libs/jpegrecoverymap/recoverymap.cpp

/*
 * Copyright 2022 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <jpegrecoverymap/recoverymap.h>
#include <jpegrecoverymap/jpegencoder.h>
#include <jpegrecoverymap/jpegdecoder.h>
#include <jpegrecoverymap/recoverymapmath.h>
#include <jpegrecoverymap/recoverymaputils.h>

#include <image_io/jpeg/jpeg_marker.h>
#include <image_io/jpeg/jpeg_info.h>
#include <image_io/jpeg/jpeg_scanner.h>
#include <image_io/jpeg/jpeg_info_builder.h>
#include <image_io/base/data_segment_data_source.h>

#include <memory>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;
using namespace photos_editing_formats::image_io;

namespace android::recoverymap {

#define JPEGR_CHECK(x)          \
  {                             \
    status_t status = (x);      \
    if ((status) != NO_ERROR) { \
      return status;            \
    }                           \
  }

// The current JPEGR version that we encode to
static const uint32_t kJpegrVersion = 1;

// Map is quarter res / sixteenth size
static const size_t kMapDimensionScaleFactor = 4;
// JPEG compress quality (0 ~ 100) for recovery map
static const int kMapCompressQuality = 85;

// TODO: fill in st2086 metadata
static const st2086_metadata kSt2086Metadata = {
  {0.0f, 0.0f},
  {0.0f, 0.0f},
  {0.0f, 0.0f},
  {0.0f, 0.0f},
  0,
  1.0f,
};

/*
 * Helper function used for writing data to destination.
 *
 * @param destination destination of the data to be written.
 * @param source source of data being written.
 * @param length length of the data to be written.
 * @param position cursor in desitination where the data is to be written.
 * @return status of succeed or error code.
 */
status_t Write(jr_compressed_ptr destination, const void* source, size_t length, int &position) {
  if (position + length > destination->maxLength) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
  }

  memcpy((uint8_t*)destination->data + sizeof(uint8_t) * position, source, length);
  position += length;
  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t Write(jr_exif_ptr destination, const void* source, size_t length, int &position) {
  memcpy((uint8_t*)destination->data + sizeof(uint8_t) * position, source, length);
  position += length;
  return NO_ERROR;
}

// If the EXIF package doesn't exist in the input JPEG, we'll create one with one entry
// where the length is represented by this value.
const size_t PSEUDO_EXIF_PACKAGE_LENGTH = 28;
// If the EXIF package exists in the input JPEG, we'll add an "JR" entry where the length is
// represented by this value.
const size_t EXIF_J_R_ENTRY_LENGTH = 12;

/*
 * Helper function
 * Add J R entry to existing exif, or create a new one with J R entry if it's null.
 * EXIF syntax / change:
 * ori:
 * FF E1 - APP1
 * 01 FC - size of APP1 (to be calculated)
 * -----------------------------------------------------
 * 45 78 69 66 00 00 - Exif\0\0 "Exif header"
 * 49 49 2A 00 - TIFF Header
 * 08 00 00 00 - offset to the IFD (image file directory)
 * 06 00 - 6 entries
 * 00 01 - Width Tag
 * 03 00 - 'Short' type
 * 01 00 00 00 - one entry
 * 00 05 00 00 - image with 0x500
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * new:
 * FF E1 - APP1
 * 02 08 - new size, equals to old size + EXIF_J_R_ENTRY_LENGTH (12)
 *-----------------------------------------------------
 * 45 78 69 66 00 00 - Exif\0\0 "Exif header"
 * 49 49 2A 00 - TIFF Header
 * 08 00 00 00 - offset to the IFD (image file directory)
 * 07 00 - +1 entry
 * 4A 52   Custom ('J''R') Tag
 * 07 00 - Unknown type
 * 01 00 00 00 - one element
 * 00 00 00 00 - empty data
 * 00 01 - Width Tag
 * 03 00 - 'Short' type
 * 01 00 00 00 - one entry
 * 00 05 00 00 - image with 0x500
 */
status_t updateExif(jr_exif_ptr exif, jr_exif_ptr dest) {
  if (exif == nullptr || exif->data == nullptr) {
    uint8_t data[PSEUDO_EXIF_PACKAGE_LENGTH] = {
        0x45, 0x78, 0x69, 0x66, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x49, 0x49, 0x2A, 0x00,
        0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x01, 0x00,
        0x4A, 0x52,
        0x07, 0x00,
        0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
    int pos = 0;
    Write(dest, data, PSEUDO_EXIF_PACKAGE_LENGTH, pos);
    return NO_ERROR;
  }

