diff --git a/virtualizationservice/aidl/Android.bp b/virtualizationservice/aidl/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..89cfdef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/virtualizationservice/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+aidl_interface {
+    name: "android.system.virtualizationservice",
+    srcs: ["**/*.aidl"],
+    // TODO(qwandor): Consider changing this to false, unless we have a Java wrapper.
+    unstable: true,
+    backend: {
+        java: {
+            sdk_version: "module_current",
+        },
+        cpp: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
+        rust: {
+            enabled: true,
+            apex_available: ["com.android.virt"],
+        },
+    },
+}
diff --git a/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/DiskImage.aidl b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/DiskImage.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6bc747e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/DiskImage.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.system.virtualizationservice;
+
+/** A disk image to be made available to the VM. */
+parcelable DiskImage {
+    /** The disk image. */
+    ParcelFileDescriptor image;
+
+    /** Whether this disk should be writable by the VM. */
+    boolean writable;
+}
diff --git a/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/IVirtualMachine.aidl b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/IVirtualMachine.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e864414
--- /dev/null
+++ b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/IVirtualMachine.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.system.virtualizationservice;
+
+import android.system.virtualizationservice.IVirtualMachineCallback;
+
+interface IVirtualMachine {
+    /** Get the CID allocated to the VM. */
+    int getCid();
+
+    /** Returns true if the VM is still running, or false if it has exited for any reason. */
+    boolean isRunning();
+
+    /**
+     * Register a Binder object to get callbacks when the state of the VM changes, such as if it
+     * dies.
+     */
+    void registerCallback(IVirtualMachineCallback callback);
+}
diff --git a/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/IVirtualMachineCallback.aidl b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/IVirtualMachineCallback.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..10ef31b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/IVirtualMachineCallback.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.system.virtualizationservice;
+
+import android.system.virtualizationservice.IVirtualMachine;
+
+/**
+ * An object which a client may register with the VirtualizationService to get callbacks about the
+ * state of a particular VM.
+ */
+oneway interface IVirtualMachineCallback {
+    /**
+     * Called when the VM dies.
+     *
+     * Note that this will not be called if the VirtualizationService itself dies, so you should
+     * also use `link_to_death` to handle that.
+     */
+    void onDied(int cid);
+}
diff --git a/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/IVirtualizationService.aidl b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/IVirtualizationService.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7974e71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/IVirtualizationService.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.system.virtualizationservice;
+
+import android.system.virtualizationservice.IVirtualMachine;
+import android.system.virtualizationservice.VirtualMachineConfig;
+import android.system.virtualizationservice.VirtualMachineDebugInfo;
+
+interface IVirtualizationService {
+    /**
+     * Start the VM with the given config file, and return a handle to it. If `logFd` is provided
+     * then console logs from the VM will be sent to it.
+     */
+    IVirtualMachine startVm(
+            in VirtualMachineConfig config, in @nullable ParcelFileDescriptor logFd);
+
+    /**
+     * Get a list of all currently running VMs. This method is only intended for debug purposes,
+     * and as such is only permitted from the shell user.
+     */
+    VirtualMachineDebugInfo[] debugListVms();
+
+    /**
+     * Hold a strong reference to a VM in VirtualizationService. This method is only intended for
+     * debug purposes, and as such is only permitted from the shell user.
+     */
+    void debugHoldVmRef(IVirtualMachine vm);
+
+    /**
+     * Drop reference to a VM that is being held by VirtualizationService. Returns the reference if
+     * VM was found and null otherwise. This method is only intended for debug purposes, and as such
+     * is only permitted from the shell user.
+     */
+    @nullable IVirtualMachine debugDropVmRef(int cid);
+}
diff --git a/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/VirtualMachineConfig.aidl b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/VirtualMachineConfig.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ca9cc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/VirtualMachineConfig.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.system.virtualizationservice;
+
+import android.system.virtualizationservice.DiskImage;
+
+/** Configuration for running a VM. */
+parcelable VirtualMachineConfig {
+    /** The kernel image, if any. */
+    @nullable ParcelFileDescriptor kernel;
+
+    /** The initial ramdisk for the kernel, if any. */
+    @nullable ParcelFileDescriptor initrd;
+
+    /**
+     * Parameters to pass to the kernel. As far as the VMM and boot protocol are concerned this is
+     * just a string, but typically it will contain multiple parameters separated by spaces.
+     */
+    @nullable String params;
+
+    /**
+     * The bootloader to use. If this is supplied then the kernel and initrd must not be supplied;
+     * the bootloader is instead responsibly for loading the kernel from one of the disks.
+     */
+    @nullable ParcelFileDescriptor bootloader;
+
+    /** Disk images to be made available to the VM. */
+    DiskImage[] disks;
+}
diff --git a/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/VirtualMachineDebugInfo.aidl b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/VirtualMachineDebugInfo.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d20d91d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/VirtualMachineDebugInfo.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.system.virtualizationservice;
+
+/** Information about a running VM, for debug purposes only. */
+parcelable VirtualMachineDebugInfo {
+    /** The CID assigned to the VM. */
+    int cid;
+
+    /** The UID of the process which requested the VM. */
+    int requesterUid;
+
+    /** The SID of the process which requested the VM. */
+    String requesterSid;
+
+    /**
+     * The PID of the process which requested the VM. Note that this process may no longer exist and
+     * the PID may have been reused for a different process, so this should not be trusted.
+     */
+    int requesterPid;
+
+    /** Whether the VM is still running. */
+    boolean running;
+}