diff --git a/debuggerd/Android.bp b/debuggerd/Android.bp
index 0cf3378..2e226da 100644
--- a/debuggerd/Android.bp
+++ b/debuggerd/Android.bp
@@ -183,6 +183,12 @@
             ],
         },
     },
+
+    product_variables: {
+        debuggable: {
+            cflags: ["-DROOT_POSSIBLE"],
+        },
+    },
 }
 
 cc_test {
diff --git a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/backtrace.cpp b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/backtrace.cpp
index 94fcfb2..c606970 100644
--- a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/backtrace.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/backtrace.cpp
@@ -74,10 +74,7 @@
     return;
   }
 
-  unwinder->SetDisplayBuildID(true);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < unwinder->NumFrames(); i++) {
-    _LOG(&log, logtype::BACKTRACE, "  %s\n", unwinder->FormatFrame(i).c_str());
-  }
+  log_backtrace(&log, unwinder, "  ");
 }
 
 void dump_backtrace(android::base::unique_fd output_fd, unwindstack::Unwinder* unwinder,
diff --git a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/include/libdebuggerd/utility.h b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/include/libdebuggerd/utility.h
index 238c00c..f189c45 100644
--- a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/include/libdebuggerd/utility.h
+++ b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/include/libdebuggerd/utility.h
@@ -73,9 +73,12 @@
 void _LOG(log_t* log, logtype ltype, const char* fmt, ...) __attribute__((format(printf, 3, 4)));
 
 namespace unwindstack {
+class Unwinder;
 class Memory;
 }
 
+void log_backtrace(log_t* log, unwindstack::Unwinder* unwinder, const char* prefix);
+
 void dump_memory(log_t* log, unwindstack::Memory* backtrace, uint64_t addr, const std::string&);
 
 void read_with_default(const char* path, char* buf, size_t len, const char* default_value);
diff --git a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp
index cc337ed..d1726cd 100644
--- a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone.cpp
@@ -371,13 +371,6 @@
   }
 }
 
-void dump_backtrace(log_t* log, unwindstack::Unwinder* unwinder, const char* prefix) {
-  unwinder->SetDisplayBuildID(true);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < unwinder->NumFrames(); i++) {
-    _LOG(log, logtype::BACKTRACE, "%s%s\n", prefix, unwinder->FormatFrame(i).c_str());
-  }
-}
-
 static void print_register_row(log_t* log,
                                const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, uint64_t>>& registers) {
   std::string output;
@@ -470,7 +463,7 @@
     _LOG(log, logtype::THREAD, "Failed to unwind");
   } else {
     _LOG(log, logtype::BACKTRACE, "\nbacktrace:\n");
-    dump_backtrace(log, unwinder, "    ");
+    log_backtrace(log, unwinder, "    ");
 
     _LOG(log, logtype::STACK, "\nstack:\n");
     dump_stack(log, unwinder->frames(), unwinder->GetMaps(), unwinder->GetProcessMemory().get());
diff --git a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/utility.cpp b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/utility.cpp
index 7aebea8..9b2779a 100644
--- a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/utility.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/utility.cpp
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include <debuggerd/handler.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <unwindstack/Memory.h>
+#include <unwindstack/Unwinder.h>
 
 using android::base::unique_fd;
 
@@ -422,3 +423,22 @@
   // Then give up...
   return "?";
 }
+
+void log_backtrace(log_t* log, unwindstack::Unwinder* unwinder, const char* prefix) {
+  if (unwinder->elf_from_memory_not_file()) {
+    _LOG(log, logtype::BACKTRACE,
+         "%sNOTE: Function names and BuildId information is missing for some frames due\n", prefix);
+    _LOG(log, logtype::BACKTRACE,
+         "%sNOTE: to unreadable libraries. For unwinds of apps, only shared libraries\n", prefix);
+    _LOG(log, logtype::BACKTRACE, "%sNOTE: found under the lib/ directory are readable.\n", prefix);
+#if defined(ROOT_POSSIBLE)
+    _LOG(log, logtype::BACKTRACE,
+         "%sNOTE: On this device, run setenforce 0 to make the libraries readable.\n", prefix);
+#endif
+  }
+
+  unwinder->SetDisplayBuildID(true);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < unwinder->NumFrames(); i++) {
+    _LOG(log, logtype::BACKTRACE, "%s%s\n", prefix, unwinder->FormatFrame(i).c_str());
+  }
+}
diff --git a/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp b/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp
index 28373b2..03658b4 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/MapInfo.cpp
@@ -161,6 +161,7 @@
   // option is used.
   std::unique_ptr<MemoryRange> memory(new MemoryRange(process_memory, start, end - start, 0));
   if (Elf::IsValidElf(memory.get())) {
+    memory_backed_elf = true;
     return memory.release();
   }
 
