diff --git a/adb/Android.mk b/adb/Android.mk
index 7c029be..3512323 100644
--- a/adb/Android.mk
+++ b/adb/Android.mk
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
 
 # Even though we're building a static library (and thus there's no link step for
 # this to take effect), this adds the includes to our path.
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils_static libcrypto_static libbase
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils libcrypto libbase
 
 include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
 
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
 
 # Even though we're building a static library (and thus there's no link step for
 # this to take effect), this adds the includes to our path.
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils_static libcrypto_static libbase
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_utils libcrypto libbase
 
 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES_windows := development/host/windows/usb/api/
 LOCAL_MULTILIB := first
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@
     shell_service_test.cpp \
 
 LOCAL_SANITIZE := $(adb_target_sanitize)
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libadbd libcrypto_utils_static libcrypto_static
+LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libadbd libcrypto_utils libcrypto
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog libbase libcutils
 include $(BUILD_NATIVE_TEST)
 
@@ -194,8 +194,8 @@
 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libbase
 LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
     libadb \
-    libcrypto_utils_static \
-    libcrypto_static \
+    libcrypto_utils \
+    libcrypto \
     libcutils \
     libdiagnose_usb \
 
@@ -257,8 +257,8 @@
 LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
     libadb \
     libbase \
-    libcrypto_utils_static \
-    libcrypto_static \
+    libcrypto_utils \
+    libcrypto \
     libdiagnose_usb \
     liblog \
 
@@ -334,8 +334,8 @@
     libsquashfs_utils \
     libcutils \
     libbase \
-    libcrypto_utils_static \
-    libcrypto_static \
+    libcrypto_utils \
+    libcrypto \
     libminijail \
     libdebuggerd_client \
 
diff --git a/adb/file_sync_client.cpp b/adb/file_sync_client.cpp
index fbca770..3368b7f 100644
--- a/adb/file_sync_client.cpp
+++ b/adb/file_sync_client.cpp
@@ -28,8 +28,11 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <utime.h>
 
+#include <chrono>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "sysdeps.h"
@@ -94,14 +97,112 @@
     }
 };
 
+enum class TransferDirection {
+    push,
+    pull,
+};
+
+struct TransferLedger {
+    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point start_time;
+    uint64_t files_transferred;
+    uint64_t files_skipped;
+    uint64_t bytes_transferred;
+    uint64_t bytes_expected;
+    bool expect_multiple_files;
+
+    TransferLedger() {
+        Reset();
+    }
+
+    bool operator==(const TransferLedger& other) const {
+        return files_transferred == other.files_transferred &&
+               files_skipped == other.files_skipped && bytes_transferred == other.bytes_transferred;
+    }
+
+    bool operator!=(const TransferLedger& other) const {
+        return !(*this == other);
+    }
+
+    void Reset() {
+        start_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+        files_transferred = 0;
+        files_skipped = 0;
+        bytes_transferred = 0;
+        bytes_expected = 0;
+    }
+
+    std::string TransferRate() {
+        if (bytes_transferred == 0) return "";
+
+        std::chrono::duration<double> duration;
+        duration = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_time;
+
+        double s = duration.count();
+        if (s == 0) {
+            return "";
+        }
+        double rate = (static_cast<double>(bytes_transferred) / s) / (1024 * 1024);
+        return android::base::StringPrintf(" %.1f MB/s (%" PRIu64 " bytes in %.3fs)", rate,
+                                           bytes_transferred, s);
+    }
+
+    void ReportProgress(LinePrinter& lp, const std::string& file, uint64_t file_copied_bytes,
+                        uint64_t file_total_bytes) {
+        char overall_percentage_str[5] = "?";
+        if (bytes_expected != 0) {
+            int overall_percentage = static_cast<int>(bytes_transferred * 100 / bytes_expected);
+            // If we're pulling symbolic links, we'll pull the target of the link rather than
+            // just create a local link, and that will cause us to go over 100%.
+            if (overall_percentage <= 100) {
+                snprintf(overall_percentage_str, sizeof(overall_percentage_str), "%d%%",
+                         overall_percentage);
+            }
+        }
+
+        std::string output;
+        if (file_copied_bytes > file_total_bytes || file_total_bytes == 0) {
+            // This case can happen if we're racing against something that wrote to the file
+            // between our stat and our read, or if we're reading a magic file that lies about
+            // its size. Just show how much we've copied.
+            output = android::base::StringPrintf("[%4s] %s: %" PRId64 "/?", overall_percentage_str,
+                                                 file.c_str(), file_copied_bytes);
+        } else {
+            // If we're transferring multiple files, we want to know how far through the current
+            // file we are, as well as the overall percentage.
+            if (expect_multiple_files) {
+                int file_percentage = static_cast<int>(file_copied_bytes * 100 / file_total_bytes);
+                output = android::base::StringPrintf("[%4s] %s: %d%%", overall_percentage_str,
+                                                     file.c_str(), file_percentage);
+            } else {
+                output =
+                    android::base::StringPrintf("[%4s] %s", overall_percentage_str, file.c_str());
+            }
+        }
+        lp.Print(output, LinePrinter::LineType::INFO);
+    }
+
+    void ReportTransferRate(LinePrinter& lp, const std::string& name, TransferDirection direction) {
+        const char* direction_str = (direction == TransferDirection::push) ? "pushed" : "pulled";
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        if (!name.empty()) {
+            ss << name << ": ";
+        }
+        ss << files_transferred << " file" << ((files_transferred == 1) ? "" : "s") << " "
+           << direction_str << ".";
+        if (files_skipped > 0) {
+            ss << " " << files_skipped << " file" << ((files_skipped == 1) ? "" : "s")
+               << " skipped.";
+        }
+        ss << TransferRate();
+
+        lp.Print(ss.str(), LinePrinter::LineType::INFO);
+        lp.KeepInfoLine();
+    }
+};
+
 class SyncConnection {
   public:
-    SyncConnection()
-            : total_bytes_(0),
-              start_time_ms_(CurrentTimeMs()),
-              expected_total_bytes_(0),
-              expect_multiple_files_(false),
-              expect_done_(false) {
+    SyncConnection() : expect_done_(false) {
         max = SYNC_DATA_MAX; // TODO: decide at runtime.
 
         std::string error;
@@ -140,6 +241,40 @@
         return rc != 0;
     }
 
+    void NewTransfer() {
+        current_ledger_.Reset();
+    }
+
+    void RecordBytesTransferred(size_t bytes) {
+        current_ledger_.bytes_transferred += bytes;
+        global_ledger_.bytes_transferred += bytes;
+    }
+
+    void RecordFilesTransferred(size_t files) {
+        current_ledger_.files_transferred += files;
+        global_ledger_.files_transferred += files;
+    }
+
+    void RecordFilesSkipped(size_t files) {
+        current_ledger_.files_skipped += files;
+        global_ledger_.files_skipped += files;
+    }
+
+    void ReportProgress(const std::string& file, uint64_t file_copied_bytes,
+                        uint64_t file_total_bytes) {
+        current_ledger_.ReportProgress(line_printer_, file, file_copied_bytes, file_total_bytes);
+    }
+
+    void ReportTransferRate(const std::string& file, TransferDirection direction) {
+        current_ledger_.ReportTransferRate(line_printer_, file, direction);
+    }
+
+    void ReportOverallTransferRate(TransferDirection direction) {
+        if (current_ledger_ != global_ledger_) {
+            global_ledger_.ReportTransferRate(line_printer_, "", direction);
+        }
+    }
+
     bool SendRequest(int id, const char* path_and_mode) {
         size_t path_length = strlen(path_and_mode);
         if (path_length > 1024) {
@@ -199,7 +334,9 @@
 
         WriteOrDie(lpath, rpath, &buf[0], (p - &buf[0]));
         expect_done_ = true;
-        total_bytes_ += data_length;
+
+        // RecordFilesTransferred gets called in CopyDone.
+        RecordBytesTransferred(data_length);
         ReportProgress(rpath, data_length, data_length);
         return true;
     }
@@ -242,7 +379,7 @@
             sbuf.size = bytes_read;
             WriteOrDie(lpath, rpath, &sbuf, sizeof(SyncRequest) + bytes_read);
 
-            total_bytes_ += bytes_read;
+            RecordBytesTransferred(bytes_read);
             bytes_copied += bytes_read;
 
             // Check to see if we've received an error from the other side.
@@ -259,6 +396,8 @@
         msg.data.id = ID_DONE;
         msg.data.size = mtime;
         expect_done_ = true;
+
+        // RecordFilesTransferred gets called in CopyDone.
         return WriteOrDie(lpath, rpath, &msg.data, sizeof(msg.data));
     }
 
