diff --git a/adb/Android.mk b/adb/Android.mk
index b63cce0..05b0284 100644
--- a/adb/Android.mk
+++ b/adb/Android.mk
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
 
 # Even though we're building a static library (and thus there's no link step for
 # this to take effect), this adds the includes to our path.
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils libcrypto libbase
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils libcrypto libbase libasyncio
 
 include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
 
@@ -355,13 +355,12 @@
 LOCAL_MODULE := adbd
 
 LOCAL_FORCE_STATIC_EXECUTABLE := true
-LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_ROOT_OUT_SBIN)
-LOCAL_UNSTRIPPED_PATH := $(TARGET_ROOT_OUT_SBIN_UNSTRIPPED)
 
 LOCAL_SANITIZE := $(adb_target_sanitize)
 LOCAL_STRIP_MODULE := keep_symbols
 LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
     libadbd \
+    libasyncio \
     libavb_user \
     libbase \
     libbootloader_message \
diff --git a/adb/adb.h b/adb/adb.h
index 88e13b6..6a9897f 100644
--- a/adb/adb.h
+++ b/adb/adb.h
@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@
 #include "usb.h"
 
 constexpr size_t MAX_PAYLOAD_V1 = 4 * 1024;
-constexpr size_t MAX_PAYLOAD_V2 = 256 * 1024;
-constexpr size_t MAX_PAYLOAD = MAX_PAYLOAD_V2;
+constexpr size_t MAX_PAYLOAD = 1024 * 1024;
 
 constexpr size_t LINUX_MAX_SOCKET_SIZE = 4194304;
 
diff --git a/adb/commandline.cpp b/adb/commandline.cpp
index 9f23473..d126f52 100644
--- a/adb/commandline.cpp
+++ b/adb/commandline.cpp
@@ -1588,9 +1588,13 @@
         } else {
             return 0;
         }
-    }
-    else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "tcpip") && argc > 1) {
-        return adb_connect_command(android::base::StringPrintf("tcpip:%s", argv[1]));
+    } else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "tcpip")) {
+        if (argc != 2) return syntax_error("tcpip requires an argument");
+        int port;
+        if (!android::base::ParseInt(argv[1], &port, 1, 65535)) {
+            return syntax_error("tcpip: invalid port: %s", argv[1]);
+        }
+        return adb_connect_command(android::base::StringPrintf("tcpip:%d", port));
     }
     else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "remount") ||
              !strcmp(argv[0], "reboot") ||
diff --git a/adb/daemon/usb.cpp b/adb/daemon/usb.cpp
index 0f92282..87ed3db 100644
--- a/adb/daemon/usb.cpp
+++ b/adb/daemon/usb.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
@@ -49,16 +50,11 @@
 #define MAX_PACKET_SIZE_HS 512
 #define MAX_PACKET_SIZE_SS 1024
 
-// Kernels before 3.3 have a 16KiB transfer limit  That limit was replaced
-// with a 16MiB global limit in 3.3, but each URB submitted required a
-// contiguous kernel allocation, so you would get ENOMEM if you tried to
-// send something larger than the biggest available contiguous kernel
-// memory region. Large contiguous allocations could be unreliable
-// on a device kernel that has been running for a while fragmenting its
-// memory so we start with a larger allocation, and shrink the amount if
-// necessary.
 #define USB_FFS_BULK_SIZE 16384
 
+// Number of buffers needed to fit MAX_PAYLOAD, with an extra for ZLPs.
+#define USB_FFS_NUM_BUFS ((MAX_PAYLOAD / USB_FFS_BULK_SIZE) + 1)
+
 #define cpu_to_le16(x) htole16(x)
 #define cpu_to_le32(x) htole32(x)
 
@@ -234,6 +230,26 @@
     },
 };
 
+static void aio_block_init(aio_block* aiob) {
+    aiob->iocb.resize(USB_FFS_NUM_BUFS);
+    aiob->iocbs.resize(USB_FFS_NUM_BUFS);
+    aiob->events.resize(USB_FFS_NUM_BUFS);
+    aiob->num_submitted = 0;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < USB_FFS_NUM_BUFS; i++) {
+        aiob->iocbs[i] = &aiob->iocb[i];
+    }
+}
+
+static int getMaxPacketSize(int ffs_fd) {
+    usb_endpoint_descriptor desc;
+    if (ioctl(ffs_fd, FUNCTIONFS_ENDPOINT_DESC, reinterpret_cast<unsigned long>(&desc))) {
+        D("[ could not get endpoint descriptor! (%d) ]", errno);
+        return MAX_PACKET_SIZE_HS;
+    } else {
+        return desc.wMaxPacketSize;
+    }
+}
+
 bool init_functionfs(struct usb_handle* h) {
     LOG(INFO) << "initializing functionfs";
 
@@ -301,6 +317,14 @@
         goto err;
     }
 
+    if (io_setup(USB_FFS_NUM_BUFS, &h->read_aiob.ctx) ||
+        io_setup(USB_FFS_NUM_BUFS, &h->write_aiob.ctx)) {
+        D("[ aio: got error on io_setup (%d) ]", errno);
+    }
+
+    h->read_aiob.fd = h->bulk_out;
+    h->write_aiob.fd = h->bulk_in;
+
     h->max_rw = MAX_PAYLOAD;
     while (h->max_rw >= USB_FFS_BULK_SIZE && retries < ENDPOINT_ALLOC_RETRIES) {
         int ret_in = ioctl(h->bulk_in, FUNCTIONFS_ENDPOINT_ALLOC, static_cast<__u32>(h->max_rw));
@@ -410,6 +434,65 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
+static int usb_ffs_do_aio(usb_handle* h, const void* data, int len, bool read) {
+    aio_block* aiob = read ? &h->read_aiob : &h->write_aiob;
+    bool zero_packet = false;
+
+    int num_bufs = len / USB_FFS_BULK_SIZE + (len % USB_FFS_BULK_SIZE == 0 ? 0 : 1);
+    const char* cur_data = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(data);
+    int packet_size = getMaxPacketSize(aiob->fd);
+
+    if (posix_madvise(const_cast<void*>(data), len, POSIX_MADV_SEQUENTIAL | POSIX_MADV_WILLNEED) <
+        0) {
+        D("[ Failed to madvise: %d ]", errno);
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_bufs; i++) {
+        int buf_len = std::min(len, USB_FFS_BULK_SIZE);
+        io_prep(&aiob->iocb[i], aiob->fd, cur_data, buf_len, 0, read);
+
+        len -= buf_len;
+        cur_data += buf_len;
+
+        if (len == 0 && buf_len % packet_size == 0 && read) {
+            // adb does not expect the device to send a zero packet after data transfer,
+            // but the host *does* send a zero packet for the device to read.
+            zero_packet = true;
+        }
+    }
+    if (zero_packet) {
+        io_prep(&aiob->iocb[num_bufs], aiob->fd, reinterpret_cast<const void*>(cur_data),
+                packet_size, 0, read);
+        num_bufs += 1;
+    }
+
+    if (io_submit(aiob->ctx, num_bufs, aiob->iocbs.data()) < num_bufs) {
+        D("[ aio: got error submitting %s (%d) ]", read ? "read" : "write", errno);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
+            io_getevents(aiob->ctx, num_bufs, num_bufs, aiob->events.data(), nullptr)) < num_bufs) {
+        D("[ aio: got error waiting %s (%d) ]", read ? "read" : "write", errno);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < num_bufs; i++) {
+        if (aiob->events[i].res < 0) {
+            errno = aiob->events[i].res;
+            D("[ aio: got error event on %s (%d) ]", read ? "read" : "write", errno);
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int usb_ffs_aio_read(usb_handle* h, void* data, int len) {
+    return usb_ffs_do_aio(h, data, len, true);
+}
+
+static int usb_ffs_aio_write(usb_handle* h, const void* data, int len) {
+    return usb_ffs_do_aio(h, data, len, false);
+}
+
 static void usb_ffs_kick(usb_handle* h) {
     int err;
 
@@ -438,6 +521,9 @@
     h->kicked = false;
     adb_close(h->bulk_out);
     adb_close(h->bulk_in);
+    io_destroy(h->read_aiob.ctx);
+    io_destroy(h->write_aiob.ctx);
+
     // Notify usb_adb_open_thread to open a new connection.
     h->lock.lock();
     h->open_new_connection = true;
@@ -450,8 +536,17 @@
 
     usb_handle* h = new usb_handle();
 
-    h->write = usb_ffs_write;
-    h->read = usb_ffs_read;
+    if (android::base::GetBoolProperty("sys.usb.ffs.aio_compat", false)) {
+        // Devices on older kernels (< 3.18) will not have aio support for ffs
+        // unless backported. Fall back on the non-aio functions instead.
+        h->write = usb_ffs_write;
+        h->read = usb_ffs_read;
+    } else {
+        h->write = usb_ffs_aio_write;
+        h->read = usb_ffs_aio_read;
+        aio_block_init(&h->read_aiob);
+        aio_block_init(&h->write_aiob);
+    }
     h->kick = usb_ffs_kick;
     h->close = usb_ffs_close;
 
diff --git a/adb/daemon/usb.h b/adb/daemon/usb.h
index 55b5995..db1a6d6 100644
--- a/adb/daemon/usb.h
+++ b/adb/daemon/usb.h
@@ -20,6 +20,17 @@
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
 
+#include <asyncio/AsyncIO.h>
+
+struct aio_block {
+    std::vector<struct iocb> iocb;
+    std::vector<struct iocb*> iocbs;
+    std::vector<struct io_event> events;
+    aio_context_t ctx;
+    int num_submitted;
+    int fd;
+};
+
 struct usb_handle {
     usb_handle() : kicked(false) {
     }
@@ -39,7 +50,11 @@
     int bulk_out = -1; /* "out" from the host's perspective => source for adbd */
     int bulk_in = -1;  /* "in" from the host's perspective => sink for adbd */
 
+    // Access to these blocks is very not thread safe. Have one block for both the
+    // read and write threads.
+    struct aio_block read_aiob;
+    struct aio_block write_aiob;
+
     int max_rw;
 };
 
-bool init_functionfs(struct usb_handle* h);
diff --git a/adb/file_sync_client.cpp b/adb/file_sync_client.cpp
index 2576fb1..26f8d83 100644
--- a/adb/file_sync_client.cpp
+++ b/adb/file_sync_client.cpp
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@
         syncsendbuf sbuf;
         sbuf.id = ID_DATA;
         while (true) {
-            int bytes_read = adb_read(lfd, sbuf.data, max);
+            int bytes_read = adb_read(lfd, sbuf.data, max - sizeof(SyncRequest));
             if (bytes_read == -1) {
                 Error("reading '%s' locally failed: %s", lpath, strerror(errno));
                 adb_close(lfd);
diff --git a/adb/file_sync_service.cpp b/adb/file_sync_service.cpp
index 2acf661..c6f3e66 100644
--- a/adb/file_sync_service.cpp
+++ b/adb/file_sync_service.cpp
@@ -206,6 +206,12 @@
     __android_log_security_bswrite(SEC_TAG_ADB_SEND_FILE, path);
 
     int fd = adb_open_mode(path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_CLOEXEC, mode);
+
+    if (posix_fadvise(fd, 0, 0, POSIX_FADV_SEQUENTIAL | POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE | POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED) <
+        0) {
+        D("[ Failed to fadvise: %d ]", errno);
+    }
+
     if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT) {
         if (!secure_mkdirs(android::base::Dirname(path))) {
             SendSyncFailErrno(s, "secure_mkdirs failed");
@@ -283,25 +289,25 @@
     // reading and throwing away ID_DATA packets until the other side notices
     // that we've reported an error.
     while (true) {
-        if (!ReadFdExactly(s, &msg.data, sizeof(msg.data))) goto fail;
+        if (!ReadFdExactly(s, &msg.data, sizeof(msg.data))) break;
 
         if (msg.data.id == ID_DONE) {
-            goto abort;
+            break;
         } else if (msg.data.id != ID_DATA) {
             char id[5];
             memcpy(id, &msg.data.id, sizeof(msg.data.id));
             id[4] = '\0';
             D("handle_send_fail received unexpected id '%s' during failure", id);
-            goto abort;
+            break;
         }
 
         if (msg.data.size > buffer.size()) {
             D("handle_send_fail received oversized packet of length '%u' during failure",
               msg.data.size);
-            goto abort;
+            break;
         }
 
-        if (!ReadFdExactly(s, &buffer[0], msg.data.size)) goto abort;
+        if (!ReadFdExactly(s, &buffer[0], msg.data.size)) break;
     }
 
 abort:
@@ -413,10 +419,14 @@
         return false;
     }
 
+    if (posix_fadvise(fd, 0, 0, POSIX_FADV_SEQUENTIAL | POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE) < 0) {
+        D("[ Failed to fadvise: %d ]", errno);
+    }
+
     syncmsg msg;
     msg.data.id = ID_DATA;
     while (true) {
-        int r = adb_read(fd, &buffer[0], buffer.size());
+        int r = adb_read(fd, &buffer[0], buffer.size() - sizeof(msg.data));
         if (r <= 0) {
             if (r == 0) break;
             SendSyncFailErrno(s, "read failed");
diff --git a/adb/test_adb.py b/adb/test_adb.py
index cb3e0d8..98c8a59 100644
--- a/adb/test_adb.py
+++ b/adb/test_adb.py
@@ -60,13 +60,13 @@
                              stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
         out, _ = p.communicate()
         self.assertEqual(1, p.returncode)
-        self.assertIn('help message', out)
+        self.assertIn('requires an argument', out)
 
         p = subprocess.Popen(['adb', 'tcpip', 'foo'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                              stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
         out, _ = p.communicate()
         self.assertEqual(1, p.returncode)
-        self.assertIn('error', out)
+        self.assertIn('invalid port', out)
 
     # Helper method that reads a pipe until it is closed, then sets the event.
     def _read_pipe_and_set_event(self, pipe, event):
diff --git a/adb/transport_usb.cpp b/adb/transport_usb.cpp
index 7e8ae67..6768d31 100644
--- a/adb/transport_usb.cpp
+++ b/adb/transport_usb.cpp
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@
     D("UsbReadMessage");
 
     size_t usb_packet_size = usb_get_max_packet_size(h);
-    CHECK(usb_packet_size >= sizeof(*msg));
-    CHECK(usb_packet_size < 4096);
+    CHECK_GE(usb_packet_size, sizeof(*msg));
+    CHECK_LT(usb_packet_size, 4096ULL);
 
     char buffer[4096];
     int n = usb_read(h, buffer, usb_packet_size);
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
     D("UsbReadPayload(%d)", p->msg.data_length);
 
     size_t usb_packet_size = usb_get_max_packet_size(h);
-    CHECK(sizeof(p->data) % usb_packet_size == 0);
+    CHECK_EQ(0ULL, sizeof(p->data) % usb_packet_size);
 
     // Round the data length up to the nearest packet size boundary.
     // The device won't send a zero packet for packet size aligned payloads,
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
     if (rem_size) {
         len += usb_packet_size - rem_size;
     }
-    CHECK(len <= sizeof(p->data));
+    CHECK_LE(len, sizeof(p->data));
     return usb_read(h, &p->data, len);
 }
 
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/macros.h b/base/include/android-base/macros.h
index 88bbe8a..25f2ff4 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/macros.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/macros.h
@@ -179,4 +179,19 @@
   } while (0)
 #endif
 
+// Current ABI string
+#if defined(__arm__)
+#define ABI_STRING "arm"
+#elif defined(__aarch64__)
+#define ABI_STRING "arm64"
+#elif defined(__i386__)
+#define ABI_STRING "x86"
+#elif defined(__x86_64__)
+#define ABI_STRING "x86_64"
+#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
+#define ABI_STRING "mips"
+#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
+#define ABI_STRING "mips64"
+#endif
+
 #endif  // ANDROID_BASE_MACROS_H
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/unique_fd.h b/base/include/android-base/unique_fd.h
index 6cfcfcd..5d89271 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/unique_fd.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/unique_fd.h
@@ -17,6 +17,13 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_BASE_UNIQUE_FD_H
 #define ANDROID_BASE_UNIQUE_FD_H
 
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 // DO NOT INCLUDE OTHER LIBBASE HEADERS!
@@ -88,6 +95,49 @@
 
 using unique_fd = unique_fd_impl<DefaultCloser>;
 
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
+
+// Inline functions, so that they can be used header-only.
+inline bool Pipe(unique_fd* read, unique_fd* write) {
+  int pipefd[2];
+
+#if defined(__linux__)
+  if (pipe2(pipefd, O_CLOEXEC) != 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+#else  // defined(__APPLE__)
+  if (pipe(pipefd) != 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (fcntl(pipefd[0], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) != 0 || fcntl(pipefd[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) != 0) {
+    close(pipefd[0]);
+    close(pipefd[1]);
+    return false;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  read->reset(pipefd[0]);
+  write->reset(pipefd[1]);
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline bool Socketpair(int domain, int type, int protocol, unique_fd* left, unique_fd* right) {
+  int sockfd[2];
+  if (socketpair(domain, type, protocol, sockfd) != 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  left->reset(sockfd[0]);
+  right->reset(sockfd[1]);
+  return true;
+}
+
+inline bool Socketpair(int type, unique_fd* left, unique_fd* right) {
+  return Socketpair(AF_UNIX, type, 0, left, right);
+}
+
+#endif  // !defined(_WIN32)
+
 }  // namespace base
 }  // namespace android
 
diff --git a/debuggerd/Android.bp b/debuggerd/Android.bp
index 7d17cd9..2b5f4f6 100644
--- a/debuggerd/Android.bp
+++ b/debuggerd/Android.bp
@@ -66,7 +66,10 @@
     defaults: ["debuggerd_defaults"],
     srcs: ["handler/debuggerd_handler.cpp"],
 
-    header_libs: ["libdebuggerd_common_headers"],
+    header_libs: [
+        "libbase_headers",
+        "libdebuggerd_common_headers",
+    ],
 
     whole_static_libs: [
         "libasync_safe",
diff --git a/debuggerd/handler/debuggerd_handler.cpp b/debuggerd/handler/debuggerd_handler.cpp
index 1275229..d41dc67 100644
--- a/debuggerd/handler/debuggerd_handler.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/handler/debuggerd_handler.cpp
@@ -48,10 +48,13 @@
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <async_safe/log.h>
 
 #include "dump_type.h"
 
+using android::base::unique_fd;
+
 // see man(2) prctl, specifically the section about PR_GET_NAME
 #define MAX_TASK_NAME_LEN (16)
 
@@ -117,13 +120,12 @@
 }
 
 static bool get_main_thread_name(char* buf, size_t len) {
-  int fd = open("/proc/self/comm", O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
+  unique_fd fd(open("/proc/self/comm", O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
   if (fd == -1) {
     return false;
   }
 
   ssize_t rc = read(fd, buf, len);
-  close(fd);
   if (rc == -1) {
     return false;
   } else if (rc == 0) {
@@ -302,8 +304,8 @@
   TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(devnull, STDOUT_FILENO));
   TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(devnull, STDERR_FILENO));
 
-  int pipefds[2];
-  if (pipe(pipefds) != 0) {
+  unique_fd pipe_read, pipe_write;
+  if (!android::base::Pipe(&pipe_read, &pipe_write)) {
     fatal_errno("failed to create pipe");
   }
 
@@ -313,9 +315,9 @@
     async_safe_format_log(ANDROID_LOG_FATAL, "libc",
                           "failed to fork in debuggerd signal handler: %s", strerror(errno));
   } else if (forkpid == 0) {
-    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(pipefds[1], STDOUT_FILENO));
-    close(pipefds[0]);
-    close(pipefds[1]);
+    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(dup2(pipe_write.get(), STDOUT_FILENO));
+    pipe_write.reset();
+    pipe_read.reset();
 
     raise_caps();
 
@@ -333,9 +335,9 @@
 
     fatal_errno("exec failed");
   } else {
-    close(pipefds[1]);
+    pipe_write.reset();
     char buf[4];
-    ssize_t rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(pipefds[0], &buf, sizeof(buf)));
+    ssize_t rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(pipe_read.get(), &buf, sizeof(buf)));
     if (rc == -1) {
       async_safe_format_log(ANDROID_LOG_FATAL, "libc", "read of IPC pipe failed: %s",
                             strerror(errno));
@@ -351,7 +353,7 @@
         thread_info->crash_dump_started = true;
       }
     }
-    close(pipefds[0]);
+    pipe_read.reset();
 
     // Don't leave a zombie child.
     int status;
diff --git a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/include/utility.h b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/include/utility.h
index e5e5106..f481b78 100644
--- a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/include/utility.h
+++ b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/include/utility.h
@@ -24,26 +24,9 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
+#include <android-base/macros.h>
 #include <backtrace/Backtrace.h>
 
-// Figure out the abi based on defined macros.
-#if defined(__arm__)
-#define ABI_STRING "arm"
-#elif defined(__aarch64__)
-#define ABI_STRING "arm64"
-#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
-#define ABI_STRING "mips"
-#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
-#define ABI_STRING "mips64"
-#elif defined(__i386__)
-#define ABI_STRING "x86"
-#elif defined(__x86_64__)
-#define ABI_STRING "x86_64"
-#else
-#error "Unsupported ABI"
-#endif
-
-
 struct log_t{
     // Tombstone file descriptor.
     int tfd;
diff --git a/debuggerd/util.cpp b/debuggerd/util.cpp
index c6a997b..0bb07ac 100644
--- a/debuggerd/util.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/util.cpp
@@ -86,13 +86,3 @@
 
   return result;
 }
-
-bool Pipe(unique_fd* read, unique_fd* write) {
-  int pipefds[2];
-  if (pipe(pipefds) != 0) {
-    return false;
-  }
-  read->reset(pipefds[0]);
-  write->reset(pipefds[1]);
-  return true;
-}
diff --git a/debuggerd/util.h b/debuggerd/util.h
index 6051714..171e07a 100644
--- a/debuggerd/util.h
+++ b/debuggerd/util.h
@@ -42,5 +42,3 @@
 //   plus any errors returned by the underlying recvmsg.
 ssize_t recv_fd(int sockfd, void* _Nonnull data, size_t len,
                 android::base::unique_fd* _Nullable out_fd);
-
-bool Pipe(android::base::unique_fd* read, android::base::unique_fd* write);
diff --git a/init/Android.bp b/init/Android.bp
index b1f0279..8737def 100644
--- a/init/Android.bp
+++ b/init/Android.bp
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@
                 "-DSHUTDOWN_ZERO_TIMEOUT=1",
             ],
         },
+        uml: {
+            cppflags: ["-DUSER_MODE_LINUX"],
+        }
     },
 }
 
@@ -69,10 +72,12 @@
         "import_parser.cpp",
         "log.cpp",
         "parser.cpp",
+        "persistent_properties.cpp",
         "property_service.cpp",
         "security.cpp",
         "selinux.cpp",
         "service.cpp",
+        "rlimit_parser.cpp",
         "tokenizer.cpp",
         "uevent_listener.cpp",
         "ueventd_parser.cpp",
@@ -158,8 +163,10 @@
     srcs: [
         "devices_test.cpp",
         "init_test.cpp",
+        "persistent_properties_test.cpp",
         "property_service_test.cpp",
         "result_test.cpp",
+        "rlimit_parser_test.cpp",
         "service_test.cpp",
         "ueventd_test.cpp",
         "util_test.cpp",
diff --git a/init/Android.mk b/init/Android.mk
index 3886ed5..23ada73 100644
--- a/init/Android.mk
+++ b/init/Android.mk
@@ -30,10 +30,6 @@
 
 init_options += -DLOG_UEVENTS=0
 
-ifeq ($(TARGET_USER_MODE_LINUX), true)
-    init_cflags += -DUSER_MODE_LINUX
-endif
-
 init_cflags += \
     $(init_options) \
     -Wall -Wextra \
diff --git a/init/README.md b/init/README.md
index 0ea00fb..b681f21 100644
--- a/init/README.md
+++ b/init/README.md
@@ -216,6 +216,12 @@
   http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/capabilities.7.html for a list of Linux
   capabilities.
 
