diff --git a/include/utils/BitSet.h b/include/utils/BitSet.h
index 75abe6c..f1d68a0 100644
--- a/include/utils/BitSet.h
+++ b/include/utils/BitSet.h
@@ -30,72 +30,102 @@
 struct BitSet32 {
     uint32_t value;
 
-    inline BitSet32() : value(0) { }
+    inline BitSet32() : value(0UL) { }
     explicit inline BitSet32(uint32_t value) : value(value) { }
 
     // Gets the value associated with a particular bit index.
-    static inline uint32_t valueForBit(uint32_t n) { return 0x80000000 >> n; }
+    static inline uint32_t valueForBit(uint32_t n) { return 0x80000000UL >> n; }
 
     // Clears the bit set.
-    inline void clear() { value = 0; }
+    inline void clear() { clear(value); }
+
+    static inline void clear(uint32_t& value) { value = 0UL; }
 
     // Returns the number of marked bits in the set.
-    inline uint32_t count() const { return __builtin_popcountl(value); }
+    inline uint32_t count() const { return count(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t count(uint32_t value) { return __builtin_popcountl(value); }
 
     // Returns true if the bit set does not contain any marked bits.
-    inline bool isEmpty() const { return ! value; }
+    inline bool isEmpty() const { return isEmpty(value); }
+
+    static inline bool isEmpty(uint32_t value) { return ! value; }
 
     // Returns true if the bit set does not contain any unmarked bits.
-    inline bool isFull() const { return value == 0xffffffff; }
+    inline bool isFull() const { return isFull(value); }
+
+    static inline bool isFull(uint32_t value) { return value == 0xffffffffUL; }
 
     // Returns true if the specified bit is marked.
-    inline bool hasBit(uint32_t n) const { return value & valueForBit(n); }
+    inline bool hasBit(uint32_t n) const { return hasBit(value, n); }
+
+    static inline bool hasBit(uint32_t value, uint32_t n) { return value & valueForBit(n); }
 
     // Marks the specified bit.
-    inline void markBit(uint32_t n) { value |= valueForBit(n); }
+    inline void markBit(uint32_t n) { markBit(value, n); }
+
+    static inline void markBit (uint32_t& value, uint32_t n) { value |= valueForBit(n); }
 
     // Clears the specified bit.
-    inline void clearBit(uint32_t n) { value &= ~ valueForBit(n); }
+    inline void clearBit(uint32_t n) { clearBit(value, n); }
+
+    static inline void clearBit(uint32_t& value, uint32_t n) { value &= ~ valueForBit(n); }
 
     // Finds the first marked bit in the set.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are unmarked.
-    inline uint32_t firstMarkedBit() const { return __builtin_clzl(value); }
+    inline uint32_t firstMarkedBit() const { return firstMarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static uint32_t firstMarkedBit(uint32_t value) { return __builtin_clzl(value); }
 
     // Finds the first unmarked bit in the set.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are marked.
-    inline uint32_t firstUnmarkedBit() const { return __builtin_clzl(~ value); }
+    inline uint32_t firstUnmarkedBit() const { return firstUnmarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t firstUnmarkedBit(uint32_t value) { return __builtin_clzl(~ value); }
 
     // Finds the last marked bit in the set.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are unmarked.
-    inline uint32_t lastMarkedBit() const { return 31 - __builtin_ctzl(value); }
+    inline uint32_t lastMarkedBit() const { return lastMarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t lastMarkedBit(uint32_t value) { return 31 - __builtin_ctzl(value); }
 
     // Finds the first marked bit in the set and clears it.  Returns the bit index.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are unmarked.
-    inline uint32_t clearFirstMarkedBit() {
-        uint32_t n = firstMarkedBit();
-        clearBit(n);
+    inline uint32_t clearFirstMarkedBit() { return clearFirstMarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t clearFirstMarkedBit(uint32_t& value) {
+        uint32_t n = firstMarkedBit(value);
+        clearBit(value, n);
         return n;
     }
 
     // Finds the first unmarked bit in the set and marks it.  Returns the bit index.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are marked.
-    inline uint32_t markFirstUnmarkedBit() {
-        uint32_t n = firstUnmarkedBit();
-        markBit(n);
+    inline uint32_t markFirstUnmarkedBit() { return markFirstUnmarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t markFirstUnmarkedBit(uint32_t& value) {
+        uint32_t n = firstUnmarkedBit(value);
+        markBit(value, n);
         return n;
     }
 
