services/surfaceflinger/SurfaceFlinger.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wextra"

//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS

#include "SurfaceFlinger.h"
#include "TraceUtils.h"

#include <android-base/properties.h>
#include <android/configuration.h>
#include <android/hardware/configstore/1.0/ISurfaceFlingerConfigs.h>
#include <android/hardware/configstore/1.1/ISurfaceFlingerConfigs.h>
#include <android/hardware/configstore/1.1/types.h>
#include <android/hardware/power/Boost.h>
#include <android/native_window.h>
#include <android/os/BnSetInputWindowsListener.h>
#include <android/os/IInputFlinger.h>
#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
#include <binder/PermissionCache.h>
#include <compositionengine/CompositionEngine.h>
#include <compositionengine/CompositionRefreshArgs.h>
#include <compositionengine/Display.h>
#include <compositionengine/DisplayColorProfile.h>
#include <compositionengine/DisplayCreationArgs.h>
#include <compositionengine/LayerFECompositionState.h>
#include <compositionengine/OutputLayer.h>
#include <compositionengine/RenderSurface.h>
#include <compositionengine/impl/OutputCompositionState.h>
#include <configstore/Utils.h>
#include <cutils/compiler.h>
#include <cutils/properties.h>
#include <ftl/future.h>
#include <gui/BufferQueue.h>
#include <gui/DebugEGLImageTracker.h>
#include <gui/IDisplayEventConnection.h>
#include <gui/IProducerListener.h>
#include <gui/LayerDebugInfo.h>
#include <gui/LayerMetadata.h>
#include <gui/LayerState.h>
#include <gui/Surface.h>
#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
#include <layerproto/LayerProtoParser.h>
#include <log/log.h>
#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
#include <private/gui/SyncFeatures.h>
#include <renderengine/RenderEngine.h>
#include <statslog.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <ui/ColorSpace.h>
#include <ui/DebugUtils.h>
#include <ui/DisplayId.h>
#include <ui/DisplayMode.h>
#include <ui/DisplayStatInfo.h>
#include <ui/DisplayState.h>
#include <ui/DynamicDisplayInfo.h>
#include <ui/GraphicBufferAllocator.h>
#include <ui/PixelFormat.h>
#include <ui/StaticDisplayInfo.h>
#include <utils/StopWatch.h>
#include <utils/String16.h>
#include <utils/String8.h>
#include <utils/Timers.h>
#include <utils/misc.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cinttypes>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdint>
#include <functional>
#include <mutex>
#include <optional>
#include <type_traits>
#include <unordered_map>

#include "BufferLayer.h"
#include "BufferQueueLayer.h"
#include "BufferStateLayer.h"
#include "Client.h"
#include "Colorizer.h"
#include "ContainerLayer.h"
#include "DisplayDevice.h"
#include "DisplayHardware/ComposerHal.h"
#include "DisplayHardware/DisplayIdentification.h"
#include "DisplayHardware/FramebufferSurface.h"
#include "DisplayHardware/HWComposer.h"
#include "DisplayHardware/Hal.h"
#include "DisplayHardware/VirtualDisplaySurface.h"
#include "DisplayRenderArea.h"
#include "EffectLayer.h"
#include "Effects/Daltonizer.h"
#include "FpsReporter.h"
#include "FrameTimeline/FrameTimeline.h"
#include "FrameTracer/FrameTracer.h"
#include "HdrLayerInfoReporter.h"
#include "Layer.h"
#include "LayerRenderArea.h"
#include "LayerVector.h"
#include "MonitoredProducer.h"
#include "NativeWindowSurface.h"
#include "RefreshRateOverlay.h"
#include "RegionSamplingThread.h"
#include "Scheduler/DispSyncSource.h"
#include "Scheduler/EventThread.h"
#include "Scheduler/LayerHistory.h"
#include "Scheduler/MessageQueue.h"
#include "Scheduler/Scheduler.h"
#include "Scheduler/VsyncConfiguration.h"
#include "Scheduler/VsyncController.h"
#include "StartPropertySetThread.h"
#include "SurfaceFlingerProperties.h"
#include "SurfaceInterceptor.h"
#include "TimeStats/TimeStats.h"
#include "android-base/parseint.h"
#include "android-base/stringprintf.h"
#include "android-base/strings.h"

#define MAIN_THREAD ACQUIRE(mStateLock) RELEASE(mStateLock)

#define ON_MAIN_THREAD(expr)                                       \
    [&] {                                                          \
        LOG_FATAL_IF(std::this_thread::get_id() != mMainThreadId); \
        UnnecessaryLock lock(mStateLock);                          \
        return (expr);                                             \
    }()

#undef NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS
#define NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS \
    _Pragma("GCC error \"Prefer MAIN_THREAD macros or {Conditional,Timed,Unnecessary}Lock.\"")

namespace android {

using namespace std::string_literals;

using namespace android::hardware::configstore;
using namespace android::hardware::configstore::V1_0;
using namespace android::sysprop;

using android::hardware::power::Boost;
using base::StringAppendF;
using ui::ColorMode;
using ui::Dataspace;
using ui::DisplayPrimaries;
using ui::RenderIntent;

namespace hal = android::hardware::graphics::composer::hal;

namespace {

#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic error "-Wswitch-enum"

bool isWideColorMode(const ColorMode colorMode) {
    switch (colorMode) {
        case ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3:
        case ColorMode::ADOBE_RGB:
        case ColorMode::DCI_P3:
        case ColorMode::BT2020:
        case ColorMode::DISPLAY_BT2020:
        case ColorMode::BT2100_PQ:
        case ColorMode::BT2100_HLG:
            return true;
        case ColorMode::NATIVE:
        case ColorMode::STANDARD_BT601_625:
        case ColorMode::STANDARD_BT601_625_UNADJUSTED:
        case ColorMode::STANDARD_BT601_525:
        case ColorMode::STANDARD_BT601_525_UNADJUSTED:
        case ColorMode::STANDARD_BT709:
        case ColorMode::SRGB:
            return false;
    }
    return false;
}

#pragma clang diagnostic pop

template <typename Mutex>
struct SCOPED_CAPABILITY ConditionalLockGuard {
    ConditionalLockGuard(Mutex& mutex, bool lock) ACQUIRE(mutex) : mutex(mutex), lock(lock) {
        if (lock) mutex.lock();
    }

    ~ConditionalLockGuard() RELEASE() {
        if (lock) mutex.unlock();
    }

    Mutex& mutex;
    const bool lock;
};

using ConditionalLock = ConditionalLockGuard<Mutex>;

struct SCOPED_CAPABILITY TimedLock {
    TimedLock(Mutex& mutex, nsecs_t timeout, const char* whence) ACQUIRE(mutex)
          : mutex(mutex), status(mutex.timedLock(timeout)) {
        ALOGE_IF(!locked(), "%s timed out locking: %s (%d)", whence, strerror(-status), status);
    }

    ~TimedLock() RELEASE() {
        if (locked()) mutex.unlock();
    }

    bool locked() const { return status == NO_ERROR; }

    Mutex& mutex;
    const status_t status;
};

struct SCOPED_CAPABILITY UnnecessaryLock {
    explicit UnnecessaryLock(Mutex& mutex) ACQUIRE(mutex) {}
    ~UnnecessaryLock() RELEASE() {}
};

// TODO(b/141333600): Consolidate with DisplayMode::Builder::getDefaultDensity.
constexpr float FALLBACK_DENSITY = ACONFIGURATION_DENSITY_TV;

float getDensityFromProperty(const char* property, bool required) {
    char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
    const float density = property_get(property, value, nullptr) > 0 ? std::atof(value) : 0.f;
    if (!density && required) {
        ALOGE("%s must be defined as a build property", property);
        return FALLBACK_DENSITY;
    }
    return density;
}

// Currently we only support V0_SRGB and DISPLAY_P3 as composition preference.
bool validateCompositionDataspace(Dataspace dataspace) {
    return dataspace == Dataspace::V0_SRGB || dataspace == Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3;
}

class FrameRateFlexibilityToken : public BBinder {
public:
    FrameRateFlexibilityToken(std::function<void()> callback) : mCallback(callback) {}
    virtual ~FrameRateFlexibilityToken() { mCallback(); }

private:
    std::function<void()> mCallback;
};

enum Permission {
    ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER = 0x1,
    ROTATE_SURFACE_FLINGER = 0x2,
};

}  // namespace anonymous

struct SetInputWindowsListener : os::BnSetInputWindowsListener {
    explicit SetInputWindowsListener(std::function<void()> listenerCb) : mListenerCb(listenerCb) {}

    binder::Status onSetInputWindowsFinished() override;

    std::function<void()> mListenerCb;
};

binder::Status SetInputWindowsListener::onSetInputWindowsFinished() {
    if (mListenerCb != nullptr) {
        mListenerCb();
    }
    return binder::Status::ok();
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

const String16 sHardwareTest("android.permission.HARDWARE_TEST");
const String16 sAccessSurfaceFlinger("android.permission.ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER");
const String16 sRotateSurfaceFlinger("android.permission.ROTATE_SURFACE_FLINGER");
const String16 sReadFramebuffer("android.permission.READ_FRAME_BUFFER");
const String16 sControlDisplayBrightness("android.permission.CONTROL_DISPLAY_BRIGHTNESS");
const String16 sDump("android.permission.DUMP");
const char* KERNEL_IDLE_TIMER_PROP = "graphics.display.kernel_idle_timer.enabled";

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
int64_t SurfaceFlinger::dispSyncPresentTimeOffset;
bool SurfaceFlinger::useHwcForRgbToYuv;
uint64_t SurfaceFlinger::maxVirtualDisplaySize;
bool SurfaceFlinger::hasSyncFramework;
int64_t SurfaceFlinger::maxFrameBufferAcquiredBuffers;
uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::maxGraphicsWidth;
uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::maxGraphicsHeight;
bool SurfaceFlinger::hasWideColorDisplay;
ui::Rotation SurfaceFlinger::internalDisplayOrientation = ui::ROTATION_0;
bool SurfaceFlinger::useColorManagement;
bool SurfaceFlinger::useContextPriority;
Dataspace SurfaceFlinger::defaultCompositionDataspace = Dataspace::V0_SRGB;
ui::PixelFormat SurfaceFlinger::defaultCompositionPixelFormat = ui::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
Dataspace SurfaceFlinger::wideColorGamutCompositionDataspace = Dataspace::V0_SRGB;
ui::PixelFormat SurfaceFlinger::wideColorGamutCompositionPixelFormat = ui::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
bool SurfaceFlinger::useFrameRateApi;

std::string getHwcServiceName() {
    char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX] = {};
    property_get("debug.sf.hwc_service_name", value, "default");
    ALOGI("Using HWComposer service: '%s'", value);
    return std::string(value);
}

bool useTrebleTestingOverride() {
    char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX] = {};
    property_get("debug.sf.treble_testing_override", value, "false");
    ALOGI("Treble testing override: '%s'", value);
    return std::string(value) == "true";
}

std::string decodeDisplayColorSetting(DisplayColorSetting displayColorSetting) {
    switch(displayColorSetting) {
        case DisplayColorSetting::kManaged:
            return std::string("Managed");
        case DisplayColorSetting::kUnmanaged:
            return std::string("Unmanaged");
        case DisplayColorSetting::kEnhanced:
            return std::string("Enhanced");
        default:
            return std::string("Unknown ") +
                std::to_string(static_cast<int>(displayColorSetting));
    }
}

bool callingThreadHasRotateSurfaceFlingerAccess() {
    IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
    const int pid = ipc->getCallingPid();
    const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();
    return uid == AID_GRAPHICS || uid == AID_SYSTEM ||
            PermissionCache::checkPermission(sRotateSurfaceFlinger, pid, uid);
}

SurfaceFlingerBE::SurfaceFlingerBE() : mHwcServiceName(getHwcServiceName()) {}

SurfaceFlinger::SurfaceFlinger(Factory& factory, SkipInitializationTag)
      : mFactory(factory),
        mInterceptor(mFactory.createSurfaceInterceptor()),
        mTimeStats(std::make_shared<impl::TimeStats>()),
        mFrameTracer(mFactory.createFrameTracer()),
        mFrameTimeline(mFactory.createFrameTimeline(mTimeStats, getpid())),
        mEventQueue(mFactory.createMessageQueue()),
        mCompositionEngine(mFactory.createCompositionEngine()),
        mInternalDisplayDensity(getDensityFromProperty("ro.sf.lcd_density", true)),
        mEmulatedDisplayDensity(getDensityFromProperty("qemu.sf.lcd_density", false)) {
    mSetInputWindowsListener = new SetInputWindowsListener([&]() { setInputWindowsFinished(); });
}

SurfaceFlinger::SurfaceFlinger(Factory& factory) : SurfaceFlinger(factory, SkipInitialization) {
    ALOGI("SurfaceFlinger is starting");

    hasSyncFramework = running_without_sync_framework(true);

    dispSyncPresentTimeOffset = present_time_offset_from_vsync_ns(0);

    useHwcForRgbToYuv = force_hwc_copy_for_virtual_displays(false);

    maxVirtualDisplaySize = max_virtual_display_dimension(0);

    maxFrameBufferAcquiredBuffers = max_frame_buffer_acquired_buffers(2);

    maxGraphicsWidth = std::max(max_graphics_width(0), 0);
    maxGraphicsHeight = std::max(max_graphics_height(0), 0);

    hasWideColorDisplay = has_wide_color_display(false);

    // Android 12 and beyond, color management in display pipeline is turned on
    // by default.
    useColorManagement = use_color_management(true);

    mDefaultCompositionDataspace =
            static_cast<ui::Dataspace>(default_composition_dataspace(Dataspace::V0_SRGB));
    mWideColorGamutCompositionDataspace = static_cast<ui::Dataspace>(wcg_composition_dataspace(
            hasWideColorDisplay ? Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3 : Dataspace::V0_SRGB));
    defaultCompositionDataspace = mDefaultCompositionDataspace;
    wideColorGamutCompositionDataspace = mWideColorGamutCompositionDataspace;
    defaultCompositionPixelFormat = static_cast<ui::PixelFormat>(
            default_composition_pixel_format(ui::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888));
    wideColorGamutCompositionPixelFormat =
            static_cast<ui::PixelFormat>(wcg_composition_pixel_format(ui::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888));

    mColorSpaceAgnosticDataspace =
            static_cast<ui::Dataspace>(color_space_agnostic_dataspace(Dataspace::UNKNOWN));

    useContextPriority = use_context_priority(true);

    using Values = SurfaceFlingerProperties::primary_display_orientation_values;
    switch (primary_display_orientation(Values::ORIENTATION_0)) {
        case Values::ORIENTATION_0:
            break;
        case Values::ORIENTATION_90:
            internalDisplayOrientation = ui::ROTATION_90;
            break;
        case Values::ORIENTATION_180:
            internalDisplayOrientation = ui::ROTATION_180;
            break;
        case Values::ORIENTATION_270:
            internalDisplayOrientation = ui::ROTATION_270;
            break;
    }
    ALOGV("Internal Display Orientation: %s", toCString(internalDisplayOrientation));

    mInternalDisplayPrimaries = sysprop::getDisplayNativePrimaries();

    // debugging stuff...
    char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];

    property_get("ro.bq.gpu_to_cpu_unsupported", value, "0");
    mGpuToCpuSupported = !atoi(value);

    property_get("ro.build.type", value, "user");
    mIsUserBuild = strcmp(value, "user") == 0;

    property_get("debug.sf.showupdates", value, "0");
    mDebugRegion = atoi(value);

    ALOGI_IF(mDebugRegion, "showupdates enabled");

    // DDMS debugging deprecated (b/120782499)
    property_get("debug.sf.ddms", value, "0");
    int debugDdms = atoi(value);
    ALOGI_IF(debugDdms, "DDMS debugging not supported");

    property_get("debug.sf.enable_gl_backpressure", value, "0");
    mPropagateBackpressureClientComposition = atoi(value);
    ALOGI_IF(mPropagateBackpressureClientComposition,
             "Enabling backpressure propagation for Client Composition");

    property_get("debug.sf.enable_hwc_vds", value, "0");
    mUseHwcVirtualDisplays = atoi(value);
    ALOGI_IF(mUseHwcVirtualDisplays, "Enabling HWC virtual displays");

    property_get("ro.surface_flinger.supports_background_blur", value, "0");
    bool supportsBlurs = atoi(value);
    mSupportsBlur = supportsBlurs;
    ALOGI_IF(!mSupportsBlur, "Disabling blur effects, they are not supported.");
    property_get("ro.sf.blurs_are_expensive", value, "0");
    mBlursAreExpensive = atoi(value);

    const size_t defaultListSize = ISurfaceComposer::MAX_LAYERS;
    auto listSize = property_get_int32("debug.sf.max_igbp_list_size", int32_t(defaultListSize));
    mMaxGraphicBufferProducerListSize = (listSize > 0) ? size_t(listSize) : defaultListSize;
    mGraphicBufferProducerListSizeLogThreshold =
            std::max(static_cast<int>(0.95 *
                                      static_cast<double>(mMaxGraphicBufferProducerListSize)),
                     1);

    property_get("debug.sf.luma_sampling", value, "1");
    mLumaSampling = atoi(value);

    property_get("debug.sf.disable_client_composition_cache", value, "0");
    mDisableClientCompositionCache = atoi(value);

    // We should be reading 'persist.sys.sf.color_saturation' here
    // but since /data may be encrypted, we need to wait until after vold
    // comes online to attempt to read the property. The property is
    // instead read after the boot animation

    if (useTrebleTestingOverride()) {
        // Without the override SurfaceFlinger cannot connect to HIDL
        // services that are not listed in the manifests.  Considered
        // deriving the setting from the set service name, but it
        // would be brittle if the name that's not 'default' is used
        // for production purposes later on.
        android::hardware::details::setTrebleTestingOverride(true);
    }

    useFrameRateApi = use_frame_rate_api(true);

    mKernelIdleTimerEnabled = mSupportKernelIdleTimer = sysprop::support_kernel_idle_timer(false);
    base::SetProperty(KERNEL_IDLE_TIMER_PROP, mKernelIdleTimerEnabled ? "true" : "false");

    mRefreshRateOverlaySpinner = property_get_bool("sf.debug.show_refresh_rate_overlay_spinner", 0);
}

SurfaceFlinger::~SurfaceFlinger() = default;

void SurfaceFlinger::onFirstRef() {
    mEventQueue->init(this);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::binderDied(const wp<IBinder>&) {
    // the window manager died on us. prepare its eulogy.
    mBootFinished = false;

    // Sever the link to inputflinger since its gone as well.
    static_cast<void>(schedule([=] { mInputFlinger = nullptr; }));

    // restore initial conditions (default device unblank, etc)
    initializeDisplays();

    // restart the boot-animation
    startBootAnim();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::run() {
    while (true) {
        mEventQueue->waitMessage();
    }
}

template <typename F, typename T>
inline std::future<T> SurfaceFlinger::schedule(F&& f) {
    auto [task, future] = makeTask(std::move(f));
    mEventQueue->postMessage(std::move(task));
    return std::move(future);
}

sp<ISurfaceComposerClient> SurfaceFlinger::createConnection() {
    const sp<Client> client = new Client(this);
    return client->initCheck() == NO_ERROR ? client : nullptr;
}

sp<IBinder> SurfaceFlinger::createDisplay(const String8& displayName, bool secure) {
    // onTransact already checks for some permissions, but adding an additional check here.
    // This is to ensure that only system and graphics can request to create a secure
    // display. Secure displays can show secure content so we add an additional restriction on it.
    const int uid = IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid();
    if (secure && uid != AID_GRAPHICS && uid != AID_SYSTEM) {
        ALOGE("Only privileged processes can create a secure display");
        return nullptr;
    }

    class DisplayToken : public BBinder {
        sp<SurfaceFlinger> flinger;
        virtual ~DisplayToken() {
             // no more references, this display must be terminated
             Mutex::Autolock _l(flinger->mStateLock);
             flinger->mCurrentState.displays.removeItem(this);
             flinger->setTransactionFlags(eDisplayTransactionNeeded);
         }
     public:
        explicit DisplayToken(const sp<SurfaceFlinger>& flinger)
            : flinger(flinger) {
        }
    };

    sp<BBinder> token = new DisplayToken(this);

    Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
    // Display ID is assigned when virtual display is allocated by HWC.
    DisplayDeviceState state;
    state.isSecure = secure;
    state.displayName = displayName;
    mCurrentState.displays.add(token, state);
    mInterceptor->saveDisplayCreation(state);
    return token;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::destroyDisplay(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken) {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    const ssize_t index = mCurrentState.displays.indexOfKey(displayToken);
    if (index < 0) {
        ALOGE("%s: Invalid display token %p", __FUNCTION__, displayToken.get());
        return;
    }

    const DisplayDeviceState& state = mCurrentState.displays.valueAt(index);
    if (state.physical) {
        ALOGE("%s: Invalid operation on physical display", __FUNCTION__);
        return;
    }
    mInterceptor->saveDisplayDeletion(state.sequenceId);
    mCurrentState.displays.removeItemsAt(index);
    setTransactionFlags(eDisplayTransactionNeeded);
}

std::vector<PhysicalDisplayId> SurfaceFlinger::getPhysicalDisplayIds() const {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    const auto internalDisplayId = getInternalDisplayIdLocked();
    if (!internalDisplayId) {
        return {};
    }

    std::vector<PhysicalDisplayId> displayIds;
    displayIds.reserve(mPhysicalDisplayTokens.size());
    displayIds.push_back(*internalDisplayId);

    for (const auto& [id, token] : mPhysicalDisplayTokens) {
        if (id != *internalDisplayId) {
            displayIds.push_back(id);
        }
    }

    return displayIds;
}

sp<IBinder> SurfaceFlinger::getPhysicalDisplayToken(PhysicalDisplayId displayId) const {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
    return getPhysicalDisplayTokenLocked(displayId);
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getColorManagement(bool* outGetColorManagement) const {
    if (!outGetColorManagement) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }
    *outGetColorManagement = useColorManagement;
    return NO_ERROR;
}

HWComposer& SurfaceFlinger::getHwComposer() const {
    return mCompositionEngine->getHwComposer();
}

renderengine::RenderEngine& SurfaceFlinger::getRenderEngine() const {
    return mCompositionEngine->getRenderEngine();
}

compositionengine::CompositionEngine& SurfaceFlinger::getCompositionEngine() const {
    return *mCompositionEngine.get();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::bootFinished() {
    if (mBootFinished == true) {
        ALOGE("Extra call to bootFinished");
        return;
    }
    mBootFinished = true;
    if (mStartPropertySetThread->join() != NO_ERROR) {
        ALOGE("Join StartPropertySetThread failed!");
    }
    const nsecs_t now = systemTime();
    const nsecs_t duration = now - mBootTime;
    ALOGI("Boot is finished (%ld ms)", long(ns2ms(duration)) );

    mFrameTracer->initialize();
    mTimeStats->onBootFinished();
    mFrameTimeline->onBootFinished();

    // wait patiently for the window manager death
    const String16 name("window");
    mWindowManager = defaultServiceManager()->getService(name);
    if (mWindowManager != 0) {
        mWindowManager->linkToDeath(static_cast<IBinder::DeathRecipient*>(this));
    }

    // stop boot animation
    // formerly we would just kill the process, but we now ask it to exit so it
    // can choose where to stop the animation.
    property_set("service.bootanim.exit", "1");

    const int LOGTAG_SF_STOP_BOOTANIM = 60110;
    LOG_EVENT_LONG(LOGTAG_SF_STOP_BOOTANIM,
                   ns2ms(systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC)));

    sp<IBinder> input(defaultServiceManager()->getService(String16("inputflinger")));

    static_cast<void>(schedule([=] {
        if (input == nullptr) {
            ALOGE("Failed to link to input service");
        } else {
            mInputFlinger = interface_cast<os::IInputFlinger>(input);
        }

        readPersistentProperties();
        mPowerAdvisor.onBootFinished();
        mBootStage = BootStage::FINISHED;

        if (property_get_bool("sf.debug.show_refresh_rate_overlay", false)) {
            enableRefreshRateOverlay(true);
        }
    }));
}

uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::getNewTexture() {
    {
        std::lock_guard lock(mTexturePoolMutex);
        if (!mTexturePool.empty()) {
            uint32_t name = mTexturePool.back();
            mTexturePool.pop_back();
            ATRACE_INT("TexturePoolSize", mTexturePool.size());
            return name;
        }

        // The pool was too small, so increase it for the future
        ++mTexturePoolSize;
    }

    // The pool was empty, so we need to get a new texture name directly using a
    // blocking call to the main thread
    auto genTextures = [this] {
               uint32_t name = 0;
               getRenderEngine().genTextures(1, &name);
               return name;
    };
    if (std::this_thread::get_id() == mMainThreadId) {
        return genTextures();
    } else {
        return schedule(genTextures).get();
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::deleteTextureAsync(uint32_t texture) {
    std::lock_guard lock(mTexturePoolMutex);
    // We don't change the pool size, so the fix-up logic in postComposition will decide whether
    // to actually delete this or not based on mTexturePoolSize
    mTexturePool.push_back(texture);
    ATRACE_INT("TexturePoolSize", mTexturePool.size());
}

// Do not call property_set on main thread which will be blocked by init
// Use StartPropertySetThread instead.
void SurfaceFlinger::init() {
    ALOGI(  "SurfaceFlinger's main thread ready to run. "
            "Initializing graphics H/W...");
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);

    // Get a RenderEngine for the given display / config (can't fail)
    // TODO(b/77156734): We need to stop casting and use HAL types when possible.
    // Sending maxFrameBufferAcquiredBuffers as the cache size is tightly tuned to single-display.
    mCompositionEngine->setRenderEngine(renderengine::RenderEngine::create(
            renderengine::RenderEngineCreationArgs::Builder()
                    .setPixelFormat(static_cast<int32_t>(defaultCompositionPixelFormat))
                    .setImageCacheSize(maxFrameBufferAcquiredBuffers)
                    .setUseColorManagerment(useColorManagement)
                    .setEnableProtectedContext(enable_protected_contents(false))
                    .setPrecacheToneMapperShaderOnly(false)
                    .setSupportsBackgroundBlur(mSupportsBlur)
                    .setContextPriority(
                            useContextPriority
                                    ? renderengine::RenderEngine::ContextPriority::REALTIME
                                    : renderengine::RenderEngine::ContextPriority::MEDIUM)
                    .build()));
    mCompositionEngine->setTimeStats(mTimeStats);
    mCompositionEngine->setHwComposer(getFactory().createHWComposer(getBE().mHwcServiceName));
    mCompositionEngine->getHwComposer().setConfiguration(this, getBE().mComposerSequenceId);
    ClientCache::getInstance().setRenderEngine(&getRenderEngine());
    // Process any initial hotplug and resulting display changes.
    processDisplayHotplugEventsLocked();
    const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked();
    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!display, "Missing internal display after registering composer callback.");
    const auto displayId = display->getPhysicalId();
    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!getHwComposer().isConnected(displayId),
                        "Internal display is disconnected.");

    // initialize our drawing state
    mDrawingState = mCurrentState;

    // set initial conditions (e.g. unblank default device)
    initializeDisplays();

    char primeShaderCache[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
    property_get("service.sf.prime_shader_cache", primeShaderCache, "1");
    if (atoi(primeShaderCache)) {
        getRenderEngine().primeCache();
    }

    getRenderEngine().onPrimaryDisplaySizeChanged(display->getSize());

    // Inform native graphics APIs whether the present timestamp is supported:

    const bool presentFenceReliable =
            !getHwComposer().hasCapability(hal::Capability::PRESENT_FENCE_IS_NOT_RELIABLE);
    mStartPropertySetThread = getFactory().createStartPropertySetThread(presentFenceReliable);

    if (mStartPropertySetThread->Start() != NO_ERROR) {
        ALOGE("Run StartPropertySetThread failed!");
    }

    ALOGV("Done initializing");
}

void SurfaceFlinger::readPersistentProperties() {
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);

    char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];

    property_get("persist.sys.sf.color_saturation", value, "1.0");
    mGlobalSaturationFactor = atof(value);
    updateColorMatrixLocked();
    ALOGV("Saturation is set to %.2f", mGlobalSaturationFactor);

    property_get("persist.sys.sf.native_mode", value, "0");
    mDisplayColorSetting = static_cast<DisplayColorSetting>(atoi(value));

    property_get("persist.sys.sf.color_mode", value, "0");
    mForceColorMode = static_cast<ColorMode>(atoi(value));

    property_get("persist.sys.sf.disable_blurs", value, "0");
    bool disableBlurs = atoi(value);
    mDisableBlurs = disableBlurs;
    ALOGI_IF(disableBlurs, "Disabling blur effects, user preference.");
}

void SurfaceFlinger::startBootAnim() {
    // Start boot animation service by setting a property mailbox
    // if property setting thread is already running, Start() will be just a NOP
    mStartPropertySetThread->Start();
    // Wait until property was set
    if (mStartPropertySetThread->join() != NO_ERROR) {
        ALOGE("Join StartPropertySetThread failed!");
    }
}

size_t SurfaceFlinger::getMaxTextureSize() const {
    return getRenderEngine().getMaxTextureSize();
}

size_t SurfaceFlinger::getMaxViewportDims() const {
    return getRenderEngine().getMaxViewportDims();
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

bool SurfaceFlinger::authenticateSurfaceTexture(
        const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& bufferProducer) const {
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
    return authenticateSurfaceTextureLocked(bufferProducer);
}

bool SurfaceFlinger::authenticateSurfaceTextureLocked(
        const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& bufferProducer) const {
    sp<IBinder> surfaceTextureBinder(IInterface::asBinder(bufferProducer));
    return mGraphicBufferProducerList.count(surfaceTextureBinder.get()) > 0;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getSupportedFrameTimestamps(
        std::vector<FrameEvent>* outSupported) const {
    *outSupported = {
        FrameEvent::REQUESTED_PRESENT,
        FrameEvent::ACQUIRE,
        FrameEvent::LATCH,
        FrameEvent::FIRST_REFRESH_START,
        FrameEvent::LAST_REFRESH_START,
        FrameEvent::GPU_COMPOSITION_DONE,
        FrameEvent::DEQUEUE_READY,
        FrameEvent::RELEASE,
    };
    ConditionalLock _l(mStateLock,
            std::this_thread::get_id() != mMainThreadId);
    if (!getHwComposer().hasCapability(hal::Capability::PRESENT_FENCE_IS_NOT_RELIABLE)) {
        outSupported->push_back(FrameEvent::DISPLAY_PRESENT);
    }
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getDisplayState(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken, ui::DisplayState* state) {
    if (!displayToken || !state) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
    if (!display) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }

    state->layerStack = display->getLayerStack();
    state->orientation = display->getOrientation();

    const Rect layerStackRect = display->getLayerStackSpaceRect();
    state->layerStackSpaceRect =
            layerStackRect.isValid() ? layerStackRect.getSize() : display->getSize();