+`setrlimit <resource> <cur> <max>`
+> This applies the given rlimit to the service. rlimits are inherited by child
+  processes, so this effectively applies the given rlimit to the process tree
+  started by this service.
+  It is parsed similarly to the setrlimit command specified below.
+
 `seclabel <seclabel>`
 > Change to 'seclabel' before exec'ing this service.
   Primarily for use by services run from the rootfs, e.g. ueventd, adbd.
@@ -455,7 +461,11 @@
   within _value_.
 
 `setrlimit <resource> <cur> <max>`
-> Set the rlimit for a resource.
+> Set the rlimit for a resource. This applies to all processes launched after
+  the limit is set. It is intended to be set early in init and applied globally.
+  _resource_ is best specified using its text representation ('cpu', 'rtio', etc
+  or 'RLIM_CPU', 'RLIM_RTIO', etc). It also may be specified as the int value
+  that the resource enum corresponds to.
 
 `start <service>`
 > Start a service running if it is not already running.
diff --git a/init/builtins.cpp b/init/builtins.cpp
index 54ccf09..e2e3d93 100644
--- a/init/builtins.cpp
+++ b/init/builtins.cpp
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@
 #include "parser.h"
 #include "property_service.h"
 #include "reboot.h"
+#include "rlimit_parser.h"
 #include "service.h"
 #include "signal_handler.h"
 #include "util.h"
@@ -563,20 +564,10 @@
 }
 
 static Result<Success> do_setrlimit(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
-    int resource;
-    if (!android::base::ParseInt(args[1], &resource)) {
-        return Error() << "unable to parse resource, " << args[1];
-    }
+    auto rlimit = ParseRlimit(args);
+    if (!rlimit) return rlimit.error();
 
-    struct rlimit limit;
-    if (!android::base::ParseUint(args[2], &limit.rlim_cur)) {
-        return Error() << "unable to parse rlim_cur, " << args[2];
-    }
-    if (!android::base::ParseUint(args[3], &limit.rlim_max)) {
-        return Error() << "unable to parse rlim_max, " << args[3];
-    }
-
-    if (setrlimit(resource, &limit) == -1) {
+    if (setrlimit(rlimit->first, &rlimit->second) == -1) {
         return ErrnoError() << "setrlimit failed";
     }
     return Success();
diff --git a/init/init.cpp b/init/init.cpp
index e1bd3a2..678f49f 100644
--- a/init/init.cpp
+++ b/init/init.cpp
@@ -177,7 +177,9 @@
 
         auto restart_time = s->time_started() + 5s;
         if (boot_clock::now() > restart_time) {
-            s->Start();
+            if (auto result = s->Start(); !result) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Could not restart process '" << s->name() << "': " << result.error();
+            }
         } else {
             if (!next_process_restart_time || restart_time < *next_process_restart_time) {
                 next_process_restart_time = restart_time;
@@ -195,7 +197,9 @@
     }
 
     if (msg == "start") {
-        svc->Start();
+        if (auto result = svc->Start(); !result) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Could not ctl.start service '" << name << "': " << result.error();
+        }
     } else if (msg == "stop") {
         svc->Stop();
     } else if (msg == "restart") {
@@ -354,7 +358,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-static void install_reboot_signal_handlers() {
+static void InstallRebootSignalHandlers() {
     // Instead of panic'ing the kernel as is the default behavior when init crashes,
     // we prefer to reboot to bootloader on development builds, as this will prevent
     // boot looping bad configurations and allow both developers and test farms to easily
@@ -362,7 +366,13 @@
     struct sigaction action;
     memset(&action, 0, sizeof(action));
     sigfillset(&action.sa_mask);
-    action.sa_handler = [](int) {
+    action.sa_handler = [](int signal) {
+        // These signal handlers are also caught for processes forked from init, however we do not
+        // want them to trigger reboot, so we directly call _exit() for children processes here.
+        if (getpid() != 1) {
+            _exit(signal);
+        }
+
         // Calling DoReboot() or LOG(FATAL) is not a good option as this is a signal handler.
         // RebootSystem uses syscall() which isn't actually async-signal-safe, but our only option
         // and probably good enough given this is already an error case and only enabled for
@@ -392,7 +402,7 @@
     }
 
     if (REBOOT_BOOTLOADER_ON_PANIC) {
-        install_reboot_signal_handlers();
+        InstallRebootSignalHandlers();
     }
 
     bool is_first_stage = (getenv("INIT_SECOND_STAGE") == nullptr);
diff --git a/init/keychords.cpp b/init/keychords.cpp
index 2ef0ce7..e686ce1 100644
--- a/init/keychords.cpp
+++ b/init/keychords.cpp
@@ -81,8 +81,11 @@
     if (adb_enabled == "running") {
         Service* svc = ServiceList::GetInstance().FindService(id, &Service::keychord_id);
         if (svc) {
-            LOG(INFO) << "Starting service " << svc->name() << " from keychord " << id;
-            svc->Start();
+            LOG(INFO) << "Starting service '" << svc->name() << "' from keychord " << id;
+            if (auto result = svc->Start(); !result) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Could not start service '" << svc->name() << "' from keychord " << id
+                           << ": " << result.error();
+            }
         } else {
             LOG(ERROR) << "Service for keychord " << id << " not found";
         }
diff --git a/init/log.cpp b/init/log.cpp
index 391bc1f..6198fc2 100644
--- a/init/log.cpp
+++ b/init/log.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <linux/audit.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <cutils/android_reboot.h>
@@ -29,7 +30,14 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace init {
 
-static void RebootAborter(const char* abort_message) {
+static void InitAborter(const char* abort_message) {
+    // When init forks, it continues to use this aborter for LOG(FATAL), but we want children to
+    // simply abort instead of trying to reboot the system.
+    if (getpid() != 1) {
+        android::base::DefaultAborter(abort_message);
+        return;
+    }
+
     // DoReboot() does a lot to try to shutdown the system cleanly.  If something happens to call
     // LOG(FATAL) in the shutdown path, we want to catch this and immediately use the syscall to
     // reboot instead of recursing here.
@@ -49,7 +57,7 @@
     int fd = open("/sys/fs/selinux/null", O_RDWR);
     if (fd == -1) {
         int saved_errno = errno;
-        android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::KernelLogger, RebootAborter);
+        android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::KernelLogger, InitAborter);
         errno = saved_errno;
         PLOG(FATAL) << "Couldn't open /sys/fs/selinux/null";
     }
@@ -58,7 +66,7 @@
     dup2(fd, 2);
     if (fd > 2) close(fd);
 
-    android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::KernelLogger, RebootAborter);
+    android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::KernelLogger, InitAborter);
 }
 
 int selinux_klog_callback(int type, const char *fmt, ...) {
diff --git a/init/persistent_properties.cpp b/init/persistent_properties.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66fa011
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/persistent_properties.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "persistent_properties.h"
+
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/system_properties.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+
+#include "util.h"
+
+using android::base::ReadFdToString;
+using android::base::StartsWith;
+using android::base::WriteStringToFd;
+using android::base::unique_fd;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+std::string persistent_property_filename = "/data/property/persistent_properties";
+
+namespace {
+
+constexpr const uint32_t kMagic = 0x8495E0B4;
+constexpr const char kLegacyPersistentPropertyDir[] = "/data/property";
+
+Result<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>> LoadLegacyPersistentProperties() {
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(kLegacyPersistentPropertyDir), closedir);
+    if (!dir) {
+        return ErrnoError() << "Unable to open persistent property directory \""
+                            << kLegacyPersistentPropertyDir << "\"";
+    }
+
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> persistent_properties;
+    dirent* entry;
+    while ((entry = readdir(dir.get())) != nullptr) {
+        if (!StartsWith(entry->d_name, "persist.")) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (entry->d_type != DT_REG) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        unique_fd fd(openat(dirfd(dir.get()), entry->d_name, O_RDONLY | O_NOFOLLOW));
+        if (fd == -1) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to open persistent property file \"" << entry->d_name << "\"";
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        struct stat sb;
+        if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "fstat on property file \"" << entry->d_name << "\" failed";
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // File must not be accessible to others, be owned by root/root, and
+        // not be a hard link to any other file.
+        if (((sb.st_mode & (S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO)) != 0) || sb.st_uid != 0 || sb.st_gid != 0 ||
+            sb.st_nlink != 1) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "skipping insecure property file " << entry->d_name
+                        << " (uid=" << sb.st_uid << " gid=" << sb.st_gid << " nlink=" << sb.st_nlink
+                        << " mode=" << std::oct << sb.st_mode << ")";
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        std::string value;
+        if (ReadFdToString(fd, &value)) {
+            persistent_properties.emplace_back(entry->d_name, value);
+        } else {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to read persistent property file " << entry->d_name;
+        }
+    }
+    return persistent_properties;
+}
+
+void RemoveLegacyPersistentPropertyFiles() {
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(kLegacyPersistentPropertyDir), closedir);
+    if (!dir) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to open persistent property directory \""
+                    << kLegacyPersistentPropertyDir << "\"";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    dirent* entry;
+    while ((entry = readdir(dir.get())) != nullptr) {
+        if (!StartsWith(entry->d_name, "persist.")) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (entry->d_type != DT_REG) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        unlinkat(dirfd(dir.get()), entry->d_name, 0);
+    }
+}
+
+std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> LoadPersistentPropertiesFromMemory() {
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> properties;
+    __system_property_foreach(
+        [](const prop_info* pi, void* cookie) {
+            __system_property_read_callback(
+                pi,
+                [](void* cookie, const char* name, const char* value, unsigned serial) {
+                    if (StartsWith(name, "persist.")) {
+                        auto properties =
+                            reinterpret_cast<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>*>(
+                                cookie);
+                        properties->emplace_back(name, value);
+                    }
+                },
+                cookie);
+        },
+        &properties);
+    return properties;
+}
+
+class PersistentPropertyFileParser {
+  public:
+    PersistentPropertyFileParser(const std::string& contents) : contents_(contents), position_(0) {}
+    Result<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>> Parse();
+
+  private:
+    Result<std::string> ReadString();
+    Result<uint32_t> ReadUint32();
+
+    const std::string& contents_;
+    size_t position_;
+};
+
+Result<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>> PersistentPropertyFileParser::Parse() {
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> result;
+
+    if (auto magic = ReadUint32(); magic) {
+        if (*magic != kMagic) {
+            return Error() << "Magic value '0x" << std::hex << *magic
+                           << "' does not match expected value '0x" << kMagic << "'";
+        }
+    } else {
+        return Error() << "Could not read magic value: " << magic.error();
+    }
+
+    if (auto version = ReadUint32(); version) {
+        if (*version != 1) {
+            return Error() << "Version '" << *version
+                           << "' does not match any compatible version: (1)";
+        }
+    } else {
+        return Error() << "Could not read version: " << version.error();
+    }
+
+    auto num_properties = ReadUint32();
+    if (!num_properties) {
+        return Error() << "Could not read num_properties: " << num_properties.error();
+    }
+
+    while (position_ < contents_.size()) {
+        auto key = ReadString();
+        if (!key) {
+            return Error() << "Could not read key: " << key.error();
+        }
+        if (!StartsWith(*key, "persist.")) {
+            return Error() << "Property '" << *key << "' does not starts with 'persist.'";
+        }
+        auto value = ReadString();
+        if (!value) {
+            return Error() << "Could not read value: " << value.error();
+        }
+        result.emplace_back(*key, *value);
+    }
+
+    if (result.size() != *num_properties) {
+        return Error() << "Mismatch of number of persistent properties read, " << result.size()
+                       << " and number of persistent properties expected, " << *num_properties;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+Result<std::string> PersistentPropertyFileParser::ReadString() {
+    auto string_length = ReadUint32();
+    if (!string_length) {
+        return Error() << "Could not read size for string";
+    }
+
+    if (position_ + *string_length > contents_.size()) {
+        return Error() << "String size would cause it to overflow the input buffer";
+    }
+    auto result = std::string(contents_, position_, *string_length);
+    position_ += *string_length;
+    return result;
+}
+
+Result<uint32_t> PersistentPropertyFileParser::ReadUint32() {
+    if (position_ + 3 > contents_.size()) {
+        return Error() << "Input buffer not large enough to read uint32_t";
+    }
+    uint32_t result = *reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(&contents_[position_]);
+    position_ += sizeof(uint32_t);
+    return result;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+Result<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>> LoadPersistentPropertyFile() {
+    const std::string temp_filename = persistent_property_filename + ".tmp";
+    if (access(temp_filename.c_str(), F_OK) == 0) {
+        LOG(INFO)
+            << "Found temporary property file while attempting to persistent system properties"
+               " a previous persistent property write may have failed";
+        unlink(temp_filename.c_str());
+    }
+    auto file_contents = ReadFile(persistent_property_filename);
+    if (!file_contents) {
+        return Error() << "Unable to read persistent property file: " << file_contents.error();
+    }
+    auto parsed_contents = PersistentPropertyFileParser(*file_contents).Parse();
+    if (!parsed_contents) {
+        // If the file cannot be parsed, then we don't have any recovery mechanisms, so we delete
+        // it to allow for future writes to take place successfully.
+        unlink(persistent_property_filename.c_str());
+        return Error() << "Unable to parse persistent property file: " << parsed_contents.error();
+    }
+    return parsed_contents;
+}
+
+std::string GenerateFileContents(
+    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>& persistent_properties) {
+    std::string result;
+
+    uint32_t magic = kMagic;
+    result.append(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&magic), sizeof(uint32_t));
+
+    uint32_t version = 1;
+    result.append(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&version), sizeof(uint32_t));
+
+    uint32_t num_properties = persistent_properties.size();
+    result.append(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&num_properties), sizeof(uint32_t));
+
+    for (const auto& [key, value] : persistent_properties) {
+        uint32_t key_length = key.length();
+        result.append(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&key_length), sizeof(uint32_t));
+        result.append(key);
+        uint32_t value_length = value.length();
+        result.append(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&value_length), sizeof(uint32_t));
+        result.append(value);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+Result<Success> WritePersistentPropertyFile(
+    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>& persistent_properties) {
+    auto file_contents = GenerateFileContents(persistent_properties);
+
+    const std::string temp_filename = persistent_property_filename + ".tmp";
+    unique_fd fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
+        open(temp_filename.c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_NOFOLLOW | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC, 0600)));
+    if (fd == -1) {
+        return ErrnoError() << "Could not open temporary properties file";
+    }
+    if (!WriteStringToFd(file_contents, fd)) {
+        return ErrnoError() << "Unable to write file contents";
+    }
+    fsync(fd);
+    fd.reset();
+
+    if (rename(temp_filename.c_str(), persistent_property_filename.c_str())) {
+        int saved_errno = errno;
+        unlink(temp_filename.c_str());
+        return Error(saved_errno) << "Unable to rename persistent property file";
+    }
+    return Success();
+}
+
+// Persistent properties are not written often, so we rather not keep any data in memory and read
+// then rewrite the persistent property file for each update.
+void WritePersistentProperty(const std::string& name, const std::string& value) {
+    auto persistent_properties = LoadPersistentPropertyFile();
+    if (!persistent_properties) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Recovering persistent properties from memory: "
+                   << persistent_properties.error();
+        persistent_properties = LoadPersistentPropertiesFromMemory();
+    }
+    auto it = std::find_if(persistent_properties->begin(), persistent_properties->end(),
+                           [&name](const auto& entry) { return entry.first == name; });
+    if (it != persistent_properties->end()) {
+        *it = {name, value};
+    } else {
+        persistent_properties->emplace_back(name, value);
+    }
+
+    if (auto result = WritePersistentPropertyFile(*persistent_properties); !result) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Could not store persistent property: " << result.error();
+    }
+}
+
+std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> LoadPersistentProperties() {
+    auto persistent_properties = LoadPersistentPropertyFile();
+
+    if (!persistent_properties) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Could not load single persistent property file, trying legacy directory: "
+                   << persistent_properties.error();
+        persistent_properties = LoadLegacyPersistentProperties();
+        if (!persistent_properties) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to load legacy persistent properties: "
+                       << persistent_properties.error();
+            return {};
+        }
+        if (auto result = WritePersistentPropertyFile(*persistent_properties); result) {
+            RemoveLegacyPersistentPropertyFiles();
+        } else {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to write single persistent property file: " << result.error();
+            // Fall through so that we still set the properties that we've read.
+        }
+    }
+
+    return *persistent_properties;
+}
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/init/persistent_properties.h b/init/persistent_properties.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d84d9db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/persistent_properties.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _INIT_PERSISTENT_PROPERTIES_H
+#define _INIT_PERSISTENT_PROPERTIES_H
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "result.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> LoadPersistentProperties();
+void WritePersistentProperty(const std::string& name, const std::string& value);
+
+// Exposed only for testing
+Result<std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>> LoadPersistentPropertyFile();
+std::string GenerateFileContents(
+    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>& persistent_properties);
+Result<Success> WritePersistentPropertyFile(
+    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>>& persistent_properties);
+extern std::string persistent_property_filename;
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif
diff --git a/init/persistent_properties_test.cpp b/init/persistent_properties_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ab5b22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/persistent_properties_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "persistent_properties.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include <android-base/test_utils.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "util.h"
+
+using namespace std::string_literals;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+TEST(persistent_properties, GeneratedContents) {
+    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> persistent_properties = {
+        {"persist.abc", ""},
+        {"persist.def", "test_success"},
+    };
+    auto generated_contents = GenerateFileContents(persistent_properties);
+
+    // Manually serialized contents below:
+    std::string file_contents;
+    // All values below are written and read as little endian.
+    // Add magic value: 0x8495E0B4
+    file_contents += "\xB4\xE0\x95\x84"s;
+    // Add version: 1
+    file_contents += "\x01\x00\x00\x00"s;
+    // Add number of properties: 2
+    file_contents += "\x02\x00\x00\x00"s;
+
+    // Add first key: persist.abc
+    file_contents += "\x0B\x00\x00\x00persist.abc"s;
+    // Add first value: (empty string)
+    file_contents += "\x00\x00\x00\x00"s;
+
+    // Add second key: persist.def
+    file_contents += "\x0B\x00\x00\x00persist.def"s;
+    // Add second value: test_success
+    file_contents += "\x0C\x00\x00\x00test_success"s;
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(file_contents, generated_contents);
+}
+
+TEST(persistent_properties, EndToEnd) {
+    TemporaryFile tf;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(tf.fd != -1);
+    persistent_property_filename = tf.path;
+
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> persistent_properties = {
+        {"persist.sys.locale", "en-US"},
+        {"persist.sys.timezone", "America/Los_Angeles"},
+        {"persist.test.empty.value", ""},
+        {"persist.test.new.line", "abc\n\n\nabc"},
+        {"persist.test.numbers", "1234567890"},
+        {"persist.test.non.ascii", "\x00\x01\x02\xFF\xFE\xFD\x7F\x8F\x9F"},
+        // We don't currently allow for non-ascii keys for system properties, but this is a policy
+        // decision, not a technical limitation.
+        {"persist.\x00\x01\x02\xFF\xFE\xFD\x7F\x8F\x9F", "non-ascii-key"},
+    };
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(WritePersistentPropertyFile(persistent_properties));
+
+    auto read_back_properties = LoadPersistentProperties();
+    EXPECT_EQ(persistent_properties, read_back_properties);
+}
+
+TEST(persistent_properties, BadMagic) {
+    TemporaryFile tf;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(tf.fd != -1);
+    persistent_property_filename = tf.path;
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(WriteFile(tf.path, "ab"));
+
+    auto read_back_properties = LoadPersistentPropertyFile();
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(read_back_properties);
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+        "Unable to parse persistent property file: Could not read magic value: Input buffer not "
+        "large enough to read uint32_t",
+        read_back_properties.error_string());
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(WriteFile(tf.path, "\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF"));
+
+    read_back_properties = LoadPersistentPropertyFile();
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(read_back_properties);
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+        "Unable to parse persistent property file: Magic value '0xffffffff' does not match "
+        "expected value '0x8495e0b4'",
+        read_back_properties.error_string());
+}
+
+TEST(persistent_properties, AddProperty) {
+    TemporaryFile tf;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(tf.fd != -1);
+    persistent_property_filename = tf.path;
+
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> persistent_properties = {
+        {"persist.sys.timezone", "America/Los_Angeles"},
+    };
+    ASSERT_TRUE(WritePersistentPropertyFile(persistent_properties));
+
+    WritePersistentProperty("persist.sys.locale", "pt-BR");
+
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> persistent_properties_expected = {
+        {"persist.sys.timezone", "America/Los_Angeles"},
+        {"persist.sys.locale", "pt-BR"},
+    };
+
+    auto read_back_properties = LoadPersistentProperties();
+    EXPECT_EQ(persistent_properties_expected, read_back_properties);
+}
+
+TEST(persistent_properties, UpdateProperty) {
+    TemporaryFile tf;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(tf.fd != -1);
+    persistent_property_filename = tf.path;
+
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> persistent_properties = {
+        {"persist.sys.locale", "en-US"},
+        {"persist.sys.timezone", "America/Los_Angeles"},
+    };
+    ASSERT_TRUE(WritePersistentPropertyFile(persistent_properties));
+
+    WritePersistentProperty("persist.sys.locale", "pt-BR");
+
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> persistent_properties_expected = {
+        {"persist.sys.locale", "pt-BR"},
+        {"persist.sys.timezone", "America/Los_Angeles"},
+    };
+
+    auto read_back_properties = LoadPersistentProperties();
+    EXPECT_EQ(persistent_properties_expected, read_back_properties);
+}
+
+TEST(persistent_properties, UpdatePropertyBadParse) {
+    TemporaryFile tf;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(tf.fd != -1);
+    persistent_property_filename = tf.path;
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(WriteFile(tf.path, "ab"));
+
+    WritePersistentProperty("persist.sys.locale", "pt-BR");
+
+    auto read_back_properties = LoadPersistentProperties();
+    EXPECT_GT(read_back_properties.size(), 0U);
+
+    auto it = std::find_if(
+        read_back_properties.begin(), read_back_properties.end(), [](const auto& entry) {
+            return entry.first == "persist.sys.locale" && entry.second == "pt-BR";
+        });
+    EXPECT_FALSE(it == read_back_properties.end());
+}
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/init/property_service.cpp b/init/property_service.cpp
index e07550a..8c592cb 100644
--- a/init/property_service.cpp
+++ b/init/property_service.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 #include "property_service.h"
 
