libs/ultrahdr/jpegr.cpp

/*
 * Copyright 2022 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <ultrahdr/jpegr.h>
#include <ultrahdr/jpegencoderhelper.h>
#include <ultrahdr/jpegdecoderhelper.h>
#include <ultrahdr/gainmapmath.h>
#include <ultrahdr/jpegrutils.h>
#include <ultrahdr/multipictureformat.h>
#include <ultrahdr/icc.h>

#include <image_io/jpeg/jpeg_marker.h>
#include <image_io/jpeg/jpeg_info.h>
#include <image_io/jpeg/jpeg_scanner.h>
#include <image_io/jpeg/jpeg_info_builder.h>
#include <image_io/base/data_segment_data_source.h>
#include <utils/Log.h>

#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <deque>
#include <mutex>
#include <thread>
#include <unistd.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace photos_editing_formats::image_io;

namespace android::ultrahdr {

#define USE_SRGB_INVOETF_LUT 1
#define USE_HLG_OETF_LUT 1
#define USE_PQ_OETF_LUT 1
#define USE_HLG_INVOETF_LUT 1
#define USE_PQ_INVOETF_LUT 1
#define USE_APPLY_GAIN_LUT 1

#define JPEGR_CHECK(x)          \
  {                             \
    status_t status = (x);      \
    if ((status) != NO_ERROR) { \
      return status;            \
    }                           \
  }

// The current JPEGR version that we encode to
static const char* const kJpegrVersion = "1.0";

// Map is quarter res / sixteenth size
static const size_t kMapDimensionScaleFactor = 4;
// JPEG block size.
// JPEG encoding / decoding will require block based DCT transform 16 x 16 for luma,
// and 8 x 8 for chroma.
// Width must be 16 dividable for luma, and 8 dividable for chroma.
// If this criteria is not ficilitated, we will pad zeros based on the required block size.
static const size_t kJpegBlock = JpegEncoderHelper::kCompressBatchSize;
static const size_t kJpegBlockSquare = kJpegBlock * kJpegBlock;
// JPEG compress quality (0 ~ 100) for gain map
static const int kMapCompressQuality = 85;

#define CONFIG_MULTITHREAD 1
int GetCPUCoreCount() {
  int cpuCoreCount = 1;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
#if defined(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
  cpuCoreCount = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
#else
  // _SC_NPROC_ONLN must be defined...
  cpuCoreCount = sysconf(_SC_NPROC_ONLN);
#endif
#endif
  return cpuCoreCount;
}

status_t JpegR::areInputImagesValid(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_p010_image,
                                    jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_yuv_420_image) {
  if (uncompressed_p010_image == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  if (uncompressed_p010_image->luma_stride != 0
          && uncompressed_p010_image->luma_stride < uncompressed_p010_image->width) {
    ALOGE("Image stride can not be smaller than width, stride=%d, width=%d",
                uncompressed_p010_image->luma_stride, uncompressed_p010_image->width);
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  if (uncompressed_yuv_420_image == nullptr) {
    return NO_ERROR;
  }

  if (uncompressed_yuv_420_image->luma_stride != 0) {
    ALOGE("Stride is not supported for YUV420 image");
    return ERROR_JPEGR_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE;
  }

  if (uncompressed_yuv_420_image->chroma_data != nullptr) {
    ALOGE("Pointer to chroma plane is not supported for YUV420 image, chroma data must"
          "be immediately after the luma data.");
    return ERROR_JPEGR_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE;
  }

  if (uncompressed_p010_image->width != uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width
      || uncompressed_p010_image->height != uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height) {
    ALOGE("Image resolutions mismatch: P010: %dx%d, YUV420: %dx%d",
              uncompressed_p010_image->width,
              uncompressed_p010_image->height,
              uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width,
              uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height);
    return ERROR_JPEGR_RESOLUTION_MISMATCH;
  }

  return NO_ERROR;
}

/* Encode API-0 */
status_t JpegR::encodeJPEGR(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_p010_image,
                            ultrahdr_transfer_function hdr_tf,
                            jr_compressed_ptr dest,
                            int quality,
                            jr_exif_ptr exif) {
  if (uncompressed_p010_image == nullptr || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  if (quality < 0 || quality > 100) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  if (status_t ret = areInputImagesValid(
          uncompressed_p010_image, /* uncompressed_yuv_420_image */ nullptr) != NO_ERROR) {
    return ret;
  }

  ultrahdr_metadata_struct metadata;
  metadata.version = kJpegrVersion;

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct uncompressed_yuv_420_image;
  size_t gain_map_length = uncompressed_p010_image->width * uncompressed_p010_image->height * 3 / 2;
  // Pad a pseudo chroma block (kJpegBlock / 2) x (kJpegBlock / 2)
  // if width is not kJpegBlock aligned.
  if (uncompressed_p010_image->width % kJpegBlock != 0) {
    gain_map_length += kJpegBlockSquare / 4;
  }
  unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> uncompressed_yuv_420_image_data = make_unique<uint8_t[]>(gain_map_length);
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.data = uncompressed_yuv_420_image_data.get();
  JPEGR_CHECK(toneMap(uncompressed_p010_image, &uncompressed_yuv_420_image));

