Merge "Prevent removing instance when changing DebugLevel" into main
diff --git a/docs/vm_remote_attestation.md b/docs/vm_remote_attestation.md
index 093418b..ddb7adf 100644
--- a/docs/vm_remote_attestation.md
+++ b/docs/vm_remote_attestation.md
@@ -1,3 +1,98 @@
 # VM Remote Attestation
 
-(To be filled)
+## Introduction
+
+In today's digital landscape, where security threats are ever-evolving, ensuring
+the authenticity and integrity of VMs is paramount. This is particularly crucial
+for sensitive applications, such as those running machine learning models, where
+guaranteeing a trusted and secure execution environment is essential.
+
+VM remote attestation provides a powerful mechanism for *protected VMs* (pVMs)
+to prove their trustworthiness to a third party. This process allows a pVM to
+demonstrate that:
+
+-   All its components, including firmware, operating system, and software, are
+    valid and have not been tampered with.
+-   It is running on a valid device trusted by the
+    [Remote Key Provisioning][rkp] (RKP) backend, such as Google.
+
+[rkp]: https://source.android.com/docs/core/ota/modular-system/remote-key-provisioning
+
+## Design
+
+The process of pVM remote attestation involves the use of a lightweight
+intermediate VM known as the [RKP VM][rkpvm]. It allows us to divide the
+attestation process into two parts:
+
+1.  Attesting the RKP VM against the RKP server.
+2.  Attesting the pVM against the RKP VM.
+
+[rkpvm]: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/main/service_vm/README.md
+
+### RKP VM attestation
+
+The RKP VM is recognized and attested by the RKP server, which acts as a trusted
+entity responsible for verifying the [DICE chain][open-dice] of the RKP VM. This
+verification ensures that the RKP VM is operating on a genuine device.
+Additionally, the RKP VM is validated by the pVM Firmware, as part of the
+verified boot process.
+
+[open-dice]: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/open-dice/+/main/docs/android.md
+
+### pVM attestation
+
+Once the RKP VM is successfully attested, it acts as a trusted platform to
+attest pVMs. Leveraging its trusted status, the RKP VM validates the integrity
+of each pVM's DICE chain by comparing it against its own DICE chain. This
+validation process ensures that the pVMs are running in the expected VM
+environment and certifies the payload executed within each pVM. Currently, only
+Microdroid VMs are supported.
+
+## API
+
+To request remote attestation of a pVM, the [VM Payload API][api]
+`AVmPayload_requestAttestation(challenge)` can be invoked within the pVM
+payload.
+
+For detailed information and usage examples, please refer to the
+[demo app][demo].
+
+[api]: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/main/vm_payload/README.md
+[demo]: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/main/service_vm/demo_apk
+
+## Output
+
+Upon successful completion of the attestation process, a pVM receives an
+RKP-backed certificate chain and an attested private key that is exclusively
+known to the pVM. This certificate chain includes a leaf certificate covering
+the attested public key. Notably, the leaf certificate features a new extension
+with the OID `1.3.6.1.4.1.11129.2.1.29.1`, specifically designed to describe the
+pVM payload for third-party verification.
+
+The extension format is as follows:
+
+```
+AttestationExtension ::= SEQUENCE {
+    attestationChallenge       OCTET_STRING,
+    isVmSecure                 BOOLEAN,
+    vmComponents               SEQUENCE OF VmComponent,
+}
+
+VmComponent ::= SEQUENCE {
+    name               UTF8String,
+    securityVersion    INTEGER,
+    codeHash           OCTET STRING,
+    authorityHash      OCTET STRING,
+}
+```
+
+In `AttestationExtension`:
+
+-   The `attestationChallenge` field represents a challenge provided by the
+    third party. It is passed to `AVmPayload_requestAttestation()` to ensure
+    the freshness of the certificate.
+-   The `isVmSecure` field indicates whether the attested pVM is secure. It is
+    set to true only when all the DICE certificates in the pVM DICE chain are in
+    normal mode.
+-   The `vmComponents` field contains a list of all the APKs and apexes loaded
+    by the pVM.
diff --git a/java/framework/README.md b/java/framework/README.md
index bbcd0ef..61ba096 100644
--- a/java/framework/README.md
+++ b/java/framework/README.md
@@ -11,13 +11,17 @@
 The API classes are all in the
 [`android.system.virtualmachine`](src/android/system/virtualmachine) package.
 
-Note that these APIs are all `@SystemApi` and require the restricted
-`android.permission.MANAGE_VIRTUAL_MACHINE` permission, so they are not
-available to third party apps.
-
 All of these APIs were introduced in API level 34 (Android 14). The classes may
 not exist in devices running an earlier version.
 
+Note that they are all `@SystemApi` and require the restricted
+`android.permission.MANAGE_VIRTUAL_MACHINE` permission, so they are not
+available to third party apps. In Android 14 the permission was available only to
+privileged apps; in Android 15 it is available to all preinstalled apps. On both
+versions it can also be granted to other apps via `adb shell pm grant` for
+development purposes.
+
+
 ## Detecting AVF Support
 
 The simplest way to detect whether a device has support for AVF is to retrieve
diff --git a/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachine.java b/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachine.java
index d746c7c..cc126eb 100644
--- a/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachine.java
+++ b/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachine.java
@@ -431,11 +431,6 @@
                 VirtualMachineConfig config = VirtualMachineConfig.from(vmDescriptor.getConfigFd());
                 vm = new VirtualMachine(context, name, config, VirtualizationService.getInstance());
                 config.serialize(vm.mConfigFilePath);
-                if (vm.mInstanceIdPath != null) {
-                    vm.importInstanceIdFrom(vmDescriptor.getInstanceIdFd());
-                    vm.claimInstance();
-                }
-
                 try {
                     vm.mInstanceFilePath.createNewFile();
                 } catch (IOException e) {
@@ -452,12 +447,16 @@
                     }
                     vm.importEncryptedStoreFrom(vmDescriptor.getEncryptedStoreFd());
                 }
+                if (vm.mInstanceIdPath != null) {
+                    vm.importInstanceIdFrom(vmDescriptor.getInstanceIdFd());
+                    vm.claimInstance();
+                }
             }
             return vm;
         } catch (VirtualMachineException | RuntimeException e) {
             // If anything goes wrong, delete any files created so far and the VM's directory
             try {
-                vmInstanceCleanup(context, name);
+                deleteRecursively(vmDir);
             } catch (Exception innerException) {
                 e.addSuppressed(innerException);
             }
diff --git a/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachineConfig.java b/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachineConfig.java
index be80db8..a8f318c 100644
--- a/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachineConfig.java
+++ b/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachineConfig.java
@@ -641,6 +641,10 @@
             config.disks[i].partitions = new Partition[0];
         }
 