 #include <ctype.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
@@ -54,17 +53,17 @@
 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
 
 #include "init.h"
+#include "persistent_properties.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 using android::base::Timer;
 
-#define PERSISTENT_PROPERTY_DIR  "/data/property"
 #define RECOVERY_MOUNT_POINT "/recovery"
 
 namespace android {
 namespace init {
 
-static int persistent_properties_loaded = 0;
+static bool persistent_properties_loaded = false;
 
 static int property_set_fd = -1;
 
@@ -120,29 +119,6 @@
     return check_mac_perms(ctl_name, sctx, cr);
 }
 
-static void write_persistent_property(const char *name, const char *value)
-{
-    char tempPath[PATH_MAX];
-    char path[PATH_MAX];
-    int fd;
-
-    snprintf(tempPath, sizeof(tempPath), "%s/.temp.XXXXXX", PERSISTENT_PROPERTY_DIR);
-    fd = mkstemp(tempPath);
-    if (fd < 0) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to write persistent property to temp file " << tempPath;
-        return;
-    }
-    write(fd, value, strlen(value));
-    fsync(fd);
-    close(fd);
-
-    snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", PERSISTENT_PROPERTY_DIR, name);
-    if (rename(tempPath, path)) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to rename persistent property file " << tempPath << " to " << path;
-        unlink(tempPath);
-    }
-}
-
 bool is_legal_property_name(const std::string& name) {
     size_t namelen = name.size();
 
@@ -204,7 +180,7 @@
     // Don't write properties to disk until after we have read all default
     // properties to prevent them from being overwritten by default values.
     if (persistent_properties_loaded && android::base::StartsWith(name, "persist.")) {
-        write_persistent_property(name.c_str(), value.c_str());
+        WritePersistentProperty(name, value);
     }
     property_changed(name, value);
     return PROP_SUCCESS;
@@ -599,61 +575,6 @@
     LOG(VERBOSE) << "(Loading properties from " << filename << " took " << t << ".)";
 }
 
-static void load_persistent_properties() {
-    persistent_properties_loaded = 1;
-
-    std::unique_ptr<DIR, int(*)(DIR*)> dir(opendir(PERSISTENT_PROPERTY_DIR), closedir);
-    if (!dir) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to open persistent property directory \""
-                    << PERSISTENT_PROPERTY_DIR << "\"";
-        return;
-    }
-
-    struct dirent* entry;
-    while ((entry = readdir(dir.get())) != NULL) {
-        if (strncmp("persist.", entry->d_name, strlen("persist."))) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        if (entry->d_type != DT_REG) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        // Open the file and read the property value.
-        int fd = openat(dirfd(dir.get()), entry->d_name, O_RDONLY | O_NOFOLLOW);
-        if (fd == -1) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to open persistent property file \"" << entry->d_name << "\"";
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        struct stat sb;
-        if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "fstat on property file \"" << entry->d_name << "\" failed";
-            close(fd);
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        // File must not be accessible to others, be owned by root/root, and
-        // not be a hard link to any other file.
-        if (((sb.st_mode & (S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO)) != 0) || sb.st_uid != 0 || sb.st_gid != 0 || sb.st_nlink != 1) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "skipping insecure property file " << entry->d_name
-                        << " (uid=" << sb.st_uid << " gid=" << sb.st_gid
-                        << " nlink=" << sb.st_nlink << " mode=" << std::oct << sb.st_mode << ")";
-            close(fd);
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        char value[PROP_VALUE_MAX];
-        int length = read(fd, value, sizeof(value) - 1);
-        if (length >= 0) {
-            value[length] = 0;
-            property_set(entry->d_name, value);
-        } else {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to read persistent property file " << entry->d_name;
-        }
-        close(fd);
-    }
-}
-
 // persist.sys.usb.config values can't be combined on build-time when property
 // files are split into each partition.
 // So we need to apply the same rule of build/make/tools/post_process_props.py
@@ -690,9 +611,24 @@
  * has mounted /data.
  */
 void load_persist_props(void) {
+    // Devices with FDE have load_persist_props called twice; the first time when the temporary
+    // /data partition is mounted and then again once /data is truly mounted.  We do not want to
+    // read persistent properties from the temporary /data partition or mark persistent properties
+    // as having been loaded during the first call, so we return in that case.
+    std::string crypto_state = android::base::GetProperty("ro.crypto.state", "");
+    std::string crypto_type = android::base::GetProperty("ro.crypto.type", "");
+    if (crypto_state == "encrypted" && crypto_type == "block") {
+        static size_t num_calls = 0;
+        if (++num_calls == 1) return;
+    }
+
     load_override_properties();
     /* Read persistent properties after all default values have been loaded. */
-    load_persistent_properties();
+    auto persistent_properties = LoadPersistentProperties();
+    for (const auto& [name, value] : persistent_properties) {
+        property_set(name, value);
+    }
+    persistent_properties_loaded = true;
     property_set("ro.persistent_properties.ready", "true");
 }
 
diff --git a/init/reboot.cpp b/init/reboot.cpp
index 5bae4bc..891ca03 100644
--- a/init/reboot.cpp
+++ b/init/reboot.cpp
@@ -347,14 +347,10 @@
     Timer t;
     LOG(INFO) << "Reboot start, reason: " << reason << ", rebootTarget: " << rebootTarget;
 
-    android::base::WriteStringToFile(StringPrintf("%s\n", reason.c_str()), LAST_REBOOT_REASON_FILE,
-                                     S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM);
+    property_set(LAST_REBOOT_REASON_PROPERTY, reason.c_str());
+    sync();
 
-    bool is_thermal_shutdown = false;
-    if (cmd == ANDROID_RB_THERMOFF) {
-        is_thermal_shutdown = true;
-        runFsck = false;
-    }
+    bool is_thermal_shutdown = cmd == ANDROID_RB_THERMOFF;
 
     auto shutdown_timeout = 0ms;
     if (!SHUTDOWN_ZERO_TIMEOUT) {
@@ -378,10 +374,17 @@
         if (kill_after_apps.count(s->name())) {
             s->SetShutdownCritical();
         } else if (to_starts.count(s->name())) {
-            s->Start();
+            if (auto result = s->Start(); !result) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Could not start shutdown 'to_start' service '" << s->name()
+                           << "': " << result.error();
+            }
             s->SetShutdownCritical();
         } else if (s->IsShutdownCritical()) {
-            s->Start();  // start shutdown critical service if not started
+            // Start shutdown critical service if not started.
+            if (auto result = s->Start(); !result) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Could not start shutdown critical service '" << s->name()
+                           << "': " << result.error();
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -476,10 +479,15 @@
         command_invalid = true;
     } else if (cmd_params[0] == "shutdown") {
         cmd = ANDROID_RB_POWEROFF;
-        if (cmd_params.size() == 2 && cmd_params[1] == "userrequested") {
-            // The shutdown reason is PowerManager.SHUTDOWN_USER_REQUESTED.
-            // Run fsck once the file system is remounted in read-only mode.
-            run_fsck = true;
+        if (cmd_params.size() == 2) {
+            if (cmd_params[1] == "userrequested") {
+                // The shutdown reason is PowerManager.SHUTDOWN_USER_REQUESTED.
+                // Run fsck once the file system is remounted in read-only mode.
+                run_fsck = true;
+            } else if (cmd_params[1] == "thermal") {
+                // run_fsck is false to avoid delay
+                cmd = ANDROID_RB_THERMOFF;
+            }
         }
     } else if (cmd_params[0] == "reboot") {
         cmd = ANDROID_RB_RESTART2;
@@ -495,14 +503,11 @@
                                << err;
                 }
             }
-            // If there is an additional bootloader parameter, pass it along
-            if (cmd_params.size() == 3) {
+            // If there is an additional parameter, pass it along
+            if ((cmd_params.size() == 3) && cmd_params[2].size()) {
                 reboot_target += "," + cmd_params[2];
             }
         }
-    } else if (command == "thermal-shutdown") {  // no additional parameter allowed
-        // run_fsck is false to avoid delay
-        cmd = ANDROID_RB_THERMOFF;
     } else {
         command_invalid = true;
     }
diff --git a/init/reboot.h b/init/reboot.h
index 8586556..ece407f 100644
--- a/init/reboot.h
+++ b/init/reboot.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 /* Reboot / shutdown the system.
  * cmd ANDROID_RB_* as defined in android_reboot.h
- * reason Reason string like "reboot", "userrequested"
+ * reason Reason string like "reboot", "shutdown,userrequested"
  * rebootTarget Reboot target string like "bootloader". Otherwise, it should be an
  *              empty string.
  * runFsck Whether to run fsck after umount is done.
diff --git a/init/rlimit_parser.cpp b/init/rlimit_parser.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe1d6a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/rlimit_parser.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "rlimit_parser.h"
+
+#include <android-base/parseint.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+
+using android::base::EqualsIgnoreCase;
+using android::base::ParseInt;
+using android::base::ParseUint;
+using android::base::StartsWith;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+// Builtins and service definitions both have their arguments start at 1 and finish at 3.
+Result<std::pair<int, rlimit>> ParseRlimit(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
+    static const std::vector<std::pair<const char*, int>> text_to_resources = {
+        {"cpu", 0},       {"fsize", 1}, {"data", 2},    {"stack", 3},
+        {"core", 4},      {"rss", 5},   {"nproc", 6},   {"nofile", 7},
+        {"memlock", 8},   {"as", 9},    {"locks", 10},  {"sigpending", 11},
+        {"msgqueue", 12}, {"nice", 13}, {"rtprio", 14}, {"rttime", 15},
+    };
+
+    int resource;
+
+    if (ParseInt(args[1], &resource)) {
+        if (resource >= RLIM_NLIMITS) {
+            return Error() << "Resource '" << args[1] << "' over the maximum resource value '"
+                           << RLIM_NLIMITS << "'";
+        } else if (resource < 0) {
+            return Error() << "Resource '" << args[1] << "' below the minimum resource value '0'";
+        }
+    } else {
+        std::string resource_string;
+        if (StartsWith(args[1], "RLIM_")) {
+            resource_string = args[1].substr(5);
+        } else {
+            resource_string = args[1];
+        }
+
+        auto it = std::find_if(text_to_resources.begin(), text_to_resources.end(),
+                               [&resource_string](const auto& entry) {
+                                   return EqualsIgnoreCase(resource_string, entry.first);
+                               });
+        if (it == text_to_resources.end()) {
+            return Error() << "Could not parse resource '" << args[1] << "'";
+        }
+
+        resource = it->second;
+    }
+
+    rlimit limit;
+    if (!ParseUint(args[2], &limit.rlim_cur)) {
+        return Error() << "Could not parse soft limit '" << args[2] << "'";
+    }
+    if (!ParseUint(args[3], &limit.rlim_max)) {
+        return Error() << "Could not parse hard limit '" << args[3] << "'";
+    }
+    return {resource, limit};
+}
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/init/rlimit_parser.h b/init/rlimit_parser.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0396463
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/rlimit_parser.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _INIT_RLIMIT_PARSER_H
+#define _INIT_RLIMIT_PARSER_H
+
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "result.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+Result<std::pair<int, rlimit>> ParseRlimit(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif
diff --git a/init/rlimit_parser_test.cpp b/init/rlimit_parser_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3f9eb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/rlimit_parser_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "rlimit_parser.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+void TestRlimitSuccess(std::vector<std::string> input,
+                       const std::pair<int, rlimit>& expected_result) {
+    input.emplace(input.begin(), "");
+    ASSERT_EQ(4U, input.size());
+    auto result = ParseRlimit(input);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result) << "input: " << input[1];
+    const auto& [resource, rlimit] = *result;
+    const auto& [expected_resource, expected_rlimit] = expected_result;
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected_resource, resource);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected_rlimit.rlim_cur, rlimit.rlim_cur);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected_rlimit.rlim_max, rlimit.rlim_max);
+}
+
+void TestRlimitFailure(std::vector<std::string> input, const std::string& expected_result) {
+    input.emplace(input.begin(), "");
+    ASSERT_EQ(4U, input.size());
+    auto result = ParseRlimit(input);
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(result) << "input: " << input[1];
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected_result, result.error_string());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, result.error_errno());
+}
+
+TEST(rlimit, RlimitSuccess) {
+    const std::vector<std::pair<std::vector<std::string>, std::pair<int, rlimit>>>
+        inputs_and_results = {
+            {{"cpu", "10", "10"}, {0, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"fsize", "10", "10"}, {1, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"data", "10", "10"}, {2, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"stack", "10", "10"}, {3, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"core", "10", "10"}, {4, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"rss", "10", "10"}, {5, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"nproc", "10", "10"}, {6, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"nofile", "10", "10"}, {7, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"memlock", "10", "10"}, {8, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"as", "10", "10"}, {9, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"locks", "10", "10"}, {10, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"sigpending", "10", "10"}, {11, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"msgqueue", "10", "10"}, {12, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"nice", "10", "10"}, {13, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"rtprio", "10", "10"}, {14, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"rttime", "10", "10"}, {15, {10, 10}}},
+
+            {{"RLIM_CPU", "10", "10"}, {0, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_FSIZE", "10", "10"}, {1, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_DATA", "10", "10"}, {2, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_STACK", "10", "10"}, {3, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_CORE", "10", "10"}, {4, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_RSS", "10", "10"}, {5, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_NPROC", "10", "10"}, {6, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_NOFILE", "10", "10"}, {7, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_MEMLOCK", "10", "10"}, {8, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_AS", "10", "10"}, {9, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_LOCKS", "10", "10"}, {10, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_SIGPENDING", "10", "10"}, {11, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_MSGQUEUE", "10", "10"}, {12, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_NICE", "10", "10"}, {13, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_RTPRIO", "10", "10"}, {14, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"RLIM_RTTIME", "10", "10"}, {15, {10, 10}}},
+
+            {{"0", "10", "10"}, {0, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"1", "10", "10"}, {1, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"2", "10", "10"}, {2, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"3", "10", "10"}, {3, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"4", "10", "10"}, {4, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"5", "10", "10"}, {5, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"6", "10", "10"}, {6, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"7", "10", "10"}, {7, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"8", "10", "10"}, {8, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"9", "10", "10"}, {9, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"10", "10", "10"}, {10, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"11", "10", "10"}, {11, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"12", "10", "10"}, {12, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"13", "10", "10"}, {13, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"14", "10", "10"}, {14, {10, 10}}},
+            {{"15", "10", "10"}, {15, {10, 10}}},
+        };
+
+    for (const auto& [input, expected_result] : inputs_and_results) {
+        TestRlimitSuccess(input, expected_result);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(rlimit, RlimitFailure) {
+    const std::vector<std::pair<std::vector<std::string>, std::string>> inputs_and_results = {
+        {{"-4", "10", "10"}, "Resource '-4' below the minimum resource value '0'"},
+        {{"100", "10", "10"}, "Resource '100' over the maximum resource value '16'"},
+        {{"bad_string", "10", "10"}, "Could not parse resource 'bad_string'"},
+        {{"RLIM_", "10", "10"}, "Could not parse resource 'RLIM_'"},
+        {{"cpu", "abc", "10"}, "Could not parse soft limit 'abc'"},
+        {{"cpu", "10", "abc"}, "Could not parse hard limit 'abc'"},
+    };
+
+    for (const auto& [input, expected_result] : inputs_and_results) {
+        TestRlimitFailure(input, expected_result);
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/init/service.cpp b/init/service.cpp
index d3c9f92..6f27a4b 100644
--- a/init/service.cpp
+++ b/init/service.cpp
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 
 #include "init.h"
 #include "property_service.h"
+#include "rlimit_parser.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 using android::base::boot_clock;
@@ -82,7 +83,11 @@
         free(new_con);
     }
     if (rc == 0 && computed_context == mycon.get()) {
-        return Error() << "Service does not have an SELinux domain defined";
+        return Error() << "File " << service_path << "(labeled \"" << filecon.get()
+                       << "\") has incorrect label or no domain transition from " << mycon.get()
+                       << " to another SELinux domain defined. Have you configured your "
+                          "service correctly? https://source.android.com/security/selinux/"
+                          "device-policy#label_new_services_and_address_denials";
     }
     if (rc < 0) {
         return Error() << "Could not get process context";
@@ -216,6 +221,12 @@
 }
 
 void Service::SetProcessAttributes() {
+    for (const auto& rlimit : rlimits_) {
+        if (setrlimit(rlimit.first, &rlimit.second) == -1) {
+            LOG(FATAL) << StringPrintf("setrlimit(%d, {rlim_cur=%ld, rlim_max=%ld}) failed",
+                                       rlimit.first, rlimit.second.rlim_cur, rlimit.second.rlim_max);
+        }
+    }
     // Keep capabilites on uid change.
     if (capabilities_.any() && uid_) {
         // If Android is running in a container, some securebits might already
@@ -489,6 +500,14 @@
     return Success();
 }
 
+Result<Success> Service::ParseProcessRlimit(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
+    auto rlimit = ParseRlimit(args);
+    if (!rlimit) return rlimit.error();
+
+    rlimits_.emplace_back(*rlimit);
+    return Success();
+}
+
 Result<Success> Service::ParseSeclabel(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
     seclabel_ = args[1];
     return Success();
@@ -609,6 +628,7 @@
         {"memcg.limit_in_bytes",
                         {1,     1,    &Service::ParseMemcgLimitInBytes}},
         {"namespace",   {1,     2,    &Service::ParseNamespace}},
+        {"rlimit",      {3,     3,    &Service::ParseProcessRlimit}},
         {"seclabel",    {1,     1,    &Service::ParseSeclabel}},
         {"setenv",      {2,     2,    &Service::ParseSetenv}},
         {"shutdown",    {1,     1,    &Service::ParseShutdown}},
diff --git a/init/service.h b/init/service.h
index 1f2c44f..67542ca 100644
--- a/init/service.h
+++ b/init/service.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #ifndef _INIT_SERVICE_H
 #define _INIT_SERVICE_H
 
+#include <sys/resource.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
 #include <memory>
@@ -138,6 +139,7 @@
     Result<Success> ParseMemcgSoftLimitInBytes(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
     Result<Success> ParseMemcgSwappiness(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
     Result<Success> ParseNamespace(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
+    Result<Success> ParseProcessRlimit(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
     Result<Success> ParseSeclabel(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
     Result<Success> ParseSetenv(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
     Result<Success> ParseShutdown(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
@@ -195,6 +197,8 @@
 
     unsigned long start_order_;
 
