cmds/lshal/test.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <chrono>
#include <future>
#include <mutex>
#include "android/hidl/base/1.0/IBase.h"
#define LOG_TAG "Lshal"
#include <android-base/logging.h>

#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>

#include <android-base/parseint.h>
#include <android/hardware/tests/inheritance/1.0/IChild.h>
#include <gmock/gmock.h>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
#include <vintf/parse_xml.h>

#include "ListCommand.h"
#include "Lshal.h"

#define NELEMS(array)   static_cast<int>(sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0]))

using namespace testing;

using std::chrono_literals::operator""ms;

using ::android::hidl::base::V1_0::DebugInfo;
using ::android::hidl::base::V1_0::IBase;
using ::android::hidl::manager::V1_0::IServiceManager;
using ::android::hidl::manager::V1_0::IServiceNotification;
using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
using ::android::hardware::hidl_death_recipient;
using ::android::hardware::hidl_handle;
using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
using ::android::hardware::Void;
using android::vintf::Arch;
using android::vintf::CompatibilityMatrix;
using android::vintf::HalManifest;
using android::vintf::Transport;
using android::vintf::VintfObject;

using InstanceDebugInfo = IServiceManager::InstanceDebugInfo;

using hidl_hash = hidl_array<uint8_t, 32>;

namespace android {
namespace hardware {
namespace tests {
namespace inheritance {
namespace V1_0 {
namespace implementation {
struct Child : android::hardware::tests::inheritance::V1_0::IChild {
    ::android::hardware::Return<void> doChild() override { return Void(); }
    ::android::hardware::Return<void> doParent() override { return Void(); }
    ::android::hardware::Return<void> doGrandparent() override { return Void(); }

    ::android::hardware::Return<void> debug(const hidl_handle& hh, const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& options) override {
        const native_handle_t *handle = hh.getNativeHandle();
        if (handle->numFds < 1) {
            return Void();
        }
        int fd = handle->data[0];
        std::string content{descriptor};
        for (const auto &option : options) {
            content += "\n";
            content += option.c_str();
        }
        if (options.size() > 0) {
            uint64_t len;
            if (android::base::ParseUint(options[0], &len)) {
                content += "\n";
                content += std::string(len, 'X');
            }
        }
        ssize_t written = write(fd, content.c_str(), content.size());
        if (written != (ssize_t)content.size()) {
            LOG(WARNING) << "SERVER(Child) debug writes " << written << " bytes < "
                    << content.size() << " bytes, errno = " << errno;
        }
        return Void();
    }
};

} // namespace implementation
} // namespace V1_0
} // namespace inheritance
} // namespace tests
} // namespace hardware

namespace lshal {

class MockServiceManager : public IServiceManager {
public:
    template<typename T>
    using R = ::android::hardware::Return<T>;
    using String = const hidl_string&;
    ~MockServiceManager() = default;

#define MOCK_METHOD_CB(name) MOCK_METHOD1(name, R<void>(IServiceManager::name##_cb))

    MOCK_METHOD2(get, R<sp<IBase>>(String, String));
    MOCK_METHOD2(add, R<bool>(String, const sp<IBase>&));
    MOCK_METHOD2(getTransport, R<IServiceManager::Transport>(String, String));
    MOCK_METHOD_CB(list);
    MOCK_METHOD2(listByInterface, R<void>(String, listByInterface_cb));
    MOCK_METHOD3(registerForNotifications, R<bool>(String, String, const sp<IServiceNotification>&));
    MOCK_METHOD_CB(debugDump);
    MOCK_METHOD2(registerPassthroughClient, R<void>(String, String));
    MOCK_METHOD_CB(interfaceChain);
    MOCK_METHOD2(debug, R<void>(const hidl_handle&, const hidl_vec<hidl_string>&));
    MOCK_METHOD_CB(interfaceDescriptor);
    MOCK_METHOD_CB(getHashChain);
    MOCK_METHOD0(setHalInstrumentation, R<void>());
    MOCK_METHOD2(linkToDeath, R<bool>(const sp<hidl_death_recipient>&, uint64_t));
    MOCK_METHOD0(ping, R<void>());
    MOCK_METHOD_CB(getDebugInfo);
    MOCK_METHOD0(notifySyspropsChanged, R<void>());
    MOCK_METHOD1(unlinkToDeath, R<bool>(const sp<hidl_death_recipient>&));

};

class DebugTest : public ::testing::Test {
public:
    void SetUp() override {
        using ::android::hardware::tests::inheritance::V1_0::IChild;
        using ::android::hardware::tests::inheritance::V1_0::IParent;
        using ::android::hardware::tests::inheritance::V1_0::IGrandparent;
        using ::android::hardware::tests::inheritance::V1_0::implementation::Child;

        err.str("");
        out.str("");
        serviceManager = new testing::NiceMock<MockServiceManager>();
        ON_CALL(*serviceManager, get(_, _))
                .WillByDefault(
                        Invoke([](const auto& iface,
                                  const auto& inst) -> ::android::hardware::Return<sp<IBase>> {
                            if (inst != "default") return nullptr;
                            if (iface == IChild::descriptor || iface == IParent::descriptor ||
                                iface == IGrandparent::descriptor)
                                return new Child();
                            return nullptr;
                        }));

        lshal = std::make_unique<Lshal>(out, err, serviceManager, serviceManager);
    }
    void TearDown() override {}

    std::stringstream err;
    std::stringstream out;
    sp<MockServiceManager> serviceManager;

    std::unique_ptr<Lshal> lshal;
};

static Arg createArg(const std::vector<const char*>& args) {
    return Arg{static_cast<int>(args.size()), const_cast<char**>(args.data())};
}

template<typename T>
static Status callMain(const std::unique_ptr<T>& lshal, const std::vector<const char*>& args) {
    return lshal->main(createArg(args));
}

