services/surfaceflinger/Scheduler/RefreshRateConfigs.cpp

/*
 * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

// #define LOG_NDEBUG 0
#define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS

#include "RefreshRateConfigs.h"
#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
#include <utils/Trace.h>
#include <chrono>
#include <cmath>

#undef LOG_TAG
#define LOG_TAG "RefreshRateConfigs"

namespace android::scheduler {

using AllRefreshRatesMapType = RefreshRateConfigs::AllRefreshRatesMapType;
using RefreshRate = RefreshRateConfigs::RefreshRate;

std::string RefreshRateConfigs::layerVoteTypeString(LayerVoteType vote) {
    switch (vote) {
        case LayerVoteType::NoVote:
            return "NoVote";
        case LayerVoteType::Min:
            return "Min";
        case LayerVoteType::Max:
            return "Max";
        case LayerVoteType::Heuristic:
            return "Heuristic";
        case LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault:
            return "ExplicitDefault";
        case LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple:
            return "ExplicitExactOrMultiple";
    }
}

const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getRefreshRateForContent(
        const std::vector<LayerRequirement>& layers) const {
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
    int contentFramerate = 0;
    int explicitContentFramerate = 0;
    for (const auto& layer : layers) {
        const auto desiredRefreshRateRound = round<int>(layer.desiredRefreshRate);
        if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault ||
            layer.vote == LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple) {
            if (desiredRefreshRateRound > explicitContentFramerate) {
                explicitContentFramerate = desiredRefreshRateRound;
            }
        } else {
            if (desiredRefreshRateRound > contentFramerate) {
                contentFramerate = desiredRefreshRateRound;
            }
        }
    }

    if (explicitContentFramerate != 0) {
        contentFramerate = explicitContentFramerate;
    } else if (contentFramerate == 0) {
        contentFramerate = round<int>(mMaxSupportedRefreshRate->getFps());
    }
    ATRACE_INT("ContentFPS", contentFramerate);

    // Find the appropriate refresh rate with minimal error
    auto iter = min_element(mPrimaryRefreshRates.cbegin(), mPrimaryRefreshRates.cend(),
                            [contentFramerate](const auto& lhs, const auto& rhs) -> bool {
                                return std::abs(lhs->fps - contentFramerate) <
                                        std::abs(rhs->fps - contentFramerate);
                            });

    // Some content aligns better on higher refresh rate. For example for 45fps we should choose
    // 90Hz config. However we should still prefer a lower refresh rate if the content doesn't
    // align well with both
    const RefreshRate* bestSoFar = *iter;
    constexpr float MARGIN = 0.05f;
    float ratio = (*iter)->fps / contentFramerate;
    if (std::abs(std::round(ratio) - ratio) > MARGIN) {
        while (iter != mPrimaryRefreshRates.cend()) {
            ratio = (*iter)->fps / contentFramerate;

            if (std::abs(std::round(ratio) - ratio) <= MARGIN) {
                bestSoFar = *iter;
                break;
            }
            ++iter;
        }
    }

    return *bestSoFar;
}

std::pair<nsecs_t, nsecs_t> RefreshRateConfigs::getDisplayFrames(nsecs_t layerPeriod,
                                                                 nsecs_t displayPeriod) const {
    auto [displayFramesQuot, displayFramesRem] = std::div(layerPeriod, displayPeriod);
    if (displayFramesRem <= MARGIN_FOR_PERIOD_CALCULATION ||
        std::abs(displayFramesRem - displayPeriod) <= MARGIN_FOR_PERIOD_CALCULATION) {
        displayFramesQuot++;
        displayFramesRem = 0;
    }

    return {displayFramesQuot, displayFramesRem};
}

const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getBestRefreshRate(
        const std::vector<LayerRequirement>& layers, bool touchActive, bool idle,
        bool* touchConsidered) const {
    ATRACE_CALL();
    ALOGV("getRefreshRateForContent %zu layers", layers.size());

