diff --git a/libunwindstack/Android.bp b/libunwindstack/Android.bp
index 621d14c..8776db7 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Android.bp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Android.bp
@@ -76,17 +76,6 @@
     defaults: ["libunwindstack_common"],
 }
 
-cc_library {
-    name: "libunwindstack_debug",
-    defaults: ["libunwindstack_common"],
-
-    cflags: [
-        "-UNDEBUG",
-        "-O0",
-        "-g",
-    ],
-}
-
 //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Unit Tests
 //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -160,21 +149,6 @@
     ],
 }
 
-// These unit tests run against the static debug library.
-cc_test {
-    name: "libunwindstack_test_debug",
-    defaults: ["libunwindstack_test_common"],
-
-    static_libs: [
-        "libunwindstack_debug",
-    ],
-
-    data: [
-        "tests/elf32.xz",
-        "tests/elf64.xz",
-    ],
-}
-
 //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Utility Executables
 //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/libunwindstack/ArmExidx.cpp b/libunwindstack/ArmExidx.cpp
index 12adf57..5c7caca 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/ArmExidx.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/ArmExidx.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <assert.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 
 #include <deque>
@@ -23,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 
 #include "ArmExidx.h"
+#include "Check.h"
 #include "Log.h"
 #include "Machine.h"
 #include "Memory.h"
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
 }
 
 inline bool ArmExidx::DecodePrefix_10_00(uint8_t byte) {
-  assert((byte >> 4) == 0x8);
+  CHECK((byte >> 4) == 0x8);
 
   uint16_t registers = (byte & 0xf) << 8;
   if (!GetByte(&byte)) {
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@
 }
 
 inline bool ArmExidx::DecodePrefix_10_01(uint8_t byte) {
-  assert((byte >> 4) == 0x9);
+  CHECK((byte >> 4) == 0x9);
 
   uint8_t bits = byte & 0xf;
   if (bits == 13 || bits == 15) {
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
 }
 
 inline bool ArmExidx::DecodePrefix_10_10(uint8_t byte) {
-  assert((byte >> 4) == 0xa);
+  CHECK((byte >> 4) == 0xa);
 
   // 10100nnn: Pop r4-r[4+nnn]
   // 10101nnn: Pop r4-r[4+nnn], r14
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@
 }
 
 inline bool ArmExidx::DecodePrefix_10_11_1nnn(uint8_t byte) {
-  assert((byte & ~0x07) == 0xb8);
+  CHECK((byte & ~0x07) == 0xb8);
 
   // 10111nnn: Pop VFP double-precision registers D[8]-D[8+nnn] by FSTMFDX
   if (log_) {
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@
 }
 
 inline bool ArmExidx::DecodePrefix_10(uint8_t byte) {
-  assert((byte >> 6) == 0x2);
+  CHECK((byte >> 6) == 0x2);
 
   switch ((byte >> 4) & 0x3) {
   case 0:
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@
 }
 
 inline bool ArmExidx::DecodePrefix_11_000(uint8_t byte) {
-  assert((byte & ~0x07) == 0xc0);
+  CHECK((byte & ~0x07) == 0xc0);
 
   uint8_t bits = byte & 0x7;
   if (bits == 6) {
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@
 }
 
 inline bool ArmExidx::DecodePrefix_11_001(uint8_t byte) {
-  assert((byte & ~0x07) == 0xc8);
+  CHECK((byte & ~0x07) == 0xc8);
 
   uint8_t bits = byte & 0x7;
   if (bits == 0) {
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@
 }
 
 inline bool ArmExidx::DecodePrefix_11_010(uint8_t byte) {
-  assert((byte & ~0x07) == 0xd0);
+  CHECK((byte & ~0x07) == 0xd0);
 