+    std::vector<std::pair<int, rlimit>> rlimits_;
+
     std::vector<std::string> args_;
 };
 
diff --git a/libasyncio/Android.bp b/libasyncio/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a637ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libasyncio/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+libasyncio_cppflags = [
+    "-Wall",
+    "-Wextra",
+    "-Werror",
+]
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "libasyncio",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    host_supported: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "AsyncIO.cpp",
+    ],
+    cppflags: libasyncio_cppflags,
+
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    target: {
+        darwin: {
+            enabled: false,
+        },
+        linux_bionic: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
+        windows: {
+            enabled: false,
+        },
+    },
+}
diff --git a/libasyncio/AsyncIO.cpp b/libasyncio/AsyncIO.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7430bc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libasyncio/AsyncIO.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <asyncio/AsyncIO.h>
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+int io_setup(unsigned nr, aio_context_t* ctxp) {
+    memset(ctxp, 0, sizeof(*ctxp));
+    return syscall(__NR_io_setup, nr, ctxp);
+}
+
+int io_destroy(aio_context_t ctx) {
+    return syscall(__NR_io_destroy, ctx);
+}
+
+int io_submit(aio_context_t ctx, long nr, iocb** iocbpp) {
+    return syscall(__NR_io_submit, ctx, nr, iocbpp);
+}
+
+int io_getevents(aio_context_t ctx, long min_nr, long max_nr, io_event* events, timespec* timeout) {
+    return syscall(__NR_io_getevents, ctx, min_nr, max_nr, events, timeout);
+}
+
+int io_cancel(aio_context_t ctx, iocb* iocbp, io_event* result) {
+    return syscall(__NR_io_cancel, ctx, iocbp, result);
+}
+
+void io_prep(iocb* iocb, int fd, const void* buf, uint64_t count, int64_t offset, bool read) {
+    memset(iocb, 0, sizeof(*iocb));
+    iocb->aio_fildes = fd;
+    iocb->aio_lio_opcode = read ? IOCB_CMD_PREAD : IOCB_CMD_PWRITE;
+    iocb->aio_reqprio = 0;
+    iocb->aio_buf = reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(buf);
+    iocb->aio_nbytes = count;
+    iocb->aio_offset = offset;
+}
diff --git a/libasyncio/include/asyncio/AsyncIO.h b/libasyncio/include/asyncio/AsyncIO.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3fb93a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libasyncio/include/asyncio/AsyncIO.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _ASYNCIO_H
+#define _ASYNCIO_H
+
+#include <cstring>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <linux/aio_abi.h>
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Provides kernel aio operations.
+ */
+
+int io_setup(unsigned nr, aio_context_t* ctxp);
+int io_destroy(aio_context_t ctx);
+int io_submit(aio_context_t ctx, long nr, iocb** iocbpp);
+int io_getevents(aio_context_t ctx, long min_nr, long max_nr, io_event* events, timespec* timeout);
+int io_cancel(aio_context_t ctx, iocb*, io_event* result);
+void io_prep(iocb* iocb, int fd, const void* buf, uint64_t count, int64_t offset, bool read);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+};
+#endif
+
+#endif  // ASYNCIO_H
diff --git a/libbacktrace/Android.bp b/libbacktrace/Android.bp
index 02e0487..e889bdd 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/Android.bp
+++ b/libbacktrace/Android.bp
@@ -243,4 +243,25 @@
             static_libs: ["libutils"],
         },
     },
+
+    data: [
+        "testdata/arm/*",
+        "testdata/arm64/*",
+        "testdata/x86/*",
+        "testdata/x86_64/*",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_benchmark {
+    name: "backtrace_benchmarks",
+    defaults: ["libbacktrace_common"],
+
+    srcs: [
+        "backtrace_benchmarks.cpp",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbacktrace",
+        "libbase",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/libbacktrace/UnwindStack.cpp b/libbacktrace/UnwindStack.cpp
index e79bca3..3b2f38e 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/UnwindStack.cpp
+++ b/libbacktrace/UnwindStack.cpp
@@ -160,7 +160,8 @@
     // one extra function call appearing in the unwind.
     unwindstack::RegsGetLocal(regs.get());
   } else {
-    regs.reset(unwindstack::Regs::CreateFromUcontext(unwindstack::Regs::GetMachineType(), ucontext));
+    regs.reset(
+        unwindstack::Regs::CreateFromUcontext(unwindstack::Regs::CurrentMachineType(), ucontext));
   }
 
   error_ = BACKTRACE_UNWIND_NO_ERROR;
@@ -177,10 +178,10 @@
 bool UnwindStackPtrace::Unwind(size_t num_ignore_frames, ucontext_t* context) {
   std::unique_ptr<unwindstack::Regs> regs;
   if (context == nullptr) {
-    uint32_t machine_type;
-    regs.reset(unwindstack::Regs::RemoteGet(Tid(), &machine_type));
+    regs.reset(unwindstack::Regs::RemoteGet(Tid()));
   } else {
-    regs.reset(unwindstack::Regs::CreateFromUcontext(unwindstack::Regs::GetMachineType(), context));
+    regs.reset(
+        unwindstack::Regs::CreateFromUcontext(unwindstack::Regs::CurrentMachineType(), context));
   }
 
   error_ = BACKTRACE_UNWIND_NO_ERROR;
diff --git a/libbacktrace/backtrace_benchmarks.cpp b/libbacktrace/backtrace_benchmarks.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30c2a55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libbacktrace/backtrace_benchmarks.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+
+#include <benchmark/benchmark.h>
+
+#include <backtrace/Backtrace.h>
+#include <backtrace/BacktraceMap.h>
+
+// Definitions of prctl arguments to set a vma name in Android kernels.
+#define ANDROID_PR_SET_VMA 0x53564d41
+#define ANDROID_PR_SET_VMA_ANON_NAME 0
+
+constexpr size_t kNumMaps = 2000;
+constexpr size_t kNumIterations = 1000;
+
+static bool CountMaps(pid_t pid, size_t* num_maps) {
+  // Minimize the calls that might allocate memory. If too much memory
+  // gets allocated, then this routine will add extra maps and the next
+  // call will fail to get the same number of maps as before.
+  int fd =
+      open((std::string("/proc/") + std::to_string(pid) + "/maps").c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
+  if (fd == -1) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open map file for pid %d: %s\n", pid, strerror(errno));
+    return false;
+  }
+  *num_maps = 0;
+  while (true) {
+    char buffer[2048];
+    ssize_t bytes = read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+    if (bytes <= 0) {
+      break;
+    }
+    // Count the '\n'.
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < static_cast<size_t>(bytes); i++) {
+      if (buffer[i] == '\n') {
+        ++*num_maps;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  close(fd);
+  return true;
+}
+
+static void CreateMap(benchmark::State& state, BacktraceMap* (*map_func)(pid_t, bool)) {
+  state.PauseTiming();
+  // Create a remote process so that the map data is exactly the same.
+  // Also, so that we can create a set number of maps.
+  pid_t pid;
+  if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
+    size_t num_maps;
+    if (!CountMaps(getpid(), &num_maps)) {
+      exit(1);
+    }
+    // Create uniquely named maps.
+    std::vector<void*> maps;
+    for (size_t i = num_maps; i < kNumMaps; i++) {
+      int flags = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE;
+      // Alternate page type to make sure a map entry is added for each call.
+      if ((i % 2) == 0) {
+        flags |= PROT_EXEC;
+      }
+      void* memory = mmap(nullptr, PAGE_SIZE, flags, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
+      if (memory == MAP_FAILED) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create map: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+        exit(1);
+      }
+      memset(memory, 0x1, PAGE_SIZE);
+      if (prctl(ANDROID_PR_SET_VMA, ANDROID_PR_SET_VMA_ANON_NAME, memory, PAGE_SIZE, "test_map") ==
+          -1) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+      }
+      maps.push_back(memory);
+    }
+
+    if (!CountMaps(getpid(), &num_maps)) {
+      exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if (num_maps != kNumMaps) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "Maps set incorrectly: %zu found, %zu expected.\n", num_maps, kNumMaps);
+      std::string str;
+      android::base::ReadFileToString("/proc/self/maps", &str);
+      fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", str.c_str());
+      exit(1);
+    }
+
+    // Wait for an hour at most.
+    sleep(3600);
+    exit(1);
+  } else if (pid < 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Fork failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  size_t num_maps = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 2000; i++) {
+    if (CountMaps(pid, &num_maps) && num_maps == kNumMaps) {
+      break;
+    }
+    usleep(1000);
+  }
+  if (num_maps != kNumMaps) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Timed out waiting for the number of maps available: %zu\n", num_maps);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  state.ResumeTiming();
+  while (state.KeepRunning()) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < static_cast<size_t>(state.range(0)); i++) {
+      BacktraceMap* map = map_func(pid, false);
+      if (map == nullptr) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create map\n");
+        return;
+      }
+      delete map;
+    }
+  }
+  state.PauseTiming();
+
+  kill(pid, SIGKILL);
+  waitpid(pid, nullptr, 0);
+}
+
+static void BM_create_map(benchmark::State& state) {
+  CreateMap(state, BacktraceMap::Create);
+}
+BENCHMARK(BM_create_map)->Arg(kNumIterations);
+
+static void BM_create_map_new(benchmark::State& state) {
+  CreateMap(state, BacktraceMap::CreateNew);
+}
+BENCHMARK(BM_create_map_new)->Arg(kNumIterations);
+
+BENCHMARK_MAIN();
diff --git a/libbacktrace/backtrace_offline_test.cpp b/libbacktrace/backtrace_offline_test.cpp
index 16b1d79..0a1f33d 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/backtrace_offline_test.cpp
+++ b/libbacktrace/backtrace_offline_test.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/macros.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <backtrace/Backtrace.h>
@@ -129,6 +130,10 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
+std::string GetTestPath(std::string path) {
+  return android::base::GetExecutableDirectory() + "/testdata/" + ABI_STRING + '/' + path;
+}
+
 // This test is disable because it is for generating test data.
 TEST(libbacktrace, DISABLED_generate_offline_testdata) {
   // Create a thread to generate the needed stack and registers information.
@@ -206,20 +211,6 @@
   return "";
 }
 
-static std::string GetArch() {
-#if defined(__arm__)
-  return "arm";
-#elif defined(__aarch64__)
-  return "aarch64";
-#elif defined(__i386__)
-  return "x86";
-#elif defined(__x86_64__)
-  return "x86_64";
-#else
-  return "";
-#endif
-}
-
 struct OfflineTestData {
   int pid;
   int tid;
@@ -280,20 +271,15 @@
   return true;
 }
 
-static void BacktraceOfflineTest(const std::string& testlib_name) {
-  const std::string arch = GetArch();
-  if (arch.empty()) {
-    GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "This test does nothing on current arch.";
-    return;
-  }
-  const std::string testlib_path = "testdata/" + arch + "/" + testlib_name;
-  struct stat st;
-  if (stat(testlib_path.c_str(), &st) == -1) {
-    GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "This test is skipped as " << testlib_path << " doesn't exist.";
+static void BacktraceOfflineTest(const char* arch, const std::string& testlib_name) {
+  // TODO: For now, we can only run this on the same arch as the library arch.
+  if (std::string(ABI_STRING) != arch) {
+    GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "Ignoring arch " << arch << " for lib " << testlib_name;
     return;
   }
 
-  const std::string offline_testdata_path = "testdata/" + arch + "/offline_testdata";
+  const std::string testlib_path(GetTestPath(testlib_name));
+  const std::string offline_testdata_path(GetTestPath("offline_testdata"));
   OfflineTestData testdata;
   ASSERT_TRUE(ReadOfflineTestData(offline_testdata_path, &testdata));
 
@@ -339,35 +325,40 @@
                                                       testdata.symbols));
 }
 
+// For now, these tests can only run on the given architectures.
 TEST(libbacktrace, offline_eh_frame) {
-  BacktraceOfflineTest("libbacktrace_test_eh_frame.so");
+  BacktraceOfflineTest("arm64", "libbacktrace_test_eh_frame.so");
+  BacktraceOfflineTest("x86_64", "libbacktrace_test_eh_frame.so");
 }
 
 TEST(libbacktrace, offline_debug_frame) {
-  BacktraceOfflineTest("libbacktrace_test_debug_frame.so");
+  BacktraceOfflineTest("arm", "libbacktrace_test_debug_frame.so");
+  BacktraceOfflineTest("x86", "libbacktrace_test_debug_frame.so");
 }
 
 TEST(libbacktrace, offline_gnu_debugdata) {
-  BacktraceOfflineTest("libbacktrace_test_gnu_debugdata.so");
+  BacktraceOfflineTest("arm", "libbacktrace_test_gnu_debugdata.so");
+  BacktraceOfflineTest("x86", "libbacktrace_test_gnu_debugdata.so");
 }
 
 TEST(libbacktrace, offline_arm_exidx) {
-  BacktraceOfflineTest("libbacktrace_test_arm_exidx.so");
+  BacktraceOfflineTest("arm", "libbacktrace_test_arm_exidx.so");
 }
 
 // This test tests the situation that ranges of functions covered by .eh_frame and .ARM.exidx
 // overlap with each other, which appears in /system/lib/libart.so.
 TEST(libbacktrace, offline_unwind_mix_eh_frame_and_arm_exidx) {
-  const std::string arch = GetArch();
-  if (arch.empty() || arch != "arm") {
-    GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "This test does nothing on current arch.";
+  // TODO: For now, only run on the given arch.
+  if (std::string(ABI_STRING) != "arm") {
+    GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "Skipping test since offline for arm on " << ABI_STRING
+                     << " isn't supported.";
     return;
   }
-  const std::string testlib_path = "testdata/" + arch + "/libart.so";
+  const std::string testlib_path(GetTestPath("libart.so"));
   struct stat st;
   ASSERT_EQ(0, stat(testlib_path.c_str(), &st)) << "can't find testlib " << testlib_path;
 
-  const std::string offline_testdata_path = "testdata/" + arch + "/offline_testdata_for_libart";
+  const std::string offline_testdata_path(GetTestPath("offline_testdata_for_libart"));
   OfflineTestData testdata;
   ASSERT_TRUE(ReadOfflineTestData(offline_testdata_path, &testdata));
 
diff --git a/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp b/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
index 1ec6a45..9fe2d1c 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
+++ b/libbacktrace/backtrace_test.cpp
@@ -304,8 +304,10 @@
   ASSERT_NE(test_recursive_call(MAX_BACKTRACE_FRAMES+10, VerifyMaxBacktrace, nullptr), 0);
 }
 
-static void VerifyProcTest(pid_t pid, pid_t tid, bool share_map, bool (*ReadyFunc)(Backtrace*),
-                           void (*VerifyFunc)(Backtrace*)) {
+static void VerifyProcTest(pid_t pid, pid_t tid, bool (*ReadyFunc)(Backtrace*),
+                           void (*VerifyFunc)(Backtrace*),
+                           Backtrace* (*back_func)(pid_t, pid_t, BacktraceMap*),
+                           BacktraceMap* (*map_func)(pid_t, bool)) {
   pid_t ptrace_tid;
   if (tid < 0) {
     ptrace_tid = pid;
@@ -322,10 +324,8 @@
       WaitForStop(ptrace_tid);
 
       std::unique_ptr<BacktraceMap> map;
-      if (share_map) {
-        map.reset(BacktraceMap::Create(pid));
-      }
-      std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(Backtrace::Create(pid, tid, map.get()));
+      map.reset(map_func(pid, false));
+      std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(back_func(pid, tid, map.get()));
       ASSERT_TRUE(backtrace.get() != nullptr);
       ASSERT_TRUE(backtrace->Unwind(0));
       ASSERT_EQ(BACKTRACE_UNWIND_NO_ERROR, backtrace->GetError());
@@ -349,21 +349,22 @@
     ASSERT_NE(test_level_one(1, 2, 3, 4, nullptr, nullptr), 0);
     _exit(1);
   }
-  VerifyProcTest(pid, BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, false, ReadyLevelBacktrace, VerifyLevelDump);
+  VerifyProcTest(pid, BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, ReadyLevelBacktrace, VerifyLevelDump,
+                 Backtrace::Create, BacktraceMap::Create);
 
   kill(pid, SIGKILL);
   int status;
   ASSERT_EQ(waitpid(pid, &status, 0), pid);
 }
 
-TEST(libbacktrace, ptrace_trace_shared_map) {
+TEST(libbacktrace, ptrace_trace_new) {
   pid_t pid;
   if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
     ASSERT_NE(test_level_one(1, 2, 3, 4, nullptr, nullptr), 0);
     _exit(1);
   }
-
-  VerifyProcTest(pid, BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, true, ReadyLevelBacktrace, VerifyLevelDump);
+  VerifyProcTest(pid, BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, ReadyLevelBacktrace, VerifyLevelDump,
+                 Backtrace::CreateNew, BacktraceMap::CreateNew);
 
   kill(pid, SIGKILL);
   int status;
@@ -376,7 +377,22 @@
     ASSERT_NE(test_recursive_call(MAX_BACKTRACE_FRAMES+10, nullptr, nullptr), 0);
     _exit(1);
   }
-  VerifyProcTest(pid, BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, false, ReadyMaxBacktrace, VerifyMaxDump);
+  VerifyProcTest(pid, BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, ReadyMaxBacktrace, VerifyMaxDump, Backtrace::Create,
+                 BacktraceMap::Create);
+
+  kill(pid, SIGKILL);
+  int status;
+  ASSERT_EQ(waitpid(pid, &status, 0), pid);
+}
+
+TEST(libbacktrace, ptrace_max_trace_new) {
+  pid_t pid;
+  if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
+    ASSERT_NE(test_recursive_call(MAX_BACKTRACE_FRAMES + 10, nullptr, nullptr), 0);
+    _exit(1);
+  }
+  VerifyProcTest(pid, BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, ReadyMaxBacktrace, VerifyMaxDump,
+                 Backtrace::CreateNew, BacktraceMap::CreateNew);
 
   kill(pid, SIGKILL);
   int status;
@@ -403,7 +419,22 @@
     ASSERT_NE(test_level_one(1, 2, 3, 4, nullptr, nullptr), 0);
     _exit(1);
   }
-  VerifyProcTest(pid, BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, false, ReadyLevelBacktrace, VerifyProcessIgnoreFrames);
+  VerifyProcTest(pid, BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, ReadyLevelBacktrace, VerifyProcessIgnoreFrames,
+                 Backtrace::Create, BacktraceMap::Create);
+
+  kill(pid, SIGKILL);
+  int status;
+  ASSERT_EQ(waitpid(pid, &status, 0), pid);
+}
+
+TEST(libbacktrace, ptrace_ignore_frames_new) {
+  pid_t pid;
+  if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
+    ASSERT_NE(test_level_one(1, 2, 3, 4, nullptr, nullptr), 0);
+    _exit(1);
+  }
+  VerifyProcTest(pid, BACKTRACE_CURRENT_THREAD, ReadyLevelBacktrace, VerifyProcessIgnoreFrames,
+                 Backtrace::CreateNew, BacktraceMap::CreateNew);
 
   kill(pid, SIGKILL);
   int status;
@@ -466,7 +497,47 @@
     if (pid == *it) {
       continue;
     }
-    VerifyProcTest(pid, *it, false, ReadyLevelBacktrace, VerifyLevelDump);
+    VerifyProcTest(pid, *it, ReadyLevelBacktrace, VerifyLevelDump, Backtrace::Create,
+                   BacktraceMap::Create);
+  }
+
+  FinishRemoteProcess(pid);
+}
+
+TEST(libbacktrace, ptrace_threads_new) {
+  pid_t pid;
+  if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_PTRACE_THREADS; i++) {
+      pthread_attr_t attr;
+      pthread_attr_init(&attr);
+      pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
+
+      pthread_t thread;
+      ASSERT_TRUE(pthread_create(&thread, &attr, PtraceThreadLevelRun, nullptr) == 0);
+    }
+    ASSERT_NE(test_level_one(1, 2, 3, 4, nullptr, nullptr), 0);
+    _exit(1);
+  }
+
+  // Check to see that all of the threads are running before unwinding.
+  std::vector<pid_t> threads;
+  uint64_t start = NanoTime();
+  do {
+    usleep(US_PER_MSEC);
+    threads.clear();
+    GetThreads(pid, &threads);
+  } while ((threads.size() != NUM_PTRACE_THREADS + 1) && ((NanoTime() - start) <= 5 * NS_PER_SEC));
+  ASSERT_EQ(threads.size(), static_cast<size_t>(NUM_PTRACE_THREADS + 1));
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, 0, 0) == 0);
+  WaitForStop(pid);
+  for (std::vector<int>::const_iterator it = threads.begin(); it != threads.end(); ++it) {
+    // Skip the current forked process, we only care about the threads.
+    if (pid == *it) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    VerifyProcTest(pid, *it, ReadyLevelBacktrace, VerifyLevelDump, Backtrace::CreateNew,
+                   BacktraceMap::CreateNew);
   }
 
   FinishRemoteProcess(pid);
@@ -1579,7 +1650,7 @@
   munmap(device_map, DEVICE_MAP_SIZE);
 }
 
-TEST(libbacktrace, unwind_disallow_device_map_remote) {
+TEST(libbacktrace, unwind_disallow_device_map_remote_new) {
   void* device_map;
   SetupDeviceMap(&device_map);
 
@@ -1588,13 +1659,11 @@
   CreateRemoteProcess(&pid);
 
   // Now create an unwind object.
-  std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(Backtrace::Create(pid, pid));
+  std::unique_ptr<BacktraceMap> map(BacktraceMap::CreateNew(pid));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(map.get() != nullptr);
+  std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(Backtrace::CreateNew(pid, pid, map.get()));
 
-  // TODO: Currently unwind from context doesn't work on remote
-  // unwind. Keep this test because the new unwinder should support
-  // this eventually, or we can delete this test.
-  // properly with unwind from context.
-  // UnwindFromDevice(backtrace.get(), device_map);
+  UnwindFromDevice(backtrace.get(), device_map);
 
   FinishRemoteProcess(pid);
 
@@ -1633,7 +1702,9 @@
     ;
 }
 
-static void UnwindThroughSignal(bool use_action) {
+static void UnwindThroughSignal(bool use_action,
+                                Backtrace* (*back_func)(pid_t, pid_t, BacktraceMap*),
+                                BacktraceMap* (*map_func)(pid_t, bool)) {
   volatile int value = 0;
   pid_t pid;
   if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
@@ -1659,7 +1730,8 @@
 
     WaitForStop(pid);
 
-    std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(Backtrace::Create(pid, pid));
+    std::unique_ptr<BacktraceMap> map(map_func(pid, false));
+    std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace(back_func(pid, pid, map.get()));
 
     size_t bytes_read = backtrace->Read(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(const_cast<int*>(&value)),
                                         reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&read_value), sizeof(read_value));
@@ -1677,6 +1749,7 @@
   // Wait for the process to get to the signal handler loop.
   Backtrace::const_iterator frame_iter;
   start = NanoTime();
+  std::unique_ptr<BacktraceMap> map;
   std::unique_ptr<Backtrace> backtrace;
   while (true) {
     usleep(1000);
@@ -1685,7 +1758,9 @@
 
     WaitForStop(pid);
 
-    backtrace.reset(Backtrace::Create(pid, pid));
+    map.reset(map_func(pid, false));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(map.get() != nullptr);
+    backtrace.reset(back_func(pid, pid, map.get()));
     ASSERT_TRUE(backtrace->Unwind(0));
     bool found = false;
     for (frame_iter = backtrace->begin(); frame_iter != backtrace->end(); ++frame_iter) {
@@ -1742,11 +1817,19 @@
 }
 
 TEST(libbacktrace, unwind_remote_through_signal_using_handler) {
-  UnwindThroughSignal(false);
+  UnwindThroughSignal(false, Backtrace::Create, BacktraceMap::Create);
+}
+
+TEST(libbacktrace, unwind_remote_through_signal_using_handler_new) {
+  UnwindThroughSignal(false, Backtrace::CreateNew, BacktraceMap::CreateNew);
 }
 
 TEST(libbacktrace, unwind_remote_through_signal_using_action) {
-  UnwindThroughSignal(true);
+  UnwindThroughSignal(true, Backtrace::Create, BacktraceMap::Create);
+}
+
+TEST(libbacktrace, unwind_remote_through_signal_using_action_new) {
+  UnwindThroughSignal(true, Backtrace::CreateNew, BacktraceMap::CreateNew);
 }
 
