Merge "Fixed toString() printing error"
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/InetAddresses.java b/core/java/android/net/InetAddresses.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e6c69a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/InetAddresses.java
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import libcore.net.InetAddressUtils;
+
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+
+/**
+ * Utility methods for {@link InetAddress} implementations.
+ */
+public class InetAddresses {
+
+    private InetAddresses() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Checks to see if the {@code address} is a numeric address (such as {@code "192.0.2.1"} or
+     * {@code "2001:db8::1:2"}).
+     *
+     * <p>A numeric address is either an IPv4 address containing exactly 4 decimal numbers or an
+     * IPv6 numeric address. IPv4 addresses that consist of either hexadecimal or octal digits or
+     * do not have exactly 4 numbers are not treated as numeric.
+     *
+     * <p>This method will never do a DNS lookup.
+     *
+     * @param address the address to parse.
+     * @return true if the supplied address is numeric, false otherwise.
+     */
+    public static boolean isNumericAddress(String address) {
+        return InetAddressUtils.isNumericAddress(address);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an InetAddress corresponding to the given numeric address (such
+     * as {@code "192.168.0.1"} or {@code "2001:4860:800d::68"}).
+     *
+     * <p>See {@link #isNumericAddress(String)} (String)} for a definition as to what constitutes a
+     * numeric address.
+     *
+     * <p>This method will never do a DNS lookup.
+     *
+     * @param address the address to parse, must be numeric.
+     * @return an {@link InetAddress} instance corresponding to the address.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code address} is not a numeric address.
+     */
+    public static InetAddress parseNumericAddress(String address) {
+        return InetAddressUtils.parseNumericAddress(address);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
index 40ef116..c41a56c 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.net;
 
 import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.annotation.SystemApi;
 import android.annotation.TestApi;
 import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
@@ -79,6 +80,7 @@
         mNetworkCapabilities = mTransportTypes = mUnwantedNetworkCapabilities = 0;
         mLinkUpBandwidthKbps = mLinkDownBandwidthKbps = LINK_BANDWIDTH_UNSPECIFIED;
         mNetworkSpecifier = null;
+        mTransportInfo = null;
         mSignalStrength = SIGNAL_STRENGTH_UNSPECIFIED;
         mUids = null;
         mEstablishingVpnAppUid = INVALID_UID;
@@ -95,6 +97,7 @@
         mLinkUpBandwidthKbps = nc.mLinkUpBandwidthKbps;
         mLinkDownBandwidthKbps = nc.mLinkDownBandwidthKbps;
         mNetworkSpecifier = nc.mNetworkSpecifier;
+        mTransportInfo = nc.mTransportInfo;
         mSignalStrength = nc.mSignalStrength;
         setUids(nc.mUids); // Will make the defensive copy
         mEstablishingVpnAppUid = nc.mEstablishingVpnAppUid;
@@ -874,6 +877,7 @@
     }
 
     private NetworkSpecifier mNetworkSpecifier = null;
+    private TransportInfo mTransportInfo = null;
 
     /**
      * Sets the optional bearer specific network specifier.
@@ -899,6 +903,19 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Sets the optional transport specific information.
+     *
+     * @param transportInfo A concrete, parcelable framework class that extends
+     * {@link TransportInfo}.
+     * @return This NetworkCapabilities instance, to facilitate chaining.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public NetworkCapabilities setTransportInfo(TransportInfo transportInfo) {
+        mTransportInfo = transportInfo;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Gets the optional bearer specific network specifier.
      *
      * @return The optional {@link NetworkSpecifier} specifying the bearer specific network
@@ -910,6 +927,19 @@
         return mNetworkSpecifier;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns a transport-specific information container. The application may cast this
+     * container to a concrete sub-class based on its knowledge of the network request. The
+     * application should be able to deal with a {@code null} return value or an invalid case,
+     * e.g. use {@code instanceof} operator to verify expected type.
+     *
+     * @return A concrete implementation of the {@link TransportInfo} class or null if not
+     * available for the network.
+     */
+    @Nullable public TransportInfo getTransportInfo() {
+        return mTransportInfo;
+    }
+
     private void combineSpecifiers(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
         if (mNetworkSpecifier != null && !mNetworkSpecifier.equals(nc.mNetworkSpecifier)) {
             throw new IllegalStateException("Can't combine two networkSpecifiers");
@@ -926,6 +956,17 @@
         return Objects.equals(mNetworkSpecifier, nc.mNetworkSpecifier);
     }
 
