libs/binder/rust/tests/integration.rs - android_frameworks_native - Gitiles

 /*
  * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
  *
  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  *
  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */

 //! Rust Binder crate integration tests

 use binder::declare_binder_interface;
 use binder::parcel::Parcel;
 use binder::{Binder, IBinder, Interface, SpIBinder, StatusCode, ThreadState, TransactionCode};
 use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};

 /// Name of service runner.
 ///
 /// Must match the binary name in Android.bp
 const RUST_SERVICE_BINARY: &str = "rustBinderTestService";

 /// Binary to run a test service.
 ///
 /// This needs to be in a separate process from the tests, so we spawn this
 /// binary as a child, providing the service name as an argument.
 fn main() -> Result<(), &'static str> {
     // Ensure that we can handle all transactions on the main thread.
     binder::ProcessState::set_thread_pool_max_thread_count(0);
     binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();

     let mut args = std::env::args().skip(1);
     if args.len() < 1 || args.len() > 2 {
         print_usage();
         return Err("");
     }
     let service_name = args.next().ok_or_else(|| {
         print_usage();
         "Missing SERVICE_NAME argument"
     })?;
     let extension_name = args.next();

     {
         let mut service = Binder::new(BnTest(Box::new(TestService {
             s: service_name.clone(),
         })));
         service.set_requesting_sid(true);
         if let Some(extension_name) = extension_name {
             let extension = BnTest::new_binder(TestService { s: extension_name });
             service
                 .set_extension(&mut extension.as_binder())
                 .expect("Could not add extension");
         }
         binder::add_service(&service_name, service.as_binder())
             .expect("Could not register service");
     }

     binder::ProcessState::join_thread_pool();
     Err("Unexpected exit after join_thread_pool")
 }

 fn print_usage() {
     eprintln!(
         "Usage: {} SERVICE_NAME [EXTENSION_NAME]",
         RUST_SERVICE_BINARY
     );
     eprintln!(concat!(
         "Spawn a Binder test service identified by SERVICE_NAME,",
         " optionally with an extesion named EXTENSION_NAME",
     ));
 }

 #[derive(Clone)]
 struct TestService {
     s: String,
 }

 #[repr(u32)]
 enum TestTransactionCode {
     Test = SpIBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION,
     GetSelinuxContext,
 }

 impl TryFrom<u32> for TestTransactionCode {
     type Error = StatusCode;

     fn try_from(c: u32) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
         match c {
             _ if c == TestTransactionCode::Test as u32 => Ok(TestTransactionCode::Test),
             _ if c == TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext as u32 => {
                 Ok(TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext)
             }
             _ => Err(StatusCode::UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION),
         }
     }
 }

 impl Interface for TestService {}

 impl ITest for TestService {
     fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
         Ok(self.s.clone())
     }

     fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
         let sid =
             ThreadState::with_calling_sid(|sid| sid.map(|s| s.to_string_lossy().into_owned()));
         sid.ok_or(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL)
     }
 }

 /// Trivial testing binder interface
 pub trait ITest: Interface {
     /// Returns a test string
     fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String>;

     /// Returns the caller's SELinux context
     fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String>;
 }

 declare_binder_interface! {
     ITest["android.os.ITest"] {
         native: BnTest(on_transact),
         proxy: BpTest {
             x: i32 = 100
         },
     }
 }

 fn on_transact(
     service: &dyn ITest,
     code: TransactionCode,
     _data: &Parcel,
     reply: &mut Parcel,
 ) -> binder::Result<()> {
     match code.try_into()? {
         TestTransactionCode::Test => reply.write(&service.test()?),
         TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext => reply.write(&service.get_selinux_context()?),
     }
 }

 impl ITest for BpTest {
     fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
         let reply =
             self.binder
                 .transact(TestTransactionCode::Test as TransactionCode, 0, |_| Ok(()))?;
         reply.read()
     }

     fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
         let reply = self.binder.transact(
             TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext as TransactionCode,
             0,
             |_| Ok(()),
         )?;
         reply.read()
     }
 }

 impl ITest for Binder<BnTest> {
     fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
         self.0.test()
     }

     fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
         self.0.get_selinux_context()
     }
 }