@@ -271,6 +410,7 @@
         if (msg.status.id == ID_OKAY) {
             if (expect_done_) {
                 expect_done_ = false;
+                RecordFilesTransferred(1);
                 return true;
             } else {
                 Error("failed to copy '%s' to '%s': received premature success", from, to);
@@ -296,44 +436,6 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    std::string TransferRate() {
-        uint64_t ms = CurrentTimeMs() - start_time_ms_;
-        if (total_bytes_ == 0 || ms == 0) return "";
-
-        double s = static_cast<double>(ms) / 1000LL;
-        double rate = (static_cast<double>(total_bytes_) / s) / (1024*1024);
-        return android::base::StringPrintf(" %.1f MB/s (%" PRId64 " bytes in %.3fs)",
-                                           rate, total_bytes_, s);
-    }
-
-    void ReportProgress(const char* file, uint64_t file_copied_bytes, uint64_t file_total_bytes) {
-        char overall_percentage_str[5] = "?";
-        if (expected_total_bytes_ != 0) {
-            int overall_percentage = static_cast<int>(total_bytes_ * 100 / expected_total_bytes_);
-            // If we're pulling symbolic links, we'll pull the target of the link rather than
-            // just create a local link, and that will cause us to go over 100%.
-            if (overall_percentage <= 100) {
-                snprintf(overall_percentage_str, sizeof(overall_percentage_str), "%d%%",
-                         overall_percentage);
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (file_copied_bytes > file_total_bytes || file_total_bytes == 0) {
-            // This case can happen if we're racing against something that wrote to the file
-            // between our stat and our read, or if we're reading a magic file that lies about
-            // its size. Just show how much we've copied.
-            Printf("[%4s] %s: %" PRId64 "/?", overall_percentage_str, file, file_copied_bytes);
-        } else {
-            // If we're transferring multiple files, we want to know how far through the current
-            // file we are, as well as the overall percentage.
-            if (expect_multiple_files_) {
-                int file_percentage = static_cast<int>(file_copied_bytes * 100 / file_total_bytes);
-                Printf("[%4s] %s: %d%%", overall_percentage_str, file, file_percentage);
-            } else {
-                Printf("[%4s] %s", overall_percentage_str, file);
-            }
-        }
-    }
 
     void Printf(const char* fmt, ...) __attribute__((__format__(ADB_FORMAT_ARCHETYPE, 2, 3))) {
         std::string s;
@@ -346,6 +448,18 @@
         line_printer_.Print(s, LinePrinter::INFO);
     }
 
+    void Println(const char* fmt, ...) __attribute__((__format__(ADB_FORMAT_ARCHETYPE, 2, 3))) {
+        std::string s;
+
+        va_list ap;
+        va_start(ap, fmt);
+        android::base::StringAppendV(&s, fmt, ap);
+        va_end(ap);
+
+        line_printer_.Print(s, LinePrinter::INFO);
+        line_printer_.KeepInfoLine();
+    }
+
     void Error(const char* fmt, ...) __attribute__((__format__(ADB_FORMAT_ARCHETYPE, 2, 3))) {
         std::string s = "adb: error: ";
 
@@ -369,33 +483,29 @@
     }
 
     void ComputeExpectedTotalBytes(const std::vector<copyinfo>& file_list) {
-        expected_total_bytes_ = 0;
+        current_ledger_.bytes_expected = 0;
         for (const copyinfo& ci : file_list) {
             // Unfortunately, this doesn't work for symbolic links, because we'll copy the
             // target of the link rather than just creating a link. (But ci.size is the link size.)
-            if (!ci.skip) expected_total_bytes_ += ci.size;
+            if (!ci.skip) current_ledger_.bytes_expected += ci.size;
         }
-        expect_multiple_files_ = true;
+        current_ledger_.expect_multiple_files = true;
     }
 
     void SetExpectedTotalBytes(uint64_t expected_total_bytes) {
-        expected_total_bytes_ = expected_total_bytes;
-        expect_multiple_files_ = false;
+        current_ledger_.bytes_expected = expected_total_bytes;
+        current_ledger_.expect_multiple_files = false;
     }
 
-    uint64_t total_bytes_;
-
     // TODO: add a char[max] buffer here, to replace syncsendbuf...
     int fd;
     size_t max;
 
   private:
-    uint64_t start_time_ms_;
-
-    uint64_t expected_total_bytes_;
-    bool expect_multiple_files_;
     bool expect_done_;
 
+    TransferLedger global_ledger_;
+    TransferLedger current_ledger_;
     LinePrinter line_printer_;
 
     bool SendQuit() {
@@ -422,12 +532,6 @@
         }
         return true;
     }
-
-    static uint64_t CurrentTimeMs() {
-        struct timeval tv;
-        gettimeofday(&tv, 0); // (Not clock_gettime because of Mac/Windows.)
-        return static_cast<uint64_t>(tv.tv_sec) * 1000 + tv.tv_usec / 1000;
-    }
 };
 
 typedef void (sync_ls_cb)(unsigned mode, unsigned size, unsigned time, const char* name);
@@ -570,13 +674,12 @@
             return false;
         }
 
-        sc.total_bytes_ += msg.data.size;
-
         bytes_copied += msg.data.size;
-
+        sc.RecordBytesTransferred(msg.data.size);
         sc.ReportProgress(rpath, bytes_copied, size);
     }
 
+    sc.RecordFilesTransferred(1);
     adb_close(lfd);
     return true;
 }
@@ -661,13 +764,14 @@
 static bool copy_local_dir_remote(SyncConnection& sc, std::string lpath,
                                   std::string rpath, bool check_timestamps,
                                   bool list_only) {
+    sc.NewTransfer();
+
     // Make sure that both directory paths end in a slash.
     // Both paths are known to be nonempty, so we don't need to check.
     ensure_trailing_separators(lpath, rpath);
 
     // Recursively build the list of files to copy.
     std::vector<copyinfo> file_list;
-    int pushed = 0;
     int skipped = 0;
     if (!local_build_list(sc, &file_list, lpath, rpath)) {
         return false;
@@ -699,21 +803,19 @@
     for (const copyinfo& ci : file_list) {
         if (!ci.skip) {
             if (list_only) {
-                sc.Error("would push: %s -> %s", ci.lpath.c_str(), ci.rpath.c_str());
+                sc.Println("would push: %s -> %s", ci.lpath.c_str(), ci.rpath.c_str());
             } else {
                 if (!sync_send(sc, ci.lpath.c_str(), ci.rpath.c_str(), ci.time, ci.mode)) {
                     return false;
                 }
             }
-            pushed++;
         } else {
             skipped++;
         }
     }
 
-    sc.Printf("%s: %d file%s pushed. %d file%s skipped.%s", rpath.c_str(),
-              pushed, (pushed == 1) ? "" : "s", skipped,
-              (skipped == 1) ? "" : "s", sc.TransferRate().c_str());
+    sc.RecordFilesSkipped(skipped);
+    sc.ReportTransferRate(lpath, TransferDirection::push);
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -789,10 +891,14 @@
             path_holder += adb_basename(src_path);
             dst_path = path_holder.c_str();
         }
+
+        sc.NewTransfer();
         sc.SetExpectedTotalBytes(st.st_size);
         success &= sync_send(sc, src_path, dst_path, st.st_mtime, st.st_mode);
+        sc.ReportTransferRate(src_path, TransferDirection::push);
     }
 
+    sc.ReportOverallTransferRate(TransferDirection::push);
     return success;
 }
 
@@ -878,6 +984,8 @@
 
 static bool copy_remote_dir_local(SyncConnection& sc, std::string rpath,
                                   std::string lpath, bool copy_attrs) {
+    sc.NewTransfer();
+
     // Make sure that both directory paths end in a slash.
     // Both paths are known to be nonempty, so we don't need to check.
     ensure_trailing_separators(lpath, rpath);
@@ -891,7 +999,6 @@
 
     sc.ComputeExpectedTotalBytes(file_list);
 
-    int pulled = 0;
     int skipped = 0;
     for (const copyinfo &ci : file_list) {
         if (!ci.skip) {
@@ -903,7 +1010,6 @@
                              ci.lpath.c_str(), strerror(errno));
                     return false;
                 }
-                pulled++;
                 continue;
             }
 
@@ -914,15 +1020,13 @@
             if (copy_attrs && set_time_and_mode(ci.lpath, ci.time, ci.mode)) {
                 return false;
             }
-            pulled++;
         } else {
             skipped++;
         }
     }
 
-    sc.Printf("%s: %d file%s pulled. %d file%s skipped.%s", rpath.c_str(),
-              pulled, (pulled == 1) ? "" : "s", skipped,
-              (skipped == 1) ? "" : "s", sc.TransferRate().c_str());
+    sc.RecordFilesSkipped(skipped);
+    sc.ReportTransferRate(rpath, TransferDirection::pull);
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -1021,6 +1125,7 @@
             dst_path = path_holder.c_str();
         }
 
+        sc.NewTransfer();
         sc.SetExpectedTotalBytes(src_size);
         if (!sync_recv(sc, src_path, dst_path)) {
             success = false;
@@ -1031,8 +1136,10 @@
             success = false;
             continue;
         }
+        sc.ReportTransferRate(src_path, TransferDirection::pull);
     }
 
+    sc.ReportOverallTransferRate(TransferDirection::pull);
     return success;
 }
 
@@ -1040,5 +1147,9 @@
     SyncConnection sc;
     if (!sc.IsValid()) return false;
 