    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getStaticDisplayInfo(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                              ui::StaticDisplayInfo* info) {
    if (!displayToken || !info) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
    if (!display) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }

    if (const auto connectionType = display->getConnectionType())
        info->connectionType = *connectionType;
    else {
        return INVALID_OPERATION;
    }

    if (mEmulatedDisplayDensity) {
        info->density = mEmulatedDisplayDensity;
    } else {
        info->density = info->connectionType == ui::DisplayConnectionType::Internal
                ? mInternalDisplayDensity
                : FALLBACK_DENSITY;
    }
    info->density /= ACONFIGURATION_DENSITY_MEDIUM;

    info->secure = display->isSecure();
    info->deviceProductInfo = display->getDeviceProductInfo();

    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getDynamicDisplayInfo(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                               ui::DynamicDisplayInfo* info) {
    if (!displayToken || !info) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
    if (!display) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }

    info->activeDisplayModeId = static_cast<int32_t>(display->getActiveMode()->getId().value());

    const auto& supportedModes = display->getSupportedModes();
    info->supportedDisplayModes.clear();
    info->supportedDisplayModes.reserve(supportedModes.size());
    for (const auto& mode : supportedModes) {
        ui::DisplayMode outMode;
        outMode.id = static_cast<int32_t>(mode->getId().value());

        auto width = mode->getWidth();
        auto height = mode->getHeight();

        auto xDpi = mode->getDpiX();
        auto yDpi = mode->getDpiY();

        if (display->isPrimary() &&
            (internalDisplayOrientation == ui::ROTATION_90 ||
             internalDisplayOrientation == ui::ROTATION_270)) {
            std::swap(width, height);
            std::swap(xDpi, yDpi);
        }

        outMode.resolution = ui::Size(width, height);

        if (mEmulatedDisplayDensity) {
            outMode.xDpi = mEmulatedDisplayDensity;
            outMode.yDpi = mEmulatedDisplayDensity;
        } else {
            outMode.xDpi = xDpi;
            outMode.yDpi = yDpi;
        }

        const nsecs_t period = mode->getVsyncPeriod();
        outMode.refreshRate = Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(period).getValue();

        const auto vsyncConfigSet =
                mVsyncConfiguration->getConfigsForRefreshRate(Fps(outMode.refreshRate));
        outMode.appVsyncOffset = vsyncConfigSet.late.appOffset;
        outMode.sfVsyncOffset = vsyncConfigSet.late.sfOffset;
        outMode.group = mode->getGroup();

        // This is how far in advance a buffer must be queued for
        // presentation at a given time.  If you want a buffer to appear
        // on the screen at time N, you must submit the buffer before
        // (N - presentationDeadline).
        //
        // Normally it's one full refresh period (to give SF a chance to
        // latch the buffer), but this can be reduced by configuring a
        // VsyncController offset.  Any additional delays introduced by the hardware
        // composer or panel must be accounted for here.
        //
        // We add an additional 1ms to allow for processing time and
        // differences between the ideal and actual refresh rate.
        outMode.presentationDeadline = period - outMode.sfVsyncOffset + 1000000;

        info->supportedDisplayModes.push_back(outMode);
    }

    info->activeColorMode = display->getCompositionDisplay()->getState().colorMode;
    const auto displayId = display->getPhysicalId();
    info->supportedColorModes = getDisplayColorModes(displayId);

    info->hdrCapabilities = display->getHdrCapabilities();
    info->autoLowLatencyModeSupported =
            getHwComposer().hasDisplayCapability(displayId,
                                                 hal::DisplayCapability::AUTO_LOW_LATENCY_MODE);
    std::vector<hal::ContentType> types;
    getHwComposer().getSupportedContentTypes(displayId, &types);
    info->gameContentTypeSupported = std::any_of(types.begin(), types.end(), [](auto type) {
        return type == hal::ContentType::GAME;
    });
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getDisplayStats(const sp<IBinder>&, DisplayStatInfo* stats) {
    if (!stats) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    *stats = mScheduler->getDisplayStatInfo(systemTime());
    return NO_ERROR;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::setDesiredActiveMode(const ActiveModeInfo& info) {
    ATRACE_CALL();
    auto refreshRate = mRefreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateFromModeId(info.modeId);
    ALOGV("%s(%s)", __func__, refreshRate.getName().c_str());

    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mActiveModeLock);
    if (mDesiredActiveModeChanged) {
        // If a mode change is pending, just cache the latest request in mDesiredActiveMode
        const Scheduler::ModeEvent prevConfig = mDesiredActiveMode.event;
        mDesiredActiveMode = info;
        mDesiredActiveMode.event = mDesiredActiveMode.event | prevConfig;
    } else {
        // Check if we are already at the desired mode
        const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked();
        if (!display || display->getActiveMode()->getId() == refreshRate.getModeId()) {
            return;
        }

        // Initiate a mode change.
        mDesiredActiveModeChanged = true;
        mDesiredActiveMode = info;

        // This will trigger HWC refresh without resetting the idle timer.
        repaintEverythingForHWC();
        // Start receiving vsync samples now, so that we can detect a period
        // switch.
        mScheduler->resyncToHardwareVsync(true, refreshRate.getVsyncPeriod());
        // As we called to set period, we will call to onRefreshRateChangeCompleted once
        // VsyncController model is locked.
        modulateVsync(&VsyncModulator::onRefreshRateChangeInitiated);

        updatePhaseConfiguration(refreshRate.getFps());
        mScheduler->setModeChangePending(true);
    }

    if (mRefreshRateOverlay) {
        mRefreshRateOverlay->changeRefreshRate(refreshRate.getFps());
    }
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::setActiveMode(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken, int modeId) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    if (!displayToken) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    auto future = schedule([=]() -> status_t {
        const auto display = ON_MAIN_THREAD(getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken));
        if (!display) {
            ALOGE("Attempt to set allowed display modes for invalid display token %p",
                  displayToken.get());
            return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
        }

        if (display->isVirtual()) {
            ALOGW("Attempt to set allowed display modes for virtual display");
            return INVALID_OPERATION;
        }

        const auto mode = display->getMode(DisplayModeId{modeId});
        if (!mode) {
            ALOGW("Attempt to switch to an unsupported mode %d.", modeId);
            return BAD_VALUE;
        }

        const auto fps = mode->getFps();
        // Keep the old switching type.
        const auto allowGroupSwitching =
                mRefreshRateConfigs->getCurrentPolicy().allowGroupSwitching;
        const scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs::Policy policy{mode->getId(),
                                                           allowGroupSwitching,
                                                           {fps, fps}};
        constexpr bool kOverridePolicy = false;

        return setDesiredDisplayModeSpecsInternal(display, policy, kOverridePolicy);
    });

    return future.get();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::setActiveModeInternal() {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked();
    if (!display) {
        return;
    }

    const auto upcomingMode = display->getMode(mUpcomingActiveMode.modeId);
    if (!upcomingMode) {
        ALOGW("Upcoming active mode is no longer supported. Mode ID = %d",
              mUpcomingActiveMode.modeId.value());
        // TODO(b/159590486) Handle the error better. Some parts of SurfaceFlinger may
        // have been already updated with the upcoming active mode.
        return;
    }
    const Fps oldRefreshRate = display->getActiveMode()->getFps();

    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mActiveModeLock);
    mRefreshRateConfigs->setCurrentModeId(mUpcomingActiveMode.modeId);
    display->setActiveMode(mUpcomingActiveMode.modeId);

    const Fps refreshRate = upcomingMode->getFps();

    mRefreshRateStats->setRefreshRate(refreshRate);

    if (!refreshRate.equalsWithMargin(oldRefreshRate)) {
        mTimeStats->incrementRefreshRateSwitches();
    }
    updatePhaseConfiguration(refreshRate);
    ATRACE_INT("ActiveConfigFPS", refreshRate.getValue());

    if (mUpcomingActiveMode.event != Scheduler::ModeEvent::None) {
        const nsecs_t vsyncPeriod = refreshRate.getPeriodNsecs();
        const auto physicalId = display->getPhysicalId();
        mScheduler->onPrimaryDisplayModeChanged(mAppConnectionHandle, physicalId,
                                                mUpcomingActiveMode.modeId, vsyncPeriod);
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::clearDesiredActiveModeState() {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mActiveModeLock);
    mDesiredActiveMode.event = Scheduler::ModeEvent::None;
    mDesiredActiveModeChanged = false;
    mScheduler->setModeChangePending(false);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::desiredActiveModeChangeDone() {
    const auto modeId = getDesiredActiveMode()->modeId;

    clearDesiredActiveModeState();

    const auto refreshRate = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked()->getMode(modeId)->getFps();
    mScheduler->resyncToHardwareVsync(true, refreshRate.getPeriodNsecs());
    updatePhaseConfiguration(refreshRate);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::performSetActiveMode() {
    ATRACE_CALL();
    ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
    // Store the local variable to release the lock.
    const auto desiredActiveMode = getDesiredActiveMode();
    if (!desiredActiveMode) {
        // No desired active mode pending to be applied
        return;
    }

    const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked();
    const auto desiredMode = display->getMode(desiredActiveMode->modeId);
    if (!desiredMode) {
        ALOGW("Desired display mode is no longer supported. Mode ID = %d",
              desiredActiveMode->modeId.value());
        clearDesiredActiveModeState();
        return;
    }
    const auto refreshRate = desiredMode->getFps();
    ALOGV("%s changing active mode to %d(%s)", __FUNCTION__, desiredMode->getId().value(),
          to_string(refreshRate).c_str());

    if (!display || display->getActiveMode()->getId() == desiredActiveMode->modeId) {
        // display is not valid or we are already in the requested mode
        // on both cases there is nothing left to do
        desiredActiveModeChangeDone();
        return;
    }

    // Desired active mode was set, it is different than the mode currently in use, however
    // allowed modes might have changed by the time we process the refresh.
    // Make sure the desired mode is still allowed
    if (!isDisplayModeAllowed(desiredActiveMode->modeId)) {
        desiredActiveModeChangeDone();
        return;
    }

    mUpcomingActiveMode = *desiredActiveMode;

    ATRACE_INT("ActiveModeFPS_HWC", refreshRate.getValue());

    // TODO(b/142753666) use constrains
    hal::VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints constraints;
    constraints.desiredTimeNanos = systemTime();
    constraints.seamlessRequired = false;

    hal::VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline outTimeline;
    const auto status =
            display->initiateModeChange(mUpcomingActiveMode.modeId, constraints, &outTimeline);
    if (status != NO_ERROR) {
        // initiateModeChange may fail if a hotplug event is just about
        // to be sent. We just log the error in this case.
        ALOGW("initiateModeChange failed: %d", status);
        return;
    }

    mScheduler->onNewVsyncPeriodChangeTimeline(outTimeline);
    // Scheduler will submit an empty frame to HWC if needed.
    mSetActiveModePending = true;
}

std::vector<ColorMode> SurfaceFlinger::getDisplayColorModes(PhysicalDisplayId displayId) {
    auto modes = getHwComposer().getColorModes(displayId);
    bool isInternalDisplay = displayId == getInternalDisplayIdLocked();

    // If it's built-in display and the configuration claims it's not wide color capable,
    // filter out all wide color modes. The typical reason why this happens is that the
    // hardware is not good enough to support GPU composition of wide color, and thus the
    // OEMs choose to disable this capability.
    if (isInternalDisplay && !hasWideColorDisplay) {
        const auto newEnd = std::remove_if(modes.begin(), modes.end(), isWideColorMode);
        modes.erase(newEnd, modes.end());
    }

    return modes;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getDisplayNativePrimaries(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                                   ui::DisplayPrimaries &primaries) {
    if (!displayToken) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    // Currently we only support this API for a single internal display.
    if (getInternalDisplayToken() != displayToken) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }

    memcpy(&primaries, &mInternalDisplayPrimaries, sizeof(ui::DisplayPrimaries));
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::setActiveColorMode(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken, ColorMode mode) {
    schedule([=]() MAIN_THREAD {
        const auto displayId = getPhysicalDisplayIdLocked(displayToken);
        if (!displayId) {
            ALOGE("Invalid display token %p", displayToken.get());
            return;
        }
        const auto modes = getDisplayColorModes(*displayId);
        bool exists = std::find(std::begin(modes), std::end(modes), mode) != std::end(modes);
        if (mode < ColorMode::NATIVE || !exists) {
            ALOGE("Attempt to set invalid active color mode %s (%d) for display token %p",
                  decodeColorMode(mode).c_str(), mode, displayToken.get());
            return;
        }
        const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
        if (!display) {
            ALOGE("Attempt to set active color mode %s (%d) for invalid display token %p",
                  decodeColorMode(mode).c_str(), mode, displayToken.get());
        } else if (display->isVirtual()) {
            ALOGW("Attempt to set active color mode %s (%d) for virtual display",
                  decodeColorMode(mode).c_str(), mode);
        } else {
            display->getCompositionDisplay()->setColorProfile(
                    compositionengine::Output::ColorProfile{mode, Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
                                                            RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC,
                                                            Dataspace::UNKNOWN});
        }
    }).wait();

    return NO_ERROR;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::setAutoLowLatencyMode(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken, bool on) {
    static_cast<void>(schedule([=]() MAIN_THREAD {
        if (const auto displayId = getPhysicalDisplayIdLocked(displayToken)) {
            getHwComposer().setAutoLowLatencyMode(*displayId, on);
        } else {
            ALOGE("%s: Invalid display token %p", __FUNCTION__, displayToken.get());
        }
    }));
}

void SurfaceFlinger::setGameContentType(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken, bool on) {
    static_cast<void>(schedule([=]() MAIN_THREAD {
        if (const auto displayId = getPhysicalDisplayIdLocked(displayToken)) {
            const auto type = on ? hal::ContentType::GAME : hal::ContentType::NONE;
            getHwComposer().setContentType(*displayId, type);
        } else {
            ALOGE("%s: Invalid display token %p", __FUNCTION__, displayToken.get());
        }
    }));
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::clearAnimationFrameStats() {
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
    mAnimFrameTracker.clearStats();
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getAnimationFrameStats(FrameStats* outStats) const {
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
    mAnimFrameTracker.getStats(outStats);
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::overrideHdrTypes(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                          const std::vector<ui::Hdr>& hdrTypes) {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
    if (!display) {
        ALOGE("%s: Invalid display token %p", __FUNCTION__, displayToken.get());
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }

    display->overrideHdrTypes(hdrTypes);
    dispatchDisplayHotplugEvent(display->getPhysicalId(), true /* connected */);
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getDisplayedContentSamplingAttributes(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                                               ui::PixelFormat* outFormat,
                                                               ui::Dataspace* outDataspace,
                                                               uint8_t* outComponentMask) const {
    if (!outFormat || !outDataspace || !outComponentMask) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    const auto displayId = getPhysicalDisplayIdLocked(displayToken);
    if (!displayId) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }

    return getHwComposer().getDisplayedContentSamplingAttributes(*displayId, outFormat,
                                                                 outDataspace, outComponentMask);
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::setDisplayContentSamplingEnabled(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                                          bool enable, uint8_t componentMask,
                                                          uint64_t maxFrames) {
    return schedule([=]() MAIN_THREAD -> status_t {
               if (const auto displayId = getPhysicalDisplayIdLocked(displayToken)) {
                   return getHwComposer().setDisplayContentSamplingEnabled(*displayId, enable,
                                                                           componentMask,
                                                                           maxFrames);
               } else {
                   ALOGE("%s: Invalid display token %p", __FUNCTION__, displayToken.get());
                   return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
               }
           })
            .get();
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getDisplayedContentSample(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                                   uint64_t maxFrames, uint64_t timestamp,
                                                   DisplayedFrameStats* outStats) const {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    const auto displayId = getPhysicalDisplayIdLocked(displayToken);
    if (!displayId) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }

    return getHwComposer().getDisplayedContentSample(*displayId, maxFrames, timestamp, outStats);
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getProtectedContentSupport(bool* outSupported) const {
    if (!outSupported) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }
    *outSupported = getRenderEngine().supportsProtectedContent();
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::isWideColorDisplay(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                            bool* outIsWideColorDisplay) const {
    if (!displayToken || !outIsWideColorDisplay) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
    const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
    if (!display) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }

    *outIsWideColorDisplay =
            display->isPrimary() ? hasWideColorDisplay : display->hasWideColorGamut();
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::enableVSyncInjections(bool enable) {
    schedule([=] {
        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

        if (const auto handle = mScheduler->enableVSyncInjection(enable)) {
            mEventQueue->setInjector(enable ? mScheduler->getEventConnection(handle) : nullptr);
        }
    }).wait();

    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::injectVSync(nsecs_t when) {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
    const DisplayStatInfo stats = mScheduler->getDisplayStatInfo(when);
    const auto expectedPresent = calculateExpectedPresentTime(stats);
    return mScheduler->injectVSync(when, /*expectedVSyncTime=*/expectedPresent,
                                   /*deadlineTimestamp=*/expectedPresent)
            ? NO_ERROR
            : BAD_VALUE;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getLayerDebugInfo(std::vector<LayerDebugInfo>* outLayers) {
    outLayers->clear();
    schedule([=] {
        const auto display = ON_MAIN_THREAD(getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked());
        mDrawingState.traverseInZOrder([&](Layer* layer) {
            outLayers->push_back(layer->getLayerDebugInfo(display.get()));
        });
    }).wait();
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getCompositionPreference(
        Dataspace* outDataspace, ui::PixelFormat* outPixelFormat,
        Dataspace* outWideColorGamutDataspace,
        ui::PixelFormat* outWideColorGamutPixelFormat) const {
    *outDataspace = mDefaultCompositionDataspace;
    *outPixelFormat = defaultCompositionPixelFormat;
    *outWideColorGamutDataspace = mWideColorGamutCompositionDataspace;
    *outWideColorGamutPixelFormat = wideColorGamutCompositionPixelFormat;
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::addRegionSamplingListener(const Rect& samplingArea,
                                                   const sp<IBinder>& stopLayerHandle,
                                                   const sp<IRegionSamplingListener>& listener) {
    if (!listener || samplingArea == Rect::INVALID_RECT) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    const wp<Layer> stopLayer = fromHandle(stopLayerHandle);
    mRegionSamplingThread->addListener(samplingArea, stopLayer, listener);
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::removeRegionSamplingListener(const sp<IRegionSamplingListener>& listener) {
    if (!listener) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }
    mRegionSamplingThread->removeListener(listener);
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::addFpsListener(int32_t taskId, const sp<gui::IFpsListener>& listener) {
    if (!listener) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    mFpsReporter->addListener(listener, taskId);
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::removeFpsListener(const sp<gui::IFpsListener>& listener) {
    if (!listener) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }
    mFpsReporter->removeListener(listener);
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getDisplayBrightnessSupport(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                                     bool* outSupport) const {
    if (!displayToken || !outSupport) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    const auto displayId = getPhysicalDisplayIdLocked(displayToken);
    if (!displayId) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }
    *outSupport =
            getHwComposer().hasDisplayCapability(*displayId, hal::DisplayCapability::BRIGHTNESS);
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::setDisplayBrightness(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                              const gui::DisplayBrightness& brightness) {
    if (!displayToken) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    return ftl::chain(schedule([=]() MAIN_THREAD {
               if (const auto displayId = getPhysicalDisplayIdLocked(displayToken)) {
                   return getHwComposer().setDisplayBrightness(*displayId,
                                                               brightness.displayBrightness);
               } else {
                   ALOGE("%s: Invalid display token %p", __FUNCTION__, displayToken.get());
                   return ftl::yield<status_t>(NAME_NOT_FOUND);
               }
           }))
            .then([](std::future<status_t> task) { return task; })
            .get();
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::addHdrLayerInfoListener(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                                 const sp<gui::IHdrLayerInfoListener>& listener) {
    if (!displayToken) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
    if (!display) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }
    const auto displayId = display->getId();
    sp<HdrLayerInfoReporter>& hdrInfoReporter = mHdrLayerInfoListeners[displayId];
    if (!hdrInfoReporter) {
        hdrInfoReporter = sp<HdrLayerInfoReporter>::make();
    }
    hdrInfoReporter->addListener(listener);
    return OK;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::removeHdrLayerInfoListener(
        const sp<IBinder>& displayToken, const sp<gui::IHdrLayerInfoListener>& listener) {
    if (!displayToken) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
    if (!display) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }
    const auto displayId = display->getId();
    sp<HdrLayerInfoReporter>& hdrInfoReporter = mHdrLayerInfoListeners[displayId];
    if (hdrInfoReporter) {
        hdrInfoReporter->removeListener(listener);
    }
    return OK;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::notifyPowerBoost(int32_t boostId) {
    Boost powerBoost = static_cast<Boost>(boostId);

    if (powerBoost == Boost::INTERACTION) {
        mScheduler->notifyTouchEvent();
    }

    return NO_ERROR;
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

sp<IDisplayEventConnection> SurfaceFlinger::createDisplayEventConnection(
        ISurfaceComposer::VsyncSource vsyncSource,
        ISurfaceComposer::EventRegistrationFlags eventRegistration) {
    const auto& handle =
            vsyncSource == eVsyncSourceSurfaceFlinger ? mSfConnectionHandle : mAppConnectionHandle;

    return mScheduler->createDisplayEventConnection(handle, eventRegistration);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::signalTransaction() {
    mScheduler->resetIdleTimer();
    mPowerAdvisor.notifyDisplayUpdateImminent();
    mEventQueue->invalidate();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::signalLayerUpdate() {
    mScheduler->resetIdleTimer();
    mPowerAdvisor.notifyDisplayUpdateImminent();
    mEventQueue->invalidate();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::signalRefresh() {
    mRefreshPending = true;
    mEventQueue->refresh();
}

nsecs_t SurfaceFlinger::getVsyncPeriodFromHWC() const {
    if (const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked()) {
        return display->getVsyncPeriodFromHWC();
    }

    return 0;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onVsyncReceived(int32_t sequenceId, hal::HWDisplayId hwcDisplayId,
                                     int64_t timestamp,
                                     std::optional<hal::VsyncPeriodNanos> vsyncPeriod) {
    ATRACE_NAME("SF onVsync");

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
    // Ignore any vsyncs from a previous hardware composer.
    if (sequenceId != getBE().mComposerSequenceId) {
        return;
    }

    if (const auto displayId = getHwComposer().toPhysicalDisplayId(hwcDisplayId)) {
        auto token = getPhysicalDisplayTokenLocked(*displayId);
        auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(token);
        display->onVsync(timestamp);
    }

    if (!getHwComposer().onVsync(hwcDisplayId, timestamp)) {
        return;
    }

    if (hwcDisplayId != getHwComposer().getInternalHwcDisplayId()) {
        // For now, we don't do anything with external display vsyncs.
        return;
    }

    bool periodFlushed = false;
    mScheduler->addResyncSample(timestamp, vsyncPeriod, &periodFlushed);
    if (periodFlushed) {
        modulateVsync(&VsyncModulator::onRefreshRateChangeCompleted);
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::getCompositorTiming(CompositorTiming* compositorTiming) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(getBE().mCompositorTimingLock);
    *compositorTiming = getBE().mCompositorTiming;
}

bool SurfaceFlinger::isDisplayModeAllowed(DisplayModeId modeId) const {
    return mRefreshRateConfigs->isModeAllowed(modeId);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::changeRefreshRateLocked(const RefreshRate& refreshRate,
                                             Scheduler::ModeEvent event) {
    const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked();
    if (!display || mBootStage != BootStage::FINISHED) {
        return;
    }
    ATRACE_CALL();

    // Don't do any updating if the current fps is the same as the new one.
    if (!isDisplayModeAllowed(refreshRate.getModeId())) {
        ALOGV("Skipping mode %d as it is not part of allowed modes",
              refreshRate.getModeId().value());
        return;
    }

    setDesiredActiveMode({refreshRate.getModeId(), event});
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onHotplugReceived(int32_t sequenceId, hal::HWDisplayId hwcDisplayId,
                                       hal::Connection connection) {
    ALOGI("%s(%d, %" PRIu64 ", %s)", __FUNCTION__, sequenceId, hwcDisplayId,
          connection == hal::Connection::CONNECTED ? "connected" : "disconnected");

    // Ignore events that do not have the right sequenceId.
    if (sequenceId != getBE().mComposerSequenceId) {
        return;
    }

    // Only lock if we're not on the main thread. This function is normally
    // called on a hwbinder thread, but for the primary display it's called on
    // the main thread with the state lock already held, so don't attempt to
    // acquire it here.
    ConditionalLock lock(mStateLock, std::this_thread::get_id() != mMainThreadId);

    mPendingHotplugEvents.emplace_back(HotplugEvent{hwcDisplayId, connection});

    if (std::this_thread::get_id() == mMainThreadId) {
        // Process all pending hot plug events immediately if we are on the main thread.
        processDisplayHotplugEventsLocked();
    }

    setTransactionFlags(eDisplayTransactionNeeded);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onVsyncPeriodTimingChangedReceived(
        int32_t sequenceId, hal::HWDisplayId /*display*/,
        const hal::VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline& updatedTimeline) {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
    if (sequenceId != getBE().mComposerSequenceId) {
        return;
    }
    mScheduler->onNewVsyncPeriodChangeTimeline(updatedTimeline);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onSeamlessPossible(int32_t /*sequenceId*/, hal::HWDisplayId /*display*/) {
    // TODO(b/142753666): use constraints when calling to setActiveModeWithConstraints and
    // use this callback to know when to retry in case of SEAMLESS_NOT_POSSIBLE.
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onRefreshReceived(int sequenceId, hal::HWDisplayId /*hwcDisplayId*/) {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
    if (sequenceId != getBE().mComposerSequenceId) {
        return;
    }
    repaintEverythingForHWC();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::setVsyncEnabled(bool enabled) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    // On main thread to avoid race conditions with display power state.
    static_cast<void>(schedule([=]() MAIN_THREAD {
        mHWCVsyncPendingState = enabled ? hal::Vsync::ENABLE : hal::Vsync::DISABLE;

        if (const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked();
            display && display->isPoweredOn()) {
            getHwComposer().setVsyncEnabled(display->getPhysicalId(), mHWCVsyncPendingState);
        }
    }));
}

SurfaceFlinger::FenceWithFenceTime SurfaceFlinger::previousFrameFence() {
    // We are storing the last 2 present fences. If sf's phase offset is to be
    // woken up before the actual vsync but targeting the next vsync, we need to check
    // fence N-2
    return mVsyncModulator->getVsyncConfig().sfOffset > 0 ? mPreviousPresentFences[0]
                                                          : mPreviousPresentFences[1];
}

bool SurfaceFlinger::previousFramePending(int graceTimeMs) {
    ATRACE_CALL();
    const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& fence = previousFrameFence().fenceTime;

    if (fence == FenceTime::NO_FENCE) {
        return false;
    }

    const status_t status = fence->wait(graceTimeMs);
    // This is the same as Fence::Status::Unsignaled, but it saves a getStatus() call,
    // which calls wait(0) again internally
    return status == -ETIME;
}

nsecs_t SurfaceFlinger::previousFramePresentTime() {
    const std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& fence = previousFrameFence().fenceTime;

    if (fence == FenceTime::NO_FENCE) {
        return Fence::SIGNAL_TIME_INVALID;
    }

    return fence->getSignalTime();
}

nsecs_t SurfaceFlinger::calculateExpectedPresentTime(DisplayStatInfo stats) const {
    // Inflate the expected present time if we're targetting the next vsync.
    return mVsyncModulator->getVsyncConfig().sfOffset > 0 ? stats.vsyncTime
                                                          : stats.vsyncTime + stats.vsyncPeriod;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onMessageReceived(int32_t what, int64_t vsyncId, nsecs_t expectedVSyncTime) {
    const auto vsyncIn = [&] {
        if (!ATRACE_ENABLED()) return 0.f;
        return (expectedVSyncTime - systemTime()) / 1e6f;
    }();

    ATRACE_FORMAT("onMessageReceived %" PRId64 " vsyncIn %.2fms", vsyncId, vsyncIn);
    switch (what) {
        case MessageQueue::INVALIDATE: {
            onMessageInvalidate(vsyncId, expectedVSyncTime);
            break;
        }
        case MessageQueue::REFRESH: {
            onMessageRefresh();
            break;
        }
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onMessageInvalidate(int64_t vsyncId, nsecs_t expectedVSyncTime) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    const nsecs_t frameStart = systemTime();
    // calculate the expected present time once and use the cached
    // value throughout this frame to make sure all layers are
    // seeing this same value.
    if (expectedVSyncTime >= frameStart) {
        mExpectedPresentTime = expectedVSyncTime;
    } else {
        const DisplayStatInfo stats = mScheduler->getDisplayStatInfo(frameStart);
        mExpectedPresentTime = calculateExpectedPresentTime(stats);
    }

    const nsecs_t lastScheduledPresentTime = mScheduledPresentTime;
    mScheduledPresentTime = expectedVSyncTime;

    // When Backpressure propagation is enabled we want to give a small grace period
    // for the present fence to fire instead of just giving up on this frame to handle cases
    // where present fence is just about to get signaled.
    const int graceTimeForPresentFenceMs =
            (mPropagateBackpressureClientComposition || !mHadClientComposition) ? 1 : 0;

    // Pending frames may trigger backpressure propagation.
    const TracedOrdinal<bool> framePending = {"PrevFramePending",
                                              previousFramePending(graceTimeForPresentFenceMs)};

    // Frame missed counts for metrics tracking.
    // A frame is missed if the prior frame is still pending. If no longer pending,
    // then we still count the frame as missed if the predicted present time
    // was further in the past than when the fence actually fired.