     // Finds the last marked bit in the set and clears it.  Returns the bit index.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are unmarked.
-    inline uint32_t clearLastMarkedBit() {
-        uint32_t n = lastMarkedBit();
-        clearBit(n);
+    inline uint32_t clearLastMarkedBit() { return clearLastMarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t clearLastMarkedBit(uint32_t& value) {
+        uint32_t n = lastMarkedBit(value);
+        clearBit(value, n);
         return n;
     }
 
     // Gets the index of the specified bit in the set, which is the number of
     // marked bits that appear before the specified bit.
     inline uint32_t getIndexOfBit(uint32_t n) const {
+        return getIndexOfBit(value, n);
+    }
+
+    static inline uint32_t getIndexOfBit(uint32_t value, uint32_t n) {
         return __builtin_popcountl(value & ~(0xffffffffUL >> n));
     }
 
@@ -130,65 +160,93 @@
     static inline uint64_t valueForBit(uint32_t n) { return 0x8000000000000000ULL >> n; }
 
     // Clears the bit set.
-    inline void clear() { value = 0ULL; }
+    inline void clear() { clear(value); }
+
+    static inline void clear(uint64_t& value) { value = 0ULL; }
 
     // Returns the number of marked bits in the set.
-    inline uint32_t count() const { return __builtin_popcountll(value); }
+    inline uint32_t count() const { return count(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t count(uint64_t value) { return __builtin_popcountll(value); }
 
     // Returns true if the bit set does not contain any marked bits.
-    inline bool isEmpty() const { return ! value; }
+    inline bool isEmpty() const { return isEmpty(value); }
+
+    static inline bool isEmpty(uint64_t value) { return ! value; }
 
     // Returns true if the bit set does not contain any unmarked bits.
-    inline bool isFull() const { return value == 0xffffffffffffffffULL; }
+    inline bool isFull() const { return isFull(value); }
+
+    static inline bool isFull(uint64_t value) { return value == 0xffffffffffffffffULL; }
 
     // Returns true if the specified bit is marked.
-    inline bool hasBit(uint32_t n) const { return value & valueForBit(n); }
+    inline bool hasBit(uint32_t n) const { return hasBit(value, n); }
+
+    static inline bool hasBit(uint64_t value, uint32_t n) { return value & valueForBit(n); }
 
     // Marks the specified bit.
-    inline void markBit(uint32_t n) { value |= valueForBit(n); }
+    inline void markBit(uint32_t n) { markBit(value, n); }
+
+    static inline void markBit(uint64_t& value, uint32_t n) { value |= valueForBit(n); }
 
     // Clears the specified bit.
-    inline void clearBit(uint32_t n) { value &= ~ valueForBit(n); }
+    inline void clearBit(uint32_t n) { clearBit(value, n); }
+
+    static inline void clearBit(uint64_t& value, uint32_t n) { value &= ~ valueForBit(n); }
 
     // Finds the first marked bit in the set.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are unmarked.
-    inline uint32_t firstMarkedBit() const { return __builtin_clzll(value); }
+    inline uint32_t firstMarkedBit() const { return firstMarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t firstMarkedBit(uint64_t value) { return __builtin_clzll(value); }
 
     // Finds the first unmarked bit in the set.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are marked.
-    inline uint32_t firstUnmarkedBit() const { return __builtin_clzll(~ value); }
+    inline uint32_t firstUnmarkedBit() const { return firstUnmarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t firstUnmarkedBit(uint64_t value) { return __builtin_clzll(~ value); }
 
     // Finds the last marked bit in the set.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are unmarked.
-    inline uint32_t lastMarkedBit() const { return 63 - __builtin_ctzll(value); }
+    inline uint32_t lastMarkedBit() const { return lastMarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t lastMarkedBit(uint64_t value) { return 63 - __builtin_ctzll(value); }
 
     // Finds the first marked bit in the set and clears it.  Returns the bit index.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are unmarked.
-    inline uint32_t clearFirstMarkedBit() {
-        uint64_t n = firstMarkedBit();
-        clearBit(n);
+    inline uint32_t clearFirstMarkedBit() { return clearFirstMarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t clearFirstMarkedBit(uint64_t& value) {
+        uint64_t n = firstMarkedBit(value);
+        clearBit(value, n);
         return n;
     }
 
     // Finds the first unmarked bit in the set and marks it.  Returns the bit index.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are marked.
-    inline uint32_t markFirstUnmarkedBit() {
-        uint64_t n = firstUnmarkedBit();
-        markBit(n);
+    inline uint32_t markFirstUnmarkedBit() { return markFirstUnmarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t markFirstUnmarkedBit(uint64_t& value) {
+        uint64_t n = firstUnmarkedBit(value);
+        markBit(value, n);
         return n;
     }
 