 /// Trivial testing binder interface
 pub trait ITestSameDescriptor: Interface {}

 declare_binder_interface! {
     ITestSameDescriptor["android.os.ITest"] {
         native: BnTestSameDescriptor(on_transact_same_descriptor),
         proxy: BpTestSameDescriptor,
     }
 }

 fn on_transact_same_descriptor(
     _service: &dyn ITestSameDescriptor,
     _code: TransactionCode,
     _data: &Parcel,
     _reply: &mut Parcel,
 ) -> binder::Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }

 impl ITestSameDescriptor for BpTestSameDescriptor {}

 impl ITestSameDescriptor for Binder<BnTestSameDescriptor> {}


 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use selinux_bindgen as selinux_sys;
     use std::ffi::CStr;
     use std::fs::File;
     use std::process::{Child, Command};
     use std::ptr;
     use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
     use std::sync::Arc;
     use std::thread;
     use std::time::Duration;

     use binder::{Binder, DeathRecipient, FromIBinder, IBinder, Interface, SpIBinder, StatusCode};

     use super::{BnTest, ITest, ITestSameDescriptor, RUST_SERVICE_BINARY, TestService};

     pub struct ScopedServiceProcess(Child);

     impl ScopedServiceProcess {
         pub fn new(identifier: &str) -> Self {
             Self::new_internal(identifier, None)
         }

         pub fn new_with_extension(identifier: &str, extension: &str) -> Self {
             Self::new_internal(identifier, Some(extension))
         }

         fn new_internal(identifier: &str, extension: Option<&str>) -> Self {
             let mut binary_path =
                 std::env::current_exe().expect("Could not retrieve current executable path");
             binary_path.pop();
             binary_path.push(RUST_SERVICE_BINARY);
             let mut command = Command::new(&binary_path);
             command.arg(identifier);
             if let Some(ext) = extension {
                 command.arg(ext);
             }
             let child = command.spawn().expect("Could not start service");
             Self(child)
         }
     }

     impl Drop for ScopedServiceProcess {
         fn drop(&mut self) {
             self.0.kill().expect("Could not kill child process");
             self.0
                 .wait()
                 .expect("Could not wait for child process to die");
         }
     }

     #[test]
     fn check_services() {
         let mut sm = binder::get_service("manager").expect("Did not get manager binder service");
         assert!(sm.is_binder_alive());
         assert!(sm.ping_binder().is_ok());

         assert!(binder::get_service("this_service_does_not_exist").is_none());
         assert_eq!(
             binder::get_interface::<dyn ITest>("this_service_does_not_exist").err(),
             Some(StatusCode::NAME_NOT_FOUND)
         );

         // The service manager service isn't an ITest, so this must fail.
         assert_eq!(
             binder::get_interface::<dyn ITest>("manager").err(),
             Some(StatusCode::BAD_TYPE)
         );
     }

     #[test]
     fn trivial_client() {
         let service_name = "trivial_client_test";
         let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
         let test_client: Box<dyn ITest> =
             binder::get_interface(service_name).expect("Did not get manager binder service");
         assert_eq!(test_client.test().unwrap(), "trivial_client_test");
     }

     #[test]
     fn get_selinux_context() {
         let service_name = "get_selinux_context";
         let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
         let test_client: Box<dyn ITest> =
             binder::get_interface(service_name).expect("Did not get manager binder service");
         let expected_context = unsafe {
             let mut out_ptr = ptr::null_mut();
             assert_eq!(selinux_sys::getcon(&mut out_ptr), 0);
             assert!(!out_ptr.is_null());
             CStr::from_ptr(out_ptr)
         };
         assert_eq!(
             test_client.get_selinux_context().unwrap(),
             expected_context.to_str().expect("context was invalid UTF-8"),
         );
     }

     fn register_death_notification(binder: &mut SpIBinder) -> (Arc<AtomicBool>, DeathRecipient) {
         let binder_died = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));

         let mut death_recipient = {
             let flag = binder_died.clone();
             DeathRecipient::new(move || {
                 flag.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
             })
         };

         binder
             .link_to_death(&mut death_recipient)
             .expect("link_to_death failed");

         (binder_died, death_recipient)
     }

     /// Killing a remote service should unregister the service and trigger
     /// death notifications.
     #[test]
     fn test_death_notifications() {
         binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();

         let service_name = "test_death_notifications";
         let service_process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
         let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name).expect("Could not retrieve service");

         let (binder_died, _recipient) = register_death_notification(&mut remote);

         drop(service_process);
         remote
             .ping_binder()
             .expect_err("Service should have died already");

         // Pause to ensure any death notifications get delivered
         thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));

         assert!(
             binder_died.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
             "Did not receive death notification"
         );
     }