    // Add some slop to correct for drift. This should generally be
    // smaller than a typical frame duration, but should not be so small
    // that it reports reasonable drift as a missed frame.
    const DisplayStatInfo stats = mScheduler->getDisplayStatInfo(systemTime());
    const nsecs_t frameMissedSlop = stats.vsyncPeriod / 2;
    const nsecs_t previousPresentTime = previousFramePresentTime();
    const TracedOrdinal<bool> frameMissed = {"PrevFrameMissed",
                                             framePending ||
                                                     (previousPresentTime >= 0 &&
                                                      (lastScheduledPresentTime <
                                                       previousPresentTime - frameMissedSlop))};
    const TracedOrdinal<bool> hwcFrameMissed = {"PrevHwcFrameMissed",
                                                mHadDeviceComposition && frameMissed};
    const TracedOrdinal<bool> gpuFrameMissed = {"PrevGpuFrameMissed",
                                                mHadClientComposition && frameMissed};

    if (frameMissed) {
        mFrameMissedCount++;
        mTimeStats->incrementMissedFrames();
    }

    if (hwcFrameMissed) {
        mHwcFrameMissedCount++;
    }

    if (gpuFrameMissed) {
        mGpuFrameMissedCount++;
    }

    // If we are in the middle of a mode change and the fence hasn't
    // fired yet just wait for the next invalidate
    if (mSetActiveModePending) {
        if (framePending) {
            mEventQueue->invalidate();
            return;
        }

        // We received the present fence from the HWC, so we assume it successfully updated
        // the mode, hence we update SF.
        mSetActiveModePending = false;
        ON_MAIN_THREAD(setActiveModeInternal());
    }

    if (framePending) {
        if ((hwcFrameMissed && !gpuFrameMissed) || mPropagateBackpressureClientComposition) {
            signalLayerUpdate();
            return;
        }
    }

    if (mTracingEnabledChanged) {
        mTracingEnabled = mTracing.isEnabled();
        mTracingEnabledChanged = false;
    }

    if (mRefreshRateOverlaySpinner) {
        if (Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock); mRefreshRateOverlay) {
            mRefreshRateOverlay->onInvalidate();
        }
    }

    bool refreshNeeded;
    {
        mTracePostComposition = mTracing.flagIsSet(SurfaceTracing::TRACE_COMPOSITION) ||
                mTracing.flagIsSet(SurfaceTracing::TRACE_SYNC) ||
                mTracing.flagIsSet(SurfaceTracing::TRACE_BUFFERS);
        const bool tracePreComposition = mTracingEnabled && !mTracePostComposition;
        ConditionalLockGuard<std::mutex> lock(mTracingLock, tracePreComposition);

        mFrameTimeline->setSfWakeUp(vsyncId, frameStart, Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(stats.vsyncPeriod));

        refreshNeeded = handleMessageTransaction();
        refreshNeeded |= handleMessageInvalidate();
        if (tracePreComposition) {
            if (mVisibleRegionsDirty) {
                mTracing.notifyLocked("visibleRegionsDirty");
            }
        }
    }

    // Layers need to get updated (in the previous line) before we can use them for
    // choosing the refresh rate.
    // Hold mStateLock as chooseRefreshRateForContent promotes wp<Layer> to sp<Layer>
    // and may eventually call to ~Layer() if it holds the last reference
    {
        Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
        mScheduler->chooseRefreshRateForContent();
    }

    ON_MAIN_THREAD(performSetActiveMode());

    updateCursorAsync();
    updateInputFlinger();

    refreshNeeded |= mRepaintEverything;
    if (refreshNeeded && CC_LIKELY(mBootStage != BootStage::BOOTLOADER)) {
        // Signal a refresh if a transaction modified the window state,
        // a new buffer was latched, or if HWC has requested a full
        // repaint
        if (mFrameStartTime <= 0) {
            // We should only use the time of the first invalidate
            // message that signals a refresh as the beginning of the
            // frame. Otherwise the real frame time will be
            // underestimated.
            mFrameStartTime = frameStart;
        }

        // Run the refresh immediately after invalidate as there is no point going thru the message
        // queue again, and to ensure that we actually refresh the screen instead of handling
        // other messages that were queued us already in the MessageQueue.
        mRefreshPending = true;
        onMessageRefresh();
    }
}

bool SurfaceFlinger::handleMessageTransaction() {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    if (getTransactionFlags(eTransactionFlushNeeded)) {
        flushTransactionQueues();
    }
    uint32_t transactionFlags = peekTransactionFlags();
    bool runHandleTransaction =
            ((transactionFlags & (~eTransactionFlushNeeded)) != 0) || mForceTraversal;

    if (runHandleTransaction) {
        handleTransaction(eTransactionMask);
    }

    if (transactionFlushNeeded()) {
        setTransactionFlags(eTransactionFlushNeeded);
    }

    return runHandleTransaction;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onMessageRefresh() {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    mRefreshPending = false;

    compositionengine::CompositionRefreshArgs refreshArgs;
    const auto& displays = ON_MAIN_THREAD(mDisplays);
    refreshArgs.outputs.reserve(displays.size());
    for (const auto& [_, display] : displays) {
        refreshArgs.outputs.push_back(display->getCompositionDisplay());
    }
    mDrawingState.traverseInZOrder([&refreshArgs](Layer* layer) {
        if (auto layerFE = layer->getCompositionEngineLayerFE())
            refreshArgs.layers.push_back(layerFE);
    });
    refreshArgs.layersWithQueuedFrames.reserve(mLayersWithQueuedFrames.size());
    for (auto layer : mLayersWithQueuedFrames) {
        if (auto layerFE = layer->getCompositionEngineLayerFE())
            refreshArgs.layersWithQueuedFrames.push_back(layerFE);
    }

    refreshArgs.repaintEverything = mRepaintEverything.exchange(false);
    refreshArgs.outputColorSetting = useColorManagement
            ? mDisplayColorSetting
            : compositionengine::OutputColorSetting::kUnmanaged;
    refreshArgs.colorSpaceAgnosticDataspace = mColorSpaceAgnosticDataspace;
    refreshArgs.forceOutputColorMode = mForceColorMode;

    refreshArgs.updatingOutputGeometryThisFrame = mVisibleRegionsDirty;
    refreshArgs.updatingGeometryThisFrame = mGeometryInvalid || mVisibleRegionsDirty;
    refreshArgs.blursAreExpensive = mBlursAreExpensive;
    refreshArgs.internalDisplayRotationFlags = DisplayDevice::getPrimaryDisplayRotationFlags();

    if (CC_UNLIKELY(mDrawingState.colorMatrixChanged)) {
        refreshArgs.colorTransformMatrix = mDrawingState.colorMatrix;
        mDrawingState.colorMatrixChanged = false;
    }

    refreshArgs.devOptForceClientComposition = mDebugDisableHWC || mDebugRegion;

    if (mDebugRegion != 0) {
        refreshArgs.devOptFlashDirtyRegionsDelay =
                std::chrono::milliseconds(mDebugRegion > 1 ? mDebugRegion : 0);
    }

    mGeometryInvalid = false;

    // Store the present time just before calling to the composition engine so we could notify
    // the scheduler.
    const auto presentTime = systemTime();

    mCompositionEngine->present(refreshArgs);
    mTimeStats->recordFrameDuration(mFrameStartTime, systemTime());
    // Reset the frame start time now that we've recorded this frame.
    mFrameStartTime = 0;

    mScheduler->onDisplayRefreshed(presentTime);

    postFrame();
    postComposition();

    const bool prevFrameHadClientComposition = mHadClientComposition;

    mHadClientComposition = std::any_of(displays.cbegin(), displays.cend(), [](const auto& pair) {
        const auto& state = pair.second->getCompositionDisplay()->getState();
        return state.usesClientComposition && !state.reusedClientComposition;
    });
    mHadDeviceComposition = std::any_of(displays.cbegin(), displays.cend(), [](const auto& pair) {
        const auto& state = pair.second->getCompositionDisplay()->getState();
        return state.usesDeviceComposition;
    });
    mReusedClientComposition =
            std::any_of(displays.cbegin(), displays.cend(), [](const auto& pair) {
                const auto& state = pair.second->getCompositionDisplay()->getState();
                return state.reusedClientComposition;
            });
    // Only report a strategy change if we move in and out of client composition
    if (prevFrameHadClientComposition != mHadClientComposition) {
        mTimeStats->incrementCompositionStrategyChanges();
    }

    // TODO: b/160583065 Enable skip validation when SF caches all client composition layers
    const bool usedGpuComposition = mHadClientComposition || mReusedClientComposition;
    modulateVsync(&VsyncModulator::onDisplayRefresh, usedGpuComposition);

    mLayersWithQueuedFrames.clear();
    if (mTracingEnabled && mTracePostComposition) {
        // This may block if SurfaceTracing is running in sync mode.
        if (mVisibleRegionsDirty) {
            mTracing.notify("visibleRegionsDirty");
        } else if (mTracing.flagIsSet(SurfaceTracing::TRACE_BUFFERS)) {
            mTracing.notify("bufferLatched");
        }
    }
    mVisibleRegionsDirty = false;

    if (mCompositionEngine->needsAnotherUpdate()) {
        signalLayerUpdate();
    }
}

bool SurfaceFlinger::handleMessageInvalidate() {
    ATRACE_CALL();
    bool refreshNeeded = handlePageFlip();

    if (mVisibleRegionsDirty) {
        computeLayerBounds();
    }

    for (auto& layer : mLayersPendingRefresh) {
        Region visibleReg;
        visibleReg.set(layer->getScreenBounds());
        invalidateLayerStack(layer, visibleReg);
    }
    mLayersPendingRefresh.clear();
    return refreshNeeded;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::updateCompositorTiming(const DisplayStatInfo& stats, nsecs_t compositeTime,
                                            std::shared_ptr<FenceTime>& presentFenceTime) {
    // Update queue of past composite+present times and determine the
    // most recently known composite to present latency.
    getBE().mCompositePresentTimes.push({compositeTime, presentFenceTime});
    nsecs_t compositeToPresentLatency = -1;
    while (!getBE().mCompositePresentTimes.empty()) {
        SurfaceFlingerBE::CompositePresentTime& cpt = getBE().mCompositePresentTimes.front();
        // Cached values should have been updated before calling this method,
        // which helps avoid duplicate syscalls.
        nsecs_t displayTime = cpt.display->getCachedSignalTime();
        if (displayTime == Fence::SIGNAL_TIME_PENDING) {
            break;
        }
        compositeToPresentLatency = displayTime - cpt.composite;
        getBE().mCompositePresentTimes.pop();
    }

    // Don't let mCompositePresentTimes grow unbounded, just in case.
    while (getBE().mCompositePresentTimes.size() > 16) {
        getBE().mCompositePresentTimes.pop();
    }

    setCompositorTimingSnapped(stats, compositeToPresentLatency);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::setCompositorTimingSnapped(const DisplayStatInfo& stats,
                                                nsecs_t compositeToPresentLatency) {
    // Integer division and modulo round toward 0 not -inf, so we need to
    // treat negative and positive offsets differently.
    nsecs_t idealLatency = (mVsyncConfiguration->getCurrentConfigs().late.sfOffset > 0)
            ? (stats.vsyncPeriod -
               (mVsyncConfiguration->getCurrentConfigs().late.sfOffset % stats.vsyncPeriod))
            : ((-mVsyncConfiguration->getCurrentConfigs().late.sfOffset) % stats.vsyncPeriod);

    // Just in case mVsyncConfiguration->getCurrentConfigs().late.sf == -vsyncInterval.
    if (idealLatency <= 0) {
        idealLatency = stats.vsyncPeriod;
    }

    // Snap the latency to a value that removes scheduling jitter from the
    // composition and present times, which often have >1ms of jitter.
    // Reducing jitter is important if an app attempts to extrapolate
    // something (such as user input) to an accurate diasplay time.
    // Snapping also allows an app to precisely calculate
    // mVsyncConfiguration->getCurrentConfigs().late.sf with (presentLatency % interval).
    nsecs_t bias = stats.vsyncPeriod / 2;
    int64_t extraVsyncs = (compositeToPresentLatency - idealLatency + bias) / stats.vsyncPeriod;
    nsecs_t snappedCompositeToPresentLatency =
            (extraVsyncs > 0) ? idealLatency + (extraVsyncs * stats.vsyncPeriod) : idealLatency;

    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(getBE().mCompositorTimingLock);
    getBE().mCompositorTiming.deadline = stats.vsyncTime - idealLatency;
    getBE().mCompositorTiming.interval = stats.vsyncPeriod;
    getBE().mCompositorTiming.presentLatency = snappedCompositeToPresentLatency;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::postComposition() {
    ATRACE_CALL();
    ALOGV("postComposition");

    const auto* display = ON_MAIN_THREAD(getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked()).get();

    getBE().mGlCompositionDoneTimeline.updateSignalTimes();
    std::shared_ptr<FenceTime> glCompositionDoneFenceTime;
    if (display && display->getCompositionDisplay()->getState().usesClientComposition) {
        glCompositionDoneFenceTime =
                std::make_shared<FenceTime>(display->getCompositionDisplay()
                                                    ->getRenderSurface()
                                                    ->getClientTargetAcquireFence());
        getBE().mGlCompositionDoneTimeline.push(glCompositionDoneFenceTime);
    } else {
        glCompositionDoneFenceTime = FenceTime::NO_FENCE;
    }

    getBE().mDisplayTimeline.updateSignalTimes();
    mPreviousPresentFences[1] = mPreviousPresentFences[0];
    mPreviousPresentFences[0].fence =
            display ? getHwComposer().getPresentFence(display->getPhysicalId()) : Fence::NO_FENCE;
    mPreviousPresentFences[0].fenceTime =
            std::make_shared<FenceTime>(mPreviousPresentFences[0].fence);

    getBE().mDisplayTimeline.push(mPreviousPresentFences[0].fenceTime);

    // Set presentation information before calling Layer::releasePendingBuffer, such that jank
    // information from previous' frame classification is already available when sending jank info
    // to clients, so they get jank classification as early as possible.
    mFrameTimeline->setSfPresent(systemTime(), mPreviousPresentFences[0].fenceTime,
                                 glCompositionDoneFenceTime);

    nsecs_t dequeueReadyTime = systemTime();
    for (const auto& layer : mLayersWithQueuedFrames) {
        layer->releasePendingBuffer(dequeueReadyTime);
    }

    const DisplayStatInfo stats = mScheduler->getDisplayStatInfo(systemTime());

    // We use the CompositionEngine::getLastFrameRefreshTimestamp() which might
    // be sampled a little later than when we started doing work for this frame,
    // but that should be okay since updateCompositorTiming has snapping logic.
    updateCompositorTiming(stats, mCompositionEngine->getLastFrameRefreshTimestamp(),
                           mPreviousPresentFences[0].fenceTime);
    CompositorTiming compositorTiming;
    {
        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(getBE().mCompositorTimingLock);
        compositorTiming = getBE().mCompositorTiming;
    }

    mDrawingState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) {
        const bool frameLatched =
                layer->onPostComposition(display, glCompositionDoneFenceTime,
                                         mPreviousPresentFences[0].fenceTime, compositorTiming);
        if (frameLatched) {
            recordBufferingStats(layer->getName(), layer->getOccupancyHistory(false));
        }
    });

    std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Display>, sp<HdrLayerInfoReporter>>>
            hdrInfoListeners;
    {
        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
        if (mFpsReporter) {
            mFpsReporter->dispatchLayerFps();
        }
        hdrInfoListeners.reserve(mHdrLayerInfoListeners.size());
        for (auto& [key, value] : mHdrLayerInfoListeners) {
            if (value && value->hasListeners()) {
                auto listenersDisplay = getDisplayById(key);
                if (listenersDisplay) {
                    hdrInfoListeners.emplace_back(listenersDisplay->getCompositionDisplay(), value);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    for (auto& [compositionDisplay, listener] : hdrInfoListeners) {
        HdrLayerInfoReporter::HdrLayerInfo info;
        int32_t maxArea = 0;
        mDrawingState.traverse([&, compositionDisplay = compositionDisplay](Layer* layer) {
            if (layer->isVisible() &&
                compositionDisplay->belongsInOutput(layer->getCompositionEngineLayerFE())) {
                bool isHdr = false;
                switch (layer->getDataSpace()) {
                    case ui::Dataspace::BT2020:
                    case ui::Dataspace::BT2020_HLG:
                    case ui::Dataspace::BT2020_PQ:
                    case ui::Dataspace::BT2020_ITU:
                    case ui::Dataspace::BT2020_ITU_HLG:
                    case ui::Dataspace::BT2020_ITU_PQ:
                        isHdr = true;
                        break;
                    default:
                        isHdr = false;
                        break;
                }

                if (isHdr) {
                    info.numberOfHdrLayers++;
                    auto bufferRect = layer->getCompositionState()->geomBufferSize;
                    int32_t area = bufferRect.width() * bufferRect.height();
                    if (area > maxArea) {
                        maxArea = area;
                        info.maxW = bufferRect.width();
                        info.maxH = bufferRect.height();
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        listener->dispatchHdrLayerInfo(info);
    }

    mTransactionCallbackInvoker.addPresentFence(mPreviousPresentFences[0].fence);
    mTransactionCallbackInvoker.sendCallbacks();

    if (display && display->isPrimary() && display->getPowerMode() == hal::PowerMode::ON &&
        mPreviousPresentFences[0].fenceTime->isValid()) {
        mScheduler->addPresentFence(mPreviousPresentFences[0].fenceTime);
    }

    const bool isDisplayConnected =
            display && getHwComposer().isConnected(display->getPhysicalId());

    if (!hasSyncFramework) {
        if (isDisplayConnected && display->isPoweredOn()) {
            mScheduler->enableHardwareVsync();
        }
    }

    if (mAnimCompositionPending) {
        mAnimCompositionPending = false;

        if (mPreviousPresentFences[0].fenceTime->isValid()) {
            mAnimFrameTracker.setActualPresentFence(mPreviousPresentFences[0].fenceTime);
        } else if (isDisplayConnected) {
            // The HWC doesn't support present fences, so use the refresh
            // timestamp instead.
            const nsecs_t presentTime = display->getRefreshTimestamp();
            mAnimFrameTracker.setActualPresentTime(presentTime);
        }
        mAnimFrameTracker.advanceFrame();
    }

    mTimeStats->incrementTotalFrames();
    if (mHadClientComposition) {
        mTimeStats->incrementClientCompositionFrames();
    }

    if (mReusedClientComposition) {
        mTimeStats->incrementClientCompositionReusedFrames();
    }

    mTimeStats->setPresentFenceGlobal(mPreviousPresentFences[0].fenceTime);

    const size_t sfConnections = mScheduler->getEventThreadConnectionCount(mSfConnectionHandle);
    const size_t appConnections = mScheduler->getEventThreadConnectionCount(mAppConnectionHandle);
    mTimeStats->recordDisplayEventConnectionCount(sfConnections + appConnections);

    if (isDisplayConnected && !display->isPoweredOn()) {
        return;
    }

    nsecs_t currentTime = systemTime();
    if (mHasPoweredOff) {
        mHasPoweredOff = false;
    } else {
        nsecs_t elapsedTime = currentTime - getBE().mLastSwapTime;
        size_t numPeriods = static_cast<size_t>(elapsedTime / stats.vsyncPeriod);
        if (numPeriods < SurfaceFlingerBE::NUM_BUCKETS - 1) {
            getBE().mFrameBuckets[numPeriods] += elapsedTime;
        } else {
            getBE().mFrameBuckets[SurfaceFlingerBE::NUM_BUCKETS - 1] += elapsedTime;
        }
        getBE().mTotalTime += elapsedTime;
    }
    getBE().mLastSwapTime = currentTime;

    // Cleanup any outstanding resources due to rendering a prior frame.
    getRenderEngine().cleanupPostRender();

    {
        std::lock_guard lock(mTexturePoolMutex);
        if (mTexturePool.size() < mTexturePoolSize) {
            const size_t refillCount = mTexturePoolSize - mTexturePool.size();
            const size_t offset = mTexturePool.size();
            mTexturePool.resize(mTexturePoolSize);
            getRenderEngine().genTextures(refillCount, mTexturePool.data() + offset);
            ATRACE_INT("TexturePoolSize", mTexturePool.size());
        } else if (mTexturePool.size() > mTexturePoolSize) {
            const size_t deleteCount = mTexturePool.size() - mTexturePoolSize;
            const size_t offset = mTexturePoolSize;
            getRenderEngine().deleteTextures(deleteCount, mTexturePool.data() + offset);
            mTexturePool.resize(mTexturePoolSize);
            ATRACE_INT("TexturePoolSize", mTexturePool.size());
        }
    }

    if (mLumaSampling && mRegionSamplingThread) {
        mRegionSamplingThread->notifyNewContent();
    }

    // Even though ATRACE_INT64 already checks if tracing is enabled, it doesn't prevent the
    // side-effect of getTotalSize(), so we check that again here
    if (ATRACE_ENABLED()) {
        // getTotalSize returns the total number of buffers that were allocated by SurfaceFlinger
        ATRACE_INT64("Total Buffer Size", GraphicBufferAllocator::get().getTotalSize());
    }
}

FloatRect SurfaceFlinger::getLayerClipBoundsForDisplay(const DisplayDevice& displayDevice) const {
    return displayDevice.getLayerStackSpaceRect().toFloatRect();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::computeLayerBounds() {
    for (const auto& pair : ON_MAIN_THREAD(mDisplays)) {
        const auto& displayDevice = pair.second;
        const auto display = displayDevice->getCompositionDisplay();
        for (const auto& layer : mDrawingState.layersSortedByZ) {
            // only consider the layers on the given layer stack
            if (!display->belongsInOutput(layer->getLayerStack(), layer->getPrimaryDisplayOnly())) {
                continue;
            }

            layer->computeBounds(getLayerClipBoundsForDisplay(*displayDevice), ui::Transform(),
                                 0.f /* shadowRadius */);
        }
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::postFrame() {
    const auto display = ON_MAIN_THREAD(getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked());
    if (display && getHwComposer().isConnected(display->getPhysicalId())) {
        uint32_t flipCount = display->getPageFlipCount();
        if (flipCount % LOG_FRAME_STATS_PERIOD == 0) {
            logFrameStats();
        }
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::handleTransaction(uint32_t transactionFlags) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    // here we keep a copy of the drawing state (that is the state that's
    // going to be overwritten by handleTransactionLocked()) outside of
    // mStateLock so that the side-effects of the State assignment
    // don't happen with mStateLock held (which can cause deadlocks).
    State drawingState(mDrawingState);

    Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
    mDebugInTransaction = systemTime();

    // Here we're guaranteed that some transaction flags are set
    // so we can call handleTransactionLocked() unconditionally.
    // We call getTransactionFlags(), which will also clear the flags,
    // with mStateLock held to guarantee that mCurrentState won't change
    // until the transaction is committed.

    modulateVsync(&VsyncModulator::onTransactionCommit);
    transactionFlags = getTransactionFlags(eTransactionMask);
    handleTransactionLocked(transactionFlags);

    mDebugInTransaction = 0;
    invalidateHwcGeometry();
    // here the transaction has been committed
}

void SurfaceFlinger::loadDisplayModes(PhysicalDisplayId displayId, DisplayModes& outModes,
                                      DisplayModePtr& outActiveMode) const {
    std::vector<HWComposer::HWCDisplayMode> hwcModes;
    std::optional<hal::HWDisplayId> activeModeHwcId;
    bool activeModeIsSupported;
    int attempt = 0;
    constexpr int kMaxAttempts = 3;
    do {
        hwcModes = getHwComposer().getModes(displayId);
        activeModeHwcId = getHwComposer().getActiveMode(displayId);
        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!activeModeHwcId, "HWC returned no active mode");

        activeModeIsSupported =
                std::any_of(hwcModes.begin(), hwcModes.end(),
                            [activeModeHwcId](const HWComposer::HWCDisplayMode& mode) {
                                return mode.hwcId == *activeModeHwcId;
                            });
    } while (!activeModeIsSupported && ++attempt < kMaxAttempts);
    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!activeModeIsSupported,
                        "After %d attempts HWC still returns an active mode which is not"
                        " supported. Active mode ID = %" PRIu64 " . Supported modes = %s",
                        kMaxAttempts, *activeModeHwcId, base::Join(hwcModes, ", ").c_str());

    DisplayModes oldModes;

    if (const auto token = getPhysicalDisplayTokenLocked(displayId)) {
        oldModes = getDisplayDeviceLocked(token)->getSupportedModes();
    }

    int largestUsedModeId = -1; // Use int instead of DisplayModeId for signedness
    for (const auto& mode : oldModes) {
        const auto id = static_cast<int>(mode->getId().value());
        if (id > largestUsedModeId) {
            largestUsedModeId = id;
        }
    }

    DisplayModes newModes;
    int32_t nextModeId = largestUsedModeId + 1;
    for (const auto& hwcMode : hwcModes) {
        newModes.push_back(DisplayMode::Builder(hwcMode.hwcId)
                                   .setId(DisplayModeId{nextModeId++})
                                   .setWidth(hwcMode.width)
                                   .setHeight(hwcMode.height)
                                   .setVsyncPeriod(hwcMode.vsyncPeriod)
                                   .setDpiX(hwcMode.dpiX)
                                   .setDpiY(hwcMode.dpiY)
                                   .setGroup(hwcMode.configGroup)
                                   .build());
    }

    const bool modesAreSame =
            std::equal(newModes.begin(), newModes.end(), oldModes.begin(), oldModes.end(),
                       [](DisplayModePtr left, DisplayModePtr right) {
                           return left->equalsExceptDisplayModeId(right);
                       });

    if (modesAreSame) {
        // The supported modes have not changed, keep the old IDs.
        outModes = oldModes;
    } else {
        outModes = newModes;
    }

    outActiveMode = *std::find_if(outModes.begin(), outModes.end(),
                                  [activeModeHwcId](const DisplayModePtr& mode) {
                                      return mode->getHwcId() == *activeModeHwcId;
                                  });
}

void SurfaceFlinger::processDisplayHotplugEventsLocked() {
    for (const auto& event : mPendingHotplugEvents) {
        std::optional<DisplayIdentificationInfo> info =
                getHwComposer().onHotplug(event.hwcDisplayId, event.connection);

        if (!info) {
            continue;
        }

        const auto displayId = info->id;
        const auto it = mPhysicalDisplayTokens.find(displayId);

        if (event.connection == hal::Connection::CONNECTED) {
            DisplayModes supportedModes;
            DisplayModePtr activeMode;
            loadDisplayModes(displayId, supportedModes, activeMode);

            if (it == mPhysicalDisplayTokens.end()) {
                ALOGV("Creating display %s", to_string(displayId).c_str());

                DisplayDeviceState state;
                state.physical = {.id = displayId,
                                  .type = getHwComposer().getDisplayConnectionType(displayId),
                                  .hwcDisplayId = event.hwcDisplayId,
                                  .deviceProductInfo = std::move(info->deviceProductInfo),
                                  .supportedModes = std::move(supportedModes),
                                  .activeMode = activeMode};
                state.isSecure = true; // All physical displays are currently considered secure.
                state.displayName = std::move(info->name);

                sp<IBinder> token = new BBinder();
                mCurrentState.displays.add(token, state);
                mPhysicalDisplayTokens.emplace(displayId, std::move(token));

                if (event.hwcDisplayId == getHwComposer().getInternalHwcDisplayId()) {
                    initScheduler(state);
                }

                mInterceptor->saveDisplayCreation(state);
            } else {
                ALOGV("Recreating display %s", to_string(displayId).c_str());

                const auto token = it->second;
                auto& state = mCurrentState.displays.editValueFor(token);
                state.sequenceId = DisplayDeviceState{}.sequenceId; // Generate new sequenceId
                state.physical->supportedModes = std::move(supportedModes);
                state.physical->activeMode = activeMode;
                if (getHwComposer().updatesDeviceProductInfoOnHotplugReconnect()) {
                    state.physical->deviceProductInfo = std::move(info->deviceProductInfo);
                }
            }
        } else {
            ALOGV("Removing display %s", to_string(displayId).c_str());

            const ssize_t index = mCurrentState.displays.indexOfKey(it->second);
            if (index >= 0) {
                const DisplayDeviceState& state = mCurrentState.displays.valueAt(index);
                mInterceptor->saveDisplayDeletion(state.sequenceId);
                mCurrentState.displays.removeItemsAt(index);
            }
            mPhysicalDisplayTokens.erase(it);
        }

        processDisplayChangesLocked();
    }

    mPendingHotplugEvents.clear();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dispatchDisplayHotplugEvent(PhysicalDisplayId displayId, bool connected) {
    ALOGI("Dispatching display hotplug event displayId=%s, connected=%d",
          to_string(displayId).c_str(), connected);
    mScheduler->onHotplugReceived(mAppConnectionHandle, displayId, connected);
    mScheduler->onHotplugReceived(mSfConnectionHandle, displayId, connected);
}

sp<DisplayDevice> SurfaceFlinger::setupNewDisplayDeviceInternal(
        const wp<IBinder>& displayToken,
        std::shared_ptr<compositionengine::Display> compositionDisplay,
        const DisplayDeviceState& state,
        const sp<compositionengine::DisplaySurface>& displaySurface,
        const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& producer) {
    DisplayDeviceCreationArgs creationArgs(this, getHwComposer(), displayToken, compositionDisplay);
    creationArgs.sequenceId = state.sequenceId;
    creationArgs.isSecure = state.isSecure;
    creationArgs.displaySurface = displaySurface;
    creationArgs.hasWideColorGamut = false;
    creationArgs.supportedPerFrameMetadata = 0;

    if (const auto& physical = state.physical) {
        creationArgs.connectionType = physical->type;
        creationArgs.supportedModes = physical->supportedModes;
    }

    if (const auto id = PhysicalDisplayId::tryCast(compositionDisplay->getId())) {
        creationArgs.isPrimary = id == getInternalDisplayIdLocked();

        if (useColorManagement) {
            std::vector<ColorMode> modes = getHwComposer().getColorModes(*id);
            for (ColorMode colorMode : modes) {
                if (isWideColorMode(colorMode)) {
                    creationArgs.hasWideColorGamut = true;
                }

                std::vector<RenderIntent> renderIntents =
                        getHwComposer().getRenderIntents(*id, colorMode);
                creationArgs.hwcColorModes.emplace(colorMode, renderIntents);
            }
        }
    }

    if (const auto id = HalDisplayId::tryCast(compositionDisplay->getId())) {
        getHwComposer().getHdrCapabilities(*id, &creationArgs.hdrCapabilities);
        creationArgs.supportedPerFrameMetadata = getHwComposer().getSupportedPerFrameMetadata(*id);
    }

    auto nativeWindowSurface = getFactory().createNativeWindowSurface(producer);
    auto nativeWindow = nativeWindowSurface->getNativeWindow();
    creationArgs.nativeWindow = nativeWindow;