+    private void combineTransportInfos(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
+        if (mTransportInfo != null && !mTransportInfo.equals(nc.mTransportInfo)) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Can't combine two TransportInfos");
+        }
+        setTransportInfo(nc.mTransportInfo);
+    }
+
+    private boolean equalsTransportInfo(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
+        return Objects.equals(mTransportInfo, nc.mTransportInfo);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Magic value that indicates no signal strength provided. A request specifying this value is
      * always satisfied.
@@ -1238,6 +1279,7 @@
         combineTransportTypes(nc);
         combineLinkBandwidths(nc);
         combineSpecifiers(nc);
+        combineTransportInfos(nc);
         combineSignalStrength(nc);
         combineUids(nc);
         combineSSIDs(nc);
@@ -1347,6 +1389,7 @@
                 && equalsLinkBandwidths(that)
                 && equalsSignalStrength(that)
                 && equalsSpecifier(that)
+                && equalsTransportInfo(that)
                 && equalsUids(that)
                 && equalsSSID(that));
     }
@@ -1364,7 +1407,8 @@
                 + Objects.hashCode(mNetworkSpecifier) * 23
                 + (mSignalStrength * 29)
                 + Objects.hashCode(mUids) * 31
-                + Objects.hashCode(mSSID) * 37;
+                + Objects.hashCode(mSSID) * 37
+                + Objects.hashCode(mTransportInfo) * 41;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -1379,6 +1423,7 @@
         dest.writeInt(mLinkUpBandwidthKbps);
         dest.writeInt(mLinkDownBandwidthKbps);
         dest.writeParcelable((Parcelable) mNetworkSpecifier, flags);
+        dest.writeParcelable((Parcelable) mTransportInfo, flags);
         dest.writeInt(mSignalStrength);
         dest.writeArraySet(mUids);
         dest.writeString(mSSID);
@@ -1396,6 +1441,7 @@
                 netCap.mLinkUpBandwidthKbps = in.readInt();
                 netCap.mLinkDownBandwidthKbps = in.readInt();
                 netCap.mNetworkSpecifier = in.readParcelable(null);
+                netCap.mTransportInfo = in.readParcelable(null);
                 netCap.mSignalStrength = in.readInt();
                 netCap.mUids = (ArraySet<UidRange>) in.readArraySet(
                         null /* ClassLoader, null for default */);
@@ -1435,6 +1481,9 @@
         if (mNetworkSpecifier != null) {
             sb.append(" Specifier: <").append(mNetworkSpecifier).append(">");
         }
+        if (mTransportInfo != null) {
+            sb.append(" TransportInfo: <").append(mTransportInfo).append(">");
+        }
         if (hasSignalStrength()) {
             sb.append(" SignalStrength: ").append(mSignalStrength);
         }
@@ -1501,6 +1550,9 @@
         if (mNetworkSpecifier != null) {
             proto.write(NetworkCapabilitiesProto.NETWORK_SPECIFIER, mNetworkSpecifier.toString());
         }
+        if (mTransportInfo != null) {
+            // TODO b/120653863: write transport-specific info to proto?
+        }
 
         proto.write(NetworkCapabilitiesProto.CAN_REPORT_SIGNAL_STRENGTH, hasSignalStrength());
         proto.write(NetworkCapabilitiesProto.SIGNAL_STRENGTH, mSignalStrength);
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkUtils.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkUtils.java
index 34e9476..c0aa4a6 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkUtils.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkUtils.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.net;
 
 import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.Pair;
@@ -294,8 +295,10 @@
      * @param addrString
      * @return the InetAddress
      * @hide
+     * @deprecated Use {@link InetAddresses#parseNumericAddress(String)}, if possible.
      */
-    @UnsupportedAppUsage
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P)
+    @Deprecated
     public static InetAddress numericToInetAddress(String addrString)
             throws IllegalArgumentException {
         return InetAddress.parseNumericAddress(addrString);
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/TransportInfo.java b/core/java/android/net/TransportInfo.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b78d3fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/TransportInfo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+/**
+ * A container for transport-specific capabilities which is returned by
+ * {@link NetworkCapabilities#getTransportInfo()}. Specific networks
+ * may provide concrete implementations of this interface.
+ */
+public interface TransportInfo {
+}
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index 74c8023..66ceae4 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -274,7 +274,8 @@
     private int mDefaultInetConditionPublished = 0;
 
     private INetworkManagementService mNMS;
-    private INetd mNetd;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected INetd mNetd;
     private INetworkStatsService mStatsService;
     private INetworkPolicyManager mPolicyManager;
     private NetworkPolicyManagerInternal mPolicyManagerInternal;
@@ -894,10 +895,19 @@
         intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_REMOVED);
         intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_UNLOCKED);
         mContext.registerReceiverAsUser(
-                mUserIntentReceiver, UserHandle.ALL, intentFilter, null, null);
+                mIntentReceiver, UserHandle.ALL, intentFilter, null, null);
         mContext.registerReceiverAsUser(mUserPresentReceiver, UserHandle.SYSTEM,
                 new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT), null, null);
 
+        // Listen to package add and removal events for all users.
+        intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
+        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED);
+        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REPLACED);
+        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED);
+        intentFilter.addDataScheme("package");
+        mContext.registerReceiverAsUser(
+                mIntentReceiver, UserHandle.ALL, intentFilter, null, null);
+
         try {
             mNMS.registerObserver(mTethering);
             mNMS.registerObserver(mDataActivityObserver);
@@ -1659,6 +1669,24 @@
                 loge("Error parsing ip address in validation event");
             }
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDnsEvent(int netId, int eventType, int returnCode, String hostname,
+                String[] ipAddresses, int ipAddressesCount, long timestamp, int uid) {
+            NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetId(netId);
+            // Netd event only allow registrants from system. Each NetworkMonitor thread is under
+            // the caller thread of registerNetworkAgent. Thus, it's not allowed to register netd
+            // event callback for certain nai. e.g. cellular. Register here to pass to
+            // NetworkMonitor instead.
+            // TODO: Move the Dns Event to NetworkMonitor. Use Binder.clearCallingIdentity() in
+            // registerNetworkAgent to have NetworkMonitor created with system process as design
+            // expectation. Also, NetdEventListenerService only allow one callback from each
+            // caller type. Need to re-factor NetdEventListenerService to allow multiple
+            // NetworkMonitor registrants.
+            if (nai != null && nai.satisfies(mDefaultRequest)) {
+                nai.networkMonitor.sendMessage(NetworkMonitor.EVENT_DNS_NOTIFICATION, returnCode);
+            }
+        }
     };
 