-    return copy_local_dir_remote(sc, lpath, rpath, true, list_only);
+    bool success = copy_local_dir_remote(sc, lpath, rpath, true, list_only);
+    if (!list_only) {
+        sc.ReportOverallTransferRate(TransferDirection::push);
+    }
+    return success;
 }
diff --git a/adb/line_printer.cpp b/adb/line_printer.cpp
index 4ec8979..64d10b6 100644
--- a/adb/line_printer.cpp
+++ b/adb/line_printer.cpp
@@ -124,4 +124,5 @@
 
 void LinePrinter::KeepInfoLine() {
   if (!have_blank_line_) Out("\n");
+  have_blank_line_ = true;
 }
diff --git a/adb/sysdeps_win32.cpp b/adb/sysdeps_win32.cpp
index ee27406..109a548 100644
--- a/adb/sysdeps_win32.cpp
+++ b/adb/sysdeps_win32.cpp
@@ -952,7 +952,7 @@
         _socket_set_errno(err);
         return -1;
     }
-    std::unique_ptr<struct addrinfo, decltype(freeaddrinfo)*> addrinfo(addrinfo_ptr, freeaddrinfo);
+    std::unique_ptr<struct addrinfo, decltype(&freeaddrinfo)> addrinfo(addrinfo_ptr, freeaddrinfo);
     addrinfo_ptr = nullptr;
 
     // TODO: Try all the addresses if there's more than one? This just uses
diff --git a/base/include/android-base/logging.h b/base/include/android-base/logging.h
index 56e2dde..66d60c9 100644
--- a/base/include/android-base/logging.h
+++ b/base/include/android-base/logging.h
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@
 typedef std::function<void(LogId, LogSeverity, const char*, const char*,
                            unsigned int, const char*)> LogFunction;
 
-extern void StderrLogger(LogId, LogSeverity, const char*, const char*,
-                         unsigned int, const char*);
+void KernelLogger(LogId, LogSeverity, const char*, const char*, unsigned int, const char*);
+void StderrLogger(LogId, LogSeverity, const char*, const char*, unsigned int, const char*);
 
 #ifdef __ANDROID__
 // We expose this even though it is the default because a user that wants to
@@ -79,17 +79,14 @@
 // The tag (or '*' for the global level) comes first, followed by a colon and a
 // letter indicating the minimum priority level we're expected to log.  This can
 // be used to reveal or conceal logs with specific tags.
-extern void InitLogging(char* argv[], LogFunction&& logger);
+void InitLogging(char* argv[], LogFunction&& logger);
 
 // Configures logging using the default logger (logd for the device, stderr for
 // the host).
-extern void InitLogging(char* argv[]);
+void InitLogging(char* argv[]);
 
 // Replace the current logger.
-extern void SetLogger(LogFunction&& logger);
-
-// Get the minimum severity level for logging.
-extern LogSeverity GetMinimumLogSeverity();
+void SetLogger(LogFunction&& logger);
 
 class ErrnoRestorer {
  public:
@@ -334,6 +331,12 @@
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(LogMessage);
 };
 
+// Get the minimum severity level for logging.
+LogSeverity GetMinimumLogSeverity();
+
+// Set the minimum severity level for logging, returning the old severity.
+LogSeverity SetMinimumLogSeverity(LogSeverity new_severity);
+
 // Allows to temporarily change the minimum severity level for logging.
 class ScopedLogSeverity {
  public:
diff --git a/base/logging.cpp b/base/logging.cpp
index 959bb8b..1f47a9f 100644
--- a/base/logging.cpp
+++ b/base/logging.cpp
@@ -14,12 +14,13 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifdef _WIN32
+#if defined(_WIN32)
 #include <windows.h>
 #endif
 
 #include "android-base/logging.h"
 
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <libgen.h>
 #include <time.h>
 
@@ -30,6 +31,10 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #endif
 
+#if defined(__linux__)
+#include <sys/uio.h>
+#endif
+
 #include <iostream>
 #include <limits>
 #include <sstream>
@@ -172,10 +177,6 @@
 static LogSeverity gMinimumLogSeverity = INFO;
 static auto& gProgramInvocationName = *new std::unique_ptr<std::string>();
 
-LogSeverity GetMinimumLogSeverity() {
-  return gMinimumLogSeverity;
-}
-
 static const char* ProgramInvocationName() {
   if (gProgramInvocationName == nullptr) {
     gProgramInvocationName.reset(new std::string(getprogname()));
@@ -184,6 +185,42 @@
   return gProgramInvocationName->c_str();
 }
 
+#if defined(__linux__)
+void KernelLogger(android::base::LogId, android::base::LogSeverity severity,
+                  const char* tag, const char*, unsigned int, const char* msg) {
+  static constexpr int kLogSeverityToKernelLogLevel[] = {
+    [android::base::VERBOSE] = 7, // KERN_DEBUG (there is no verbose kernel log level)
+    [android::base::DEBUG]   = 7, // KERN_DEBUG
+    [android::base::INFO]    = 6, // KERN_INFO
+    [android::base::WARNING] = 4, // KERN_WARNING
+    [android::base::ERROR]   = 3, // KERN_ERROR
+    [android::base::FATAL]   = 2, // KERN_CRIT
+  };
+  static_assert(arraysize(kLogSeverityToKernelLogLevel) == android::base::FATAL + 1,
+                "Mismatch in size of kLogSeverityToKernelLogLevel and values in LogSeverity");
+
+  static int klog_fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open("/dev/kmsg", O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
+  if (klog_fd == -1) return;
+
+  int level = kLogSeverityToKernelLogLevel[severity];
+
+  // The kernel's printk buffer is only 1024 bytes.
+  // TODO: should we automatically break up long lines into multiple lines?
+  // Or we could log but with something like "..." at the end?
+  char buf[1024];
+  size_t size = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "<%d>%s: %s\n", level, tag, msg);
+  if (size > sizeof(buf)) {
+    size = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "<%d>%s: %zu-byte message too long for printk\n",
+                    level, tag, size);
+  }
+
+  iovec iov[1];
+  iov[0].iov_base = buf;
+  iov[0].iov_len = size;
+  TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(writev(klog_fd, iov, 1));
+}
+#endif
+
 void StderrLogger(LogId, LogSeverity severity, const char*, const char* file,
                   unsigned int line, const char* message) {
   struct tm now;
@@ -211,28 +248,26 @@
 LogdLogger::LogdLogger(LogId default_log_id) : default_log_id_(default_log_id) {
 }
 
-static const android_LogPriority kLogSeverityToAndroidLogPriority[] = {
-    ANDROID_LOG_VERBOSE, ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, ANDROID_LOG_INFO,
-    ANDROID_LOG_WARN,    ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, ANDROID_LOG_FATAL,
-};
-static_assert(arraysize(kLogSeverityToAndroidLogPriority) == FATAL + 1,
-              "Mismatch in size of kLogSeverityToAndroidLogPriority and values "
-              "in LogSeverity");
-
-static const log_id kLogIdToAndroidLogId[] = {
-    LOG_ID_MAX, LOG_ID_MAIN, LOG_ID_SYSTEM,
-};
-static_assert(arraysize(kLogIdToAndroidLogId) == SYSTEM + 1,
-              "Mismatch in size of kLogIdToAndroidLogId and values in LogId");
-
 void LogdLogger::operator()(LogId id, LogSeverity severity, const char* tag,
                             const char* file, unsigned int line,
                             const char* message) {
+  static constexpr android_LogPriority kLogSeverityToAndroidLogPriority[] = {
+    ANDROID_LOG_VERBOSE, ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, ANDROID_LOG_INFO,
+    ANDROID_LOG_WARN,    ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, ANDROID_LOG_FATAL,
+  };
+  static_assert(arraysize(kLogSeverityToAndroidLogPriority) == FATAL + 1,
+                "Mismatch in size of kLogSeverityToAndroidLogPriority and values in LogSeverity");
+
   int priority = kLogSeverityToAndroidLogPriority[severity];
   if (id == DEFAULT) {
     id = default_log_id_;
   }
 
+  static constexpr log_id kLogIdToAndroidLogId[] = {
+    LOG_ID_MAX, LOG_ID_MAIN, LOG_ID_SYSTEM,
+  };
+  static_assert(arraysize(kLogIdToAndroidLogId) == SYSTEM + 1,
+                "Mismatch in size of kLogIdToAndroidLogId and values in LogId");
   log_id lg_id = kLogIdToAndroidLogId[id];
 
   if (priority == ANDROID_LOG_FATAL) {
@@ -427,13 +462,22 @@
   gLogger(id, severity, tag, file, line, message);
 }
 
-ScopedLogSeverity::ScopedLogSeverity(LogSeverity level) {
-  old_ = gMinimumLogSeverity;
-  gMinimumLogSeverity = level;
+LogSeverity GetMinimumLogSeverity() {
+    return gMinimumLogSeverity;
+}
+
+LogSeverity SetMinimumLogSeverity(LogSeverity new_severity) {
+  LogSeverity old_severity = gMinimumLogSeverity;
+  gMinimumLogSeverity = new_severity;
+  return old_severity;
+}
+
+ScopedLogSeverity::ScopedLogSeverity(LogSeverity new_severity) {
+  old_ = SetMinimumLogSeverity(new_severity);
 }
 
 ScopedLogSeverity::~ScopedLogSeverity() {
-  gMinimumLogSeverity = old_;
+  SetMinimumLogSeverity(old_);
 }
 
