diff --git a/Android.mk b/Android.mk
index 9ad0edd..1203db4 100644
--- a/Android.mk
+++ b/Android.mk
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 	Loop.cpp \
 	Devmapper.cpp \
 	ResponseCode.cpp \
-	Xwarp.cpp \
+	CheckBattery.cpp \
 	VoldUtil.c \
 	fstrim.c \
 	cryptfs.c
@@ -24,11 +24,16 @@
 	external/openssl/include \
 	external/stlport/stlport \
 	bionic \
-	external/scrypt/lib/crypto
+	external/scrypt/lib/crypto \
+	frameworks/native/include \
+	system/security/keystore \
+	hardware/libhardware/include/hardware \
+	system/security/softkeymaster/include/keymaster
 
 common_shared_libraries := \
 	libsysutils \
 	libstlport \
+	libbinder \
 	libcutils \
 	liblog \
 	libdiskconfig \
@@ -36,12 +41,16 @@
 	liblogwrap \
 	libext4_utils \
 	libcrypto \
-	libselinux
+	libselinux \
+	libutils \
+	libhardware \
+	libsoftkeymaster
 
 common_static_libraries := \
 	libfs_mgr \
 	libscrypt_static \
-	libmincrypt
+	libmincrypt \
+	libbatteryservice
 
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
 
diff --git a/CheckBattery.cpp b/CheckBattery.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a674d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CheckBattery.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "VoldCheckBattery"
+#include <cutils/log.h>
+
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <batteryservice/IBatteryPropertiesRegistrar.h>
+
+using namespace android;
+
+namespace
+{
+    // How often to check battery in seconds
+    const int CHECK_PERIOD = 30;
+    const String16 serviceName("batteryproperties");
+
+    sp<IBinder> bs;
+    sp<IBatteryPropertiesRegistrar> interface;
+
+    bool singletonInitialized = false;
+    time_t last_checked = {0};
+    int battery_ok = 1;
+}
+
+extern "C" int is_battery_ok()
+{
+    time_t now = time(NULL);
+    if (now == -1 || difftime(now, last_checked) < 5) {
+        return battery_ok;
+    }
+    last_checked = now;
+
+    if (!singletonInitialized) {
+        bs = defaultServiceManager()->checkService(serviceName);
+        if (bs == NULL) {
+            SLOGE("No batteryproperties service!");
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        interface = interface_cast<IBatteryPropertiesRegistrar>(bs);
+        if (interface == NULL) {
+            SLOGE("No IBatteryPropertiesRegistrar interface");
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        singletonInitialized = true;
+    }
+
+    BatteryProperty val;
+    status_t status = interface->getProperty(android::BATTERY_PROP_CAPACITY,
+                                             &val);
+    if (status == NO_ERROR) {
+        SLOGD("Capacity is %d", (int)val.valueInt64);
+        battery_ok = val.valueInt64 > 5 ? 1 : 0;
+    } else {
+        SLOGE("Failed to get battery charge");
+        battery_ok = 1;
+    }
+
+    return battery_ok;
+}
diff --git a/CheckBattery.h b/CheckBattery.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7bff34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CheckBattery.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _CHECKBATTERY_H__
+#define _CHECKBATTERY_H__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+int is_battery_ok();
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/CommandListener.cpp b/CommandListener.cpp
index c8d6848..3e984a1 100644
--- a/CommandListener.cpp
+++ b/CommandListener.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
+#include <fs_mgr.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
 #define LOG_TAG "VoldCmdListener"
@@ -34,7 +35,6 @@
 #include "VolumeManager.h"
 #include "ResponseCode.h"
 #include "Process.h"
-#include "Xwarp.h"
 #include "Loop.h"
 #include "Devmapper.h"
 #include "cryptfs.h"
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@
     registerCmd(new AsecCmd());
     registerCmd(new ObbCmd());
     registerCmd(new StorageCmd());
-    registerCmd(new XwarpCmd());
     registerCmd(new CryptfsCmd());
     registerCmd(new FstrimCmd());
 }
@@ -115,13 +114,12 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-
 CommandListener::VolumeCmd::VolumeCmd() :
                  VoldCommand("volume") {
 }
 
 int CommandListener::VolumeCmd::runCommand(SocketClient *cli,
-                                                      int argc, char **argv) {
+                                           int argc, char **argv) {
     dumpArgs(argc, argv, -1);
 
     if (argc < 2) {
@@ -231,6 +229,9 @@
 
 int CommandListener::StorageCmd::runCommand(SocketClient *cli,
                                                       int argc, char **argv) {
+    /* Guarantied to be initialized by vold's main() before the CommandListener is active */
+    extern struct fstab *fstab;
+
     dumpArgs(argc, argv, -1);
 
     if (argc < 2) {
@@ -238,6 +239,15 @@
         return 0;
     }
 
+    if (!strcmp(argv[1], "mountall")) {
+        if (argc != 2) {
+            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandSyntaxError, "Usage: mountall", false);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        fs_mgr_mount_all(fstab);
+        cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandOkay, "Mountall ran successfully", false);
+        return 0;
+    }
     if (!strcmp(argv[1], "users")) {
         DIR *dir;
         struct dirent *de;
@@ -512,53 +522,25 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-CommandListener::XwarpCmd::XwarpCmd() :
-                 VoldCommand("xwarp") {
-}
-
-int CommandListener::XwarpCmd::runCommand(SocketClient *cli,
-                                                      int argc, char **argv) {
-    if (argc < 2) {
-        cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandSyntaxError, "Missing Argument", false);
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    if (!strcmp(argv[1], "enable")) {
-        if (Xwarp::enable()) {
-            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::OperationFailed, "Failed to enable xwarp", true);
-            return 0;
-        }
-
-        cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandOkay, "Xwarp mirroring started", false);
-    } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "disable")) {
-        if (Xwarp::disable()) {
-            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::OperationFailed, "Failed to disable xwarp", true);
-            return 0;
-        }
-
-        cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandOkay, "Xwarp disabled", false);
-    } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "status")) {
-        char msg[255];
-        bool r;
-        unsigned mirrorPos, maxSize;
-
-        if (Xwarp::status(&r, &mirrorPos, &maxSize)) {
-            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::OperationFailed, "Failed to get xwarp status", true);
-            return 0;
-        }
-        snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "%s %u %u", (r ? "ready" : "not-ready"), mirrorPos, maxSize);
-        cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::XwarpStatusResult, msg, false);
-    } else {
-        cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandSyntaxError, "Unknown storage cmd", false);
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
 CommandListener::CryptfsCmd::CryptfsCmd() :
                  VoldCommand("cryptfs") {
 }
 
+static int getType(const char* type)
+{
+    if (!strcmp(type, "default")) {
+        return CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT;
+    } else if (!strcmp(type, "password")) {
+        return CRYPT_TYPE_PASSWORD;
+    } else if (!strcmp(type, "pin")) {
+        return CRYPT_TYPE_PIN;
+    } else if (!strcmp(type, "pattern")) {
+        return CRYPT_TYPE_PATTERN;
+    } else {
+        return -1;
+    }
+}
+
 int CommandListener::CryptfsCmd::runCommand(SocketClient *cli,
                                                       int argc, char **argv) {
     if ((cli->getUid() != 0) && (cli->getUid() != AID_SYSTEM)) {
@@ -595,19 +577,54 @@
         dumpArgs(argc, argv, -1);
         rc = cryptfs_crypto_complete();
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "enablecrypto")) {
-        if ( (argc != 4) || (strcmp(argv[2], "wipe") && strcmp(argv[2], "inplace")) ) {
-            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandSyntaxError, "Usage: cryptfs enablecrypto <wipe|inplace> <passwd>", false);
+        const char* syntax = "Usage: cryptfs enablecrypto <wipe|inplace> "
+                             "default|password|pin|pattern [passwd]";
+        if ( (argc != 4 && argc != 5)
+             || (strcmp(argv[2], "wipe") && strcmp(argv[2], "inplace")) ) {
+            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandSyntaxError, syntax, false);
             return 0;
         }
-        dumpArgs(argc, argv, 3);
-        rc = cryptfs_enable(argv[2], argv[3]);
+        dumpArgs(argc, argv, 4);
+
+        int tries;
+        for (tries = 0; tries < 2; ++tries) {
+            int type = getType(argv[3]);
+            if (type == -1) {
+                cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandSyntaxError, syntax,
+                             false);
+                return 0;
+            } else if (type == CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT) {
+              rc = cryptfs_enable_default(argv[2], /*allow_reboot*/false);
+            } else {
+                rc = cryptfs_enable(argv[2], type, argv[4],
+                                    /*allow_reboot*/false);
+            }
+
+            if (rc == 0) {
+                break;
+            } else if (tries == 0) {
+                Process::killProcessesWithOpenFiles(DATA_MNT_POINT, 2);
+            }
+        }
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "changepw")) {
-        if (argc != 3) {
-            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandSyntaxError, "Usage: cryptfs changepw <newpasswd>", false);
+        const char* syntax = "Usage: cryptfs changepw "
+                             "default|password|pin|pattern [newpasswd]";
+        const char* password;
+        if (argc == 3) {
+            password = "";
+        } else if (argc == 4) {
+            password = argv[3];
+        } else {
+            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandSyntaxError, syntax, false);
             return 0;
-        } 
-        SLOGD("cryptfs changepw {}");
-        rc = cryptfs_changepw(argv[2]);
+        }
+        int type = getType(argv[2]);
+        if (type == -1) {
+            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandSyntaxError, syntax, false);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        SLOGD("cryptfs changepw %s {}", argv[2]);
+        rc = cryptfs_changepw(type, password);
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "verifypw")) {
         if (argc != 3) {
             cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandSyntaxError, "Usage: cryptfs verifypw <passwd>", false);
@@ -634,9 +651,49 @@
         }
         dumpArgs(argc, argv, -1);
         rc = cryptfs_setfield(argv[2], argv[3]);
+    } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "mountdefaultencrypted")) {
+        SLOGD("cryptfs mountdefaultencrypted");
+        dumpArgs(argc, argv, -1);
+        rc = cryptfs_mount_default_encrypted();
+    } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "getpwtype")) {
+        SLOGD("cryptfs getpwtype");
+        dumpArgs(argc, argv, -1);
+        switch(cryptfs_get_password_type()) {
+        case CRYPT_TYPE_PASSWORD:
+            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::PasswordTypeResult, "password", false);
+            return 0;
+        case CRYPT_TYPE_PATTERN:
+            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::PasswordTypeResult, "pattern", false);
+            return 0;
+        case CRYPT_TYPE_PIN:
+            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::PasswordTypeResult, "pin", false);
+            return 0;
+        case CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT:
+            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::PasswordTypeResult, "default", false);
+            return 0;
+        default:
+          /** @TODO better error and make sure handled by callers */
+            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::OpFailedStorageNotFound, "Error", false);
+            return 0;
+        }
+    } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "getpw")) {
+        SLOGD("cryptfs getpw");
+        dumpArgs(argc, argv, -1);
+        char* password = cryptfs_get_password();
+        if (password) {
+            cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandOkay, password, false);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        rc = -1;
+    } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "clearpw")) {
+        SLOGD("cryptfs clearpw");
+        dumpArgs(argc, argv, -1);
+        cryptfs_clear_password();
+        rc = 0;
     } else {
         dumpArgs(argc, argv, -1);
         cli->sendMsg(ResponseCode::CommandSyntaxError, "Unknown cryptfs cmd", false);
+        return 0;
     }
 