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -1940,6 +1968,7 @@
     void systemReady() {
         mProxyTracker.loadGlobalProxy();
         registerNetdEventCallback();
+        mTethering.systemReady();
 
         synchronized (this) {
             mSystemReady = true;
@@ -2064,7 +2093,8 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private static final String DEFAULT_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES = "4096,87380,110208,4096,16384,110208";
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected static final String DEFAULT_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES = "4096,87380,110208,4096,16384,110208";
     private static final String DEFAULT_TCP_RWND_KEY = "net.tcp.default_init_rwnd";
 
     // Overridden for testing purposes to avoid writing to SystemProperties.
@@ -2073,12 +2103,7 @@
         return new MockableSystemProperties();
     }
 
-    private void updateTcpBufferSizes(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
-        if (isDefaultNetwork(nai) == false) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        String tcpBufferSizes = nai.linkProperties.getTcpBufferSizes();
+    private void updateTcpBufferSizes(String tcpBufferSizes) {
         String[] values = null;
         if (tcpBufferSizes != null) {
             values = tcpBufferSizes.split(",");
@@ -2095,15 +2120,11 @@
         try {
             if (VDBG || DDBG) Slog.d(TAG, "Setting tx/rx TCP buffers to " + tcpBufferSizes);
 
-            final String prefix = "/sys/kernel/ipv4/tcp_";
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "rmem_min", values[0]);
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "rmem_def", values[1]);
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "rmem_max", values[2]);
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "wmem_min", values[3]);
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "wmem_def", values[4]);
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "wmem_max", values[5]);
+            String rmemValues = String.join(" ", values[0], values[1], values[2]);
+            String wmemValues = String.join(" ", values[3], values[4], values[5]);
+            mNetd.setTcpRWmemorySize(rmemValues, wmemValues);
             mCurrentTcpBufferSizes = tcpBufferSizes;
-        } catch (IOException e) {
+        } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
             loge("Can't set TCP buffer sizes:" + e);
         }
 
@@ -4155,6 +4176,7 @@
     }
 
     private void onUserAdded(int userId) {
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserAdded(userId);
         synchronized (mVpns) {
             final int vpnsSize = mVpns.size();
             for (int i = 0; i < vpnsSize; i++) {
@@ -4165,6 +4187,7 @@
     }
 
     private void onUserRemoved(int userId) {
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserRemoved(userId);
         synchronized (mVpns) {
             final int vpnsSize = mVpns.size();
             for (int i = 0; i < vpnsSize; i++) {
@@ -4174,6 +4197,56 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private void onPackageAdded(String packageName, int uid) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(packageName) || uid < 0) {
+            Slog.wtf(TAG, "Invalid package in onPackageAdded: " + packageName + " | " + uid);
+            return;
+        }
+        mPermissionMonitor.onPackageAdded(packageName, uid);
+    }
+
+    private void onPackageReplaced(String packageName, int uid) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(packageName) || uid < 0) {
+            Slog.wtf(TAG, "Invalid package in onPackageReplaced: " + packageName + " | " + uid);
+            return;
+        }
+        final int userId = UserHandle.getUserId(uid);
+        synchronized (mVpns) {
+            final Vpn vpn = mVpns.get(userId);
+            if (vpn == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            // Legacy always-on VPN won't be affected since the package name is not set.
+            if (TextUtils.equals(vpn.getAlwaysOnPackage(), packageName)) {
+                Slog.d(TAG, "Restarting always-on VPN package " + packageName + " for user "
+                        + userId);
+                vpn.startAlwaysOnVpn();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void onPackageRemoved(String packageName, int uid, boolean isReplacing) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(packageName) || uid < 0) {
+            Slog.wtf(TAG, "Invalid package in onPackageRemoved: " + packageName + " | " + uid);
+            return;
+        }
+        mPermissionMonitor.onPackageRemoved(uid);
+
+        final int userId = UserHandle.getUserId(uid);
+        synchronized (mVpns) {
+            final Vpn vpn = mVpns.get(userId);
+            if (vpn == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            // Legacy always-on VPN won't be affected since the package name is not set.
+            if (TextUtils.equals(vpn.getAlwaysOnPackage(), packageName) && !isReplacing) {
+                Slog.d(TAG, "Removing always-on VPN package " + packageName + " for user "
+                        + userId);
+                vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     private void onUserUnlocked(int userId) {
         synchronized (mVpns) {
             // User present may be sent because of an unlock, which might mean an unlocked keystore.
@@ -4185,11 +4258,15 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private BroadcastReceiver mUserIntentReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
+    private BroadcastReceiver mIntentReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
         @Override
         public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
             final String action = intent.getAction();
             final int userId = intent.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, UserHandle.USER_NULL);
+            final int uid = intent.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_UID, -1);
+            final Uri packageData = intent.getData();
+            final String packageName =
+                    packageData != null ? packageData.getSchemeSpecificPart() : null;
             if (userId == UserHandle.USER_NULL) return;
 
             if (Intent.ACTION_USER_STARTED.equals(action)) {
@@ -4202,6 +4279,14 @@
                 onUserRemoved(userId);
             } else if (Intent.ACTION_USER_UNLOCKED.equals(action)) {
                 onUserUnlocked(userId);
+            } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED.equals(action)) {
+                onPackageAdded(packageName, uid);
+            } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REPLACED.equals(action)) {
+                onPackageReplaced(packageName, uid);
+            } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED.equals(action)) {
+                final boolean isReplacing = intent.getBooleanExtra(
+                        Intent.EXTRA_REPLACING, false);
+                onPackageRemoved(packageName, uid, isReplacing);
             }
         }
     };
@@ -4728,8 +4813,8 @@
         updateUids(nai, null, nai.networkCapabilities);
     }
 