+        config.displayConfig =
+                Optional.ofNullable(customImageConfig.getDisplayConfig())
+                        .map(dc -> dc.toParcelable())
+                        .orElse(null);
         config.protectedVm = this.mProtectedVm;
         config.memoryMib = bytesToMebiBytes(mMemoryBytes);
         config.cpuTopology = (byte) this.mCpuTopology;
diff --git a/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachineCustomImageConfig.java b/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachineCustomImageConfig.java
index 7a4f564..89df1f2 100644
--- a/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachineCustomImageConfig.java
+++ b/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachineCustomImageConfig.java
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
 
 /** @hide */
 public class VirtualMachineCustomImageConfig {
@@ -32,12 +33,15 @@
     private static final String KEY_PARAMS = "params";
     private static final String KEY_DISK_WRITABLES = "disk_writables";
     private static final String KEY_DISK_IMAGES = "disk_images";
+    private static final String KEY_DISPLAY_CONFIG = "display_config";
+
     @Nullable private final String name;
     @NonNull private final String kernelPath;
     @Nullable private final String initrdPath;
     @Nullable private final String bootloaderPath;
     @Nullable private final String[] params;
     @Nullable private final Disk[] disks;
+    @Nullable private final DisplayConfig displayConfig;
 
     @Nullable
     public Disk[] getDisks() {
@@ -76,13 +80,15 @@
             String initrdPath,
             String bootloaderPath,
             String[] params,
-            Disk[] disks) {
+            Disk[] disks,
+            DisplayConfig displayConfig) {
         this.name = name;
         this.kernelPath = kernelPath;
         this.initrdPath = initrdPath;
         this.bootloaderPath = bootloaderPath;
         this.params = params;
         this.disks = disks;
+        this.displayConfig = displayConfig;
     }
 
     static VirtualMachineCustomImageConfig from(PersistableBundle customImageConfigBundle) {
@@ -107,9 +113,15 @@
                 }
             }
         }
+        PersistableBundle displayConfigPb =
+                customImageConfigBundle.getPersistableBundle(KEY_DISPLAY_CONFIG);
+        builder.setDisplayConfig(DisplayConfig.from(displayConfigPb));
+
         return builder.build();
     }
 
+
+
     PersistableBundle toPersistableBundle() {
         PersistableBundle pb = new PersistableBundle();
         pb.putString(KEY_NAME, this.name);
@@ -128,9 +140,19 @@
             pb.putBooleanArray(KEY_DISK_WRITABLES, writables);
             pb.putStringArray(KEY_DISK_IMAGES, images);
         }
+        pb.putPersistableBundle(
+                KEY_DISPLAY_CONFIG,
+                Optional.ofNullable(displayConfig)
+                        .map(dc -> dc.toPersistableBundle())
+                        .orElse(null));
         return pb;
     }
 
+    @Nullable
+    public DisplayConfig getDisplayConfig() {
+        return displayConfig;
+    }
+
     /** @hide */
     public static final class Disk {
         private final boolean writable;
@@ -170,6 +192,7 @@
         private String bootloaderPath;
         private List<String> params = new ArrayList<>();
         private List<Disk> disks = new ArrayList<>();
+        private DisplayConfig displayConfig;
 
         /** @hide */
         public Builder() {}
@@ -211,6 +234,12 @@
         }
 
         /** @hide */
+        public Builder setDisplayConfig(DisplayConfig displayConfig) {
+            this.displayConfig = displayConfig;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** @hide */
         public VirtualMachineCustomImageConfig build() {
             return new VirtualMachineCustomImageConfig(
                     this.name,
@@ -218,7 +247,142 @@
                     this.initrdPath,
                     this.bootloaderPath,
                     this.params.toArray(new String[0]),
-                    this.disks.toArray(new Disk[0]));
+                    this.disks.toArray(new Disk[0]),
+                    displayConfig);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** @hide */
+    public static final class DisplayConfig {
+        private static final String KEY_WIDTH = "width";
+        private static final String KEY_HEIGHT = "height";
+        private static final String KEY_HORIZONTAL_DPI = "horizontal_dpi";
+        private static final String KEY_VERTICAL_DPI = "vertical_dpi";
+        private static final String KEY_REFRESH_RATE = "refresh_rate";
+        private final int width;
+        private final int height;
+        private final int horizontalDpi;
+        private final int verticalDpi;
+        private final int refreshRate;
+
+        private DisplayConfig(
+                int width, int height, int horizontalDpi, int verticalDpi, int refreshRate) {
+            this.width = width;
+            this.height = height;
+            this.horizontalDpi = horizontalDpi;
+            this.verticalDpi = verticalDpi;
+            this.refreshRate = refreshRate;
+        }
+
+        /** @hide */
+        public int getWidth() {
+            return width;
+        }
+
+        /** @hide */
+        public int getHeight() {
+            return height;
+        }
+
+        /** @hide */
+        public int getHorizontalDpi() {
+            return horizontalDpi;
+        }
+
+        /** @hide */
+        public int getVerticalDpi() {
+            return verticalDpi;
+        }
+
+        /** @hide */
+        public int getRefreshRate() {
+            return refreshRate;
+        }
+
+        android.system.virtualizationservice.DisplayConfig toParcelable() {
+            android.system.virtualizationservice.DisplayConfig parcelable =
+                    new android.system.virtualizationservice.DisplayConfig();
+            parcelable.width = this.width;
+            parcelable.height = this.height;
+            parcelable.horizontalDpi = this.horizontalDpi;
+            parcelable.verticalDpi = this.verticalDpi;
+            parcelable.refreshRate = this.refreshRate;
+
+            return parcelable;
+        }
+
+        private static DisplayConfig from(PersistableBundle pb) {
+            if (pb == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            Builder builder = new Builder();
+            builder.setWidth(pb.getInt(KEY_WIDTH));
+            builder.setHeight(pb.getInt(KEY_HEIGHT));
+            builder.setHorizontalDpi(pb.getInt(KEY_HORIZONTAL_DPI));
+            builder.setVerticalDpi(pb.getInt(KEY_VERTICAL_DPI));
+            builder.setRefreshRate(pb.getInt(KEY_REFRESH_RATE));
+            return builder.build();
+        }
+
+        private PersistableBundle toPersistableBundle() {
+            PersistableBundle pb = new PersistableBundle();
+            pb.putInt(KEY_WIDTH, this.width);
+            pb.putInt(KEY_HEIGHT, this.height);
+            pb.putInt(KEY_HORIZONTAL_DPI, this.horizontalDpi);
+            pb.putInt(KEY_VERTICAL_DPI, this.verticalDpi);
+            pb.putInt(KEY_REFRESH_RATE, this.refreshRate);
+            return pb;
+        }
+
+        /** @hide */
+        public static class Builder {
+            // Default values come from external/crosvm/vm_control/src/gpu.rs
+            private int width;
+            private int height;
+            private int horizontalDpi = 320;
+            private int verticalDpi = 320;
+            private int refreshRate = 60;
+
+            /** @hide */
+            public Builder() {}
+
+            /** @hide */
+            public Builder setWidth(int width) {
+                this.width = width;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /** @hide */
+            public Builder setHeight(int height) {
+                this.height = height;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /** @hide */
+            public Builder setHorizontalDpi(int horizontalDpi) {
+                this.horizontalDpi = horizontalDpi;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /** @hide */
+            public Builder setVerticalDpi(int verticalDpi) {
+                this.verticalDpi = verticalDpi;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /** @hide */
+            public Builder setRefreshRate(int refreshRate) {
+                this.refreshRate = refreshRate;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /** @hide */
+            public DisplayConfig build() {
+                if (this.width == 0 || this.height == 0) {
+                    throw new IllegalStateException("width and height must be specified");
+                }
+                return new DisplayConfig(width, height, horizontalDpi, verticalDpi, refreshRate);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/libs/dice/driver/src/lib.rs b/libs/dice/driver/src/lib.rs
index 79edb51..b5c1f12 100644
--- a/libs/dice/driver/src/lib.rs
+++ b/libs/dice/driver/src/lib.rs
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@
 