    // Make sure that composition can never be stalled by a virtual display
    // consumer that isn't processing buffers fast enough. We have to do this
    // here, in case the display is composed entirely by HWC.
    if (state.isVirtual()) {
        nativeWindow->setSwapInterval(nativeWindow.get(), 0);
    }

    creationArgs.physicalOrientation =
            creationArgs.isPrimary ? internalDisplayOrientation : ui::ROTATION_0;

    // virtual displays are always considered enabled
    creationArgs.initialPowerMode = state.isVirtual() ? hal::PowerMode::ON : hal::PowerMode::OFF;

    sp<DisplayDevice> display = getFactory().createDisplayDevice(creationArgs);

    if (maxFrameBufferAcquiredBuffers >= 3) {
        nativeWindowSurface->preallocateBuffers();
    }

    ColorMode defaultColorMode = ColorMode::NATIVE;
    Dataspace defaultDataSpace = Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
    if (display->hasWideColorGamut()) {
        defaultColorMode = ColorMode::SRGB;
        defaultDataSpace = Dataspace::V0_SRGB;
    }
    display->getCompositionDisplay()->setColorProfile(
            compositionengine::Output::ColorProfile{defaultColorMode, defaultDataSpace,
                                                    RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC,
                                                    Dataspace::UNKNOWN});
    if (!state.isVirtual()) {
        display->setActiveMode(state.physical->activeMode->getId());
        display->setDeviceProductInfo(state.physical->deviceProductInfo);
    }

    display->setLayerStack(state.layerStack);
    display->setProjection(state.orientation, state.layerStackSpaceRect,
                           state.orientedDisplaySpaceRect);
    display->setDisplayName(state.displayName);

    return display;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::processDisplayAdded(const wp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                         const DisplayDeviceState& state) {
    ui::Size resolution(0, 0);
    ui::PixelFormat pixelFormat = static_cast<ui::PixelFormat>(PIXEL_FORMAT_UNKNOWN);
    if (state.physical) {
        resolution = state.physical->activeMode->getSize();
        pixelFormat = static_cast<ui::PixelFormat>(PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888);
    } else if (state.surface != nullptr) {
        int status = state.surface->query(NATIVE_WINDOW_WIDTH, &resolution.width);
        ALOGE_IF(status != NO_ERROR, "Unable to query width (%d)", status);
        status = state.surface->query(NATIVE_WINDOW_HEIGHT, &resolution.height);
        ALOGE_IF(status != NO_ERROR, "Unable to query height (%d)", status);
        int intPixelFormat;
        status = state.surface->query(NATIVE_WINDOW_FORMAT, &intPixelFormat);
        ALOGE_IF(status != NO_ERROR, "Unable to query format (%d)", status);
        pixelFormat = static_cast<ui::PixelFormat>(intPixelFormat);
    } else {
        // Virtual displays without a surface are dormant:
        // they have external state (layer stack, projection,
        // etc.) but no internal state (i.e. a DisplayDevice).
        return;
    }

    compositionengine::DisplayCreationArgsBuilder builder;
    if (const auto& physical = state.physical) {
        builder.setPhysical({physical->id, physical->type});
    }
    builder.setPixels(resolution);
    builder.setPixelFormat(pixelFormat);
    builder.setIsSecure(state.isSecure);
    builder.setLayerStackId(state.layerStack);
    builder.setPowerAdvisor(&mPowerAdvisor);
    builder.setUseHwcVirtualDisplays(mUseHwcVirtualDisplays);
    builder.setGpuVirtualDisplayIdGenerator(mGpuVirtualDisplayIdGenerator);
    builder.setName(state.displayName);
    const auto compositionDisplay = getCompositionEngine().createDisplay(builder.build());

    sp<compositionengine::DisplaySurface> displaySurface;
    sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> producer;
    sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> bqProducer;
    sp<IGraphicBufferConsumer> bqConsumer;
    getFactory().createBufferQueue(&bqProducer, &bqConsumer, /*consumerIsSurfaceFlinger =*/false);

    DisplayId displayId = compositionDisplay->getId();

    if (state.isVirtual()) {
        const auto virtualId = VirtualDisplayId::tryCast(displayId);
        LOG_FATAL_IF(!virtualId);
        sp<VirtualDisplaySurface> vds =
                new VirtualDisplaySurface(getHwComposer(), *virtualId, state.surface, bqProducer,
                                          bqConsumer, state.displayName);

        displaySurface = vds;
        producer = vds;
    } else {
        ALOGE_IF(state.surface != nullptr,
                 "adding a supported display, but rendering "
                 "surface is provided (%p), ignoring it",
                 state.surface.get());
        const auto physicalId = PhysicalDisplayId::tryCast(displayId);
        LOG_FATAL_IF(!physicalId);
        displaySurface = new FramebufferSurface(getHwComposer(), *physicalId, bqConsumer,
                                                state.physical->activeMode->getSize(),
                                                ui::Size(maxGraphicsWidth, maxGraphicsHeight));
        producer = bqProducer;
    }

    LOG_FATAL_IF(!displaySurface);
    const auto display = setupNewDisplayDeviceInternal(displayToken, compositionDisplay, state,
                                                       displaySurface, producer);
    mDisplays.emplace(displayToken, display);
    if (!state.isVirtual()) {
        dispatchDisplayHotplugEvent(display->getPhysicalId(), true);
    }

    if (display->isPrimary()) {
        mScheduler->onPrimaryDisplayAreaChanged(display->getWidth() * display->getHeight());
        getRenderEngine().onPrimaryDisplaySizeChanged(display->getSize());
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::processDisplayRemoved(const wp<IBinder>& displayToken) {
    auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
    if (display) {
        display->disconnect();
        if (!display->isVirtual()) {
            dispatchDisplayHotplugEvent(display->getPhysicalId(), false);
        }
    }

    mDisplays.erase(displayToken);

    if (display && display->isVirtual()) {
        static_cast<void>(schedule([display = std::move(display)] {
            // Destroy the display without holding the mStateLock.
            // This is a temporary solution until we can manage transaction queues without
            // holding the mStateLock.
            // With blast, the IGBP that is passed to the VirtualDisplaySurface is owned by the
            // client. When the IGBP is disconnected, its buffer cache in SF will be cleared
            // via SurfaceComposerClient::doUncacheBufferTransaction. This call from the client
            // ends up running on the main thread causing a deadlock since setTransactionstate
            // will try to acquire the mStateLock. Instead we extend the lifetime of
            // DisplayDevice and destroy it in the main thread without holding the mStateLock.
            // The display will be disconnected and removed from the mDisplays list so it will
            // not be accessible.
        }));
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::processDisplayChanged(const wp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                           const DisplayDeviceState& currentState,
                                           const DisplayDeviceState& drawingState) {
    const sp<IBinder> currentBinder = IInterface::asBinder(currentState.surface);
    const sp<IBinder> drawingBinder = IInterface::asBinder(drawingState.surface);
    if (currentBinder != drawingBinder || currentState.sequenceId != drawingState.sequenceId) {
        // changing the surface is like destroying and recreating the DisplayDevice
        getRenderEngine().cleanFramebufferCache();
        if (const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken)) {
            display->disconnect();
        }
        mDisplays.erase(displayToken);
        if (const auto& physical = currentState.physical) {
            getHwComposer().allocatePhysicalDisplay(physical->hwcDisplayId, physical->id);
        }
        processDisplayAdded(displayToken, currentState);
        if (currentState.physical) {
            const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
            setPowerModeInternal(display, hal::PowerMode::ON);

            // TODO(b/175678251) Call a listener instead.
            if (currentState.physical->hwcDisplayId == getHwComposer().getInternalHwcDisplayId()) {
                mRefreshRateConfigs->updateDisplayModes(currentState.physical->supportedModes,
                                                        currentState.physical->activeMode->getId());
                mVsyncConfiguration->reset();
                updatePhaseConfiguration(mRefreshRateConfigs->getCurrentRefreshRate().getFps());
                if (mRefreshRateOverlay) {
                    mRefreshRateOverlay->reset();
                }
            }
        }
        return;
    }

    if (const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken)) {
        if (currentState.layerStack != drawingState.layerStack) {
            display->setLayerStack(currentState.layerStack);
        }
        if ((currentState.orientation != drawingState.orientation) ||
            (currentState.layerStackSpaceRect != drawingState.layerStackSpaceRect) ||
            (currentState.orientedDisplaySpaceRect != drawingState.orientedDisplaySpaceRect)) {
            display->setProjection(currentState.orientation, currentState.layerStackSpaceRect,
                                   currentState.orientedDisplaySpaceRect);
        }
        if (currentState.width != drawingState.width ||
            currentState.height != drawingState.height) {
            display->setDisplaySize(currentState.width, currentState.height);

            if (display->isPrimary()) {
                mScheduler->onPrimaryDisplayAreaChanged(currentState.width * currentState.height);
            }

            if (mRefreshRateOverlay) {
                mRefreshRateOverlay->setViewport(display->getSize());
            }
        }
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::processDisplayChangesLocked() {
    // here we take advantage of Vector's copy-on-write semantics to
    // improve performance by skipping the transaction entirely when
    // know that the lists are identical
    const KeyedVector<wp<IBinder>, DisplayDeviceState>& curr(mCurrentState.displays);
    const KeyedVector<wp<IBinder>, DisplayDeviceState>& draw(mDrawingState.displays);
    if (!curr.isIdenticalTo(draw)) {
        mVisibleRegionsDirty = true;

        // find the displays that were removed
        // (ie: in drawing state but not in current state)
        // also handle displays that changed
        // (ie: displays that are in both lists)
        for (size_t i = 0; i < draw.size(); i++) {
            const wp<IBinder>& displayToken = draw.keyAt(i);
            const ssize_t j = curr.indexOfKey(displayToken);
            if (j < 0) {
                // in drawing state but not in current state
                processDisplayRemoved(displayToken);
            } else {
                // this display is in both lists. see if something changed.
                const DisplayDeviceState& currentState = curr[j];
                const DisplayDeviceState& drawingState = draw[i];
                processDisplayChanged(displayToken, currentState, drawingState);
            }
        }

        // find displays that were added
        // (ie: in current state but not in drawing state)
        for (size_t i = 0; i < curr.size(); i++) {
            const wp<IBinder>& displayToken = curr.keyAt(i);
            if (draw.indexOfKey(displayToken) < 0) {
                processDisplayAdded(displayToken, curr[i]);
            }
        }
    }

    mDrawingState.displays = mCurrentState.displays;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::handleTransactionLocked(uint32_t transactionFlags) {
    /*
     * Traversal of the children
     * (perform the transaction for each of them if needed)
     */

    if ((transactionFlags & eTraversalNeeded) || mForceTraversal) {
        mForceTraversal = false;
        mCurrentState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) {
            uint32_t trFlags = layer->getTransactionFlags(eTransactionNeeded);
            if (!trFlags) return;

            const uint32_t flags = layer->doTransaction(0);
            if (flags & Layer::eVisibleRegion)
                mVisibleRegionsDirty = true;

            if (flags & Layer::eInputInfoChanged) {
                mInputInfoChanged = true;
            }
        });
    }

    /*
     * Perform display own transactions if needed
     */

    if (transactionFlags & eDisplayTransactionNeeded) {
        processDisplayChangesLocked();
        processDisplayHotplugEventsLocked();
    }

    if (transactionFlags & (eTransformHintUpdateNeeded | eDisplayTransactionNeeded)) {
        // The transform hint might have changed for some layers
        // (either because a display has changed, or because a layer
        // as changed).
        //
        // Walk through all the layers in currentLayers,
        // and update their transform hint.
        //
        // If a layer is visible only on a single display, then that
        // display is used to calculate the hint, otherwise we use the
        // default display.
        //
        // NOTE: we do this here, rather than when presenting the display so that
        // the hint is set before we acquire a buffer from the surface texture.
        //
        // NOTE: layer transactions have taken place already, so we use their
        // drawing state. However, SurfaceFlinger's own transaction has not
        // happened yet, so we must use the current state layer list
        // (soon to become the drawing state list).
        //
        sp<const DisplayDevice> hintDisplay;
        uint32_t currentlayerStack = 0;
        bool first = true;
        mCurrentState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) REQUIRES(mStateLock) {
            // NOTE: we rely on the fact that layers are sorted by
            // layerStack first (so we don't have to traverse the list
            // of displays for every layer).
            uint32_t layerStack = layer->getLayerStack();
            if (first || currentlayerStack != layerStack) {
                currentlayerStack = layerStack;
                // figure out if this layerstack is mirrored
                // (more than one display) if so, pick the default display,
                // if not, pick the only display it's on.
                hintDisplay = nullptr;
                for (const auto& [token, display] : mDisplays) {
                    if (display->getCompositionDisplay()
                                ->belongsInOutput(layer->getLayerStack(),
                                                  layer->getPrimaryDisplayOnly())) {
                        if (hintDisplay) {
                            hintDisplay = nullptr;
                            break;
                        } else {
                            hintDisplay = display;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            if (!hintDisplay) {
                // NOTE: TEMPORARY FIX ONLY. Real fix should cause layers to
                // redraw after transform hint changes. See bug 8508397.

                // could be null when this layer is using a layerStack
                // that is not visible on any display. Also can occur at
                // screen off/on times.
                hintDisplay = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked();
            }

            // could be null if there is no display available at all to get
            // the transform hint from.
            if (hintDisplay) {
                layer->updateTransformHint(hintDisplay->getTransformHint());
            }

            first = false;
        });
    }

    /*
     * Perform our own transaction if needed
     */

    if (mLayersAdded) {
        mLayersAdded = false;
        // Layers have been added.
        mVisibleRegionsDirty = true;
    }

    // some layers might have been removed, so
    // we need to update the regions they're exposing.
    if (mLayersRemoved) {
        mLayersRemoved = false;
        mVisibleRegionsDirty = true;
        mDrawingState.traverseInZOrder([&](Layer* layer) {
            if (mLayersPendingRemoval.indexOf(layer) >= 0) {
                // this layer is not visible anymore
                Region visibleReg;
                visibleReg.set(layer->getScreenBounds());
                invalidateLayerStack(layer, visibleReg);
            }
        });
    }

    commitTransaction();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::updateInputFlinger() {
    ATRACE_CALL();
    if (!mInputFlinger) {
        return;
    }

    if (mVisibleRegionsDirty || mInputInfoChanged) {
        mInputInfoChanged = false;
        updateInputWindowInfo();
    } else if (mInputWindowCommands.syncInputWindows) {
        // If the caller requested to sync input windows, but there are no
        // changes to input windows, notify immediately.
        setInputWindowsFinished();
    }

    for (const auto& focusRequest : mInputWindowCommands.focusRequests) {
        mInputFlinger->setFocusedWindow(focusRequest);
    }
    mInputWindowCommands.clear();
}

bool enablePerWindowInputRotation() {
    static bool value =
            android::base::GetBoolProperty("persist.debug.per_window_input_rotation", false);
    return value;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::updateInputWindowInfo() {
    std::vector<InputWindowInfo> inputInfos;

    mDrawingState.traverseInReverseZOrder([&](Layer* layer) {
        if (!layer->needsInputInfo()) return;
        sp<DisplayDevice> display;
        if (enablePerWindowInputRotation()) {
            for (const auto& pair : ON_MAIN_THREAD(mDisplays)) {
                const auto& displayDevice = pair.second;
                if (!displayDevice->getCompositionDisplay()
                             ->belongsInOutput(layer->getLayerStack(),
                                               layer->getPrimaryDisplayOnly())) {
                    continue;
                }
                display = displayDevice;
            }
        }
        // When calculating the screen bounds we ignore the transparent region since it may
        // result in an unwanted offset.
        inputInfos.push_back(layer->fillInputInfo(display));
    });

    mInputFlinger->setInputWindows(inputInfos,
                               mInputWindowCommands.syncInputWindows ? mSetInputWindowsListener
                                                                     : nullptr);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::updateCursorAsync() {
    compositionengine::CompositionRefreshArgs refreshArgs;
    for (const auto& [_, display] : ON_MAIN_THREAD(mDisplays)) {
        if (HalDisplayId::tryCast(display->getId())) {
            refreshArgs.outputs.push_back(display->getCompositionDisplay());
        }
    }

    mCompositionEngine->updateCursorAsync(refreshArgs);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::changeRefreshRate(const RefreshRate& refreshRate, Scheduler::ModeEvent event) {
    // If this is called from the main thread mStateLock must be locked before
    // Currently the only way to call this function from the main thread is from
    // Scheduler::chooseRefreshRateForContent

    ConditionalLock lock(mStateLock, std::this_thread::get_id() != mMainThreadId);
    changeRefreshRateLocked(refreshRate, event);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::triggerOnFrameRateOverridesChanged() {
    PhysicalDisplayId displayId = [&]() {
        ConditionalLock lock(mStateLock, std::this_thread::get_id() != mMainThreadId);
        return getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked()->getPhysicalId();
    }();

    mScheduler->onFrameRateOverridesChanged(mAppConnectionHandle, displayId);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::initScheduler(const DisplayDeviceState& displayState) {
    if (mScheduler) {
        // In practice it's not allowed to hotplug in/out the primary display once it's been
        // connected during startup, but some tests do it, so just warn and return.
        ALOGW("Can't re-init scheduler");
        return;
    }
    const auto displayId = displayState.physical->id;
    mRefreshRateConfigs = std::make_unique<
            scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs>(displayState.physical->supportedModes,
                                           displayState.physical->activeMode->getId(),
                                           android::sysprop::enable_frame_rate_override(false));
    const auto currRefreshRate = displayState.physical->activeMode->getFps();
    mRefreshRateStats = std::make_unique<scheduler::RefreshRateStats>(*mTimeStats, currRefreshRate,
                                                                      hal::PowerMode::OFF);

    mVsyncConfiguration = getFactory().createVsyncConfiguration(currRefreshRate);
    mVsyncModulator.emplace(mVsyncConfiguration->getCurrentConfigs());

    // start the EventThread
    mScheduler = getFactory().createScheduler(*mRefreshRateConfigs, *this);
    const auto configs = mVsyncConfiguration->getCurrentConfigs();
    const nsecs_t vsyncPeriod = currRefreshRate.getPeriodNsecs();
    mAppConnectionHandle =
            mScheduler->createConnection("app", mFrameTimeline->getTokenManager(),
                                         /*workDuration=*/configs.late.appWorkDuration,
                                         /*readyDuration=*/configs.late.sfWorkDuration,
                                         impl::EventThread::InterceptVSyncsCallback());
    mSfConnectionHandle =
            mScheduler->createConnection("appSf", mFrameTimeline->getTokenManager(),
                                         /*workDuration=*/std::chrono::nanoseconds(vsyncPeriod),
                                         /*readyDuration=*/configs.late.sfWorkDuration,
                                         [this](nsecs_t timestamp) {
                                             mInterceptor->saveVSyncEvent(timestamp);
                                         });

    mEventQueue->initVsync(mScheduler->getVsyncDispatch(), *mFrameTimeline->getTokenManager(),
                           configs.late.sfWorkDuration);

    mRegionSamplingThread =
            new RegionSamplingThread(*this, *mScheduler,
                                     RegionSamplingThread::EnvironmentTimingTunables());
    mFpsReporter = new FpsReporter(*mFrameTimeline, *this);
    // Dispatch a mode change request for the primary display on scheduler
    // initialization, so that the EventThreads always contain a reference to a
    // prior configuration.
    //
    // This is a bit hacky, but this avoids a back-pointer into the main SF
    // classes from EventThread, and there should be no run-time binder cost
    // anyway since there are no connected apps at this point.
    mScheduler->onPrimaryDisplayModeChanged(mAppConnectionHandle, displayId,
                                            displayState.physical->activeMode->getId(),
                                            vsyncPeriod);
    static auto ignorePresentFences =
            base::GetBoolProperty("debug.sf.vsync_reactor_ignore_present_fences"s, false);
    mScheduler->setIgnorePresentFences(
            ignorePresentFences ||
            getHwComposer().hasCapability(hal::Capability::PRESENT_FENCE_IS_NOT_RELIABLE));
}

void SurfaceFlinger::updatePhaseConfiguration(const Fps& refreshRate) {
    mVsyncConfiguration->setRefreshRateFps(refreshRate);
    setVsyncConfig(mVsyncModulator->setVsyncConfigSet(mVsyncConfiguration->getCurrentConfigs()),
                   refreshRate.getPeriodNsecs());
}

void SurfaceFlinger::setVsyncConfig(const VsyncModulator::VsyncConfig& config,
                                    nsecs_t vsyncPeriod) {
    mScheduler->setDuration(mAppConnectionHandle,
                            /*workDuration=*/config.appWorkDuration,
                            /*readyDuration=*/config.sfWorkDuration);
    mScheduler->setDuration(mSfConnectionHandle,
                            /*workDuration=*/std::chrono::nanoseconds(vsyncPeriod),
                            /*readyDuration=*/config.sfWorkDuration);
    mEventQueue->setDuration(config.sfWorkDuration);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::commitTransaction() {
    commitTransactionLocked();
    signalSynchronousTransactions();
    mAnimTransactionPending = false;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::commitTransactionLocked() {
    if (!mLayersPendingRemoval.isEmpty()) {
        // Notify removed layers now that they can't be drawn from
        for (const auto& l : mLayersPendingRemoval) {
            recordBufferingStats(l->getName(), l->getOccupancyHistory(true));

            // Ensure any buffers set to display on any children are released.
            if (l->isRemovedFromCurrentState()) {
                l->latchAndReleaseBuffer();
            }

            // If the layer has been removed and has no parent, then it will not be reachable
            // when traversing layers on screen. Add the layer to the offscreenLayers set to
            // ensure we can copy its current to drawing state.
            if (!l->getParent()) {
                mOffscreenLayers.emplace(l.get());
            }
        }
        mLayersPendingRemoval.clear();
    }

    // If this transaction is part of a window animation then the next frame
    // we composite should be considered an animation as well.
    mAnimCompositionPending = mAnimTransactionPending;

    mDrawingState = mCurrentState;
    // clear the "changed" flags in current state
    mCurrentState.colorMatrixChanged = false;

    for (const auto& rootLayer : mDrawingState.layersSortedByZ) {
        rootLayer->commitChildList();
    }
    // TODO(b/163019109): See if this traversal is needed at all...
    if (!mOffscreenLayers.empty()) {
        mDrawingState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) {
            // If the layer can be reached when traversing mDrawingState, then the layer is no
            // longer offscreen. Remove the layer from the offscreenLayer set.
            if (mOffscreenLayers.count(layer)) {
                mOffscreenLayers.erase(layer);
            }
        });
    }

    commitOffscreenLayers();
    mDrawingState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) { layer->updateMirrorInfo(); });
}

void SurfaceFlinger::commitOffscreenLayers() {
    for (Layer* offscreenLayer : mOffscreenLayers) {
        offscreenLayer->traverse(LayerVector::StateSet::Drawing, [](Layer* layer) {
            uint32_t trFlags = layer->getTransactionFlags(eTransactionNeeded);
            if (!trFlags) return;

            layer->doTransaction(0);
            layer->commitChildList();
        });
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::invalidateLayerStack(const sp<const Layer>& layer, const Region& dirty) {
    for (const auto& [token, displayDevice] : ON_MAIN_THREAD(mDisplays)) {
        auto display = displayDevice->getCompositionDisplay();
        if (display->belongsInOutput(layer->getLayerStack(), layer->getPrimaryDisplayOnly())) {
            display->editState().dirtyRegion.orSelf(dirty);
        }
    }
}

bool SurfaceFlinger::handlePageFlip() {
    ATRACE_CALL();
    ALOGV("handlePageFlip");

    nsecs_t latchTime = systemTime();

    bool visibleRegions = false;
    bool frameQueued = false;
    bool newDataLatched = false;

    const nsecs_t expectedPresentTime = mExpectedPresentTime.load();

    // Store the set of layers that need updates. This set must not change as
    // buffers are being latched, as this could result in a deadlock.
    // Example: Two producers share the same command stream and:
    // 1.) Layer 0 is latched
    // 2.) Layer 0 gets a new frame
    // 2.) Layer 1 gets a new frame
    // 3.) Layer 1 is latched.
    // Display is now waiting on Layer 1's frame, which is behind layer 0's
    // second frame. But layer 0's second frame could be waiting on display.
    mDrawingState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) {
        if (layer->hasReadyFrame()) {
            frameQueued = true;
            if (layer->shouldPresentNow(expectedPresentTime)) {
                mLayersWithQueuedFrames.emplace(layer);
            } else {
                ATRACE_NAME("!layer->shouldPresentNow()");
                layer->useEmptyDamage();
            }
        } else {
            layer->useEmptyDamage();
        }
    });

    // The client can continue submitting buffers for offscreen layers, but they will not
    // be shown on screen. Therefore, we need to latch and release buffers of offscreen
    // layers to ensure dequeueBuffer doesn't block indefinitely.
    for (Layer* offscreenLayer : mOffscreenLayers) {
        offscreenLayer->traverse(LayerVector::StateSet::Drawing,
                                         [&](Layer* l) { l->latchAndReleaseBuffer(); });
    }

    if (!mLayersWithQueuedFrames.empty()) {
        // mStateLock is needed for latchBuffer as LayerRejecter::reject()
        // writes to Layer current state. See also b/119481871
        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

        for (const auto& layer : mLayersWithQueuedFrames) {
            if (layer->latchBuffer(visibleRegions, latchTime, expectedPresentTime)) {
                mLayersPendingRefresh.push_back(layer);
            }
            layer->useSurfaceDamage();
            if (layer->isBufferLatched()) {
                newDataLatched = true;
            }
        }
    }

    mVisibleRegionsDirty |= visibleRegions;

    // If we will need to wake up at some time in the future to deal with a
    // queued frame that shouldn't be displayed during this vsync period, wake
    // up during the next vsync period to check again.
    if (frameQueued && (mLayersWithQueuedFrames.empty() || !newDataLatched)) {
        signalLayerUpdate();
    }

    // enter boot animation on first buffer latch
    if (CC_UNLIKELY(mBootStage == BootStage::BOOTLOADER && newDataLatched)) {
        ALOGI("Enter boot animation");
        mBootStage = BootStage::BOOTANIMATION;
    }

    mDrawingState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) { layer->updateCloneBufferInfo(); });

    // Only continue with the refresh if there is actually new work to do
    return !mLayersWithQueuedFrames.empty() && newDataLatched;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::invalidateHwcGeometry() {
    mGeometryInvalid = true;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::addClientLayer(const sp<Client>& client, const sp<IBinder>& handle,
                                        const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& gbc, const sp<Layer>& lbc,
                                        const sp<IBinder>& parentHandle,
                                        const sp<Layer>& parentLayer, bool addToCurrentState,
                                        uint32_t* outTransformHint) {
    // add this layer to the current state list
    {
        Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
        sp<Layer> parent;
        if (parentHandle != nullptr) {
            parent = fromHandleLocked(parentHandle).promote();
            if (parent == nullptr) {
                return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
            }
        } else {
            parent = parentLayer;
        }

        if (mNumLayers >= ISurfaceComposer::MAX_LAYERS) {
            ALOGE("AddClientLayer failed, mNumLayers (%zu) >= MAX_LAYERS (%zu)", mNumLayers.load(),
                  ISurfaceComposer::MAX_LAYERS);
            return NO_MEMORY;
        }

        mLayersByLocalBinderToken.emplace(handle->localBinder(), lbc);

        if (parent == nullptr && addToCurrentState) {
            mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.add(lbc);
        } else if (parent == nullptr) {
            lbc->onRemovedFromCurrentState();
        } else if (parent->isRemovedFromCurrentState()) {
            parent->addChild(lbc);
            lbc->onRemovedFromCurrentState();
        } else {
            parent->addChild(lbc);
        }

        if (gbc != nullptr) {
            mGraphicBufferProducerList.insert(IInterface::asBinder(gbc).get());
            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mGraphicBufferProducerList.size() >
                                        mMaxGraphicBufferProducerListSize,
                                "Suspected IGBP leak: %zu IGBPs (%zu max), %zu Layers",
                                mGraphicBufferProducerList.size(),
                                mMaxGraphicBufferProducerListSize, mNumLayers.load());
            if (mGraphicBufferProducerList.size() > mGraphicBufferProducerListSizeLogThreshold) {
                ALOGW("Suspected IGBP leak: %zu IGBPs (%zu max), %zu Layers",
                      mGraphicBufferProducerList.size(), mMaxGraphicBufferProducerListSize,
                      mNumLayers.load());
            }
        }

        if (const auto token = getInternalDisplayTokenLocked()) {
            const ssize_t index = mCurrentState.displays.indexOfKey(token);
            if (index >= 0) {
                const DisplayDeviceState& state = mCurrentState.displays.valueAt(index);
                lbc->updateTransformHint(ui::Transform::toRotationFlags(state.orientation));
            }
        }
        if (outTransformHint) {
            *outTransformHint = lbc->getTransformHint();
        }

        mLayersAdded = true;
    }

    // attach this layer to the client
    client->attachLayer(handle, lbc);

    return NO_ERROR;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::removeGraphicBufferProducerAsync(const wp<IBinder>& binder) {
    static_cast<void>(schedule([=] {
        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
        mGraphicBufferProducerList.erase(binder);
    }));
}

uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::peekTransactionFlags() {
    return mTransactionFlags;
}

uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::getTransactionFlags(uint32_t flags) {
    return mTransactionFlags.fetch_and(~flags) & flags;
}

uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::setTransactionFlags(uint32_t flags) {
    return setTransactionFlags(flags, TransactionSchedule::Late);
}

uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::setTransactionFlags(uint32_t flags, TransactionSchedule schedule) {
    uint32_t old = mTransactionFlags.fetch_or(flags);
    modulateVsync(&VsyncModulator::setTransactionSchedule, schedule);
    if ((old & flags) == 0) signalTransaction();
    return old;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::setTraversalNeeded() {
    mForceTraversal = true;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::flushTransactionQueues() {
    // to prevent onHandleDestroyed from being called while the lock is held,
    // we must keep a copy of the transactions (specifically the composer
    // states) around outside the scope of the lock
    std::vector<const TransactionState> transactions;
    // Layer handles that have transactions with buffers that are ready to be applied.
    std::unordered_set<sp<IBinder>, ISurfaceComposer::SpHash<IBinder>> bufferLayersReadyToPresent;
    {
        Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
        {
            Mutex::Autolock _l(mQueueLock);
            // Collect transactions from pending transaction queue.
            auto it = mPendingTransactionQueues.begin();
            while (it != mPendingTransactionQueues.end()) {
                auto& [applyToken, transactionQueue] = *it;

                while (!transactionQueue.empty()) {
                    auto& transaction = transactionQueue.front();
                    if (!transactionIsReadyToBeApplied(transaction.frameTimelineInfo,
                                                       transaction.isAutoTimestamp,
                                                       transaction.desiredPresentTime,
                                                       transaction.originUid, transaction.states,
                                                       bufferLayersReadyToPresent)) {
                        setTransactionFlags(eTransactionFlushNeeded);
                        break;
                    }
                    transaction.traverseStatesWithBuffers([&](const layer_state_t& state) {
                        bufferLayersReadyToPresent.insert(state.surface);
                    });
                    transactions.emplace_back(std::move(transaction));
                    transactionQueue.pop();
                }

                if (transactionQueue.empty()) {
                    it = mPendingTransactionQueues.erase(it);
                    mTransactionQueueCV.broadcast();
                } else {
                    it = std::next(it, 1);
                }
            }