-    private void updateLinkProperties(NetworkAgentInfo networkAgent, LinkProperties oldLp) {
-        LinkProperties newLp = new LinkProperties(networkAgent.linkProperties);
+    private void updateLinkProperties(NetworkAgentInfo networkAgent, LinkProperties newLp,
+            LinkProperties oldLp) {
         int netId = networkAgent.network.netId;
 
         // The NetworkAgentInfo does not know whether clatd is running on its network or not. Before
@@ -4744,7 +4829,9 @@
 //        for (LinkProperties lp : newLp.getStackedLinks()) {
 //            updateMtu(lp, null);
 //        }
-        updateTcpBufferSizes(networkAgent);
+        if (isDefaultNetwork(networkAgent)) {
+            updateTcpBufferSizes(newLp.getTcpBufferSizes());
+        }
 
         updateRoutes(newLp, oldLp, netId);
         updateDnses(newLp, oldLp, netId);
@@ -4754,8 +4841,6 @@
         // updateDnses will fetch the private DNS configuration from DnsManager.
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(netId, newLp);
 
-        // Start or stop clat accordingly to network state.
-        networkAgent.updateClat(mNMS);
         if (isDefaultNetwork(networkAgent)) {
             handleApplyDefaultProxy(newLp.getHttpProxy());
         } else {
@@ -4766,8 +4851,12 @@
             synchronized (networkAgent) {
                 networkAgent.linkProperties = newLp;
             }
+            // Start or stop clat accordingly to network state.
+            networkAgent.updateClat(mNMS);
             notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats();
-            notifyNetworkCallbacks(networkAgent, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_IP_CHANGED);
+            if (networkAgent.everConnected) {
+                notifyNetworkCallbacks(networkAgent, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_IP_CHANGED);
+            }
         }
 
         mKeepaliveTracker.handleCheckKeepalivesStillValid(networkAgent);
@@ -5072,13 +5161,7 @@
                     "; created=" + nai.created +
                     "; everConnected=" + nai.everConnected);
         }
-        LinkProperties oldLp = nai.linkProperties;
-        synchronized (nai) {
-            nai.linkProperties = newLp;
-        }
-        if (nai.everConnected) {
-            updateLinkProperties(nai, oldLp);
-        }
+        updateLinkProperties(nai, newLp, new LinkProperties(nai.linkProperties));
     }
 
     private void sendUpdatedScoreToFactories(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
@@ -5239,7 +5322,7 @@
 
         notifyLockdownVpn(newNetwork);
         handleApplyDefaultProxy(newNetwork.linkProperties.getHttpProxy());
-        updateTcpBufferSizes(newNetwork);
+        updateTcpBufferSizes(newNetwork.linkProperties.getTcpBufferSizes());
         mDnsManager.setDefaultDnsSystemProperties(newNetwork.linkProperties.getDnsServers());
         notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats();
     }
@@ -5631,7 +5714,6 @@
                 // This should never fail.  Specifying an already in use NetID will cause failure.
                 if (networkAgent.isVPN()) {
                     mNMS.createVirtualNetwork(networkAgent.network.netId,
-                            !networkAgent.linkProperties.getDnsServers().isEmpty(),
                             (networkAgent.networkMisc == null ||
                                 !networkAgent.networkMisc.allowBypass));
                 } else {
@@ -5654,7 +5736,8 @@
             }
 
             handlePerNetworkPrivateDnsConfig(networkAgent, mDnsManager.getPrivateDnsConfig());
-            updateLinkProperties(networkAgent, null);
+            updateLinkProperties(networkAgent, new LinkProperties(networkAgent.linkProperties),
+                    null);
 
             networkAgent.networkMonitor.sendMessage(NetworkMonitor.CMD_NETWORK_CONNECTED);
             scheduleUnvalidatedPrompt(networkAgent);
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
index 94c94a5..420b23e 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
@@ -27,10 +27,7 @@
 import static android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
-import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
 import android.content.Context;
-import android.content.Intent;
-import android.content.IntentFilter;
 import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
@@ -42,7 +39,6 @@
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.os.UserManager;
-import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
@@ -64,15 +60,14 @@
 public class PermissionMonitor {
     private static final String TAG = "PermissionMonitor";
     private static final boolean DBG = true;
-    private static final Boolean SYSTEM = Boolean.TRUE;
-    private static final Boolean NETWORK = Boolean.FALSE;
+    protected static final Boolean SYSTEM = Boolean.TRUE;
+    protected static final Boolean NETWORK = Boolean.FALSE;
     private static final int VERSION_Q = Build.VERSION_CODES.Q;
 
     private final Context mContext;
     private final PackageManager mPackageManager;
     private final UserManager mUserManager;
     private final INetworkManagementService mNetd;
-    private final BroadcastReceiver mIntentReceiver;
 
     // Values are User IDs.
     private final Set<Integer> mUsers = new HashSet<>();
@@ -85,26 +80,6 @@
         mPackageManager = context.getPackageManager();
         mUserManager = UserManager.get(context);
         mNetd = netd;
-        mIntentReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
-            @Override
-            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
-                String action = intent.getAction();
-                int user = intent.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, UserHandle.USER_NULL);
-                int appUid = intent.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_UID, INVALID_UID);
-                Uri appData = intent.getData();
-                String appName = appData != null ? appData.getSchemeSpecificPart() : null;
-
-                if (Intent.ACTION_USER_ADDED.equals(action)) {
-                    onUserAdded(user);
-                } else if (Intent.ACTION_USER_REMOVED.equals(action)) {
-                    onUserRemoved(user);
-                } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED.equals(action)) {
-                    onAppAdded(appName, appUid);
-                } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED.equals(action)) {
-                    onAppRemoved(appUid);
-                }
-            }
-        };
     }
 