TEST_F(DebugTest, Debug) {
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, callMain(lshal, {
        "lshal", "debug", "android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild/default", "foo", "bar"
    }));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), StrEq("android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild\nfoo\nbar"));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), IsEmpty());
}

TEST_F(DebugTest, Debug2) {
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, callMain(lshal, {
        "lshal", "debug", "android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild", "baz", "quux"
    }));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), StrEq("android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild\nbaz\nquux"));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), IsEmpty());
}

TEST_F(DebugTest, Debug3) {
    EXPECT_NE(0u, callMain(lshal, {
        "lshal", "debug", "android.hardware.tests.doesnotexist@1.0::IDoesNotExist",
    }));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), HasSubstr("does not exist"));
}

TEST_F(DebugTest, DebugLarge) {
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, callMain(lshal, {
        "lshal", "debug", "android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild/default", "10000"
    }));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(),
                StrEq("android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild\n10000\n" +
                      std::string(10000, 'X')));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), IsEmpty());
}

TEST_F(DebugTest, DebugParent) {
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, callMain(lshal, {
        "lshal", "debug", "android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IParent", "calling parent"
    }));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), StrEq("android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IChild\ncalling parent"));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), IsEmpty());
}

TEST_F(DebugTest, DebugParentExclude) {
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, callMain(lshal, {
        "lshal", "debug", "-E", "android.hardware.tests.inheritance@1.0::IParent", "excluding"
    }));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), IsEmpty());
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), IsEmpty());
}

class MockLshal : public Lshal {
public:
    MockLshal() {}
    ~MockLshal() = default;
    MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(out, NullableOStream<std::ostream>());
    MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(err, NullableOStream<std::ostream>());
};

// expose protected fields and methods for ListCommand
class MockListCommand : public ListCommand {
public:
    explicit MockListCommand(Lshal* lshal) : ListCommand(*lshal) {}

    Status parseArgs(const Arg& arg) { return ListCommand::parseArgs(arg); }
    Status main(const Arg& arg) { return ListCommand::main(arg); }
    void forEachTable(const std::function<void(Table &)> &f) {
        return ListCommand::forEachTable(f);
    }
    void forEachTable(const std::function<void(const Table &)> &f) const {
        return ListCommand::forEachTable(f);
    }
    Status fetch() { return ListCommand::fetch(); }
    void dumpVintf(const NullableOStream<std::ostream>& out) {
        return ListCommand::dumpVintf(out);
    }
    void internalPostprocess() { ListCommand::postprocess(); }
    const BinderPidInfo* getPidInfoCached(pid_t serverPid) {
        return ListCommand::getPidInfoCached(serverPid);
    }

    MOCK_METHOD0(postprocess, void());
    MOCK_CONST_METHOD2(getPidInfo, bool(pid_t, BinderPidInfo*));
    MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(parseCmdline, std::string(pid_t));
    MOCK_METHOD1(getPartition, Partition(pid_t));

    MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getDeviceManifest, std::shared_ptr<const vintf::HalManifest>());
    MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getDeviceMatrix, std::shared_ptr<const vintf::CompatibilityMatrix>());
    MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getFrameworkManifest, std::shared_ptr<const vintf::HalManifest>());
    MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getFrameworkMatrix, std::shared_ptr<const vintf::CompatibilityMatrix>());
};

class ListParseArgsTest : public ::testing::Test {
public:
    void SetUp() override {
        mockLshal = std::make_unique<NiceMock<MockLshal>>();
        mockList = std::make_unique<MockListCommand>(mockLshal.get());
        ON_CALL(*mockLshal, err()).WillByDefault(Return(NullableOStream<std::ostream>(err)));
        // ListCommand::parseArgs should parse arguments from the second element
        optind = 1;
    }
    std::unique_ptr<MockLshal> mockLshal;
    std::unique_ptr<MockListCommand> mockList;
    std::stringstream err;
};

TEST_F(ListParseArgsTest, Args) {
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->parseArgs(createArg({"lshal", "-p", "-i", "-a", "-c"})));
    mockList->forEachTable([](const Table& table) {
        EXPECT_EQ(SelectedColumns({TableColumnType::SERVER_PID, TableColumnType::INTERFACE_NAME,
                                   TableColumnType::SERVER_ADDR, TableColumnType::CLIENT_PIDS}),
                  table.getSelectedColumns());
    });
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListParseArgsTest, Cmds) {
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->parseArgs(createArg({"lshal", "-m"})));
    mockList->forEachTable([](const Table& table) {
        EXPECT_THAT(table.getSelectedColumns(), Not(Contains(TableColumnType::SERVER_PID)))
                << "should not print server PID with -m";
        EXPECT_THAT(table.getSelectedColumns(), Not(Contains(TableColumnType::CLIENT_PIDS)))
                << "should not print client PIDs with -m";
        EXPECT_THAT(table.getSelectedColumns(), Contains(TableColumnType::SERVER_CMD))
                << "should print server cmd with -m";
        EXPECT_THAT(table.getSelectedColumns(), Contains(TableColumnType::CLIENT_CMDS))
                << "should print client cmds with -m";
    });
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListParseArgsTest, DebugAndNeat) {
    EXPECT_NE(0u, mockList->parseArgs(createArg({"lshal", "--neat", "-d"})));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), HasSubstr("--neat should not be used with --debug."));
}

