diff --git a/adb/adb.cpp b/adb/adb.cpp
index 2c959a4..9c1ead5 100644
--- a/adb/adb.cpp
+++ b/adb/adb.cpp
@@ -721,56 +721,50 @@
         return 1;
     }
 
-    if (!strncmp(service, "forward:",8) ||
-        !strncmp(service, "killforward:",12)) {
-        char *local, *remote;
-        atransport *transport;
-
-        int createForward = strncmp(service, "kill", 4);
-        int no_rebind = 0;
-
-        local = strchr(service, ':') + 1;
-
-        // Handle forward:norebind:<local>... here
-        if (createForward && !strncmp(local, "norebind:", 9)) {
-            no_rebind = 1;
-            local = strchr(local, ':') + 1;
+    if (!strncmp(service, "forward:", 8) || !strncmp(service, "killforward:", 12)) {
+        // killforward:local
+        // forward:(norebind:)?local;remote
+        bool kill_forward = false;
+        bool no_rebind = false;
+        if (android::base::StartsWith(service, "killforward:")) {
+            kill_forward = true;
+            service += 12;
+            if (android::base::StartsWith(service, "norebind:")) {
+                no_rebind = true;
+                service += 9;
+            }
+        } else {
+            service += 8;
         }
 
-        remote = strchr(local,';');
+        std::vector<std::string> pieces = android::base::Split(service, ";");
 
-        if (createForward) {
-            // Check forward: parameter format: '<local>;<remote>'
-            if(remote == 0) {
-                SendFail(reply_fd, "malformed forward spec");
-                return 1;
-            }
-
-            *remote++ = 0;
-            if((local[0] == 0) || (remote[0] == 0) || (remote[0] == '*')) {
-                SendFail(reply_fd, "malformed forward spec");
+        if (kill_forward) {
+            // Check killforward: parameter format: '<local>'
+            if (pieces.size() != 1 || pieces[0].empty()) {
+                SendFail(reply_fd, android::base::StringPrintf("bad killforward: %s", service));
                 return 1;
             }
         } else {
-            // Check killforward: parameter format: '<local>'
-            if (local[0] == 0) {
-                SendFail(reply_fd, "malformed forward spec");
+            // Check forward: parameter format: '<local>;<remote>'
+            if (pieces.size() != 2 || pieces[0].empty() || pieces[1].empty() || pieces[1][0] == '*') {
+                SendFail(reply_fd, android::base::StringPrintf("bad forward: %s", service));
                 return 1;
             }
         }
 
         std::string error_msg;
-        transport = acquire_one_transport(kCsAny, type, serial, &error_msg);
+        atransport* transport = acquire_one_transport(kCsAny, type, serial, &error_msg);
         if (!transport) {
             SendFail(reply_fd, error_msg);
             return 1;
         }
 
         InstallStatus r;
-        if (createForward) {
-            r = install_listener(local, remote, transport, no_rebind);
+        if (kill_forward) {
+            r = remove_listener(pieces[0].c_str(), transport);
         } else {
-            r = remove_listener(local, transport);
+            r = install_listener(pieces[0], pieces[1].c_str(), transport, no_rebind);
         }
         if (r == INSTALL_STATUS_OK) {
 #if ADB_HOST
@@ -783,7 +777,7 @@
 
         std::string message;
         switch (r) {
-          case INSTALL_STATUS_OK: message = " "; break;
+          case INSTALL_STATUS_OK: message = "success (!)"; break;
           case INSTALL_STATUS_INTERNAL_ERROR: message = "internal error"; break;
           case INSTALL_STATUS_CANNOT_BIND:
             message = android::base::StringPrintf("cannot bind to socket: %s", strerror(errno));
@@ -791,7 +785,9 @@
           case INSTALL_STATUS_CANNOT_REBIND:
             message = android::base::StringPrintf("cannot rebind existing socket: %s", strerror(errno));
             break;
-          case INSTALL_STATUS_LISTENER_NOT_FOUND: message = "listener not found"; break;
+          case INSTALL_STATUS_LISTENER_NOT_FOUND:
+            message = android::base::StringPrintf("listener '%s' not found", service);
+            break;
         }
         SendFail(reply_fd, message);
         return 1;
diff --git a/adb/adb_client.cpp b/adb/adb_client.cpp
index c73d737..ef9a586 100644
--- a/adb/adb_client.cpp
+++ b/adb/adb_client.cpp
@@ -256,19 +256,21 @@
 }
 
 
-int adb_command(const std::string& service, std::string* error) {
-    int fd = adb_connect(service, error);
+bool adb_command(const std::string& service) {
+    std::string error;
+    int fd = adb_connect(service, &error);
     if (fd < 0) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "error: %s\n", error->c_str());
-        return -1;
+        fprintf(stderr, "error: %s\n", error.c_str());
+        return false;
     }
 