     /// Creates a new dice driver from the given driver_path.
     pub fn new(driver_path: &Path, is_strict_boot: bool) -> Result<Self> {
+        log::info!("Creating DiceDriver backed by {driver_path:?} driver");
         if driver_path.exists() {
             log::info!("Using DICE values from driver");
         } else if is_strict_boot {
@@ -107,6 +108,7 @@
 
     /// Create a new dice driver that reads dice_artifacts from the given file.
     pub fn from_file(file_path: &Path) -> Result<Self> {
+        log::info!("Creating DiceDriver backed by {file_path:?} file");
         let file =
             fs::File::open(file_path).map_err(|error| Error::new(error).context("open file"))?;
         let dice_artifacts = serde_cbor::from_reader(file)
@@ -149,11 +151,18 @@
             &input_values,
         )
         .context("DICE derive from driver")?;
-        if let Self::Real { driver_path, .. } = &self {
-            // Writing to the device wipes the artifacts. The string is ignored by the driver but
-            // included for documentation.
-            fs::write(driver_path, "wipe")
-                .map_err(|err| Error::new(err).context("Wiping driver"))?;
+        match &self {
+            Self::Real { driver_path, .. } => {
+                // Writing to the device wipes the artifacts. The string is ignored by the driver
+                // but included for documentation.
+                fs::write(driver_path, "wipe")
+                    .map_err(|err| Error::new(err).context("Wiping driver"))?;
+            }
+            Self::FromFile { file_path, .. } => {
+                fs::remove_file(file_path)
+                    .map_err(|err| Error::new(err).context("Deleting file"))?;
+            }
+            Self::Fake { .. } => (),
         }
         Ok(next_dice_artifacts)
     }
@@ -176,6 +185,11 @@
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use core::ffi::CStr;
+    use diced_open_dice::{
+        hash, retry_bcc_format_config_descriptor, DiceConfigValues, HIDDEN_SIZE,
+    };
+    use std::fs::File;
 
     fn assert_eq_bytes(expected: &[u8], actual: &[u8]) {
         assert_eq!(
@@ -204,4 +218,34 @@
 
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_dice_driver_from_file_deletes_file_after_derive() -> Result<()> {
+        let tmp_dir = tempfile::tempdir()?;
+
+        let file_path = tmp_dir.path().join("test-dice-chain.raw");
+
+        {
+            let dice_artifacts = diced_sample_inputs::make_sample_bcc_and_cdis()?;
+            let file = File::create(&file_path)?;
+            serde_cbor::to_writer(file, &dice_artifacts)?;
+        }
+
+        let dice = DiceDriver::from_file(&file_path)?;
+
+        let values = DiceConfigValues {
+            component_name: Some(CStr::from_bytes_with_nul(b"test\0")?),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let desc = retry_bcc_format_config_descriptor(&values)?;
+        let code_hash = hash(&String::from("test code hash").into_bytes())?;
+        let authority_hash = hash(&String::from("test authority hash").into_bytes())?;
+        let hidden = [0; HIDDEN_SIZE];
+
+        let _ = dice.derive(code_hash, &desc, authority_hash, false, hidden)?;
+
+        assert!(!file_path.exists());
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }
diff --git a/libs/vbmeta/Android.bp b/libs/vbmeta/Android.bp
index 4fb6ae4..9a7375d 100644
--- a/libs/vbmeta/Android.bp
+++ b/libs/vbmeta/Android.bp
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@
         ":avb_testkey_rsa2048",
         ":avb_testkey_rsa4096",
         ":avb_testkey_rsa8192",
+        ":test_microdroid_vendor_image",
+        ":test_microdroid_vendor_image_no_rollback_index",
     ],
     required: ["avbtool"],
     test_suites: ["general-tests"],
diff --git a/libs/vbmeta/src/lib.rs b/libs/vbmeta/src/lib.rs
index 1a40e45..a15f699 100644
--- a/libs/vbmeta/src/lib.rs
+++ b/libs/vbmeta/src/lib.rs
@@ -148,6 +148,11 @@
         Descriptors::from_image(&self.data)
     }
 
+    /// Returns the rollback_index of the VBMeta image.
+    pub fn rollback_index(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.header.rollback_index
+    }
+
     /// Get the raw VBMeta image.
     pub fn data(&self) -> &[u8] {
         &self.data
@@ -283,4 +288,19 @@
     fn test_rsa8192_signed_image() -> Result<()> {
         signed_image_has_valid_vbmeta("SHA256_RSA8192", "data/testkey_rsa8192.pem")
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_rollback_index() -> Result<()> {
+        let vbmeta = VbMetaImage::verify_path("test_microdroid_vendor_image.img")?;
+        assert_eq!(5, vbmeta.rollback_index());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_rollback_index_default_zero() -> Result<()> {
+        let vbmeta =
+            VbMetaImage::verify_path("test_microdroid_vendor_image_no_rollback_index.img")?;
+        assert_eq!(0, vbmeta.rollback_index());
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }
diff --git a/microdroid/Android.bp b/microdroid/Android.bp
index 169ecae..33d98dc 100644
--- a/microdroid/Android.bp
+++ b/microdroid/Android.bp
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
     properties: [
         "deps",
         "dirs",
+        "multilib",
     ],
 }
 
@@ -157,9 +158,11 @@
     // Below are dependencies that are conditionally enabled depending on value of build flags.
     soong_config_variables: {
         release_avf_enable_dice_changes: {
-            deps: [
-                "derive_microdroid_vendor_dice_node",
-            ],
+            multilib: {
+                lib64: {
+                    deps: ["derive_microdroid_vendor_dice_node"],
+                },
+            },
             dirs: [
                 "microdroid_resources",
             ],
diff --git a/microdroid/README.md b/microdroid/README.md
index 6e7b20c..c0cba97 100644
--- a/microdroid/README.md
+++ b/microdroid/README.md
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 ## Building an app
 
 A [vm
-payload](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/master/vm_payload/)
+payload](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/main/vm_payload/)
 is a shared library file that gets executed in microdroid. It is packaged as
 part of an Android application.  The library should have an entry point
 `AVmPayload_main` as shown below:
@@ -132,12 +132,12 @@
 ### Using the APIs
 
 Use the [Android Virtualization Framework Java
-APIs](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/master/javalib/api/system-current.txt)
-in your app to create a microdroid VM and run payload in it. The APIs currently
-are @SystemApi, thus available only to privileged apps.
+APIs](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/main/java/framework/README.md)
+in your app to create a microdroid VM and run payload in it. The APIs are currently
+@SystemApi, and only available to preinstalled apps.
 
