diff --git a/adb/Android.mk b/adb/Android.mk
index f1d3bee..6693619 100644
--- a/adb/Android.mk
+++ b/adb/Android.mk
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
 
 # Even though we're building a static library (and thus there's no link step for
 # this to take effect), this adds the includes to our path.
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libbase
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils_static libcrypto_static libbase
 
 include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
 
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
 
 # Even though we're building a static library (and thus there's no link step for
 # this to take effect), this adds the includes to our path.
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_static libbase
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils_static libcrypto_static libbase
 
 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES_windows := development/host/windows/usb/api/
 LOCAL_MULTILIB := first
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@
     shell_service_test.cpp \
 
 LOCAL_SANITIZE := $(adb_target_sanitize)
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libadbd
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libadbd libcrypto_utils_static libcrypto_static
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog libbase libcutils
 include $(BUILD_NATIVE_TEST)
 
@@ -191,6 +191,7 @@
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libbase
 LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
     libadb \
+    libcrypto_utils_static \
     libcrypto_static \
     libcutils \
     libdiagnose_usb \
@@ -219,7 +220,7 @@
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := test_track_devices.cpp
 LOCAL_SANITIZE := $(adb_host_sanitize)
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libbase
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libadb libcrypto_static libcutils
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libadb libcrypto_utils_static libcrypto_static libcutils
 LOCAL_LDLIBS += -lrt -ldl -lpthread
 include $(BUILD_HOST_EXECUTABLE)
 endif
@@ -271,6 +272,7 @@
 LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
     libadb \
     libbase \
+    libcrypto_utils_static \
     libcrypto_static \
     libdiagnose_usb \
     liblog \
@@ -342,11 +344,11 @@
     libfec_rs \
     libselinux \
     liblog \
-    libmincrypt \
     libext4_utils_static \
     libsquashfs_utils \
     libcutils \
     libbase \
+    libcrypto_utils_static \
     libcrypto_static \
     libminijail
 
diff --git a/adb/adb.cpp b/adb/adb.cpp
index e0c0503..49d2936 100644
--- a/adb/adb.cpp
+++ b/adb/adb.cpp
@@ -353,7 +353,8 @@
                 send_auth_publickey(t);
             }
         } else if (p->msg.arg0 == ADB_AUTH_SIGNATURE) {
-            if (adb_auth_verify(t->token, p->data, p->msg.data_length)) {
+            if (adb_auth_verify(t->token, sizeof(t->token),
+                                p->data, p->msg.data_length)) {
                 adb_auth_verified(t);
                 t->failed_auth_attempts = 0;
             } else {
diff --git a/adb/adb_auth.h b/adb/adb_auth.h
index a13604a..1ab5e1a 100644
--- a/adb/adb_auth.h
+++ b/adb/adb_auth.h
@@ -43,9 +43,15 @@
 void *adb_auth_nextkey(void *current);
 int adb_auth_get_userkey(unsigned char *data, size_t len);
 
-static inline int adb_auth_generate_token(void *token, size_t token_size) { return 0; }
-static inline int adb_auth_verify(void *token, void *sig, int siglen) { return 0; }
-static inline void adb_auth_confirm_key(unsigned char *data, size_t len, atransport *t) { }
+static inline int adb_auth_generate_token(void *token, size_t token_size) {
+    return 0;
+}
+static inline int adb_auth_verify(void *token, size_t token_size,
+                                  void *sig, int siglen) {
+    return 0;
+}
+static inline void adb_auth_confirm_key(unsigned char *data, size_t len,
+                                        atransport *t) {}
 
 #else // !ADB_HOST
 
@@ -54,12 +60,15 @@
     return 0;
 }
 static inline void *adb_auth_nextkey(void *current) { return NULL; }
-static inline int adb_auth_get_userkey(unsigned char *data, size_t len) { return 0; }
+static inline int adb_auth_get_userkey(unsigned char *data, size_t len) {
+    return 0;
+}
 
 void adbd_auth_init(void);
 void adbd_cloexec_auth_socket();
 int adb_auth_generate_token(void *token, size_t token_size);
-int adb_auth_verify(uint8_t* token, uint8_t* sig, int siglen);
+int adb_auth_verify(uint8_t* token, size_t token_size,
+                    uint8_t* sig, int siglen);
 void adb_auth_confirm_key(unsigned char *data, size_t len, atransport *t);
 
 #endif // ADB_HOST
diff --git a/adb/adb_auth_client.cpp b/adb/adb_auth_client.cpp
index 128c3df..415ab8e 100644
--- a/adb/adb_auth_client.cpp
+++ b/adb/adb_auth_client.cpp
@@ -23,10 +23,14 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include <openssl/obj_mac.h>
+#include <openssl/rsa.h>
+#include <openssl/sha.h>
+
+#include <crypto_utils/android_pubkey.h>
+
 #include "cutils/list.h"
 #include "cutils/sockets.h"
-#include "mincrypt/rsa.h"
-#include "mincrypt/sha.h"
 
 #include "adb.h"
 #include "fdevent.h"
@@ -34,7 +38,7 @@
 
 struct adb_public_key {
     struct listnode node;
-    RSAPublicKey key;
+    RSA* key;
 };
 
 static const char *key_paths[] = {
@@ -66,9 +70,8 @@
     }
 
     while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) {
-        /* Allocate 4 extra bytes to decode the base64 data in-place */
         auto key = reinterpret_cast<adb_public_key*>(
-            calloc(1, sizeof(adb_public_key) + 4));
+            calloc(1, sizeof(adb_public_key)));
         if (key == nullptr) {
             D("Can't malloc key");
             break;
@@ -78,15 +81,18 @@
         if (sep)
             *sep = '\0';
 
-        ret = __b64_pton(buf, (u_char *)&key->key, sizeof(key->key) + 4);
-        if (ret != sizeof(key->key)) {
+        // b64_pton requires one additional byte in the target buffer for
+        // decoding to succeed. See http://b/28035006 for details.
+        uint8_t keybuf[ANDROID_PUBKEY_ENCODED_SIZE + 1];
+        ret = __b64_pton(buf, keybuf, sizeof(keybuf));
+        if (ret != ANDROID_PUBKEY_ENCODED_SIZE) {
             D("%s: Invalid base64 data ret=%d", file, ret);
             free(key);
             continue;
         }
 
-        if (key->key.len != RSANUMWORDS) {
-            D("%s: Invalid key len %d", file, key->key.len);
+        if (!android_pubkey_decode(keybuf, ret, &key->key)) {
+            D("%s: Failed to parse key", file);
             free(key);
             continue;
         }
@@ -104,7 +110,9 @@
     while (!list_empty(list)) {
         item = list_head(list);
         list_remove(item);
-        free(node_to_item(item, struct adb_public_key, node));
+        adb_public_key* key = node_to_item(item, struct adb_public_key, node);
+        RSA_free(key->key);
+        free(key);
     }
 }
 
@@ -139,20 +147,17 @@
     return ret * token_size;
 }
 
-int adb_auth_verify(uint8_t* token, uint8_t* sig, int siglen)
+int adb_auth_verify(uint8_t* token, size_t token_size, uint8_t* sig, int siglen)
 {
     struct listnode *item;
     struct listnode key_list;
     int ret = 0;
 
-    if (siglen != RSANUMBYTES)
-        return 0;
-
     load_keys(&key_list);
 
     list_for_each(item, &key_list) {
         adb_public_key* key = node_to_item(item, struct adb_public_key, node);
-        ret = RSA_verify(&key->key, sig, siglen, token, SHA_DIGEST_SIZE);
+        ret = RSA_verify(NID_sha1, token, token_size, sig, siglen, key->key);
         if (ret)
             break;
     }
diff --git a/adb/adb_auth_host.cpp b/adb/adb_auth_host.cpp
index 8f154fd..ab641eb 100644
--- a/adb/adb_auth_host.cpp
+++ b/adb/adb_auth_host.cpp
@@ -37,14 +37,9 @@
 
 #include "adb.h"
 
-/* HACK: we need the RSAPublicKey struct
- * but RSA_verify conflits with openssl */
-#define RSA_verify RSA_verify_mincrypt
-#include "mincrypt/rsa.h"
-#undef RSA_verify
-
 #include <android-base/errors.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <crypto_utils/android_pubkey.h>
 #include <cutils/list.h>
 
 #include <openssl/evp.h>
@@ -68,54 +63,6 @@
 static struct listnode key_list;
 
 
-/* Convert OpenSSL RSA private key to android pre-computed RSAPublicKey format */
-static int RSA_to_RSAPublicKey(RSA *rsa, RSAPublicKey *pkey)
-{
-    int ret = 1;
-    unsigned int i;
-
-    BN_CTX* ctx = BN_CTX_new();
-    BIGNUM* r32 = BN_new();
-    BIGNUM* rr = BN_new();
-    BIGNUM* r = BN_new();
-    BIGNUM* rem = BN_new();
-    BIGNUM* n = BN_new();
-    BIGNUM* n0inv = BN_new();
-
-    if (RSA_size(rsa) != RSANUMBYTES) {
-        ret = 0;
-        goto out;
-    }
-
-    BN_set_bit(r32, 32);
-    BN_copy(n, rsa->n);
-    BN_set_bit(r, RSANUMWORDS * 32);
-    BN_mod_sqr(rr, r, n, ctx);
-    BN_div(NULL, rem, n, r32, ctx);
-    BN_mod_inverse(n0inv, rem, r32, ctx);
-
-    pkey->len = RSANUMWORDS;
-    pkey->n0inv = 0 - BN_get_word(n0inv);
-    for (i = 0; i < RSANUMWORDS; i++) {
-        BN_div(rr, rem, rr, r32, ctx);
-        pkey->rr[i] = BN_get_word(rem);
-        BN_div(n, rem, n, r32, ctx);
-        pkey->n[i] = BN_get_word(rem);
-    }
-    pkey->exponent = BN_get_word(rsa->e);
-
-out:
-    BN_free(n0inv);
-    BN_free(n);
-    BN_free(rem);
-    BN_free(r);
-    BN_free(rr);
-    BN_free(r32);
-    BN_CTX_free(ctx);
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
 static void get_user_info(char *buf, size_t len)
 {
     char hostname[1024], username[1024];
@@ -156,53 +103,55 @@
 
 static int write_public_keyfile(RSA *private_key, const char *private_key_path)
 {
-    RSAPublicKey pkey;
+    uint8_t binary_key_data[ANDROID_PUBKEY_ENCODED_SIZE];
+    uint8_t* base64_key_data = nullptr;
+    size_t base64_key_length = 0;
     FILE *outfile = NULL;
     char path[PATH_MAX], info[MAX_PAYLOAD_V1];
-    uint8_t* encoded = nullptr;
-    size_t encoded_length;
     int ret = 0;
 
-    if (snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s.pub", private_key_path) >=
-        (int)sizeof(path)) {
-        D("Path too long while writing public key");
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    if (!RSA_to_RSAPublicKey(private_key, &pkey)) {
+    if (!android_pubkey_encode(private_key, binary_key_data,
+                               sizeof(binary_key_data))) {
         D("Failed to convert to publickey");
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    outfile = fopen(path, "w");
-    if (!outfile) {
-        D("Failed to open '%s'", path);
-        return 0;
+        goto out;
     }
 
     D("Writing public key to '%s'", path);
 
 #if defined(OPENSSL_IS_BORINGSSL)
-    if (!EVP_EncodedLength(&encoded_length, sizeof(pkey))) {
+    if (!EVP_EncodedLength(&base64_key_length, sizeof(binary_key_data))) {
         D("Public key too large to base64 encode");
         goto out;
     }
 #else
     /* While we switch from OpenSSL to BoringSSL we have to implement
      * |EVP_EncodedLength| here. */
-    encoded_length = 1 + ((sizeof(pkey) + 2) / 3 * 4);
+    base64_key_length = 1 + ((sizeof(binary_key_data) + 2) / 3 * 4);
 #endif
 
-    encoded = new uint8_t[encoded_length];
-    if (encoded == nullptr) {
+    base64_key_data = new uint8_t[base64_key_length];
+    if (base64_key_data == nullptr) {
         D("Allocation failure");
         goto out;
     }
 
-    encoded_length = EVP_EncodeBlock(encoded, (uint8_t*) &pkey, sizeof(pkey));
+    base64_key_length = EVP_EncodeBlock(base64_key_data, binary_key_data,
+                                        sizeof(binary_key_data));
     get_user_info(info, sizeof(info));
 
-    if (fwrite(encoded, encoded_length, 1, outfile) != 1 ||
+    if (snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s.pub", private_key_path) >=
+        (int)sizeof(path)) {
+        D("Path too long while writing public key");
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    outfile = fopen(path, "w");
+    if (!outfile) {
+        D("Failed to open '%s'", path);
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    if (fwrite(base64_key_data, base64_key_length, 1, outfile) != 1 ||
         fwrite(info, strlen(info), 1, outfile) != 1) {
         D("Write error while writing public key");
         goto out;
@@ -214,7 +163,7 @@
     if (outfile != NULL) {
         fclose(outfile);
     }
-    delete[] encoded;
+    delete[] base64_key_data;
     return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/adb/adb_io_test.cpp b/adb/adb_io_test.cpp
index 21a82e8..611b239 100644
--- a/adb/adb_io_test.cpp
+++ b/adb/adb_io_test.cpp
@@ -37,7 +37,13 @@
 // fds far from the range that open() returns. But all of that might defeat the
 // purpose of the tests.
 
-TEST(io, ReadFdExactly_whole) {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#define POSIX_TEST(x,y) TEST(DISABLED_ ## x,y)
+#else
+#define POSIX_TEST TEST
+#endif
+
+POSIX_TEST(io, ReadFdExactly_whole) {
   const char expected[] = "Foobar";
   TemporaryFile tf;
   ASSERT_NE(-1, tf.fd);
@@ -51,7 +57,7 @@
   EXPECT_STREQ(expected, buf);
 }
 
-TEST(io, ReadFdExactly_eof) {
+POSIX_TEST(io, ReadFdExactly_eof) {
   const char expected[] = "Foobar";
   TemporaryFile tf;
   ASSERT_NE(-1, tf.fd);
@@ -65,7 +71,7 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(0, errno) << strerror(errno);
 }
 
-TEST(io, ReadFdExactly_partial) {
+POSIX_TEST(io, ReadFdExactly_partial) {
   const char input[] = "Foobar";
   TemporaryFile tf;
   ASSERT_NE(-1, tf.fd);
@@ -82,7 +88,7 @@
   EXPECT_STREQ(expected.c_str(), buf);
 }
 
-TEST(io, WriteFdExactly_whole) {
+POSIX_TEST(io, WriteFdExactly_whole) {
   const char expected[] = "Foobar";
   TemporaryFile tf;
   ASSERT_NE(-1, tf.fd);
@@ -97,7 +103,7 @@
   EXPECT_STREQ(expected, s.c_str());
 }
 
-TEST(io, WriteFdExactly_partial) {
+POSIX_TEST(io, WriteFdExactly_partial) {
   const char buf[] = "Foobar";
   TemporaryFile tf;
   ASSERT_NE(-1, tf.fd);
@@ -114,7 +120,7 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(expected, s);
 }
 
-TEST(io, WriteFdExactly_ENOSPC) {
+POSIX_TEST(io, WriteFdExactly_ENOSPC) {
     int fd = open("/dev/full", O_WRONLY);
     ASSERT_NE(-1, fd);
 
@@ -123,7 +129,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(ENOSPC, errno);
 }
 
-TEST(io, WriteFdExactly_string) {
+POSIX_TEST(io, WriteFdExactly_string) {
   const char str[] = "Foobar";
   TemporaryFile tf;
   ASSERT_NE(-1, tf.fd);
@@ -137,7 +143,7 @@
   EXPECT_STREQ(str, s.c_str());
 }
 
-TEST(io, WriteFdFmt) {
+POSIX_TEST(io, WriteFdFmt) {
     TemporaryFile tf;
     ASSERT_NE(-1, tf.fd);
 
diff --git a/adb/commandline.cpp b/adb/commandline.cpp
index 39fe3c4..6d3c696 100644
--- a/adb/commandline.cpp
+++ b/adb/commandline.cpp
@@ -1660,6 +1660,11 @@
     else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "exec-in") || !strcmp(argv[0], "exec-out")) {
         int exec_in = !strcmp(argv[0], "exec-in");
 
+        if (argc < 2) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Usage: adb %s command\n", argv[0]);
+            return 1;
+        }
+
         std::string cmd = "exec:";
         cmd += argv[1];
         argc -= 2;
diff --git a/adb/daemon/main.cpp b/adb/daemon/main.cpp
index 4721e2f..7f40b96 100644
--- a/adb/daemon/main.cpp
+++ b/adb/daemon/main.cpp
@@ -43,24 +43,15 @@
 
 static const char* root_seclabel = nullptr;
 
-static void drop_capabilities_bounding_set_if_needed() {
-#ifdef ALLOW_ADBD_ROOT
+static void drop_capabilities_bounding_set_if_needed(struct minijail *j) {
+#if defined(ALLOW_ADBD_ROOT)
     char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
     property_get("ro.debuggable", value, "");
     if (strcmp(value, "1") == 0) {
         return;
     }
 #endif
-    for (int i = 0; prctl(PR_CAPBSET_READ, i, 0, 0, 0) >= 0; i++) {
-        if (i == CAP_SETUID || i == CAP_SETGID) {
-            // CAP_SETUID CAP_SETGID needed by /system/bin/run-as
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        if (prctl(PR_CAPBSET_DROP, i, 0, 0, 0) == -1) {
-            PLOG(FATAL) << "Could not drop capabilities";
-        }
-    }
+    minijail_capbset_drop(j, CAP_TO_MASK(CAP_SETUID) | CAP_TO_MASK(CAP_SETGID));
 }
 
 static bool should_drop_privileges() {
@@ -131,7 +122,7 @@
     // Don't listen on a port (default 5037) if running in secure mode.
     // Don't run as root if running in secure mode.
     if (should_drop_privileges()) {
-        drop_capabilities_bounding_set_if_needed();
+        drop_capabilities_bounding_set_if_needed(jail.get());
 
         minijail_change_gid(jail.get(), AID_SHELL);
         minijail_change_uid(jail.get(), AID_SHELL);
diff --git a/adb/fdevent.cpp b/adb/fdevent.cpp
index 902548e..04cd865 100644
--- a/adb/fdevent.cpp
+++ b/adb/fdevent.cpp
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
   fdevent* fde;
   adb_pollfd pollfd;
 
-  PollNode(fdevent* fde) : fde(fde) {
+  explicit PollNode(fdevent* fde) : fde(fde) {
       memset(&pollfd, 0, sizeof(pollfd));
       pollfd.fd = fde->fd;
 
diff --git a/adb/fdevent_test.h b/adb/fdevent_test.h
index c853bce..ef65b74 100644
--- a/adb/fdevent_test.h
+++ b/adb/fdevent_test.h
@@ -49,6 +49,16 @@
         dummy = dummy_fds[0];
     }
 
+    size_t GetAdditionalLocalSocketCount() {
+#if ADB_HOST
+        // dummy socket installed in PrepareThread()
+        return 1;
+#else
+        // dummy socket and one more socket installed in fdevent_subproc_setup()
+        return 2;
+#endif
+    }
+
     void TerminateThread(adb_thread_t thread) {
         fdevent_terminate_loop();
         ASSERT_TRUE(WriteFdExactly(dummy, "", 1));
diff --git a/adb/shell_service.cpp b/adb/shell_service.cpp
index ce10708..3eeed34 100644
--- a/adb/shell_service.cpp
+++ b/adb/shell_service.cpp
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@
         char** current = environ;
         while (char* env_cstr = *current++) {
             std::string env_string = env_cstr;
-            char* delimiter = strchr(env_string.c_str(), '=');
+            char* delimiter = strchr(&env_string[0], '=');
 
             // Drop any values that don't contain '='.
             if (delimiter) {
diff --git a/adb/socket.h b/adb/socket.h
index 9eb1b19..4acdf4a 100644
--- a/adb/socket.h
+++ b/adb/socket.h
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
 namespace internal {
 
 #if ADB_HOST
-char* skip_host_serial(const char* service);
+char* skip_host_serial(char* service);
 #endif
 
 }  // namespace internal
diff --git a/adb/socket_test.cpp b/adb/socket_test.cpp
index 5cbef6d..d2ce2d8 100644
--- a/adb/socket_test.cpp
+++ b/adb/socket_test.cpp
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@
     fdevent_loop();
 }
 
+const size_t SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS = 100;
+
 TEST_F(LocalSocketTest, smoke) {
     // Join two socketpairs with a chain of intermediate socketpairs.
     int first[2];
@@ -99,7 +101,8 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(0, adb_close(last[1]));
 
     // Wait until the local sockets are closed.
-    adb_sleep_ms(100);
+    adb_sleep_ms(SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GetAdditionalLocalSocketCount(), fdevent_installed_count());
     TerminateThread(thread);
 }
 
@@ -151,12 +154,13 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(adb_thread_create(reinterpret_cast<void (*)(void*)>(CloseWithPacketThreadFunc),
                                   &arg, &thread));
     // Wait until the fdevent_loop() starts.
-    adb_sleep_ms(100);
+    adb_sleep_ms(SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS);
     ASSERT_EQ(0, adb_close(cause_close_fd[0]));
-    adb_sleep_ms(100);
-    EXPECT_EQ(2u, fdevent_installed_count());
+    adb_sleep_ms(SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1u + GetAdditionalLocalSocketCount(), fdevent_installed_count());
     ASSERT_EQ(0, adb_close(socket_fd[0]));
-
+    adb_sleep_ms(SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GetAdditionalLocalSocketCount(), fdevent_installed_count());
     TerminateThread(thread);
 }
 
@@ -175,10 +179,10 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(adb_thread_create(reinterpret_cast<void (*)(void*)>(CloseWithPacketThreadFunc),
                                   &arg, &thread));
     // Wait until the fdevent_loop() starts.
-    adb_sleep_ms(100);
+    adb_sleep_ms(SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS);
     ASSERT_EQ(0, adb_close(cause_close_fd[0]));
-    adb_sleep_ms(100);
-    EXPECT_EQ(2u, fdevent_installed_count());
+    adb_sleep_ms(SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1u + GetAdditionalLocalSocketCount(), fdevent_installed_count());
 
     // Verify if we can read successfully.
     std::vector<char> buf(arg.bytes_written);
@@ -186,6 +190,8 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(true, ReadFdExactly(socket_fd[0], buf.data(), buf.size()));
     ASSERT_EQ(0, adb_close(socket_fd[0]));
 
+    adb_sleep_ms(SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GetAdditionalLocalSocketCount(), fdevent_installed_count());
     TerminateThread(thread);
 }
 
@@ -208,10 +214,12 @@
                                   &arg, &thread));
 
     // Wait until the fdevent_loop() starts.
-    adb_sleep_ms(100);
-    EXPECT_EQ(3u, fdevent_installed_count());
+    adb_sleep_ms(SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS);
+    EXPECT_EQ(2u + GetAdditionalLocalSocketCount(), fdevent_installed_count());
     ASSERT_EQ(0, adb_close(socket_fd[0]));
 
+    adb_sleep_ms(SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GetAdditionalLocalSocketCount(), fdevent_installed_count());
     TerminateThread(thread);
 }
 
@@ -260,12 +268,14 @@
                                   &arg, &thread));
 
     // Wait until the fdevent_loop() starts.
-    adb_sleep_ms(100);
-    EXPECT_EQ(2u, fdevent_installed_count());
+    adb_sleep_ms(SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1u + GetAdditionalLocalSocketCount(), fdevent_installed_count());
 
     // Wait until the client closes its socket.
     ASSERT_TRUE(adb_thread_join(client_thread));
 
+    adb_sleep_ms(SLEEP_FOR_FDEVENT_IN_MS);
+    ASSERT_EQ(GetAdditionalLocalSocketCount(), fdevent_installed_count());
     TerminateThread(thread);
 }
 
@@ -275,8 +285,8 @@
 
 // Checks that skip_host_serial(serial) returns a pointer to the part of |serial| which matches
 // |expected|, otherwise logs the failure to gtest.
-void VerifySkipHostSerial(const std::string& serial, const char* expected) {
-    const char* result = internal::skip_host_serial(serial.c_str());
+void VerifySkipHostSerial(std::string serial, const char* expected) {
+    char* result = internal::skip_host_serial(&serial[0]);
     if (expected == nullptr) {
         EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, result);
     } else {
diff --git a/adb/sockets.cpp b/adb/sockets.cpp
index c083ee1..aecaba2 100644
--- a/adb/sockets.cpp
+++ b/adb/sockets.cpp
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@
 // Where <port> must be a base-10 number and <prefix> may be any of {usb,product,model,device}.
 //
 // The returned pointer will point to the ':' just before <command>, or nullptr if not found.
-char* skip_host_serial(const char* service) {
+char* skip_host_serial(char* service) {
     static const std::vector<std::string>& prefixes =
         *(new std::vector<std::string>{"usb:", "product:", "model:", "device:"});
 
diff --git a/adb/sysdeps_test.cpp b/adb/sysdeps_test.cpp
index f0c334e..fde344a 100644
--- a/adb/sysdeps_test.cpp
+++ b/adb/sysdeps_test.cpp
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(sysdeps_poll, fd_count) {
     // https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=12141
-    static constexpr int num_sockets = 512;
+    static constexpr int num_sockets = 256;
     std::vector<int> sockets;
     std::vector<adb_pollfd> pfds;
     sockets.resize(num_sockets * 2);
diff --git a/adb/test_device.py b/adb/test_device.py
index 9dab3ae..2a3be88 100644
--- a/adb/test_device.py
+++ b/adb/test_device.py
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
         Raises:
           unittest.SkipTest: The device doesn't support exit codes.
         """
-        if self.device.SHELL_PROTOCOL_FEATURE not in self.device.features:
+        if not self.device.has_shell_protocol():
             raise unittest.SkipTest('exit codes are unavailable on this device')
 
         proc = subprocess.Popen(
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@
         a terminal stdin to test so this test will be skipped if stdin
         is not a terminal.
         """
-        if self.device.SHELL_PROTOCOL_FEATURE not in self.device.features:
+        if not self.device.has_shell_protocol():
             raise unittest.SkipTest('PTY arguments unsupported on this device')
         if not os.isatty(sys.stdin.fileno()):
             raise unittest.SkipTest('PTY tests require stdin terminal')
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@
 
         Bug: http://b/19734861
         """
-        if self.device.SHELL_PROTOCOL_FEATURE not in self.device.features:
+        if not self.device.has_shell_protocol():
             raise unittest.SkipTest('shell protocol unsupported on this device')
 
         # Shell protocol should be used by default.
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@
 
         Bug: http://b/23825725
         """
-        if self.device.SHELL_PROTOCOL_FEATURE not in self.device.features:
+        if not self.device.has_shell_protocol():
             raise unittest.SkipTest('shell protocol unsupported on this device')
 
         # Start a long-running process.
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@
 
     def test_non_interactive_stdin(self):
         """Tests that non-interactive shells send stdin."""
-        if self.device.SHELL_PROTOCOL_FEATURE not in self.device.features:
+        if not self.device.has_shell_protocol():
             raise unittest.SkipTest('non-interactive stdin unsupported '
                                     'on this device')
 
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/errors.h b/base/include/android-base/errors.h
index ca621fa..04c299c 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/errors.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/errors.h
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@
 // special handling to get the error string. Refer to Microsoft documentation
 // to determine which error code to check for each function.
 
-#ifndef BASE_ERRORS_H
-#define BASE_ERRORS_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_ERRORS_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_ERRORS_H
 
 #include <string>
 
@@ -43,4 +43,4 @@
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // BASE_ERRORS_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_ERRORS_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/file.h b/base/include/android-base/file.h
index 5342d98..aa18ea7 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/file.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/file.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef BASE_FILE_H
-#define BASE_FILE_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_FILE_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_FILE_H
 
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <string>
@@ -46,4 +46,4 @@
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // BASE_FILE_H
+#endif // ANDROID_BASE_FILE_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/logging.h b/base/include/android-base/logging.h
index c82f858..b86c232 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/logging.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/logging.h
@@ -13,8 +13,9 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-#ifndef BASE_LOGGING_H
-#define BASE_LOGGING_H
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_LOGGING_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_LOGGING_H
 
 // NOTE: For Windows, you must include logging.h after windows.h to allow the
 // following code to suppress the evil ERROR macro:
@@ -146,6 +147,14 @@
 #define UNIMPLEMENTED(level) \
   LOG(level) << __PRETTY_FUNCTION__ << " unimplemented "
 
+#ifdef __clang_analyzer__
+// ClangL static analyzer does not see the conditional statement inside
+// LogMessage's destructor that will abort on FATAL severity.
+#define ABORT_AFTER_LOG_FATAL for (;;abort())
+#else
+#define ABORT_AFTER_LOG_FATAL
+#endif
+
 // Check whether condition x holds and LOG(FATAL) if not. The value of the
 // expression x is only evaluated once. Extra logging can be appended using <<
 // after. For example:
@@ -154,6 +163,7 @@
 //       "Check failed: false == true".
 #define CHECK(x)                                                              \
   LIKELY((x)) ||                                                              \
+    ABORT_AFTER_LOG_FATAL                                                     \
     ::android::base::LogMessage(__FILE__, __LINE__, ::android::base::DEFAULT, \
                                 ::android::base::FATAL, -1).stream()          \
         << "Check failed: " #x << " "
@@ -163,6 +173,7 @@
   for (auto _values = ::android::base::MakeEagerEvaluator(LHS, RHS);        \
        UNLIKELY(!(_values.lhs OP _values.rhs));                             \
        /* empty */)                                                         \
+  ABORT_AFTER_LOG_FATAL                                                     \
   ::android::base::LogMessage(__FILE__, __LINE__, ::android::base::DEFAULT, \
                               ::android::base::FATAL, -1).stream()          \
       << "Check failed: " << #LHS << " " << #OP << " " << #RHS              \
@@ -186,6 +197,7 @@
   if (LIKELY((strcmp(s1, s2) == 0) == sense))                              \
     ;                                                                      \
   else                                                                     \
+    ABORT_AFTER_LOG_FATAL                                                  \
     LOG(FATAL) << "Check failed: "                                         \
                << "\"" << s1 << "\""                                       \
                << (sense ? " == " : " != ") << "\"" << s2 << "\""
@@ -200,6 +212,7 @@
     int rc = call args;                                                \
     if (rc != 0) {                                                     \
       errno = rc;                                                      \
+      ABORT_AFTER_LOG_FATAL                                            \
       PLOG(FATAL) << #call << " failed for " << what; \
     }                                                                  \
   } while (false)
@@ -334,4 +347,4 @@
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // BASE_LOGGING_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_LOGGING_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/macros.h b/base/include/android-base/macros.h
index b1ce7c6..299ec35 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/macros.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/macros.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef UTILS_MACROS_H
-#define UTILS_MACROS_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_MACROS_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_MACROS_H
 
 #include <stddef.h>  // for size_t
 #include <unistd.h>  // for TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY
@@ -123,8 +123,11 @@
   ((sizeof(a) / sizeof(*(a))) / \
     static_cast<size_t>(!(sizeof(a) % sizeof(*(a)))))
 
-#define LIKELY(x) __builtin_expect((x), true)
-#define UNLIKELY(x) __builtin_expect((x), false)
+// Changing this definition will cause you a lot of pain.  A majority of
+// vendor code defines LIKELY and UNLIKELY this way, and includes
+// this header through an indirect path.
+#define LIKELY( exp )       (__builtin_expect( (exp) != 0, true  ))
+#define UNLIKELY( exp )     (__builtin_expect( (exp) != 0, false ))
 
 #define WARN_UNUSED __attribute__((warn_unused_result))
 
@@ -185,4 +188,4 @@
   } while (0)
 #endif
 
-#endif  // UTILS_MACROS_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_MACROS_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/memory.h b/base/include/android-base/memory.h
index 882582f..3a2f8fa 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/memory.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/memory.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef BASE_MEMORY_H
-#define BASE_MEMORY_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_MEMORY_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_MEMORY_H
 
 namespace android {
 namespace base {
@@ -44,4 +44,4 @@
 } // namespace base
 } // namespace android
 
-#endif // BASE_MEMORY_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_MEMORY_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/parseint.h b/base/include/android-base/parseint.h
index 0543795..ed75e2d 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/parseint.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/parseint.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef BASE_PARSEINT_H
-#define BASE_PARSEINT_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_PARSEINT_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_PARSEINT_H
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -70,4 +70,4 @@
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // BASE_PARSEINT_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_PARSEINT_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/parsenetaddress.h b/base/include/android-base/parsenetaddress.h
index 2de5ac9..b4ac025 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/parsenetaddress.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/parsenetaddress.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef BASE_PARSENETADDRESS_H
-#define BASE_PARSENETADDRESS_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_PARSENETADDRESS_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_PARSENETADDRESS_H
 
 #include <string>
 
@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // BASE_PARSENETADDRESS_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_PARSENETADDRESS_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/stringprintf.h b/base/include/android-base/stringprintf.h
index d68af87..cf666ab 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/stringprintf.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/stringprintf.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef BASE_STRINGPRINTF_H
-#define BASE_STRINGPRINTF_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_STRINGPRINTF_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_STRINGPRINTF_H
 
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <string>
@@ -53,4 +53,4 @@
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // BASE_STRINGPRINTF_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_STRINGPRINTF_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/strings.h b/base/include/android-base/strings.h
index 20da144..69781cd 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/strings.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/strings.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef BASE_STRINGS_H
-#define BASE_STRINGS_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_STRINGS_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_STRINGS_H
 
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
@@ -65,4 +65,4 @@
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // BASE_STRINGS_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_STRINGS_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h b/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h
index 3f6872c..4ea3c8e 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/test_utils.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef TEST_UTILS_H
-#define TEST_UTILS_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_TEST_UTILS_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_TEST_UTILS_H
 
 #include <string>
 
@@ -48,4 +48,4 @@
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TemporaryDir);
 };
 
-#endif // TEST_UTILS_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_TEST_UTILS_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/thread_annotations.h b/base/include/android-base/thread_annotations.h
index 90979df..2422102 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/thread_annotations.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/thread_annotations.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef UTILS_THREAD_ANNOTATIONS_H
-#define UTILS_THREAD_ANNOTATIONS_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_THREAD_ANNOTATIONS_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_THREAD_ANNOTATIONS_H
 
 #if defined(__SUPPORT_TS_ANNOTATION__) || defined(__clang__)
 #define THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(x)   __attribute__((x))
@@ -80,4 +80,4 @@
 #define NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS \
       THREAD_ANNOTATION_ATTRIBUTE__(no_thread_safety_analysis)
 
-#endif  // UTILS_THREAD_ANNOTATIONS_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_THREAD_ANNOTATIONS_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/unique_fd.h b/base/include/android-base/unique_fd.h
index d3b27ca..ab41c55 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/unique_fd.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/unique_fd.h
@@ -19,20 +19,23 @@
 
 #include <unistd.h>
 
-#include <android-base/macros.h>
+// DO NOT INCLUDE OTHER LIBBASE HEADERS!
+// This file gets used in libbinder, and libbinder is used everywhere.
+// Including other headers from libbase frequently results in inclusion of
+// android-base/macros.h, which causes macro collisions.
 
-/* Container for a file descriptor that automatically closes the descriptor as
- * it goes out of scope.
- *
- *      unique_fd ufd(open("/some/path", "r"));
- *
- *      if (ufd.get() < 0) // invalid descriptor
- *          return error;
- *
- *      // Do something useful
- *
- *      return 0; // descriptor is closed here
- */
+// Container for a file descriptor that automatically closes the descriptor as
+// it goes out of scope.
+//
+//      unique_fd ufd(open("/some/path", "r"));
+//      if (ufd.get() == -1) return error;
+//
+//      // Do something useful, possibly including 'return'.
+//
+//      return 0; // Descriptor is closed for you.
+//
+// unique_fd is also known as ScopedFd/ScopedFD/scoped_fd; mentioned here to help
+// you find this class if you're searching for one of those names.
 namespace android {
 namespace base {
 
@@ -44,14 +47,18 @@
   ~unique_fd() { clear(); }
 
   unique_fd(unique_fd&& other) : value_(other.release()) {}
-  unique_fd& operator = (unique_fd&& s) {
+  unique_fd& operator=(unique_fd&& s) {
     reset(s.release());
     return *this;
   }
 
   void reset(int new_value) {
-    if (value_ >= 0)
+    if (value_ != -1) {
+      // Even if close(2) fails with EINTR, the fd will have been closed.
+      // Using TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY will either lead to EBADF or closing someone else's fd.
+      // http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0509.1/0877.html
       close(value_);
+    }
     value_ = new_value;
   }
 
@@ -60,8 +67,9 @@
   }
 
   int get() const { return value_; }
+  operator int() const { return get(); }
 
-  int release() {
+  int release() __attribute__((warn_unused_result)) {
     int ret = value_;
     value_ = -1;
     return ret;
@@ -70,10 +78,11 @@
  private:
   int value_;
 
-  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(unique_fd);
+  unique_fd(const unique_fd&);
+  void operator=(const unique_fd&);
 };
 
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif // ANDROID_BASE_UNIQUE_FD_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_UNIQUE_FD_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/utf8.h b/base/include/android-base/utf8.h
index 3b0ed0a..2d5a6f6 100755
--- a/base/include/android-base/utf8.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/utf8.h
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef BASE_UTF8_H
-#define BASE_UTF8_H
+#ifndef ANDROID_BASE_UTF8_H
+#define ANDROID_BASE_UTF8_H
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #include <string>
@@ -84,4 +84,4 @@
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // BASE_UTF8_H
+#endif  // ANDROID_BASE_UTF8_H
diff --git a/base/test_utils.cpp b/base/test_utils.cpp
index 337ba7c..635af6c 100644
--- a/base/test_utils.cpp
+++ b/base/test_utils.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 #include "android-base/logging.h"
 #include "android-base/test_utils.h"
-#include "utils/Compat.h" // For OS_PATH_SEPARATOR.
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -27,6 +26,9 @@
 #if defined(_WIN32)
 #include <windows.h>
 #include <direct.h>
+#define OS_PATH_SEPARATOR '\\'
+#else
+#define OS_PATH_SEPARATOR '/'
 #endif
 
 #include <string>
diff --git a/bootstat/Android.mk b/bootstat/Android.mk
index 6300941..bdd680d 100644
--- a/bootstat/Android.mk
+++ b/bootstat/Android.mk
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
 
-bootstat_c_includes := external/gtest/include
-
 bootstat_lib_src_files := \
         boot_event_record_store.cpp \
         event_log_list_builder.cpp \
@@ -57,7 +55,7 @@
 
 LOCAL_MODULE := libbootstat
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := $(bootstat_cflags)
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(bootstat_c_includes)
+LOCAL_WHOLE_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libgtest_prod
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := $(bootstat_shared_libs)
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(bootstat_lib_src_files)
 # Clang is required because of C++14
@@ -72,7 +70,7 @@
 
 LOCAL_MODULE := libbootstat_debug
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := $(bootstat_cflags)
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(bootstat_c_includes)
+LOCAL_WHOLE_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libgtest_prod
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := $(bootstat_shared_libs)
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(bootstat_lib_src_files)
 # Clang is required because of C++14
@@ -87,7 +85,7 @@
 
 LOCAL_MODULE := libbootstat_host_debug
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := $(bootstat_debug_cflags)
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(bootstat_c_includes)
+LOCAL_WHOLE_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libgtest_prod
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := $(bootstat_shared_libs)
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(bootstat_lib_src_files)
 # Clang is required because of C++14
@@ -102,7 +100,7 @@
 
 LOCAL_MODULE := bootstat
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := $(bootstat_cflags)
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(bootstat_c_includes)
+LOCAL_WHOLE_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libgtest_prod
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := $(bootstat_shared_libs)
 LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libbootstat
 LOCAL_INIT_RC := bootstat.rc
diff --git a/bootstat/boot_event_record_store_test.cpp b/bootstat/boot_event_record_store_test.cpp
index b7dd9ba..01c2cc1 100644
--- a/bootstat/boot_event_record_store_test.cpp
+++ b/bootstat/boot_event_record_store_test.cpp
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 // the value of the record.
 bool CreateEmptyBootEventRecord(const std::string& record_path, int32_t value) {
   android::base::unique_fd record_fd(creat(record_path.c_str(), S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR));
-  if (record_fd.get() == -1) {
+  if (record_fd == -1) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
   // ensure the validity of the file mtime value, i.e., to check that the record
   // file mtime values are not changed once set.
   // TODO(jhawkins): Remove this block.
-  if (!android::base::WriteStringToFd(std::to_string(value), record_fd.get())) {
+  if (!android::base::WriteStringToFd(std::to_string(value), record_fd)) {
     return false;
   }
 
diff --git a/bootstat/bootstat.cpp b/bootstat/bootstat.cpp
index 08fc5af..7c1b7f3 100644
--- a/bootstat/bootstat.cpp
+++ b/bootstat/bootstat.cpp
@@ -48,6 +48,21 @@
   }
 }
 
+// Records the named boot |event| to the record store. If |value| is non-empty
+// and is a proper string representation of an integer value, the converted
+// integer value is associated with the boot event.
+void RecordBootEventFromCommandLine(
+    const std::string& event, const std::string& value_str) {
+  BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
+  if (!value_str.empty()) {
+    int32_t value = 0;
+    value = std::stoi(value_str);
+    boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(event, value);
+  } else {
+    boot_event_store.AddBootEvent(event);
+  }
+}
+
 void PrintBootEvents() {
   printf("Boot events:\n");
   printf("------------\n");
@@ -67,6 +82,7 @@
           "  -l, --log             Log all metrics to logstorage\n"
           "  -p, --print           Dump the boot event records to the console\n"
           "  -r, --record          Record the timestamp of a named boot event\n"
+          "  --value               Optional value to associate with the boot event\n"
           "  --record_boot_reason  Record the reason why the device booted\n"
           "  --record_time_since_factory_reset Record the time since the device was reset\n");
 }
@@ -121,6 +137,30 @@
   {"Reboot", 18},
   {"rtc", 19},
   {"edl", 20},
+  {"oem_pon1", 21},
+  {"oem_powerkey", 22},
+  {"oem_unknown_reset", 23},
+  {"srto: HWWDT reset SC", 24},
+  {"srto: HWWDT reset platform", 25},
+  {"srto: bootloader", 26},
+  {"srto: kernel panic", 27},
+  {"srto: kernel watchdog reset", 28},
+  {"srto: normal", 29},
+  {"srto: reboot", 30},
+  {"srto: reboot-bootloader", 31},
+  {"srto: security watchdog reset", 32},
+  {"srto: wakesrc", 33},
+  {"srto: watchdog", 34},
+  {"srto:1-1", 35},
+  {"srto:omap_hsmm", 36},
+  {"srto:phy0", 37},
+  {"srto:rtc0", 38},
+  {"srto:touchpad", 39},
+  {"watchdog", 40},
+  {"watchdogr", 41},
+  {"wdog_bark", 42},
+  {"wdog_bite", 43},
+  {"wdog_reset", 44},
 };
 
 // Converts a string value representing the reason the system booted to an
@@ -165,7 +205,19 @@
 void RecordBootComplete() {
   BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
   BootEventRecordStore::BootEventRecord record;
+
   time_t uptime = bootstat::ParseUptime();
+  time_t current_time_utc = time(nullptr);
+
+  if (boot_event_store.GetBootEvent("last_boot_time_utc", &record)) {
+    time_t last_boot_time_utc = record.second;
+    time_t time_since_last_boot = difftime(current_time_utc,
+                                           last_boot_time_utc);
+    boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("time_since_last_boot",
+                                           time_since_last_boot);
+  }
+
+  boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("last_boot_time_utc", current_time_utc);
 
   // The boot_complete metric has two variants: boot_complete and
   // ota_boot_complete.  The latter signifies that the device is booting after
@@ -266,6 +318,7 @@
   LOG(INFO) << "Service started: " << cmd_line;
 
   int option_index = 0;
+  static const char value_str[] = "value";
   static const char boot_complete_str[] = "record_boot_complete";
   static const char boot_reason_str[] = "record_boot_reason";
   static const char factory_reset_str[] = "record_time_since_factory_reset";
@@ -274,19 +327,26 @@
     { "log",             no_argument,       NULL,   'l' },
     { "print",           no_argument,       NULL,   'p' },
     { "record",          required_argument, NULL,   'r' },
+    { value_str,         required_argument, NULL,   0 },
     { boot_complete_str, no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
     { boot_reason_str,   no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
     { factory_reset_str, no_argument,       NULL,   0 },
     { NULL,              0,                 NULL,   0 }
   };
 
+  std::string boot_event;
+  std::string value;
   int opt = 0;
   while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hlpr:", long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
     switch (opt) {
       // This case handles long options which have no single-character mapping.
       case 0: {
         const std::string option_name = long_options[option_index].name;
-        if (option_name == boot_complete_str) {
+        if (option_name == value_str) {
+          // |optarg| is an external variable set by getopt representing
+          // the option argument.
+          value = optarg;
+        } else if (option_name == boot_complete_str) {
           RecordBootComplete();
         } else if (option_name == boot_reason_str) {
           RecordBootReason();
@@ -316,10 +376,7 @@
       case 'r': {
         // |optarg| is an external variable set by getopt representing
         // the option argument.
-        const char* event = optarg;
-
-        BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
-        boot_event_store.AddBootEvent(event);
+        boot_event = optarg;
         break;
       }
 
@@ -335,5 +392,9 @@
     }
   }
 
+  if (!boot_event.empty()) {
+    RecordBootEventFromCommandLine(boot_event, value);
+  }
+
   return 0;
 }
diff --git a/crash_reporter/crash_collector.cc b/crash_reporter/crash_collector.cc
index b3fdcb4..d993576 100644
--- a/crash_reporter/crash_collector.cc
+++ b/crash_reporter/crash_collector.cc
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include <base/strings/string_util.h>
 #include <base/strings/stringprintf.h>
 #include <brillo/key_value_store.h>
+#include <brillo/osrelease_reader.h>
 #include <brillo/process.h>
 
 namespace {
@@ -52,6 +53,11 @@
 const char kUploadVarPrefix[] = "upload_var_";
 const char kUploadFilePrefix[] = "upload_file_";
 
+// Product information keys in the /etc/os-release.d folder.
+static const char kBdkVersionKey[] = "bdk_version";
+static const char kProductIDKey[] = "product_id";
+static const char kProductVersionKey[] = "product_version";
+
 // Normally this path is not used.  Unfortunately, there are a few edge cases
 // where we need this.  Any process that runs as kDefaultUserName that crashes
 // is consider a "user crash".  That includes the initial Chrome browser that
@@ -183,7 +189,7 @@
   return true;
 }
 
-bool CrashCollector::GetCreatedCrashDirectoryByEuid(uid_t euid,
+bool CrashCollector::GetCreatedCrashDirectoryByEuid(uid_t euid __unused,
                                                     FilePath *crash_directory,
                                                     bool *out_of_capacity) {
   if (out_of_capacity) *out_of_capacity = false;
@@ -384,14 +390,49 @@
                                         const std::string &payload_path) {
   int64_t payload_size = -1;
   base::GetFileSize(FilePath(payload_path), &payload_size);
+
+  brillo::OsReleaseReader reader;
+  if (!forced_osreleased_directory_.empty()) {
+    reader.LoadTestingOnly(forced_osreleased_directory_);
+  } else {
+    reader.Load();
+  }
+  std::string bdk_version = "undefined";
+  std::string product_id = "undefined";
+  std::string product_version = "undefined";
+
+  if (!reader.GetString(kBdkVersionKey, &bdk_version)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read " << kBdkVersionKey
+               << " from /etc/os-release.d/";
+  }
+
+  if (!reader.GetString(kProductIDKey, &product_id)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read " << kProductIDKey
+               << " from /etc/os-release.d/";
+  }
+
+  if (!reader.GetString(kProductVersionKey, &product_version)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read " << kProductVersionKey
+               << " from /etc/os-release.d/";
+  }
+
   std::string meta_data = StringPrintf("%sexec_name=%s\n"
                                        "payload=%s\n"
                                        "payload_size=%" PRId64 "\n"
+                                       "%s=%s\n"
+                                       "%s=%s\n"
+                                       "%s=%s\n"
                                        "done=1\n",
                                        extra_metadata_.c_str(),
                                        exec_name.c_str(),
                                        payload_path.c_str(),
-                                       payload_size);
+                                       payload_size,
+                                       kBdkVersionKey,
+                                       bdk_version.c_str(),
+                                       kProductIDKey,
+                                       product_id.c_str(),
+                                       kProductVersionKey,
+                                       product_version.c_str());
   // We must use WriteNewFile instead of base::WriteFile as we
   // do not want to write with root access to a symlink that an attacker
   // might have created.
diff --git a/crash_reporter/crash_collector.h b/crash_reporter/crash_collector.h
index 24cbfb3..21b9198 100644
--- a/crash_reporter/crash_collector.h
+++ b/crash_reporter/crash_collector.h
@@ -84,6 +84,12 @@
     forced_crash_directory_ = forced_directory;
   }
 
+  // For testing, set the root directory to read etc/os-release.d properties
+  // from.
+  void ForceOsReleaseDDirectory(const base::FilePath &forced_directory) {
+    forced_osreleased_directory_ = forced_directory;
+  }
+
   base::FilePath GetCrashDirectoryInfo(mode_t *mode,
                                        uid_t *directory_owner,
                                        gid_t *directory_group);
@@ -158,6 +164,7 @@
   IsFeedbackAllowedFunction is_feedback_allowed_function_;
   std::string extra_metadata_;
   base::FilePath forced_crash_directory_;
+  base::FilePath forced_osreleased_directory_;
   base::FilePath log_config_path_;
 
  private:
diff --git a/crash_reporter/crash_collector_test.cc b/crash_reporter/crash_collector_test.cc
index 11c8c0d..a386cd1 100644
--- a/crash_reporter/crash_collector_test.cc
+++ b/crash_reporter/crash_collector_test.cc
@@ -74,10 +74,11 @@
 TEST_F(CrashCollectorTest, WriteNewFile) {
   FilePath test_file = test_dir_.path().Append("test_new");
   const char kBuffer[] = "buffer";
-  EXPECT_EQ(strlen(kBuffer),
-            collector_.WriteNewFile(test_file,
-                                    kBuffer,
-                                    strlen(kBuffer)));
+  unsigned int numBytesWritten = collector_.WriteNewFile(
+      test_file,
+      kBuffer,
+      strlen(kBuffer));
+  EXPECT_EQ(strlen(kBuffer), numBytesWritten);
   EXPECT_LT(collector_.WriteNewFile(test_file,
                                     kBuffer,
                                     strlen(kBuffer)), 0);
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(CrashCollectorTest, FormatDumpBasename) {
-  struct tm tm = {0};
+  struct tm tm = {};
   tm.tm_sec = 15;
   tm.tm_min = 50;
   tm.tm_hour = 13;
@@ -182,9 +183,26 @@
   const char kMetaFileBasename[] = "generated.meta";
   FilePath meta_file = test_dir_.path().Append(kMetaFileBasename);
   FilePath payload_file = test_dir_.path().Append("payload-file");
+  FilePath osreleased_directory =
+      test_dir_.path().Append("etc").Append("os-release.d");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(base::CreateDirectory(osreleased_directory));
+  collector_.ForceOsReleaseDDirectory(test_dir_.path());
+
   std::string contents;
   const char kPayload[] = "foo";
   ASSERT_TRUE(base::WriteFile(payload_file, kPayload, strlen(kPayload)));
+  const char kBdkVersion[] = "1";
+  ASSERT_TRUE(base::WriteFile(osreleased_directory.Append("bdk_version"),
+                              kBdkVersion,
+                              strlen(kBdkVersion)));
+  const char kProductId[] = "baz";
+  ASSERT_TRUE(base::WriteFile(osreleased_directory.Append("product_id"),
+                              kProductId,
+                              strlen(kProductId)));
+  const char kProductVersion[] = "1.2.3.4";
+  ASSERT_TRUE(base::WriteFile(osreleased_directory.Append("product_version"),
+                              kProductVersion,
+                              strlen(kProductVersion)));
   collector_.AddCrashMetaData("foo", "bar");
   collector_.WriteCrashMetaData(meta_file, "kernel", payload_file.value());
   EXPECT_TRUE(base::ReadFileToString(meta_file, &contents));
@@ -193,6 +211,9 @@
           "exec_name=kernel\n"
           "payload=%s\n"
           "payload_size=3\n"
+          "bdk_version=1\n"
+          "product_id=baz\n"
+          "product_version=1.2.3.4\n"
           "done=1\n",
           test_dir_.path().Append("payload-file").value().c_str());
   EXPECT_EQ(kExpectedMeta, contents);
diff --git a/crash_reporter/kernel_collector_test.cc b/crash_reporter/kernel_collector_test.cc
index 015f624..60fd832 100644
--- a/crash_reporter/kernel_collector_test.cc
+++ b/crash_reporter/kernel_collector_test.cc
@@ -49,7 +49,9 @@
  protected:
   void WriteStringToFile(const FilePath &file_path,
                          const char *data) {
-    ASSERT_EQ(strlen(data), base::WriteFile(file_path, data, strlen(data)));
+    unsigned int numBytesWritten =
+        base::WriteFile(file_path, data, strlen(data));
+    ASSERT_EQ(strlen(data), numBytesWritten);
   }
 
   void SetUpSuccessfulCollect();
@@ -284,7 +286,7 @@
   size_t end_pos = filename.find_first_of("\n");
   ASSERT_NE(std::string::npos, end_pos);
   filename = filename.substr(0, end_pos);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0, filename.find(test_crash_directory().value()));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0U, filename.find(test_crash_directory().value()));
   ASSERT_TRUE(base::PathExists(FilePath(filename)));
   std::string contents;
   ASSERT_TRUE(base::ReadFileToString(FilePath(filename), &contents));
diff --git a/crash_reporter/unclean_shutdown_collector_test.cc b/crash_reporter/unclean_shutdown_collector_test.cc
index 56d2704..36372ae 100644
--- a/crash_reporter/unclean_shutdown_collector_test.cc
+++ b/crash_reporter/unclean_shutdown_collector_test.cc
@@ -73,7 +73,9 @@
  protected:
   void WriteStringToFile(const FilePath &file_path,
                          const char *data) {
-    ASSERT_EQ(strlen(data), base::WriteFile(file_path, data, strlen(data)));
+    unsigned int numBytesWritten =
+        base::WriteFile(file_path, data, strlen(data));
+    ASSERT_EQ(strlen(data), numBytesWritten);
   }
 
   UncleanShutdownCollectorMock collector_;
diff --git a/crash_reporter/user_collector.cc b/crash_reporter/user_collector.cc
index 98d7448..48b64e9 100644
--- a/crash_reporter/user_collector.cc
+++ b/crash_reporter/user_collector.cc
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@
 #include <base/strings/string_split.h>
 #include <base/strings/string_util.h>
 #include <base/strings/stringprintf.h>
-#include <brillo/osrelease_reader.h>
 #include <brillo/process.h>
 #include <brillo/syslog_logging.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
@@ -59,11 +58,6 @@
 const char *UserCollector::kUserId = "Uid:\t";
 const char *UserCollector::kGroupId = "Gid:\t";
 
-// Product information keys in the /etc/os-release.d folder.
-static const char kBdkVersionKey[] = "bdk_version";
-static const char kProductIDKey[] = "product_id";
-static const char kProductVersionKey[] = "product_version";
-
 
 using base::FilePath;
 using base::StringPrintf;
@@ -505,29 +499,6 @@
   if (GetLogContents(FilePath(log_config_path_), exec, log_path))
     AddCrashMetaData("log", log_path.value());
 
-  brillo::OsReleaseReader reader;
-  reader.Load();
-  std::string value = "undefined";
-  if (!reader.GetString(kBdkVersionKey, &value)) {
-    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read " << kBdkVersionKey
-               << " from /etc/os-release.d/";
-  }
-  AddCrashMetaData(kBdkVersionKey, value);
-
-  value = "undefined";
-  if (!reader.GetString(kProductIDKey, &value)) {
-    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read " << kProductIDKey
-               << " from /etc/os-release.d/";
-  }
-  AddCrashMetaData(kProductIDKey, value);
-
-  value = "undefined";
-  if (!reader.GetString(kProductVersionKey, &value)) {
-    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read " << kProductVersionKey
-               << " from /etc/os-release.d/";
-  }
-  AddCrashMetaData(kProductVersionKey, value);
-
   ErrorType error_type =
       ConvertCoreToMinidump(pid, container_dir, core_path, minidump_path);
   if (error_type != kErrorNone) {
diff --git a/crash_reporter/user_collector_test.cc b/crash_reporter/user_collector_test.cc
index d9c9a5b..16a5cd5 100644
--- a/crash_reporter/user_collector_test.cc
+++ b/crash_reporter/user_collector_test.cc
@@ -101,15 +101,15 @@
       &pid, &signal, &uid, &gid, &exec_name));
   EXPECT_EQ(123456, pid);
   EXPECT_EQ(11, signal);
-  EXPECT_EQ(1000, uid);
-  EXPECT_EQ(2000, gid);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1000U, uid);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2000U, gid);
   EXPECT_EQ("foobar", exec_name);
   EXPECT_TRUE(collector_.ParseCrashAttributes("4321:6:barfoo",
       &pid, &signal, &uid, &gid, &exec_name));
   EXPECT_EQ(4321, pid);
   EXPECT_EQ(6, signal);
-  EXPECT_EQ(-1, uid);
-  EXPECT_EQ(-1, gid);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1U, uid);
+  EXPECT_EQ(-1U, gid);
   EXPECT_EQ("barfoo", exec_name);
 
   EXPECT_FALSE(collector_.ParseCrashAttributes("123456:11",
@@ -186,10 +186,10 @@
         test_dir_.path().Append("test/this_link").value().c_str();
     this_link.assign(long_link.c_str(), len);
     ASSERT_EQ(len, this_link.size());
-    unlink(kLink);
     ASSERT_EQ(0, symlink(this_link.c_str(), kLink));
     ASSERT_TRUE(collector_.GetSymlinkTarget(FilePath(kLink), &result));
     ASSERT_EQ(this_link, result.value());
+    unlink(kLink);
   }
 }
 
@@ -333,8 +333,8 @@
   gid_t gid = 100;
   uid_t uid = 100;
   EXPECT_TRUE(collector_.GetUserInfoFromName("root", &uid, &gid));
-  EXPECT_EQ(0, uid);
-  EXPECT_EQ(0, gid);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, uid);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, gid);
 }
 
 TEST_F(UserCollectorTest, CopyOffProcFilesBadPath) {
@@ -387,7 +387,9 @@
 
   // maps file is not empty
   const char data[] = "test data";
-  ASSERT_EQ(sizeof(data), base::WriteFile(maps_file, data, sizeof(data)));
+  unsigned int numBytesWritten =
+      base::WriteFile(maps_file, data, sizeof(data));
+  ASSERT_EQ(sizeof(data), numBytesWritten);
   ASSERT_TRUE(base::PathExists(maps_file));
   EXPECT_TRUE(collector_.ValidateProcFiles(container_dir));
 }
diff --git a/debuggerd/debuggerd.cpp b/debuggerd/debuggerd.cpp
index 7f0e5bb..0a43622 100644
--- a/debuggerd/debuggerd.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/debuggerd.cpp
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@
 #include <cutils/debugger.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <cutils/sockets.h>
-#include <nativehelper/ScopedFd.h>
 
 #include <linux/input.h>
 
@@ -692,7 +691,7 @@
 static void handle_request(int fd) {
   ALOGV("handle_request(%d)\n", fd);
 