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct map;
  JPEGR_CHECK(generateGainMap(
      &uncompressed_yuv_420_image, uncompressed_p010_image, hdr_tf, &metadata, &map));
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> map_data;
  map_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(map.data));

  jpegr_compressed_struct compressed_map;
  compressed_map.maxLength = map.width * map.height;
  unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> compressed_map_data = make_unique<uint8_t[]>(compressed_map.maxLength);
  compressed_map.data = compressed_map_data.get();
  JPEGR_CHECK(compressGainMap(&map, &compressed_map));

  sp<DataStruct> icc = IccHelper::writeIccProfile(ULTRAHDR_TF_SRGB,
                                                  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.colorGamut);

  JpegEncoderHelper jpeg_encoder;
  if (!jpeg_encoder.compressImage(uncompressed_yuv_420_image.data,
                                  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.width,
                                  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.height, quality,
                                  icc->getData(), icc->getLength())) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_ENCODE_ERROR;
  }
  jpegr_compressed_struct jpeg;
  jpeg.data = jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImagePtr();
  jpeg.length = jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImageSize();

  JPEGR_CHECK(appendGainMap(&jpeg, &compressed_map, exif, &metadata, dest));

  return NO_ERROR;
}

/* Encode API-1 */
status_t JpegR::encodeJPEGR(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_p010_image,
                            jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_yuv_420_image,
                            ultrahdr_transfer_function hdr_tf,
                            jr_compressed_ptr dest,
                            int quality,
                            jr_exif_ptr exif) {
  if (uncompressed_p010_image == nullptr
   || uncompressed_yuv_420_image == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  if (quality < 0 || quality > 100) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  if (status_t ret = areInputImagesValid(
          uncompressed_p010_image, uncompressed_yuv_420_image) != NO_ERROR) {
    return ret;
  }

  ultrahdr_metadata_struct metadata;
  metadata.version = kJpegrVersion;

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct map;
  JPEGR_CHECK(generateGainMap(
      uncompressed_yuv_420_image, uncompressed_p010_image, hdr_tf, &metadata, &map));
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> map_data;
  map_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(map.data));

  jpegr_compressed_struct compressed_map;
  compressed_map.maxLength = map.width * map.height;
  unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> compressed_map_data = make_unique<uint8_t[]>(compressed_map.maxLength);
  compressed_map.data = compressed_map_data.get();
  JPEGR_CHECK(compressGainMap(&map, &compressed_map));

  sp<DataStruct> icc = IccHelper::writeIccProfile(ULTRAHDR_TF_SRGB,
                                                  uncompressed_yuv_420_image->colorGamut);

  JpegEncoderHelper jpeg_encoder;
  if (!jpeg_encoder.compressImage(uncompressed_yuv_420_image->data,
                                  uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width,
                                  uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height, quality,
                                  icc->getData(), icc->getLength())) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_ENCODE_ERROR;
  }
  jpegr_compressed_struct jpeg;
  jpeg.data = jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImagePtr();
  jpeg.length = jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImageSize();

  JPEGR_CHECK(appendGainMap(&jpeg, &compressed_map, exif, &metadata, dest));

  return NO_ERROR;
}

/* Encode API-2 */
status_t JpegR::encodeJPEGR(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_p010_image,
                            jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_yuv_420_image,
                            jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpeg_image,
                            ultrahdr_transfer_function hdr_tf,
                            jr_compressed_ptr dest) {
  if (uncompressed_p010_image == nullptr
   || uncompressed_yuv_420_image == nullptr
   || compressed_jpeg_image == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  if (status_t ret = areInputImagesValid(
          uncompressed_p010_image, uncompressed_yuv_420_image) != NO_ERROR) {
    return ret;
  }

  ultrahdr_metadata_struct metadata;
  metadata.version = kJpegrVersion;

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct map;
  JPEGR_CHECK(generateGainMap(
      uncompressed_yuv_420_image, uncompressed_p010_image, hdr_tf, &metadata, &map));
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> map_data;
  map_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(map.data));

  jpegr_compressed_struct compressed_map;
  compressed_map.maxLength = map.width * map.height;
  unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> compressed_map_data = make_unique<uint8_t[]>(compressed_map.maxLength);
  compressed_map.data = compressed_map_data.get();
  JPEGR_CHECK(compressGainMap(&map, &compressed_map));

  JPEGR_CHECK(appendGainMap(compressed_jpeg_image, &compressed_map, nullptr, &metadata, dest));

  return NO_ERROR;
}

/* Encode API-3 */
status_t JpegR::encodeJPEGR(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_p010_image,
                            jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpeg_image,
                            ultrahdr_transfer_function hdr_tf,
                            jr_compressed_ptr dest) {
  if (uncompressed_p010_image == nullptr
   || compressed_jpeg_image == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  if (status_t ret = areInputImagesValid(
          uncompressed_p010_image, /* uncompressed_yuv_420_image */ nullptr) != NO_ERROR) {
    return ret;
  }