 #if defined(ENABLE_PSS_TESTS)
diff --git a/libbacktrace/testdata/arm/offline_testdata b/libbacktrace/testdata/arm/offline_testdata
index 43d305a..6acea29 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/testdata/arm/offline_testdata
+++ b/libbacktrace/testdata/arm/offline_testdata
@@ -1,98 +1,98 @@
 pid: 32232 tid: 32233
-map: start: aad19000 end: aad6c000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /data/backtrace_test32
-map: start: aad6c000 end: aad6e000 offset: 52000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /data/backtrace_test32
-map: start: aad6e000 end: aad6f000 offset: 54000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /data/backtrace_test32
-map: start: e7380000 end: e7400000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:libc_malloc]
-map: start: e745f000 end: e7463000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libnetd_client.so
-map: start: e7463000 end: e7464000 offset: 3000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libnetd_client.so
-map: start: e7464000 end: e7465000 offset: 4000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libnetd_client.so
-map: start: e7480000 end: e7500000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:libc_malloc]
-map: start: e7558000 end: e756c000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libunwind.so
-map: start: e756c000 end: e756d000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 0 name: 
-map: start: e756d000 end: e756e000 offset: 14000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libunwind.so
-map: start: e756e000 end: e756f000 offset: 15000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libunwind.so
-map: start: e756f000 end: e75b5000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:.bss]
-map: start: e75d4000 end: e75e1000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libbase.so
-map: start: e75e1000 end: e75e2000 offset: c000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libbase.so
-map: start: e75e2000 end: e75e3000 offset: d000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libbase.so
-map: start: e7600000 end: e7616000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/liblzma.so
-map: start: e7616000 end: e7617000 offset: 15000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/liblzma.so
-map: start: e7617000 end: e7618000 offset: 16000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/liblzma.so
-map: start: e7618000 end: e761d000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:.bss]
-map: start: e7647000 end: e7656000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/liblog.so
-map: start: e7656000 end: e7657000 offset: e000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/liblog.so
-map: start: e7657000 end: e7658000 offset: f000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/liblog.so
-map: start: e7681000 end: e76a2000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libm.so
-map: start: e76a2000 end: e76a3000 offset: 20000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libm.so
-map: start: e76a3000 end: e76a4000 offset: 21000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libm.so
-map: start: e76eb000 end: e76ee000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /data/libbacktrace_test.so
-map: start: e76ee000 end: e76ef000 offset: 2000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /data/libbacktrace_test.so
-map: start: e76ef000 end: e76f0000 offset: 3000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /data/libbacktrace_test.so
-map: start: e7712000 end: e771f000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libbacktrace.so
-map: start: e771f000 end: e7720000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 0 name: 
-map: start: e7720000 end: e7721000 offset: d000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libbacktrace.so
-map: start: e7721000 end: e7722000 offset: e000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libbacktrace.so
-map: start: e7761000 end: e7778000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libutils.so
-map: start: e7778000 end: e7779000 offset: 16000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libutils.so
-map: start: e7779000 end: e777a000 offset: 17000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libutils.so
-map: start: e77a5000 end: e782d000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libc.so
-map: start: e782d000 end: e7831000 offset: 87000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libc.so
-map: start: e7831000 end: e7833000 offset: 8b000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libc.so
-map: start: e7833000 end: e7834000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:.bss]
-map: start: e7834000 end: e7835000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: [anon:.bss]
-map: start: e7835000 end: e783b000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:.bss]
-map: start: e7845000 end: e8437000 offset: 0 load_base: 2b000 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libLLVM.so
-map: start: e8437000 end: e8438000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 0 name: 
-map: start: e8438000 end: e848a000 offset: bf2000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libLLVM.so
-map: start: e848a000 end: e848b000 offset: c44000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libLLVM.so
-map: start: e848b000 end: e84a1000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:.bss]
-map: start: e84eb000 end: e84f7000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libcutils.so
-map: start: e84f7000 end: e84f8000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 0 name: 
-map: start: e84f8000 end: e84f9000 offset: c000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libcutils.so
-map: start: e84f9000 end: e84fa000 offset: d000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libcutils.so
-map: start: e852e000 end: e85b3000 offset: 0 load_base: 2000 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libc++.so
-map: start: e85b3000 end: e85b4000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 0 name: 
-map: start: e85b4000 end: e85b8000 offset: 85000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libc++.so
-map: start: e85b8000 end: e85b9000 offset: 89000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libc++.so
-map: start: e85b9000 end: e85ba000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:.bss]
-map: start: e85ce000 end: e85cf000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc]
-map: start: e85e4000 end: e85e5000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
-map: start: e8607000 end: e8608000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: [anon:linker_alloc]
-map: start: e8680000 end: e8700000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:libc_malloc]
-map: start: e870d000 end: e8719000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: 
-map: start: e8719000 end: e871b000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: [anon:atexit handlers]
-map: start: e871b000 end: e873b000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 32769 name: /dev/__properties__/u:object_r:default_prop:s0
-map: start: e873b000 end: e875b000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 32769 name: /dev/__properties__/properties_serial
-map: start: e875b000 end: e875c000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc_vector]
-map: start: e875c000 end: e875d000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:arc4random data]
-map: start: e875d000 end: e875e000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc]
-map: start: e875e000 end: e875f000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: [anon:linker_alloc]
-map: start: e875f000 end: e877f000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 32769 name: /dev/__properties__/u:object_r:debug_prop:s0
-map: start: e877f000 end: e879f000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 32769 name: /dev/__properties__/properties_serial
-map: start: e879f000 end: e87a0000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc_vector]
-map: start: e87a0000 end: e87a1000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
-map: start: e87a1000 end: e87a2000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc_vector]
-map: start: e87a2000 end: e87a3000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 0 name: 
-map: start: e87a3000 end: e87a4000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: 
-map: start: e87a4000 end: e87a5000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 0 name: 
-map: start: e87a5000 end: e87a6000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc_lob]
-map: start: e87a6000 end: e87a7000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: [anon:linker_alloc]
-map: start: e87a7000 end: e87a8000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc_vector]
-map: start: e87a8000 end: e87a9000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
-map: start: e87a9000 end: e87aa000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc_vector]
-map: start: e87aa000 end: e87ab000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:linker_alloc_small_objects]
-map: start: e87ab000 end: e87ac000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: [anon:atexit handlers]
-map: start: e87ac000 end: e87ad000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 0 name: [anon:thread signal stack guard page]
-map: start: e87ad000 end: e87af000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:thread signal stack]
-map: start: e87af000 end: e87b0000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:arc4random data]
-map: start: e87b0000 end: e880d000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/bin/linker
-map: start: e880d000 end: e880f000 offset: 5c000 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/bin/linker
-map: start: e880f000 end: e8810000 offset: 5e000 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/bin/linker
-map: start: e8810000 end: e8812000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: 
-map: start: e8812000 end: e8813000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 1 name: 
-map: start: e8813000 end: e8815000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: 
-map: start: ff886000 end: ff8a9000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 3 name: [stack]
-map: start: ffff0000 end: ffff1000 offset: 0 load_base: 0 flags: 5 name: [vectors]
+map: start: aad19000 end: aad6c000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /data/backtrace_test32
+map: start: aad6c000 end: aad6e000 offset: 52000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /data/backtrace_test32
+map: start: aad6e000 end: aad6f000 offset: 54000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /data/backtrace_test32
+map: start: e7380000 end: e7400000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:libc_malloc]
+map: start: e745f000 end: e7463000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libnetd_client.so
+map: start: e7463000 end: e7464000 offset: 3000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libnetd_client.so
+map: start: e7464000 end: e7465000 offset: 4000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libnetd_client.so
+map: start: e7480000 end: e7500000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:libc_malloc]
+map: start: e7558000 end: e756c000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libunwind.so
+map: start: e756c000 end: e756d000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 0 name: 
+map: start: e756d000 end: e756e000 offset: 14000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libunwind.so
+map: start: e756e000 end: e756f000 offset: 15000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libunwind.so
+map: start: e756f000 end: e75b5000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:.bss]
+map: start: e75d4000 end: e75e1000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libbase.so
+map: start: e75e1000 end: e75e2000 offset: c000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libbase.so
+map: start: e75e2000 end: e75e3000 offset: d000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/libbase.so
+map: start: e7600000 end: e7616000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/liblzma.so
+map: start: e7616000 end: e7617000 offset: 15000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/liblzma.so
+map: start: e7617000 end: e7618000 offset: 16000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/liblzma.so
+map: start: e7618000 end: e761d000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: [anon:.bss]
+map: start: e7647000 end: e7656000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/liblog.so
+map: start: e7656000 end: e7657000 offset: e000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/liblog.so
+map: start: e7657000 end: e7658000 offset: f000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /system/lib/liblog.so
+map: start: e7681000 end: e76a2000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /system/lib/libm.so
+map: start: e76a2000 end: e76a3000 offset: 20000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /system/lib/libm.so
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 function: start: 0 end: e76eb835 name: unknown_start
diff --git a/libbacktrace/testdata/arm/offline_testdata_for_libart b/libbacktrace/testdata/arm/offline_testdata_for_libart
index 63f6a07..03e1df5 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/testdata/arm/offline_testdata_for_libart
+++ b/libbacktrace/testdata/arm/offline_testdata_for_libart
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 pid: 32232 tid: 32233
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 function: start: 3a2121 end: 3a217a name: art_quick_invoke_stub_internal
 function: start: 3a66a5 end: 3a6787 name: art_quick_invoke_static_stub
 function: start: a7129 end: a72f1 name: art::ArtMethod::Invoke(art::Thread*, unsigned int*, unsigned int, art::JValue*, char const*)
 function: start: 2fbd35 end: 2fc789 name: art::InvokeWithArgArray(art::ScopedObjectAccessAlreadyRunnable const&, art::ArtMethod*, art::ArgArray*, art::JValue*, char const*)
 function: start: 2fcf75 end: 2fd88d name: art::InvokeMethod(art::ScopedObjectAccessAlreadyRunnable const&, _jobject*, _jobject*, _jobject*, unsigned int)
-function: start: 2a089d end: 2a08bb name: art::Method_invoke(_JNIEnv*, _jobject*, _jobject*, _jobject*)
\ No newline at end of file
+function: start: 2a089d end: 2a08bb name: art::Method_invoke(_JNIEnv*, _jobject*, _jobject*, _jobject*)
diff --git a/libbacktrace/testdata/aarch64/libbacktrace_test_eh_frame.so b/libbacktrace/testdata/arm64/libbacktrace_test_eh_frame.so
similarity index 100%
rename from libbacktrace/testdata/aarch64/libbacktrace_test_eh_frame.so
rename to libbacktrace/testdata/arm64/libbacktrace_test_eh_frame.so
Binary files differ
diff --git a/libbacktrace/testdata/aarch64/offline_testdata b/libbacktrace/testdata/arm64/offline_testdata
similarity index 88%
rename from libbacktrace/testdata/aarch64/offline_testdata
rename to libbacktrace/testdata/arm64/offline_testdata
index ba44e09..75a2f12 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/testdata/aarch64/offline_testdata
+++ b/libbacktrace/testdata/arm64/offline_testdata
@@ -1,100 +1,100 @@
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 function: start: 0 end: 7015cf5760 name: unknown_start
diff --git a/libbacktrace/testdata/x86/offline_testdata b/libbacktrace/testdata/x86/offline_testdata
index 3e4e06c..e8b7a99 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/testdata/x86/offline_testdata
+++ b/libbacktrace/testdata/x86/offline_testdata
@@ -1,75 +1,75 @@
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 function: start: 0 end: f748c740 name: unknown_start
diff --git a/libbacktrace/testdata/x86_64/offline_testdata b/libbacktrace/testdata/x86_64/offline_testdata
index baf6450..f8d0dc0 100644
--- a/libbacktrace/testdata/x86_64/offline_testdata
+++ b/libbacktrace/testdata/x86_64/offline_testdata
@@ -1,86 +1,86 @@
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+map: start: 7fd5abc6c000 end: 7fd5abc70000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: 
+map: start: 7fd5abc70000 end: 7fd5abc8d000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libunwind.so
+map: start: 7fd5abc8d000 end: 7fd5abc8e000 offset: 1c000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libunwind.so
+map: start: 7fd5abc8e000 end: 7fd5abc8f000 offset: 1d000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libunwind.so
+map: start: 7fd5abc8f000 end: 7fd5abcb8000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: 
+map: start: 7fd5abcb8000 end: 7fd5abcbe000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/liblog.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcbe000 end: 7fd5abcbf000 offset: 6000 load_bias: 0 flags: 0 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/liblog.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcbf000 end: 7fd5abcc0000 offset: 6000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/liblog.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcc0000 end: 7fd5abcc1000 offset: 7000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/liblog.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcc1000 end: 7fd5abcc2000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: 
+map: start: 7fd5abcc2000 end: 7fd5abccd000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libcutils.so
+map: start: 7fd5abccd000 end: 7fd5abcce000 offset: b000 load_bias: 0 flags: 0 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libcutils.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcce000 end: 7fd5abccf000 offset: b000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libcutils.so
+map: start: 7fd5abccf000 end: 7fd5abcd0000 offset: c000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libcutils.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcd0000 end: 7fd5abcdf000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libbase.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcdf000 end: 7fd5abce0000 offset: f000 load_bias: 0 flags: 0 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libbase.so
+map: start: 7fd5abce0000 end: 7fd5abce1000 offset: f000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libbase.so
+map: start: 7fd5abce1000 end: 7fd5abce2000 offset: 10000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libbase.so
+map: start: 7fd5abce2000 end: 7fd5abcf5000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libbacktrace.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcf5000 end: 7fd5abcf6000 offset: 12000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libbacktrace.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcf6000 end: 7fd5abcf7000 offset: 13000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libbacktrace.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcf7000 end: 7fd5abcf8000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libbacktrace_test.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcf8000 end: 7fd5abcf9000 offset: 1000 load_bias: 0 flags: 0 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libbacktrace_test.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcf9000 end: 7fd5abcfa000 offset: 1000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libbacktrace_test.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcfa000 end: 7fd5abcfb000 offset: 2000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/lib64/libbacktrace_test.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcfb000 end: 7fd5abcfd000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: 
+map: start: 7fd5abcfd000 end: 7fd5abcfe000 offset: 22000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.19.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcfe000 end: 7fd5abcff000 offset: 23000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.19.so
+map: start: 7fd5abcff000 end: 7fd5abd00000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: 
+map: start: 7fd5abd00000 end: 7fd5ac053000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/nativetest64/backtrace_test/backtrace_test64
+map: start: 7fd5ac053000 end: 7fd5ac054000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: 
+map: start: 7fd5ac054000 end: 7fd5ac06f000 offset: 353000 load_bias: 0 flags: 1 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/nativetest64/backtrace_test/backtrace_test64
+map: start: 7fd5ac06f000 end: 7fd5ac070000 offset: 36e000 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: /ssd/android/aosp_master/out/host/linux-x86/nativetest64/backtrace_test/backtrace_test64
+map: start: 7fd5ac070000 end: 7fd5ac071000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: 
+map: start: 7fd5ad54e000 end: 7fd5ad56f000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: [heap]
+map: start: 7ffcf47ed000 end: 7ffcf480f000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 3 name: [stack]
+map: start: 7ffcf48d5000 end: 7ffcf48d7000 offset: 0 load_bias: ffffffffff700000 flags: 5 name: [vdso]
+map: start: ffffffffff600000 end: ffffffffff601000 offset: 0 load_bias: 0 flags: 5 name: [vsyscall]
 registers: 936 010000000000000028b480f4fc7f000028b480f4fc7f000028b480f4fc7f0000b92455add57f0000b07bcfabd57f000098deb6abd57f0000b82455add57f0000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000c0e354add57f000000e7b6abd57f0000c8b080f4fc7f00000e0000000000000080ddb6abd57f000000000000000000001500000000000000b07bcfabd57f00001c0000000000000060ddb6abd57f0000d07bcfabd57f0000a0b180f4fc7f000028b480f4fc7f000028b480f4fc7f000028b480f4fc7f000078b480f4fc7f000078b480f4fc7f00007f03ffff0000ffffffffffff000000000000000000000000801f0000fc7f000078b480f4fc7f000060b280f4fc7f000000006a80f3f73cf110b480f4fc7f0000de66d6abd57f00000000000000000000000000000000000000006a80f3f73cf128b480f4fc7f0000782455add57f0000fd96d6abd57f0000092555add57f0000000000000000000057b480f4fc7f0000092555add57f000060b480f4fc7f00006994d6abd57f0000b0e0c6abd57f000071b280f4fc7f000070b280f4fc7f0000256c640000000000a8b180f4fc7f000090b480f4fc7f0000082555add57f0000092555add57f0000092555add57f0000082555add57f00001700000000000000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000f93cfcabd57f0000092555add57f000016000000000000000000000000000000090c07acd57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f000010b380f4fc7f000078b480f4fc7f00000000000000000000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000092555add57f0000092555add57f0000b92455add57f000028b480f4fc7f0000c800000000000000014c7f0b0380ffff0d000000fc7f0000030000000000000033000000d57f000000b480f4fc7f00000000000000000000a0e154ad5b000000000000000000000000000000000000006e000000770000000000000000000000082555add57f00000000000000000000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f00000000000000000000082555add57f0000082555add57f0000082555add57f00006027b4aad57f0000c800000000000000a0e154add57f0000c0e354add57f0000092555add57f000000006a80f3f73cf1e0e054add57f0000e0e554add57f0000d14df6abd57f0000
 stack: start: 7fd5abb6b000 end: 7fd5abb6f000 size: 16384 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 function: start: 0 end: 7fd5abcf7930 name: unknown_start
diff --git a/libcutils/android_reboot.c b/libcutils/android_reboot.c
index a33e45f..996d89d 100644
--- a/libcutils/android_reboot.c
+++ b/libcutils/android_reboot.c
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@
             restart_cmd = "shutdown";
             break;
         case ANDROID_RB_THERMOFF:
-            restart_cmd = "thermal-shutdown";
+            restart_cmd = "shutdown,thermal";
             break;
     }
     if (!restart_cmd) return -1;
-    if (arg) {
+    if (arg && arg[0]) {
         ret = asprintf(&prop_value, "%s,%s", restart_cmd, arg);
     } else {
         ret = asprintf(&prop_value, "%s", restart_cmd);
diff --git a/libcutils/include/cutils/android_reboot.h b/libcutils/include/cutils/android_reboot.h
index 716567a..a903adb 100644
--- a/libcutils/include/cutils/android_reboot.h
+++ b/libcutils/include/cutils/android_reboot.h
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
 /* Properties */
 #define ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY "sys.powerctl"
 
-/* Android reboot reason stored in this file */
-#define LAST_REBOOT_REASON_FILE "/data/misc/reboot/last_reboot_reason"
+/* Android reboot reason stored in this property */
+#define LAST_REBOOT_REASON_PROPERTY "persist.sys.boot.reason"
 
 /* Reboot or shutdown the system.
  * This call uses ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY to request reboot to init process.
diff --git a/liblog/logd_reader.c b/liblog/logd_reader.c
index 600f4bb..603ba24 100644
--- a/liblog/logd_reader.c
+++ b/liblog/logd_reader.c
@@ -590,20 +590,30 @@
 
   memset(log_msg, 0, sizeof(*log_msg));
 
+  unsigned int new_alarm = 0;
   if (logger_list->mode & ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK) {
+    if ((logger_list->mode & ANDROID_LOG_WRAP) &&
+        (logger_list->start.tv_sec || logger_list->start.tv_nsec)) {
+      /* b/64143705 */
+      new_alarm = (ANDROID_LOG_WRAP_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT * 11) / 10 + 10;
+      logger_list->mode &= ~ANDROID_LOG_WRAP;
+    } else {
+      new_alarm = 30;
+    }
+
     memset(&ignore, 0, sizeof(ignore));
     ignore.sa_handler = caught_signal;
     sigemptyset(&ignore.sa_mask);
     /* particularily useful if tombstone is reporting for logd */
     sigaction(SIGALRM, &ignore, &old_sigaction);
-    old_alarm = alarm(30);
+    old_alarm = alarm(new_alarm);
   }
 
   /* NOTE: SOCK_SEQPACKET guarantees we read exactly one full entry */
   ret = recv(ret, log_msg, LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_LEN, 0);
   e = errno;
 
-  if (logger_list->mode & ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK) {
+  if (new_alarm) {
     if ((ret == 0) || (e == EINTR)) {
       e = EAGAIN;
       ret = -1;
diff --git a/liblog/tests/Android.mk b/liblog/tests/Android.mk
index ab96429..275a2d6 100644
--- a/liblog/tests/Android.mk
+++ b/liblog/tests/Android.mk
@@ -64,7 +64,8 @@
     log_radio_test.cpp \
     log_read_test.cpp \
     log_system_test.cpp \
-    log_time_test.cpp
+    log_time_test.cpp \
+    log_wrap_test.cpp
 
 # Build tests for the device (with .so). Run with:
 #   adb shell /data/nativetest/liblog-unit-tests/liblog-unit-tests
diff --git a/liblog/tests/log_id_test.cpp b/liblog/tests/log_id_test.cpp
index c56fa8b..9fb5a2c 100644
--- a/liblog/tests/log_id_test.cpp
+++ b/liblog/tests/log_id_test.cpp
@@ -89,12 +89,12 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(0, pthread_create(&t[i], NULL, ConcurrentPrintFn,
                                 reinterpret_cast<void*>(i)));
   }
-  int ret = 0;
+  int ret = 1;
   for (i = 0; i < NUM_CONCURRENT; i++) {
     void* result;
     ASSERT_EQ(0, pthread_join(t[i], &result));
     int this_result = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(result);
-    if ((0 == ret) && (0 != this_result)) {
+    if ((0 < ret) && (ret != this_result)) {
       ret = this_result;
     }
   }
diff --git a/liblog/tests/log_wrap_test.cpp b/liblog/tests/log_wrap_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ebf0b15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/liblog/tests/log_wrap_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2013-2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android-base/chrono_utils.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android/log.h>  // minimal logging API
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <log/log_properties.h>
+#include <log/log_read.h>
+#include <log/log_time.h>
+#include <log/log_transport.h>
+
+#ifdef __ANDROID__
+static void read_with_wrap() {
+  android_set_log_transport(LOGGER_LOGD);
+
+  // Read the last line in the log to get a starting timestamp. We're assuming
+  // the log is not empty.
+  const int mode = ANDROID_LOG_RDONLY | ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK;
+  struct logger_list* logger_list =
+      android_logger_list_open(LOG_ID_MAIN, mode, 1000, 0);
+
+  ASSERT_NE(logger_list, nullptr);
+
+  log_msg log_msg;
+  int ret = android_logger_list_read(logger_list, &log_msg);
+  android_logger_list_close(logger_list);
+  ASSERT_GT(ret, 0);
+
+  log_time start(log_msg.entry.sec, log_msg.entry.nsec);
+  ASSERT_NE(start, log_time());
+
+  logger_list =
+      android_logger_list_alloc_time(mode | ANDROID_LOG_WRAP, start, 0);
+  ASSERT_NE(logger_list, nullptr);
+
+  struct logger* logger = android_logger_open(logger_list, LOG_ID_MAIN);
+  EXPECT_NE(logger, nullptr);
+  if (logger) {
+    android_logger_list_read(logger_list, &log_msg);
+  }
+
+  android_logger_list_close(logger_list);
+}
+
+static void caught_signal(int /* signum */) {
+}
+#endif
+
+// b/64143705 confirm fixed
+TEST(liblog, wrap_mode_blocks) {
+#ifdef __ANDROID__
+
+  android::base::Timer timer;
+
+  // The read call is expected to take up to 2 hours in the happy case.
+  // We only want to make sure it waits for longer than 30s, but we can't
+  // use an alarm as the implementation uses it. So we run the test in
+  // a separate process.
+  pid_t pid = fork();
+
+  if (pid == 0) {
+    // child
+    read_with_wrap();
+    _exit(0);
+  }
+
+  struct sigaction ignore, old_sigaction;
+  memset(&ignore, 0, sizeof(ignore));
+  ignore.sa_handler = caught_signal;
+  sigemptyset(&ignore.sa_mask);
+  sigaction(SIGALRM, &ignore, &old_sigaction);
+  alarm(45);
+
+  bool killed = false;
+  for (;;) {
+    siginfo_t info = {};
+    // This wait will succeed if the child exits, or fail with EINTR if the
+    // alarm goes off first - a loose approximation to a timed wait.
+    int ret = waitid(P_PID, pid, &info, WEXITED);
+    if (ret >= 0 || errno != EINTR) {
+      EXPECT_EQ(ret, 0);
+      if (!killed) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(info.si_status, 0);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    unsigned int alarm_left = alarm(0);
+    if (alarm_left > 0) {
+      alarm(alarm_left);
+    } else {
+      kill(pid, SIGTERM);
+      killed = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  alarm(0);
+  EXPECT_GT(timer.duration(), std::chrono::seconds(40));
+#else
+  GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "This test does nothing.\n";
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/libmemunreachable/MemUnreachable.cpp b/libmemunreachable/MemUnreachable.cpp
index 5e062fd..24fdc7f 100644
--- a/libmemunreachable/MemUnreachable.cpp
+++ b/libmemunreachable/MemUnreachable.cpp
@@ -479,23 +479,6 @@
   return oss.str();
 }
 