  int num_entry = 0;
  uint8_t num_entry_low = 0;
  uint8_t num_entry_high = 0;
  bool use_big_endian = false;
  if (reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(exif->data)[3] == 0x4949) {
      num_entry_low = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(exif->data)[14];
      num_entry_high = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(exif->data)[15];
  } else if (reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(exif->data)[3] == 0x4d4d) {
      use_big_endian = true;
      num_entry_high = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(exif->data)[14];
      num_entry_low = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(exif->data)[15];
  } else {
      return ERROR_JPEGR_METADATA_ERROR;
  }
  num_entry = (num_entry_high << 8) | num_entry_low;
  num_entry += 1;
  num_entry_low = num_entry & 0xff;
  num_entry_high = (num_entry << 8) & 0xff;

  int pos = 0;
  Write(dest, (uint8_t*)exif->data, 14, pos);

  if (use_big_endian) {
    Write(dest, &num_entry_high, 1, pos);
    Write(dest, &num_entry_low, 1, pos);
    uint8_t data[EXIF_J_R_ENTRY_LENGTH] = {
          0x4A, 0x52,
          0x07, 0x00,
          0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
          0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
    Write(dest, data, EXIF_J_R_ENTRY_LENGTH, pos);
  } else {
    Write(dest, &num_entry_low, 1, pos);
    Write(dest, &num_entry_high, 1, pos);
    uint8_t data[EXIF_J_R_ENTRY_LENGTH] = {
          0x4A, 0x52,
          0x00, 0x07,
          0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
          0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
    Write(dest, data, EXIF_J_R_ENTRY_LENGTH, pos);
  }

  Write(dest, (uint8_t*)exif->data + 16, exif->length - 16, pos);

  return NO_ERROR;
}

/*
 * Helper function copies the JPEG image from without EXIF.
 *
 * @param dest destination of the data to be written.
 * @param source source of data being written.
 * @param exif_pos position of the EXIF package, which is aligned with jpegdecoder.getEXIFPos().
 *                 (4 bypes offset to FF sign, the byte after FF E1 XX XX <this byte>).
 * @param exif_size exif size without the initial 4 bytes, aligned with jpegdecoder.getEXIFSize().
 */
void copyJpegWithoutExif(jr_compressed_ptr dest,
                         jr_compressed_ptr source,
                         size_t exif_pos,
                         size_t exif_size) {
  memcpy(dest, source, sizeof(jpegr_compressed_struct));

  const size_t exif_offset = 4; //exif_pos has 4 bypes offset to the FF sign
  dest->length = source->length - exif_size - exif_offset;
  dest->data = malloc(dest->length);

  memcpy(dest->data, source->data, exif_pos - exif_offset);
  memcpy((uint8_t*)dest->data + exif_pos - exif_offset,
         (uint8_t*)source->data + exif_pos + exif_size,
         source->length - exif_pos - exif_size);
}

/* Encode API-0 */
status_t RecoveryMap::encodeJPEGR(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_p010_image,
                                  jpegr_transfer_function hdr_tf,
                                  jr_compressed_ptr dest,
                                  int quality,
                                  jr_exif_ptr exif) {
  if (uncompressed_p010_image == nullptr || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  if (quality < 0 || quality > 100) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  jpegr_metadata metadata;
  metadata.version = kJpegrVersion;
  metadata.transferFunction = hdr_tf;
  if (hdr_tf == JPEGR_TF_PQ) {
    metadata.hdr10Metadata.st2086Metadata = kSt2086Metadata;
  }

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct uncompressed_yuv_420_image;
  unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> uncompressed_yuv_420_image_data = make_unique<uint8_t[]>(
      uncompressed_p010_image->width * uncompressed_p010_image->height * 3 / 2);
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.data = uncompressed_yuv_420_image_data.get();
  JPEGR_CHECK(toneMap(uncompressed_p010_image, &uncompressed_yuv_420_image));

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct map;
  JPEGR_CHECK(generateRecoveryMap(
      &uncompressed_yuv_420_image, uncompressed_p010_image, &metadata, &map));
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> map_data;
  map_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(map.data));

  jpegr_compressed_struct compressed_map;
  compressed_map.maxLength = map.width * map.height;
  unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> compressed_map_data = make_unique<uint8_t[]>(compressed_map.maxLength);
  compressed_map.data = compressed_map_data.get();
  JPEGR_CHECK(compressRecoveryMap(&map, &compressed_map));