     // Intended to be called only once at startup, after the system is ready. Installs a broadcast
@@ -112,17 +87,6 @@
     public synchronized void startMonitoring() {
         log("Monitoring");
 
-        IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
-        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_ADDED);
-        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_REMOVED);
-        mContext.registerReceiverAsUser(mIntentReceiver, UserHandle.ALL, intentFilter, null, null);
-
-        intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
-        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED);
-        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED);
-        intentFilter.addDataScheme("package");
-        mContext.registerReceiverAsUser(mIntentReceiver, UserHandle.ALL, intentFilter, null, null);
-
         List<PackageInfo> apps = mPackageManager.getInstalledPackages(GET_PERMISSIONS);
         if (apps == null) {
             loge("No apps");
@@ -260,7 +224,14 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private synchronized void onUserAdded(int user) {
+    /**
+     * Called when a user is added. See {link #ACTION_USER_ADDED}.
+     *
+     * @param user The integer userHandle of the added user. See {@link #EXTRA_USER_HANDLE}.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public synchronized void onUserAdded(int user) {
         if (user < 0) {
             loge("Invalid user in onUserAdded: " + user);
             return;
@@ -272,7 +243,14 @@
         update(users, mApps, true);
     }
 
-    private synchronized void onUserRemoved(int user) {
+    /**
+     * Called when an user is removed. See {link #ACTION_USER_REMOVED}.
+     *
+     * @param user The integer userHandle of the removed user. See {@link #EXTRA_USER_HANDLE}.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public synchronized void onUserRemoved(int user) {
         if (user < 0) {
             loge("Invalid user in onUserRemoved: " + user);
             return;
@@ -284,8 +262,8 @@
         update(users, mApps, false);
     }
 
-
-    private Boolean highestPermissionForUid(Boolean currentPermission, String name) {
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected Boolean highestPermissionForUid(Boolean currentPermission, String name) {
         if (currentPermission == SYSTEM) {
             return currentPermission;
         }
@@ -303,33 +281,39 @@
         return currentPermission;
     }
 
-    private synchronized void onAppAdded(String appName, int appUid) {
-        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(appName) || appUid < 0) {
-            loge("Invalid app in onAppAdded: " + appName + " | " + appUid);
-            return;
-        }
-
+    /**
+     * Called when a package is added. See {link #ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED}.
+     *
+     * @param packageName The name of the new package.
+     * @param uid The uid of the new package.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public synchronized void onPackageAdded(String packageName, int uid) {
         // If multiple packages share a UID (cf: android:sharedUserId) and ask for different
         // permissions, don't downgrade (i.e., if it's already SYSTEM, leave it as is).
-        final Boolean permission = highestPermissionForUid(mApps.get(appUid), appName);
-        if (permission != mApps.get(appUid)) {
-            mApps.put(appUid, permission);
+        final Boolean permission = highestPermissionForUid(mApps.get(uid), packageName);
+        if (permission != mApps.get(uid)) {
+            mApps.put(uid, permission);
 
             Map<Integer, Boolean> apps = new HashMap<>();
-            apps.put(appUid, permission);
+            apps.put(uid, permission);
             update(mUsers, apps, true);
         }
     }
 
-    private synchronized void onAppRemoved(int appUid) {
-        if (appUid < 0) {
-            loge("Invalid app in onAppRemoved: " + appUid);
-            return;
-        }
+    /**
+     * Called when a package is removed. See {link #ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED}.
+     *
+     * @param uid containing the integer uid previously assigned to the package.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public synchronized void onPackageRemoved(int uid) {
         Map<Integer, Boolean> apps = new HashMap<>();
 
         Boolean permission = null;
-        String[] packages = mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(appUid);
+        String[] packages = mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(uid);
         if (packages != null && packages.length > 0) {
             for (String name : packages) {
                 permission = highestPermissionForUid(permission, name);
@@ -341,16 +325,16 @@
                 }
             }
         }
-        if (permission == mApps.get(appUid)) {
+        if (permission == mApps.get(uid)) {
             // The permissions of this UID have not changed. Nothing to do.
             return;
         } else if (permission != null) {
-            mApps.put(appUid, permission);
-            apps.put(appUid, permission);
+            mApps.put(uid, permission);
+            apps.put(uid, permission);
             update(mUsers, apps, true);
         } else {
-            mApps.remove(appUid);
-            apps.put(appUid, NETWORK);  // doesn't matter which permission we pick here
+            mApps.remove(uid);
+            apps.put(uid, NETWORK);  // doesn't matter which permission we pick here
             update(mUsers, apps, false);
         }
     }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java
index 771faaf..be1a455 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
         assertNull(c.getEncryption());
         assertNull(c.getAuthentication());
         assertEquals(IpSecManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_ID, c.getSpiResourceId());
+        assertEquals(0, c.getXfrmInterfaceId());
     }
 
     private IpSecConfig getSampleConfig() {
@@ -77,6 +78,7 @@
         c.setNattKeepaliveInterval(42);
         c.setMarkValue(12);
         c.setMarkMask(23);
+        c.setXfrmInterfaceId(34);
 
         return c;
     }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java
index b40921f..84f7359 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_MMS;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED;
-import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PAID;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VPN;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PAID;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_WIFI_P2P;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.RESTRICTED_CAPABILITIES;
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@
 import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.SmallTest;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
 