  JpegDecoderHelper jpeg_decoder;
  if (!jpeg_decoder.decompressImage(compressed_jpeg_image->data, compressed_jpeg_image->length)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
  }
  jpegr_uncompressed_struct uncompressed_yuv_420_image;
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.data = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImagePtr();
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.width = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageWidth();
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.height = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageHeight();
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.colorGamut = compressed_jpeg_image->colorGamut;

  if (uncompressed_p010_image->width != uncompressed_yuv_420_image.width
   || uncompressed_p010_image->height != uncompressed_yuv_420_image.height) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_RESOLUTION_MISMATCH;
  }

  ultrahdr_metadata_struct metadata;
  metadata.version = kJpegrVersion;

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct map;
  JPEGR_CHECK(generateGainMap(
      &uncompressed_yuv_420_image, uncompressed_p010_image, hdr_tf, &metadata, &map));
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> map_data;
  map_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(map.data));

  jpegr_compressed_struct compressed_map;
  compressed_map.maxLength = map.width * map.height;
  unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> compressed_map_data = make_unique<uint8_t[]>(compressed_map.maxLength);
  compressed_map.data = compressed_map_data.get();
  JPEGR_CHECK(compressGainMap(&map, &compressed_map));

  JPEGR_CHECK(appendGainMap(compressed_jpeg_image, &compressed_map, nullptr, &metadata, dest));

  return NO_ERROR;
}

/* Encode API-4 */
status_t JpegR::encodeJPEGR(jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpeg_image,
                            jr_compressed_ptr compressed_gainmap,
                            ultrahdr_metadata_ptr metadata,
                            jr_compressed_ptr dest) {
  JPEGR_CHECK(appendGainMap(compressed_jpeg_image, compressed_gainmap, /* exif */ nullptr,
          metadata, dest));
  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t JpegR::getJPEGRInfo(jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpegr_image, jr_info_ptr jpegr_info) {
  if (compressed_jpegr_image == nullptr || jpegr_info == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  jpegr_compressed_struct primary_image, gain_map;
  JPEGR_CHECK(extractPrimaryImageAndGainMap(compressed_jpegr_image,
                                            &primary_image, &gain_map));

  JpegDecoderHelper jpeg_decoder;
  if (!jpeg_decoder.getCompressedImageParameters(primary_image.data, primary_image.length,
                                                 &jpegr_info->width, &jpegr_info->height,
                                                 jpegr_info->iccData, jpegr_info->exifData)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
  }

  return NO_ERROR;
}

/* Decode API */
status_t JpegR::decodeJPEGR(jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpegr_image,
                            jr_uncompressed_ptr dest,
                            float max_display_boost,
                            jr_exif_ptr exif,
                            ultrahdr_output_format output_format,
                            jr_uncompressed_ptr gain_map,
                            ultrahdr_metadata_ptr metadata) {
  if (compressed_jpegr_image == nullptr || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  if (max_display_boost < 1.0f) {
      return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  if (output_format == ULTRAHDR_OUTPUT_SDR) {
    JpegDecoderHelper jpeg_decoder;
    if (!jpeg_decoder.decompressImage(compressed_jpegr_image->data, compressed_jpegr_image->length,
                                      true)) {
        return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
    }
    jpegr_uncompressed_struct uncompressed_rgba_image;
    uncompressed_rgba_image.data = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImagePtr();
    uncompressed_rgba_image.width = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageWidth();
    uncompressed_rgba_image.height = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageHeight();
    memcpy(dest->data, uncompressed_rgba_image.data,
           uncompressed_rgba_image.width * uncompressed_rgba_image.height * 4);
    dest->width = uncompressed_rgba_image.width;
    dest->height = uncompressed_rgba_image.height;

    if (gain_map == nullptr && exif == nullptr) {
      return NO_ERROR;
    }

    if (exif != nullptr) {
      if (exif->data == nullptr) {
        return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
      }
      if (exif->length < jpeg_decoder.getEXIFSize()) {
        return ERROR_JPEGR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
      }
      memcpy(exif->data, jpeg_decoder.getEXIFPtr(), jpeg_decoder.getEXIFSize());
      exif->length = jpeg_decoder.getEXIFSize();
    }
    if (gain_map == nullptr) {
      return NO_ERROR;
    }
  }

  jpegr_compressed_struct compressed_map;
  JPEGR_CHECK(extractGainMap(compressed_jpegr_image, &compressed_map));