 If you are looking for an example usage of the APIs, you may refer to the [demo
-app](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/master/demo/).
+app](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/main/demo/).
 
 
 ## Running Microdroid with vendor image
diff --git a/microdroid/derive_microdroid_vendor_dice_node/Android.bp b/microdroid/derive_microdroid_vendor_dice_node/Android.bp
index de1bef7..8b79aad 100644
--- a/microdroid/derive_microdroid_vendor_dice_node/Android.bp
+++ b/microdroid/derive_microdroid_vendor_dice_node/Android.bp
@@ -10,9 +10,20 @@
     rustlibs: [
         "libanyhow",
         "libclap",
+        "libcstr",
+        "libdice_driver",
+        "libdiced_open_dice",
+        "libdm_rust",
+        "libserde_cbor",
+        "libvbmeta_rust",
     ],
     bootstrap: true,
     prefer_rlib: true,
+    multilib: {
+        lib32: {
+            enabled: false,
+        },
+    },
 }
 
 rust_binary {
diff --git a/microdroid/derive_microdroid_vendor_dice_node/src/main.rs b/microdroid/derive_microdroid_vendor_dice_node/src/main.rs
index 1d5db0d..c7bc3f5 100644
--- a/microdroid/derive_microdroid_vendor_dice_node/src/main.rs
+++ b/microdroid/derive_microdroid_vendor_dice_node/src/main.rs
@@ -14,9 +14,19 @@
 
 //! Derives microdroid vendor dice node.
 
-use anyhow::Error;
+use anyhow::{bail, Context, Result};
 use clap::Parser;
-use std::path::PathBuf;
+use cstr::cstr;
+use dice_driver::DiceDriver;
+use diced_open_dice::{
+    hash, retry_bcc_format_config_descriptor, DiceConfigValues, OwnedDiceArtifacts, HIDDEN_SIZE,
+};
+use dm::util::blkgetsize64;
+use std::fs::{read_link, File};
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use vbmeta::VbMetaImage;
+
+const AVF_STRICT_BOOT: &str = "/proc/device-tree/chosen/avf,strict-boot";
 
 #[derive(Parser)]
 struct Args {
@@ -31,8 +41,74 @@
     output: PathBuf,
 }
 
-fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
+// TODO(ioffe): move to a library to reuse same code here, in microdroid_manager and in
+// first_stage_init.
+fn is_strict_boot() -> bool {
+    Path::new(AVF_STRICT_BOOT).exists()
+}
+
+fn build_descriptor(vbmeta: &VbMetaImage) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
+    let values = DiceConfigValues {
+        component_name: Some(cstr!("Microdroid vendor")),
+        security_version: Some(vbmeta.rollback_index()),
+        ..Default::default()
+    };
+    Ok(retry_bcc_format_config_descriptor(&values)?)
+}
+
+// TODO(ioffe): move to libvbmeta.
+fn find_root_digest(vbmeta: &VbMetaImage) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>> {
+    for descriptor in vbmeta.descriptors()?.iter() {
+        if let vbmeta::Descriptor::Hashtree(_) = descriptor {
+            return Ok(Some(descriptor.to_hashtree()?.root_digest().to_vec()));
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(None)
+}
+
+fn dice_derivation(dice: DiceDriver, vbmeta: &VbMetaImage) -> Result<OwnedDiceArtifacts> {
+    let authority_hash = if let Some(pubkey) = vbmeta.public_key() {
+        hash(pubkey).context("hash pubkey")?
+    } else {
+        bail!("no public key")
+    };
+    let code_hash = if let Some(root_digest) = find_root_digest(vbmeta)? {
+        hash(root_digest.as_ref()).context("hash root_digest")?
+    } else {
+        bail!("no hashtree")
+    };
+    let desc = build_descriptor(vbmeta).context("build descriptor")?;
+    let hidden = [0; HIDDEN_SIZE];
+    // The microdroid vendor partition doesn't contribute to the debuggability of the VM, and it is
+    // a bit tricky to propagate the info on whether the VM is debuggable to
+    // derive_microdroid_dice_node binary. Given these, we just always set `is_debuggable: false`
+    // for the "Microdroid vendor" dice node. The adjacent dice nodes (pvmfw & payload) provide the
+    // accurate information on whether VM is debuggable.
+    dice.derive(code_hash, &desc, authority_hash, /* debug= */ false, hidden)
+}
+
+fn extract_vbmeta(block_dev: &Path) -> Result<VbMetaImage> {
+    let size = blkgetsize64(block_dev).context("blkgetsize64  failed")?;
+    let file = File::open(block_dev).context("open failed")?;
+    let vbmeta = VbMetaImage::verify_reader_region(file, 0, size)?;
+    Ok(vbmeta)
+}
+
+fn try_main() -> Result<()> {
     let args = Args::parse();
-    eprintln!("{:?} {:?} {:?}", args.dice_driver, args.microdroid_vendor_disk_image, args.output);
+    let dice =
+        DiceDriver::new(&args.dice_driver, is_strict_boot()).context("Failed to load DICE")?;
+    let path = read_link(args.microdroid_vendor_disk_image).context("failed to read symlink")?;
+    let vbmeta = extract_vbmeta(&path).context("failed to extract vbmeta")?;
+    let dice_artifacts = dice_derivation(dice, &vbmeta).context("failed to derive dice chain")?;
+    let file = File::create(&args.output).context("failed to create output")?;
+    serde_cbor::to_writer(file, &dice_artifacts).context("failed to write dice artifacts")?;
     Ok(())
 }
+
+fn main() {
+    if let Err(e) = try_main() {
+        eprintln!("failed with {:?}", e);
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/microdroid/kernel/README.md b/microdroid/kernel/README.md
index 92b7cfe..52df333 100644
--- a/microdroid/kernel/README.md
+++ b/microdroid/kernel/README.md
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 ```
 
 Note that
-[`--config=fast`](https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/build/+/refs/heads/master/kleaf/docs/fast.md)
+[`--config=fast`](https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/build/+/refs/heads/main/kleaf/docs/fast.md)
 is not mandatory, but will make your build much faster.
 