@@ -184,6 +185,7 @@
       new MemoryRange(process_memory, prev_map->start, prev_map->end - prev_map->start, 0));
   ranges->Insert(new MemoryRange(process_memory, start, end - start, elf_offset));
 
+  memory_backed_elf = true;
   return ranges;
 }
 
@@ -237,6 +239,7 @@
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(prev_map->mutex_);
     if (prev_map->elf.get() == nullptr) {
       prev_map->elf = elf;
+      prev_map->memory_backed_elf = memory_backed_elf;
     }
   }
   return elf.get();
diff --git a/libunwindstack/Unwinder.cpp b/libunwindstack/Unwinder.cpp
index f3d2b5e..26626b5 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/Unwinder.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/Unwinder.cpp
@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@
   frames_.clear();
   last_error_.code = ERROR_NONE;
   last_error_.address = 0;
+  elf_from_memory_not_file_ = false;
 
   ArchEnum arch = regs_->Arch();
 
@@ -164,6 +165,12 @@
         break;
       }
       elf = map_info->GetElf(process_memory_, arch);
+      // If this elf is memory backed, and there is a valid file, then set
+      // an indicator that we couldn't open the file.
+      if (!elf_from_memory_not_file_ && map_info->memory_backed_elf && !map_info->name.empty() &&
+          map_info->name[0] != '[') {
+        elf_from_memory_not_file_ = true;
+      }
       step_pc = regs_->pc();
       rel_pc = elf->GetRelPc(step_pc, map_info);
       // Everyone except elf data in gdb jit debug maps uses the relative pc.
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h
index e938986..025fd98 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/MapInfo.h
@@ -75,6 +75,9 @@
   // make it easier to move to a fine grained lock in the future.
   std::atomic_uintptr_t build_id;
 
+  // Set to true if the elf file data is coming from memory.
+  bool memory_backed_elf = false;
+
   // This function guarantees it will never return nullptr.
   Elf* GetElf(const std::shared_ptr<Memory>& process_memory, ArchEnum expected_arch);
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Unwinder.h b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Unwinder.h
index 75be209..52b3578 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Unwinder.h
+++ b/libunwindstack/include/unwindstack/Unwinder.h
@@ -111,6 +111,8 @@
   void SetDexFiles(DexFiles* dex_files, ArchEnum arch);
 #endif
 
+  bool elf_from_memory_not_file() { return elf_from_memory_not_file_; }
+
   ErrorCode LastErrorCode() { return last_error_.code; }
   uint64_t LastErrorAddress() { return last_error_.address; }
 
@@ -132,6 +134,9 @@
   bool resolve_names_ = true;
   bool embedded_soname_ = true;
   bool display_build_id_ = false;
+  // True if at least one elf file is coming from memory and not the related
+  // file. This is only true if there is an actual file backing up the elf.
+  bool elf_from_memory_not_file_ = false;
   ErrorData last_error_;
 };
 
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp
index 2ddadef..6be8bdc 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/MapInfoCreateMemoryTest.cpp
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@
   info.end = 0x101;
   memory.reset(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(info.memory_backed_elf);
 }
 
 // Verify that if the offset is non-zero but there is no elf at the offset,
@@ -117,6 +118,7 @@
 
   std::unique_ptr<Memory> memory(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(info.memory_backed_elf);
   ASSERT_EQ(0x100U, info.elf_offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x100U, info.elf_start_offset);
 
@@ -140,32 +142,40 @@
   // offset to zero.
   info.elf_offset = 0;
   info.elf_start_offset = 0;
+  info.memory_backed_elf = false;
   memory.reset(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(info.memory_backed_elf);
   ASSERT_EQ(0x100U, info.elf_offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x100U, info.elf_start_offset);
 
   prev_info.offset = 0;
   info.elf_offset = 0;
   info.elf_start_offset = 0;
+  info.memory_backed_elf = false;
   memory.reset(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(info.memory_backed_elf);
   ASSERT_EQ(0x100U, info.elf_offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x100U, info.elf_start_offset);
 