  JpegDecoderHelper gain_map_decoder;
  if (!gain_map_decoder.decompressImage(compressed_map.data, compressed_map.length)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
  }

  if (gain_map != nullptr) {
    gain_map->width = gain_map_decoder.getDecompressedImageWidth();
    gain_map->height = gain_map_decoder.getDecompressedImageHeight();
    int size = gain_map->width * gain_map->height;
    gain_map->data = malloc(size);
    memcpy(gain_map->data, gain_map_decoder.getDecompressedImagePtr(), size);
  }

  ultrahdr_metadata_struct uhdr_metadata;
  if (!getMetadataFromXMP(static_cast<uint8_t*>(gain_map_decoder.getXMPPtr()),
                          gain_map_decoder.getXMPSize(), &uhdr_metadata)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
  }

  if (metadata != nullptr) {
      metadata->version = uhdr_metadata.version;
      metadata->minContentBoost = uhdr_metadata.minContentBoost;
      metadata->maxContentBoost = uhdr_metadata.maxContentBoost;
  }

  if (output_format == ULTRAHDR_OUTPUT_SDR) {
    return NO_ERROR;
  }

  JpegDecoderHelper jpeg_decoder;
  if (!jpeg_decoder.decompressImage(compressed_jpegr_image->data, compressed_jpegr_image->length)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_DECODE_ERROR;
  }

  if (exif != nullptr) {
    if (exif->data == nullptr) {
      return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
    }
    if (exif->length < jpeg_decoder.getEXIFSize()) {
      return ERROR_JPEGR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
    }
    memcpy(exif->data, jpeg_decoder.getEXIFPtr(), jpeg_decoder.getEXIFSize());
    exif->length = jpeg_decoder.getEXIFSize();
  }

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct map;
  map.data = gain_map_decoder.getDecompressedImagePtr();
  map.width = gain_map_decoder.getDecompressedImageWidth();
  map.height = gain_map_decoder.getDecompressedImageHeight();

  jpegr_uncompressed_struct uncompressed_yuv_420_image;
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.data = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImagePtr();
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.width = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageWidth();
  uncompressed_yuv_420_image.height = jpeg_decoder.getDecompressedImageHeight();

  JPEGR_CHECK(applyGainMap(&uncompressed_yuv_420_image, &map, &uhdr_metadata, output_format,
                           max_display_boost, dest));
  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t JpegR::compressGainMap(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_gain_map,
                                jr_compressed_ptr dest) {
  if (uncompressed_gain_map == nullptr || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  JpegEncoderHelper jpeg_encoder;
  if (!jpeg_encoder.compressImage(uncompressed_gain_map->data,
                                  uncompressed_gain_map->width,
                                  uncompressed_gain_map->height,
                                  kMapCompressQuality,
                                  nullptr,
                                  0,
                                  true /* isSingleChannel */)) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_ENCODE_ERROR;
  }

  if (dest->maxLength < jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImageSize()) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
  }

  memcpy(dest->data, jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImagePtr(), jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImageSize());
  dest->length = jpeg_encoder.getCompressedImageSize();
  dest->colorGamut = ULTRAHDR_COLORGAMUT_UNSPECIFIED;

  return NO_ERROR;
}

const int kJobSzInRows = 16;
static_assert(kJobSzInRows > 0 && kJobSzInRows % kMapDimensionScaleFactor == 0,
              "align job size to kMapDimensionScaleFactor");

class JobQueue {
 public:
  bool dequeueJob(size_t& rowStart, size_t& rowEnd);
  void enqueueJob(size_t rowStart, size_t rowEnd);
  void markQueueForEnd();
  void reset();

 private:
  bool mQueuedAllJobs = false;
  std::deque<std::tuple<size_t, size_t>> mJobs;
  std::mutex mMutex;
  std::condition_variable mCv;
};

bool JobQueue::dequeueJob(size_t& rowStart, size_t& rowEnd) {
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock{mMutex};
  while (true) {
    if (mJobs.empty()) {
      if (mQueuedAllJobs) {
        return false;
      } else {
        mCv.wait(lock);
      }
    } else {
      auto it = mJobs.begin();
      rowStart = std::get<0>(*it);
      rowEnd = std::get<1>(*it);
      mJobs.erase(it);
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

void JobQueue::enqueueJob(size_t rowStart, size_t rowEnd) {
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock{mMutex};
  mJobs.push_back(std::make_tuple(rowStart, rowEnd));
  lock.unlock();
  mCv.notify_one();
}

void JobQueue::markQueueForEnd() {
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock{mMutex};
  mQueuedAllJobs = true;
}

void JobQueue::reset() {
  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock{mMutex};
  mJobs.clear();
  mQueuedAllJobs = false;
}

status_t JpegR::generateGainMap(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_yuv_420_image,
                                jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_p010_image,
                                ultrahdr_transfer_function hdr_tf,
                                ultrahdr_metadata_ptr metadata,
                                jr_uncompressed_ptr dest) {
  if (uncompressed_yuv_420_image == nullptr
   || uncompressed_p010_image == nullptr
   || metadata == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  if (uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width != uncompressed_p010_image->width
   || uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height != uncompressed_p010_image->height) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_RESOLUTION_MISMATCH;
  }