    if (touchConsidered) *touchConsidered = false;
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);

    int noVoteLayers = 0;
    int minVoteLayers = 0;
    int maxVoteLayers = 0;
    int explicitDefaultVoteLayers = 0;
    int explicitExactOrMultipleVoteLayers = 0;
    float maxExplicitWeight = 0;
    for (const auto& layer : layers) {
        if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::NoVote) {
            noVoteLayers++;
        } else if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::Min) {
            minVoteLayers++;
        } else if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::Max) {
            maxVoteLayers++;
        } else if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault) {
            explicitDefaultVoteLayers++;
            maxExplicitWeight = std::max(maxExplicitWeight, layer.weight);
        } else if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple) {
            explicitExactOrMultipleVoteLayers++;
            maxExplicitWeight = std::max(maxExplicitWeight, layer.weight);
        }
    }

    const bool hasExplicitVoteLayers =
            explicitDefaultVoteLayers > 0 || explicitExactOrMultipleVoteLayers > 0;

    // Consider the touch event if there are no Explicit* layers. Otherwise wait until after we've
    // selected a refresh rate to see if we should apply touch boost.
    if (touchActive && !hasExplicitVoteLayers) {
        ALOGV("TouchBoost - choose %s", getMaxRefreshRateByPolicyLocked().getName().c_str());
        if (touchConsidered) *touchConsidered = true;
        return getMaxRefreshRateByPolicyLocked();
    }

    // If the primary range consists of a single refresh rate then we can only
    // move out the of range if layers explicitly request a different refresh
    // rate.
    const Policy* policy = getCurrentPolicyLocked();
    const bool primaryRangeIsSingleRate = policy->primaryRange.min == policy->primaryRange.max;

    if (!touchActive && idle && !(primaryRangeIsSingleRate && hasExplicitVoteLayers)) {
        ALOGV("Idle - choose %s", getMinRefreshRateByPolicyLocked().getName().c_str());
        return getMinRefreshRateByPolicyLocked();
    }

    if (layers.empty() || noVoteLayers == layers.size()) {
        return getMaxRefreshRateByPolicyLocked();
    }

    // Only if all layers want Min we should return Min
    if (noVoteLayers + minVoteLayers == layers.size()) {
        ALOGV("all layers Min - choose %s", getMinRefreshRateByPolicyLocked().getName().c_str());
        return getMinRefreshRateByPolicyLocked();
    }

    // Find the best refresh rate based on score
    std::vector<std::pair<const RefreshRate*, float>> scores;
    scores.reserve(mAppRequestRefreshRates.size());

    for (const auto refreshRate : mAppRequestRefreshRates) {
        scores.emplace_back(refreshRate, 0.0f);
    }

    for (const auto& layer : layers) {
        ALOGV("Calculating score for %s (%s, weight %.2f)", layer.name.c_str(),
              layerVoteTypeString(layer.vote).c_str(), layer.weight);
        if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::NoVote || layer.vote == LayerVoteType::Min) {
            continue;
        }

        auto weight = layer.weight;

        for (auto i = 0u; i < scores.size(); i++) {
            bool inPrimaryRange =
                    scores[i].first->inPolicy(policy->primaryRange.min, policy->primaryRange.max);
            if ((primaryRangeIsSingleRate || !inPrimaryRange) &&
                layer.vote != LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault &&
                layer.vote != LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple) {
                // Only layers with explicit frame rate settings are allowed to score refresh rates
                // outside the primary range.
                continue;
            }

