Split payload application code into a subdirectory.

This patch splits from the main libupdate_engine code the part that
is strictly used to download and apply a payload into a new static
library, moving the code to subdirectories. The new library is divided
in two subdirectories: common/ and payload_consumer/, and should not
depend on other update_engine files outside those two subdirectories.
The main difference between those two is that the common/ tools are more
generic and not tied to the payload consumer process, but otherwise they
are both compiled together.

There are still dependencies from the new libpayload_consumer library
into the main directory files and DBus generated files. Those will be
addressed in follow up CLs.

Bug: 25197634
Test: FEATURES=test emerge-link update_engine; `mm` on Brillo.

Change-Id: Id8d0204ea573627e6e26ca9ea17b9592ca95bc23
diff --git a/common/action.h b/common/action.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8049ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/action.h
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+#ifndef UPDATE_ENGINE_COMMON_ACTION_H_
+#define UPDATE_ENGINE_COMMON_ACTION_H_
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include <base/logging.h>
+#include <base/macros.h>
+
+#include "update_engine/common/action_pipe.h"
+#include "update_engine/common/action_processor.h"
+
+// The structure of these classes (Action, ActionPipe, ActionProcessor, etc.)
+// is based on the KSAction* classes from the Google Update Engine code at
+// http://code.google.com/p/update-engine/ . The author of this file sends
+// a big thanks to that team for their high quality design, implementation,
+// and documentation.
+//
+// Readers may want to consult this wiki page from the Update Engine site:
+// http://code.google.com/p/update-engine/wiki/ActionProcessor
+// Although it's referring to the Objective-C KSAction* classes, much
+// applies here as well.
+//
+// How it works:
+//
+// First off, there is only one thread and all I/O should be asynchronous.
+// A message loop blocks whenever there is no work to be done. This happens
+// where there is no CPU work to be done and no I/O ready to transfer in or
+// out. Two kinds of events can wake up the message loop: timer alarm or file
+// descriptors. If either of these happens, the message loop finds out the owner
+// of what fired and calls the appropriate code to handle it. As such, all the
+// code in the Action* classes and the code that is calls is non-blocking.
+//
+// An ActionProcessor contains a queue of Actions to perform. When
+// ActionProcessor::StartProcessing() is called, it executes the first action.
+// Each action tells the processor when it has completed, which causes the
+// Processor to execute the next action. ActionProcessor may have a delegate
+// (an object of type ActionProcessorDelegate). If it does, the delegate
+// is called to be notified of events as they happen.
+//
+// ActionPipe classes
+//
+// See action_pipe.h
+//
+// ActionTraits
+//
+// We need to use an extra class ActionTraits. ActionTraits is a simple
+// templated class that contains only two typedefs: OutputObjectType and
+// InputObjectType. Each action class also has two typedefs of the same name
+// that are of the same type. So, to get the input/output types of, e.g., the
+// DownloadAction class, we look at the type of
+// DownloadAction::InputObjectType.
+//
+// Each concrete Action class derives from Action<T>. This means that during
+// template instantiation of Action<T>, T is declared but not defined, which
+// means that T::InputObjectType (and OutputObjectType) is not defined.
+// However, the traits class is constructed in such a way that it will be
+// template instantiated first, so Action<T> *can* find the types it needs by
+// consulting ActionTraits<T>::InputObjectType (and OutputObjectType).
+// This is why the ActionTraits classes are needed.
+
+namespace chromeos_update_engine {
+
+// It is handy to have a non-templated base class of all Actions.
+class AbstractAction {
+ public:
+  AbstractAction() : processor_(nullptr) {}
+  virtual ~AbstractAction() = default;
+
+  // Begin performing the action. Since this code is asynchronous, when this
+  // method returns, it means only that the action has started, not necessarily
+  // completed. However, it's acceptable for this method to perform the
+  // action synchronously; Action authors should understand the implications
+  // of synchronously performing, though, because this is a single-threaded
+  // app, the entire process will be blocked while the action performs.