     /// Test unregistering death notifications.
     #[test]
     fn test_unregister_death_notifications() {
         binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();

         let service_name = "test_unregister_death_notifications";
         let service_process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
         let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name).expect("Could not retrieve service");

         let (binder_died, mut recipient) = register_death_notification(&mut remote);

         remote
             .unlink_to_death(&mut recipient)
             .expect("Could not unlink death notifications");

         drop(service_process);
         remote
             .ping_binder()
             .expect_err("Service should have died already");

         // Pause to ensure any death notifications get delivered
         thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));

         assert!(
             !binder_died.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
             "Received unexpected death notification after unlinking",
         );
     }

     /// Dropping a remote handle should unregister any death notifications.
     #[test]
     fn test_death_notification_registration_lifetime() {
         binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();

         let service_name = "test_death_notification_registration_lifetime";
         let service_process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
         let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name).expect("Could not retrieve service");

         let (binder_died, _recipient) = register_death_notification(&mut remote);

         // This should automatically unregister our death notification.
         drop(remote);

         drop(service_process);

         // Pause to ensure any death notifications get delivered
         thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));

         // We dropped the remote handle, so we should not receive the death
         // notification when the remote process dies here.
         assert!(
             !binder_died.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
             "Received unexpected death notification after dropping remote handle"
         );
     }

     /// Test IBinder interface methods not exercised elsewhere.
     #[test]
     fn test_misc_ibinder() {
         let service_name = "rust_test_ibinder";

         {
             let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);

             let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name);
             assert!(remote.is_binder_alive());
             remote.ping_binder().expect("Could not ping remote service");

             // We're not testing the output of dump here, as that's really a
             // property of the C++ implementation. There is the risk that the
             // method just does nothing, but we don't want to depend on any
             // particular output from the underlying library.
             let null_out = File::open("/dev/null").expect("Could not open /dev/null");
             remote
                 .dump(&null_out, &[])
                 .expect("Could not dump remote service");
         }

         // get/set_extensions is tested in test_extensions()

         // transact is tested everywhere else, and we can't make raw
         // transactions outside the [FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION,
         // LAST_CALL_TRANSACTION] range from the NDK anyway.

         // link_to_death is tested in test_*_death_notification* tests.
     }

     #[test]
     fn test_extensions() {
         let service_name = "rust_test_extensions";
         let extension_name = "rust_test_extensions_ext";

         {
             let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);

             let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name);
             assert!(remote.is_binder_alive());

             let extension = remote
                 .get_extension()
                 .expect("Could not check for an extension");
             assert!(extension.is_none());
         }

         {
             let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new_with_extension(service_name, extension_name);

             let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name);
             assert!(remote.is_binder_alive());

             let maybe_extension = remote
                 .get_extension()
                 .expect("Could not check for an extension");

             let extension = maybe_extension.expect("Remote binder did not have an extension");

             let extension: Box<dyn ITest> = FromIBinder::try_from(extension)
                 .expect("Extension could not be converted to the expected interface");

             assert_eq!(extension.test().unwrap(), extension_name);
         }
     }

     /// Test re-associating a local binder object with a different class.
     ///
     /// This is needed because different binder service (e.g. NDK vs Rust)
     /// implementations are incompatible and must not be interchanged. A local
     /// service with the same descriptor string but a different class pointer
     /// may have been created by an NDK service and is therefore incompatible
     /// with the Rust service implementation. It must be treated as remote and
     /// all API calls parceled and sent through transactions.
     ///
     /// Further tests of this behavior with the C NDK and Rust API are in
     /// rust_ndk_interop.rs
     #[test]
     fn associate_existing_class() {
         let service = Binder::new(BnTest(Box::new(TestService {
             s: "testing_service".to_string(),
         })));

         // This should succeed although we will have to treat the service as
         // remote.
         let _interface: Box<dyn ITestSameDescriptor> = FromIBinder::try_from(service.as_binder())
             .expect("Could not re-interpret service as the ITestSameDescriptor interface");
     }

     /// Test that we can round-trip a rust service through a generic IBinder
     #[test]
     fn reassociate_rust_binder() {
         let service_name = "testing_service";
         let service_ibinder = BnTest::new_binder(TestService { s: service_name.to_string() })
             .as_binder();

         let service: Box<dyn ITest> = service_ibinder.into_interface()
             .expect("Could not reassociate the generic ibinder");

         assert_eq!(service.test().unwrap(), service_name);
     }
 }
	/*
	* Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
	*
	* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
	* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
	* You may obtain a copy of the License at
	*
	* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	*
	* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
	* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
	* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
	* limitations under the License.
	*/