     // Always report that the command succeeded and return the error code.
diff --git a/CommandListener.h b/CommandListener.h
index 8cc5b09..0bd51d2 100644
--- a/CommandListener.h
+++ b/CommandListener.h
@@ -65,13 +65,6 @@
         int runCommand(SocketClient *c, int argc, char ** argv);
     };
 
-    class XwarpCmd : public VoldCommand {
-    public:
-        XwarpCmd();
-        virtual ~XwarpCmd() {}
-        int runCommand(SocketClient *c, int argc, char ** argv);
-    };
-
     class CryptfsCmd : public VoldCommand {
     public:
         CryptfsCmd();
diff --git a/DirectVolume.cpp b/DirectVolume.cpp
index 9de7aea..fdefeaf 100644
--- a/DirectVolume.cpp
+++ b/DirectVolume.cpp
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
     mPaths = new PathCollection();
     for (int i = 0; i < MAX_PARTITIONS; i++)
         mPartMinors[i] = -1;
-    mPendingPartMap = 0;
+    mPendingPartCount = 0;
     mDiskMajor = -1;
     mDiskMinor = -1;
     mDiskNumParts = 0;
@@ -201,12 +201,9 @@
         mDiskNumParts = 1;
     }
 
-    int partmask = 0;
-    int i;
-    for (i = 1; i <= mDiskNumParts; i++) {
-        partmask |= (1 << i);
-    }
-    mPendingPartMap = partmask;
+    mPendingPartCount = mDiskNumParts;
+    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_PARTITIONS; i++)
+        mPartMinors[i] = -1;
 
     if (mDiskNumParts == 0) {
 #ifdef PARTITION_DEBUG
@@ -215,8 +212,7 @@
         setState(Volume::State_Idle);
     } else {
 #ifdef PARTITION_DEBUG
-        SLOGD("Dv::diskIns - waiting for %d partitions (mask 0x%x)",
-             mDiskNumParts, mPendingPartMap);
+        SLOGD("Dv::diskIns - waiting for %d pending partitions", mPendingPartCount);
 #endif
         setState(Volume::State_Pending);
     }
@@ -256,11 +252,12 @@
     if (part_num >= MAX_PARTITIONS) {
         SLOGE("Dv:partAdd: ignoring part_num = %d (max: %d)\n", part_num, MAX_PARTITIONS-1);
     } else {
+        if ((mPartMinors[part_num - 1] == -1) && mPendingPartCount)
+            mPendingPartCount--;
         mPartMinors[part_num -1] = minor;
     }
-    mPendingPartMap &= ~(1 << part_num);
 
-    if (!mPendingPartMap) {
+    if (!mPendingPartCount) {
 #ifdef PARTITION_DEBUG
         SLOGD("Dv:partAdd: Got all partitions - ready to rock!");
 #endif
@@ -273,7 +270,7 @@
         }
     } else {
 #ifdef PARTITION_DEBUG
-        SLOGD("Dv:partAdd: pending mask now = 0x%x", mPendingPartMap);
+        SLOGD("Dv:partAdd: pending %d disk", mPendingPartCount);
 #endif
     }
 }
@@ -296,12 +293,9 @@
         mDiskNumParts = 1;
     }
 
-    int partmask = 0;
-    int i;
-    for (i = 1; i <= mDiskNumParts; i++) {
-        partmask |= (1 << i);
-    }
-    mPendingPartMap = partmask;
+    mPendingPartCount = mDiskNumParts;
+    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_PARTITIONS; i++)
+        mPartMinors[i] = -1;
 
     if (getState() != Volume::State_Formatting) {
         if (mDiskNumParts == 0) {
diff --git a/DirectVolume.h b/DirectVolume.h
index b1388bb..5e0df74 100644
--- a/DirectVolume.h
+++ b/DirectVolume.h
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
     int            mOrigDiskMinor;
     int            mOrigPartMinors[MAX_PARTITIONS];
     int            mDiskNumParts;
-    unsigned int   mPendingPartMap;
+    int            mPendingPartCount;
     int            mIsDecrypted;
 
 public:
diff --git a/Ext4.cpp b/Ext4.cpp
index b82b4c5..acf1777 100644
--- a/Ext4.cpp
+++ b/Ext4.cpp
@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@
     return rc;
 }
 
-int Ext4::format(const char *fsPath, const char *mountpoint) {
+int Ext4::format(const char *fsPath, unsigned int numSectors, const char *mountpoint) {
     int fd;
-    const char *args[5];
+    const char *args[7];
     int rc;
     int status;
 
@@ -77,7 +77,18 @@
     args[1] = "-J";
     args[2] = "-a";
     args[3] = mountpoint;
-    args[4] = fsPath;
+    if (numSectors) {
+        char tmp[32];
+        snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%u", numSectors * 512);
+        const char *size = tmp;
+        args[4] = "-l";
+        args[5] = size;
+        args[6] = fsPath;
+        rc = android_fork_execvp(ARRAY_SIZE(args), (char **)args, &status, false, true);
+    } else {
+        args[4] = fsPath;
+        rc = android_fork_execvp(5, (char **)args, &status, false, true);
+    }
     rc = android_fork_execvp(ARRAY_SIZE(args), (char **)args, &status, false,
             true);
     if (rc != 0) {
diff --git a/Ext4.h b/Ext4.h
index c5ab78a..54fbec3 100644
--- a/Ext4.h
+++ b/Ext4.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 public:
     static int doMount(const char *fsPath, const char *mountPoint, bool ro, bool remount,
             bool executable);
-    static int format(const char *fsPath, const char *mountpoint);
+    static int format(const char *fsPath, unsigned int numSectors, const char *mountpoint);
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/ResponseCode.h b/ResponseCode.h
index 5e4c6fa..0dc0500 100644
--- a/ResponseCode.h
+++ b/ResponseCode.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
     static const int ShareStatusResult        = 210;
     static const int AsecPathResult           = 211;
     static const int ShareEnabledResult       = 212;
-    static const int XwarpStatusResult        = 213;
+    static const int PasswordTypeResult       = 213;
 
     // 400 series - The command was accepted but the requested action
     // did not take place.
diff --git a/VolumeManager.cpp b/VolumeManager.cpp
index 1ffa939..9889653 100644
--- a/VolumeManager.cpp
+++ b/VolumeManager.cpp
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@
 
 #define MASS_STORAGE_FILE_PATH  "/sys/class/android_usb/android0/f_mass_storage/lun/file"
 
+#define ROUND_UP_POWER_OF_2(number, po2) (((!!(number & ((1U << po2) - 1))) << po2)\
+                                         + (number & (~((1U << po2) - 1))))
+
 VolumeManager *VolumeManager::sInstance = NULL;
 
 VolumeManager *VolumeManager::Instance() {
@@ -332,13 +335,17 @@
 
     /*
      * Add some headroom
+     * This is likely off by a bit, and we may want to do something different for ext4
      */
     unsigned fatSize = (((numSectors * 4) / 512) + 1) * 2;
     unsigned numImgSectors = numSectors + fatSize + 2;
-
-    if (numImgSectors % 63) {
-        numImgSectors += (63 - (numImgSectors % 63));
-    }
+    /*
+     * ext4 is aligned to 4kb. fat is aligned to 32kb. Sectors are 512b.
+     */
+    if (usingExt4)
+        numImgSectors = ROUND_UP_POWER_OF_2(numImgSectors, 3);
+    else
+        numImgSectors = ROUND_UP_POWER_OF_2(numImgSectors, 6);
 
     // Add +1 for our superblock which is at the end
     if (Loop::createImageFile(asecFileName, numImgSectors + 1)) {
@@ -433,7 +440,7 @@
         }
 
         if (usingExt4) {
-            formatStatus = Ext4::format(dmDevice, mountPoint);
+            formatStatus = Ext4::format(dmDevice, numImgSectors, mountPoint);
         } else {
             formatStatus = Fat::format(dmDevice, numImgSectors, 0);
         }
@@ -1708,20 +1715,20 @@
 }
 
 int VolumeManager::mkdirs(char* path) {
-    // Require that path lives under a volume we manage
+    // Require that path lives under a volume we manage and is mounted
     const char* emulated_source = getenv("EMULATED_STORAGE_SOURCE");
     const char* root = NULL;
     if (emulated_source && !strncmp(path, emulated_source, strlen(emulated_source))) {
         root = emulated_source;
     } else {
         Volume* vol = getVolumeForFile(path);
-        if (vol) {
+        if (vol && vol->getState() == Volume::State_Mounted) {
             root = vol->getMountpoint();
         }
     }
 
     if (!root) {
-        SLOGE("Failed to find volume for %s", path);
+        SLOGE("Failed to find mounted volume for %s", path);
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
diff --git a/Xwarp.cpp b/Xwarp.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 2973ff8..0000000
--- a/Xwarp.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-
-#define LOG_TAG "Vold"
-
-#include <cutils/log.h>
-
-#include "Xwarp.h"
-const char *Xwarp::XWARP_BACKINGFILE = "/mnt/secure/asec/xwarp.img";
-const char *Xwarp::XWARP_CFG = "/sys/fs/yaffs/mtd3/xwarp-backing-store";
-const char *Xwarp::XWARP_READY = "/sys/fs/yaffs/mtd3/xwarp-ready";
-const char *Xwarp::XWARP_MIRROR_STATUS = "/sys/fs/yaffs/mtd3/xwarp-mirror";
-
-int Xwarp::enable() {
-    return doEnableDisable(true);
-}
-
-int Xwarp::disable() {
-    return doEnableDisable(false);
-}
-
-int Xwarp::status(bool *ready, unsigned *mirrorPos, unsigned *maxSize) {
-    FILE *fp;
-
-    *ready = false;
-    *mirrorPos = 0;
-    *maxSize = 0;
-    if (!(fp = fopen(XWARP_READY, "r"))) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    fscanf(fp, "%d", (int *) ready);
-    fclose(fp);
-
-    if (!(fp = fopen(XWARP_MIRROR_STATUS, "r"))) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    fscanf(fp, "%u %u", mirrorPos, maxSize);
-    fclose(fp);
-    return 0;
-}
-
-int Xwarp::doEnableDisable(bool enable) {
-    const char *tmp;
-    int fd = open(XWARP_CFG, O_WRONLY);
-
-    if (fd < 0) 
-        return -1;
-
-    tmp = (enable ? XWARP_BACKINGFILE : "");
-
-    if (write(fd, tmp, strlen(tmp)+1) < 0) {
-        SLOGE("Failed to write xwarp cfg (%s)", strerror(errno));
-        close(fd);
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    close(fd);
-    return 0;
-}
diff --git a/Xwarp.h b/Xwarp.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 918a843..0000000
--- a/Xwarp.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef _XWARP_H
-#define _XWARP_H
-
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-class Xwarp {
-    static const char *XWARP_BACKINGFILE;
-    static const char *XWARP_CFG;
-    static const char *XWARP_READY;
-    static const char *XWARP_MIRROR_STATUS;
-
-public:
-    static int enable();
-    static int disable();
-    static int status(bool *ready, unsigned *mirrorPos, unsigned *maxSize);
-
-private:
-    static int doEnableDisable(bool enable);
-};
-
-#endif
diff --git a/cryptfs.c b/cryptfs.c
index e545919..8680698 100644
--- a/cryptfs.c
+++ b/cryptfs.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -34,7 +35,6 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <openssl/evp.h>
-#include <openssl/sha.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <ext4.h>
 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
@@ -49,11 +49,16 @@
 #include "VolumeManager.h"
 #include "VoldUtil.h"
 #include "crypto_scrypt.h"
+#include "ext4_utils.h"
+#include "CheckBattery.h"
+
+#include <hardware/keymaster.h>
+
+#define UNUSED __attribute__((unused))
 