/// Fetch Test

// A set of deterministic functions to generate fake debug infos.
static uint64_t getPtr(pid_t serverId) { return 10000 + serverId; }
static std::vector<pid_t> getClients(pid_t serverId) {
    return {serverId + 1, serverId + 3};
}
static BinderPidInfo getPidInfoFromId(pid_t serverId) {
    BinderPidInfo info;
    info.refPids[getPtr(serverId)] = getClients(serverId);
    info.threadUsage = 10 + serverId;
    info.threadCount = 20 + serverId;
    return info;
}
static std::string getInterfaceName(pid_t serverId) {
    return "a.h.foo" + std::to_string(serverId) + "@" + std::to_string(serverId) + ".0::IFoo";
}
static std::string getInstanceName(pid_t serverId) {
    return std::to_string(serverId);
}
static pid_t getIdFromInstanceName(const hidl_string& instance) {
    return atoi(instance.c_str());
}
static std::string getFqInstanceName(pid_t serverId) {
    return getInterfaceName(serverId) + "/" + getInstanceName(serverId);
}
static std::string getCmdlineFromId(pid_t serverId) {
    if (serverId == NO_PID) return "";
    return "command_line_" + std::to_string(serverId);
}
static bool getIsReleasedFromId(pid_t p) { return p % 2 == 0; }
static hidl_hash getHashFromId(pid_t serverId) {
    hidl_hash hash;
    bool isReleased = getIsReleasedFromId(serverId);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < hash.size(); ++i) {
        hash[i] = isReleased ? static_cast<uint8_t>(serverId) : 0u;
    }
    return hash;
}

// Fake service returned by mocked IServiceManager::get.
class TestService : public IBase {
public:
    explicit TestService(pid_t id) : mId(id) {}
    hardware::Return<void> getDebugInfo(getDebugInfo_cb cb) override {
        cb({ mId /* pid */, getPtr(mId), DebugInfo::Architecture::IS_64BIT });
        return hardware::Void();
    }
    hardware::Return<void> interfaceChain(interfaceChain_cb cb) override {
        cb({getInterfaceName(mId), IBase::descriptor});
        return hardware::Void();
    }
    hardware::Return<void> getHashChain(getHashChain_cb cb) override {
        cb({getHashFromId(mId), getHashFromId(0xff)});
        return hardware::Void();
    }
private:
    pid_t mId;
};

class ListTest : public ::testing::Test {
public:
    virtual void SetUp() override {
        initMockServiceManager();
        lshal = std::make_unique<Lshal>(out, err, serviceManager, passthruManager);
        initMockList();
    }

    void initMockList() {
        mockList = std::make_unique<NiceMock<MockListCommand>>(lshal.get());
        ON_CALL(*mockList, getPidInfo(_,_)).WillByDefault(Invoke(
            [](pid_t serverPid, BinderPidInfo* info) {
                *info = getPidInfoFromId(serverPid);
                return true;
            }));
        ON_CALL(*mockList, parseCmdline(_)).WillByDefault(Invoke(&getCmdlineFromId));
        ON_CALL(*mockList, postprocess()).WillByDefault(Invoke([&]() {
            mockList->internalPostprocess();
            size_t i = 0;
            mockList->forEachTable([&](Table& table) {
                table.setDescription("[fake description " + std::to_string(i++) + "]");
            });
        }));
        ON_CALL(*mockList, getPartition(_)).WillByDefault(Return(Partition::VENDOR));

        ON_CALL(*mockList, getDeviceManifest())
                .WillByDefault(Return(std::make_shared<HalManifest>()));
        ON_CALL(*mockList, getDeviceMatrix())
                .WillByDefault(Return(std::make_shared<CompatibilityMatrix>()));
        ON_CALL(*mockList, getFrameworkManifest())
                .WillByDefault(Return(std::make_shared<HalManifest>()));
        ON_CALL(*mockList, getFrameworkMatrix())
                .WillByDefault(Return(std::make_shared<CompatibilityMatrix>()));
    }

    void initMockServiceManager() {
        serviceManager = new testing::NiceMock<MockServiceManager>();
        passthruManager = new testing::NiceMock<MockServiceManager>();
        using A = DebugInfo::Architecture;
        ON_CALL(*serviceManager, list(_)).WillByDefault(Invoke(
            [] (IServiceManager::list_cb cb) {
                cb({ getFqInstanceName(1), getFqInstanceName(2) });
                return hardware::Void();
            }));

        ON_CALL(*serviceManager, get(_, _)).WillByDefault(Invoke(
            [&](const hidl_string&, const hidl_string& instance) {
                int id = getIdFromInstanceName(instance);
                return sp<IBase>(new TestService(id));
            }));

        ON_CALL(*serviceManager, debugDump(_)).WillByDefault(Invoke(
            [] (IServiceManager::debugDump_cb cb) {
                cb({InstanceDebugInfo{getInterfaceName(3), getInstanceName(3), 3,
                                      getClients(3), A::IS_32BIT},
                    InstanceDebugInfo{getInterfaceName(4), getInstanceName(4), 4,
                                      getClients(4), A::IS_32BIT}});
                return hardware::Void();
            }));