	//! Rust Binder crate integration tests

	use binder::declare_binder_interface;
	use binder::parcel::Parcel;
	use binder::{Binder, IBinder, Interface, SpIBinder, StatusCode, ThreadState, TransactionCode};
	use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};

	/// Name of service runner.
	///
	/// Must match the binary name in Android.bp
	const RUST_SERVICE_BINARY: &str = "rustBinderTestService";

	/// Binary to run a test service.
	///
	/// This needs to be in a separate process from the tests, so we spawn this
	/// binary as a child, providing the service name as an argument.
	fn main() -> Result<(), &'static str> {
	// Ensure that we can handle all transactions on the main thread.
	binder::ProcessState::set_thread_pool_max_thread_count(0);
	binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();

	let mut args = std::env::args().skip(1);
	if args.len() < 1 \|\| args.len() > 2 {
	print_usage();
	return Err("");
	}
	let service_name = args.next().ok_or_else(\|\| {
	print_usage();
	"Missing SERVICE_NAME argument"
	})?;
	let extension_name = args.next();

	{
	let mut service = Binder::new(BnTest(Box::new(TestService {
	s: service_name.clone(),
	})));
	service.set_requesting_sid(true);
	if let Some(extension_name) = extension_name {
	let extension = BnTest::new_binder(TestService { s: extension_name });
	service
	.set_extension(&mut extension.as_binder())
	.expect("Could not add extension");
	}
	binder::add_service(&service_name, service.as_binder())
	.expect("Could not register service");
	}

	binder::ProcessState::join_thread_pool();
	Err("Unexpected exit after join_thread_pool")
	}

	fn print_usage() {
	eprintln!(
	"Usage: {} SERVICE_NAME [EXTENSION_NAME]",
	RUST_SERVICE_BINARY
	);
	eprintln!(concat!(
	"Spawn a Binder test service identified by SERVICE_NAME,",
	" optionally with an extesion named EXTENSION_NAME",
	));
	}

	#[derive(Clone)]
	struct TestService {
	s: String,
	}

	#[repr(u32)]
	enum TestTransactionCode {
	Test = SpIBinder::FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION,
	GetSelinuxContext,
	}

	impl TryFrom<u32> for TestTransactionCode {
	type Error = StatusCode;

	fn try_from(c: u32) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
	match c {
	_ if c == TestTransactionCode::Test as u32 => Ok(TestTransactionCode::Test),
	_ if c == TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext as u32 => {
	Ok(TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext)
	}
	_ => Err(StatusCode::UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION),
	}
	}
	}

	impl Interface for TestService {}

	impl ITest for TestService {
	fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
	Ok(self.s.clone())
	}

	fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
	let sid =
	ThreadState::with_calling_sid(\|sid\| sid.map(\|s\| s.to_string_lossy().into_owned()));
	sid.ok_or(StatusCode::UNEXPECTED_NULL)
	}
	}

	/// Trivial testing binder interface
	pub trait ITest: Interface {
	/// Returns a test string
	fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String>;

	/// Returns the caller's SELinux context
	fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String>;
	}

	declare_binder_interface! {
	ITest["android.os.ITest"] {
	native: BnTest(on_transact),
	proxy: BpTest {
	x: i32 = 100
	},
	}
	}

	fn on_transact(
	service: &dyn ITest,
	code: TransactionCode,
	_data: &Parcel,
	reply: &mut Parcel,
	) -> binder::Result<()> {
	match code.try_into()? {
	TestTransactionCode::Test => reply.write(&service.test()?),
	TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext => reply.write(&service.get_selinux_context()?),
	}
	}

	impl ITest for BpTest {
	fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
	let reply =
	self.binder
	.transact(TestTransactionCode::Test as TransactionCode, 0, \|_\| Ok(()))?;
	reply.read()
	}

	fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
	let reply = self.binder.transact(
	TestTransactionCode::GetSelinuxContext as TransactionCode,
	0,
	\|_\| Ok(()),
	)?;
	reply.read()
	}
	}

	impl ITest for Binder<BnTest> {
	fn test(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
	self.0.test()
	}

	fn get_selinux_context(&self) -> binder::Result<String> {
	self.0.get_selinux_context()
	}
	}