            // Collect transactions from current transaction queue or queue to pending transactions.
            // Case 1: push to pending when transactionIsReadyToBeApplied is false.
            // Case 2: push to pending when there exist a pending queue.
            // Case 3: others are ready to apply.
            while (!mTransactionQueue.empty()) {
                auto& transaction = mTransactionQueue.front();
                bool pendingTransactions = mPendingTransactionQueues.find(transaction.applyToken) !=
                        mPendingTransactionQueues.end();
                if (pendingTransactions ||
                    !transactionIsReadyToBeApplied(transaction.frameTimelineInfo,
                                                   transaction.isAutoTimestamp,
                                                   transaction.desiredPresentTime,
                                                   transaction.originUid, transaction.states,
                                                   bufferLayersReadyToPresent)) {
                    mPendingTransactionQueues[transaction.applyToken].push(std::move(transaction));
                } else {
                    transaction.traverseStatesWithBuffers([&](const layer_state_t& state) {
                        bufferLayersReadyToPresent.insert(state.surface);
                    });
                    transactions.emplace_back(std::move(transaction));
                }
                mTransactionQueue.pop();
                ATRACE_INT("TransactionQueue", mTransactionQueue.size());
            }
        }

        // Now apply all transactions.
        for (const auto& transaction : transactions) {
            applyTransactionState(transaction.frameTimelineInfo, transaction.states,
                                  transaction.displays, transaction.flags,
                                  transaction.inputWindowCommands, transaction.desiredPresentTime,
                                  transaction.isAutoTimestamp, transaction.buffer,
                                  transaction.postTime, transaction.permissions,
                                  transaction.hasListenerCallbacks, transaction.listenerCallbacks,
                                  transaction.originPid, transaction.originUid, transaction.id);
            if (transaction.transactionCommittedSignal) {
                mTransactionCommittedSignals.emplace_back(
                        std::move(transaction.transactionCommittedSignal));
            }
        }
    }
}

bool SurfaceFlinger::transactionFlushNeeded() {
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mQueueLock);
    return !mPendingTransactionQueues.empty() || !mTransactionQueue.empty();
}

bool SurfaceFlinger::frameIsEarly(nsecs_t expectedPresentTime, int64_t vsyncId) const {
    // The amount of time SF can delay a frame if it is considered early based
    // on the VsyncModulator::VsyncConfig::appWorkDuration
    constexpr static std::chrono::nanoseconds kEarlyLatchMaxThreshold = 100ms;

    const auto currentVsyncPeriod = mScheduler->getDisplayStatInfo(systemTime()).vsyncPeriod;
    const auto earlyLatchVsyncThreshold = currentVsyncPeriod / 2;

    const auto prediction = mFrameTimeline->getTokenManager()->getPredictionsForToken(vsyncId);
    if (!prediction.has_value()) {
        return false;
    }

    if (std::abs(prediction->presentTime - expectedPresentTime) >=
        kEarlyLatchMaxThreshold.count()) {
        return false;
    }

    return prediction->presentTime >= expectedPresentTime &&
            prediction->presentTime - expectedPresentTime >= earlyLatchVsyncThreshold;
}

bool SurfaceFlinger::transactionIsReadyToBeApplied(
        const FrameTimelineInfo& info, bool isAutoTimestamp, int64_t desiredPresentTime,
        uid_t originUid, const Vector<ComposerState>& states,
        const std::unordered_set<sp<IBinder>, ISurfaceComposer::SpHash<IBinder>>&
                bufferLayersReadyToPresent) const {
    ATRACE_CALL();
    const nsecs_t expectedPresentTime = mExpectedPresentTime.load();
    // Do not present if the desiredPresentTime has not passed unless it is more than one second
    // in the future. We ignore timestamps more than 1 second in the future for stability reasons.
    if (!isAutoTimestamp && desiredPresentTime >= expectedPresentTime &&
        desiredPresentTime < expectedPresentTime + s2ns(1)) {
        ATRACE_NAME("not current");
        return false;
    }

    if (!mScheduler->isVsyncValid(expectedPresentTime, originUid)) {
        ATRACE_NAME("!isVsyncValid");
        return false;
    }

    // If the client didn't specify desiredPresentTime, use the vsyncId to determine the expected
    // present time of this transaction.
    if (isAutoTimestamp && frameIsEarly(expectedPresentTime, info.vsyncId)) {
        ATRACE_NAME("frameIsEarly");
        return false;
    }

    for (const ComposerState& state : states) {
        const layer_state_t& s = state.state;
        const bool acquireFenceChanged = (s.what & layer_state_t::eAcquireFenceChanged);
        if (acquireFenceChanged && s.acquireFence &&
            s.acquireFence->getStatus() == Fence::Status::Unsignaled) {
            ATRACE_NAME("fence unsignaled");
            return false;
        }

        sp<Layer> layer = nullptr;
        if (s.surface) {
            layer = fromHandleLocked(s.surface).promote();
        } else if (s.hasBufferChanges()) {
            ALOGW("Transaction with buffer, but no Layer?");
            continue;
        }
        if (!layer) {
            continue;
        }

        ATRACE_NAME(layer->getName().c_str());

        if (s.hasBufferChanges()) {
            // If backpressure is enabled and we already have a buffer to commit, keep the
            // transaction in the queue.
            const bool hasPendingBuffer =
                    bufferLayersReadyToPresent.find(s.surface) != bufferLayersReadyToPresent.end();
            if (layer->backpressureEnabled() && hasPendingBuffer && isAutoTimestamp) {
                ATRACE_NAME("hasPendingBuffer");
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
    return true;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::queueTransaction(TransactionState& state) {
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mQueueLock);

    // If its TransactionQueue already has a pending TransactionState or if it is pending
    auto itr = mPendingTransactionQueues.find(state.applyToken);
    // if this is an animation frame, wait until prior animation frame has
    // been applied by SF
    if (state.flags & eAnimation) {
        while (itr != mPendingTransactionQueues.end()) {
            status_t err = mTransactionQueueCV.waitRelative(mQueueLock, s2ns(5));
            if (CC_UNLIKELY(err != NO_ERROR)) {
                ALOGW_IF(err == TIMED_OUT,
                         "setTransactionState timed out "
                         "waiting for animation frame to apply");
                break;
            }
            itr = mPendingTransactionQueues.find(state.applyToken);
        }
    }

    // Generate a CountDownLatch pending state if this is a synchronous transaction.
    if ((state.flags & eSynchronous) || state.inputWindowCommands.syncInputWindows) {
        state.transactionCommittedSignal = std::make_shared<CountDownLatch>(
                (state.inputWindowCommands.syncInputWindows ? 2 : 1));
    }

    mTransactionQueue.emplace(state);
    ATRACE_INT("TransactionQueue", mTransactionQueue.size());

    const auto schedule = [](uint32_t flags) {
        if (flags & eEarlyWakeupEnd) return TransactionSchedule::EarlyEnd;
        if (flags & eEarlyWakeupStart) return TransactionSchedule::EarlyStart;
        return TransactionSchedule::Late;
    }(state.flags);

    setTransactionFlags(eTransactionFlushNeeded, schedule);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::waitForSynchronousTransaction(
        const CountDownLatch& transactionCommittedSignal) {
    // applyTransactionState is called on the main SF thread.  While a given process may wish
    // to wait on synchronous transactions, the main SF thread should apply the transaction and
    // set the value to notify this after committed.
    if (!transactionCommittedSignal.wait_until(std::chrono::seconds(5))) {
        ALOGE("setTransactionState timed out!");
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::signalSynchronousTransactions() {
    for (auto it = mTransactionCommittedSignals.begin();
         it != mTransactionCommittedSignals.end();) {
        if ((*it)->countDown() == 0) {
            it = mTransactionCommittedSignals.erase(it);
        } else {
            it++;
        }
    }
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::setTransactionState(
        const FrameTimelineInfo& frameTimelineInfo, const Vector<ComposerState>& states,
        const Vector<DisplayState>& displays, uint32_t flags, const sp<IBinder>& applyToken,
        const InputWindowCommands& inputWindowCommands, int64_t desiredPresentTime,
        bool isAutoTimestamp, const client_cache_t& uncacheBuffer, bool hasListenerCallbacks,
        const std::vector<ListenerCallbacks>& listenerCallbacks, uint64_t transactionId) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    uint32_t permissions =
            callingThreadHasUnscopedSurfaceFlingerAccess() ? Permission::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER : 0;
    // Avoid checking for rotation permissions if the caller already has ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER
    // permissions.
    if ((permissions & Permission::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER) ||
        callingThreadHasRotateSurfaceFlingerAccess()) {
        permissions |= Permission::ROTATE_SURFACE_FLINGER;
    }

    if (!(permissions & Permission::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER) &&
        (flags & (eEarlyWakeupStart | eEarlyWakeupEnd))) {
        ALOGE("Only WindowManager is allowed to use eEarlyWakeup[Start|End] flags");
        flags &= ~(eEarlyWakeupStart | eEarlyWakeupEnd);
    }

    const int64_t postTime = systemTime();

    IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
    const int originPid = ipc->getCallingPid();
    const int originUid = ipc->getCallingUid();
    TransactionState state{frameTimelineInfo,  states,
                           displays,           flags,
                           applyToken,         inputWindowCommands,
                           desiredPresentTime, isAutoTimestamp,
                           uncacheBuffer,      postTime,
                           permissions,        hasListenerCallbacks,
                           listenerCallbacks,  originPid,
                           originUid,          transactionId};

    // Check for incoming buffer updates and increment the pending buffer count.
    state.traverseStatesWithBuffers([&](const layer_state_t& state) {
        mBufferCountTracker.increment(state.surface->localBinder());
    });
    queueTransaction(state);

    // Check the pending state to make sure the transaction is synchronous.
    if (state.transactionCommittedSignal) {
        waitForSynchronousTransaction(*state.transactionCommittedSignal);
    }

    return NO_ERROR;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::applyTransactionState(const FrameTimelineInfo& frameTimelineInfo,
                                           const Vector<ComposerState>& states,
                                           const Vector<DisplayState>& displays, uint32_t flags,
                                           const InputWindowCommands& inputWindowCommands,
                                           const int64_t desiredPresentTime, bool isAutoTimestamp,
                                           const client_cache_t& uncacheBuffer,
                                           const int64_t postTime, uint32_t permissions,
                                           bool hasListenerCallbacks,
                                           const std::vector<ListenerCallbacks>& listenerCallbacks,
                                           int originPid, int originUid, uint64_t transactionId) {
    uint32_t transactionFlags = 0;
    for (const DisplayState& display : displays) {
        transactionFlags |= setDisplayStateLocked(display);
    }

    // start and end registration for listeners w/ no surface so they can get their callback.  Note
    // that listeners with SurfaceControls will start registration during setClientStateLocked
    // below.
    for (const auto& listener : listenerCallbacks) {
        mTransactionCallbackInvoker.startRegistration(listener);
        mTransactionCallbackInvoker.endRegistration(listener);
    }

    std::unordered_set<ListenerCallbacks, ListenerCallbacksHash> listenerCallbacksWithSurfaces;
    uint32_t clientStateFlags = 0;
    for (const ComposerState& state : states) {
        clientStateFlags |=
                setClientStateLocked(frameTimelineInfo, state, desiredPresentTime, isAutoTimestamp,
                                     postTime, permissions, listenerCallbacksWithSurfaces);
        if ((flags & eAnimation) && state.state.surface) {
            if (const auto layer = fromHandleLocked(state.state.surface).promote(); layer) {
                mScheduler->recordLayerHistory(layer.get(),
                                               isAutoTimestamp ? 0 : desiredPresentTime,
                                               LayerHistory::LayerUpdateType::AnimationTX);
            }
        }
    }

    for (const auto& listenerCallback : listenerCallbacksWithSurfaces) {
        mTransactionCallbackInvoker.endRegistration(listenerCallback);
    }

    // If the state doesn't require a traversal and there are callbacks, send them now
    if (!(clientStateFlags & eTraversalNeeded) && hasListenerCallbacks) {
        mTransactionCallbackInvoker.sendCallbacks();
    }
    transactionFlags |= clientStateFlags;

    if (permissions & Permission::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER) {
        transactionFlags |= addInputWindowCommands(inputWindowCommands);
    } else if (!inputWindowCommands.empty()) {
        ALOGE("Only privileged callers are allowed to send input commands.");
    }

    if (uncacheBuffer.isValid()) {
        ClientCache::getInstance().erase(uncacheBuffer);
    }

    // If a synchronous transaction is explicitly requested without any changes, force a transaction
    // anyway. This can be used as a flush mechanism for previous async transactions.
    // Empty animation transaction can be used to simulate back-pressure, so also force a
    // transaction for empty animation transactions.
    if (transactionFlags == 0 &&
            ((flags & eSynchronous) || (flags & eAnimation))) {
        transactionFlags = eTransactionNeeded;
    }

    if (transactionFlags) {
        if (mInterceptor->isEnabled()) {
            mInterceptor->saveTransaction(states, mCurrentState.displays, displays, flags,
                                          originPid, originUid, transactionId);
        }

        // We are on the main thread, we are about to preform a traversal. Clear the traversal bit
        // so we don't have to wake up again next frame to preform an unnecessary traversal.
        if (transactionFlags & eTraversalNeeded) {
            transactionFlags = transactionFlags & (~eTraversalNeeded);
            mForceTraversal = true;
        }
        if (transactionFlags) {
            setTransactionFlags(transactionFlags);
        }

        if (flags & eAnimation) {
            mAnimTransactionPending = true;
        }
    }
}

uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::setDisplayStateLocked(const DisplayState& s) {
    const ssize_t index = mCurrentState.displays.indexOfKey(s.token);
    if (index < 0) return 0;

    uint32_t flags = 0;
    DisplayDeviceState& state = mCurrentState.displays.editValueAt(index);

    const uint32_t what = s.what;
    if (what & DisplayState::eSurfaceChanged) {
        if (IInterface::asBinder(state.surface) != IInterface::asBinder(s.surface)) {
            state.surface = s.surface;
            flags |= eDisplayTransactionNeeded;
        }
    }
    if (what & DisplayState::eLayerStackChanged) {
        if (state.layerStack != s.layerStack) {
            state.layerStack = s.layerStack;
            flags |= eDisplayTransactionNeeded;
        }
    }
    if (what & DisplayState::eDisplayProjectionChanged) {
        if (state.orientation != s.orientation) {
            state.orientation = s.orientation;
            flags |= eDisplayTransactionNeeded;
        }
        if (state.orientedDisplaySpaceRect != s.orientedDisplaySpaceRect) {
            state.orientedDisplaySpaceRect = s.orientedDisplaySpaceRect;
            flags |= eDisplayTransactionNeeded;
        }
        if (state.layerStackSpaceRect != s.layerStackSpaceRect) {
            state.layerStackSpaceRect = s.layerStackSpaceRect;
            flags |= eDisplayTransactionNeeded;
        }
    }
    if (what & DisplayState::eDisplaySizeChanged) {
        if (state.width != s.width) {
            state.width = s.width;
            flags |= eDisplayTransactionNeeded;
        }
        if (state.height != s.height) {
            state.height = s.height;
            flags |= eDisplayTransactionNeeded;
        }
    }

    return flags;
}

bool SurfaceFlinger::callingThreadHasUnscopedSurfaceFlingerAccess(bool usePermissionCache) {
    IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
    const int pid = ipc->getCallingPid();
    const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();
    if ((uid != AID_GRAPHICS && uid != AID_SYSTEM) &&
        (usePermissionCache ? !PermissionCache::checkPermission(sAccessSurfaceFlinger, pid, uid)
                            : !checkPermission(sAccessSurfaceFlinger, pid, uid))) {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::setClientStateLocked(
        const FrameTimelineInfo& frameTimelineInfo, const ComposerState& composerState,
        int64_t desiredPresentTime, bool isAutoTimestamp, int64_t postTime, uint32_t permissions,
        std::unordered_set<ListenerCallbacks, ListenerCallbacksHash>& listenerCallbacks) {
    const layer_state_t& s = composerState.state;
    const bool privileged = permissions & Permission::ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER;
    for (auto& listener : s.listeners) {
        // note that startRegistration will not re-register if the listener has
        // already be registered for a prior surface control
        mTransactionCallbackInvoker.startRegistration(listener);
        listenerCallbacks.insert(listener);
    }

    sp<Layer> layer = nullptr;
    if (s.surface) {
        layer = fromHandleLocked(s.surface).promote();
    } else {
        // The client may provide us a null handle. Treat it as if the layer was removed.
        ALOGW("Attempt to set client state with a null layer handle");
    }
    if (layer == nullptr) {
        for (auto& [listener, callbackIds] : s.listeners) {
            mTransactionCallbackInvoker.registerUnpresentedCallbackHandle(
                    new CallbackHandle(listener, callbackIds, s.surface));
        }
        return 0;
    }

    uint32_t flags = 0;

    const uint64_t what = s.what;

    // Only set by BLAST adapter layers
    if (what & layer_state_t::eProducerDisconnect) {
        layer->onDisconnect();
    }

    if (what & layer_state_t::ePositionChanged) {
        if (layer->setPosition(s.x, s.y)) {
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
        }
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eLayerChanged) {
        // NOTE: index needs to be calculated before we update the state
        const auto& p = layer->getParent();
        if (p == nullptr) {
            ssize_t idx = mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.indexOf(layer);
            if (layer->setLayer(s.z) && idx >= 0) {
                mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.removeAt(idx);
                mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.add(layer);
                // we need traversal (state changed)
                // AND transaction (list changed)
                flags |= eTransactionNeeded|eTraversalNeeded;
            }
        } else {
            if (p->setChildLayer(layer, s.z)) {
                flags |= eTransactionNeeded|eTraversalNeeded;
            }
        }
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eRelativeLayerChanged) {
        // NOTE: index needs to be calculated before we update the state
        const auto& p = layer->getParent();
        const auto& relativeHandle = s.relativeLayerSurfaceControl ?
                s.relativeLayerSurfaceControl->getHandle() : nullptr;
        if (p == nullptr) {
            ssize_t idx = mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.indexOf(layer);
            if (layer->setRelativeLayer(relativeHandle, s.z) &&
                idx >= 0) {
                mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.removeAt(idx);
                mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.add(layer);
                // we need traversal (state changed)
                // AND transaction (list changed)
                flags |= eTransactionNeeded|eTraversalNeeded;
            }
        } else {
            if (p->setChildRelativeLayer(layer, relativeHandle, s.z)) {
                flags |= eTransactionNeeded|eTraversalNeeded;
            }
        }
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eSizeChanged) {
        if (layer->setSize(s.w, s.h)) {
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
        }
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eAlphaChanged) {
        if (layer->setAlpha(s.alpha))
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eColorChanged) {
        if (layer->setColor(s.color))
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eColorTransformChanged) {
        if (layer->setColorTransform(s.colorTransform)) {
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
        }
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eBackgroundColorChanged) {
        if (layer->setBackgroundColor(s.color, s.bgColorAlpha, s.bgColorDataspace)) {
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
        }
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eMatrixChanged) {
        // TODO: b/109894387
        //
        // SurfaceFlinger's renderer is not prepared to handle cropping in the face of arbitrary
        // rotation. To see the problem observe that if we have a square parent, and a child
        // of the same size, then we rotate the child 45 degrees around it's center, the child
        // must now be cropped to a non rectangular 8 sided region.
        //
        // Of course we can fix this in the future. For now, we are lucky, SurfaceControl is
        // private API, and arbitrary rotation is used in limited use cases, for instance:
        // - WindowManager only uses rotation in one case, which is on a top level layer in which
        //   cropping is not an issue.
        // - Launcher, as a privileged app, uses this to transition an application to PiP
        //   (picture-in-picture) mode.
        //
        // However given that abuse of rotation matrices could lead to surfaces extending outside
        // of cropped areas, we need to prevent non-root clients without permission
        // ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER nor ROTATE_SURFACE_FLINGER
        // (a.k.a. everyone except WindowManager / tests / Launcher) from setting non rectangle
        // preserving transformations.
        const bool allowNonRectPreservingTransforms =
                permissions & Permission::ROTATE_SURFACE_FLINGER;
        if (layer->setMatrix(s.matrix, allowNonRectPreservingTransforms)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eTransparentRegionChanged) {
        if (layer->setTransparentRegionHint(s.transparentRegion))
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eFlagsChanged) {
        if (layer->setFlags(s.flags, s.mask))
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eCornerRadiusChanged) {
        if (layer->setCornerRadius(s.cornerRadius))
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eBackgroundBlurRadiusChanged && !mDisableBlurs && mSupportsBlur) {
        if (layer->setBackgroundBlurRadius(s.backgroundBlurRadius)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eBlurRegionsChanged) {
        if (layer->setBlurRegions(s.blurRegions)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eLayerStackChanged) {
        ssize_t idx = mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.indexOf(layer);
        // We only allow setting layer stacks for top level layers,
        // everything else inherits layer stack from its parent.
        if (layer->hasParent()) {
            ALOGE("Attempt to set layer stack on layer with parent (%s) is invalid",
                  layer->getDebugName());
        } else if (idx < 0) {
            ALOGE("Attempt to set layer stack on layer without parent (%s) that "
                  "that also does not appear in the top level layer list. Something"
                  " has gone wrong.",
                  layer->getDebugName());
        } else if (layer->setLayerStack(s.layerStack)) {
            mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.removeAt(idx);
            mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.add(layer);
            // we need traversal (state changed)
            // AND transaction (list changed)
            flags |= eTransactionNeeded | eTraversalNeeded | eTransformHintUpdateNeeded;
        }
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eTransformChanged) {
        if (layer->setTransform(s.transform)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eTransformToDisplayInverseChanged) {
        if (layer->setTransformToDisplayInverse(s.transformToDisplayInverse))
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eCropChanged) {
        if (layer->setCrop(s.crop)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eAcquireFenceChanged) {
        if (layer->setAcquireFence(s.acquireFence)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eDataspaceChanged) {
        if (layer->setDataspace(s.dataspace)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eHdrMetadataChanged) {
        if (layer->setHdrMetadata(s.hdrMetadata)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eSurfaceDamageRegionChanged) {
        if (layer->setSurfaceDamageRegion(s.surfaceDamageRegion)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eApiChanged) {
        if (layer->setApi(s.api)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eSidebandStreamChanged) {
        if (layer->setSidebandStream(s.sidebandStream)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eInputInfoChanged) {
        if (privileged) {
            layer->setInputInfo(*s.inputHandle->getInfo());
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
        } else {
            ALOGE("Attempt to update InputWindowInfo without permission ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER");
        }
    }
    std::optional<nsecs_t> dequeueBufferTimestamp;
    if (what & layer_state_t::eMetadataChanged) {
        dequeueBufferTimestamp = s.metadata.getInt64(METADATA_DEQUEUE_TIME);
        if (layer->setMetadata(s.metadata)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eColorSpaceAgnosticChanged) {
        if (layer->setColorSpaceAgnostic(s.colorSpaceAgnostic)) {
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
        }
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eShadowRadiusChanged) {
        if (layer->setShadowRadius(s.shadowRadius)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eFrameRateSelectionPriority) {
        if (privileged && layer->setFrameRateSelectionPriority(s.frameRateSelectionPriority)) {
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
        }
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eFrameRateChanged) {
        if (ValidateFrameRate(s.frameRate, s.frameRateCompatibility, s.changeFrameRateStrategy,
                              "SurfaceFlinger::setClientStateLocked", privileged)) {
            const auto compatibility =
                    Layer::FrameRate::convertCompatibility(s.frameRateCompatibility);
            const auto strategy =
                    Layer::FrameRate::convertChangeFrameRateStrategy(s.changeFrameRateStrategy);

            if (layer->setFrameRate(Layer::FrameRate(Fps(s.frameRate), compatibility, strategy))) {
                flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
            }
        }
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eFixedTransformHintChanged) {
        if (layer->setFixedTransformHint(s.fixedTransformHint)) {
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded | eTransformHintUpdateNeeded;
        }
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eAutoRefreshChanged) {
        layer->setAutoRefresh(s.autoRefresh);
    }
    if (what & layer_state_t::eStretchChanged) {
        if (layer->setStretchEffect(s.stretchEffect)) {
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
        }
    }
    // This has to happen after we reparent children because when we reparent to null we remove
    // child layers from current state and remove its relative z. If the children are reparented in
    // the same transaction, then we have to make sure we reparent the children first so we do not
    // lose its relative z order.
    if (what & layer_state_t::eReparent) {
        bool hadParent = layer->hasParent();
        auto parentHandle = (s.parentSurfaceControlForChild)
                ? s.parentSurfaceControlForChild->getHandle()
                : nullptr;
        if (layer->reparent(parentHandle)) {
            if (!hadParent) {
                mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.remove(layer);
            }
            flags |= eTransactionNeeded | eTraversalNeeded;
        }
    }
    std::vector<sp<CallbackHandle>> callbackHandles;
    if ((what & layer_state_t::eHasListenerCallbacksChanged) && (!s.listeners.empty())) {
        for (auto& [listener, callbackIds] : s.listeners) {
            callbackHandles.emplace_back(new CallbackHandle(listener, callbackIds, s.surface));
        }
    }
    bool bufferChanged = what & layer_state_t::eBufferChanged;
    bool cacheIdChanged = what & layer_state_t::eCachedBufferChanged;
    std::shared_ptr<renderengine::ExternalTexture> buffer;
    if (bufferChanged && cacheIdChanged && s.buffer != nullptr) {
        ClientCache::getInstance().add(s.cachedBuffer, s.buffer);
        buffer = ClientCache::getInstance().get(s.cachedBuffer);
    } else if (cacheIdChanged) {
        buffer = ClientCache::getInstance().get(s.cachedBuffer);
    } else if (bufferChanged) {
        buffer = std::make_shared<
                renderengine::ExternalTexture>(s.buffer, getRenderEngine(),
                                               renderengine::ExternalTexture::Usage::READABLE);
    }
    if (buffer) {
        const bool frameNumberChanged = what & layer_state_t::eFrameNumberChanged;
        const uint64_t frameNumber = frameNumberChanged
                ? s.frameNumber
                : layer->getHeadFrameNumber(-1 /* expectedPresentTime */) + 1;

        if (layer->setBuffer(buffer, s.acquireFence, postTime, desiredPresentTime, isAutoTimestamp,
                             s.cachedBuffer, frameNumber, dequeueBufferTimestamp, frameTimelineInfo,
                             s.releaseBufferListener)) {
            flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
        }
    } else if (frameTimelineInfo.vsyncId != FrameTimelineInfo::INVALID_VSYNC_ID) {
        layer->setFrameTimelineVsyncForBufferlessTransaction(frameTimelineInfo, postTime);
    }

    if (layer->setTransactionCompletedListeners(callbackHandles)) flags |= eTraversalNeeded;
    // Do not put anything that updates layer state or modifies flags after
    // setTransactionCompletedListener
    return flags;
}

uint32_t SurfaceFlinger::addInputWindowCommands(const InputWindowCommands& inputWindowCommands) {
    bool hasChanges = mInputWindowCommands.merge(inputWindowCommands);
    return hasChanges ? eTraversalNeeded : 0;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::mirrorLayer(const sp<Client>& client, const sp<IBinder>& mirrorFromHandle,
                                     sp<IBinder>* outHandle, int32_t* outLayerId) {
    if (!mirrorFromHandle) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }

    sp<Layer> mirrorLayer;
    sp<Layer> mirrorFrom;
    std::string uniqueName = getUniqueLayerName("MirrorRoot");