-  ScopedFd closer(fd);
+  android::base::unique_fd closer(fd);
   debugger_request_t request;
   memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request));
   int status = read_request(fd, &request);
diff --git a/debuggerd/getevent.cpp b/debuggerd/getevent.cpp
index 751c4fb..e5acd17 100644
--- a/debuggerd/getevent.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/getevent.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <sys/poll.h>
 #include <linux/input.h>
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <memory>
 #include <cutils/log.h>
 
 static struct pollfd* ufds;
@@ -143,22 +144,20 @@
 static int scan_dir(const char* dirname) {
   char devname[PATH_MAX];
   char* filename;
-  DIR* dir;
   struct dirent* de;
-  dir = opendir(dirname);
+  std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(dirname), closedir);
   if (dir == NULL)
     return -1;
   strcpy(devname, dirname);
   filename = devname + strlen(devname);
   *filename++ = '/';
-  while ((de = readdir(dir))) {
+  while ((de = readdir(dir.get()))) {
     if ((de->d_name[0] == '.' && de->d_name[1] == '\0') ||
         (de->d_name[1] == '.' && de->d_name[2] == '\0'))
       continue;
     strcpy(filename, de->d_name);
     open_device(devname);
   }
-  closedir(dir);
   return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/fastboot/engine.cpp b/fastboot/engine.cpp
index 47567c0..db5d0e0 100644
--- a/fastboot/engine.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/engine.cpp
@@ -351,21 +351,21 @@
         }
         if (a->op == OP_DOWNLOAD) {
             status = fb_download_data(transport, a->data, a->size);
-            status = a->func(a, status, status ? fb_get_error() : "");
+            status = a->func(a, status, status ? fb_get_error().c_str() : "");
             if (status) break;
         } else if (a->op == OP_COMMAND) {
             status = fb_command(transport, a->cmd);
-            status = a->func(a, status, status ? fb_get_error() : "");
+            status = a->func(a, status, status ? fb_get_error().c_str() : "");
             if (status) break;
         } else if (a->op == OP_QUERY) {
             status = fb_command_response(transport, a->cmd, resp);
-            status = a->func(a, status, status ? fb_get_error() : resp);
+            status = a->func(a, status, status ? fb_get_error().c_str() : resp);
             if (status) break;
         } else if (a->op == OP_NOTICE) {
             fprintf(stderr,"%s\n",(char*)a->data);
         } else if (a->op == OP_DOWNLOAD_SPARSE) {
             status = fb_download_data_sparse(transport, reinterpret_cast<sparse_file*>(a->data));
-            status = a->func(a, status, status ? fb_get_error() : "");
+            status = a->func(a, status, status ? fb_get_error().c_str() : "");
             if (status) break;
         } else if (a->op == OP_WAIT_FOR_DISCONNECT) {
             transport->WaitForDisconnect();
diff --git a/fastboot/fastboot.cpp b/fastboot/fastboot.cpp
index 636092e..e5b54d0 100644
--- a/fastboot/fastboot.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/fastboot.cpp
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/parseint.h>
 #include <android-base/parsenetaddress.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <sparse/sparse.h>
 #include <ziparchive/zip_archive.h>
@@ -110,12 +111,9 @@
     {"vendor.img", "vendor.sig", "vendor", true},
 };
 
-static char* find_item(const char* item, const char* product) {
-    char *dir;
+static std::string find_item(const char* item, const char* product) {
     const char *fn;
-    char path[PATH_MAX + 128];
-
-    if(!strcmp(item,"boot")) {
+    if (!strcmp(item,"boot")) {
         fn = "boot.img";
     } else if(!strcmp(item,"recovery")) {
         fn = "recovery.img";
@@ -131,24 +129,22 @@
         fn = "android-info.txt";
     } else {
         fprintf(stderr,"unknown partition '%s'\n", item);
-        return 0;
+        return "";
     }
 
-    if(product) {
-        get_my_path(path);
-        sprintf(path + strlen(path),
-                "../../../target/product/%s/%s", product, fn);
-        return strdup(path);
+    if (product) {
+        std::string path = get_my_path();
+        path.erase(path.find_last_of('/'));
+        return android::base::StringPrintf("%s/../../../target/product/%s/%s",
+                                           path.c_str(), product, fn);
     }
 
-    dir = getenv("ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT");
-    if((dir == 0) || (dir[0] == 0)) {
+    char* dir = getenv("ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT");
+    if (dir == nullptr || dir[0] == '\0') {
         die("neither -p product specified nor ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT set");
-        return 0;
     }
 
-    sprintf(path, "%s/%s", dir, fn);
-    return strdup(path);
+    return android::base::StringPrintf("%s/%s", dir, fn);
 }
 
 static int64_t get_file_size(int fd) {
@@ -181,8 +177,8 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-static void* load_file(const char* fn, int64_t* sz) {
-    int fd = open(fn, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
+static void* load_file(const std::string& path, int64_t* sz) {
+    int fd = open(path.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
     if (fd == -1) return nullptr;
     return load_fd(fd, sz);
 }
@@ -357,8 +353,8 @@
             "                                           formatting.\n"
             "  -s <specific device>                     Specify a device. For USB, provide either\n"
             "                                           a serial number or path to device port.\n"
-            "                                           For ethernet, provide an address in the"
-            "                                           form <protocol>:<hostname>[:port] where"
+            "                                           For ethernet, provide an address in the\n"
+            "                                           form <protocol>:<hostname>[:port] where\n"
             "                                           <protocol> is either tcp or udp.\n"
             "  -p <product>                             Specify product name.\n"
             "  -c <cmdline>                             Override kernel commandline.\n"
@@ -1024,18 +1020,19 @@
     CloseArchive(zip);
 }
 
-static void do_send_signature(char* fn) {
-    char* xtn = strrchr(fn, '.');
-    if (!xtn) return;
+static void do_send_signature(const char* filename) {
+    if (android::base::EndsWith(filename, ".img") == false) {
+        return;
+    }
 
-    if (strcmp(xtn, ".img")) return;
-
-    strcpy(xtn, ".sig");
+    std::string sig_path = filename;
+    sig_path.erase(sig_path.size() - 4);
+    sig_path += ".sig";
 
     int64_t sz;
-    void* data = load_file(fn, &sz);
-    strcpy(xtn, ".img");
+    void* data = load_file(sig_path, &sz);
     if (data == nullptr) return;
+
     fb_queue_download("signature", data, sz);
     fb_queue_command("signature", "installing signature");
 }
@@ -1045,8 +1042,8 @@
 
     fb_queue_query_save("product", cur_product, sizeof(cur_product));
 
-    char* fname = find_item("info", product);
-    if (fname == nullptr) die("cannot find android-info.txt");
+    std::string fname = find_item("info", product);
+    if (fname.empty()) die("cannot find android-info.txt");
 
     int64_t sz;
     void* data = load_file(fname, &sz);
@@ -1057,14 +1054,14 @@
     for (size_t i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(images); i++) {
         fname = find_item(images[i].part_name, product);
         fastboot_buffer buf;
-        if (load_buf(transport, fname, &buf)) {
+        if (load_buf(transport, fname.c_str(), &buf)) {
             if (images[i].is_optional)
                 continue;
             die("could not load %s\n", images[i].img_name);
         }
 
         auto flashall = [&](const std::string &partition) {
-            do_send_signature(fname);
+            do_send_signature(fname.c_str());
             if (erase_first && needs_erase(transport, partition.c_str())) {
                 fb_queue_erase(partition.c_str());
             }
@@ -1241,7 +1238,7 @@
         fprintf(stderr, "Erase successful, but not automatically formatting.\n");
         if (errMsg) fprintf(stderr, "%s", errMsg);
     }
-    fprintf(stderr,"FAILED (%s)\n", fb_get_error());
+    fprintf(stderr, "FAILED (%s)\n", fb_get_error().c_str());
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
@@ -1516,8 +1513,8 @@
             fb_queue_download("boot.img", data, sz);
             fb_queue_command("boot", "booting");
         } else if(!strcmp(*argv, "flash")) {
-            char *pname = argv[1];
-            char *fname = 0;
+            char* pname = argv[1];
+            std::string fname;
             require(2);
             if (argc > 2) {
                 fname = argv[2];
@@ -1526,13 +1523,13 @@
                 fname = find_item(pname, product);
                 skip(2);
             }
-            if (fname == 0) die("cannot determine image filename for '%s'", pname);
+            if (fname.empty()) die("cannot determine image filename for '%s'", pname);
 
             auto flash = [&](const std::string &partition) {
                 if (erase_first && needs_erase(transport, partition.c_str())) {
                     fb_queue_erase(partition.c_str());
                 }
-                do_flash(transport, partition.c_str(), fname);
+                do_flash(transport, partition.c_str(), fname.c_str());
             };
             do_for_partitions(transport, pname, slot_override.c_str(), flash, true);
         } else if(!strcmp(*argv, "flash:raw")) {
diff --git a/fastboot/fastboot.h b/fastboot/fastboot.h
index 1932bab..c2ea551 100644
--- a/fastboot/fastboot.h
+++ b/fastboot/fastboot.h
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 int fb_command_response(Transport* transport, const char* cmd, char* response);
 int fb_download_data(Transport* transport, const void* data, uint32_t size);
 int fb_download_data_sparse(Transport* transport, struct sparse_file* s);
-char *fb_get_error(void);
+const std::string fb_get_error();
 
 #define FB_COMMAND_SZ 64
 #define FB_RESPONSE_SZ 64
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
 char *mkmsg(const char *fmt, ...);
 __attribute__((__noreturn__)) void die(const char *fmt, ...);
 
-void get_my_path(char *path);
+std::string get_my_path();
 
 /* Current product */
 extern char cur_product[FB_RESPONSE_SZ + 1];
diff --git a/fastboot/protocol.cpp b/fastboot/protocol.cpp
index 4850b4a..bfa83b0 100644
--- a/fastboot/protocol.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/protocol.cpp
@@ -36,16 +36,16 @@
 
 #include <algorithm>
 
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <sparse/sparse.h>
 
 #include "fastboot.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 
-static char ERROR[128];
+static std::string g_error;
 
-char *fb_get_error(void)
-{
-    return ERROR;
+const std::string fb_get_error() {
+    return g_error;
 }
 
 static int check_response(Transport* transport, uint32_t size, char* response) {
@@ -54,14 +54,14 @@
     while (true) {
         int r = transport->Read(status, 64);
         if (r < 0) {
-            sprintf(ERROR, "status read failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
+            g_error = android::base::StringPrintf("status read failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
             transport->Close();
             return -1;
         }
         status[r] = 0;
 
         if (r < 4) {
-            sprintf(ERROR, "status malformed (%d bytes)", r);
+            g_error = android::base::StringPrintf("status malformed (%d bytes)", r);
             transport->Close();
             return -1;
         }
@@ -80,9 +80,9 @@
 
         if (!memcmp(status, "FAIL", 4)) {
             if (r > 4) {
-                sprintf(ERROR, "remote: %s", status + 4);
+                g_error = android::base::StringPrintf("remote: %s", status + 4);
             } else {
-                strcpy(ERROR, "remote failure");
+                g_error = "remote failure";
             }
             return -1;
         }
@@ -90,14 +90,14 @@
         if (!memcmp(status, "DATA", 4) && size > 0){
             uint32_t dsize = strtol(status + 4, 0, 16);
             if (dsize > size) {
-                strcpy(ERROR, "data size too large");
+                g_error = android::base::StringPrintf("data size too large (%d)", dsize);
                 transport->Close();
                 return -1;
             }
             return dsize;
         }
 
-        strcpy(ERROR,"unknown status code");
+        g_error = "unknown status code";
         transport->Close();
         break;
     }
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
 static int _command_start(Transport* transport, const char* cmd, uint32_t size, char* response) {
     size_t cmdsize = strlen(cmd);
     if (cmdsize > 64) {
-        sprintf(ERROR, "command too large");
+        g_error = android::base::StringPrintf("command too large (%zu)", cmdsize);
         return -1;
     }
 
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
     }
 
     if (transport->Write(cmd, cmdsize) != static_cast<int>(cmdsize)) {
-        sprintf(ERROR, "command write failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
+        g_error = android::base::StringPrintf("command write failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
         transport->Close();
         return -1;
     }
@@ -128,12 +128,12 @@
 static int _command_data(Transport* transport, const void* data, uint32_t size) {
     int r = transport->Write(data, size);
     if (r < 0) {
-        sprintf(ERROR, "data transfer failure (%s)", strerror(errno));
+        g_error = android::base::StringPrintf("data transfer failure (%s)", strerror(errno));
         transport->Close();
         return -1;
     }
     if (r != ((int) size)) {
-        sprintf(ERROR, "data transfer failure (short transfer)");
+        g_error = "data transfer failure (short transfer)";
         transport->Close();
         return -1;
     }
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
 
 int fb_download_data(Transport* transport, const void* data, uint32_t size) {
     char cmd[64];
-    sprintf(cmd, "download:%08x", size);
+    snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "download:%08x", size);
     return _command_send(transport, cmd, data, size, 0) < 0 ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@
 
     if (len > TRANSPORT_BUF_SIZE) {
         if (transport_buf_len > 0) {
-            sprintf(ERROR, "internal error: transport_buf not empty\n");
+            g_error = "internal error: transport_buf not empty";
             return -1;
         }
         to_write = round_down(len, TRANSPORT_BUF_SIZE);
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@
 
     if (len > 0) {
         if (len > TRANSPORT_BUF_SIZE) {
-            sprintf(ERROR, "internal error: too much left for transport_buf\n");
+            g_error = "internal error: too much left for transport_buf";
             return -1;
         }
         memcpy(transport_buf, ptr, len);
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@
     }
 
     char cmd[64];
-    sprintf(cmd, "download:%08x", size);
+    snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "download:%08x", size);
     int r = _command_start(transport, cmd, size, 0);
     if (r < 0) {
         return -1;
diff --git a/fastboot/socket.cpp b/fastboot/socket.cpp
index 14ecd93..e56ffcf 100644
--- a/fastboot/socket.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/socket.cpp
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
 // Implements the Socket interface for TCP.
 class TcpSocket : public Socket {
   public:
-    TcpSocket(cutils_socket_t sock) : Socket(sock) {}
+    explicit TcpSocket(cutils_socket_t sock) : Socket(sock) {}
 
     bool Send(const void* data, size_t length) override;
     bool Send(std::vector<cutils_socket_buffer_t> buffers) override;
diff --git a/fastboot/tcp.cpp b/fastboot/tcp.cpp
index e42c4e1..dd6fbf8 100644
--- a/fastboot/tcp.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/tcp.cpp
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
     int Close() override;
 
   private:
-    TcpTransport(std::unique_ptr<Socket> sock) : socket_(std::move(sock)) {}
+    explicit TcpTransport(std::unique_ptr<Socket> sock) : socket_(std::move(sock)) {}
 
     // Connects to the device and performs the initial handshake. Returns false and fills |error|
     // on failure.
diff --git a/fastboot/udp.cpp b/fastboot/udp.cpp
index b36bd60..53fb347 100644
--- a/fastboot/udp.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/udp.cpp
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
     int Close() override;
 
   private:
-    UdpTransport(std::unique_ptr<Socket> socket) : socket_(std::move(socket)) {}
+    explicit UdpTransport(std::unique_ptr<Socket> socket) : socket_(std::move(socket)) {}
 
     // Performs the UDP initialization procedure. Returns true on success.
     bool InitializeProtocol(std::string* error);
diff --git a/fastboot/usb_linux.cpp b/fastboot/usb_linux.cpp
index 02ffcd9..6db1e27 100644
--- a/fastboot/usb_linux.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/usb_linux.cpp
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
 
 class LinuxUsbTransport : public Transport {
   public:
-    LinuxUsbTransport(std::unique_ptr<usb_handle> handle) : handle_(std::move(handle)) {}
+    explicit LinuxUsbTransport(std::unique_ptr<usb_handle> handle) : handle_(std::move(handle)) {}
     ~LinuxUsbTransport() override = default;
 
     ssize_t Read(void* data, size_t len) override;
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
     int in, out;
     unsigned i;
     unsigned e;
-    
+
     if (check(ptr, len, USB_DT_DEVICE, USB_DT_DEVICE_SIZE))
         return -1;
     dev = (struct usb_device_descriptor *)ptr;
@@ -333,15 +333,14 @@
     char desc[1024];
     int n, in, out, ifc;
 
-    DIR *busdir;
     struct dirent *de;
     int fd;
     int writable;
 
-    busdir = opendir(base);
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> busdir(opendir(base), closedir);
     if (busdir == 0) return 0;
 
-    while ((de = readdir(busdir)) && (usb == nullptr)) {
+    while ((de = readdir(busdir.get())) && (usb == nullptr)) {
         if (badname(de->d_name)) continue;
 
         if (!convert_to_devfs_name(de->d_name, devname, sizeof(devname))) {
@@ -377,7 +376,6 @@
             }
         }
     }
-    closedir(busdir);
 
     return usb;
 }
diff --git a/fastboot/util_linux.cpp b/fastboot/util_linux.cpp
index b788199..2c6aedb 100644
--- a/fastboot/util_linux.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/util_linux.cpp
@@ -28,27 +28,16 @@
 
 #include "fastboot.h"
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 
-void get_my_path(char *path)
-{
-    char proc[64];
-    char *x;
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 
-    sprintf(proc, "/proc/%d/exe", getpid());
-    int err = readlink(proc, path, PATH_MAX - 1);
-
-    if(err <= 0) {
-        path[0] = 0;
-    } else {
-        path[err] = 0;
-        x = strrchr(path,'/');
-        if(x) x[1] = 0;
-    }
+std::string get_my_path() {
+    std::string proc = android::base::StringPrintf("/proc/%d/exe", getpid());
+    char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
+    int rc = readlink(proc.c_str(), path, sizeof(path) - 1);
+    if (rc == -1) return "";
+    path[rc] = '\0';
+    return path;
 }
diff --git a/fastboot/util_osx.cpp b/fastboot/util_osx.cpp
index ae0b024..4bae7c4 100644
--- a/fastboot/util_osx.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/util_osx.cpp
@@ -31,19 +31,15 @@
 #import <Carbon/Carbon.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
-void get_my_path(char s[PATH_MAX])
-{
+std::string get_my_path() {
     CFBundleRef mainBundle = CFBundleGetMainBundle();
     CFURLRef executableURL = CFBundleCopyExecutableURL(mainBundle);
     CFStringRef executablePathString = CFURLCopyFileSystemPath(executableURL, kCFURLPOSIXPathStyle);
     CFRelease(executableURL);
 
-    CFStringGetFileSystemRepresentation(executablePathString, s, PATH_MAX-1);
+    char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
+    CFStringGetFileSystemRepresentation(executablePathString, path, sizeof(PATH_MAX)-1);
     CFRelease(executablePathString);
 
-	char *x;
-    x = strrchr(s, '/');
-    if(x) x[1] = 0;
+    return path;
 }
-
-
diff --git a/fastboot/util_windows.cpp b/fastboot/util_windows.cpp
index ec52f39..3b22c55 100644
--- a/fastboot/util_windows.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/util_windows.cpp
@@ -38,14 +38,12 @@
 
 #include <windows.h>
 
-void get_my_path(char exe[PATH_MAX])
-{
-	char*  r;
+std::string get_my_path() {
+    char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
 
-	GetModuleFileName( NULL, exe, PATH_MAX-1 );
-	exe[PATH_MAX-1] = 0;
-	r = strrchr( exe, '\\' );
-	if (r)
-		*r = 0;
+    DWORD result = GetModuleFileName(NULL, path, sizeof(path) - 1);
+    if (result == 0 || result == sizeof(path) - 1) return "";
+    path[PATH_MAX - 1] = 0;
+
+    return path;
 }
-
diff --git a/fingerprintd/IFingerprintDaemonCallback.cpp b/fingerprintd/IFingerprintDaemonCallback.cpp
index 19838c9..1d75aa7 100644
--- a/fingerprintd/IFingerprintDaemonCallback.cpp
+++ b/fingerprintd/IFingerprintDaemonCallback.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 class BpFingerprintDaemonCallback : public BpInterface<IFingerprintDaemonCallback>
 {
 public:
-    BpFingerprintDaemonCallback(const sp<IBinder>& impl) :
+    explicit BpFingerprintDaemonCallback(const sp<IBinder>& impl) :
             BpInterface<IFingerprintDaemonCallback>(impl) {
     }
     virtual status_t onEnrollResult(int64_t devId, int32_t fpId, int32_t gpId, int32_t rem) {
diff --git a/fs_mgr/Android.mk b/fs_mgr/Android.mk
index 28fff3f..d0d5630 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/Android.mk
+++ b/fs_mgr/Android.mk
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
     libfec \
     libfec_rs \
     libbase \
-    libmincrypt \
+    libcrypto_utils_static \
     libcrypto_static \
     libext4_utils_static \
     libsquashfs_utils
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr.c b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr.c
index 70acd38..9fc5999 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr.c
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr.c
@@ -14,35 +14,32 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/swap.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
-#include <libgen.h>
 #include <time.h>
-#include <sys/swap.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <ext4.h>
-#include <ext4_sb.h>
-#include <ext4_crypt_init_extensions.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
-#include <linux/loop.h>
-#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
+#include <ext4.h>
+#include <ext4_crypt_init_extensions.h>
+#include <ext4_sb.h>
+
 #include <cutils/android_reboot.h>
 #include <cutils/partition_utils.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
+#include <linux/loop.h>
 #include <logwrap/logwrap.h>
-
-#include "mincrypt/rsa.h"
-#include "mincrypt/sha.h"
-#include "mincrypt/sha256.h"
+#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
 #include "ext4_utils.h"
 #include "wipe.h"
@@ -588,7 +585,7 @@
                   fstab->recs[top_idx].fs_type);
             if (fs_mgr_is_encryptable(&fstab->recs[top_idx]) &&
                 strcmp(fstab->recs[top_idx].key_loc, KEY_IN_FOOTER)) {
-                int fd = open(fstab->recs[top_idx].key_loc, O_WRONLY, 0644);
+                int fd = open(fstab->recs[top_idx].key_loc, O_WRONLY);
                 if (fd >= 0) {
                     INFO("%s(): also wipe %s\n", __func__, fstab->recs[top_idx].key_loc);
                     wipe_block_device(fd, get_file_size(fd));
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_format.c b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_format.c
index f8df081..0b52e00 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_format.c
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_format.c
@@ -33,15 +33,15 @@
 
 static int format_ext4(char *fs_blkdev, char *fs_mnt_point)
 {
-    unsigned int nr_sec;
+    uint64_t dev_sz;
     int fd, rc = 0;
 
-    if ((fd = open(fs_blkdev, O_WRONLY, 0644)) < 0) {
+    if ((fd = open(fs_blkdev, O_WRONLY)) < 0) {
         ERROR("Cannot open block device.  %s\n", strerror(errno));
         return -1;
     }
 
-    if ((ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE, &nr_sec)) == -1) {
+    if ((ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &dev_sz)) == -1) {
         ERROR("Cannot get block device size.  %s\n", strerror(errno));
         close(fd);
         return -1;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
 
     /* Format the partition using the calculated length */
     reset_ext4fs_info();
-    info.len = ((off64_t)nr_sec * 512);
+    info.len = (off64_t)dev_sz;
 
     /* Use make_ext4fs_internal to avoid wiping an already-wiped partition. */
     rc = make_ext4fs_internal(fd, NULL, NULL, fs_mnt_point, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
diff --git a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_verity.cpp b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_verity.cpp
index b5141c9..129a5bb 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_verity.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/fs_mgr_verity.cpp
@@ -14,29 +14,29 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
-#include <libgen.h>
 #include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
-#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
+#include <crypto_utils/android_pubkey.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <logwrap/logwrap.h>
-
-#include "mincrypt/rsa.h"
-#include "mincrypt/sha.h"
-#include "mincrypt/sha256.h"
+#include <openssl/obj_mac.h>
+#include <openssl/rsa.h>
+#include <openssl/sha.h>
+#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
 #include "fec/io.h"
 
@@ -83,48 +83,45 @@
 
 extern struct fs_info info;
 
-static RSAPublicKey *load_key(const char *path)
+static RSA *load_key(const char *path)
 {
-    RSAPublicKey* key = static_cast<RSAPublicKey*>(malloc(sizeof(RSAPublicKey)));
-    if (!key) {
-        ERROR("Can't malloc key\n");
-        return NULL;
-    }
+    uint8_t key_data[ANDROID_PUBKEY_ENCODED_SIZE];
 
     FILE* f = fopen(path, "r");
     if (!f) {
         ERROR("Can't open '%s'\n", path);
-        free(key);
+        free(key_data);
         return NULL;
     }
 
-    if (!fread(key, sizeof(*key), 1, f)) {
+    if (!fread(key_data, sizeof(key_data), 1, f)) {
         ERROR("Could not read key!\n");
         fclose(f);
-        free(key);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    if (key->len != RSANUMWORDS) {
-        ERROR("Invalid key length %d\n", key->len);
-        fclose(f);
-        free(key);
+        free(key_data);
         return NULL;
     }
 
     fclose(f);
+
+    RSA* key = NULL;
+    if (!android_pubkey_decode(key_data, sizeof(key_data), &key)) {
+        ERROR("Could not parse key!\n");
+        free(key_data);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
     return key;
 }
 
-static int verify_table(const uint8_t *signature, const char *table,
-        uint32_t table_length)
+static int verify_table(const uint8_t *signature, size_t signature_size,
+        const char *table, uint32_t table_length)
 {
-    RSAPublicKey *key;
-    uint8_t hash_buf[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE];
+    RSA *key;
+    uint8_t hash_buf[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
     int retval = -1;
 
     // Hash the table
-    SHA256_hash((uint8_t*)table, table_length, hash_buf);
+    SHA256((uint8_t*)table, table_length, hash_buf);
 
     // Now get the public key from the keyfile
     key = load_key(VERITY_TABLE_RSA_KEY);
@@ -134,11 +131,8 @@
     }
 
     // verify the result
-    if (!RSA_verify(key,
-                    signature,
-                    RSANUMBYTES,
-                    (uint8_t*) hash_buf,
-                    SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE)) {
+    if (!RSA_verify(NID_sha256, hash_buf, sizeof(hash_buf), signature,
+                    signature_size, key)) {
         ERROR("Couldn't verify table\n");
         goto out;
     }
@@ -146,7 +140,7 @@
     retval = 0;
 
 out:
-    free(key);
+    RSA_free(key);
     return retval;
 }
 
@@ -610,8 +604,8 @@
     off64_t offset = 0;
     struct fec_handle *f = NULL;
     struct fec_verity_metadata verity;
-    uint8_t curr[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE];
-    uint8_t prev[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE];
+    uint8_t curr[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
+    uint8_t prev[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
 
     *match = 1;
 
@@ -629,7 +623,7 @@
         goto out;
     }
 
-    SHA256_hash(verity.signature, RSANUMBYTES, curr);
+    SHA256(verity.signature, sizeof(verity.signature), curr);
 
     if (snprintf(tag, sizeof(tag), VERITY_LASTSIG_TAG "_%s",
             basename(fstab->mount_point)) >= (int)sizeof(tag)) {
@@ -637,7 +631,7 @@
         goto out;
     }
 
-    if (metadata_find(fstab->verity_loc, tag, SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE,
+    if (metadata_find(fstab->verity_loc, tag, SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH,
             &offset) < 0) {
         goto out;
     }
@@ -656,7 +650,7 @@
         goto out;
     }
 
-    *match = !memcmp(curr, prev, SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE);
+    *match = !memcmp(curr, prev, SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH);
 
     if (!*match) {
         /* update current signature hash */
@@ -919,7 +913,7 @@
     }
 
     // verify the signature on the table
-    if (verify_table(verity.signature, verity.table,
+    if (verify_table(verity.signature, sizeof(verity.signature), verity.table,
             verity.table_length) < 0) {
         if (params.mode == VERITY_MODE_LOGGING) {
             // the user has been warned, allow mounting without dm-verity
diff --git a/gatekeeperd/IUserManager.cpp b/gatekeeperd/IUserManager.cpp
index 8645fc2..8167d19 100644
--- a/gatekeeperd/IUserManager.cpp
+++ b/gatekeeperd/IUserManager.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 class BpUserManager : public BpInterface<IUserManager>
 {
 public:
-    BpUserManager(const sp<IBinder>& impl) :
+    explicit BpUserManager(const sp<IBinder>& impl) :
             BpInterface<IUserManager>(impl) {
     }
     virtual int32_t getCredentialOwnerProfile(int32_t user_id) {
diff --git a/gatekeeperd/gatekeeperd.cpp b/gatekeeperd/gatekeeperd.cpp
index b4fdab0..7254cf2 100644
--- a/gatekeeperd/gatekeeperd.cpp
+++ b/gatekeeperd/gatekeeperd.cpp
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
 
     void store_sid(uint32_t uid, uint64_t sid) {
         char filename[21];
-        sprintf(filename, "%u", uid);
+        snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%u", uid);
         int fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
         if (fd < 0) {
             ALOGE("could not open file: %s: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
 
     void maybe_store_sid(uint32_t uid, uint64_t sid) {
         char filename[21];
-        sprintf(filename, "%u", uid);
+        snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%u", uid);
         if (access(filename, F_OK) == -1) {
             store_sid(uid, sid);
         }
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
     uint64_t read_sid(uint32_t uid) {
         char filename[21];
         uint64_t sid;
-        sprintf(filename, "%u", uid);
+        snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%u", uid);
         int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
         if (fd < 0) return 0;
         read(fd, &sid, sizeof(sid));
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
 
     void clear_sid(uint32_t uid) {
         char filename[21];
-        sprintf(filename, "%u", uid);
+        snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%u", uid);
         if (remove(filename) < 0) {
             ALOGE("%s: could not remove file [%s], attempting 0 write", __func__, strerror(errno));
             store_sid(uid, 0);
diff --git a/healthd/Android.mk b/healthd/Android.mk
index a4469fc..127f39e 100644
--- a/healthd/Android.mk
+++ b/healthd/Android.mk
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Werror
 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
 LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libbinder
+LOCAL_EXPORT_STATIC_LIBRARY_HEADERS := libbinder
 include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
 
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
@@ -15,17 +17,27 @@
 LOCAL_MODULE := libbatterymonitor
 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
 LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libutils
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libutils libbinder
 include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
 
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
 
+ifeq ($(strip $(BOARD_CHARGER_NO_UI)),true)
+LOCAL_CHARGER_NO_UI := true
+endif
+ifdef BRILLO
+LOCAL_CHARGER_NO_UI := true
+endif
+
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
 	healthd.cpp \
 	healthd_mode_android.cpp \
-	healthd_mode_charger.cpp \
 	BatteryPropertiesRegistrar.cpp
 
+ifneq ($(strip $(LOCAL_CHARGER_NO_UI)),true)
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES += healthd_mode_charger.cpp
+endif
+
 LOCAL_MODULE := healthd
 LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
 LOCAL_FORCE_STATIC_EXECUTABLE := true
@@ -42,9 +54,19 @@
 LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DCHARGER_ENABLE_SUSPEND
 endif
 
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := bootable/recovery
+ifeq ($(strip $(LOCAL_CHARGER_NO_UI)),true)
+LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DCHARGER_NO_UI
+endif
 
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libbatterymonitor libbatteryservice libbinder libminui libpng libz libutils libcutils liblog libm libc
+LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := bootable/recovery $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libbatterymonitor libbatteryservice libbinder
+
+ifneq ($(strip $(LOCAL_CHARGER_NO_UI)),true)
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES += libminui libpng libz
+endif
+
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES += libutils libcutils liblog libm libc
 
 ifeq ($(strip $(BOARD_CHARGER_ENABLE_SUSPEND)),true)
 LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES += libsuspend
@@ -59,6 +81,7 @@
 include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
 
 
+ifneq ($(strip $(LOCAL_CHARGER_NO_UI)),true)
 define _add-charger-image
 include $$(CLEAR_VARS)
 LOCAL_MODULE := system_core_charger_$(notdir $(1))
@@ -84,3 +107,4 @@
 
 _add-charger-image :=
 _img_modules :=
+endif # LOCAL_CHARGER_NO_UI
diff --git a/healthd/BatteryMonitor.cpp b/healthd/BatteryMonitor.cpp
index a8646c5..d287d10 100644
--- a/healthd/BatteryMonitor.cpp
+++ b/healthd/BatteryMonitor.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <memory>
 
 #include <batteryservice/BatteryService.h>
 #include <cutils/klog.h>
@@ -342,11 +343,10 @@
                                 " cc=%d", props.batteryCycleCount);
             }
         } else {
-            snprintf(dmesgline, sizeof(dmesgline),
+            len = snprintf(dmesgline, sizeof(dmesgline),
                  "battery none");
         }
 
-        len = strlen(dmesgline);
         snprintf(dmesgline + len, sizeof(dmesgline) - len, " chg=%s%s%s",
                  props.chargerAcOnline ? "a" : "",
                  props.chargerUsbOnline ? "u" : "",
@@ -488,13 +488,13 @@
     char pval[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
 
     mHealthdConfig = hc;
-    DIR* dir = opendir(POWER_SUPPLY_SYSFS_PATH);
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(POWER_SUPPLY_SYSFS_PATH), closedir);
     if (dir == NULL) {
         KLOG_ERROR(LOG_TAG, "Could not open %s\n", POWER_SUPPLY_SYSFS_PATH);
     } else {
         struct dirent* entry;
 
-        while ((entry = readdir(dir))) {
+        while ((entry = readdir(dir.get()))) {
             const char* name = entry->d_name;
 
             if (!strcmp(name, ".") || !strcmp(name, ".."))
@@ -632,22 +632,17 @@
                 break;
             }
         }
-        closedir(dir);
     }
 
-    // This indicates that there is no charger driver registered.
     // Typically the case for devices which do not have a battery and
     // and are always plugged into AC mains.
-    if (!mChargerNames.size()) {
-        KLOG_ERROR(LOG_TAG, "No charger supplies found\n");
-        mBatteryFixedCapacity = ALWAYS_PLUGGED_CAPACITY;
-        mBatteryFixedTemperature = FAKE_BATTERY_TEMPERATURE;
-        mAlwaysPluggedDevice = true;
-    }
     if (!mBatteryDevicePresent) {
         KLOG_WARNING(LOG_TAG, "No battery devices found\n");
         hc->periodic_chores_interval_fast = -1;
         hc->periodic_chores_interval_slow = -1;
+        mBatteryFixedCapacity = ALWAYS_PLUGGED_CAPACITY;
+        mBatteryFixedTemperature = FAKE_BATTERY_TEMPERATURE;
+        mAlwaysPluggedDevice = true;
     } else {
         if (mHealthdConfig->batteryStatusPath.isEmpty())
             KLOG_WARNING(LOG_TAG, "BatteryStatusPath not found\n");
diff --git a/healthd/healthd.cpp b/healthd/healthd.cpp
index d9ac356..20a6bf6 100644
--- a/healthd/healthd.cpp
+++ b/healthd/healthd.cpp
@@ -109,10 +109,17 @@
 };
 
 static struct healthd_mode_ops charger_ops = {
+#ifdef CHARGER_NO_UI
+    .init = healthd_mode_nop_init,
+    .preparetowait = healthd_mode_nop_preparetowait,
+    .heartbeat = healthd_mode_nop_heartbeat,
+    .battery_update = healthd_mode_nop_battery_update,
+#else
     .init = healthd_mode_charger_init,
     .preparetowait = healthd_mode_charger_preparetowait,
     .heartbeat = healthd_mode_charger_heartbeat,
     .battery_update = healthd_mode_charger_battery_update,
+#endif
 };
 
 static struct healthd_mode_ops recovery_ops = {
diff --git a/include/binderwrapper/binder_wrapper.h b/include/binderwrapper/binder_wrapper.h
index ccda825..a104bff 100644
--- a/include/binderwrapper/binder_wrapper.h
+++ b/include/binderwrapper/binder_wrapper.h
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
   // is currently registered for |binder|, it will be replaced.
   virtual bool RegisterForDeathNotifications(
       const sp<IBinder>& binder,
-      const base::Closure& callback) = 0;
+      const ::base::Closure& callback) = 0;
 
   // Unregisters the callback, if any, for |binder|.
   virtual bool UnregisterForDeathNotifications(const sp<IBinder>& binder) = 0;
diff --git a/include/binderwrapper/stub_binder_wrapper.h b/include/binderwrapper/stub_binder_wrapper.h
index 01c9648..9d4578e 100644
--- a/include/binderwrapper/stub_binder_wrapper.h
+++ b/include/binderwrapper/stub_binder_wrapper.h
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
                        const sp<IBinder>& binder) override;
   sp<BBinder> CreateLocalBinder() override;
   bool RegisterForDeathNotifications(const sp<IBinder>& binder,
-                                     const base::Closure& callback) override;
+                                     const ::base::Closure& callback) override;
   bool UnregisterForDeathNotifications(const sp<IBinder>& binder) override;
   uid_t GetCallingUid() override;
   pid_t GetCallingPid() override;
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
 
   // Map from binder handle to the callback that should be invoked on binder
   // death.
-  std::map<sp<IBinder>, base::Closure> death_callbacks_;
+  std::map<sp<IBinder>, ::base::Closure> death_callbacks_;
 
   // Values to return from GetCallingUid() and GetCallingPid();
   uid_t calling_uid_;
diff --git a/include/log/log.h b/include/log/log.h
index e606a84..045feca 100644
--- a/include/log/log.h
+++ b/include/log/log.h
@@ -614,11 +614,11 @@
  * The stuff in the rest of this file should not be used directly.
  */
 
-#define android_printLog(prio, tag, fmt...) \
-    __android_log_print(prio, tag, fmt)
+#define android_printLog(prio, tag, ...) \
+    __android_log_print(prio, tag, __VA_ARGS__)
 
-#define android_vprintLog(prio, cond, tag, fmt...) \
-    __android_log_vprint(prio, tag, fmt)
+#define android_vprintLog(prio, cond, tag, ...) \
+    __android_log_vprint(prio, tag, __VA_ARGS__)
 
 /* XXX Macros to work around syntax errors in places where format string
  * arg is not passed to ALOG_ASSERT, LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL or LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF
@@ -635,9 +635,9 @@
  */
 #define __android_rest(first, ...)               , ## __VA_ARGS__
 
-#define android_printAssert(cond, tag, fmt...) \
+#define android_printAssert(cond, tag, ...) \
     __android_log_assert(cond, tag, \
-        __android_second(0, ## fmt, NULL) __android_rest(fmt))
+        __android_second(0, ## __VA_ARGS__, NULL) __android_rest(__VA_ARGS__))
 
 #define android_writeLog(prio, tag, text) \
     __android_log_write(prio, tag, text)
diff --git a/include/mincrypt/dsa_sig.h b/include/mincrypt/dsa_sig.h
deleted file mode 100644
index b0d91cd..0000000
--- a/include/mincrypt/dsa_sig.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2013 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
- *       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *       without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
- * EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
- * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#ifndef SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_DSA_SIG_H_
-#define SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_DSA_SIG_H_
-
-#include "mincrypt/p256.h"
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-// Returns 0 if input sig is not a valid ASN.1 sequence
-int dsa_sig_unpack(unsigned char* sig, int sig_len, p256_int* r_int, p256_int* s_int);
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#endif /* SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_DSA_SIG_H_ */
diff --git a/include/mincrypt/hash-internal.h b/include/mincrypt/hash-internal.h
deleted file mode 100644
index c813b44..0000000
--- a/include/mincrypt/hash-internal.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2007 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
- *       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *       without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
- * EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
- * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#ifndef SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_HASH_INTERNAL_H_
-#define SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_HASH_INTERNAL_H_
-
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif  // __cplusplus
-
-struct HASH_CTX;  // forward decl
-
-typedef struct HASH_VTAB {
-  void (* const init)(struct HASH_CTX*);
-  void (* const update)(struct HASH_CTX*, const void*, int);
-  const uint8_t* (* const final)(struct HASH_CTX*);
-  const uint8_t* (* const hash)(const void*, int, uint8_t*);
-  int size;
-} HASH_VTAB;
-
-typedef struct HASH_CTX {
-  const HASH_VTAB * f;
-  uint64_t count;
-  uint8_t buf[64];
-  uint32_t state[8];  // upto SHA2
-} HASH_CTX;
-
-#define HASH_init(ctx) (ctx)->f->init(ctx)
-#define HASH_update(ctx, data, len) (ctx)->f->update(ctx, data, len)
-#define HASH_final(ctx) (ctx)->f->final(ctx)
-#define HASH_hash(data, len, digest) (ctx)->f->hash(data, len, digest)
-#define HASH_size(ctx) (ctx)->f->size
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif  // __cplusplus
-
-#endif  // SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_HASH_INTERNAL_H_
diff --git a/include/mincrypt/p256.h b/include/mincrypt/p256.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 465a1b9..0000000
--- a/include/mincrypt/p256.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2013 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
- *       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *       without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
- * EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
- * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#ifndef SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_LITE_P256_H_
-#define SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_LITE_P256_H_
-
-// Collection of routines manipulating 256 bit unsigned integers.
-// Just enough to implement ecdsa-p256 and related algorithms.
-
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-#define P256_BITSPERDIGIT 32
-#define P256_NDIGITS 8
-#define P256_NBYTES 32
-
-typedef int p256_err;
-typedef uint32_t p256_digit;
-typedef int32_t p256_sdigit;
-typedef uint64_t p256_ddigit;
-typedef int64_t p256_sddigit;
-
-// Defining p256_int as struct to leverage struct assigment.
-typedef struct {
-  p256_digit a[P256_NDIGITS];
-} p256_int;
-
-extern const p256_int SECP256r1_n;  // Curve order
-extern const p256_int SECP256r1_p;  // Curve prime
-extern const p256_int SECP256r1_b;  // Curve param
-
-// Initialize a p256_int to zero.
-void p256_init(p256_int* a);
-
-// Clear a p256_int to zero.
-void p256_clear(p256_int* a);
-
-// Return bit. Index 0 is least significant.
-int p256_get_bit(const p256_int* a, int index);
-
-// b := a % MOD
-void p256_mod(
-    const p256_int* MOD,
-    const p256_int* a,
-    p256_int* b);
-
-// c := a * (top_b | b) % MOD
-void p256_modmul(
-    const p256_int* MOD,
-    const p256_int* a,
-    const p256_digit top_b,
-    const p256_int* b,
-    p256_int* c);
-
-// b := 1 / a % MOD
-// MOD best be SECP256r1_n
-void p256_modinv(
-    const p256_int* MOD,
-    const p256_int* a,
-    p256_int* b);
-
-// b := 1 / a % MOD
-// MOD best be SECP256r1_n
-// Faster than p256_modinv()
-void p256_modinv_vartime(
-    const p256_int* MOD,
-    const p256_int* a,
-    p256_int* b);
-
-// b := a << (n % P256_BITSPERDIGIT)
-// Returns the bits shifted out of most significant digit.
-p256_digit p256_shl(const p256_int* a, int n, p256_int* b);
-
-// b := a >> (n % P256_BITSPERDIGIT)
-void p256_shr(const p256_int* a, int n, p256_int* b);
-
-int p256_is_zero(const p256_int* a);
-int p256_is_odd(const p256_int* a);
-int p256_is_even(const p256_int* a);
-
-// Returns -1, 0 or 1.
-int p256_cmp(const p256_int* a, const p256_int *b);
-
-// c: = a - b
-// Returns -1 on borrow.
-int p256_sub(const p256_int* a, const p256_int* b, p256_int* c);
-
-// c := a + b
-// Returns 1 on carry.
-int p256_add(const p256_int* a, const p256_int* b, p256_int* c);
-
-// c := a + (single digit)b
-// Returns carry 1 on carry.
-int p256_add_d(const p256_int* a, p256_digit b, p256_int* c);
-
-// ec routines.
-
-// {out_x,out_y} := nG
-void p256_base_point_mul(const p256_int *n,
-                         p256_int *out_x,
-                         p256_int *out_y);
-
-// {out_x,out_y} := n{in_x,in_y}
-void p256_point_mul(const p256_int *n,
-                    const p256_int *in_x,
-                    const p256_int *in_y,
-                    p256_int *out_x,
-                    p256_int *out_y);
-
-// {out_x,out_y} := n1G + n2{in_x,in_y}
-void p256_points_mul_vartime(
-    const p256_int *n1, const p256_int *n2,
-    const p256_int *in_x, const p256_int *in_y,
-    p256_int *out_x, p256_int *out_y);
-
-// Return whether point {x,y} is on curve.
-int p256_is_valid_point(const p256_int* x, const p256_int* y);
-
-// Outputs big-endian binary form. No leading zero skips.
-void p256_to_bin(const p256_int* src, uint8_t dst[P256_NBYTES]);
-
-// Reads from big-endian binary form,
-// thus pre-pad with leading zeros if short.
-void p256_from_bin(const uint8_t src[P256_NBYTES], p256_int* dst);
-
-#define P256_DIGITS(x) ((x)->a)
-#define P256_DIGIT(x,y) ((x)->a[y])
-
-#define P256_ZERO {{0}}
-#define P256_ONE {{1}}
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#endif  // SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_LITE_P256_H_
diff --git a/include/mincrypt/p256_ecdsa.h b/include/mincrypt/p256_ecdsa.h
deleted file mode 100644
index da339fa..0000000
--- a/include/mincrypt/p256_ecdsa.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2013 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
- *       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *       without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
- * EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
- * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#ifndef SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_P256_ECDSA_H_
-#define SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_P256_ECDSA_H_
-
-// Using current directory as relative include path here since
-// this code typically gets lifted into a variety of build systems
-// and directory structures.
-#include "p256.h"
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-// Returns 0 if {r,s} is not a signature on message for
-// public key {key_x,key_y}.
-//
-// Note: message is a p256_int.
-// Convert from a binary string using p256_from_bin().
-int p256_ecdsa_verify(const p256_int* key_x,
-                      const p256_int* key_y,
-                      const p256_int* message,
-                      const p256_int* r, const p256_int* s);
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#endif  // SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_P256_ECDSA_H_
diff --git a/include/mincrypt/rsa.h b/include/mincrypt/rsa.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 3d0556b..0000000
--- a/include/mincrypt/rsa.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-/* rsa.h
-**
-** Copyright 2008, The Android Open Source Project
-**
-** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-**     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-**     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-**       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-**     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
-**       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-**       without specific prior written permission.
-**
-** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
-** IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
-** MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
-** EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
-** PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
-** OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
-** WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
-** OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
-** ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-*/
-
-#ifndef SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_RSA_H_
-#define SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_RSA_H_
-
-#include <inttypes.h>
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
-#define RSANUMBYTES 256           /* 2048 bit key length */
-#define RSANUMWORDS (RSANUMBYTES / sizeof(uint32_t))
-
-typedef struct RSAPublicKey {
-    int len;                  /* Length of n[] in number of uint32_t */
-    uint32_t n0inv;           /* -1 / n[0] mod 2^32 */
-    uint32_t n[RSANUMWORDS];  /* modulus as little endian array */
-    uint32_t rr[RSANUMWORDS]; /* R^2 as little endian array */
-    int exponent;             /* 3 or 65537 */
-} RSAPublicKey;
-
-int RSA_verify(const RSAPublicKey *key,
-               const uint8_t* signature,
-               const int len,
-               const uint8_t* hash,
-               const int hash_len);
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
-#endif // SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_RSA_H_
diff --git a/include/mincrypt/sha.h b/include/mincrypt/sha.h
deleted file mode 100644
index ef60aab..0000000
--- a/include/mincrypt/sha.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2005 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
- *       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *       without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
- * EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
- * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-#ifndef SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_SHA1_H_
-#define SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_SHA1_H_
-
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include "hash-internal.h"
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif // __cplusplus
-
-typedef HASH_CTX SHA_CTX;
-
-void SHA_init(SHA_CTX* ctx);
-void SHA_update(SHA_CTX* ctx, const void* data, int len);
-const uint8_t* SHA_final(SHA_CTX* ctx);
-
-// Convenience method. Returns digest address.
-// NOTE: *digest needs to hold SHA_DIGEST_SIZE bytes.
-const uint8_t* SHA_hash(const void* data, int len, uint8_t* digest);
-
-#define SHA_DIGEST_SIZE 20
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif // __cplusplus
-
-#endif  // SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_SHA1_H_
diff --git a/include/mincrypt/sha256.h b/include/mincrypt/sha256.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 3a87c31..0000000
--- a/include/mincrypt/sha256.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2011 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
- *       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *       without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
- * EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
- * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#ifndef SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_SHA256_H_
-#define SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_SHA256_H_
-
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include "hash-internal.h"
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif // __cplusplus
-
-typedef HASH_CTX SHA256_CTX;
-
-void SHA256_init(SHA256_CTX* ctx);
-void SHA256_update(SHA256_CTX* ctx, const void* data, int len);
-const uint8_t* SHA256_final(SHA256_CTX* ctx);
-
-// Convenience method. Returns digest address.
-const uint8_t* SHA256_hash(const void* data, int len, uint8_t* digest);
-
-#define SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE 32
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif // __cplusplus
-
-#endif  // SYSTEM_CORE_INCLUDE_MINCRYPT_SHA256_H_
diff --git a/include/private/android_filesystem_config.h b/include/private/android_filesystem_config.h
index c220a0c..e540de2 100644
--- a/include/private/android_filesystem_config.h
+++ b/include/private/android_filesystem_config.h
@@ -89,6 +89,10 @@
 #define AID_DEBUGGERD     1045  /* debuggerd unprivileged user */
 #define AID_MEDIA_CODEC   1046  /* mediacodec process */
 #define AID_CAMERASERVER  1047  /* cameraserver process */
+#define AID_FIREWALL      1048  /* firewalld process */
+#define AID_TRUNKS        1049  /* trunksd process (TPM daemon) */
+#define AID_NVRAM         1050  /* Access-controlled NVRAM */
+/* Changes to this file must be made in AOSP, *not* in internal branches. */
 
 #define AID_SHELL         2000  /* adb and debug shell user */
 #define AID_CACHE         2001  /* cache access */
@@ -196,6 +200,9 @@
     { "debuggerd",     AID_DEBUGGERD, },
     { "mediacodec",    AID_MEDIA_CODEC, },
     { "cameraserver",  AID_CAMERASERVER, },
+    { "firewall",      AID_FIREWALL, },
+    { "trunks",        AID_TRUNKS, },
+    { "nvram",         AID_NVRAM, },
 
     { "shell",         AID_SHELL, },
     { "cache",         AID_CACHE, },
diff --git a/include/utils/Condition.h b/include/utils/Condition.h
index 5a72519..a420185 100644
--- a/include/utils/Condition.h
+++ b/include/utils/Condition.h
@@ -106,30 +106,40 @@
     return -pthread_cond_wait(&mCond, &mutex.mMutex);
 }
 inline status_t Condition::waitRelative(Mutex& mutex, nsecs_t reltime) {
-#if defined(HAVE_PTHREAD_COND_TIMEDWAIT_RELATIVE)
-    struct timespec ts;
-    ts.tv_sec  = reltime/1000000000;
-    ts.tv_nsec = reltime%1000000000;
-    return -pthread_cond_timedwait_relative_np(&mCond, &mutex.mMutex, &ts);
-#else // HAVE_PTHREAD_COND_TIMEDWAIT_RELATIVE
     struct timespec ts;
 #if defined(__linux__)
     clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
 #else // __APPLE__
-    // we don't support the clocks here.
+    // Apple doesn't support POSIX clocks.
     struct timeval t;
     gettimeofday(&t, NULL);
     ts.tv_sec = t.tv_sec;
-    ts.tv_nsec= t.tv_usec*1000;
+    ts.tv_nsec = t.tv_usec*1000;
 #endif
-    ts.tv_sec += reltime/1000000000;
-    ts.tv_nsec+= reltime%1000000000;
-    if (ts.tv_nsec >= 1000000000) {
+
+    // On 32-bit devices, tv_sec is 32-bit, but `reltime` is 64-bit.
+    int64_t reltime_sec = reltime/1000000000;
+
+    ts.tv_nsec += reltime%1000000000;
+    if (reltime_sec < INT64_MAX && ts.tv_nsec >= 1000000000) {
         ts.tv_nsec -= 1000000000;
-        ts.tv_sec  += 1;
+        ++reltime_sec;
     }
+
+    int64_t time_sec = ts.tv_sec;
+    if (time_sec > INT64_MAX - reltime_sec) {
+        time_sec = INT64_MAX;
+    } else {
+        time_sec += reltime_sec;
+    }
+
+#if defined(__LP64__)
+    ts.tv_sec = time_sec;
+#else
+    ts.tv_sec = (time_sec > INT32_MAX) ? INT32_MAX : time_sec;
+#endif
+
     return -pthread_cond_timedwait(&mCond, &mutex.mMutex, &ts);
-#endif // HAVE_PTHREAD_COND_TIMEDWAIT_RELATIVE
 }
 inline void Condition::signal() {
     /*
diff --git a/include/utils/String16.h b/include/utils/String16.h
index 9a67c7a..4a5874a 100644
--- a/include/utils/String16.h
+++ b/include/utils/String16.h
@@ -17,8 +17,10 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_STRING16_H
 #define ANDROID_STRING16_H
 
+#include <string> // for std::string
+
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
-#include <utils/Unicode.h>
+#include <utils/String8.h>
 #include <utils/TypeHelpers.h>
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -62,9 +64,10 @@
     explicit                    String16(const char* o, size_t len);
 
                                 ~String16();
-    
+
     inline  const char16_t*     string() const;
-    
+
+    static inline std::string   std_string(const String16& str);
             size_t              size() const;
             void                setTo(const String16& other);
             status_t            setTo(const char16_t* other);
@@ -72,12 +75,12 @@
             status_t            setTo(const String16& other,
                                       size_t len,
                                       size_t begin=0);
-    
+
             status_t            append(const String16& other);
             status_t            append(const char16_t* other, size_t len);
-            
+
     inline  String16&           operator=(const String16& other);
-    
+
     inline  String16&           operator+=(const String16& other);
     inline  String16            operator+(const String16& other) const;
 
@@ -90,7 +93,7 @@
 
             bool                startsWith(const String16& prefix) const;
             bool                startsWith(const char16_t* prefix) const;
-            
+
             status_t            makeLower();
 
             status_t            replaceAll(char16_t replaceThis,
@@ -106,16 +109,16 @@
     inline  bool                operator!=(const String16& other) const;
     inline  bool                operator>=(const String16& other) const;
     inline  bool                operator>(const String16& other) const;
-    
+
     inline  bool                operator<(const char16_t* other) const;
     inline  bool                operator<=(const char16_t* other) const;
     inline  bool                operator==(const char16_t* other) const;
     inline  bool                operator!=(const char16_t* other) const;
     inline  bool                operator>=(const char16_t* other) const;
     inline  bool                operator>(const char16_t* other) const;
-    
+
     inline                      operator const char16_t*() const;
-    
+
 private:
             const char16_t*     mString;
 };
@@ -142,6 +145,11 @@
     return mString;
 }
 
+inline std::string String16::std_string(const String16& str)
+{
+    return std::string(String8(str).string());
+}
+
 inline String16& String16::operator=(const String16& other)
 {
     setTo(other);
diff --git a/include/utils/String8.h b/include/utils/String8.h
index 2a75b98..1d12994 100644
--- a/include/utils/String8.h
+++ b/include/utils/String8.h
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_STRING8_H
 #define ANDROID_STRING8_H
 
+#include <string> // for std::string
+
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
 #include <utils/Unicode.h>
 #include <utils/TypeHelpers.h>
@@ -49,7 +51,7 @@
                                 String8(const String8& o);
     explicit                    String8(const char* o);
     explicit                    String8(const char* o, size_t numChars);
-    
+
     explicit                    String8(const String16& o);
     explicit                    String8(const char16_t* o);
     explicit                    String8(const char16_t* o, size_t numChars);
@@ -63,12 +65,13 @@
     static String8              formatV(const char* fmt, va_list args);
 
     inline  const char*         string() const;
+    static inline std::string   std_string(const String8& str);
     inline  size_t              size() const;
     inline  size_t              bytes() const;
     inline  bool                isEmpty() const;
-    
+
             size_t              length() const;
-    
+
             void                clear();
 
             void                setTo(const String8& other);
@@ -95,10 +98,10 @@
 
     inline  String8&            operator=(const String8& other);
     inline  String8&            operator=(const char* other);
-    
+
     inline  String8&            operator+=(const String8& other);
     inline  String8             operator+(const String8& other) const;
-    
+
     inline  String8&            operator+=(const char* other);
     inline  String8             operator+(const char* other) const;
 
@@ -110,20 +113,20 @@
     inline  bool                operator!=(const String8& other) const;
     inline  bool                operator>=(const String8& other) const;
     inline  bool                operator>(const String8& other) const;
-    
+
     inline  bool                operator<(const char* other) const;
     inline  bool                operator<=(const char* other) const;
     inline  bool                operator==(const char* other) const;
     inline  bool                operator!=(const char* other) const;
     inline  bool                operator>=(const char* other) const;
     inline  bool                operator>(const char* other) const;
-    
+
     inline                      operator const char*() const;
-    
+
             char*               lockBuffer(size_t size);
             void                unlockBuffer();
             status_t            unlockBuffer(size_t size);
-            
+
             // return the index of the first byte of other in this at or after
             // start, or -1 if not found
             ssize_t             find(const char* other, size_t start = 0) const;
@@ -261,6 +264,11 @@
     return mString;
 }
 
+inline std::string String8::std_string(const String8& str)
+{
+    return std::string(str.string());
+}
+
 inline size_t String8::size() const
 {
     return length();
diff --git a/init/Android.mk b/init/Android.mk
index 4827fa3..2525b00 100644
--- a/init/Android.mk
+++ b/init/Android.mk
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
     libc \
     libselinux \
     liblog \
-    libmincrypt \
+    libcrypto_utils_static \
     libcrypto_static \
     libc++_static \
     libdl \
diff --git a/init/action.cpp b/init/action.cpp
index 510ea89..b7e431c 100644
--- a/init/action.cpp
+++ b/init/action.cpp
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@
 
 class EventTrigger : public Trigger {
 public:
-    EventTrigger(const std::string& trigger) : trigger_(trigger) {
+    explicit EventTrigger(const std::string& trigger) : trigger_(trigger) {
     }
     bool CheckTriggers(const Action& action) const override {
         return action.CheckEventTrigger(trigger_);
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
 
 class BuiltinTrigger : public Trigger {
 public:
-    BuiltinTrigger(Action* action) : action_(action) {
+    explicit BuiltinTrigger(Action* action) : action_(action) {
     }
     bool CheckTriggers(const Action& action) const override {
         return action_ == &action;
diff --git a/init/builtins.cpp b/init/builtins.cpp
index b77f9ad..e56ec4e 100644
--- a/init/builtins.cpp
+++ b/init/builtins.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/resource.h>
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
@@ -48,7 +49,6 @@
 #include <cutils/partition_utils.h>
 #include <cutils/android_reboot.h>
 #include <logwrap/logwrap.h>
-#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
 #include "action.h"
 #include "bootchart.h"
@@ -65,19 +65,20 @@
 #define UNMOUNT_CHECK_MS 5000
 #define UNMOUNT_CHECK_TIMES 10
 
-// System call provided by bionic but not in any header file.
-extern "C" int init_module(void *, unsigned long, const char *);
-
 static const int kTerminateServiceDelayMicroSeconds = 50000;
 
 static int insmod(const char *filename, const char *options) {
-    std::string module;
-    if (!read_file(filename, &module)) {
+    int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_NOFOLLOW | O_CLOEXEC);
+    if (fd == -1) {
+        ERROR("insmod: open(\"%s\") failed: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
         return -1;
     }
-
-    // TODO: use finit_module for >= 3.8 kernels.
-    return init_module(&module[0], module.size(), options);
+    int rc = syscall(__NR_finit_module, fd, options, 0);
+    if (rc == -1) {
+        ERROR("finit_module for \"%s\" failed: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
+    }
+    close(fd);
+    return rc;
 }
 
 static int __ifupdown(const char *interface, int up) {
diff --git a/init/devices.cpp b/init/devices.cpp
index cffc561..d452dd3 100644
--- a/init/devices.cpp
+++ b/init/devices.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@
 #include <sys/un.h>
 #include <linux/netlink.h>
 