            // If the layer wants Max, give higher score to the higher refresh rate
            if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::Max) {
                const auto ratio = scores[i].first->fps / scores.back().first->fps;
                // use ratio^2 to get a lower score the more we get further from peak
                const auto layerScore = ratio * ratio;
                ALOGV("%s (Max, weight %.2f) gives %s score of %.2f", layer.name.c_str(), weight,
                      scores[i].first->name.c_str(), layerScore);
                scores[i].second += weight * layerScore;
                continue;
            }

            const auto displayPeriod = scores[i].first->hwcConfig->getVsyncPeriod();
            const auto layerPeriod = round<nsecs_t>(1e9f / layer.desiredRefreshRate);
            if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::ExplicitDefault) {
                const auto layerScore = [&]() {
                    // Find the actual rate the layer will render, assuming
                    // that layerPeriod is the minimal time to render a frame
                    auto actualLayerPeriod = displayPeriod;
                    int multiplier = 1;
                    while (layerPeriod > actualLayerPeriod + MARGIN_FOR_PERIOD_CALCULATION) {
                        multiplier++;
                        actualLayerPeriod = displayPeriod * multiplier;
                    }
                    return std::min(1.0f,
                                    static_cast<float>(layerPeriod) /
                                            static_cast<float>(actualLayerPeriod));
                }();

                ALOGV("%s (ExplicitDefault, weight %.2f) %.2fHz gives %s score of %.2f",
                      layer.name.c_str(), weight, 1e9f / layerPeriod, scores[i].first->name.c_str(),
                      layerScore);
                scores[i].second += weight * layerScore;
                continue;
            }

            if (layer.vote == LayerVoteType::ExplicitExactOrMultiple ||
                layer.vote == LayerVoteType::Heuristic) {
                const auto layerScore = [&] {
                    // Calculate how many display vsyncs we need to present a single frame for this
                    // layer
                    const auto [displayFramesQuot, displayFramesRem] =
                            getDisplayFrames(layerPeriod, displayPeriod);
                    static constexpr size_t MAX_FRAMES_TO_FIT =
                            10; // Stop calculating when score < 0.1
                    if (displayFramesRem == 0) {
                        // Layer desired refresh rate matches the display rate.
                        return 1.0f;
                    }

                    if (displayFramesQuot == 0) {
                        // Layer desired refresh rate is higher the display rate.
                        return (static_cast<float>(layerPeriod) /
                                static_cast<float>(displayPeriod)) *
                                (1.0f / (MAX_FRAMES_TO_FIT + 1));
                    }

                    // Layer desired refresh rate is lower the display rate. Check how well it fits
                    // the cadence
                    auto diff = std::abs(displayFramesRem - (displayPeriod - displayFramesRem));
                    int iter = 2;
                    while (diff > MARGIN_FOR_PERIOD_CALCULATION && iter < MAX_FRAMES_TO_FIT) {
                        diff = diff - (displayPeriod - diff);
                        iter++;
                    }

                    return 1.0f / iter;
                }();
                ALOGV("%s (%s, weight %.2f) %.2fHz gives %s score of %.2f", layer.name.c_str(),
                      layerVoteTypeString(layer.vote).c_str(), weight, 1e9f / layerPeriod,
                      scores[i].first->name.c_str(), layerScore);
                scores[i].second += weight * layerScore;
                continue;
            }
        }
    }

    // Now that we scored all the refresh rates we need to pick the one that got the highest score.
    // In case of a tie we will pick the higher refresh rate if any of the layers wanted Max,
    // or the lower otherwise.
    const RefreshRate* bestRefreshRate = maxVoteLayers > 0
            ? getBestRefreshRate(scores.rbegin(), scores.rend())
            : getBestRefreshRate(scores.begin(), scores.end());

    if (primaryRangeIsSingleRate) {
        // If we never scored any layers, then choose the rate from the primary
        // range instead of picking a random score from the app range.
        if (std::all_of(scores.begin(), scores.end(),
                        [](std::pair<const RefreshRate*, float> p) { return p.second == 0; })) {
            ALOGV("layers not scored - choose %s",
                  getMaxRefreshRateByPolicyLocked().getName().c_str());
            return getMaxRefreshRateByPolicyLocked();
        } else {
            return *bestRefreshRate;
        }
    }

