diff --git a/adb/Android.mk b/adb/Android.mk
index 7c029be..3512323 100644
--- a/adb/Android.mk
+++ b/adb/Android.mk
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
 
 # Even though we're building a static library (and thus there's no link step for
 # this to take effect), this adds the includes to our path.
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils_static libcrypto_static libbase
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils libcrypto libbase
 
 include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
 
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
 
 # Even though we're building a static library (and thus there's no link step for
 # this to take effect), this adds the includes to our path.
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils_static libcrypto_static libbase
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils libcrypto libbase
 
 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES_windows := development/host/windows/usb/api/
 LOCAL_MULTILIB := first
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@
     shell_service_test.cpp \
 
 LOCAL_SANITIZE := $(adb_target_sanitize)
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libadbd libcrypto_utils_static libcrypto_static
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libadbd libcrypto_utils libcrypto
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog libbase libcutils
 include $(BUILD_NATIVE_TEST)
 
@@ -194,8 +194,8 @@
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libbase
 LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
     libadb \
-    libcrypto_utils_static \
-    libcrypto_static \
+    libcrypto_utils \
+    libcrypto \
     libcutils \
     libdiagnose_usb \
 
@@ -257,8 +257,8 @@
 LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
     libadb \
     libbase \
-    libcrypto_utils_static \
-    libcrypto_static \
+    libcrypto_utils \
+    libcrypto \
     libdiagnose_usb \
     liblog \
 
@@ -334,8 +334,8 @@
     libsquashfs_utils \
     libcutils \
     libbase \
-    libcrypto_utils_static \
-    libcrypto_static \
+    libcrypto_utils \
+    libcrypto \
     libminijail \
     libdebuggerd_client \
 
diff --git a/adb/sysdeps_win32.cpp b/adb/sysdeps_win32.cpp
index ee27406..109a548 100644
--- a/adb/sysdeps_win32.cpp
+++ b/adb/sysdeps_win32.cpp
@@ -952,7 +952,7 @@
         _socket_set_errno(err);
         return -1;
     }
-    std::unique_ptr<struct addrinfo, decltype(freeaddrinfo)*> addrinfo(addrinfo_ptr, freeaddrinfo);
+    std::unique_ptr<struct addrinfo, decltype(&freeaddrinfo)> addrinfo(addrinfo_ptr, freeaddrinfo);
     addrinfo_ptr = nullptr;
 
     // TODO: Try all the addresses if there's more than one? This just uses
diff --git a/fs_mgr/Android.mk b/fs_mgr/Android.mk
index 7da3ca4..d6b699b 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/Android.mk
+++ b/fs_mgr/Android.mk
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
     libfec \
     libfec_rs \
     libbase \
-    libcrypto_utils_static \
-    libcrypto_static \
+    libcrypto_utils \
+    libcrypto \
     libext4_utils_static \
     libsquashfs_utils \
     libselinux
diff --git a/init/Android.mk b/init/Android.mk
index 7aa3c3f..5888456 100644
--- a/init/Android.mk
+++ b/init/Android.mk
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@
     libc \
     libselinux \
     liblog \
-    libcrypto_utils_static \
-    libcrypto_static \
+    libcrypto_utils \
+    libcrypto \
     libc++_static \
     libdl \
     libsparse_static \
diff --git a/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp b/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca7bd31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "libcrypto_utils",
+    host_supported: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "android_pubkey.c",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Wextra",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-std=c99",
+    ],
+    local_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    shared_libs: ["libcrypto"],
+    target: {
+        windows: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
+    },
+}
diff --git a/libcrypto_utils/Android.mk b/libcrypto_utils/Android.mk
deleted file mode 100644
index b6d2204..0000000
--- a/libcrypto_utils/Android.mk
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-#
-# Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-#
-
-LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
-LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcrypto
-include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
-LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcrypto
-include $(BUILD_HOST_SHARED_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils_static
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
-LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto
-include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils_static
-LOCAL_MODULE_HOST_OS := darwin linux windows
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
-LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_static
-include $(BUILD_HOST_STATIC_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(call all-makefiles-under,$(LOCAL_PATH))
diff --git a/libutils/SharedBuffer.cpp b/libutils/SharedBuffer.cpp
index f3d6d8f..dc96aef 100644
--- a/libutils/SharedBuffer.cpp
+++ b/libutils/SharedBuffer.cpp
@@ -114,8 +114,9 @@
 int32_t SharedBuffer::release(uint32_t flags) const
 {
     int32_t prev = 1;
-    if (onlyOwner() || ((prev = mRefs.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_release) == 1)
-            && (atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire), true))) {
+    if (onlyOwner()
+            || (((prev = mRefs.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_release)) == 1)
+                && (atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire), true))) {
         mRefs.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
         if ((flags & eKeepStorage) == 0) {
             free(const_cast<SharedBuffer*>(this));
diff --git a/logcat/logcat.cpp b/logcat/logcat.cpp
index 5bac717..7e2bac7 100644
--- a/logcat/logcat.cpp
+++ b/logcat/logcat.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <string>
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <cutils/sched_policy.h>
 #include <cutils/sockets.h>
@@ -109,29 +110,27 @@
             (g_maxRotatedLogs > 0) ? (int) (floor(log10(g_maxRotatedLogs) + 1)) : 0;
 
