init: Add an selinux transition for snapuserd.

With compressed VAB updates, it is not possible to mount /system without
first running snapuserd, which is the userspace component to the dm-user
kernel module. This poses a problem because as soon as selinux
enforcement is enabled, snapuserd (running in a kernel context) does not
have access to read and decompress the underlying system partition.

To account for this, we split SelinuxInitialize into multiple steps:

First, sepolicy is read into an in-memory string.

Second, the device-mapper tables for all snapshots are rebuilt. This
flushes any pending reads and creates new dm-user devices. The original
kernel-privileged snapuserd is then killed.

Third, sepolicy is loaded from the in-memory string.

Fourth, we re-launch snapuserd and connect it to the newly created
dm-user devices. As part of this step we restorecon device-mapper
devices and /dev/block/by-name/super, since the new snapuserd is in a
limited context.

Finally, we set enforcing mode.

This sequence ensures that snapuserd has appropriate privileges with a
minimal number of permissive audits.

Bug: 173476209
Test: full OTA with VABC applies and boots
Change-Id: Ie4e0f5166b01c31a6f337afc26fc58b96217604e
diff --git a/init/snapuserd_transition.cpp b/init/snapuserd_transition.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19b5c57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/init/snapuserd_transition.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "snapuserd_transition.h"
+
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
+#include <sys/xattr.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/parseint.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <cutils/sockets.h>
+#include <libsnapshot/snapshot.h>
+#include <libsnapshot/snapuserd_client.h>
+#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
+#include <selinux/android.h>
+
+#include "block_dev_initializer.h"
+#include "service_utils.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace init {
+
+using namespace std::string_literals;
+
+using android::base::unique_fd;
+using android::snapshot::SnapshotManager;
+using android::snapshot::SnapuserdClient;
+
+static constexpr char kSnapuserdPath[] = "/system/bin/snapuserd";
+static constexpr char kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar[] = "FIRST_STAGE_SNAPUSERD_PID";
+static constexpr char kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar[] = "FIRST_STAGE_SNAPUSERD_FD";
+static constexpr char kSnapuserdLabel[] = "u:object_r:snapuserd_exec:s0";
+static constexpr char kSnapuserdSocketLabel[] = "u:object_r:snapuserd_socket:s0";
+
+void LaunchFirstStageSnapuserd() {
+    SocketDescriptor socket_desc;
+    socket_desc.name = android::snapshot::kSnapuserdSocket;
+    socket_desc.type = SOCK_STREAM;
+    socket_desc.perm = 0660;
+    socket_desc.uid = AID_SYSTEM;
+    socket_desc.gid = AID_SYSTEM;
+
+    // We specify a label here even though it technically is not needed. During
+    // first_stage_mount there is no sepolicy loaded. Once sepolicy is loaded,
+    // we bypass the socket entirely.
+    auto socket = socket_desc.Create(kSnapuserdSocketLabel);
+    if (!socket.ok()) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Could not create snapuserd socket: " << socket.error();
+    }
+
+    pid_t pid = fork();
+    if (pid < 0) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "Cannot launch snapuserd; fork failed";
+    }
+    if (pid == 0) {
+        socket->Publish();
+        char arg0[] = "/system/bin/snapuserd";
+        char* const argv[] = {arg0, nullptr};
+        if (execv(arg0, argv) < 0) {
+            PLOG(FATAL) << "Cannot launch snapuserd; execv failed";
+        }
+        _exit(127);
+    }
+
+    setenv(kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar, std::to_string(pid).c_str(), 1);
+
+    LOG(INFO) << "Relaunched snapuserd with pid: " << pid;
+}
+
+std::optional<pid_t> GetSnapuserdFirstStagePid() {
+    const char* pid_str = getenv(kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar);
+    if (!pid_str) {
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int pid = 0;
+    if (!android::base::ParseInt(pid_str, &pid)) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Could not parse pid in environment, " << kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar << "="
+                   << pid_str;
+    }
+    return {pid};
+}
+
+static void RelabelLink(const std::string& link) {
+    selinux_android_restorecon(link.c_str(), 0);
+
+    std::string path;
+    if (android::base::Readlink(link, &path)) {
+        selinux_android_restorecon(path.c_str(), 0);
+    }
+}
+
+static void RelabelDeviceMapper() {
+    selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/device-mapper", 0);
+
+    std::error_code ec;
+    for (auto& iter : std::filesystem::directory_iterator("/dev/block", ec)) {
+        const auto& path = iter.path();
+        if (android::base::StartsWith(path.string(), "/dev/block/dm-")) {
+            selinux_android_restorecon(path.string().c_str(), 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static std::optional<int> GetRamdiskSnapuserdFd() {
+    const char* fd_str = getenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar);
+    if (!fd_str) {
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int fd;
+    if (!android::base::ParseInt(fd_str, &fd)) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Could not parse fd in environment, " << kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar << "="
+                   << fd_str;
+    }
+    return {fd};
+}
+
+void RestoreconRamdiskSnapuserd(int fd) {
+    if (fsetxattr(fd, XATTR_NAME_SELINUX, kSnapuserdLabel, strlen(kSnapuserdLabel) + 1, 0) < 0) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "fsetxattr snapuserd failed";
+    }
+}
+
+SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::SnapuserdSelinuxHelper(std::unique_ptr<SnapshotManager>&& sm, pid_t old_pid)
+    : sm_(std::move(sm)), old_pid_(old_pid) {
+    // Only dm-user device names change during transitions, so the other
+    // devices are expected to be present.
+    sm_->SetUeventRegenCallback([this](const std::string& device) -> bool {
+        if (android::base::StartsWith(device, "/dev/dm-user/")) {
+            return block_dev_init_.InitDmUser(android::base::Basename(device));
+        }
+        return true;
+    });
+}
+
+void SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::StartTransition() {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Starting SELinux transition of snapuserd";
+
+    // The restorecon path reads from /system etc, so make sure any reads have
+    // been cached before proceeding.
+    auto handle = selinux_android_file_context_handle();
+    if (!handle) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Could not create SELinux file context handle";
+    }
+    selinux_android_set_sehandle(handle);
+
+    // We cannot access /system after the transition, so make sure init is
+    // pinned in memory.
+    if (mlockall(MCL_CURRENT) < 0) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "mlockall failed";
+    }
+
+    argv_.emplace_back("snapuserd");
+    argv_.emplace_back("-no_socket");
+    if (!sm_->DetachSnapuserdForSelinux(&argv_)) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Could not perform selinux transition";
+    }
+
+    // Make sure the process is gone so we don't have any selinux audits.
+    KillFirstStageSnapuserd(old_pid_);
+}
+
+void SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::FinishTransition() {
+    RelabelLink("/dev/block/by-name/super");
+    RelabelDeviceMapper();
+
+    selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/null", 0);
+    selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/urandom", 0);
+    selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/kmsg", 0);
+    selinux_android_restorecon("/dev/dm-user", SELINUX_ANDROID_RESTORECON_RECURSE);
+
+    RelaunchFirstStageSnapuserd();
+
+    if (munlockall() < 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "munlockall failed";
+    }
+}
+
+void SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::RelaunchFirstStageSnapuserd() {
+    auto fd = GetRamdiskSnapuserdFd();
+    if (!fd) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Environment variable " << kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar << " was not set!";
+    }
+    unsetenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar);
+
+    RestoreconRamdiskSnapuserd(fd.value());
+
+    pid_t pid = fork();
+    if (pid < 0) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "Fork to relaunch snapuserd failed";
+    }
+    if (pid > 0) {
+        // We don't need the descriptor anymore, and it should be closed to
+        // avoid leaking into subprocesses.
+        close(fd.value());
+
+        setenv(kSnapuserdFirstStagePidVar, std::to_string(pid).c_str(), 1);
+
+        LOG(INFO) << "Relaunched snapuserd with pid: " << pid;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Make sure the descriptor is gone after we exec.
+    if (fcntl(fd.value(), F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) < 0) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "fcntl FD_CLOEXEC failed for snapuserd fd";
+    }
+
+    std::vector<char*> argv;
+    for (auto& arg : argv_) {
+        argv.emplace_back(arg.data());
+    }
+    argv.emplace_back(nullptr);
+
+    int rv = syscall(SYS_execveat, fd.value(), "", reinterpret_cast<char* const*>(argv.data()),
+                     nullptr, AT_EMPTY_PATH);
+    if (rv < 0) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "Failed to execveat() snapuserd";
+    }
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<SnapuserdSelinuxHelper> SnapuserdSelinuxHelper::CreateIfNeeded() {
+    if (IsRecoveryMode()) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    auto old_pid = GetSnapuserdFirstStagePid();
+    if (!old_pid) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    auto sm = SnapshotManager::NewForFirstStageMount();
+    if (!sm) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Unable to create SnapshotManager";
+    }
+    return std::make_unique<SnapuserdSelinuxHelper>(std::move(sm), old_pid.value());
+}
+
+void KillFirstStageSnapuserd(pid_t pid) {
+    if (kill(pid, SIGTERM) < 0 && errno != ESRCH) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Kill snapuserd pid failed: " << pid;
+    } else {
+        LOG(INFO) << "Sent SIGTERM to snapuserd process " << pid;
+    }
+}
+
+void CleanupSnapuserdSocket() {
+    auto socket_path = ANDROID_SOCKET_DIR "/"s + android::snapshot::kSnapuserdSocket;
+    if (access(socket_path.c_str(), F_OK) != 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Tell the daemon to stop accepting connections and to gracefully exit
+    // once all outstanding handlers have terminated.
+    if (auto client = SnapuserdClient::Connect(android::snapshot::kSnapuserdSocket, 3s)) {
+        client->DetachSnapuserd();
+    }
+
+    // Unlink the socket so we can create it again in second-stage.
+    if (unlink(socket_path.c_str()) < 0) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "unlink " << socket_path << " failed";
+    }
+}
+
+void SaveRamdiskPathToSnapuserd() {
+    int fd = open(kSnapuserdPath, O_PATH);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "Unable to open snapuserd: " << kSnapuserdPath;
+    }
+
+    auto value = std::to_string(fd);
+    if (setenv(kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar, value.c_str(), 1) < 0) {
+        PLOG(FATAL) << "setenv failed: " << kSnapuserdFirstStageFdVar << "=" << value;
+    }
+}
+
+bool IsFirstStageSnapuserdRunning() {
+    return GetSnapuserdFirstStagePid().has_value();
+}
+
+}  // namespace init
+}  // namespace android