 The build may fail in case you are doing an incremental build and the config has changed (b/257288175). Until that issue
diff --git a/microdroid_manager/src/main.rs b/microdroid_manager/src/main.rs
index 2386bd4..7da9ea4 100644
--- a/microdroid_manager/src/main.rs
+++ b/microdroid_manager/src/main.rs
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 use log::{error, info};
 use microdroid_metadata::{Metadata, PayloadMetadata};
 use microdroid_payload_config::{ApkConfig, OsConfig, Task, TaskType, VmPayloadConfig};
+use nix::mount::{umount2, MntFlags};
 use nix::sys::signal::Signal;
 use payload::load_metadata;
 use rpcbinder::RpcSession;
@@ -86,6 +87,8 @@
 const ENCRYPTEDSTORE_BACKING_DEVICE: &str = "/dev/block/by-name/encryptedstore";
 const ENCRYPTEDSTORE_KEYSIZE: usize = 32;
 
+const DICE_CHAIN_FILE: &str = "/microdroid_resources/dice_chain.raw";
+
 #[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
 enum MicrodroidError {
     #[error("Cannot connect to virtualization service: {0}")]
@@ -301,8 +304,13 @@
     vm_payload_service_fd: OwnedFd,
 ) -> Result<i32> {
     let metadata = load_metadata().context("Failed to load payload metadata")?;
-    let dice = DiceDriver::new(Path::new("/dev/open-dice0"), is_strict_boot())
-        .context("Failed to load DICE")?;
+    let dice = if Path::new(DICE_CHAIN_FILE).exists() {
+        DiceDriver::from_file(Path::new(DICE_CHAIN_FILE))
+            .context("Failed to load DICE from file")?
+    } else {
+        DiceDriver::new(Path::new("/dev/open-dice0"), is_strict_boot())
+            .context("Failed to load DICE from driver")?
+    };
 
     // Microdroid skips checking payload against instance image iff the device supports
     // secretkeeper. In that case Microdroid use VmSecret::V2, which provide protection against
@@ -328,6 +336,10 @@
 
         // Start apexd to activate APEXes. This may allow code within them to run.
         system_properties::write("ctl.start", "apexd-vm")?;
+
+        // Unmounting /microdroid_resources is a defence-in-depth effort to ensure that payload
+        // can't get hold of dice chain stored there.
+        umount2("/microdroid_resources", MntFlags::MNT_DETACH)?;
     }
 
     // Run encryptedstore binary to prepare the storage
diff --git a/service_vm/README.md b/service_vm/README.md
index 3d94f78..ca03c1d 100644
--- a/service_vm/README.md
+++ b/service_vm/README.md
@@ -18,28 +18,12 @@
 
 ## RKP VM (Remote Key Provisioning Virtual Machine)
 
-The RKP VM is a key dependency of the Service VM. It is a virtual machine that
-undergoes validation by the [RKP][rkp] Server and acts as a remotely provisioned
-component for verifying the integrity of other virtual machines.
+Currently, the Service VM only supports VM remote attestation, and in that
+context we refer to it as the RKP VM. The RKP VM undergoes validation by the
+[RKP][rkp] Server and functions as a remotely provisioned component responsible
+for verifying the integrity of other virtual machines. See
+[VM remote attestation][vm-attestation] for more details about the role of RKP
+VM in remote attestation.
 
 [rkp]: https://source.android.com/docs/core/ota/modular-system/remote-key-provisioning
-
-### RKP VM attestation
-
-The RKP VM is recognized and attested by the RKP server, which acts as a trusted
-entity responsible for verifying the DICE chain of the RKP VM. This verification
-ensures that the RKP VM is operating on a genuine device.
-Additionally, the RKP VM is validated by the pVM Firmware, as part of the
-verified boot process.
-
-### Client VM attestation
-
-Once the RKP VM is successfully attested, it assumes the role of a trusted
-platform to attest client VMs. It leverages its trusted status to validate the
-integrity of the [DICE chain][open-dice] associated with each client VM. This
-validation process verifies that the client VMs are running in the expected
-[Microdroid][microdroid] VM environment, and certifies the payload executed
-within the VM. Currently, only Microdroid VMs are supported.
-
-[open-dice]: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/open-dice/+/main/docs/android.md
-[microdroid]: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/main/microdroid/README.md
+[vm-attestation]: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/main/docs/vm_remote_attestation.md
diff --git a/service_vm/requests/src/cert.rs b/service_vm/requests/src/cert.rs
index 91281e7..e31d870 100644
--- a/service_vm/requests/src/cert.rs
+++ b/service_vm/requests/src/cert.rs
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 /// Attestation extension contents
 ///
 /// ```asn1
-/// AttestationDescription ::= SEQUENCE {
+/// AttestationExtension ::= SEQUENCE {
 ///     attestationChallenge       OCTET_STRING,
 ///     isVmSecure                 BOOLEAN,
 ///     vmComponents               SEQUENCE OF VmComponent,
diff --git a/tests/vendor_images/Android.bp b/tests/vendor_images/Android.bp
index 26dbc01..66f0219 100644
--- a/tests/vendor_images/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/vendor_images/Android.bp
@@ -15,6 +15,16 @@
     file_contexts: ":microdroid_vendor_file_contexts.gen",
     use_avb: true,
     avb_private_key: ":vendor_sign_key",
+    rollback_index: 5,
+}
+
+android_filesystem {
+    name: "test_microdroid_vendor_image_no_rollback_index",
+    partition_name: "microdroid-vendor",
+    type: "ext4",
+    file_contexts: ":microdroid_vendor_file_contexts.gen",
+    use_avb: true,
+    avb_private_key: ":vendor_sign_key",
 }
 
 android_filesystem {
diff --git a/virtualizationmanager/src/aidl.rs b/virtualizationmanager/src/aidl.rs
index b712ed6..279b4ec 100644
--- a/virtualizationmanager/src/aidl.rs
+++ b/virtualizationmanager/src/aidl.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 use crate::{get_calling_pid, get_calling_uid};
 use crate::atom::{write_vm_booted_stats, write_vm_creation_stats};
 use crate::composite::make_composite_image;
-use crate::crosvm::{CrosvmConfig, DiskFile, PayloadState, VmContext, VmInstance, VmState};
+use crate::crosvm::{CrosvmConfig, DiskFile, DisplayConfig, PayloadState, VmContext, VmInstance, VmState};
 use crate::debug_config::DebugConfig;
 use crate::dt_overlay::{create_device_tree_overlay, VM_DT_OVERLAY_MAX_SIZE, VM_DT_OVERLAY_PATH};
 use crate::payload::{add_microdroid_payload_images, add_microdroid_system_images, add_microdroid_vendor_image};
@@ -582,6 +582,13 @@
             (vec![], None)
         };
 
