diff --git a/adb/client/auth.cpp b/adb/client/auth.cpp
index 5fbef09..71c19b8 100644
--- a/adb/client/auth.cpp
+++ b/adb/client/auth.cpp
@@ -465,6 +465,7 @@
     if (key == nullptr) {
         // No more private keys to try, send the public key.
         t->SetConnectionState(kCsUnauthorized);
+        t->SetConnectionEstablished(true);
         send_auth_publickey(t);
         return;
     }
diff --git a/adb/transport.cpp b/adb/transport.cpp
index 3c74c75..0e8db04 100644
--- a/adb/transport.cpp
+++ b/adb/transport.cpp
@@ -1190,14 +1190,15 @@
 }
 #endif  // ADB_HOST
 
-int register_socket_transport(unique_fd s, std::string serial, int port, int local,
-                              atransport::ReconnectCallback reconnect) {
+bool register_socket_transport(unique_fd s, std::string serial, int port, int local,
+                               atransport::ReconnectCallback reconnect, int* error) {
     atransport* t = new atransport(std::move(reconnect), kCsOffline);
 
     D("transport: %s init'ing for socket %d, on port %d", serial.c_str(), s.get(), port);
     if (init_socket_transport(t, std::move(s), port, local) < 0) {
         delete t;
-        return -1;
+        if (error) *error = errno;
+        return false;
     }
 
     std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(transport_lock);
@@ -1206,7 +1207,8 @@
             VLOG(TRANSPORT) << "socket transport " << transport->serial
                             << " is already in pending_list and fails to register";
             delete t;
-            return -EALREADY;
+            if (error) *error = EALREADY;
+            return false;
         }
     }
 
@@ -1215,7 +1217,8 @@
             VLOG(TRANSPORT) << "socket transport " << transport->serial
                             << " is already in transport_list and fails to register";
             delete t;
-            return -EALREADY;
+            if (error) *error = EALREADY;
+            return false;
         }
     }
 
@@ -1229,10 +1232,20 @@
 
     if (local == 1) {
         // Do not wait for emulator transports.
-        return 0;
+        return true;
     }
 
-    return waitable->WaitForConnection(std::chrono::seconds(10)) ? 0 : -1;
+    if (!waitable->WaitForConnection(std::chrono::seconds(10))) {
+        if (error) *error = ETIMEDOUT;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (t->GetConnectionState() == kCsUnauthorized) {
+        if (error) *error = EPERM;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
 }
 
 #if ADB_HOST
diff --git a/adb/transport.h b/adb/transport.h
index 4bfc2ce..f362f24 100644
--- a/adb/transport.h
+++ b/adb/transport.h
@@ -364,8 +364,8 @@
 void connect_device(const std::string& address, std::string* response);
 
 /* cause new transports to be init'd and added to the list */
-int register_socket_transport(unique_fd s, std::string serial, int port, int local,
-                              atransport::ReconnectCallback reconnect);
+bool register_socket_transport(unique_fd s, std::string serial, int port, int local,
+                               atransport::ReconnectCallback reconnect, int* error = nullptr);
 
 // This should only be used for transports with connection_state == kCsNoPerm.
 void unregister_usb_transport(usb_handle* usb);
diff --git a/adb/transport_local.cpp b/adb/transport_local.cpp
index b20dee9..1431252 100644
--- a/adb/transport_local.cpp
+++ b/adb/transport_local.cpp
@@ -125,10 +125,12 @@
         return init_socket_transport(t, std::move(fd), port, 0) >= 0;
     };
 
-    int ret = register_socket_transport(std::move(fd), serial, port, 0, std::move(reconnect));
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        if (ret == -EALREADY) {
+    int error;
+    if (!register_socket_transport(std::move(fd), serial, port, 0, std::move(reconnect), &error)) {
+        if (error == EALREADY) {
             *response = android::base::StringPrintf("already connected to %s", serial.c_str());
+        } else if (error == EPERM) {
+            *response = android::base::StringPrintf("failed to authenticate to %s", serial.c_str());
         } else {
             *response = android::base::StringPrintf("failed to connect to %s", serial.c_str());
         }
@@ -162,7 +164,7 @@
         disable_tcp_nagle(fd.get());
         std::string serial = getEmulatorSerialString(console_port);
         if (register_socket_transport(std::move(fd), std::move(serial), adb_port, 1,
-                                      [](atransport*) { return false; }) == 0) {
+                                      [](atransport*) { return false; })) {
             return 0;
         }
     }