    {
        Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
        mirrorFrom = fromHandleLocked(mirrorFromHandle).promote();
        if (!mirrorFrom) {
            return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
        }

        status_t result = createContainerLayer(client, std::move(uniqueName), -1, -1, 0,
                                               LayerMetadata(), outHandle, &mirrorLayer);
        if (result != NO_ERROR) {
            return result;
        }

        mirrorLayer->mClonedChild = mirrorFrom->createClone();
    }

    *outLayerId = mirrorLayer->sequence;
    return addClientLayer(client, *outHandle, nullptr, mirrorLayer, nullptr, nullptr, false,
                          nullptr /* outTransformHint */);
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::createLayer(const String8& name, const sp<Client>& client, uint32_t w,
                                     uint32_t h, PixelFormat format, uint32_t flags,
                                     LayerMetadata metadata, sp<IBinder>* handle,
                                     sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>* gbp,
                                     const sp<IBinder>& parentHandle, int32_t* outLayerId,
                                     const sp<Layer>& parentLayer, uint32_t* outTransformHint) {
    if (int32_t(w|h) < 0) {
        ALOGE("createLayer() failed, w or h is negative (w=%d, h=%d)",
                int(w), int(h));
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    ALOG_ASSERT(parentLayer == nullptr || parentHandle == nullptr,
            "Expected only one of parentLayer or parentHandle to be non-null. "
            "Programmer error?");

    status_t result = NO_ERROR;

    sp<Layer> layer;

    std::string uniqueName = getUniqueLayerName(name.string());

    switch (flags & ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceMask) {
        case ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceBufferQueue:
        case ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceBufferState: {
            result = createBufferStateLayer(client, std::move(uniqueName), w, h, flags,
                                            std::move(metadata), handle, &layer);
            std::atomic<int32_t>* pendingBufferCounter = layer->getPendingBufferCounter();
            if (pendingBufferCounter) {
                std::string counterName = layer->getPendingBufferCounterName();
                mBufferCountTracker.add((*handle)->localBinder(), counterName,
                                        pendingBufferCounter);
            }
        } break;
        case ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceEffect:
            // check if buffer size is set for color layer.
            if (w > 0 || h > 0) {
                ALOGE("createLayer() failed, w or h cannot be set for color layer (w=%d, h=%d)",
                      int(w), int(h));
                return BAD_VALUE;
            }

            result = createEffectLayer(client, std::move(uniqueName), w, h, flags,
                                       std::move(metadata), handle, &layer);
            break;
        case ISurfaceComposerClient::eFXSurfaceContainer:
            // check if buffer size is set for container layer.
            if (w > 0 || h > 0) {
                ALOGE("createLayer() failed, w or h cannot be set for container layer (w=%d, h=%d)",
                      int(w), int(h));
                return BAD_VALUE;
            }
            result = createContainerLayer(client, std::move(uniqueName), w, h, flags,
                                          std::move(metadata), handle, &layer);
            break;
        default:
            result = BAD_VALUE;
            break;
    }

    if (result != NO_ERROR) {
        return result;
    }

    bool addToCurrentState = callingThreadHasUnscopedSurfaceFlingerAccess();
    result = addClientLayer(client, *handle, *gbp, layer, parentHandle, parentLayer,
                            addToCurrentState, outTransformHint);
    if (result != NO_ERROR) {
        return result;
    }
    mInterceptor->saveSurfaceCreation(layer);

    setTransactionFlags(eTransactionNeeded);
    *outLayerId = layer->sequence;
    return result;
}

std::string SurfaceFlinger::getUniqueLayerName(const char* name) {
    unsigned dupeCounter = 0;

    // Tack on our counter whether there is a hit or not, so everyone gets a tag
    std::string uniqueName = base::StringPrintf("%s#%u", name, dupeCounter);

    // Grab the state lock since we're accessing mCurrentState
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    // Loop over layers until we're sure there is no matching name
    bool matchFound = true;
    while (matchFound) {
        matchFound = false;
        mCurrentState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) {
            if (layer->getName() == uniqueName) {
                matchFound = true;
                uniqueName = base::StringPrintf("%s#%u", name, ++dupeCounter);
            }
        });
    }

    ALOGV_IF(dupeCounter > 0, "duplicate layer name: changing %s to %s", name, uniqueName.c_str());
    return uniqueName;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::createBufferQueueLayer(const sp<Client>& client, std::string name,
                                                uint32_t w, uint32_t h, uint32_t flags,
                                                LayerMetadata metadata, PixelFormat& format,
                                                sp<IBinder>* handle,
                                                sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>* gbp,
                                                sp<Layer>* outLayer) {
    // initialize the surfaces
    switch (format) {
    case PIXEL_FORMAT_TRANSPARENT:
    case PIXEL_FORMAT_TRANSLUCENT:
        format = PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888;
        break;
    case PIXEL_FORMAT_OPAQUE:
        format = PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBX_8888;
        break;
    }

    sp<BufferQueueLayer> layer;
    LayerCreationArgs args(this, client, std::move(name), w, h, flags, std::move(metadata));
    args.textureName = getNewTexture();
    {
        // Grab the SF state lock during this since it's the only safe way to access
        // RenderEngine when creating a BufferLayerConsumer
        // TODO: Check if this lock is still needed here
        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
        layer = getFactory().createBufferQueueLayer(args);
    }

    status_t err = layer->setDefaultBufferProperties(w, h, format);
    if (err == NO_ERROR) {
        *handle = layer->getHandle();
        *gbp = layer->getProducer();
        *outLayer = layer;
    }

    ALOGE_IF(err, "createBufferQueueLayer() failed (%s)", strerror(-err));
    return err;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::createBufferStateLayer(const sp<Client>& client, std::string name,
                                                uint32_t w, uint32_t h, uint32_t flags,
                                                LayerMetadata metadata, sp<IBinder>* handle,
                                                sp<Layer>* outLayer) {
    LayerCreationArgs args(this, client, std::move(name), w, h, flags, std::move(metadata));
    args.textureName = getNewTexture();
    sp<BufferStateLayer> layer;
    {
        // TODO (b/173538294): Investigate why we need mStateLock here and above in
        // createBufferQueue layer. Is it the renderengine::Image?
        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
        layer = getFactory().createBufferStateLayer(args);

    }
    *handle = layer->getHandle();
    *outLayer = layer;

    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::createEffectLayer(const sp<Client>& client, std::string name, uint32_t w,
                                           uint32_t h, uint32_t flags, LayerMetadata metadata,
                                           sp<IBinder>* handle, sp<Layer>* outLayer) {
    *outLayer = getFactory().createEffectLayer(
            {this, client, std::move(name), w, h, flags, std::move(metadata)});
    *handle = (*outLayer)->getHandle();
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::createContainerLayer(const sp<Client>& client, std::string name,
                                              uint32_t w, uint32_t h, uint32_t flags,
                                              LayerMetadata metadata, sp<IBinder>* handle,
                                              sp<Layer>* outLayer) {
    *outLayer = getFactory().createContainerLayer(
            {this, client, std::move(name), w, h, flags, std::move(metadata)});
    *handle = (*outLayer)->getHandle();
    return NO_ERROR;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::markLayerPendingRemovalLocked(const sp<Layer>& layer) {
    mLayersPendingRemoval.add(layer);
    mLayersRemoved = true;
    setTransactionFlags(eTransactionNeeded);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onHandleDestroyed(sp<Layer>& layer) {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
    // If a layer has a parent, we allow it to out-live it's handle
    // with the idea that the parent holds a reference and will eventually
    // be cleaned up. However no one cleans up the top-level so we do so
    // here.
    if (layer->getParent() == nullptr) {
        mCurrentState.layersSortedByZ.remove(layer);
    }
    markLayerPendingRemovalLocked(layer);

    auto it = mLayersByLocalBinderToken.begin();
    while (it != mLayersByLocalBinderToken.end()) {
        if (it->second == layer) {
            mBufferCountTracker.remove(it->first->localBinder());
            it = mLayersByLocalBinderToken.erase(it);
        } else {
            it++;
        }
    }

    layer.clear();
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

void SurfaceFlinger::onInitializeDisplays() {
    const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked();
    if (!display) return;

    const sp<IBinder> token = display->getDisplayToken().promote();
    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(token == nullptr);

    // reset screen orientation and use primary layer stack
    Vector<ComposerState> state;
    Vector<DisplayState> displays;
    DisplayState d;
    d.what = DisplayState::eDisplayProjectionChanged |
             DisplayState::eLayerStackChanged;
    d.token = token;
    d.layerStack = 0;
    d.orientation = ui::ROTATION_0;
    d.orientedDisplaySpaceRect.makeInvalid();
    d.layerStackSpaceRect.makeInvalid();
    d.width = 0;
    d.height = 0;
    displays.add(d);

    // It should be on the main thread, apply it directly.
    applyTransactionState(FrameTimelineInfo{}, state, displays, 0, mInputWindowCommands,
                          systemTime(), true, {}, systemTime(), true, false, {}, getpid(), getuid(),
                          0 /* Undefined transactionId */);

    setPowerModeInternal(display, hal::PowerMode::ON);
    const nsecs_t vsyncPeriod = mRefreshRateConfigs->getCurrentRefreshRate().getVsyncPeriod();
    mAnimFrameTracker.setDisplayRefreshPeriod(vsyncPeriod);

    // Use phase of 0 since phase is not known.
    // Use latency of 0, which will snap to the ideal latency.
    DisplayStatInfo stats{0 /* vsyncTime */, vsyncPeriod};
    setCompositorTimingSnapped(stats, 0);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::initializeDisplays() {
    // Async since we may be called from the main thread.
    static_cast<void>(schedule([this]() MAIN_THREAD { onInitializeDisplays(); }));
}

void SurfaceFlinger::setPowerModeInternal(const sp<DisplayDevice>& display, hal::PowerMode mode) {
    if (display->isVirtual()) {
        ALOGE("%s: Invalid operation on virtual display", __FUNCTION__);
        return;
    }

    const auto displayId = display->getPhysicalId();
    ALOGD("Setting power mode %d on display %s", mode, to_string(displayId).c_str());

    const hal::PowerMode currentMode = display->getPowerMode();
    if (mode == currentMode) {
        return;
    }

    display->setPowerMode(mode);

    if (mInterceptor->isEnabled()) {
        mInterceptor->savePowerModeUpdate(display->getSequenceId(), static_cast<int32_t>(mode));
    }
    const auto vsyncPeriod = mRefreshRateConfigs->getCurrentRefreshRate().getVsyncPeriod();
    if (currentMode == hal::PowerMode::OFF) {
        if (SurfaceFlinger::setSchedFifo(true) != NO_ERROR) {
            ALOGW("Couldn't set SCHED_FIFO on display on: %s\n", strerror(errno));
        }
        getHwComposer().setPowerMode(displayId, mode);
        if (display->isPrimary() && mode != hal::PowerMode::DOZE_SUSPEND) {
            getHwComposer().setVsyncEnabled(displayId, mHWCVsyncPendingState);
            mScheduler->onScreenAcquired(mAppConnectionHandle);
            mScheduler->resyncToHardwareVsync(true, vsyncPeriod);
        }

        mVisibleRegionsDirty = true;
        mHasPoweredOff = true;
        repaintEverything();
    } else if (mode == hal::PowerMode::OFF) {
        // Turn off the display
        if (SurfaceFlinger::setSchedFifo(false) != NO_ERROR) {
            ALOGW("Couldn't set SCHED_OTHER on display off: %s\n", strerror(errno));
        }
        if (display->isPrimary() && currentMode != hal::PowerMode::DOZE_SUSPEND) {
            mScheduler->disableHardwareVsync(true);
            mScheduler->onScreenReleased(mAppConnectionHandle);
        }

        // Make sure HWVsync is disabled before turning off the display
        getHwComposer().setVsyncEnabled(displayId, hal::Vsync::DISABLE);

        getHwComposer().setPowerMode(displayId, mode);
        mVisibleRegionsDirty = true;
        // from this point on, SF will stop drawing on this display
    } else if (mode == hal::PowerMode::DOZE || mode == hal::PowerMode::ON) {
        // Update display while dozing
        getHwComposer().setPowerMode(displayId, mode);
        if (display->isPrimary() && currentMode == hal::PowerMode::DOZE_SUSPEND) {
            mScheduler->onScreenAcquired(mAppConnectionHandle);
            mScheduler->resyncToHardwareVsync(true, vsyncPeriod);
        }
    } else if (mode == hal::PowerMode::DOZE_SUSPEND) {
        // Leave display going to doze
        if (display->isPrimary()) {
            mScheduler->disableHardwareVsync(true);
            mScheduler->onScreenReleased(mAppConnectionHandle);
        }
        getHwComposer().setPowerMode(displayId, mode);
    } else {
        ALOGE("Attempting to set unknown power mode: %d\n", mode);
        getHwComposer().setPowerMode(displayId, mode);
    }

    if (display->isPrimary()) {
        mTimeStats->setPowerMode(mode);
        mRefreshRateStats->setPowerMode(mode);
        mScheduler->setDisplayPowerState(mode == hal::PowerMode::ON);
    }

    ALOGD("Finished setting power mode %d on display %s", mode, to_string(displayId).c_str());
}

void SurfaceFlinger::setPowerMode(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken, int mode) {
    schedule([=]() MAIN_THREAD {
        const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
        if (!display) {
            ALOGE("Attempt to set power mode %d for invalid display token %p", mode,
                  displayToken.get());
        } else if (display->isVirtual()) {
            ALOGW("Attempt to set power mode %d for virtual display", mode);
        } else {
            setPowerModeInternal(display, static_cast<hal::PowerMode>(mode));
        }
    }).wait();
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::doDump(int fd, const DumpArgs& args, bool asProto) {
    std::string result;

    IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
    const int pid = ipc->getCallingPid();
    const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();

    if ((uid != AID_SHELL) &&
            !PermissionCache::checkPermission(sDump, pid, uid)) {
        StringAppendF(&result, "Permission Denial: can't dump SurfaceFlinger from pid=%d, uid=%d\n",
                      pid, uid);
    } else {
        static const std::unordered_map<std::string, Dumper> dumpers = {
                {"--display-id"s, dumper(&SurfaceFlinger::dumpDisplayIdentificationData)},
                {"--dispsync"s, dumper([this](std::string& s) { mScheduler->dumpVsync(s); })},
                {"--edid"s, argsDumper(&SurfaceFlinger::dumpRawDisplayIdentificationData)},
                {"--frame-events"s, dumper(&SurfaceFlinger::dumpFrameEventsLocked)},
                {"--latency"s, argsDumper(&SurfaceFlinger::dumpStatsLocked)},
                {"--latency-clear"s, argsDumper(&SurfaceFlinger::clearStatsLocked)},
                {"--list"s, dumper(&SurfaceFlinger::listLayersLocked)},
                {"--planner"s, argsDumper(&SurfaceFlinger::dumpPlannerInfo)},
                {"--static-screen"s, dumper(&SurfaceFlinger::dumpStaticScreenStats)},
                {"--timestats"s, protoDumper(&SurfaceFlinger::dumpTimeStats)},
                {"--vsync"s, dumper(&SurfaceFlinger::dumpVSync)},
                {"--wide-color"s, dumper(&SurfaceFlinger::dumpWideColorInfo)},
                {"--frametimeline"s, argsDumper(&SurfaceFlinger::dumpFrameTimeline)},
        };

        const auto flag = args.empty() ? ""s : std::string(String8(args[0]));

        bool dumpLayers = true;
        {
            TimedLock lock(mStateLock, s2ns(1), __FUNCTION__);
            if (!lock.locked()) {
                StringAppendF(&result, "Dumping without lock after timeout: %s (%d)\n",
                              strerror(-lock.status), lock.status);
            }

            if (const auto it = dumpers.find(flag); it != dumpers.end()) {
                (it->second)(args, asProto, result);
                dumpLayers = false;
            } else if (!asProto) {
                dumpAllLocked(args, result);
            }
        }

        if (dumpLayers) {
            const LayersProto layersProto = dumpProtoFromMainThread();
            if (asProto) {
                result.append(layersProto.SerializeAsString());
            } else {
                // Dump info that we need to access from the main thread
                const auto layerTree = LayerProtoParser::generateLayerTree(layersProto);
                result.append(LayerProtoParser::layerTreeToString(layerTree));
                result.append("\n");
                dumpOffscreenLayers(result);
            }
        }
    }
    write(fd, result.c_str(), result.size());
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::dumpCritical(int fd, const DumpArgs&, bool asProto) {
    if (asProto && mTracing.isEnabled()) {
        mTracing.writeToFile();
    }

    return doDump(fd, DumpArgs(), asProto);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::listLayersLocked(std::string& result) const {
    mCurrentState.traverseInZOrder(
            [&](Layer* layer) { StringAppendF(&result, "%s\n", layer->getDebugName()); });
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpStatsLocked(const DumpArgs& args, std::string& result) const {
    StringAppendF(&result, "%" PRId64 "\n", getVsyncPeriodFromHWC());

    if (args.size() > 1) {
        const auto name = String8(args[1]);
        mCurrentState.traverseInZOrder([&](Layer* layer) {
            if (layer->getName() == name.string()) {
                layer->dumpFrameStats(result);
            }
        });
    } else {
        mAnimFrameTracker.dumpStats(result);
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::clearStatsLocked(const DumpArgs& args, std::string&) {
    const bool clearAll = args.size() < 2;
    const auto name = clearAll ? String8() : String8(args[1]);

    mCurrentState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) {
        if (clearAll || layer->getName() == name.string()) {
            layer->clearFrameStats();
        }
    });

    mAnimFrameTracker.clearStats();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpTimeStats(const DumpArgs& args, bool asProto, std::string& result) const {
    mTimeStats->parseArgs(asProto, args, result);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpFrameTimeline(const DumpArgs& args, std::string& result) const {
    mFrameTimeline->parseArgs(args, result);
}

// This should only be called from the main thread.  Otherwise it would need
// the lock and should use mCurrentState rather than mDrawingState.
void SurfaceFlinger::logFrameStats() {
    mDrawingState.traverse([&](Layer* layer) {
        layer->logFrameStats();
    });

    mAnimFrameTracker.logAndResetStats("<win-anim>");
}

void SurfaceFlinger::appendSfConfigString(std::string& result) const {
    result.append(" [sf");

    StringAppendF(&result, " PRESENT_TIME_OFFSET=%" PRId64, dispSyncPresentTimeOffset);
    StringAppendF(&result, " FORCE_HWC_FOR_RBG_TO_YUV=%d", useHwcForRgbToYuv);
    StringAppendF(&result, " MAX_VIRT_DISPLAY_DIM=%" PRIu64, maxVirtualDisplaySize);
    StringAppendF(&result, " RUNNING_WITHOUT_SYNC_FRAMEWORK=%d", !hasSyncFramework);
    StringAppendF(&result, " NUM_FRAMEBUFFER_SURFACE_BUFFERS=%" PRId64,
                  maxFrameBufferAcquiredBuffers);
    result.append("]");
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpVSync(std::string& result) const {
    mScheduler->dump(result);

    mRefreshRateStats->dump(result);
    result.append("\n");

    mVsyncConfiguration->dump(result);
    StringAppendF(&result,
                  "      present offset: %9" PRId64 " ns\t     VSYNC period: %9" PRId64 " ns\n\n",
                  dispSyncPresentTimeOffset, getVsyncPeriodFromHWC());

    mRefreshRateConfigs->dump(result);

    StringAppendF(&result, "(mode override by backdoor: %s)\n\n",
                  mDebugDisplayModeSetByBackdoor ? "yes" : "no");

    mScheduler->dump(mAppConnectionHandle, result);
    mScheduler->dumpVsync(result);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpPlannerInfo(const DumpArgs& args, std::string& result) const {
    for (const auto& [token, display] : mDisplays) {
        const auto compositionDisplay = display->getCompositionDisplay();
        compositionDisplay->dumpPlannerInfo(args, result);
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpStaticScreenStats(std::string& result) const {
    result.append("Static screen stats:\n");
    for (size_t b = 0; b < SurfaceFlingerBE::NUM_BUCKETS - 1; ++b) {
        float bucketTimeSec = getBE().mFrameBuckets[b] / 1e9;
        float percent = 100.0f *
                static_cast<float>(getBE().mFrameBuckets[b]) / getBE().mTotalTime;
        StringAppendF(&result, "  < %zd frames: %.3f s (%.1f%%)\n", b + 1, bucketTimeSec, percent);
    }
    float bucketTimeSec = getBE().mFrameBuckets[SurfaceFlingerBE::NUM_BUCKETS - 1] / 1e9;
    float percent = 100.0f *
            static_cast<float>(getBE().mFrameBuckets[SurfaceFlingerBE::NUM_BUCKETS - 1]) / getBE().mTotalTime;
    StringAppendF(&result, "  %zd+ frames: %.3f s (%.1f%%)\n", SurfaceFlingerBE::NUM_BUCKETS - 1,
                  bucketTimeSec, percent);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::recordBufferingStats(const std::string& layerName,
                                          std::vector<OccupancyTracker::Segment>&& history) {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(getBE().mBufferingStatsMutex);
    auto& stats = getBE().mBufferingStats[layerName];
    for (const auto& segment : history) {
        if (!segment.usedThirdBuffer) {
            stats.twoBufferTime += segment.totalTime;
        }
        if (segment.occupancyAverage < 1.0f) {
            stats.doubleBufferedTime += segment.totalTime;
        } else if (segment.occupancyAverage < 2.0f) {
            stats.tripleBufferedTime += segment.totalTime;
        }
        ++stats.numSegments;
        stats.totalTime += segment.totalTime;
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpFrameEventsLocked(std::string& result) {
    result.append("Layer frame timestamps:\n");
    // Traverse all layers to dump frame-events for each layer
    mCurrentState.traverseInZOrder(
        [&] (Layer* layer) { layer->dumpFrameEvents(result); });
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpBufferingStats(std::string& result) const {
    result.append("Buffering stats:\n");
    result.append("  [Layer name] <Active time> <Two buffer> "
            "<Double buffered> <Triple buffered>\n");
    Mutex::Autolock lock(getBE().mBufferingStatsMutex);
    typedef std::tuple<std::string, float, float, float> BufferTuple;
    std::map<float, BufferTuple, std::greater<float>> sorted;
    for (const auto& statsPair : getBE().mBufferingStats) {
        const char* name = statsPair.first.c_str();
        const SurfaceFlingerBE::BufferingStats& stats = statsPair.second;
        if (stats.numSegments == 0) {
            continue;
        }
        float activeTime = ns2ms(stats.totalTime) / 1000.0f;
        float twoBufferRatio = static_cast<float>(stats.twoBufferTime) /
                stats.totalTime;
        float doubleBufferRatio = static_cast<float>(
                stats.doubleBufferedTime) / stats.totalTime;
        float tripleBufferRatio = static_cast<float>(
                stats.tripleBufferedTime) / stats.totalTime;
        sorted.insert({activeTime, {name, twoBufferRatio,
                doubleBufferRatio, tripleBufferRatio}});
    }
    for (const auto& sortedPair : sorted) {
        float activeTime = sortedPair.first;
        const BufferTuple& values = sortedPair.second;
        StringAppendF(&result, "  [%s] %.2f %.3f %.3f %.3f\n", std::get<0>(values).c_str(),
                      activeTime, std::get<1>(values), std::get<2>(values), std::get<3>(values));
    }
    result.append("\n");
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpDisplayIdentificationData(std::string& result) const {
    for (const auto& [token, display] : mDisplays) {
        const auto displayId = PhysicalDisplayId::tryCast(display->getId());
        if (!displayId) {
            continue;
        }
        const auto hwcDisplayId = getHwComposer().fromPhysicalDisplayId(*displayId);
        if (!hwcDisplayId) {
            continue;
        }

        StringAppendF(&result,
                      "Display %s (HWC display %" PRIu64 "): ", to_string(*displayId).c_str(),
                      *hwcDisplayId);
        uint8_t port;
        DisplayIdentificationData data;
        if (!getHwComposer().getDisplayIdentificationData(*hwcDisplayId, &port, &data)) {
            result.append("no identification data\n");
            continue;
        }

        if (!isEdid(data)) {
            result.append("unknown identification data\n");
            continue;
        }

        const auto edid = parseEdid(data);
        if (!edid) {
            result.append("invalid EDID\n");
            continue;
        }

        StringAppendF(&result, "port=%u pnpId=%s displayName=\"", port, edid->pnpId.data());
        result.append(edid->displayName.data(), edid->displayName.length());
        result.append("\"\n");
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpRawDisplayIdentificationData(const DumpArgs& args,
                                                      std::string& result) const {
    hal::HWDisplayId hwcDisplayId;
    uint8_t port;
    DisplayIdentificationData data;

    if (args.size() > 1 && base::ParseUint(String8(args[1]), &hwcDisplayId) &&
        getHwComposer().getDisplayIdentificationData(hwcDisplayId, &port, &data)) {
        result.append(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(data.data()), data.size());
    }
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpWideColorInfo(std::string& result) const {
    StringAppendF(&result, "Device has wide color built-in display: %d\n", hasWideColorDisplay);
    StringAppendF(&result, "Device uses color management: %d\n", useColorManagement);
    StringAppendF(&result, "DisplayColorSetting: %s\n",
                  decodeDisplayColorSetting(mDisplayColorSetting).c_str());

    // TODO: print out if wide-color mode is active or not

    for (const auto& [token, display] : mDisplays) {
        const auto displayId = PhysicalDisplayId::tryCast(display->getId());
        if (!displayId) {
            continue;
        }

        StringAppendF(&result, "Display %s color modes:\n", to_string(*displayId).c_str());
        std::vector<ColorMode> modes = getHwComposer().getColorModes(*displayId);
        for (auto&& mode : modes) {
            StringAppendF(&result, "    %s (%d)\n", decodeColorMode(mode).c_str(), mode);
        }

        ColorMode currentMode = display->getCompositionDisplay()->getState().colorMode;
        StringAppendF(&result, "    Current color mode: %s (%d)\n",
                      decodeColorMode(currentMode).c_str(), currentMode);
    }
    result.append("\n");
}

LayersProto SurfaceFlinger::dumpDrawingStateProto(uint32_t traceFlags) const {
    // If context is SurfaceTracing thread, mTracingLock blocks display transactions on main thread.
    const auto display = ON_MAIN_THREAD(getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked());

    LayersProto layersProto;
    for (const sp<Layer>& layer : mDrawingState.layersSortedByZ) {
        layer->writeToProto(layersProto, traceFlags, display.get());
    }

    return layersProto;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpHwc(std::string& result) const {
    getHwComposer().dump(result);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpOffscreenLayersProto(LayersProto& layersProto, uint32_t traceFlags) const {
    // Add a fake invisible root layer to the proto output and parent all the offscreen layers to
    // it.
    LayerProto* rootProto = layersProto.add_layers();
    const int32_t offscreenRootLayerId = INT32_MAX - 2;
    rootProto->set_id(offscreenRootLayerId);
    rootProto->set_name("Offscreen Root");
    rootProto->set_parent(-1);

    for (Layer* offscreenLayer : mOffscreenLayers) {
        // Add layer as child of the fake root
        rootProto->add_children(offscreenLayer->sequence);

        // Add layer
        LayerProto* layerProto =
                offscreenLayer->writeToProto(layersProto, traceFlags, nullptr /*device*/);
        layerProto->set_parent(offscreenRootLayerId);
    }
}

LayersProto SurfaceFlinger::dumpProtoFromMainThread(uint32_t traceFlags) {
    return schedule([=] { return dumpDrawingStateProto(traceFlags); }).get();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpOffscreenLayers(std::string& result) {
    result.append("Offscreen Layers:\n");
    result.append(schedule([this] {
                      std::string result;
                      for (Layer* offscreenLayer : mOffscreenLayers) {
                          offscreenLayer->traverse(LayerVector::StateSet::Drawing,
                                                   [&](Layer* layer) {
                                                       layer->dumpCallingUidPid(result);
                                                   });
                      }
                      return result;
                  }).get());
}

void SurfaceFlinger::dumpAllLocked(const DumpArgs& args, std::string& result) const {
    const bool colorize = !args.empty() && args[0] == String16("--color");
    Colorizer colorizer(colorize);

    // figure out if we're stuck somewhere
    const nsecs_t now = systemTime();
    const nsecs_t inTransaction(mDebugInTransaction);
    nsecs_t inTransactionDuration = (inTransaction) ? now-inTransaction : 0;

    /*
     * Dump library configuration.
     */

    colorizer.bold(result);
    result.append("Build configuration:");
    colorizer.reset(result);
    appendSfConfigString(result);
    result.append("\n");

    result.append("\nDisplay identification data:\n");
    dumpDisplayIdentificationData(result);

    result.append("\nWide-Color information:\n");
    dumpWideColorInfo(result);

    colorizer.bold(result);
    result.append("Sync configuration: ");
    colorizer.reset(result);
    result.append(SyncFeatures::getInstance().toString());
    result.append("\n\n");

    colorizer.bold(result);
    result.append("Scheduler:\n");
    colorizer.reset(result);
    dumpVSync(result);
    result.append("\n");

    dumpStaticScreenStats(result);
    result.append("\n");

    StringAppendF(&result, "Total missed frame count: %u\n", mFrameMissedCount.load());
    StringAppendF(&result, "HWC missed frame count: %u\n", mHwcFrameMissedCount.load());
    StringAppendF(&result, "GPU missed frame count: %u\n\n", mGpuFrameMissedCount.load());

    dumpBufferingStats(result);

    /*
     * Dump the visible layer list
     */
    colorizer.bold(result);
    StringAppendF(&result, "Visible layers (count = %zu)\n", mNumLayers.load());
    StringAppendF(&result, "GraphicBufferProducers: %zu, max %zu\n",
                  mGraphicBufferProducerList.size(), mMaxGraphicBufferProducerListSize);
    colorizer.reset(result);

    {
        StringAppendF(&result, "Composition layers\n");
        mDrawingState.traverseInZOrder([&](Layer* layer) {
            auto* compositionState = layer->getCompositionState();
            if (!compositionState || !compositionState->isVisible) return;

            android::base::StringAppendF(&result, "* Layer %p (%s)\n", layer,
                                         layer->getDebugName() ? layer->getDebugName()
                                                               : "<unknown>");
            compositionState->dump(result);
        });
    }

    /*
     * Dump Display state
     */

    colorizer.bold(result);
    StringAppendF(&result, "Displays (%zu entries)\n", mDisplays.size());
    colorizer.reset(result);
    for (const auto& [token, display] : mDisplays) {
        display->dump(result);
    }
    result.append("\n");

    /*
     * Dump CompositionEngine state
     */

    mCompositionEngine->dump(result);

    /*
     * Dump SurfaceFlinger global state
     */

    colorizer.bold(result);
    result.append("SurfaceFlinger global state:\n");
    colorizer.reset(result);

    getRenderEngine().dump(result);

    result.append("ClientCache state:\n");
    ClientCache::getInstance().dump(result);
    DebugEGLImageTracker::getInstance()->dump(result);

    if (const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked()) {
        display->getCompositionDisplay()->getState().undefinedRegion.dump(result,
                                                                          "undefinedRegion");
        StringAppendF(&result, "  orientation=%s, isPoweredOn=%d\n",
                      toCString(display->getOrientation()), display->isPoweredOn());
    }
    StringAppendF(&result,
                  "  transaction-flags         : %08x\n"
                  "  gpu_to_cpu_unsupported    : %d\n",
                  mTransactionFlags.load(), !mGpuToCpuSupported);

    if (const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked()) {
        std::string fps, xDpi, yDpi;
        if (const auto activeMode = display->getActiveMode()) {
            fps = to_string(activeMode->getFps());
            xDpi = base::StringPrintf("%.2f", activeMode->getDpiX());
            yDpi = base::StringPrintf("%.2f", activeMode->getDpiY());
        } else {
            fps = "unknown";
            xDpi = "unknown";
            yDpi = "unknown";
        }
        StringAppendF(&result,
                      "  refresh-rate              : %s\n"
                      "  x-dpi                     : %s\n"
                      "  y-dpi                     : %s\n",
                      fps.c_str(), xDpi.c_str(), yDpi.c_str());
    }