+        let display_config = config
+            .displayConfig
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(DisplayConfig::new)
+            .transpose()
+            .or_binder_exception(ExceptionCode::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT)?;
+
         // Actually start the VM.
         let crosvm_config = CrosvmConfig {
             cid,
@@ -607,6 +614,7 @@
             vfio_devices,
             dtbo,
             device_tree_overlay,
+            display_config,
         };
         let instance = Arc::new(
             VmInstance::new(
diff --git a/virtualizationmanager/src/crosvm.rs b/virtualizationmanager/src/crosvm.rs
index 97a27e0..86c9af3 100644
--- a/virtualizationmanager/src/crosvm.rs
+++ b/virtualizationmanager/src/crosvm.rs
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@
 use android_system_virtualizationcommon::aidl::android::system::virtualizationcommon::DeathReason::DeathReason;
 use android_system_virtualizationservice::aidl::android::system::virtualizationservice::{
     MemoryTrimLevel::MemoryTrimLevel,
-    VirtualMachineAppConfig::DebugLevel::DebugLevel
+    VirtualMachineAppConfig::DebugLevel::DebugLevel,
+    DisplayConfig::DisplayConfig as DisplayConfigParcelable,
 };
 use android_system_virtualizationservice_internal::aidl::android::system::virtualizationservice_internal::IGlobalVmContext::IGlobalVmContext;
 use android_system_virtualizationservice_internal::aidl::android::system::virtualizationservice_internal::IBoundDevice::IBoundDevice;
@@ -118,6 +119,32 @@
     pub vfio_devices: Vec<VfioDevice>,
     pub dtbo: Option<File>,
     pub device_tree_overlay: Option<File>,
+    pub display_config: Option<DisplayConfig>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct DisplayConfig {
+    pub width: NonZeroU32,
+    pub height: NonZeroU32,
+    pub horizontal_dpi: NonZeroU32,
+    pub vertical_dpi: NonZeroU32,
+    pub refresh_rate: NonZeroU32,
+}
+
+impl DisplayConfig {
+    pub fn new(raw_config: &DisplayConfigParcelable) -> Result<DisplayConfig> {
+        let width = try_into_non_zero_u32(raw_config.width)?;
+        let height = try_into_non_zero_u32(raw_config.height)?;
+        let horizontal_dpi = try_into_non_zero_u32(raw_config.horizontalDpi)?;
+        let vertical_dpi = try_into_non_zero_u32(raw_config.verticalDpi)?;
+        let refresh_rate = try_into_non_zero_u32(raw_config.refreshRate)?;
+        Ok(DisplayConfig { width, height, horizontal_dpi, vertical_dpi, refresh_rate })
+    }
+}
+
+fn try_into_non_zero_u32(value: i32) -> Result<NonZeroU32> {
+    let u32_value = value.try_into()?;
+    NonZeroU32::new(u32_value).ok_or(anyhow!("value should be greater than 0"))
 }
 
 /// A disk image to pass to crosvm for a VM.
@@ -415,12 +442,13 @@
     /// the VM to prevent indefinite hangup and update the payload_state accordingly.
     fn monitor_payload_hangup(&self, child: Arc<SharedChild>) {
         debug!("Starting to monitor hangup for Microdroid({})", child.id());
-        let (_, result) = self
+        let (state, result) = self
             .payload_state_updated
             .wait_timeout_while(self.payload_state.lock().unwrap(), *BOOT_HANGUP_TIMEOUT, |s| {
                 *s < PayloadState::Started
             })
             .unwrap();
+        drop(state); // we are not interested in state
         let child_still_running = child.try_wait().ok() == Some(None);
         if result.timed_out() && child_still_running {
             error!(
@@ -927,6 +955,13 @@
     if let Some(dt_overlay) = &config.device_tree_overlay {
         command.arg("--device-tree-overlay").arg(add_preserved_fd(&mut preserved_fds, dt_overlay));
     }
+    if let Some(display_config) = &config.display_config {
+        command.arg("--gpu")
+        // TODO(b/331708504): support backend config as well
+        .arg("backend=virglrenderer,context-types=virgl2,egl=true,surfaceless=true,glx=false,gles=true")
+        .arg(format!("--gpu-display=mode=windowed[{},{}],dpi=[{},{}],refresh-rate={}", display_config.width, display_config.height, display_config.horizontal_dpi, display_config.vertical_dpi, display_config.refresh_rate))
+        .arg(format!("--android-display-service={}", config.name));
+    }
 
     append_platform_devices(&mut command, &mut preserved_fds, &config)?;
 
diff --git a/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/DisplayConfig.aidl b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/DisplayConfig.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1fd392b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/DisplayConfig.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.system.virtualizationservice;
+
+parcelable DisplayConfig {
+    int width;
+    int height;
+    int horizontalDpi;
+    int verticalDpi;
+    int refreshRate;
+}
diff --git a/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/VirtualMachineRawConfig.aidl b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/VirtualMachineRawConfig.aidl
index b2116c4..1a18bf8 100644
--- a/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/VirtualMachineRawConfig.aidl
+++ b/virtualizationservice/aidl/android/system/virtualizationservice/VirtualMachineRawConfig.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 import android.system.virtualizationservice.CpuTopology;
 import android.system.virtualizationservice.DiskImage;
+import android.system.virtualizationservice.DisplayConfig;
 
 /** Raw configuration for running a VM. */
 parcelable VirtualMachineRawConfig {
@@ -70,4 +71,6 @@
 
     /** List of SysFS nodes of devices to be assigned */
     String[] devices;
+
+    @nullable DisplayConfig displayConfig;
 }
diff --git a/virtualizationservice/src/maintenance.rs b/virtualizationservice/src/maintenance.rs
index f950db9..8efc58d 100644
--- a/virtualizationservice/src/maintenance.rs
+++ b/virtualizationservice/src/maintenance.rs
@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@
 /// parcel fits within max AIDL message size.
 const DELETE_MAX_BATCH_SIZE: usize = 100;
 
+/// Maximum number of VM IDs that a single app can have.
+const MAX_VM_IDS_PER_APP: usize = 400;
+
 /// State related to VM secrets.
 pub struct State {
     sk: binder::Strong<dyn ISecretkeeper>,
@@ -101,6 +104,24 @@
     pub fn add_id(&mut self, vm_id: &VmId, user_id: u32, app_id: u32) -> Result<()> {
         let user_id: i32 = user_id.try_into().context(format!("user_id {user_id} out of range"))?;
         let app_id: i32 = app_id.try_into().context(format!("app_id {app_id} out of range"))?;
+
+        // To prevent unbounded growth of VM IDs (and the associated state) for an app, limit the
+        // number of VM IDs per app.
+        let count = self
+            .vm_id_db
+            .count_vm_ids_for_app(user_id, app_id)
+            .context("failed to determine VM count")?;
+        if count >= MAX_VM_IDS_PER_APP {
+            // The owner has too many VM IDs, so delete the oldest IDs so that the new VM ID
+            // creation can progress/succeed.
+            let purge = 1 + count - MAX_VM_IDS_PER_APP;
+            let old_vm_ids = self
+                .vm_id_db
+                .oldest_vm_ids_for_app(user_id, app_id, purge)
+                .context("failed to find oldest VM IDs")?;
+            error!("Deleting {purge} of {count} VM IDs for user_id={user_id}, app_id={app_id}");
+            self.delete_ids(&old_vm_ids);
+        }
         self.vm_id_db.add_vm_id(vm_id, user_id, app_id)
     }
 
