diff --git a/libsystem/include/system/graphics-base.h b/libsystem/include/system/graphics-base.h
index 663b8b0..ea92007 100644
--- a/libsystem/include/system/graphics-base.h
+++ b/libsystem/include/system/graphics-base.h
@@ -4,12 +4,4 @@
 #include "graphics-base-v1.0.h"
 #include "graphics-base-v1.1.h"
 
-/* Legacy formats not in the HAL definitions. */
-typedef enum {
-    HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_422_888 = 39,   // 0x27
-    HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_444_888 = 40,   // 0x28
-    HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_FLEX_RGB_888 = 41,    // 0x29
-    HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_FLEX_RGBA_8888 = 42,  // 0x2A
-} android_pixel_format_legacy_t;
-
 #endif  // SYSTEM_CORE_GRAPHICS_BASE_H_
diff --git a/libsystem/include/system/graphics-sw.h b/libsystem/include/system/graphics-sw.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e1a88e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libsystem/include/system/graphics-sw.h
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef SYSTEM_CORE_GRAPHICS_SW_H_
+#define SYSTEM_CORE_GRAPHICS_SW_H_
+
+/* Software formats not in the HAL definitions. */
+typedef enum {
+    HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_422_888 = 39,   // 0x27
+    HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_444_888 = 40,   // 0x28
+    HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_FLEX_RGB_888 = 41,    // 0x29
+    HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_FLEX_RGBA_8888 = 42,  // 0x2A
+} android_pixel_format_sw_t;
+
+/* for compatibility */
+#define HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCbCr_422_888 HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_422_888
+#define HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCbCr_444_888 HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_444_888
+
+#endif  // SYSTEM_CORE_GRAPHICS_SW_H_
diff --git a/libsystem/include/system/graphics.h b/libsystem/include/system/graphics.h
index 657370b..6c8f816 100644
--- a/libsystem/include/system/graphics.h
+++ b/libsystem/include/system/graphics.h
@@ -32,8 +32,6 @@
 
 /* for compatibility */
 #define HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCbCr_420_888 HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_420_888
-#define HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCbCr_422_888 HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_422_888
-#define HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCbCr_444_888 HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_444_888
 #define HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCbCr_422_SP HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_422_SP
 #define HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCrCb_420_SP HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCRCB_420_SP
 #define HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCbCr_422_I HAL_PIXEL_FORMAT_YCBCR_422_I
diff --git a/libunwindstack/DwarfCfa.cpp b/libunwindstack/DwarfCfa.cpp
index 4fc95c7..aa8cd3a 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/DwarfCfa.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/DwarfCfa.cpp
@@ -424,7 +424,10 @@
 
 template <typename AddressType>
 bool DwarfCfa<AddressType>::cfa_def_cfa_expression(dwarf_loc_regs_t* loc_regs) {
-  (*loc_regs)[CFA_REG] = {.type = DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION,
+  // There is only one type of expression for CFA evaluation and the DWARF
+  // specification is unclear whether it returns the address or the
+  // dereferenced value. GDB expects the value, so will we.
+  (*loc_regs)[CFA_REG] = {.type = DWARF_LOCATION_VAL_EXPRESSION,
                           .values = {operands_[0], memory_->cur_offset()}};
   return true;
 }
diff --git a/libunwindstack/DwarfSection.cpp b/libunwindstack/DwarfSection.cpp
index 7649798..ddbc12e 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/DwarfSection.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/DwarfSection.cpp
@@ -214,21 +214,13 @@
       }
       eval_info.cfa += loc->values[1];
       break;
-    case DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION:
     case DWARF_LOCATION_VAL_EXPRESSION: {
       AddressType value;
       if (!EvalExpression(*loc, regular_memory, &value, &eval_info.regs_info, nullptr)) {
         return false;
       }
-      if (loc->type == DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION) {
-        if (!regular_memory->ReadFully(value, &eval_info.cfa, sizeof(AddressType))) {
-          last_error_.code = DWARF_ERROR_MEMORY_INVALID;
-          last_error_.address = value;
-          return false;
-        }
-      } else {
-        eval_info.cfa = value;
-      }
+      // There is only one type of valid expression for CFA evaluation.
+      eval_info.cfa = value;
       break;
     }
     default:
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfCfaTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfCfaTest.cpp
index 68dc30c..7395b04 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfCfaTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfCfaTest.cpp
@@ -737,6 +737,8 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(this->cfa_->GetLocationInfo(this->fde_.pc_start, 0x200, 0x284, &loc_regs));
   ASSERT_EQ(0x284U, this->dmem_->cur_offset());
   ASSERT_EQ(1U, loc_regs.size());
+  ASSERT_EQ(DWARF_LOCATION_VAL_EXPRESSION, loc_regs[CFA_REG].type);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x81U, loc_regs[CFA_REG].values[0]);
 
   ASSERT_EQ("", GetFakeLogPrint());
   ASSERT_EQ("", GetFakeLogBuf());
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionImplTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionImplTest.cpp
index 37305b2..99f4d87 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionImplTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/DwarfSectionImplTest.cpp
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
   regs.set_sp(0x2000);
   regs[5] = 0x20;
   regs[9] = 0x3000;
-  loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION, {0x2, 0x5002}};
+  loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_VAL_EXPRESSION, {0x2, 0x5002}};
   bool finished;
   ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_MEMORY_INVALID, this->section_->LastErrorCode());
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
   regs[5] = 0x20;
   regs[9] = 0x3000;
   this->memory_.SetMemory(0x5000, std::vector<uint8_t>{0x96, 0x96, 0x96});
-  loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION, {0x2, 0x5002}};
+  loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_VAL_EXPRESSION, {0x2, 0x5002}};
   bool finished;
   ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_ILLEGAL_STATE, this->section_->LastErrorCode());
@@ -136,10 +136,8 @@
   this->memory_.SetMemory(0x80000000, &cfa_value, sizeof(cfa_value));
   loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION, {0x4, 0x5004}};
   bool finished;
-  ASSERT_TRUE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
-  EXPECT_FALSE(finished);
-  EXPECT_EQ(0x12345U, regs.sp());
-  EXPECT_EQ(0x20U, regs.pc());
+  ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
+  EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_ILLEGAL_VALUE, this->section_->LastErrorCode());
 }
 
 TYPED_TEST_P(DwarfSectionImplTest, Eval_cfa_val_expr) {
@@ -170,7 +168,7 @@
   regs[5] = 0x20;
   regs[9] = 0x3000;
   this->memory_.SetMemory(0x5000, std::vector<uint8_t>{0x50, 0x96, 0x96});
-  loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_EXPRESSION, {0x2, 0x5002}};
+  loc_regs[CFA_REG] = DwarfLocation{DWARF_LOCATION_VAL_EXPRESSION, {0x2, 0x5002}};
   bool finished;
   ASSERT_FALSE(this->section_->Eval(&cie, &this->memory_, loc_regs, &regs, &finished));
   EXPECT_EQ(DWARF_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, this->section_->LastErrorCode());