    StringAppendF(&result, "  transaction time: %f us\n", inTransactionDuration / 1000.0);

    /*
     * Tracing state
     */
    mTracing.dump(result);
    result.append("\n");

    /*
     * HWC layer minidump
     */
    for (const auto& [token, display] : mDisplays) {
        const auto displayId = HalDisplayId::tryCast(display->getId());
        if (!displayId) {
            continue;
        }

        StringAppendF(&result, "Display %s HWC layers:\n", to_string(*displayId).c_str());
        Layer::miniDumpHeader(result);

        const DisplayDevice& ref = *display;
        mCurrentState.traverseInZOrder([&](Layer* layer) { layer->miniDump(result, ref); });
        result.append("\n");
    }

    /*
     * Dump HWComposer state
     */
    colorizer.bold(result);
    result.append("h/w composer state:\n");
    colorizer.reset(result);
    bool hwcDisabled = mDebugDisableHWC || mDebugRegion;
    StringAppendF(&result, "  h/w composer %s\n", hwcDisabled ? "disabled" : "enabled");
    getHwComposer().dump(result);

    /*
     * Dump gralloc state
     */
    const GraphicBufferAllocator& alloc(GraphicBufferAllocator::get());
    alloc.dump(result);

    result.append(mTimeStats->miniDump());
    result.append("\n");
}

mat4 SurfaceFlinger::calculateColorMatrix(float saturation) {
    if (saturation == 1) {
        return mat4();
    }

    float3 luminance{0.213f, 0.715f, 0.072f};
    luminance *= 1.0f - saturation;
    mat4 saturationMatrix = mat4(vec4{luminance.r + saturation, luminance.r, luminance.r, 0.0f},
                                 vec4{luminance.g, luminance.g + saturation, luminance.g, 0.0f},
                                 vec4{luminance.b, luminance.b, luminance.b + saturation, 0.0f},
                                 vec4{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
    return saturationMatrix;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::updateColorMatrixLocked() {
    mat4 colorMatrix =
            mClientColorMatrix * calculateColorMatrix(mGlobalSaturationFactor) * mDaltonizer();

    if (mCurrentState.colorMatrix != colorMatrix) {
        mCurrentState.colorMatrix = colorMatrix;
        mCurrentState.colorMatrixChanged = true;
        setTransactionFlags(eTransactionNeeded);
    }
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::CheckTransactCodeCredentials(uint32_t code) {
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic error "-Wswitch-enum"
    switch (static_cast<ISurfaceComposerTag>(code)) {
        // These methods should at minimum make sure that the client requested
        // access to SF.
        case BOOT_FINISHED:
        case CLEAR_ANIMATION_FRAME_STATS:
        case CREATE_DISPLAY:
        case DESTROY_DISPLAY:
        case ENABLE_VSYNC_INJECTIONS:
        case GET_ANIMATION_FRAME_STATS:
        case OVERRIDE_HDR_TYPES:
        case GET_HDR_CAPABILITIES:
        case SET_DESIRED_DISPLAY_MODE_SPECS:
        case GET_DESIRED_DISPLAY_MODE_SPECS:
        case SET_ACTIVE_COLOR_MODE:
        case GET_AUTO_LOW_LATENCY_MODE_SUPPORT:
        case SET_AUTO_LOW_LATENCY_MODE:
        case GET_GAME_CONTENT_TYPE_SUPPORT:
        case SET_GAME_CONTENT_TYPE:
        case INJECT_VSYNC:
        case SET_POWER_MODE:
        case GET_DISPLAYED_CONTENT_SAMPLING_ATTRIBUTES:
        case SET_DISPLAY_CONTENT_SAMPLING_ENABLED:
        case GET_DISPLAYED_CONTENT_SAMPLE:
        case NOTIFY_POWER_BOOST:
        case SET_GLOBAL_SHADOW_SETTINGS:
        case ACQUIRE_FRAME_RATE_FLEXIBILITY_TOKEN: {
            // ACQUIRE_FRAME_RATE_FLEXIBILITY_TOKEN and OVERRIDE_HDR_TYPES are used by CTS tests,
            // which acquire the necessary permission dynamically. Don't use the permission cache
            // for this check.
            bool usePermissionCache =
                    code != ACQUIRE_FRAME_RATE_FLEXIBILITY_TOKEN && code != OVERRIDE_HDR_TYPES;
            if (!callingThreadHasUnscopedSurfaceFlingerAccess(usePermissionCache)) {
                IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
                ALOGE("Permission Denial: can't access SurfaceFlinger pid=%d, uid=%d",
                        ipc->getCallingPid(), ipc->getCallingUid());
                return PERMISSION_DENIED;
            }
            return OK;
        }
        case GET_LAYER_DEBUG_INFO: {
            IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
            const int pid = ipc->getCallingPid();
            const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();
            if ((uid != AID_SHELL) && !PermissionCache::checkPermission(sDump, pid, uid)) {
                ALOGE("Layer debug info permission denied for pid=%d, uid=%d", pid, uid);
                return PERMISSION_DENIED;
            }
            return OK;
        }
        // Used by apps to hook Choreographer to SurfaceFlinger.
        case CREATE_DISPLAY_EVENT_CONNECTION:
        // The following calls are currently used by clients that do not
        // request necessary permissions. However, they do not expose any secret
        // information, so it is OK to pass them.
        case AUTHENTICATE_SURFACE:
        case GET_ACTIVE_COLOR_MODE:
        case GET_ACTIVE_DISPLAY_MODE:
        case GET_PHYSICAL_DISPLAY_IDS:
        case GET_PHYSICAL_DISPLAY_TOKEN:
        case GET_DISPLAY_COLOR_MODES:
        case GET_DISPLAY_NATIVE_PRIMARIES:
        case GET_STATIC_DISPLAY_INFO:
        case GET_DYNAMIC_DISPLAY_INFO:
        case GET_DISPLAY_MODES:
        case GET_DISPLAY_STATE:
        case GET_DISPLAY_STATS:
        case GET_SUPPORTED_FRAME_TIMESTAMPS:
        // Calling setTransactionState is safe, because you need to have been
        // granted a reference to Client* and Handle* to do anything with it.
        case SET_TRANSACTION_STATE:
        case CREATE_CONNECTION:
        case GET_COLOR_MANAGEMENT:
        case GET_COMPOSITION_PREFERENCE:
        case GET_PROTECTED_CONTENT_SUPPORT:
        case IS_WIDE_COLOR_DISPLAY:
        // setFrameRate() is deliberately available for apps to call without any
        // special permissions.
        case SET_FRAME_RATE:
        case GET_DISPLAY_BRIGHTNESS_SUPPORT:
        // captureLayers and captureDisplay will handle the permission check in the function
        case CAPTURE_LAYERS:
        case CAPTURE_DISPLAY:
        case SET_DISPLAY_BRIGHTNESS:
        case SET_FRAME_TIMELINE_INFO:
        case GET_GPU_CONTEXT_PRIORITY:
        case GET_EXTRA_BUFFER_COUNT: {
            // This is not sensitive information, so should not require permission control.
            return OK;
        }
        case ADD_HDR_LAYER_INFO_LISTENER:
        case REMOVE_HDR_LAYER_INFO_LISTENER: {
            // TODO (b/183985553): Should getting & setting brightness be part of this...?
            // codes that require permission check
            IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
            const int pid = ipc->getCallingPid();
            const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();
            if ((uid != AID_GRAPHICS) &&
                !PermissionCache::checkPermission(sControlDisplayBrightness, pid, uid)) {
                ALOGE("Permission Denial: can't control brightness pid=%d, uid=%d", pid, uid);
                return PERMISSION_DENIED;
            }
            return OK;
        }
        case ADD_FPS_LISTENER:
        case REMOVE_FPS_LISTENER:
        case ADD_REGION_SAMPLING_LISTENER:
        case REMOVE_REGION_SAMPLING_LISTENER: {
            // codes that require permission check
            IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
            const int pid = ipc->getCallingPid();
            const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();
            if ((uid != AID_GRAPHICS) &&
                !PermissionCache::checkPermission(sReadFramebuffer, pid, uid)) {
                ALOGE("Permission Denial: can't read framebuffer pid=%d, uid=%d", pid, uid);
                return PERMISSION_DENIED;
            }
            return OK;
        }
        case ADD_TRANSACTION_TRACE_LISTENER:
        case CAPTURE_DISPLAY_BY_ID: {
            IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
            const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();
            if (uid == AID_ROOT || uid == AID_GRAPHICS || uid == AID_SYSTEM || uid == AID_SHELL) {
                return OK;
            }
            return PERMISSION_DENIED;
        }
    }

    // These codes are used for the IBinder protocol to either interrogate the recipient
    // side of the transaction for its canonical interface descriptor or to dump its state.
    // We let them pass by default.
    if (code == IBinder::INTERFACE_TRANSACTION || code == IBinder::DUMP_TRANSACTION ||
        code == IBinder::PING_TRANSACTION || code == IBinder::SHELL_COMMAND_TRANSACTION ||
        code == IBinder::SYSPROPS_TRANSACTION) {
        return OK;
    }
    // Numbers from 1000 to 1038 are currently used for backdoors. The code
    // in onTransact verifies that the user is root, and has access to use SF.
    if (code >= 1000 && code <= 1039) {
        ALOGV("Accessing SurfaceFlinger through backdoor code: %u", code);
        return OK;
    }
    ALOGE("Permission Denial: SurfaceFlinger did not recognize request code: %u", code);
    return PERMISSION_DENIED;
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::onTransact(uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply,
                                    uint32_t flags) {
    status_t credentialCheck = CheckTransactCodeCredentials(code);
    if (credentialCheck != OK) {
        return credentialCheck;
    }

    status_t err = BnSurfaceComposer::onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
    if (err == UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION || err == PERMISSION_DENIED) {
        CHECK_INTERFACE(ISurfaceComposer, data, reply);
        IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
        const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();
        if (CC_UNLIKELY(uid != AID_SYSTEM
                && !PermissionCache::checkCallingPermission(sHardwareTest))) {
            const int pid = ipc->getCallingPid();
            ALOGE("Permission Denial: "
                    "can't access SurfaceFlinger pid=%d, uid=%d", pid, uid);
            return PERMISSION_DENIED;
        }
        int n;
        switch (code) {
            case 1000: // SHOW_CPU, NOT SUPPORTED ANYMORE
            case 1001: // SHOW_FPS, NOT SUPPORTED ANYMORE
                return NO_ERROR;
            case 1002:  // SHOW_UPDATES
                n = data.readInt32();
                mDebugRegion = n ? n : (mDebugRegion ? 0 : 1);
                invalidateHwcGeometry();
                repaintEverything();
                return NO_ERROR;
            case 1004:{ // repaint everything
                repaintEverything();
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1005:{ // force transaction
                Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
                setTransactionFlags(
                        eTransactionNeeded|
                        eDisplayTransactionNeeded|
                        eTraversalNeeded);
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1006:{ // send empty update
                signalRefresh();
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1008:  // toggle use of hw composer
                n = data.readInt32();
                mDebugDisableHWC = n != 0;
                invalidateHwcGeometry();
                repaintEverything();
                return NO_ERROR;
            case 1009:  // toggle use of transform hint
                n = data.readInt32();
                mDebugDisableTransformHint = n != 0;
                invalidateHwcGeometry();
                repaintEverything();
                return NO_ERROR;
            case 1010:  // interrogate.
                reply->writeInt32(0);
                reply->writeInt32(0);
                reply->writeInt32(mDebugRegion);
                reply->writeInt32(0);
                reply->writeInt32(mDebugDisableHWC);
                return NO_ERROR;
            case 1013: {
                const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDevice();
                if (!display) {
                    return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
                }

                reply->writeInt32(display->getPageFlipCount());
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1014: {
                Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
                // daltonize
                n = data.readInt32();
                switch (n % 10) {
                    case 1:
                        mDaltonizer.setType(ColorBlindnessType::Protanomaly);
                        break;
                    case 2:
                        mDaltonizer.setType(ColorBlindnessType::Deuteranomaly);
                        break;
                    case 3:
                        mDaltonizer.setType(ColorBlindnessType::Tritanomaly);
                        break;
                    default:
                        mDaltonizer.setType(ColorBlindnessType::None);
                        break;
                }
                if (n >= 10) {
                    mDaltonizer.setMode(ColorBlindnessMode::Correction);
                } else {
                    mDaltonizer.setMode(ColorBlindnessMode::Simulation);
                }

                updateColorMatrixLocked();
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1015: {
                Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
                // apply a color matrix
                n = data.readInt32();
                if (n) {
                    // color matrix is sent as a column-major mat4 matrix
                    for (size_t i = 0 ; i < 4; i++) {
                        for (size_t j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
                            mClientColorMatrix[i][j] = data.readFloat();
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    mClientColorMatrix = mat4();
                }

                // Check that supplied matrix's last row is {0,0,0,1} so we can avoid
                // the division by w in the fragment shader
                float4 lastRow(transpose(mClientColorMatrix)[3]);
                if (any(greaterThan(abs(lastRow - float4{0, 0, 0, 1}), float4{1e-4f}))) {
                    ALOGE("The color transform's last row must be (0, 0, 0, 1)");
                }

                updateColorMatrixLocked();
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1016: { // Unused.
                return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
            }
            case 1017: {
                n = data.readInt32();
                mForceFullDamage = n != 0;
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1018: { // Modify Choreographer's duration
                n = data.readInt32();
                mScheduler->setDuration(mAppConnectionHandle, std::chrono::nanoseconds(n), 0ns);
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1019: { // Modify SurfaceFlinger's duration
                n = data.readInt32();
                mScheduler->setDuration(mSfConnectionHandle, std::chrono::nanoseconds(n), 0ns);
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1020: { // Layer updates interceptor
                n = data.readInt32();
                if (n) {
                    ALOGV("Interceptor enabled");
                    mInterceptor->enable(mDrawingState.layersSortedByZ, mDrawingState.displays);
                }
                else{
                    ALOGV("Interceptor disabled");
                    mInterceptor->disable();
                }
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1021: { // Disable HWC virtual displays
                n = data.readInt32();
                mUseHwcVirtualDisplays = !n;
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1022: { // Set saturation boost
                Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
                mGlobalSaturationFactor = std::max(0.0f, std::min(data.readFloat(), 2.0f));

                updateColorMatrixLocked();
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1023: { // Set native mode
                int32_t colorMode;

                mDisplayColorSetting = static_cast<DisplayColorSetting>(data.readInt32());
                if (data.readInt32(&colorMode) == NO_ERROR) {
                    mForceColorMode = static_cast<ColorMode>(colorMode);
                }
                invalidateHwcGeometry();
                repaintEverything();
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            // Deprecate, use 1030 to check whether the device is color managed.
            case 1024: {
                return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
            }
            case 1025: { // Set layer tracing
                n = data.readInt32();
                bool tracingEnabledChanged;
                if (n) {
                    ALOGD("LayerTracing enabled");
                    tracingEnabledChanged = mTracing.enable();
                    if (tracingEnabledChanged) {
                        schedule([&]() MAIN_THREAD { mTracing.notify("start"); }).wait();
                    }
                } else {
                    ALOGD("LayerTracing disabled");
                    tracingEnabledChanged = mTracing.disable();
                }
                mTracingEnabledChanged = tracingEnabledChanged;
                reply->writeInt32(NO_ERROR);
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1026: { // Get layer tracing status
                reply->writeBool(mTracing.isEnabled());
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            // Is a DisplayColorSetting supported?
            case 1027: {
                const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDevice();
                if (!display) {
                    return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
                }

                DisplayColorSetting setting = static_cast<DisplayColorSetting>(data.readInt32());
                switch (setting) {
                    case DisplayColorSetting::kManaged:
                        reply->writeBool(useColorManagement);
                        break;
                    case DisplayColorSetting::kUnmanaged:
                        reply->writeBool(true);
                        break;
                    case DisplayColorSetting::kEnhanced:
                        reply->writeBool(display->hasRenderIntent(RenderIntent::ENHANCE));
                        break;
                    default: // vendor display color setting
                        reply->writeBool(
                                display->hasRenderIntent(static_cast<RenderIntent>(setting)));
                        break;
                }
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1028: { // Unused.
                return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
            }
            // Set buffer size for SF tracing (value in KB)
            case 1029: {
                n = data.readInt32();
                if (n <= 0 || n > MAX_TRACING_MEMORY) {
                    ALOGW("Invalid buffer size: %d KB", n);
                    reply->writeInt32(BAD_VALUE);
                    return BAD_VALUE;
                }

                ALOGD("Updating trace buffer to %d KB", n);
                mTracing.setBufferSize(n * 1024);
                reply->writeInt32(NO_ERROR);
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            // Is device color managed?
            case 1030: {
                reply->writeBool(useColorManagement);
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            // Override default composition data space
            // adb shell service call SurfaceFlinger 1031 i32 1 DATASPACE_NUMBER DATASPACE_NUMBER \
            // && adb shell stop zygote && adb shell start zygote
            // to restore: adb shell service call SurfaceFlinger 1031 i32 0 && \
            // adb shell stop zygote && adb shell start zygote
            case 1031: {
                Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
                n = data.readInt32();
                if (n) {
                    n = data.readInt32();
                    if (n) {
                        Dataspace dataspace = static_cast<Dataspace>(n);
                        if (!validateCompositionDataspace(dataspace)) {
                            return BAD_VALUE;
                        }
                        mDefaultCompositionDataspace = dataspace;
                    }
                    n = data.readInt32();
                    if (n) {
                        Dataspace dataspace = static_cast<Dataspace>(n);
                        if (!validateCompositionDataspace(dataspace)) {
                            return BAD_VALUE;
                        }
                        mWideColorGamutCompositionDataspace = dataspace;
                    }
                } else {
                    // restore composition data space.
                    mDefaultCompositionDataspace = defaultCompositionDataspace;
                    mWideColorGamutCompositionDataspace = wideColorGamutCompositionDataspace;
                }
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            // Set trace flags
            case 1033: {
                n = data.readUint32();
                ALOGD("Updating trace flags to 0x%x", n);
                mTracing.setTraceFlags(n);
                reply->writeInt32(NO_ERROR);
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1034: {
                switch (n = data.readInt32()) {
                    case 0:
                    case 1:
                        enableRefreshRateOverlay(static_cast<bool>(n));
                        break;
                    default: {
                        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
                        reply->writeBool(mRefreshRateOverlay != nullptr);
                    }
                }
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1035: {
                const int modeId = data.readInt32();
                mDebugDisplayModeSetByBackdoor = false;

                const auto displayId = [&]() -> std::optional<PhysicalDisplayId> {
                    uint64_t inputDisplayId = 0;
                    if (data.readUint64(&inputDisplayId) == NO_ERROR) {
                        const auto token = getPhysicalDisplayToken(
                                static_cast<PhysicalDisplayId>(inputDisplayId));
                        if (!token) {
                            ALOGE("No display with id: %" PRIu64, inputDisplayId);
                            return std::nullopt;
                        }

                        return std::make_optional<PhysicalDisplayId>(inputDisplayId);
                    }

                    return getInternalDisplayId();
                }();

                if (!displayId) {
                    ALOGE("No display found");
                    return NO_ERROR;
                }

                status_t result = setActiveMode(getPhysicalDisplayToken(*displayId), modeId);
                if (result != NO_ERROR) {
                    return result;
                }

                mDebugDisplayModeSetByBackdoor = true;

                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1036: {
                if (data.readInt32() > 0) {
                    status_t result =
                            acquireFrameRateFlexibilityToken(&mDebugFrameRateFlexibilityToken);
                    if (result != NO_ERROR) {
                        return result;
                    }
                } else {
                    mDebugFrameRateFlexibilityToken = nullptr;
                }
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            // Inject a hotplug connected event for the primary display. This will deallocate and
            // reallocate the display state including framebuffers.
            case 1037: {
                std::optional<hal::HWDisplayId> hwcId;
                {
                    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
                    hwcId = getHwComposer().getInternalHwcDisplayId();
                }
                onHotplugReceived(getBE().mComposerSequenceId, *hwcId, hal::Connection::CONNECTED);
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            // Modify the max number of display frames stored within FrameTimeline
            case 1038: {
                n = data.readInt32();
                if (n < 0 || n > MAX_ALLOWED_DISPLAY_FRAMES) {
                    ALOGW("Invalid max size. Maximum allowed is %d", MAX_ALLOWED_DISPLAY_FRAMES);
                    return BAD_VALUE;
                }
                if (n == 0) {
                    // restore to default
                    mFrameTimeline->reset();
                    return NO_ERROR;
                }
                mFrameTimeline->setMaxDisplayFrames(n);
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
            case 1039: {
                PhysicalDisplayId displayId = [&]() {
                    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
                    return getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked()->getPhysicalId();
                }();

                auto inUid = static_cast<uid_t>(data.readInt32());
                const auto refreshRate = data.readFloat();
                mScheduler->setPreferredRefreshRateForUid(FrameRateOverride{inUid, refreshRate});
                mScheduler->onFrameRateOverridesChanged(mAppConnectionHandle, displayId);
                return NO_ERROR;
            }
        }
    }
    return err;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::repaintEverything() {
    mRepaintEverything = true;
    signalTransaction();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::repaintEverythingForHWC() {
    mRepaintEverything = true;
    mPowerAdvisor.notifyDisplayUpdateImminent();
    mEventQueue->invalidate();
}

void SurfaceFlinger::kernelTimerChanged(bool expired) {
    static bool updateOverlay =
            property_get_bool("debug.sf.kernel_idle_timer_update_overlay", true);
    if (!updateOverlay) return;
    if (Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock); !mRefreshRateOverlay) return;

    // Update the overlay on the main thread to avoid race conditions with
    // mRefreshRateConfigs->getCurrentRefreshRate()
    static_cast<void>(schedule([=] {
        const auto desiredActiveMode = getDesiredActiveMode();
        const std::optional<DisplayModeId> desiredModeId =
                desiredActiveMode ? std::make_optional(desiredActiveMode->modeId) : std::nullopt;

        const bool timerExpired = mKernelIdleTimerEnabled && expired;
        const auto newRefreshRate =
                mRefreshRateConfigs->onKernelTimerChanged(desiredModeId, timerExpired);
        if (newRefreshRate) {
            if (Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock); mRefreshRateOverlay) {
                mRefreshRateOverlay->changeRefreshRate(*newRefreshRate);
            }
            mEventQueue->invalidate();
        }
    }));
}

void SurfaceFlinger::toggleKernelIdleTimer() {
    using KernelIdleTimerAction = scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs::KernelIdleTimerAction;

    // If the support for kernel idle timer is disabled in SF code, don't do anything.
    if (!mSupportKernelIdleTimer) {
        return;
    }
    const KernelIdleTimerAction action = mRefreshRateConfigs->getIdleTimerAction();

    switch (action) {
        case KernelIdleTimerAction::TurnOff:
            if (mKernelIdleTimerEnabled) {
                ATRACE_INT("KernelIdleTimer", 0);
                base::SetProperty(KERNEL_IDLE_TIMER_PROP, "false");
                mKernelIdleTimerEnabled = false;
            }
            break;
        case KernelIdleTimerAction::TurnOn:
            if (!mKernelIdleTimerEnabled) {
                ATRACE_INT("KernelIdleTimer", 1);
                base::SetProperty(KERNEL_IDLE_TIMER_PROP, "true");
                mKernelIdleTimerEnabled = true;
            }
            break;
        case KernelIdleTimerAction::NoChange:
            break;
    }
}

// A simple RAII class to disconnect from an ANativeWindow* when it goes out of scope
class WindowDisconnector {
public:
    WindowDisconnector(ANativeWindow* window, int api) : mWindow(window), mApi(api) {}
    ~WindowDisconnector() {
        native_window_api_disconnect(mWindow, mApi);
    }

private:
    ANativeWindow* mWindow;
    const int mApi;
};

static Dataspace pickDataspaceFromColorMode(const ColorMode colorMode) {
    switch (colorMode) {
        case ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3:
        case ColorMode::BT2100_PQ:
        case ColorMode::BT2100_HLG:
        case ColorMode::DISPLAY_BT2020:
            return Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3;
        default:
            return Dataspace::V0_SRGB;
    }
}

static status_t validateScreenshotPermissions(const CaptureArgs& captureArgs) {
    IPCThreadState* ipc = IPCThreadState::self();
    const int pid = ipc->getCallingPid();
    const int uid = ipc->getCallingUid();
    if (uid == AID_GRAPHICS || PermissionCache::checkPermission(sReadFramebuffer, pid, uid)) {
        return OK;
    }

    // If the caller doesn't have the correct permissions but is only attempting to screenshot
    // itself, we allow it to continue.
    if (captureArgs.uid == uid) {
        return OK;
    }

    ALOGE("Permission Denial: can't take screenshot pid=%d, uid=%d", pid, uid);
    return PERMISSION_DENIED;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::setSchedFifo(bool enabled) {
    static constexpr int kFifoPriority = 2;
    static constexpr int kOtherPriority = 0;

    struct sched_param param = {0};
    int sched_policy;
    if (enabled) {
        sched_policy = SCHED_FIFO;
        param.sched_priority = kFifoPriority;
    } else {
        sched_policy = SCHED_OTHER;
        param.sched_priority = kOtherPriority;
    }

    if (sched_setscheduler(0, sched_policy, &param) != 0) {
        return -errno;
    }
    return NO_ERROR;
}

sp<DisplayDevice> SurfaceFlinger::getDisplayByIdOrLayerStack(uint64_t displayOrLayerStack) {
    if (const sp<IBinder> displayToken =
                getPhysicalDisplayTokenLocked(PhysicalDisplayId{displayOrLayerStack})) {
        return getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
    }
    // Couldn't find display by displayId. Try to get display by layerStack since virtual displays
    // may not have a displayId.
    return getDisplayByLayerStack(displayOrLayerStack);
}

sp<DisplayDevice> SurfaceFlinger::getDisplayById(DisplayId displayId) const {
    for (const auto& [token, display] : mDisplays) {
        if (display->getId() == displayId) {
            return display;
        }
    }
    return nullptr;
}

sp<DisplayDevice> SurfaceFlinger::getDisplayByLayerStack(uint64_t layerStack) {
    for (const auto& [token, display] : mDisplays) {
        if (display->getLayerStack() == layerStack) {
            return display;
        }
    }
    return nullptr;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::captureDisplay(const DisplayCaptureArgs& args,
                                        const sp<IScreenCaptureListener>& captureListener) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    status_t validate = validateScreenshotPermissions(args);
    if (validate != OK) {
        return validate;
    }

    if (!args.displayToken) return BAD_VALUE;

    wp<DisplayDevice> displayWeak;
    ui::LayerStack layerStack;
    ui::Size reqSize(args.width, args.height);
    ui::Dataspace dataspace;
    {
        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
        sp<DisplayDevice> display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(args.displayToken);
        if (!display) return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
        displayWeak = display;
        layerStack = display->getLayerStack();

        // set the requested width/height to the logical display layer stack rect size by default
        if (args.width == 0 || args.height == 0) {
            reqSize = display->getLayerStackSpaceRect().getSize();
        }

        // The dataspace is depended on the color mode of display, that could use non-native mode
        // (ex. displayP3) to enhance the content, but some cases are checking native RGB in bytes,
        // and failed if display is not in native mode. This provide a way to force using native
        // colors when capture.
        dataspace = args.dataspace;
        if (dataspace == ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN) {
            const ui::ColorMode colorMode = display->getCompositionDisplay()->getState().colorMode;
            dataspace = pickDataspaceFromColorMode(colorMode);
        }
    }

    RenderAreaFuture renderAreaFuture = ftl::defer([=] {
        return DisplayRenderArea::create(displayWeak, args.sourceCrop, reqSize, dataspace,
                                         args.useIdentityTransform, args.captureSecureLayers);
    });

    auto traverseLayers = [this, args, layerStack](const LayerVector::Visitor& visitor) {
        traverseLayersInLayerStack(layerStack, args.uid, visitor);
    };

    return captureScreenCommon(std::move(renderAreaFuture), traverseLayers, reqSize,
                               args.pixelFormat, args.allowProtected, args.grayscale,
                               captureListener);
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::captureDisplay(uint64_t displayOrLayerStack,
                                        const sp<IScreenCaptureListener>& captureListener) {
    ui::LayerStack layerStack;
    wp<DisplayDevice> displayWeak;
    ui::Size size;
    ui::Dataspace dataspace;
    {
        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
        sp<DisplayDevice> display = getDisplayByIdOrLayerStack(displayOrLayerStack);
        if (!display) {
            return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
        }
        layerStack = display->getLayerStack();
        displayWeak = display;

        size = display->getLayerStackSpaceRect().getSize();

        dataspace =
                pickDataspaceFromColorMode(display->getCompositionDisplay()->getState().colorMode);
    }

    RenderAreaFuture renderAreaFuture = ftl::defer([=] {
        return DisplayRenderArea::create(displayWeak, Rect(), size, dataspace,
                                         false /* useIdentityTransform */,
                                         false /* captureSecureLayers */);
    });

    auto traverseLayers = [this, layerStack](const LayerVector::Visitor& visitor) {
        traverseLayersInLayerStack(layerStack, CaptureArgs::UNSET_UID, visitor);
    };

    return captureScreenCommon(std::move(renderAreaFuture), traverseLayers, size,
                               ui::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888, false /* allowProtected */,
                               false /* grayscale */, captureListener);
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::captureLayers(const LayerCaptureArgs& args,
                                       const sp<IScreenCaptureListener>& captureListener) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    status_t validate = validateScreenshotPermissions(args);
    if (validate != OK) {
        return validate;
    }

    ui::Size reqSize;
    sp<Layer> parent;
    Rect crop(args.sourceCrop);
    std::unordered_set<sp<Layer>, ISurfaceComposer::SpHash<Layer>> excludeLayers;
    Rect layerStackSpaceRect;
    ui::Dataspace dataspace;
    bool captureSecureLayers;
    {
        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

        parent = fromHandleLocked(args.layerHandle).promote();
        if (parent == nullptr || parent->isRemovedFromCurrentState()) {
            ALOGE("captureLayers called with an invalid or removed parent");
            return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
        }

        const int uid = IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid();
        const bool forSystem = uid == AID_GRAPHICS || uid == AID_SYSTEM;
        if (!forSystem && parent->getCurrentState().flags & layer_state_t::eLayerSecure) {
            ALOGW("Attempting to capture secure layer: PERMISSION_DENIED");
            return PERMISSION_DENIED;
        }