        ON_CALL(*passthruManager, debugDump(_)).WillByDefault(Invoke(
            [] (IServiceManager::debugDump_cb cb) {
                cb({InstanceDebugInfo{getInterfaceName(5), getInstanceName(5), 5,
                                      getClients(5), A::IS_32BIT},
                    InstanceDebugInfo{getInterfaceName(6), getInstanceName(6), 6,
                                      getClients(6), A::IS_32BIT}});
                return hardware::Void();
            }));
    }

    std::stringstream err;
    std::stringstream out;
    std::unique_ptr<Lshal> lshal;
    std::unique_ptr<MockListCommand> mockList;
    sp<MockServiceManager> serviceManager;
    sp<MockServiceManager> passthruManager;
};

TEST_F(ListTest, GetPidInfoCached) {
    EXPECT_CALL(*mockList, getPidInfo(5, _)).Times(1);

    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, mockList->getPidInfoCached(5));
    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, mockList->getPidInfoCached(5));
}

TEST_F(ListTest, Fetch) {
    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    ASSERT_EQ(0u, mockList->parseArgs(createArg({"lshal"})));
    ASSERT_EQ(0u, mockList->fetch());
    vintf::TransportArch hwbinder{Transport::HWBINDER, Arch::ARCH_64};
    vintf::TransportArch passthrough{Transport::PASSTHROUGH, Arch::ARCH_32};
    std::array<vintf::TransportArch, 6> transportArchs{{hwbinder, hwbinder, passthrough,
                                                        passthrough, passthrough, passthrough}};
    int i = 0;
    mockList->forEachTable([&](const Table& table) {
        for (const auto& entry : table) {
            if (i >= transportArchs.size()) {
                break;
            }

            int id = i + 1;
            auto transport = transportArchs.at(i).transport;
            TableEntry expected{
                .interfaceName = getFqInstanceName(id),
                .transport = transport,
                .serverPid = transport == Transport::HWBINDER ? id : NO_PID,
                .threadUsage =
                        transport == Transport::HWBINDER ? getPidInfoFromId(id).threadUsage : 0,
                .threadCount =
                        transport == Transport::HWBINDER ? getPidInfoFromId(id).threadCount : 0,
                .serverCmdline = {},
                .serverObjectAddress = transport == Transport::HWBINDER ? getPtr(id) : NO_PTR,
                .clientPids = getClients(id),
                .clientCmdlines = {},
                .arch = transportArchs.at(i).arch,
            };
            EXPECT_EQ(expected, entry) << expected.to_string() << " vs. " << entry.to_string();

            ++i;
        }
    });

    EXPECT_EQ(transportArchs.size(), i) << "Not all entries are tested.";

}

TEST_F(ListTest, DumpVintf) {
    const std::string expected = "    <hal format=\"hidl\">\n"
                                 "        <name>a.h.foo1</name>\n"
                                 "        <transport>hwbinder</transport>\n"
                                 "        <fqname>@1.0::IFoo/1</fqname>\n"
                                 "    </hal>\n"
                                 "    <hal format=\"hidl\">\n"
                                 "        <name>a.h.foo2</name>\n"
                                 "        <transport>hwbinder</transport>\n"
                                 "        <fqname>@2.0::IFoo/2</fqname>\n"
                                 "    </hal>\n"
                                 "    <hal format=\"hidl\">\n"
                                 "        <name>a.h.foo3</name>\n"
                                 "        <transport arch=\"32\">passthrough</transport>\n"
                                 "        <fqname>@3.0::IFoo/3</fqname>\n"
                                 "    </hal>\n"
                                 "    <hal format=\"hidl\">\n"
                                 "        <name>a.h.foo4</name>\n"
                                 "        <transport arch=\"32\">passthrough</transport>\n"
                                 "        <fqname>@4.0::IFoo/4</fqname>\n"
                                 "    </hal>\n";

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "--init-vintf"})));
    auto output = out.str();
    EXPECT_THAT(output, HasSubstr(expected));
    EXPECT_THAT(output, HasSubstr("a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5"));
    EXPECT_THAT(output, HasSubstr("a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6"));
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());

    std::string error;
    vintf::HalManifest m;
    EXPECT_EQ(true, vintf::fromXml(&m, out.str(), &error))
        << "--init-vintf does not emit valid HAL manifest: " << error;
}

// test default columns
TEST_F(ListTest, DumpDefault) {
    const std::string expected =
        "[fake description 0]\n"
        "VINTF R Interface            Thread Use Server Clients\n"
        "X     N a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 11/21      1      2 4\n"
        "X     Y a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2 12/22      2      3 5\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 1]\n"
        "VINTF R Interface            Thread Use Server Clients\n"
        "X     ? a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 N/A        N/A    4 6\n"
        "X     ? a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 N/A        N/A    5 7\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 2]\n"
        "VINTF R Interface            Thread Use Server Clients\n"
        "X     ? a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 N/A        N/A    6 8\n"
        "X     ? a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 N/A        N/A    7 9\n"
        "\n";

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, DumpHash) {
    const std::string expected =
        "[fake description 0]\n"
        "Interface            R Hash\n"
        "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 N 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n"
        "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2 Y 0202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 1]\n"
        "Interface            R Hash\n"
        "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 ? \n"
        "a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 ? \n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 2]\n"
        "Interface            R Hash\n"
        "a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 ? \n"
        "a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 ? \n"
        "\n";

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-ils"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, Dump) {
    const std::string expected =
        "[fake description 0]\n"
        "Interface            Transport Arch Thread Use Server PTR              Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 hwbinder  64   11/21      1      0000000000002711 2 4\n"
        "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2 hwbinder  64   12/22      2      0000000000002712 3 5\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 1]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Arch Thread Use Server PTR Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 4 6\n"
        "a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 5 7\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 2]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Arch Thread Use Server PTR Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 6 8\n"
        "a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 7 9\n"
        "\n";