+#include <memory>
+
 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
 #include <selinux/label.h>
 #include <selinux/android.h>
@@ -420,7 +422,7 @@
 static char **get_character_device_symlinks(struct uevent *uevent)
 {
     const char *parent;
-    char *slash;
+    const char *slash;
     char **links;
     int link_num = 0;
     int width;
@@ -474,7 +476,7 @@
 {
     const char *device;
     struct platform_node *pdev;
-    char *slash;
+    const char *slash;
     const char *type;
     char buf[256];
     char link_path[256];
@@ -966,10 +968,9 @@
 
 static void coldboot(const char *path)
 {
-    DIR *d = opendir(path);
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> d(opendir(path), closedir);
     if(d) {
-        do_coldboot(d);
-        closedir(d);
+        do_coldboot(d.get());
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/init/init.cpp b/init/init.cpp
index 84da2b9..78c33d5 100644
--- a/init/init.cpp
+++ b/init/init.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
-#include <fstream>
 #include <libgen.h>
 #include <paths.h>
 #include <signal.h>
@@ -75,8 +74,7 @@
 
 static char qemu[32];
 
-int have_console;
-std::string console_name = "/dev/console";
+std::string default_console = "/dev/console";
 static time_t process_needs_restart;
 
 const char *ENV[32];
@@ -251,100 +249,6 @@
     return result;
 }
 
-static void security_failure() {
-    ERROR("Security failure; rebooting into recovery mode...\n");
-    android_reboot(ANDROID_RB_RESTART2, 0, "recovery");
-    while (true) { pause(); }  // never reached
-}
-
-#define MMAP_RND_PATH "/proc/sys/vm/mmap_rnd_bits"
-#define MMAP_RND_COMPAT_PATH "/proc/sys/vm/mmap_rnd_compat_bits"
-
-/* __attribute__((unused)) due to lack of mips support: see mips block
- * in set_mmap_rnd_bits_action */
-static bool __attribute__((unused)) set_mmap_rnd_bits_min(int start, int min, bool compat) {
-    std::string path;
-    if (compat) {
-        path = MMAP_RND_COMPAT_PATH;
-    } else {
-        path = MMAP_RND_PATH;
-    }
-    std::ifstream inf(path, std::fstream::in);
-    if (!inf) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    while (start >= min) {
-        // try to write out new value
-        std::string str_val = std::to_string(start);
-        std::ofstream of(path, std::fstream::out);
-        if (!of) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        of << str_val << std::endl;
-        of.close();
-
-        // check to make sure it was recorded
-        inf.seekg(0);
-        std::string str_rec;
-        inf >> str_rec;
-        if (str_val.compare(str_rec) == 0) {
-            break;
-        }
-        start--;
-    }
-    inf.close();
-    return (start >= min);
-}
-
-/*
- * Set /proc/sys/vm/mmap_rnd_bits and potentially
- * /proc/sys/vm/mmap_rnd_compat_bits to the maximum supported values.
- * Returns -1 if unable to set these to an acceptable value.  Apply
- * upstream patch-sets https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/12/21/337 and
- * https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/2/4/831 to enable this.
- */
-static int set_mmap_rnd_bits_action(const std::vector<std::string>& args)
-{
-    int ret = -1;
-
-    /* values are arch-dependent */
-#if defined(__aarch64__)
-    /* arm64 supports 18 - 33 bits depending on pagesize and VA_SIZE */
-    if (set_mmap_rnd_bits_min(33, 24, false)
-            && set_mmap_rnd_bits_min(16, 16, true)) {
-        ret = 0;
-    }
-#elif defined(__x86_64__)
-    /* x86_64 supports 28 - 32 bits */
-    if (set_mmap_rnd_bits_min(32, 32, false)
-            && set_mmap_rnd_bits_min(16, 16, true)) {
-        ret = 0;
-    }
-#elif defined(__arm__) || defined(__i386__)
-    /* check to see if we're running on 64-bit kernel */
-    bool h64 = !access(MMAP_RND_COMPAT_PATH, F_OK);
-    /* supported 32-bit architecture must have 16 bits set */
-    if (set_mmap_rnd_bits_min(16, 16, h64)) {
-        ret = 0;
-    }
-#elif defined(__mips__) || defined(__mips64__)
-    // TODO: add mips support b/27788820
-    ret = 0;
-#else
-    ERROR("Unknown architecture\n");
-#endif
-
-#ifdef __BRILLO__
-    // TODO: b/27794137
-    ret = 0;
-#endif
-    if (ret == -1) {
-        ERROR("Unable to set adequate mmap entropy value!\n");
-        security_failure();
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-
 static int keychord_init_action(const std::vector<std::string>& args)
 {
     keychord_init();
@@ -355,36 +259,8 @@
 {
     std::string console = property_get("ro.boot.console");
     if (!console.empty()) {
-        console_name = "/dev/" + console;
+        default_console = "/dev/" + console;
     }
-
-    int fd = open(console_name.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC);
-    if (fd >= 0)
-        have_console = 1;
-    close(fd);
-
-    fd = open("/dev/tty0", O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
-    if (fd >= 0) {
-        const char *msg;
-            msg = "\n"
-        "\n"
-        "\n"
-        "\n"
-        "\n"
-        "\n"
-        "\n"  // console is 40 cols x 30 lines
-        "\n"
-        "\n"
-        "\n"
-        "\n"
-        "\n"
-        "\n"
-        "\n"
-        "             A N D R O I D ";
-        write(fd, msg, strlen(msg));
-        close(fd);
-    }
-
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -515,24 +391,6 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-int selinux_reload_policy(void)
-{
-    INFO("SELinux: Attempting to reload policy files\n");
-
-    if (selinux_android_reload_policy() == -1) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    if (sehandle)
-        selabel_close(sehandle);
-
-    if (sehandle_prop)
-        selabel_close(sehandle_prop);
-
-    selinux_init_all_handles();
-    return 0;
-}
-
 static int audit_callback(void *data, security_class_t /*cls*/, char *buf, size_t len) {
 
     property_audit_data *d = reinterpret_cast<property_audit_data*>(data);
@@ -547,6 +405,12 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
+static void security_failure() {
+    ERROR("Security failure; rebooting into recovery mode...\n");
+    android_reboot(ANDROID_RB_RESTART2, 0, "recovery");
+    while (true) { pause(); }  // never reached
+}
+
 static void selinux_initialize(bool in_kernel_domain) {
     Timer t;
 
@@ -610,6 +474,7 @@
         #define MAKE_STR(x) __STRING(x)
         mount("proc", "/proc", "proc", 0, "hidepid=2,gid=" MAKE_STR(AID_READPROC));
         mount("sysfs", "/sys", "sysfs", 0, NULL);
+        mount("selinuxfs", "/sys/fs/selinux", "selinuxfs", 0, NULL);
     }
 
     // We must have some place other than / to create the device nodes for
@@ -695,7 +560,6 @@
     am.QueueBuiltinAction(wait_for_coldboot_done_action, "wait_for_coldboot_done");
     // ... so that we can start queuing up actions that require stuff from /dev.
     am.QueueBuiltinAction(mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng_action, "mix_hwrng_into_linux_rng");
-    am.QueueBuiltinAction(set_mmap_rnd_bits_action, "set_mmap_rnd_bits");
     am.QueueBuiltinAction(keychord_init_action, "keychord_init");
     am.QueueBuiltinAction(console_init_action, "console_init");
 
diff --git a/init/init.h b/init/init.h
index 345d442..0019337 100644
--- a/init/init.h
+++ b/init/init.h
@@ -26,8 +26,7 @@
 
 extern const char *ENV[32];
 extern bool waiting_for_exec;
-extern int have_console;
-extern std::string console_name;
+extern std::string default_console;
 extern struct selabel_handle *sehandle;
 extern struct selabel_handle *sehandle_prop;
 
@@ -35,8 +34,6 @@
 
 void property_changed(const char *name, const char *value);
 
-int selinux_reload_policy(void);
-
 void register_epoll_handler(int fd, void (*fn)());
 
 int add_environment(const char* key, const char* val);
diff --git a/init/parser.cpp b/init/parser.cpp
index 8193729..ae103ec 100644
--- a/init/parser.cpp
+++ b/init/parser.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
     char buf[128];
     int off;
 
-    snprintf(buf, 128, "%s: %d: ", state->filename, state->line);
+    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s: %d: ", state->filename, state->line);
     buf[127] = 0;
     off = strlen(buf);
 
diff --git a/init/perfboot.py b/init/perfboot.py
index 91e6c2b..713290b 100755
--- a/init/perfboot.py
+++ b/init/perfboot.py
@@ -191,9 +191,9 @@
 
 def init_perf(device, output, record_list, tags):
     device.wait()
-    build_type = device.get_prop('ro.build.type')
+    debuggable = device.get_prop('ro.debuggable')
     original_dropbox_max_files = None
-    if build_type != 'user':
+    if debuggable == '1':
         # Workaround for Dropbox issue (http://b/20890386).
         original_dropbox_max_files = disable_dropbox(device)
 
diff --git a/init/property_service.cpp b/init/property_service.cpp
index 5c1ae79..c617dc6 100644
--- a/init/property_service.cpp
+++ b/init/property_service.cpp
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
-#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
 #include <selinux/label.h>
@@ -175,11 +174,7 @@
     if (!is_legal_property_name(name, namelen)) return -1;
     if (valuelen >= PROP_VALUE_MAX) return -1;
 
-    if (strcmp("selinux.reload_policy", name) == 0 && strcmp("1", value) == 0) {
-        if (selinux_reload_policy() != 0) {
-            ERROR("Failed to reload policy\n");
-        }
-    } else if (strcmp("selinux.restorecon_recursive", name) == 0 && valuelen > 0) {
+    if (strcmp("selinux.restorecon_recursive", name) == 0 && valuelen > 0) {
         if (restorecon_recursive(value) != 0) {
             ERROR("Failed to restorecon_recursive %s\n", value);
         }
diff --git a/init/readme.txt b/init/readme.txt
index ef85ccf..aa372eb 100644
--- a/init/readme.txt
+++ b/init/readme.txt
@@ -115,6 +115,13 @@
 Options are modifiers to services.  They affect how and when init
 runs the service.
 
+console [<console>]
+  This service needs a console. The optional second parameter chooses a
+  specific console instead of the default. The default "/dev/console" can
+  be changed by setting the "androidboot.console" kernel parameter. In
+  all cases the leading "/dev/" should be omitted, so "/dev/tty0" would be
+  specified as just "console tty0".
+
 critical
   This is a device-critical service. If it exits more than four times in
   four minutes, the device will reboot into recovery mode.
diff --git a/init/service.cpp b/init/service.cpp
index f1ffa18..f5b8b00 100644
--- a/init/service.cpp
+++ b/init/service.cpp
@@ -172,6 +172,7 @@
 
 bool Service::HandleConsole(const std::vector<std::string>& args, std::string* err) {
     flags_ |= SVC_CONSOLE;
+    console_ = args.size() > 1 ? "/dev/" + args[1] : "";
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -282,7 +283,7 @@
     constexpr std::size_t kMax = std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max();
     static const Map option_handlers = {
         {"class",       {1,     1,    &Service::HandleClass}},
-        {"console",     {0,     0,    &Service::HandleConsole}},
+        {"console",     {0,     1,    &Service::HandleConsole}},
         {"critical",    {0,     0,    &Service::HandleCritical}},
         {"disabled",    {0,     0,    &Service::HandleDisabled}},
         {"group",       {1,     NR_SVC_SUPP_GIDS + 1, &Service::HandleGroup}},
@@ -329,10 +330,18 @@
     }
 
     bool needs_console = (flags_ & SVC_CONSOLE);
-    if (needs_console && !have_console) {
-        ERROR("service '%s' requires console\n", name_.c_str());
-        flags_ |= SVC_DISABLED;
-        return false;
+    if (needs_console) {
+        if (console_.empty()) {
+            console_ = default_console;
+        }
+
+        bool have_console = (open(console_.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC) != -1);
+        if (!have_console) {
+            ERROR("service '%s' couldn't open console '%s': %s\n",
+                  name_.c_str(), console_.c_str(), strerror(errno));
+            flags_ |= SVC_DISABLED;
+            return false;
+        }
     }
 
     struct stat sb;
@@ -591,10 +600,8 @@
 }
 
 void Service::OpenConsole() const {
-    int fd;
-    if ((fd = open(console_name.c_str(), O_RDWR)) < 0) {
-        fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
-    }
+    int fd = open(console_.c_str(), O_RDWR);
+    if (fd == -1) fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
     ioctl(fd, TIOCSCTTY, 0);
     dup2(fd, 0);
     dup2(fd, 1);
diff --git a/init/service.h b/init/service.h
index d9d18ef..d6ce664 100644
--- a/init/service.h
+++ b/init/service.h
@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@
 
     std::string name_;
     std::string classname_;
+    std::string console_;
 
     unsigned flags_;
     pid_t pid_;
diff --git a/init/ueventd.cpp b/init/ueventd.cpp
index 249739b..73b2136 100644
--- a/init/ueventd.cpp
+++ b/init/ueventd.cpp
@@ -16,14 +16,17 @@
 
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
+#include <grp.h>
 #include <poll.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
 #include <signal.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
-#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
 
 #include "ueventd.h"
@@ -84,15 +87,6 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_android_id(const char *id)
-{
-    unsigned int i;
-    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(android_ids); i++)
-        if (!strcmp(id, android_ids[i].name))
-            return android_ids[i].aid;
-    return -1;
-}
-
 void set_device_permission(int nargs, char **args)
 {
     char *name;
@@ -103,7 +97,6 @@
     int prefix = 0;
     int wildcard = 0;
     char *endptr;
-    int ret;
     char *tmp = 0;
 
     if (nargs == 0)
@@ -151,21 +144,21 @@
         return;
     }
 
-    ret = get_android_id(args[2]);
-    if (ret < 0) {
+    struct passwd* pwd = getpwnam(args[2]);
+    if (!pwd) {
         ERROR("invalid uid '%s'\n", args[2]);
         free(tmp);
         return;
     }
-    uid = ret;
+    uid = pwd->pw_uid;
 
-    ret = get_android_id(args[3]);
-    if (ret < 0) {
+    struct group* grp = getgrnam(args[3]);
+    if (!grp) {
         ERROR("invalid gid '%s'\n", args[3]);
         free(tmp);
         return;
     }
-    gid = ret;
+    gid = grp->gr_gid;
 
     add_dev_perms(name, attr, perm, uid, gid, prefix, wildcard);
     free(tmp);
diff --git a/init/util.cpp b/init/util.cpp
index 84b4155..750e040 100644
--- a/init/util.cpp
+++ b/init/util.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <ftw.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
 
 #include <selinux/label.h>
 #include <selinux/android.h>
@@ -39,38 +40,24 @@
 #include <cutils/sockets.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 
-#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
-
 #include "init.h"
 #include "log.h"
 #include "property_service.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
-/*
- * android_name_to_id - returns the integer uid/gid associated with the given
- * name, or UINT_MAX on error.
- */
-static unsigned int android_name_to_id(const char *name)
-{
-    const struct android_id_info *info = android_ids;
-    unsigned int n;
-
-    for (n = 0; n < android_id_count; n++) {
-        if (!strcmp(info[n].name, name))
-            return info[n].aid;
-    }
-
-    return UINT_MAX;
-}
-
 static unsigned int do_decode_uid(const char *s)
 {
     unsigned int v;
 
     if (!s || *s == '\0')
         return UINT_MAX;
-    if (isalpha(s[0]))
-        return android_name_to_id(s);
+
+    if (isalpha(s[0])) {
+        struct passwd* pwd = getpwnam(s);
+        if (!pwd)
+            return UINT_MAX;
+        return pwd->pw_uid;
+    }
 
     errno = 0;
     v = (unsigned int) strtoul(s, 0, 0);
@@ -355,7 +342,7 @@
 {
     int ret;
     char buf[256];
-    char *slash;
+    const char *slash;
     int width;
 
     slash = strrchr(newpath, '/');
@@ -401,20 +388,18 @@
 
 void open_devnull_stdio(void)
 {
-    // Try to avoid the mknod() call if we can. Since SELinux makes
-    // a /dev/null replacement available for free, let's use it.
     int fd = open("/sys/fs/selinux/null", O_RDWR);
     if (fd == -1) {
-        // OOPS, /sys/fs/selinux/null isn't available, likely because
-        // /sys/fs/selinux isn't mounted. Fall back to mknod.
-        static const char *name = "/dev/__null__";
-        if (mknod(name, S_IFCHR | 0600, (1 << 8) | 3) == 0) {
-            fd = open(name, O_RDWR);
-            unlink(name);
-        }
-        if (fd == -1) {
-            exit(1);
-        }
+        /* Fail silently.
+         * stdout/stderr isn't available, and because
+         * klog_init() is called after open_devnull_stdio(), we can't
+         * log to dmesg. Reordering klog_init() to be called before
+         * open_devnull_stdio() isn't an option either, as then klog_fd
+         * will be assigned 0 or 1, which will end up getting clobbered
+         * by the code below. There's nowhere good to log.
+         */
+
+        exit(1);
     }
 
     dup2(fd, 0);
diff --git a/libbacktrace/Android.mk b/libbacktrace/Android.mk
index ee25e08..632b1b6 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/Android.mk
+++ b/libbacktrace/Android.mk
@@ -71,14 +71,22 @@
 build_type := host
 libbacktrace_multilib := both
 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/Android.build.mk
+
+libbacktrace_shared_libraries :=
+
 libbacktrace_static_libraries := \
 	libbase \
 	liblog \
 	libunwind \
+	liblzma \
 
+module := libbacktrace
+build_type := target
 build_target := STATIC_LIBRARY
 include $(LOCAL_PATH)/Android.build.mk
-libbacktrace_static_libraries :=
+build_type := host
+libbacktrace_multilib := both
+include $(LOCAL_PATH)/Android.build.mk
 
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # The libbacktrace_offline shared library.
diff --git a/libbacktrace/BacktraceMap.cpp b/libbacktrace/BacktraceMap.cpp
index ba86632..19551dc 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/BacktraceMap.cpp
+++ b/libbacktrace/BacktraceMap.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <ctype.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -46,8 +47,8 @@
 }
 
 bool BacktraceMap::ParseLine(const char* line, backtrace_map_t* map) {
-  unsigned long int start;
-  unsigned long int end;
+  uint64_t start;
+  uint64_t end;
   char permissions[5];
   int name_pos;
 
@@ -56,14 +57,14 @@
 // __TEXT                 0009f000-000a1000 [    8K     8K] r-x/rwx SM=COW  /Volumes/android/dalvik-dev/out/host/darwin-x86/bin/libcorkscrew_test\n
 // 012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
 // 0         1         2         3         4         5
-  if (sscanf(line, "%*21c %lx-%lx [%*13c] %3c/%*3c SM=%*3c  %n",
+  if (sscanf(line, "%*21c %" SCNx64 "-%" SCNx64 " [%*13c] %3c/%*3c SM=%*3c  %n",
              &start, &end, permissions, &name_pos) != 3) {
 #else
 // Linux /proc/<pid>/maps lines:
 // 6f000000-6f01e000 rwxp 00000000 00:0c 16389419   /system/lib/libcomposer.so\n
 // 012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
 // 0         1         2         3         4         5
-  if (sscanf(line, "%lx-%lx %4s %*x %*x:%*x %*d %n",
+  if (sscanf(line, "%" SCNx64 "-%" SCNx64 " %4s %*x %*x:%*x %*d %n",
              &start, &end, permissions, &name_pos) != 3) {
 #endif
     return false;
diff --git a/libbacktrace/BacktraceOffline.cpp b/libbacktrace/BacktraceOffline.cpp
index 9a4f622..c2b68bc 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/BacktraceOffline.cpp
+++ b/libbacktrace/BacktraceOffline.cpp
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@
 
 class ScopedZiparchiveHandle {
  public:
-  ScopedZiparchiveHandle(ZipArchiveHandle handle) : handle_(handle) {
+  explicit ScopedZiparchiveHandle(ZipArchiveHandle handle) : handle_(handle) {
   }
 
   ~ScopedZiparchiveHandle() {
diff --git a/libbacktrace/GetPss.cpp b/libbacktrace/GetPss.cpp
index 09a721d..b4dc48d 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/GetPss.cpp
+++ b/libbacktrace/GetPss.cpp
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 #define PAGEMAP_SWAP_OFFSET(x) (_BITS(x, 5, 50))
 #define PAGEMAP_SWAP_TYPE(x)   (_BITS(x, 0,  5))
 
-static bool ReadData(int fd, unsigned long place, uint64_t *data) {
+static bool ReadData(int fd, off_t place, uint64_t *data) {
   if (lseek(fd, place * sizeof(uint64_t), SEEK_SET) < 0) {
     return false;
   }
@@ -71,12 +71,13 @@
       total_pss = 0;
       break;
     }
-    for (size_t page = start/pagesize; page < end/pagesize; page++) {
+    for (off_t page = static_cast<off_t>(start/pagesize);
+         page < static_cast<off_t>(end/pagesize); page++) {
       uint64_t data;
       if (ReadData(pagemap_fd, page, &data)) {
         if (PAGEMAP_PRESENT(data) && !PAGEMAP_SWAPPED(data)) {
           uint64_t count;
-          if (ReadData(pagecount_fd, PAGEMAP_PFN(data), &count)) {
+          if (ReadData(pagecount_fd, static_cast<off_t>(PAGEMAP_PFN(data)), &count)) {
             total_pss += (count >= 1) ? pagesize / count : 0;
           }
         }
diff --git a/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp b/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
index f6b2591..df6c6c1 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
+++ b/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
@@ -414,17 +414,16 @@
   char task_path[128];
   snprintf(task_path, sizeof(task_path), "/proc/%d/task", pid);
 
-  DIR* tasks_dir = opendir(task_path);
+  std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> tasks_dir(opendir(task_path), closedir);
   ASSERT_TRUE(tasks_dir != nullptr);
   struct dirent* entry;
-  while ((entry = readdir(tasks_dir)) != nullptr) {
+  while ((entry = readdir(tasks_dir.get())) != nullptr) {
     char* end;
     pid_t tid = strtoul(entry->d_name, &end, 10);
     if (*end == '\0') {
       threads->push_back(tid);
     }
   }
-  closedir(tasks_dir);
 }
 
 TEST(libbacktrace, ptrace_threads) {
@@ -1445,9 +1444,9 @@
   }
   size_t new_pss = GetPssBytes();
   ASSERT_TRUE(new_pss != 0);
-  size_t abs_diff = (new_pss > stable_pss) ? new_pss - stable_pss : stable_pss - new_pss;
-  // As long as the new pss is within a certain amount, consider everything okay.
-  ASSERT_LE(abs_diff, MAX_LEAK_BYTES);
+  if (new_pss > stable_pss) {
+    ASSERT_LE(new_pss - stable_pss, MAX_LEAK_BYTES);
+  }
 }
 
 TEST(libbacktrace, check_for_leak_local) {
diff --git a/libbinderwrapper/real_binder_wrapper.cc b/libbinderwrapper/real_binder_wrapper.cc
index 1c51822..f93f183 100644
--- a/libbinderwrapper/real_binder_wrapper.cc
+++ b/libbinderwrapper/real_binder_wrapper.cc
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 // be awkward.
 class RealBinderWrapper::DeathRecipient : public IBinder::DeathRecipient {
  public:
-  explicit DeathRecipient(const base::Closure& callback)
+  explicit DeathRecipient(const ::base::Closure& callback)
       : callback_(callback) {}
   ~DeathRecipient() = default;
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 
  private:
   // Callback to run in response to binder death.
-  base::Closure callback_;
+  ::base::Closure callback_;
 
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(DeathRecipient);
 };
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
 
 bool RealBinderWrapper::RegisterForDeathNotifications(
     const sp<IBinder>& binder,
-    const base::Closure& callback) {
+    const ::base::Closure& callback) {
   sp<DeathRecipient> recipient(new DeathRecipient(callback));
   if (binder->linkToDeath(recipient) != OK) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to register for death notifications on "
diff --git a/libbinderwrapper/real_binder_wrapper.h b/libbinderwrapper/real_binder_wrapper.h
index ea08371..1675432 100644
--- a/libbinderwrapper/real_binder_wrapper.h
+++ b/libbinderwrapper/real_binder_wrapper.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
                        const sp<IBinder>& binder) override;
   sp<BBinder> CreateLocalBinder() override;
   bool RegisterForDeathNotifications(const sp<IBinder>& binder,
-                                     const base::Closure& callback) override;
+                                     const ::base::Closure& callback) override;
   bool UnregisterForDeathNotifications(const sp<IBinder>& binder) override;
   uid_t GetCallingUid() override;
   pid_t GetCallingPid() override;
diff --git a/libbinderwrapper/stub_binder_wrapper.cc b/libbinderwrapper/stub_binder_wrapper.cc
index 87c6ab7..8e75f62 100644
--- a/libbinderwrapper/stub_binder_wrapper.cc
+++ b/libbinderwrapper/stub_binder_wrapper.cc
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
 
 bool StubBinderWrapper::RegisterForDeathNotifications(
     const sp<IBinder>& binder,
-    const base::Closure& callback) {
+    const ::base::Closure& callback) {
   death_callbacks_[binder] = callback;
   return true;
 }
diff --git a/libcrypto_utils/Android.mk b/libcrypto_utils/Android.mk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e9763f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcrypto_utils/Android.mk
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
+
+include $(CLEAR_VARS)
+LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
+LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcrypto
+include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
+
+include $(CLEAR_VARS)
+LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
+LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcrypto-host
+include $(BUILD_HOST_SHARED_LIBRARY)
+
+include $(CLEAR_VARS)
+LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils_static
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
+LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_static
+include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
+
+include $(CLEAR_VARS)
+LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils_static
+LOCAL_MODULE_HOST_OS := darwin linux windows
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
+LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_static
+include $(BUILD_HOST_STATIC_LIBRARY)
+
+include $(call all-makefiles-under,$(LOCAL_PATH))
diff --git a/libcrypto_utils/android_pubkey.c b/libcrypto_utils/android_pubkey.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3052e52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcrypto_utils/android_pubkey.c
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <crypto_utils/android_pubkey.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <openssl/bn.h>
+
+// Better safe than sorry.
+#if (ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE % 4) != 0
+#error RSA modulus size must be multiple of the word size!
+#endif
+
+// Size of the RSA modulus in words.
+#define ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE_WORDS (ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE / 4)
+
+// This file implements encoding and decoding logic for Android's custom RSA
+// public key binary format. Public keys are stored as a sequence of
+// little-endian 32 bit words. Note that Android only supports little-endian
+// processors, so we don't do any byte order conversions when parsing the binary
+// struct.
+typedef struct RSAPublicKey {
+    // Modulus length. This must be ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE.
+    uint32_t modulus_size_words;
+
+    // Precomputed montgomery parameter: -1 / n[0] mod 2^32
+    uint32_t n0inv;
+
+    // RSA modulus as a little-endian array.
+    uint8_t modulus[ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE];
+
+    // Montgomery parameter R^2 as a little-endian array of little-endian words.
+    uint8_t rr[ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE];
+
+    // RSA modulus: 3 or 65537
+    uint32_t exponent;
+} RSAPublicKey;
+
+// Reverses byte order in |buffer|.
+static void reverse_bytes(uint8_t* buffer, size_t size) {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < (size + 1) / 2; ++i) {
+    uint8_t tmp = buffer[i];
+    buffer[i] = buffer[size - i - 1];
+    buffer[size - i - 1] = tmp;
+  }
+}
+
+bool android_pubkey_decode(const uint8_t* key_buffer, size_t size, RSA** key) {
+  const RSAPublicKey* key_struct = (RSAPublicKey*)key_buffer;
+  bool ret = false;
+  uint8_t modulus_buffer[ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE];
+  RSA* new_key = RSA_new();
+  if (!new_key) {
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  // Check |size| is large enough and the modulus size is correct.
+  if (size < sizeof(RSAPublicKey)) {
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  if (key_struct->modulus_size_words != ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE_WORDS) {
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  // Convert the modulus to big-endian byte order as expected by BN_bin2bn.
+  memcpy(modulus_buffer, key_struct->modulus, sizeof(modulus_buffer));
+  reverse_bytes(modulus_buffer, sizeof(modulus_buffer));
+  new_key->n = BN_bin2bn(modulus_buffer, sizeof(modulus_buffer), NULL);
+  if (!new_key->n) {
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  // Read the exponent.
+  new_key->e = BN_new();
+  if (!new_key->e || !BN_set_word(new_key->e, key_struct->exponent)) {
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  // Note that we don't extract the montgomery parameters n0inv and rr from
+  // the RSAPublicKey structure. They assume a word size of 32 bits, but
+  // BoringSSL may use a word size of 64 bits internally, so we're lacking the
+  // top 32 bits of n0inv in general. For now, we just ignore the parameters
+  // and have BoringSSL recompute them internally. More sophisticated logic can
+  // be added here if/when we want the additional speedup from using the
+  // pre-computed montgomery parameters.
+
+  *key = new_key;
+  ret = true;
+
+cleanup:
+  if (!ret && new_key) {
+    RSA_free(new_key);
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+static bool android_pubkey_encode_bignum(const BIGNUM* num, uint8_t* buffer) {
+  if (!BN_bn2bin_padded(buffer, ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE, num)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  reverse_bytes(buffer, ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE);
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool android_pubkey_encode(const RSA* key, uint8_t* key_buffer, size_t size) {
+  RSAPublicKey* key_struct = (RSAPublicKey*)key_buffer;
+  bool ret = false;
+  BN_CTX* ctx = BN_CTX_new();
+  BIGNUM* r32 = BN_new();
+  BIGNUM* n0inv = BN_new();
+  BIGNUM* rr = BN_new();
+
+  if (sizeof(RSAPublicKey) > size ||
+      RSA_size(key) != ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE) {
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  // Store the modulus size.
+  key_struct->modulus_size_words = ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE_WORDS;
+
+  // Compute and store n0inv = -1 / N[0] mod 2^32.
+  if (!ctx || !r32 || !n0inv || !BN_set_bit(r32, 32) ||
+      !BN_mod(n0inv, key->n, r32, ctx) ||
+      !BN_mod_inverse(n0inv, n0inv, r32, ctx) || !BN_sub(n0inv, r32, n0inv)) {
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  key_struct->n0inv = (uint32_t)BN_get_word(n0inv);
+
+  // Store the modulus.
+  if (!android_pubkey_encode_bignum(key->n, key_struct->modulus)) {
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  // Compute and store rr = (2^(rsa_size)) ^ 2 mod N.
+  if (!ctx || !rr || !BN_set_bit(rr, ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE * 8) ||
+      !BN_mod_sqr(rr, rr, key->n, ctx) ||
+      !android_pubkey_encode_bignum(rr, key_struct->rr)) {
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  // Store the exponent.
+  key_struct->exponent = (uint32_t)BN_get_word(key->e);
+
+  ret = true;
+
+cleanup:
+  BN_free(rr);
+  BN_free(n0inv);
+  BN_free(r32);
+  BN_CTX_free(ctx);
+  return ret;
+}
diff --git a/libcrypto_utils/include/crypto_utils/android_pubkey.h b/libcrypto_utils/include/crypto_utils/android_pubkey.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1045eba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcrypto_utils/include/crypto_utils/android_pubkey.h
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef CRYPTO_UTILS_ANDROID_PUBKEY_H
+#define CRYPTO_UTILS_ANDROID_PUBKEY_H
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include <openssl/rsa.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+// Size of an RSA modulus such as an encrypted block or a signature.
+#define ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE (2048 / 8)
+
+// Size of an encoded RSA key.
+#define ANDROID_PUBKEY_ENCODED_SIZE \
+  (3 * sizeof(uint32_t) + 2 * ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE)
+
+/* Allocates a new RSA |key| object, decodes a public RSA key stored in
+ * Android's custom binary format from |key_buffer| and sets the key parameters
+ * in |key|. |size| specifies the size of the key buffer and must be at least
+ * |ANDROID_PUBKEY_ENCODED_SIZE|. The resulting |*key| can be used with the
+ * standard BoringSSL API to perform public operations.
+ *
+ * Returns true if successful, in which case the caller receives ownership of
+ * the |*key| object, i.e. needs to call RSA_free() when done with it. If there
+ * is an error, |key| is left untouched and the return value will be false.
+ */
+bool android_pubkey_decode(const uint8_t* key_buffer, size_t size, RSA** key);
+
+/* Encodes |key| in the Android RSA public key binary format and stores the
+ * bytes in |key_buffer|. |key_buffer| should be of size at least
+ * |ANDROID_PUBKEY_ENCODED_SIZE|.
+ *
+ * Returns true if successful, false on error.
+ */
+bool android_pubkey_encode(const RSA* key, uint8_t* key_buffer, size_t size);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} // extern "C"
+#endif
+
+#endif  // CRYPTO_UTILS_ANDROID_PUBKEY_H
diff --git a/libmincrypt/tools/Android.mk b/libcrypto_utils/tests/Android.mk
similarity index 68%
rename from libmincrypt/tools/Android.mk
rename to libcrypto_utils/tests/Android.mk
index 3154914..dad82f7 100644
--- a/libmincrypt/tools/Android.mk
+++ b/libcrypto_utils/tests/Android.mk
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-# Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -11,12 +12,13 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+#
 
 LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
 
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := dumpkey
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := DumpPublicKey.java
-LOCAL_JAR_MANIFEST := DumpPublicKey.mf
-LOCAL_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARIES := bouncycastle-host
-include $(BUILD_HOST_JAVA_LIBRARY)
+LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils_test
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey_test.cpp
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c++11
+LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils libcrypto-host
+include $(BUILD_HOST_NATIVE_TEST)
diff --git a/libcrypto_utils/tests/android_pubkey_test.cpp b/libcrypto_utils/tests/android_pubkey_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8c2e0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcrypto_utils/tests/android_pubkey_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <crypto_utils/android_pubkey.h>
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include <openssl/obj_mac.h>
+#include <openssl/rsa.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+// Test digest to verify.
+const uint8_t kDigest[] = {
+    0x31, 0x5f, 0x5b, 0xdb, 0x76, 0xd0, 0x78, 0xc4, 0x3b, 0x8a, 0xc0,
+    0x06, 0x4e, 0x4a, 0x01, 0x64, 0x61, 0x2b, 0x1f, 0xce, 0x77, 0xc8,
+    0x69, 0x34, 0x5b, 0xfc, 0x94, 0xc7, 0x58, 0x94, 0xed, 0xd3,
+};
+
+// 2048 RSA test key.
+const uint8_t kKey2048[ANDROID_PUBKEY_ENCODED_SIZE] = {
+    0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x05, 0x75, 0x61, 0xd1, 0x33, 0xf0, 0x2d, 0x12,
+    0x45, 0xfb, 0xae, 0x07, 0x02, 0x15, 0x4f, 0x3a, 0x2b, 0xa3, 0xbc, 0x49,
+    0xbd, 0x14, 0x07, 0xa0, 0xc0, 0x9f, 0x0c, 0x52, 0x60, 0x77, 0x9f, 0xa2,
+    0x31, 0xd0, 0xa7, 0xfb, 0x7e, 0xde, 0xfb, 0xc9, 0x05, 0xc0, 0x97, 0xf7,
+    0x74, 0x99, 0xe6, 0xd1, 0x08, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x59, 0x5a, 0xd8, 0x37, 0x1d,
+    0xe0, 0x48, 0x5e, 0x63, 0x44, 0x04, 0x8b, 0x05, 0x20, 0xf6, 0x25, 0x67,
+    0x38, 0xb2, 0xb6, 0xf9, 0xbe, 0xb6, 0x1d, 0x7f, 0x1b, 0x71, 0x8a, 0xeb,
+    0xb7, 0xf8, 0x01, 0xc1, 0x5e, 0xf7, 0xfe, 0x48, 0x08, 0x27, 0x0f, 0x27,
+    0x2a, 0x64, 0x1a, 0x43, 0x8d, 0xcf, 0x5a, 0x33, 0x5c, 0x18, 0xc5, 0xf4,
+    0xe7, 0xfe, 0xee, 0xd3, 0x12, 0x62, 0xad, 0x61, 0x78, 0x9a, 0x03, 0xb0,
+    0xaf, 0xab, 0x91, 0x57, 0x46, 0xbf, 0x18, 0xc6, 0xbc, 0x0c, 0x6b, 0x55,
+    0xcd, 0xda, 0xc4, 0xcc, 0x98, 0x46, 0x91, 0x99, 0xbc, 0xa3, 0xca, 0x6c,
+    0x86, 0xa6, 0x1c, 0x8f, 0xca, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0x8a, 0x00, 0x8e, 0x05, 0xd7,
+    0x13, 0x43, 0xe2, 0xf2, 0x1a, 0x13, 0xf3, 0x50, 0x13, 0xa4, 0xf2, 0x4e,
+    0x41, 0xb1, 0x36, 0x78, 0x55, 0x4c, 0x5e, 0x27, 0xc5, 0xc0, 0x4b, 0xd8,
+    0x93, 0xaa, 0x7e, 0xf0, 0x90, 0x08, 0x10, 0x26, 0x72, 0x6d, 0xb9, 0x21,
+    0xae, 0x4d, 0x01, 0x4b, 0x55, 0x1d, 0xe7, 0x1e, 0x5e, 0x31, 0x6e, 0x62,
+    0xd1, 0x33, 0x26, 0xcb, 0xdb, 0xfe, 0x72, 0x98, 0xc8, 0x06, 0x1c, 0x12,
+    0xdf, 0xfc, 0x74, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x6f, 0xf5, 0xa3, 0x63, 0x08, 0xe3, 0x02,
+    0x68, 0x4d, 0x7c, 0x70, 0x05, 0xec, 0x95, 0x7e, 0x24, 0xa4, 0xbc, 0x4c,
+    0xcd, 0x39, 0x14, 0xb5, 0x2a, 0x8f, 0xc1, 0xe3, 0x4e, 0xfa, 0xf8, 0x70,
+    0x50, 0x8f, 0xd5, 0x8e, 0xc7, 0xb5, 0x32, 0x89, 0x4d, 0xbb, 0x6a, 0xc1,
+    0xc1, 0xa2, 0x42, 0x57, 0x57, 0xbd, 0x2a, 0xdc, 0xa6, 0xfd, 0xc8, 0x86,
+    0x44, 0x6a, 0x03, 0x5d, 0x4d, 0x28, 0xe1, 0xde, 0xb4, 0xa9, 0xa5, 0x03,
+    0x61, 0x7a, 0x5f, 0xb1, 0x09, 0x17, 0x2b, 0x9c, 0xa2, 0x54, 0x28, 0xad,
+    0x34, 0xc9, 0x5f, 0x6c, 0x9f, 0xb8, 0xd2, 0xa9, 0x78, 0xa7, 0xaa, 0xb3,
+    0x11, 0x2f, 0x65, 0x9b, 0x4e, 0x67, 0x0c, 0xcc, 0x20, 0x36, 0xbf, 0x26,
+    0x2b, 0x4e, 0xc0, 0xd4, 0xbd, 0x22, 0x64, 0xc4, 0x1c, 0x56, 0x69, 0xdb,
+    0x5f, 0x89, 0xe1, 0x75, 0x68, 0x8d, 0x0e, 0xab, 0x1c, 0x10, 0x1a, 0xc0,
+    0x12, 0x5d, 0x6f, 0xbd, 0x09, 0xbb, 0x47, 0xcb, 0xe7, 0x34, 0xef, 0x56,
+    0xab, 0xea, 0xc3, 0xe9, 0x7f, 0x9a, 0x3d, 0xe9, 0x2d, 0x14, 0x61, 0x25,
+    0x37, 0x5c, 0x3b, 0x4b, 0xaf, 0x5a, 0x4b, 0xc8, 0x99, 0x1a, 0x32, 0x8f,
+    0x54, 0x07, 0xd3, 0x57, 0x8a, 0x3d, 0x2a, 0xf7, 0x9e, 0x7e, 0x92, 0x2a,
+    0x50, 0xe9, 0xd8, 0xdb, 0xd6, 0x03, 0xd3, 0x8e, 0x54, 0x32, 0xce, 0x87,
+    0x93, 0x92, 0xe7, 0x75, 0xe1, 0x6b, 0x78, 0x1a, 0x85, 0xc2, 0x46, 0xa1,
+    0x31, 0xbb, 0xc7, 0xb9, 0x1d, 0xd1, 0x71, 0xe0, 0xe2, 0x9b, 0x9c, 0x0d,
+    0xa3, 0xcf, 0x93, 0x4d, 0x87, 0x7b, 0x65, 0xd9, 0xda, 0x4c, 0xd9, 0x6a,
+    0xa6, 0x36, 0xc2, 0xc7, 0xe3, 0x33, 0xe2, 0xc3, 0x83, 0xd1, 0x72, 0x54,
+    0x30, 0x81, 0x5e, 0x34, 0x2c, 0x61, 0xee, 0xf4, 0x48, 0x97, 0xb6, 0xaa,
+    0x47, 0x6a, 0x05, 0x09, 0xd8, 0x4d, 0x90, 0xaf, 0xa8, 0x4e, 0x82, 0xe4,
+    0x8e, 0xb5, 0xe2, 0x65, 0x86, 0x67, 0xe9, 0x5b, 0x4b, 0x9a, 0x68, 0x08,
+    0x30, 0xf6, 0x25, 0x8b, 0x20, 0xda, 0x26, 0x6f, 0xbd, 0x0d, 0xa5, 0xd8,
+    0x6a, 0x7b, 0x01, 0x2f, 0xab, 0x7b, 0xb5, 0xfe, 0x62, 0x37, 0x2d, 0x94,
+    0x43, 0x2f, 0x4d, 0x16, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00,
+};
+
+// 2048 bit RSA signature.
+const uint8_t kSignature2048[ANDROID_PUBKEY_MODULUS_SIZE] = {
+    0x3a, 0x11, 0x84, 0x40, 0xc1, 0x2f, 0x13, 0x8c, 0xde, 0xb0, 0xc3, 0x89,
+    0x8a, 0x63, 0xb2, 0x50, 0x93, 0x58, 0xc0, 0x0c, 0xb7, 0x08, 0xe7, 0x6c,
+    0x52, 0x87, 0x4e, 0x78, 0x89, 0xa3, 0x9a, 0x47, 0xeb, 0x11, 0x57, 0xbc,
+    0xb3, 0x97, 0xf8, 0x34, 0xf1, 0xf7, 0xbf, 0x3a, 0xfa, 0x1c, 0x6b, 0xdc,
+    0xd1, 0x02, 0xde, 0x9a, 0x0d, 0x72, 0xe7, 0x19, 0x63, 0x81, 0x46, 0x68,
+    0x1e, 0x63, 0x64, 0xc6, 0x59, 0xe7, 0x7c, 0x39, 0xed, 0x32, 0xd2, 0xd1,
+    0xd5, 0x1f, 0x13, 0x9b, 0x52, 0xdf, 0x34, 0xa3, 0xc0, 0xc4, 0x9a, 0x63,
+    0x9b, 0x9c, 0xbe, 0x22, 0xc8, 0xd8, 0x14, 0x2f, 0x4c, 0x78, 0x36, 0xdb,
+    0x16, 0x41, 0x67, 0xc1, 0x21, 0x8a, 0x73, 0xb2, 0xe5, 0xb0, 0xd3, 0x80,
+    0x91, 0x7a, 0xbf, 0xf9, 0x59, 0x4a, 0x4d, 0x78, 0x45, 0x44, 0xa1, 0x52,
+    0x86, 0x29, 0x48, 0x4d, 0xf0, 0x5d, 0xf2, 0x55, 0xa7, 0xcd, 0xc5, 0x2b,
+    0x7b, 0xe0, 0xb1, 0xf6, 0x2a, 0xd5, 0x61, 0xba, 0x1e, 0x1e, 0x3a, 0xf0,
+    0x55, 0xbc, 0x8c, 0x44, 0x41, 0xfc, 0xb8, 0x8c, 0x76, 0xbf, 0x80, 0x58,
+    0x82, 0x35, 0x4b, 0x0c, 0xfd, 0xef, 0xd5, 0x70, 0xd1, 0x64, 0xcb, 0x46,
+    0x58, 0x37, 0xbc, 0xa9, 0x7d, 0xd4, 0x70, 0xac, 0xce, 0xec, 0xca, 0x48,
+    0xcb, 0x0a, 0x40, 0x77, 0x04, 0x59, 0xca, 0x9c, 0x7d, 0x1a, 0x0b, 0xf0,
+    0xb5, 0xdd, 0xde, 0x71, 0x18, 0xb8, 0xef, 0x90, 0x2a, 0x09, 0x42, 0x39,
+    0x74, 0xff, 0x45, 0xa1, 0x39, 0x17, 0x50, 0x89, 0xa6, 0x5f, 0xbc, 0x9c,
+    0x0c, 0x9b, 0x47, 0x25, 0x79, 0x3e, 0xe3, 0xaa, 0xaf, 0xbe, 0x73, 0x6b,
+    0xcb, 0xe7, 0x35, 0xc1, 0x27, 0x09, 0xcd, 0xeb, 0xd7, 0xcf, 0x63, 0x83,
+    0x64, 0x8c, 0x45, 0x1c, 0x1d, 0x58, 0xcc, 0xd2, 0xf8, 0x2b, 0x4c, 0x4e,
+    0x14, 0x89, 0x2d, 0x70,
+};
+
+struct AndroidPubkeyTest : public ::testing::Test {
+  void SetUp() override {
+    RSA* new_key = nullptr;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(android_pubkey_decode(kKey2048, sizeof(kKey2048), &new_key));
+    key_.reset(new_key);
+  }
+
+  std::unique_ptr<RSA, void(*)(RSA*)> key_ = {nullptr, RSA_free};
+};
+
+TEST_F(AndroidPubkeyTest, Decode) {
+  // Make sure the decoded key successfully verifies a valid signature.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(RSA_verify(NID_sha256, kDigest, sizeof(kDigest), kSignature2048,
+                         sizeof(kSignature2048), key_.get()));
+}
+
+TEST_F(AndroidPubkeyTest, Encode) {
+  uint8_t key_data[ANDROID_PUBKEY_ENCODED_SIZE];
+  ASSERT_TRUE(android_pubkey_encode(key_.get(), key_data, sizeof(key_data)));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, memcmp(kKey2048, key_data, sizeof(kKey2048)));
+}
diff --git a/libcutils/qtaguid.c b/libcutils/qtaguid.c
index 2fbe02e..dcd16ef 100644
--- a/libcutils/qtaguid.c
+++ b/libcutils/qtaguid.c
@@ -47,10 +47,7 @@
 
 /* Only call once per process. */
 void qtaguid_resTrack(void) {
-    resTrackFd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open("/dev/xt_qtaguid", O_RDONLY));
-    if (resTrackFd >=0) {
-        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(fcntl(resTrackFd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC));
-    }
+    resTrackFd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open("/dev/xt_qtaguid", O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -63,7 +60,7 @@
 
     ALOGV("write_ctrl(%s)", cmd);
 
-    fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(CTRL_PROCPATH, O_WRONLY));
+    fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(CTRL_PROCPATH, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
     if (fd < 0) {
         return -errno;
     }
@@ -86,7 +83,7 @@
     int param_fd;
     int res;
 
-    param_fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(param_path, O_WRONLY));
+    param_fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(param_path, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
     if (param_fd < 0) {
         return -errno;
     }
diff --git a/libcutils/sched_policy.c b/libcutils/sched_policy.c
index b399643..884ee17 100644
--- a/libcutils/sched_policy.c
+++ b/libcutils/sched_policy.c
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@
     char thread_name[255];
     int fd;
 
-    sprintf(statfile, "/proc/%d/stat", tid);
+    snprintf(statfile, sizeof(statfile), "/proc/%d/stat", tid);
     memset(thread_name, 0, sizeof(thread_name));
 
     fd = open(statfile, O_RDONLY);
diff --git a/libcutils/tests/PropertiesTest.cpp b/libcutils/tests/PropertiesTest.cpp
index 659821c..5f2396b 100644
--- a/libcutils/tests/PropertiesTest.cpp
+++ b/libcutils/tests/PropertiesTest.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  */
 
 #define LOG_TAG "Properties_test"
-#include <utils/Log.h>
+#include <cutils/log.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
@@ -106,14 +106,14 @@
         ResetValue();
 
         // Since the value is null, default value will be returned
-        int len = property_get(PROPERTY_TEST_KEY, mValue, PROPERTY_TEST_VALUE_DEFAULT);
+        size_t len = property_get(PROPERTY_TEST_KEY, mValue, PROPERTY_TEST_VALUE_DEFAULT);
         EXPECT_EQ(strlen(PROPERTY_TEST_VALUE_DEFAULT), len);
         EXPECT_STREQ(PROPERTY_TEST_VALUE_DEFAULT, mValue);
     }
 
     // Trivial case => get returns what was set
     {
-        int len = SetAndGetProperty("hello_world");
+        size_t len = SetAndGetProperty("hello_world");
         EXPECT_EQ(strlen("hello_world"), len) << "hello_world key";
         EXPECT_STREQ("hello_world", mValue);
         ResetValue();
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
     // Set to empty string => get returns default always
     {
         const char* EMPTY_STRING_DEFAULT = "EMPTY_STRING";
-        int len = SetAndGetProperty("", EMPTY_STRING_DEFAULT);
+        size_t len = SetAndGetProperty("", EMPTY_STRING_DEFAULT);
         EXPECT_EQ(strlen(EMPTY_STRING_DEFAULT), len) << "empty key";
         EXPECT_STREQ(EMPTY_STRING_DEFAULT, mValue);
         ResetValue();
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
 
         // Expect that the value set fails since it's too long
         EXPECT_GT(0, property_set(PROPERTY_TEST_KEY, oneLongerString.c_str()));
-        int len = property_get(PROPERTY_TEST_KEY, mValue, PROPERTY_TEST_VALUE_DEFAULT);
+        size_t len = property_get(PROPERTY_TEST_KEY, mValue, PROPERTY_TEST_VALUE_DEFAULT);
 
         EXPECT_EQ(strlen(VALID_TEST_VALUE), len) << "set should've failed";
         EXPECT_STREQ(VALID_TEST_VALUE, mValue);
diff --git a/libdiskconfig/Android.mk b/libdiskconfig/Android.mk
index 624e385..a49ce58 100644
--- a/libdiskconfig/Android.mk
+++ b/libdiskconfig/Android.mk
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
 LOCAL_SYSTEM_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcutils liblog libc
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Werror
+LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
 include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
 
 ifeq ($(HOST_OS),linux)
@@ -21,5 +23,7 @@
 LOCAL_MODULE := libdiskconfig_host
 LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := -O2 -g -W -Wall -Werror -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
+LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
 include $(BUILD_HOST_STATIC_LIBRARY)
 endif # HOST_OS == linux
diff --git a/include/diskconfig/diskconfig.h b/libdiskconfig/include/diskconfig/diskconfig.h
similarity index 100%
rename from include/diskconfig/diskconfig.h
rename to libdiskconfig/include/diskconfig/diskconfig.h
diff --git a/libion/tests/Android.mk b/libion/tests/Android.mk
index 894f90e..d4d07c2 100644
--- a/libion/tests/Android.mk
+++ b/libion/tests/Android.mk
@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@
 LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)
 
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
+LOCAL_CLANG := true
 LOCAL_MODULE := ion-unit-tests
-LOCAL_CFLAGS += -g -Wall -Werror -std=gnu++11 -Wno-missing-field-initializers
+LOCAL_CFLAGS += -g -Wall -Werror -Wno-missing-field-initializers
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES += libion
 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/../kernel-headers
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
diff --git a/libion/tests/allocate_test.cpp b/libion/tests/allocate_test.cpp
index e26b302..3c4524e 100644
--- a/libion/tests/allocate_test.cpp
+++ b/libion/tests/allocate_test.cpp
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(Allocate, Zeroed)
 {
-    void *zeroes = calloc(4096, 1);
+    auto zeroes_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(4096);
 
     for (unsigned int heapMask : m_allHeaps) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message() << "heap " << heapMask);
@@ -125,14 +126,11 @@
         ptr = mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, map_fd, 0);
         ASSERT_TRUE(ptr != NULL);
 
-        ASSERT_EQ(0, memcmp(ptr, zeroes, 4096));
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, memcmp(ptr, zeroes_ptr.get(), 4096));
 
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(zeroes);
-
 }
 
 TEST_F(Allocate, Large)
diff --git a/libion/tests/device_test.cpp b/libion/tests/device_test.cpp
index 6f6e1bd..0be52bf 100644
--- a/libion/tests/device_test.cpp
+++ b/libion/tests/device_test.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
+#include <memory>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
@@ -133,8 +134,8 @@
 
 TEST_F(Device, KernelReadCached)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (unsigned int heapMask : m_allHeaps) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message() << "heap " << heapMask);
@@ -161,14 +162,12 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 
 TEST_F(Device, KernelWriteCached)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 4096; i++)
         ((char *)buf)[i] = i;
@@ -195,14 +194,12 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 
 TEST_F(Device, DMAReadCached)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (unsigned int heapMask : m_allHeaps) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message() << "heap " << heapMask);
@@ -227,14 +224,12 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 
 TEST_F(Device, DMAWriteCached)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 4096; i++)
         ((char *)buf)[i] = i;
@@ -261,14 +256,12 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 
 TEST_F(Device, KernelReadCachedNeedsSync)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (unsigned int heapMask : m_allHeaps) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message() << "heap " << heapMask);
@@ -295,14 +288,12 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 
 TEST_F(Device, KernelWriteCachedNeedsSync)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 4096; i++)
         ((char *)buf)[i] = i;
@@ -329,14 +320,12 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 
 TEST_F(Device, DMAReadCachedNeedsSync)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (unsigned int heapMask : m_allHeaps) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message() << "heap " << heapMask);
@@ -363,14 +352,12 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 
 TEST_F(Device, DMAWriteCachedNeedsSync)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 4096; i++)
         ((char *)buf)[i] = i;
@@ -399,13 +386,11 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 TEST_F(Device, KernelRead)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (unsigned int heapMask : m_allHeaps) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message() << "heap " << heapMask);
@@ -432,14 +417,12 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 
 TEST_F(Device, KernelWrite)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 4096; i++)
         ((char *)buf)[i] = i;
@@ -466,14 +449,12 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 
 TEST_F(Device, DMARead)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (unsigned int heapMask : m_allHeaps) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message() << "heap " << heapMask);
@@ -498,14 +479,12 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 
 TEST_F(Device, DMAWrite)
 {
-    void *alloc = malloc(8192 + 1024);
-    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc, 4096) + 1024);
+    auto alloc_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(8192 + 1024);
+    void *buf = (void *)(ALIGN((unsigned long)alloc_ptr.get(), 4096) + 1024);
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 4096; i++)
         ((char *)buf)[i] = i;
@@ -532,13 +511,12 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, munmap(ptr, 4096));
         ASSERT_EQ(0, close(map_fd));
     }
-
-    free(alloc);
 }
 
 TEST_F(Device, IsCached)
 {
-    void *buf = malloc(4096);
+    auto buf_ptr = std::make_unique<char[]>(4096);
+    void *buf = buf_ptr.get();
 
     for (unsigned int heapMask : m_allHeaps) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message() << "heap " << heapMask);
diff --git a/liblog/Android.bp b/liblog/Android.bp
index 9c68fca..1051016 100644
--- a/liblog/Android.bp
+++ b/liblog/Android.bp
@@ -56,7 +56,9 @@
         android: {
             srcs: liblog_target_sources,
             // AddressSanitizer runtime library depends on liblog.
-            sanitize: ["never"],
+            sanitize: {
+                never: true,
+            },
         },
         android_arm: {
             // TODO: This is to work around b/24465209. Remove after root cause is fixed
diff --git a/liblog/logprint.c b/liblog/logprint.c
index c8457f4..59bd479 100644
--- a/liblog/logprint.c
+++ b/liblog/logprint.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -28,11 +29,11 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 
 #include <cutils/list.h>
 #include <log/logd.h>
 #include <log/logprint.h>
-#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
 #include "log_portability.h"
 
@@ -1352,17 +1353,17 @@
     uid[0] = '\0';
     if (p_format->uid_output) {
         if (entry->uid >= 0) {
-            const struct android_id_info *info = android_ids;
-            size_t i;
 
-            for (i = 0; i < android_id_count; ++i) {
-                if (info->aid == (unsigned int)entry->uid) {
-                    break;
-                }
-                ++info;
-            }
-            if ((i < android_id_count) && (strlen(info->name) <= 5)) {
-                 snprintf(uid, sizeof(uid), "%5s:", info->name);
+            /*
+             * This code is Android specific, bionic guarantees that
+             * calls to non-reentrant getpwuid() are thread safe.
+             */
+#ifndef __BIONIC__
+#warning "This code assumes that getpwuid is thread safe, only true with Bionic!"
+#endif
+            struct passwd* pwd = getpwuid(entry->uid);
+            if (pwd && (strlen(pwd->pw_name) <= 5)) {
+                 snprintf(uid, sizeof(uid), "%5s:", pwd->pw_name);
             } else {
                  // Not worth parsing package list, names all longer than 5
                  snprintf(uid, sizeof(uid), "%5d:", entry->uid);
diff --git a/liblog/tests/libc_test.cpp b/liblog/tests/libc_test.cpp
index 9dd6f03..3d58147 100644
--- a/liblog/tests/libc_test.cpp
+++ b/liblog/tests/libc_test.cpp
@@ -14,126 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <sys/cdefs.h>
-
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
-// Should be in bionic test suite, *but* we are using liblog to confirm
-// end-to-end logging, so let the overly cute oedipus complex begin ...
-#include "../../../../bionic/libc/bionic/libc_logging.cpp" // not Standalone
-#define _ANDROID_LOG_H // Priorities redefined
-#define _LIBS_LOG_LOG_H // log ids redefined
-typedef unsigned char log_id_t; // log_id_t missing as a result
-#define _LIBS_LOG_LOG_READ_H // log_time redefined
-
-#include <log/log.h>
-#include <log/logger.h>
-#include <log/log_read.h>
-
-TEST(libc, __libc_android_log_event_int) {
-    struct logger_list *logger_list;
-
-    pid_t pid = getpid();
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != (logger_list = android_logger_list_open(
-        LOG_ID_EVENTS, ANDROID_LOG_RDONLY | ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK, 1000, pid)));
-
-    struct timespec ts;
-    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
-    int value = ts.tv_nsec;
-
-    __libc_android_log_event_int(0, value);
-    usleep(1000000);
-
-    int count = 0;
-
-    for (;;) {
-        log_msg log_msg;
-        if (android_logger_list_read(logger_list, &log_msg) <= 0) {
-            break;
-        }
-
-        ASSERT_EQ(log_msg.entry.pid, pid);
-
-        if ((log_msg.entry.len != (4 + 1 + 4))
-         || ((int)log_msg.id() != LOG_ID_EVENTS)) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        char *eventData = log_msg.msg();
-
-        int incoming = (eventData[0] & 0xFF) |
-                      ((eventData[1] & 0xFF) << 8) |
-                      ((eventData[2] & 0xFF) << 16) |
-                      ((eventData[3] & 0xFF) << 24);
-
-        if (incoming != 0) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        if (eventData[4] != EVENT_TYPE_INT) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        incoming = (eventData[4 + 1 + 0] & 0xFF) |
-                  ((eventData[4 + 1 + 1] & 0xFF) << 8) |
-                  ((eventData[4 + 1 + 2] & 0xFF) << 16) |
-                  ((eventData[4 + 1 + 3] & 0xFF) << 24);
-
-        if (incoming == value) {
-            ++count;
-        }
-    }
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, count);
-
-    android_logger_list_close(logger_list);
-}
-
-TEST(libc, __libc_fatal_no_abort) {
-    struct logger_list *logger_list;
-
-    pid_t pid = getpid();
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != (logger_list = android_logger_list_open(
-        (log_id_t)LOG_ID_CRASH, ANDROID_LOG_RDONLY | ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK, 1000, pid)));
-
-    char b[80];
-    struct timespec ts;
-    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
-
-    __libc_fatal_no_abort("%u.%09u", (unsigned)ts.tv_sec, (unsigned)ts.tv_nsec);
-    snprintf(b, sizeof(b),"%u.%09u", (unsigned)ts.tv_sec, (unsigned)ts.tv_nsec);
-    usleep(1000000);
-
-    int count = 0;
-
-    for (;;) {
-        log_msg log_msg;
-        if (android_logger_list_read(logger_list, &log_msg) <= 0) {
-            break;
-        }
-
-        ASSERT_EQ(log_msg.entry.pid, pid);
-
-        if ((int)log_msg.id() != LOG_ID_CRASH) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        char *data = log_msg.msg();
-
-        if ((*data == ANDROID_LOG_FATAL)
-                && !strcmp(data + 1, "libc")
-                && !strcmp(data + 1 + strlen(data + 1) + 1, b)) {
-            ++count;
-        }
-    }
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(1, count);
-
-    android_logger_list_close(logger_list);
-}
+#include <stdio.h>
 