 #define UNUSED __attribute__((unused))
 
 #define DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE 4096
-#define DATA_MNT_POINT "/data"
 
 #define HASH_COUNT 2000
 #define KEY_LEN_BYTES 16
@@ -61,11 +66,17 @@
 
 #define KEY_IN_FOOTER  "footer"
 
+// "default_password" encoded into hex (d=0x64 etc)
+#define DEFAULT_PASSWORD "64656661756c745f70617373776f7264"
+
 #define EXT4_FS 1
 #define FAT_FS 2
 
 #define TABLE_LOAD_RETRIES 10
 
+#define RSA_DEFAULT_KEY_SIZE 2048
+#define RSA_DEFAULT_EXPONENT 0x10001
+
 char *me = "cryptfs";
 
 static unsigned char saved_master_key[KEY_LEN_BYTES];
@@ -73,15 +84,173 @@
 static int  master_key_saved = 0;
 static struct crypt_persist_data *persist_data = NULL;
 
+static int keymaster_init(keymaster_device_t **keymaster_dev)
+{
+    int rc;
+
+    const hw_module_t* mod;
+    rc = hw_get_module_by_class(KEYSTORE_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, NULL, &mod);
+    if (rc) {
+        ALOGE("could not find any keystore module");
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    rc = keymaster_open(mod, keymaster_dev);
+    if (rc) {
+        ALOGE("could not open keymaster device in %s (%s)",
+            KEYSTORE_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, strerror(-rc));
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+
+out:
+    *keymaster_dev = NULL;
+    return rc;
+}
+
+/* Should we use keymaster? */
+static int keymaster_check_compatibility()
+{
+    keymaster_device_t *keymaster_dev = 0;
+    int rc = 0;
+
+    if (keymaster_init(&keymaster_dev)) {
+        SLOGE("Failed to init keymaster");
+        rc = -1;
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    SLOGI("keymaster version is %d", keymaster_dev->common.module->module_api_version);
+
+    if (keymaster_dev->common.module->module_api_version
+            < KEYMASTER_MODULE_API_VERSION_0_3) {
+        rc = 0;
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    if (keymaster_dev->flags & KEYMASTER_BLOBS_ARE_STANDALONE) {
+        rc = 1;
+    }
+
+out:
+    keymaster_close(keymaster_dev);
+    return rc;
+}
+
+/* Create a new keymaster key and store it in this footer */
+static int keymaster_create_key(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr)
+{
+    uint8_t* key = 0;
+    keymaster_device_t *keymaster_dev = 0;
+
+    if (keymaster_init(&keymaster_dev)) {
+        SLOGE("Failed to init keymaster");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    int rc = 0;
+
+    keymaster_rsa_keygen_params_t params;
+    memset(&params, '\0', sizeof(params));
+    params.public_exponent = RSA_DEFAULT_EXPONENT;
+    params.modulus_size = RSA_DEFAULT_KEY_SIZE;
+
+    size_t key_size;
+    if (keymaster_dev->generate_keypair(keymaster_dev, TYPE_RSA, &params,
+                                        &key, &key_size)) {
+        SLOGE("Failed to generate keypair");
+        rc = -1;
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    if (key_size > KEYMASTER_BLOB_SIZE) {
+        SLOGE("Keymaster key too large for crypto footer");
+        rc = -1;
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    memcpy(ftr->keymaster_blob, key, key_size);
+    ftr->keymaster_blob_size = key_size;
+
+out:
+    keymaster_close(keymaster_dev);
+    free(key);
+    return rc;
+}
+
+/* This signs the given object using the keymaster key */
+static int keymaster_sign_object(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr,
+                                 const unsigned char *object,
+                                 const size_t object_size,
+                                 unsigned char **signature,
+                                 size_t *signature_size)
+{
+    int rc = 0;
+    keymaster_device_t *keymaster_dev = 0;
+    if (keymaster_init(&keymaster_dev)) {
+        SLOGE("Failed to init keymaster");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /* We currently set the digest type to DIGEST_NONE because it's the
+     * only supported value for keymaster. A similar issue exists with
+     * PADDING_NONE. Long term both of these should likely change.
+     */
+    keymaster_rsa_sign_params_t params;
+    params.digest_type = DIGEST_NONE;
+    params.padding_type = PADDING_NONE;
+
+    rc = keymaster_dev->sign_data(keymaster_dev,
+                                  &params,
+                                  ftr->keymaster_blob,
+                                  ftr->keymaster_blob_size,
+                                  object,
+                                  object_size,
+                                  signature,
+                                  signature_size);
+
+    keymaster_close(keymaster_dev);
+    return rc;
+}
+
+/* Store password when userdata is successfully decrypted and mounted.
+ * Cleared by cryptfs_clear_password
+ *
+ * To avoid a double prompt at boot, we need to store the CryptKeeper
+ * password and pass it to KeyGuard, which uses it to unlock KeyStore.
+ * Since the entire framework is torn down and rebuilt after encryption,
+ * we have to use a daemon or similar to store the password. Since vold
+ * is secured against IPC except from system processes, it seems a reasonable
+ * place to store this.
+ *
+ * password should be cleared once it has been used.
+ *
+ * password is aged out after password_max_age_seconds seconds.
+ */
+static char* password = 0;
+static int password_expiry_time = 0;
+static const int password_max_age_seconds = 60;
+
 extern struct fstab *fstab;
 
-static void cryptfs_reboot(int recovery)
+enum RebootType {reboot, recovery, shutdown};
+static void cryptfs_reboot(enum RebootType rt)
 {
-    if (recovery) {
-        property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, "reboot,recovery");
-    } else {
-        property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, "reboot");
+  switch(rt) {
+      case reboot:
+          property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, "reboot");
+          break;
+
+      case recovery:
+          property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, "reboot,recovery");
+          break;
+
+      case shutdown:
+          property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, "shutdown");
+          break;
     }
+
     sleep(20);
 
     /* Shouldn't get here, reboot should happen before sleep times out */
@@ -351,7 +520,7 @@
         crypt_ftr->minor_version = 1;
     }
 
-    if ((crypt_ftr->major_version == 1) && (crypt_ftr->minor_version)) {
+    if ((crypt_ftr->major_version == 1) && (crypt_ftr->minor_version == 1)) {
         SLOGW("upgrading crypto footer to 1.2");
         /* But keep the old kdf_type.
          * It will get updated later to KDF_SCRYPT after the password has been verified.
@@ -361,6 +530,12 @@
         crypt_ftr->minor_version = 2;
     }
 
+    if ((crypt_ftr->major_version == 1) && (crypt_ftr->minor_version == 2)) {
+        SLOGW("upgrading crypto footer to 1.3");
+        crypt_ftr->crypt_type = CRYPT_TYPE_PASSWORD;
+        crypt_ftr->minor_version = 3;
+    }
+
     if ((orig_major != crypt_ftr->major_version) || (orig_minor != crypt_ftr->minor_version)) {
         if (lseek64(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
             SLOGE("Cannot seek to crypt footer\n");
@@ -498,7 +673,8 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    if ((crypt_ftr.major_version != 1) || (crypt_ftr.minor_version != 1)) {
+    if ((crypt_ftr.major_version < 1)
+        || (crypt_ftr.major_version == 1 && crypt_ftr.minor_version < 1)) {
         SLOGE("Crypt_ftr version doesn't support persistent data");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -579,7 +755,8 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    if ((crypt_ftr.major_version != 1) || (crypt_ftr.minor_version != 1)) {
+    if ((crypt_ftr.major_version < 1)
+        || (crypt_ftr.major_version == 1 && crypt_ftr.minor_version < 1)) {
         SLOGE("Crypt_ftr version doesn't support persistent data");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -663,10 +840,53 @@
     return -1;
 }
 
+static int hexdigit (char c)
+{
+    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return c - '0';
+    c = tolower(c);
+    if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') return c - 'a' + 10;
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static unsigned char* convert_hex_ascii_to_key(const char* master_key_ascii,
+                                               unsigned int* out_keysize)
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+    *out_keysize = 0;
+
+    size_t size = strlen (master_key_ascii);
+    if (size % 2) {
+        SLOGE("Trying to convert ascii string of odd length");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    unsigned char* master_key = (unsigned char*) malloc(size / 2);
+    if (master_key == 0) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot allocate");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < size; i += 2) {
+        int high_nibble = hexdigit (master_key_ascii[i]);
+        int low_nibble = hexdigit (master_key_ascii[i + 1]);
+
+        if(high_nibble < 0 || low_nibble < 0) {
+            SLOGE("Invalid hex string");
+            free (master_key);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+
+        master_key[*out_keysize] = high_nibble * 16 + low_nibble;
+        (*out_keysize)++;
+    }
+
+    return master_key;
+}
+
 /* Convert a binary key of specified length into an ascii hex string equivalent,
  * without the leading 0x and with null termination
  */
-void convert_key_to_hex_ascii(unsigned char *master_key, unsigned int keysize,
+static void convert_key_to_hex_ascii(unsigned char *master_key, unsigned int keysize,
                               char *master_key_ascii)
 {
   unsigned int i, a;
@@ -870,13 +1090,28 @@
 
 }
 
-static void pbkdf2(char *passwd, unsigned char *salt, unsigned char *ikey, void *params UNUSED) {
+static int pbkdf2(const char *passwd, const unsigned char *salt,
+                  unsigned char *ikey, void *params UNUSED)
+{
+    SLOGI("Using pbkdf2 for cryptfs KDF");
+
     /* Turn the password into a key and IV that can decrypt the master key */
-    PKCS5_PBKDF2_HMAC_SHA1(passwd, strlen(passwd), salt, SALT_LEN,
+    unsigned int keysize;
+    char* master_key = (char*)convert_hex_ascii_to_key(passwd, &keysize);
+    if (!master_key) return -1;
+    PKCS5_PBKDF2_HMAC_SHA1(master_key, keysize, salt, SALT_LEN,
                            HASH_COUNT, KEY_LEN_BYTES+IV_LEN_BYTES, ikey);
+
+    memset(master_key, 0, keysize);
+    free (master_key);
+    return 0;
 }
 