-    if (!adb_status(fd, error)) {
+    if (!adb_status(fd, &error)) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "error: %s\n", error.c_str());
         adb_close(fd);
-        return -1;
+        return false;
     }
 
-    return 0;
+    return true;
 }
 
 bool adb_query(const std::string& service, std::string* result, std::string* error) {
diff --git a/adb/adb_client.h b/adb/adb_client.h
index 9895c49..5de0638 100644
--- a/adb/adb_client.h
+++ b/adb/adb_client.h
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@
 int adb_connect(const std::string& service, std::string* error);
 int _adb_connect(const std::string& service, std::string* error);
 
-// Connect to adb, connect to the named service, return 0 if the connection
-// succeeded AND the service returned OKAY.
-int adb_command(const std::string& service, std::string* error);
+// Connect to adb, connect to the named service, returns true if the connection
+// succeeded AND the service returned OKAY. Outputs any returned error otherwise.
+bool adb_command(const std::string& service);
 
 // Connects to the named adb service and fills 'result' with the response.
 // Returns true on success; returns false and fills 'error' on failure.
diff --git a/adb/adb_listeners.cpp b/adb/adb_listeners.cpp
index cf193ab..a335eec 100644
--- a/adb/adb_listeners.cpp
+++ b/adb/adb_listeners.cpp
@@ -26,13 +26,12 @@
 
 int gListenAll = 0; /* Not static because it is used in commandline.c. */
 
-alistener listener_list = {
+static alistener listener_list = {
     .next = &listener_list,
     .prev = &listener_list,
 };
 
-void ss_listener_event_func(int _fd, unsigned ev, void *_l)
-{
+static void ss_listener_event_func(int _fd, unsigned ev, void *_l) {
     asocket *s;
 
     if(ev & FDE_READ) {
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-void listener_event_func(int _fd, unsigned ev, void* _l)
+static void listener_event_func(int _fd, unsigned ev, void* _l)
 {
     alistener* listener = reinterpret_cast<alistener*>(_l);
     asocket *s;
@@ -106,38 +105,27 @@
     free(l);
 }
 
-void listener_disconnect(void* listener, atransport*  t)
-{
+static void listener_disconnect(void* listener, atransport* t) {
     free_listener(reinterpret_cast<alistener*>(listener));
 }
 
-int local_name_to_fd(const char *name)
-{
-    int port;
-
-    if(!strncmp("tcp:", name, 4)){
-        int  ret;
-        port = atoi(name + 4);
-
+static int local_name_to_fd(const char* name) {
+    if (!strncmp("tcp:", name, 4)) {
+        int port = atoi(name + 4);
         if (gListenAll > 0) {
-            ret = socket_inaddr_any_server(port, SOCK_STREAM);
+            return socket_inaddr_any_server(port, SOCK_STREAM);
         } else {
-            ret = socket_loopback_server(port, SOCK_STREAM);
+            return socket_loopback_server(port, SOCK_STREAM);
         }
-
-        return ret;
     }
 #ifndef HAVE_WIN32_IPC  /* no Unix-domain sockets on Win32 */
-    // It's non-sensical to support the "reserved" space on the adb host side
-    if(!strncmp(name, "local:", 6)) {
-        return socket_local_server(name + 6,
-                ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_ABSTRACT, SOCK_STREAM);
-    } else if(!strncmp(name, "localabstract:", 14)) {
-        return socket_local_server(name + 14,
-                ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_ABSTRACT, SOCK_STREAM);
-    } else if(!strncmp(name, "localfilesystem:", 16)) {
-        return socket_local_server(name + 16,
-                ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_FILESYSTEM, SOCK_STREAM);
+    // It's nonsensical to support the "reserved" space on the adb host side
+    if (!strncmp(name, "local:", 6)) {
+        return socket_local_server(name + 6, ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_ABSTRACT, SOCK_STREAM);
+    } else if (!strncmp(name, "localabstract:", 14)) {
+        return socket_local_server(name + 14, ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_ABSTRACT, SOCK_STREAM);
+    } else if (!strncmp(name, "localfilesystem:", 16)) {
+        return socket_local_server(name + 16, ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_FILESYSTEM, SOCK_STREAM);
     }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/adb/adb_listeners.h b/adb/adb_listeners.h
index 9a7ded1..67deb21 100644
--- a/adb/adb_listeners.h
+++ b/adb/adb_listeners.h
@@ -30,12 +30,6 @@
   INSTALL_STATUS_LISTENER_NOT_FOUND = -4,
 };
 