 TEST(libc, __pstore_append) {
     FILE *fp;
diff --git a/liblog/tests/liblog_test.cpp b/liblog/tests/liblog_test.cpp
index 6aa4fb7..1a7d4aa 100644
--- a/liblog/tests/liblog_test.cpp
+++ b/liblog/tests/liblog_test.cpp
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
     return src[0] | (src[1] << 8) | (src[2] << 16) | (src[3] << 24);
 }
 
-TEST(liblog, __android_log_bswrite) {
+static void bswrite_test(const char *message) {
     struct logger_list *logger_list;
 
     pid_t pid = getpid();
@@ -182,10 +182,30 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != (logger_list = android_logger_list_open(
         LOG_ID_EVENTS, ANDROID_LOG_RDONLY | ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK, 1000, pid)));
 
-    static const char buffer[] = "Hello World";
     log_time ts(android_log_clockid());
 
-    ASSERT_LT(0, __android_log_bswrite(0, buffer));
+    ASSERT_LT(0, __android_log_bswrite(0, message));
+    size_t num_lines = 1, size = 0, length = 0, total = 0;
+    const char *cp = message;
+    while (*cp) {
+        if (*cp == '\n') {
+            if (cp[1]) {
+                ++num_lines;
+            }
+        } else {
+            ++size;
+        }
+        ++cp;
+        ++total;
+        ++length;
+        if ((LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD - 4 - 1 - 4) <= length) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    while (*cp) {
+        ++cp;
+        ++total;
+    }
     usleep(1000000);
 
     int count = 0;
@@ -200,7 +220,7 @@
 
         if ((log_msg.entry.sec < (ts.tv_sec - 1))
          || ((ts.tv_sec + 1) < log_msg.entry.sec)
-         || (log_msg.entry.len != (4 + 1 + 4 + sizeof(buffer) - 1))
+         || ((size_t)log_msg.entry.len != (4 + 1 + 4 + length))
          || (log_msg.id() != LOG_ID_EVENTS)) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -211,21 +231,22 @@
             continue;
         }
 
-        int len = get4LE(eventData + 4 + 1);
-        if (len == (sizeof(buffer) - 1)) {
+        size_t len = get4LE(eventData + 4 + 1);
+        if (len == total) {
             ++count;
 
             AndroidLogFormat *logformat = android_log_format_new();
             EXPECT_TRUE(NULL != logformat);
             AndroidLogEntry entry;
             char msgBuf[1024];
-            EXPECT_EQ(0, android_log_processBinaryLogBuffer(&log_msg.entry_v1,
-                                                            &entry,
-                                                            NULL,
-                                                            msgBuf,
-                                                            sizeof(msgBuf)));
-            fflush(stderr);
-            EXPECT_EQ(31, android_log_printLogLine(logformat, fileno(stderr), &entry));
+            int processBinaryLogBuffer = android_log_processBinaryLogBuffer(
+                &log_msg.entry_v1, &entry, NULL, msgBuf, sizeof(msgBuf));
+            EXPECT_EQ((length == total) ? 0 : -1, processBinaryLogBuffer);
+            if (processBinaryLogBuffer == 0) {
+                fflush(stderr);
+                EXPECT_EQ((int)((20 * num_lines) + size),
+                    android_log_printLogLine(logformat, fileno(stderr), &entry));
+            }
             android_log_format_free(logformat);
         }
     }
@@ -235,18 +256,55 @@
     android_logger_list_close(logger_list);
 }
 
-TEST(liblog, __android_log_bswrite__empty_string) {
+TEST(liblog, __android_log_bswrite_and_print) {
+    bswrite_test("Hello World");
+}
+
+TEST(liblog, __android_log_bswrite_and_print__empty_string) {
+    bswrite_test("");
+}
+
+TEST(liblog, __android_log_bswrite_and_print__newline_prefix) {
+    bswrite_test("\nHello World\n");
+}
+
+TEST(liblog, __android_log_bswrite_and_print__newline_space_prefix) {
+    bswrite_test("\n Hello World \n");
+}
+
+TEST(liblog, __android_log_bswrite_and_print__multiple_newline) {
+    bswrite_test("one\ntwo\nthree\nfour\nfive\nsix\nseven\neight\nnine\nten");
+}
+
+static void buf_write_test(const char *message) {
     struct logger_list *logger_list;
 
     pid_t pid = getpid();
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != (logger_list = android_logger_list_open(
-        LOG_ID_EVENTS, ANDROID_LOG_RDONLY | ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK, 1000, pid)));
+        LOG_ID_MAIN, ANDROID_LOG_RDONLY | ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK, 1000, pid)));
 
-    static const char buffer[] = "";
+    static const char tag[] = "TEST__android_log_buf_write";
     log_time ts(android_log_clockid());
 
-    ASSERT_LT(0, __android_log_bswrite(0, buffer));
+    EXPECT_LT(0, __android_log_buf_write(LOG_ID_MAIN, ANDROID_LOG_INFO,
+                                         tag, message));
+    size_t num_lines = 1, size = 0, length = 0;
+    const char *cp = message;
+    while (*cp) {
+        if (*cp == '\n') {
+            if (cp[1]) {
+                ++num_lines;
+            }
+        } else {
+            ++size;
+        }
+        ++length;
+        if ((LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD - 2 - sizeof(tag)) <= length) {
+            break;
+        }
+        ++cp;
+    }
     usleep(1000000);
 
     int count = 0;
@@ -261,34 +319,25 @@
 
         if ((log_msg.entry.sec < (ts.tv_sec - 1))
          || ((ts.tv_sec + 1) < log_msg.entry.sec)
-         || (log_msg.entry.len != (4 + 1 + 4))
-         || (log_msg.id() != LOG_ID_EVENTS)) {
+         || ((size_t)log_msg.entry.len != (sizeof(tag) + length + 2))
+         || (log_msg.id() != LOG_ID_MAIN)) {
             continue;
         }
 
-        char *eventData = log_msg.msg();
+        ++count;
 
-        if (eventData[4] != EVENT_TYPE_STRING) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        int len = get4LE(eventData + 4 + 1);
-        if (len == 0) {
-            ++count;
-
-            AndroidLogFormat *logformat = android_log_format_new();
-            EXPECT_TRUE(NULL != logformat);
-            AndroidLogEntry entry;
-            char msgBuf[1024];
-            EXPECT_EQ(0, android_log_processBinaryLogBuffer(&log_msg.entry_v1,
-                                                            &entry,
-                                                            NULL,
-                                                            msgBuf,
-                                                            sizeof(msgBuf)));
+        AndroidLogFormat *logformat = android_log_format_new();
+        EXPECT_TRUE(NULL != logformat);
+        AndroidLogEntry entry;
+        int processLogBuffer = android_log_processLogBuffer(&log_msg.entry_v1,
+                                                            &entry);
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, processLogBuffer);
+        if (processLogBuffer == 0) {
             fflush(stderr);
-            EXPECT_EQ(20, android_log_printLogLine(logformat, fileno(stderr), &entry));
-            android_log_format_free(logformat);
+            EXPECT_EQ((int)(((11 + sizeof(tag)) * num_lines) + size),
+                android_log_printLogLine(logformat, fileno(stderr), &entry));
         }
+        android_log_format_free(logformat);
     }
 
     EXPECT_EQ(1, count);
@@ -296,6 +345,18 @@
     android_logger_list_close(logger_list);
 }
 
+TEST(liblog, __android_log_buf_write_and_print__empty) {
+    buf_write_test("");
+}
+
+TEST(liblog, __android_log_buf_write_and_print__newline_prefix) {
+    buf_write_test("\nHello World\n");
+}
+
+TEST(liblog, __android_log_buf_write_and_print__newline_space_prefix) {
+    buf_write_test("\n Hello World \n");
+}
+
 TEST(liblog, __security) {
     static const char persist_key[] = "persist.logd.security";
     static const char readonly_key[] = "ro.device_owner";
@@ -767,7 +828,7 @@
     EXPECT_GT(one_percent_ticks, user_ticks + system_ticks);
 }
 
-static const char max_payload_tag[] = "TEST_max_payload_XXXX";
+static const char max_payload_tag[] = "TEST_max_payload_and_longish_tag_XXXX";
 #define SIZEOF_MAX_PAYLOAD_BUF (LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD - \
                                 sizeof(max_payload_tag) - 1)
 static const char max_payload_buf[] = "LEONATO\n\
@@ -1802,6 +1863,14 @@
     android_logger_list_close(logger_list);
 }
 
+TEST(liblog, __android_log_bswrite_and_print___max) {
+    bswrite_test(max_payload_buf);
+}
+
+TEST(liblog, __android_log_buf_write_and_print__max) {
+    buf_write_test(max_payload_buf);
+}
+
 TEST(liblog, android_errorWriteLog__android_logger_list_read__success) {
     const int TAG = 123456785;
     const char SUBTAG[] = "test-subtag";
diff --git a/libmemtrack/Android.mk b/libmemtrack/Android.mk
index 7b170f5..ffc7244 100644
--- a/libmemtrack/Android.mk
+++ b/libmemtrack/Android.mk
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := memtrack.c
 LOCAL_MODULE := libmemtrack
+LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_C_INCLUDES += $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES += hardware/libhardware/include
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libhardware liblog
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror
diff --git a/include/memtrack/memtrack.h b/libmemtrack/include/memtrack/memtrack.h
similarity index 98%
rename from include/memtrack/memtrack.h
rename to libmemtrack/include/memtrack/memtrack.h
index 3917300..8c0ab89 100644
--- a/include/memtrack/memtrack.h
+++ b/libmemtrack/include/memtrack/memtrack.h
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <stddef.h>
-#include <cutils/compiler.h>
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.cpp b/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.cpp
index 7cca7c1..57b2321 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.cpp
+++ b/libmemunreachable/ProcessMappings.cpp
@@ -30,11 +30,10 @@
 bool ProcessMappings(pid_t pid, allocator::vector<Mapping>& mappings) {
   char map_buffer[1024];
   snprintf(map_buffer, sizeof(map_buffer), "/proc/%d/maps", pid);
-  int fd = open(map_buffer, O_RDONLY);
-  if (fd < 0) {
+  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(map_buffer, O_RDONLY));
+  if (fd == -1) {
     return false;
   }
-  android::base::unique_fd fd_guard{fd};
 
   LineBuffer line_buf(fd, map_buffer, sizeof(map_buffer));
   char* line;
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/PtracerThread.cpp b/libmemunreachable/PtracerThread.cpp
index aa5b344..4e3c41e 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/PtracerThread.cpp
+++ b/libmemunreachable/PtracerThread.cpp
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 
 class Stack {
  public:
-  Stack(size_t size) : size_(size) {
+  explicit Stack(size_t size) : size_(size) {
     int prot = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE;
     int flags = MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS;
     page_size_ = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/ThreadCapture.cpp b/libmemunreachable/ThreadCapture.cpp
index e8a8392..9155c29 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/ThreadCapture.cpp
+++ b/libmemunreachable/ThreadCapture.cpp
@@ -108,12 +108,11 @@
   strlcat(path, pid_str, sizeof(path));
   strlcat(path, "/task", sizeof(path));
 
-  int fd = open(path, O_CLOEXEC | O_DIRECTORY | O_RDONLY);
-  if (fd < 0) {
+  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(path, O_CLOEXEC | O_DIRECTORY | O_RDONLY));
+  if (fd == -1) {
     ALOGE("failed to open %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
     return false;
   }
-  android::base::unique_fd fd_guard{fd};
 