        Rect parentSourceBounds = parent->getCroppedBufferSize(parent->getCurrentState());
        if (args.sourceCrop.width() <= 0) {
            crop.left = 0;
            crop.right = parentSourceBounds.getWidth();
        }

        if (args.sourceCrop.height() <= 0) {
            crop.top = 0;
            crop.bottom = parentSourceBounds.getHeight();
        }

        if (crop.isEmpty() || args.frameScaleX <= 0.0f || args.frameScaleY <= 0.0f) {
            // Error out if the layer has no source bounds (i.e. they are boundless) and a source
            // crop was not specified, or an invalid frame scale was provided.
            return BAD_VALUE;
        }
        reqSize = ui::Size(crop.width() * args.frameScaleX, crop.height() * args.frameScaleY);

        for (const auto& handle : args.excludeHandles) {
            sp<Layer> excludeLayer = fromHandleLocked(handle).promote();
            if (excludeLayer != nullptr) {
                excludeLayers.emplace(excludeLayer);
            } else {
                ALOGW("Invalid layer handle passed as excludeLayer to captureLayers");
                return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
            }
        }

        const auto display = getDisplayByLayerStack(parent->getLayerStack());
        if (!display) {
            return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
        }

        layerStackSpaceRect = display->getLayerStackSpaceRect();

        // The dataspace is depended on the color mode of display, that could use non-native mode
        // (ex. displayP3) to enhance the content, but some cases are checking native RGB in bytes,
        // and failed if display is not in native mode. This provide a way to force using native
        // colors when capture.
        dataspace = args.dataspace;
        if (dataspace == ui::Dataspace::UNKNOWN) {
            const ui::ColorMode colorMode = display->getCompositionDisplay()->getState().colorMode;
            dataspace = pickDataspaceFromColorMode(colorMode);
        }

        captureSecureLayers = args.captureSecureLayers && display->isSecure();
    } // mStateLock

    // really small crop or frameScale
    if (reqSize.width <= 0) {
        reqSize.width = 1;
    }
    if (reqSize.height <= 0) {
        reqSize.height = 1;
    }

    bool childrenOnly = args.childrenOnly;
    RenderAreaFuture renderAreaFuture = ftl::defer([=]() -> std::unique_ptr<RenderArea> {
        return std::make_unique<LayerRenderArea>(*this, parent, crop, reqSize, dataspace,
                                                 childrenOnly, layerStackSpaceRect,
                                                 captureSecureLayers);
    });

    auto traverseLayers = [parent, args, excludeLayers](const LayerVector::Visitor& visitor) {
        parent->traverseChildrenInZOrder(LayerVector::StateSet::Drawing, [&](Layer* layer) {
            if (!layer->isVisible()) {
                return;
            } else if (args.childrenOnly && layer == parent.get()) {
                return;
            } else if (args.uid != CaptureArgs::UNSET_UID && args.uid != layer->getOwnerUid()) {
                return;
            }

            sp<Layer> p = layer;
            while (p != nullptr) {
                if (excludeLayers.count(p) != 0) {
                    return;
                }
                p = p->getParent();
            }

            visitor(layer);
        });
    };

    return captureScreenCommon(std::move(renderAreaFuture), traverseLayers, reqSize,
                               args.pixelFormat, args.allowProtected, args.grayscale,
                               captureListener);
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::captureScreenCommon(RenderAreaFuture renderAreaFuture,
                                             TraverseLayersFunction traverseLayers,
                                             ui::Size bufferSize, ui::PixelFormat reqPixelFormat,
                                             bool allowProtected, bool grayscale,
                                             const sp<IScreenCaptureListener>& captureListener) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    // Loop over all visible layers to see whether there's any protected layer. A protected layer is
    // typically a layer with DRM contents, or have the GRALLOC_USAGE_PROTECTED set on the buffer.
    // A protected layer has no implication on whether it's secure, which is explicitly set by
    // application to avoid being screenshot or drawn via unsecure display.
    const bool supportsProtected = getRenderEngine().supportsProtectedContent();
    bool hasProtectedLayer = false;
    if (allowProtected && supportsProtected) {
        hasProtectedLayer = schedule([=]() {
                                bool protectedLayerFound = false;
                                traverseLayers([&](Layer* layer) {
                                    protectedLayerFound = protectedLayerFound ||
                                            (layer->isVisible() && layer->isProtected());
                                });
                                return protectedLayerFound;
                            }).get();
    }

    const uint32_t usage = GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_COMPOSER | GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_RENDER |
            GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_TEXTURE |
            (hasProtectedLayer && allowProtected && supportsProtected
                     ? GRALLOC_USAGE_PROTECTED
                     : GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN);
    sp<GraphicBuffer> buffer =
            getFactory().createGraphicBuffer(bufferSize.getWidth(), bufferSize.getHeight(),
                                             static_cast<android_pixel_format>(reqPixelFormat),
                                             1 /* layerCount */, usage, "screenshot");

    const status_t bufferStatus = buffer->initCheck();
    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(bufferStatus != OK, "captureScreenCommon: Buffer failed to allocate: %d",
                        bufferStatus);
    const auto texture = std::make_shared<
            renderengine::ExternalTexture>(buffer, getRenderEngine(),
                                           renderengine::ExternalTexture::Usage::WRITEABLE);
    return captureScreenCommon(std::move(renderAreaFuture), traverseLayers, texture,
                               false /* regionSampling */, grayscale, captureListener);
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::captureScreenCommon(
        RenderAreaFuture renderAreaFuture, TraverseLayersFunction traverseLayers,
        const std::shared_ptr<renderengine::ExternalTexture>& buffer, bool regionSampling,
        bool grayscale, const sp<IScreenCaptureListener>& captureListener) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    if (captureListener == nullptr) {
        ALOGE("capture screen must provide a capture listener callback");
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    const int uid = IPCThreadState::self()->getCallingUid();
    const bool forSystem = uid == AID_GRAPHICS || uid == AID_SYSTEM;

    static_cast<void>(schedule([=, renderAreaFuture = std::move(renderAreaFuture)]() mutable {
        if (mRefreshPending) {
            ALOGW("Skipping screenshot for now");
            captureScreenCommon(std::move(renderAreaFuture), traverseLayers, buffer, regionSampling,
                                grayscale, captureListener);
            return;
        }
        ScreenCaptureResults captureResults;
        std::unique_ptr<RenderArea> renderArea = renderAreaFuture.get();
        if (!renderArea) {
            ALOGW("Skipping screen capture because of invalid render area.");
            captureResults.result = NO_MEMORY;
            captureListener->onScreenCaptureCompleted(captureResults);
            return;
        }

        status_t result = NO_ERROR;
        renderArea->render([&] {
            result = renderScreenImplLocked(*renderArea, traverseLayers, buffer, forSystem,
                                            regionSampling, grayscale, captureResults);
        });

        captureResults.result = result;
        captureListener->onScreenCaptureCompleted(captureResults);
    }));

    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::renderScreenImplLocked(
        const RenderArea& renderArea, TraverseLayersFunction traverseLayers,
        const std::shared_ptr<renderengine::ExternalTexture>& buffer, bool forSystem,
        bool regionSampling, bool grayscale, ScreenCaptureResults& captureResults) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    traverseLayers([&](Layer* layer) {
        captureResults.capturedSecureLayers =
                captureResults.capturedSecureLayers || (layer->isVisible() && layer->isSecure());
    });

    const bool useProtected = buffer->getBuffer()->getUsage() & GRALLOC_USAGE_PROTECTED;

    // We allow the system server to take screenshots of secure layers for
    // use in situations like the Screen-rotation animation and place
    // the impetus on WindowManager to not persist them.
    if (captureResults.capturedSecureLayers && !forSystem) {
        ALOGW("FB is protected: PERMISSION_DENIED");
        return PERMISSION_DENIED;
    }

    captureResults.buffer = buffer->getBuffer();
    captureResults.capturedDataspace = renderArea.getReqDataSpace();

    const auto reqWidth = renderArea.getReqWidth();
    const auto reqHeight = renderArea.getReqHeight();
    const auto sourceCrop = renderArea.getSourceCrop();
    const auto transform = renderArea.getTransform();
    const auto rotation = renderArea.getRotationFlags();
    const auto& layerStackSpaceRect = renderArea.getLayerStackSpaceRect();

    renderengine::DisplaySettings clientCompositionDisplay;
    std::vector<compositionengine::LayerFE::LayerSettings> clientCompositionLayers;

    // assume that bounds are never offset, and that they are the same as the
    // buffer bounds.
    clientCompositionDisplay.physicalDisplay = Rect(reqWidth, reqHeight);
    clientCompositionDisplay.clip = sourceCrop;
    clientCompositionDisplay.orientation = rotation;

    clientCompositionDisplay.outputDataspace = renderArea.getReqDataSpace();
    clientCompositionDisplay.maxLuminance = DisplayDevice::sDefaultMaxLumiance;

    const float colorSaturation = grayscale ? 0 : 1;
    clientCompositionDisplay.colorTransform = calculateColorMatrix(colorSaturation);

    const float alpha = RenderArea::getCaptureFillValue(renderArea.getCaptureFill());

    compositionengine::LayerFE::LayerSettings fillLayer;
    fillLayer.source.buffer.buffer = nullptr;
    fillLayer.source.solidColor = half3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    fillLayer.geometry.boundaries =
            FloatRect(sourceCrop.left, sourceCrop.top, sourceCrop.right, sourceCrop.bottom);
    fillLayer.alpha = half(alpha);
    clientCompositionLayers.push_back(fillLayer);

    const auto display = renderArea.getDisplayDevice();
    std::vector<Layer*> renderedLayers;
    Region clearRegion = Region::INVALID_REGION;
    bool disableBlurs = false;
    traverseLayers([&](Layer* layer) {
        disableBlurs |= layer->getCurrentState().sidebandStream != nullptr;

        Region clip(renderArea.getBounds());
        compositionengine::LayerFE::ClientCompositionTargetSettings targetSettings{
                clip,
                layer->needsFilteringForScreenshots(display.get(), transform) ||
                        renderArea.needsFiltering(),
                renderArea.isSecure(),
                useProtected,
                clearRegion,
                layerStackSpaceRect,
                clientCompositionDisplay.outputDataspace,
                true, /* realContentIsVisible */
                false, /* clearContent */
                disableBlurs,
        };
        std::vector<compositionengine::LayerFE::LayerSettings> results =
                layer->prepareClientCompositionList(targetSettings);
        if (results.size() > 0) {
            for (auto& settings : results) {
                settings.geometry.positionTransform =
                        transform.asMatrix4() * settings.geometry.positionTransform;
                // There's no need to process blurs when we're executing region sampling,
                // we're just trying to understand what we're drawing, and doing so without
                // blurs is already a pretty good approximation.
                if (regionSampling) {
                    settings.backgroundBlurRadius = 0;
                }
            }

            clientCompositionLayers.insert(clientCompositionLayers.end(),
                                           std::make_move_iterator(results.begin()),
                                           std::make_move_iterator(results.end()));
            renderedLayers.push_back(layer);
        }

    });

    std::vector<const renderengine::LayerSettings*> clientCompositionLayerPointers(
            clientCompositionLayers.size());
    std::transform(clientCompositionLayers.begin(), clientCompositionLayers.end(),
                   clientCompositionLayerPointers.begin(),
                   std::pointer_traits<renderengine::LayerSettings*>::pointer_to);

    clientCompositionDisplay.clearRegion = clearRegion;
    // Use an empty fence for the buffer fence, since we just created the buffer so
    // there is no need for synchronization with the GPU.
    base::unique_fd bufferFence;
    base::unique_fd drawFence;
    getRenderEngine().useProtectedContext(useProtected);

    const constexpr bool kUseFramebufferCache = false;
    getRenderEngine().drawLayers(clientCompositionDisplay, clientCompositionLayerPointers, buffer,
                                 kUseFramebufferCache, std::move(bufferFence), &drawFence);

    if (drawFence >= 0) {
        sp<Fence> releaseFence = new Fence(dup(drawFence));
        for (auto* layer : renderedLayers) {
            layer->onLayerDisplayed(releaseFence);
        }
    }

    captureResults.fence = new Fence(drawFence.release());
    // Always switch back to unprotected context.
    getRenderEngine().useProtectedContext(false);

    return NO_ERROR;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::setInputWindowsFinished() {
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
    signalSynchronousTransactions();
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

void SurfaceFlinger::State::traverse(const LayerVector::Visitor& visitor) const {
    layersSortedByZ.traverse(visitor);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::State::traverseInZOrder(const LayerVector::Visitor& visitor) const {
    layersSortedByZ.traverseInZOrder(stateSet, visitor);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::State::traverseInReverseZOrder(const LayerVector::Visitor& visitor) const {
    layersSortedByZ.traverseInReverseZOrder(stateSet, visitor);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::traverseLayersInLayerStack(ui::LayerStack layerStack, const int32_t uid,
                                                const LayerVector::Visitor& visitor) {
    // We loop through the first level of layers without traversing,
    // as we need to determine which layers belong to the requested display.
    for (const auto& layer : mDrawingState.layersSortedByZ) {
        if (!layer->belongsToDisplay(layerStack)) {
            continue;
        }
        // relative layers are traversed in Layer::traverseInZOrder
        layer->traverseInZOrder(LayerVector::StateSet::Drawing, [&](Layer* layer) {
            if (layer->getPrimaryDisplayOnly()) {
                return;
            }
            if (!layer->isVisible()) {
                return;
            }
            if (uid != CaptureArgs::UNSET_UID && layer->getOwnerUid() != uid) {
                return;
            }
            visitor(layer);
        });
    }
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::setDesiredDisplayModeSpecsInternal(
        const sp<DisplayDevice>& display,
        const std::optional<scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs::Policy>& policy, bool overridePolicy) {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!display->isPrimary() && overridePolicy,
                        "Can only set override policy on the primary display");
    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!policy && !overridePolicy, "Can only clear the override policy");

    if (mDebugDisplayModeSetByBackdoor) {
        // ignore this request as mode is overridden by backdoor
        return NO_ERROR;
    }

    if (!display->isPrimary()) {
        // TODO(b/144711714): For non-primary displays we should be able to set an active mode
        // as well. For now, just call directly to initiateModeChange but ideally
        // it should go thru setDesiredActiveMode, similar to primary display.
        ALOGV("%s for non-primary display", __func__);
        const auto displayId = display->getPhysicalId();

        hal::VsyncPeriodChangeConstraints constraints;
        constraints.desiredTimeNanos = systemTime();
        constraints.seamlessRequired = false;

        hal::VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline timeline = {0, 0, 0};
        if (display->initiateModeChange(policy->defaultMode, constraints, &timeline) != NO_ERROR) {
            return BAD_VALUE;
        }
        if (timeline.refreshRequired) {
            repaintEverythingForHWC();
        }

        display->setActiveMode(policy->defaultMode);
        const nsecs_t vsyncPeriod = display->getMode(policy->defaultMode)->getVsyncPeriod();
        mScheduler->onNonPrimaryDisplayModeChanged(mAppConnectionHandle, displayId,
                                                   policy->defaultMode, vsyncPeriod);
        return NO_ERROR;
    }

    status_t setPolicyResult = overridePolicy
            ? mRefreshRateConfigs->setOverridePolicy(policy)
            : mRefreshRateConfigs->setDisplayManagerPolicy(*policy);
    if (setPolicyResult < 0) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }
    if (setPolicyResult == scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs::CURRENT_POLICY_UNCHANGED) {
        return NO_ERROR;
    }
    scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs::Policy currentPolicy = mRefreshRateConfigs->getCurrentPolicy();

    ALOGV("Setting desired display mode specs: %s", currentPolicy.toString().c_str());

    // TODO(b/140204874): Leave the event in until we do proper testing with all apps that might
    // be depending in this callback.
    const auto activeMode = display->getActiveMode();
    const nsecs_t vsyncPeriod = activeMode->getVsyncPeriod();
    const auto physicalId = display->getPhysicalId();
    mScheduler->onPrimaryDisplayModeChanged(mAppConnectionHandle, physicalId, activeMode->getId(),
                                            vsyncPeriod);
    toggleKernelIdleTimer();

    auto modeId = mScheduler->getPreferredModeId();
    auto preferredRefreshRate = modeId
            ? mRefreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateFromModeId(*modeId)
            // NOTE: Choose the default mode ID, if Scheduler doesn't have one in mind.
            : mRefreshRateConfigs->getRefreshRateFromModeId(currentPolicy.defaultMode);
    ALOGV("trying to switch to Scheduler preferred mode %d (%s)",
          preferredRefreshRate.getModeId().value(), preferredRefreshRate.getName().c_str());

    if (isDisplayModeAllowed(preferredRefreshRate.getModeId())) {
        ALOGV("switching to Scheduler preferred display mode %d",
              preferredRefreshRate.getModeId().value());
        setDesiredActiveMode({preferredRefreshRate.getModeId(), Scheduler::ModeEvent::Changed});
    } else {
        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("Desired display mode not allowed: %d",
                         preferredRefreshRate.getModeId().value());
    }

    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::setDesiredDisplayModeSpecs(
        const sp<IBinder>& displayToken, ui::DisplayModeId defaultMode, bool allowGroupSwitching,
        float primaryRefreshRateMin, float primaryRefreshRateMax, float appRequestRefreshRateMin,
        float appRequestRefreshRateMax) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    if (!displayToken) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    auto future = schedule([=]() -> status_t {
        const auto display = ON_MAIN_THREAD(getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken));
        if (!display) {
            ALOGE("Attempt to set desired display modes for invalid display token %p",
                  displayToken.get());
            return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
        } else if (display->isVirtual()) {
            ALOGW("Attempt to set desired display modes for virtual display");
            return INVALID_OPERATION;
        } else {
            using Policy = scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs::Policy;
            const Policy policy{DisplayModeId(defaultMode),
                                allowGroupSwitching,
                                {Fps(primaryRefreshRateMin), Fps(primaryRefreshRateMax)},
                                {Fps(appRequestRefreshRateMin), Fps(appRequestRefreshRateMax)}};
            constexpr bool kOverridePolicy = false;

            return setDesiredDisplayModeSpecsInternal(display, policy, kOverridePolicy);
        }
    });

    return future.get();
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getDesiredDisplayModeSpecs(const sp<IBinder>& displayToken,
                                                    ui::DisplayModeId* outDefaultMode,
                                                    bool* outAllowGroupSwitching,
                                                    float* outPrimaryRefreshRateMin,
                                                    float* outPrimaryRefreshRateMax,
                                                    float* outAppRequestRefreshRateMin,
                                                    float* outAppRequestRefreshRateMax) {
    ATRACE_CALL();

    if (!displayToken || !outDefaultMode || !outPrimaryRefreshRateMin ||
        !outPrimaryRefreshRateMax || !outAppRequestRefreshRateMin || !outAppRequestRefreshRateMax) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
    const auto display = getDisplayDeviceLocked(displayToken);
    if (!display) {
        return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
    }

    if (display->isPrimary()) {
        scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs::Policy policy =
                mRefreshRateConfigs->getDisplayManagerPolicy();
        *outDefaultMode = policy.defaultMode.value();
        *outAllowGroupSwitching = policy.allowGroupSwitching;
        *outPrimaryRefreshRateMin = policy.primaryRange.min.getValue();
        *outPrimaryRefreshRateMax = policy.primaryRange.max.getValue();
        *outAppRequestRefreshRateMin = policy.appRequestRange.min.getValue();
        *outAppRequestRefreshRateMax = policy.appRequestRange.max.getValue();
        return NO_ERROR;
    } else if (display->isVirtual()) {
        return INVALID_OPERATION;
    } else {
        const auto activeMode = display->getActiveMode();
        *outDefaultMode = activeMode->getId().value();
        *outAllowGroupSwitching = false;
        auto vsyncPeriod = activeMode->getVsyncPeriod();
        *outPrimaryRefreshRateMin = Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(vsyncPeriod).getValue();
        *outPrimaryRefreshRateMax = Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(vsyncPeriod).getValue();
        *outAppRequestRefreshRateMin = Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(vsyncPeriod).getValue();
        *outAppRequestRefreshRateMax = Fps::fromPeriodNsecs(vsyncPeriod).getValue();
        return NO_ERROR;
    }
}

wp<Layer> SurfaceFlinger::fromHandle(const sp<IBinder>& handle) {
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
    return fromHandleLocked(handle);
}

wp<Layer> SurfaceFlinger::fromHandleLocked(const sp<IBinder>& handle) const {
    BBinder* b = nullptr;
    if (handle) {
        b = handle->localBinder();
    }
    if (b == nullptr) {
        return nullptr;
    }
    auto it = mLayersByLocalBinderToken.find(b);
    if (it != mLayersByLocalBinderToken.end()) {
        return it->second;
    }
    return nullptr;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onLayerFirstRef(Layer* layer) {
    mNumLayers++;
    mScheduler->registerLayer(layer);
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onLayerDestroyed(Layer* layer) {
    mScheduler->deregisterLayer(layer);
    mNumLayers--;
    removeFromOffscreenLayers(layer);
}

// WARNING: ONLY CALL THIS FROM LAYER DTOR
// Here we add children in the current state to offscreen layers and remove the
// layer itself from the offscreen layer list.  Since
// this is the dtor, it is safe to access the current state.  This keeps us
// from dangling children layers such that they are not reachable from the
// Drawing state nor the offscreen layer list
// See b/141111965
void SurfaceFlinger::removeFromOffscreenLayers(Layer* layer) {
    for (auto& child : layer->getCurrentChildren()) {
        mOffscreenLayers.emplace(child.get());
    }
    mOffscreenLayers.erase(layer);
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::setGlobalShadowSettings(const half4& ambientColor, const half4& spotColor,
                                                 float lightPosY, float lightPosZ,
                                                 float lightRadius) {
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mStateLock);
    mCurrentState.globalShadowSettings.ambientColor = vec4(ambientColor);
    mCurrentState.globalShadowSettings.spotColor = vec4(spotColor);
    mCurrentState.globalShadowSettings.lightPos.y = lightPosY;
    mCurrentState.globalShadowSettings.lightPos.z = lightPosZ;
    mCurrentState.globalShadowSettings.lightRadius = lightRadius;

    // these values are overridden when calculating the shadow settings for a layer.
    mCurrentState.globalShadowSettings.lightPos.x = 0.f;
    mCurrentState.globalShadowSettings.length = 0.f;
    return NO_ERROR;
}

const std::unordered_map<std::string, uint32_t>& SurfaceFlinger::getGenericLayerMetadataKeyMap()
        const {
    // TODO(b/149500060): Remove this fixed/static mapping. Please prefer taking
    // on the work to remove the table in that bug rather than adding more to
    // it.
    static const std::unordered_map<std::string, uint32_t> genericLayerMetadataKeyMap{
            {"org.chromium.arc.V1_0.TaskId", METADATA_TASK_ID},
            {"org.chromium.arc.V1_0.CursorInfo", METADATA_MOUSE_CURSOR},
    };
    return genericLayerMetadataKeyMap;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::setFrameRate(const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& surface, float frameRate,
                                      int8_t compatibility, int8_t changeFrameRateStrategy) {
    if (!ValidateFrameRate(frameRate, compatibility, changeFrameRateStrategy,
                           "SurfaceFlinger::setFrameRate")) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    static_cast<void>(schedule([=] {
        Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
        if (authenticateSurfaceTextureLocked(surface)) {
            sp<Layer> layer = (static_cast<MonitoredProducer*>(surface.get()))->getLayer();
            if (layer == nullptr) {
                ALOGE("Attempt to set frame rate on a layer that no longer exists");
                return BAD_VALUE;
            }
            const auto strategy =
                    Layer::FrameRate::convertChangeFrameRateStrategy(changeFrameRateStrategy);
            if (layer->setFrameRate(
                        Layer::FrameRate(Fps{frameRate},
                                         Layer::FrameRate::convertCompatibility(compatibility),
                                         strategy))) {
                setTransactionFlags(eTraversalNeeded);
            }
        } else {
            ALOGE("Attempt to set frame rate on an unrecognized IGraphicBufferProducer");
            return BAD_VALUE;
        }
        return NO_ERROR;
    }));

    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::acquireFrameRateFlexibilityToken(sp<IBinder>* outToken) {
    if (!outToken) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    auto future = schedule([this] {
        status_t result = NO_ERROR;
        sp<IBinder> token;

        if (mFrameRateFlexibilityTokenCount == 0) {
            const auto display = ON_MAIN_THREAD(getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked());

            // This is a little racy, but not in a way that hurts anything. As we grab the
            // defaultMode from the display manager policy, we could be setting a new display
            // manager policy, leaving us using a stale defaultMode. The defaultMode doesn't
            // matter for the override policy though, since we set allowGroupSwitching to
            // true, so it's not a problem.
            scheduler::RefreshRateConfigs::Policy overridePolicy;
            overridePolicy.defaultMode = mRefreshRateConfigs->getDisplayManagerPolicy().defaultMode;
            overridePolicy.allowGroupSwitching = true;
            constexpr bool kOverridePolicy = true;
            result = setDesiredDisplayModeSpecsInternal(display, overridePolicy, kOverridePolicy);
        }

        if (result == NO_ERROR) {
            mFrameRateFlexibilityTokenCount++;
            // Handing out a reference to the SurfaceFlinger object, as we're doing in the line
            // below, is something to consider carefully. The lifetime of the
            // FrameRateFlexibilityToken isn't tied to SurfaceFlinger object lifetime, so if this
            // SurfaceFlinger object were to be destroyed while the token still exists, the token
            // destructor would be accessing a stale SurfaceFlinger reference, and crash. This is ok
            // in this case, for two reasons:
            //   1. Once SurfaceFlinger::run() is called by main_surfaceflinger.cpp, the only way
            //   the program exits is via a crash. So we won't have a situation where the
            //   SurfaceFlinger object is dead but the process is still up.
            //   2. The frame rate flexibility token is acquired/released only by CTS tests, so even
            //   if condition 1 were changed, the problem would only show up when running CTS tests,
            //   not on end user devices, so we could spot it and fix it without serious impact.
            token = new FrameRateFlexibilityToken(
                    [this]() { onFrameRateFlexibilityTokenReleased(); });
            ALOGD("Frame rate flexibility token acquired. count=%d",
                  mFrameRateFlexibilityTokenCount);
        }

        return std::make_pair(result, token);
    });

    status_t result;
    std::tie(result, *outToken) = future.get();
    return result;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::onFrameRateFlexibilityTokenReleased() {
    static_cast<void>(schedule([this] {
        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mFrameRateFlexibilityTokenCount == 0,
                            "Failed tracking frame rate flexibility tokens");
        mFrameRateFlexibilityTokenCount--;
        ALOGD("Frame rate flexibility token released. count=%d", mFrameRateFlexibilityTokenCount);
        if (mFrameRateFlexibilityTokenCount == 0) {
            const auto display = ON_MAIN_THREAD(getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked());
            constexpr bool kOverridePolicy = true;
            status_t result = setDesiredDisplayModeSpecsInternal(display, {}, kOverridePolicy);
            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(result < 0, "Failed releasing frame rate flexibility token");
        }
    }));
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::setFrameTimelineInfo(const sp<IGraphicBufferProducer>& surface,
                                              const FrameTimelineInfo& frameTimelineInfo) {
    Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);
    if (!authenticateSurfaceTextureLocked(surface)) {
        ALOGE("Attempt to set frame timeline info on an unrecognized IGraphicBufferProducer");
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    sp<Layer> layer = (static_cast<MonitoredProducer*>(surface.get()))->getLayer();
    if (layer == nullptr) {
        ALOGE("Attempt to set frame timeline info on a layer that no longer exists");
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    layer->setFrameTimelineInfoForBuffer(frameTimelineInfo);
    return NO_ERROR;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::enableRefreshRateOverlay(bool enable) {
    static_cast<void>(schedule([=] {
        std::unique_ptr<RefreshRateOverlay> overlay;
        if (enable) {
            overlay = std::make_unique<RefreshRateOverlay>(*this, mRefreshRateOverlaySpinner);
        }

        {
            Mutex::Autolock lock(mStateLock);

            // Destroy the layer of the current overlay, if any, outside the lock.
            mRefreshRateOverlay.swap(overlay);
            if (!mRefreshRateOverlay) return;

            if (const auto display = getDefaultDisplayDeviceLocked()) {
                mRefreshRateOverlay->setViewport(display->getSize());
                mRefreshRateOverlay->changeRefreshRate(display->getActiveMode()->getFps());
            }
        }
    }));
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::addTransactionTraceListener(
        const sp<gui::ITransactionTraceListener>& listener) {
    if (!listener) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }

    mInterceptor->addTransactionTraceListener(listener);

    return NO_ERROR;
}

int SurfaceFlinger::getGPUContextPriority() {
    return getRenderEngine().getContextPriority();
}

int SurfaceFlinger::calculateExtraBufferCount(Fps maxSupportedRefreshRate,
                                              std::chrono::nanoseconds presentLatency) {
    auto pipelineDepth = presentLatency.count() / maxSupportedRefreshRate.getPeriodNsecs();
    if (presentLatency.count() % maxSupportedRefreshRate.getPeriodNsecs()) {
        pipelineDepth++;
    }
    return std::max(0ll, pipelineDepth - 2);
}

status_t SurfaceFlinger::getExtraBufferCount(int* extraBuffers) const {
    const auto maxSupportedRefreshRate = mRefreshRateConfigs->getSupportedRefreshRateRange().max;
    const auto vsyncConfig =
            mVsyncConfiguration->getConfigsForRefreshRate(maxSupportedRefreshRate).late;
    const auto presentLatency = vsyncConfig.appWorkDuration + vsyncConfig.sfWorkDuration;

    *extraBuffers = calculateExtraBufferCount(maxSupportedRefreshRate, presentLatency);
    return NO_ERROR;
}

void SurfaceFlinger::TransactionState::traverseStatesWithBuffers(
        std::function<void(const layer_state_t&)> visitor) {
    for (const auto& state : states) {
        if (state.state.hasBufferChanges() && (state.state.surface)) {
            visitor(state.state);
        }
    }
}

} // namespace android

#if defined(__gl_h_)
#error "don't include gl/gl.h in this file"
#endif

#if defined(__gl2_h_)
#error "don't include gl2/gl2.h in this file"
#endif

// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
#pragma clang diagnostic pop // ignored "-Wconversion -Wextra"