	/// Trivial testing binder interface
	pub trait ITestSameDescriptor: Interface {}

	declare_binder_interface! {
	ITestSameDescriptor["android.os.ITest"] {
	native: BnTestSameDescriptor(on_transact_same_descriptor),
	proxy: BpTestSameDescriptor,
	}
	}

	fn on_transact_same_descriptor(
	_service: &dyn ITestSameDescriptor,
	_code: TransactionCode,
	_data: &Parcel,
	_reply: &mut Parcel,
	) -> binder::Result<()> {
	Ok(())
	}

	impl ITestSameDescriptor for BpTestSameDescriptor {}

	impl ITestSameDescriptor for Binder<BnTestSameDescriptor> {}


	#[cfg(test)]
	mod tests {
	use selinux_bindgen as selinux_sys;
	use std::ffi::CStr;
	use std::fs::File;
	use std::process::{Child, Command};
	use std::ptr;
	use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
	use std::sync::Arc;
	use std::thread;
	use std::time::Duration;

	use binder::{Binder, DeathRecipient, FromIBinder, IBinder, Interface, SpIBinder, StatusCode};

	use super::{BnTest, ITest, ITestSameDescriptor, RUST_SERVICE_BINARY, TestService};

	pub struct ScopedServiceProcess(Child);

	impl ScopedServiceProcess {
	pub fn new(identifier: &str) -> Self {
	Self::new_internal(identifier, None)
	}

	pub fn new_with_extension(identifier: &str, extension: &str) -> Self {
	Self::new_internal(identifier, Some(extension))
	}

	fn new_internal(identifier: &str, extension: Option<&str>) -> Self {
	let mut binary_path =
	std::env::current_exe().expect("Could not retrieve current executable path");
	binary_path.pop();
	binary_path.push(RUST_SERVICE_BINARY);
	let mut command = Command::new(&binary_path);
	command.arg(identifier);
	if let Some(ext) = extension {
	command.arg(ext);
	}
	let child = command.spawn().expect("Could not start service");
	Self(child)
	}
	}

	impl Drop for ScopedServiceProcess {
	fn drop(&mut self) {
	self.0.kill().expect("Could not kill child process");
	self.0
	.wait()
	.expect("Could not wait for child process to die");
	}
	}

	#[test]
	fn check_services() {
	let mut sm = binder::get_service("manager").expect("Did not get manager binder service");
	assert!(sm.is_binder_alive());
	assert!(sm.ping_binder().is_ok());

	assert!(binder::get_service("this_service_does_not_exist").is_none());
	assert_eq!(
	binder::get_interface::<dyn ITest>("this_service_does_not_exist").err(),
	Some(StatusCode::NAME_NOT_FOUND)
	);

	// The service manager service isn't an ITest, so this must fail.
	assert_eq!(
	binder::get_interface::<dyn ITest>("manager").err(),
	Some(StatusCode::BAD_TYPE)
	);
	}

	#[test]
	fn trivial_client() {
	let service_name = "trivial_client_test";
	let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
	let test_client: Box<dyn ITest> =
	binder::get_interface(service_name).expect("Did not get manager binder service");
	assert_eq!(test_client.test().unwrap(), "trivial_client_test");
	}

	#[test]
	fn get_selinux_context() {
	let service_name = "get_selinux_context";
	let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
	let test_client: Box<dyn ITest> =
	binder::get_interface(service_name).expect("Did not get manager binder service");
	let expected_context = unsafe {
	let mut out_ptr = ptr::null_mut();
	assert_eq!(selinux_sys::getcon(&mut out_ptr), 0);
	assert!(!out_ptr.is_null());
	CStr::from_ptr(out_ptr)
	};
	assert_eq!(
	test_client.get_selinux_context().unwrap(),
	expected_context.to_str().expect("context was invalid UTF-8"),
	);
	}

	fn register_death_notification(binder: &mut SpIBinder) -> (Arc<AtomicBool>, DeathRecipient) {
	let binder_died = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));

	let mut death_recipient = {
	let flag = binder_died.clone();
	DeathRecipient::new(move \|\| {
	flag.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
	})
	};

	binder
	.link_to_death(&mut death_recipient)
	.expect("link_to_death failed");

	(binder_died, death_recipient)
	}

	/// Killing a remote service should unregister the service and trigger
	/// death notifications.
	#[test]
	fn test_death_notifications() {
	binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();

	let service_name = "test_death_notifications";
	let service_process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
	let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name).expect("Could not retrieve service");

	let (binder_died, _recipient) = register_death_notification(&mut remote);

	drop(service_process);
	remote
	.ping_binder()
	.expect_err("Service should have died already");

	// Pause to ensure any death notifications get delivered
	thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));

	assert!(
	binder_died.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
	"Did not receive death notification"
	);
	}

