libmeminfo: Add libmeminfo to gather global and per-process memory stats

The library is expected to be a unified place for all components to read
both global and per-process memory accounting form kernel including
getting the working set. This change adds the PageInfo, MemInfo and
ProcMemInfo classes and verifies the implementation against libpagemap
for correctness.

Adds a procmem2 tool show the usage.

TODO: Plumbing in os_debug, add vmastats, zoneinfo etc parsing.

Test: libmeminfo_test 1
Test: procmem2 1
Test: procmem2 -h -W 1
Test: procmem2 -h -w 1
Test: libmeminfo_benchmark
Bug: 111694435
Bug: 114325007

Change-Id: I280440b1dc26a498170686d10fcf63f953a0dcbd
Signed-off-by: Sandeep Patil <sspatil@google.com>
diff --git a/libmeminfo/procmeminfo.cpp b/libmeminfo/procmeminfo.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe91d25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libmeminfo/procmeminfo.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <linux/kernel-page-flags.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <procinfo/process_map.h>
+
+#include "meminfo_private.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace meminfo {
+
+static void add_mem_usage(MemUsage* to, const MemUsage& from) {
+    to->vss += from.vss;
+    to->rss += from.rss;
+    to->pss += from.pss;
+    to->uss += from.uss;
+
+    to->private_clean += from.private_clean;
+    to->private_dirty += from.private_dirty;
+
+    to->shared_clean += from.shared_clean;
+    to->shared_dirty += from.shared_dirty;
+}
+
+ProcMemInfo::ProcMemInfo(pid_t pid, bool get_wss) : pid_(pid), get_wss_(get_wss) {
+    if (!ReadMaps(get_wss_)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read maps for Process " << pid_;
+    }
+}
+
+const std::vector<Vma>& ProcMemInfo::Maps() {
+    return maps_;
+}
+
+const MemUsage& ProcMemInfo::Usage() {
+    if (get_wss_) {
+        LOG(WARNING) << "Trying to read memory usage from working set object";
+    }
+    return usage_;
+}
+
+const MemUsage& ProcMemInfo::Wss() {
+    if (!get_wss_) {
+        LOG(WARNING) << "Trying to read working set when there is none";
+    }
+
+    return wss_;
+}
+
+bool ProcMemInfo::WssReset() {
+    if (!get_wss_) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Trying to reset working set from a memory usage counting object";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::string clear_refs_path = ::android::base::StringPrintf("/proc/%d/clear_refs", pid_);
+    if (!::android::base::WriteStringToFile("1\n", clear_refs_path)) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to write to " << clear_refs_path;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    wss_.clear();
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ProcMemInfo::ReadMaps(bool get_wss) {
+    // parse and read /proc/<pid>/maps
+    std::string maps_file = ::android::base::StringPrintf("/proc/%d/maps", pid_);
+    if (!::android::procinfo::ReadMapFile(
+                maps_file, [&](uint64_t start, uint64_t end, uint16_t flags, uint64_t pgoff,
+                               const char* name) {
+                    maps_.emplace_back(Vma(start, end, pgoff, flags, name));
+                })) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to parse " << maps_file;
+        maps_.clear();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::string pagemap_file = ::android::base::StringPrintf("/proc/%d/pagemap", pid_);
+    ::android::base::unique_fd pagemap_fd(
+            TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(pagemap_file.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC)));
+    if (pagemap_fd < 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open " << pagemap_file;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    for (auto& vma : maps_) {
+        if (!ReadVmaStats(pagemap_fd.get(), vma, get_wss)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read page map for vma " << vma.name << "[" << vma.start
+                       << "-" << vma.end << "]";
+            maps_.clear();
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (get_wss) {
+            add_mem_usage(&wss_, vma.wss);
+        } else {
+            add_mem_usage(&usage_, vma.usage);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ProcMemInfo::ReadVmaStats(int pagemap_fd, Vma& vma, bool get_wss) {
+    PageAcct& pinfo = PageAcct::Instance();
+    uint64_t pagesz = getpagesize();
+    uint64_t num_pages = (vma.end - vma.start) / pagesz;
+
+    std::unique_ptr<uint64_t[]> pg_frames(new uint64_t[num_pages]);
+    uint64_t first = vma.start / pagesz;
+    if (pread64(pagemap_fd, pg_frames.get(), num_pages * sizeof(uint64_t),
+                first * sizeof(uint64_t)) < 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read page frames from page map for pid: " << pid_;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<uint64_t[]> pg_flags(new uint64_t[num_pages]);
+    std::unique_ptr<uint64_t[]> pg_counts(new uint64_t[num_pages]);
+    for (uint64_t i = 0; i < num_pages; ++i) {
+        if (!get_wss) {
+            vma.usage.vss += pagesz;
+        }
+        uint64_t p = pg_frames[i];
+        if (!PAGE_PRESENT(p) && !PAGE_SWAPPED(p)) continue;
+
+        if (PAGE_SWAPPED(p)) {
+            // TODO: do what's needed for swapped pages
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        uint64_t page_frame = PAGE_PFN(p);
+        if (!pinfo.PageFlags(page_frame, &pg_flags[i])) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to get page flags for " << page_frame << " in process " << pid_;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (!pinfo.PageMapCount(page_frame, &pg_counts[i])) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to get page count for " << page_frame << " in process " << pid_;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Page was unmapped between the presence check at the beginning of the loop and here.
+        if (pg_counts[i] == 0) {
+            pg_frames[i] = 0;
+            pg_flags[i] = 0;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        bool is_dirty = !!(pg_flags[i] & (1 << KPF_DIRTY));
+        bool is_private = (pg_counts[i] == 1);
+        // Working set
+        if (get_wss) {
+            bool is_referenced = !!(pg_flags[i] & (1 << KPF_REFERENCED));
+            if (!is_referenced) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            // This effectively makes vss = rss for the working set is requested.
+            // The libpagemap implementation returns vss > rss for
+            // working set, which doesn't make sense.
+            vma.wss.vss += pagesz;
+            vma.wss.rss += pagesz;
+            vma.wss.uss += is_private ? pagesz : 0;
+            vma.wss.pss += pagesz / pg_counts[i];
+            if (is_private) {
+                vma.wss.private_dirty += is_dirty ? pagesz : 0;
+                vma.wss.private_clean += is_dirty ? 0 : pagesz;
+            } else {
+                vma.wss.shared_dirty += is_dirty ? pagesz : 0;
+                vma.wss.shared_clean += is_dirty ? 0 : pagesz;
+            }
+        } else {
+            vma.usage.rss += pagesz;
+            vma.usage.uss += is_private ? pagesz : 0;
+            vma.usage.pss += pagesz / pg_counts[i];
+            if (is_private) {
+                vma.usage.private_dirty += is_dirty ? pagesz : 0;
+                vma.usage.private_clean += is_dirty ? 0 : pagesz;
+            } else {
+                vma.usage.shared_dirty += is_dirty ? pagesz : 0;
+                vma.usage.shared_clean += is_dirty ? 0 : pagesz;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace meminfo
+}  // namespace android