Keystore 2.0: Add keystore2 support to the keystore-engine.

Test: ???
Bug: 173546268
Bug: 171305607
Bug: 175068876
Change-Id: Ib44a8787d31a994453ab56022546cfbc5b76516e
diff --git a/keystore-engine/keystore2_engine.cpp b/keystore-engine/keystore2_engine.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d25f48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keystore-engine/keystore2_engine.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "keystore2_engine.h"
+
+#include <aidl/android/system/keystore2/IKeystoreService.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+
+#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
+
+#include <openssl/bn.h>
+#include <openssl/ec.h>
+#include <openssl/ec_key.h>
+#include <openssl/ecdsa.h>
+#include <openssl/engine.h>
+#include <openssl/rsa.h>
+#include <openssl/x509.h>
+
+#define AT __func__ << ":" << __LINE__ << " "
+
+constexpr const char keystore2_service_name[] = "android.system.keystore2";
+const std::string keystore2_grant_id_prefix("ks2_keystore-engine_grant_id:");
+
+/**
+ * Keystore 2.0 namespace identifiers.
+ * Keep in sync with system/sepolicy/private/keystore2_key_contexts.
+ */
+constexpr const int64_t KS2_NAMESPACE_WIFI = 102;
+
+namespace ks2 = ::aidl::android::system::keystore2;
+namespace KMV1 = ::aidl::android::hardware::security::keymint;
+
+namespace {
+
+int64_t getNamespaceforCurrentUid() {
+    auto uid = getuid();
+    switch (uid) {
+    case AID_WIFI:
+        return KS2_NAMESPACE_WIFI;
+    // 0 is the super user namespace, and nothing has access to this namespace on user builds.
+    // So this will always fail.
+    default:
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+struct Keystore2KeyBackend {
+    ks2::KeyDescriptor descriptor_;
+    std::shared_ptr<ks2::IKeystoreSecurityLevel> i_keystore_security_level_;
+};
+
+/* key_backend_dup is called when one of the RSA or EC_KEY objects is duplicated. */
+extern "C" int key_backend_dup(CRYPTO_EX_DATA* /* to */, const CRYPTO_EX_DATA* /* from */,
+                               void** from_d, int /* index */, long /* argl */, void* /* argp */) {
+    auto key_backend = reinterpret_cast<std::shared_ptr<Keystore2KeyBackend>*>(*from_d);
+    if (key_backend != nullptr) {
+        *from_d = new std::shared_ptr<Keystore2KeyBackend>(*key_backend);
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/* key_backend_free is called when one of the RSA, DSA or EC_KEY object is freed. */
+extern "C" void key_backend_free(void* /* parent */, void* ptr, CRYPTO_EX_DATA* /* ad */,
+                                 int /* index */, long /* argl */, void* /* argp */) {
+    delete reinterpret_cast<std::shared_ptr<Keystore2KeyBackend>*>(ptr);
+}
+
+extern "C" int rsa_private_transform(RSA* rsa, uint8_t* out, const uint8_t* in, size_t len);
+extern "C" int ecdsa_sign(const uint8_t* digest, size_t digest_len, uint8_t* sig,
+                          unsigned int* sig_len, EC_KEY* ec_key);
+/* KeystoreEngine is a BoringSSL ENGINE that implements RSA and ECDSA by
+ * forwarding the requested operations to Keystore. */
+class Keystore2Engine {
+  public:
+    Keystore2Engine()
+        : rsa_index_(RSA_get_ex_new_index(0 /* argl */, nullptr /* argp */, nullptr /* new_func */,
+                                          key_backend_dup, key_backend_free)),
+          ec_key_index_(EC_KEY_get_ex_new_index(0 /* argl */, nullptr /* argp */,
+                                                nullptr /* new_func */, key_backend_dup,
+                                                key_backend_free)),
+          engine_(ENGINE_new()) {
+        memset(&rsa_method_, 0, sizeof(rsa_method_));
+        rsa_method_.common.is_static = 1;
+        rsa_method_.private_transform = rsa_private_transform;
+        rsa_method_.flags = RSA_FLAG_OPAQUE;
+        ENGINE_set_RSA_method(engine_, &rsa_method_, sizeof(rsa_method_));
+
+        memset(&ecdsa_method_, 0, sizeof(ecdsa_method_));
+        ecdsa_method_.common.is_static = 1;
+        ecdsa_method_.sign = ecdsa_sign;
+        ecdsa_method_.flags = ECDSA_FLAG_OPAQUE;
+        ENGINE_set_ECDSA_method(engine_, &ecdsa_method_, sizeof(ecdsa_method_));
+    }
+
+    int rsa_ex_index() const { return rsa_index_; }
+    int ec_key_ex_index() const { return ec_key_index_; }
+
+    const ENGINE* engine() const { return engine_; }