-extern alistener listener_list;
-
-void listener_disconnect(void*  _l, atransport*  t);
-void listener_event_func(int _fd, unsigned ev, void *_l);
-void ss_listener_event_func(int _fd, unsigned ev, void *_l);
-
 InstallStatus install_listener(const std::string& local_name,
                                const char* connect_to,
                                atransport* transport,
diff --git a/adb/commandline.cpp b/adb/commandline.cpp
index d7bee91..7fbca31 100644
--- a/adb/commandline.cpp
+++ b/adb/commandline.cpp
@@ -680,14 +680,7 @@
     }
 
     std::string cmd = format_host_command(service, t, serial);
-    std::string error;
-    if (adb_command(cmd, &error)) {
-        D("failure: %s *\n", error.c_str());
-        fprintf(stderr,"error: %s\n", error.c_str());
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    return true;
+    return adb_command(cmd);
 }
 
 static int send_shell_command(TransportType transport_type, const char* serial,
@@ -1249,90 +1242,50 @@
         if (argc != 1) return usage();
         return send_shell_command(transport_type, serial, "shell:bugreport");
     }
-    /* adb_command() wrapper commands */
     else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "forward") || !strcmp(argv[0], "reverse")) {
-        std::string cmd;
-        char host_prefix[64];
-        char reverse = (char) !strcmp(argv[0], "reverse");
-        char remove = 0;
-        char remove_all = 0;
-        char list = 0;
-        char no_rebind = 0;
-
-        // Parse options here.
-        while (argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-') {
-            if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--list"))
-                list = 1;
-            else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--remove"))
-                remove = 1;
-            else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--remove-all"))
-                remove_all = 1;
-            else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--no-rebind"))
-                no_rebind = 1;
-            else {
-                return usage();
-            }
-            argc--;
-            argv++;
-        }
-
-        // Ensure we can only use one option at a time.
-        if (list + remove + remove_all + no_rebind > 1) {
-            return usage();
-        }
+        bool reverse = !strcmp(argv[0], "reverse");
+        ++argv;
+        --argc;
+        if (argc < 1) return usage();
 
         // Determine the <host-prefix> for this command.
+        std::string host_prefix;
         if (reverse) {
-            snprintf(host_prefix, sizeof host_prefix, "reverse");
+            host_prefix = "reverse";
         } else {
             if (serial) {
-                snprintf(host_prefix, sizeof host_prefix, "host-serial:%s",
-                        serial);
+                host_prefix = android::base::StringPrintf("host-serial:%s", serial);
             } else if (transport_type == kTransportUsb) {
-                snprintf(host_prefix, sizeof host_prefix, "host-usb");
+                host_prefix = "host-usb";
             } else if (transport_type == kTransportLocal) {
-                snprintf(host_prefix, sizeof host_prefix, "host-local");
+                host_prefix = "host-local";
             } else {
-                snprintf(host_prefix, sizeof host_prefix, "host");
+                host_prefix = "host";
             }
         }
 
-        // Implement forward --list
-        if (list) {
-            if (argc != 1) {
-                return usage();
-            }
-
-            std::string query = android::base::StringPrintf("%s:list-forward", host_prefix);
-            return adb_query_command(query);
-        }
-
-        // Implement forward --remove-all
-        else if (remove_all) {
+        std::string cmd;
+        if (strcmp(argv[0], "--list") == 0) {
             if (argc != 1) return usage();
-            cmd = android::base::StringPrintf("%s:killforward-all", host_prefix);
-        }
-
-        // Implement forward --remove <local>
-        else if (remove) {
+            return adb_query_command(host_prefix + ":list-forward");
+        } else if (strcmp(argv[0], "--remove-all") == 0) {
+            if (argc != 1) return usage();
+            cmd = host_prefix + ":killforward-all";
+        } else if (strcmp(argv[0], "--remove") == 0) {
+            // forward --remove <local>
             if (argc != 2) return usage();
-            cmd = android::base::StringPrintf("%s:killforward:%s", host_prefix, argv[1]);
-        }
-        // Or implement one of:
-        //    forward <local> <remote>
-        //    forward --no-rebind <local> <remote>
-        else {
+            cmd = host_prefix + ":killforward:" + argv[1];
+        } else if (strcmp(argv[0], "--no-rebind") == 0) {
+            // forward --no-rebind <local> <remote>
             if (argc != 3) return usage();
-            const char* command = no_rebind ? "forward:norebind" : "forward";
-            cmd = android::base::StringPrintf("%s:%s:%s;%s", host_prefix, command, argv[1], argv[2]);
+            cmd = host_prefix + ":forward:norebind:" + argv[1] + ";" + argv[2];
+        } else {
+            // forward <local> <remote>
+            if (argc != 2) return usage();
+            cmd = host_prefix + ":forward:" + argv[0] + ";" + argv[1];
         }
 
-        std::string error;
-        if (adb_command(cmd, &error)) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "error: %s\n", error.c_str());
-            return 1;
-        }
-        return 0;
+        return adb_command(cmd) ? 0 : 1;
     }
     /* do_sync_*() commands */
     else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "ls")) {