-
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
@@ -457,6 +456,69 @@
         assertEquals(nc1, nc2);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testSetNetworkSpecifierOnMultiTransportNc() {
+        // Sequence 1: Transport + Transport + NetworkSpecifier
+        NetworkCapabilities nc1 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc1.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR).addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        try {
+            nc1.setNetworkSpecifier(new StringNetworkSpecifier("specs"));
+            fail("Cannot set NetworkSpecifier on a NetworkCapability with multiple transports!");
+        } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
+            // empty
+        }
+
+        // Sequence 2: Transport + NetworkSpecifier + Transport
+        NetworkCapabilities nc2 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc2.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR).setNetworkSpecifier(
+                new StringNetworkSpecifier("specs"));
+        try {
+            nc2.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+            fail("Cannot set a second TransportType of a network which has a NetworkSpecifier!");
+        } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
+            // empty
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSetTransportInfoOnMultiTransportNc() {
+        // Sequence 1: Transport + Transport + TransportInfo
+        NetworkCapabilities nc1 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc1.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR).addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+                .setTransportInfo(new TransportInfo() {});
+
+        // Sequence 2: Transport + NetworkSpecifier + Transport
+        NetworkCapabilities nc2 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc2.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR).setTransportInfo(new TransportInfo() {})
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCombineTransportInfo() {
+        NetworkCapabilities nc1 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc1.setTransportInfo(new TransportInfo() {
+            // empty
+        });
+        NetworkCapabilities nc2 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        // new TransportInfo so that object is not #equals to nc1's TransportInfo (that's where
+        // combine fails)
+        nc2.setTransportInfo(new TransportInfo() {
+            // empty
+        });
+
+        try {
+            nc1.combineCapabilities(nc2);
+            fail("Should not be able to combine NetworkCabilities which contain TransportInfos");
+        } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
+            // empty
+        }
+
+        // verify that can combine with identical TransportInfo objects
+        NetworkCapabilities nc3 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc3.setTransportInfo(nc1.getTransportInfo());
+        nc1.combineCapabilities(nc3);
+    }
+
     private void assertEqualsThroughMarshalling(NetworkCapabilities netCap) {
         Parcel p = Parcel.obtain();
         netCap.writeToParcel(p, /* flags */ 0);
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
index d6dbf5a..1e3a49b 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
@@ -448,22 +448,58 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testWithoutUid() throws Exception {
-        final NetworkStats before = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 3)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 128L, 8L, 0L, 2L, 20L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 512L, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 64L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, 512L, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+    public void testRemoveUids() throws Exception {
+        final NetworkStats before = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 3);
 
-        final NetworkStats after = before.withoutUids(new int[] { 100 });
-        assertEquals(6, before.size());
-        assertEquals(2, after.size());
-        assertValues(after, 0, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
-        assertValues(after, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+        // Test 0 item stats.
+        NetworkStats after = before.clone();
+        after.removeUids(new int[0]);
+        assertEquals(0, after.size());
+        after.removeUids(new int[] {100});
+        assertEquals(0, after.size());
+
+        // Test 1 item stats.
+        before.addValues(TEST_IFACE, 99, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 1L, 128L, 0L, 2L, 20L);
+        after = before.clone();
+        after.removeUids(new int[0]);
+        assertEquals(1, after.size());
+        assertValues(after, 0, TEST_IFACE, 99, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1L, 128L, 0L, 2L, 20L);
+        after.removeUids(new int[] {99});
+        assertEquals(0, after.size());
+
+        // Append remaining test items.
+        before.addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 2L, 64L, 0L, 2L, 20L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 4L, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 8L, 16L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, 16L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 32L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 64L, 2L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+        assertEquals(7, before.size());
+
+        // Test remove with empty uid list.
+        after = before.clone();
+        after.removeUids(new int[0]);
+        assertValues(after.getTotalIncludingTags(null), 127L, 254L, 0L, 4L, 40L);
+
+        // Test remove uids don't exist in stats.
+        after.removeUids(new int[] {98, 0, Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE});
+        assertValues(after.getTotalIncludingTags(null), 127L, 254L, 0L, 4L, 40L);
+
+        // Test remove all uids.
+        after.removeUids(new int[] {99, 100, 100, 101});
+        assertEquals(0, after.size());
+
+        // Test remove in the middle.
+        after = before.clone();
+        after.removeUids(new int[] {100});
+        assertEquals(3, after.size());
+        assertValues(after, 0, TEST_IFACE, 99, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1L, 128L, 0L, 2L, 20L);
+        assertValues(after, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 32L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+        assertValues(after, 2, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 64L, 2L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index 17bcea0..71529fd 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepaliveCallback;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.TooManyRequestsException;
 import android.net.ConnectivityThread;
+import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.INetworkPolicyListener;
 import android.net.INetworkPolicyManager;
 import android.net.INetworkStatsService;
@@ -228,6 +229,7 @@
     @Mock INetworkManagementService mNetworkManagementService;
     @Mock INetworkStatsService mStatsService;
     @Mock INetworkPolicyManager mNpm;
+    @Mock INetd mMockNetd;
 
     private ArgumentCaptor<String[]> mStringArrayCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(String[].class);
 
@@ -926,8 +928,9 @@
 
         public WrappedConnectivityService(Context context, INetworkManagementService netManager,
                 INetworkStatsService statsService, INetworkPolicyManager policyManager,
-                IpConnectivityLog log) {
+                IpConnectivityLog log, INetd netd) {
             super(context, netManager, statsService, policyManager, log);
+            mNetd = netd;
             mLingerDelayMs = TEST_LINGER_DELAY_MS;
         }
 