     // Finds the last marked bit in the set and clears it.  Returns the bit index.
     // Result is undefined if all bits are unmarked.
-    inline uint32_t clearLastMarkedBit() {
-        uint64_t n = lastMarkedBit();
-        clearBit(n);
+    inline uint32_t clearLastMarkedBit() { return clearLastMarkedBit(value); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t clearLastMarkedBit(uint64_t& value) {
+        uint64_t n = lastMarkedBit(value);
+        clearBit(value, n);
         return n;
     }
 
     // Gets the index of the specified bit in the set, which is the number of
     // marked bits that appear before the specified bit.
-    inline uint32_t getIndexOfBit(uint32_t n) const {
+    inline uint32_t getIndexOfBit(uint32_t n) const { return getIndexOfBit(value, n); }
+
+    static inline uint32_t getIndexOfBit(uint64_t value, uint32_t n) {
         return __builtin_popcountll(value & ~(0xffffffffffffffffULL >> n));
     }
 
diff --git a/libutils/tests/BitSet_test.cpp b/libutils/tests/BitSet_test.cpp
index 1f4917a..38b668a 100644
--- a/libutils/tests/BitSet_test.cpp
+++ b/libutils/tests/BitSet_test.cpp
@@ -85,6 +85,66 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(b2.hasBit(3) && b2.hasBit(6) && b2.hasBit(9));
 }
 
+TEST_F(BitSet32Test, MarkFirstUnmarkedBit) {
+    b1.markBit(1);
+
+    b1.markFirstUnmarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 2u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(0) && b1.hasBit(1));
+
+    b1.markFirstUnmarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 3u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(0) && b1.hasBit(1) && b1.hasBit(2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(BitSet32Test, ClearFirstMarkedBit) {
+    b1.markBit(0);
+    b1.markBit(10);
+
+    b1.clearFirstMarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(10));
+
+    b1.markBit(30);
+    b1.clearFirstMarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(30));
+}
+
+TEST_F(BitSet32Test, ClearLastMarkedBit) {
+    b1.markBit(10);
+    b1.markBit(31);
+
+    b1.clearLastMarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(10));
+
+    b1.markBit(5);
+    b1.clearLastMarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(5));
+}
+
+TEST_F(BitSet32Test, FillAndClear) {
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.isEmpty());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+        b1.markFirstUnmarkedBit();
+    }
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.isFull());
+    b1.clear();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.isEmpty());
+}
+
+TEST_F(BitSet32Test, GetIndexOfBit) {
+    b1.markBit(1);
+    b1.markBit(4);
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.getIndexOfBit(1), 0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.getIndexOfBit(4), 1);
+    b1.markFirstUnmarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.getIndexOfBit(1), 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.getIndexOfBit(4), 2);
+}
+
 class BitSet64Test : public testing::Test {
 protected:
     BitSet64 b1;
@@ -146,4 +206,65 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(b2.count(), 3u);
     EXPECT_TRUE(b2.hasBit(30) && b2.hasBit(60) && b2.hasBit(63));
 }
+
+TEST_F(BitSet64Test, MarkFirstUnmarkedBit) {
+    b1.markBit(1);
+
+    b1.markFirstUnmarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 2u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(0) && b1.hasBit(1));
+
+    b1.markFirstUnmarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 3u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(0) && b1.hasBit(1) && b1.hasBit(2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(BitSet64Test, ClearFirstMarkedBit) {
+    b1.markBit(0);
+    b1.markBit(10);
+
+    b1.clearFirstMarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(10));
+
+    b1.markBit(50);
+    b1.clearFirstMarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(50));
+}
+
+TEST_F(BitSet64Test, ClearLastMarkedBit) {
+    b1.markBit(10);
+    b1.markBit(63);
+
+    b1.clearLastMarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(10));
+
+    b1.markBit(5);
+    b1.clearLastMarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.count(), 1u);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.hasBit(5));
+}
+
+TEST_F(BitSet64Test, FillAndClear) {
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.isEmpty());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
+        b1.markFirstUnmarkedBit();
+    }
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.isFull());
+    b1.clear();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(b1.isEmpty());
+}
+
+TEST_F(BitSet64Test, GetIndexOfBit) {
+    b1.markBit(10);
+    b1.markBit(40);
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.getIndexOfBit(10), 0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.getIndexOfBit(40), 1);
+    b1.markFirstUnmarkedBit();
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.getIndexOfBit(10), 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(b1.getIndexOfBit(40), 2);
+}
+
 } // namespace android