-static void scrypt(char *passwd, unsigned char *salt, unsigned char *ikey, void *params) {
+static int scrypt(const char *passwd, const unsigned char *salt,
+                  unsigned char *ikey, void *params)
+{
+    SLOGI("Using scrypt for cryptfs KDF");
+
     struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr = (struct crypt_mnt_ftr *) params;
 
     int N = 1 << ftr->N_factor;
@@ -884,12 +1119,68 @@
     int p = 1 << ftr->p_factor;
 
     /* Turn the password into a key and IV that can decrypt the master key */
-    crypto_scrypt((unsigned char *) passwd, strlen(passwd), salt, SALT_LEN, N, r, p, ikey,
+    unsigned int keysize;
+    unsigned char* master_key = convert_hex_ascii_to_key(passwd, &keysize);
+    if (!master_key) return -1;
+    crypto_scrypt(master_key, keysize, salt, SALT_LEN, N, r, p, ikey,
             KEY_LEN_BYTES + IV_LEN_BYTES);
+
+    memset(master_key, 0, keysize);
+    free (master_key);
+    return 0;
 }
 
-static int encrypt_master_key(char *passwd, unsigned char *salt,
-                              unsigned char *decrypted_master_key,
+static int scrypt_keymaster(const char *passwd, const unsigned char *salt,
+                            unsigned char *ikey, void *params)
+{
+    SLOGI("Using scrypt with keymaster for cryptfs KDF");
+
+    int rc;
+    unsigned int key_size;
+    size_t signature_size;
+    unsigned char* signature;
+    struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr = (struct crypt_mnt_ftr *) params;
+
+    int N = 1 << ftr->N_factor;
+    int r = 1 << ftr->r_factor;
+    int p = 1 << ftr->p_factor;
+
+    unsigned char* master_key = convert_hex_ascii_to_key(passwd, &key_size);
+    if (!master_key) {
+        SLOGE("Failed to convert passwd from hex");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    rc = crypto_scrypt(master_key, key_size, salt, SALT_LEN,
+                       N, r, p, ikey, KEY_LEN_BYTES + IV_LEN_BYTES);
+    memset(master_key, 0, key_size);
+    free(master_key);
+
+    if (rc) {
+        SLOGE("scrypt failed");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (keymaster_sign_object(ftr, ikey, KEY_LEN_BYTES + IV_LEN_BYTES,
+                 &signature, &signature_size)) {
+        SLOGE("Signing failed");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    rc = crypto_scrypt(signature, signature_size, salt, SALT_LEN,
+                       N, r, p, ikey, KEY_LEN_BYTES + IV_LEN_BYTES);
+    free(signature);
+
+    if (rc) {
+        SLOGE("scrypt failed");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int encrypt_master_key(const char *passwd, const unsigned char *salt,
+                              const unsigned char *decrypted_master_key,
                               unsigned char *encrypted_master_key,
                               struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr)
 {
@@ -899,7 +1190,31 @@
 
     /* Turn the password into a key and IV that can decrypt the master key */
     get_device_scrypt_params(crypt_ftr);
-    scrypt(passwd, salt, ikey, crypt_ftr);
+
+    switch (crypt_ftr->kdf_type) {
+    case KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER:
+        if (keymaster_create_key(crypt_ftr)) {
+            SLOGE("keymaster_create_key failed");
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        if (scrypt_keymaster(passwd, salt, ikey, crypt_ftr)) {
+            SLOGE("scrypt failed");
+            return -1;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case KDF_SCRYPT:
+        if (scrypt(passwd, salt, ikey, crypt_ftr)) {
+            SLOGE("scrypt failed");
+            return -1;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        SLOGE("Invalid kdf_type");
+        return -1;
+    }
 
     /* Initialize the decryption engine */
     if (! EVP_EncryptInit(&e_ctx, EVP_aes_128_cbc(), ikey, ikey+KEY_LEN_BYTES)) {
@@ -922,9 +1237,9 @@
     if (encrypted_len + final_len != KEY_LEN_BYTES) {
         SLOGE("EVP_Encryption length check failed with %d, %d bytes\n", encrypted_len, final_len);
         return -1;
-    } else {
-        return 0;
     }
+
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static int decrypt_master_key_aux(char *passwd, unsigned char *salt,
@@ -937,7 +1252,10 @@
   int decrypted_len, final_len;
 
   /* Turn the password into a key and IV that can decrypt the master key */
-  kdf(passwd, salt, ikey, kdf_params);
+  if (kdf(passwd, salt, ikey, kdf_params)) {
+    SLOGE("kdf failed");
+    return -1;
+  }
 
   /* Initialize the decryption engine */
   if (! EVP_DecryptInit(&d_ctx, EVP_aes_128_cbc(), ikey, ikey+KEY_LEN_BYTES)) {
@@ -962,7 +1280,10 @@
 
 static void get_kdf_func(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr, kdf_func *kdf, void** kdf_params)
 {
-    if (ftr->kdf_type == KDF_SCRYPT) {
+    if (ftr->kdf_type == KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER) {
+        *kdf = scrypt_keymaster;
+        *kdf_params = ftr;
+    } else if (ftr->kdf_type == KDF_SCRYPT) {
         *kdf = scrypt;
         *kdf_params = ftr;
     } else {
@@ -1068,7 +1389,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-int cryptfs_restart(void)
+static int cryptfs_restart_internal(int restart_main)
 {
     char fs_type[32];
     char real_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
@@ -1090,32 +1411,34 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    /* Here is where we shut down the framework.  The init scripts
-     * start all services in one of three classes: core, main or late_start.
-     * On boot, we start core and main.  Now, we stop main, but not core,
-     * as core includes vold and a few other really important things that
-     * we need to keep running.  Once main has stopped, we should be able
-     * to umount the tmpfs /data, then mount the encrypted /data.
-     * We then restart the class main, and also the class late_start.
-     * At the moment, I've only put a few things in late_start that I know
-     * are not needed to bring up the framework, and that also cause problems
-     * with unmounting the tmpfs /data, but I hope to add add more services
-     * to the late_start class as we optimize this to decrease the delay
-     * till the user is asked for the password to the filesystem.
-     */
+    if (restart_main) {
+        /* Here is where we shut down the framework.  The init scripts
+         * start all services in one of three classes: core, main or late_start.
+         * On boot, we start core and main.  Now, we stop main, but not core,
+         * as core includes vold and a few other really important things that
+         * we need to keep running.  Once main has stopped, we should be able
+         * to umount the tmpfs /data, then mount the encrypted /data.
+         * We then restart the class main, and also the class late_start.
+         * At the moment, I've only put a few things in late_start that I know
+         * are not needed to bring up the framework, and that also cause problems
+         * with unmounting the tmpfs /data, but I hope to add add more services
+         * to the late_start class as we optimize this to decrease the delay
+         * till the user is asked for the password to the filesystem.
+         */
 
-    /* The init files are setup to stop the class main when vold.decrypt is
-     * set to trigger_reset_main.
-     */
-    property_set("vold.decrypt", "trigger_reset_main");
-    SLOGD("Just asked init to shut down class main\n");
+        /* The init files are setup to stop the class main when vold.decrypt is
+         * set to trigger_reset_main.
+         */
+        property_set("vold.decrypt", "trigger_reset_main");
+        SLOGD("Just asked init to shut down class main\n");
 
-    /* Ugh, shutting down the framework is not synchronous, so until it
-     * can be fixed, this horrible hack will wait a moment for it all to
-     * shut down before proceeding.  Without it, some devices cannot
-     * restart the graphics services.
-     */
-    sleep(2);
+        /* Ugh, shutting down the framework is not synchronous, so until it
+         * can be fixed, this horrible hack will wait a moment for it all to
+         * shut down before proceeding.  Without it, some devices cannot
+         * restart the graphics services.
+         */
+        sleep(2);
+    }
 
     /* Now that the framework is shutdown, we should be able to umount()
      * the tmpfs filesystem, and mount the real one.
@@ -1128,6 +1451,17 @@
     }
 
     if (! (rc = wait_and_unmount(DATA_MNT_POINT)) ) {
+        /* If ro.crypto.readonly is set to 1, mount the decrypted
+         * filesystem readonly.  This is used when /data is mounted by
+         * recovery mode.
+         */
+        char ro_prop[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+        property_get("ro.crypto.readonly", ro_prop, "");
+        if (strlen(ro_prop) > 0 && atoi(ro_prop)) {
+            struct fstab_rec* rec = fs_mgr_get_entry_for_mount_point(fstab, DATA_MNT_POINT);
+            rec->flags |= MS_RDONLY;
+        }
+        
         /* If that succeeded, then mount the decrypted filesystem */
         fs_mgr_do_mount(fstab, DATA_MNT_POINT, crypto_blkdev, 0);
 
@@ -1152,6 +1486,12 @@
     return rc;
 }
 
+int cryptfs_restart(void)
+{
+    /* Call internal implementation forcing a restart of main service group */
+    return cryptfs_restart_internal(1);
+}
+
 static int do_crypto_complete(char *mount_point UNUSED)
 {
   struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
@@ -1193,45 +1533,35 @@
   return 0;
 }
 
-static int test_mount_encrypted_fs(char *passwd, char *mount_point, char *label)
+static int test_mount_encrypted_fs(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr,
+                                   char *passwd, char *mount_point, char *label)
 {
-  struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
   /* Allocate enough space for a 256 bit key, but we may use less */
   unsigned char decrypted_master_key[32];
   char crypto_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
   char real_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
   char tmp_mount_point[64];
   unsigned int orig_failed_decrypt_count;
-  char encrypted_state[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
   int rc;
   kdf_func kdf;
   void *kdf_params;
+  int use_keymaster = 0;
+  int upgrade = 0;
 
-  property_get("ro.crypto.state", encrypted_state, "");
-  if ( master_key_saved || strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted") ) {
-    SLOGE("encrypted fs already validated or not running with encryption, aborting");
-    return -1;
-  }
+  SLOGD("crypt_ftr->fs_size = %lld\n", crypt_ftr->fs_size);
+  orig_failed_decrypt_count = crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count;
 
-  fs_mgr_get_crypt_info(fstab, 0, real_blkdev, sizeof(real_blkdev));
-
-  if (get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr)) {
-    SLOGE("Error getting crypt footer and key\n");
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  SLOGD("crypt_ftr->fs_size = %lld\n", crypt_ftr.fs_size);
-  orig_failed_decrypt_count = crypt_ftr.failed_decrypt_count;
-
-  if (! (crypt_ftr.flags & CRYPT_MNT_KEY_UNENCRYPTED) ) {
-    if (decrypt_master_key(passwd, decrypted_master_key, &crypt_ftr)) {
+  if (! (crypt_ftr->flags & CRYPT_MNT_KEY_UNENCRYPTED) ) {
+    if (decrypt_master_key(passwd, decrypted_master_key, crypt_ftr)) {
       SLOGE("Failed to decrypt master key\n");
       return -1;
     }
   }
 