@@ -1087,7 +1090,8 @@
                 mNetworkManagementService,
                 mStatsService,
                 mNpm,
-                mock(IpConnectivityLog.class));
+                mock(IpConnectivityLog.class),
+                mMockNetd);
 
         final ArgumentCaptor<INetworkPolicyListener> policyListenerCaptor =
                 ArgumentCaptor.forClass(INetworkPolicyListener.class);
@@ -4766,4 +4770,30 @@
         // Clean up
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
     }
+
+    private static final String TEST_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES = "1,2,3,4,5,6";
+
+    private void verifyTcpBufferSizeChange(String tcpBufferSizes) throws Exception {
+        String[] values = tcpBufferSizes.split(",");
+        String rmemValues = String.join(" ", values[0], values[1], values[2]);
+        String wmemValues = String.join(" ", values[3], values[4], values[5]);
+        waitForIdle();
+        verify(mMockNetd, atLeastOnce()).setTcpRWmemorySize(rmemValues, wmemValues);
+        reset(mMockNetd);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testTcpBufferReset() throws Exception {
+        mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        reset(mMockNetd);
+        // Simple connection should have updated tcp buffer size.
+        mCellNetworkAgent.connect(false);
+        verifyTcpBufferSizeChange(ConnectivityService.DEFAULT_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES);
+
+        // Change link Properties should have updated tcp buffer size.
+        LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
+        lp.setTcpBufferSizes(TEST_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
+        verifyTcpBufferSizeChange(TEST_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
index 9b919ab..d8f9618 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
@@ -71,6 +71,9 @@
     private final LinkAddress mLocalInnerAddress;
     private final int mFamily;
 
+    private static final int[] ADDRESS_FAMILIES =
+            new int[] {AF_INET, AF_INET6};
+
     @Parameterized.Parameters
     public static Collection ipSecConfigs() {
         return Arrays.asList(
@@ -196,6 +199,7 @@
                         anyString(),
                         eq(TEST_SPI),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
@@ -231,6 +235,7 @@
                         anyString(),
                         eq(TEST_SPI),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
@@ -304,7 +309,8 @@
                         eq((authCrypt != null) ? authCrypt.getTruncationLengthBits() : 0),
                         eq(config.getEncapType()),
                         eq(encapSocketPort),
-                        eq(config.getEncapRemotePort()));
+                        eq(config.getEncapRemotePort()),
+                        eq(config.getXfrmInterfaceId()));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -430,6 +436,7 @@
                         anyString(),
                         eq(TEST_SPI),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
         // quota is not released until the SPI is released by the Transform
         assertEquals(1, userRecord.mSpiQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
@@ -452,6 +459,7 @@
                         anyString(),
                         eq(TEST_SPI),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
@@ -469,6 +477,7 @@
                         anyString(),
                         anyInt(),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
         assertEquals(0, userRecord.mSpiQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
 
@@ -504,6 +513,7 @@
                         anyString(),
                         eq(TEST_SPI),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
@@ -532,7 +542,7 @@
 
         verify(mMockNetd)
                 .ipSecApplyTransportModeTransform(
-                        eq(pfd.getFileDescriptor()),
+                        eq(pfd),
                         eq(mUid),
                         eq(IpSecManager.DIRECTION_OUT),
                         anyString(),
@@ -545,7 +555,7 @@
         ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.fromSocket(new Socket());
         mIpSecService.removeTransportModeTransforms(pfd);
 
-        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTransportModeTransform(pfd.getFileDescriptor());
+        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTransportModeTransform(pfd);
     }
 
     private IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createAndValidateTunnel(
@@ -572,11 +582,12 @@
 
         assertEquals(1, userRecord.mTunnelQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
         verify(mMockNetd)
-                .addVirtualTunnelInterface(
+                .ipSecAddTunnelInterface(
                         eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName),
                         eq(mSourceAddr),
                         eq(mDestinationAddr),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
     }
 
@@ -591,7 +602,7 @@
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
         assertEquals(0, userRecord.mTunnelQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
-        verify(mMockNetd).removeVirtualTunnelInterface(eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName));
+        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTunnelInterface(eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName));
         try {
             userRecord.mTunnelInterfaceRecords.getRefcountedResourceOrThrow(
                     createTunnelResp.resourceId);
@@ -614,7 +625,7 @@
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
         assertEquals(0, userRecord.mTunnelQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
-        verify(mMockNetd).removeVirtualTunnelInterface(eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName));
+        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTunnelInterface(eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName));
         try {
             userRecord.mTunnelInterfaceRecords.getRefcountedResourceOrThrow(
                     createTunnelResp.resourceId);
@@ -624,6 +635,41 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testApplyTunnelModeTransform() throws Exception {
+        IpSecConfig ipSecConfig = new IpSecConfig();
+        ipSecConfig.setMode(IpSecTransform.MODE_TUNNEL);
+        addDefaultSpisAndRemoteAddrToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
+        addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
+
+        IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
+        IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
+                createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, "blessedPackage");
+
+        int transformResourceId = createTransformResp.resourceId;
+        int tunnelResourceId = createTunnelResp.resourceId;
+        mIpSecService.applyTunnelModeTransform(tunnelResourceId, IpSecManager.DIRECTION_OUT,
+                transformResourceId, "blessedPackage");
+
+        for (int selAddrFamily : ADDRESS_FAMILIES) {
+            verify(mMockNetd)
+                    .ipSecUpdateSecurityPolicy(
+                            eq(mUid),
+                            eq(selAddrFamily),
+                            eq(IpSecManager.DIRECTION_OUT),
+                            anyString(),
+                            anyString(),
+                            eq(TEST_SPI),
+                            anyInt(), // iKey/oKey
+                            anyInt(), // mask
+                            eq(tunnelResourceId));
+        }
+
+        ipSecConfig.setXfrmInterfaceId(tunnelResourceId);
+        verifyTransformNetdCalledForCreatingSA(ipSecConfig, createTransformResp);
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testAddRemoveAddressFromTunnelInterface() throws Exception {
         for (String pkgName : new String[]{"blessedPackage", "systemPackage"}) {
             IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
index 2c94a60..724446e 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@
         ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.fromSocket(new Socket());
         mIpSecService.removeTransportModeTransforms(pfd);
 