+
+    static const Keystore2Engine& get() {
+        static Keystore2Engine engine;
+        return engine;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    const int rsa_index_;
+    const int ec_key_index_;
+    RSA_METHOD rsa_method_;
+    ECDSA_METHOD ecdsa_method_;
+    ENGINE* const engine_;
+};
+
+#define OWNERSHIP_TRANSFERRED(x) x.release()
+
+/* wrap_rsa returns an |EVP_PKEY| that contains an RSA key where the public
+ * part is taken from |public_rsa| and the private operations are forwarded to
+ * KeyStore and operate on the key named |key_id|. */
+bssl::UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> wrap_rsa(std::shared_ptr<Keystore2KeyBackend> key_backend,
+                                   const RSA* public_rsa) {
+    bssl::UniquePtr<RSA> rsa(RSA_new_method(Keystore2Engine::get().engine()));
+    if (rsa.get() == nullptr) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    auto key_backend_copy = new decltype(key_backend)(key_backend);
+
+    if (!RSA_set_ex_data(rsa.get(), Keystore2Engine::get().rsa_ex_index(), key_backend_copy)) {
+        delete key_backend_copy;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    rsa->n = BN_dup(public_rsa->n);
+    rsa->e = BN_dup(public_rsa->e);
+    if (rsa->n == nullptr || rsa->e == nullptr) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    bssl::UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> result(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (result.get() == nullptr || !EVP_PKEY_assign_RSA(result.get(), rsa.get())) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    OWNERSHIP_TRANSFERRED(rsa);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* wrap_ecdsa returns an |EVP_PKEY| that contains an ECDSA key where the public
+ * part is taken from |public_rsa| and the private operations are forwarded to
+ * KeyStore and operate on the key named |key_id|. */
+bssl::UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> wrap_ecdsa(std::shared_ptr<Keystore2KeyBackend> key_backend,
+                                     const EC_KEY* public_ecdsa) {
+    bssl::UniquePtr<EC_KEY> ec(EC_KEY_new_method(Keystore2Engine::get().engine()));
+    if (ec.get() == nullptr) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    if (!EC_KEY_set_group(ec.get(), EC_KEY_get0_group(public_ecdsa)) ||
+        !EC_KEY_set_public_key(ec.get(), EC_KEY_get0_public_key(public_ecdsa))) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    auto key_backend_copy = new decltype(key_backend)(key_backend);
+
+    if (!EC_KEY_set_ex_data(ec.get(), Keystore2Engine::get().ec_key_ex_index(), key_backend_copy)) {
+        delete key_backend_copy;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    bssl::UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> result(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (result.get() == nullptr || !EVP_PKEY_assign_EC_KEY(result.get(), ec.get())) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    OWNERSHIP_TRANSFERRED(ec);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>> keystore2_sign(const Keystore2KeyBackend& key_backend,
+                                                   std::vector<uint8_t> input,
+                                                   KMV1::Algorithm algorithm) {
+    auto sec_level = key_backend.i_keystore_security_level_;
+    ks2::CreateOperationResponse response;
+
+    std::vector<KMV1::KeyParameter> op_params(4);
+    op_params[0] = KMV1::KeyParameter{
+        .tag = KMV1::Tag::PURPOSE,
+        .value = KMV1::KeyParameterValue::make<KMV1::KeyParameterValue::keyPurpose>(
+            KMV1::KeyPurpose::SIGN)};
+    op_params[1] = KMV1::KeyParameter{
+        .tag = KMV1::Tag::ALGORITHM,
+        .value = KMV1::KeyParameterValue::make<KMV1::KeyParameterValue::algorithm>(algorithm)};
+    op_params[2] = KMV1::KeyParameter{
+        .tag = KMV1::Tag::PADDING,
+        .value = KMV1::KeyParameterValue::make<KMV1::KeyParameterValue::paddingMode>(
+            KMV1::PaddingMode::NONE)};
+    op_params[3] =
+        KMV1::KeyParameter{.tag = KMV1::Tag::DIGEST,
+                           .value = KMV1::KeyParameterValue::make<KMV1::KeyParameterValue::digest>(
+                               KMV1::Digest::NONE)};
+
+    auto rc = sec_level->createOperation(key_backend.descriptor_, op_params, false /* forced */,