 }  // namespace base
diff --git a/fs_mgr/Android.mk b/fs_mgr/Android.mk
index 7da3ca4..d6b699b 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/Android.mk
+++ b/fs_mgr/Android.mk
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
     libfec \
     libfec_rs \
     libbase \
-    libcrypto_utils_static \
-    libcrypto_static \
+    libcrypto_utils \
+    libcrypto \
     libext4_utils_static \
     libsquashfs_utils \
     libselinux
diff --git a/include/utils/Condition.h b/include/utils/Condition.h
index a420185..5650598 100644
--- a/include/utils/Condition.h
+++ b/include/utils/Condition.h
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
     };
 
     Condition();
-    Condition(int type);
+    explicit Condition(int type);
     ~Condition();
     // Wait on the condition variable.  Lock the mutex before calling.
     status_t wait(Mutex& mutex);
diff --git a/include/utils/Mutex.h b/include/utils/Mutex.h
index f027c79..8b720b9 100644
--- a/include/utils/Mutex.h
+++ b/include/utils/Mutex.h
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@
     };
 
                 Mutex();
-                Mutex(const char* name);
-                Mutex(int type, const char* name = NULL);
+    explicit    Mutex(const char* name);
+    explicit    Mutex(int type, const char* name = NULL);
                 ~Mutex();
 
     // lock or unlock the mutex
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@
     // constructed and released when Autolock goes out of scope.
     class Autolock {
     public:
-        inline Autolock(Mutex& mutex) : mLock(mutex)  { mLock.lock(); }
-        inline Autolock(Mutex* mutex) : mLock(*mutex) { mLock.lock(); }
+        inline explicit Autolock(Mutex& mutex) : mLock(mutex)  { mLock.lock(); }
+        inline explicit Autolock(Mutex* mutex) : mLock(*mutex) { mLock.lock(); }
         inline ~Autolock() { mLock.unlock(); }
     private:
         Mutex& mLock;
diff --git a/include/utils/RWLock.h b/include/utils/RWLock.h
index e743b1c..d5b81d3 100644
--- a/include/utils/RWLock.h
+++ b/include/utils/RWLock.h
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@
     };
 
                 RWLock();
-                RWLock(const char* name);
-                RWLock(int type, const char* name = NULL);
+    explicit    RWLock(const char* name);
+    explicit    RWLock(int type, const char* name = NULL);
                 ~RWLock();
 
     status_t    readLock();
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
 
     class AutoRLock {
     public:
-        inline AutoRLock(RWLock& rwlock) : mLock(rwlock)  { mLock.readLock(); }
+        inline explicit AutoRLock(RWLock& rwlock) : mLock(rwlock)  { mLock.readLock(); }
         inline ~AutoRLock() { mLock.unlock(); }
     private:
         RWLock& mLock;
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 
     class AutoWLock {
     public:
-        inline AutoWLock(RWLock& rwlock) : mLock(rwlock)  { mLock.writeLock(); }
+        inline explicit AutoWLock(RWLock& rwlock) : mLock(rwlock)  { mLock.writeLock(); }
         inline ~AutoWLock() { mLock.unlock(); }
     private:
         RWLock& mLock;
diff --git a/include/utils/RefBase.h b/include/utils/RefBase.h
index 273f5aa..a232a65 100644
--- a/include/utils/RefBase.h
+++ b/include/utils/RefBase.h
@@ -372,12 +372,12 @@
     
     inline wp() : m_ptr(0) { }
 
-    wp(T* other);
+    wp(T* other);  // NOLINT(implicit)
     wp(const wp<T>& other);
-    wp(const sp<T>& other);
-    template<typename U> wp(U* other);
-    template<typename U> wp(const sp<U>& other);
-    template<typename U> wp(const wp<U>& other);
+    explicit wp(const sp<T>& other);
+    template<typename U> wp(U* other);  // NOLINT(implicit)
+    template<typename U> wp(const sp<U>& other);  // NOLINT(implicit)
+    template<typename U> wp(const wp<U>& other);  // NOLINT(implicit)
 
     ~wp();
     
diff --git a/include/utils/StrongPointer.h b/include/utils/StrongPointer.h
index 50fde35..d90b788 100644
--- a/include/utils/StrongPointer.h
+++ b/include/utils/StrongPointer.h
@@ -60,12 +60,12 @@
 public:
     inline sp() : m_ptr(0) { }
 
-    sp(T* other);
+    sp(T* other);  // NOLINT(implicit)
     sp(const sp<T>& other);
     sp(sp<T>&& other);
-    template<typename U> sp(U* other);
-    template<typename U> sp(const sp<U>& other);
-    template<typename U> sp(sp<U>&& other);
+    template<typename U> sp(U* other);  // NOLINT(implicit)
+    template<typename U> sp(const sp<U>& other);  // NOLINT(implicit)
+    template<typename U> sp(sp<U>&& other);  // NOLINT(implicit)
 
     ~sp();
 
diff --git a/include/utils/Thread.h b/include/utils/Thread.h
index 1532b7e..0f7ac9f 100644
--- a/include/utils/Thread.h
+++ b/include/utils/Thread.h
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 public:
     // Create a Thread object, but doesn't create or start the associated
     // thread. See the run() method.
-                        Thread(bool canCallJava = true);
+    explicit            Thread(bool canCallJava = true);
     virtual             ~Thread();
 
     // Start the thread in threadLoop() which needs to be implemented.
diff --git a/include/utils/TypeHelpers.h b/include/utils/TypeHelpers.h
index 61d618e..64d25c5 100644
--- a/include/utils/TypeHelpers.h
+++ b/include/utils/TypeHelpers.h
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@
     key_value_pair_t() { }
     key_value_pair_t(const key_value_pair_t& o) : key(o.key), value(o.value) { }
     key_value_pair_t(const KEY& k, const VALUE& v) : key(k), value(v)  { }
-    key_value_pair_t(const KEY& k) : key(k) { }
+    explicit key_value_pair_t(const KEY& k) : key(k) { }
     inline bool operator < (const key_value_pair_t& o) const {
         return strictly_order_type(key, o.key);
     }
diff --git a/include/utils/VectorImpl.h b/include/utils/VectorImpl.h
index 21ad71c..4dd91fd 100644
--- a/include/utils/VectorImpl.h
+++ b/include/utils/VectorImpl.h
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@
 {
 public:
                             SortedVectorImpl(size_t itemSize, uint32_t flags);
-                            SortedVectorImpl(const VectorImpl& rhs);
+    explicit                SortedVectorImpl(const VectorImpl& rhs);
     virtual                 ~SortedVectorImpl();
     
     SortedVectorImpl&     operator = (const SortedVectorImpl& rhs);    
diff --git a/init/Android.mk b/init/Android.mk
index 7aa3c3f..5888456 100644
--- a/init/Android.mk
+++ b/init/Android.mk
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@
     libc \
     libselinux \
     liblog \
-    libcrypto_utils_static \
-    libcrypto_static \
+    libcrypto_utils \
+    libcrypto \
     libc++_static \
     libdl \
     libsparse_static \
diff --git a/init/action.cpp b/init/action.cpp
index f3e362e..ed88f6d 100644
--- a/init/action.cpp
+++ b/init/action.cpp
@@ -118,7 +118,8 @@
     Timer t;
     int result = command.InvokeFunc();
 
-    if (klog_get_level() >= KLOG_DEBUG_LEVEL) {
+    // TODO: this should probably be changed to "if (failed || took a long time)"...
+    if (android::base::GetMinimumLogSeverity() <= android::base::DEBUG) {
         std::string trigger_name = BuildTriggersString();
         std::string cmd_str = command.BuildCommandString();
         std::string source = command.BuildSourceString();
diff --git a/init/builtins.cpp b/init/builtins.cpp
index d64c3d2..3d220c5 100644
--- a/init/builtins.cpp
+++ b/init/builtins.cpp
@@ -482,11 +482,7 @@
  * not return.
  */
 static int do_mount_all(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
-    pid_t pid;
     int ret = -1;
-    int child_ret = -1;
-    int status;
-    struct fstab *fstab;
 
     const char* fstabfile = args[1].c_str();
     /*
@@ -495,9 +491,10 @@
      * process if anything goes wrong (crash or memory leak), and wait for
      * the child to finish in the parent.
      */
-    pid = fork();
+    pid_t pid = fork();
     if (pid > 0) {
         /* Parent.  Wait for the child to return */
+        int status;
         int wp_ret = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(pid, &status, 0));
         if (wp_ret == -1) {
             // Unexpected error code. We will continue anyway.
@@ -511,9 +508,13 @@
         }
     } else if (pid == 0) {
         /* child, call fs_mgr_mount_all() */
-        klog_set_level(6);  /* So we can see what fs_mgr_mount_all() does */
-        fstab = fs_mgr_read_fstab(fstabfile);
-        child_ret = fs_mgr_mount_all(fstab);
+
+        // So we can always see what fs_mgr_mount_all() does.
+        // Only needed if someone explicitly changes the default log level in their init.rc.
+        android::base::ScopedLogSeverity info(android::base::INFO);
+
+        struct fstab* fstab = fs_mgr_read_fstab(fstabfile);
+        int child_ret = fs_mgr_mount_all(fstab);
         fs_mgr_free_fstab(fstab);
         if (child_ret == -1) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "fs_mgr_mount_all returned an error";
@@ -866,12 +867,23 @@
 }
 
 static int do_loglevel(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
+    // TODO: support names instead/as well?
     int log_level = std::stoi(args[1]);
-    if (log_level < KLOG_ERROR_LEVEL || log_level > KLOG_DEBUG_LEVEL) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "loglevel: invalid log level " << log_level;
-        return -EINVAL;
+    android::base::LogSeverity severity;
+    switch (log_level) {
+        case 7: severity = android::base::DEBUG; break;
+        case 6: severity = android::base::INFO; break;
+        case 5:
+        case 4: severity = android::base::WARNING; break;
+        case 3: severity = android::base::ERROR; break;
+        case 2:
+        case 1:
+        case 0: severity = android::base::FATAL; break;
+        default:
+            LOG(ERROR) << "loglevel: invalid log level " << log_level;
+            return -EINVAL;
     }
-    klog_set_level(log_level);
+    android::base::SetMinimumLogSeverity(severity);
     return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/init/log.cpp b/init/log.cpp
index 379141a..8618340 100644
--- a/init/log.cpp
+++ b/init/log.cpp
@@ -17,52 +17,16 @@
 #include "log.h"
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/uio.h>
 