-// Figure out the abi based on defined macros.
-#if defined(__arm__)
-#define ABI_STRING "arm"
-#elif defined(__aarch64__)
-#define ABI_STRING "arm64"
-#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
-#define ABI_STRING "mips"
-#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
-#define ABI_STRING "mips64"
-#elif defined(__i386__)
-#define ABI_STRING "x86"
-#elif defined(__x86_64__)
-#define ABI_STRING "x86_64"
-#else
-#error "Unsupported ABI"
-#endif
-
 std::string UnreachableMemoryInfo::ToString(bool log_contents) const {
   std::ostringstream oss;
   oss << "  " << leak_bytes << " bytes in ";
diff --git a/libnativebridge/Android.bp b/libnativebridge/Android.bp
index 8b48a87..b3c42f0 100644
--- a/libnativebridge/Android.bp
+++ b/libnativebridge/Android.bp
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
     host_supported: true,
     srcs: ["native_bridge.cc"],
-    shared_libs: ["liblog"],
+    shared_libs: ["liblog", "libbase"],
 
     export_include_dirs=["include"],
 
diff --git a/libnativebridge/native_bridge.cc b/libnativebridge/native_bridge.cc
index 02b4fe7..e24307a 100644
--- a/libnativebridge/native_bridge.cc
+++ b/libnativebridge/native_bridge.cc
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 #include <cstring>
 
+#include <android-base/macros.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -243,29 +244,12 @@
   }
 }
 
-#if defined(__arm__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "arm";
-#elif defined(__aarch64__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "arm64";
-#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "mips";
-#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "mips64";
-#elif defined(__i386__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "x86";
-#elif defined(__x86_64__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "x86_64";
-#else
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "unknown";
-#endif
-
-
 bool NeedsNativeBridge(const char* instruction_set) {
   if (instruction_set == nullptr) {
     ALOGE("Null instruction set in NeedsNativeBridge.");
     return false;
   }
-  return strncmp(instruction_set, kRuntimeISA, strlen(kRuntimeISA) + 1) != 0;
+  return strncmp(instruction_set, ABI_STRING, strlen(ABI_STRING) + 1) != 0;
 }
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
diff --git a/libnativebridge/tests/Android.mk b/libnativebridge/tests/Android.mk
index c1e65ff..b3861e0 100644
--- a/libnativebridge/tests/Android.mk
+++ b/libnativebridge/tests/Android.mk
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 shared_libraries := \
     liblog \
+    libbase \
     libnativebridge \
     libnativebridge-dummy
 
diff --git a/libnativebridge/tests/NeedsNativeBridge_test.cpp b/libnativebridge/tests/NeedsNativeBridge_test.cpp
index 2067ed2..c8ff743 100644
--- a/libnativebridge/tests/NeedsNativeBridge_test.cpp
+++ b/libnativebridge/tests/NeedsNativeBridge_test.cpp
@@ -16,34 +16,20 @@
 
 #include "NativeBridgeTest.h"
 
+#include <android-base/macros.h>
+
 namespace android {
 
 static const char* kISAs[] = { "arm", "arm64", "mips", "mips64", "x86", "x86_64", "random", "64arm",
                                "64_x86", "64_x86_64", "", "reallylongstringabcd", nullptr };
 
-#if defined(__arm__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "arm";
-#elif defined(__aarch64__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "arm64";
-#elif defined(__mips__) && !defined(__LP64__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "mips";
-#elif defined(__mips__) && defined(__LP64__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "mips64";
-#elif defined(__i386__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "x86";
-#elif defined(__x86_64__)
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "x86_64";
-#else
-static const char* kRuntimeISA = "unknown";
-#endif
-
 TEST_F(NativeBridgeTest, NeedsNativeBridge) {
-    EXPECT_EQ(false, NeedsNativeBridge(kRuntimeISA));
+  EXPECT_EQ(false, NeedsNativeBridge(ABI_STRING));
 
-    const size_t kISACount = sizeof(kISAs)/sizeof(kISAs[0]);
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < kISACount; i++) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(kISAs[i] == nullptr ? false : strcmp(kISAs[i], kRuntimeISA) != 0,
-                  NeedsNativeBridge(kISAs[i]));
+  const size_t kISACount = sizeof(kISAs) / sizeof(kISAs[0]);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < kISACount; i++) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(kISAs[i] == nullptr ? false : strcmp(kISAs[i], ABI_STRING) != 0,
+              NeedsNativeBridge(kISAs[i]));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp b/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp
index 4fc7c67..4f7476d 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Elf.cpp
@@ -124,6 +124,28 @@
   return true;
 }
 
+void Elf::GetInfo(Memory* memory, bool* valid, uint64_t* size) {
+  if (!IsValidElf(memory)) {
+    *valid = false;
+    return;
+  }
+  *size = 0;
+  *valid = true;
+
+  // Now read the section header information.
+  uint8_t class_type;
+  if (!memory->Read(EI_CLASS, &class_type, 1)) {
+    return;
+  }
+  if (class_type == ELFCLASS32) {
+    ElfInterface32::GetMaxSize(memory, size);
+  } else if (class_type == ELFCLASS64) {
+    ElfInterface64::GetMaxSize(memory, size);
+  } else {
+    *valid = false;
+  }
+}
+
 ElfInterface* Elf::CreateInterfaceFromMemory(Memory* memory) {
   if (!IsValidElf(memory)) {
     return nullptr;
diff --git a/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp b/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp
index 75abc85..be4f88a 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/ElfInterface.cpp
@@ -370,6 +370,22 @@
   return false;
 }
 
+// This is an estimation of the size of the elf file using the location
+// of the section headers and size. This assumes that the section headers
+// are at the end of the elf file. If the elf has a load bias, the size
+// will be too large, but this is acceptable.
+template <typename EhdrType>
+void ElfInterface::GetMaxSizeWithTemplate(Memory* memory, uint64_t* size) {
+  EhdrType ehdr;
+  if (!memory->Read(0, &ehdr, sizeof(ehdr))) {
+    return;
+  }
+  if (ehdr.e_shnum == 0) {
+    return;
+  }
+  *size = ehdr.e_shoff + ehdr.e_shentsize * ehdr.e_shnum;
+}
+
 // Instantiate all of the needed template functions.
 template void ElfInterface::InitHeadersWithTemplate<uint32_t>();
 template void ElfInterface::InitHeadersWithTemplate<uint64_t>();
@@ -391,4 +407,7 @@
 template bool ElfInterface::GetFunctionNameWithTemplate<Elf64_Sym>(uint64_t, std::string*,
                                                                    uint64_t*);
 
+template void ElfInterface::GetMaxSizeWithTemplate<Elf32_Ehdr>(Memory*, uint64_t*);
+template void ElfInterface::GetMaxSizeWithTemplate<Elf64_Ehdr>(Memory*, uint64_t*);
+
 }  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp b/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp
index d0e1216..3272215 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,55 @@
 
 namespace unwindstack {
 
+Memory* MapInfo::GetFileMemory() {
+  std::unique_ptr<MemoryFileAtOffset> memory(new MemoryFileAtOffset);
+  if (offset == 0) {
+    if (memory->Init(name, 0)) {
+      return memory.release();
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // There are two possibilities when the offset is non-zero.
+  // - There is an elf file embedded in a file.
+  // - The whole file is an elf file, and the offset needs to be saved.
+  //
+  // Map in just the part of the file for the map. If this is not
+  // a valid elf, then reinit as if the whole file is an elf file.
+  // If the offset is a valid elf, then determine the size of the map
+  // and reinit to that size. This is needed because the dynamic linker
+  // only maps in a portion of the original elf, and never the symbol
+  // file data.
+  uint64_t map_size = end - start;
+  if (!memory->Init(name, offset, map_size)) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  bool valid;
+  uint64_t max_size;
+  Elf::GetInfo(memory.get(), &valid, &max_size);
+  if (!valid) {
+    // Init as if the whole file is an elf.
+    if (memory->Init(name, 0)) {
+      elf_offset = offset;
+      return memory.release();
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  if (max_size > map_size) {
+    if (memory->Init(name, offset, max_size)) {
+      return memory.release();
+    }
+    // Try to reinit using the default map_size.
+    if (memory->Init(name, offset, map_size)) {
+      return memory.release();
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  return memory.release();
+}
+
 Memory* MapInfo::CreateMemory(pid_t pid) {
   if (end <= start) {
     return nullptr;
@@ -40,33 +89,13 @@
     if (flags & MAPS_FLAGS_DEVICE_MAP) {
       return nullptr;
     }
-
-    std::unique_ptr<MemoryFileAtOffset> file_memory(new MemoryFileAtOffset);
-    uint64_t map_size;
-    if (offset != 0) {
-      // Only map in a piece of the file.
-      map_size = end - start;
-    } else {
-      map_size = UINT64_MAX;
-    }
-    if (file_memory->Init(name, offset, map_size)) {
-      // It's possible that a non-zero offset might not be pointing to
-      // valid elf data. Check if this is a valid elf, and if not assume
-      // that this was meant to incorporate the entire file.
-      if (offset != 0 && !Elf::IsValidElf(file_memory.get())) {
-        // Don't bother checking the validity that will happen on the elf init.
-        if (file_memory->Init(name, 0)) {
-          elf_offset = offset;
-          return file_memory.release();
-        }
-        // Fall through if the init fails.
-      } else {
-        return file_memory.release();
-      }
+    Memory* memory = GetFileMemory();
+    if (memory != nullptr) {
+      return memory;
     }
   }
 
-  Memory* memory = nullptr;
+  Memory* memory;
   if (pid == getpid()) {
     memory = new MemoryLocal();
   } else {
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Maps.cpp b/libunwindstack/Maps.cpp
index 8a90423..5e1c0a2 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Maps.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Maps.cpp
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 
+#include <cctype>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
@@ -55,63 +56,151 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-bool Maps::ParseLine(const char* line, MapInfo* map_info) {
-  char permissions[5];
-  int name_pos;
-  // Linux /proc/<pid>/maps lines:
+// Assumes that line does not end in '\n'.
+static bool InternalParseLine(const char* line, MapInfo* map_info) {
+  // Do not use a sscanf implementation since it is not performant.
+
+  // Example linux /proc/<pid>/maps lines:
   // 6f000000-6f01e000 rwxp 00000000 00:0c 16389419   /system/lib/libcomposer.so
-  if (sscanf(line, "%" SCNx64 "-%" SCNx64 " %4s %" SCNx64 " %*x:%*x %*d %n", &map_info->start,
-             &map_info->end, permissions, &map_info->offset, &name_pos) != 4) {
+  char* str;
+  const char* old_str = line;
+  map_info->start = strtoul(old_str, &str, 16);
+  if (old_str == str || *str++ != '-') {
     return false;
   }
-  map_info->flags = PROT_NONE;
-  if (permissions[0] == 'r') {
+
+  old_str = str;
+  map_info->end = strtoul(old_str, &str, 16);
+  if (old_str == str || !std::isspace(*str++)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  while (std::isspace(*str)) {
+    str++;
+  }
+
+  // Parse permissions data.
+  if (*str == '\0') {
+    return false;
+  }
+  map_info->flags = 0;
+  if (*str == 'r') {
     map_info->flags |= PROT_READ;
+  } else if (*str != '-') {
+    return false;
   }
-  if (permissions[1] == 'w') {
+  str++;
+  if (*str == 'w') {
     map_info->flags |= PROT_WRITE;
+  } else if (*str != '-') {
+    return false;
   }
-  if (permissions[2] == 'x') {
+  str++;
+  if (*str == 'x') {
     map_info->flags |= PROT_EXEC;
+  } else if (*str != '-') {
+    return false;
+  }
+  str++;
+  if (*str != 'p' && *str != 's') {
+    return false;
+  }
+  str++;
+
+  if (!std::isspace(*str++)) {
+    return false;
   }
 
-  if (line[name_pos] != '\0') {
-    map_info->name = &line[name_pos];
-    size_t length = map_info->name.length() - 1;
-    if (map_info->name[length] == '\n') {
-      map_info->name.erase(length);
-    }
-
-    // Mark a device map in /dev/and not in /dev/ashmem/ specially.
-    if (map_info->name.substr(0, 5) == "/dev/" && map_info->name.substr(5, 7) != "ashmem/") {
-      map_info->flags |= MAPS_FLAGS_DEVICE_MAP;
-    }
+  old_str = str;
+  map_info->offset = strtoul(old_str, &str, 16);
+  if (old_str == str || !std::isspace(*str)) {
+    return false;
   }
 
+  // Ignore the 00:00 values.
+  old_str = str;
+  (void)strtoul(old_str, &str, 16);
+  if (old_str == str || *str++ != ':') {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (std::isspace(*str)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Skip the inode.
+  old_str = str;
+  (void)strtoul(str, &str, 16);
+  if (old_str == str || !std::isspace(*str++)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Skip decimal digit.
+  old_str = str;
+  (void)strtoul(old_str, &str, 10);
+  if (old_str == str || (!std::isspace(*str) && *str != '\0')) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  while (std::isspace(*str)) {
+    str++;
+  }
+  if (*str == '\0') {
+    map_info->name = str;
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Save the name data.
+  map_info->name = str;
+
+  // Mark a device map in /dev/ and not in /dev/ashmem/ specially.
+  if (map_info->name.substr(0, 5) == "/dev/" && map_info->name.substr(5, 7) != "ashmem/") {
+    map_info->flags |= MAPS_FLAGS_DEVICE_MAP;
+  }
   return true;
 }
 
 bool Maps::Parse() {
-  std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)> fp(fopen(GetMapsFile().c_str(), "re"), fclose);
-  if (!fp) {
+  int fd = open(GetMapsFile().c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
+  if (fd == -1) {
     return false;
   }
 
-  bool valid = true;
-  char* line = nullptr;
-  size_t line_len;
-  while (getline(&line, &line_len, fp.get()) > 0) {
-    MapInfo map_info;
-    if (!ParseLine(line, &map_info)) {
-      valid = false;
+  bool return_value = true;
+  char buffer[2048];
+  size_t leftover = 0;
+  while (true) {
+    ssize_t bytes = read(fd, &buffer[leftover], 2048 - leftover);
+    if (bytes == -1) {
+      return_value = false;
       break;
     }
+    if (bytes == 0) {
+      break;
+    }
+    bytes += leftover;
+    char* line = buffer;
+    while (bytes > 0) {
+      char* newline = static_cast<char*>(memchr(line, '\n', bytes));
+      if (newline == nullptr) {
+        memmove(buffer, line, bytes);
+        break;
+      }
+      *newline = '\0';
 
-    maps_.push_back(map_info);
+      MapInfo map_info;
+      if (!InternalParseLine(line, &map_info)) {
+        return_value = false;
+        break;
+      }
+      maps_.push_back(map_info);
+
+      bytes -= newline - line + 1;
+      line = newline + 1;
+    }
+    leftover = bytes;
   }
-  free(line);
-
-  return valid;
+  close(fd);
+  return return_value;
 }
 
 Maps::~Maps() {
@@ -129,12 +218,12 @@
     if (end_of_line == nullptr) {
       line = start_of_line;
     } else {
-      end_of_line++;
       line = std::string(start_of_line, end_of_line - start_of_line);
+      end_of_line++;
     }
 
     MapInfo map_info;
-    if (!ParseLine(line.c_str(), &map_info)) {
+    if (!InternalParseLine(line.c_str(), &map_info)) {
       return false;
     }
     maps_.push_back(map_info);
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp b/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp
index dea7b87..4d09c1b 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp
@@ -56,6 +56,10 @@
 RegsArm::RegsArm()
     : RegsImpl<uint32_t>(ARM_REG_LAST, ARM_REG_SP, Location(LOCATION_REGISTER, ARM_REG_LR)) {}
 
+uint32_t RegsArm::MachineType() {
+  return EM_ARM;
+}
+
 uint64_t RegsArm::GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf) {
   if (!elf->valid()) {
     return rel_pc;
@@ -90,6 +94,10 @@
 RegsArm64::RegsArm64()
     : RegsImpl<uint64_t>(ARM64_REG_LAST, ARM64_REG_SP, Location(LOCATION_REGISTER, ARM64_REG_LR)) {}
 
+uint32_t RegsArm64::MachineType() {
+  return EM_AARCH64;
+}
+
 uint64_t RegsArm64::GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf) {
   if (!elf->valid()) {
     return rel_pc;
@@ -109,6 +117,10 @@
 RegsX86::RegsX86()
     : RegsImpl<uint32_t>(X86_REG_LAST, X86_REG_SP, Location(LOCATION_SP_OFFSET, -4)) {}
 
+uint32_t RegsX86::MachineType() {
+  return EM_386;
+}
+
 uint64_t RegsX86::GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf) {
   if (!elf->valid()) {
     return rel_pc;
@@ -128,6 +140,10 @@
 RegsX86_64::RegsX86_64()
     : RegsImpl<uint64_t>(X86_64_REG_LAST, X86_64_REG_SP, Location(LOCATION_SP_OFFSET, -8)) {}
 
+uint32_t RegsX86_64::MachineType() {
+  return EM_X86_64;
+}
+
 uint64_t RegsX86_64::GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf) {
   if (!elf->valid()) {
     return rel_pc;
@@ -212,7 +228,7 @@
 
 // This function assumes that reg_data is already aligned to a 64 bit value.
 // If not this could crash with an unaligned access.
-Regs* Regs::RemoteGet(pid_t pid, uint32_t* machine_type) {
+Regs* Regs::RemoteGet(pid_t pid) {
   // Make the buffer large enough to contain the largest registers type.
   std::vector<uint64_t> buffer(MAX_USER_REGS_SIZE / sizeof(uint64_t));
   struct iovec io;
@@ -225,16 +241,12 @@
 
   switch (io.iov_len) {
   case sizeof(x86_user_regs):
-    *machine_type = EM_386;
     return ReadX86(buffer.data());
   case sizeof(x86_64_user_regs):
-    *machine_type = EM_X86_64;
     return ReadX86_64(buffer.data());
   case sizeof(arm_user_regs):
-    *machine_type = EM_ARM;
     return ReadArm(buffer.data());
   case sizeof(arm64_user_regs):
-    *machine_type = EM_AARCH64;
     return ReadArm64(buffer.data());
   }
   return nullptr;
@@ -320,7 +332,7 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-uint32_t Regs::GetMachineType() {
+uint32_t Regs::CurrentMachineType() {
 #if defined(__arm__)
   return EM_ARM;
 #elif defined(__aarch64__)
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h
index d89a746..4e7eb34 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Elf.h
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@
 
   static bool IsValidElf(Memory* memory);
 
+  static void GetInfo(Memory* memory, bool* valid, uint64_t* size);
+
  protected:
   bool valid_ = false;
   std::unique_ptr<ElfInterface> interface_;
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/ElfInterface.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/ElfInterface.h
index 5cac0d3..142a625 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/ElfInterface.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/ElfInterface.h
@@ -102,6 +102,9 @@
 
   virtual bool HandleType(uint64_t, uint32_t) { return false; }
 
+  template <typename EhdrType>
+  static void GetMaxSizeWithTemplate(Memory* memory, uint64_t* size);
+
   Memory* memory_;
   std::unordered_map<uint64_t, LoadInfo> pt_loads_;
   uint64_t load_bias_ = 0;
@@ -146,6 +149,10 @@
   bool GetFunctionName(uint64_t addr, std::string* name, uint64_t* func_offset) override {
     return ElfInterface::GetFunctionNameWithTemplate<Elf32_Sym>(addr, name, func_offset);
   }
+
+  static void GetMaxSize(Memory* memory, uint64_t* size) {
+    GetMaxSizeWithTemplate<Elf32_Ehdr>(memory, size);
+  }
 };
 
 class ElfInterface64 : public ElfInterface {
@@ -166,6 +173,10 @@
   bool GetFunctionName(uint64_t addr, std::string* name, uint64_t* func_offset) override {
     return ElfInterface::GetFunctionNameWithTemplate<Elf64_Sym>(addr, name, func_offset);
   }
+
+  static void GetMaxSize(Memory* memory, uint64_t* size) {
+    GetMaxSizeWithTemplate<Elf64_Ehdr>(memory, size);
+  }
 };
 
 }  // namespace unwindstack
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h
index 1854767..b8ba925 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
   // instead of a portion of the file.
   uint64_t elf_offset;
 
+  Memory* GetFileMemory();
   Memory* CreateMemory(pid_t pid);
   // This function guarantees it will never return nullptr.
   Elf* GetElf(pid_t pid, bool init_gnu_debugdata = false);
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Maps.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Maps.h
index 0b02739..22122a9 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Maps.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Maps.h
@@ -38,8 +38,6 @@
 
   MapInfo* Find(uint64_t pc);
 
