AU: Speed up updates by using buffered writes.

Given that SSD writes are really slow, this improves performance significantly.
This reduces update time on AGZ from 375 to 100 seconds.

BUG=6901
TEST=unit tests, gmerged on device and measured speed

Change-Id: Idac7743f6eaa8f26878a2d1f6b9401513e2ca600

Review URL: http://codereview.chromium.org/3471006
diff --git a/SConstruct b/SConstruct
index a9bf9eb..70803e7 100644
--- a/SConstruct
+++ b/SConstruct
@@ -193,6 +193,7 @@
   env['LIBS'] += ['bz2', 'gcov']
 
 sources = Split("""action_processor.cc
+                   buffered_file_writer.cc
                    bzip.cc
                    bzip_extent_writer.cc
                    cycle_breaker.cc
@@ -232,6 +233,7 @@
 unittest_sources = Split("""action_unittest.cc
                             action_pipe_unittest.cc
                             action_processor_unittest.cc
+                            buffered_file_writer_unittest.cc
                             bzip_extent_writer_unittest.cc
                             cycle_breaker_unittest.cc
                             decompressing_file_writer_unittest.cc
diff --git a/buffered_file_writer.cc b/buffered_file_writer.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03b8c77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buffered_file_writer.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2010 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include "update_engine/buffered_file_writer.h"
+
+namespace chromeos_update_engine {
+
+BufferedFileWriter::BufferedFileWriter(FileWriter* next, size_t buffer_size)
+    : next_(next),
+      buffer_(new char[buffer_size]),
+      buffer_size_(buffer_size),
+      buffered_bytes_(0) {}
+
+BufferedFileWriter::~BufferedFileWriter() {}
+
+int BufferedFileWriter::Open(const char* path, int flags, mode_t mode) {
+  return next_->Open(path, flags, mode);
+}
+
+ssize_t BufferedFileWriter::Write(const void* bytes, size_t count) {
+  size_t copied_bytes = 0;
+  while (copied_bytes < count) {
+    // Buffers as many bytes as possible.
+    size_t remaining_free = buffer_size_ - buffered_bytes_;
+    size_t copy_bytes = count - copied_bytes;
+    if (copy_bytes > remaining_free) {
+      copy_bytes = remaining_free;
+    }
+    const char* char_bytes = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(bytes);
+    memcpy(&buffer_[buffered_bytes_], char_bytes + copied_bytes, copy_bytes);
+    buffered_bytes_ += copy_bytes;
+    copied_bytes += copy_bytes;
+
+    // If full, sends the buffer to the next FileWriter.
+    if (buffered_bytes_ == buffer_size_) {
+      ssize_t rc = WriteBuffer();
+      if (rc < 0)
+        return rc;
+    }
+  }
+  return count;
+}
+
+int BufferedFileWriter::Close() {
+  // Flushes the buffer first, then closes the next FileWriter.
+  ssize_t rc_write = WriteBuffer();
+  int rc_close = next_->Close();
+  return (rc_write < 0) ? rc_write : rc_close;
+}
+
+ssize_t BufferedFileWriter::WriteBuffer() {
+  if (buffered_bytes_ == 0)
+    return 0;
+  ssize_t rc = next_->Write(&buffer_[0], buffered_bytes_);
+  buffered_bytes_ = 0;
+  return rc;
+}
+
+}  // namespace chromeos_update_engine
diff --git a/buffered_file_writer.h b/buffered_file_writer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0457285
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buffered_file_writer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2010 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef CHROMEOS_PLATFORM_UPDATE_ENGINE_BUFFERED_FILE_WRITER_H__
+#define CHROMEOS_PLATFORM_UPDATE_ENGINE_BUFFERED_FILE_WRITER_H__
+
+#include <base/scoped_ptr.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest_prod.h>  // for FRIEND_TEST
+
+#include "update_engine/file_writer.h"
+
+// BufferedFileWriter is an implementation of FileWriter that buffers all data
+// before passing it onto another FileWriter.
+
+namespace chromeos_update_engine {
+
+class BufferedFileWriter : public FileWriter {
+ public:
+  BufferedFileWriter(FileWriter* next, size_t buffer_size);
+  virtual ~BufferedFileWriter();
+
+  virtual int Open(const char* path, int flags, mode_t mode);
+  virtual ssize_t Write(const void* bytes, size_t count);
+  virtual int Close();
+
+ private:
+  FRIEND_TEST(BufferedFileWriterTest, CloseErrorTest);
+  FRIEND_TEST(BufferedFileWriterTest, CloseNoDataTest);
+  FRIEND_TEST(BufferedFileWriterTest, CloseWriteErrorTest);
+  FRIEND_TEST(BufferedFileWriterTest, ConstructorTest);
+  FRIEND_TEST(BufferedFileWriterTest, WriteBufferNoDataTest);
+  FRIEND_TEST(BufferedFileWriterTest, WriteBufferTest);
+  FRIEND_TEST(BufferedFileWriterTest, WriteErrorTest);
+  FRIEND_TEST(BufferedFileWriterTest, WriteTest);
+  FRIEND_TEST(BufferedFileWriterTest, WriteWrapBufferTest);
+
+  // If non-empty, sends the buffer to the next FileWriter.
+  ssize_t WriteBuffer();
+
+  // The FileWriter that we write all buffered data to.
+  FileWriter* const next_;
+
+  scoped_array<char> buffer_;
+  size_t buffer_size_;
+  size_t buffered_bytes_;
+
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(BufferedFileWriter);
+};
+
+}  // namespace chromeos_update_engine
+
+#endif  // CHROMEOS_PLATFORM_UPDATE_ENGINE_BUFFERED_FILE_WRITER_H__
diff --git a/buffered_file_writer_unittest.cc b/buffered_file_writer_unittest.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c39a4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/buffered_file_writer_unittest.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2010 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "update_engine/buffered_file_writer.h"