 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
 
-static const int kLogSeverityToKLogLevel[] = {
-    [android::base::VERBOSE] = KLOG_DEBUG_LEVEL,
-    [android::base::DEBUG] = KLOG_DEBUG_LEVEL,
-    [android::base::INFO] = KLOG_INFO_LEVEL,
-    [android::base::WARNING] = KLOG_WARNING_LEVEL,
-    [android::base::ERROR] = KLOG_ERROR_LEVEL,
-    [android::base::FATAL] = KLOG_ERROR_LEVEL,
-};
-static_assert(arraysize(kLogSeverityToKLogLevel) == android::base::FATAL + 1,
-              "Mismatch in size of kLogSeverityToKLogLevel and values in LogSeverity");
-
-static void KernelLogger(android::base::LogId, android::base::LogSeverity severity,
-                         const char* tag, const char*, unsigned int, const char* msg) {
-    int level = kLogSeverityToKLogLevel[severity];
-    if (level > klog_get_level()) return;
-
-    // The kernel's printk buffer is only 1024 bytes.
-    // TODO: should we automatically break up long lines into multiple lines?
-    // Or we could log but with something like "..." at the end?
-    char buf[1024];
-    size_t size = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "<%d>%s: %s\n", level, tag, msg);
-    if (size > sizeof(buf)) {
-        size = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "<%d>%s: %zu-byte message too long for printk\n",
-                        level, tag, size);
-    }
-
-    iovec iov[1];
-    iov[0].iov_base = buf;
-    iov[0].iov_len = size;
-    klog_writev(level, iov, 1);
-}
-
 void InitKernelLogging(char* argv[]) {
     // Make stdin/stdout/stderr all point to /dev/null.
     int fd = open("/sys/fs/selinux/null", O_RDWR);
     if (fd == -1) {
         int saved_errno = errno;
-        android::base::InitLogging(argv, &KernelLogger);
+        android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::KernelLogger);
         errno = saved_errno;
         PLOG(FATAL) << "Couldn't open /sys/fs/selinux/null";
     }
@@ -71,8 +35,7 @@
     dup2(fd, 2);
     if (fd > 2) close(fd);
 
-    android::base::InitLogging(argv, &KernelLogger);
-    klog_set_level(KLOG_INFO_LEVEL);
+    android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::KernelLogger);
 }
 
 int selinux_klog_callback(int type, const char *fmt, ...) {
@@ -87,6 +50,6 @@
     va_start(ap, fmt);
     vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, ap);
     va_end(ap);
-    KernelLogger(android::base::MAIN, severity, "selinux", nullptr, 0, buf);
+    android::base::KernelLogger(android::base::MAIN, severity, "selinux", nullptr, 0, buf);
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/init/log.h b/init/log.h
index cf552a1..8fa6d74 100644
--- a/init/log.h
+++ b/init/log.h
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <cutils/klog.h>
-
 void InitKernelLogging(char* argv[]);
 
 int selinux_klog_callback(int level, const char* fmt, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
diff --git a/init/readme.txt b/init/readme.txt
index 7260775..4c04f17 100644
--- a/init/readme.txt
+++ b/init/readme.txt
@@ -514,6 +514,3 @@
 Alternatively, use the emulator:
 
   emulator -partition-size 1024 -verbose -show-kernel -no-window
-
-You might want to change the klog_set_level call so you see all the kernel
-logging in dmesg (or the emulator output).
diff --git a/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp b/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca7bd31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcrypto_utils/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "libcrypto_utils",
+    host_supported: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "android_pubkey.c",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Wextra",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-std=c99",
+    ],
+    local_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    shared_libs: ["libcrypto"],
+    target: {
+        windows: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
+    },
+}
diff --git a/libcrypto_utils/Android.mk b/libcrypto_utils/Android.mk
deleted file mode 100644
index b6d2204..0000000
--- a/libcrypto_utils/Android.mk
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-#
-# Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-#
-
-LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
-LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcrypto
-include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
-LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcrypto
-include $(BUILD_HOST_SHARED_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils_static
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
-LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto
-include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := libcrypto_utils_static
-LOCAL_MODULE_HOST_OS := darwin linux windows
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := android_pubkey.c
-LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra -std=c99
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libcrypto_static
-include $(BUILD_HOST_STATIC_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(call all-makefiles-under,$(LOCAL_PATH))
diff --git a/libcutils/sched_policy.c b/libcutils/sched_policy.c
index d7b4b0b..5c68add 100644
--- a/libcutils/sched_policy.c
+++ b/libcutils/sched_policy.c
@@ -45,9 +45,6 @@
 
 #define POLICY_DEBUG 0
 
-// This prctl is only available in Android kernels.
-#define PR_SET_TIMERSLACK_PID 41
-
 // timer slack value in nS enforced when the thread moves to background
 #define TIMER_SLACK_BG 40000000
 #define TIMER_SLACK_FG 50000
@@ -293,9 +290,9 @@
 }
 
 static void set_timerslack_ns(int tid, unsigned long long slack) {
+    // v4.6+ kernels support the /proc/<tid>/timerslack_ns interface.
+    // TODO: once we've backported this, log if the open(2) fails.
     char buf[64];
-
-    /* v4.6+ kernels support the /proc/<tid>/timerslack_ns interface. */
     snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/proc/%d/timerslack_ns", tid);
     int fd = open(buf, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
     if (fd != -1) {
@@ -306,11 +303,6 @@
         close(fd);
         return;
     }
-
-    /* If the above fails, try the old common.git PR_SET_TIMERSLACK_PID. */
-    if (prctl(PR_SET_TIMERSLACK_PID, slack, tid) == -1) {
-        SLOGE("set_timerslack_ns prctl failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
-    }
 }
 
 int set_sched_policy(int tid, SchedPolicy policy)
diff --git a/libcutils/tests/Android.bp b/libcutils/tests/Android.bp
index 530c747..ada7d5f 100644
--- a/libcutils/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/libcutils/tests/Android.bp
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
             srcs: [
                 "MemsetTest.cpp",
                 "PropertiesTest.cpp",
+                "sched_policy_test.cpp",
                 "trace-dev_test.cpp",
             ],
         },
diff --git a/libcutils/tests/sched_policy_test.cpp b/libcutils/tests/sched_policy_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..173174a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libcutils/tests/sched_policy_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <thread>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <sys/capability.h>
+
+#include <cutils/sched_policy.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+bool hasCapSysNice() {
+    __user_cap_header_struct header;
+    memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
+    header.version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3;
+
+    __user_cap_data_struct caps[_LINUX_CAPABILITY_U32S_3];
+    if (capget(&header, &caps[0])) {
+        GTEST_LOG_(WARNING) << "failed to get process capabilities";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    auto nice_idx = CAP_TO_INDEX(CAP_SYS_NICE);
+    auto nice_mask = CAP_TO_MASK(CAP_SYS_NICE);
+    return caps[nice_idx].effective & nice_mask;
+}
+
+long long medianSleepTime() {
+    std::vector<long long> sleepTimes;
+    constexpr size_t numSamples = 100;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < numSamples; i++) {
+        auto start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::nanoseconds(1));
+        auto end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+        auto diff = end - start;
+        sleepTimes.push_back(diff.count());
+    }
+
+    constexpr auto median = numSamples / 2;
+    std::nth_element(sleepTimes.begin(), sleepTimes.begin() + median,
+            sleepTimes.end());
+    return sleepTimes[median];
+}
+
+TEST(SchedPolicy, set_sched_policy) {
+    if (!hasCapSysNice()) {
+        GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "skipping test that requires CAP_SYS_NICE";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // A measureable effect of scheduling policy is that the kernel has 800x
+    // greater slack time in waking up a sleeping background thread.
+    //
+    // Look for 100x difference in how long FB and BG threads actually sleep
+    // when trying to sleep for 1 ns.  This difference is large enough not
+    // to happen by chance, but small enough (compared to 800x) to keep inherent
+    // fuzziness in scheduler behavior from causing false negatives.
+    const unsigned int BG_FG_SLACK_FACTOR = 100;
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, set_sched_policy(0, SP_BACKGROUND));
+    auto bgSleepTime = medianSleepTime();
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, set_sched_policy(0, SP_FOREGROUND));
+    auto fgSleepTime = medianSleepTime();
+    ASSERT_GT(bgSleepTime, fgSleepTime * BG_FG_SLACK_FACTOR);
+}
+
+TEST(SchedPolicy, get_sched_policy) {
+    SchedPolicy policy;
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, get_sched_policy(0, &policy));
+
+    const char *policyName = get_sched_policy_name(policy);
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, policyName);
+    EXPECT_STRNE("error", policyName);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, set_sched_policy(0, SP_BACKGROUND));
+    SchedPolicy newPolicy;
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, get_sched_policy(0, &newPolicy));
+    EXPECT_EQ(SP_BACKGROUND, newPolicy);
+}
diff --git a/libsync/Android.mk b/libsync/Android.mk
index fd1c88c..f407bd1 100644
--- a/libsync/Android.mk
+++ b/libsync/Android.mk
@@ -4,17 +4,27 @@
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := sync.c
 LOCAL_MODULE := libsync
 LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog
 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
 LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Werror
 include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
 