-  if (create_crypto_blk_dev(&crypt_ftr, decrypted_master_key,
-                               real_blkdev, crypto_blkdev, label)) {
+  fs_mgr_get_crypt_info(fstab, 0, real_blkdev, sizeof(real_blkdev));
+
+  if (create_crypto_blk_dev(crypt_ftr, decrypted_master_key,
+                            real_blkdev, crypto_blkdev, label)) {
     SLOGE("Error creating decrypted block device\n");
     return -1;
   }
@@ -1248,22 +1578,22 @@
   if (fs_mgr_do_mount(fstab, DATA_MNT_POINT, crypto_blkdev, tmp_mount_point)) {
     SLOGE("Error temp mounting decrypted block device\n");
     delete_crypto_blk_dev(label);
-    crypt_ftr.failed_decrypt_count++;
+    crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count++;
   } else {
     /* Success, so just umount and we'll mount it properly when we restart
      * the framework.
      */
     umount(tmp_mount_point);
-    crypt_ftr.failed_decrypt_count  = 0;
+    crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count  = 0;
   }
 
-  if (orig_failed_decrypt_count != crypt_ftr.failed_decrypt_count) {
-    put_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr);
+  if (orig_failed_decrypt_count != crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count) {
+    put_crypt_ftr_and_key(crypt_ftr);
   }
 
-  if (crypt_ftr.failed_decrypt_count) {
+  if (crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count) {
     /* We failed to mount the device, so return an error */
-    rc = crypt_ftr.failed_decrypt_count;
+    rc = crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count;
 
   } else {
     /* Woot!  Success!  Save the name of the crypto block device
@@ -1279,15 +1609,26 @@
     master_key_saved = 1;
     SLOGD("%s(): Master key saved\n", __FUNCTION__);
     rc = 0;
+
     /*
      * Upgrade if we're not using the latest KDF.
      */
-    if (crypt_ftr.kdf_type != KDF_SCRYPT) {
-        crypt_ftr.kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT;
-        rc = encrypt_master_key(passwd, crypt_ftr.salt, saved_master_key, crypt_ftr.master_key,
-                &crypt_ftr);
+    use_keymaster = keymaster_check_compatibility();
+    if (crypt_ftr->kdf_type == KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER) {
+        // Don't allow downgrade to KDF_SCRYPT
+    } else if (use_keymaster == 1 && crypt_ftr->kdf_type != KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER) {
+        crypt_ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER;
+        upgrade = 1;
+    } else if (use_keymaster == 0 && crypt_ftr->kdf_type != KDF_SCRYPT) {
+        crypt_ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT;
+        upgrade = 1;
+    }
+
+    if (upgrade) {
+        rc = encrypt_master_key(passwd, crypt_ftr->salt, saved_master_key,
+                                crypt_ftr->master_key, crypt_ftr);
         if (!rc) {
-            rc = put_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr);
+            rc = put_crypt_ftr_and_key(crypt_ftr);
         }
         SLOGD("Key Derivation Function upgrade: rc=%d\n", rc);
     }
@@ -1351,11 +1692,43 @@
   return do_crypto_complete("/data");
 }
 
+int check_unmounted_and_get_ftr(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr)
+{
+    char encrypted_state[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+    property_get("ro.crypto.state", encrypted_state, "");
+    if ( master_key_saved || strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted") ) {
+        SLOGE("encrypted fs already validated or not running with encryption,"
+              " aborting");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (get_crypt_ftr_and_key(crypt_ftr)) {
+        SLOGE("Error getting crypt footer and key");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
 int cryptfs_check_passwd(char *passwd)
 {
-    int rc = -1;
+    struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
+    int rc;
 
-    rc = test_mount_encrypted_fs(passwd, DATA_MNT_POINT, "userdata");
+    rc = check_unmounted_and_get_ftr(&crypt_ftr);
+    if (rc)
+        return rc;
+
+    rc = test_mount_encrypted_fs(&crypt_ftr, passwd,
+                                 DATA_MNT_POINT, "userdata");
+
+    if (rc == 0 && crypt_ftr.crypt_type != CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT) {
+        cryptfs_clear_password();
+        password = strdup(passwd);
+        struct timespec now;
+        clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &now);
+        password_expiry_time = now.tv_sec + password_max_age_seconds;
+    }
 
     return rc;
 }
@@ -1412,7 +1785,7 @@
  * Presumably, at a minimum, the caller will update the
  * filesystem size and crypto_type_name after calling this function.
  */
-static void cryptfs_init_crypt_mnt_ftr(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr)
+static int cryptfs_init_crypt_mnt_ftr(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr)
 {
     off64_t off;
 
@@ -1423,7 +1796,20 @@
     ftr->ftr_size = sizeof(struct crypt_mnt_ftr);
     ftr->keysize = KEY_LEN_BYTES;
 
-    ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT;
+    switch (keymaster_check_compatibility()) {
+    case 1:
+        ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER;
+        break;
+
+    case 0:
+        ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT;
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        SLOGE("keymaster_check_compatibility failed");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
     get_device_scrypt_params(ftr);
 
     ftr->persist_data_size = CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE;
@@ -1432,6 +1818,8 @@
         ftr->persist_data_offset[1] = off + CRYPT_FOOTER_TO_PERSIST_OFFSET +
                                     ftr->persist_data_size;
     }
+
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static int cryptfs_enable_wipe(char *crypto_blkdev, off64_t size, int type)
@@ -1497,9 +1885,269 @@
 }
 
 #define CRYPT_INPLACE_BUFSIZE 4096
-#define CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE (CRYPT_INPLACE_BUFSIZE / 512)
-static int cryptfs_enable_inplace(char *crypto_blkdev, char *real_blkdev, off64_t size,
-                                  off64_t *size_already_done, off64_t tot_size)
+#define CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE (CRYPT_INPLACE_BUFSIZE / CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE)
+#define CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE 512
+
+/* aligned 32K writes tends to make flash happy.
+ * SD card association recommends it.
+ */
+#define BLOCKS_AT_A_TIME 8
+
+struct encryptGroupsData
+{
+    int realfd;
+    int cryptofd;
+    off64_t numblocks;
+    off64_t one_pct, cur_pct, new_pct;
+    off64_t blocks_already_done, tot_numblocks;
+    off64_t used_blocks_already_done, tot_used_blocks;
+    char* real_blkdev, * crypto_blkdev;
+    int count;
+    off64_t offset;
+    char* buffer;
+    off64_t last_written_sector;
+    int completed;
+    time_t time_started;
+    int remaining_time;
+};
+
+static void update_progress(struct encryptGroupsData* data, int is_used)
+{
+    data->blocks_already_done++;
+
+    if (is_used) {
+        data->used_blocks_already_done++;
+    }
+
+    if (data->tot_used_blocks) {
+        data->new_pct = data->used_blocks_already_done / data->one_pct;
+    } else {
+        data->new_pct = data->blocks_already_done / data->one_pct;
+    }
+
+    if (data->new_pct > data->cur_pct) {
+        char buf[8];
+        data->cur_pct = data->new_pct;
+        snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lld", data->cur_pct);
+        property_set("vold.encrypt_progress", buf);
+        SLOGI("Encrypted %lld percent of drive", data->cur_pct);
+    }
+
+    if (data->cur_pct >= 5) {
+        double elapsed_time = difftime(time(NULL), data->time_started);
+        off64_t remaining_blocks = data->tot_used_blocks
+                                   - data->used_blocks_already_done;
+        int remaining_time = (int)(elapsed_time * remaining_blocks
+                                   / data->used_blocks_already_done);
+        if (data->remaining_time == -1
+            || remaining_time < data->remaining_time) {
+            char buf[8];
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", remaining_time);
+            property_set("vold.encrypt_time_remaining", buf);
+
+            SLOGI("Encrypted %lld percent of drive, %d seconds to go",
+                  data->cur_pct, remaining_time);
+            data->remaining_time = remaining_time;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static int flush_outstanding_data(struct encryptGroupsData* data)
+{
+    if (data->count == 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    SLOGV("Copying %d blocks at offset %llx", data->count, data->offset);
+
+    if (pread64(data->realfd, data->buffer,
+                info.block_size * data->count, data->offset)
+        <= 0) {
+        SLOGE("Error reading real_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt",
+              data->real_blkdev);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (pwrite64(data->cryptofd, data->buffer,
+                 info.block_size * data->count, data->offset)
+        <= 0) {
+        SLOGE("Error writing crypto_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt",
+              data->crypto_blkdev);
+        return -1;
+    } else {
+        SLOGI("Encrypted %d blocks at sector %lld",
+              data->count, data->offset / info.block_size * CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE);
+    }
+
+    data->count = 0;
+    data->last_written_sector = (data->offset + data->count)
+                                / info.block_size * CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE - 1;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int encrypt_groups(struct encryptGroupsData* data)
+{
+    unsigned int i;
+    u8 *block_bitmap = 0;
+    unsigned int block;
+    off64_t ret;
+    int rc = -1;
+
+    data->buffer = malloc(info.block_size * BLOCKS_AT_A_TIME);
+    if (!data->buffer) {
+        SLOGE("Failed to allocate crypto buffer");
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
+    block_bitmap = malloc(info.block_size);
+    if (!block_bitmap) {
+        SLOGE("failed to allocate block bitmap");
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < aux_info.groups; ++i) {
+        SLOGI("Encrypting group %d", i);
+
+        u32 first_block = aux_info.first_data_block + i * info.blocks_per_group;
+        u32 block_count = min(info.blocks_per_group,
+                             aux_info.len_blocks - first_block);
+
+        off64_t offset = (u64)info.block_size
+                         * aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_block_bitmap;
+
+        ret = pread64(data->realfd, block_bitmap, info.block_size, offset);
+        if (ret != (int)info.block_size) {
+            SLOGE("failed to read all of block group bitmap %d", i);
+            goto errout;
+        }
+
+        offset = (u64)info.block_size * first_block;
+
+        data->count = 0;
+
+        for (block = 0; block < block_count; block++) {
+            int used = bitmap_get_bit(block_bitmap, block);
+            update_progress(data, used);
+            if (used) {
+                if (data->count == 0) {
+                    data->offset = offset;
+                }
+                data->count++;
+            } else {
+                if (flush_outstanding_data(data)) {
+                    goto errout;
+                }
+            }
+
+            offset += info.block_size;
+
+            /* Write data if we are aligned or buffer size reached */
+            if (offset % (info.block_size * BLOCKS_AT_A_TIME) == 0
+                || data->count == BLOCKS_AT_A_TIME) {
+                if (flush_outstanding_data(data)) {
+                    goto errout;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (!is_battery_ok()) {
+                SLOGE("Stopping encryption due to low battery");
+                rc = 0;
+                goto errout;
+            }
+
+        }
+        if (flush_outstanding_data(data)) {
+            goto errout;
+        }
+    }
+
+    data->completed = 1;
+    rc = 0;
+
+errout:
+    free(data->buffer);
+    free(block_bitmap);
+    return rc;
+}
+
+static int cryptfs_enable_inplace_ext4(char *crypto_blkdev,
+                                       char *real_blkdev,
+                                       off64_t size,
+                                       off64_t *size_already_done,
+                                       off64_t tot_size,
+                                       off64_t previously_encrypted_upto)
+{
+    u32 i;
+    struct encryptGroupsData data;
+    int rc = -1;
+
+    if (previously_encrypted_upto > *size_already_done) {
+        SLOGD("Not fast encrypting since resuming part way through");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
+    data.real_blkdev = real_blkdev;
+    data.crypto_blkdev = crypto_blkdev;
+
+    if ( (data.realfd = open(real_blkdev, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
+        SLOGE("Error opening real_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt\n",
+              real_blkdev);
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
+    if ( (data.cryptofd = open(crypto_blkdev, O_WRONLY)) < 0) {
+        SLOGE("Error opening crypto_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt\n",
+              crypto_blkdev);
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
+    if (setjmp(setjmp_env)) {
+        SLOGE("Reading extent caused an exception");
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
+    if (read_ext(data.realfd, 0) != 0) {
+        SLOGE("Failed to read extent");
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
+    data.numblocks = size / CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE;
+    data.tot_numblocks = tot_size / CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE;
+    data.blocks_already_done = *size_already_done / CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE;
+
+    SLOGI("Encrypting filesystem in place...");
+
+    data.tot_used_blocks = data.numblocks;
+    for (i = 0; i < aux_info.groups; ++i) {
+      data.tot_used_blocks -= aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_free_blocks_count;
+    }
+
+    data.one_pct = data.tot_used_blocks / 100;
+    data.cur_pct = 0;
+    data.time_started = time(NULL);
+    data.remaining_time = -1;
+
+    rc = encrypt_groups(&data);
+    if (rc) {
+        SLOGE("Error encrypting groups");
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
+    *size_already_done += data.completed ? size : data.last_written_sector;
+    rc = 0;
+
+errout:
+    close(data.realfd);
+    close(data.cryptofd);
+
+    return rc;
+}
+
+static int cryptfs_enable_inplace_full(char *crypto_blkdev, char *real_blkdev,
+                                       off64_t size, off64_t *size_already_done,
+                                       off64_t tot_size,
+                                       off64_t previously_encrypted_upto)
 {
     int realfd, cryptofd;
     char *buf[CRYPT_INPLACE_BUFSIZE];
@@ -1531,10 +2179,37 @@
 