  if (uncompressed_yuv_420_image->colorGamut == ULTRAHDR_COLORGAMUT_UNSPECIFIED
   || uncompressed_p010_image->colorGamut == ULTRAHDR_COLORGAMUT_UNSPECIFIED) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_COLORGAMUT;
  }

  size_t image_width = uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width;
  size_t image_height = uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height;
  size_t map_width = image_width / kMapDimensionScaleFactor;
  size_t map_height = image_height / kMapDimensionScaleFactor;
  size_t map_stride = static_cast<size_t>(
          floor((map_width + kJpegBlock - 1) / kJpegBlock)) * kJpegBlock;
  size_t map_height_aligned = ((map_height + 1) >> 1) << 1;

  dest->width = map_stride;
  dest->height = map_height_aligned;
  dest->colorGamut = ULTRAHDR_COLORGAMUT_UNSPECIFIED;
  dest->data = new uint8_t[map_stride * map_height_aligned];
  std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> map_data;
  map_data.reset(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(dest->data));

  ColorTransformFn hdrInvOetf = nullptr;
  float hdr_white_nits = 0.0f;
  switch (hdr_tf) {
    case ULTRAHDR_TF_LINEAR:
      hdrInvOetf = identityConversion;
      break;
    case ULTRAHDR_TF_HLG:
#if USE_HLG_INVOETF_LUT
      hdrInvOetf = hlgInvOetfLUT;
#else
      hdrInvOetf = hlgInvOetf;
#endif
      hdr_white_nits = kHlgMaxNits;
      break;
    case ULTRAHDR_TF_PQ:
#if USE_PQ_INVOETF_LUT
      hdrInvOetf = pqInvOetfLUT;
#else
      hdrInvOetf = pqInvOetf;
#endif
      hdr_white_nits = kPqMaxNits;
      break;
    default:
      // Should be impossible to hit after input validation.
      return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_TRANS_FUNC;
  }

  metadata->maxContentBoost = hdr_white_nits / kSdrWhiteNits;
  metadata->minContentBoost = 1.0f;
  float log2MinBoost = log2(metadata->minContentBoost);
  float log2MaxBoost = log2(metadata->maxContentBoost);

  ColorTransformFn hdrGamutConversionFn = getHdrConversionFn(
      uncompressed_yuv_420_image->colorGamut, uncompressed_p010_image->colorGamut);

  ColorCalculationFn luminanceFn = nullptr;
  switch (uncompressed_yuv_420_image->colorGamut) {
    case ULTRAHDR_COLORGAMUT_BT709:
      luminanceFn = srgbLuminance;
      break;
    case ULTRAHDR_COLORGAMUT_P3:
      luminanceFn = p3Luminance;
      break;
    case ULTRAHDR_COLORGAMUT_BT2100:
      luminanceFn = bt2100Luminance;
      break;
    case ULTRAHDR_COLORGAMUT_UNSPECIFIED:
      // Should be impossible to hit after input validation.
      return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_COLORGAMUT;
  }

  std::mutex mutex;
  const int threads = std::clamp(GetCPUCoreCount(), 1, 4);
  size_t rowStep = threads == 1 ? image_height : kJobSzInRows;
  JobQueue jobQueue;

  std::function<void()> generateMap = [uncompressed_yuv_420_image, uncompressed_p010_image,
                                       metadata, dest, hdrInvOetf, hdrGamutConversionFn,
                                       luminanceFn, hdr_white_nits, log2MinBoost, log2MaxBoost,
                                       &jobQueue]() -> void {
    size_t rowStart, rowEnd;
    size_t dest_map_width = uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width / kMapDimensionScaleFactor;
    size_t dest_map_stride = dest->width;
    while (jobQueue.dequeueJob(rowStart, rowEnd)) {
      for (size_t y = rowStart; y < rowEnd; ++y) {
        for (size_t x = 0; x < dest_map_width; ++x) {
          Color sdr_yuv_gamma =
              sampleYuv420(uncompressed_yuv_420_image, kMapDimensionScaleFactor, x, y);
          Color sdr_rgb_gamma = srgbYuvToRgb(sdr_yuv_gamma);
#if USE_SRGB_INVOETF_LUT
          Color sdr_rgb = srgbInvOetfLUT(sdr_rgb_gamma);
#else
          Color sdr_rgb = srgbInvOetf(sdr_rgb_gamma);
#endif
          float sdr_y_nits = luminanceFn(sdr_rgb) * kSdrWhiteNits;

          Color hdr_yuv_gamma = sampleP010(uncompressed_p010_image, kMapDimensionScaleFactor, x, y);
          Color hdr_rgb_gamma = bt2100YuvToRgb(hdr_yuv_gamma);
          Color hdr_rgb = hdrInvOetf(hdr_rgb_gamma);
          hdr_rgb = hdrGamutConversionFn(hdr_rgb);
          float hdr_y_nits = luminanceFn(hdr_rgb) * hdr_white_nits;

          size_t pixel_idx = x + y * dest_map_stride;
          reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(dest->data)[pixel_idx] =
              encodeGain(sdr_y_nits, hdr_y_nits, metadata, log2MinBoost, log2MaxBoost);
        }
      }
    }
  };