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-itrepac"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, DumpCmdline) {
    const std::string expected =
        "[fake description 0]\n"
        "Interface            Transport Arch Thread Use Server CMD     PTR              Clients CMD\n"
        "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 hwbinder  64   11/21      command_line_1 0000000000002711 command_line_2;command_line_4\n"
        "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2 hwbinder  64   12/22      command_line_2 0000000000002712 command_line_3;command_line_5\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 1]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Arch Thread Use Server CMD PTR Clients CMD\n"
        "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 passthrough 32   N/A                   N/A command_line_4;command_line_6\n"
        "a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 passthrough 32   N/A                   N/A command_line_5;command_line_7\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 2]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Arch Thread Use Server CMD PTR Clients CMD\n"
        "a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 passthrough 32   N/A                   N/A command_line_6;command_line_8\n"
        "a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 passthrough 32   N/A                   N/A command_line_7;command_line_9\n"
        "\n";

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-itrepacm"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, DumpNeat) {
    const std::string expected =
        "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 11/21 1   2 4\n"
        "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2 12/22 2   3 5\n"
        "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 N/A   N/A 4 6\n"
        "a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 N/A   N/A 5 7\n"
        "a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 N/A   N/A 6 8\n"
        "a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 N/A   N/A 7 9\n";

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-iepc", "--neat"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, DumpSingleHalType) {
    const std::string expected =
        "[fake description 0]\n"
        "Interface            Transport Arch Thread Use Server PTR              Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 hwbinder  64   11/21      1      0000000000002711 2 4\n"
        "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2 hwbinder  64   12/22      2      0000000000002712 3 5\n"
        "\n";

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-itrepac", "--types=binderized"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, DumpReorderedHalTypes) {
    const std::string expected =
        "[fake description 0]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Arch Thread Use Server PTR Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 4 6\n"
        "a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 5 7\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 1]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Arch Thread Use Server PTR Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 6 8\n"
        "a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 7 9\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 2]\n"
        "Interface            Transport Arch Thread Use Server PTR              Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 hwbinder  64   11/21      1      0000000000002711 2 4\n"
        "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2 hwbinder  64   12/22      2      0000000000002712 3 5\n"
        "\n";

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-itrepac", "--types=passthrough_clients",
                                            "--types=passthrough_libs", "--types=binderized"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, DumpAbbreviatedHalTypes) {
    const std::string expected =
        "[fake description 0]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Arch Thread Use Server PTR Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 4 6\n"
        "a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 5 7\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 1]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Arch Thread Use Server PTR Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 6 8\n"
        "a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 7 9\n"
        "\n";

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-itrepac", "--types=c,l"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, DumpEmptyAndDuplicateHalTypes) {
    const std::string expected =
        "[fake description 0]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Arch Thread Use Server PTR Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 4 6\n"
        "a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 5 7\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 1]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Arch Thread Use Server PTR Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 6 8\n"
        "a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 passthrough 32   N/A        N/A    N/A 7 9\n"
        "\n";

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-itrepac", "--types=c,l,,,l,l,c,",
                                            "--types=passthrough_libs,passthrough_clients"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, UnknownHalType) {
    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(1u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-itrepac", "--types=c,r"})));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), HasSubstr("Unrecognized HAL type: r"));
}

TEST_F(ListTest, Vintf) {
    std::string deviceManifestXml =
            "<manifest version=\"1.0\" type=\"device\">\n"
            "    <hal>\n"
            "        <name>a.h.foo1</name>\n"
            "        <transport>hwbinder</transport>\n"
            "        <fqname>@1.0::IFoo/1</fqname>\n"
            "    </hal>\n"
            "    <hal>\n"
            "        <name>a.h.foo3</name>\n"
            "        <transport arch=\"32+64\">passthrough</transport>\n"
            "        <fqname>@3.0::IFoo/3</fqname>\n"
            "    </hal>\n"
            "</manifest>\n";
    std::string frameworkManifestXml =
            "<manifest version=\"1.0\" type=\"framework\">\n"
            "    <hal>\n"
            "        <name>a.h.foo5</name>\n"
            "        <transport arch=\"32\">passthrough</transport>\n"
            "        <fqname>@5.0::IFoo/5</fqname>\n"
            "    </hal>\n"
            "</manifest>\n";
    std::string deviceMatrixXml =
            "<compatibility-matrix version=\"1.0\" type=\"device\">\n"
            "    <hal>\n"
            "        <name>a.h.foo5</name>\n"
            "        <version>5.0</version>\n"
            "        <interface>\n"
            "            <name>IFoo</name>\n"
            "            <instance>5</instance>\n"
            "        </interface>\n"
            "    </hal>\n"
            "</compatibility-matrix>\n";
    std::string frameworkMatrixXml =
            "<compatibility-matrix version=\"1.0\" type=\"framework\">\n"
            "    <hal>\n"
            "        <name>a.h.foo1</name>\n"
            "        <version>1.0</version>\n"
            "        <interface>\n"
            "            <name>IFoo</name>\n"
            "            <instance>1</instance>\n"
            "        </interface>\n"
            "    </hal>\n"
            "    <hal>\n"
            "        <name>a.h.foo3</name>\n"
            "        <version>3.0</version>\n"
            "        <interface>\n"
            "            <name>IFoo</name>\n"
            "            <instance>3</instance>\n"
            "        </interface>\n"
            "    </hal>\n"
            "</compatibility-matrix>\n";

    std::string expected = "DM,FC a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1\n"
                           "X     a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2\n"
                           "DM,FC a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3\n"
                           "X     a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4\n"
                           "DC,FM a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5\n"
                           "X     a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6\n";

    auto deviceManifest = std::make_shared<HalManifest>();
    auto frameworkManifest = std::make_shared<HalManifest>();
    auto deviceMatrix = std::make_shared<CompatibilityMatrix>();
    auto frameworkMatrix = std::make_shared<CompatibilityMatrix>();