  JpegEncoder jpeg_encoder;
  // TODO: determine ICC data based on color gamut information
  if (!jpeg_encoder.compressImage(uncompressed_yuv_420_image.data,
                                  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.width,
                                  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.height, quality, nullptr, 0)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_ENCODE_ERROR;
  }
  jpegr_compressed_struct jpeg;
  jpeg.data = jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImagePtr();
  jpeg.length = jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImageSize();

  jpegr_exif_struct new_exif;
  if (exif == nullptr || exif->data == nullptr) {
      new_exif.length = PSEUDO_EXIF_PACKAGE_LENGTH;
  } else {
      new_exif.length = exif->length + EXIF_J_R_ENTRY_LENGTH;
  }
  new_exif.data = new uint8_t[new_exif.length];
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> new_exif_data;
  new_exif_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(new_exif.data));
  JPEGR_CHECK(updateExif(exif, &new_exif));

  JPEGR_CHECK(appendRecoveryMap(&jpeg, &compressed_map, &new_exif, &metadata, dest));

  return NO_ERROR;
}

/* Encode API-1 */
status_t RecoveryMap::encodeJPEGR(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_p010_image,
                                  jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_yuv_420_image,
                                  jpegr_transfer_function hdr_tf,
                                  jr_compressed_ptr dest,
                                  int quality,
                                  jr_exif_ptr exif) {
  if (uncompressed_p010_image == nullptr
   || uncompressed_yuv_420_image == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  if (quality < 0 || quality > 100) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  if (uncompressed_p010_image->width != uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width
   || uncompressed_p010_image->height != uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_RESOLUTION_MISMATCH;
  }

  jpegr_metadata metadata;
  metadata.version = kJpegrVersion;
  metadata.transferFunction = hdr_tf;
  if (hdr_tf == JPEGR_TF_PQ) {
    metadata.hdr10Metadata.st2086Metadata = kSt2086Metadata;
  }

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct map;
  JPEGR_CHECK(generateRecoveryMap(
      uncompressed_yuv_420_image, uncompressed_p010_image, &metadata, &map));
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> map_data;
  map_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(map.data));

  jpegr_compressed_struct compressed_map;
  compressed_map.maxLength = map.width * map.height;
  unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> compressed_map_data = make_unique<uint8_t[]>(compressed_map.maxLength);
  compressed_map.data = compressed_map_data.get();
  JPEGR_CHECK(compressRecoveryMap(&map, &compressed_map));

  JpegEncoder jpeg_encoder;
  // TODO: determine ICC data based on color gamut information
  if (!jpeg_encoder.compressImage(uncompressed_yuv_420_image->data,
                                  uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width,
                                  uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height, quality, nullptr, 0)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_ENCODE_ERROR;
  }
  jpegr_compressed_struct jpeg;
  jpeg.data = jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImagePtr();
  jpeg.length = jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImageSize();

  jpegr_exif_struct new_exif;
  if (exif == nullptr || exif->data == nullptr) {
      new_exif.length = PSEUDO_EXIF_PACKAGE_LENGTH;
  } else {
      new_exif.length = exif->length + EXIF_J_R_ENTRY_LENGTH;
  }

  new_exif.data = new uint8_t[new_exif.length];
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> new_exif_data;
  new_exif_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(new_exif.data));
  JPEGR_CHECK(updateExif(exif, &new_exif));

  JPEGR_CHECK(appendRecoveryMap(&jpeg, &compressed_map, &new_exif, &metadata, dest));

  return NO_ERROR;
}

/* Encode API-2 */
status_t RecoveryMap::encodeJPEGR(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_p010_image,
                                  jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_yuv_420_image,
                                  jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpeg_image,
                                  jpegr_transfer_function hdr_tf,
                                  jr_compressed_ptr dest) {
  if (uncompressed_p010_image == nullptr
   || uncompressed_yuv_420_image == nullptr
   || compressed_jpeg_image == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  if (uncompressed_p010_image->width != uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width
   || uncompressed_p010_image->height != uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_RESOLUTION_MISMATCH;
  }

  jpegr_metadata metadata;
  metadata.version = kJpegrVersion;
  metadata.transferFunction = hdr_tf;
  if (hdr_tf == JPEGR_TF_PQ) {
    metadata.hdr10Metadata.st2086Metadata = kSt2086Metadata;
  }