-  bool ParseLine(const char* line, MapInfo* map_info);
-
   virtual bool Parse();
 
   virtual const std::string GetMapsFile() const { return ""; }
@@ -54,6 +52,11 @@
 
   size_t Total() { return maps_.size(); }
 
+  MapInfo* Get(size_t index) {
+    if (index >= maps_.size()) return nullptr;
+    return &maps_[index];
+  }
+
  protected:
   std::vector<MapInfo> maps_;
 };
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Regs.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Regs.h
index 78e2c0d..ed4d38a 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Regs.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Regs.h
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@
       : total_regs_(total_regs), sp_reg_(sp_reg), return_loc_(return_loc) {}
   virtual ~Regs() = default;
 
+  virtual uint32_t MachineType() = 0;
+
   virtual void* RawData() = 0;
   virtual uint64_t pc() = 0;
   virtual uint64_t sp() = 0;
@@ -64,8 +66,8 @@
   uint16_t sp_reg() { return sp_reg_; }
   uint16_t total_regs() { return total_regs_; }
 
-  static uint32_t GetMachineType();
-  static Regs* RemoteGet(pid_t pid, uint32_t* machine_type);
+  static uint32_t CurrentMachineType();
+  static Regs* RemoteGet(pid_t pid);
   static Regs* CreateFromUcontext(uint32_t machine_type, void* ucontext);
   static Regs* CreateFromLocal();
 
@@ -105,6 +107,8 @@
   RegsArm();
   virtual ~RegsArm() = default;
 
+  virtual uint32_t MachineType() override final;
+
   uint64_t GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf) override;
 
   void SetFromRaw() override;
@@ -117,6 +121,8 @@
   RegsArm64();
   virtual ~RegsArm64() = default;
 
+  virtual uint32_t MachineType() override final;
+
   uint64_t GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf) override;
 
   void SetFromRaw() override;
@@ -129,6 +135,8 @@
   RegsX86();
   virtual ~RegsX86() = default;
 
+  virtual uint32_t MachineType() override final;
+
   uint64_t GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf) override;
 
   void SetFromRaw() override;
@@ -143,6 +151,8 @@
   RegsX86_64();
   virtual ~RegsX86_64() = default;
 
+  virtual uint32_t MachineType() override final;
+
   uint64_t GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t rel_pc, Elf* elf) override;
 
   void SetFromRaw() override;
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp
index 9e45e78..2aab9c6 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp
@@ -38,30 +38,50 @@
 
 class MapInfoCreateMemoryTest : public ::testing::Test {
  protected:
+  template <typename Ehdr, typename Shdr>
+  static void InitElf(int fd, uint64_t file_offset, uint64_t sh_offset, uint8_t class_type) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(20000);
+    memset(buffer.data(), 0, buffer.size());
+
+    Ehdr ehdr;
+    memset(&ehdr, 0, sizeof(ehdr));
+    memcpy(ehdr.e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG);
+    ehdr.e_ident[EI_CLASS] = class_type;
+    ehdr.e_shoff = sh_offset;
+    ehdr.e_shentsize = sizeof(Shdr) + 100;
+    ehdr.e_shnum = 4;
+    memcpy(&buffer[file_offset], &ehdr, sizeof(ehdr));
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::WriteFully(fd, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+  }
+
   static void SetUpTestCase() {
     std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(1024);
+    memset(buffer.data(), 0, buffer.size());
     memcpy(buffer.data(), ELFMAG, SELFMAG);
-    for (size_t i = SELFMAG; i < buffer.size(); i++) {
-      buffer[i] = i / 256 + 1;
-    }
+    buffer[EI_CLASS] = ELFCLASS32;
     ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::WriteFully(elf_.fd, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
 
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < 0x100; i++) {
-      buffer[i] = i / 256 + 1;
-    }
+    memset(buffer.data(), 0, buffer.size());
     memcpy(&buffer[0x100], ELFMAG, SELFMAG);
-    for (size_t i = 0x100 + SELFMAG; i < buffer.size(); i++) {
-      buffer[i] = i / 256 + 1;
-    }
+    buffer[0x100 + EI_CLASS] = ELFCLASS64;
     ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::WriteFully(elf_at_100_.fd, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+
+    InitElf<Elf32_Ehdr, Elf32_Shdr>(elf32_at_map_.fd, 0x1000, 0x2000, ELFCLASS32);
+    InitElf<Elf64_Ehdr, Elf64_Shdr>(elf64_at_map_.fd, 0x2000, 0x3000, ELFCLASS64);
   }
 
   static TemporaryFile elf_;
 
   static TemporaryFile elf_at_100_;
+
+  static TemporaryFile elf32_at_map_;
+  static TemporaryFile elf64_at_map_;
 };
 TemporaryFile MapInfoCreateMemoryTest::elf_;
 TemporaryFile MapInfoCreateMemoryTest::elf_at_100_;
+TemporaryFile MapInfoCreateMemoryTest::elf32_at_map_;
+TemporaryFile MapInfoCreateMemoryTest::elf64_at_map_;
 
 TEST_F(MapInfoCreateMemoryTest, end_le_start) {
   MapInfo info{.start = 0x100, .end = 0x100, .offset = 0, .name = elf_.path};
@@ -93,8 +113,9 @@
   std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(1024);
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory->Read(0, buffer.data(), 1024));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memcmp(buffer.data(), ELFMAG, SELFMAG) == 0);
-  for (size_t i = SELFMAG; i < buffer.size(); i++) {
-    ASSERT_EQ(i / 256 + 1, buffer[i]) << "Failed at byte " << i;
+  ASSERT_EQ(ELFCLASS32, buffer[EI_CLASS]);
+  for (size_t i = EI_CLASS + 1; i < buffer.size(); i++) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, buffer[i]) << "Failed at byte " << i;
   }
 
   ASSERT_FALSE(memory->Read(1024, buffer.data(), 1));
@@ -113,13 +134,50 @@
   std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(0x100);
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory->Read(0, buffer.data(), 0x100));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memcmp(buffer.data(), ELFMAG, SELFMAG) == 0);
-  for (size_t i = SELFMAG; i < buffer.size(); i++) {
-    ASSERT_EQ(2, buffer[i]) << "Failed at byte " << i;
+  ASSERT_EQ(ELFCLASS64, buffer[EI_CLASS]);
+  for (size_t i = EI_CLASS + 1; i < buffer.size(); i++) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, buffer[i]) << "Failed at byte " << i;
   }
 
   ASSERT_FALSE(memory->Read(0x100, buffer.data(), 1));
 }
 
+// Verify that if the offset is non-zero and there is an elf at that
+// offset, that only part of the file is used. Further verify that if the
+// embedded elf is bigger than the initial map, the new object is larger
+// than the original map size. Do this for a 32 bit elf and a 64 bit elf.
+TEST_F(MapInfoCreateMemoryTest, file_backed_non_zero_offset_partial_file_whole_elf32) {
+  MapInfo info{.start = 0x5000, .end = 0x6000, .offset = 0x1000, .name = elf32_at_map_.path};
+
+  std::unique_ptr<Memory> memory(info.CreateMemory(getpid()));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0U, info.elf_offset);
+
+  // Verify the memory is a valid elf.
+  uint8_t e_ident[SELFMAG + 1];
+  ASSERT_TRUE(memory->Read(0, e_ident, SELFMAG));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, memcmp(e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG));
+
+  // Read past the end of what would normally be the size of the map.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(memory->Read(0x1000, e_ident, 1));
+}
+
+TEST_F(MapInfoCreateMemoryTest, file_backed_non_zero_offset_partial_file_whole_elf64) {
+  MapInfo info{.start = 0x7000, .end = 0x8000, .offset = 0x2000, .name = elf64_at_map_.path};
+
+  std::unique_ptr<Memory> memory(info.CreateMemory(getpid()));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0U, info.elf_offset);
+
+  // Verify the memory is a valid elf.
+  uint8_t e_ident[SELFMAG + 1];
+  ASSERT_TRUE(memory->Read(0, e_ident, SELFMAG));
+  ASSERT_EQ(0, memcmp(e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG));
+
+  // Read past the end of what would normally be the size of the map.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(memory->Read(0x1000, e_ident, 1));
+}
+
 // Verify that device file names will never result in Memory object creation.
 TEST_F(MapInfoCreateMemoryTest, check_device_maps) {
   // Set up some memory so that a valid local memory object would
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/MapsTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/MapsTest.cpp
index 9430cf3..2d15a4e 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/MapsTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/MapsTest.cpp
@@ -14,9 +14,11 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <inttypes.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/test_utils.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
@@ -24,13 +26,116 @@
 
 namespace unwindstack {
 
+static void VerifyLine(std::string line, MapInfo* info) {
+  BufferMaps maps(line.c_str());
+
+  if (info == nullptr) {
+    ASSERT_FALSE(maps.Parse()) << "Failed on: " + line;
+  } else {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(maps.Parse()) << "Failed on: " + line;
+    MapInfo* element = maps.Get(0);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(element != nullptr) << "Failed on: " + line;
+    *info = *element;
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(MapsTest, verify_parse_line) {
+  MapInfo info;
+
+  VerifyLine("01-02 rwxp 03 04:05 06\n", &info);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1U, info.start);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2U, info.end);
+  EXPECT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, info.flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3U, info.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ("", info.name);
+
+  VerifyLine("0a-0b ---s 0c 0d:0e 06 /fake/name\n", &info);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xaU, info.start);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xbU, info.end);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, info.flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xcU, info.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ("/fake/name", info.name);
+
+  VerifyLine("01-02   rwxp   03    04:05    06    /fake/name/again\n", &info);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1U, info.start);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2U, info.end);
+  EXPECT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, info.flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3U, info.offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ("/fake/name/again", info.name);
+
+  VerifyLine("-00 rwxp 00 00:00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00- rwxp 00 00:00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwxp 00 :00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwxp 00 00:00 \n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("x-00 rwxp 00 00:00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00 -00 rwxp 00 00:00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-x rwxp 00 00:00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-x rwxp 00 00:00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00x rwxp 00 00:00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwxp0 00 00:00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwxp0 00 00:00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwp 00 00:00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwxp 0000:00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwxp 00 00 :00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwxp 00 00: 00 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwxp 00 00:000\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwxp 00 00:00 0/fake\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 xxxx 00 00:00 0 /fake\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 ywxp 00 00:00 0 /fake\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 ryxp 00 00:00 0 /fake\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwyp 00 00:00 0 /fake\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwx- 00 00:00 0 /fake\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 \n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 -\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 r\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 --\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rw\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 ---\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 rwx\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 ---s\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 ---p\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 ---s 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 ---p 0 \n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 ---p 0 0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 ---p 0 0:\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 ---p 0 0:0\n", nullptr);
+  VerifyLine("00-00 ---p 0 0:0 \n", nullptr);
+
+  // Line to verify that the parser will detect a completely malformed line
+  // properly.
+  VerifyLine("7ffff7dda000-7ffff7dfd7ffff7ff3000-7ffff7ff4000 ---p 0000f000 fc:02 44171565\n",
+             nullptr);
+}
+
+TEST(MapsTest, verify_large_values) {
+  MapInfo info;
+#if defined(__LP64__)
+  VerifyLine("fabcdef012345678-f12345678abcdef8 rwxp f0b0d0f010305070 00:00 0\n", &info);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xfabcdef012345678UL, info.start);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xf12345678abcdef8UL, info.end);
+  EXPECT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, info.flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xf0b0d0f010305070UL, info.offset);
+#else
+  VerifyLine("f2345678-fabcdef8 rwxp f0305070 00:00 0\n", &info);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xf2345678UL, info.start);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xfabcdef8UL, info.end);
+  EXPECT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, info.flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xf0305070UL, info.offset);
+#endif
+}
+
 TEST(MapsTest, parse_permissions) {
   BufferMaps maps(
-      "1000-2000 ---- 00000000 00:00 0\n"
-      "2000-3000 r--- 00000000 00:00 0\n"
-      "3000-4000 -w-- 00000000 00:00 0\n"
-      "4000-5000 --x- 00000000 00:00 0\n"
-      "5000-6000 rwx- 00000000 00:00 0\n");
+      "1000-2000 ---s 00000000 00:00 0\n"
+      "2000-3000 r--s 00000000 00:00 0\n"
+      "3000-4000 -w-s 00000000 00:00 0\n"
+      "4000-5000 --xp 00000000 00:00 0\n"
+      "5000-6000 rwxp 00000000 00:00 0\n");
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(maps.Parse());
   ASSERT_EQ(5U, maps.Total());
@@ -70,28 +175,28 @@
 
 TEST(MapsTest, parse_name) {
   BufferMaps maps(
-      "720b29b000-720b29e000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0\n"
-      "720b29e000-720b29f000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 /system/lib/fake.so\n"
-      "720b29f000-720b2a0000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0");
+      "7b29b000-7b29e000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0\n"
+      "7b29e000-7b29f000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 /system/lib/fake.so\n"
+      "7b29f000-7b2a0000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0");
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(maps.Parse());
   ASSERT_EQ(3U, maps.Total());
   auto it = maps.begin();
   ASSERT_EQ("", it->name);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b29b000U, it->start);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b29e000U, it->end);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b29b000U, it->start);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b29e000U, it->end);
   ASSERT_EQ(0U, it->offset);
   ASSERT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, it->flags);
   ++it;
   ASSERT_EQ("/system/lib/fake.so", it->name);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b29e000U, it->start);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b29f000U, it->end);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b29e000U, it->start);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b29f000U, it->end);
   ASSERT_EQ(0U, it->offset);
   ASSERT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, it->flags);
   ++it;
   ASSERT_EQ("", it->name);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b29f000U, it->start);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b2a0000U, it->end);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b29f000U, it->start);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b2a0000U, it->end);
   ASSERT_EQ(0U, it->offset);
   ASSERT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, it->flags);
   ++it;
@@ -149,9 +254,9 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(tf.fd != -1);
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(
-      android::base::WriteStringToFile("720b29b000-720b29e000 r-xp a0000000 00:00 0   /fake.so\n"
-                                       "720b2b0000-720b2e0000 r-xp b0000000 00:00 0   /fake2.so\n"
-                                       "720b2e0000-720b2f0000 r-xp c0000000 00:00 0   /fake3.so\n",
+      android::base::WriteStringToFile("7b29b000-7b29e000 r-xp a0000000 00:00 0   /fake.so\n"
+                                       "7b2b0000-7b2e0000 r-xp b0000000 00:00 0   /fake2.so\n"
+                                       "7b2e0000-7b2f0000 r-xp c0000000 00:00 0   /fake3.so\n",
                                        tf.path, 0660, getuid(), getgid()));
 
   FileMaps maps(tf.path);
@@ -159,20 +264,20 @@
   ASSERT_TRUE(maps.Parse());
   ASSERT_EQ(3U, maps.Total());
   auto it = maps.begin();
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b29b000U, it->start);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b29e000U, it->end);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b29b000U, it->start);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b29e000U, it->end);
   ASSERT_EQ(0xa0000000U, it->offset);
   ASSERT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC, it->flags);
   ASSERT_EQ("/fake.so", it->name);
   ++it;
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b2b0000U, it->start);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b2e0000U, it->end);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b2b0000U, it->start);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b2e0000U, it->end);
   ASSERT_EQ(0xb0000000U, it->offset);
   ASSERT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC, it->flags);
   ASSERT_EQ("/fake2.so", it->name);
   ++it;
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b2e0000U, it->start);
-  ASSERT_EQ(0x720b2f0000U, it->end);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b2e0000U, it->start);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b2f0000U, it->end);
   ASSERT_EQ(0xc0000000U, it->offset);
   ASSERT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC, it->flags);
   ASSERT_EQ("/fake3.so", it->name);
@@ -180,6 +285,163 @@
   ASSERT_EQ(it, maps.end());
 }
 
+TEST(MapsTest, file_no_map_name) {
+  TemporaryFile tf;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(tf.fd != -1);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(
+      android::base::WriteStringToFile("7b29b000-7b29e000 r-xp a0000000 00:00 0\n"
+                                       "7b2b0000-7b2e0000 r-xp b0000000 00:00 0   /fake2.so\n"
+                                       "7b2e0000-7b2f0000 r-xp c0000000 00:00 0 \n",
+                                       tf.path, 0660, getuid(), getgid()));
+
+  FileMaps maps(tf.path);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(maps.Parse());
+  ASSERT_EQ(3U, maps.Total());
+  auto it = maps.begin();
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b29b000U, it->start);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b29e000U, it->end);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0xa0000000U, it->offset);
+  ASSERT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC, it->flags);
+  ASSERT_EQ("", it->name);
+  ++it;
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b2b0000U, it->start);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b2e0000U, it->end);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0xb0000000U, it->offset);
+  ASSERT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC, it->flags);
+  ASSERT_EQ("/fake2.so", it->name);
+  ++it;
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b2e0000U, it->start);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0x7b2f0000U, it->end);
+  ASSERT_EQ(0xc0000000U, it->offset);
+  ASSERT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC, it->flags);
+  ASSERT_EQ("", it->name);
+  ++it;
+  ASSERT_EQ(it, maps.end());
+}
+
+// Verify that a file that crosses a buffer is parsed correctly.
+static std::string CreateEntry(size_t index) {
+  return android::base::StringPrintf("%08zx-%08zx rwxp 0000 00:00 0\n", index * 4096,
+                                     (index + 1) * 4096);
+}
+
+TEST(MapsTest, file_buffer_cross) {
+  constexpr size_t kBufferSize = 2048;
+  TemporaryFile tf;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(tf.fd != -1);
+
+  // Compute how many to add in the first buffer.
+  size_t entry_len = CreateEntry(0).size();
+  size_t index;
+  std::string file_data;
+  for (index = 0; index < kBufferSize / entry_len; index++) {
+    file_data += CreateEntry(index);
+  }
+  // Add a long name to make sure that the first buffer does not contain a
+  // complete line.
+  // Remove the last newline.
+  size_t extra = 0;
+  size_t leftover = kBufferSize % entry_len;
+  size_t overlap1_index = 0;
+  std::string overlap1_name;
+  if (leftover == 0) {
+    // Exact match, add a long name to cross over the value.
+    overlap1_name = "/fake/name/is/long/on/purpose";
+    file_data.erase(file_data.size() - 1);
+    file_data += ' ' + overlap1_name + '\n';
+    extra = entry_len + overlap1_name.size() + 1;
+    overlap1_index = index;
+  }
+
+  // Compute how many need to go in to hit the buffer boundary exactly.
+  size_t bytes_left_in_buffer = kBufferSize - extra;
+  size_t entries_to_add = bytes_left_in_buffer / entry_len + index;
+  for (; index < entries_to_add; index++) {
+    file_data += CreateEntry(index);
+  }
+
+  // Now figure out how many bytes to add to get exactly to the buffer boundary.
+  leftover = bytes_left_in_buffer % entry_len;
+  std::string overlap2_name;
+  size_t overlap2_index = 0;
+  if (leftover != 0) {
+    file_data.erase(file_data.size() - 1);
+    file_data += ' ';
+    overlap2_name = std::string(leftover - 1, 'x');
+    file_data += overlap2_name + '\n';
+    overlap2_index = index - 1;
+  }
+
+  // Now add a few entries on the next page.
+  for (size_t start = index; index < start + 10; index++) {
+    file_data += CreateEntry(index);
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::WriteStringToFile(file_data, tf.path, 0660, getuid(), getgid()));
+
+  FileMaps maps(tf.path);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(maps.Parse());
+  EXPECT_EQ(index, maps.Total());
+  // Verify all of the maps.
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < index; i++) {
+    MapInfo* info = maps.Get(i);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(info != nullptr) << "Failed verifying index " + std::to_string(i);
+    EXPECT_EQ(i * 4096, info->start) << "Failed verifying index " + std::to_string(i);
+    EXPECT_EQ((i + 1) * 4096, info->end) << "Failed verifying index " + std::to_string(i);
+    EXPECT_EQ(0U, info->offset) << "Failed verifying index " + std::to_string(i);
+    if (overlap1_index != 0 && i == overlap1_index) {
+      EXPECT_EQ(overlap1_name, info->name) << "Failed verifying overlap1 name " + std::to_string(i);
+    } else if (overlap2_index != 0 && i == overlap2_index) {
+      EXPECT_EQ(overlap2_name, info->name) << "Failed verifying overlap2 name " + std::to_string(i);
+    } else {
+      EXPECT_EQ("", info->name) << "Failed verifying index " + std::to_string(i);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(MapsTest, file_should_fail) {
+  TemporaryFile tf;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(tf.fd != -1);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::WriteStringToFile(
+      "7ffff7dda000-7ffff7dfd7ffff7ff3000-7ffff7ff4000 ---p 0000f000 fc:02 44171565\n", tf.path,
+      0660, getuid(), getgid()));
+
+  FileMaps maps(tf.path);
+
+  ASSERT_FALSE(maps.Parse());
+}
+
+// Create a maps file that is extremely large.
+TEST(MapsTest, large_file) {
+  TemporaryFile tf;
+  ASSERT_TRUE(tf.fd != -1);
+
+  std::string file_data;
+  uint64_t start = 0x700000;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
+    file_data +=
+        android::base::StringPrintf("%" PRIx64 "-%" PRIx64 " r-xp 1000 00:0 0 /fake%zu.so\n",
+                                    start + i * 4096, start + (i + 1) * 4096, i);
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::WriteStringToFile(file_data, tf.path, 0660, getuid(), getgid()));
+
+  FileMaps maps(tf.path);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(maps.Parse());
+  ASSERT_EQ(5000U, maps.Total());
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
+    MapInfo* info = maps.Get(i);
+    ASSERT_EQ(start + i * 4096, info->start) << "Failed at map " + std::to_string(i);
+    ASSERT_EQ(start + (i + 1) * 4096, info->end) << "Failed at map " + std::to_string(i);
+    std::string name = "/fake" + std::to_string(i) + ".so";
+    ASSERT_EQ(name, info->name) << "Failed at map " + std::to_string(i);
+  }
+}
+
 TEST(MapsTest, find) {
   BufferMaps maps(
       "1000-2000 r--p 00000010 00:00 0 /system/lib/fake1.so\n"
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/RegsFake.h b/libunwindstack/tests/RegsFake.h
index 6669d7d..c76ecaa 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/RegsFake.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/RegsFake.h
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@
       : RegsImpl<TypeParam>(total_regs, sp_reg, Regs::Location(Regs::LOCATION_UNKNOWN, 0)) {}
   virtual ~RegsFake() = default;
 