    ASSERT_TRUE(fromXml(deviceManifest.get(), deviceManifestXml));
    ASSERT_TRUE(fromXml(frameworkManifest.get(), frameworkManifestXml));
    ASSERT_TRUE(fromXml(deviceMatrix.get(), deviceMatrixXml));
    ASSERT_TRUE(fromXml(frameworkMatrix.get(), frameworkMatrixXml));

    ON_CALL(*mockList, getDeviceManifest()).WillByDefault(Return(deviceManifest));
    ON_CALL(*mockList, getDeviceMatrix()).WillByDefault(Return(deviceMatrix));
    ON_CALL(*mockList, getFrameworkManifest()).WillByDefault(Return(frameworkManifest));
    ON_CALL(*mockList, getFrameworkMatrix()).WillByDefault(Return(frameworkMatrix));

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-Vi", "--neat"})));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), HasSubstr(expected));
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, AllColumns) {
    // clang-format off
    const std::string expected =
        "[fake description 0]\n"
        "Interface            Transport Server PTR              Arch Thread Use R Hash                                                             VINTF Status Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 hwbinder  1      0000000000002711 64   11/21      N 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 X     alive  2 4\n"
        "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2 hwbinder  2      0000000000002712 64   12/22      Y 0202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202 X     alive  3 5\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 1]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Server PTR Arch Thread Use R Hash VINTF Status Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 passthrough N/A    N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    4 6\n"
        "a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 passthrough N/A    N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    5 7\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 2]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Server PTR Arch Thread Use R Hash VINTF Status Clients\n"
        "a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 passthrough N/A    N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    6 8\n"
        "a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 passthrough N/A    N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    7 9\n"
        "\n";
    // clang-format on

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "--all"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, AllColumnsWithCmd) {
    // clang-format off
    const std::string expected =
        "[fake description 0]\n"
        "Interface            Transport Server CMD     PTR              Arch Thread Use R Hash                                                             VINTF Status Clients CMD\n"
        "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 hwbinder  command_line_1 0000000000002711 64   11/21      N 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 X     alive  command_line_2;command_line_4\n"
        "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/2 hwbinder  command_line_2 0000000000002712 64   12/22      Y 0202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202020202 X     alive  command_line_3;command_line_5\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 1]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Server CMD PTR Arch Thread Use R Hash VINTF Status Clients CMD\n"
        "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/3 passthrough            N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    command_line_4;command_line_6\n"
        "a.h.foo4@4.0::IFoo/4 passthrough            N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    command_line_5;command_line_7\n"
        "\n"
        "[fake description 2]\n"
        "Interface            Transport   Server CMD PTR Arch Thread Use R Hash VINTF Status Clients CMD\n"
        "a.h.foo5@5.0::IFoo/5 passthrough            N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    command_line_6;command_line_8\n"
        "a.h.foo6@6.0::IFoo/6 passthrough            N/A 32   N/A        ?      X     N/A    command_line_7;command_line_9\n"
        "\n";
    // clang-format on

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-Am"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListTest, AllSections) {
    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "--types=all"})));
    using HalTypeBase = std::underlying_type_t<HalType>;
    for (HalTypeBase i = 0; i < static_cast<HalTypeBase>(HalType::LAST); ++i) {
        EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), HasSubstr("[fake description " + std::to_string(i) + "]"));
    }
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(),
                Not(HasSubstr("[fake description " +
                              std::to_string(static_cast<HalTypeBase>(HalType::LAST)) + "]")));
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

// Fake service returned by mocked IServiceManager::get for DumpDebug.
// The interfaceChain and getHashChain functions returns
// foo(id - 1) -> foo(id - 2) -> ... foo1 -> IBase.
class InheritingService : public IBase {
public:
    explicit InheritingService(pid_t id) : mId(id) {}
    android::hardware::Return<void> interfaceDescriptor(interfaceDescriptor_cb cb) override {
        cb(getInterfaceName(mId));
        return hardware::Void();
    }
    android::hardware::Return<void> interfaceChain(interfaceChain_cb cb) override {
        std::vector<hidl_string> ret;
        for (auto i = mId; i > 0; --i) {
            ret.push_back(getInterfaceName(i));
        }
        ret.push_back(IBase::descriptor);
        cb(ret);
        return hardware::Void();
    }
    android::hardware::Return<void> getHashChain(getHashChain_cb cb) override {
        std::vector<hidl_hash> ret;
        for (auto i = mId; i > 0; --i) {
            ret.push_back(getHashFromId(i));
        }
        ret.push_back(getHashFromId(0xff));
        cb(ret);
        return hardware::Void();
    }
    android::hardware::Return<void> debug(const hidl_handle& hh,
                                          const hidl_vec<hidl_string>&) override {
        const native_handle_t* handle = hh.getNativeHandle();
        if (handle->numFds < 1) {
            return Void();
        }
        int fd = handle->data[0];
        std::string content = "debug info for ";
        content += getInterfaceName(mId);
        ssize_t written = write(fd, content.c_str(), content.size());
        if (written != (ssize_t)content.size()) {
            LOG(WARNING) << "SERVER(" << descriptor << ") debug writes " << written << " bytes < "
                         << content.size() << " bytes, errno = " << errno;
        }
        return Void();
    }

private:
    pid_t mId;
};