	/// Test unregistering death notifications.
	#[test]
	fn test_unregister_death_notifications() {
	binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();

	let service_name = "test_unregister_death_notifications";
	let service_process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
	let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name).expect("Could not retrieve service");

	let (binder_died, mut recipient) = register_death_notification(&mut remote);

	remote
	.unlink_to_death(&mut recipient)
	.expect("Could not unlink death notifications");

	drop(service_process);
	remote
	.ping_binder()
	.expect_err("Service should have died already");

	// Pause to ensure any death notifications get delivered
	thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));

	assert!(
	!binder_died.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
	"Received unexpected death notification after unlinking",
	);
	}

	/// Dropping a remote handle should unregister any death notifications.
	#[test]
	fn test_death_notification_registration_lifetime() {
	binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();

	let service_name = "test_death_notification_registration_lifetime";
	let service_process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);
	let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name).expect("Could not retrieve service");

	let (binder_died, _recipient) = register_death_notification(&mut remote);

	// This should automatically unregister our death notification.
	drop(remote);

	drop(service_process);

	// Pause to ensure any death notifications get delivered
	thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));

	// We dropped the remote handle, so we should not receive the death
	// notification when the remote process dies here.
	assert!(
	!binder_died.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
	"Received unexpected death notification after dropping remote handle"
	);
	}

	/// Test IBinder interface methods not exercised elsewhere.
	#[test]
	fn test_misc_ibinder() {
	let service_name = "rust_test_ibinder";

	{
	let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);

	let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name);
	assert!(remote.is_binder_alive());
	remote.ping_binder().expect("Could not ping remote service");

	// We're not testing the output of dump here, as that's really a
	// property of the C++ implementation. There is the risk that the
	// method just does nothing, but we don't want to depend on any
	// particular output from the underlying library.
	let null_out = File::open("/dev/null").expect("Could not open /dev/null");
	remote
	.dump(&null_out, &[])
	.expect("Could not dump remote service");
	}

	// get/set_extensions is tested in test_extensions()

	// transact is tested everywhere else, and we can't make raw
	// transactions outside the [FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION,
	// LAST_CALL_TRANSACTION] range from the NDK anyway.

	// link_to_death is tested in test__death_notification tests.
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_extensions() {
	let service_name = "rust_test_extensions";
	let extension_name = "rust_test_extensions_ext";

	{
	let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new(service_name);

	let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name);
	assert!(remote.is_binder_alive());

	let extension = remote
	.get_extension()
	.expect("Could not check for an extension");
	assert!(extension.is_none());
	}

	{
	let _process = ScopedServiceProcess::new_with_extension(service_name, extension_name);

	let mut remote = binder::get_service(service_name);
	assert!(remote.is_binder_alive());

	let maybe_extension = remote
	.get_extension()
	.expect("Could not check for an extension");

	let extension = maybe_extension.expect("Remote binder did not have an extension");

	let extension: Box<dyn ITest> = FromIBinder::try_from(extension)
	.expect("Extension could not be converted to the expected interface");

	assert_eq!(extension.test().unwrap(), extension_name);
	}
	}

	/// Test re-associating a local binder object with a different class.
	///
	/// This is needed because different binder service (e.g. NDK vs Rust)
	/// implementations are incompatible and must not be interchanged. A local
	/// service with the same descriptor string but a different class pointer
	/// may have been created by an NDK service and is therefore incompatible
	/// with the Rust service implementation. It must be treated as remote and
	/// all API calls parceled and sent through transactions.
	///
	/// Further tests of this behavior with the C NDK and Rust API are in
	/// rust_ndk_interop.rs
	#[test]
	fn associate_existing_class() {
	let service = Binder::new(BnTest(Box::new(TestService {
	s: "testing_service".to_string(),
	})));

	// This should succeed although we will have to treat the service as
	// remote.
	let _interface: Box<dyn ITestSameDescriptor> = FromIBinder::try_from(service.as_binder())
	.expect("Could not re-interpret service as the ITestSameDescriptor interface");
	}

	/// Test that we can round-trip a rust service through a generic IBinder
	#[test]
	fn reassociate_rust_binder() {
	let service_name = "testing_service";
	let service_ibinder = BnTest::new_binder(TestService { s: service_name.to_string() })
	.as_binder();

	let service: Box<dyn ITest> = service_ibinder.into_interface()
	.expect("Could not reassociate the generic ibinder");

	assert_eq!(service.test().unwrap(), service_name);
	}
	}