     SLOGE("Encrypting filesystem in place...");
 
+    i = previously_encrypted_upto + 1 - *size_already_done;
+
+    if (lseek64(realfd, i * CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot seek to previously encrypted point on %s", real_blkdev);
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
+    if (lseek64(cryptofd, i * CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot seek to previously encrypted point on %s", crypto_blkdev);
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
+    for (;i < size && i % CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE != 0; ++i) {
+        if (unix_read(realfd, buf, CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE) <= 0) {
+            SLOGE("Error reading initial sectors from real_blkdev %s for "
+                  "inplace encrypt\n", crypto_blkdev);
+            goto errout;
+        }
+        if (unix_write(cryptofd, buf, CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE) <= 0) {
+            SLOGE("Error writing initial sectors to crypto_blkdev %s for "
+                  "inplace encrypt\n", crypto_blkdev);
+            goto errout;
+        } else {
+            SLOGI("Encrypted 1 block at %lld", i);
+        }
+    }
+
     one_pct = tot_numblocks / 100;
     cur_pct = 0;
     /* process the majority of the filesystem in blocks */
-    for (i=0; i<numblocks; i++) {
+    for (i/=CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE; i<numblocks; i++) {
         new_pct = (i + blocks_already_done) / one_pct;
         if (new_pct > cur_pct) {
             char buf[8];
@@ -1544,24 +2219,37 @@
             property_set("vold.encrypt_progress", buf);
         }
         if (unix_read(realfd, buf, CRYPT_INPLACE_BUFSIZE) <= 0) {
-            SLOGE("Error reading real_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt\n", crypto_blkdev);
+            SLOGE("Error reading real_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt", crypto_blkdev);
             goto errout;
         }
         if (unix_write(cryptofd, buf, CRYPT_INPLACE_BUFSIZE) <= 0) {
-            SLOGE("Error writing crypto_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt\n", crypto_blkdev);
+            SLOGE("Error writing crypto_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt", crypto_blkdev);
+            goto errout;
+        } else {
+            SLOGD("Encrypted %d block at %lld",
+                  CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE,
+                  i * CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE);
+        }
+
+       if (!is_battery_ok()) {
+            SLOGE("Stopping encryption due to low battery");
+            *size_already_done += (i + 1) * CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE - 1;
+            rc = 0;
             goto errout;
         }
     }
 
     /* Do any remaining sectors */
     for (i=0; i<remainder; i++) {
-        if (unix_read(realfd, buf, 512) <= 0) {
-            SLOGE("Error reading rival sectors from real_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt\n", crypto_blkdev);
+        if (unix_read(realfd, buf, CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE) <= 0) {
+            SLOGE("Error reading final sectors from real_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt", crypto_blkdev);
             goto errout;
         }
-        if (unix_write(cryptofd, buf, 512) <= 0) {
-            SLOGE("Error writing final sectors to crypto_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt\n", crypto_blkdev);
+        if (unix_write(cryptofd, buf, CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE) <= 0) {
+            SLOGE("Error writing final sectors to crypto_blkdev %s for inplace encrypt", crypto_blkdev);
             goto errout;
+        } else {
+            SLOGI("Encrypted 1 block at next location");
         }
     }
 
@@ -1575,6 +2263,31 @@
     return rc;
 }
 
+static int cryptfs_enable_inplace(char *crypto_blkdev, char *real_blkdev,
+                                  off64_t size, off64_t *size_already_done,
+                                  off64_t tot_size,
+                                  off64_t previously_encrypted_upto)
+{
+    if (previously_encrypted_upto) {
+        SLOGD("Continuing encryption from %lld", previously_encrypted_upto);
+    }
+
+    if (*size_already_done + size < previously_encrypted_upto) {
+        *size_already_done += size;
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (cryptfs_enable_inplace_ext4(crypto_blkdev, real_blkdev,
+                                    size, size_already_done,
+                                    tot_size, previously_encrypted_upto) == 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    return cryptfs_enable_inplace_full(crypto_blkdev, real_blkdev,
+                                       size, size_already_done, tot_size,
+                                       previously_encrypted_upto);
+}
+
 #define CRYPTO_ENABLE_WIPE 1
 #define CRYPTO_ENABLE_INPLACE 2
 
@@ -1582,37 +2295,95 @@
 
 static inline int should_encrypt(struct volume_info *volume)
 {
-    return (volume->flags & (VOL_ENCRYPTABLE | VOL_NONREMOVABLE)) == 
+    return (volume->flags & (VOL_ENCRYPTABLE | VOL_NONREMOVABLE)) ==
             (VOL_ENCRYPTABLE | VOL_NONREMOVABLE);
 }
 
-int cryptfs_enable(char *howarg, char *passwd)
+static int cryptfs_SHA256_fileblock(const char* filename, __le8* buf)
+{
+    int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+    if (fd == -1) {
+        SLOGE("Error opening file %s", filename);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    char block[CRYPT_INPLACE_BUFSIZE];
+    memset(block, 0, sizeof(block));
+    if (unix_read(fd, block, sizeof(block)) < 0) {
+        SLOGE("Error reading file %s", filename);
+        close(fd);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    close(fd);
+
+    SHA256_CTX c;
+    SHA256_Init(&c);
+    SHA256_Update(&c, block, sizeof(block));
+    SHA256_Final(buf, &c);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int cryptfs_enable_all_volumes(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr, int how,
+                                      char *crypto_blkdev, char *real_blkdev,
+                                      int previously_encrypted_upto)
+{
+    off64_t cur_encryption_done=0, tot_encryption_size=0;
+    int i, rc = -1;
+
+    if (!is_battery_ok()) {
+        SLOGE("Stopping encryption due to low battery");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* The size of the userdata partition, and add in the vold volumes below */
+    tot_encryption_size = crypt_ftr->fs_size;
+
+    if (how == CRYPTO_ENABLE_WIPE) {
+        rc = cryptfs_enable_wipe(crypto_blkdev, crypt_ftr->fs_size, EXT4_FS);
+    } else if (how == CRYPTO_ENABLE_INPLACE) {
+        rc = cryptfs_enable_inplace(crypto_blkdev, real_blkdev,
+                                    crypt_ftr->fs_size, &cur_encryption_done,
+                                    tot_encryption_size,
+                                    previously_encrypted_upto);
+
+        if (!rc && cur_encryption_done != (off64_t)crypt_ftr->fs_size) {
+            crypt_ftr->encrypted_upto = cur_encryption_done;
+        }
+
+        if (!rc && !crypt_ftr->encrypted_upto) {
+            /* The inplace routine never actually sets the progress to 100% due
+             * to the round down nature of integer division, so set it here */
+            property_set("vold.encrypt_progress", "100");
+        }
+    } else {
+        /* Shouldn't happen */
+        SLOGE("cryptfs_enable: internal error, unknown option\n");
+        rc = -1;
+    }
+
+    return rc;
+}
+
+int cryptfs_enable_internal(char *howarg, int crypt_type, char *passwd,
+                            int allow_reboot)
 {
     int how = 0;
-    char crypto_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN], real_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN], sd_crypto_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
+    char crypto_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN], real_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
     unsigned long nr_sec;
     unsigned char decrypted_master_key[KEY_LEN_BYTES];
     int rc=-1, fd, i, ret;
-    struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr, sd_crypt_ftr;;
+    struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
     struct crypt_persist_data *pdata;
-    char tmpfs_options[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
     char encrypted_state[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
     char lockid[32] = { 0 };
     char key_loc[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
     char fuse_sdcard[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
     char *sd_mnt_point;
-    char sd_blk_dev[256] = { 0 };
     int num_vols;
     struct volume_info *vol_list = 0;
-    off64_t cur_encryption_done=0, tot_encryption_size=0;
-
-    property_get("ro.crypto.state", encrypted_state, "");
-    if (strcmp(encrypted_state, "unencrypted")) {
-        SLOGE("Device is already running encrypted, aborting");
-        goto error_unencrypted;
-    }
-
-    fs_mgr_get_crypt_info(fstab, key_loc, 0, sizeof(key_loc));
+    off64_t previously_encrypted_upto = 0;
 
     if (!strcmp(howarg, "wipe")) {
       how = CRYPTO_ENABLE_WIPE;
@@ -1623,6 +2394,22 @@
       goto error_unencrypted;
     }
 