TEST_F(ListTest, DumpDebug) {
    size_t inheritanceLevel = 3;
    sp<IBase> service = new InheritingService(inheritanceLevel);

    EXPECT_CALL(*serviceManager, list(_)).WillRepeatedly(Invoke([&](IServiceManager::list_cb cb) {
        std::vector<hidl_string> ret;
        for (auto i = 1; i <= inheritanceLevel; ++i) {
            ret.push_back(getInterfaceName(i) + "/default");
        }
        cb(ret);
        return hardware::Void();
    }));
    EXPECT_CALL(*serviceManager, get(_, _))
            .WillRepeatedly(Invoke([&](const hidl_string&, const hidl_string&) -> sp<IBase> {
                return sp<IBase>(service);
            }));

    const std::string expected = "[fake description 0]\n"
                                 "Interface\n"
                                 "a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/default\n"
                                 "[See a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/default]\n"
                                 "a.h.foo2@2.0::IFoo/default\n"
                                 "[See a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/default]\n"
                                 "a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo/default\n"
                                 "debug info for a.h.foo3@3.0::IFoo\n"
                                 "\n";

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "--types=b", "-id"})));
    EXPECT_EQ(expected, out.str());
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

// In SlowService, everything goes slooooooow. Each IPC call will wait for
// the specified time before calling the callback function or returning.
class SlowService : public IBase {
public:
    explicit SlowService(std::chrono::milliseconds wait) : mWait(wait) {}
    android::hardware::Return<void> interfaceDescriptor(interfaceDescriptor_cb cb) override {
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(mWait);
        cb(getInterfaceName(1));
        storeHistory("interfaceDescriptor");
        return hardware::Void();
    }
    android::hardware::Return<void> interfaceChain(interfaceChain_cb cb) override {
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(mWait);
        std::vector<hidl_string> ret;
        ret.push_back(getInterfaceName(1));
        ret.push_back(IBase::descriptor);
        cb(ret);
        storeHistory("interfaceChain");
        return hardware::Void();
    }
    android::hardware::Return<void> getHashChain(getHashChain_cb cb) override {
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(mWait);
        std::vector<hidl_hash> ret;
        ret.push_back(getHashFromId(0));
        ret.push_back(getHashFromId(0xff));
        cb(ret);
        storeHistory("getHashChain");
        return hardware::Void();
    }
    android::hardware::Return<void> debug(const hidl_handle&,
                                          const hidl_vec<hidl_string>&) override {
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(mWait);
        storeHistory("debug");
        return Void();
    }

    template <class R, class P, class Pred>
    bool waitForHistory(std::chrono::duration<R, P> wait, Pred predicate) {
        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mLock);
        return mCv.wait_for(lock, wait, [&]() { return predicate(mCallHistory); });
    }

private:
    void storeHistory(std::string hist) {
        {
            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mLock);
            mCallHistory.emplace_back(std::move(hist));
        }
        mCv.notify_all();
    }

    const std::chrono::milliseconds mWait;
    std::mutex mLock;
    std::condition_variable mCv;
    // List of functions that have finished being called on this interface.
    std::vector<std::string> mCallHistory;
};

class TimeoutTest : public ListTest {
public:
    void setMockServiceManager(sp<IBase> service) {
        EXPECT_CALL(*serviceManager, list(_))
                .WillRepeatedly(Invoke([&](IServiceManager::list_cb cb) {
                    std::vector<hidl_string> ret;
                    ret.push_back(getInterfaceName(1) + "/default");
                    cb(ret);
                    return hardware::Void();
                }));
        EXPECT_CALL(*serviceManager, get(_, _))
                .WillRepeatedly(Invoke([&](const hidl_string&, const hidl_string&) -> sp<IBase> {
                    return service;
                }));
    }
};

TEST_F(TimeoutTest, BackgroundThreadIsKept) {
    auto lshalIpcTimeout = 100ms;
    auto serviceIpcTimeout = 200ms;
    lshal->setWaitTimeForTest(lshalIpcTimeout, lshalIpcTimeout);
    sp<SlowService> service = new SlowService(serviceIpcTimeout);
    setMockServiceManager(service);

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_NE(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "--types=b", "-i", "--neat"})));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), HasSubstr("Skipping \"a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/default\""));
    EXPECT_TRUE(service->waitForHistory(serviceIpcTimeout * 5, [](const auto& hist) {
        return hist.size() == 1 && hist[0] == "interfaceChain";
    })) << "The background thread should continue after the main thread moves on, but it is killed";
}

TEST_F(TimeoutTest, BackgroundThreadDoesNotBlockMainThread) {
    auto lshalIpcTimeout = 100ms;
    auto serviceIpcTimeout = 2000ms;
    auto start = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
    lshal->setWaitTimeForTest(lshalIpcTimeout, lshalIpcTimeout);
    sp<SlowService> service = new SlowService(serviceIpcTimeout);
    setMockServiceManager(service);