+  //
+  // When the action is complete, it must call
+  // ActionProcessor::ActionComplete(this); to notify the processor that it's
+  // done.
+  virtual void PerformAction() = 0;
+
+  // Called on ActionProcess::ActionComplete() by ActionProcessor.
+  virtual void ActionCompleted(ErrorCode code) {}
+
+  // Called by the ActionProcessor to tell this Action which processor
+  // it belongs to.
+  void SetProcessor(ActionProcessor* processor) {
+    if (processor)
+      CHECK(!processor_);
+    else
+      CHECK(processor_);
+    processor_ = processor;
+  }
+
+  // Returns true iff the action is the current action of its ActionProcessor.
+  bool IsRunning() const {
+    if (!processor_)
+      return false;
+    return processor_->current_action() == this;
+  }
+
+  // Called on asynchronous actions if canceled. Actions may implement if
+  // there's any cleanup to do. There is no need to call
+  // ActionProcessor::ActionComplete() because the processor knows this
+  // action is terminating.
+  // Only the ActionProcessor should call this.
+  virtual void TerminateProcessing() {}
+
+  // These methods are useful for debugging. TODO(adlr): consider using
+  // std::type_info for this?
+  // Type() returns a string of the Action type. I.e., for DownloadAction,
+  // Type() would return "DownloadAction".
+  virtual std::string Type() const = 0;
+
+ protected:
+  // A weak pointer to the processor that owns this Action.
+  ActionProcessor* processor_;
+};
+
+// Forward declare a couple classes we use.
+template<typename T>
+class ActionPipe;
+template<typename T>
+class ActionTraits;
+
+template<typename SubClass>
+class Action : public AbstractAction {
+ public:
+  ~Action() override {}
+
+  // Attaches an input pipe to this Action. This is optional; an Action
+  // doesn't need to have an input pipe. The input pipe must be of the type
+  // of object that this class expects.
+  // This is generally called by ActionPipe::Bond()
+  void set_in_pipe(
+      // this type is a fancy way of saying: a shared_ptr to an
+      // ActionPipe<InputObjectType>.
+      const std::shared_ptr<ActionPipe<
+          typename ActionTraits<SubClass>::InputObjectType>>& in_pipe) {
+    in_pipe_ = in_pipe;
+  }
+
+  // Attaches an output pipe to this Action. This is optional; an Action
+  // doesn't need to have an output pipe. The output pipe must be of the type
+  // of object that this class expects.
+  // This is generally called by ActionPipe::Bond()
+  void set_out_pipe(
+      // this type is a fancy way of saying: a shared_ptr to an
+      // ActionPipe<OutputObjectType>.
+      const std::shared_ptr<ActionPipe<
+          typename ActionTraits<SubClass>::OutputObjectType>>& out_pipe) {
+    out_pipe_ = out_pipe;
+  }
+
+  // Returns true iff there is an associated input pipe. If there's an input
+  // pipe, there's an input object, but it may have been constructed with the
+  // default ctor if the previous action didn't call SetOutputObject().
+  bool HasInputObject() const { return in_pipe_.get(); }
+
+  // returns a const reference to the object in the input pipe.
+  const typename ActionTraits<SubClass>::InputObjectType& GetInputObject()
+      const {
+    CHECK(HasInputObject());
+    return in_pipe_->contents();
+  }
+
+  // Returns true iff there's an output pipe.
+  bool HasOutputPipe() const {
+    return out_pipe_.get();
+  }
+
+  // Copies the object passed into the output pipe. It will be accessible to
+  // the next Action via that action's input pipe (which is the same as this
+  // Action's output pipe).
+  void SetOutputObject(
+      const typename ActionTraits<SubClass>::OutputObjectType& out_obj) {
+    CHECK(HasOutputPipe());
+    out_pipe_->set_contents(out_obj);
+  }
+
+  // Returns a reference to the object sitting in the output pipe.
+  const typename ActionTraits<SubClass>::OutputObjectType& GetOutputObject() {
+    CHECK(HasOutputPipe());
+    return out_pipe_->contents();
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  // We use a shared_ptr to the pipe. shared_ptr objects destroy what they
+  // point to when the last such shared_ptr object dies. We consider the
+  // Actions on either end of a pipe to "own" the pipe. When the last Action
+  // of the two dies, the ActionPipe will die, too.
+  std::shared_ptr<ActionPipe<typename ActionTraits<SubClass>::InputObjectType>>
+      in_pipe_;
+  std::shared_ptr<ActionPipe<typename ActionTraits<SubClass>::OutputObjectType>>
+      out_pipe_;
+};
+
+};  // namespace chromeos_update_engine
+
+#endif  // UPDATE_ENGINE_COMMON_ACTION_H_