   struct linux_dirent64 {
     uint64_t  d_ino;
@@ -125,7 +124,7 @@
   char dirent_buf[4096];
   ssize_t nread;
   do {
-    nread = syscall(SYS_getdents64, fd, dirent_buf, sizeof(dirent_buf));
+    nread = syscall(SYS_getdents64, fd.get(), dirent_buf, sizeof(dirent_buf));
     if (nread < 0) {
       ALOGE("failed to get directory entries from %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
       return false;
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/tests/ThreadCapture_test.cpp b/libmemunreachable/tests/ThreadCapture_test.cpp
index cefe94e..41ed84e 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/tests/ThreadCapture_test.cpp
+++ b/libmemunreachable/tests/ThreadCapture_test.cpp
@@ -28,8 +28,6 @@
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
-#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
-
 #include "Allocator.h"
 #include "ScopedDisableMalloc.h"
 #include "ScopedPipe.h"
diff --git a/libmincrypt/Android.mk b/libmincrypt/Android.mk
deleted file mode 100644
index 7906986..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/Android.mk
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2008 The Android Open Source Project
-#
-LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := libmincrypt
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := dsa_sig.c p256.c p256_ec.c p256_ecdsa.c rsa.c sha.c sha256.c
-LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror
-include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := libmincrypt
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := dsa_sig.c p256.c p256_ec.c p256_ecdsa.c rsa.c sha.c sha256.c
-LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror
-include $(BUILD_HOST_STATIC_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(LOCAL_PATH)/tools/Android.mk \
-        $(LOCAL_PATH)/test/Android.mk
diff --git a/libmincrypt/NOTICE b/libmincrypt/NOTICE
deleted file mode 100644
index 430d3d6..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/NOTICE
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
- Copyright 2008, The Android Open Source Project
-
- Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
-       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-       without specific prior written permission.
-
- THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 
- IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO 
- EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; 
- OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, 
- WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR 
- OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/libmincrypt/dsa_sig.c b/libmincrypt/dsa_sig.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 101314b..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/dsa_sig.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2013 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
- *       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *       without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
- * EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
- * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include "mincrypt/dsa_sig.h"
-#include "mincrypt/p256.h"
-
-/**
- * Trims off the leading zero bytes and copy it to a buffer aligning it to the end.
- */
-static inline int trim_to_p256_bytes(unsigned char dst[P256_NBYTES], unsigned char *src,
-        int src_len) {
-    int dst_offset;
-    while (*src == '\0' && src_len > 0) {
-        src++;
-        src_len--;
-    }
-    if (src_len > P256_NBYTES || src_len < 1) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-    dst_offset = P256_NBYTES - src_len;
-    memset(dst, 0, dst_offset);
-    memcpy(dst + dst_offset, src, src_len);
-    return 1;
-}
-
-/**
- * Unpacks the ASN.1 DSA signature sequence.
- */
-int dsa_sig_unpack(unsigned char* sig, int sig_len, p256_int* r_int, p256_int* s_int) {
-    /*
-     * Structure is:
-     *   0x30 0xNN  SEQUENCE + s_length
-     *     0x02 0xNN  INTEGER + r_length
-     *       0xAA 0xBB ..   r_length bytes of "r" (offset 4)
-     *     0x02 0xNN  INTEGER + s_length
-     *       0xMM 0xNN ..   s_length bytes of "s" (offset 6 + r_len)
-     */
-    int seq_len;
-    unsigned char r_bytes[P256_NBYTES];
-    unsigned char s_bytes[P256_NBYTES];
-    int r_len;
-    int s_len;
-
-    memset(r_bytes, 0, sizeof(r_bytes));
-    memset(s_bytes, 0, sizeof(s_bytes));
-
-    /*
-     * Must have at least:
-     * 2 bytes sequence header and length
-     * 2 bytes R integer header and length
-     * 1 byte of R
-     * 2 bytes S integer header and length
-     * 1 byte of S
-     *
-     * 8 bytes total
-     */
-    if (sig_len < 8 || sig[0] != 0x30 || sig[2] != 0x02) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    seq_len = sig[1];
-    if ((seq_len <= 0) || (seq_len + 2 != sig_len)) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    r_len = sig[3];
-    /*
-     * Must have at least:
-     * 2 bytes for R header and length
-     * 2 bytes S integer header and length
-     * 1 byte of S
-     */
-    if ((r_len < 1) || (r_len > seq_len - 5) || (sig[4 + r_len] != 0x02)) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-    s_len = sig[5 + r_len];
-
-    /**
-     * Must have:
-     * 2 bytes for R header and length
-     * r_len bytes for R
-     * 2 bytes S integer header and length
-     */
-    if ((s_len < 1) || (s_len != seq_len - 4 - r_len)) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * ASN.1 encoded integers are zero-padded for positive integers. Make sure we have
-     * a correctly-sized buffer and that the resulting integer isn't too large.
-     */
-    if (!trim_to_p256_bytes(r_bytes, &sig[4], r_len)
-            || !trim_to_p256_bytes(s_bytes, &sig[6 + r_len], s_len)) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    p256_from_bin(r_bytes, r_int);
-    p256_from_bin(s_bytes, s_int);
-
-    return 1;
-}
diff --git a/libmincrypt/p256.c b/libmincrypt/p256.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 555a07a..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/p256.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,373 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2013 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
- *       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *       without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
- * EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
- * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-// This is an implementation of the P256 elliptic curve group. It's written to
-// be portable 32-bit, although it's still constant-time.
-//
-// WARNING: Implementing these functions in a constant-time manner is far from
-//          obvious. Be careful when touching this code.
-//
-// See http://www.imperialviolet.org/2010/12/04/ecc.html ([1]) for background.
-
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-#include "mincrypt/p256.h"
-
-const p256_int SECP256r1_n =  // curve order
-  {{0xfc632551, 0xf3b9cac2, 0xa7179e84, 0xbce6faad, -1, -1, 0, -1}};
-
-const p256_int SECP256r1_p =  // curve field size
-  {{-1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, -1 }};
-
-const p256_int SECP256r1_b =  // curve b
-  {{0x27d2604b, 0x3bce3c3e, 0xcc53b0f6, 0x651d06b0,
-    0x769886bc, 0xb3ebbd55, 0xaa3a93e7, 0x5ac635d8}};
-
-void p256_init(p256_int* a) {
-  memset(a, 0, sizeof(*a));
-}
-
-void p256_clear(p256_int* a) { p256_init(a); }
-
-int p256_get_bit(const p256_int* scalar, int bit) {
-  return (P256_DIGIT(scalar, bit / P256_BITSPERDIGIT)
-              >> (bit & (P256_BITSPERDIGIT - 1))) & 1;
-}
-
-int p256_is_zero(const p256_int* a) {
-  int i, result = 0;
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS; ++i) result |= P256_DIGIT(a, i);
-  return !result;
-}
-
-// top, c[] += a[] * b
-// Returns new top
-static p256_digit mulAdd(const p256_int* a,
-                         p256_digit b,
-                         p256_digit top,
-                         p256_digit* c) {
-  int i;
-  p256_ddigit carry = 0;
-
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS; ++i) {
-    carry += *c;
-    carry += (p256_ddigit)P256_DIGIT(a, i) * b;
-    *c++ = (p256_digit)carry;
-    carry >>= P256_BITSPERDIGIT;
-  }
-  return top + (p256_digit)carry;
-}
-
-// top, c[] -= top_a, a[]
-static p256_digit subTop(p256_digit top_a,
-                         const p256_digit* a,
-                         p256_digit top_c,
-                         p256_digit* c) {
-  int i;
-  p256_sddigit borrow = 0;
-
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS; ++i) {
-    borrow += *c;
-    borrow -= *a++;
-    *c++ = (p256_digit)borrow;
-    borrow >>= P256_BITSPERDIGIT;
-  }
-  borrow += top_c;
-  borrow -= top_a;
-  top_c = (p256_digit)borrow;
-  assert((borrow >> P256_BITSPERDIGIT) == 0);
-  return top_c;
-}
-
-// top, c[] -= MOD[] & mask (0 or -1)
-// returns new top.
-static p256_digit subM(const p256_int* MOD,
-                       p256_digit top,
-                       p256_digit* c,
-                       p256_digit mask) {
-  int i;
-  p256_sddigit borrow = 0;
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS; ++i) {
-    borrow += *c;
-    borrow -= P256_DIGIT(MOD, i) & mask;
-    *c++ = (p256_digit)borrow;
-    borrow >>= P256_BITSPERDIGIT;
-  }
-  return top + (p256_digit)borrow;
-}
-
-// top, c[] += MOD[] & mask (0 or -1)
-// returns new top.
-static p256_digit addM(const p256_int* MOD,
-                       p256_digit top,
-                       p256_digit* c,
-                       p256_digit mask) {
-  int i;
-  p256_ddigit carry = 0;
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS; ++i) {
-    carry += *c;
-    carry += P256_DIGIT(MOD, i) & mask;
-    *c++ = (p256_digit)carry;
-    carry >>= P256_BITSPERDIGIT;
-  }
-  return top + (p256_digit)carry;
-}
-
-// c = a * b mod MOD. c can be a and/or b.
-void p256_modmul(const p256_int* MOD,
-                 const p256_int* a,
-                 const p256_digit top_b,
-                 const p256_int* b,
-                 p256_int* c) {
-  p256_digit tmp[P256_NDIGITS * 2 + 1] = { 0 };
-  p256_digit top = 0;
-  int i;
-
-  // Multiply/add into tmp.
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS; ++i) {
-    if (i) tmp[i + P256_NDIGITS - 1] = top;
-    top = mulAdd(a, P256_DIGIT(b, i), 0, tmp + i);
-  }
-
-  // Multiply/add top digit
-  tmp[i + P256_NDIGITS - 1] = top;
-  top = mulAdd(a, top_b, 0, tmp + i);
-
-  // Reduce tmp, digit by digit.
-  for (; i >= 0; --i) {
-    p256_digit reducer[P256_NDIGITS] = { 0 };
-    p256_digit top_reducer;
-
-    // top can be any value at this point.
-    // Guestimate reducer as top * MOD, since msw of MOD is -1.
-    top_reducer = mulAdd(MOD, top, 0, reducer);
-
-    // Subtract reducer from top | tmp.
-    top = subTop(top_reducer, reducer, top, tmp + i);
-
-    // top is now either 0 or 1. Make it 0, fixed-timing.
-    assert(top <= 1);
-
-    top = subM(MOD, top, tmp + i, ~(top - 1));
-
-    assert(top == 0);
-
-    // We have now reduced the top digit off tmp. Fetch new top digit.
-    top = tmp[i + P256_NDIGITS - 1];
-  }
-
-  // tmp might still be larger than MOD, yet same bit length.
-  // Make sure it is less, fixed-timing.
-  addM(MOD, 0, tmp, subM(MOD, 0, tmp, -1));
-
-  memcpy(c, tmp, P256_NBYTES);
-}
-int p256_is_odd(const p256_int* a) { return P256_DIGIT(a, 0) & 1; }
-int p256_is_even(const p256_int* a) { return !(P256_DIGIT(a, 0) & 1); }
-
-p256_digit p256_shl(const p256_int* a, int n, p256_int* b) {
-  int i;
-  p256_digit top = P256_DIGIT(a, P256_NDIGITS - 1);
-
-  n %= P256_BITSPERDIGIT;
-  for (i = P256_NDIGITS - 1; i > 0; --i) {
-    p256_digit accu = (P256_DIGIT(a, i) << n);
-    accu |= (P256_DIGIT(a, i - 1) >> (P256_BITSPERDIGIT - n));
-    P256_DIGIT(b, i) = accu;
-  }
-  P256_DIGIT(b, i) = (P256_DIGIT(a, i) << n);
-
-  top = (p256_digit)((((p256_ddigit)top) << n) >> P256_BITSPERDIGIT);
-
-  return top;
-}
-
-void p256_shr(const p256_int* a, int n, p256_int* b) {
-  int i;
-
-  n %= P256_BITSPERDIGIT;
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS - 1; ++i) {
-    p256_digit accu = (P256_DIGIT(a, i) >> n);
-    accu |= (P256_DIGIT(a, i + 1) << (P256_BITSPERDIGIT - n));
-    P256_DIGIT(b, i) = accu;
-  }
-  P256_DIGIT(b, i) = (P256_DIGIT(a, i) >> n);
-}
-
-static void p256_shr1(const p256_int* a, int highbit, p256_int* b) {
-  int i;
-
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS - 1; ++i) {
-    p256_digit accu = (P256_DIGIT(a, i) >> 1);
-    accu |= (P256_DIGIT(a, i + 1) << (P256_BITSPERDIGIT - 1));
-    P256_DIGIT(b, i) = accu;
-  }
-  P256_DIGIT(b, i) = (P256_DIGIT(a, i) >> 1) |
-      (highbit << (P256_BITSPERDIGIT - 1));
-}
-
-// Return -1, 0, 1 for a < b, a == b or a > b respectively.
-int p256_cmp(const p256_int* a, const p256_int* b) {
-  int i;
-  p256_sddigit borrow = 0;
-  p256_digit notzero = 0;
-
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS; ++i) {
-    borrow += (p256_sddigit)P256_DIGIT(a, i) - P256_DIGIT(b, i);
-    // Track whether any result digit is ever not zero.
-    // Relies on !!(non-zero) evaluating to 1, e.g., !!(-1) evaluating to 1.
-    notzero |= !!((p256_digit)borrow);
-    borrow >>= P256_BITSPERDIGIT;
-  }
-  return (int)borrow | notzero;
-}
-
-// c = a - b. Returns borrow: 0 or -1.
-int p256_sub(const p256_int* a, const p256_int* b, p256_int* c) {
-  int i;
-  p256_sddigit borrow = 0;
-
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS; ++i) {
-    borrow += (p256_sddigit)P256_DIGIT(a, i) - P256_DIGIT(b, i);
-    if (c) P256_DIGIT(c, i) = (p256_digit)borrow;
-    borrow >>= P256_BITSPERDIGIT;
-  }
-  return (int)borrow;
-}
-
-// c = a + b. Returns carry: 0 or 1.
-int p256_add(const p256_int* a, const p256_int* b, p256_int* c) {
-  int i;
-  p256_ddigit carry = 0;
-
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS; ++i) {
-    carry += (p256_ddigit)P256_DIGIT(a, i) + P256_DIGIT(b, i);
-    if (c) P256_DIGIT(c, i) = (p256_digit)carry;
-    carry >>= P256_BITSPERDIGIT;
-  }
-  return (int)carry;
-}
-
-// b = a + d. Returns carry, 0 or 1.
-int p256_add_d(const p256_int* a, p256_digit d, p256_int* b) {
-  int i;
-  p256_ddigit carry = d;
-
-  for (i = 0; i < P256_NDIGITS; ++i) {
-    carry += (p256_ddigit)P256_DIGIT(a, i);
-    if (b) P256_DIGIT(b, i) = (p256_digit)carry;
-    carry >>= P256_BITSPERDIGIT;
-  }
-  return (int)carry;
-}
-
-// b = 1/a mod MOD, binary euclid.
-void p256_modinv_vartime(const p256_int* MOD,
-                         const p256_int* a,
-                         p256_int* b) {
-  p256_int R = P256_ZERO;
-  p256_int S = P256_ONE;
-  p256_int U = *MOD;
-  p256_int V = *a;
-
-  for (;;) {
-    if (p256_is_even(&U)) {
-      p256_shr1(&U, 0, &U);
-      if (p256_is_even(&R)) {
-        p256_shr1(&R, 0, &R);
-      } else {
-        // R = (R+MOD)/2
-        p256_shr1(&R, p256_add(&R, MOD, &R), &R);
-      }
-    } else if (p256_is_even(&V)) {
-      p256_shr1(&V, 0, &V);
-      if (p256_is_even(&S)) {
-        p256_shr1(&S, 0, &S);
-      } else {
-        // S = (S+MOD)/2
-        p256_shr1(&S, p256_add(&S, MOD, &S) , &S);
-      }
-    } else {  // U,V both odd.
-      if (!p256_sub(&V, &U, NULL)) {
-        p256_sub(&V, &U, &V);
-        if (p256_sub(&S, &R, &S)) p256_add(&S, MOD, &S);
-        if (p256_is_zero(&V)) break;  // done.
-      } else {
-        p256_sub(&U, &V, &U);
-        if (p256_sub(&R, &S, &R)) p256_add(&R, MOD, &R);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  p256_mod(MOD, &R, b);
-}
-
-void p256_mod(const p256_int* MOD,
-              const p256_int* in,
-              p256_int* out) {
-  if (out != in) *out = *in;
-  addM(MOD, 0, P256_DIGITS(out), subM(MOD, 0, P256_DIGITS(out), -1));
-}
-
-// Verify y^2 == x^3 - 3x + b mod p
-// and 0 < x < p and 0 < y < p
-int p256_is_valid_point(const p256_int* x, const p256_int* y) {
-  p256_int y2, x3;
-
-  if (p256_cmp(&SECP256r1_p, x) <= 0 ||
-      p256_cmp(&SECP256r1_p, y) <= 0 ||
-      p256_is_zero(x) ||
-      p256_is_zero(y)) return 0;
-
-  p256_modmul(&SECP256r1_p, y, 0, y, &y2);  // y^2
-
-  p256_modmul(&SECP256r1_p, x, 0, x, &x3);  // x^2
-  p256_modmul(&SECP256r1_p, x, 0, &x3, &x3);  // x^3
-  if (p256_sub(&x3, x, &x3)) p256_add(&x3, &SECP256r1_p, &x3);  // x^3 - x
-  if (p256_sub(&x3, x, &x3)) p256_add(&x3, &SECP256r1_p, &x3);  // x^3 - 2x
-  if (p256_sub(&x3, x, &x3)) p256_add(&x3, &SECP256r1_p, &x3);  // x^3 - 3x
-  if (p256_add(&x3, &SECP256r1_b, &x3))  // x^3 - 3x + b
-    p256_sub(&x3, &SECP256r1_p, &x3);
-
-  return p256_cmp(&y2, &x3) == 0;
-}
-
-void p256_from_bin(const uint8_t src[P256_NBYTES], p256_int* dst) {
-  int i;
-  const uint8_t* p = &src[0];
-
-  for (i = P256_NDIGITS - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
-    P256_DIGIT(dst, i) =
-        (p[0] << 24) |
-        (p[1] << 16) |
-        (p[2] << 8) |
-        p[3];
-    p += 4;
-  }
-}
diff --git a/libmincrypt/p256_ec.c b/libmincrypt/p256_ec.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 90262cc..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/p256_ec.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1279 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2013 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
- *       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *       without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
- * EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
- * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-// This is an implementation of the P256 elliptic curve group. It's written to
-// be portable 32-bit, although it's still constant-time.
-//
-// WARNING: Implementing these functions in a constant-time manner is far from
-//          obvious. Be careful when touching this code.
-//
-// See http://www.imperialviolet.org/2010/12/04/ecc.html ([1]) for background.
-
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-#include <string.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-
-#include "mincrypt/p256.h"
-
-typedef uint8_t u8;
-typedef uint32_t u32;
-typedef int32_t s32;
-typedef uint64_t u64;
-
-/* Our field elements are represented as nine 32-bit limbs.
- *
- * The value of an felem (field element) is:
- *   x[0] + (x[1] * 2**29) + (x[2] * 2**57) + ... + (x[8] * 2**228)
- *
- * That is, each limb is alternately 29 or 28-bits wide in little-endian
- * order.
- *
- * This means that an felem hits 2**257, rather than 2**256 as we would like. A
- * 28, 29, ... pattern would cause us to hit 2**256, but that causes problems
- * when multiplying as terms end up one bit short of a limb which would require
- * much bit-shifting to correct.
- *
- * Finally, the values stored in an felem are in Montgomery form. So the value
- * |y| is stored as (y*R) mod p, where p is the P-256 prime and R is 2**257.
- */
-typedef u32 limb;
-#define NLIMBS 9
-typedef limb felem[NLIMBS];
-
-static const limb kBottom28Bits = 0xfffffff;
-static const limb kBottom29Bits = 0x1fffffff;
-
-/* kOne is the number 1 as an felem. It's 2**257 mod p split up into 29 and
- * 28-bit words. */
-static const felem kOne = {
-    2, 0, 0, 0xffff800,
-    0x1fffffff, 0xfffffff, 0x1fbfffff, 0x1ffffff,
-    0
-};
-static const felem kZero = {0};
-static const felem kP = {
-    0x1fffffff, 0xfffffff, 0x1fffffff, 0x3ff,
-    0, 0, 0x200000, 0xf000000,
-    0xfffffff
-};
-static const felem k2P = {
-    0x1ffffffe, 0xfffffff, 0x1fffffff, 0x7ff,
-    0, 0, 0x400000, 0xe000000,
-    0x1fffffff
-};
-/* kPrecomputed contains precomputed values to aid the calculation of scalar
- * multiples of the base point, G. It's actually two, equal length, tables
- * concatenated.
- *
- * The first table contains (x,y) felem pairs for 16 multiples of the base
- * point, G.
- *
- *   Index  |  Index (binary) | Value
- *       0  |           0000  | 0G (all zeros, omitted)
- *       1  |           0001  | G
- *       2  |           0010  | 2**64G
- *       3  |           0011  | 2**64G + G
- *       4  |           0100  | 2**128G
- *       5  |           0101  | 2**128G + G
- *       6  |           0110  | 2**128G + 2**64G
- *       7  |           0111  | 2**128G + 2**64G + G
- *       8  |           1000  | 2**192G
- *       9  |           1001  | 2**192G + G
- *      10  |           1010  | 2**192G + 2**64G
- *      11  |           1011  | 2**192G + 2**64G + G
- *      12  |           1100  | 2**192G + 2**128G
- *      13  |           1101  | 2**192G + 2**128G + G
- *      14  |           1110  | 2**192G + 2**128G + 2**64G
- *      15  |           1111  | 2**192G + 2**128G + 2**64G + G
- *
- * The second table follows the same style, but the terms are 2**32G,
- * 2**96G, 2**160G, 2**224G.
- *
- * This is ~2KB of data. */
-static const limb kPrecomputed[NLIMBS * 2 * 15 * 2] = {
-    0x11522878, 0xe730d41, 0xdb60179, 0x4afe2ff, 0x12883add, 0xcaddd88, 0x119e7edc, 0xd4a6eab, 0x3120bee,
-    0x1d2aac15, 0xf25357c, 0x19e45cdd, 0x5c721d0, 0x1992c5a5, 0xa237487, 0x154ba21, 0x14b10bb, 0xae3fe3,
-    0xd41a576, 0x922fc51, 0x234994f, 0x60b60d3, 0x164586ae, 0xce95f18, 0x1fe49073, 0x3fa36cc, 0x5ebcd2c,
-    0xb402f2f, 0x15c70bf, 0x1561925c, 0x5a26704, 0xda91e90, 0xcdc1c7f, 0x1ea12446, 0xe1ade1e, 0xec91f22,
-    0x26f7778, 0x566847e, 0xa0bec9e, 0x234f453, 0x1a31f21a, 0xd85e75c, 0x56c7109, 0xa267a00, 0xb57c050,
-    0x98fb57, 0xaa837cc, 0x60c0792, 0xcfa5e19, 0x61bab9e, 0x589e39b, 0xa324c5, 0x7d6dee7, 0x2976e4b,
-    0x1fc4124a, 0xa8c244b, 0x1ce86762, 0xcd61c7e, 0x1831c8e0, 0x75774e1, 0x1d96a5a9, 0x843a649, 0xc3ab0fa,
-    0x6e2e7d5, 0x7673a2a, 0x178b65e8, 0x4003e9b, 0x1a1f11c2, 0x7816ea, 0xf643e11, 0x58c43df, 0xf423fc2,
-    0x19633ffa, 0x891f2b2, 0x123c231c, 0x46add8c, 0x54700dd, 0x59e2b17, 0x172db40f, 0x83e277d, 0xb0dd609,
-    0xfd1da12, 0x35c6e52, 0x19ede20c, 0xd19e0c0, 0x97d0f40, 0xb015b19, 0x449e3f5, 0xe10c9e, 0x33ab581,
-    0x56a67ab, 0x577734d, 0x1dddc062, 0xc57b10d, 0x149b39d, 0x26a9e7b, 0xc35df9f, 0x48764cd, 0x76dbcca,
-    0xca4b366, 0xe9303ab, 0x1a7480e7, 0x57e9e81, 0x1e13eb50, 0xf466cf3, 0x6f16b20, 0x4ba3173, 0xc168c33,
-    0x15cb5439, 0x6a38e11, 0x73658bd, 0xb29564f, 0x3f6dc5b, 0x53b97e, 0x1322c4c0, 0x65dd7ff, 0x3a1e4f6,
-    0x14e614aa, 0x9246317, 0x1bc83aca, 0xad97eed, 0xd38ce4a, 0xf82b006, 0x341f077, 0xa6add89, 0x4894acd,
-    0x9f162d5, 0xf8410ef, 0x1b266a56, 0xd7f223, 0x3e0cb92, 0xe39b672, 0x6a2901a, 0x69a8556, 0x7e7c0,
-    0x9b7d8d3, 0x309a80, 0x1ad05f7f, 0xc2fb5dd, 0xcbfd41d, 0x9ceb638, 0x1051825c, 0xda0cf5b, 0x812e881,
-    0x6f35669, 0x6a56f2c, 0x1df8d184, 0x345820, 0x1477d477, 0x1645db1, 0xbe80c51, 0xc22be3e, 0xe35e65a,
-    0x1aeb7aa0, 0xc375315, 0xf67bc99, 0x7fdd7b9, 0x191fc1be, 0x61235d, 0x2c184e9, 0x1c5a839, 0x47a1e26,
-    0xb7cb456, 0x93e225d, 0x14f3c6ed, 0xccc1ac9, 0x17fe37f3, 0x4988989, 0x1a90c502, 0x2f32042, 0xa17769b,
-    0xafd8c7c, 0x8191c6e, 0x1dcdb237, 0x16200c0, 0x107b32a1, 0x66c08db, 0x10d06a02, 0x3fc93, 0x5620023,
-    0x16722b27, 0x68b5c59, 0x270fcfc, 0xfad0ecc, 0xe5de1c2, 0xeab466b, 0x2fc513c, 0x407f75c, 0xbaab133,
-    0x9705fe9, 0xb88b8e7, 0x734c993, 0x1e1ff8f, 0x19156970, 0xabd0f00, 0x10469ea7, 0x3293ac0, 0xcdc98aa,
-    0x1d843fd, 0xe14bfe8, 0x15be825f, 0x8b5212, 0xeb3fb67, 0x81cbd29, 0xbc62f16, 0x2b6fcc7, 0xf5a4e29,
-    0x13560b66, 0xc0b6ac2, 0x51ae690, 0xd41e271, 0xf3e9bd4, 0x1d70aab, 0x1029f72, 0x73e1c35, 0xee70fbc,
-    0xad81baf, 0x9ecc49a, 0x86c741e, 0xfe6be30, 0x176752e7, 0x23d416, 0x1f83de85, 0x27de188, 0x66f70b8,
-    0x181cd51f, 0x96b6e4c, 0x188f2335, 0xa5df759, 0x17a77eb6, 0xfeb0e73, 0x154ae914, 0x2f3ec51, 0x3826b59,
-    0xb91f17d, 0x1c72949, 0x1362bf0a, 0xe23fddf, 0xa5614b0, 0xf7d8f, 0x79061, 0x823d9d2, 0x8213f39,
-    0x1128ae0b, 0xd095d05, 0xb85c0c2, 0x1ecb2ef, 0x24ddc84, 0xe35e901, 0x18411a4a, 0xf5ddc3d, 0x3786689,
-    0x52260e8, 0x5ae3564, 0x542b10d, 0x8d93a45, 0x19952aa4, 0x996cc41, 0x1051a729, 0x4be3499, 0x52b23aa,
-    0x109f307e, 0x6f5b6bb, 0x1f84e1e7, 0x77a0cfa, 0x10c4df3f, 0x25a02ea, 0xb048035, 0xe31de66, 0xc6ecaa3,
-    0x28ea335, 0x2886024, 0x1372f020, 0xf55d35, 0x15e4684c, 0xf2a9e17, 0x1a4a7529, 0xcb7beb1, 0xb2a78a1,
-    0x1ab21f1f, 0x6361ccf, 0x6c9179d, 0xb135627, 0x1267b974, 0x4408bad, 0x1cbff658, 0xe3d6511, 0xc7d76f,
-    0x1cc7a69, 0xe7ee31b, 0x54fab4f, 0x2b914f, 0x1ad27a30, 0xcd3579e, 0xc50124c, 0x50daa90, 0xb13f72,
-    0xb06aa75, 0x70f5cc6, 0x1649e5aa, 0x84a5312, 0x329043c, 0x41c4011, 0x13d32411, 0xb04a838, 0xd760d2d,
-    0x1713b532, 0xbaa0c03, 0x84022ab, 0x6bcf5c1, 0x2f45379, 0x18ae070, 0x18c9e11e, 0x20bca9a, 0x66f496b,
-    0x3eef294, 0x67500d2, 0xd7f613c, 0x2dbbeb, 0xb741038, 0xe04133f, 0x1582968d, 0xbe985f7, 0x1acbc1a,
-    0x1a6a939f, 0x33e50f6, 0xd665ed4, 0xb4b7bd6, 0x1e5a3799, 0x6b33847, 0x17fa56ff, 0x65ef930, 0x21dc4a,
-    0x2b37659, 0x450fe17, 0xb357b65, 0xdf5efac, 0x15397bef, 0x9d35a7f, 0x112ac15f, 0x624e62e, 0xa90ae2f,
-    0x107eecd2, 0x1f69bbe, 0x77d6bce, 0x5741394, 0x13c684fc, 0x950c910, 0x725522b, 0xdc78583, 0x40eeabb,
-    0x1fde328a, 0xbd61d96, 0xd28c387, 0x9e77d89, 0x12550c40, 0x759cb7d, 0x367ef34, 0xae2a960, 0x91b8bdc,
-    0x93462a9, 0xf469ef, 0xb2e9aef, 0xd2ca771, 0x54e1f42, 0x7aaa49, 0x6316abb, 0x2413c8e, 0x5425bf9,
-    0x1bed3e3a, 0xf272274, 0x1f5e7326, 0x6416517, 0xea27072, 0x9cedea7, 0x6e7633, 0x7c91952, 0xd806dce,
-    0x8e2a7e1, 0xe421e1a, 0x418c9e1, 0x1dbc890, 0x1b395c36, 0xa1dc175, 0x1dc4ef73, 0x8956f34, 0xe4b5cf2,
-    0x1b0d3a18, 0x3194a36, 0x6c2641f, 0xe44124c, 0xa2f4eaa, 0xa8c25ba, 0xf927ed7, 0x627b614, 0x7371cca,
-    0xba16694, 0x417bc03, 0x7c0a7e3, 0x9c35c19, 0x1168a205, 0x8b6b00d, 0x10e3edc9, 0x9c19bf2, 0x5882229,
-    0x1b2b4162, 0xa5cef1a, 0x1543622b, 0x9bd433e, 0x364e04d, 0x7480792, 0x5c9b5b3, 0xe85ff25, 0x408ef57,
-    0x1814cfa4, 0x121b41b, 0xd248a0f, 0x3b05222, 0x39bb16a, 0xc75966d, 0xa038113, 0xa4a1769, 0x11fbc6c,
-    0x917e50e, 0xeec3da8, 0x169d6eac, 0x10c1699, 0xa416153, 0xf724912, 0x15cd60b7, 0x4acbad9, 0x5efc5fa,
-    0xf150ed7, 0x122b51, 0x1104b40a, 0xcb7f442, 0xfbb28ff, 0x6ac53ca, 0x196142cc, 0x7bf0fa9, 0x957651,
-    0x4e0f215, 0xed439f8, 0x3f46bd5, 0x5ace82f, 0x110916b6, 0x6db078, 0xffd7d57, 0xf2ecaac, 0xca86dec,
-    0x15d6b2da, 0x965ecc9, 0x1c92b4c2, 0x1f3811, 0x1cb080f5, 0x2d8b804, 0x19d1c12d, 0xf20bd46, 0x1951fa7,
-    0xa3656c3, 0x523a425, 0xfcd0692, 0xd44ddc8, 0x131f0f5b, 0xaf80e4a, 0xcd9fc74, 0x99bb618, 0x2db944c,
-    0xa673090, 0x1c210e1, 0x178c8d23, 0x1474383, 0x10b8743d, 0x985a55b, 0x2e74779, 0x576138, 0x9587927,
-    0x133130fa, 0xbe05516, 0x9f4d619, 0xbb62570, 0x99ec591, 0xd9468fe, 0x1d07782d, 0xfc72e0b, 0x701b298,
-    0x1863863b, 0x85954b8, 0x121a0c36, 0x9e7fedf, 0xf64b429, 0x9b9d71e, 0x14e2f5d8, 0xf858d3a, 0x942eea8,
-    0xda5b765, 0x6edafff, 0xa9d18cc, 0xc65e4ba, 0x1c747e86, 0xe4ea915, 0x1981d7a1, 0x8395659, 0x52ed4e2,
-    0x87d43b7, 0x37ab11b, 0x19d292ce, 0xf8d4692, 0x18c3053f, 0x8863e13, 0x4c146c0, 0x6bdf55a, 0x4e4457d,
-    0x16152289, 0xac78ec2, 0x1a59c5a2, 0x2028b97, 0x71c2d01, 0x295851f, 0x404747b, 0x878558d, 0x7d29aa4,
-    0x13d8341f, 0x8daefd7, 0x139c972d, 0x6b7ea75, 0xd4a9dde, 0xff163d8, 0x81d55d7, 0xa5bef68, 0xb7b30d8,
-    0xbe73d6f, 0xaa88141, 0xd976c81, 0x7e7a9cc, 0x18beb771, 0xd773cbd, 0x13f51951, 0x9d0c177, 0x1c49a78,
-};
-
-
-/* Field element operations: */
-
-/* NON_ZERO_TO_ALL_ONES returns:
- *   0xffffffff for 0 < x <= 2**31
- *   0 for x == 0 or x > 2**31.
- *
- * x must be a u32 or an equivalent type such as limb. */
-#define NON_ZERO_TO_ALL_ONES(x) ((((u32)(x) - 1) >> 31) - 1)
-
-/* felem_reduce_carry adds a multiple of p in order to cancel |carry|,
- * which is a term at 2**257.
- *
- * On entry: carry < 2**3, inout[0,2,...] < 2**29, inout[1,3,...] < 2**28.
- * On exit: inout[0,2,..] < 2**30, inout[1,3,...] < 2**29. */
-static void felem_reduce_carry(felem inout, limb carry) {
-  const u32 carry_mask = NON_ZERO_TO_ALL_ONES(carry);
-
-  inout[0] += carry << 1;
-  inout[3] += 0x10000000 & carry_mask;
-  /* carry < 2**3 thus (carry << 11) < 2**14 and we added 2**28 in the
-   * previous line therefore this doesn't underflow. */
-  inout[3] -= carry << 11;
-  inout[4] += (0x20000000 - 1) & carry_mask;
-  inout[5] += (0x10000000 - 1) & carry_mask;
-  inout[6] += (0x20000000 - 1) & carry_mask;
-  inout[6] -= carry << 22;
-  /* This may underflow if carry is non-zero but, if so, we'll fix it in the
-   * next line. */
-  inout[7] -= 1 & carry_mask;
-  inout[7] += carry << 25;
-}
-
-/* felem_sum sets out = in+in2.
- *
- * On entry, in[i]+in2[i] must not overflow a 32-bit word.
- * On exit: out[0,2,...] < 2**30, out[1,3,...] < 2**29 */
-static void felem_sum(felem out, const felem in, const felem in2) {
-  limb carry = 0;
-  unsigned i;
-
-  for (i = 0;; i++) {
-    out[i] = in[i] + in2[i];
-    out[i] += carry;
-    carry = out[i] >> 29;
-    out[i] &= kBottom29Bits;
-
-    i++;
-    if (i == NLIMBS)
-      break;
-
-    out[i] = in[i] + in2[i];
-    out[i] += carry;
-    carry = out[i] >> 28;
-    out[i] &= kBottom28Bits;
-  }
-
-  felem_reduce_carry(out, carry);
-}
-
-#define two31m3 (((limb)1) << 31) - (((limb)1) << 3)
-#define two30m2 (((limb)1) << 30) - (((limb)1) << 2)
-#define two30p13m2 (((limb)1) << 30) + (((limb)1) << 13) - (((limb)1) << 2)
-#define two31m2 (((limb)1) << 31) - (((limb)1) << 2)
-#define two31p24m2 (((limb)1) << 31) + (((limb)1) << 24) - (((limb)1) << 2)
-#define two30m27m2 (((limb)1) << 30) - (((limb)1) << 27) - (((limb)1) << 2)
-
-/* zero31 is 0 mod p. */
-static const felem zero31 = { two31m3, two30m2, two31m2, two30p13m2, two31m2, two30m2, two31p24m2, two30m27m2, two31m2 };
-
-/* felem_diff sets out = in-in2.
- *
- * On entry: in[0,2,...] < 2**30, in[1,3,...] < 2**29 and
- *           in2[0,2,...] < 2**30, in2[1,3,...] < 2**29.
- * On exit: out[0,2,...] < 2**30, out[1,3,...] < 2**29. */
-static void felem_diff(felem out, const felem in, const felem in2) {
-  limb carry = 0;
-  unsigned i;
-
-   for (i = 0;; i++) {
-    out[i] = in[i] - in2[i];
-    out[i] += zero31[i];
-    out[i] += carry;
-    carry = out[i] >> 29;
-    out[i] &= kBottom29Bits;
-
-    i++;
-    if (i == NLIMBS)
-      break;
-
-    out[i] = in[i] - in2[i];
-    out[i] += zero31[i];
-    out[i] += carry;
-    carry = out[i] >> 28;
-    out[i] &= kBottom28Bits;
-  }
-
-  felem_reduce_carry(out, carry);
-}
-
-/* felem_reduce_degree sets out = tmp/R mod p where tmp contains 64-bit words
- * with the same 29,28,... bit positions as an felem.
- *
- * The values in felems are in Montgomery form: x*R mod p where R = 2**257.
- * Since we just multiplied two Montgomery values together, the result is
- * x*y*R*R mod p. We wish to divide by R in order for the result also to be
- * in Montgomery form.
- *
- * On entry: tmp[i] < 2**64
- * On exit: out[0,2,...] < 2**30, out[1,3,...] < 2**29 */
-static void felem_reduce_degree(felem out, u64 tmp[17]) {
-   /* The following table may be helpful when reading this code:
-    *
-    * Limb number:   0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10...
-    * Width (bits):  29| 28| 29| 28| 29| 28| 29| 28| 29| 28| 29
-    * Start bit:     0 | 29| 57| 86|114|143|171|200|228|257|285
-    *   (odd phase): 0 | 28| 57| 85|114|142|171|199|228|256|285 */
-  limb tmp2[18], carry, x, xMask;
-  unsigned i;
-
-  /* tmp contains 64-bit words with the same 29,28,29-bit positions as an
-   * felem. So the top of an element of tmp might overlap with another
-   * element two positions down. The following loop eliminates this
-   * overlap. */
-  tmp2[0] = (limb)(tmp[0] & kBottom29Bits);
-
-  /* In the following we use "(limb) tmp[x]" and "(limb) (tmp[x]>>32)" to try
-   * and hint to the compiler that it can do a single-word shift by selecting
-   * the right register rather than doing a double-word shift and truncating
-   * afterwards. */
-  tmp2[1] = ((limb) tmp[0]) >> 29;
-  tmp2[1] |= (((limb)(tmp[0] >> 32)) << 3) & kBottom28Bits;
-  tmp2[1] += ((limb) tmp[1]) & kBottom28Bits;
-  carry = tmp2[1] >> 28;
-  tmp2[1] &= kBottom28Bits;
-
-  for (i = 2; i < 17; i++) {
-    tmp2[i] = ((limb)(tmp[i - 2] >> 32)) >> 25;
-    tmp2[i] += ((limb)(tmp[i - 1])) >> 28;
-    tmp2[i] += (((limb)(tmp[i - 1] >> 32)) << 4) & kBottom29Bits;
-    tmp2[i] += ((limb) tmp[i]) & kBottom29Bits;
-    tmp2[i] += carry;
-    carry = tmp2[i] >> 29;
-    tmp2[i] &= kBottom29Bits;
-
-    i++;
-    if (i == 17)
-      break;
-    tmp2[i] = ((limb)(tmp[i - 2] >> 32)) >> 25;
-    tmp2[i] += ((limb)(tmp[i - 1])) >> 29;
-    tmp2[i] += (((limb)(tmp[i - 1] >> 32)) << 3) & kBottom28Bits;
-    tmp2[i] += ((limb) tmp[i]) & kBottom28Bits;
-    tmp2[i] += carry;
-    carry = tmp2[i] >> 28;
-    tmp2[i] &= kBottom28Bits;
-  }
-
-  tmp2[17] = ((limb)(tmp[15] >> 32)) >> 25;
-  tmp2[17] += ((limb)(tmp[16])) >> 29;
-  tmp2[17] += (((limb)(tmp[16] >> 32)) << 3);
-  tmp2[17] += carry;
-
-  /* Montgomery elimination of terms.
-   *
-   * Since R is 2**257, we can divide by R with a bitwise shift if we can
-   * ensure that the right-most 257 bits are all zero. We can make that true by
-   * adding multiplies of p without affecting the value.
-   *
-   * So we eliminate limbs from right to left. Since the bottom 29 bits of p
-   * are all ones, then by adding tmp2[0]*p to tmp2 we'll make tmp2[0] == 0.
-   * We can do that for 8 further limbs and then right shift to eliminate the
-   * extra factor of R. */
-  for (i = 0;; i += 2) {
-    tmp2[i + 1] += tmp2[i] >> 29;
-    x = tmp2[i] & kBottom29Bits;
-    xMask = NON_ZERO_TO_ALL_ONES(x);
-    tmp2[i] = 0;
-
-    /* The bounds calculations for this loop are tricky. Each iteration of
-     * the loop eliminates two words by adding values to words to their
-     * right.
-     *
-     * The following table contains the amounts added to each word (as an
-     * offset from the value of i at the top of the loop). The amounts are
-     * accounted for from the first and second half of the loop separately
-     * and are written as, for example, 28 to mean a value <2**28.
-     *
-     * Word:                   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10
-     * Added in top half:     28  11      29  21  29  28
-     *                                        28  29
-     *                                            29
-     * Added in bottom half:      29  10      28  21  28   28
-     *                                            29
-     *
-     * The value that is currently offset 7 will be offset 5 for the next
-     * iteration and then offset 3 for the iteration after that. Therefore
-     * the total value added will be the values added at 7, 5 and 3.
-     *
-     * The following table accumulates these values. The sums at the bottom
-     * are written as, for example, 29+28, to mean a value < 2**29+2**28.
-     *
-     * Word:                   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13
-     *                        28  11  10  29  21  29  28  28  28  28  28
-     *                            29  28  11  28  29  28  29  28  29  28
-     *                                    29  28  21  21  29  21  29  21
-     *                                        10  29  28  21  28  21  28
-     *                                        28  29  28  29  28  29  28
-     *                                            11  10  29  10  29  10
-     *                                            29  28  11  28  11
-     *                                                    29      29
-     *                        --------------------------------------------
-     *                                                30+ 31+ 30+ 31+ 30+
-     *                                                28+ 29+ 28+ 29+ 21+
-     *                                                21+ 28+ 21+ 28+ 10
-     *                                                10  21+ 10  21+
-     *                                                    11      11
-     *
-     * So the greatest amount is added to tmp2[10] and tmp2[12]. If
-     * tmp2[10/12] has an initial value of <2**29, then the maximum value
-     * will be < 2**31 + 2**30 + 2**28 + 2**21 + 2**11, which is < 2**32,
-     * as required. */
-    tmp2[i + 3] += (x << 10) & kBottom28Bits;
-    tmp2[i + 4] += (x >> 18);
-
-    tmp2[i + 6] += (x << 21) & kBottom29Bits;
-    tmp2[i + 7] += x >> 8;
-
-    /* At position 200, which is the starting bit position for word 7, we
-     * have a factor of 0xf000000 = 2**28 - 2**24. */
-    tmp2[i + 7] += 0x10000000 & xMask;
-    /* Word 7 is 28 bits wide, so the 2**28 term exactly hits word 8. */
-    tmp2[i + 8] += (x - 1) & xMask;
-    tmp2[i + 7] -= (x << 24) & kBottom28Bits;
-    tmp2[i + 8] -= x >> 4;
-
-    tmp2[i + 8] += 0x20000000 & xMask;
-    tmp2[i + 8] -= x;
-    tmp2[i + 8] += (x << 28) & kBottom29Bits;
-    tmp2[i + 9] += ((x >> 1) - 1) & xMask;
-
-    if (i+1 == NLIMBS)
-      break;
-    tmp2[i + 2] += tmp2[i + 1] >> 28;
-    x = tmp2[i + 1] & kBottom28Bits;
-    xMask = NON_ZERO_TO_ALL_ONES(x);
-    tmp2[i + 1] = 0;
-
-    tmp2[i + 4] += (x << 11) & kBottom29Bits;
-    tmp2[i + 5] += (x >> 18);
-
-    tmp2[i + 7] += (x << 21) & kBottom28Bits;
-    tmp2[i + 8] += x >> 7;
-
-    /* At position 199, which is the starting bit of the 8th word when
-     * dealing with a context starting on an odd word, we have a factor of
-     * 0x1e000000 = 2**29 - 2**25. Since we have not updated i, the 8th
-     * word from i+1 is i+8. */
-    tmp2[i + 8] += 0x20000000 & xMask;
-    tmp2[i + 9] += (x - 1) & xMask;
-    tmp2[i + 8] -= (x << 25) & kBottom29Bits;
-    tmp2[i + 9] -= x >> 4;
-
-    tmp2[i + 9] += 0x10000000 & xMask;
-    tmp2[i + 9] -= x;
-    tmp2[i + 10] += (x - 1) & xMask;
-  }
-
-  /* We merge the right shift with a carry chain. The words above 2**257 have
-   * widths of 28,29,... which we need to correct when copying them down.  */
-  carry = 0;
-  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
-    /* The maximum value of tmp2[i + 9] occurs on the first iteration and
-     * is < 2**30+2**29+2**28. Adding 2**29 (from tmp2[i + 10]) is
-     * therefore safe. */
-    out[i] = tmp2[i + 9];
-    out[i] += carry;
-    out[i] += (tmp2[i + 10] << 28) & kBottom29Bits;
-    carry = out[i] >> 29;
-    out[i] &= kBottom29Bits;
-
-    i++;
-    out[i] = tmp2[i + 9] >> 1;
-    out[i] += carry;
-    carry = out[i] >> 28;
-    out[i] &= kBottom28Bits;
-  }
-
-  out[8] = tmp2[17];
-  out[8] += carry;
-  carry = out[8] >> 29;
-  out[8] &= kBottom29Bits;
-
-  felem_reduce_carry(out, carry);
-}
-
-/* felem_square sets out=in*in.
- *
- * On entry: in[0,2,...] < 2**30, in[1,3,...] < 2**29.
- * On exit: out[0,2,...] < 2**30, out[1,3,...] < 2**29. */
-static void felem_square(felem out, const felem in) {
-  u64 tmp[17];
-
-  tmp[0] = ((u64) in[0]) * in[0];
-  tmp[1] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in[1] << 1);
-  tmp[2] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in[2] << 1) +
-           ((u64) in[1]) * (in[1] << 1);
-  tmp[3] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in[3] << 1) +
-           ((u64) in[1]) * (in[2] << 1);
-  tmp[4] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in[4] << 1) +
-           ((u64) in[1]) * (in[3] << 2) + ((u64) in[2]) * in[2];
-  tmp[5] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in[5] << 1) + ((u64) in[1]) *
-           (in[4] << 1) + ((u64) in[2]) * (in[3] << 1);
-  tmp[6] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in[6] << 1) + ((u64) in[1]) *
-           (in[5] << 2) + ((u64) in[2]) * (in[4] << 1) +
-           ((u64) in[3]) * (in[3] << 1);
-  tmp[7] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in[7] << 1) + ((u64) in[1]) *
-           (in[6] << 1) + ((u64) in[2]) * (in[5] << 1) +
-           ((u64) in[3]) * (in[4] << 1);
-  /* tmp[8] has the greatest value of 2**61 + 2**60 + 2**61 + 2**60 + 2**60,
-   * which is < 2**64 as required. */
-  tmp[8] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in[8] << 1) + ((u64) in[1]) *
-           (in[7] << 2) + ((u64) in[2]) * (in[6] << 1) +
-           ((u64) in[3]) * (in[5] << 2) + ((u64) in[4]) * in[4];
-  tmp[9] = ((u64) in[1]) * (in[8] << 1) + ((u64) in[2]) *
-           (in[7] << 1) + ((u64) in[3]) * (in[6] << 1) +
-           ((u64) in[4]) * (in[5] << 1);
-  tmp[10] = ((u64) in[2]) * (in[8] << 1) + ((u64) in[3]) *
-            (in[7] << 2) + ((u64) in[4]) * (in[6] << 1) +
-            ((u64) in[5]) * (in[5] << 1);
-  tmp[11] = ((u64) in[3]) * (in[8] << 1) + ((u64) in[4]) *
-            (in[7] << 1) + ((u64) in[5]) * (in[6] << 1);
-  tmp[12] = ((u64) in[4]) * (in[8] << 1) +
-            ((u64) in[5]) * (in[7] << 2) + ((u64) in[6]) * in[6];
-  tmp[13] = ((u64) in[5]) * (in[8] << 1) +
-            ((u64) in[6]) * (in[7] << 1);
-  tmp[14] = ((u64) in[6]) * (in[8] << 1) +
-            ((u64) in[7]) * (in[7] << 1);
-  tmp[15] = ((u64) in[7]) * (in[8] << 1);
-  tmp[16] = ((u64) in[8]) * in[8];
-
-  felem_reduce_degree(out, tmp);
-}
-
-/* felem_mul sets out=in*in2.
- *
- * On entry: in[0,2,...] < 2**30, in[1,3,...] < 2**29 and
- *           in2[0,2,...] < 2**30, in2[1,3,...] < 2**29.
- * On exit: out[0,2,...] < 2**30, out[1,3,...] < 2**29. */
-static void felem_mul(felem out, const felem in, const felem in2) {
-  u64 tmp[17];
-
-  tmp[0] = ((u64) in[0]) * in2[0];
-  tmp[1] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in2[1] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[1]) * (in2[0] << 0);
-  tmp[2] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in2[2] << 0) + ((u64) in[1]) *
-           (in2[1] << 1) + ((u64) in[2]) * (in2[0] << 0);
-  tmp[3] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in2[3] << 0) + ((u64) in[1]) *
-           (in2[2] << 0) + ((u64) in[2]) * (in2[1] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[3]) * (in2[0] << 0);
-  tmp[4] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in2[4] << 0) + ((u64) in[1]) *
-           (in2[3] << 1) + ((u64) in[2]) * (in2[2] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[3]) * (in2[1] << 1) +
-           ((u64) in[4]) * (in2[0] << 0);
-  tmp[5] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in2[5] << 0) + ((u64) in[1]) *
-           (in2[4] << 0) + ((u64) in[2]) * (in2[3] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[3]) * (in2[2] << 0) + ((u64) in[4]) *
-           (in2[1] << 0) + ((u64) in[5]) * (in2[0] << 0);
-  tmp[6] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in2[6] << 0) + ((u64) in[1]) *
-           (in2[5] << 1) + ((u64) in[2]) * (in2[4] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[3]) * (in2[3] << 1) + ((u64) in[4]) *
-           (in2[2] << 0) + ((u64) in[5]) * (in2[1] << 1) +
-           ((u64) in[6]) * (in2[0] << 0);
-  tmp[7] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in2[7] << 0) + ((u64) in[1]) *
-           (in2[6] << 0) + ((u64) in[2]) * (in2[5] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[3]) * (in2[4] << 0) + ((u64) in[4]) *
-           (in2[3] << 0) + ((u64) in[5]) * (in2[2] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[6]) * (in2[1] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[7]) * (in2[0] << 0);
-  /* tmp[8] has the greatest value but doesn't overflow. See logic in
-   * felem_square. */
-  tmp[8] = ((u64) in[0]) * (in2[8] << 0) + ((u64) in[1]) *
-           (in2[7] << 1) + ((u64) in[2]) * (in2[6] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[3]) * (in2[5] << 1) + ((u64) in[4]) *
-           (in2[4] << 0) + ((u64) in[5]) * (in2[3] << 1) +
-           ((u64) in[6]) * (in2[2] << 0) + ((u64) in[7]) *
-           (in2[1] << 1) + ((u64) in[8]) * (in2[0] << 0);
-  tmp[9] = ((u64) in[1]) * (in2[8] << 0) + ((u64) in[2]) *
-           (in2[7] << 0) + ((u64) in[3]) * (in2[6] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[4]) * (in2[5] << 0) + ((u64) in[5]) *
-           (in2[4] << 0) + ((u64) in[6]) * (in2[3] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[7]) * (in2[2] << 0) +
-           ((u64) in[8]) * (in2[1] << 0);
-  tmp[10] = ((u64) in[2]) * (in2[8] << 0) + ((u64) in[3]) *
-            (in2[7] << 1) + ((u64) in[4]) * (in2[6] << 0) +
-            ((u64) in[5]) * (in2[5] << 1) + ((u64) in[6]) *
-            (in2[4] << 0) + ((u64) in[7]) * (in2[3] << 1) +
-            ((u64) in[8]) * (in2[2] << 0);
-  tmp[11] = ((u64) in[3]) * (in2[8] << 0) + ((u64) in[4]) *
-            (in2[7] << 0) + ((u64) in[5]) * (in2[6] << 0) +
-            ((u64) in[6]) * (in2[5] << 0) + ((u64) in[7]) *
-            (in2[4] << 0) + ((u64) in[8]) * (in2[3] << 0);
-  tmp[12] = ((u64) in[4]) * (in2[8] << 0) + ((u64) in[5]) *
-            (in2[7] << 1) + ((u64) in[6]) * (in2[6] << 0) +
-            ((u64) in[7]) * (in2[5] << 1) +
-            ((u64) in[8]) * (in2[4] << 0);
-  tmp[13] = ((u64) in[5]) * (in2[8] << 0) + ((u64) in[6]) *
-            (in2[7] << 0) + ((u64) in[7]) * (in2[6] << 0) +
-            ((u64) in[8]) * (in2[5] << 0);
-  tmp[14] = ((u64) in[6]) * (in2[8] << 0) + ((u64) in[7]) *
-            (in2[7] << 1) + ((u64) in[8]) * (in2[6] << 0);
-  tmp[15] = ((u64) in[7]) * (in2[8] << 0) +
-            ((u64) in[8]) * (in2[7] << 0);
-  tmp[16] = ((u64) in[8]) * (in2[8] << 0);
-
-  felem_reduce_degree(out, tmp);
-}
-
-static void felem_assign(felem out, const felem in) {
-  memcpy(out, in, sizeof(felem));
-}
-
-/* felem_inv calculates |out| = |in|^{-1}
- *
- * Based on Fermat's Little Theorem:
- *   a^p = a (mod p)
- *   a^{p-1} = 1 (mod p)
- *   a^{p-2} = a^{-1} (mod p)
- */
-static void felem_inv(felem out, const felem in) {
-  felem ftmp, ftmp2;
-  /* each e_I will hold |in|^{2^I - 1} */
-  felem e2, e4, e8, e16, e32, e64;
-  unsigned i;
-
-  felem_square(ftmp, in); /* 2^1 */
-  felem_mul(ftmp, in, ftmp); /* 2^2 - 2^0 */
-  felem_assign(e2, ftmp);
-  felem_square(ftmp, ftmp); /* 2^3 - 2^1 */
-  felem_square(ftmp, ftmp); /* 2^4 - 2^2 */
-  felem_mul(ftmp, ftmp, e2); /* 2^4 - 2^0 */
-  felem_assign(e4, ftmp);
-  felem_square(ftmp, ftmp); /* 2^5 - 2^1 */
-  felem_square(ftmp, ftmp); /* 2^6 - 2^2 */
-  felem_square(ftmp, ftmp); /* 2^7 - 2^3 */
-  felem_square(ftmp, ftmp); /* 2^8 - 2^4 */
-  felem_mul(ftmp, ftmp, e4); /* 2^8 - 2^0 */
-  felem_assign(e8, ftmp);
-  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
-    felem_square(ftmp, ftmp);
-  } /* 2^16 - 2^8 */
-  felem_mul(ftmp, ftmp, e8); /* 2^16 - 2^0 */
-  felem_assign(e16, ftmp);
-  for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
-    felem_square(ftmp, ftmp);
-  } /* 2^32 - 2^16 */
-  felem_mul(ftmp, ftmp, e16); /* 2^32 - 2^0 */
-  felem_assign(e32, ftmp);
-  for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
-    felem_square(ftmp, ftmp);
-  } /* 2^64 - 2^32 */
-  felem_assign(e64, ftmp);
-  felem_mul(ftmp, ftmp, in); /* 2^64 - 2^32 + 2^0 */
-  for (i = 0; i < 192; i++) {
-    felem_square(ftmp, ftmp);
-  } /* 2^256 - 2^224 + 2^192 */
-
-  felem_mul(ftmp2, e64, e32); /* 2^64 - 2^0 */
-  for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
-    felem_square(ftmp2, ftmp2);
-  } /* 2^80 - 2^16 */
-  felem_mul(ftmp2, ftmp2, e16); /* 2^80 - 2^0 */
-  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
-    felem_square(ftmp2, ftmp2);
-  } /* 2^88 - 2^8 */
-  felem_mul(ftmp2, ftmp2, e8); /* 2^88 - 2^0 */
-  for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-    felem_square(ftmp2, ftmp2);
-  } /* 2^92 - 2^4 */
-  felem_mul(ftmp2, ftmp2, e4); /* 2^92 - 2^0 */
-  felem_square(ftmp2, ftmp2); /* 2^93 - 2^1 */
-  felem_square(ftmp2, ftmp2); /* 2^94 - 2^2 */
-  felem_mul(ftmp2, ftmp2, e2); /* 2^94 - 2^0 */
-  felem_square(ftmp2, ftmp2); /* 2^95 - 2^1 */
-  felem_square(ftmp2, ftmp2); /* 2^96 - 2^2 */
-  felem_mul(ftmp2, ftmp2, in); /* 2^96 - 3 */
-
-  felem_mul(out, ftmp2, ftmp); /* 2^256 - 2^224 + 2^192 + 2^96 - 3 */
-}
-
-/* felem_scalar_3 sets out=3*out.
- *
- * On entry: out[0,2,...] < 2**30, out[1,3,...] < 2**29.
- * On exit: out[0,2,...] < 2**30, out[1,3,...] < 2**29. */
-static void felem_scalar_3(felem out) {
-  limb carry = 0;
-  unsigned i;
-
-  for (i = 0;; i++) {
-    out[i] *= 3;
-    out[i] += carry;
-    carry = out[i] >> 29;
-    out[i] &= kBottom29Bits;
-
-    i++;
-    if (i == NLIMBS)
-      break;
-
-    out[i] *= 3;
-    out[i] += carry;
-    carry = out[i] >> 28;
-    out[i] &= kBottom28Bits;
-  }
-
-  felem_reduce_carry(out, carry);
-}
-
-/* felem_scalar_4 sets out=4*out.
- *
- * On entry: out[0,2,...] < 2**30, out[1,3,...] < 2**29.
- * On exit: out[0,2,...] < 2**30, out[1,3,...] < 2**29. */
-static void felem_scalar_4(felem out) {
-  limb carry = 0, next_carry;
-  unsigned i;
-
-  for (i = 0;; i++) {
-    next_carry = out[i] >> 27;
-    out[i] <<= 2;
-    out[i] &= kBottom29Bits;
-    out[i] += carry;
-    carry = next_carry + (out[i] >> 29);
-    out[i] &= kBottom29Bits;
-
-    i++;
-    if (i == NLIMBS)
-      break;
-
-    next_carry = out[i] >> 26;
-    out[i] <<= 2;
-    out[i] &= kBottom28Bits;
-    out[i] += carry;
-    carry = next_carry + (out[i] >> 28);
-    out[i] &= kBottom28Bits;
-  }
-
-  felem_reduce_carry(out, carry);
-}
-
-/* felem_scalar_8 sets out=8*out.
- *
- * On entry: out[0,2,...] < 2**30, out[1,3,...] < 2**29.
- * On exit: out[0,2,...] < 2**30, out[1,3,...] < 2**29. */
-static void felem_scalar_8(felem out) {
-  limb carry = 0, next_carry;
-  unsigned i;
-
-  for (i = 0;; i++) {
-    next_carry = out[i] >> 26;
-    out[i] <<= 3;
-    out[i] &= kBottom29Bits;
-    out[i] += carry;
-    carry = next_carry + (out[i] >> 29);
-    out[i] &= kBottom29Bits;
-
-    i++;
-    if (i == NLIMBS)
-      break;
-
-    next_carry = out[i] >> 25;
-    out[i] <<= 3;
-    out[i] &= kBottom28Bits;
-    out[i] += carry;
-    carry = next_carry + (out[i] >> 28);
-    out[i] &= kBottom28Bits;
-  }
-
-  felem_reduce_carry(out, carry);
-}
-
-/* felem_is_zero_vartime returns 1 iff |in| == 0. It takes a variable amount of
- * time depending on the value of |in|. */
-static char felem_is_zero_vartime(const felem in) {
-  limb carry;
-  int i;
-  limb tmp[NLIMBS];
-
-  felem_assign(tmp, in);
-
-  /* First, reduce tmp to a minimal form. */
-  do {
-    carry = 0;
-    for (i = 0;; i++) {
-      tmp[i] += carry;
-      carry = tmp[i] >> 29;
-      tmp[i] &= kBottom29Bits;
-
-      i++;
-      if (i == NLIMBS)
-        break;
-
-      tmp[i] += carry;
-      carry = tmp[i] >> 28;
-      tmp[i] &= kBottom28Bits;
-    }
-
-    felem_reduce_carry(tmp, carry);
-  } while (carry);
-
-  /* tmp < 2**257, so the only possible zero values are 0, p and 2p. */
-  return memcmp(tmp, kZero, sizeof(tmp)) == 0 ||
-         memcmp(tmp, kP, sizeof(tmp)) == 0 ||
-         memcmp(tmp, k2P, sizeof(tmp)) == 0;
-}
-
-
-/* Group operations:
- *
- * Elements of the elliptic curve group are represented in Jacobian
- * coordinates: (x, y, z). An affine point (x', y') is x'=x/z**2, y'=y/z**3 in
- * Jacobian form. */
-
-/* point_double sets {x_out,y_out,z_out} = 2*{x,y,z}.
- *
- * See http://www.hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-shortw-jacobian-0.html#doubling-dbl-2009-l */
-static void point_double(felem x_out, felem y_out, felem z_out, const felem x,
-                         const felem y, const felem z) {
-  felem delta, gamma, alpha, beta, tmp, tmp2;
-
-  felem_square(delta, z);
-  felem_square(gamma, y);
-  felem_mul(beta, x, gamma);
-
-  felem_sum(tmp, x, delta);
-  felem_diff(tmp2, x, delta);
-  felem_mul(alpha, tmp, tmp2);
-  felem_scalar_3(alpha);
-
-  felem_sum(tmp, y, z);
-  felem_square(tmp, tmp);
-  felem_diff(tmp, tmp, gamma);
-  felem_diff(z_out, tmp, delta);
-
-  felem_scalar_4(beta);
-  felem_square(x_out, alpha);
-  felem_diff(x_out, x_out, beta);
-  felem_diff(x_out, x_out, beta);
-
-  felem_diff(tmp, beta, x_out);
-  felem_mul(tmp, alpha, tmp);
-  felem_square(tmp2, gamma);
-  felem_scalar_8(tmp2);
-  felem_diff(y_out, tmp, tmp2);
-}
-
-/* point_add_mixed sets {x_out,y_out,z_out} = {x1,y1,z1} + {x2,y2,1}.
- * (i.e. the second point is affine.)
- *
- * See http://www.hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-shortw-jacobian-0.html#addition-add-2007-bl
- *
- * Note that this function does not handle P+P, infinity+P nor P+infinity
- * correctly. */
-static void point_add_mixed(felem x_out, felem y_out, felem z_out,
-                            const felem x1, const felem y1, const felem z1,
-                            const felem x2, const felem y2) {
-  felem z1z1, z1z1z1, s2, u2, h, i, j, r, rr, v, tmp;
-
-  felem_square(z1z1, z1);
-  felem_sum(tmp, z1, z1);
-
-  felem_mul(u2, x2, z1z1);
-  felem_mul(z1z1z1, z1, z1z1);
-  felem_mul(s2, y2, z1z1z1);
-  felem_diff(h, u2, x1);
-  felem_sum(i, h, h);
-  felem_square(i, i);
-  felem_mul(j, h, i);
-  felem_diff(r, s2, y1);
-  felem_sum(r, r, r);
-  felem_mul(v, x1, i);
-
-  felem_mul(z_out, tmp, h);
-  felem_square(rr, r);
-  felem_diff(x_out, rr, j);
-  felem_diff(x_out, x_out, v);
-  felem_diff(x_out, x_out, v);
-
-  felem_diff(tmp, v, x_out);
-  felem_mul(y_out, tmp, r);
-  felem_mul(tmp, y1, j);
-  felem_diff(y_out, y_out, tmp);
-  felem_diff(y_out, y_out, tmp);
-}
-
-/* point_add sets {x_out,y_out,z_out} = {x1,y1,z1} + {x2,y2,z2}.
- *
- * See http://www.hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-shortw-jacobian-0.html#addition-add-2007-bl
- *
- * Note that this function does not handle P+P, infinity+P nor P+infinity
- * correctly. */
-static void point_add(felem x_out, felem y_out, felem z_out, const felem x1,
-                      const felem y1, const felem z1, const felem x2,
-                      const felem y2, const felem z2) {
-  felem z1z1, z1z1z1, z2z2, z2z2z2, s1, s2, u1, u2, h, i, j, r, rr, v, tmp;
-
-  felem_square(z1z1, z1);
-  felem_square(z2z2, z2);
-  felem_mul(u1, x1, z2z2);
-
-  felem_sum(tmp, z1, z2);
-  felem_square(tmp, tmp);
-  felem_diff(tmp, tmp, z1z1);
-  felem_diff(tmp, tmp, z2z2);
-
-  felem_mul(z2z2z2, z2, z2z2);
-  felem_mul(s1, y1, z2z2z2);
-
-  felem_mul(u2, x2, z1z1);
-  felem_mul(z1z1z1, z1, z1z1);
-  felem_mul(s2, y2, z1z1z1);
-  felem_diff(h, u2, u1);
-  felem_sum(i, h, h);
-  felem_square(i, i);
-  felem_mul(j, h, i);
-  felem_diff(r, s2, s1);
-  felem_sum(r, r, r);
-  felem_mul(v, u1, i);
-
-  felem_mul(z_out, tmp, h);
-  felem_square(rr, r);
-  felem_diff(x_out, rr, j);
-  felem_diff(x_out, x_out, v);
-  felem_diff(x_out, x_out, v);
-
-  felem_diff(tmp, v, x_out);
-  felem_mul(y_out, tmp, r);
-  felem_mul(tmp, s1, j);
-  felem_diff(y_out, y_out, tmp);
-  felem_diff(y_out, y_out, tmp);
-}
-
-/* point_add_or_double_vartime sets {x_out,y_out,z_out} = {x1,y1,z1} +
- *                                                        {x2,y2,z2}.
- *
- * See http://www.hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-shortw-jacobian-0.html#addition-add-2007-bl
- *
- * This function handles the case where {x1,y1,z1}={x2,y2,z2}. */
-static void point_add_or_double_vartime(
-    felem x_out, felem y_out, felem z_out, const felem x1, const felem y1,
-    const felem z1, const felem x2, const felem y2, const felem z2) {
-  felem z1z1, z1z1z1, z2z2, z2z2z2, s1, s2, u1, u2, h, i, j, r, rr, v, tmp;
-  char x_equal, y_equal;
-
-  felem_square(z1z1, z1);
-  felem_square(z2z2, z2);
-  felem_mul(u1, x1, z2z2);
-
-  felem_sum(tmp, z1, z2);
-  felem_square(tmp, tmp);
-  felem_diff(tmp, tmp, z1z1);
-  felem_diff(tmp, tmp, z2z2);
-
-  felem_mul(z2z2z2, z2, z2z2);
-  felem_mul(s1, y1, z2z2z2);
-
-  felem_mul(u2, x2, z1z1);
-  felem_mul(z1z1z1, z1, z1z1);
-  felem_mul(s2, y2, z1z1z1);
-  felem_diff(h, u2, u1);
-  x_equal = felem_is_zero_vartime(h);
-  felem_sum(i, h, h);
-  felem_square(i, i);
-  felem_mul(j, h, i);
-  felem_diff(r, s2, s1);
-  y_equal = felem_is_zero_vartime(r);
-  if (x_equal && y_equal) {
-    point_double(x_out, y_out, z_out, x1, y1, z1);
-    return;
-  }
-  felem_sum(r, r, r);
-  felem_mul(v, u1, i);
-
-  felem_mul(z_out, tmp, h);
-  felem_square(rr, r);
-  felem_diff(x_out, rr, j);
-  felem_diff(x_out, x_out, v);
-  felem_diff(x_out, x_out, v);
-
-  felem_diff(tmp, v, x_out);
-  felem_mul(y_out, tmp, r);
-  felem_mul(tmp, s1, j);
-  felem_diff(y_out, y_out, tmp);
-  felem_diff(y_out, y_out, tmp);
-}
-
-/* copy_conditional sets out=in if mask = 0xffffffff in constant time.
- *
- * On entry: mask is either 0 or 0xffffffff. */
-static void copy_conditional(felem out, const felem in, limb mask) {
-  int i;
-
-  for (i = 0; i < NLIMBS; i++) {
-    const limb tmp = mask & (in[i] ^ out[i]);
-    out[i] ^= tmp;
-  }
-}
-
-/* select_affine_point sets {out_x,out_y} to the index'th entry of table.
- * On entry: index < 16, table[0] must be zero. */
-static void select_affine_point(felem out_x, felem out_y, const limb* table,
-                                limb index) {
-  limb i, j;
-
-  memset(out_x, 0, sizeof(felem));
-  memset(out_y, 0, sizeof(felem));
-
-  for (i = 1; i < 16; i++) {
-    limb mask = i ^ index;
-    mask |= mask >> 2;
-    mask |= mask >> 1;
-    mask &= 1;
-    mask--;
-    for (j = 0; j < NLIMBS; j++, table++) {
-      out_x[j] |= *table & mask;
-    }
-    for (j = 0; j < NLIMBS; j++, table++) {
-      out_y[j] |= *table & mask;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-/* select_jacobian_point sets {out_x,out_y,out_z} to the index'th entry of
- * table. On entry: index < 16, table[0] must be zero. */
-static void select_jacobian_point(felem out_x, felem out_y, felem out_z,
-                                  const limb* table, limb index) {
-  limb i, j;
-
-  memset(out_x, 0, sizeof(felem));
-  memset(out_y, 0, sizeof(felem));
-  memset(out_z, 0, sizeof(felem));
-
-  /* The implicit value at index 0 is all zero. We don't need to perform that
-   * iteration of the loop because we already set out_* to zero. */
-  table += 3 * NLIMBS;
-
-  // Hit all entries to obscure cache profiling.
-  for (i = 1; i < 16; i++) {
-    limb mask = i ^ index;
-    mask |= mask >> 2;
-    mask |= mask >> 1;
-    mask &= 1;
-    mask--;
-    for (j = 0; j < NLIMBS; j++, table++) {
-      out_x[j] |= *table & mask;
-    }
-    for (j = 0; j < NLIMBS; j++, table++) {
-      out_y[j] |= *table & mask;
-    }
-    for (j = 0; j < NLIMBS; j++, table++) {
-      out_z[j] |= *table & mask;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-/* scalar_base_mult sets {nx,ny,nz} = scalar*G where scalar is a little-endian
- * number. Note that the value of scalar must be less than the order of the
- * group. */
-static void scalar_base_mult(felem nx, felem ny, felem nz,
-                             const p256_int* scalar) {
-  int i, j;
-  limb n_is_infinity_mask = -1, p_is_noninfinite_mask, mask;
-  u32 table_offset;
-
-  felem px, py;
-  felem tx, ty, tz;
-
-  memset(nx, 0, sizeof(felem));
-  memset(ny, 0, sizeof(felem));
-  memset(nz, 0, sizeof(felem));
-
-  /* The loop adds bits at positions 0, 64, 128 and 192, followed by
-   * positions 32,96,160 and 224 and does this 32 times. */
-  for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
-    if (i) {
-      point_double(nx, ny, nz, nx, ny, nz);
-    }
-    table_offset = 0;
-    for (j = 0; j <= 32; j += 32) {
-      char bit0 = p256_get_bit(scalar, 31 - i + j);
-      char bit1 = p256_get_bit(scalar, 95 - i + j);
-      char bit2 = p256_get_bit(scalar, 159 - i + j);
-      char bit3 = p256_get_bit(scalar, 223 - i + j);
-      limb index = bit0 | (bit1 << 1) | (bit2 << 2) | (bit3 << 3);
-
-      select_affine_point(px, py, kPrecomputed + table_offset, index);
-      table_offset += 30 * NLIMBS;
-
-      /* Since scalar is less than the order of the group, we know that
-       * {nx,ny,nz} != {px,py,1}, unless both are zero, which we handle
-       * below. */
-      point_add_mixed(tx, ty, tz, nx, ny, nz, px, py);
-      /* The result of point_add_mixed is incorrect if {nx,ny,nz} is zero
-       * (a.k.a.  the point at infinity). We handle that situation by
-       * copying the point from the table. */
-      copy_conditional(nx, px, n_is_infinity_mask);
-      copy_conditional(ny, py, n_is_infinity_mask);
-      copy_conditional(nz, kOne, n_is_infinity_mask);
-
-      /* Equally, the result is also wrong if the point from the table is
-       * zero, which happens when the index is zero. We handle that by
-       * only copying from {tx,ty,tz} to {nx,ny,nz} if index != 0. */
-      p_is_noninfinite_mask = NON_ZERO_TO_ALL_ONES(index);
-      mask = p_is_noninfinite_mask & ~n_is_infinity_mask;
-      copy_conditional(nx, tx, mask);
-      copy_conditional(ny, ty, mask);
-      copy_conditional(nz, tz, mask);
-      /* If p was not zero, then n is now non-zero. */
-      n_is_infinity_mask &= ~p_is_noninfinite_mask;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-/* point_to_affine converts a Jacobian point to an affine point. If the input
- * is the point at infinity then it returns (0, 0) in constant time. */
-static void point_to_affine(felem x_out, felem y_out, const felem nx,
-                            const felem ny, const felem nz) {
-  felem z_inv, z_inv_sq;
-  felem_inv(z_inv, nz);
-  felem_square(z_inv_sq, z_inv);
-  felem_mul(x_out, nx, z_inv_sq);
-  felem_mul(z_inv, z_inv, z_inv_sq);
-  felem_mul(y_out, ny, z_inv);
-}
-
-/* scalar_base_mult sets {nx,ny,nz} = scalar*{x,y}. */
-static void scalar_mult(felem nx, felem ny, felem nz, const felem x,
-                        const felem y, const p256_int* scalar) {
-  int i;
-  felem px, py, pz, tx, ty, tz;
-  felem precomp[16][3];
-  limb n_is_infinity_mask, index, p_is_noninfinite_mask, mask;
-
-  /* We precompute 0,1,2,... times {x,y}. */
-  memset(precomp, 0, sizeof(felem) * 3);
-  memcpy(&precomp[1][0], x, sizeof(felem));
-  memcpy(&precomp[1][1], y, sizeof(felem));
-  memcpy(&precomp[1][2], kOne, sizeof(felem));
-
-  for (i = 2; i < 16; i += 2) {
-    point_double(precomp[i][0], precomp[i][1], precomp[i][2],
-                 precomp[i / 2][0], precomp[i / 2][1], precomp[i / 2][2]);
-
-    point_add_mixed(precomp[i + 1][0], precomp[i + 1][1], precomp[i + 1][2],
-                    precomp[i][0], precomp[i][1], precomp[i][2], x, y);
-  }
-
-  memset(nx, 0, sizeof(felem));
-  memset(ny, 0, sizeof(felem));
-  memset(nz, 0, sizeof(felem));
-  n_is_infinity_mask = -1;
-
-  /* We add in a window of four bits each iteration and do this 64 times. */
-  for (i = 0; i < 256; i += 4) {
-    if (i) {
-      point_double(nx, ny, nz, nx, ny, nz);
-      point_double(nx, ny, nz, nx, ny, nz);
-      point_double(nx, ny, nz, nx, ny, nz);
-      point_double(nx, ny, nz, nx, ny, nz);
-    }
-
-    index = (p256_get_bit(scalar, 255 - i - 0) << 3) |
-            (p256_get_bit(scalar, 255 - i - 1) << 2) |
-            (p256_get_bit(scalar, 255 - i - 2) << 1) |
-            p256_get_bit(scalar, 255 - i - 3);
-
-    /* See the comments in scalar_base_mult about handling infinities. */
-    select_jacobian_point(px, py, pz, precomp[0][0], index);
-    point_add(tx, ty, tz, nx, ny, nz, px, py, pz);
-    copy_conditional(nx, px, n_is_infinity_mask);
-    copy_conditional(ny, py, n_is_infinity_mask);
-    copy_conditional(nz, pz, n_is_infinity_mask);
-
-    p_is_noninfinite_mask = NON_ZERO_TO_ALL_ONES(index);
-    mask = p_is_noninfinite_mask & ~n_is_infinity_mask;
-
-    copy_conditional(nx, tx, mask);
-    copy_conditional(ny, ty, mask);
-    copy_conditional(nz, tz, mask);
-    n_is_infinity_mask &= ~p_is_noninfinite_mask;
-  }
-}
-
-#define kRDigits {2, 0, 0, 0xfffffffe, 0xffffffff, 0xffffffff, 0xfffffffd, 1} // 2^257 mod p256.p
-
-#define kRInvDigits {0x80000000, 1, 0xffffffff, 0, 0x80000001, 0xfffffffe, 1, 0x7fffffff}  // 1 / 2^257 mod p256.p
-
-static const p256_int kR = { kRDigits };
-static const p256_int kRInv = { kRInvDigits };
-
-/* to_montgomery sets out = R*in. */
-static void to_montgomery(felem out, const p256_int* in) {
-  p256_int in_shifted;
-  int i;
-
-  p256_init(&in_shifted);
-  p256_modmul(&SECP256r1_p, in, 0, &kR, &in_shifted);
-
-  for (i = 0; i < NLIMBS; i++) {
-    if ((i & 1) == 0) {
-      out[i] = P256_DIGIT(&in_shifted, 0) & kBottom29Bits;
-      p256_shr(&in_shifted, 29, &in_shifted);
-    } else {
-      out[i] = P256_DIGIT(&in_shifted, 0) & kBottom28Bits;
-      p256_shr(&in_shifted, 28, &in_shifted);
-    }
-  }
-
-  p256_clear(&in_shifted);
-}
-
-/* from_montgomery sets out=in/R. */
-static void from_montgomery(p256_int* out, const felem in) {
-  p256_int result, tmp;
-  int i, top;
-
-  p256_init(&result);
-  p256_init(&tmp);
-
-  p256_add_d(&tmp, in[NLIMBS - 1], &result);
-  for (i = NLIMBS - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
-    if ((i & 1) == 0) {
-      top = p256_shl(&result, 29, &tmp);
-    } else {
-      top = p256_shl(&result, 28, &tmp);
-    }
-    top |= p256_add_d(&tmp, in[i], &result);
-  }
-
-  p256_modmul(&SECP256r1_p, &kRInv, top, &result, out);
-
-  p256_clear(&result);
-  p256_clear(&tmp);
-}
-
-/* p256_base_point_mul sets {out_x,out_y} = nG, where n is < the
- * order of the group. */
-void p256_base_point_mul(const p256_int* n, p256_int* out_x, p256_int* out_y) {
-  felem x, y, z;
-
-  scalar_base_mult(x, y, z, n);
-
-  {
-    felem x_affine, y_affine;
-
-    point_to_affine(x_affine, y_affine, x, y, z);
-    from_montgomery(out_x, x_affine);
-    from_montgomery(out_y, y_affine);
-  }
-}
-
-/* p256_points_mul_vartime sets {out_x,out_y} = n1*G + n2*{in_x,in_y}, where
- * n1 and n2 are < the order of the group.
- *
- * As indicated by the name, this function operates in variable time. This
- * is safe because it's used for signature validation which doesn't deal
- * with secrets. */
-void p256_points_mul_vartime(
-    const p256_int* n1, const p256_int* n2, const p256_int* in_x,
-    const p256_int* in_y, p256_int* out_x, p256_int* out_y) {
-  felem x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2, px, py;
-
-  /* If both scalars are zero, then the result is the point at infinity. */
-  if (p256_is_zero(n1) != 0 && p256_is_zero(n2) != 0) {
-    p256_clear(out_x);
-    p256_clear(out_y);
-    return;
-  }
-
-  to_montgomery(px, in_x);
-  to_montgomery(py, in_y);
-  scalar_base_mult(x1, y1, z1, n1);
-  scalar_mult(x2, y2, z2, px, py, n2);
-
-  if (p256_is_zero(n2) != 0) {
-    /* If n2 == 0, then {x2,y2,z2} is zero and the result is just
-         * {x1,y1,z1}. */
-  } else if (p256_is_zero(n1) != 0) {
-    /* If n1 == 0, then {x1,y1,z1} is zero and the result is just
-         * {x2,y2,z2}. */
-    memcpy(x1, x2, sizeof(x2));
-    memcpy(y1, y2, sizeof(y2));
-    memcpy(z1, z2, sizeof(z2));
-  } else {
-    /* This function handles the case where {x1,y1,z1} == {x2,y2,z2}. */
-    point_add_or_double_vartime(x1, y1, z1, x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2);
-  }
-
-  point_to_affine(px, py, x1, y1, z1);
-  from_montgomery(out_x, px);
-  from_montgomery(out_y, py);
-}
diff --git a/libmincrypt/p256_ecdsa.c b/libmincrypt/p256_ecdsa.c
deleted file mode 100644
index f2264b0..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/p256_ecdsa.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2013 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
- *       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *       without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
- * EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
- * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include "mincrypt/p256_ecdsa.h"
-#include "mincrypt/p256.h"
-
-int p256_ecdsa_verify(const p256_int* key_x, const p256_int* key_y,
-                      const p256_int* message,
-                      const p256_int* r, const p256_int* s) {
-  p256_int u, v;
-
-  // Check public key.
-  if (!p256_is_valid_point(key_x, key_y)) return 0;
-
-  // Check r and s are != 0 % n.
-  p256_mod(&SECP256r1_n, r, &u);
-  p256_mod(&SECP256r1_n, s, &v);
-  if (p256_is_zero(&u) || p256_is_zero(&v)) return 0;
-
-  p256_modinv_vartime(&SECP256r1_n, s, &v);
-  p256_modmul(&SECP256r1_n, message, 0, &v, &u);  // message / s % n
-  p256_modmul(&SECP256r1_n, r, 0, &v, &v);  // r / s % n
-
-  p256_points_mul_vartime(&u, &v,
-                          key_x, key_y,
-                          &u, &v);
-
-  p256_mod(&SECP256r1_n, &u, &u);  // (x coord % p) % n
-  return p256_cmp(r, &u) == 0;
-}
-
diff --git a/libmincrypt/rsa.c b/libmincrypt/rsa.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 9061b3a..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/rsa.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,308 +0,0 @@
-/* rsa.c
-**
-** Copyright 2012, The Android Open Source Project
-**
-** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-**     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-**     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-**       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-**     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
-**       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-**       without specific prior written permission.
-**
-** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
-** IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
-** MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
-** EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
-** PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
-** OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
-** WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
-** OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
-** ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-*/
-
-#include "mincrypt/rsa.h"
-#include "mincrypt/sha.h"
-#include "mincrypt/sha256.h"
-
-// a[] -= mod
-static void subM(const RSAPublicKey* key,
-                 uint32_t* a) {
-    int64_t A = 0;
-    int i;
-    for (i = 0; i < key->len; ++i) {
-        A += (uint64_t)a[i] - key->n[i];
-        a[i] = (uint32_t)A;
-        A >>= 32;
-    }
-}
-
-// return a[] >= mod
-static int geM(const RSAPublicKey* key,
-               const uint32_t* a) {
-    int i;
-    for (i = key->len; i;) {
-        --i;
-        if (a[i] < key->n[i]) return 0;
-        if (a[i] > key->n[i]) return 1;
-    }
-    return 1;  // equal
-}
-
-// montgomery c[] += a * b[] / R % mod
-static void montMulAdd(const RSAPublicKey* key,
-                       uint32_t* c,
-                       const uint32_t a,
-                       const uint32_t* b) {
-    uint64_t A = (uint64_t)a * b[0] + c[0];
-    uint32_t d0 = (uint32_t)A * key->n0inv;
-    uint64_t B = (uint64_t)d0 * key->n[0] + (uint32_t)A;
-    int i;
-
-    for (i = 1; i < key->len; ++i) {
-        A = (A >> 32) + (uint64_t)a * b[i] + c[i];
-        B = (B >> 32) + (uint64_t)d0 * key->n[i] + (uint32_t)A;
-        c[i - 1] = (uint32_t)B;
-    }
-
-    A = (A >> 32) + (B >> 32);
-
-    c[i - 1] = (uint32_t)A;
-
-    if (A >> 32) {
-        subM(key, c);
-    }
-}
-
-// montgomery c[] = a[] * b[] / R % mod
-static void montMul(const RSAPublicKey* key,
-                    uint32_t* c,
-                    const uint32_t* a,
-                    const uint32_t* b) {
-    int i;
-    for (i = 0; i < key->len; ++i) {
-        c[i] = 0;
-    }
-    for (i = 0; i < key->len; ++i) {
-        montMulAdd(key, c, a[i], b);
-    }
-}
-
-// In-place public exponentiation.
-// Input and output big-endian byte array in inout.
-static void modpow(const RSAPublicKey* key,
-                   uint8_t* inout) {
-    uint32_t a[RSANUMWORDS];
-    uint32_t aR[RSANUMWORDS];
-    uint32_t aaR[RSANUMWORDS];
-    uint32_t* aaa = 0;
-    int i;
-
-    // Convert from big endian byte array to little endian word array.
-    for (i = 0; i < key->len; ++i) {
-        uint32_t tmp =
-            (inout[((key->len - 1 - i) * 4) + 0] << 24) |
-            (inout[((key->len - 1 - i) * 4) + 1] << 16) |
-            (inout[((key->len - 1 - i) * 4) + 2] << 8) |
-            (inout[((key->len - 1 - i) * 4) + 3] << 0);
-        a[i] = tmp;
-    }
-
-    if (key->exponent == 65537) {
-        aaa = aaR;  // Re-use location.
-        montMul(key, aR, a, key->rr);  // aR = a * RR / R mod M
-        for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 2) {
-            montMul(key, aaR, aR, aR);  // aaR = aR * aR / R mod M
-            montMul(key, aR, aaR, aaR);  // aR = aaR * aaR / R mod M
-        }
-        montMul(key, aaa, aR, a);  // aaa = aR * a / R mod M
-    } else if (key->exponent == 3) {
-        aaa = aR;  // Re-use location.
-        montMul(key, aR, a, key->rr);  /* aR = a * RR / R mod M   */
-        montMul(key, aaR, aR, aR);     /* aaR = aR * aR / R mod M */
-        montMul(key, aaa, aaR, a);     /* aaa = aaR * a / R mod M */
-    }
-
-    // Make sure aaa < mod; aaa is at most 1x mod too large.
-    if (geM(key, aaa)) {
-        subM(key, aaa);
-    }
-
-    // Convert to bigendian byte array
-    for (i = key->len - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
-        uint32_t tmp = aaa[i];
-        *inout++ = tmp >> 24;
-        *inout++ = tmp >> 16;
-        *inout++ = tmp >> 8;
-        *inout++ = tmp >> 0;
-    }
-}
-
-// Expected PKCS1.5 signature padding bytes, for a keytool RSA signature.
-// Has the 0-length optional parameter encoded in the ASN1 (as opposed to the
-// other flavor which omits the optional parameter entirely). This code does not
-// accept signatures without the optional parameter.
-
-/*
-static const uint8_t sha_padding[RSANUMBYTES] = {