+    /* See if an encryption was underway and interrupted */
+    if (how == CRYPTO_ENABLE_INPLACE
+          && get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr) == 0
+          && (crypt_ftr.flags & CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS)) {
+        previously_encrypted_upto = crypt_ftr.encrypted_upto;
+        crypt_ftr.encrypted_upto = 0;
+    }
+
+    property_get("ro.crypto.state", encrypted_state, "");
+    if (!strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted") && !previously_encrypted_upto) {
+        SLOGE("Device is already running encrypted, aborting");
+        goto error_unencrypted;
+    }
+
+    // TODO refactor fs_mgr_get_crypt_info to get both in one call
+    fs_mgr_get_crypt_info(fstab, key_loc, 0, sizeof(key_loc));
     fs_mgr_get_crypt_info(fstab, 0, real_blkdev, sizeof(real_blkdev));
 
     /* Get the size of the real block device */
@@ -1638,7 +2425,7 @@
         unsigned int fs_size_sec, max_fs_size_sec;
 
         fs_size_sec = get_fs_size(real_blkdev);
-        max_fs_size_sec = nr_sec - (CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET / 512);
+        max_fs_size_sec = nr_sec - (CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET / CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE);
 
         if (fs_size_sec > max_fs_size_sec) {
             SLOGE("Orig filesystem overlaps crypto footer region.  Cannot encrypt in place.");
@@ -1662,26 +2449,19 @@
         sd_mnt_point = "/mnt/sdcard";
     }
 
+    /* TODO
+     * Currently do not have test devices with multiple encryptable volumes.
+     * When we acquire some, re-add support.
+     */
     num_vols=vold_getNumDirectVolumes();
     vol_list = malloc(sizeof(struct volume_info) * num_vols);
     vold_getDirectVolumeList(vol_list);
 
     for (i=0; i<num_vols; i++) {
         if (should_encrypt(&vol_list[i])) {
-            fd = open(vol_list[i].blk_dev, O_RDONLY);
-            if ( (vol_list[i].size = get_blkdev_size(fd)) == 0) {
-                SLOGE("Cannot get size of block device %s\n", vol_list[i].blk_dev);
-                goto error_unencrypted;
-            }
-            close(fd);
-
-            ret=vold_disableVol(vol_list[i].label);
-            if ((ret < 0) && (ret != UNMOUNT_NOT_MOUNTED_ERR)) {
-                /* -2 is returned when the device exists but is not currently mounted.
-                 * ignore the error and continue. */
-                SLOGE("Failed to unmount volume %s\n", vol_list[i].label);
-                goto error_unencrypted;
-            }
+            SLOGE("Cannot encrypt if there are multiple encryptable volumes"
+                  "%s\n", vol_list[i].label);
+            goto error_unencrypted;
         }
     }
 
@@ -1713,7 +2493,11 @@
 
     /* Now unmount the /data partition. */
     if (wait_and_unmount(DATA_MNT_POINT)) {
-        goto error_shutting_down;
+        if (allow_reboot) {
+            goto error_shutting_down;
+        } else {
+            goto error_unencrypted;
+        }
     }
 
     /* Do extra work for a better UX when doing the long inplace encryption */
@@ -1754,101 +2538,80 @@
 
     /* Start the actual work of making an encrypted filesystem */
     /* Initialize a crypt_mnt_ftr for the partition */
-    cryptfs_init_crypt_mnt_ftr(&crypt_ftr);
+    if (previously_encrypted_upto == 0) {
+        if (cryptfs_init_crypt_mnt_ftr(&crypt_ftr)) {
+            goto error_shutting_down;
+        }
 
-    if (!strcmp(key_loc, KEY_IN_FOOTER)) {
-        crypt_ftr.fs_size = nr_sec - (CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET / 512);
-    } else {
-        crypt_ftr.fs_size = nr_sec;
-    }
-    crypt_ftr.flags |= CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS;
-    strcpy((char *)crypt_ftr.crypto_type_name, "aes-cbc-essiv:sha256");
+        if (!strcmp(key_loc, KEY_IN_FOOTER)) {
+            crypt_ftr.fs_size = nr_sec
+              - (CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET / CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE);
+        } else {
+            crypt_ftr.fs_size = nr_sec;
+        }
+        crypt_ftr.flags |= CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS;
+        crypt_ftr.crypt_type = crypt_type;
+        strcpy((char *)crypt_ftr.crypto_type_name, "aes-cbc-essiv:sha256");
 
-    /* Make an encrypted master key */
-    if (create_encrypted_random_key(passwd, crypt_ftr.master_key, crypt_ftr.salt, &crypt_ftr)) {
-        SLOGE("Cannot create encrypted master key\n");
-        goto error_unencrypted;
-    }
+        /* Make an encrypted master key */
+        if (create_encrypted_random_key(passwd, crypt_ftr.master_key, crypt_ftr.salt, &crypt_ftr)) {
+            SLOGE("Cannot create encrypted master key\n");
+            goto error_shutting_down;
+        }
 
-    /* Write the key to the end of the partition */
-    put_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr);
+        /* Write the key to the end of the partition */
+        put_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr);
 
-    /* If any persistent data has been remembered, save it.
-     * If none, create a valid empty table and save that.
-     */
-    if (!persist_data) {
-       pdata = malloc(CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
-       if (pdata) {
-           init_empty_persist_data(pdata, CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
-           persist_data = pdata;
-       }
-    }
-    if (persist_data) {
-        save_persistent_data();
+        /* If any persistent data has been remembered, save it.
+         * If none, create a valid empty table and save that.
+         */
+        if (!persist_data) {
+           pdata = malloc(CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
+           if (pdata) {
+               init_empty_persist_data(pdata, CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
+               persist_data = pdata;
+           }
+        }
+        if (persist_data) {
+            save_persistent_data();
+        }
     }
 
     decrypt_master_key(passwd, decrypted_master_key, &crypt_ftr);
     create_crypto_blk_dev(&crypt_ftr, decrypted_master_key, real_blkdev, crypto_blkdev,
                           "userdata");
 
-    /* The size of the userdata partition, and add in the vold volumes below */
-    tot_encryption_size = crypt_ftr.fs_size;
+    /* If we are continuing, check checksums match */
+    rc = 0;
+    if (previously_encrypted_upto) {
+        __le8 hash_first_block[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
+        rc = cryptfs_SHA256_fileblock(crypto_blkdev, hash_first_block);
 
-    /* setup crypto mapping for all encryptable volumes handled by vold */
-    for (i=0; i<num_vols; i++) {
-        if (should_encrypt(&vol_list[i])) {
-            vol_list[i].crypt_ftr = crypt_ftr; /* gotta love struct assign */
-            vol_list[i].crypt_ftr.fs_size = vol_list[i].size;
-            create_crypto_blk_dev(&vol_list[i].crypt_ftr, decrypted_master_key,
-                                  vol_list[i].blk_dev, vol_list[i].crypto_blkdev,
-                                  vol_list[i].label);
-            tot_encryption_size += vol_list[i].size;
+        if (!rc && memcmp(hash_first_block, crypt_ftr.hash_first_block,
+                          sizeof(hash_first_block)) != 0) {
+            SLOGE("Checksums do not match - trigger wipe");
+            rc = -1;
         }
     }
 
-    if (how == CRYPTO_ENABLE_WIPE) {
-        rc = cryptfs_enable_wipe(crypto_blkdev, crypt_ftr.fs_size, EXT4_FS);
-        /* Encrypt all encryptable volumes handled by vold */
+    if (!rc) {
+        rc = cryptfs_enable_all_volumes(&crypt_ftr, how,
+                                        crypto_blkdev, real_blkdev,
+                                        previously_encrypted_upto);
+    }
+
+    /* Calculate checksum if we are not finished */
+    if (!rc && crypt_ftr.encrypted_upto) {
+        rc = cryptfs_SHA256_fileblock(crypto_blkdev,
+                                      crypt_ftr.hash_first_block);
         if (!rc) {
-            for (i=0; i<num_vols; i++) {
-                if (should_encrypt(&vol_list[i])) {
-                    rc = cryptfs_enable_wipe(vol_list[i].crypto_blkdev,
-                                             vol_list[i].crypt_ftr.fs_size, FAT_FS);
-                }
-            }
+            SLOGE("Error calculating checksum for continuing encryption");
+            rc = -1;
         }
-    } else if (how == CRYPTO_ENABLE_INPLACE) {
-        rc = cryptfs_enable_inplace(crypto_blkdev, real_blkdev, crypt_ftr.fs_size,
-                                    &cur_encryption_done, tot_encryption_size);
-        /* Encrypt all encryptable volumes handled by vold */
-        if (!rc) {
-            for (i=0; i<num_vols; i++) {
-                if (should_encrypt(&vol_list[i])) {
-                    rc = cryptfs_enable_inplace(vol_list[i].crypto_blkdev,
-                                                vol_list[i].blk_dev,
-                                                vol_list[i].crypt_ftr.fs_size,
-                                                &cur_encryption_done, tot_encryption_size);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        if (!rc) {
-            /* The inplace routine never actually sets the progress to 100%
-             * due to the round down nature of integer division, so set it here */
-            property_set("vold.encrypt_progress", "100");
-        }
-    } else {
-        /* Shouldn't happen */
-        SLOGE("cryptfs_enable: internal error, unknown option\n");
-        goto error_unencrypted;
     }
 
     /* Undo the dm-crypt mapping whether we succeed or not */
     delete_crypto_blk_dev("userdata");
-    for (i=0; i<num_vols; i++) {
-        if (should_encrypt(&vol_list[i])) {
-            delete_crypto_blk_dev(vol_list[i].label);
-        }
-    }
 
     free(vol_list);
 
@@ -1856,11 +2619,22 @@
         /* Success */
 
         /* Clear the encryption in progres flag in the footer */
-        crypt_ftr.flags &= ~CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS;
+        if (!crypt_ftr.encrypted_upto) {
+            crypt_ftr.flags &= ~CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS;
+        } else {
+            SLOGD("Encrypted up to sector %lld - will continue after reboot",
+                  crypt_ftr.encrypted_upto);
+        }
         put_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr);
 
         sleep(2); /* Give the UI a chance to show 100% progress */
-        cryptfs_reboot(0);
+                  /* Partially encrypted - ensure writes are flushed to ssd */
+
+        if (!crypt_ftr.encrypted_upto) {
+            cryptfs_reboot(reboot);
+        } else {
+            cryptfs_reboot(shutdown);
+        }
     } else {
         char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
 
@@ -1876,7 +2650,7 @@
             } else {
                 SLOGE("could not open /cache/recovery/command\n");
             }
-            cryptfs_reboot(1);
+            cryptfs_reboot(recovery);
         } else {
             /* set property to trigger dialog */
             property_set("vold.encrypt_progress", "error_partially_encrypted");
@@ -1907,7 +2681,7 @@
      * vold to restart the system.
      */
     SLOGE("Error enabling encryption after framework is shutdown, no data changed, restarting system");
-    cryptfs_reboot(0);
+    cryptfs_reboot(reboot);
 
     /* shouldn't get here */
     property_set("vold.encrypt_progress", "error_shutting_down");
@@ -1918,24 +2692,47 @@
     return -1;
 }
 