   // 11010nnn: Pop VFP double precision registers D[8]-D[8+nnn] by VPUSH
   if (log_) {
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@
 }
 
 inline bool ArmExidx::DecodePrefix_11(uint8_t byte) {
-  assert((byte >> 6) == 0x3);
+  CHECK((byte >> 6) == 0x3);
 
   switch ((byte >> 3) & 0x7) {
   case 0:
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Check.h b/libunwindstack/Check.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e0c48c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libunwindstack/Check.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _LIBUNWINDSTACK_ERROR_H
+#define _LIBUNWINDSTACK_ERROR_H
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include "Log.h"
+
+#define CHECK(assertion)                                   \
+  if (__builtin_expect(!(assertion), false)) {             \
+    log(0, "%s:%d: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, #assertion); \
+    abort();                                               \
+  }
+
+#endif  // _LIBUNWINDSTACK_ERROR_H
diff --git a/libunwindstack/DwarfEhFrame.cpp b/libunwindstack/DwarfEhFrame.cpp
index 045fb36..937b6bd 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/DwarfEhFrame.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/DwarfEhFrame.cpp
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <assert.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 
+#include "Check.h"
 #include "DwarfEhFrame.h"
 #include "DwarfMemory.h"
 #include "DwarfSection.h"
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@
 template <typename AddressType>
 bool DwarfEhFrame<AddressType>::GetFdeOffsetBinary(uint64_t pc, uint64_t* fde_offset,
                                                    uint64_t total_entries) {
-  assert(fde_count_ > 0);
-  assert(total_entries <= fde_count_);
+  CHECK(fde_count_ > 0);
+  CHECK(total_entries <= fde_count_);
 
   size_t first = 0;
   size_t last = total_entries;
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
 
 template <typename AddressType>
 bool DwarfEhFrame<AddressType>::GetFdeOffsetSequential(uint64_t pc, uint64_t* fde_offset) {
-  assert(fde_count_ != 0);
+  CHECK(fde_count_ != 0);
   last_error_ = DWARF_ERROR_NONE;
   // We can do a binary search if the pc is in the range of the elements
   // that have already been cached.
diff --git a/libunwindstack/DwarfMemory.cpp b/libunwindstack/DwarfMemory.cpp
index 11806ea..a984fc6 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/DwarfMemory.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/DwarfMemory.cpp
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <assert.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 
 #include <string>
 
+#include "Check.h"
 #include "DwarfEncoding.h"
 #include "DwarfMemory.h"
 #include "Memory.h"
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@
 }
 
 bool DwarfMemory::AdjustEncodedValue(uint8_t encoding, uint64_t* value) {
-  assert((encoding & 0x0f) == 0);
-  assert(encoding != DW_EH_PE_aligned);
+  CHECK((encoding & 0x0f) == 0);
+  CHECK(encoding != DW_EH_PE_aligned);
 
   // Handle the encoding.
   switch (encoding) {
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Memory.h b/libunwindstack/Memory.h
index f9f6d56..e353cab 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Memory.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/Memory.h
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 #ifndef _LIBUNWINDSTACK_MEMORY_H
 #define _LIBUNWINDSTACK_MEMORY_H
 
-#include <assert.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -25,6 +24,8 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "Check.h"
+
 class Memory {
  public:
   Memory() = default;
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@
  public:
   MemoryRange(Memory* memory, uint64_t begin, uint64_t end)
       : memory_(memory), begin_(begin), length_(end - begin) {
-    assert(end > begin);
+    CHECK(end > begin);
   }
   virtual ~MemoryRange() { delete memory_; }
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp b/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp
index e7d10b2..da22b07 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Regs.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <assert.h>
 #include <elf.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
@@ -22,6 +21,7 @@
 
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "Check.h"
 #include "Elf.h"
 #include "ElfInterface.h"
 #include "Machine.h"
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 bool RegsImpl<AddressType>::GetReturnAddressFromDefault(Memory* memory, uint64_t* value) {
   switch (return_loc_.type) {
   case LOCATION_REGISTER:
-    assert(return_loc_.value < total_regs_);
+    CHECK(return_loc_.value < total_regs_);
     *value = regs_[return_loc_.value];
     return true;
   case LOCATION_SP_OFFSET:
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Symbols.cpp b/libunwindstack/Symbols.cpp
index 86c1233..edc2187 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Symbols.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Symbols.cpp
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <assert.h>
 #include <elf.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 
 #include <string>
 
+#include "Check.h"
 #include "Memory.h"
 #include "Symbols.h"
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
   if (symbols_.size() != 0) {
     const Info* info = GetInfoFromCache(addr);
     if (info) {
-      assert(addr >= info->start_offset && addr <= info->end_offset);
+      CHECK(addr >= info->start_offset && addr <= info->end_offset);
       *func_offset = addr - info->start_offset;
       return elf_memory->ReadString(info->str_offset, name, str_end_ - info->str_offset);
     }