-    0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x30, 0x21, 0x30,
-    0x09, 0x06, 0x05, 0x2b, 0x0e, 0x03, 0x02, 0x1a,
-    0x05, 0x00, 0x04, 0x14,
-
-    // 20 bytes of hash go here.
-    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
-};
-*/
-
-// SHA-1 of PKCS1.5 signature sha_padding for 2048 bit, as above.
-// At the location of the bytes of the hash all 00 are hashed.
-static const uint8_t kExpectedPadShaRsa2048[SHA_DIGEST_SIZE] = {
-    0xdc, 0xbd, 0xbe, 0x42, 0xd5, 0xf5, 0xa7, 0x2e,
-    0x6e, 0xfc, 0xf5, 0x5d, 0xaf, 0x9d, 0xea, 0x68,
-    0x7c, 0xfb, 0xf1, 0x67
-};
-
-/*
-static const uint8_t sha256_padding[RSANUMBYTES] = {
-    0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
-    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x30, 0x31, 0x30,
-    0x0d, 0x06, 0x09, 0x60, 0x86, 0x48, 0x01, 0x65,
-    0x03, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00, 0x04, 0x20,
-
-    // 32 bytes of hash go here.
-    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
-    0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
-};
-*/
-
-// SHA-256 of PKCS1.5 signature sha256_padding for 2048 bit, as above.
-// At the location of the bytes of the hash all 00 are hashed.
-static const uint8_t kExpectedPadSha256Rsa2048[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE] = {
-    0xab, 0x28, 0x8d, 0x8a, 0xd7, 0xd9, 0x59, 0x92,
-    0xba, 0xcc, 0xf8, 0x67, 0x20, 0xe1, 0x15, 0x2e,
-    0x39, 0x8d, 0x80, 0x36, 0xd6, 0x6f, 0xf0, 0xfd,
-    0x90, 0xe8, 0x7d, 0x8b, 0xe1, 0x7c, 0x87, 0x59,
-};
-
-// Verify a 2048-bit RSA PKCS1.5 signature against an expected hash.
-// Both e=3 and e=65537 are supported.  hash_len may be
-// SHA_DIGEST_SIZE (== 20) to indicate a SHA-1 hash, or
-// SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE (== 32) to indicate a SHA-256 hash.  No other
-// values are supported.
-//
-// Returns 1 on successful verification, 0 on failure.
-int RSA_verify(const RSAPublicKey *key,
-               const uint8_t *signature,
-               const int len,
-               const uint8_t *hash,
-               const int hash_len) {
-    uint8_t buf[RSANUMBYTES];
-    int i;
-    const uint8_t* padding_hash;
-
-    if (key->len != RSANUMWORDS) {
-        return 0;  // Wrong key passed in.
-    }
-
-    if (len != sizeof(buf)) {
-        return 0;  // Wrong input length.
-    }
-
-    if (hash_len != SHA_DIGEST_SIZE &&
-        hash_len != SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE) {
-        return 0;  // Unsupported hash.
-    }
-
-    if (key->exponent != 3 && key->exponent != 65537) {
-        return 0;  // Unsupported exponent.
-    }
-
-    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {  // Copy input to local workspace.
-        buf[i] = signature[i];
-    }
-
-    modpow(key, buf);  // In-place exponentiation.
-
-    // Xor sha portion, so it all becomes 00 iff equal.
-    for (i = len - hash_len; i < len; ++i) {
-        buf[i] ^= *hash++;
-    }
-
-    // Hash resulting buf, in-place.
-    switch (hash_len) {
-        case SHA_DIGEST_SIZE:
-            padding_hash = kExpectedPadShaRsa2048;
-            SHA_hash(buf, len, buf);
-            break;
-        case SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE:
-            padding_hash = kExpectedPadSha256Rsa2048;
-            SHA256_hash(buf, len, buf);
-            break;
-        default:
-            return 0;
-    }
-
-    // Compare against expected hash value.
-    for (i = 0; i < hash_len; ++i) {
-        if (buf[i] != padding_hash[i]) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return 1;  // All checked out OK.
-}
diff --git a/libmincrypt/sha.c b/libmincrypt/sha.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 5bef32e..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/sha.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,155 +0,0 @@
-/* sha.c
-**
-** Copyright 2013, The Android Open Source Project
-**
-** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-**     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-**     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-**       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-**     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
-**       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-**       without specific prior written permission.
-**
-** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
-** IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
-** MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
-** EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
-** PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
-** OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
-** WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
-** OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
-** ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-*/
-
-// Optimized for minimal code size.
-
-#include "mincrypt/sha.h"
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-#define rol(bits, value) (((value) << (bits)) | ((value) >> (32 - (bits))))
-
-static void SHA1_Transform(SHA_CTX* ctx) {
-    uint32_t W[80];
-    uint32_t A, B, C, D, E;
-    uint8_t* p = ctx->buf;
-    int t;
-
-    for(t = 0; t < 16; ++t) {
-        uint32_t tmp =  *p++ << 24;
-        tmp |= *p++ << 16;
-        tmp |= *p++ << 8;
-        tmp |= *p++;
-        W[t] = tmp;
-    }
-
-    for(; t < 80; t++) {
-        W[t] = rol(1,W[t-3] ^ W[t-8] ^ W[t-14] ^ W[t-16]);
-    }
-
-    A = ctx->state[0];
-    B = ctx->state[1];
-    C = ctx->state[2];
-    D = ctx->state[3];
-    E = ctx->state[4];
-
-    for(t = 0; t < 80; t++) {
-        uint32_t tmp = rol(5,A) + E + W[t];
-
-        if (t < 20)
-            tmp += (D^(B&(C^D))) + 0x5A827999;
-        else if ( t < 40)
-            tmp += (B^C^D) + 0x6ED9EBA1;
-        else if ( t < 60)
-            tmp += ((B&C)|(D&(B|C))) + 0x8F1BBCDC;
-        else
-            tmp += (B^C^D) + 0xCA62C1D6;
-
-        E = D;
-        D = C;
-        C = rol(30,B);
-        B = A;
-        A = tmp;
-    }
-
-    ctx->state[0] += A;
-    ctx->state[1] += B;
-    ctx->state[2] += C;
-    ctx->state[3] += D;
-    ctx->state[4] += E;
-}
-
-static const HASH_VTAB SHA_VTAB = {
-    SHA_init,
-    SHA_update,
-    SHA_final,
-    SHA_hash,
-    SHA_DIGEST_SIZE
-};
-
-void SHA_init(SHA_CTX* ctx) {
-    ctx->f = &SHA_VTAB;
-    ctx->state[0] = 0x67452301;
-    ctx->state[1] = 0xEFCDAB89;
-    ctx->state[2] = 0x98BADCFE;
-    ctx->state[3] = 0x10325476;
-    ctx->state[4] = 0xC3D2E1F0;
-    ctx->count = 0;
-}
-
-
-void SHA_update(SHA_CTX* ctx, const void* data, int len) {
-    int i = (int) (ctx->count & 63);
-    const uint8_t* p = (const uint8_t*)data;
-
-    ctx->count += len;
-
-    while (len--) {
-        ctx->buf[i++] = *p++;
-        if (i == 64) {
-            SHA1_Transform(ctx);
-            i = 0;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-
-const uint8_t* SHA_final(SHA_CTX* ctx) {
-    uint8_t *p = ctx->buf;
-    uint64_t cnt = ctx->count * 8;
-    int i;
-
-    SHA_update(ctx, (uint8_t*)"\x80", 1);
-    while ((ctx->count & 63) != 56) {
-        SHA_update(ctx, (uint8_t*)"\0", 1);
-    }
-    for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
-        uint8_t tmp = (uint8_t) (cnt >> ((7 - i) * 8));
-        SHA_update(ctx, &tmp, 1);
-    }
-
-    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
-        uint32_t tmp = ctx->state[i];
-        *p++ = tmp >> 24;
-        *p++ = tmp >> 16;
-        *p++ = tmp >> 8;
-        *p++ = tmp >> 0;
-    }
-
-    return ctx->buf;
-}
-
-/* Convenience function */
-const uint8_t* SHA_hash(const void* data, int len, uint8_t* digest) {
-    SHA_CTX ctx;
-    SHA_init(&ctx);
-    SHA_update(&ctx, data, len);
-    memcpy(digest, SHA_final(&ctx), SHA_DIGEST_SIZE);
-    return digest;
-}
diff --git a/libmincrypt/sha256.c b/libmincrypt/sha256.c
deleted file mode 100644
index eb6e308..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/sha256.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,184 +0,0 @@
-/* sha256.c
-**
-** Copyright 2013, The Android Open Source Project
-**
-** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-**     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-**     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-**       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-**     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
-**       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-**       without specific prior written permission.
-**
-** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
-** IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
-** MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
-** EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
-** PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
-** OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
-** WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
-** OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
-** ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-*/
-
-// Optimized for minimal code size.
-
-#include "mincrypt/sha256.h"
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-#define ror(value, bits) (((value) >> (bits)) | ((value) << (32 - (bits))))
-#define shr(value, bits) ((value) >> (bits))
-
-static const uint32_t K[64] = {
-    0x428a2f98, 0x71374491, 0xb5c0fbcf, 0xe9b5dba5,
-    0x3956c25b, 0x59f111f1, 0x923f82a4, 0xab1c5ed5,
-    0xd807aa98, 0x12835b01, 0x243185be, 0x550c7dc3,
-    0x72be5d74, 0x80deb1fe, 0x9bdc06a7, 0xc19bf174,
-    0xe49b69c1, 0xefbe4786, 0x0fc19dc6, 0x240ca1cc,
-    0x2de92c6f, 0x4a7484aa, 0x5cb0a9dc, 0x76f988da,
-    0x983e5152, 0xa831c66d, 0xb00327c8, 0xbf597fc7,
-    0xc6e00bf3, 0xd5a79147, 0x06ca6351, 0x14292967,
-    0x27b70a85, 0x2e1b2138, 0x4d2c6dfc, 0x53380d13,
-    0x650a7354, 0x766a0abb, 0x81c2c92e, 0x92722c85,
-    0xa2bfe8a1, 0xa81a664b, 0xc24b8b70, 0xc76c51a3,
-    0xd192e819, 0xd6990624, 0xf40e3585, 0x106aa070,
-    0x19a4c116, 0x1e376c08, 0x2748774c, 0x34b0bcb5,
-    0x391c0cb3, 0x4ed8aa4a, 0x5b9cca4f, 0x682e6ff3,
-    0x748f82ee, 0x78a5636f, 0x84c87814, 0x8cc70208,
-    0x90befffa, 0xa4506ceb, 0xbef9a3f7, 0xc67178f2 };
-
-static void SHA256_Transform(SHA256_CTX* ctx) {
-    uint32_t W[64];
-    uint32_t A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H;
-    uint8_t* p = ctx->buf;
-    int t;
-
-    for(t = 0; t < 16; ++t) {
-        uint32_t tmp =  *p++ << 24;
-        tmp |= *p++ << 16;
-        tmp |= *p++ << 8;
-        tmp |= *p++;
-        W[t] = tmp;
-    }
-
-    for(; t < 64; t++) {
-        uint32_t s0 = ror(W[t-15], 7) ^ ror(W[t-15], 18) ^ shr(W[t-15], 3);
-        uint32_t s1 = ror(W[t-2], 17) ^ ror(W[t-2], 19) ^ shr(W[t-2], 10);
-        W[t] = W[t-16] + s0 + W[t-7] + s1;
-    }
-
-    A = ctx->state[0];
-    B = ctx->state[1];
-    C = ctx->state[2];
-    D = ctx->state[3];
-    E = ctx->state[4];
-    F = ctx->state[5];
-    G = ctx->state[6];
-    H = ctx->state[7];
-
-    for(t = 0; t < 64; t++) {
-        uint32_t s0 = ror(A, 2) ^ ror(A, 13) ^ ror(A, 22);
-        uint32_t maj = (A & B) ^ (A & C) ^ (B & C);
-        uint32_t t2 = s0 + maj;
-        uint32_t s1 = ror(E, 6) ^ ror(E, 11) ^ ror(E, 25);
-        uint32_t ch = (E & F) ^ ((~E) & G);
-        uint32_t t1 = H + s1 + ch + K[t] + W[t];
-
-        H = G;
-        G = F;
-        F = E;
-        E = D + t1;
-        D = C;
-        C = B;
-        B = A;
-        A = t1 + t2;
-    }
-
-    ctx->state[0] += A;
-    ctx->state[1] += B;
-    ctx->state[2] += C;
-    ctx->state[3] += D;
-    ctx->state[4] += E;
-    ctx->state[5] += F;
-    ctx->state[6] += G;
-    ctx->state[7] += H;
-}
-
-static const HASH_VTAB SHA256_VTAB = {
-    SHA256_init,
-    SHA256_update,
-    SHA256_final,
-    SHA256_hash,
-    SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE
-};
-
-void SHA256_init(SHA256_CTX* ctx) {
-    ctx->f = &SHA256_VTAB;
-    ctx->state[0] = 0x6a09e667;
-    ctx->state[1] = 0xbb67ae85;
-    ctx->state[2] = 0x3c6ef372;
-    ctx->state[3] = 0xa54ff53a;
-    ctx->state[4] = 0x510e527f;
-    ctx->state[5] = 0x9b05688c;
-    ctx->state[6] = 0x1f83d9ab;
-    ctx->state[7] = 0x5be0cd19;
-    ctx->count = 0;
-}
-
-
-void SHA256_update(SHA256_CTX* ctx, const void* data, int len) {
-    int i = (int) (ctx->count & 63);
-    const uint8_t* p = (const uint8_t*)data;
-
-    ctx->count += len;
-
-    while (len--) {
-        ctx->buf[i++] = *p++;
-        if (i == 64) {
-            SHA256_Transform(ctx);
-            i = 0;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-
-const uint8_t* SHA256_final(SHA256_CTX* ctx) {
-    uint8_t *p = ctx->buf;
-    uint64_t cnt = ctx->count * 8;
-    int i;
-
-    SHA256_update(ctx, (uint8_t*)"\x80", 1);
-    while ((ctx->count & 63) != 56) {
-        SHA256_update(ctx, (uint8_t*)"\0", 1);
-    }
-    for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
-        uint8_t tmp = (uint8_t) (cnt >> ((7 - i) * 8));
-        SHA256_update(ctx, &tmp, 1);
-    }
-
-    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
-        uint32_t tmp = ctx->state[i];
-        *p++ = tmp >> 24;
-        *p++ = tmp >> 16;
-        *p++ = tmp >> 8;
-        *p++ = tmp >> 0;
-    }
-
-    return ctx->buf;
-}
-
-/* Convenience function */
-const uint8_t* SHA256_hash(const void* data, int len, uint8_t* digest) {
-    SHA256_CTX ctx;
-    SHA256_init(&ctx);
-    SHA256_update(&ctx, data, len);
-    memcpy(digest, SHA256_final(&ctx), SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE);
-    return digest;
-}
diff --git a/libmincrypt/test/Android.mk b/libmincrypt/test/Android.mk
deleted file mode 100644
index 73ff7d0..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/test/Android.mk
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2013 The Android Open Source Project
-
-LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := rsa_test
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := rsa_test.c
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libmincrypt
-include $(BUILD_HOST_NATIVE_TEST)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := ecdsa_test
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := ecdsa_test.c
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libmincrypt
-include $(BUILD_HOST_NATIVE_TEST)
diff --git a/libmincrypt/test/ecdsa_test.c b/libmincrypt/test/ecdsa_test.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 24ec013..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/test/ecdsa_test.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,284 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2013 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
- *       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- *       without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
- * EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
- * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <sys/cdefs.h>
-
-#include "mincrypt/dsa_sig.h"
-#include "mincrypt/p256.h"
-#include "mincrypt/p256_ecdsa.h"
-#include "mincrypt/sha256.h"
-
-#ifndef __unused
-#define __unused __attribute__((__unused__))
-#endif
-
-/**
- * Messages signed using:
- *
------BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----
-MHcCAQEEIDw6UiziVMbjlfSpOAIpA2tcL+v1OlznZLnpadO8BGi1oAoGCCqGSM49
-AwEHoUQDQgAEZw7VAOjAXYRFuhZWYBgjahdOvkwcAnjGkxQWytZW+iS1hI3ZGE24
-6XmNka9IGxAgj2n/ip+MuZJMFoJ9DRea3g==
------END EC PRIVATE KEY-----
- */
-
-p256_int key_x = {
-    .a = {0xd656fa24u, 0x931416cau, 0x1c0278c6u, 0x174ebe4cu,
-          0x6018236au, 0x45ba1656u, 0xe8c05d84u, 0x670ed500u}
-};
-p256_int key_y = {
-    .a = {0x0d179adeu, 0x4c16827du, 0x9f8cb992u, 0x8f69ff8au,
-          0x481b1020u, 0x798d91afu, 0x184db8e9u, 0xb5848dd9u}
-};
-
-char* message_1 =
-    "f4 5d 55 f3 55 51 e9 75 d6 a8 dc 7e a9 f4 88 59"
-    "39 40 cc 75 69 4a 27 8f 27 e5 78 a1 63 d8 39 b3"
-    "40 40 84 18 08 cf 9c 58 c9 b8 72 8b f5 f9 ce 8e"
-    "e8 11 ea 91 71 4f 47 ba b9 2d 0f 6d 5a 26 fc fe"
-    "ea 6c d9 3b 91 0c 0a 2c 96 3e 64 eb 18 23 f1 02"
-    "75 3d 41 f0 33 59 10 ad 3a 97 71 04 f1 aa f6 c3"
-    "74 27 16 a9 75 5d 11 b8 ee d6 90 47 7f 44 5c 5d"
-    "27 20 8b 2e 28 43 30 fa 3d 30 14 23 fa 7f 2d 08"
-    "6e 0a d0 b8 92 b9 db 54 4e 45 6d 3f 0d ab 85 d9"
-    "53 c1 2d 34 0a a8 73 ed a7 27 c8 a6 49 db 7f a6"
-    "37 40 e2 5e 9a f1 53 3b 30 7e 61 32 99 93 11 0e"
-    "95 19 4e 03 93 99 c3 82 4d 24 c5 1f 22 b2 6b de"
-    "10 24 cd 39 59 58 a2 df eb 48 16 a6 e8 ad ed b5"
-    "0b 1f 6b 56 d0 b3 06 0f f0 f1 c4 cb 0d 0e 00 1d"
-    "d5 9d 73 be 12";
-
-char* signature_1 =
-    "30 44 02 20 43 18 fc eb 3b a8 3a a8 a3 cf 41 b7"
-    "81 4a f9 01 e1 8b 6e 95 c1 3a 83 25 9e a5 2e 66"
-    "7c 98 25 d9 02 20 54 f3 7f 5a e9 36 9c a2 f0 51"
-    "e0 6e 78 48 60 a3 f9 8a d5 2c 37 5a 0a 29 c9 f7"
-    "ea 57 7e 88 46 12";
-
-// Same as signature 1, but with leading zeroes.
-char* message_2 =
-    "f4 5d 55 f3 55 51 e9 75 d6 a8 dc 7e a9 f4 88 59"
-    "39 40 cc 75 69 4a 27 8f 27 e5 78 a1 63 d8 39 b3"
-    "40 40 84 18 08 cf 9c 58 c9 b8 72 8b f5 f9 ce 8e"
-    "e8 11 ea 91 71 4f 47 ba b9 2d 0f 6d 5a 26 fc fe"
-    "ea 6c d9 3b 91 0c 0a 2c 96 3e 64 eb 18 23 f1 02"
-    "75 3d 41 f0 33 59 10 ad 3a 97 71 04 f1 aa f6 c3"
-    "74 27 16 a9 75 5d 11 b8 ee d6 90 47 7f 44 5c 5d"
-    "27 20 8b 2e 28 43 30 fa 3d 30 14 23 fa 7f 2d 08"
-    "6e 0a d0 b8 92 b9 db 54 4e 45 6d 3f 0d ab 85 d9"
-    "53 c1 2d 34 0a a8 73 ed a7 27 c8 a6 49 db 7f a6"
-    "37 40 e2 5e 9a f1 53 3b 30 7e 61 32 99 93 11 0e"
-    "95 19 4e 03 93 99 c3 82 4d 24 c5 1f 22 b2 6b de"
-    "10 24 cd 39 59 58 a2 df eb 48 16 a6 e8 ad ed b5"
-    "0b 1f 6b 56 d0 b3 06 0f f0 f1 c4 cb 0d 0e 00 1d"
-    "d5 9d 73 be 12";
-
-char* signature_2 =
-    "30 46 02 21 00 43 18 fc eb 3b a8 3a a8 a3 cf 41 b7"
-    "81 4a f9 01 e1 8b 6e 95 c1 3a 83 25 9e a5 2e 66"
-    "7c 98 25 d9 02 21 00 54 f3 7f 5a e9 36 9c a2 f0 51"
-    "e0 6e 78 48 60 a3 f9 8a d5 2c 37 5a 0a 29 c9 f7"
-    "ea 57 7e 88 46 12";
-
-// Excessive zeroes on the signature
-char* message_3 =
-    "f4 5d 55 f3 55 51 e9 75 d6 a8 dc 7e a9 f4 88 59"
-    "39 40 cc 75 69 4a 27 8f 27 e5 78 a1 63 d8 39 b3"
-    "40 40 84 18 08 cf 9c 58 c9 b8 72 8b f5 f9 ce 8e"
-    "e8 11 ea 91 71 4f 47 ba b9 2d 0f 6d 5a 26 fc fe"
-    "ea 6c d9 3b 91 0c 0a 2c 96 3e 64 eb 18 23 f1 02"
-    "75 3d 41 f0 33 59 10 ad 3a 97 71 04 f1 aa f6 c3"
-    "74 27 16 a9 75 5d 11 b8 ee d6 90 47 7f 44 5c 5d"
-    "27 20 8b 2e 28 43 30 fa 3d 30 14 23 fa 7f 2d 08"
-    "6e 0a d0 b8 92 b9 db 54 4e 45 6d 3f 0d ab 85 d9"
-    "53 c1 2d 34 0a a8 73 ed a7 27 c8 a6 49 db 7f a6"
-    "37 40 e2 5e 9a f1 53 3b 30 7e 61 32 99 93 11 0e"
-    "95 19 4e 03 93 99 c3 82 4d 24 c5 1f 22 b2 6b de"
-    "10 24 cd 39 59 58 a2 df eb 48 16 a6 e8 ad ed b5"
-    "0b 1f 6b 56 d0 b3 06 0f f0 f1 c4 cb 0d 0e 00 1d"
-    "d5 9d 73 be 12";
-
-char* signature_3 =
-    "30 4c 02 24 00 00 00 00 43 18 fc eb 3b a8 3a a8 a3 cf 41 b7"
-    "81 4a f9 01 e1 8b 6e 95 c1 3a 83 25 9e a5 2e 66"
-    "7c 98 25 d9 02 24 00 00 00 00 54 f3 7f 5a e9 36 9c a2 f0 51"
-    "e0 6e 78 48 60 a3 f9 8a d5 2c 37 5a 0a 29 c9 f7"
-    "ea 57 7e 88 46 12";
-
-
-char* good_dsa_signature_1 =
-    "30 0D 02 01 01 02 08 00 A5 55 5A 01 FF A5 01";
-p256_int good_dsa_signature_1_r = {
-    .a = {0x00000001U, 0x00000000U, 0x00000000U, 0x00000000U,
-          0x00000000U, 0x00000000U, 0x00000000U, 0x00000000U}
-};
-p256_int good_dsa_signature_1_s = {
-    .a = {0x01FFA501U, 0x00A5555AU, 0x00000000U, 0x00000000U,
-          0x00000000U, 0x00000000U, 0x00000000U, 0x00000000U}
-};
-
-
-char* bad_dsa_signature_1 =
-     "a0 06 02 01 01 02 01 01";
-
-char* bad_dsa_signature_2 =
-     "30 07 02 01 01 02 01 01";
-
-char* bad_dsa_signature_3 =
-     "30 06 82 01 01 02 01 01";
-
-char* bad_dsa_signature_4 =
-     "30 06 02 00 01 02 01 01";
-
-char* bad_dsa_signature_5 =
-     "30 06 02 01 01 82 01 01";
-
-char* bad_dsa_signature_6 =
-     "30 05 02 01 01 02 00";
-
-char* bad_dsa_signature_7 =
-     "30 06 02 01 01 02 00 01";
-
-unsigned char* parsehex(char* str, int* len) {
-    // result can't be longer than input
-    unsigned char* result = malloc(strlen(str));
-
-    unsigned char* p = result;
-    *len = 0;
-
-    while (*str) {
-        int b;
-
-        while (isspace(*str)) str++;
-
-        switch (*str) {
-            case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
-            case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
-                b = (*str - '0') << 4; break;
-            case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e': case 'f':
-                b = (*str - 'a' + 10) << 4; break;
-            case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F':
-                b = (*str - 'A' + 10) << 4; break;
-            case '\0':
-                return result;
-            default:
-                return NULL;
-        }
-        str++;
-
-        while (isspace(*str)) str++;
-
-        switch (*str) {
-            case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
-            case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
-                b |= *str - '0'; break;
-            case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e': case 'f':
-                b |= *str - 'a' + 10; break;
-            case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F':
-                b |= *str - 'A' + 10; break;
-            default:
-                return NULL;
-        }
-        str++;
-
-        *p++ = b;
-        ++*len;
-    }
-
-    return result;
-}
-
-int main(int arg __unused, char** argv __unused) {
-
-    unsigned char hash_buf[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE];
-
-    unsigned char* message;
-    int mlen;
-    unsigned char* signature;
-    int slen;
-
-    p256_int hash;
-    p256_int r;
-    p256_int s;
-
-    int success = 1;
-
-#define CHECK_DSA_SIG(sig, good) do {\
-    message = parsehex(sig, &mlen); \
-    int result = dsa_sig_unpack(message, mlen, &r, &s); \
-    printf(#sig ": %s\n", result ? "good" : "bad"); \
-    success = success && !(good ^ result); \
-    free(message); \
-    } while(0)
-#define CHECK_GOOD_DSA_SIG(n) do {\
-    CHECK_DSA_SIG(good_dsa_signature_##n, 1); \
-    int result = !memcmp(P256_DIGITS(&good_dsa_signature_##n##_r), P256_DIGITS(&r), \
-                         P256_NBYTES); \
-    success = success && result; \
-    printf("    R value %s\n", result ? "good" : "bad"); \
-    result = !memcmp(P256_DIGITS(&good_dsa_signature_##n##_s), P256_DIGITS(&s), \
-                    P256_NBYTES); \
-    success = success && result; \
-    printf("    S value %s\n", result ? "good" : "bad"); \
-    } while (0)
-#define CHECK_BAD_DSA_SIG(n) \
-    CHECK_DSA_SIG(bad_dsa_signature_##n, 0)
-
-    CHECK_GOOD_DSA_SIG(1);
-
-    CHECK_BAD_DSA_SIG(1);
-    CHECK_BAD_DSA_SIG(2);
-    CHECK_BAD_DSA_SIG(3);
-    CHECK_BAD_DSA_SIG(4);
-    CHECK_BAD_DSA_SIG(5);
-    CHECK_BAD_DSA_SIG(6);
-    CHECK_BAD_DSA_SIG(7);
-
-
-#define TEST_MESSAGE(n) do {\
-    message = parsehex(message_##n, &mlen); \
-    SHA256_hash(message, mlen, hash_buf); \
-    p256_from_bin(hash_buf, &hash); \
-    signature = parsehex(signature_##n, &slen); \
-    int result = dsa_sig_unpack(signature, slen, &r, &s); \
-    if (result) { result = p256_ecdsa_verify(&key_x, &key_y, &hash, &r, &s); } \
-    printf("message %d: %s\n", n, result ? "verified" : "not verified"); \
-    success = success && result; \
-    free(signature); \
-    } while(0)
-
-    TEST_MESSAGE(1);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(2);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(3);
-
-    printf("\n%s\n\n", success ? "PASS" : "FAIL");
-
-    return !success;
-}
diff --git a/libmincrypt/test/rsa_test.c b/libmincrypt/test/rsa_test.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 055138f..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/test/rsa_test.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,842 +0,0 @@
-/*
-** Copyright 2013, The Android Open Source Project
-**
-** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-**     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-**     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-**       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-**       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-**     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may
-**       be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-**       without specific prior written permission.
-**
-** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Google Inc. ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
-** IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
-** MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
-** EVENT SHALL Google Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
-** PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
-** OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
-** WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
-** OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
-** ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-*/
-
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <sys/cdefs.h>
-
-#include "mincrypt/rsa.h"
-#include "mincrypt/sha.h"
-
-#ifndef __unused
-#define __unused __attribute__((unused))
-#endif
-
-// RSA test data taken from:
-//
-//   ftp://ftp.rsa.com/pub/rsalabs/tmp/pkcs1v15sign-vectors.txt
-
-// This is the result (reformatted) of running DumpPublicKey on:
-//
-//   # Example 15: A 2048-bit RSA key pair
-//   # -----------------------------------
-//
-//
-//   # Public key
-//   # ----------
-//
-//   # Modulus:
-//   df 27 1f d2 5f 86 44 49 6b 0c 81 be 4b d5 02 97
-//   ef 09 9b 00 2a 6f d6 77 27 eb 44 9c ea 56 6e d6
-//   a3 98 1a 71 31 2a 14 1c ab c9 81 5c 12 09 e3 20
-//   a2 5b 32 46 4e 99 99 f1 8c a1 3a 9f d3 89 25 58
-//   f9 e0 ad ef dd 36 50 dd 23 a3 f0 36 d6 0f e3 98
-//   84 37 06 a4 0b 0b 84 62 c8 be e3 bc e1 2f 1f 28
-//   60 c2 44 4c dc 6a 44 47 6a 75 ff 4a a2 42 73 cc
-//   be 3b f8 02 48 46 5f 8f f8 c3 a7 f3 36 7d fc 0d
-//   f5 b6 50 9a 4f 82 81 1c ed d8 1c da aa 73 c4 91
-//   da 41 21 70 d5 44 d4 ba 96 b9 7f 0a fc 80 65 49
-//   8d 3a 49 fd 91 09 92 a1 f0 72 5b e2 4f 46 5c fe
-//   7e 0e ab f6 78 99 6c 50 bc 5e 75 24 ab f7 3f 15
-//   e5 be f7 d5 18 39 4e 31 38 ce 49 44 50 6a aa af
-//   3f 9b 23 6d ca b8 fc 00 f8 7a f5 96 fd c3 d9 d6
-//   c7 5c d5 08 36 2f ae 2c be dd cc 4c 74 50 b1 7b
-//   77 6c 07 9e cc a1 f2 56 35 1a 43 b9 7d be 21 53
-//
-//   # Exponent:
-//   01 00 01
-
-RSAPublicKey key_15 = {
-    .len = 64,
-    .n0inv = 0xf0053525,
-    .n = {2109612371u,890913721u,3433165398u,2003568542u,
-          1951445371u,3202206796u,909094444u,3344749832u,
-          4257470934u,4168807830u,3401120768u,1067131757u,
-          1349167791u,953043268u,406408753u,3854497749u,
-          2885107477u,3160306980u,2023320656u,2114890742u,
-          1330011390u,4034026466u,2433323681u,2369407485u,
-          4236272969u,2528739082u,3578057914u,3661701488u,
-          2859713681u,3990363354u,1333952796u,4122366106u,
-          914226189u,4173572083u,1212571535u,3191601154u,
-          2722264012u,1786117962u,3697951815u,1623344204u,
-          3777961768u,3367953340u,185304162u,2218198692u,
-          3591365528u,597946422u,3711324381u,4192251375u,
-          3548980568u,2359376543u,1318689265u,2723885638u,
-          302637856u,2882109788u,824841244u,2744654449u,
-          3931533014u,669729948u,711972471u,4010384128u,
-          1272251031u,1795981758u,1602634825u,3743883218u},
-    .rr = {820482522u,2494434288u,1082168230u,731376296u,
-           1306039452u,3139792975u,2575869288u,3874938710u,
-           3198185181u,153506080u,1236489694u,1061859740u,
-           1174461268u,115279508u,1782749185u,238124145u,
-           3587596076u,2259236093u,1112265915u,4048059865u,
-           3890381098u,999426242u,794481771u,3804065613u,
-           2786019148u,461403875u,3072256692u,4079652654u,
-           3056719901u,1871565394u,212974856u,3359008174u,
-           1397773937u,3796256698u,914342841u,1097174457u,
-           3322220191u,3170814748u,2439215020u,618719336u,
-           3629353460u,496817177u,317052742u,380264245u,
-           1976007217u,2697736152u,312540864u,4291855337u,
-           697006561u,4234182488u,3904590917u,2609582216u,
-           451424084u,1805773827u,776344974u,1064489733u,
-           2633377036u,1954826648u,3202815814u,2240368662u,
-           2618582484u,2211196815u,4107362845u,3640258615u},
-    .exponent = 65537,
-};
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.1
-
-char* message_1 =
-    "f4 5d 55 f3 55 51 e9 75 d6 a8 dc 7e a9 f4 88 59"
-    "39 40 cc 75 69 4a 27 8f 27 e5 78 a1 63 d8 39 b3"
-    "40 40 84 18 08 cf 9c 58 c9 b8 72 8b f5 f9 ce 8e"
-    "e8 11 ea 91 71 4f 47 ba b9 2d 0f 6d 5a 26 fc fe"
-    "ea 6c d9 3b 91 0c 0a 2c 96 3e 64 eb 18 23 f1 02"
-    "75 3d 41 f0 33 59 10 ad 3a 97 71 04 f1 aa f6 c3"
-    "74 27 16 a9 75 5d 11 b8 ee d6 90 47 7f 44 5c 5d"
-    "27 20 8b 2e 28 43 30 fa 3d 30 14 23 fa 7f 2d 08"
-    "6e 0a d0 b8 92 b9 db 54 4e 45 6d 3f 0d ab 85 d9"
-    "53 c1 2d 34 0a a8 73 ed a7 27 c8 a6 49 db 7f a6"
-    "37 40 e2 5e 9a f1 53 3b 30 7e 61 32 99 93 11 0e"
-    "95 19 4e 03 93 99 c3 82 4d 24 c5 1f 22 b2 6b de"
-    "10 24 cd 39 59 58 a2 df eb 48 16 a6 e8 ad ed b5"
-    "0b 1f 6b 56 d0 b3 06 0f f0 f1 c4 cb 0d 0e 00 1d"
-    "d5 9d 73 be 12";
-
-char* signature_1 =
-    "b7 5a 54 66 b6 5d 0f 30 0e f5 38 33 f2 17 5c 8a"
-    "34 7a 38 04 fc 63 45 1d c9 02 f0 b7 1f 90 83 45"
-    "9e d3 7a 51 79 a3 b7 23 a5 3f 10 51 64 2d 77 37"
-    "4c 4c 6c 8d bb 1c a2 05 25 f5 c9 f3 2d b7 76 95"
-    "35 56 da 31 29 0e 22 19 74 82 ce b6 99 06 c4 6a"
-    "75 8f b0 e7 40 9b a8 01 07 7d 2a 0a 20 ea e7 d1"
-    "d6 d3 92 ab 49 57 e8 6b 76 f0 65 2d 68 b8 39 88"
-    "a7 8f 26 e1 11 72 ea 60 9b f8 49 fb bd 78 ad 7e"
-    "dc e2 1d e6 62 a0 81 36 8c 04 06 07 ce e2 9d b0"
-    "62 72 27 f4 49 63 ad 17 1d 22 93 b6 33 a3 92 e3"
-    "31 dc a5 4f e3 08 27 52 f4 3f 63 c1 61 b4 47 a4"
-    "c6 5a 68 75 67 0d 5f 66 00 fc c8 60 a1 ca eb 0a"
-    "88 f8 fd ec 4e 56 43 98 a5 c4 6c 87 f6 8c e0 70"
-    "01 f6 21 3a be 0a b5 62 5f 87 d1 90 25 f0 8d 81"
-    "da c7 bd 45 86 bc 93 82 19 1f 6d 28 80 f6 22 7e"
-    "5d f3 ee d2 1e 77 92 d2 49 48 04 87 f3 65 52 61";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.2
-
-char *message_2 =
-    "c1 4b 4c 60 75 b2 f9 aa d6 61 de f4 ec fd 3c b9 "
-    "33 c6 23 f4 e6 3b f5 34 10 d2 f0 16 d1 ab 98 e2 "
-    "72 9e cc f8 00 6c d8 e0 80 50 73 7d 95 fd bf 29 "
-    "6b 66 f5 b9 79 2a 90 29 36 c4 f7 ac 69 f5 14 53 "
-    "ce 43 69 45 2d c2 2d 96 f0 37 74 81 14 66 20 00 "
-    "dd 9c d3 a5 e1 79 f4 e0 f8 1f a6 a0 31 1c a1 ae "
-    "e6 51 9a 0f 63 ce c7 8d 27 bb 72 63 93 fb 7f 1f "
-    "88 cd e7 c9 7f 8a 66 cd 66 30 12 81 da c3 f3 a4 "
-    "33 24 8c 75 d6 c2 dc d7 08 b6 a9 7b 0a 3f 32 5e "
-    "0b 29 64 f8 a5 81 9e 47 9b ";
-
-char* signature_2 =
-    "af a7 34 34 62 be a1 22 cc 14 9f ca 70 ab da e7"
-    "94 46 67 7d b5 37 36 66 af 7d c3 13 01 5f 4d e7"
-    "86 e6 e3 94 94 6f ad 3c c0 e2 b0 2b ed ba 50 47"
-    "fe 9e 2d 7d 09 97 05 e4 a3 9f 28 68 32 79 cf 0a"
-    "c8 5c 15 30 41 22 42 c0 e9 18 95 3b e0 00 e9 39"
-    "cf 3b f1 82 52 5e 19 93 70 fa 79 07 eb a6 9d 5d"
-    "b4 63 10 17 c0 e3 6d f7 03 79 b5 db 8d 4c 69 5a"
-    "97 9a 8e 61 73 22 40 65 d7 dc 15 13 2e f2 8c d8"
-    "22 79 51 63 06 3b 54 c6 51 14 1b e8 6d 36 e3 67"
-    "35 bc 61 f3 1f ca 57 4e 53 09 f3 a3 bb df 91 ef"
-    "f1 2b 99 e9 cc 17 44 f1 ee 9a 1b d2 2c 5b ad 96"
-    "ad 48 19 29 25 1f 03 43 fd 36 bc f0 ac de 7f 11"
-    "e5 ad 60 97 77 21 20 27 96 fe 06 1f 9a da 1f c4"
-    "c8 e0 0d 60 22 a8 35 75 85 ff e9 fd d5 93 31 a2"
-    "8c 4a a3 12 15 88 fb 6c f6 83 96 d8 ac 05 46 59"
-    "95 00 c9 70 85 00 a5 97 2b d5 4f 72 cf 8d b0 c8";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.3
-
-char* message_3 =
-    "d0 23 71 ad 7e e4 8b bf db 27 63 de 7a 84 3b 94 "
-    "08 ce 5e b5 ab f8 47 ca 3d 73 59 86 df 84 e9 06 "
-    "0b db cd d3 a5 5b a5 5d de 20 d4 76 1e 1a 21 d2 "
-    "25 c1 a1 86 f4 ac 4b 30 19 d3 ad f7 8f e6 33 46 "
-    "67 f5 6f 70 c9 01 a0 a2 70 0c 6f 0d 56 ad d7 19 "
-    "59 2d c8 8f 6d 23 06 c7 00 9f 6e 7a 63 5b 4c b3 "
-    "a5 02 df e6 8d dc 58 d0 3b e1 0a 11 70 00 4f e7 "
-    "4d d3 e4 6b 82 59 1f f7 54 14 f0 c4 a0 3e 60 5e "
-    "20 52 4f 24 16 f1 2e ca 58 9f 11 1b 75 d6 39 c6 "
-    "1b aa 80 ca fd 05 cf 35 00 24 4a 21 9e d9 ce d9 "
-    "f0 b1 02 97 18 2b 65 3b 52 6f 40 0f 29 53 ba 21 "
-    "4d 5b cd 47 88 41 32 87 2a e9 0d 4d 6b 1f 42 15 "
-    "39 f9 f3 46 62 a5 6d c0 e7 b4 b9 23 b6 23 1e 30 "
-    "d2 67 67 97 81 7f 7c 33 7b 5a c8 24 ba 93 14 3b "
-    "33 81 fa 3d ce 0e 6a eb d3 8e 67 73 51 87 b1 eb "
-    "d9 5c 02 ";
-
-char* signature_3 =
-    "3b ac 63 f8 6e 3b 70 27 12 03 10 6b 9c 79 aa bd"
-    "9f 47 7c 56 e4 ee 58 a4 fc e5 ba f2 ca b4 96 0f"
-    "88 39 1c 9c 23 69 8b e7 5c 99 ae df 9e 1a bf 17"
-    "05 be 1d ac 33 14 0a db 48 eb 31 f4 50 bb 9e fe"
-    "83 b7 b9 0d b7 f1 57 6d 33 f4 0c 1c ba 4b 8d 6b"
-    "1d 33 23 56 4b 0f 17 74 11 4f a7 c0 8e 6d 1e 20"
-    "dd 8f bb a9 b6 ac 7a d4 1e 26 b4 56 8f 4a 8a ac"
-    "bf d1 78 a8 f8 d2 c9 d5 f5 b8 81 12 93 5a 8b c9"
-    "ae 32 cd a4 0b 8d 20 37 55 10 73 50 96 53 68 18"
-    "ce 2b 2d b7 1a 97 72 c9 b0 dd a0 9a e1 01 52 fa"
-    "11 46 62 18 d0 91 b5 3d 92 54 30 61 b7 29 4a 55"
-    "be 82 ff 35 d5 c3 2f a2 33 f0 5a aa c7 58 50 30"
-    "7e cf 81 38 3c 11 16 74 39 7b 1a 1b 9d 3b f7 61"
-    "2c cb e5 ba cd 2b 38 f0 a9 83 97 b2 4c 83 65 8f"
-    "b6 c0 b4 14 0e f1 19 70 c4 63 0d 44 34 4e 76 ea"
-    "ed 74 dc be e8 11 db f6 57 59 41 f0 8a 65 23 b8";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.4
-
-char* message_4 =
-    "29 03 55 84 ab 7e 02 26 a9 ec 4b 02 e8 dc f1 27 "
-    "2d c9 a4 1d 73 e2 82 00 07 b0 f6 e2 1f ec cd 5b "
-    "d9 db b9 ef 88 cd 67 58 76 9e e1 f9 56 da 7a d1 "
-    "84 41 de 6f ab 83 86 db c6 93 ";
-
-char* signature_4 =
-    "28 d8 e3 fc d5 dd db 21 ff bd 8d f1 63 0d 73 77"
-    "aa 26 51 e1 4c ad 1c 0e 43 cc c5 2f 90 7f 94 6d"
-    "66 de 72 54 e2 7a 6c 19 0e b0 22 ee 89 ec f6 22"
-    "4b 09 7b 71 06 8c d6 07 28 a1 ae d6 4b 80 e5 45"
-    "7b d3 10 6d d9 17 06 c9 37 c9 79 5f 2b 36 36 7f"
-    "f1 53 dc 25 19 a8 db 9b df 2c 80 74 30 c4 51 de"
-    "17 bb cd 0c e7 82 b3 e8 f1 02 4d 90 62 4d ea 7f"
-    "1e ed c7 42 0b 7e 7c aa 65 77 ce f4 31 41 a7 26"
-    "42 06 58 0e 44 a1 67 df 5e 41 ee a0 e6 9a 80 54"
-    "54 c4 0e ef c1 3f 48 e4 23 d7 a3 2d 02 ed 42 c0"
-    "ab 03 d0 a7 cf 70 c5 86 0a c9 2e 03 ee 00 5b 60"
-    "ff 35 03 42 4b 98 cc 89 45 68 c7 c5 6a 02 33 55"
-    "1c eb e5 88 cf 8b 01 67 b7 df 13 ad ca d8 28 67"
-    "68 10 49 9c 70 4d a7 ae 23 41 4d 69 e3 c0 d2 db"
-    "5d cb c2 61 3b c1 20 42 1f 9e 36 53 c5 a8 76 72"
-    "97 64 3c 7e 07 40 de 01 63 55 45 3d 6c 95 ae 72";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.5
-
-char* message_5 =
-    "bd a3 a1 c7 90 59 ea e5 98 30 8d 3d f6 09 ";
-
-char* signature_5 =
-    "a1 56 17 6c b9 67 77 c7 fb 96 10 5d bd 91 3b c4"
-    "f7 40 54 f6 80 7c 60 08 a1 a9 56 ea 92 c1 f8 1c"
-    "b8 97 dc 4b 92 ef 9f 4e 40 66 8d c7 c5 56 90 1a"
-    "cb 6c f2 69 fe 61 5b 0f b7 2b 30 a5 13 38 69 23"
-    "14 b0 e5 87 8a 88 c2 c7 77 4b d1 69 39 b5 ab d8"
-    "2b 44 29 d6 7b d7 ac 8e 5e a7 fe 92 4e 20 a6 ec"
-    "66 22 91 f2 54 8d 73 4f 66 34 86 8b 03 9a a5 f9"
-    "d4 d9 06 b2 d0 cb 85 85 bf 42 85 47 af c9 1c 6e"
-    "20 52 dd cd 00 1c 3e f8 c8 ee fc 3b 6b 2a 82 b6"
-    "f9 c8 8c 56 f2 e2 c3 cb 0b e4 b8 0d a9 5e ba 37"
-    "1d 8b 5f 60 f9 25 38 74 3d db b5 da 29 72 c7 1f"
-    "e7 b9 f1 b7 90 26 8a 0e 77 0f c5 eb 4d 5d d8 52"
-    "47 d4 8a e2 ec 3f 26 25 5a 39 85 52 02 06 a1 f2"
-    "68 e4 83 e9 db b1 d5 ca b1 90 91 76 06 de 31 e7"
-    "c5 18 2d 8f 15 1b f4 1d fe cc ae d7 cd e6 90 b2"
-    "16 47 10 6b 49 0c 72 9d 54 a8 fe 28 02 a6 d1 26";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.6
-
-char* message_6 =
-    "c1 87 91 5e 4e 87 da 81 c0 8e d4 35 6a 0c ce ac "
-    "1c 4f b5 c0 46 b4 52 81 b3 87 ec 28 f1 ab fd 56 "
-    "7e 54 6b 23 6b 37 d0 1a e7 1d 3b 28 34 36 5d 3d "
-    "f3 80 b7 50 61 b7 36 b0 13 0b 07 0b e5 8a e8 a4 "
-    "6d 12 16 63 61 b6 13 db c4 7d fa eb 4c a7 46 45 "
-    "6c 2e 88 83 85 52 5c ca 9d d1 c3 c7 a9 ad a7 6d "
-    "6c ";;
-
-char* signature_6 =
-    "9c ab 74 16 36 08 66 9f 75 55 a3 33 cf 19 6f e3"
-    "a0 e9 e5 eb 1a 32 d3 4b b5 c8 5f f6 89 aa ab 0e"
-    "3e 65 66 8e d3 b1 15 3f 94 eb 3d 8b e3 79 b8 ee"
-    "f0 07 c4 a0 2c 70 71 ce 30 d8 bb 34 1e 58 c6 20"
-    "f7 3d 37 b4 ec bf 48 be 29 4f 6c 9e 0e cb 5e 63"
-    "fe c4 1f 12 0e 55 53 df a0 eb eb bb 72 64 0a 95"
-    "37 ba dc b4 51 33 02 29 d9 f7 10 f6 2e 3e d8 ec"
-    "78 4e 50 ee 1d 92 62 b4 26 71 34 00 11 d7 d0 98"
-    "c6 f2 55 7b 21 31 fa 9b d0 25 46 36 59 7e 88 ec"
-    "b3 5a 24 0e f0 fd 85 95 71 24 df 80 80 fe e1 e1"
-    "49 af 93 99 89 e8 6b 26 c8 5a 58 81 fa e8 67 3d"
-    "9f d4 08 00 dd 13 4e b9 bd b6 41 0f 42 0b 0a a9"
-    "7b 20 ef cf 2e b0 c8 07 fa eb 83 a3 cc d9 b5 1d"
-    "45 53 e4 1d fc 0d f6 ca 80 a1 e8 1d c2 34 bb 83"
-    "89 dd 19 5a 38 b4 2d e4 ed c4 9d 34 64 78 b9 f1"
-    "1f 05 57 20 5f 5b 0b d7 ff e9 c8 50 f3 96 d7 c4";;
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.7
-
-char* message_7 =
-    "ab fa 2e cb 7d 29 bd 5b cb 99 31 ce 2b ad 2f 74 "
-    "38 3e 95 68 3c ee 11 02 2f 08 e8 e7 d0 b8 fa 05 "
-    "8b f9 eb 7e b5 f9 88 68 b5 bb 1f b5 c3 1c ed a3 "
-    "a6 4f 1a 12 cd f2 0f cd 0e 5a 24 6d 7a 17 73 d8 "
-    "db a0 e3 b2 77 54 5b ab e5 8f 2b 96 e3 f4 ed c1 "
-    "8e ab f5 cd 2a 56 0f ca 75 fe 96 e0 7d 85 9d ef "
-    "b2 56 4f 3a 34 f1 6f 11 e9 1b 3a 71 7b 41 af 53 "
-    "f6 60 53 23 00 1a a4 06 c6 ";
-
-char* signature_7 =
-    "c4 b4 37 bc f7 03 f3 52 e1 fa f7 4e b9 62 20 39"
-    "42 6b 56 72 ca f2 a7 b3 81 c6 c4 f0 19 1e 7e 4a"
-    "98 f0 ee bc d6 f4 17 84 c2 53 7f f0 f9 9e 74 98"
-    "2c 87 20 1b fb c6 5e ae 83 2d b7 1d 16 da ca db"
-    "09 77 e5 c5 04 67 9e 40 be 0f 9d b0 6f fd 84 8d"
-    "d2 e5 c3 8a 7e c0 21 e7 f6 8c 47 df d3 8c c3 54"
-    "49 3d 53 39 b4 59 5a 5b f3 1e 3f 8f 13 81 68 07"
-    "37 3d f6 ad 0d c7 e7 31 e5 1a d1 9e b4 75 4b 13"
-    "44 85 84 2f e7 09 d3 78 44 4d 8e 36 b1 72 4a 4f"
-    "da 21 ca fe e6 53 ab 80 74 7f 79 52 ee 80 4d ea"
-    "b1 03 9d 84 13 99 45 bb f4 be 82 00 87 53 f3 c5"
-    "4c 78 21 a1 d2 41 f4 21 79 c7 94 ef 70 42 bb f9"
-    "95 56 56 22 2e 45 c3 43 69 a3 84 69 7b 6a e7 42"
-    "e1 8f a5 ca 7a ba d2 7d 9f e7 10 52 e3 31 0d 0f"
-    "52 c8 d1 2e a3 3b f0 53 a3 00 f4 af c4 f0 98 df"
-    "4e 6d 88 67 79 d6 45 94 d3 69 15 8f db c1 f6 94";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.8
-
-char* message_8 =
-    "df 40 44 a8 9a 83 e9 fc bf 12 62 54 0a e3 03 8b "
-    "bc 90 f2 b2 62 8b f2 a4 46 7a c6 77 22 d8 54 6b "
-    "3a 71 cb 0e a4 16 69 d5 b4 d6 18 59 c1 b4 e4 7c "
-    "ec c5 93 3f 75 7e c8 6d b0 64 4e 31 18 12 d0 0f "
-    "b8 02 f0 34 00 63 9c 0e 36 4d ae 5a eb c5 79 1b "
-    "c6 55 76 23 61 bc 43 c5 3d 3c 78 86 76 8f 79 68 "
-    "c1 c5 44 c6 f7 9f 7b e8 20 c7 e2 bd 2f 9d 73 e6 "
-    "2d ed 6d 2e 93 7e 6a 6d ae f9 0e e3 7a 1a 52 a5 "
-    "4f 00 e3 1a dd d6 48 94 cf 4c 02 e1 60 99 e2 9f "
-    "9e b7 f1 a7 bb 7f 84 c4 7a 2b 59 48 13 be 02 a1 "
-    "7b 7f c4 3b 34 c2 2c 91 92 52 64 12 6c 89 f8 6b "
-    "b4 d8 7f 3e f1 31 29 6c 53 a3 08 e0 33 1d ac 8b "
-    "af 3b 63 42 22 66 ec ef 2b 90 78 15 35 db da 41 "
-    "cb d0 cf 22 a8 cb fb 53 2e c6 8f c6 af b2 ac 06 ";
-
-char* signature_8 =
-    "14 14 b3 85 67 ae 6d 97 3e de 4a 06 84 2d cc 0e"
-    "05 59 b1 9e 65 a4 88 9b db ab d0 fd 02 80 68 29"
-    "13 ba cd 5d c2 f0 1b 30 bb 19 eb 81 0b 7d 9d ed"
-    "32 b2 84 f1 47 bb e7 71 c9 30 c6 05 2a a7 34 13"
-    "90 a8 49 f8 1d a9 cd 11 e5 ec cf 24 6d ba e9 5f"
-    "a9 58 28 e9 ae 0c a3 55 03 25 32 6d ee f9 f4 95"
-    "30 ba 44 1b ed 4a c2 9c 02 9c 9a 27 36 b1 a4 19"
-    "0b 85 08 4a d1 50 42 6b 46 d7 f8 5b d7 02 f4 8d"
-    "ac 5f 71 33 0b c4 23 a7 66 c6 5c c1 dc ab 20 d3"
-    "d3 bb a7 2b 63 b3 ef 82 44 d4 2f 15 7c b7 e3 a8"
-    "ba 5c 05 27 2c 64 cc 1a d2 1a 13 49 3c 39 11 f6"
-    "0b 4e 9f 4e cc 99 00 eb 05 6e e5 9d 6f e4 b8 ff"
-    "6e 80 48 cc c0 f3 8f 28 36 fd 3d fe 91 bf 4a 38"
-    "6e 1e cc 2c 32 83 9f 0c a4 d1 b2 7a 56 8f a9 40"
-    "dd 64 ad 16 bd 01 25 d0 34 8e 38 30 85 f0 88 94"
-    "86 1c a1 89 87 22 7d 37 b4 2b 58 4a 83 57 cb 04";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.9
-
-char* message_9 =
-    "ea 94 1f f0 6f 86 c2 26 92 7f cf 0e 3b 11 b0 87 "
-    "26 76 17 0c 1b fc 33 bd a8 e2 65 c7 77 71 f9 d0 "
-    "85 01 64 a5 ee cb cc 5c e8 27 fb fa 07 c8 52 14 "
-    "79 6d 81 27 e8 ca a8 18 94 ea 61 ce b1 44 9e 72 "
-    "fe a0 a4 c9 43 b2 da 6d 9b 10 5f e0 53 b9 03 9a "
-    "9c c5 3d 42 0b 75 39 fa b2 23 9c 6b 51 d1 7e 69 "
-    "4c 95 7d 4b 0f 09 84 46 18 79 a0 75 9c 44 01 be "
-    "ec d4 c6 06 a0 af bd 7a 07 6f 50 a2 df c2 80 7f "
-    "24 f1 91 9b aa 77 46 d3 a6 4e 26 8e d3 f5 f8 e6 "
-    "da 83 a2 a5 c9 15 2f 83 7c b0 78 12 bd 5b a7 d3 "
-    "a0 79 85 de 88 11 3c 17 96 e9 b4 66 ec 29 9c 5a "
-    "c1 05 9e 27 f0 94 15 ";
-
-char* signature_9 =
-    "ce eb 84 cc b4 e9 09 92 65 65 07 21 ee a0 e8 ec"
-    "89 ca 25 bd 35 4d 4f 64 56 49 67 be 9d 4b 08 b3"
-    "f1 c0 18 53 9c 9d 37 1c f8 96 1f 22 91 fb e0 dc"
-    "2f 2f 95 fe a4 7b 63 9f 1e 12 f4 bc 38 1c ef 0c"
-    "2b 7a 7b 95 c3 ad f2 76 05 b7 f6 39 98 c3 cb ad"
-    "54 28 08 c3 82 2e 06 4d 4a d1 40 93 67 9e 6e 01"
-    "41 8a 6d 5c 05 96 84 cd 56 e3 4e d6 5a b6 05 b8"
-    "de 4f cf a6 40 47 4a 54 a8 25 1b bb 73 26 a4 2d"
-    "08 58 5c fc fc 95 67 69 b1 5b 6d 7f df 7d a8 4f"
-    "81 97 6e aa 41 d6 92 38 0f f1 0e ae cf e0 a5 79"
-    "68 29 09 b5 52 1f ad e8 54 d7 97 b8 a0 34 5b 9a"
-    "86 4e 05 88 f6 ca dd bf 65 f1 77 99 8e 18 0d 1f"
-    "10 24 43 e6 dc a5 3a 94 82 3c aa 9c 3b 35 f3 22"
-    "58 3c 70 3a f6 74 76 15 9e c7 ec 93 d1 76 9b 30"
-    "0a f0 e7 15 7d c2 98 c6 cd 2d ee 22 62 f8 cd dc"
-    "10 f1 1e 01 74 14 71 bb fd 65 18 a1 75 73 45 75";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.10
-
-char* message_10 =
-    "d8 b8 16 45 c1 3c d7 ec f5 d0 0e d2 c9 1b 9a cd "
-    "46 c1 55 68 e5 30 3c 4a 97 75 ed e7 6b 48 40 3d "
-    "6b e5 6c 05 b6 b1 cf 77 c6 e7 5d e0 96 c5 cb 35 "
-    "51 cb 6f a9 64 f3 c8 79 cf 58 9d 28 e1 da 2f 9d "
-    "ec ";
-
-char* signature_10 =
-    "27 45 07 4c a9 71 75 d9 92 e2 b4 47 91 c3 23 c5"
-    "71 67 16 5c dd 8d a5 79 cd ef 46 86 b9 bb 40 4b"
-    "d3 6a 56 50 4e b1 fd 77 0f 60 bf a1 88 a7 b2 4b"
-    "0c 91 e8 81 c2 4e 35 b0 4d c4 dd 4c e3 85 66 bc"
-    "c9 ce 54 f4 9a 17 5f c9 d0 b2 25 22 d9 57 90 47"
-    "f9 ed 42 ec a8 3f 76 4a 10 16 39 97 94 7e 7d 2b"
-    "52 ff 08 98 0e 7e 7c 22 57 93 7b 23 f3 d2 79 d4"
-    "cd 17 d6 f4 95 54 63 73 d9 83 d5 36 ef d7 d1 b6"
-    "71 81 ca 2c b5 0a c6 16 c5 c7 ab fb b9 26 0b 91"
-    "b1 a3 8e 47 24 20 01 ff 45 2f 8d e1 0c a6 ea ea"
-    "dc af 9e dc 28 95 6f 28 a7 11 29 1f c9 a8 08 78"
-    "b8 ba 4c fe 25 b8 28 1c b8 0b c9 cd 6d 2b d1 82"
-    "52 46 ee be 25 2d 99 57 ef 93 70 73 52 08 4e 6d"
-    "36 d4 23 55 1b f2 66 a8 53 40 fb 4a 6a f3 70 88"
-    "0a ab 07 15 3d 01 f4 8d 08 6d f0 bf be c0 5e 7b"
-    "44 3b 97 e7 17 18 97 0e 2f 4b f6 20 23 e9 5b 67";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.11
-
-char* message_11 =
-    "e5 73 9b 6c 14 c9 2d 51 0d 95 b8 26 93 33 37 ff "
-    "0d 24 ef 72 1a c4 ef 64 c2 ba d2 64 be 8b 44 ef "
-    "a1 51 6e 08 a2 7e b6 b6 11 d3 30 1d f0 06 2d ae "
-    "fc 73 a8 c0 d9 2e 2c 52 1f ac bc 7b 26 47 38 76 "
-    "7e a6 fc 97 d5 88 a0 ba f6 ce 50 ad f7 9e 60 0b "
-    "d2 9e 34 5f cb 1d ba 71 ac 5c 02 89 02 3f e4 a8 "
-    "2b 46 a5 40 77 19 19 7d 2e 95 8e 35 31 fd 54 ae "
-    "f9 03 aa bb 43 55 f8 83 18 99 4e d3 c3 dd 62 f4 "
-    "20 a7 ";
-
-char* signature_11 =
-    "be 40 a5 fb 94 f1 13 e1 b3 ef f6 b6 a3 39 86 f2"
-    "02 e3 63 f0 74 83 b7 92 e6 8d fa 55 54 df 04 66"
-    "cc 32 15 09 50 78 3b 4d 96 8b 63 9a 04 fd 2f b9"
-    "7f 6e b9 67 02 1f 5a dc cb 9f ca 95 ac c8 f2 cd"
-    "88 5a 38 0b 0a 4e 82 bc 76 07 64 db ab 88 c1 e6"
-    "c0 25 5c aa 94 f2 32 19 9d 6f 59 7c c9 14 5b 00"
-    "e3 d4 ba 34 6b 55 9a 88 33 ad 15 16 ad 51 63 f0"
-    "16 af 6a 59 83 1c 82 ea 13 c8 22 4d 84 d0 76 5a"
-    "9d 12 38 4d a4 60 a8 53 1b 4c 40 7e 04 f4 f3 50"
-    "70 9e b9 f0 8f 5b 22 0f fb 45 ab f6 b7 5d 15 79"
-    "fd 3f 1e b5 5f c7 5b 00 af 8b a3 b0 87 82 7f e9"
-    "ae 9f b4 f6 c5 fa 63 03 1f e5 82 85 2f e2 83 4f"
-    "9c 89 bf f5 3e 25 52 21 6b c7 c1 d4 a3 d5 dc 2b"
-    "a6 95 5c d9 b1 7d 13 63 e7 fe e8 ed 76 29 75 3f"
-    "f3 12 5e dd 48 52 1a e3 b9 b0 32 17 f4 49 6d 0d"
-    "8e de 57 ac bc 5b d4 de ae 74 a5 6f 86 67 1d e2";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.12
-
-char* message_12 =
-    "7a f4 28 35 91 7a 88 d6 b3 c6 71 6b a2 f5 b0 d5 "
-    "b2 0b d4 e2 e6 e5 74 e0 6a f1 ee f7 c8 11 31 be "
-    "22 bf 81 28 b9 cb c6 ec 00 27 5b a8 02 94 a5 d1 "
-    "17 2d 08 24 a7 9e 8f dd 83 01 83 e4 c0 0b 96 78 "
-    "28 67 b1 22 7f ea 24 9a ad 32 ff c5 fe 00 7b c5 "
-    "1f 21 79 2f 72 8d ed a8 b5 70 8a a9 9c ab ab 20 "
-    "a4 aa 78 3e d8 6f 0f 27 b5 d5 63 f4 2e 07 15 8c "
-    "ea 72 d0 97 aa 68 87 ec 41 1d d0 12 91 2a 5e 03 "
-    "2b bf a6 78 50 71 44 bc c9 5f 39 b5 8b e7 bf d1 "
-    "75 9a db 9a 91 fa 1d 6d 82 26 a8 34 3a 8b 84 9d "
-    "ae 76 f7 b9 82 24 d5 9e 28 f7 81 f1 3e ce 60 5f "
-    "84 f6 c9 0b ae 5f 8c f3 78 81 6f 40 20 a7 dd a1 "
-    "be d9 0c 92 a2 36 34 d2 03 fa c3 fc d8 6d 68 d3 "
-    "18 2a 7d 9c ca be 7b 07 95 f5 c6 55 e9 ac c4 e3 "
-    "ec 18 51 40 d1 0c ef 05 34 64 ab 17 5c 83 bd 83 "
-    "93 5e 3d ab af 34 62 ee be 63 d1 5f 57 3d 26 9a ";
-
-char* signature_12 =
-    "4e 78 c5 90 2b 80 79 14 d1 2f a5 37 ae 68 71 c8"
-    "6d b8 02 1e 55 d1 ad b8 eb 0c cf 1b 8f 36 ab 7d"
-    "ad 1f 68 2e 94 7a 62 70 72 f0 3e 62 73 71 78 1d"
-    "33 22 1d 17 4a be 46 0d bd 88 56 0c 22 f6 90 11"
-    "6e 2f bb e6 e9 64 36 3a 3e 52 83 bb 5d 94 6e f1"
-    "c0 04 7e ba 03 8c 75 6c 40 be 79 23 05 58 09 b0"
-    "e9 f3 4a 03 a5 88 15 eb dd e7 67 93 1f 01 8f 6f"
-    "18 78 f2 ef 4f 47 dd 37 40 51 dd 48 68 5d ed 6e"
-    "fb 3e a8 02 1f 44 be 1d 7d 14 93 98 f9 8e a9 c0"
-    "8d 62 88 8e bb 56 19 2d 17 74 7b 6b 8e 17 09 54"
-    "31 f1 25 a8 a8 e9 96 2a a3 1c 28 52 64 e0 8f b2"
-    "1a ac 33 6c e6 c3 8a a3 75 e4 2b c9 2a b0 ab 91"
-    "03 84 31 e1 f9 2c 39 d2 af 5d ed 7e 43 bc 15 1e"
-    "6e be a4 c3 e2 58 3a f3 43 7e 82 c4 3c 5e 3b 5b"
-    "07 cf 03 59 68 3d 22 98 e3 59 48 ed 80 6c 06 3c"
-    "60 6e a1 78 15 0b 1e fc 15 85 69 34 c7 25 5c fe";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.13
-
-char* message_13 =
-    "eb ae f3 f9 f2 3b df e5 fa 6b 8a f4 c2 08 c1 89 "
-    "f2 25 1b f3 2f 5f 13 7b 9d e4 40 63 78 68 6b 3f "
-    "07 21 f6 2d 24 cb 86 88 d6 fc 41 a2 7c ba e2 1d "
-    "30 e4 29 fe ac c7 11 19 41 c2 77 ";
-
-char* signature_13 =
-    "c4 8d be f5 07 11 4f 03 c9 5f af be b4 df 1b fa"
-    "88 e0 18 4a 33 cc 4f 8a 9a 10 35 ff 7f 82 2a 5e"
-    "38 cd a1 87 23 91 5f f0 78 24 44 29 e0 f6 08 1c"
-    "14 fd 83 33 1f a6 5c 6b a7 bb 9a 12 db f6 62 23"
-    "74 cd 0c a5 7d e3 77 4e 2b d7 ae 82 36 77 d0 61"
-    "d5 3a e9 c4 04 0d 2d a7 ef 70 14 f3 bb dc 95 a3"
-    "61 a4 38 55 c8 ce 9b 97 ec ab ce 17 4d 92 62 85"
-    "14 2b 53 4a 30 87 f9 f4 ef 74 51 1e c7 42 b0 d5"
-    "68 56 03 fa f4 03 b5 07 2b 98 5d f4 6a df 2d 25"
-    "29 a0 2d 40 71 1e 21 90 91 70 52 37 1b 79 b7 49"
-    "b8 3a bf 0a e2 94 86 c3 f2 f6 24 77 b2 bd 36 2b"
-    "03 9c 01 3c 0c 50 76 ef 52 0d bb 40 5f 42 ce e9"
-    "54 25 c3 73 a9 75 e1 cd d0 32 c4 96 22 c8 50 79"
-    "b0 9e 88 da b2 b1 39 69 ef 7a 72 39 73 78 10 40"
-    "45 9f 57 d5 01 36 38 48 3d e2 d9 1c b3 c4 90 da"
-    "81 c4 6d e6 cd 76 ea 8a 0c 8f 6f e3 31 71 2d 24";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.14
-
-char* message_14 =
-    "c5 a2 71 12 78 76 1d fc dd 4f 0c 99 e6 f5 61 9d "
-    "6c 48 b5 d4 c1 a8 09 82 fa a6 b4 cf 1c f7 a6 0f "
-    "f3 27 ab ef 93 c8 01 42 9e fd e0 86 40 85 81 46 "
-    "10 56 ac c3 3f 3d 04 f5 ad a2 12 16 ca cd 5f d1 "
-    "f9 ed 83 20 3e 0e 2f e6 13 8e 3e ae 84 24 e5 91 "
-    "5a 08 3f 3f 7a b7 60 52 c8 be 55 ae 88 2d 6e c1 "
-    "48 2b 1e 45 c5 da e9 f4 10 15 40 53 27 02 2e c3 "
-    "2f 0e a2 42 97 63 b2 55 04 3b 19 58 ee 3c f6 d6 "
-    "39 83 59 6e b3 85 84 4f 85 28 cc 9a 98 65 83 5d "
-    "c5 11 3c 02 b8 0d 0f ca 68 aa 25 e7 2b ca ae b3 "
-    "cf 9d 79 d8 4f 98 4f d4 17 ";
-
-char* signature_14 =
-    "6b d5 25 7a a0 66 11 fb 46 60 08 7c b4 bc 4a 9e"
-    "44 91 59 d3 16 52 bd 98 08 44 da f3 b1 c7 b3 53"
-    "f8 e5 61 42 f7 ea 98 57 43 3b 18 57 3b 4d ee de"
-    "81 8a 93 b0 29 02 97 78 3f 1a 2f 23 cb c7 27 97"
-    "a6 72 53 7f 01 f6 24 84 cd 41 62 c3 21 4b 9a c6"
-    "28 22 4c 5d e0 1f 32 bb 9b 76 b2 73 54 f2 b1 51"
-    "d0 e8 c4 21 3e 46 15 ad 0b c7 1f 51 5e 30 0d 6a"
-    "64 c6 74 34 11 ff fd e8 e5 ff 19 0e 54 92 30 43"
-    "12 6e cf c4 c4 53 90 22 66 8f b6 75 f2 5c 07 e2"
-    "00 99 ee 31 5b 98 d6 af ec 4b 1a 9a 93 dc 33 49"
-    "6a 15 bd 6f de 16 63 a7 d4 9b 9f 1e 63 9d 38 66"
-    "4b 37 a0 10 b1 f3 5e 65 86 82 d9 cd 63 e5 7d e0"
-    "f1 5e 8b dd 09 65 58 f0 7e c0 ca a2 18 a8 c0 6f"
-    "47 88 45 39 40 28 7c 9d 34 b6 d4 0a 3f 09 bf 77"
-    "99 fe 98 ae 4e b4 9f 3f f4 1c 50 40 a5 0c ef c9"
-    "bd f2 39 4b 74 9c f1 64 48 0d f1 ab 68 80 27 3b";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.15
-
-char* message_15 =
-    "9b f8 aa 25 3b 87 2e a7 7a 7e 23 47 6b e2 6b 23 "
-    "29 57 8c f6 ac 9e a2 80 5b 35 7f 6f c3 ad 13 0d "
-    "ba eb 3d 86 9a 13 cc e7 a8 08 bb bb c9 69 85 7e "
-    "03 94 5c 7b b6 1d f1 b5 c2 58 9b 8e 04 6c 2a 5d "
-    "7e 40 57 b1 a7 4f 24 c7 11 21 63 64 28 85 29 ec "
-    "95 70 f2 51 97 21 3b e1 f5 c2 e5 96 f8 bf 8b 2c "
-    "f3 cb 38 aa 56 ff e5 e3 1d f7 39 58 20 e9 4e cf "
-    "3b 11 89 a9 65 dc f9 a9 cb 42 98 d3 c8 8b 29 23 "
-    "c1 9f c6 bc 34 aa ce ca d4 e0 93 1a 7c 4e 5d 73 "
-    "dc 86 df a7 98 a8 47 6d 82 46 3e ef aa 90 a8 a9 "
-    "19 2a b0 8b 23 08 8d d5 8e 12 80 f7 d7 2e 45 48 "
-    "39 6b aa c1 12 25 2d d5 c5 34 6a db 20 04 a2 f7 "
-    "10 1c cc 89 9c c7 fa fa e8 bb e2 95 73 88 96 a5 "
-    "b2 01 22 85 01 4e f6 ";
-
-char* signature_15 =
-    "27 f7 f4 da 9b d6 10 10 6e f5 7d 32 38 3a 44 8a"
-    "8a 62 45 c8 3d c1 30 9c 6d 77 0d 35 7b a8 9e 73"
-    "f2 ad 08 32 06 2e b0 fe 0a c9 15 57 5b cd 6b 8b"
-    "ca db 4e 2b a6 fa 9d a7 3a 59 17 51 52 b2 d4 fe"
-    "72 b0 70 c9 b7 37 9e 50 00 0e 55 e6 c2 69 f6 65"
-    "8c 93 79 72 79 7d 3a dd 69 f1 30 e3 4b 85 bd ec"
-    "9f 3a 9b 39 22 02 d6 f3 e4 30 d0 9c ac a8 22 77"
-    "59 ab 82 5f 70 12 d2 ff 4b 5b 62 c8 50 4d ba d8"
-    "55 c0 5e dd 5c ab 5a 4c cc dc 67 f0 1d d6 51 7c"
-    "7d 41 c4 3e 2a 49 57 af f1 9d b6 f1 8b 17 85 9a"
-    "f0 bc 84 ab 67 14 6e c1 a4 a6 0a 17 d7 e0 5f 8b"
-    "4f 9c ed 6a d1 09 08 d8 d7 8f 7f c8 8b 76 ad c8"
-    "29 0f 87 da f2 a7 be 10 ae 40 85 21 39 5d 54 ed"
-    "25 56 fb 76 61 85 4a 73 0c e3 d8 2c 71 a8 d4 93"
-    "ec 49 a3 78 ac 8a 3c 74 43 9f 7c c5 55 ba 13 f8"
-    "59 07 08 90 ee 18 ff 65 8f a4 d7 41 96 9d 70 a5";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.16
-
-char* message_16 =
-    "32 47 48 30 e2 20 37 54 c8 bf 06 81 dc 4f 84 2a "
-    "fe 36 09 30 37 86 16 c1 08 e8 33 65 6e 56 40 c8 "
-    "68 56 88 5b b0 5d 1e b9 43 8e fe de 67 92 63 de "
-    "07 cb 39 55 3f 6a 25 e0 06 b0 a5 23 11 a0 63 ca "
-    "08 82 66 d2 56 4f f6 49 0c 46 b5 60 98 18 54 8f "
-    "88 76 4d ad 34 a2 5e 3a 85 d5 75 02 3f 0b 9e 66 "
-    "50 48 a0 3c 35 05 79 a9 d3 24 46 c7 bb 96 cc 92 "
-    "e0 65 ab 94 d3 c8 95 2e 8d f6 8e f0 d9 fa 45 6b "
-    "3a 06 bb 80 e3 bb c4 b2 8e 6a 94 b6 d0 ff 76 96 "
-    "a6 4e fe 05 e7 35 fe a0 25 d7 bd bc 41 39 f3 a3 "
-    "b5 46 07 5c ba 7e fa 94 73 74 d3 f0 ac 80 a6 8d "
-    "76 5f 5d f6 21 0b ca 06 9a 2d 88 64 7a f7 ea 04 "
-    "2d ac 69 0c b5 73 78 ec 07 77 61 4f b8 b6 5f f4 "
-    "53 ca 6b 7d ce 60 98 45 1a 2f 8c 0d a9 bf ec f1 "
-    "fd f3 91 bb aa 4e 2a 91 ca 18 a1 12 1a 75 23 a2 "
-    "ab d4 25 14 f4 89 e8 ";
-
-char* signature_16 =
-    "69 17 43 72 57 c2 2c cb 54 03 29 0c 3d ee 82 d9"
-    "cf 75 50 b3 1b d3 1c 51 bd 57 bf d3 5d 45 2a b4"
-    "db 7c 4b e6 b2 e2 5a c9 a5 9a 1d 2a 7f eb 62 7f"
-    "0a fd 49 76 b3 00 3c c9 cf fd 88 96 50 5e c3 82"
-    "f2 65 10 4d 4c f8 c9 32 fa 9f e8 6e 00 87 07 95"
-    "99 12 38 9d a4 b2 d6 b3 69 b3 6a 5e 72 e2 9d 24"
-    "c9 a9 8c 9d 31 a3 ab 44 e6 43 e6 94 12 66 a4 7a"
-    "45 e3 44 6c e8 77 6a be 24 1a 8f 5f c6 42 3b 24"
-    "b1 ff 25 0d c2 c3 a8 17 23 53 56 10 77 e8 50 a7"
-    "69 b2 5f 03 25 da c8 89 65 a3 b9 b4 72 c4 94 e9"
-    "5f 71 9b 4e ac 33 2c aa 7a 65 c7 df e4 6d 9a a7"
-    "e6 e0 0f 52 5f 30 3d d6 3a b7 91 92 18 90 18 68"
-    "f9 33 7f 8c d2 6a af e6 f3 3b 7f b2 c9 88 10 af"
-    "19 f7 fc b2 82 ba 15 77 91 2c 1d 36 89 75 fd 5d"
-    "44 0b 86 e1 0c 19 97 15 fa 0b 6f 42 50 b5 33 73"
-    "2d 0b ef e1 54 51 50 fc 47 b8 76 de 09 b0 0a 94";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.17
-
-char* message_17 =
-    "00 8e 59 50 5e af b5 50 aa e5 e8 45 58 4c eb b0 "
-    "0b 6d e1 73 3e 9f 95 d4 2c 88 2a 5b be b5 ce 1c "
-    "57 e1 19 e7 c0 d4 da ca 9f 1f f7 87 02 17 f7 cf "
-    "d8 a6 b3 73 97 7c ac 9c ab 8e 71 e4 20 ";
-
-char* signature_17 =
-    "92 25 03 b6 73 ee 5f 3e 69 1e 1c a8 5e 9f f4 17"
-    "3c f7 2b 05 ac 2c 13 1d a5 60 35 93 e3 bc 25 9c"
-    "94 c1 f7 d3 a0 6a 5b 98 91 bf 11 3f a3 9e 59 ff"
-    "7c 1e d6 46 5e 90 80 49 cb 89 e4 e1 25 cd 37 d2"
-    "ff d9 22 7a 41 b4 a0 a1 9c 0a 44 fb bf 3d e5 5b"
-    "ab 80 20 87 a3 bb 8d 4f f6 68 ee 6b bb 8a d8 9e"
-    "68 57 a7 9a 9c 72 78 19 90 df cf 92 cd 51 94 04"
-    "c9 50 f1 3d 11 43 c3 18 4f 1d 25 0c 90 e1 7a c6"
-    "ce 36 16 3b 98 95 62 7a d6 ff ec 14 22 44 1f 55"
-    "e4 49 9d ba 9b e8 95 46 ae 8b c6 3c ca 01 dd 08"
-    "46 3a e7 f1 fc e3 d8 93 99 69 38 77 8c 18 12 e6"
-    "74 ad 9c 30 9c 5a cc a3 fd e4 4e 7d d8 69 59 93"
-    "e9 c1 fa 87 ac da 99 ec e5 c8 49 9e 46 89 57 ad"
-    "66 35 9b f1 2a 51 ad be 78 d3 a2 13 b4 49 bf 0b"
-    "5f 8d 4d 49 6a cf 03 d3 03 3b 7c cd 19 6b c2 2f"
-    "68 fb 7b ef 4f 69 7c 5e a2 b3 50 62 f4 8a 36 dd";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.18
-
-char* message_18 =
-    "6a bc 54 cf 8d 1d ff 1f 53 b1 7d 81 60 36 88 78 "
-    "a8 78 8c c6 d2 2f a5 c2 25 8c 88 e6 60 b0 9a 89 "
-    "33 f9 f2 c0 50 4d da dc 21 f6 e7 5e 0b 83 3b eb "
-    "55 52 29 de e6 56 b9 04 7b 92 f6 2e 76 b8 ff cc "
-    "60 da b0 6b 80 ";
-
-char* signature_18 =
-    "0b 6d af 42 f7 a8 62 14 7e 41 74 93 c2 c4 01 ef"
-    "ae 32 63 6a b4 cb d4 41 92 bb f5 f1 95 b5 0a e0"
-    "96 a4 75 a1 61 4f 0a 9f a8 f7 a0 26 cb 46 c6 50"
-    "6e 51 8e 33 d8 3e 56 47 7a 87 5a ca 8c 7e 71 4c"
-    "e1 bd bd 61 ef 5d 53 52 39 b3 3f 2b fd d6 17 71"
-    "ba b6 27 76 d7 81 71 a1 42 3c ea 87 31 f8 2e 60"
-    "76 6d 64 54 26 56 20 b1 5f 5c 5a 58 4f 55 f9 5b"
-    "80 2f e7 8c 57 4e d5 da cf c8 31 f3 cf 2b 05 02"
-    "c0 b2 98 f2 5c cf 11 f9 73 b3 1f 85 e4 74 42 19"
-    "85 f3 cf f7 02 df 39 46 ef 0a 66 05 68 21 11 b2"
-    "f5 5b 1f 8a b0 d2 ea 3a 68 3c 69 98 5e ad 93 ed"
-    "44 9e a4 8f 03 58 dd f7 08 02 cb 41 de 2f d8 3f"
-    "3c 80 80 82 d8 49 36 94 8e 0c 84 a1 31 b4 92 78"
-    "27 46 05 27 bb 5c d2 4b fa b7 b4 8e 07 1b 24 17"
-    "19 30 f9 97 63 27 2f 97 97 bc b7 6f 1d 24 81 57"
-    "55 58 fc f2 60 b1 f0 e5 54 eb b3 df 3c fc b9 58";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.19
-
-char* message_19 =
-    "af 2d 78 15 2c f1 0e fe 01 d2 74 f2 17 b1 77 f6 "
-    "b0 1b 5e 74 9f 15 67 71 5d a3 24 85 9c d3 dd 88 "
-    "db 84 8e c7 9f 48 db ba 7b 6f 1d 33 11 1e f3 1b "
-    "64 89 9e 73 91 c2 bf fd 69 f4 90 25 cf 20 1f c5 "
-    "85 db d1 54 2c 1c 77 8a 2c e7 a7 ee 10 8a 30 9f "
-    "ec a2 6d 13 3a 5f fe dc 4e 86 9d cd 76 56 59 6a "
-    "c8 42 7e a3 ef 6e 3f d7 8f e9 9d 8d dc 71 d8 39 "
-    "f6 78 6e 0d a6 e7 86 bd 62 b3 a4 f1 9b 89 1a 56 "
-    "15 7a 55 4e c2 a2 b3 9e 25 a1 d7 c7 d3 73 21 c7 "
-    "a1 d9 46 cf 4f be 75 8d 92 76 f0 85 63 44 9d 67 "
-    "41 4a 2c 03 0f 42 51 cf e2 21 3d 04 a5 41 06 37 "
-    "87 ";
-
-char* signature_19 =
-    "20 9c 61 15 78 57 38 7b 71 e2 4b f3 dd 56 41 45"
-    "50 50 3b ec 18 0f f5 3b dd 9b ac 06 2a 2d 49 95"
-    "09 bf 99 12 81 b7 95 27 df 91 36 61 5b 7a 6d 9d"
-    "b3 a1 03 b5 35 e0 20 2a 2c ac a1 97 a7 b7 4e 53"
-    "56 f3 dd 59 5b 49 ac fd 9d 30 04 9a 98 ca 88 f6"
-    "25 bc a1 d5 f2 2a 39 2d 8a 74 9e fb 6e ed 9b 78"
-    "21 d3 11 0a c0 d2 44 19 9e cb 4a a3 d7 35 a8 3a"
-    "2e 88 93 c6 bf 85 81 38 3c ca ee 83 46 35 b7 fa"
-    "1f af fa 45 b1 3d 15 c1 da 33 af 71 e8 93 03 d6"
-    "80 90 ff 62 ee 61 5f df 5a 84 d1 20 71 1d a5 3c"
-    "28 89 19 8a b3 83 17 a9 73 4a b2 7d 67 92 4c ea"
-    "74 15 6f f9 9b ef 98 76 bb 5c 33 9e 93 74 52 83"
-    "e1 b3 4e 07 22 26 b8 80 45 e0 17 e9 f0 5b 2a 8c"
-    "41 67 40 25 8e 22 3b 26 90 02 74 91 73 22 73 f3"
-    "22 9d 9e f2 b1 b3 80 7e 32 10 18 92 0a d3 e5 3d"
-    "ae 47 e6 d9 39 5c 18 4b 93 a3 74 c6 71 fa a2 ce";
-
-// PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Example 15.20
-
-char* message_20 =
-    "40 ee 99 24 58 d6 f6 14 86 d2 56 76 a9 6d d2 cb "
-    "93 a3 7f 04 b1 78 48 2f 2b 18 6c f8 82 15 27 0d "
-    "ba 29 d7 86 d7 74 b0 c5 e7 8c 7f 6e 56 a9 56 e7 "
-    "f7 39 50 a2 b0 c0 c1 0a 08 db cd 67 e5 b2 10 bb "
-    "21 c5 8e 27 67 d4 4f 7d d4 01 4e 39 66 14 3b f7 "
-    "e3 d6 6f f0 c0 9b e4 c5 5f 93 b3 99 94 b8 51 8d "
-    "9c 1d 76 d5 b4 73 74 de a0 8f 15 7d 57 d7 06 34 "
-    "97 8f 38 56 e0 e5 b4 81 af bb db 5a 3a c4 8d 48 "
-    "4b e9 2c 93 de 22 91 78 35 4c 2d e5 26 e9 c6 5a "
-    "31 ed e1 ef 68 cb 63 98 d7 91 16 84 fe c0 ba bc "
-    "3a 78 1a 66 66 07 83 50 69 74 d0 e1 48 25 10 1c "
-    "3b fa ea ";
-
-char* signature_20 =
-    "92 75 02 b8 24 af c4 25 13 ca 65 70 de 33 8b 8a"
-    "64 c3 a8 5e b8 28 d3 19 36 24 f2 7e 8b 10 29 c5"
-    "5c 11 9c 97 33 b1 8f 58 49 b3 50 09 18 bc c0 05"
-    "51 d9 a8 fd f5 3a 97 74 9f a8 dc 48 0d 6f e9 74"
-    "2a 58 71 f9 73 92 65 28 97 2a 1a f4 9e 39 25 b0"
-    "ad f1 4a 84 27 19 b4 a5 a2 d8 9f a9 c0 b6 60 5d"
-    "21 2b ed 1e 67 23 b9 34 06 ad 30 e8 68 29 a5 c7"
-    "19 b8 90 b3 89 30 6d c5 50 64 86 ee 2f 36 a8 df"
-    "e0 a9 6a f6 78 c9 cb d6 af f3 97 ca 20 0e 3e dc"
-    "1e 36 bd 2f 08 b3 1d 54 0c 0c b2 82 a9 55 9e 4a"
-    "dd 4f c9 e6 49 2e ed 0c cb d3 a6 98 2e 5f aa 2d"
-    "dd 17 be 47 41 7c 80 b4 e5 45 2d 31 f7 24 01 a0"
-    "42 32 51 09 54 4d 95 4c 01 93 90 79 d4 09 a5 c3"
-    "78 d7 51 2d fc 2d 2a 71 ef cc 34 32 a7 65 d1 c6"
-    "a5 2c fc e8 99 cd 79 b1 5b 4f c3 72 36 41 ef 6b"
-    "d0 0a cc 10 40 7e 5d f5 8d d1 c3 c5 c5 59 a5 06";
-
-
-unsigned char* parsehex(char* str, int* len) {
-    // result can't be longer than input
-    unsigned char* result = malloc(strlen(str));
-
-    unsigned char* p = result;
-    *len = 0;
-
-    while (*str) {
-        int b;
-
-        while (isspace(*str)) str++;
-
-        switch (*str) {
-            case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
-            case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
-                b = (*str - '0') << 4; break;
-            case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e': case 'f':
-                b = (*str - 'a' + 10) << 4; break;
-            case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F':
-                b = (*str - 'A' + 10) << 4; break;
-            case '\0':
-                return result;
-            default:
-                return NULL;
-        }
-        str++;
-
-        while (isspace(*str)) str++;
-
-        switch (*str) {
-            case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
-            case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
-                b |= *str - '0'; break;
-            case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e': case 'f':
-                b |= *str - 'a' + 10; break;
-            case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F':
-                b |= *str - 'A' + 10; break;
-            default:
-                return NULL;
-        }
-        str++;
-
-        *p++ = b;
-        ++*len;
-    }
-
-    return result;
-}
-
-
-int main(int arg __unused, char** argv __unused) {
-
-    unsigned char hash[SHA_DIGEST_SIZE];
-
-    unsigned char* message;
-    int mlen;
-    unsigned char* signature;
-    int slen;
-
-#define TEST_MESSAGE(n) do {\
-    message = parsehex(message_##n, &mlen); \
-    SHA_hash(message, mlen, hash); \
-    signature = parsehex(signature_##n, &slen); \
-    int result = RSA_verify(&key_15, signature, slen, hash, sizeof(hash)); \
-    printf("message %d: %s\n", n, result ? "verified" : "not verified"); \
-    success = success && result; \
-    } while(0)
-
-    int success = 1;
-
-    TEST_MESSAGE(1);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(2);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(3);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(4);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(5);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(6);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(7);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(8);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(9);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(10);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(11);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(12);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(13);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(14);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(15);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(16);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(17);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(18);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(19);
-    TEST_MESSAGE(20);
-
-    printf("\n%s\n\n", success ? "PASS" : "FAIL");
-
-    return !success;
-}
diff --git a/libmincrypt/tools/DumpPublicKey.java b/libmincrypt/tools/DumpPublicKey.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 3eb1398..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/tools/DumpPublicKey.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,270 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.dumpkey;
-
-import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
-
-import java.io.FileInputStream;
-import java.math.BigInteger;
-import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
-import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
-import java.security.KeyStore;
-import java.security.Key;
-import java.security.PublicKey;
-import java.security.Security;
-import java.security.interfaces.ECPublicKey;
-import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
-import java.security.spec.ECPoint;
-
-/**
- * Command line tool to extract RSA public keys from X.509 certificates
- * and output source code with data initializers for the keys.
- * @hide
- */
-class DumpPublicKey {
-    /**
-     * @param key to perform sanity checks on
-     * @return version number of key.  Supported versions are:
-     *     1: 2048-bit RSA key with e=3 and SHA-1 hash
-     *     2: 2048-bit RSA key with e=65537 and SHA-1 hash
-     *     3: 2048-bit RSA key with e=3 and SHA-256 hash
-     *     4: 2048-bit RSA key with e=65537 and SHA-256 hash
-     * @throws Exception if the key has the wrong size or public exponent
-     */
-    static int checkRSA(RSAPublicKey key, boolean useSHA256) throws Exception {
-        BigInteger pubexp = key.getPublicExponent();
-        BigInteger modulus = key.getModulus();
-        int version;
-
-        if (pubexp.equals(BigInteger.valueOf(3))) {
-            version = useSHA256 ? 3 : 1;
-        } else if (pubexp.equals(BigInteger.valueOf(65537))) {
-            version = useSHA256 ? 4 : 2;
-        } else {
-            throw new Exception("Public exponent should be 3 or 65537 but is " +
-                                pubexp.toString(10) + ".");
-        }
-
-        if (modulus.bitLength() != 2048) {
-             throw new Exception("Modulus should be 2048 bits long but is " +
-                        modulus.bitLength() + " bits.");
-        }
-
-        return version;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @param key to perform sanity checks on
-     * @return version number of key.  Supported versions are:
-     *     5: 256-bit EC key with curve NIST P-256
-     * @throws Exception if the key has the wrong size or public exponent
-     */
-    static int checkEC(ECPublicKey key) throws Exception {
-        if (key.getParams().getCurve().getField().getFieldSize() != 256) {
-            throw new Exception("Curve must be NIST P-256");
-        }
-
-        return 5;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Perform sanity check on public key.
-     */
-    static int check(PublicKey key, boolean useSHA256) throws Exception {
-        if (key instanceof RSAPublicKey) {
-            return checkRSA((RSAPublicKey) key, useSHA256);
-        } else if (key instanceof ECPublicKey) {
-            if (!useSHA256) {
-                throw new Exception("Must use SHA-256 with EC keys!");
-            }
-            return checkEC((ECPublicKey) key);
-        } else {
-            throw new Exception("Unsupported key class: " + key.getClass().getName());
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @param key to output
-     * @return a String representing this public key.  If the key is a
-     *    version 1 key, the string will be a C initializer; this is
-     *    not true for newer key versions.
-     */
-    static String printRSA(RSAPublicKey key, boolean useSHA256) throws Exception {
-        int version = check(key, useSHA256);
-
-        BigInteger N = key.getModulus();
-
-        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
-
-        int nwords = N.bitLength() / 32;    // # of 32 bit integers in modulus
-
-        if (version > 1) {
-            result.append("v");
-            result.append(Integer.toString(version));
-            result.append(" ");
-        }
-
-        result.append("{");
-        result.append(nwords);
-
-        BigInteger B = BigInteger.valueOf(0x100000000L);  // 2^32
-        BigInteger N0inv = B.subtract(N.modInverse(B));   // -1 / N[0] mod 2^32
-
-        result.append(",0x");
-        result.append(N0inv.toString(16));
-
-        BigInteger R = BigInteger.valueOf(2).pow(N.bitLength());
-        BigInteger RR = R.multiply(R).mod(N);    // 2^4096 mod N
-
-        // Write out modulus as little endian array of integers.
-        result.append(",{");
-        for (int i = 0; i < nwords; ++i) {
-            long n = N.mod(B).longValue();
-            result.append(n);
-
-            if (i != nwords - 1) {
-                result.append(",");
-            }
-
-            N = N.divide(B);
-        }
-        result.append("}");
-
-        // Write R^2 as little endian array of integers.
-        result.append(",{");
-        for (int i = 0; i < nwords; ++i) {
-            long rr = RR.mod(B).longValue();
-            result.append(rr);
-
-            if (i != nwords - 1) {
-                result.append(",");
-            }
-
-            RR = RR.divide(B);
-        }
-        result.append("}");
-
-        result.append("}");
-        return result.toString();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @param key to output
-     * @return a String representing this public key.  If the key is a
-     *    version 1 key, the string will be a C initializer; this is
-     *    not true for newer key versions.
-     */
-    static String printEC(ECPublicKey key) throws Exception {
-        int version = checkEC(key);
-
-        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
-
-        result.append("v");
-        result.append(Integer.toString(version));
-        result.append(" ");
-
-        BigInteger X = key.getW().getAffineX();
-        BigInteger Y = key.getW().getAffineY();
-        int nbytes = key.getParams().getCurve().getField().getFieldSize() / 8;    // # of 32 bit integers in X coordinate
-
-        result.append("{");
-        result.append(nbytes);
-
-        BigInteger B = BigInteger.valueOf(0x100L);  // 2^8
-
-        // Write out Y coordinate as array of characters.
-        result.append(",{");
-        for (int i = 0; i < nbytes; ++i) {
-            long n = X.mod(B).longValue();
-            result.append(n);
-
-            if (i != nbytes - 1) {
-                result.append(",");
-            }
-
-            X = X.divide(B);
-        }
-        result.append("}");
-
-        // Write out Y coordinate as array of characters.
-        result.append(",{");
-        for (int i = 0; i < nbytes; ++i) {
-            long n = Y.mod(B).longValue();
-            result.append(n);
-
-            if (i != nbytes - 1) {
-                result.append(",");
-            }
-
-            Y = Y.divide(B);
-        }
-        result.append("}");
-
-        result.append("}");
-        return result.toString();
-    }
-
-    static String print(PublicKey key, boolean useSHA256) throws Exception {
-        if (key instanceof RSAPublicKey) {
-            return printRSA((RSAPublicKey) key, useSHA256);
-        } else if (key instanceof ECPublicKey) {
-            return printEC((ECPublicKey) key);
-        } else {
-            throw new Exception("Unsupported key class: " + key.getClass().getName());
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        if (args.length < 1) {
-            System.err.println("Usage: DumpPublicKey certfile ... > source.c");
-            System.exit(1);
-        }
-        Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
-        try {
-            for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
-                FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream(args[i]);
-                CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
-                X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate) cf.generateCertificate(input);
-
-                boolean useSHA256 = false;
-                String sigAlg = cert.getSigAlgName();
-                if ("SHA1withRSA".equals(sigAlg) || "MD5withRSA".equals(sigAlg)) {
-                    // SignApk has historically accepted "MD5withRSA"
-                    // certificates, but treated them as "SHA1withRSA"
-                    // anyway.  Continue to do so for backwards
-                    // compatibility.
-                  useSHA256 = false;
-                } else if ("SHA256withRSA".equals(sigAlg) || "SHA256withECDSA".equals(sigAlg)) {
-                  useSHA256 = true;
-                } else {
-                  System.err.println(args[i] + ": unsupported signature algorithm \"" +
-                                     sigAlg + "\"");
-                  System.exit(1);
-                }
-
-                PublicKey key = cert.getPublicKey();
-                check(key, useSHA256);
-                System.out.print(print(key, useSHA256));
-                System.out.println(i < args.length - 1 ? "," : "");
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-            System.exit(1);
-        }
-        System.exit(0);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/libmincrypt/tools/DumpPublicKey.mf b/libmincrypt/tools/DumpPublicKey.mf
deleted file mode 100644
index 7bb3bc8..0000000
--- a/libmincrypt/tools/DumpPublicKey.mf
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Main-Class: com.android.dumpkey.DumpPublicKey
diff --git a/libnativebridge/native_bridge.cc b/libnativebridge/native_bridge.cc
index 32a65ea..ecfd719 100644
--- a/libnativebridge/native_bridge.cc
+++ b/libnativebridge/native_bridge.cc
@@ -231,8 +231,10 @@
 static const char* kRuntimeISA = "arm";
 #elif defined(__aarch64__)
 static const char* kRuntimeISA = "arm64";
-#elif defined(__mips__)
+#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
 static const char* kRuntimeISA = "mips";
+#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
+static const char* kRuntimeISA = "mips64";
 #elif defined(__i386__)
 static const char* kRuntimeISA = "x86";
 #elif defined(__x86_64__)
diff --git a/libnativebridge/tests/NeedsNativeBridge_test.cpp b/libnativebridge/tests/NeedsNativeBridge_test.cpp
index e1c0876..2067ed2 100644
--- a/libnativebridge/tests/NeedsNativeBridge_test.cpp
+++ b/libnativebridge/tests/NeedsNativeBridge_test.cpp
@@ -18,15 +18,17 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
-static const char* kISAs[] = { "arm", "arm64", "mips", "x86", "x86_64", "random", "64arm", "64_x86",
-                               "64_x86_64", "", "reallylongstringabcd", nullptr };
+static const char* kISAs[] = { "arm", "arm64", "mips", "mips64", "x86", "x86_64", "random", "64arm",
+                               "64_x86", "64_x86_64", "", "reallylongstringabcd", nullptr };
 