  // generate map
  std::vector<std::thread> workers;
  for (int th = 0; th < threads - 1; th++) {
    workers.push_back(std::thread(generateMap));
  }

  rowStep = (threads == 1 ? image_height : kJobSzInRows) / kMapDimensionScaleFactor;
  for (size_t rowStart = 0; rowStart < map_height;) {
    size_t rowEnd = std::min(rowStart + rowStep, map_height);
    jobQueue.enqueueJob(rowStart, rowEnd);
    rowStart = rowEnd;
  }
  jobQueue.markQueueForEnd();
  generateMap();
  std::for_each(workers.begin(), workers.end(), [](std::thread& t) { t.join(); });

  map_data.release();
  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t JpegR::applyGainMap(jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_yuv_420_image,
                             jr_uncompressed_ptr uncompressed_gain_map,
                             ultrahdr_metadata_ptr metadata,
                             ultrahdr_output_format output_format,
                             float max_display_boost,
                             jr_uncompressed_ptr dest) {
  if (uncompressed_yuv_420_image == nullptr
   || uncompressed_gain_map == nullptr
   || metadata == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  dest->width = uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width;
  dest->height = uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height;
  ShepardsIDW idwTable(kMapDimensionScaleFactor);
  float display_boost = std::min(max_display_boost, metadata->maxContentBoost);
  GainLUT gainLUT(metadata, display_boost);

  JobQueue jobQueue;
  std::function<void()> applyRecMap = [uncompressed_yuv_420_image, uncompressed_gain_map,
                                       metadata, dest, &jobQueue, &idwTable, output_format,
                                       &gainLUT, display_boost]() -> void {
    size_t width = uncompressed_yuv_420_image->width;
    size_t height = uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height;

    size_t rowStart, rowEnd;
    while (jobQueue.dequeueJob(rowStart, rowEnd)) {
      for (size_t y = rowStart; y < rowEnd; ++y) {
        for (size_t x = 0; x < width; ++x) {
          Color yuv_gamma_sdr = getYuv420Pixel(uncompressed_yuv_420_image, x, y);
          Color rgb_gamma_sdr = srgbYuvToRgb(yuv_gamma_sdr);
#if USE_SRGB_INVOETF_LUT
          Color rgb_sdr = srgbInvOetfLUT(rgb_gamma_sdr);
#else
          Color rgb_sdr = srgbInvOetf(rgb_gamma_sdr);
#endif
          float gain;
          // TODO: determine map scaling factor based on actual map dims
          size_t map_scale_factor = kMapDimensionScaleFactor;
          // TODO: If map_scale_factor is guaranteed to be an integer, then remove the following.
          // Currently map_scale_factor is of type size_t, but it could be changed to a float
          // later.
          if (map_scale_factor != floorf(map_scale_factor)) {
            gain = sampleMap(uncompressed_gain_map, map_scale_factor, x, y);
          } else {
            gain = sampleMap(uncompressed_gain_map, map_scale_factor, x, y, idwTable);
          }

#if USE_APPLY_GAIN_LUT
          Color rgb_hdr = applyGainLUT(rgb_sdr, gain, gainLUT);
#else
          Color rgb_hdr = applyGain(rgb_sdr, gain, metadata, display_boost);
#endif
          rgb_hdr = rgb_hdr / display_boost;
          size_t pixel_idx = x + y * width;

          switch (output_format) {
            case ULTRAHDR_OUTPUT_HDR_LINEAR:
            {
              uint64_t rgba_f16 = colorToRgbaF16(rgb_hdr);
              reinterpret_cast<uint64_t*>(dest->data)[pixel_idx] = rgba_f16;
              break;
            }
            case ULTRAHDR_OUTPUT_HDR_HLG:
            {
#if USE_HLG_OETF_LUT
              ColorTransformFn hdrOetf = hlgOetfLUT;
#else
              ColorTransformFn hdrOetf = hlgOetf;
#endif
              Color rgb_gamma_hdr = hdrOetf(rgb_hdr);
              uint32_t rgba_1010102 = colorToRgba1010102(rgb_gamma_hdr);
              reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(dest->data)[pixel_idx] = rgba_1010102;
              break;
            }
            case ULTRAHDR_OUTPUT_HDR_PQ:
            {
#if USE_HLG_OETF_LUT
              ColorTransformFn hdrOetf = pqOetfLUT;
#else
              ColorTransformFn hdrOetf = pqOetf;
#endif
              Color rgb_gamma_hdr = hdrOetf(rgb_hdr);
              uint32_t rgba_1010102 = colorToRgba1010102(rgb_gamma_hdr);
              reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(dest->data)[pixel_idx] = rgba_1010102;
              break;
            }
            default:
            {}
              // Should be impossible to hit after input validation.
          }
        }
      }
    }
  };