     for (int i = g_maxRotatedLogs ; i > 0 ; i--) {
-        char *file0, *file1;
+        std::string file1 = android::base::StringPrintf(
+            "%s.%.*d", g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i);
 
-        asprintf(&file1, "%s.%.*d", g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i);
-
+        std::string file0;
         if (i - 1 == 0) {
-            asprintf(&file0, "%s", g_outputFileName);
+            file0 = android::base::StringPrintf("%s", g_outputFileName);
         } else {
-            asprintf(&file0, "%s.%.*d", g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i - 1);
+            file0 = android::base::StringPrintf(
+                "%s.%.*d", g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i - 1);
         }
 
-        if (!file0 || !file1) {
+        if ((file0.length() == 0) || (file1.length() == 0)) {
             perror("while rotating log files");
             break;
         }
 
-        err = rename(file0, file1);
+        err = rename(file0.c_str(), file1.c_str());
 
         if (err < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
             perror("while rotating log files");
         }
-
-        free(file1);
-        free(file0);
     }
 
     g_outFD = openLogFile(g_outputFileName);
@@ -231,13 +230,15 @@
     }
 }
 
-static void setupOutput()
-{
-
+static void setupOutputAndSchedulingPolicy(bool blocking) {
     if (g_outputFileName == NULL) {
         g_outFD = STDOUT_FILENO;
+        return;
+    }
 
-    } else {
+    if (blocking) {
+        // Lower priority and set to batch scheduling if we are saving
+        // the logs into files and taking continuous content.
         if (set_sched_policy(0, SP_BACKGROUND) < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "failed to set background scheduling policy\n");
         }
@@ -251,26 +252,26 @@
         if (setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, ANDROID_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND) < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "failed set to priority\n");
         }
-
-        g_outFD = openLogFile (g_outputFileName);
-
-        if (g_outFD < 0) {
-            logcat_panic(false, "couldn't open output file");
-        }
-
-        struct stat statbuf;
-        if (fstat(g_outFD, &statbuf) == -1) {
-            close(g_outFD);
-            logcat_panic(false, "couldn't get output file stat\n");
-        }
-
-        if ((size_t) statbuf.st_size > SIZE_MAX || statbuf.st_size < 0) {
-            close(g_outFD);
-            logcat_panic(false, "invalid output file stat\n");
-        }
-
-        g_outByteCount = statbuf.st_size;
     }
+
+    g_outFD = openLogFile (g_outputFileName);
+
+    if (g_outFD < 0) {
+        logcat_panic(false, "couldn't open output file");
+    }
+
+    struct stat statbuf;
+    if (fstat(g_outFD, &statbuf) == -1) {
+        close(g_outFD);
+        logcat_panic(false, "couldn't get output file stat\n");
+    }
+
+    if ((size_t) statbuf.st_size > SIZE_MAX || statbuf.st_size < 0) {
+        close(g_outFD);
+        logcat_panic(false, "invalid output file stat\n");
+    }
+
+    g_outByteCount = statbuf.st_size;
 }
 
 static void show_help(const char *cmd)
@@ -284,6 +285,8 @@
                     "                  Rotate log every kbytes. Requires -f option\n"
                     "  -n <count>, --rotate-count=<count>\n"
                     "                  Sets max number of rotated logs to <count>, default 4\n"
+                    "  --id=<id>       If the signature id for logging to file changes, then clear\n"
+                    "                  the fileset and continue\n"
                     "  -v <format>, --format=<format>\n"
                     "                  Sets log print format verb and adverbs, where <format> is:\n"
                     "                    brief long process raw tag thread threadtime time\n"
@@ -443,7 +446,7 @@
     return t.strptime(cp, "%s.%q");
 }
 