+# libsync_recovery is only intended for the recovery binary.
+# Future versions of the kernel WILL require an updated libsync, and will break
+# anything statically linked against the current libsync.
+include $(CLEAR_VARS)
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES := sync.c
+LOCAL_MODULE := libsync_recovery
+LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
+LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
+LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Werror
+include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
+
 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := sync.c sync_test.c
 LOCAL_MODULE := sync_test
 LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional tests
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := liblog
 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(LOCAL_PATH)/include
 LOCAL_CFLAGS := -Werror
 include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
diff --git a/libutils/SharedBuffer.cpp b/libutils/SharedBuffer.cpp
index f3d6d8f..dc96aef 100644
--- a/libutils/SharedBuffer.cpp
+++ b/libutils/SharedBuffer.cpp
@@ -114,8 +114,9 @@
 int32_t SharedBuffer::release(uint32_t flags) const
 {
     int32_t prev = 1;
-    if (onlyOwner() || ((prev = mRefs.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_release) == 1)
-            && (atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire), true))) {
+    if (onlyOwner()
+            || (((prev = mRefs.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_release)) == 1)
+                && (atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire), true))) {
         mRefs.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
         if ((flags & eKeepStorage) == 0) {
             free(const_cast<SharedBuffer*>(this));
diff --git a/logcat/logcat.cpp b/logcat/logcat.cpp
index 5bac717..7e2bac7 100644
--- a/logcat/logcat.cpp
+++ b/logcat/logcat.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <string>
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <cutils/sched_policy.h>
 #include <cutils/sockets.h>
@@ -109,29 +110,27 @@
             (g_maxRotatedLogs > 0) ? (int) (floor(log10(g_maxRotatedLogs) + 1)) : 0;
 
     for (int i = g_maxRotatedLogs ; i > 0 ; i--) {
-        char *file0, *file1;
+        std::string file1 = android::base::StringPrintf(
+            "%s.%.*d", g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i);
 
-        asprintf(&file1, "%s.%.*d", g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i);
-
+        std::string file0;
         if (i - 1 == 0) {
-            asprintf(&file0, "%s", g_outputFileName);
+            file0 = android::base::StringPrintf("%s", g_outputFileName);
         } else {
-            asprintf(&file0, "%s.%.*d", g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i - 1);
+            file0 = android::base::StringPrintf(
+                "%s.%.*d", g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i - 1);
         }
 
-        if (!file0 || !file1) {
+        if ((file0.length() == 0) || (file1.length() == 0)) {
             perror("while rotating log files");
             break;
         }
 
-        err = rename(file0, file1);
+        err = rename(file0.c_str(), file1.c_str());
 
         if (err < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
             perror("while rotating log files");
         }
-
-        free(file1);
-        free(file0);
     }
 
     g_outFD = openLogFile(g_outputFileName);
@@ -231,13 +230,15 @@
     }
 }
 
-static void setupOutput()
-{
-
+static void setupOutputAndSchedulingPolicy(bool blocking) {
     if (g_outputFileName == NULL) {
         g_outFD = STDOUT_FILENO;
+        return;
+    }
 
-    } else {
+    if (blocking) {
+        // Lower priority and set to batch scheduling if we are saving
+        // the logs into files and taking continuous content.
         if (set_sched_policy(0, SP_BACKGROUND) < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "failed to set background scheduling policy\n");
         }
@@ -251,26 +252,26 @@
         if (setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, ANDROID_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND) < 0) {
             fprintf(stderr, "failed set to priority\n");
         }
-
-        g_outFD = openLogFile (g_outputFileName);
-
-        if (g_outFD < 0) {
-            logcat_panic(false, "couldn't open output file");
-        }
-
-        struct stat statbuf;
-        if (fstat(g_outFD, &statbuf) == -1) {
-            close(g_outFD);
-            logcat_panic(false, "couldn't get output file stat\n");
-        }
-
-        if ((size_t) statbuf.st_size > SIZE_MAX || statbuf.st_size < 0) {
-            close(g_outFD);
-            logcat_panic(false, "invalid output file stat\n");
-        }
-
-        g_outByteCount = statbuf.st_size;
     }
+
+    g_outFD = openLogFile (g_outputFileName);
+
+    if (g_outFD < 0) {
+        logcat_panic(false, "couldn't open output file");
+    }
+
+    struct stat statbuf;
+    if (fstat(g_outFD, &statbuf) == -1) {
+        close(g_outFD);
+        logcat_panic(false, "couldn't get output file stat\n");
+    }
+
+    if ((size_t) statbuf.st_size > SIZE_MAX || statbuf.st_size < 0) {
+        close(g_outFD);
+        logcat_panic(false, "invalid output file stat\n");
+    }
+
+    g_outByteCount = statbuf.st_size;
 }
 
 static void show_help(const char *cmd)
@@ -284,6 +285,8 @@
                     "                  Rotate log every kbytes. Requires -f option\n"
                     "  -n <count>, --rotate-count=<count>\n"
                     "                  Sets max number of rotated logs to <count>, default 4\n"
+                    "  --id=<id>       If the signature id for logging to file changes, then clear\n"
+                    "                  the fileset and continue\n"
                     "  -v <format>, --format=<format>\n"
                     "                  Sets log print format verb and adverbs, where <format> is:\n"
                     "                    brief long process raw tag thread threadtime time\n"
@@ -443,7 +446,7 @@
     return t.strptime(cp, "%s.%q");
 }
 
-// Find last logged line in gestalt of all matching existing output files
+// Find last logged line in <outputFileName>, or <outputFileName>.1
 static log_time lastLogTime(char *outputFileName) {
     log_time retval(log_time::EPOCH);
     if (!outputFileName) {
@@ -468,24 +471,18 @@
         return retval;
     }
 
-    clockid_t clock_type = android_log_clockid();
-    log_time now(clock_type);
-    bool monotonic = clock_type == CLOCK_MONOTONIC;
+    log_time now(android_log_clockid());
 
     size_t len = strlen(file);
     log_time modulo(0, NS_PER_SEC);
     struct dirent *dp;
 
     while ((dp = readdir(dir.get())) != NULL) {
-        if ((dp->d_type != DT_REG)
-                // If we are using realtime, check all files that match the
-                // basename for latest time. If we are using monotonic time
-                // then only check the main file because time cycles on
-                // every reboot.
-                || strncmp(dp->d_name, file, len + monotonic)
-                || (dp->d_name[len]
-                    && ((dp->d_name[len] != '.')
-                        || !isdigit(dp->d_name[len+1])))) {
+        if ((dp->d_type != DT_REG) ||
+                (strncmp(dp->d_name, file, len) != 0) ||
+                (dp->d_name[len] &&
+                     ((dp->d_name[len] != '.') ||
+                         (strtoll(dp->d_name + 1, NULL, 10) != 1)))) {
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -547,6 +544,7 @@
     unsigned long setLogSize = 0;
     int getPruneList = 0;
     char *setPruneList = NULL;
+    char *setId = NULL;
     int printStatistics = 0;
     int mode = ANDROID_LOG_RDONLY;
     const char *forceFilters = NULL;
@@ -574,6 +572,7 @@
         int option_index = 0;
         // list of long-argument only strings for later comparison
         static const char pid_str[] = "pid";
+        static const char id_str[] = "id";
         static const char wrap_str[] = "wrap";
         static const char print_str[] = "print";
         static const struct option long_options[] = {
@@ -588,6 +587,7 @@
           { "grep",          required_argument, NULL,   'e' },
           // hidden and undocumented reserved alias for --max-count
           { "head",          required_argument, NULL,   'm' },
+          { id_str,          required_argument, NULL,   0 },
           { "last",          no_argument,       NULL,   'L' },
           { "max-count",     required_argument, NULL,   'm' },
           { pid_str,         required_argument, NULL,   0 },
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@
 
         switch (ret) {
             case 0:
-                // One of the long options
+                // only long options
                 if (long_options[option_index].name == pid_str) {
                     // ToDo: determine runtime PID_MAX?
                     if (!getSizeTArg(optarg, &pid, 1)) {
@@ -644,6 +644,10 @@
                     g_printItAnyways = true;
                     break;
                 }
+                if (long_options[option_index].name == id_str) {
+                    setId = optarg && optarg[0] ? optarg : NULL;
+                    break;
+                }
             break;
 
             case 's':
@@ -657,7 +661,7 @@
             break;
 
             case 'L':
-                mode |= ANDROID_LOG_PSTORE;
+                mode |= ANDROID_LOG_RDONLY | ANDROID_LOG_PSTORE | ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK;
             break;
 
             case 'd':
@@ -968,7 +972,20 @@
         logcat_panic(true, "-r requires -f as well\n");
     }
 