 #if defined(__arm__)
 static const char* kRuntimeISA = "arm";
 #elif defined(__aarch64__)
 static const char* kRuntimeISA = "arm64";
-#elif defined(__mips__)
+#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
 static const char* kRuntimeISA = "mips";
+#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
+static const char* kRuntimeISA = "mips64";
 #elif defined(__i386__)
 static const char* kRuntimeISA = "x86";
 #elif defined(__x86_64__)
diff --git a/libnetutils/Android.mk b/libnetutils/Android.mk
index ff899c0..ce7c3ba 100644
--- a/libnetutils/Android.mk
+++ b/libnetutils/Android.mk
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@
 
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Werror
 
+LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+
 include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
 
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
diff --git a/include/netutils/dhcp.h b/libnetutils/include/netutils/dhcp.h
similarity index 100%
rename from include/netutils/dhcp.h
rename to libnetutils/include/netutils/dhcp.h
diff --git a/include/netutils/ifc.h b/libnetutils/include/netutils/ifc.h
similarity index 100%
rename from include/netutils/ifc.h
rename to libnetutils/include/netutils/ifc.h
diff --git a/libpackagelistparser/packagelistparser.c b/libpackagelistparser/packagelistparser.c
index 16052e2..e309027 100644
--- a/libpackagelistparser/packagelistparser.c
+++ b/libpackagelistparser/packagelistparser.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #include <sys/limits.h>
 
 #define LOG_TAG "packagelistparser"
-#include <utils/Log.h>
+#include <cutils/log.h>
 
 #include <packagelistparser/packagelistparser.h>
 
diff --git a/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/GGLAssembler.h b/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/GGLAssembler.h
index 9db20df..ecc242a 100644
--- a/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/GGLAssembler.h
+++ b/libpixelflinger/codeflinger/GGLAssembler.h
@@ -288,6 +288,14 @@
 
 
 private:
+    // GGLAssembler hides RegisterAllocator's and ARMAssemblerProxy's reset
+    // methods by providing a reset method with a different parameter set. The
+    // intent of GGLAssembler's reset method is to wrap the inherited reset
+    // methods, so make these methods private in order to prevent direct calls
+    // to these methods from clients.
+    using RegisterAllocator::reset;
+    using ARMAssemblerProxy::reset;
+
     struct tex_coord_t {
         reg_t       s;
         reg_t       t;
diff --git a/libpixelflinger/scanline.cpp b/libpixelflinger/scanline.cpp
index a718b02..f48e1d0 100644
--- a/libpixelflinger/scanline.cpp
+++ b/libpixelflinger/scanline.cpp
@@ -965,7 +965,7 @@
  * Use only for one-to-one texture mapping.
  */
 struct horz_iterator32 {
-    horz_iterator32(context_t* c) {
+    explicit horz_iterator32(context_t* c) {
         const int x = c->iterators.xl;
         const int y = c->iterators.y;
         texture_t& tx = c->state.texture[0];
@@ -982,7 +982,7 @@
 
 /* A variant for 16-bit source textures. */
 struct horz_iterator16 {
-    horz_iterator16(context_t* c) {
+    explicit horz_iterator16(context_t* c) {
         const int x = c->iterators.xl;
         const int y = c->iterators.y;
         texture_t& tx = c->state.texture[0];
@@ -1002,7 +1002,7 @@
  * texture pixel value.
  */
 struct clamp_iterator {
-    clamp_iterator(context_t* c) {
+    explicit clamp_iterator(context_t* c) {
         const int xs = c->iterators.xl;
         texture_t& tx = c->state.texture[0];
         texture_iterators_t& ti = tx.iterators;
@@ -1112,13 +1112,13 @@
 }
 
 struct horz_clamp_iterator16 : horz_clamp_iterator {
-    horz_clamp_iterator16(const context_t* c) {
+    explicit horz_clamp_iterator16(const context_t* c) {
         init(c,1);
     };
 };
 
 struct horz_clamp_iterator32 : horz_clamp_iterator {
-    horz_clamp_iterator32(context_t* c) {
+    explicit horz_clamp_iterator32(context_t* c) {
         init(c,2);
     };
 };
@@ -1126,7 +1126,7 @@
 /* This is used to perform dithering operations.
  */
 struct ditherer {
-    ditherer(const context_t* c) {
+    explicit ditherer(const context_t* c) {
         const int x = c->iterators.xl;
         const int y = c->iterators.y;
         m_line = &c->ditherMatrix[ ((y & GGL_DITHER_MASK)<<GGL_DITHER_ORDER_SHIFT) ];
@@ -1172,7 +1172,7 @@
  *   blender.blend(<32-bit-src-pixel-value>,<ptr-to-16-bit-dest-pixel>)
  */
 struct blender_32to16 {
-    blender_32to16(context_t* /*c*/) { }
+    explicit blender_32to16(context_t* /*c*/) { }
     void write(uint32_t s, uint16_t* dst) {
         if (s == 0)
             return;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@
  * where dstFactor=srcA*(1-srcA) srcFactor=srcA
  */
 struct blender_32to16_srcA {
-    blender_32to16_srcA(const context_t* /*c*/) { }
+    explicit blender_32to16_srcA(const context_t* /*c*/) { }
     void write(uint32_t s, uint16_t* dst) {
         if (!s) {
             return;
@@ -1271,7 +1271,7 @@
 /* This blender does a normal blend after modulation.
  */
 struct blender_32to16_modulate : blender_modulate {
-    blender_32to16_modulate(const context_t* c) {
+    explicit blender_32to16_modulate(const context_t* c) {
         init(c);
     }
     void write(uint32_t s, uint16_t* dst) {
@@ -1343,7 +1343,7 @@
 
 /* same as 32to16_modulate, except that the input is xRGB, instead of ARGB */
 struct blender_x32to16_modulate : blender_modulate {
-    blender_x32to16_modulate(const context_t* c) {
+    explicit blender_x32to16_modulate(const context_t* c) {
         init(c);
     }
     void write(uint32_t s, uint16_t* dst) {
@@ -1398,7 +1398,7 @@
 
 /* Same as above, but source is 16bit rgb565 */
 struct blender_16to16_modulate : blender_modulate {
-    blender_16to16_modulate(const context_t* c) {
+    explicit blender_16to16_modulate(const context_t* c) {
         init(c);
     }
     void write(uint16_t s16, uint16_t* dst) {
@@ -1434,7 +1434,7 @@
  *   }
  */
 struct dst_iterator16 {
-    dst_iterator16(const context_t* c) {
+    explicit dst_iterator16(const context_t* c) {
         const int x = c->iterators.xl;
         const int width = c->iterators.xr - x;
         const int32_t y = c->iterators.y;
diff --git a/libprocessgroup/processgroup.cpp b/libprocessgroup/processgroup.cpp
index 1bc1659..cfc9ae2 100644
--- a/libprocessgroup/processgroup.cpp
+++ b/libprocessgroup/processgroup.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
+#include <memory>
 
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
@@ -201,11 +202,11 @@
 
 static void removeUidProcessGroups(const char *uid_path)
 {
-    DIR *uid = opendir(uid_path);
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> uid(opendir(uid_path), closedir);
     if (uid != NULL) {
         struct dirent cur;
         struct dirent *dir;
-        while ((readdir_r(uid, &cur, &dir) == 0) && dir) {
+        while ((readdir_r(uid.get(), &cur, &dir) == 0) && dir) {
             char path[PROCESSGROUP_MAX_PATH_LEN];
 
             if (dir->d_type != DT_DIR) {
@@ -220,7 +221,6 @@
             SLOGV("removing %s\n", path);
             rmdir(path);
         }
-        closedir(uid);
     }
 }
 
@@ -228,13 +228,13 @@
 {
     SLOGV("removeAllProcessGroups()");
     const char *cgroup_root_path = getCgroupRootPath();
-    DIR *root = opendir(cgroup_root_path);
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> root(opendir(cgroup_root_path), closedir);
     if (root == NULL) {
         SLOGE("failed to open %s: %s", cgroup_root_path, strerror(errno));
     } else {
         struct dirent cur;
         struct dirent *dir;
-        while ((readdir_r(root, &cur, &dir) == 0) && dir) {
+        while ((readdir_r(root.get(), &cur, &dir) == 0) && dir) {
             char path[PROCESSGROUP_MAX_PATH_LEN];
 
             if (dir->d_type != DT_DIR) {
@@ -249,7 +249,6 @@
             SLOGV("removing %s\n", path);
             rmdir(path);
         }
-        closedir(root);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/libsync/sync_test.c b/libsync/sync_test.c
index ee9ea3c..9a5f7d8 100644
--- a/libsync/sync_test.c
+++ b/libsync/sync_test.c
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
 
         for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
             unsigned val = i + j * 3 + 1;
-            sprintf(str, "test_fence%d-%d", i, j);
+            snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "test_fence%d-%d", i, j);
             int fd = sw_sync_fence_create(sync_timeline_fd, str, val);
             if (fd < 0) {
                 printf("can't create sync pt %d: %s", val, strerror(errno));
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
 
     sync_data[3].thread_no = 3;
     for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
-        sprintf(str, "merged_fence%d", j);
+        snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "merged_fence%d", j);
         sync_data[3].fd[j] = sync_merge(str, sync_data[0].fd[j], sync_data[1].fd[j]);
         if (sync_data[3].fd[j] < 0) {
             printf("can't merge sync pts %d and %d: %s\n",
diff --git a/libsysutils/src/SocketListener.cpp b/libsysutils/src/SocketListener.cpp
index 168899c..4d602a6 100644
--- a/libsysutils/src/SocketListener.cpp
+++ b/libsysutils/src/SocketListener.cpp
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
 
             do {
                 alen = sizeof(ss);
-                c = accept(mSock, addrp, &alen);
+                c = accept4(mSock, addrp, &alen, SOCK_CLOEXEC);
                 SLOGV("%s got %d from accept", mSocketName, c);
             } while (c < 0 && errno == EINTR);
             if (c < 0) {
@@ -214,7 +214,6 @@
                 sleep(1);
                 continue;
             }
-            fcntl(c, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
             pthread_mutex_lock(&mClientsLock);
             mClients->push_back(new SocketClient(c, true, mUseCmdNum));
             pthread_mutex_unlock(&mClientsLock);
diff --git a/libutils/ProcessCallStack.cpp b/libutils/ProcessCallStack.cpp
index cdb586d..4e87a98 100644
--- a/libutils/ProcessCallStack.cpp
+++ b/libutils/ProcessCallStack.cpp
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <memory>
 
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
@@ -130,11 +131,10 @@
 }
 
 void ProcessCallStack::update() {
-    DIR *dp;
     struct dirent *ep;
     struct dirent entry;
 
-    dp = opendir(PATH_SELF_TASK);
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dp(opendir(PATH_SELF_TASK), closedir);
     if (dp == NULL) {
         ALOGE("%s: Failed to update the process's call stacks: %s",
               __FUNCTION__, strerror(errno));
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@
      * - Read every file in directory => get every tid
      */
     int code;
-    while ((code = readdir_r(dp, &entry, &ep)) == 0 && ep != NULL) {
+    while ((code = readdir_r(dp.get(), &entry, &ep)) == 0 && ep != NULL) {
         pid_t tid = -1;
         sscanf(ep->d_name, "%d", &tid);
 
@@ -198,8 +198,6 @@
         ALOGE("%s: Failed to readdir from %s: %s",
               __FUNCTION__, PATH_SELF_TASK, strerror(code));
     }
-
-    closedir(dp);
 }
 
 void ProcessCallStack::log(const char* logtag, android_LogPriority priority,
diff --git a/libutils/RefBase.cpp b/libutils/RefBase.cpp
index 02907ad..22162fa 100644
--- a/libutils/RefBase.cpp
+++ b/libutils/RefBase.cpp
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
 
 #if !DEBUG_REFS
 
-    weakref_impl(RefBase* base)
+    explicit weakref_impl(RefBase* base)
         : mStrong(INITIAL_STRONG_VALUE)
         , mWeak(0)
         , mBase(base)
@@ -190,17 +190,22 @@
         {
             Mutex::Autolock _l(mMutex);
             char buf[128];
-            sprintf(buf, "Strong references on RefBase %p (weakref_type %p):\n", mBase, this);
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
+                     "Strong references on RefBase %p (weakref_type %p):\n",
+                     mBase, this);
             text.append(buf);
             printRefsLocked(&text, mStrongRefs);
-            sprintf(buf, "Weak references on RefBase %p (weakref_type %p):\n", mBase, this);
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
+                     "Weak references on RefBase %p (weakref_type %p):\n",
+                     mBase, this);
             text.append(buf);
             printRefsLocked(&text, mWeakRefs);
         }
 
         {
             char name[100];
-            snprintf(name, 100, DEBUG_REFS_CALLSTACK_PATH "/%p.stack", this);
+            snprintf(name, sizeof(name), DEBUG_REFS_CALLSTACK_PATH "/%p.stack",
+                     this);
             int rc = open(name, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_APPEND, 644);
             if (rc >= 0) {
                 write(rc, text.string(), text.length());
@@ -293,8 +298,8 @@
         char buf[128];
         while (refs) {
             char inc = refs->ref >= 0 ? '+' : '-';
-            sprintf(buf, "\t%c ID %p (ref %d):\n", 
-                    inc, refs->id, refs->ref);
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\t%c ID %p (ref %d):\n",
+                     inc, refs->id, refs->ref);
             out->append(buf);
 #if DEBUG_REFS_CALLSTACK_ENABLED
             out->append(refs->stack.toString("\t\t"));
diff --git a/libutils/String16.cpp b/libutils/String16.cpp
index 6a5273f..87eda1b 100644
--- a/libutils/String16.cpp
+++ b/libutils/String16.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <utils/Unicode.h>
-#include <utils/String8.h>
 #include <utils/threads.h>
 
 #include <memory.h>
@@ -77,7 +76,7 @@
         //printf("Created UTF-16 string from UTF-8 \"%s\":", in);
         //printHexData(1, str, buf->size(), 16, 1);
         //printf("\n");
-        
+
         return u16str;
     }
 
@@ -127,7 +126,7 @@
         mString = str;
         return;
     }
-    
+
     mString = getEmptyString();
 }
 
@@ -142,7 +141,7 @@
         mString = str;
         return;
     }
-    
+
     mString = getEmptyString();
 }
 
@@ -228,7 +227,7 @@
     } else if (otherLen == 0) {
         return NO_ERROR;
     }
-    
+
     SharedBuffer* buf = SharedBuffer::bufferFromData(mString)
         ->editResize((myLen+otherLen+1)*sizeof(char16_t));
     if (buf) {
@@ -249,7 +248,7 @@
     } else if (otherLen == 0) {
         return NO_ERROR;
     }
-    
+
     SharedBuffer* buf = SharedBuffer::bufferFromData(mString)
         ->editResize((myLen+otherLen+1)*sizeof(char16_t));
     if (buf) {
diff --git a/libutils/String8.cpp b/libutils/String8.cpp
index 771d312..ad45282 100644
--- a/libutils/String8.cpp
+++ b/libutils/String8.cpp
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@
 status_t String8::real_append(const char* other, size_t otherLen)
 {
     const size_t myLen = bytes();
-    
+
     SharedBuffer* buf = SharedBuffer::bufferFromData(mString)
         ->editResize(myLen+otherLen+1);
     if (buf) {
diff --git a/libutils/SystemClock.cpp b/libutils/SystemClock.cpp
index 1fca2b2..c5ae327 100644
--- a/libutils/SystemClock.cpp
+++ b/libutils/SystemClock.cpp
@@ -56,66 +56,12 @@
 	return nanoseconds_to_milliseconds(elapsedRealtimeNano());
 }
 
-#define METHOD_CLOCK_GETTIME    0
-#define METHOD_IOCTL            1
-#define METHOD_SYSTEMTIME       2
-
-/*
- * To debug/verify the timestamps returned by the kernel, change
- * DEBUG_TIMESTAMP to 1 and call the timestamp routine from a single thread
- * in the test program. b/10899829
- */
-#define DEBUG_TIMESTAMP         0
-
-#if DEBUG_TIMESTAMP && defined(__arm__)
-static inline void checkTimeStamps(int64_t timestamp,
-                                   int64_t volatile *prevTimestampPtr,
-                                   int volatile *prevMethodPtr,
-                                   int curMethod)
-{
-    /*
-     * Disable the check for SDK since the prebuilt toolchain doesn't contain
-     * gettid, and int64_t is different on the ARM platform
-     * (ie long vs long long).
-     */
-    int64_t prevTimestamp = *prevTimestampPtr;
-    int prevMethod = *prevMethodPtr;
-
-    if (timestamp < prevTimestamp) {
-        static const char *gettime_method_names[] = {
-            "clock_gettime",
-            "ioctl",
-            "systemTime",
-        };
-
-        ALOGW("time going backwards: prev %lld(%s) vs now %lld(%s), tid=%d",
-              prevTimestamp, gettime_method_names[prevMethod],
-              timestamp, gettime_method_names[curMethod],
-              gettid());
-    }
-    // NOTE - not atomic and may generate spurious warnings if the 64-bit
-    // write is interrupted or not observed as a whole.
-    *prevTimestampPtr = timestamp;
-    *prevMethodPtr = curMethod;
-}
-#else
-#define checkTimeStamps(timestamp, prevTimestampPtr, prevMethodPtr, curMethod)
-#endif
-
 /*
  * native public static long elapsedRealtimeNano();
  */
 int64_t elapsedRealtimeNano()
 {
 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
-    struct timespec ts;
-    int result;
-    int64_t timestamp;
-#if DEBUG_TIMESTAMP
-    static volatile int64_t prevTimestamp;
-    static volatile int prevMethod;
-#endif
-
     static int s_fd = -1;
 
     if (s_fd == -1) {
@@ -125,31 +71,20 @@
         }
     }
 
-    result = ioctl(s_fd,
-            ANDROID_ALARM_GET_TIME(ANDROID_ALARM_ELAPSED_REALTIME), &ts);
-
-    if (result == 0) {
-        timestamp = seconds_to_nanoseconds(ts.tv_sec) + ts.tv_nsec;
-        checkTimeStamps(timestamp, &prevTimestamp, &prevMethod, METHOD_IOCTL);
-        return timestamp;
+    struct timespec ts;
+    if (ioctl(s_fd, ANDROID_ALARM_GET_TIME(ANDROID_ALARM_ELAPSED_REALTIME), &ts) == 0) {
+        return seconds_to_nanoseconds(ts.tv_sec) + ts.tv_nsec;
     }
 
     // /dev/alarm doesn't exist, fallback to CLOCK_BOOTTIME
-    result = clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &ts);
-    if (result == 0) {
-        timestamp = seconds_to_nanoseconds(ts.tv_sec) + ts.tv_nsec;
-        checkTimeStamps(timestamp, &prevTimestamp, &prevMethod,
-                        METHOD_CLOCK_GETTIME);
-        return timestamp;
+    if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &ts) == 0) {
+        return seconds_to_nanoseconds(ts.tv_sec) + ts.tv_nsec;
     }
 
     // XXX: there was an error, probably because the driver didn't
     // exist ... this should return
     // a real error, like an exception!
-    timestamp = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
-    checkTimeStamps(timestamp, &prevTimestamp, &prevMethod,
-                    METHOD_SYSTEMTIME);
-    return timestamp;
+    return systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
 #else
     return systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
 #endif
diff --git a/libutils/tests/Vector_test.cpp b/libutils/tests/Vector_test.cpp
index d9b32f9..24ecf86 100644
--- a/libutils/tests/Vector_test.cpp
+++ b/libutils/tests/Vector_test.cpp
@@ -89,9 +89,9 @@
   vector.add(4);
 
   vector.setCapacity(8);
-  ASSERT_EQ(8, vector.capacity());
+  ASSERT_EQ(8U, vector.capacity());
   vector.setCapacity(2);
-  ASSERT_EQ(8, vector.capacity());
+  ASSERT_EQ(8U, vector.capacity());
 }
 
 // NOTE: All of the tests below are useless because of the "TODO" above.
diff --git a/libziparchive/zip_archive_stream_entry.cc b/libziparchive/zip_archive_stream_entry.cc
index f618835..4b205a7 100644
--- a/libziparchive/zip_archive_stream_entry.cc
+++ b/libziparchive/zip_archive_stream_entry.cc
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@
 
 class ZipArchiveStreamEntryUncompressed : public ZipArchiveStreamEntry {
  public:
-  ZipArchiveStreamEntryUncompressed(ZipArchiveHandle handle) : ZipArchiveStreamEntry(handle) {}
+  explicit ZipArchiveStreamEntryUncompressed(ZipArchiveHandle handle)
+      : ZipArchiveStreamEntry(handle) {}
   virtual ~ZipArchiveStreamEntryUncompressed() {}
 
   const std::vector<uint8_t>* Read() override;
@@ -110,7 +111,8 @@
 
 class ZipArchiveStreamEntryCompressed : public ZipArchiveStreamEntry {
  public:
-  ZipArchiveStreamEntryCompressed(ZipArchiveHandle handle) : ZipArchiveStreamEntry(handle) {}
+  explicit ZipArchiveStreamEntryCompressed(ZipArchiveHandle handle)
+      : ZipArchiveStreamEntry(handle) {}
   virtual ~ZipArchiveStreamEntryCompressed();
 
   const std::vector<uint8_t>* Read() override;
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@
 
 class ZipArchiveStreamEntryRawCompressed : public ZipArchiveStreamEntryUncompressed {
  public:
-  ZipArchiveStreamEntryRawCompressed(ZipArchiveHandle handle)
+  explicit ZipArchiveStreamEntryRawCompressed(ZipArchiveHandle handle)
       : ZipArchiveStreamEntryUncompressed(handle) {}
   virtual ~ZipArchiveStreamEntryRawCompressed() {}
 
diff --git a/logcat/logcat.cpp b/logcat/logcat.cpp
index 37f4f4f..52f49cc 100644
--- a/logcat/logcat.cpp
+++ b/logcat/logcat.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <cutils/sched_policy.h>
 #include <cutils/sockets.h>
 #include <log/event_tag_map.h>
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@
 #include <log/logd.h>
 #include <log/logger.h>
 #include <log/logprint.h>
-#include <utils/threads.h>
+#include <system/thread_defs.h>
 
 #include <pcrecpp.h>
 
@@ -278,66 +279,68 @@
     fprintf(stderr,"Usage: %s [options] [filterspecs]\n", cmd);
 
     fprintf(stderr, "options include:\n"
-                    "  -s              Set default filter to silent.\n"
-                    "                  Like specifying filterspec '*:S'\n"
-                    "  -f <filename>   Log to file. Default is stdout\n"
-                    "  --file=<filename>\n"
-                    "  -r <kbytes>     Rotate log every kbytes. Requires -f\n"
-                    "  --rotate-kbytes=<kbytes>\n"
-                    "  -n <count>      Sets max number of rotated logs to <count>, default 4\n"
-                    "  --rotate-count=<count>\n"
-                    "  -v <format>     Sets the log print format, where <format> is:\n"
-                    "  --format=<format>\n"
-                    "                      brief color epoch long monotonic printable process raw\n"
-                    "                      tag thread threadtime time uid usec UTC year zone\n\n"
-                    "  -D              print dividers between each log buffer\n"
-                    "  --dividers\n"
-                    "  -c              clear (flush) the entire log and exit\n"
-                    "  --clear\n"
-                    "  -d              dump the log and then exit (don't block)\n"
-                    "  -e <expr>       only print lines where the log message matches <expr>\n"
-                    "  --regex <expr>  where <expr> is a regular expression\n"
-                    "  -m <count>      quit after printing <count> lines. This is meant to be\n"
-                    "  --max-count=<count> paired with --regex, but will work on its own.\n"
-                    "  --print         paired with --regex and --max-count to let content bypass\n"
+                    "  -s              Set default filter to silent. Equivalent to filterspec '*:S'\n"
+                    "  -f <file>, --file=<file>               Log to file. Default is stdout\n"
+                    "  -r <kbytes>, --rotate-kbytes=<kbytes>  Rotate log every kbytes. Requires -f\n"
+                    "                  option. Permits property expansion.\n"
+                    "  -n <count>, --rotate-count=<count>     Sets max number of rotated logs to\n"
+                    "                  <count>, default 4. Permits property expansion.\n"
+                    "  -v <format>, --format=<format>\n"
+                    "                  Sets the log print format, where <format> is:\n"
+                    "                    brief color epoch long monotonic printable process raw\n"
+                    "                    tag thread threadtime time uid usec UTC year zone\n"
+                    "  -D, --dividers  Print dividers between each log buffer\n"
+                    "  -c, --clear     Clear (flush) the entire log and exit\n"
+                    "  -d              Dump the log and then exit (don't block)\n"
+                    "  -e <expr>, --regex=<expr>\n"
+                    "                  Only print lines where the log message matches <expr>\n"
+                    "                  where <expr> is a regular expression\n"
+                    // Leave --head undocumented as alias for -m
+                    "  -m <count>, --max-count=<count>\n"
+                    "                  Quit after printing <count> lines. This is meant to be\n"
+                    "                  paired with --regex, but will work on its own.\n"
+                    "  --print         Paired with --regex and --max-count to let content bypass\n"
                     "                  regex filter but still stop at number of matches.\n"
-                    "  -t <count>      print only the most recent <count> lines (implies -d)\n"
-                    "  -t '<time>'     print most recent lines since specified time (implies -d)\n"
-                    "  -T <count>      print only the most recent <count> lines (does not imply -d)\n"
-                    "  -T '<time>'     print most recent lines since specified time (not imply -d)\n"
+                    // Leave --tail undocumented as alias for -t
+                    "  -t <count>      Print only the most recent <count> lines (implies -d)\n"
+                    "  -t '<time>'     Print most recent lines since specified time (implies -d)\n"
+                    "  -T <count>      Print only the most recent <count> lines (does not imply -d)\n"
+                    "  -T '<time>'     Print most recent lines since specified time (not imply -d)\n"
                     "                  count is pure numerical, time is 'MM-DD hh:mm:ss.mmm...'\n"
                     "                  'YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss.mmm...' or 'sssss.mmm...' format\n"
-                    "  -g              get the size of the log's ring buffer and exit\n"
-                    "  --buffer-size\n"
-                    "  -G <size>       set size of log ring buffer, may suffix with K or M.\n"
-                    "  --buffer-size=<size>\n"
-                    "  -L              dump logs from prior to last reboot\n"
-                    "  --last\n"
+                    "  -g, --buffer-size                      Get the size of the ring buffer.\n"
+                    "  -G <size>, --buffer-size=<size>\n"
+                    "                  Set size of log ring buffer, may suffix with K or M.\n"
+                    "  -L, -last       Dump logs from prior to last reboot\n"
                     // Leave security (Device Owner only installations) and
                     // kernel (userdebug and eng) buffers undocumented.
-                    "  -b <buffer>     Request alternate ring buffer, 'main', 'system', 'radio',\n"
-                    "  --buffer=<buffer> 'events', 'crash', 'default' or 'all'. Multiple -b\n"
-                    "                  parameters are allowed and results are interleaved. The\n"
-                    "                  default is -b main -b system -b crash.\n"
-                    "  -B              output the log in binary.\n"
-                    "  --binary\n"
-                    "  -S              output statistics.\n"
-                    "  --statistics\n"
-                    "  -p              print prune white and ~black list. Service is specified as\n"
-                    "  --prune         UID, UID/PID or /PID. Weighed for quicker pruning if prefix\n"
+                    "  -b <buffer>, --buffer=<buffer>         Request alternate ring buffer, 'main',\n"
+                    "                  'system', 'radio', 'events', 'crash', 'default' or 'all'.\n"
+                    "                  Multiple -b parameters or comma separated list of buffers are\n"
+                    "                  allowed. Buffers interleaved. Default -b main,system,crash.\n"
+                    "                  Permits property expansion.\n"
+                    "  -B, --binary    Output the log in binary.\n"
+                    "  -S, --statistics                       Output statistics.\n"
+                    "  -p, --prune     Print prune white and ~black list. Service is specified as\n"
+                    "                  UID, UID/PID or /PID. Weighed for quicker pruning if prefix\n"
                     "                  with ~, otherwise weighed for longevity if unadorned. All\n"
                     "                  other pruning activity is oldest first. Special case ~!\n"
                     "                  represents an automatic quicker pruning for the noisiest\n"
                     "                  UID as determined by the current statistics.\n"
-                    "  -P '<list> ...' set prune white and ~black list, using same format as\n"
-                    "  --prune='<list> ...'  printed above. Must be quoted.\n"
+                    "  -P '<list> ...', --prune='<list> ...'\n"
+                    "                  Set prune white and ~black list, using same format as\n"
+                    "                  listed above. Must be quoted.\n"
                     "  --pid=<pid>     Only prints logs from the given pid.\n"
-                    // Check ANDROID_LOG_WRAP_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT value
+                    // Check ANDROID_LOG_WRAP_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT value for match to 2 hours
                     "  --wrap          Sleep for 2 hours or when buffer about to wrap whichever\n"
                     "                  comes first. Improves efficiency of polling by providing\n"
                     "                  an about-to-wrap wakeup.\n");
 
-    fprintf(stderr,"\nfilterspecs are a series of \n"
+    fprintf(stderr,"\nProperty expansion where available, may need to be single quoted to prevent\n"
+                   "shell expansion:\n"
+                   "  ${key}          - Expand string with property value associated with key\n"
+                   "  ${key:-default} - Expand, if property key value clear, use default\n"
+                   "\nfilterspecs are a series of \n"
                    "  <tag>[:priority]\n\n"
                    "where <tag> is a log component tag (or * for all) and priority is:\n"
                    "  V    Verbose (default for <tag>)\n"
@@ -394,7 +397,7 @@
 }
 
 /*String to unsigned int, returns -1 if it fails*/
-static bool getSizeTArg(char *ptr, size_t *val, size_t min = 0,
+static bool getSizeTArg(const char *ptr, size_t *val, size_t min = 0,
                         size_t max = SIZE_MAX)
 {
     if (!ptr) {
@@ -535,6 +538,49 @@
     return retval;
 }
 
+// Expand multiple flat property references ${<tag>:-default} or ${tag}.
+//
+// ToDo: Do we permit nesting?
+//   ${persist.logcat.something:-${ro.logcat.something:-maybesomething}}
+// For now this will result in a syntax error for caller and is acceptable.
+//
+std::string expand(const char *str)
+{
+  std::string retval(str);
+
+  // Caller has no use for ${, } or :- as literals so no use for escape
+  // character. Result expectations are a number or a string, with validity
+  // checking for both in caller. Recursive expansion or other syntax errors
+  // will result in content caller can not obviously tolerate, error must
+  // report substring if applicable, expanded and original content (if
+  // different) so that it will be clear to user what they did wrong.
+  for (size_t pos; (pos = retval.find("${")) != std::string::npos; ) {
+    size_t epos = retval.find("}", pos + 2);
+    if (epos == std::string::npos) {
+      break; // Caller will error out, showing this unexpanded.
+    }
+    size_t def = retval.find(":-", pos + 2);
+    if (def >= epos) {
+      def = std::string::npos;
+    }
+    std::string default_value("");
+    std::string key;
+    if (def == std::string::npos) {
+      key = retval.substr(pos + 2, epos - (pos + 2));
+    } else {
+      key = retval.substr(pos + 2, def - (pos + 2));
+      default_value = retval.substr(def + 2, epos - (def + 2));
+    }
+    char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+    property_get(key.c_str(), value, default_value.c_str());
+    // Caller will error out, syntactically empty content at this point
+    // will not be tolerated as expected.
+    retval.replace(pos, epos - pos + 1, value);
+  }
+
+  return retval;
+}
+
 } /* namespace android */
 
 
@@ -765,111 +811,75 @@
             break;
 
             case 'b': {
-                if (strcmp(optarg, "default") == 0) {
-                    for (int i = LOG_ID_MIN; i < LOG_ID_MAX; ++i) {
-                        switch (i) {
-                        case LOG_ID_SECURITY:
-                        case LOG_ID_EVENTS:
-                            continue;
-                        case LOG_ID_MAIN:
-                        case LOG_ID_SYSTEM:
-                        case LOG_ID_CRASH:
-                            break;
-                        default:
-                            continue;
-                        }
+                unsigned idMask = 0;
+                std::string expanded = expand(optarg);
+                std::istringstream copy(expanded);
+                std::string token;
+                // wish for strtok and ",:; \t\n\r\f" for hidden flexibility
+                while (std::getline(copy, token, ',')) { // settle for ","
+                    if (token.compare("default") == 0) {
+                        idMask |= (1 << LOG_ID_MAIN) |
+                                  (1 << LOG_ID_SYSTEM) |
+                                  (1 << LOG_ID_CRASH);
+                    } else if (token.compare("all") == 0) {
+                        idMask = (unsigned)-1;
+                    } else {
+                        log_id_t log_id = android_name_to_log_id(token.c_str());
+                        const char *name = android_log_id_to_name(log_id);
 
-                        const char *name = android_log_id_to_name((log_id_t)i);
-                        log_id_t log_id = android_name_to_log_id(name);
-
-                        if (log_id != (log_id_t)i) {
-                            continue;
-                        }
-
-                        bool found = false;
-                        for (dev = devices; dev; dev = dev->next) {
-                            if (!strcmp(optarg, dev->device)) {
-                                found = true;
-                                break;
+                        if (token.compare(name) != 0) {
+                            bool strDifferent = expanded.compare(token);
+                            if (expanded.compare(optarg)) {
+                                expanded += " expanded from ";
+                                expanded += optarg;
                             }
-                            if (!dev->next) {
-                                break;
+                            if (strDifferent) {
+                                expanded = token + " within " + expanded;
                             }
+                            logcat_panic(true, "unknown buffer -b %s\n",
+                                         expanded.c_str());
                         }
-                        if (found) {
-                            break;
-                        }
-
-                        log_device_t* d = new log_device_t(name, false);
-
-                        if (dev) {
-                            dev->next = d;
-                            dev = d;
-                        } else {
-                            devices = dev = d;
-                        }
-                        g_devCount++;
+                        idMask |= (1 << log_id);
                     }
-                    break;
                 }
 
-                if (strcmp(optarg, "all") == 0) {
-                    for (int i = LOG_ID_MIN; i < LOG_ID_MAX; ++i) {
-                        const char *name = android_log_id_to_name((log_id_t)i);
-                        log_id_t log_id = android_name_to_log_id(name);
+                for (int i = LOG_ID_MIN; i < LOG_ID_MAX; ++i) {
+                    const char *name = android_log_id_to_name((log_id_t)i);
+                    log_id_t log_id = android_name_to_log_id(name);
 
-                        if (log_id != (log_id_t)i) {
-                            continue;
-                        }
+                    if (log_id != (log_id_t)i) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if ((idMask & (1 << i)) == 0) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
 
-                        bool found = false;
-                        for (dev = devices; dev; dev = dev->next) {
-                            if (!strcmp(optarg, dev->device)) {
-                                found = true;
-                                break;
-                            }
-                            if (!dev->next) {
-                                break;
-                            }
-                        }
-                        if (found) {
+                    bool found = false;
+                    for (dev = devices; dev; dev = dev->next) {
+                        if (!strcmp(name, dev->device)) {
+                            found = true;
                             break;
                         }
-
-                        bool binary = !strcmp(name, "events") ||
-                                      !strcmp(name, "security");
-                        log_device_t* d = new log_device_t(name, binary);
-
-                        if (dev) {
-                            dev->next = d;
-                            dev = d;
-                        } else {
-                            devices = dev = d;
-                        }
-                        g_devCount++;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                bool binary = !(strcmp(optarg, "events") &&
-                                strcmp(optarg, "security"));
-
-                if (devices) {
-                    dev = devices;
-                    while (dev->next) {
-                        if (!strcmp(optarg, dev->device)) {
-                            dev = NULL;
+                        if (!dev->next) {
                             break;
                         }
-                        dev = dev->next;
                     }
+                    if (found) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    bool binary = !strcmp(name, "events") ||
+                                  !strcmp(name, "security");
+                    log_device_t* d = new log_device_t(name, binary);
+
                     if (dev) {
-                        dev->next = new log_device_t(optarg, binary);
+                        dev->next = d;
+                        dev = d;
+                    } else {
+                        devices = dev = d;
                     }
-                } else {
-                    devices = new log_device_t(optarg, binary);
+                    g_devCount++;
                 }
-                g_devCount++;
             }
             break;
 
@@ -885,22 +895,36 @@
                 g_outputFileName = optarg;
             break;
 
-            case 'r':
-                if (!getSizeTArg(optarg, &g_logRotateSizeKBytes, 1)) {
-                    logcat_panic(true, "Invalid parameter %s to -r\n", optarg);
+            case 'r': {
+                std::string expanded = expand(optarg);
+                if (!getSizeTArg(expanded.c_str(), &g_logRotateSizeKBytes, 1)) {
+                    if (expanded.compare(optarg)) {
+                        expanded += " expanded from ";
+                        expanded += optarg;
+                    }
+                    logcat_panic(true, "Invalid parameter -r %s\n",
+                                 expanded.c_str());
                 }
+            }
             break;
 
-            case 'n':
-                if (!getSizeTArg(optarg, &g_maxRotatedLogs, 1)) {
-                    logcat_panic(true, "Invalid parameter %s to -n\n", optarg);
+            case 'n': {
+                std::string expanded = expand(optarg);
+                if (!getSizeTArg(expanded.c_str(), &g_maxRotatedLogs, 1)) {
+                    if (expanded.compare(optarg)) {
+                        expanded += " expanded from ";
+                        expanded += optarg;
+                    }
+                    logcat_panic(true, "Invalid parameter -n %s\n",
+                                 expanded.c_str());
                 }
+            }
             break;
 
             case 'v':
                 err = setLogFormat (optarg);
                 if (err < 0) {
-                    logcat_panic(true, "Invalid parameter %s to -v\n", optarg);
+                    logcat_panic(true, "Invalid parameter -v %s\n", optarg);
                 }
                 hasSetLogFormat |= err;
             break;
diff --git a/logcat/logcatd.rc b/logcat/logcatd.rc
index cf0e0d2..70d1dd4 100644
--- a/logcat/logcatd.rc
+++ b/logcat/logcatd.rc
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
     # all exec/services are called with umask(077), so no gain beyond 0700
     mkdir /data/misc/logd 0700 logd log
     # logd for write to /data/misc/logd, log group for read from pstore (-L)
-    exec - logd log -- /system/bin/logcat -L -b all -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n 256
+    exec - logd log -- /system/bin/logcat -L -b ${persist.logd.logpersistd.buffer:-all} -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n ${persist.logd.logpersistd.size:-256}
     start logcatd
 