-// Find last logged line in gestalt of all matching existing output files
+// Find last logged line in <outputFileName>, or <outputFileName>.1
 static log_time lastLogTime(char *outputFileName) {
     log_time retval(log_time::EPOCH);
     if (!outputFileName) {
@@ -468,24 +471,18 @@
         return retval;
     }
 
-    clockid_t clock_type = android_log_clockid();
-    log_time now(clock_type);
-    bool monotonic = clock_type == CLOCK_MONOTONIC;
+    log_time now(android_log_clockid());
 
     size_t len = strlen(file);
     log_time modulo(0, NS_PER_SEC);
     struct dirent *dp;
 
     while ((dp = readdir(dir.get())) != NULL) {
-        if ((dp->d_type != DT_REG)
-                // If we are using realtime, check all files that match the
-                // basename for latest time. If we are using monotonic time
-                // then only check the main file because time cycles on
-                // every reboot.
-                || strncmp(dp->d_name, file, len + monotonic)
-                || (dp->d_name[len]
-                    && ((dp->d_name[len] != '.')
-                        || !isdigit(dp->d_name[len+1])))) {
+        if ((dp->d_type != DT_REG) ||
+                (strncmp(dp->d_name, file, len) != 0) ||
+                (dp->d_name[len] &&
+                     ((dp->d_name[len] != '.') ||
+                         (strtoll(dp->d_name + 1, NULL, 10) != 1)))) {
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -547,6 +544,7 @@
     unsigned long setLogSize = 0;
     int getPruneList = 0;
     char *setPruneList = NULL;
+    char *setId = NULL;
     int printStatistics = 0;
     int mode = ANDROID_LOG_RDONLY;
     const char *forceFilters = NULL;
@@ -574,6 +572,7 @@
         int option_index = 0;
         // list of long-argument only strings for later comparison
         static const char pid_str[] = "pid";
+        static const char id_str[] = "id";
         static const char wrap_str[] = "wrap";
         static const char print_str[] = "print";
         static const struct option long_options[] = {
@@ -588,6 +587,7 @@
           { "grep",          required_argument, NULL,   'e' },
           // hidden and undocumented reserved alias for --max-count
           { "head",          required_argument, NULL,   'm' },
+          { id_str,          required_argument, NULL,   0 },
           { "last",          no_argument,       NULL,   'L' },
           { "max-count",     required_argument, NULL,   'm' },
           { pid_str,         required_argument, NULL,   0 },
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@
 
         switch (ret) {
             case 0:
-                // One of the long options
+                // only long options
                 if (long_options[option_index].name == pid_str) {
                     // ToDo: determine runtime PID_MAX?
                     if (!getSizeTArg(optarg, &pid, 1)) {
@@ -644,6 +644,10 @@
                     g_printItAnyways = true;
                     break;
                 }
+                if (long_options[option_index].name == id_str) {
+                    setId = optarg && optarg[0] ? optarg : NULL;
+                    break;
+                }
             break;
 
             case 's':
@@ -657,7 +661,7 @@
             break;
 
             case 'L':
-                mode |= ANDROID_LOG_PSTORE;
+                mode |= ANDROID_LOG_RDONLY | ANDROID_LOG_PSTORE | ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK;
             break;
 
             case 'd':
@@ -968,7 +972,20 @@
         logcat_panic(true, "-r requires -f as well\n");
     }
 