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct map;
  JPEGR_CHECK(generateRecoveryMap(
      uncompressed_yuv_420_image, uncompressed_p010_image, &metadata, &map));
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> map_data;
  map_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(map.data));

  jpegr_compressed_struct compressed_map;
  compressed_map.maxLength = map.width * map.height;
  unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> compressed_map_data = make_unique<uint8_t[]>(compressed_map.maxLength);
  compressed_map.data = compressed_map_data.get();
  JPEGR_CHECK(compressRecoveryMap(&map, &compressed_map));

  // Extract EXIF from JPEG without decoding.
  JpegDecoder jpeg_decoder;
  if (!jpeg_decoder.extractEXIF(compressed_jpeg_image->data, compressed_jpeg_image->length)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
  }

  // Update exif.
  jpegr_exif_struct exif;
  exif.data = nullptr;
  exif.length = 0;
  jpegr_compressed_struct new_jpeg_image;
  new_jpeg_image.data = nullptr;
  new_jpeg_image.length = 0;
  if (jpeg_decoder.getEXIFPos() != 0) {
    copyJpegWithoutExif(&new_jpeg_image,
                        compressed_jpeg_image,
                        jpeg_decoder.getEXIFPos(),
                        jpeg_decoder.getEXIFSize());
    exif.data = jpeg_decoder.getEXIFPtr();
    exif.length = jpeg_decoder.getEXIFSize();
  }

  jpegr_exif_struct new_exif;
  if (exif.data == nullptr) {
      new_exif.length = PSEUDO_EXIF_PACKAGE_LENGTH;
  } else {
      new_exif.length = exif.length + EXIF_J_R_ENTRY_LENGTH;
  }

  new_exif.data = new uint8_t[new_exif.length];
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> new_exif_data;
  new_exif_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(new_exif.data));
  JPEGR_CHECK(updateExif(&exif, &new_exif));

  JPEGR_CHECK(appendRecoveryMap(
          new_jpeg_image.data == nullptr ? compressed_jpeg_image : &new_jpeg_image,
          &compressed_map, &new_exif, &metadata, dest));

  if (new_jpeg_image.data != nullptr) {
    free(new_jpeg_image.data);
  }

  return NO_ERROR;
}

/* Encode API-3 */
status_t RecoveryMap::encodeJPEGR(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_p010_image,
                                  jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpeg_image,
                                  jpegr_transfer_function hdr_tf,
                                  jr_compressed_ptr dest) {
  if (uncompressed_p010_image == nullptr
   || compressed_jpeg_image == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  JpegDecoder jpeg_decoder;
  if (!jpeg_decoder.decompressImage(compressed_jpeg_image->data, compressed_jpeg_image->length)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
  }
  jpegr_uncompressed_struct uncompressed_yuv_420_image;
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.data = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImagePtr();
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.width = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageWidth();
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.height = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageHeight();
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.colorGamut = compressed_jpeg_image->colorGamut;

  // Update exif.
  jpegr_exif_struct exif;
  exif.data = nullptr;
  exif.length = 0;
  jpegr_compressed_struct new_jpeg_image;
  new_jpeg_image.data = nullptr;
  new_jpeg_image.length = 0;
  if (jpeg_decoder.getEXIFPos() != 0) {
    copyJpegWithoutExif(&new_jpeg_image,
                        compressed_jpeg_image,
                        jpeg_decoder.getEXIFPos(),
                        jpeg_decoder.getEXIFSize());
    exif.data = jpeg_decoder.getEXIFPtr();
    exif.length = jpeg_decoder.getEXIFSize();
  }

  jpegr_exif_struct new_exif;
  if (exif.data == nullptr) {
      new_exif.length = PSEUDO_EXIF_PACKAGE_LENGTH;
  } else {
      new_exif.length = exif.length + EXIF_J_R_ENTRY_LENGTH;
  }
  new_exif.data = new uint8_t[new_exif.length];
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> new_exif_data;
  new_exif_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(new_exif.data));
  JPEGR_CHECK(updateExif(&exif, &new_exif));

  if (uncompressed_p010_image->width != uncompressed_yuv_420_image.width
   || uncompressed_p010_image->height != uncompressed_yuv_420_image.height) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_RESOLUTION_MISMATCH;
  }

  jpegr_metadata metadata;
  metadata.version = kJpegrVersion;
  metadata.transferFunction = hdr_tf;
  if (hdr_tf == JPEGR_TF_PQ) {
    metadata.hdr10Metadata.st2086Metadata = kSt2086Metadata;
  }

