diff --git a/compos/tests/Android.bp b/compos/tests/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e00d7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compos/tests/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+java_test_host {
+    name: "ComposHostTestCases",
+    srcs: ["java/**/*.java"],
+    libs: [
+        "tradefed",
+        "compatibility-tradefed",
+        "compatibility-host-util",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "VirtualizationTestHelper",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    data: [
+        ":CompOSPayloadApp.signing",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/compos/tests/AndroidTest.xml b/compos/tests/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61b6d47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compos/tests/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Tests for CompOS">
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="force-root" value="true" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <!-- virtualizationservice doesn't have access to shell_data_file. Instead of giving it
+      a test-only permission, run it without selinux -->
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.DisableSELinuxTargetPreparer"/>
+
+    <test class="com.android.compatibility.common.tradefed.testtype.JarHostTest" >
+        <option name="jar" value="ComposHostTestCases.jar" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/compos/tests/java/android/compos/test/ComposTestCase.java b/compos/tests/java/android/compos/test/ComposTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..503e0f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compos/tests/java/android/compos/test/ComposTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.compos.test;
+
+import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.RootPermissionTest;
+import android.virt.test.CommandRunner;
+import android.virt.test.VirtualizationTestCaseBase;
+
+import com.android.compatibility.common.util.PollingCheck;
+import com.android.tradefed.device.DeviceNotAvailableException;
+import com.android.tradefed.testtype.DeviceJUnit4ClassRunner;
+import com.android.tradefed.util.CommandResult;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+@RootPermissionTest
+@RunWith(DeviceJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
+public final class ComposTestCase extends VirtualizationTestCaseBase {
+
+    /** Path to odrefresh on Microdroid */
+    private static final String ODREFRESH_BIN = "/apex/com.android.art/bin/odrefresh";
+
+    /** Timeout of odrefresh to finish */
+    private static final int ODREFRESH_TIMEOUT_MS = 10 * 60 * 1000; // 10 minutes
+
+    /** Wait time for compsvc to be ready on boot */
+    private static final int COMPSVC_READY_LATENCY_MS = 10 * 1000; // 10 seconds
+
+    // ExitCode expanded from art/odrefresh/include/odrefresh/odrefresh.h.
+    private static final int OKAY = 0;
+    private static final int COMPILATION_SUCCESS = 80;
+
+    private String mCid;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
+        testIfDeviceIsCapable(getDevice());
+
+        prepareVirtualizationTestSetup(getDevice());
+
+        final String apkName = "CompOSPayloadApp.apk";
+        final String packageName = "com.android.compos.payload";
+        final String configPath = "assets/vm_config.json"; // path inside the APK
+        mCid =
+                startMicrodroid(
+                        getDevice(),
+                        getBuild(),
+                        apkName,
+                        packageName,
+                        configPath,
+                        /* debug */ true);
+        adbConnectToMicrodroid(getDevice(), mCid);
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
+        if (mCid != null) {
+            shutdownMicrodroid(getDevice(), mCid);
+            mCid = null;
+        }
+
+        cleanUpVirtualizationTestSetup(getDevice());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOdrefresh() throws DeviceNotAvailableException, InterruptedException {
+        waitForServiceRunning();
+
+        CommandRunner android = new CommandRunner(getDevice());
+
+        // Expect the compilation to finish successfully.
+        CommandResult result =
+                android.runForResultWithTimeout(
+                        ODREFRESH_TIMEOUT_MS,
+                        ODREFRESH_BIN,
+                        "--use-compilation-os=" + mCid,
+                        "--force-compile");
+        assertThat(result.getExitCode(), is(COMPILATION_SUCCESS));
+
+        // Expect the output to be valid.
+        result = android.runForResultWithTimeout(ODREFRESH_TIMEOUT_MS, ODREFRESH_BIN, "--check");
+        assertThat(result.getExitCode(), is(OKAY));
+    }
+
+    private void waitForServiceRunning() {
+        try {
+            PollingCheck.waitFor(COMPSVC_READY_LATENCY_MS, () -> isServiceRunning());
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Service unavailable", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean isServiceRunning() {
+        return tryRunOnMicrodroid("pidof compsvc") != null;
+    }
+}