-    setupOutput();
+    if (setId != NULL) {
+        if (g_outputFileName == NULL) {
+            logcat_panic(true, "--id='%s' requires -f as well\n", setId);
+        }
+
+        std::string file_name = android::base::StringPrintf("%s.id", g_outputFileName);
+        std::string file;
+        bool file_ok = android::base::ReadFileToString(file_name, &file);
+        android::base::WriteStringToFile(setId, file_name,
+                                         S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, getuid(), getgid());
+        if (!file_ok || (file.compare(setId) == 0)) {
+            setId = NULL;
+        }
+    }
 
     if (hasSetLogFormat == 0) {
         const char* logFormat = getenv("ANDROID_PRINTF_LOG");
@@ -1034,34 +1051,33 @@
             continue;
         }
 
-        if (clearLog) {
+        if (clearLog || setId) {
             if (g_outputFileName) {
                 int maxRotationCountDigits =
                     (g_maxRotatedLogs > 0) ? (int) (floor(log10(g_maxRotatedLogs) + 1)) : 0;
 
                 for (int i = g_maxRotatedLogs ; i >= 0 ; --i) {
-                    char *file;
+                    std::string file;
 
                     if (i == 0) {
-                        asprintf(&file, "%s", g_outputFileName);
+                        file = android::base::StringPrintf("%s", g_outputFileName);
                     } else {
-                        asprintf(&file, "%s.%.*d", g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i);
+                        file = android::base::StringPrintf("%s.%.*d",
+                            g_outputFileName, maxRotationCountDigits, i);
                     }
 
-                    if (!file) {
+                    if (file.length() == 0) {
                         perror("while clearing log files");
                         clearFail = clearFail ?: dev->device;
                         break;
                     }
 
-                    err = unlink(file);
+                    err = unlink(file.c_str());
 
                     if (err < 0 && errno != ENOENT && clearFail == NULL) {
                         perror("while clearing log files");
                         clearFail = dev->device;
                     }
-
-                    free(file);
                 }
             } else if (android_logger_clear(dev->logger)) {
                 clearFail = clearFail ?: dev->device;
@@ -1177,7 +1193,6 @@
         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
     }
 
-
     if (getLogSize) {
         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
     }
@@ -1188,6 +1203,8 @@
         return EXIT_SUCCESS;
     }
 
+    setupOutputAndSchedulingPolicy((mode & ANDROID_LOG_NONBLOCK) == 0);
+
     //LOG_EVENT_INT(10, 12345);
     //LOG_EVENT_LONG(11, 0x1122334455667788LL);
     //LOG_EVENT_STRING(0, "whassup, doc?");
diff --git a/logcat/logcatd.rc b/logcat/logcatd.rc
index ce1a451..1da1942 100644
--- a/logcat/logcatd.rc
+++ b/logcat/logcatd.rc
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
     # all exec/services are called with umask(077), so no gain beyond 0700
     mkdir /data/misc/logd 0700 logd log
     # logd for write to /data/misc/logd, log group for read from pstore (-L)
-    exec - logd log -- /system/bin/logcat -L -b ${logd.logpersistd.buffer:-all} -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n ${logd.logpersistd.size:-256}
+    exec - logd log -- /system/bin/logcat -L -b ${logd.logpersistd.buffer:-all} -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n ${logd.logpersistd.size:-256} --id=${ro.build.id}
     start logcatd
 
 # stop logcatd service and clear data
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
     stop logcatd
 
 # logcatd service
-service logcatd /system/bin/logcat -b ${logd.logpersistd.buffer:-all} -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n ${logd.logpersistd.size:-256}
+service logcatd /system/bin/logcat -b ${logd.logpersistd.buffer:-all} -v threadtime -v usec -v printable -D -f /data/misc/logd/logcat -r 1024 -n ${logd.logpersistd.size:-256} --id=${ro.build.id}
     class late_start
     disabled
     # logd for write to /data/misc/logd, log group for read from log daemon
diff --git a/logcat/logpersist b/logcat/logpersist
index f0e7d42..c09b6b2 100755
--- a/logcat/logpersist
+++ b/logcat/logpersist
@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@
    ;;
 esac
 
+log_uid=logd
 log_tag_property=persist.log.tag
-data=/data/misc/logd
+data=/data/misc/logd/logcat
 service=logcatd
 size_default=256
 buffer_default=all
@@ -74,11 +75,12 @@
   if [ -n "${size}${buffer}" -o "true" = "${clear}" ]; then
     echo WARNING: Can not use --clear, --size or --buffer with ${progname%.*}.cat >&2
   fi
-  su logd ls "${data}" |
+  su ${log_uid} ls "${data%/*}" |
   tr -d '\r' |
   sort -ru |
-  sed "s#^#${data}/#" |
-  su logd xargs cat
+  sed "s#^#${data%/*}/#" |
+  grep "${data}[.]*[0-9]*\$" |
+  su ${log_uid} xargs cat
   ;;
 *.start)
   current_buffer="`getprop ${property#persist.}.buffer`"
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@
   sleep 1
   getprop ${property#persist.}
   # also generate an error return code if not found running
-  pgrep -u ${data##*/} ${service%d}
+  pgrep -u ${log_uid} ${service%d}
   ;;
 *.stop)
   if [ -n "${size}${buffer}" ]; then
@@ -171,6 +173,6 @@
 
 if [ X"${log_tag}" != X"`getprop ${log_tag_property}`" ] ||
    [ X"${logd_logpersistd}" != X"`getprop ${property}`" ]; then
-  echo "WARNING: killing Settings" >&2
+  echo "WARNING: killing Settings application to pull in new values" >&2
   am force-stop com.android.settings
 fi
diff --git a/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp b/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp
index 0043d1b..3daee13 100644
--- a/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp
+++ b/logcat/tests/logcat_test.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 
@@ -848,6 +849,75 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(system(command));
 }
 
+static int logrotate_count_id(const char *logcat_cmd, const char *tmp_out_dir) {
+
+    static const char log_filename[] = "log.txt";
+    char command[strlen(tmp_out_dir) + strlen(logcat_cmd) + strlen(log_filename) + 32];
+
+    snprintf(command, sizeof(command), logcat_cmd, tmp_out_dir, log_filename);
+
+    int ret;
+    EXPECT_FALSE((ret = system(command)));
+    if (ret) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(tmp_out_dir), closedir);
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, dir);
+    if (!dir) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    struct dirent *entry;
+    int count = 0;
+    while ((entry = readdir(dir.get()))) {
+        if (strncmp(entry->d_name, log_filename, sizeof(log_filename) - 1)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        ++count;
+    }
+    return count;
+}
+
+TEST(logcat, logrotate_id) {
+    static const char logcat_cmd[] = "logcat -b all -d -f %s/%s -n 32 -r 1 --id=test";
+    static const char logcat_short_cmd[] = "logcat -b all -t 10 -f %s/%s -n 32 -r 1 --id=test";
+    static const char tmp_out_dir_form[] = "/data/local/tmp/logcat.logrotate.XXXXXX";
+    static const char log_filename[] = "log.txt";
+    char tmp_out_dir[strlen(tmp_out_dir_form) + 1];
+    ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != mkdtemp(strcpy(tmp_out_dir, tmp_out_dir_form)));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(34, logrotate_count_id(logcat_cmd, tmp_out_dir));
+    EXPECT_EQ(34, logrotate_count_id(logcat_short_cmd, tmp_out_dir));
+
+    char id_file[strlen(tmp_out_dir_form) + strlen(log_filename) + 5];
+    snprintf(id_file, sizeof(id_file), "%s/%s.id", tmp_out_dir, log_filename);
+    if (getuid() != 0) {
+        chmod(id_file, 0);
+        EXPECT_EQ(34, logrotate_count_id(logcat_short_cmd, tmp_out_dir));
+    }
+    unlink(id_file);
+    EXPECT_EQ(34, logrotate_count_id(logcat_short_cmd, tmp_out_dir));
+
+    FILE *fp = fopen(id_file, "w");
+    if (fp) {
+        fprintf(fp, "not_a_test");
+        fclose(fp);
+    }
+    if (getuid() != 0) {
+        chmod(id_file, 0); // API to preserve content even with signature change
+        ASSERT_EQ(34, logrotate_count_id(logcat_short_cmd, tmp_out_dir));
+        chmod(id_file, 0600);
+    }
+
+    int new_signature;
+    EXPECT_LE(2, (new_signature = logrotate_count_id(logcat_short_cmd, tmp_out_dir)));
+    EXPECT_GT(34, new_signature);
+
+    static const char cleanup_cmd[] = "rm -rf %s";
+    char command[strlen(cleanup_cmd) + strlen(tmp_out_dir_form)];
+    snprintf(command, sizeof(command), cleanup_cmd, tmp_out_dir);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(system(command));
+}
+
 TEST(logcat, logrotate_nodir) {
     // expect logcat to error out on writing content and exit(1) for nodir
     EXPECT_EQ(W_EXITCODE(1, 0),
diff --git a/logd/LogKlog.cpp b/logd/LogKlog.cpp
index ac2b128..0495463 100644
--- a/logd/LogKlog.cpp
+++ b/logd/LogKlog.cpp
@@ -605,126 +605,124 @@
     const char *tag = "";
     const char *etag = tag;
     size_t taglen = len - (p - buf);
-    if (!isspace(*p) && *p) {
-        const char *bt, *et, *cp;
+    const char *bt = p;
 