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct map;
  JPEGR_CHECK(generateRecoveryMap(
      &uncompressed_yuv_420_image, uncompressed_p010_image, &metadata, &map));
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> map_data;
  map_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(map.data));

  jpegr_compressed_struct compressed_map;
  compressed_map.maxLength = map.width * map.height;
  unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> compressed_map_data = make_unique<uint8_t[]>(compressed_map.maxLength);
  compressed_map.data = compressed_map_data.get();
  JPEGR_CHECK(compressRecoveryMap(&map, &compressed_map));

  JPEGR_CHECK(appendRecoveryMap(
          new_jpeg_image.data == nullptr ? compressed_jpeg_image : &new_jpeg_image,
          &compressed_map, &new_exif, &metadata, dest));

  if (new_jpeg_image.data != nullptr) {
    free(new_jpeg_image.data);
  }

  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t RecoveryMap::getJPEGRInfo(jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpegr_image,
                                   jr_info_ptr jpegr_info) {
  if (compressed_jpegr_image == nullptr || jpegr_info == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  jpegr_compressed_struct primary_image, recovery_map;
  JPEGR_CHECK(extractPrimaryImageAndRecoveryMap(compressed_jpegr_image,
                                                &primary_image, &recovery_map));

  JpegDecoder jpeg_decoder;
  if (!jpeg_decoder.getCompressedImageParameters(primary_image.data, primary_image.length,
                                                 &jpegr_info->width, &jpegr_info->height,
                                                 jpegr_info->iccData, jpegr_info->exifData)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
  }

  return NO_ERROR;
}

/* Decode API */
status_t RecoveryMap::decodeJPEGR(jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpegr_image,
                                  jr_uncompressed_ptr dest,
                                  jr_exif_ptr exif,
                                  bool request_sdr) {
  if (compressed_jpegr_image == nullptr || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }
  // TODO: fill EXIF data
  (void) exif;

  if (request_sdr) {
    JpegDecoder jpeg_decoder;
    if (!jpeg_decoder.decompressImage(compressed_jpegr_image->data, compressed_jpegr_image->length,
                                      true)) {
        return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
    }
    jpegr_uncompressed_struct uncompressed_rgba_image;
    uncompressed_rgba_image.data = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImagePtr();
    uncompressed_rgba_image.width = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageWidth();
    uncompressed_rgba_image.height = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageHeight();
    memcpy(dest->data, uncompressed_rgba_image.data,
           uncompressed_rgba_image.width * uncompressed_rgba_image.height * 4);
    dest->width = uncompressed_rgba_image.width;
    dest->height = uncompressed_rgba_image.height;
    return NO_ERROR;
  }

  jpegr_compressed_struct compressed_map;
  jpegr_metadata metadata;
  JPEGR_CHECK(extractRecoveryMap(compressed_jpegr_image, &compressed_map));

  JpegDecoder jpeg_decoder;
  if (!jpeg_decoder.decompressImage(compressed_jpegr_image->data, compressed_jpegr_image->length)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
  }

  JpegDecoder recovery_map_decoder;
  if (!recovery_map_decoder.decompressImage(compressed_map.data, compressed_map.length)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
  }

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct map;
  map.data = recovery_map_decoder.getDecompressedImagePtr();
  map.width = recovery_map_decoder.getDecompressedImageWidth();
  map.height = recovery_map_decoder.getDecompressedImageHeight();

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct uncompressed_yuv_420_image;
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.data = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImagePtr();
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.width = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageWidth();
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.height = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageHeight();

  if (!getMetadataFromXMP(static_cast<uint8_t*>(jpeg_decoder.getXMPPtr()),
                          jpeg_decoder.getXMPSize(), &metadata)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
  }

  JPEGR_CHECK(applyRecoveryMap(&uncompressed_yuv_420_image, &map, &metadata, dest));
  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t RecoveryMap::compressRecoveryMap(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_recovery_map,
                                          jr_compressed_ptr dest) {
  if (uncompressed_recovery_map == nullptr || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  // TODO: should we have ICC data for the map?
  JpegEncoder jpeg_encoder;
  if (!jpeg_encoder.compressImage(uncompressed_recovery_map->data,
                                  uncompressed_recovery_map->width,
                                  uncompressed_recovery_map->height,
                                  kMapCompressQuality,
                                  nullptr,
                                  0,
                                  true /* isSingleChannel */)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_ENCODE_ERROR;
  }

  if (dest->maxLength < jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImageSize()) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
  }

  memcpy(dest->data, jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImagePtr(), jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImageSize());
  dest->length = jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImageSize();
  dest->colorGamut = JPEGR_COLORGAMUT_UNSPECIFIED;