+#include "update_engine/file_writer_mock.h"
+
+using std::string;
+using testing::_;
+using testing::InSequence;
+using testing::Return;
+
+namespace chromeos_update_engine {
+
+static const int kTestFlags = O_CREAT | O_LARGEFILE | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY;
+static const mode_t kTestMode = 0644;
+
+MATCHER_P2(MemCmp, expected, n, "") { return memcmp(arg, expected, n) == 0; }
+
+class BufferedFileWriterTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  FileWriterMock file_writer_mock_;
+};
+
+TEST_F(BufferedFileWriterTest, CloseErrorTest) {
+  BufferedFileWriter writer(&file_writer_mock_, 100);
+  writer.buffered_bytes_ = 1;
+  InSequence s;
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Write(&writer.buffer_[0], 1))
+      .Times(1)
+      .WillOnce(Return(50));
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Close()).Times(1).WillOnce(Return(-20));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-20, writer.Close());
+}
+
+TEST_F(BufferedFileWriterTest, CloseNoDataTest) {
+  BufferedFileWriter writer(&file_writer_mock_, 50);
+  InSequence s;
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Write(_, _)).Times(0);
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Close()).Times(1).WillOnce(Return(-30));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-30, writer.Close());
+}
+
+TEST_F(BufferedFileWriterTest, CloseWriteErrorTest) {
+  BufferedFileWriter writer(&file_writer_mock_, 100);
+  writer.buffered_bytes_ = 2;
+  InSequence s;
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Write(&writer.buffer_[0], 2))
+      .Times(1)
+      .WillOnce(Return(-10));
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Close()).Times(1).WillOnce(Return(-20));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-10, writer.Close());
+}
+
+TEST_F(BufferedFileWriterTest, ConstructorTest) {
+  BufferedFileWriter writer(&file_writer_mock_, 123);
+  EXPECT_EQ(&file_writer_mock_, writer.next_);
+  EXPECT_EQ(123, writer.buffer_size_);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(writer.buffer_ != NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, writer.buffered_bytes_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(BufferedFileWriterTest, OpenTest) {
+  BufferedFileWriter writer(&file_writer_mock_, 100);
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Open("foo", kTestFlags, kTestMode))
+      .Times(1)
+      .WillOnce(Return(20));
+  EXPECT_EQ(20, writer.Open("foo", kTestFlags, kTestMode));
+}
+
+TEST_F(BufferedFileWriterTest, WriteBufferNoDataTest) {
+  BufferedFileWriter writer(&file_writer_mock_, 300);
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Write(_, _)).Times(0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, writer.WriteBuffer());
+}
+
+TEST_F(BufferedFileWriterTest, WriteBufferTest) {
+  BufferedFileWriter writer(&file_writer_mock_, 200);
+  writer.buffered_bytes_ = 100;
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Write(&writer.buffer_[0], 100))
+      .Times(1)
+      .WillOnce(Return(-10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-10, writer.WriteBuffer());
+}
+
+TEST_F(BufferedFileWriterTest, WriteErrorTest) {
+  string kData = "test_data";
+  BufferedFileWriter writer(&file_writer_mock_, 4);
+  InSequence s;
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Write(MemCmp("test", 4), 4))
+      .Times(1)
+      .WillOnce(Return(3));
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Write(MemCmp("_dat", 4), 4))
+      .Times(1)
+      .WillOnce(Return(-10));
+  EXPECT_EQ(-10, writer.Write(kData.data(), kData.size()));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, writer.buffered_bytes_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(BufferedFileWriterTest, WriteTest) {
+  string kData = "test_data";
+  BufferedFileWriter writer(&file_writer_mock_, 100);
+  writer.buffered_bytes_ = 10;
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Write(_, _)).Times(0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(kData.size(), writer.Write(kData.data(), kData.size()));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp(kData.data(), &writer.buffer_[10], kData.size()));
+  EXPECT_EQ(kData.size() + 10, writer.buffered_bytes_);
+}
+
+TEST_F(BufferedFileWriterTest, WriteWrapBufferTest) {
+  string kData = "test_data1";
+  BufferedFileWriter writer(&file_writer_mock_, 3);
+  writer.buffered_bytes_ = 1;
+  writer.buffer_[0] = 'x';
+  InSequence s;
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Write(MemCmp("xte", 3), 3))
+      .Times(1)
+      .WillOnce(Return(3));
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Write(MemCmp("st_", 3), 3))
+      .Times(1)
+      .WillOnce(Return(3));
+  EXPECT_CALL(file_writer_mock_, Write(MemCmp("dat", 3), 3))
+      .Times(1)
+      .WillOnce(Return(3));
+  EXPECT_EQ(kData.size(), writer.Write(kData.data(), kData.size()));
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp("a1", &writer.buffer_[0], 2));
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, writer.buffered_bytes_);
+}
+
+}  // namespace chromeos_update_engine
diff --git a/download_action.cc b/download_action.cc
index 5096703..9779f2a 100644
--- a/download_action.cc
+++ b/download_action.cc
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 
 namespace chromeos_update_engine {
 