-        bt = p;
-        if ((taglen >= 6) && !fast<strncmp>(p, "[INFO]", 6)) {
-            // <PRI>[<TIME>] "[INFO]"<tag> ":" message
-            bt = p + 6;
-            taglen -= 6;
-        }
-        for(et = bt; taglen && *et && (*et != ':') && !isspace(*et); ++et, --taglen) {
-           // skip ':' within [ ... ]
-           if (*et == '[') {
-               while (taglen && *et && *et != ']') {
-                   ++et;
-                   --taglen;
-               }
-            }
-        }
-        for(cp = et; taglen && isspace(*cp); ++cp, --taglen);
-        size_t size;
+    static const char infoBrace[] = "[INFO]";
+    static const size_t infoBraceLen = strlen(infoBrace);
+    if ((taglen >= infoBraceLen) && !fast<strncmp>(p, infoBrace, infoBraceLen)) {
+        // <PRI>[<TIME>] "[INFO]"<tag> ":" message
+        bt = p + infoBraceLen;
+        taglen -= infoBraceLen;
+    }
 
+    const char *et;
+    for (et = bt; taglen && *et && (*et != ':') && !isspace(*et); ++et, --taglen) {
+       // skip ':' within [ ... ]
+       if (*et == '[') {
+           while (taglen && *et && *et != ']') {
+               ++et;
+               --taglen;
+           }
+           if (!taglen) {
+               break;
+           }
+       }
+    }
+    const char *cp;
+    for (cp = et; taglen && isspace(*cp); ++cp, --taglen);
+
+    // Validate tag
+    size_t size = et - bt;
+    if (taglen && size) {
         if (*cp == ':') {
+            // ToDo: handle case insensitive colon separated logging stutter:
+            //       <tag> : <tag>: ...
+
             // One Word
             tag = bt;
             etag = et;
             p = cp + 1;
-        } else if (taglen) {
-            size = et - bt;
-            if ((taglen > size) &&   // enough space for match plus trailing :
-                    (*bt == *cp) &&  // ubber fast<strncmp> pair
-                    fast<strncmp>(bt + 1, cp + 1, size - 1)) {
-                // <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag>_host '<tag>.<num>' : message
-                if (!fast<strncmp>(bt + size - 5, "_host", 5)
-                        && !fast<strncmp>(bt + 1, cp + 1, size - 6)) {
+        } else if ((taglen > size) && (tolower(*bt) == tolower(*cp))) {
+            // clean up any tag stutter
+            if (!fast<strncasecmp>(bt + 1, cp + 1, size - 1)) { // no match
+                // <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag> <tag> : message
+                // <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag> <tag>: message
+                // <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag> '<tag>.<num>' : message
+                // <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag> '<tag><num>' : message
+                // <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag> '<tag><stuff>' : message
+                const char *b = cp;
+                cp += size;
+                taglen -= size;
+                while (--taglen && !isspace(*++cp) && (*cp != ':'));
+                const char *e;
+                for (e = cp; taglen && isspace(*cp); ++cp, --taglen);
+                if (taglen && (*cp == ':')) {
+                    tag = b;
+                    etag = e;
+                    p = cp + 1;
+                }
+            } else {
+                // what about <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag>_host '<tag><stuff>' : message
+                static const char host[] = "_host";
+                static const size_t hostlen = strlen(host);
+                if ((size > hostlen) &&
+                        !fast<strncmp>(bt + size - hostlen, host, hostlen) &&
+                        !fast<strncmp>(bt + 1, cp + 1, size - hostlen - 1)) {
                     const char *b = cp;
-                    cp += size - 5;
-                    taglen -= size - 5;
+                    cp += size - hostlen;
+                    taglen -= size - hostlen;
                     if (*cp == '.') {
                         while (--taglen && !isspace(*++cp) && (*cp != ':'));
                         const char *e;
-                        for(e = cp; taglen && isspace(*cp); ++cp, --taglen);
-                        if (*cp == ':') {
+                        for (e = cp; taglen && isspace(*cp); ++cp, --taglen);
+                        if (taglen && (*cp == ':')) {
                             tag = b;
                             etag = e;
                             p = cp + 1;
                         }
                     }
                 } else {
-                    while (--taglen && !isspace(*++cp) && (*cp != ':'));
-                    const char *e;
-                    for(e = cp; taglen && isspace(*cp); ++cp, --taglen);
-                    // Two words
-                    if (*cp == ':') {
-                        tag = bt;
-                        etag = e;
-                        p = cp + 1;
-                    }
-                }
-            } else if (isspace(cp[size])) {
-                cp += size;
-                taglen -= size;
-                while (--taglen && isspace(*++cp));
-                // <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag> <tag> : message
-                if (*cp == ':') {
-                    tag = bt;
-                    etag = et;
-                    p = cp + 1;
-                }
-            } else if (cp[size] == ':') {
-                // <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag> <tag> : message
-                tag = bt;
-                etag = et;
-                p = cp + size + 1;
-            } else if ((cp[size] == '.') || isdigit(cp[size])) {
-                // <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag> '<tag>.<num>' : message
-                // <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag> '<tag><num>' : message
-                const char *b = cp;
-                cp += size;
-                taglen -= size;
-                while (--taglen && !isspace(*++cp) && (*cp != ':'));
-                const char *e = cp;
-                while (taglen && isspace(*cp)) {
-                    ++cp;
-                    --taglen;
-                }
-                if (*cp == ':') {
-                    tag = b;
-                    etag = e;
-                    p = cp + 1;
-                }
-            } else {
-                while (--taglen && !isspace(*++cp) && (*cp != ':'));
-                const char *e = cp;
-                while (taglen && isspace(*cp)) {
-                    ++cp;
-                    --taglen;
-                }
-                // Two words
-                if (*cp == ':') {
-                    tag = bt;
-                    etag = e;
-                    p = cp + 1;
+                    goto twoWord;
                 }
             }
-        } /* else no tag */
-        size = etag - tag;
-        if ((size <= 1)
-            // register names like x9
-                || ((size == 2) && (isdigit(tag[0]) || isdigit(tag[1])))
-            // register names like x18 but not driver names like en0
-                || ((size == 3) && (isdigit(tag[1]) && isdigit(tag[2])))
-            // blacklist
-                || ((size == 3) && !fast<strncmp>(tag, "CPU", 3))
-                || ((size == 7) && !fast<strncasecmp>(tag, "WARNING", 7))
-                || ((size == 5) && !fast<strncasecmp>(tag, "ERROR", 5))
-                || ((size == 4) && !fast<strncasecmp>(tag, "INFO", 4))) {
-            p = start;
-            etag = tag = "";
+        } else {
+            // <PRI>[<TIME>] <tag> <stuff>' : message
+twoWord:    while (--taglen && !isspace(*++cp) && (*cp != ':'));
+            const char *e;
+            for (e = cp; taglen && isspace(*cp); ++cp, --taglen);
+            // Two words
+            if (taglen && (*cp == ':')) {
+                tag = bt;
+                etag = e;
+                p = cp + 1;
+            }
         }
+    } // else no tag
+
+    static const char cpu[] = "CPU";
+    static const size_t cpuLen = strlen(cpu);
+    static const char warning[] = "WARNING";
+    static const size_t warningLen = strlen(warning);
+    static const char error[] = "ERROR";
+    static const size_t errorLen = strlen(error);
+    static const char info[] = "INFO";
+    static const size_t infoLen = strlen(info);
+
+    size = etag - tag;
+    if ((size <= 1)
+        // register names like x9
+            || ((size == 2) && (isdigit(tag[0]) || isdigit(tag[1])))
+        // register names like x18 but not driver names like en0
+            || ((size == 3) && (isdigit(tag[1]) && isdigit(tag[2])))
+        // blacklist
+            || ((size == cpuLen) && !fast<strncmp>(tag, cpu, cpuLen))
+            || ((size == warningLen) && !fast<strncasecmp>(tag, warning, warningLen))
+            || ((size == errorLen) && !fast<strncasecmp>(tag, error, errorLen))
+            || ((size == infoLen) && !fast<strncasecmp>(tag, info, infoLen))) {
+        p = start;
+        etag = tag = "";
     }
+
     // Suppress additional stutter in tag:
     //   eg: [143:healthd]healthd -> [143:healthd]
     taglen = etag - tag;