  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t RecoveryMap::generateRecoveryMap(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_yuv_420_image,
                                          jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_p010_image,
                                          jr_metadata_ptr metadata,
                                          jr_uncompressed_ptr dest) {
  if (uncompressed_yuv_420_image == nullptr
   || uncompressed_p010_image == nullptr
   || metadata == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  if (uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width != uncompressed_p010_image->width
   || uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height != uncompressed_p010_image->height) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_RESOLUTION_MISMATCH;
  }

  if (uncompressed_yuv_420_image->colorGamut == JPEGR_COLORGAMUT_UNSPECIFIED
   || uncompressed_p010_image->colorGamut == JPEGR_COLORGAMUT_UNSPECIFIED) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_COLORGAMUT;
  }

  size_t image_width = uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width;
  size_t image_height = uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height;
  size_t map_width = image_width / kMapDimensionScaleFactor;
  size_t map_height = image_height / kMapDimensionScaleFactor;

  dest->width = map_width;
  dest->height = map_height;
  dest->colorGamut = JPEGR_COLORGAMUT_UNSPECIFIED;
  dest->data = new uint8_t[map_width * map_height];
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> map_data;
  map_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(dest->data));

  ColorTransformFn hdrInvOetf = nullptr;
  float hdr_white_nits = 0.0f;
  switch (metadata->transferFunction) {
    case JPEGR_TF_LINEAR:
      hdrInvOetf = identityConversion;
      break;
    case JPEGR_TF_HLG:
      hdrInvOetf = hlgInvOetf;
      hdr_white_nits = kHlgMaxNits;
      break;
    case JPEGR_TF_PQ:
      hdrInvOetf = pqInvOetf;
      hdr_white_nits = kPqMaxNits;
      break;
  }

  ColorTransformFn hdrGamutConversionFn = getHdrConversionFn(
      uncompressed_yuv_420_image->colorGamut, uncompressed_p010_image->colorGamut);

  ColorCalculationFn luminanceFn = nullptr;
  switch (uncompressed_yuv_420_image->colorGamut) {
    case JPEGR_COLORGAMUT_BT709:
      luminanceFn = srgbLuminance;
      break;
    case JPEGR_COLORGAMUT_P3:
      luminanceFn = p3Luminance;
      break;
    case JPEGR_COLORGAMUT_BT2100:
      luminanceFn = bt2100Luminance;
      break;
    case JPEGR_COLORGAMUT_UNSPECIFIED:
      // Should be impossible to hit after input validation.
      return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_COLORGAMUT;
  }

  float hdr_y_nits_max = 0.0f;
  double hdr_y_nits_avg = 0.0f;
  for (size_t y = 0; y < image_height; ++y) {
    for (size_t x = 0; x < image_width; ++x) {
      Color hdr_yuv_gamma = getP010Pixel(uncompressed_p010_image, x, y);
      Color hdr_rgb_gamma = bt2100YuvToRgb(hdr_yuv_gamma);
      Color hdr_rgb = hdrInvOetf(hdr_rgb_gamma);
      hdr_rgb = hdrGamutConversionFn(hdr_rgb);
      float hdr_y_nits = luminanceFn(hdr_rgb) * hdr_white_nits;

      hdr_y_nits_avg += hdr_y_nits;
      if (hdr_y_nits > hdr_y_nits_max) {
        hdr_y_nits_max = hdr_y_nits;
      }
    }
  }
  hdr_y_nits_avg /= image_width * image_height;

  metadata->rangeScalingFactor = hdr_y_nits_max / kSdrWhiteNits;
  if (metadata->transferFunction == JPEGR_TF_PQ) {
    metadata->hdr10Metadata.maxFALL = hdr_y_nits_avg;
    metadata->hdr10Metadata.maxCLL = hdr_y_nits_max;
  }

  for (size_t y = 0; y < map_height; ++y) {
    for (size_t x = 0; x < map_width; ++x) {
      Color sdr_yuv_gamma = sampleYuv420(uncompressed_yuv_420_image,
                                         kMapDimensionScaleFactor, x, y);
      Color sdr_rgb_gamma = srgbYuvToRgb(sdr_yuv_gamma);
      Color sdr_rgb = srgbInvOetf(sdr_rgb_gamma);
      float sdr_y_nits = luminanceFn(sdr_rgb) * kSdrWhiteNits;