-service logcatd /system/bin/logcat -b all -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n 256
+service logcatd /system/bin/logcat -b ${persist.logd.logpersistd.buffer:-all} -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n ${persist.logd.logpersistd.size:-256}
     class late_start
     disabled
     # logd for write to /data/misc/logd, log group for read from log daemon
diff --git a/logcat/logpersist b/logcat/logpersist
index dab466d..e448456 100755
--- a/logcat/logpersist
+++ b/logcat/logpersist
@@ -1,42 +1,140 @@
 #! /system/bin/sh
-# logpersist cat start and stop handlers
+# logpersist cat, start and stop handlers
 progname="${0##*/}"
-case `getprop ro.build.type` in
-userdebug|eng) ;;
+case `getprop ro.debuggable` in
+1) ;;
 *) echo "${progname} - Permission denied"
    exit 1
    ;;
 esac
+
 data=/data/misc/logd
 property=persist.logd.logpersistd
 service=logcatd
-if [ X"${1}" = X"-h" -o X"${1}" = X"--help" ]; then
-  echo "${progname%.*}.cat            - dump current ${service%d} logs"
-  echo "${progname%.*}.start          - start ${service} service"
-  echo "${progname%.*}.stop [--clear] - stop ${service} service"
-  exit 0
+size_default=256
+buffer_default=all
+args="${@}"
+
+size=${size_default}
+buffer=${buffer_default}
+clear=false
+while [ ${#} -gt 0 ]; do
+  case ${1} in
+    -c|--clear) clear=true ;;
+    --size=*) size="${1#--size=}" ;;
+    --rotate-count=*) size="${1#--rotate-count=}" ;;
+    -n|--size|--rotate-count) size="${2}" ; shift ;;
+    --buffer=*) buffer="${1#--buffer=}" ;;
+    -b|--buffer) buffer="${2}" ; shift ;;
+    -h|--help|*)
+      LEAD_SPACE_="`echo ${progname%.*} | tr '[ -~]' ' '`"
+      echo "${progname%.*}.cat             - dump current ${service%d} logs"
+      echo "${progname%.*}.start [--size=<size_in_kb>] [--buffer=<buffers>] [--clear]"
+      echo "${LEAD_SPACE_}                 - start ${service} service"
+      echo "${progname%.*}.stop [--clear]  - stop ${service} service"
+      case ${1} in
+        -h|--help) exit 0 ;;
+        *) echo ERROR: bad argument ${@} >&2 ; exit 1 ;;
+      esac
+      ;;
+  esac
+  shift
+done
+
+if [ -z "${size}" -o "${size_default}" = "${size}" ]; then
+  unset size
 fi
+if [ -n "${size}" ] &&
+  ! ( [ 0 -lt "${size}" ] && [ 2048 -ge "${size}" ] ) >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  echo ERROR: Invalid --size ${size} >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+if [ -z "${buffer}" -o "${buffer_default}" = "${buffer}" ]; then
+  unset buffer
+fi
+if [ -n "${buffer}" ] && ! logcat -b ${buffer} -g >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  echo ERROR: Invalid --buffer ${buffer} >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
 case ${progname} in
 *.cat)
-  su 1036 ls "${data}" |
+  if [ -n "${size}${buffer}" -o "true" = "${clear}" ]; then
+    echo WARNING: Can not use --clear, --size or --buffer with ${progname%.*}.cat >&2
+  fi
+  su logd ls "${data}" |
   tr -d '\r' |
   sort -ru |
   sed "s#^#${data}/#" |
-  su 1036 xargs cat
+  su logd xargs cat
   ;;
 *.start)
-  su 0 setprop ${property} ${service}
+  current_buffer="`getprop ${property}.buffer`"
+  current_size="`getprop ${property}.size`"
+  if [ "${service}" = "`getprop ${property}`" ]; then
+    if [ "true" = "${clear}" ]; then
+      su root stop ${service}
+      su root setprop ${property} ""
+      # 20ms done, guarantees content stop before rm
+      sleep 1
+    elif [ "${buffer}|${size}" != "${current_buffer}|${current_size}" ]; then
+      echo   "ERROR: Changing existing collection parameters from" >&2
+      if [ "${buffer}" != "${current_buffer}" ]; then
+        a=${current_buffer}
+        b=${buffer}
+        if [ -z "${a}" ]; then a="${default_buffer}"; fi
+        if [ -z "${b}" ]; then b="${default_buffer}"; fi
+        echo "           --buffer ${a} to ${b}" >&2
+      fi
+      if [ "${size}" != "${current_size}" ]; then
+        a=${current_size}
+        b=${size}
+        if [ -z "${a}" ]; then a="${default_size}"; fi
+        if [ -z "${b}" ]; then b="${default_size}"; fi
+        echo "           --size ${a} to ${b}" >&2
+      fi
+      echo   "       Are you sure you want to do this?" >&2
+      echo   "       Suggest add --clear to erase data and restart with new settings." >&2
+      echo   "       To blindly override and retain data, ${progname%.*}.stop first." >&2
+      exit 1
+    fi
+  fi
+  if [ "true" = "${clear}" ]; then
+    su logd,misc rm -rf "${data}"
+  fi
+  if [ -n "${buffer}${current_buffer}" ]; then
+    su root setprop ${property}.buffer "${buffer}"
+  fi
+  if [ -n "${size}${current_size}" ]; then
+    su root setprop ${property}.size "${size}"
+  fi
+  # ${service}.rc does the heavy lifting with the following trigger
+  su root setprop ${property} ${service}
   getprop ${property}
+  # 20ms done, to permit process feedback check
   sleep 1
+  # also generate an error return code if not found running, bonus
   ps -t | grep "${data##*/}.*${service%d}"
   ;;
 *.stop)
-  su 0 stop ${service}
-  su 0 setprop ${property} ""
-  [ X"${1}" != X"-c" -a X"${1}" != X"--clear" ] ||
-  ( sleep 1 ; su 1036,9998 rm -rf "${data}" )
+  if [ -n "${size}${buffer}" ]; then
+    echo "WARNING: Can not use --size or --buffer with ${progname%.*}.stop" >&2
+  fi
+  su root stop ${service}
+  su root setprop ${property} ""
+  if [ -n "`getprop ${property}.buffer`" ]; then
+    su root setprop ${property}.buffer ""
+  fi
+  if [ -n "`getprop ${property}.size`" ]; then
+    su root setprop ${property}.size ""
+  fi
+  if [ "true" = "${clear}" ]; then
+    # 20ms done, guarantees content stop before rm
+    sleep 1
+    su logd,misc rm -rf "${data}"
+  fi
   ;;
 *)
-  echo "Unexpected command ${0##*/} ${@}" >&2
+  echo "ERROR: Unexpected command ${0##*/} ${args}" >&2
   exit 1
 esac
diff --git a/logcat/tests/Android.mk b/logcat/tests/Android.mk
index a28664e..3bf8a0b 100644
--- a/logcat/tests/Android.mk
+++ b/logcat/tests/Android.mk
@@ -56,6 +56,6 @@
 LOCAL_MODULE := $(test_module_prefix)unit-tests
 LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := $(test_tags)
 LOCAL_CFLAGS += $(test_c_flags)
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog
+LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog libcutils
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(test_src_files)
 include $(BUILD_NATIVE_TEST)
diff --git a/logcat/tests/logcat_benchmark.cpp b/logcat/tests/logcat_benchmark.cpp
index be815be..dd85164 100644
--- a/logcat/tests/logcat_benchmark.cpp
+++ b/logcat/tests/logcat_benchmark.cpp
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
             }
         }
 
-        timestamp(const char *buffer)
+        explicit timestamp(const char *buffer)
         {
             init(buffer);
         }
diff --git a/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp b/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp
index dfcca12..920d504 100644
--- a/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp
+++ b/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp
@@ -23,11 +23,16 @@
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 
+#include <memory>
+
+#include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <log/logger.h>
 #include <log/log_read.h>
 
+#define BIG_BUFFER (5 * 1024)
+
 // enhanced version of LOG_FAILURE_RETRY to add support for EAGAIN and
 // non-syscall libs. Since we are only using this in the emergency of
 // a signal to stuff a terminating code into the logs, we will spin rather
@@ -52,7 +57,7 @@
       "logcat -b radio -b events -b system -b main -d 2>/dev/null",
       "r")));
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     int ids = 0;
     int count = 0;
@@ -100,7 +105,7 @@
       "logcat -v long -v year -b all -t 3 2>/dev/null",
       "r")));
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     int count = 0;
 
@@ -163,7 +168,7 @@
           "logcat -v long -v America/Los_Angeles -b all -t 3 2>/dev/null",
           "r")));
 
-        char buffer[5120];
+        char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
         count = 0;
 
@@ -187,7 +192,7 @@
       "logcat -v long -v America/Los_Angeles -v zone -b all -t 3 2>/dev/null",
       "r")));
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     int count = 0;
 
@@ -207,7 +212,7 @@
     int count;
 
     do {
-        char buffer[5120];
+        char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
         snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
           "logcat -v long -b radio -b events -b system -b main -t %d 2>/dev/null",
@@ -250,7 +255,7 @@
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != (fp = popen("logcat -v long -b all -t 10 2>&1", "r")));
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
     char *last_timestamp = NULL;
     char *first_timestamp = NULL;
     int count = 0;
@@ -313,7 +318,7 @@
       "logcat -v brief -b events -t 100 2>/dev/null",
       "r")));
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     int count = 0;
 
@@ -337,15 +342,17 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(1, count);
 }
 
-TEST(logcat, get_size) {
+int get_groups(const char *cmd) {
     FILE *fp;
 
     // NB: crash log only available in user space
-    ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != (fp = popen(
-      "logcat -v brief -b radio -b events -b system -b main -g 2>/dev/null",
-      "r")));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(NULL != (fp = popen(cmd, "r")));
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    if (fp == NULL) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     int count = 0;
 
@@ -405,7 +412,31 @@
 
     pclose(fp);
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(4, count);
+    return count;
+}
+
+TEST(logcat, get_size) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(4, get_groups(
+      "logcat -v brief -b radio -b events -b system -b main -g 2>/dev/null"));
+}
+
+// duplicate test for get_size, but use comma-separated list of buffers
+TEST(logcat, multiple_buffer) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(4, get_groups(
+      "logcat -v brief -b radio,events,system,main -g 2>/dev/null"));
+}
+
+// duplicate test for get_size, but use test.logcat.buffer property
+TEST(logcat, property_expand) {
+    property_set("test.logcat.buffer", "radio,events");
+    EXPECT_EQ(4, get_groups(
+      "logcat -v brief -b 'system,${test.logcat.buffer:-bogo},main' -g 2>/dev/null"));
+    property_set("test.logcat.buffer", "");
+}
+
+TEST(logcat, bad_buffer) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, get_groups(
+      "logcat -v brief -b radio,events,bogo,system,main -g 2>/dev/null"));
 }
 
 static void caught_blocking(int /*signum*/)
@@ -434,7 +465,7 @@
       " logcat -v brief -b events 2>&1",
       "r")));
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     int count = 0;
 
@@ -503,7 +534,7 @@
       " logcat -v brief -b events -T 5 2>&1",
       "r")));
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     int count = 0;
 
@@ -566,7 +597,7 @@
         FILE *fp;
         EXPECT_TRUE(NULL != (fp = popen(command, "r")));
         if (fp) {
-            char buffer[5120];
+            char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
             int count = 0;
 
             while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp)) {
@@ -609,7 +640,7 @@
 
         FILE *fp;
         EXPECT_TRUE(NULL != (fp = popen(command, "r")));
-        char buffer[5120];
+        char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
         int log_file_count = 0;
 
         while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp)) {
@@ -704,8 +735,8 @@
         EXPECT_FALSE(system(command));
         return;
     }
-    DIR *dir;
-    EXPECT_TRUE(NULL != (dir = opendir(tmp_out_dir)));
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(tmp_out_dir), closedir);
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, dir);
     if (!dir) {
         snprintf(command, sizeof(command), cleanup_cmd, tmp_out_dir);
         EXPECT_FALSE(system(command));
@@ -713,7 +744,7 @@
     }
     struct dirent *entry;
     unsigned count = 0;
-    while ((entry = readdir(dir))) {
+    while ((entry = readdir(dir.get()))) {
         if (strncmp(entry->d_name, log_filename, sizeof(log_filename) - 1)) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -736,7 +767,6 @@
         free(line);
         unlink(command);
     }
-    closedir(dir);
     if (count > 1) {
         char *brk = strpbrk(second_last_line, "\r\n");
         if (!brk) {
@@ -780,12 +810,14 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != (fp = popen(
       "( trap exit HUP QUIT INT PIPE KILL ; sleep 6; echo DONE )&"
       " logcat -b events -c 2>&1 ;"
+      " logcat -b events -g 2>&1 ;"
       " logcat -v brief -b events 2>&1",
       "r")));
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     int count = 0;
+    int minus_g = 0;
 
     int signals = 0;
 
@@ -803,6 +835,50 @@
             break;
         }
 
+        int size, consumed, max, payload;
+        char size_mult[3], consumed_mult[3];
+        size = consumed = max = payload = 0;
+        if (6 == sscanf(buffer, "events: ring buffer is %d%2s (%d%2s consumed),"
+                                " max entry is %db, max payload is %db",
+                                &size, size_mult, &consumed, consumed_mult,
+                                &max, &payload)) {
+            long full_size = size, full_consumed = consumed;
+
+            switch(size_mult[0]) {
+            case 'G':
+                full_size *= 1024;
+                /* FALLTHRU */
+            case 'M':
+                full_size *= 1024;
+                /* FALLTHRU */
+            case 'K':
+                full_size *= 1024;
+                /* FALLTHRU */
+            case 'b':
+                break;
+            }
+            switch(consumed_mult[0]) {
+            case 'G':
+                full_consumed *= 1024;
+                /* FALLTHRU */
+            case 'M':
+                full_consumed *= 1024;
+                /* FALLTHRU */
+            case 'K':
+                full_consumed *= 1024;
+                /* FALLTHRU */
+            case 'b':
+                break;
+            }
+            EXPECT_GT(full_size, full_consumed);
+            EXPECT_GT(full_size, max);
+            EXPECT_GT(max, payload);
+            EXPECT_GT(max, full_consumed);
+
+            ++minus_g;
+            continue;
+        }
+
         ++count;
 
         int p;
@@ -831,6 +907,7 @@
     pclose(fp);
 
     EXPECT_LE(1, count);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, minus_g);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(1, signals);
 }
@@ -844,7 +921,7 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp)) {
         char *hold = *list;
@@ -873,7 +950,7 @@
 static bool set_white_black(const char *list) {
     FILE *fp;
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "logcat -P '%s' 2>&1", list ? list : "");
     fp = popen(buffer, "r");
@@ -935,7 +1012,7 @@
     FILE *fp;
     int count = 0;
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "logcat --pid %d -d -e logcat_test_a+b", getpid());
 
@@ -968,7 +1045,7 @@
     FILE *fp;
     int count = 0;
 
-    char buffer[5120];
+    char buffer[BIG_BUFFER];
 
     snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "logcat --pid %d -d --max-count 3", getpid());
 
diff --git a/logd/LogAudit.cpp b/logd/LogAudit.cpp
index 9124bfd..4eb5e83 100644
--- a/logd/LogAudit.cpp
+++ b/logd/LogAudit.cpp
@@ -164,6 +164,10 @@
         }
     }
 
+    // Note: The audit log can include untrusted strings, but those containing
+    // "a control character, unprintable character, double quote mark, or a
+    // space" are hex encoded. The space character before the search term is
+    // therefore needed to prevent denial of service. Do not remove the space.
     bool permissive = strstr(str, " enforcing=0") ||
                       strstr(str, " permissive=1");
 
diff --git a/logd/LogBuffer.cpp b/logd/LogBuffer.cpp
index 8c30f79..db65978 100644
--- a/logd/LogBuffer.cpp
+++ b/logd/LogBuffer.cpp
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@
             tid(tid),
             padding(0) {
     }
-    LogBufferElementKey(uint64_t key):value(key) { }
+    explicit LogBufferElementKey(uint64_t key):value(key) { }
 
     uint64_t getKey() { return value; }
 };
diff --git a/logd/LogStatistics.cpp b/logd/LogStatistics.cpp
index 2b02bc1..02a4a75 100644
--- a/logd/LogStatistics.cpp
+++ b/logd/LogStatistics.cpp
@@ -15,8 +15,10 @@
  */
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <log/logger.h>
@@ -159,14 +161,13 @@
         return strdup("auditd");
     }
 
-    // Android hard coded
-    const struct android_id_info *info = android_ids;
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < android_id_count; ++i) {
-        if (info->aid == uid) {
-            return strdup(info->name);
+    // Android system
+    if (uid < AID_APP) {
+        // in bionic, thread safe as long as we copy the results
+        struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(uid);
+        if (pwd) {
+            return strdup(pwd->pw_name);
         }
-        ++info;
     }
 
     // Parse /data/system/packages.list
@@ -179,6 +180,14 @@
         return name;
     }
 
+    // Android application
+    if (uid >= AID_APP) {
+        struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(uid);
+        if (pwd) {
+            return strdup(pwd->pw_name);
+        }
+    }
+
     // report uid -> pid(s) -> pidToName if unique
     for(pidTable_t::const_iterator it = pidTable.begin(); it != pidTable.end(); ++it) {
         const PidEntry &entry = it->second;
diff --git a/logd/LogUtils.h b/logd/LogUtils.h
index fd4800e..aa4b6e1 100644
--- a/logd/LogUtils.h
+++ b/logd/LogUtils.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #ifndef _LOGD_LOG_UTILS_H__
 #define _LOGD_LOG_UTILS_H__
 
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
 #include <log/log.h>
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@
 
 // Furnished in main.cpp. Caller must own and free returned value
 char *uidToName(uid_t uid);
+void prdebug(const char *fmt, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
 
 // Furnished in LogStatistics.cpp. Caller must own and free returned value
 char *pidToName(pid_t pid);
diff --git a/logd/README.property b/logd/README.property
index 6c84b25..4bc5541 100644
--- a/logd/README.property
+++ b/logd/README.property
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 ro.device_owner            bool   false  Override persist.logd.security to false
 ro.logd.kernel             bool+ svelte+ Enable klogd daemon
 ro.logd.statistics         bool+ svelte+ Enable logcat -S statistics.
-ro.build.type              string        if user, logd.statistics &
+ro.debuggable              number        if not "1", logd.statistics &
                                          ro.logd.kernel default false.
 persist.logd.logpersistd   string        Enable logpersist daemon, "logcatd"
                                          turns on logcat -f in logd context
@@ -45,10 +45,10 @@
 
 NB:
 - bool+ - "true", "false" and comma separated list of "eng" (forced false if
-  ro.build.type is "user") or "svelte" (forced false if ro.config.low_ram is
+  ro.debuggable is not "1") or "svelte" (forced false if ro.config.low_ram is
   true).
 - svelte - see ro.config.low_ram for details.
-- svelte+ - see ro.config.low_ram and ro.build.type for details.
+- svelte+ - see ro.config.low_ram and ro.debuggable for details.
 - ro - <base property> temporary override, ro.<base property> platform default.
 - persist - <base property> override, persist.<base property> platform default.
 - build - VERBOSE for native, DEBUG for jvm isLoggable, or developer option.
diff --git a/logd/main.cpp b/logd/main.cpp
index 11c9372..3095f7f 100644
--- a/logd/main.cpp
+++ b/logd/main.cpp
@@ -202,8 +202,8 @@
         return false;
     }
     if (flag & BOOL_DEFAULT_FLAG_ENG) {
-        property_get("ro.build.type", property, "");
-        if (!strcmp(property, "user")) {
+        property_get("ro.debuggable", property, "");
+        if (strcmp(property, "1")) {
             return false;
         }
     }
@@ -211,10 +211,32 @@
     return (flag & BOOL_DEFAULT_FLAG_TRUE_FALSE) != BOOL_DEFAULT_FALSE;
 }
 
-// Remove the static, and use this variable
-// globally for debugging if necessary. eg:
-//   write(fdDmesg, "I am here\n", 10);
 static int fdDmesg = -1;
+void inline android::prdebug(const char *fmt, ...) {
+    if (fdDmesg < 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    static const char message[] = {
+        KMSG_PRIORITY(LOG_DEBUG), 'l', 'o', 'g', 'd', ':', ' '
+    };
+    char buffer[256];
+    memcpy(buffer, message, sizeof(message));
+
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    int n = vsnprintf(buffer + sizeof(message),
+                      sizeof(buffer) - sizeof(message), fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    if (n > 0) {
+        buffer[sizeof(buffer) - 1] = '\0';
+        if (!strchr(buffer, '\n')) {
+            buffer[sizeof(buffer) - 2] = '\0';
+            strlcat(buffer, "\n", sizeof(buffer));
+        }
+        write(fdDmesg, buffer, strlen(buffer));
+    }
+}
 
 static sem_t uidName;
 static uid_t uid;
diff --git a/logwrapper/logwrap.c b/logwrapper/logwrap.c
index 28d6de7..ccbe0bf 100644
--- a/logwrapper/logwrap.c
+++ b/logwrapper/logwrap.c
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@
         if (poll_fds[0].revents & POLLHUP) {
             int ret;
 
-            ret = waitpid(pid, &status, WNOHANG);
+            ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(pid, &status, 0));
             if (ret < 0) {
                 rc = errno;
                 ALOG(LOG_ERROR, "logwrap", "waitpid failed with %s\n", strerror(errno));
diff --git a/metricsd/.clang-format b/metricsd/.clang-format
deleted file mode 100644
index c98efc2..0000000
--- a/metricsd/.clang-format
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-BasedOnStyle: Google
-AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: Inline
-AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false
-AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: false
-BinPackArguments: false
-BinPackParameters: false
-CommentPragmas: NOLINT:.*
-DerivePointerAlignment: false
-PointerAlignment: Left
-TabWidth: 2
diff --git a/metricsd/.clang-format b/metricsd/.clang-format
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..f9066d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/metricsd/.clang-format
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../build/tools/brillo-clang-format
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/metricsd/timer_test.cc b/metricsd/timer_test.cc
index 7a67e11..cfbcd8a 100644
--- a/metricsd/timer_test.cc
+++ b/metricsd/timer_test.cc
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(*clock_wrapper_mock_, GetCurrentTime())
       .WillOnce(Return(stime))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Start());
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.start_time_ == stime);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.HasStarted());
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(*clock_wrapper_mock_, GetCurrentTime())
       .WillOnce(Return(stime))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   timer_.Start();
   base::TimeTicks buffer = timer_.start_time_;
   timer_.Start();
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
 TEST_F(TimerTest, Reset) {
   EXPECT_CALL(*clock_wrapper_mock_, GetCurrentTime())
       .WillOnce(Return(stime));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   timer_.Start();
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Reset());
   ASSERT_FALSE(timer_.HasStarted());
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
       .WillOnce(Return(etime))
       .WillOnce(Return(stime2))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime2));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Start());
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Stop());
   ASSERT_EQ(timer_.elapsed_time_.InMilliseconds(), kDelta1MSec);
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(*clock_wrapper_mock_, GetCurrentTime())
       .WillOnce(Return(stime))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_FALSE(timer_.Stop());
   // Now we try it again, but after a valid start/stop.
   timer_.Start();
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@
       .WillOnce(Return(etime2))
       .WillOnce(Return(stime3))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime3));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Pause());  // Starts timer paused.
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.start_time_ == stime);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.HasStarted());
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
       .WillOnce(Return(stime2))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime2))
       .WillOnce(Return(stime3));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Resume());
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.start_time_ == stime);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.HasStarted());
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(*clock_wrapper_mock_, GetCurrentTime())
       .WillOnce(Return(stime))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Start());
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.start_time_ == stime);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.HasStarted());
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(*clock_wrapper_mock_, GetCurrentTime())
       .WillOnce(Return(stime))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Start());
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.start_time_ == stime);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.HasStarted());
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@
       .WillOnce(Return(etime))
       .WillOnce(Return(stime2))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime2));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Start());
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.start_time_ == stime);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.HasStarted());
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@
 TEST_F(TimerTest, PauseStop) {
   EXPECT_CALL(*clock_wrapper_mock_, GetCurrentTime())
       .WillOnce(Return(stime));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Pause());
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.start_time_ == stime);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.HasStarted());
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@
       .WillOnce(Return(stime))
       .WillOnce(Return(stime2))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime2));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Pause());
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.start_time_ == stime);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.HasStarted());
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@
       .WillOnce(Return(stime2))
       .WillOnce(Return(stime3))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime3));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Start());
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.start_time_ == stime);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.HasStarted());
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@
       .WillOnce(Return(etime2))
       .WillOnce(Return(stime3))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime3));
-  timer_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.Start());
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.start_time_ == stime);
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_.HasStarted());
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(*clock_wrapper_mock_, GetCurrentTime())
       .WillOnce(Return(stime))
       .WillOnce(Return(etime));
-  timer_reporter_.clock_wrapper_.reset(clock_wrapper_mock_.release());
+  timer_reporter_.clock_wrapper_ = std::move(clock_wrapper_mock_);
   EXPECT_CALL(lib_, SendToUMA(kMetricName, kDelta1MSec, kMinSample, kMaxSample,
                               kNumBuckets)).WillOnce(Return(true));
   ASSERT_TRUE(timer_reporter_.Start());
diff --git a/metricsd/uploader/upload_service.cc b/metricsd/uploader/upload_service.cc
index 0dc59a4..333a7e6 100644
--- a/metricsd/uploader/upload_service.cc
+++ b/metricsd/uploader/upload_service.cc
@@ -183,6 +183,7 @@
   base::StatisticsRecorder::GetHistograms(&histograms);
 
   histogram_snapshot_manager_.PrepareDeltas(
+      histograms.begin(), histograms.end(),
       base::Histogram::kNoFlags, base::Histogram::kUmaTargetedHistogramFlag);
 
   // Gather and reset the crash counters, shared with the binder threads.
diff --git a/metricsd/uploader/upload_service_test.cc b/metricsd/uploader/upload_service_test.cc
index 70112f4..0f77fe4 100644
--- a/metricsd/uploader/upload_service_test.cc
+++ b/metricsd/uploader/upload_service_test.cc
@@ -304,6 +304,8 @@
   upload_service_->PersistToDisk();
   EXPECT_EQ(
       1, upload_service_->current_log_->uma_proto()->histogram_event().size());
+  // Destroy the old service before creating a new one.
+  upload_service_.reset();
   upload_service_.reset(new UploadService(
       "", base::TimeDelta(), base::TimeDelta(), private_dir_, shared_dir_));
   upload_service_->InitForTest(nullptr);
@@ -325,6 +327,8 @@
   // Write a bogus saved log.
   EXPECT_EQ(5, base::WriteFile(upload_service_->saved_log_path_, "hello", 5));
 
+  // Destroy the old service before creating a new one.
+  upload_service_.reset();
   upload_service_.reset(new UploadService(
       "", base::TimeDelta(), base::TimeDelta(), private_dir_, shared_dir_));
 
diff --git a/rootdir/init-debug.rc b/rootdir/init-debug.rc
index 435d4cb..44d34d8 100644
--- a/rootdir/init-debug.rc
+++ b/rootdir/init-debug.rc
@@ -6,3 +6,6 @@
 
 on property:persist.mmc.cache_size=*
     write /sys/block/mmcblk0/cache_size ${persist.mmc.cache_size}
+
+on early-init
+    mount debugfs debugfs /sys/kernel/debug
diff --git a/rootdir/init.rc b/rootdir/init.rc
index f505faf..7723a43 100644
--- a/rootdir/init.rc
+++ b/rootdir/init.rc
@@ -417,9 +417,6 @@
     rm /data/bugreports
     symlink /data/user_de/0/com.android.shell/files/bugreports /data/bugreports
 
-    # Separate location for storing security policy files on data
-    mkdir /data/security 0711 system system
-
     # Create all remaining /data root dirs so that they are made through init
     # and get proper encryption policy installed
     mkdir /data/backup 0700 system system
@@ -444,9 +441,6 @@
 
     init_user0
 
-    # Reload policy from /data/security if present.
-    setprop selinux.reload_policy 1
-
     # Set SELinux security contexts on upgrade or policy update.
     restorecon_recursive /data
 
diff --git a/sdcard/Android.mk b/sdcard/Android.mk
index c5f3d1d..2d04a7f 100644
--- a/sdcard/Android.mk
+++ b/sdcard/Android.mk
@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := sdcard.c
 LOCAL_MODULE := sdcard
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcutils libpackagelistparser
+LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog libcutils libpackagelistparser
 
 include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
diff --git a/sdcard/sdcard.c b/sdcard/sdcard.c
index 9480e4a..27e91c1 100644
--- a/sdcard/sdcard.c
+++ b/sdcard/sdcard.c
@@ -829,7 +829,8 @@
             hdr->nodeid, node ? node->name : "?");
     if (node) {
         __u64 n = req->nlookup;
-        while (n--) {
+        while (n) {
+            n--;
             release_node_locked(node);
         }
     }
diff --git a/toolbox/Android.mk b/toolbox/Android.mk
index 9ade759..85f9415 100644
--- a/toolbox/Android.mk
+++ b/toolbox/Android.mk
@@ -32,13 +32,11 @@
 
 OUR_TOOLS := \
     getevent \
-    iftop \
     ioctl \
     log \
     nandread \
     newfs_msdos \
     ps \
-    prlimit \
     sendevent \
     start \
     stop \
@@ -55,6 +53,7 @@
 LOCAL_CONLYFLAGS += -std=gnu99
 
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
+    liblog \
     libcutils \
     libselinux \
 
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@
 $(LOCAL_PATH)/toolbox.c: $(intermediates)/tools.h
 
 TOOLS_H := $(intermediates)/tools.h
-$(TOOLS_H): PRIVATE_TOOLS := $(ALL_TOOLS)
+$(TOOLS_H): PRIVATE_TOOLS := toolbox $(ALL_TOOLS)
 $(TOOLS_H): PRIVATE_CUSTOM_TOOL = echo "/* file generated automatically */" > $@ ; for t in $(PRIVATE_TOOLS) ; do echo "TOOL($$t)" >> $@ ; done
 $(TOOLS_H): $(LOCAL_PATH)/Android.mk
 $(TOOLS_H):
diff --git a/toolbox/iftop.c b/toolbox/iftop.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 800c0f0..0000000
--- a/toolbox/iftop.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,278 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2008, The Android Open Source Project
- * All rights reserved.
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- * are met:
- *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
- *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 
- *    distribution.
- *  * Neither the name of Google, Inc. nor the names of its contributors
- *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
- *    software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
- * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
- * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
- * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
- * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED 
- * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
- * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
- * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
- * SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <sys/ioctl.h>
-#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <net/if.h>
-
-#define PROC_NET_DEV    "/proc/net/dev"
-
-#define MAX_IF           8   /* max interfaces we can handle */
-
-#ifndef PAGE_SIZE
-# define PAGE_SIZE 4096
-#endif
-
-#define _STR(s) #s
-#define STR(s) _STR(s)
-
-struct if_stats {
-    char name[IFNAMSIZ];
-
-    unsigned int mtu;
-
-    unsigned int rx_bytes;
-    unsigned int rx_packets;
-    unsigned int rx_errors;
-    unsigned int rx_dropped;
-
-    unsigned int tx_bytes;
-    unsigned int tx_packets;
-    unsigned int tx_errors;
-    unsigned int tx_dropped;
-};
-
-static int get_mtu(const char *if_name)
-{
-    struct ifreq ifr;
-    int s, ret;
-
-    s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
-    if (s < 0) {
-        perror("socket");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-
-    memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(struct ifreq));
-    ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = AF_INET;
-    strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, if_name);
-
-    ret = ioctl(s, SIOCGIFMTU, &ifr);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        perror("ioctl");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-
-    ret = close(s);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        perror("close");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-
-    return ifr.ifr_mtu;
-}
-
-static int get_interfaces(struct if_stats *ifs)
-{
-    char buf[PAGE_SIZE];
-    char *p;
-    int ret, nr, fd;
-
-    fd = open(PROC_NET_DEV, O_RDONLY);
-    if (fd < 0) {
-        perror("open");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-
-    ret = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        perror("read");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    } else if (!ret) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "reading " PROC_NET_DEV " returned premature EOF\n");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-    buf[ret] = '\0';
-
-    /* skip down to the third line */
-    p = strchr(buf, '\n');
-    if (!p) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "parsing " PROC_NET_DEV " failed unexpectedly\n");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-    p = strchr(p + 1, '\n');
-    if (!p) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "parsing " PROC_NET_DEV " failed unexpectedly\n");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-    p += 1;
-
-    /*
-     * Key:
-     * if: (Rx) bytes packets errs drop fifo frame compressed multicast \
-     *     (Tx) bytes packets errs drop fifo colls carrier compressed
-     */
-    for (nr = 0; nr < MAX_IF; nr++) {
-        char *c;
-
-        ret = sscanf(p, "%" STR(IFNAMSIZ) "s", ifs->name);
-        if (ret != 1) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "parsing " PROC_NET_DEV " failed unexpectedly\n");
-            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-        }
-
-        /*
-         * This works around a bug in the proc file where large interface names
-         * or Rx byte counts eat the delimiter, breaking sscanf.
-         */
-        c = strchr(ifs->name, ':');
-        if (c)
-            *c = '\0';
-
-        p = strchr(p, ':') + 1;
-
-        ret = sscanf(p, "%u %u %u %u %*u %*u %*u %*u %u %u %u %u %*u %*u "
-                     "%*u %*u\n", &ifs->rx_bytes, &ifs->rx_packets,
-                     &ifs->rx_errors, &ifs->rx_dropped, &ifs->tx_bytes,
-                     &ifs->tx_packets, &ifs->tx_errors, &ifs->tx_dropped);
-        if (ret != 8) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "parsing " PROC_NET_DEV " failed unexpectedly\n");
-            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-        }
-
-        ifs->mtu = get_mtu(ifs->name);
-
-        p = strchr(p, '\n') + 1;
-        if (*p == '\0') {
-            nr++;
-            break;
-        }
-
-        ifs++;
-    }
-
-    ret = close(fd);
-    if (ret) {
-        perror("close");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-
-    return nr;
-}
-
-static void print_header(void)
-{
-    printf("               Rx                              Tx\n");
-    printf("%-8s %-5s %-10s %-8s %-5s %-5s %-10s %-8s %-5s %-5s\n",
-           "name", "MTU", "bytes", "packets", "errs", "drpd", "bytes",
-           "packets", "errs", "drpd");
-}
-
-static int print_interfaces(struct if_stats *old, struct if_stats *new, int nr)
-{
-    int i = 0;
-
-    while (nr--) {
-        if (old->rx_packets || old->tx_packets) {
-            printf("%-8s %-5u %-10u %-8u %-5u %-5u %-10u %-8u %-5u %-5u\n",
-                   new->name, new->mtu,
-                   new->rx_bytes - old->rx_bytes,
-                   new->rx_packets - old->rx_packets,
-                   new->rx_errors - old->rx_errors,
-                   new->rx_dropped - old->rx_dropped,
-                   new->tx_bytes - old->tx_bytes,
-                   new->tx_packets - old->tx_packets,
-                   new->tx_errors - old->tx_errors,
-                   new->tx_dropped - old->tx_dropped);
-            i++;
-        }
-        old++;
-        new++;
-    }
-
-    return i;
-}
-
-static void usage(const char *cmd)
-{
-    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [ -r repeats] [ -d delay ]\n", cmd);
-}
-
-int iftop_main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-    struct if_stats ifs[2][MAX_IF];
-    int count = 0, header_interval = 22, delay = 1, i;
-    unsigned int toggle = 0;
-
-    for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-d")) {
-            if (i >= argc - 1) {
-                fprintf(stderr, "Option -d requires an argument.\n");
-                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-            }
-            delay = atoi(argv[i++]);
-            if (!delay)
-                delay = 1;
-            continue;
-        }
-        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-r")) {
-            if (i >= argc - 1) {
-                fprintf(stderr, "Option -r requires an argument.\n");
-                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-            }
-            header_interval = atoi(argv[i++]);
-            if (header_interval < MAX_IF)
-                header_interval = MAX_IF;
-            continue;
-        }
-        if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-h")) {
-            usage(argv[0]);
-            exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
-        }
-        usage(argv[0]);
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-
-    get_interfaces(ifs[!toggle]);
-    if (header_interval)
-        print_header();
-    while (1) {
-        int nr;
-
-        sleep(delay);
-        nr = get_interfaces(ifs[toggle]);
-        if (header_interval && count + nr > header_interval) {
-            print_header();
-            count = 0;
-        }
-        count += print_interfaces(ifs[!toggle], ifs[toggle], nr);
-        toggle = !toggle;
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
diff --git a/toolbox/newfs_msdos.c b/toolbox/newfs_msdos.c
index 5b98a01..27ea9e8 100644
--- a/toolbox/newfs_msdos.c
+++ b/toolbox/newfs_msdos.c
@@ -695,7 +695,7 @@
                                                     (u_int)tm->tm_min));
                 mk4(bsx->volid, x);
                 mklabel(bsx->label, opt_L ? opt_L : "NO NAME");
-                sprintf(buf, "FAT%u", fat);
+                snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", fat);
                 setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type));
                 if (!opt_B) {
                     x1 += sizeof(struct bsx);
diff --git a/toolbox/prlimit.c b/toolbox/prlimit.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 8cf202a..0000000
--- a/toolbox/prlimit.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2014, The Android Open Source Project
- * All rights reserved.
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- * are met:
- *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
- *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
- *    distribution.
- *  * Neither the name of Google, Inc. nor the names of its contributors
- *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
- *    software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
- * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
- * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
- * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
- * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
- * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
- * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
- * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
- * SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
-#include <sys/resource.h>
-
-static void
-usage(const char *s)
-{
-    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s pid resource cur max\n", s);
-    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-}
-
-int prlimit_main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-    pid_t pid;
-    struct rlimit64 rl;
-    int resource;
-    int rc;
-
-    if (argc != 5)
-        usage(*argv);
-
-    if (sscanf(argv[1], "%d", &pid) != 1)
-        usage(*argv);
-
-    if (sscanf(argv[2], "%d", &resource) != 1)
-        usage(*argv);
-
-    if (sscanf(argv[3], "%llu", &rl.rlim_cur) != 1)
-        usage(*argv);
-
-    if (sscanf(argv[4], "%llu", &rl.rlim_max) != 1)
-        usage(*argv);
-
-    printf("setting resource %d of pid %d to [%llu,%llu]\n", resource, pid,
-            rl.rlim_cur, rl.rlim_max);
-    rc = prlimit64(pid, resource, &rl, NULL);
-    if (rc < 0) {
-        perror("prlimit");
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
diff --git a/toolbox/ps.c b/toolbox/ps.c
index 7e70c71..c129110 100644
--- a/toolbox/ps.c
+++ b/toolbox/ps.c
@@ -57,33 +57,33 @@
     int prio, nice, rtprio, sched, psr;
     struct passwd *pw;
 
-    sprintf(statline, "/proc/%d", tid ? tid : pid);
+    snprintf(statline, sizeof(statline), "/proc/%d", tid ? tid : pid);
     stat(statline, &stats);
 
-    if(tid) {
-        sprintf(statline, "/proc/%d/task/%d/stat", pid, tid);
+    if (tid) {
+        snprintf(statline, sizeof(statline), "/proc/%d/task/%d/stat", pid, tid);
         cmdline[0] = 0;
         snprintf(macline, sizeof(macline), "/proc/%d/task/%d/attr/current", pid, tid);
     } else {
-        sprintf(statline, "/proc/%d/stat", pid);
-        sprintf(cmdline, "/proc/%d/cmdline", pid);
+        snprintf(statline, sizeof(statline), "/proc/%d/stat", pid);
+        snprintf(cmdline, sizeof(cmdline), "/proc/%d/cmdline", pid);
         snprintf(macline, sizeof(macline), "/proc/%d/attr/current", pid);
         int fd = open(cmdline, O_RDONLY);
-        if(fd == 0) {
+        if (fd == 0) {
             r = 0;
         } else {
             r = read(fd, cmdline, 1023);
             close(fd);
-            if(r < 0) r = 0;
+            if (r < 0) r = 0;
         }
         cmdline[r] = 0;
     }
 
     int fd = open(statline, O_RDONLY);
-    if(fd == 0) return -1;
+    if (fd == 0) return -1;
     r = read(fd, statline, 1023);
     close(fd);
-    if(r < 0) return -1;
+    if (r < 0) return -1;
     statline[r] = 0;
 
     ptr = statline;
@@ -142,19 +142,19 @@
 
     nexttok(&ptr); // tty
 
-    if(tid != 0) {
+    if (tid != 0) {
         ppid = pid;
         pid = tid;
     }
 
     pw = getpwuid(stats.st_uid);
-    if(pw == 0 || (display_flags & SHOW_NUMERIC_UID)) {
-        sprintf(user,"%d",(int)stats.st_uid);
+    if (pw == 0 || (display_flags & SHOW_NUMERIC_UID)) {
+        snprintf(user, sizeof(user), "%d", (int)stats.st_uid);
     } else {
-        strcpy(user,pw->pw_name);
+        snprintf(user, sizeof(user), "%s", pw->pw_name);
     }
 
-    if(ppid_filter != 0 && ppid != ppid_filter) {
+    if (ppid_filter != 0 && ppid != ppid_filter) {
         return 0;
     }
 
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@
         print_exe_abi(pid);
     }
     printf("%s", cmdline[0] ? cmdline : name);
-    if(display_flags&SHOW_TIME)
+    if (display_flags & SHOW_TIME)
         printf(" (u:%d, s:%d)", utime, stime);
 
     printf("\n");
@@ -208,15 +208,15 @@
     int fd, r;
     char exeline[1024];
 
-    sprintf(exeline, "/proc/%d/exe", pid);
+    snprintf(exeline, sizeof(exeline), "/proc/%d/exe", pid);
     fd = open(exeline, O_RDONLY);
-    if(fd == 0) {
+    if (fd == 0) {
         printf("    ");
         return;
     }
     r = read(fd, exeline, 5 /* 4 byte ELFMAG + 1 byte EI_CLASS */);
     close(fd);
-    if(r < 0) {
+    if (r < 0) {
         printf("    ");
         return;
     }
@@ -243,14 +243,14 @@
     DIR *d;
     struct dirent *de;
 
-    sprintf(tmp,"/proc/%d/task",pid);
+    snprintf(tmp,sizeof(tmp),"/proc/%d/task",pid);
     d = opendir(tmp);
-    if(d == 0) return;
+    if (d == 0) return;
 
-    while((de = readdir(d)) != 0){
-        if(isdigit(de->d_name[0])){
+    while ((de = readdir(d)) != 0) {
+        if (isdigit(de->d_name[0])) {
             int tid = atoi(de->d_name);
-            if(tid == pid) continue;
+            if (tid == pid) continue;
             ps_line(pid, tid);
         }
     }
@@ -264,24 +264,31 @@
     int pidfilter = 0;
     int threads = 0;
 
-    while(argc > 1){
-        if(!strcmp(argv[1],"-t")) {
+    while (argc > 1) {
+        if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-t")) {
             threads = 1;
-        } else if(!strcmp(argv[1],"-n")) {
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-n")) {
             display_flags |= SHOW_NUMERIC_UID;
-        } else if(!strcmp(argv[1],"-x")) {
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-x")) {
             display_flags |= SHOW_TIME;
-        } else if(!strcmp(argv[1], "-Z")) {
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-Z")) {
             display_flags |= SHOW_MACLABEL;
-        } else if(!strcmp(argv[1],"-P")) {
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-P")) {
             display_flags |= SHOW_POLICY;
-        } else if(!strcmp(argv[1],"-p")) {
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-p")) {
             display_flags |= SHOW_PRIO;
-        } else if(!strcmp(argv[1],"-c")) {
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-c")) {
             display_flags |= SHOW_CPU;
-        } else if(!strcmp(argv[1],"--abi")) {
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--abi")) {
             display_flags |= SHOW_ABI;
-        } else if(!strcmp(argv[1],"--ppid")) {
+        } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--ppid")) {
+            if (argc < 3) {
+                /* Bug 26554285: Use printf because some apps require at least
+                 * one line of output to stdout even for errors.
+                 */
+                printf("no ppid\n");
+                return 1;
+            }
             ppid_filter = atoi(argv[2]);
             if (ppid_filter == 0) {
                 /* Bug 26554285: Use printf because some apps require at least
@@ -317,18 +324,17 @@
            (display_flags&SHOW_ABI)?"ABI " : "");
 
     d = opendir("/proc");
-    if(d == 0) return -1;
+    if (d == 0) return -1;
 
-    while((de = readdir(d)) != 0){
-        if(isdigit(de->d_name[0])){
+    while ((de = readdir(d)) != 0) {
+        if (isdigit(de->d_name[0])) {
             int pid = atoi(de->d_name);
-            if(!pidfilter || (pidfilter == pid)) {
+            if (!pidfilter || (pidfilter == pid)) {
                 ps_line(pid, 0);
-                if(threads) ps_threads(pid);
+                if (threads) ps_threads(pid);
             }
         }
     }
     closedir(d);
     return 0;
 }
-
diff --git a/toolbox/toolbox.c b/toolbox/toolbox.c
index 915da44..b5a942c 100644
--- a/toolbox/toolbox.c
+++ b/toolbox/toolbox.c
@@ -4,29 +4,14 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
-int main(int, char **);
-
-static int toolbox_main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-    // "toolbox foo ..." is equivalent to "foo ..."
-    if (argc > 1) {
-        return main(argc - 1, argv + 1);
-    } else {
-        printf("Toolbox!\n");
-        return 0;
-    }
-}
-
 #define TOOL(name) int name##_main(int, char**);
 #include "tools.h"
 #undef TOOL
 
-static struct 
-{
-    const char *name;
+static struct {
+    const char* name;
     int (*func)(int, char**);
 } tools[] = {
-    { "toolbox", toolbox_main },
 #define TOOL(name) { #name, name##_main },
 #include "tools.h"
 #undef TOOL
@@ -40,33 +25,35 @@
     _exit(0);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-    int i;
-    char *name = argv[0];
-
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
     // Let's assume that none of this code handles broken pipes. At least ls,
     // ps, and top were broken (though I'd previously added this fix locally
     // to top). We exit rather than use SIG_IGN because tools like top will
     // just keep on writing to nowhere forever if we don't stop them.
     signal(SIGPIPE, SIGPIPE_handler);
 
-    if((argc > 1) && (argv[1][0] == '@')) {
-        name = argv[1] + 1;
-        argc--;
-        argv++;
-    } else {
-        char *cmd = strrchr(argv[0], '/');
-        if (cmd)
-            name = cmd + 1;
-    }
+    char* cmd = strrchr(argv[0], '/');
+    char* name = cmd ? (cmd + 1) : argv[0];
 
-    for(i = 0; tools[i].name; i++){
-        if(!strcmp(tools[i].name, name)){
+    for (size_t i = 0; tools[i].name; i++) {
+        if (!strcmp(tools[i].name, name)) {
             return tools[i].func(argc, argv);
         }
     }
 
     printf("%s: no such tool\n", argv[0]);
-    return -1;
+    return 127;
+}
+
+int toolbox_main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    // "toolbox foo ..." is equivalent to "foo ..."
+    if (argc > 1) {
+        return main(argc - 1, argv + 1);
+    }
+
+    // Plain "toolbox" lists the tools.
+    for (size_t i = 1; tools[i].name; i++) {
+        printf("%s%c", tools[i].name, tools[i+1].name ? ' ' : '\n');
+    }
+    return 0;
 }
diff --git a/toolbox/top.c b/toolbox/top.c
index 6fda132..003f4c9 100644
--- a/toolbox/top.c
+++ b/toolbox/top.c
@@ -258,29 +258,29 @@
 
             proc->pid = proc->tid = pid;
 
-            sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/stat", pid);
+            snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "/proc/%d/stat", pid);
             read_stat(filename, proc);
 
-            sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/cmdline", pid);
+            snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "/proc/%d/cmdline", pid);
             read_cmdline(filename, proc);
 
-            sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/status", pid);
+            snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "/proc/%d/status", pid);
             read_status(filename, proc);
 
             read_policy(pid, proc);
 
             proc->num_threads = 0;
         } else {
-            sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/cmdline", pid);
+            snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "/proc/%d/cmdline", pid);
             read_cmdline(filename, &cur_proc);
 
-            sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/status", pid);
+            snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "/proc/%d/status", pid);
             read_status(filename, &cur_proc);
 
             proc = NULL;
         }
 
-        sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/task", pid);
+        snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "/proc/%d/task", pid);
         task_dir = opendir(filename);
         if (!task_dir) continue;
 
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@
 
                 proc->pid = pid; proc->tid = tid;
 
-                sprintf(filename, "/proc/%d/task/%d/stat", pid, tid);
+                snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "/proc/%d/task/%d/stat", pid, tid);
                 read_stat(filename, proc);
 
                 read_policy(tid, proc);
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@
         if (user && user->pw_name) {
             user_str = user->pw_name;
         } else {
-            snprintf(user_buf, 20, "%d", proc->uid);
+            snprintf(user_buf, sizeof(user_buf), "%d", proc->uid);
             user_str = user_buf;
         }
         if (!threads) {
diff --git a/toolbox/upstream-netbsd/include/util.h b/toolbox/upstream-netbsd/include/util.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/toolbox/upstream-netbsd/include/util.h
diff --git a/trusty/libtrusty/tipc-test/tipc_test.c b/trusty/libtrusty/tipc-test/tipc_test.c
index 55d5ee6..1fb34c9 100644
--- a/trusty/libtrusty/tipc-test/tipc_test.c
+++ b/trusty/libtrusty/tipc-test/tipc_test.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
+#include <sys/uio.h>
 
 #include <trusty/tipc.h>
 
@@ -80,6 +81,8 @@
 "   ta2ta-ipc    - execute TA to TA unittest\n"
 "   dev-uuid     - print device uuid\n"
 "   ta-access    - test ta-access flags\n"
+"   writev       - writev test\n"
+"   readv        - readv test\n"
 "\n"
 ;
 
@@ -93,7 +96,7 @@
 {
 	fprintf (stderr, usage, prog);
 	if (verbose)
-		fprintf (stderr, usage_long);
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s", usage_long);
 	exit(code);
 }
 
@@ -692,6 +695,171 @@
 }
 
 
+static int writev_test(uint repeat, uint msgsz, bool var)
+{
+	uint i;
+	ssize_t rc;
+	size_t  msg_len;
+	int  echo_fd = -1;
+	char tx0_buf[msgsz];
+	char tx1_buf[msgsz];
+	char rx_buf [msgsz];
+	struct iovec iovs[2]= {{tx0_buf, 0}, {tx1_buf, 0}};
+
+	if (!opt_silent) {
+		printf("%s: repeat %u: msgsz %u: variable %s\n",
+			__func__, repeat, msgsz, var ? "true" : "false");
+	}
+
+	echo_fd = tipc_connect(dev_name, echo_name);
+	if (echo_fd < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to connect to service\n");
+		return echo_fd;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < repeat; i++) {
+
+		msg_len = msgsz;
+		if (opt_variable && msgsz) {
+			msg_len = rand() % msgsz;
+		}
+
+		iovs[0].iov_len = msg_len / 3;
+		iovs[1].iov_len = msg_len - iovs[0].iov_len;
+
+		memset(tx0_buf, i + 1, iovs[0].iov_len);
+		memset(tx1_buf, i + 2, iovs[1].iov_len);
+		memset(rx_buf,  i + 3, sizeof(rx_buf));
+
+		rc = writev(echo_fd, iovs, 2);
+		if (rc < 0) {
+			perror("writev_test: writev");
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if ((size_t)rc != msg_len) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"%s: %s: data size mismatch (%zd vs. %zd)\n",
+				__func__, "writev", (size_t)rc, msg_len);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		rc = read(echo_fd, rx_buf, sizeof(rx_buf));
+		if (rc < 0) {
+			perror("writev_test: read");
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if ((size_t)rc != msg_len) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"%s: %s: data size mismatch (%zd vs. %zd)\n",
+				__func__, "read", (size_t)rc, msg_len);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (memcmp(tx0_buf, rx_buf, iovs[0].iov_len)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: data mismatch: buf 0\n", __func__);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (memcmp(tx1_buf, rx_buf + iovs[0].iov_len, iovs[1].iov_len)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: data mismatch, buf 1\n", __func__);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	tipc_close(echo_fd);
+
+	if (!opt_silent) {
+		printf("%s: done\n",__func__);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int readv_test(uint repeat, uint msgsz, bool var)
+{
+	uint i;
+	ssize_t rc;
+	size_t  msg_len;
+	int  echo_fd = -1;
+	char tx_buf [msgsz];
+	char rx0_buf[msgsz];
+	char rx1_buf[msgsz];
+	struct iovec iovs[2]= {{rx0_buf, 0}, {rx1_buf, 0}};
+
+	if (!opt_silent) {
+		printf("%s: repeat %u: msgsz %u: variable %s\n",
+			__func__, repeat, msgsz, var ? "true" : "false");
+	}
+
+	echo_fd = tipc_connect(dev_name, echo_name);
+	if (echo_fd < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to connect to service\n");
+		return echo_fd;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < repeat; i++) {
+
+		msg_len = msgsz;
+		if (opt_variable && msgsz) {
+			msg_len = rand() % msgsz;
+		}
+
+		iovs[0].iov_len = msg_len / 3;
+		iovs[1].iov_len = msg_len - iovs[0].iov_len;
+
+		memset(tx_buf,  i + 1, sizeof(tx_buf));
+		memset(rx0_buf, i + 2, iovs[0].iov_len);
+		memset(rx1_buf, i + 3, iovs[1].iov_len);
+
+		rc = write(echo_fd, tx_buf, msg_len);
+		if (rc < 0) {
+			perror("readv_test: write");
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if ((size_t)rc != msg_len) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"%s: %s: data size mismatch (%zd vs. %zd)\n",
+				__func__, "write", (size_t)rc, msg_len);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		rc = readv(echo_fd, iovs, 2);
+		if (rc < 0) {
+			perror("readv_test: readv");
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if ((size_t)rc != msg_len) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"%s: %s: data size mismatch (%zd vs. %zd)\n",
+				__func__, "write", (size_t)rc, msg_len);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (memcmp(rx0_buf, tx_buf, iovs[0].iov_len)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: data mismatch: buf 0\n", __func__);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (memcmp(rx1_buf, tx_buf + iovs[0].iov_len, iovs[1].iov_len)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: data mismatch, buf 1\n", __func__);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	tipc_close(echo_fd);
+
+	if (!opt_silent) {
+		printf("%s: done\n",__func__);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	int rc = 0;
@@ -735,6 +903,10 @@
 		rc = dev_uuid_test();
 	} else if (strcmp(test_name, "ta-access") == 0) {
 		rc = ta_access_test();
+	} else if (strcmp(test_name, "writev") == 0) {
+		rc = writev_test(opt_repeat, opt_msgsize, opt_variable);
+	} else if (strcmp(test_name, "readv") == 0) {
+		rc = readv_test(opt_repeat, opt_msgsize, opt_variable);
 	} else {
 		fprintf(stderr, "Unrecognized test name '%s'\n", test_name);
 		print_usage_and_exit(argv[0], EXIT_FAILURE, true);
diff --git a/trusty/nvram/Android.mk b/trusty/nvram/Android.mk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..18c54d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/trusty/nvram/Android.mk
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open-Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
+
+# nvram.trusty is the Trusty NVRAM HAL module.
+include $(CLEAR_VARS)
+LOCAL_MODULE := nvram.trusty
+LOCAL_MODULE_RELATIVE_PATH := hw
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
+	module.c \
+	trusty_nvram_implementation.cpp
+LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -fvisibility=hidden
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libnvram-hal
+LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libtrusty libnvram-messages liblog
+include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
diff --git a/trusty/nvram/module.c b/trusty/nvram/module.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06819c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/trusty/nvram/module.c
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <hardware/nvram.h>
+
+// This function is defined in trusty_nvram_implementation.cpp.
+int trusty_nvram_open(const hw_module_t* module,
+                      const char* device_id,
+                      hw_device_t** device_ptr);
+
+static struct hw_module_methods_t nvram_module_methods = {
+    .open = trusty_nvram_open,
+};
+
+struct nvram_module HAL_MODULE_INFO_SYM
+    __attribute__((visibility("default"))) = {
+        .common = {.tag = HARDWARE_MODULE_TAG,
+                   .module_api_version = NVRAM_MODULE_API_VERSION_0_1,
+                   .hal_api_version = HARDWARE_HAL_API_VERSION,
+                   .id = NVRAM_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID,
+                   .name = "Trusty NVRAM HAL",
+                   .author = "The Android Open Source Project",
+                   .methods = &nvram_module_methods,
+                   .dso = 0,
+                   .reserved = {}},
+};
diff --git a/trusty/nvram/trusty_nvram_implementation.cpp b/trusty/nvram/trusty_nvram_implementation.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39496b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/trusty/nvram/trusty_nvram_implementation.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <hardware/nvram.h>
+#include <trusty/tipc.h>
+
+#define LOG_TAG "TrustyNVRAM"
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include <nvram/hal/nvram_device_adapter.h>
+#include <nvram/messages/blob.h>
+#include <nvram/messages/nvram_messages.h>
+
+namespace {
+
+// Character device to open for Trusty IPC connections.
+const char kTrustyDeviceName[] = "/dev/trusty-ipc-dev0";
+
+// App identifier of the NVRAM app.
+const char kTrustyNvramAppId[] = "com.android.trusty.nvram";
+
+// |TrustyNvramImplementation| proxies requests to the Trusty NVRAM app. It
+// serializes the request objects, sends it to the Trusty app and finally reads
+// back the result and decodes it.
+class TrustyNvramImplementation : public nvram::NvramImplementation {
+ public:
+  ~TrustyNvramImplementation() override;
+
+  void Execute(const nvram::Request& request,
+               nvram::Response* response) override;
+
+ private:
+  // Connects the IPC channel to the Trusty app if it is not already open.
+  // Returns true if the channel is open, false on errors.
+  bool Connect();
+
+  // Dispatches a command to the trust app. Returns true if successful (note
+  // that the response may still indicate an error on the Trusty side), false if
+  // there are any I/O or encoding/decoding errors.
+  bool SendRequest(const nvram::Request& request,
+                   nvram::Response* response);
+
+  // The file descriptor for the IPC connection to the Trusty app.
+  int tipc_nvram_fd_ = -1;
+
+  // Response buffer. This puts a hard size limit on the responses from the
+  // Trusty app. 4096 matches the maximum IPC message size currently supported
+  // by Trusty.
+  uint8_t response_buffer_[4096];
+};
+
+TrustyNvramImplementation::~TrustyNvramImplementation() {
+  if (tipc_nvram_fd_ != -1) {
+    tipc_close(tipc_nvram_fd_);
+    tipc_nvram_fd_ = -1;
+  }
+}
+
+void TrustyNvramImplementation::Execute(const nvram::Request& request,
+                                        nvram::Response* response) {
+  if (!SendRequest(request, response)) {
+    response->result = NV_RESULT_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+  }
+}
+
+bool TrustyNvramImplementation::Connect() {
+  if (tipc_nvram_fd_ != -1) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  int rc = tipc_connect(kTrustyDeviceName, kTrustyNvramAppId);
+  if (rc < 0) {
+    ALOGE("Failed to connect to Trusty NVRAM app: %s\n", strerror(-rc));
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  tipc_nvram_fd_ = rc;
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool TrustyNvramImplementation::SendRequest(const nvram::Request& request,
+                                            nvram::Response* response) {
+  if (!Connect()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  nvram::Blob request_buffer;
+  if (!nvram::Encode(request, &request_buffer)) {
+    ALOGE("Failed to encode NVRAM request.\n");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  ssize_t rc =
+      write(tipc_nvram_fd_, request_buffer.data(), request_buffer.size());
+  if (rc < 0) {
+    ALOGE("Failed to send NVRAM request: %s\n", strerror(-rc));
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (static_cast<size_t>(rc) != request_buffer.size()) {
+    ALOGE("Failed to send full request buffer: %zd\n", rc);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  rc = read(tipc_nvram_fd_, response_buffer_, sizeof(response_buffer_));
+  if (rc < 0) {
+    ALOGE("Failed to read NVRAM response: %s\n", strerror(-rc));
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (static_cast<size_t>(rc) >= sizeof(response_buffer_)) {
+    ALOGE("NVRAM response exceeds response buffer size.\n");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (!nvram::Decode(response_buffer_, static_cast<size_t>(rc), response)) {
+    ALOGE("Failed to decode NVRAM response.\n");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+extern "C" int trusty_nvram_open(const hw_module_t* module,
+                                 const char* device_id,
+                                 hw_device_t** device_ptr) {
+  if (strcmp(NVRAM_HARDWARE_DEVICE_ID, device_id) != 0) {
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+
+  nvram::NvramDeviceAdapter* adapter =
+      new nvram::NvramDeviceAdapter(module, new TrustyNvramImplementation);
+  *device_ptr = adapter->as_device();
+  return 0;
+}