    // Consider the touch event if there are no ExplicitDefault layers. ExplicitDefault are mostly
    // interactive (as opposed to ExplicitExactOrMultiple) and therefore if those posted an explicit
    // vote we should not change it if we get a touch event. Only apply touch boost if it will
    // actually increase the refresh rate over the normal selection.
    const RefreshRate& touchRefreshRate = getMaxRefreshRateByPolicyLocked();

    if (touchActive && explicitDefaultVoteLayers == 0 &&
        bestRefreshRate->fps < touchRefreshRate.fps) {
        if (touchConsidered) *touchConsidered = true;
        ALOGV("TouchBoost - choose %s", touchRefreshRate.getName().c_str());
        return touchRefreshRate;
    }

    return *bestRefreshRate;
}

template <typename Iter>
const RefreshRate* RefreshRateConfigs::getBestRefreshRate(Iter begin, Iter end) const {
    constexpr auto EPSILON = 0.001f;
    const RefreshRate* bestRefreshRate = begin->first;
    float max = begin->second;
    for (auto i = begin; i != end; ++i) {
        const auto [refreshRate, score] = *i;
        ALOGV("%s scores %.2f", refreshRate->name.c_str(), score);

        ATRACE_INT(refreshRate->name.c_str(), round<int>(score * 100));

        if (score > max * (1 + EPSILON)) {
            max = score;
            bestRefreshRate = refreshRate;
        }
    }

    return bestRefreshRate;
}

const AllRefreshRatesMapType& RefreshRateConfigs::getAllRefreshRates() const {
    return mRefreshRates;
}

const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getMinRefreshRateByPolicy() const {
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
    return getMinRefreshRateByPolicyLocked();
}

const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getMinRefreshRateByPolicyLocked() const {
    return *mPrimaryRefreshRates.front();
}

const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getMaxRefreshRateByPolicy() const {
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
    return getMaxRefreshRateByPolicyLocked();
}

const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getMaxRefreshRateByPolicyLocked() const {
    return *mPrimaryRefreshRates.back();
}

const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getCurrentRefreshRate() const {
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
    return *mCurrentRefreshRate;
}

const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getCurrentRefreshRateByPolicy() const {
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
    return getCurrentRefreshRateByPolicyLocked();
}

const RefreshRate& RefreshRateConfigs::getCurrentRefreshRateByPolicyLocked() const {
    if (std::find(mAppRequestRefreshRates.begin(), mAppRequestRefreshRates.end(),
                  mCurrentRefreshRate) != mAppRequestRefreshRates.end()) {
        return *mCurrentRefreshRate;
    }
    return *mRefreshRates.at(getCurrentPolicyLocked()->defaultConfig);
}

void RefreshRateConfigs::setCurrentConfigId(HwcConfigIndexType configId) {
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
    mCurrentRefreshRate = mRefreshRates.at(configId).get();
}

RefreshRateConfigs::RefreshRateConfigs(
        const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const HWC2::Display::Config>>& configs,
        HwcConfigIndexType currentConfigId)
      : mKnownFrameRates(constructKnownFrameRates(configs)) {
    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(configs.empty());
    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(currentConfigId.value() >= configs.size());

    for (auto configId = HwcConfigIndexType(0); configId.value() < configs.size(); configId++) {
        const auto& config = configs.at(static_cast<size_t>(configId.value()));
        const float fps = 1e9f / config->getVsyncPeriod();
        mRefreshRates.emplace(configId,
                              std::make_unique<RefreshRate>(configId, config,
                                                            base::StringPrintf("%.0ffps", fps), fps,
                                                            RefreshRate::ConstructorTag(0)));
        if (configId == currentConfigId) {
            mCurrentRefreshRate = mRefreshRates.at(configId).get();
        }
    }