   prev_info.flags = PROT_READ;
   info.elf_offset = 0;
   info.elf_start_offset = 0;
+  info.memory_backed_elf = false;
   memory.reset(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(info.memory_backed_elf);
   ASSERT_EQ(0x100U, info.elf_offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x100U, info.elf_start_offset);
 
   prev_info.name = info.name;
   info.elf_offset = 0;
   info.elf_start_offset = 0;
+  info.memory_backed_elf = false;
   memory.reset(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(info.memory_backed_elf);
   ASSERT_EQ(0x100U, info.elf_offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0U, info.elf_start_offset);
 }
@@ -177,6 +187,7 @@
 
   std::unique_ptr<Memory> memory(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(info.memory_backed_elf);
   ASSERT_EQ(0U, info.elf_offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x1000U, info.elf_start_offset);
 
@@ -201,6 +212,7 @@
 
   std::unique_ptr<Memory> memory(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(info.memory_backed_elf);
   ASSERT_EQ(0U, info.elf_offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x1000U, info.elf_start_offset);
 
@@ -218,6 +230,7 @@
 
   std::unique_ptr<Memory> memory(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(info.memory_backed_elf);
   ASSERT_EQ(0U, info.elf_offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x2000U, info.elf_start_offset);
 
@@ -259,6 +272,7 @@
 
   std::unique_ptr<Memory> memory(info.CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(info.memory_backed_elf);
 
   memset(buffer.data(), 0, buffer.size());
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory->ReadFully(0, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
@@ -290,6 +304,7 @@
 
   std::unique_ptr<Memory> mem(map_info->CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(mem.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(map_info->memory_backed_elf);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x4000UL, map_info->elf_offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x4000UL, map_info->offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0U, map_info->elf_start_offset);
@@ -336,6 +351,7 @@
 
   std::unique_ptr<Memory> mem(map_info->CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(mem.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(map_info->memory_backed_elf);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x1000UL, map_info->elf_offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0xb000UL, map_info->offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0xa000UL, map_info->elf_start_offset);
@@ -374,6 +390,7 @@
   // extend over the executable segment.
   std::unique_ptr<Memory> memory(map_info->CreateMemory(process_memory_));
   ASSERT_TRUE(memory.get() != nullptr);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(map_info->memory_backed_elf);
   std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(0x100);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x2000U, map_info->offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0U, map_info->elf_offset);
@@ -388,7 +405,9 @@
   ASSERT_EQ(0x1000, lseek(elf_at_1000_.fd, 0x1000, SEEK_SET));
   ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::WriteFully(elf_at_1000_.fd, &ehdr, sizeof(ehdr)));
 
+  map_info->memory_backed_elf = false;
   memory.reset(map_info->CreateMemory(process_memory_));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(map_info->memory_backed_elf);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x2000U, map_info->offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x1000U, map_info->elf_offset);
   EXPECT_EQ(0x1000U, map_info->elf_start_offset);
diff --git a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwinderTest.cpp b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwinderTest.cpp
index 48e038e..f635021 100644
--- a/libunwindstack/tests/UnwinderTest.cpp
+++ b/libunwindstack/tests/UnwinderTest.cpp
@@ -108,6 +108,24 @@
     const auto& info2 = *--maps_->end();
     info2->elf_offset = 0x8000;
 
+    elf = new ElfFake(new MemoryFake);
+    elf->FakeSetInterface(new ElfInterfaceFake(nullptr));
+    AddMapInfo(0xc0000, 0xc1000, 0, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, "/fake/unreadable.so", elf);
+    const auto& info3 = *--maps_->end();
+    info3->memory_backed_elf = true;
+
+    elf = new ElfFake(new MemoryFake);
+    elf->FakeSetInterface(new ElfInterfaceFake(nullptr));
+    AddMapInfo(0xc1000, 0xc2000, 0, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, "[vdso]", elf);
+    const auto& info4 = *--maps_->end();
+    info4->memory_backed_elf = true;
+
+    elf = new ElfFake(new MemoryFake);
+    elf->FakeSetInterface(new ElfInterfaceFake(nullptr));
+    AddMapInfo(0xc2000, 0xc3000, 0, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, "", elf);
+    const auto& info5 = *--maps_->end();
+    info5->memory_backed_elf = true;
+
     process_memory_.reset(new MemoryFake);
   }
 