    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_NE(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "--types=b", "-i", "--neat"})));
    EXPECT_LE(std::chrono::system_clock::now(), start + 5 * lshalIpcTimeout)
            << "The main thread should not be blocked by the background task";
}

class ListVintfTest : public ListTest {
public:
    virtual void SetUp() override {
        ListTest::SetUp();
        const std::string mockManifestXml =
                "<manifest version=\"1.0\" type=\"device\">\n"
                "    <hal format=\"hidl\">\n"
                "        <name>a.h.foo1</name>\n"
                "        <transport>hwbinder</transport>\n"
                "        <fqname>@1.0::IFoo/1</fqname>\n"
                "    </hal>\n"
                "    <hal format=\"hidl\">\n"
                "        <name>a.h.bar1</name>\n"
                "        <transport>hwbinder</transport>\n"
                "        <fqname>@1.0::IBar/1</fqname>\n"
                "    </hal>\n"
                "    <hal format=\"hidl\">\n"
                "        <name>a.h.bar2</name>\n"
                "        <transport arch=\"32+64\">passthrough</transport>\n"
                "        <fqname>@2.0::IBar/2</fqname>\n"
                "    </hal>\n"
                "</manifest>";
        auto manifest = std::make_shared<HalManifest>();
        EXPECT_TRUE(fromXml(manifest.get(), mockManifestXml));
        EXPECT_CALL(*mockList, getDeviceManifest())
            .Times(AnyNumber())
            .WillRepeatedly(Return(manifest));
    }
};

TEST_F(ListVintfTest, ManifestHals) {
    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-iStr", "--types=v", "--neat"})));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), HasSubstr("a.h.bar1@1.0::IBar/1 declared hwbinder    ?"));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), HasSubstr("a.h.bar2@2.0::IBar/2 declared passthrough 32+64"));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), HasSubstr("a.h.foo1@1.0::IFoo/1 declared hwbinder    ?"));
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListVintfTest, Lazy) {
    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-iStr", "--types=z", "--neat"})));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), HasSubstr("a.h.bar1@1.0::IBar/1 declared hwbinder    ?"));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), HasSubstr("a.h.bar2@2.0::IBar/2 declared passthrough 32+64"));
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

TEST_F(ListVintfTest, NoLazy) {
    optind = 1; // mimic Lshal::parseArg()
    EXPECT_EQ(0u, mockList->main(createArg({"lshal", "-iStr", "--types=b,c,l", "--neat"})));
    EXPECT_THAT(out.str(), Not(HasSubstr("IBar")));
    EXPECT_EQ("", err.str());
}

class HelpTest : public ::testing::Test {
public:
    void SetUp() override {
        lshal = std::make_unique<Lshal>(out, err, new MockServiceManager() /* serviceManager */,
                                        new MockServiceManager() /* passthruManager */);
    }

    std::stringstream err;
    std::stringstream out;
    std::unique_ptr<Lshal> lshal;
};

TEST_F(HelpTest, GlobalUsage) {
    (void)callMain(lshal, {"lshal", "--help"}); // ignore return
    std::string errStr = err.str();
    EXPECT_THAT(errStr, ContainsRegex("(^|\n)commands:($|\n)"))
        << "`lshal --help` does not contain global usage";
    EXPECT_THAT(errStr, ContainsRegex("(^|\n)list:($|\n)"))
        << "`lshal --help` does not contain usage for 'list' command";
    EXPECT_THAT(errStr, ContainsRegex("(^|\n)debug:($|\n)"))
        << "`lshal --help` does not contain usage for 'debug' command";
    EXPECT_THAT(errStr, ContainsRegex("(^|\n)help:($|\n)"))
        << "`lshal --help` does not contain usage for 'help' command";

    err.str("");
    (void)callMain(lshal, {"lshal", "help"}); // ignore return
    EXPECT_EQ(errStr, err.str()) << "`lshal help` should have the same output as `lshal --help`";

    err.str("");
    EXPECT_NE(0u, callMain(lshal, {"lshal", "--unknown-option"}));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), ContainsRegex("unrecognized option"));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), EndsWith(errStr))
            << "`lshal --unknown-option` should have the same output as `lshal --help`";
    EXPECT_EQ("", out.str());
}

TEST_F(HelpTest, UnknownOptionList1) {
    (void)callMain(lshal, {"lshal", "help", "list"});
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), ContainsRegex("(^|\n)list:($|\n)"))
        << "`lshal help list` does not contain usage for 'list' command";
}

TEST_F(HelpTest, UnknownOptionList2) {
    EXPECT_NE(0u, callMain(lshal, {"lshal", "list", "--unknown-option"}));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), ContainsRegex("unrecognized option"));
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), ContainsRegex("(^|\n)list:($|\n)"))
        << "`lshal list --unknown-option` does not contain usage for 'list' command";
    EXPECT_EQ("", out.str());
}

TEST_F(HelpTest, UnknownOptionHelp1) {
    (void)callMain(lshal, {"lshal", "help", "help"});
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), ContainsRegex("(^|\n)help:($|\n)"))
        << "`lshal help help` does not contain usage for 'help' command";
}

TEST_F(HelpTest, UnknownOptionHelp2) {
    (void)callMain(lshal, {"lshal", "help", "--unknown-option"});
    EXPECT_THAT(err.str(), ContainsRegex("(^|\n)help:($|\n)"))
        << "`lshal help --unknown-option` does not contain usage for 'help' command";
    EXPECT_EQ("", out.str());
}

} // namespace lshal
} // namespace android

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    ::testing::InitGoogleMock(&argc, argv);
    // Use _exit() to force terminate background threads in Timeout.h
    _exit(RUN_ALL_TESTS());
}