      Color hdr_yuv_gamma = sampleP010(uncompressed_p010_image, kMapDimensionScaleFactor, x, y);
      Color hdr_rgb_gamma = bt2100YuvToRgb(hdr_yuv_gamma);
      Color hdr_rgb = hdrInvOetf(hdr_rgb_gamma);
      hdr_rgb = hdrGamutConversionFn(hdr_rgb);
      float hdr_y_nits = luminanceFn(hdr_rgb) * hdr_white_nits;

      size_t pixel_idx =  x + y * map_width;
      reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(dest->data)[pixel_idx] =
          encodeRecovery(sdr_y_nits, hdr_y_nits, metadata->rangeScalingFactor);
    }
  }

  map_data.release();
  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t RecoveryMap::applyRecoveryMap(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_yuv_420_image,
                                       jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_recovery_map,
                                       jr_metadata_ptr metadata,
                                       jr_uncompressed_ptr dest) {
  if (uncompressed_yuv_420_image == nullptr
   || uncompressed_recovery_map == nullptr
   || metadata == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  size_t width = uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width;
  size_t height = uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height;

  dest->width = width;
  dest->height = height;
  size_t pixel_count = width * height;

  ColorTransformFn hdrOetf = nullptr;
  switch (metadata->transferFunction) {
    case JPEGR_TF_LINEAR:
      hdrOetf = identityConversion;
      break;
    case JPEGR_TF_HLG:
      hdrOetf = hlgOetf;
      break;
    case JPEGR_TF_PQ:
      hdrOetf = pqOetf;
      break;
  }

  for (size_t y = 0; y < height; ++y) {
    for (size_t x = 0; x < width; ++x) {
      Color yuv_gamma_sdr = getYuv420Pixel(uncompressed_yuv_420_image, x, y);
      Color rgb_gamma_sdr = srgbYuvToRgb(yuv_gamma_sdr);
      Color rgb_sdr = srgbInvOetf(rgb_gamma_sdr);

      // TODO: determine map scaling factor based on actual map dims
      float recovery = sampleMap(uncompressed_recovery_map, kMapDimensionScaleFactor, x, y);
      Color rgb_hdr = applyRecovery(rgb_sdr, recovery, metadata->rangeScalingFactor);

      Color rgb_gamma_hdr = hdrOetf(rgb_hdr / metadata->rangeScalingFactor);
      uint32_t rgba1010102 = colorToRgba1010102(rgb_gamma_hdr);

      size_t pixel_idx =  x + y * width;
      reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(dest->data)[pixel_idx] = rgba1010102;
    }
  }
  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t RecoveryMap::extractPrimaryImageAndRecoveryMap(jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpegr_image,
                                               jr_compressed_ptr primary_image,
                                               jr_compressed_ptr recovery_map) {
  if (compressed_jpegr_image == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  MessageHandler msg_handler;
  std::shared_ptr<DataSegment> seg =
                  DataSegment::Create(DataRange(0, compressed_jpegr_image->length),
                                      static_cast<const uint8_t*>(compressed_jpegr_image->data),
                                      DataSegment::BufferDispositionPolicy::kDontDelete);
  DataSegmentDataSource data_source(seg);
  JpegInfoBuilder jpeg_info_builder;
  jpeg_info_builder.SetImageLimit(2);
  JpegScanner jpeg_scanner(&msg_handler);
  jpeg_scanner.Run(&data_source, &jpeg_info_builder);
  data_source.Reset();

  if (jpeg_scanner.HasError()) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  const auto& jpeg_info = jpeg_info_builder.GetInfo();
  const auto& image_ranges = jpeg_info.GetImageRanges();
  if (image_ranges.empty()) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  if (image_ranges.size() != 2) {
    // Must be 2 JPEG Images
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  if (primary_image != nullptr) {
    primary_image->data = static_cast<uint8_t*>(compressed_jpegr_image->data) +
                                               image_ranges[0].GetBegin();
    primary_image->length = image_ranges[0].GetLength();
  }

  if (recovery_map != nullptr) {
    recovery_map->data = static_cast<uint8_t*>(compressed_jpegr_image->data) +
                                              image_ranges[1].GetBegin();
    recovery_map->length = image_ranges[1].GetLength();
  }

  return NO_ERROR;
}


status_t RecoveryMap::extractRecoveryMap(jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpegr_image,
                                         jr_compressed_ptr dest) {
  if (compressed_jpegr_image == nullptr || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  return extractPrimaryImageAndRecoveryMap(compressed_jpegr_image, nullptr, dest);
}