  const int threads = std::clamp(GetCPUCoreCount(), 1, 4);
  std::vector<std::thread> workers;
  for (int th = 0; th < threads - 1; th++) {
    workers.push_back(std::thread(applyRecMap));
  }
  const int rowStep = threads == 1 ? uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height : kJobSzInRows;
  for (int rowStart = 0; rowStart < uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height;) {
    int rowEnd = std::min(rowStart + rowStep, uncompressed_yuv_420_image->height);
    jobQueue.enqueueJob(rowStart, rowEnd);
    rowStart = rowEnd;
  }
  jobQueue.markQueueForEnd();
  applyRecMap();
  std::for_each(workers.begin(), workers.end(), [](std::thread& t) { t.join(); });
  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t JpegR::extractPrimaryImageAndGainMap(jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpegr_image,
                                              jr_compressed_ptr primary_image,
                                              jr_compressed_ptr gain_map) {
  if (compressed_jpegr_image == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  MessageHandler msg_handler;
  std::shared_ptr<DataSegment> seg =
                  DataSegment::Create(DataRange(0, compressed_jpegr_image->length),
                                      static_cast<const uint8_t*>(compressed_jpegr_image->data),
                                      DataSegment::BufferDispositionPolicy::kDontDelete);
  DataSegmentDataSource data_source(seg);
  JpegInfoBuilder jpeg_info_builder;
  jpeg_info_builder.SetImageLimit(2);
  JpegScanner jpeg_scanner(&msg_handler);
  jpeg_scanner.Run(&data_source, &jpeg_info_builder);
  data_source.Reset();

  if (jpeg_scanner.HasError()) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  const auto& jpeg_info = jpeg_info_builder.GetInfo();
  const auto& image_ranges = jpeg_info.GetImageRanges();
  if (image_ranges.empty()) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  if (image_ranges.size() != 2) {
    // Must be 2 JPEG Images
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_INPUT_TYPE;
  }

  if (primary_image != nullptr) {
    primary_image->data = static_cast<uint8_t*>(compressed_jpegr_image->data) +
                                               image_ranges[0].GetBegin();
    primary_image->length = image_ranges[0].GetLength();
  }

  if (gain_map != nullptr) {
    gain_map->data = static_cast<uint8_t*>(compressed_jpegr_image->data) +
                                              image_ranges[1].GetBegin();
    gain_map->length = image_ranges[1].GetLength();
  }

  return NO_ERROR;
}


status_t JpegR::extractGainMap(jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpegr_image,
                               jr_compressed_ptr dest) {
  if (compressed_jpegr_image == nullptr || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  return extractPrimaryImageAndGainMap(compressed_jpegr_image, nullptr, dest);
}

// JPEG/R structure:
// SOI (ff d8)
//
// (Optional, only if EXIF package is from outside)
// APP1 (ff e1)
// 2 bytes of length (2 + length of exif package)
// EXIF package (this includes the first two bytes representing the package length)
//
// (Required, XMP package) APP1 (ff e1)
// 2 bytes of length (2 + 29 + length of xmp package)
// name space ("http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\0")
// XMP
//
// (Required, MPF package) APP2 (ff e2)
// 2 bytes of length
// MPF
//
// (Required) primary image (without the first two bytes (SOI), may have other packages)
//
// SOI (ff d8)
//
// (Required, XMP package) APP1 (ff e1)
// 2 bytes of length (2 + 29 + length of xmp package)
// name space ("http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/\0")
// XMP
//
// (Required) secondary image (the gain map, without the first two bytes (SOI))
//
// Metadata versions we are using:
// ECMA TR-98 for JFIF marker
// Exif 2.2 spec for EXIF marker
// Adobe XMP spec part 3 for XMP marker
// ICC v4.3 spec for ICC
status_t JpegR::appendGainMap(jr_compressed_ptr compressed_jpeg_image,
                              jr_compressed_ptr compressed_gain_map,
                              jr_exif_ptr exif,
                              ultrahdr_metadata_ptr metadata,
                              jr_compressed_ptr dest) {
  if (compressed_jpeg_image == nullptr
   || compressed_gain_map == nullptr
   || metadata == nullptr
   || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  const string nameSpace = "http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/";
  const int nameSpaceLength = nameSpace.size() + 1;  // need to count the null terminator

  // calculate secondary image length first, because the length will be written into the primary
  // image xmp
  const string xmp_secondary = generateXmpForSecondaryImage(*metadata);
  const int xmp_secondary_length = 2 /* 2 bytes representing the length of the package */
                                 + nameSpaceLength /* 29 bytes length of name space including \0 */
                                 + xmp_secondary.size(); /* length of xmp packet */
  const int secondary_image_size = 2 /* 2 bytes length of APP1 sign */
                                 + xmp_secondary_length
                                 + compressed_gain_map->length;
  // primary image
  const string xmp_primary = generateXmpForPrimaryImage(secondary_image_size, *metadata);
  // same as primary
  const int xmp_primary_length = 2 + nameSpaceLength + xmp_primary.size();

  int pos = 0;
  // Begin primary image
  // Write SOI
  JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kStart, 1, pos));
  JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kSOI, 1, pos));