-int cryptfs_changepw(char *newpw)
+int cryptfs_enable(char *howarg, int type, char *passwd, int allow_reboot)
+{
+    return cryptfs_enable_internal(howarg, type, passwd, allow_reboot);
+}
+
+int cryptfs_enable_default(char *howarg, int allow_reboot)
+{
+    return cryptfs_enable_internal(howarg, CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT,
+                          DEFAULT_PASSWORD, allow_reboot);
+}
+
+int cryptfs_changepw(int crypt_type, const char *newpw)
 {
     struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
     unsigned char decrypted_master_key[KEY_LEN_BYTES];
 
     /* This is only allowed after we've successfully decrypted the master key */
-    if (! master_key_saved) {
+    if (!master_key_saved) {
         SLOGE("Key not saved, aborting");
         return -1;
     }
 
+    if (crypt_type < 0 || crypt_type > CRYPT_TYPE_MAX_TYPE) {
+        SLOGE("Invalid crypt_type %d", crypt_type);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
     /* get key */
     if (get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr)) {
-      SLOGE("Error getting crypt footer and key");
-      return -1;
+        SLOGE("Error getting crypt footer and key");
+        return -1;
     }
 
-    encrypt_master_key(newpw, crypt_ftr.salt, saved_master_key, crypt_ftr.master_key, &crypt_ftr);
+    crypt_ftr.crypt_type = crypt_type;
+
+    encrypt_master_key(crypt_type == CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT ? DEFAULT_PASSWORD
+                                                        : newpw,
+                       crypt_ftr.salt,
+                       saved_master_key,
+                       crypt_ftr.master_key,
+                       &crypt_ftr);
 
     /* save the key */
     put_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr);
@@ -2082,3 +2879,75 @@
 out:
     return rc;
 }
+
+/* Checks userdata. Attempt to mount the volume if default-
+ * encrypted.
+ * On success trigger next init phase and return 0.
+ * Currently do not handle failure - see TODO below.
+ */
+int cryptfs_mount_default_encrypted(void)
+{
+    char decrypt_state[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+    property_get("vold.decrypt", decrypt_state, "0");
+    if (!strcmp(decrypt_state, "0")) {
+        SLOGE("Not encrypted - should not call here");
+    } else {
+        int crypt_type = cryptfs_get_password_type();
+        if (crypt_type < 0 || crypt_type > CRYPT_TYPE_MAX_TYPE) {
+            SLOGE("Bad crypt type - error");
+        } else if (crypt_type != CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT) {
+            SLOGD("Password is not default - "
+                  "starting min framework to prompt");
+            property_set("vold.decrypt", "trigger_restart_min_framework");
+            return 0;
+        } else if (cryptfs_check_passwd(DEFAULT_PASSWORD) == 0) {
+            SLOGD("Password is default - restarting filesystem");
+            cryptfs_restart_internal(0);
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            SLOGE("Encrypted, default crypt type but can't decrypt");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** @TODO make sure we factory wipe in this situation
+     *  In general if we got here there is no recovery
+     */
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* Returns type of the password, default, pattern, pin or password.
+ */
+int cryptfs_get_password_type(void)
+{
+    struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
+
+    if (get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr)) {
+        SLOGE("Error getting crypt footer and key\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return crypt_ftr.crypt_type;
+}
+
+char* cryptfs_get_password()
+{
+    struct timespec now;
+    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
+    if (now.tv_sec < password_expiry_time) {
+        return password;
+    } else {
+        cryptfs_clear_password();
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+void cryptfs_clear_password()
+{
+    if (password) {
+        size_t len = strlen(password);
+        memset(password, 0, len);
+        free(password);
+        password = 0;
+        password_expiry_time = 0;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/cryptfs.h b/cryptfs.h
index bd44dfa..ea72c9e 100644
--- a/cryptfs.h
+++ b/cryptfs.h
@@ -27,10 +27,11 @@
  */
 
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
+#include <openssl/sha.h>
 
 /* The current cryptfs version */
 #define CURRENT_MAJOR_VERSION 1
-#define CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION 2
+#define CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION 3
 
 #define CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET 0x4000
 #define CRYPT_FOOTER_TO_PERSIST_OFFSET 0x1000
@@ -46,6 +47,16 @@
 #define CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS 0x2 /* Set when starting encryption,
                                           * clear when done before rebooting */
 
+/* Allowed values for type in the structure below */
+#define CRYPT_TYPE_PASSWORD 0 /* master_key is encrypted with a password
+                               * Must be zero to be compatible with pre-L
+                               * devices where type is always password.*/
+#define CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT  1 /* master_key is encrypted with default
+                               * password */
+#define CRYPT_TYPE_PATTERN  2 /* master_key is encrypted with a pattern */
+#define CRYPT_TYPE_PIN      3 /* master_key is encrypted with a pin */
+#define CRYPT_TYPE_MAX_TYPE 3 /* type cannot be larger than this value */
+
 #define CRYPT_MNT_MAGIC 0xD0B5B1C4
 #define PERSIST_DATA_MAGIC 0xE950CD44
 
@@ -55,24 +66,29 @@
 /* Key Derivation Function algorithms */
 #define KDF_PBKDF2 1
 #define KDF_SCRYPT 2
+#define KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER 3
+
+/* Maximum allowed keymaster blob size. */
+#define KEYMASTER_BLOB_SIZE 2048
 
 /* __le32 and __le16 defined in system/extras/ext4_utils/ext4_utils.h */
 #define __le8  unsigned char
 
 struct crypt_mnt_ftr {
-  __le32 magic;		/* See above */
+  __le32 magic;         /* See above */
   __le16 major_version;
   __le16 minor_version;
-  __le32 ftr_size; 	/* in bytes, not including key following */
-  __le32 flags;		/* See above */
-  __le32 keysize;	/* in bytes */
-  __le32 spare1;	/* ignored */
+  __le32 ftr_size;      /* in bytes, not including key following */
+  __le32 flags;         /* See above */
+  __le32 keysize;       /* in bytes */
+  __le32 crypt_type;    /* how master_key is encrypted. Must be a
+                         * CRYPT_TYPE_XXX value */
   __le64 fs_size;	/* Size of the encrypted fs, in 512 byte sectors */
   __le32 failed_decrypt_count; /* count of # of failed attempts to decrypt and
-				  mount, set to 0 on successful mount */
+                                  mount, set to 0 on successful mount */
   unsigned char crypto_type_name[MAX_CRYPTO_TYPE_NAME_LEN]; /* The type of encryption
-							       needed to decrypt this
-							       partition, null terminated */
+                                                               needed to decrypt this
+                                                               partition, null terminated */
   __le32 spare2;        /* ignored */
   unsigned char master_key[MAX_KEY_LEN]; /* The encrypted key for decrypting the filesystem */
   unsigned char salt[SALT_LEN];   /* The salt used for this encryption */
@@ -89,6 +105,18 @@
   __le8  N_factor; /* (1 << N) */
   __le8  r_factor; /* (1 << r) */
   __le8  p_factor; /* (1 << p) */
+  __le64 encrypted_upto; /* If we are in state CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS and
+                            we have to stop (e.g. power low) this is the last
+                            encrypted 512 byte sector.*/
+  __le8  hash_first_block[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH]; /* When CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS
+                                                    set, hash of first block, used
+                                                    to validate before continuing*/
+
+  /* key_master key, used to sign the derived key
+   * This key should be used for no other purposes! We use this key to sign unpadded 
+   * data, which is acceptable but only if the key is not reused elsewhere. */
+  __le8 keymaster_blob[KEYMASTER_BLOB_SIZE];
+  __le32 keymaster_blob_size;
 };
 
 /* Persistant data that should be available before decryption.
@@ -131,24 +159,32 @@
 #define VOL_PRIMARY        0x4
 #define VOL_PROVIDES_ASEC  0x8
 
+#define DATA_MNT_POINT "/data"
+
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-  typedef void (*kdf_func)(char *passwd, unsigned char *salt, unsigned char *ikey, void *params);
+  typedef int (*kdf_func)(const char *passwd, const unsigned char *salt,
+                          unsigned char *ikey, void *params);
 
   int cryptfs_crypto_complete(void);
   int cryptfs_check_passwd(char *pw);
   int cryptfs_verify_passwd(char *newpw);
   int cryptfs_restart(void);
-  int cryptfs_enable(char *flag, char *passwd);
-  int cryptfs_changepw(char *newpw);
+  int cryptfs_enable(char *flag, int type, char *passwd, int allow_reboot);
+  int cryptfs_changepw(int type, const char *newpw);
+  int cryptfs_enable_default(char *flag, int allow_reboot);
   int cryptfs_setup_volume(const char *label, int major, int minor,
                            char *crypto_dev_path, unsigned int max_pathlen,
                            int *new_major, int *new_minor);
   int cryptfs_revert_volume(const char *label);
   int cryptfs_getfield(char *fieldname, char *value, int len);
   int cryptfs_setfield(char *fieldname, char *value);
+  int cryptfs_mount_default_encrypted(void);
+  int cryptfs_get_password_type(void);
+  char* cryptfs_get_password(void);
+  void cryptfs_clear_password(void);
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/vdc.c b/vdc.c
index a810872..dcd2bc3 100644
--- a/vdc.c
+++ b/vdc.c
@@ -38,20 +38,38 @@
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
     int sock;
+    int wait_for_socket;
+    char *progname;
 
-    if (argc < 2)
-        usage(argv[0]);
+    progname = argv[0];
 
-    if ((sock = socket_local_client("vold",
-                                     ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_RESERVED,
-                                     SOCK_STREAM)) < 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "Error connecting (%s)\n", strerror(errno));
-        exit(4);
+    wait_for_socket = argc > 1 && strcmp(argv[1], "--wait") == 0;
+    if(wait_for_socket) {
+        argv++;
+        argc--;
     }
 
-    if (!strcmp(argv[1], "monitor"))
+    if(argc < 2) {
+        usage(progname);
+        exit(5);
+    }
+
+    while ((sock = socket_local_client("vold",
+                                 ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_RESERVED,
+                                 SOCK_STREAM)) < 0) {
+        if(!wait_for_socket) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Error connecting (%s)\n", strerror(errno));
+            exit(4);
+        } else {
+            sleep(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!strcmp(argv[1], "monitor")) {
         exit(do_monitor(sock, 0));
-    exit(do_cmd(sock, argc, argv));
+    } else {
+        exit(do_cmd(sock, argc, argv));
+    }
 }
 
 static int do_cmd(int sock, int argc, char **argv) {
@@ -118,7 +136,7 @@
                     return ECONNRESET;
                 return errno;
             }
-            
+
             int offset = 0;
             int i = 0;
 
@@ -146,7 +164,7 @@
 }
 
 static void usage(char *progname) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <monitor>|<cmd> [arg1] [arg2...]\n", progname);
-    exit(1);
-}
+    fprintf(stderr,
+            "Usage: %s [--wait] <monitor>|<cmd> [arg1] [arg2...]\n", progname);
+ }