    std::vector<const RefreshRate*> sortedConfigs;
    getSortedRefreshRateList([](const RefreshRate&) { return true; }, &sortedConfigs);
    mDisplayManagerPolicy.defaultConfig = currentConfigId;
    mMinSupportedRefreshRate = sortedConfigs.front();
    mMaxSupportedRefreshRate = sortedConfigs.back();
    constructAvailableRefreshRates();
}

bool RefreshRateConfigs::isPolicyValid(const Policy& policy) {
    // defaultConfig must be a valid config, and within the given refresh rate range.
    auto iter = mRefreshRates.find(policy.defaultConfig);
    if (iter == mRefreshRates.end()) {
        return false;
    }
    const RefreshRate& refreshRate = *iter->second;
    if (!refreshRate.inPolicy(policy.primaryRange.min, policy.primaryRange.max)) {
        return false;
    }
    return policy.appRequestRange.min <= policy.primaryRange.min &&
            policy.appRequestRange.max >= policy.primaryRange.max;
}

status_t RefreshRateConfigs::setDisplayManagerPolicy(const Policy& policy) {
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
    if (!isPolicyValid(policy)) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }
    Policy previousPolicy = *getCurrentPolicyLocked();
    mDisplayManagerPolicy = policy;
    if (*getCurrentPolicyLocked() == previousPolicy) {
        return CURRENT_POLICY_UNCHANGED;
    }
    constructAvailableRefreshRates();
    return NO_ERROR;
}

status_t RefreshRateConfigs::setOverridePolicy(const std::optional<Policy>& policy) {
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
    if (policy && !isPolicyValid(*policy)) {
        return BAD_VALUE;
    }
    Policy previousPolicy = *getCurrentPolicyLocked();
    mOverridePolicy = policy;
    if (*getCurrentPolicyLocked() == previousPolicy) {
        return CURRENT_POLICY_UNCHANGED;
    }
    constructAvailableRefreshRates();
    return NO_ERROR;
}

const RefreshRateConfigs::Policy* RefreshRateConfigs::getCurrentPolicyLocked() const {
    return mOverridePolicy ? &mOverridePolicy.value() : &mDisplayManagerPolicy;
}

RefreshRateConfigs::Policy RefreshRateConfigs::getCurrentPolicy() const {
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
    return *getCurrentPolicyLocked();
}

RefreshRateConfigs::Policy RefreshRateConfigs::getDisplayManagerPolicy() const {
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
    return mDisplayManagerPolicy;
}

bool RefreshRateConfigs::isConfigAllowed(HwcConfigIndexType config) const {
    std::lock_guard lock(mLock);
    for (const RefreshRate* refreshRate : mAppRequestRefreshRates) {
        if (refreshRate->configId == config) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

void RefreshRateConfigs::getSortedRefreshRateList(
        const std::function<bool(const RefreshRate&)>& shouldAddRefreshRate,
        std::vector<const RefreshRate*>* outRefreshRates) {
    outRefreshRates->clear();
    outRefreshRates->reserve(mRefreshRates.size());
    for (const auto& [type, refreshRate] : mRefreshRates) {
        if (shouldAddRefreshRate(*refreshRate)) {
            ALOGV("getSortedRefreshRateList: config %d added to list policy",
                  refreshRate->configId.value());
            outRefreshRates->push_back(refreshRate.get());
        }
    }

    std::sort(outRefreshRates->begin(), outRefreshRates->end(),
              [](const auto refreshRate1, const auto refreshRate2) {
                  if (refreshRate1->hwcConfig->getVsyncPeriod() !=
                      refreshRate2->hwcConfig->getVsyncPeriod()) {
                      return refreshRate1->hwcConfig->getVsyncPeriod() >
                              refreshRate2->hwcConfig->getVsyncPeriod();
                  } else {
                      return refreshRate1->hwcConfig->getConfigGroup() >
                              refreshRate2->hwcConfig->getConfigGroup();
                  }
              });
}