+  uint32_t MachineType() override { return 0; }
+
   uint64_t GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t, Elf*) override { return 0; }
   void SetFromRaw() override {}
   bool StepIfSignalHandler(uint64_t, Elf*, Memory*) override { return false; }
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/RegsTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/RegsTest.cpp
index e6de56a..f549a50 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/RegsTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/RegsTest.cpp
@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@
       : RegsImpl<TypeParam>(total_regs, regs_sp, return_loc) {}
   virtual ~RegsTestImpl() = default;
 
+  uint32_t MachineType() override { return 0; }
+
   uint64_t GetAdjustedPc(uint64_t, Elf*) override { return 0; }
   void SetFromRaw() override {}
   bool StepIfSignalHandler(uint64_t, Elf*, Memory*) override { return false; }
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp
index 3c69e2a..2fc3a38 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwindTest.cpp
@@ -206,8 +206,7 @@
   RemoteMaps maps(pid);
   ASSERT_TRUE(maps.Parse());
   MemoryRemote memory(pid);
-  uint32_t machine_type;
-  std::unique_ptr<Regs> regs(Regs::RemoteGet(pid, &machine_type));
+  std::unique_ptr<Regs> regs(Regs::RemoteGet(pid));
   ASSERT_TRUE(regs.get() != nullptr);
 
   VerifyUnwind(pid, &memory, &maps, regs.get(), kFunctionOrder);
@@ -254,7 +253,7 @@
 
   LocalMaps maps;
   ASSERT_TRUE(maps.Parse());
-  std::unique_ptr<Regs> regs(Regs::CreateFromUcontext(Regs::GetMachineType(), ucontext));
+  std::unique_ptr<Regs> regs(Regs::CreateFromUcontext(Regs::CurrentMachineType(), ucontext));
   MemoryLocal memory;
 
   VerifyUnwind(tid.load(), &memory, &maps, regs.get(), kFunctionOrder);
@@ -293,8 +292,7 @@
   RemoteMaps maps(pid);
   ASSERT_TRUE(maps.Parse());
   MemoryRemote memory(pid);
-  uint32_t machine_type;
-  std::unique_ptr<Regs> regs(Regs::RemoteGet(pid, &machine_type));
+  std::unique_ptr<Regs> regs(Regs::RemoteGet(pid));
   ASSERT_TRUE(regs.get() != nullptr);
 
   VerifyUnwind(pid, &memory, &maps, regs.get(), kFunctionSignalOrder);
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tools/unwind.cpp b/libunwindstack/tools/unwind.cpp
index 642105a..c1077f8 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tools/unwind.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tools/unwind.cpp
@@ -62,8 +62,7 @@
     return;
   }
 
-  uint32_t machine_type;
-  unwindstack::Regs* regs = unwindstack::Regs::RemoteGet(pid, &machine_type);
+  unwindstack::Regs* regs = unwindstack::Regs::RemoteGet(pid);
   if (regs == nullptr) {
     printf("Unable to get remote reg data\n");
     return;
@@ -71,7 +70,7 @@
 
   bool bits32 = true;
   printf("ABI: ");
-  switch (machine_type) {
+  switch (regs->MachineType()) {
     case EM_ARM:
       printf("arm");
       break;
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tools/unwind_symbols.cpp b/libunwindstack/tools/unwind_symbols.cpp
index b757c1e..dc9ae5a 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tools/unwind_symbols.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tools/unwind_symbols.cpp
@@ -28,8 +28,11 @@
 #include <unwindstack/Memory.h>
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-  if (argc != 2) {
-    printf("Need to pass the name of an elf file to the program.\n");
+  if (argc != 2 && argc != 3) {
+    printf("Usage: unwind_symbols <ELF_FILE> [<FUNC_ADDRESS>]\n");
+    printf("  Dump all function symbols in ELF_FILE. If FUNC_ADDRESS is\n");
+    printf("  specified, then get the function at that address.\n");
+    printf("  FUNC_ADDRESS must be a hex number.\n");
     return 1;
   }
 
@@ -43,6 +46,16 @@
     return 1;
   }
 
+  uint64_t func_addr;
+  if (argc == 3) {
+    char* name;
+    func_addr = strtoull(argv[2], &name, 16);
+    if (*name != '\0') {
+      printf("%s is not a hex number.\n", argv[2]);
+      return 1;
+    }
+  }
+
   // Send all log messages to stdout.
   unwindstack::log_to_stdout(true);
 
@@ -76,9 +89,24 @@
       return 1;
   }
 
-  // This is a crude way to get the symbols in order.
   std::string name;
   uint64_t load_bias = elf.interface()->load_bias();
+  if (argc == 3) {
+    std::string cur_name;
+    uint64_t func_offset;
+    if (!elf.GetFunctionName(func_addr, &cur_name, &func_offset)) {
+      printf("No known function at 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", func_addr);
+      return 1;
+    }
+    printf("<0x%" PRIx64 ">", func_addr - func_offset);
+    if (func_offset != 0) {
+      printf("+%" PRId64, func_offset);
+    }
+    printf(": %s\n", cur_name.c_str());
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // This is a crude way to get the symbols in order.
   for (const auto& entry : elf.interface()->pt_loads()) {
     uint64_t start = entry.second.offset + load_bias;
     uint64_t end = entry.second.table_size + load_bias;
diff --git a/logd/LogAudit.cpp b/logd/LogAudit.cpp
index ee38d1c..cfcbaa5 100644
--- a/logd/LogAudit.cpp
+++ b/logd/LogAudit.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,11 @@
 #include <sys/uio.h>
 #include <syslog.h>
 
+#include <fstream>
+#include <sstream>
+
 #include <android-base/macros.h>
+#include <log/log_properties.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 #include <private/android_logger.h>
 
@@ -138,6 +142,71 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+static inline bool hasMetadata(char* str, int str_len) {
+    // need to check and see if str already contains bug metadata from
+    // possibility of stuttering if log audit crashes and then reloads kernel
+    // messages. Kernel denials that contain metadata will either end in
+    // "b/[0-9]+$" or "b/[0-9]+  duplicate messages suppressed$" which will put
+    // a '/' character at either 9 or 39 indices away from the end of the str.
+    return str_len >= 39 &&
+           (str[str_len - 9] == '/' || str[str_len - 39] == '/');
+}
+
+std::map<std::string, std::string> LogAudit::populateDenialMap() {
+    std::ifstream bug_file("/system/etc/selinux/selinux_denial_metadata");
+    std::string line;
+    // allocate a map for the static map pointer in logParse to keep track of,
+    // this function only runs once
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> denial_to_bug;
+    if (bug_file.good()) {
+        std::string scontext;
+        std::string tcontext;
+        std::string tclass;
+        std::string bug_num;
+        while (std::getline(bug_file, line)) {
+            std::stringstream split_line(line);
+            split_line >> scontext >> tcontext >> tclass >> bug_num;
+            denial_to_bug.emplace(scontext + tcontext + tclass, bug_num);
+        }
+    }
+    return denial_to_bug;
+}
+
+std::string LogAudit::denialParse(const std::string& denial, char terminator,
+                                  const std::string& search_term) {
+    size_t start_index = denial.find(search_term);
+    if (start_index != std::string::npos) {
+        start_index += search_term.length();
+        return denial.substr(
+            start_index, denial.find(terminator, start_index) - start_index);
+    }
+    return "";
+}
+
+void LogAudit::logParse(const std::string& string, std::string* bug_num) {
+    if (!__android_log_is_debuggable()) {
+        bug_num->assign("");
+        return;
+    }
+    static std::map<std::string, std::string> denial_to_bug =
+        populateDenialMap();
+    std::string scontext = denialParse(string, ':', "scontext=u:object_r:");
+    std::string tcontext = denialParse(string, ':', "tcontext=u:object_r:");
+    std::string tclass = denialParse(string, ' ', "tclass=");
+    if (scontext.empty()) {
+        scontext = denialParse(string, ':', "scontext=u:r:");
+    }
+    if (tcontext.empty()) {
+        tcontext = denialParse(string, ':', "tcontext=u:r:");
+    }
+    auto search = denial_to_bug.find(scontext + tcontext + tclass);
+    if (search != denial_to_bug.end()) {
+        bug_num->assign(" b/" + search->second);
+    } else {
+        bug_num->assign("");
+    }
+}
+
 int LogAudit::logPrint(const char* fmt, ...) {
     if (fmt == NULL) {
         return -EINVAL;
@@ -153,7 +222,6 @@
     if (rc < 0) {
         return rc;
     }
-
     char* cp;
     // Work around kernels missing
     // https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/b8f89caafeb55fba75b74bea25adc4e4cd91be67
@@ -165,10 +233,10 @@
     while ((cp = strstr(str, "  "))) {
         memmove(cp, cp + 1, strlen(cp + 1) + 1);
     }
-
     bool info = strstr(str, " permissive=1") || strstr(str, " policy loaded ");
+    static std::string bug_metadata;
     if ((fdDmesg >= 0) && initialized) {
-        struct iovec iov[3];
+        struct iovec iov[4];
         static const char log_info[] = { KMSG_PRIORITY(LOG_INFO) };
         static const char log_warning[] = { KMSG_PRIORITY(LOG_WARNING) };
         static const char newline[] = "\n";
@@ -197,19 +265,20 @@
             }
             if (!skip) {
                 static const char resume[] = " duplicate messages suppressed\n";
-
                 iov[0].iov_base = last_info ? const_cast<char*>(log_info)
                                             : const_cast<char*>(log_warning);
                 iov[0].iov_len =
                     last_info ? sizeof(log_info) : sizeof(log_warning);
                 iov[1].iov_base = last_str;
                 iov[1].iov_len = strlen(last_str);
+                iov[2].iov_base = const_cast<char*>(bug_metadata.c_str());
+                iov[2].iov_len = bug_metadata.length();
                 if (count > 1) {
-                    iov[2].iov_base = const_cast<char*>(resume);
-                    iov[2].iov_len = strlen(resume);
+                    iov[3].iov_base = const_cast<char*>(resume);
+                    iov[3].iov_len = strlen(resume);
                 } else {
-                    iov[2].iov_base = const_cast<char*>(newline);
-                    iov[2].iov_len = strlen(newline);
+                    iov[3].iov_base = const_cast<char*>(newline);
+                    iov[3].iov_len = strlen(newline);
                 }
 
                 writev(fdDmesg, iov, arraysize(iov));
@@ -223,13 +292,16 @@
             last_info = info;
         }
         if (count == 0) {
+            logParse(str, &bug_metadata);
             iov[0].iov_base = info ? const_cast<char*>(log_info)
                                    : const_cast<char*>(log_warning);
             iov[0].iov_len = info ? sizeof(log_info) : sizeof(log_warning);
             iov[1].iov_base = str;
             iov[1].iov_len = strlen(str);
-            iov[2].iov_base = const_cast<char*>(newline);
-            iov[2].iov_len = strlen(newline);
+            iov[2].iov_base = const_cast<char*>(bug_metadata.c_str());
+            iov[2].iov_len = bug_metadata.length();
+            iov[3].iov_base = const_cast<char*>(newline);
+            iov[3].iov_len = strlen(newline);
 
             writev(fdDmesg, iov, arraysize(iov));
         }
@@ -285,24 +357,32 @@
 
     // log to events
 
-    size_t l = strnlen(str, LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD);
-    size_t n = l + sizeof(android_log_event_string_t);
+    size_t str_len = strnlen(str, LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD);
+    if (((fdDmesg < 0) || !initialized) && !hasMetadata(str, str_len))
+        logParse(str, &bug_metadata);
+    str_len = (str_len + bug_metadata.length() <= LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD)
+                  ? str_len + bug_metadata.length()
+                  : LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD;
+    size_t message_len = str_len + sizeof(android_log_event_string_t);
 
     bool notify = false;
 
     if (events) {  // begin scope for event buffer
-        uint32_t buffer[(n + sizeof(uint32_t) - 1) / sizeof(uint32_t)];
+        uint32_t buffer[(message_len + sizeof(uint32_t) - 1) / sizeof(uint32_t)];
 
         android_log_event_string_t* event =
             reinterpret_cast<android_log_event_string_t*>(buffer);
         event->header.tag = htole32(AUDITD_LOG_TAG);
         event->type = EVENT_TYPE_STRING;
-        event->length = htole32(l);
-        memcpy(event->data, str, l);
+        event->length = htole32(message_len);
+        memcpy(event->data, str, str_len - bug_metadata.length());
+        memcpy(event->data + str_len - bug_metadata.length(),
+               bug_metadata.c_str(), bug_metadata.length());
 
-        rc = logbuf->log(LOG_ID_EVENTS, now, uid, pid, tid,
-                         reinterpret_cast<char*>(event),
-                         (n <= USHRT_MAX) ? (unsigned short)n : USHRT_MAX);
+        rc = logbuf->log(
+            LOG_ID_EVENTS, now, uid, pid, tid, reinterpret_cast<char*>(event),
+            (message_len <= USHRT_MAX) ? (unsigned short)message_len
+                                       : USHRT_MAX);
         if (rc >= 0) {
             notify = true;
         }
@@ -333,28 +413,31 @@
     const char* ecomm = strchr(comm, '"');
     if (ecomm) {
         ++ecomm;
-        l = ecomm - comm;
+        str_len = ecomm - comm;
     } else {
-        l = strlen(comm) + 1;
+        str_len = strlen(comm) + 1;
         ecomm = "";
     }
-    size_t b = estr - str;
-    if (b > LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD) {
-        b = LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD;
+    size_t prefix_len = estr - str;
+    if (prefix_len > LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD) {
+        prefix_len = LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD;
     }
-    size_t e = strnlen(ecomm, LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD - b);
-    n = b + e + l + 2;
+    size_t suffix_len = strnlen(ecomm, LOGGER_ENTRY_MAX_PAYLOAD - prefix_len);
+    message_len = str_len + prefix_len + suffix_len + bug_metadata.length() + 2;
 
     if (main) {  // begin scope for main buffer
-        char newstr[n];
+        char newstr[message_len];
 
         *newstr = info ? ANDROID_LOG_INFO : ANDROID_LOG_WARN;
-        strlcpy(newstr + 1, comm, l);
-        strncpy(newstr + 1 + l, str, b);
-        strncpy(newstr + 1 + l + b, ecomm, e);
+        strlcpy(newstr + 1, comm, str_len);
+        strncpy(newstr + 1 + str_len, str, prefix_len);
+        strncpy(newstr + 1 + str_len + prefix_len, ecomm, suffix_len);
+        strncpy(newstr + 1 + str_len + prefix_len + suffix_len,
+                bug_metadata.c_str(), bug_metadata.length());
 
         rc = logbuf->log(LOG_ID_MAIN, now, uid, pid, tid, newstr,
-                         (n <= USHRT_MAX) ? (unsigned short)n : USHRT_MAX);
+                         (message_len <= USHRT_MAX) ? (unsigned short)message_len
+                                                    : USHRT_MAX);
 
         if (rc >= 0) {
             notify = true;
@@ -368,7 +451,7 @@
     if (notify) {
         reader->notifyNewLog();
         if (rc < 0) {
-            rc = n;
+            rc = message_len;
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/logd/LogAudit.h b/logd/LogAudit.h
index 5947819..2bd02d4 100644
--- a/logd/LogAudit.h
+++ b/logd/LogAudit.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #ifndef _LOGD_LOG_AUDIT_H__
 #define _LOGD_LOG_AUDIT_H__
 
+#include <map>
 #include <queue>
 
 #include <sysutils/SocketListener.h>
@@ -50,6 +51,10 @@
 
    private:
     static int getLogSocket();
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> populateDenialMap();
+    std::string denialParse(const std::string& denial, char terminator,
+                            const std::string& search_term);
+    void logParse(const std::string& string, std::string* bug_num);
     int logPrint(const char* fmt, ...)
         __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, 2, 3)));
 };
diff --git a/logd/tests/logd_test.cpp b/logd/tests/logd_test.cpp
index 4397b14..8ee5ea1 100644
--- a/logd/tests/logd_test.cpp
+++ b/logd/tests/logd_test.cpp
@@ -646,16 +646,20 @@
                 recv(fd, msg_timeout.buf, sizeof(msg_timeout), 0) > 0;
         }
 
-        alarm_timeout =
-            alarm((old_alarm <= 0) ? old_alarm
-                                   : (old_alarm > (1 + 3 - alarm_wrap))
-                                         ? old_alarm - 3 + alarm_wrap
-                                         : 2);
+        if (old_alarm > 0) {
+            unsigned int time_spent = 3 - alarm_wrap;
+            if (old_alarm > time_spent + 1) {
+                old_alarm -= time_spent;
+            } else {
+                old_alarm = 2;
+            }
+        }
+        alarm_timeout = alarm(old_alarm);
         sigaction(SIGALRM, &old_sigaction, nullptr);
 
         close(fd);
 
-        if (!content_wrap && !alarm_wrap && content_timeout && alarm_timeout) {
+        if (content_wrap && alarm_wrap && content_timeout && alarm_timeout) {
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -710,8 +714,8 @@
     // A few tries to get it right just in case wrap kicks in due to
     // content providers being active during the test.
     int i = 5;
-    log_time now(android_log_clockid());
-    now.tv_sec -= 30;  // reach back a moderate period of time
+    log_time start(android_log_clockid());
+    start.tv_sec -= 30;  // reach back a moderate period of time
 
     while (--i) {
         int fd = socket_local_client("logdr", ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_RESERVED,
@@ -726,7 +730,7 @@
         std::string ask = android::base::StringPrintf(
             "dumpAndClose lids=0,1,2,3,4,5 timeout=6 start=%" PRIu32
             ".%09" PRIu32,
-            now.tv_sec, now.tv_nsec);
+            start.tv_sec, start.tv_nsec);
 
         struct sigaction ignore, old_sigaction;
         memset(&ignore, 0, sizeof(ignore));
@@ -756,11 +760,15 @@
                 recv(fd, msg_timeout.buf, sizeof(msg_timeout), 0) > 0;
         }
 
-        alarm_timeout =
-            alarm((old_alarm <= 0) ? old_alarm
-                                   : (old_alarm > (1 + 3 - alarm_wrap))
-                                         ? old_alarm - 3 + alarm_wrap
-                                         : 2);
+        if (old_alarm > 0) {
+            unsigned int time_spent = 3 - alarm_wrap;
+            if (old_alarm > time_spent + 1) {
+                old_alarm -= time_spent;
+            } else {
+                old_alarm = 2;
+            }
+        }
+        alarm_timeout = alarm(old_alarm);
         sigaction(SIGALRM, &old_sigaction, nullptr);
 
         close(fd);
@@ -773,23 +781,23 @@
         // active _or_ inactive during the test.
         if (content_timeout) {
             log_time msg(msg_timeout.entry.sec, msg_timeout.entry.nsec);
-            if (msg < now) {
+            if (msg < start) {
                 fprintf(stderr, "%u.%09u < %u.%09u\n", msg_timeout.entry.sec,
-                        msg_timeout.entry.nsec, (unsigned)now.tv_sec,
-                        (unsigned)now.tv_nsec);
+                        msg_timeout.entry.nsec, (unsigned)start.tv_sec,
+                        (unsigned)start.tv_nsec);
                 _exit(-1);
             }
-            if (msg > now) {
-                now = msg;
-                now.tv_sec += 30;
-                msg = log_time(android_log_clockid());
-                if (now > msg) {
-                    now = msg;
-                    --now.tv_sec;
+            if (msg > start) {
+                start = msg;
+                start.tv_sec += 30;
+                log_time now = log_time(android_log_clockid());
+                if (start > now) {
+                    start = now;
+                    --start.tv_sec;
                 }
             }
         } else {
-            now.tv_sec -= 120;  // inactive, reach further back!
+            start.tv_sec -= 120;  // inactive, reach further back!
         }
     }
 
@@ -802,8 +810,8 @@
     }
 
     if (content_wrap || !content_timeout) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "now=%" PRIu32 ".%09" PRIu32 "\n", now.tv_sec,
-                now.tv_nsec);
+        fprintf(stderr, "start=%" PRIu32 ".%09" PRIu32 "\n", start.tv_sec,
+                start.tv_nsec);
     }
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(written);
diff --git a/rootdir/init.rc b/rootdir/init.rc
index 4c2eb52..fb1fbd4 100644
--- a/rootdir/init.rc
+++ b/rootdir/init.rc
@@ -238,7 +238,10 @@
     export DOWNLOAD_CACHE /data/cache
 
     # set RLIMIT_NICE to allow priorities from 19 to -20
-    setrlimit 13 40 40
+    setrlimit nice 40 40
+
+    # Allow up to 32K FDs per process
+    setrlimit nofile 32768 32768
 
     # This allows the ledtrig-transient properties to be created here so
     # that they can be chown'd to system:system later on boot
@@ -430,7 +433,6 @@
     mkdir /data/misc/boottrace 0771 system shell
     mkdir /data/misc/update_engine 0700 root root
     mkdir /data/misc/trace 0700 root root
-    mkdir /data/misc/reboot 0700 system system
     # profile file layout
     mkdir /data/misc/profiles 0771 system system
     mkdir /data/misc/profiles/cur 0771 system system
diff --git a/rootdir/init.usb.rc b/rootdir/init.usb.rc
index 915d159..3168f40 100644
--- a/rootdir/init.usb.rc
+++ b/rootdir/init.usb.rc
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
     mkdir /data/adb 0700 root root
 
 # adbd is controlled via property triggers in init.<platform>.usb.rc
-service adbd /sbin/adbd --root_seclabel=u:r:su:s0
+service adbd /system/bin/adbd --root_seclabel=u:r:su:s0
     class core
     socket adbd stream 660 system system
     disabled
diff --git a/sdcard/sdcard.cpp b/sdcard/sdcard.cpp
index c342cf8..343a903 100644
--- a/sdcard/sdcard.cpp
+++ b/sdcard/sdcard.cpp
@@ -249,7 +249,9 @@
     global.root.uid = AID_ROOT;
     global.root.under_android = false;
 
-    strcpy(global.source_path, source_path);
+    // Clang static analyzer think strcpy potentially overwrites other fields
+    // in global. Use snprintf() to mute the false warning.
+    snprintf(global.source_path, sizeof(global.source_path), "%s", source_path);
 
     if (multi_user) {
         global.root.perm = PERM_PRE_ROOT;
diff --git a/trusty/keymaster/trusty_keymaster_ipc.cpp b/trusty/keymaster/trusty_keymaster_ipc.cpp
index 54b251e..fbd0eb3 100644
--- a/trusty/keymaster/trusty_keymaster_ipc.cpp
+++ b/trusty/keymaster/trusty_keymaster_ipc.cpp
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <sys/uio.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>