+                                         &response);
+    if (!rc.isOk()) {
+        auto exception_code = rc.getExceptionCode();
+        if (exception_code == EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Keystore createOperation returned service specific error: "
+                       << rc.getServiceSpecificError();
+        } else {
+            LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Communication with Keystore createOperation failed error: "
+                       << exception_code;
+        }
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    auto op = response.iOperation;
+
+    std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>> output = std::nullopt;
+    rc = op->finish(std::move(input), {}, &output);
+    if (!rc.isOk()) {
+        auto exception_code = rc.getExceptionCode();
+        if (exception_code == EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Keystore finish returned service specific error: "
+                       << rc.getServiceSpecificError();
+        } else {
+            LOG(ERROR) << AT
+                       << "Communication with Keystore finish failed error: " << exception_code;
+        }
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    if (!output) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "We did not get a signature from Keystore.";
+    }
+
+    return output;
+}
+
+/* rsa_private_transform takes a big-endian integer from |in|, calculates the
+ * d'th power of it, modulo the RSA modulus, and writes the result as a
+ * big-endian integer to |out|. Both |in| and |out| are |len| bytes long. It
+ * returns one on success and zero otherwise. */
+extern "C" int rsa_private_transform(RSA* rsa, uint8_t* out, const uint8_t* in, size_t len) {
+    auto key_backend = reinterpret_cast<std::shared_ptr<Keystore2KeyBackend>*>(
+        RSA_get_ex_data(rsa, Keystore2Engine::get().rsa_ex_index()));
+
+    if (key_backend == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Invalid key.";
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    auto output =
+        keystore2_sign(**key_backend, std::vector<uint8_t>(in, in + len), KMV1::Algorithm::RSA);
+    if (!output) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (output->size() > len) {
+        /* The result of the RSA operation can never be larger than the size of
+         * the modulus so we assume that the result has extra zeros on the
+         * left. This provides attackers with an oracle, but there's nothing
+         * that we can do about it here. */
+        LOG(WARNING) << "Reply len " << output->size() << " greater than expected " << len;
+        memcpy(out, &output->data()[output->size() - len], len);
+    } else if (output->size() < len) {
+        /* If the Keystore implementation returns a short value we assume that
+         * it's because it removed leading zeros from the left side. This is
+         * bad because it provides attackers with an oracle but we cannot do
+         * anything about a broken Keystore implementation here. */
+        LOG(WARNING) << "Reply len " << output->size() << " less than expected " << len;
+        memset(out, 0, len);
+        memcpy(out + len - output->size(), output->data(), output->size());
+    } else {
+        memcpy(out, output->data(), len);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/* ecdsa_sign signs |digest_len| bytes from |digest| with |ec_key| and writes
+ * the resulting signature (an ASN.1 encoded blob) to |sig|. It returns one on
+ * success and zero otherwise. */
+extern "C" int ecdsa_sign(const uint8_t* digest, size_t digest_len, uint8_t* sig,
+                          unsigned int* sig_len, EC_KEY* ec_key) {
+    auto key_backend = reinterpret_cast<std::shared_ptr<Keystore2KeyBackend>*>(
+        EC_KEY_get_ex_data(ec_key, Keystore2Engine::get().ec_key_ex_index()));
+
+    if (key_backend == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Invalid key.";
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    size_t ecdsa_size = ECDSA_size(ec_key);
+
+    auto output = keystore2_sign(**key_backend, std::vector<uint8_t>(digest, digest + digest_len),
+                                 KMV1::Algorithm::EC);
+    if (!output) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "There was an error during ecdsa_sign.";