-    setupOutput();
+    if (setId != NULL) {
+        if (g_outputFileName == NULL) {
+            logcat_panic(true, "--id='%s' requires -f as well\n", setId);
+        }
+
+        std::string file_name = android::base::StringPrintf("%s.id", g_outputFileName);
+        std::string file;
+        bool file_ok = android::base::ReadFileToString(file_name, &file);
+        android::base::WriteStringToFile(setId, file_name,
+                                         S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, getuid(), getgid());
+        if (!file_ok || (file.compare(setId) == 0)) {
+            setId = NULL;
+        }
+    }
 
     if (hasSetLogFormat == 0) {
         const char* logFormat = getenv("ANDROID_PRINTF_LOG");
@@ -1034,34 +1051,33 @@
             continue;
         }
 
-        if (clearLog) {
+        if (clearLog || setId) {
             if (g_outputFileName) {
                 int maxRotationCountDigits =
                     (g_maxRotatedLogs > 0) ? (int) (floor(log10(g_maxRotatedLogs) + 1)) : 0;
 
                 for (int i = g_maxRotatedLogs ; i >= 0 ; --i) {
-                    char *file;
+                    std::string file;
 
                     if (i == 0) {
-                        asprintf(&file, "%s", g_outputFileName);
+                        file = android::base::StringPrintf("%s", g_outputFileName);
                     } else {
-                        asprintf(&file, "%s.%.*d", g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i);
+                        file = android::base::StringPrintf("%s.%.*d",
+                            g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i);
                     }
 
-                    if (!file) {
+                    if (file.length() == 0) {
                         perror("while clearing log files");
                         clearFail = clearFail ?: dev->device;
                         break;
                     }
 
-                    err = unlink(file);
+                    err = unlink(file.c_str());
 
                     if (err < 0 && errno != ENOENT && clearFail == NULL) {
                         perror("while clearing log files");
                         clearFail = dev->device;
                     }
-
-                    free(file);
                 }
             } else if (android_logger_clear(dev->logger)) {
                 clearFail = clearFail ?: dev->device;
@@ -1177,7 +1193,6 @@
         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
     }
 
-
     if (getLogSize) {
         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
     }
@@ -1188,6 +1203,8 @@
         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
     }
 
+    setupOutputAndSchedulingPolicy((mode & ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK) == 0);
+
     //LOG_EVENT_INT(10, 12345);
     //LOG_EVENT_LONG(11, 0x1122334455667788LL);
     //LOG_EVENT_STRING(0, "whassup, doc?");
diff --git a/logcat/logcatd.rc b/logcat/logcatd.rc
index ce1a451..1da1942 100644
--- a/logcat/logcatd.rc
+++ b/logcat/logcatd.rc
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
     # all exec/services are called with umask(077), so no gain beyond 0700
     mkdir /data/misc/logd 0700 logd log
     # logd for write to /data/misc/logd, log group for read from pstore (-L)
-    exec - logd log -- /system/bin/logcat -L -b ${logd.logpersistd.buffer:-all} -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n ${logd.logpersistd.size:-256}
+    exec - logd log -- /system/bin/logcat -L -b ${logd.logpersistd.buffer:-all} -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n ${logd.logpersistd.size:-256} --id=${ro.build.id}
     start logcatd
 
 # stop logcatd service and clear data
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
     stop logcatd
 
 # logcatd service
-service logcatd /system/bin/logcat -b ${logd.logpersistd.buffer:-all} -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n ${logd.logpersistd.size:-256}
+service logcatd /system/bin/logcat -b ${logd.logpersistd.buffer:-all} -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n ${logd.logpersistd.size:-256} --id=${ro.build.id}
     class late_start
     disabled
     # logd for write to /data/misc/logd, log group for read from log daemon
diff --git a/logcat/logpersist b/logcat/logpersist
index f0e7d42..c09b6b2 100755
--- a/logcat/logpersist
+++ b/logcat/logpersist
@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@
    ;;
 esac
 
+log_uid=logd
 log_tag_property=persist.log.tag
-data=/data/misc/logd
+data=/data/misc/logd/logcat
 service=logcatd
 size_default=256
 buffer_default=all
@@ -74,11 +75,12 @@
   if [ -n "${size}${buffer}" -o "true" = "${clear}" ]; then
     echo WARNING: Can not use --clear, --size or --buffer with ${progname%.*}.cat >&2
   fi
-  su logd ls "${data}" |
+  su ${log_uid} ls "${data%/*}" |
   tr -d '\r' |
   sort -ru |
-  sed "s#^#${data}/#" |
-  su logd xargs cat
+  sed "s#^#${data%/*}/#" |
+  grep "${data}[.]*[0-9]*\$" |
+  su ${log_uid} xargs cat
   ;;
 *.start)
   current_buffer="`getprop ${property#persist.}.buffer`"
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@
   sleep 1
   getprop ${property#persist.}
   # also generate an error return code if not found running
-  pgrep -u ${data##*/} ${service%d}
+  pgrep -u ${log_uid} ${service%d}
   ;;
 *.stop)
   if [ -n "${size}${buffer}" ]; then
@@ -171,6 +173,6 @@
 