  // Write EXIF
  if (exif != nullptr) {
    const int length = 2 + exif->length;
    const uint8_t lengthH = ((length >> 8) & 0xff);
    const uint8_t lengthL = (length & 0xff);
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kStart, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kAPP1, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthH, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthL, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, exif->data, exif->length, pos));
  }

  // Prepare and write XMP
  {
    const int length = xmp_primary_length;
    const uint8_t lengthH = ((length >> 8) & 0xff);
    const uint8_t lengthL = (length & 0xff);
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kStart, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kAPP1, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthH, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthL, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, (void*)nameSpace.c_str(), nameSpaceLength, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, (void*)xmp_primary.c_str(), xmp_primary.size(), pos));
  }

  // Prepare and write MPF
  {
      const int length = 2 + calculateMpfSize();
      const uint8_t lengthH = ((length >> 8) & 0xff);
      const uint8_t lengthL = (length & 0xff);
      int primary_image_size = pos + length + compressed_jpeg_image->length;
      // between APP2 + package size + signature
      // ff e2 00 58 4d 50 46 00
      // 2 + 2 + 4 = 8 (bytes)
      // and ff d8 sign of the secondary image
      int secondary_image_offset = primary_image_size - pos - 8;
      sp<DataStruct> mpf = generateMpf(primary_image_size,
                                       0, /* primary_image_offset */
                                       secondary_image_size,
                                       secondary_image_offset);
      JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kStart, 1, pos));
      JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kAPP2, 1, pos));
      JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthH, 1, pos));
      JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthL, 1, pos));
      JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, (void*)mpf->getData(), mpf->getLength(), pos));
  }

  // Write primary image
  JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest,
      (uint8_t*)compressed_jpeg_image->data + 2, compressed_jpeg_image->length - 2, pos));
  // Finish primary image

  // Begin secondary image (gain map)
  // Write SOI
  JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kStart, 1, pos));
  JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kSOI, 1, pos));

  // Prepare and write XMP
  {
    const int length = xmp_secondary_length;
    const uint8_t lengthH = ((length >> 8) & 0xff);
    const uint8_t lengthL = (length & 0xff);
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kStart, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &photos_editing_formats::image_io::JpegMarker::kAPP1, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthH, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, &lengthL, 1, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, (void*)nameSpace.c_str(), nameSpaceLength, pos));
    JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest, (void*)xmp_secondary.c_str(), xmp_secondary.size(), pos));
  }

  // Write secondary image
  JPEGR_CHECK(Write(dest,
        (uint8_t*)compressed_gain_map->data + 2, compressed_gain_map->length - 2, pos));

  // Set back length
  dest->length = pos;

  // Done!
  return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t JpegR::toneMap(jr_uncompressed_ptr src, jr_uncompressed_ptr dest) {
  if (src == nullptr || dest == nullptr) {
    return ERROR_JPEGR_INVALID_NULL_PTR;
  }

  size_t src_luma_stride = src->luma_stride;
  size_t src_chroma_stride = src->chroma_stride;
  uint16_t* src_luma_data = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(src->data);
  uint16_t* src_chroma_data = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(src->chroma_data);

  if (src_chroma_data == nullptr) {
    src_chroma_data = &reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(src->data)[src_luma_stride * src->height];
  }
  if (src_luma_stride == 0) {
    src_luma_stride = src->width;
  }
  if (src_chroma_stride == 0) {
    src_chroma_stride = src_luma_stride;
  }

  dest->width = src->width;
  dest->height = src->height;

  size_t dest_luma_pixel_count = dest->width * dest->height;

  for (size_t y = 0; y < src->height; ++y) {
    for (size_t x = 0; x < src->width; ++x) {
      size_t src_y_idx = y * src_luma_stride + x;
      size_t src_u_idx = (y >> 1) * src_chroma_stride + (x & ~0x1);
      size_t src_v_idx = src_u_idx + 1;

      uint16_t y_uint = src_luma_data[src_y_idx] >> 6;
      uint16_t u_uint = src_chroma_data[src_u_idx] >> 6;
      uint16_t v_uint = src_chroma_data[src_v_idx] >> 6;

      size_t dest_y_idx = x + y * dest->width;
      size_t dest_uv_idx = x / 2 + (y / 2) * (dest->width / 2);

      uint8_t* y = &reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(dest->data)[dest_y_idx];
      uint8_t* u = &reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(dest->data)[dest_luma_pixel_count + dest_uv_idx];
      uint8_t* v = &reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(
              dest->data)[dest_luma_pixel_count * 5 / 4 + dest_uv_idx];

      *y = static_cast<uint8_t>((y_uint >> 2) & 0xff);
      *u = static_cast<uint8_t>((u_uint >> 2) & 0xff);
      *v = static_cast<uint8_t>((v_uint >> 2) & 0xff);
    }
  }

  dest->colorGamut = src->colorGamut;

  return NO_ERROR;
}

} // namespace android::ultrahdr