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (output->size() == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "No valid signature returned";
+        return 0;
+    } else if (output->size() > ecdsa_size) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Signature is too large";
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    memcpy(sig, output->data(), output->size());
+    *sig_len = output->size();
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+/* EVP_PKEY_from_keystore returns an |EVP_PKEY| that contains either an RSA or
+ * ECDSA key where the public part of the key reflects the value of the key
+ * named |key_id| in Keystore and the private operations are forwarded onto
+ * KeyStore. */
+extern "C" EVP_PKEY* EVP_PKEY_from_keystore2(const char* key_id) {
+    ::ndk::SpAIBinder keystoreBinder(AServiceManager_checkService(keystore2_service_name));
+    auto keystore2 = ks2::IKeystoreService::fromBinder(keystoreBinder);
+
+    if (!keystore2) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Unable to connect to Keystore 2.0.";
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    std::string alias = key_id;
+    if (android::base::StartsWith(alias, "USRPKEY_")) {
+        LOG(WARNING) << AT << "Keystore backend used with legacy alias prefix - ignoring.";
+        alias = alias.substr(8);
+    }
+
+    ks2::KeyDescriptor descriptor = {
+        .domain = ks2::Domain::SELINUX,
+        .nspace = getNamespaceforCurrentUid(),
+        .alias = alias,
+        .blob = std::nullopt,
+    };
+
+    // If the key_id starts with the grant id prefix, we parse the following string as numeric
+    // grant id. We can then use the grant domain without alias to load the designated key.
+    if (alias.find(keystore2_grant_id_prefix) == 0) {
+        std::stringstream s(alias.substr(keystore2_grant_id_prefix.size()));
+        s >> std::hex >> reinterpret_cast<uint64_t&>(descriptor.nspace);
+        descriptor.domain = ks2::Domain::GRANT;
+        descriptor.alias = std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    ks2::KeyEntryResponse response;
+    auto rc = keystore2->getKeyEntry(descriptor, &response);
+    if (!rc.isOk()) {
+        auto exception_code = rc.getExceptionCode();
+        if (exception_code == EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Keystore getKeyEntry returned service specific error: "
+                       << rc.getServiceSpecificError();
+        } else {
+            LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Communication with Keystore getKeyEntry failed error: "
+                       << exception_code;
+        }
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    if (!response.metadata.certificate) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "No public key found.";
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    const uint8_t* p = response.metadata.certificate->data();
+    bssl::UniquePtr<X509> x509(d2i_X509(nullptr, &p, response.metadata.certificate->size()));
+    if (!x509) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Failed to parse x509 certificate.";
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    bssl::UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> pkey(X509_get_pubkey(x509.get()));
+    if (!pkey) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Failed to extract public key.";
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    auto key_backend = std::make_shared<Keystore2KeyBackend>(
+        Keystore2KeyBackend{response.metadata.key, response.iSecurityLevel});
+
+    bssl::UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY> result;
+    switch (EVP_PKEY_type(pkey->type)) {
+    case EVP_PKEY_RSA: {
+        bssl::UniquePtr<RSA> public_rsa(EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pkey.get()));
+        result = wrap_rsa(key_backend, public_rsa.get());
+        break;
+    }
+    case EVP_PKEY_EC: {
+        bssl::UniquePtr<EC_KEY> public_ecdsa(EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pkey.get()));
+        result = wrap_ecdsa(key_backend, public_ecdsa.get());
+        break;
+    }
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Unsupported key type " << EVP_PKEY_type(pkey->type);
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    return result.release();
+}