+// Use a buffer to reduce the number of IOPS on SSD devices.
+const size_t kFileWriterBufferSize = 128 * 1024;  // 128 KiB
+
 DownloadAction::DownloadAction(HttpFetcher* http_fetcher)
     : writer_(NULL),
       http_fetcher_(http_fetcher),
@@ -41,8 +44,15 @@
     if (install_plan_.is_full_update) {
       kernel_file_writer_.reset(new DirectFileWriter);
       rootfs_file_writer_.reset(new DirectFileWriter);
-      split_file_writer_.reset(new SplitFileWriter(kernel_file_writer_.get(),
-                                                   rootfs_file_writer_.get()));
+      kernel_buffered_file_writer_.reset(
+          new BufferedFileWriter(kernel_file_writer_.get(),
+                                 kFileWriterBufferSize));
+      rootfs_buffered_file_writer_.reset(
+          new BufferedFileWriter(rootfs_file_writer_.get(),
+                                 kFileWriterBufferSize));
+      split_file_writer_.reset(
+          new SplitFileWriter(kernel_buffered_file_writer_.get(),
+                              rootfs_buffered_file_writer_.get()));
       split_file_writer_->SetFirstOpenArgs(
           install_plan_.kernel_install_path.c_str(),
           O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_LARGEFILE,
diff --git a/download_action.h b/download_action.h
index c0c36f1..f6d5a11 100644
--- a/download_action.h
+++ b/download_action.h
@@ -11,13 +11,13 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
+#include <base/scoped_ptr.h>
 #include <curl/curl.h>
 
-#include "base/scoped_ptr.h"
 #include "update_engine/action.h"
 #include "update_engine/decompressing_file_writer.h"
 #include "update_engine/delta_performer.h"
-#include "update_engine/file_writer.h"
+#include "update_engine/buffered_file_writer.h"
 #include "update_engine/http_fetcher.h"
 #include "update_engine/install_plan.h"
 #include "update_engine/omaha_hash_calculator.h"
@@ -105,6 +105,8 @@
   scoped_ptr<SplitFileWriter> split_file_writer_;
   scoped_ptr<DirectFileWriter> kernel_file_writer_;
   scoped_ptr<DirectFileWriter> rootfs_file_writer_;
+  scoped_ptr<BufferedFileWriter> kernel_buffered_file_writer_;
+  scoped_ptr<BufferedFileWriter> rootfs_buffered_file_writer_;
 
   // Used to apply a delta update:
   scoped_ptr<DeltaPerformer> delta_performer_;
diff --git a/file_writer.h b/file_writer.h
index 1a0cc23..a534b96 100644
--- a/file_writer.h
+++ b/file_writer.h
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 
  private:
   int fd_;
-  
+
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(DirectFileWriter);
 };
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
   }
  private:
   FileWriter* writer_;
-  
+
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ScopedFileWriterCloser);
 };
 
diff --git a/file_writer_mock.h b/file_writer_mock.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..004c3b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/file_writer_mock.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2010 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef CHROMEOS_PLATFORM_UPDATE_ENGINE_FILE_WRITER_MOCK_H__
+#define CHROMEOS_PLATFORM_UPDATE_ENGINE_FILE_WRITER_MOCK_H__
+
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+#include "update_engine/file_writer.h"
+
+namespace chromeos_update_engine {
+
+class FileWriterMock : public FileWriter {
+ public:
+  MOCK_METHOD3(Open, int(const char* path, int flags, mode_t mode));
+  MOCK_METHOD2(Write, ssize_t(const void* bytes, size_t count));
+  MOCK_METHOD0(Close, int());
+};
+
+}  // namespace chromeos_update_engine
+
+#endif  // CHROMEOS_PLATFORM_UPDATE_ENGINE_FILE_WRITER_MOCK_H__