 if [ X"${log_tag}" != X"`getprop ${log_tag_property}`" ] ||
    [ X"${logd_logpersistd}" != X"`getprop ${property}`" ]; then
-  echo "WARNING: killing Settings" >&2
+  echo "WARNING: killing Settings application to pull in new values" >&2
   am force-stop com.android.settings
 fi
diff --git a/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp b/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp
index 0043d1b..3daee13 100644
--- a/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp
+++ b/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 
@@ -848,6 +849,75 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(system(command));
 }
 
+static int logrotate_count_id(const char *logcat_cmd, const char *tmp_out_dir) {
+
+    static const char log_filename[] = "log.txt";
+    char command[strlen(tmp_out_dir) + strlen(logcat_cmd) + strlen(log_filename) + 32];
+
+    snprintf(command, sizeof(command), logcat_cmd, tmp_out_dir, log_filename);
+
+    int ret;
+    EXPECT_FALSE((ret = system(command)));
+    if (ret) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(tmp_out_dir), closedir);
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, dir);
+    if (!dir) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    struct dirent *entry;
+    int count = 0;
+    while ((entry = readdir(dir.get()))) {
+        if (strncmp(entry->d_name, log_filename, sizeof(log_filename) - 1)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        ++count;
+    }
+    return count;
+}
+
+TEST(logcat, logrotate_id) {
+    static const char logcat_cmd[] = "logcat -b all -d -f %s/%s -n 32 -r 1 --id=test";
+    static const char logcat_short_cmd[] = "logcat -b all -t 10 -f %s/%s -n 32 -r 1 --id=test";
+    static const char tmp_out_dir_form[] = "/data/local/tmp/logcat.logrotate.XXXXXX";
+    static const char log_filename[] = "log.txt";
+    char tmp_out_dir[strlen(tmp_out_dir_form) + 1];
+    ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != mkdtemp(strcpy(tmp_out_dir, tmp_out_dir_form)));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(34, logrotate_count_id(logcat_cmd, tmp_out_dir));
+    EXPECT_EQ(34, logrotate_count_id(logcat_short_cmd, tmp_out_dir));
+
+    char id_file[strlen(tmp_out_dir_form) + strlen(log_filename) + 5];
+    snprintf(id_file, sizeof(id_file), "%s/%s.id", tmp_out_dir, log_filename);
+    if (getuid() != 0) {
+        chmod(id_file, 0);
+        EXPECT_EQ(34, logrotate_count_id(logcat_short_cmd, tmp_out_dir));
+    }
+    unlink(id_file);
+    EXPECT_EQ(34, logrotate_count_id(logcat_short_cmd, tmp_out_dir));
+
+    FILE *fp = fopen(id_file, "w");
+    if (fp) {
+        fprintf(fp, "not_a_test");
+        fclose(fp);
+    }
+    if (getuid() != 0) {
+        chmod(id_file, 0); // API to preserve content even with signature change
+        ASSERT_EQ(34, logrotate_count_id(logcat_short_cmd, tmp_out_dir));
+        chmod(id_file, 0600);
+    }
+
+    int new_signature;
+    EXPECT_LE(2, (new_signature = logrotate_count_id(logcat_short_cmd, tmp_out_dir)));
+    EXPECT_GT(34, new_signature);
+
+    static const char cleanup_cmd[] = "rm -rf %s";
+    char command[strlen(cleanup_cmd) + strlen(tmp_out_dir_form)];
+    snprintf(command, sizeof(command), cleanup_cmd, tmp_out_dir);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(system(command));
+}
+
 TEST(logcat, logrotate_nodir) {
     // expect logcat to error out on writing content and exit(1) for nodir
     EXPECT_EQ(W_EXITCODE(1, 0),