// JPEG/R structure:
// SOI (ff d8)
// APP1 (ff e1)
// 2 bytes of length (2 + length of exif package)
// EXIF package (this includes the first two bytes representing the package length)
// APP1 (ff e1)
// 2 bytes of length (2 + 29 + length of xmp package)
// name space ("http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\0")
// xmp
// primary image (without the first two bytes (SOI) and without EXIF, may have other packages)
// secondary image (the recovery map)
//
// Metadata versions we are using:
// ECMA TR-98 for JFIF marker
// Exif 2.2 spec for EXIF marker
// Adobe XMP spec part 3 for XMP marker
// ICC v4.3 spec for ICC
status_t RecoveryMap::appendRecoveryMap(jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpeg_image,
                                        jr_compressed_ptr compressed_recovery_map,
                                        jr_exif_ptr exif,
                                        jr_metadata_ptr metadata,
                                        jr_compressed_ptr dest) {
  if (compressed_jpeg_image == nullptr
   || compressed_recovery_map == nullptr
   || exif == nullptr
   || metadata == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  int pos = 0;

  // Write SOI
  JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kStart, 1, pos));
  JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kSOI, 1, pos));

  // Write EXIF
  {
    const int length = 2 + exif->length;
    const uint8_t lengthH = ((length >> 8) & 0xff);
    const uint8_t lengthL = (length & 0xff);
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kStart, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kAPP1, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthH, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthL, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, exif->data, exif->length, pos));
  }

  // Prepare and write XMP
  {
    const string xmp = generateXmp(compressed_recovery_map->length, *metadata);
    const string nameSpace = "http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\0";
    const int nameSpaceLength = nameSpace.size() + 1;  // need to count the null terminator
    // 2 bytes: representing the length of the package
    // 29 bytes: length of name space "http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\0",
    // x bytes: length of xmp packet
    const int length = 2 + nameSpaceLength + xmp.size();
    const uint8_t lengthH = ((length >> 8) & 0xff);
    const uint8_t lengthL = (length & 0xff);
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kStart, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kAPP1, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthH, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthL, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, (void*)nameSpace.c_str(), nameSpaceLength, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, (void*)xmp.c_str(), xmp.size(), pos));
  }

  // Write primary image
  JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest,
      (uint8_t*)compressed_jpeg_image->data + 2, compressed_jpeg_image->length - 2, pos));

  // Write secondary image
  JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, compressed_recovery_map->data, compressed_recovery_map->length, pos));

  // Set back length
  dest->length = pos;

  // Done!
  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t RecoveryMap::toneMap(jr_uncompressed_ptr src,
                              jr_uncompressed_ptr dest) {
  if (src == nullptr || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  dest->width = src->width;
  dest->height = src->height;

  size_t pixel_count = src->width * src->height;
  for (size_t y = 0; y < src->height; ++y) {
    for (size_t x = 0; x < src->width; ++x) {
      size_t pixel_y_idx = x + y * src->width;
      size_t pixel_uv_idx = x / 2 + (y / 2) * (src->width / 2);

      uint16_t y_uint = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(src->data)[pixel_y_idx]
                        >> 6;
      uint16_t u_uint = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(src->data)[pixel_count + pixel_uv_idx * 2]
                        >> 6;
      uint16_t v_uint = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(src->data)[pixel_count + pixel_uv_idx * 2 + 1]
                        >> 6;

      uint8_t* y = &reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(dest->data)[pixel_y_idx];
      uint8_t* u = &reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(dest->data)[pixel_count + pixel_uv_idx];
      uint8_t* v = &reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(dest->data)[pixel_count * 5 / 4 + pixel_uv_idx];

      *y = static_cast<uint8_t>((y_uint >> 2) & 0xff);
      *u = static_cast<uint8_t>((u_uint >> 2) & 0xff);
      *v = static_cast<uint8_t>((v_uint >> 2) & 0xff);
    }
  }

  dest->colorGamut = src->colorGamut;

  return NO_ERROR;
}

} // namespace android::recoverymap