@@ -396,6 +417,39 @@
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID5], sk_state.vm_id_db.vm_ids_for_user(USER3).unwrap());
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_sk_state_too_many_vms() {
+        let history = Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
+        let mut sk_state = new_test_state(history.clone(), 20);
+
+        // Every VM ID added up to the limit is kept.
+        for idx in 0..MAX_VM_IDS_PER_APP {
+            let mut vm_id = [0u8; 64];
+            vm_id[0..8].copy_from_slice(&(idx as u64).to_be_bytes());
+            sk_state.add_id(&vm_id, USER1 as u32, APP_A as u32).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(idx + 1, sk_state.vm_id_db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap());
+        }
+        assert_eq!(
+            MAX_VM_IDS_PER_APP,
+            sk_state.vm_id_db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap()
+        );
+
+        // Beyond the limit it's one in, one out.
+        for idx in MAX_VM_IDS_PER_APP..MAX_VM_IDS_PER_APP + 10 {
+            let mut vm_id = [0u8; 64];
+            vm_id[0..8].copy_from_slice(&(idx as u64).to_be_bytes());
+            sk_state.add_id(&vm_id, USER1 as u32, APP_A as u32).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(
+                MAX_VM_IDS_PER_APP,
+                sk_state.vm_id_db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap()
+            );
+        }
+        assert_eq!(
+            MAX_VM_IDS_PER_APP,
+            sk_state.vm_id_db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap()
+        );
+    }
+
     struct Irreconcilable;
 
     impl IVirtualizationReconciliationCallback for Irreconcilable {
diff --git a/virtualizationservice/src/maintenance/vmdb.rs b/virtualizationservice/src/maintenance/vmdb.rs
index 47704bc..273f340 100644
--- a/virtualizationservice/src/maintenance/vmdb.rs
+++ b/virtualizationservice/src/maintenance/vmdb.rs
@@ -272,6 +272,34 @@
         Ok(vm_ids)
     }
 
+    /// Determine the number of VM IDs associated with `(user_id, app_id)`.
+    pub fn count_vm_ids_for_app(&mut self, user_id: i32, app_id: i32) -> Result<usize> {
+        let mut stmt = self
+            .conn
+            .prepare("SELECT COUNT(vm_id) FROM main.vmids WHERE user_id = ? AND app_id = ?;")
+            .context("failed to prepare SELECT stmt")?;
+        stmt.query_row(params![user_id, app_id], |row| row.get(0)).context("query failed")
+    }
+
+    /// Return the `count` oldest VM IDs associated with `(user_id, app_id)`.
+    pub fn oldest_vm_ids_for_app(
+        &mut self,
+        user_id: i32,
+        app_id: i32,
+        count: usize,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<VmId>> {
+        // SQLite considers NULL columns to be smaller than values, so rows left over from a v0
+        // database will be listed first.
+        let mut stmt = self
+            .conn
+            .prepare(
+                "SELECT vm_id FROM main.vmids WHERE user_id = ? AND app_id = ? ORDER BY created LIMIT ?;",
+            )
+            .context("failed to prepare SELECT stmt")?;
+        let rows = stmt.query(params![user_id, app_id, count]).context("query failed")?;
+        Self::vm_ids_from_rows(rows)
+    }
+
     /// Return all of the `(user_id, app_id)` pairs present in the database.
     pub fn get_all_owners(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<(i32, i32)>> {
         let mut stmt = self
@@ -344,6 +372,19 @@
     fn show_contents(db: &VmIdDb) {
         let mut stmt = db.conn.prepare("SELECT * FROM main.vmids;").unwrap();
         let mut rows = stmt.query(()).unwrap();
+        println!("DB contents:");
+        while let Some(row) = rows.next().unwrap() {
+            println!("  {row:?}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn show_contents_for_app(db: &VmIdDb, user_id: i32, app_id: i32, count: usize) {
+        let mut stmt = db
+            .conn
+            .prepare("SELECT vm_id, created FROM main.vmids WHERE user_id = ? AND app_id = ? ORDER BY created LIMIT ?;")
+            .unwrap();
+        let mut rows = stmt.query(params![user_id, app_id, count]).unwrap();
+        println!("First (by created) {count} rows for app_id={app_id}");
         while let Some(row) = rows.next().unwrap() {
             println!("  {row:?}");
         }
@@ -457,31 +498,39 @@
 
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID1, VM_ID2, VM_ID3], db.vm_ids_for_user(USER1).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID1, VM_ID2, VM_ID3], db.vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap());
+        assert_eq!(3, db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID4], db.vm_ids_for_app(USER2, APP_B).unwrap());
+        assert_eq!(1, db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER2, APP_B).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID5], db.vm_ids_for_user(USER3).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(empty, db.vm_ids_for_user(USER_UNKNOWN).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(empty, db.vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_UNKNOWN).unwrap());
+        assert_eq!(0, db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_UNKNOWN).unwrap());
 
         db.delete_vm_ids(&[VM_ID2, VM_ID3]).unwrap();
 
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID1], db.vm_ids_for_user(USER1).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID1], db.vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap());
+        assert_eq!(1, db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap());
 
         // OK to delete things that don't exist.
         db.delete_vm_ids(&[VM_ID2, VM_ID3]).unwrap();
 
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID1], db.vm_ids_for_user(USER1).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID1], db.vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap());
+        assert_eq!(1, db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap());
 
         db.add_vm_id(&VM_ID2, USER1, APP_A).unwrap();
         db.add_vm_id(&VM_ID3, USER1, APP_A).unwrap();
 