@@ -140,6 +158,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(3U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -204,6 +223,7 @@
   unwinder.SetResolveNames(false);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(3U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -263,6 +283,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -292,6 +313,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -321,6 +343,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -351,6 +374,7 @@
   unwinder.SetEmbeddedSoname(false);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -387,6 +411,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -419,6 +444,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(20, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_MAX_FRAMES_EXCEEDED, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(20U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -461,6 +487,7 @@
   std::vector<std::string> skip_libs{"libunwind.so", "libanother.so"};
   unwinder.Unwind(&skip_libs);
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(3U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -522,6 +549,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(2U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -569,6 +597,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 }
@@ -588,6 +617,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 }
@@ -602,6 +632,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_INVALID_MAP, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -638,6 +669,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(3U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -703,6 +735,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_INVALID_MAP, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(2U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -752,6 +785,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(2U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -799,6 +833,7 @@
   std::vector<std::string> skip_names{"libanother.so"};
   unwinder.Unwind(&skip_names);
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(0U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 }
@@ -821,6 +856,7 @@
   std::vector<std::string> suffixes{"oat"};
   unwinder.Unwind(nullptr, &suffixes);
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(2U, unwinder.NumFrames());
   // Make sure the elf was not initialized.
@@ -879,6 +915,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_REPEATED_FRAME, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(3U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -937,6 +974,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(2U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -980,6 +1018,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(2U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -1026,6 +1065,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(3U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -1084,6 +1124,7 @@
   Unwinder unwinder(1, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
   unwinder.Unwind();
   EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_MAX_FRAMES_EXCEEDED, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
 
   ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
 
@@ -1103,6 +1144,96 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, frame->map_flags);
 }
 
+TEST_F(UnwinderTest, elf_from_memory_not_file) {
+  ElfInterfaceFake::FakePushFunctionData(FunctionData("Frame0", 0));
+
+  regs_.set_pc(0xc0050);
+  regs_.set_sp(0x10000);
+  ElfInterfaceFake::FakePushStepData(StepData(0, 0, true));
+
+  Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
+  unwinder.Unwind();
+  EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
+
+  auto* frame = &unwinder.frames()[0];
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->num);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x50U, frame->rel_pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xc0050U, frame->pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x10000U, frame->sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ("Frame0", frame->function_name);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->function_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ("/fake/unreadable.so", frame->map_name);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->map_elf_start_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->map_exact_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xc0000U, frame->map_start);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xc1000U, frame->map_end);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->map_load_bias);
+  EXPECT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, frame->map_flags);
+}
+
+TEST_F(UnwinderTest, elf_from_memory_but_no_valid_file_with_bracket) {
+  ElfInterfaceFake::FakePushFunctionData(FunctionData("Frame0", 0));
+
+  regs_.set_pc(0xc1050);
+  regs_.set_sp(0x10000);
+  ElfInterfaceFake::FakePushStepData(StepData(0, 0, true));
+
+  Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
+  unwinder.Unwind();
+  EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
+
+  auto* frame = &unwinder.frames()[0];
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->num);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x50U, frame->rel_pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xc1050U, frame->pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x10000U, frame->sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ("Frame0", frame->function_name);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->function_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ("[vdso]", frame->map_name);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->map_elf_start_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->map_exact_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xc1000U, frame->map_start);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xc2000U, frame->map_end);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->map_load_bias);
+  EXPECT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, frame->map_flags);
+}
+
+TEST_F(UnwinderTest, elf_from_memory_but_empty_filename) {
+  ElfInterfaceFake::FakePushFunctionData(FunctionData("Frame0", 0));
+
+  regs_.set_pc(0xc2050);
+  regs_.set_sp(0x10000);
+  ElfInterfaceFake::FakePushStepData(StepData(0, 0, true));
+
+  Unwinder unwinder(64, maps_.get(), &regs_, process_memory_);
+  unwinder.Unwind();
+  EXPECT_EQ(ERROR_NONE, unwinder.LastErrorCode());
+  EXPECT_FALSE(unwinder.elf_from_memory_not_file());
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1U, unwinder.NumFrames());
+
+  auto* frame = &unwinder.frames()[0];
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->num);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x50U, frame->rel_pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xc2050U, frame->pc);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0x10000U, frame->sp);
+  EXPECT_EQ("Frame0", frame->function_name);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->function_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ("", frame->map_name);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->map_elf_start_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->map_exact_offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xc2000U, frame->map_start);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0xc3000U, frame->map_end);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0U, frame->map_load_bias);
+  EXPECT_EQ(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC, frame->map_flags);
+}
+
 // Verify format frame code.
 TEST_F(UnwinderTest, format_frame) {
   RegsFake regs_arm(10);