void RefreshRateConfigs::constructAvailableRefreshRates() {
    // Filter configs based on current policy and sort based on vsync period
    const Policy* policy = getCurrentPolicyLocked();
    const auto& defaultConfig = mRefreshRates.at(policy->defaultConfig)->hwcConfig;
    ALOGV("constructAvailableRefreshRates: default %d group %d primaryRange=[%.2f %.2f]"
          " appRequestRange=[%.2f %.2f]",
          policy->defaultConfig.value(), defaultConfig->getConfigGroup(), policy->primaryRange.min,
          policy->primaryRange.max, policy->appRequestRange.min, policy->appRequestRange.max);

    auto filterRefreshRates = [&](float min, float max, const char* listName,
                                  std::vector<const RefreshRate*>* outRefreshRates) {
        getSortedRefreshRateList(
                [&](const RefreshRate& refreshRate) REQUIRES(mLock) {
                    const auto& hwcConfig = refreshRate.hwcConfig;

                    return hwcConfig->getHeight() == defaultConfig->getHeight() &&
                            hwcConfig->getWidth() == defaultConfig->getWidth() &&
                            hwcConfig->getDpiX() == defaultConfig->getDpiX() &&
                            hwcConfig->getDpiY() == defaultConfig->getDpiY() &&
                            (policy->allowGroupSwitching ||
                             hwcConfig->getConfigGroup() == defaultConfig->getConfigGroup()) &&
                            refreshRate.inPolicy(min, max);
                },
                outRefreshRates);

        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(outRefreshRates->empty(),
                            "No matching configs for %s range: min=%.0f max=%.0f", listName, min,
                            max);
        auto stringifyRefreshRates = [&]() -> std::string {
            std::string str;
            for (auto refreshRate : *outRefreshRates) {
                base::StringAppendF(&str, "%s ", refreshRate->name.c_str());
            }
            return str;
        };
        ALOGV("%s refresh rates: %s", listName, stringifyRefreshRates().c_str());
    };

    filterRefreshRates(policy->primaryRange.min, policy->primaryRange.max, "primary",
                       &mPrimaryRefreshRates);
    filterRefreshRates(policy->appRequestRange.min, policy->appRequestRange.max, "app request",
                       &mAppRequestRefreshRates);
}

std::vector<float> RefreshRateConfigs::constructKnownFrameRates(
        const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<const HWC2::Display::Config>>& configs) {
    std::vector<float> knownFrameRates = {24.0f, 30.0f, 45.0f, 60.0f, 72.0f};
    knownFrameRates.reserve(knownFrameRates.size() + configs.size());

    // Add all supported refresh rates to the set
    for (const auto& config : configs) {
        const auto refreshRate = 1e9f / config->getVsyncPeriod();
        knownFrameRates.emplace_back(refreshRate);
    }

    // Sort and remove duplicates
    const auto frameRatesEqual = [](float a, float b) { return std::abs(a - b) <= 0.01f; };
    std::sort(knownFrameRates.begin(), knownFrameRates.end());
    knownFrameRates.erase(std::unique(knownFrameRates.begin(), knownFrameRates.end(),
                                      frameRatesEqual),
                          knownFrameRates.end());
    return knownFrameRates;
}

float RefreshRateConfigs::findClosestKnownFrameRate(float frameRate) const {
    if (frameRate <= *mKnownFrameRates.begin()) {
        return *mKnownFrameRates.begin();
    }

    if (frameRate >= *std::prev(mKnownFrameRates.end())) {
        return *std::prev(mKnownFrameRates.end());
    }

    auto lowerBound = std::lower_bound(mKnownFrameRates.begin(), mKnownFrameRates.end(), frameRate);

    const auto distance1 = std::abs(frameRate - *lowerBound);
    const auto distance2 = std::abs(frameRate - *std::prev(lowerBound));
    return distance1 < distance2 ? *lowerBound : *std::prev(lowerBound);
}

} // namespace android::scheduler