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID1, VM_ID2, VM_ID3], db.vm_ids_for_user(USER1).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID1, VM_ID2, VM_ID3], db.vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap());
+        assert_eq!(3, db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID4], db.vm_ids_for_app(USER2, APP_B).unwrap());
+        assert_eq!(1, db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER2, APP_B).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID5], db.vm_ids_for_user(USER3).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(empty, db.vm_ids_for_user(USER_UNKNOWN).unwrap());
         assert_eq!(empty, db.vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_UNKNOWN).unwrap());
+        assert_eq!(0, db.count_vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_UNKNOWN).unwrap());
 
         assert_eq!(
             vec![(USER1, APP_A), (USER2, APP_B), (USER3, APP_C)],
@@ -513,4 +562,47 @@
         assert_eq!(vec![VM_ID1, VM_ID2, VM_ID3], db.vm_ids_for_user(USER1).unwrap());
         show_contents(&db);
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_remove_oldest_with_upgrade() {
+        let mut db = new_test_db_version(0);
+        let version = db.schema_version().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(0, version);
+
+        let remove_count = 10;
+        let mut want = vec![];
+
+        // Manually insert rows before upgrade.
+        const V0_COUNT: usize = 5;
+        for idx in 0..V0_COUNT {
+            let mut vm_id = [0u8; 64];
+            vm_id[0..8].copy_from_slice(&(idx as u64).to_be_bytes());
+            if want.len() < remove_count {
+                want.push(vm_id);
+            }
+            db.conn
+                .execute(
+                    "REPLACE INTO main.vmids (vm_id, user_id, app_id) VALUES (?1, ?2, ?3);",
+                    params![&vm_id, &USER1, APP_A],
+                )
+                .unwrap();
+        }
+
+        // Now move to v1.
+        db.upgrade_tables_v0_v1().unwrap();
+        let version = db.schema_version().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(1, version);
+
+        for idx in V0_COUNT..40 {
+            let mut vm_id = [0u8; 64];
+            vm_id[0..8].copy_from_slice(&(idx as u64).to_be_bytes());
+            if want.len() < remove_count {
+                want.push(vm_id);
+            }
+            db.add_vm_id(&vm_id, USER1, APP_A).unwrap();
+        }
+        show_contents_for_app(&db, USER1, APP_A, 10);
+        let got = db.oldest_vm_ids_for_app(USER1, APP_A, 10).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(got, want);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/vm_payload/README.md b/vm_payload/README.md
index 419d854..4b1e6f3 100644
--- a/vm_payload/README.md
+++ b/vm_payload/README.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 This directory contains the definition of the VM Payload API. This is a native
 API, exposed as a set of C functions, available to payload code running inside a
-[Microdroid](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/master/microdroid/README.md)
+[Microdroid](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/main/microdroid/README.md)
 VM.
 
 Note that only native code is supported in Microdroid, so no Java APIs are
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 under the `lib/<ABI>` directory, like other JNI code.
 
 The primary .so, which is specified as part of the VM configuration via
-[VirtualMachineConfig.Builder#setPayloadBinaryPath](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/master/javalib/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachineConfig.java),
+[VirtualMachineConfig.Builder#setPayloadBinaryPath](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/main/java/framework/src/android/system/virtualmachine/VirtualMachineConfig.java),
 must define the entry point for the payload.
 
 This entry point is a C function called `AVmPayload_main()`, as declared in
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 runtime from the real `libvm_payload.so` hosted within the Microdroid VM.
 
 See `MicrodroidTestNativeLib` in the [test
-APK](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/master/tests/testapk/Android.bp)
+APK](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/main/tests/testapk/Android.bp)
 for an example.
 
 In other build systems a similar stub `libvm_payload.so` can be built using
diff --git a/vmbase/src/bionic.rs b/vmbase/src/bionic.rs
index a049616..63a6894 100644
--- a/vmbase/src/bionic.rs
+++ b/vmbase/src/bionic.rs
@@ -14,17 +14,17 @@
 
 //! Low-level compatibility layer between baremetal Rust and Bionic C functions.
 
-use core::ffi::c_char;
-use core::ffi::c_int;
-use core::ffi::c_void;
-use core::ffi::CStr;
-use core::slice;
-use core::str;
-
 use crate::console;
 use crate::eprintln;
 use crate::rand::fill_with_entropy;
 use crate::read_sysreg;
+use core::ffi::c_char;
+use core::ffi::c_int;
+use core::ffi::c_void;
+use core::ffi::CStr;
+use core::ptr::addr_of_mut;
+use core::slice;
+use core::str;
 
 use cstr::cstr;
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 unsafe extern "C" fn __errno() -> *mut c_int {
     // SAFETY: C functions which call this are only called from the main thread, not from exception
     // handlers.
-    unsafe { &mut ERRNO as *mut _ }
+    unsafe { addr_of_mut!(ERRNO) as *mut _ }
 }
 
 fn set_errno(value: c_int) {
diff --git a/vmlauncher_app/java/com/android/virtualization/vmlauncher/MainActivity.java b/vmlauncher_app/java/com/android/virtualization/vmlauncher/MainActivity.java
index e365c46..b5995b8 100644
--- a/vmlauncher_app/java/com/android/virtualization/vmlauncher/MainActivity.java
+++ b/vmlauncher_app/java/com/android/virtualization/vmlauncher/MainActivity.java
@@ -19,23 +19,28 @@
 import static android.system.virtualmachine.VirtualMachineConfig.CPU_TOPOLOGY_MATCH_HOST;
 
 import android.app.Activity;
+import android.graphics.Rect;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.ServiceManager;
 import android.crosvm.ICrosvmAndroidDisplayService;
 import android.system.virtualizationservice_internal.IVirtualizationServiceInternal;
 import android.system.virtualmachine.VirtualMachineCustomImageConfig;
+import android.system.virtualmachine.VirtualMachineCustomImageConfig.DisplayConfig;
+import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.system.virtualmachine.VirtualMachine;
 import android.system.virtualmachine.VirtualMachineCallback;
 import android.system.virtualmachine.VirtualMachineConfig;
 import android.system.virtualmachine.VirtualMachineException;
 import android.system.virtualmachine.VirtualMachineManager;
+import android.view.Display;
 import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
 import android.view.SurfaceView;
 import android.view.WindowManager;
 import android.view.WindowInsets;
 import android.view.WindowInsetsController;
+import android.view.WindowMetrics;
 
 import org.json.JSONArray;
 import org.json.JSONException;
@@ -106,6 +111,21 @@
             }
 
             configBuilder.setMemoryBytes(8L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 /* 8 GB */);
+            WindowMetrics windowMetrics = getWindowManager().getCurrentWindowMetrics();
+            Rect windowSize = windowMetrics.getBounds();
+            int dpi = (int) (DisplayMetrics.DENSITY_DEFAULT * windowMetrics.getDensity());
+            DisplayConfig.Builder displayConfigBuilder = new DisplayConfig.Builder();
+            displayConfigBuilder.setWidth(windowSize.right);
+            displayConfigBuilder.setHeight(windowSize.bottom);
+            displayConfigBuilder.setHorizontalDpi(dpi);
+            displayConfigBuilder.setVerticalDpi(dpi);
+
+            Display display = getDisplay();
+            if (display != null) {
+                displayConfigBuilder.setRefreshRate((int) display.getRefreshRate());
+            }
+
+            customImageConfigBuilder.setDisplayConfig(displayConfigBuilder.build());
             configBuilder.setCustomImageConfig(customImageConfigBuilder.build());
 
         } catch (JSONException | IOException e) {