Fix thread unwind in CallStack.

The CallStack unwind of a different thread was broken since it
wasn't properly setting the tid value.

Fix this problem and add new unit tests to verify the behavior.

Bug: 246405269

Test: New unit tests pass.
Test: Ran unit tests for 1000 operations to verify not flaky.
Change-Id: I00342e6cdcdb4bcb68f29734dadee6c987c98040
diff --git a/libutils/CallStack_test.cpp b/libutils/CallStack_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ea1911
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libutils/CallStack_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <thread>
+
+#include <android-base/threads.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <utils/CallStack.h>
+
+[[clang::noinline]] extern "C" void CurrentCaller(android::String8& backtrace) {
+    android::CallStack cs;
+    cs.update();
+    backtrace = cs.toString();
+}
+
+TEST(CallStackTest, current_backtrace) {
+    android::String8 backtrace;
+    CurrentCaller(backtrace);
+
+    ASSERT_NE(-1, backtrace.find("(CurrentCaller")) << "Full backtrace:\n" << backtrace;
+}
+
+[[clang::noinline]] extern "C" void ThreadBusyWait(std::atomic<pid_t>* tid, volatile bool* done) {
+    *tid = android::base::GetThreadId();
+    while (!*done) {
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(CallStackTest, thread_backtrace) {
+    // Use a volatile to avoid any problems unwinding since sometimes
+    // accessing a std::atomic does not include unwind data at every
+    // instruction and leads to failed unwinds.
+    volatile bool done = false;
+    std::atomic<pid_t> tid = -1;
+    std::thread thread([&tid, &done]() { ThreadBusyWait(&tid, &done); });
+
+    while (tid == -1) {
+    }
+
+    android::CallStack cs;
+    cs.update(0, tid);
+
+    done = true;
+    thread.join();
+
+    ASSERT_NE(-1, cs.toString().find("(ThreadBusyWait")) << "Full backtrace:\n" << cs.toString();
+}