-        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTransportModeTransform(pfd.getFileDescriptor());
+        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTransportModeTransform(pfd);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -620,10 +620,10 @@
                 mIpSecService.openUdpEncapsulationSocket(0, new Binder());
 
         FileDescriptor sockFd = udpEncapResp.fileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor();
-        ArgumentMatcher<FileDescriptor> fdMatcher = (arg) -> {
+        ArgumentMatcher<ParcelFileDescriptor> fdMatcher = (arg) -> {
                     try {
                         StructStat sockStat = Os.fstat(sockFd);
-                        StructStat argStat = Os.fstat(arg);
+                        StructStat argStat = Os.fstat(arg.getFileDescriptor());
 
                         return sockStat.st_ino == argStat.st_ino
                                 && sockStat.st_dev == argStat.st_dev;
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java
index af7123b..f2bd770 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java
@@ -27,9 +27,17 @@
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS;
 import static android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID;
 
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.PermissionMonitor.NETWORK;
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.PermissionMonitor.SYSTEM;
+
+import static junit.framework.Assert.fail;
+
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyInt;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
@@ -40,6 +48,8 @@
 import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
@@ -48,12 +58,19 @@
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+import org.mockito.invocation.InvocationOnMock;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
 
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
 public class PermissionMonitorTest {
-    private static final int MOCK_UID = 10001;
-    private static final String[] MOCK_PACKAGE_NAMES = new String[] { "com.foo.bar" };
+    private static final int MOCK_USER1 = 0;
+    private static final int MOCK_USER2 = 1;
+    private static final int MOCK_UID1 = 10001;
+    private static final String MOCK_PACKAGE1 = "appName1";
+    private static final String SYSTEM_PACKAGE1 = "sysName1";
+    private static final String SYSTEM_PACKAGE2 = "sysName2";
     private static final String PARTITION_SYSTEM = "system";
     private static final String PARTITION_OEM = "oem";
     private static final String PARTITION_PRODUCT = "product";
@@ -63,6 +80,7 @@
 
     @Mock private Context mContext;
     @Mock private PackageManager mPackageManager;
+    @Mock private INetworkManagementService mNMS;
 
     private PermissionMonitor mPermissionMonitor;
 
@@ -70,8 +88,7 @@
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
         when(mContext.getPackageManager()).thenReturn(mPackageManager);
-        when(mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(anyInt())).thenReturn(MOCK_PACKAGE_NAMES);
-        mPermissionMonitor = spy(new PermissionMonitor(mContext, null));
+        mPermissionMonitor = spy(new PermissionMonitor(mContext, mNMS));
     }
 
     private boolean hasBgPermission(String partition, int targetSdkVersion, int uid,
@@ -80,7 +97,8 @@
         packageInfo.applicationInfo.targetSdkVersion = targetSdkVersion;
         packageInfo.applicationInfo.uid = uid;
         when(mPackageManager.getPackageInfoAsUser(
-                eq(MOCK_PACKAGE_NAMES[0]), eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt())).thenReturn(packageInfo);
+                eq(MOCK_PACKAGE1), eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt())).thenReturn(packageInfo);
+        when(mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(anyInt())).thenReturn(new String[] {MOCK_PACKAGE1});
         return mPermissionMonitor.hasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission(uid);
     }
 
@@ -143,16 +161,16 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testHasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission() throws Exception {
-        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID));
-        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE));
-        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID, NETWORK_STACK));
-        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL));
-        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID,
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, NETWORK_STACK));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1,
                 CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS));
-        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
 
-        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID));
-        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID1));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -172,15 +190,150 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testHasUseBackgroundNetworksPermissionVendorApp() throws Exception {
-        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID));
-        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE));
-        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID, NETWORK_STACK));
-        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL));
-        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID,
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, NETWORK_STACK));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1,
                 CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS));
-        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
 
-        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID));
-        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID1));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
+    }
+
+    private class NMSMonitor {
+        private final HashMap<Integer, Boolean> mApps = new HashMap<>();
+
+        NMSMonitor(INetworkManagementService mockNMS) throws Exception {
+            // Add hook to verify and track result of setPermission.
+            doAnswer((InvocationOnMock invocation) -> {
+                final Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();
+                final Boolean isSystem = args[0].equals("SYSTEM");
+                for (final int uid : (int[]) args[1]) {
+                    // TODO: Currently, permission monitor will send duplicate commands for each uid
+                    // corresponding to each user. Need to fix that and uncomment below test.
+                    // if (mApps.containsKey(uid) && mApps.get(uid) == isSystem) {
+                    //     fail("uid " + uid + " is already set to " + isSystem);
+                    // }
+                    mApps.put(uid, isSystem);
+                }
+                return null;
+            }).when(mockNMS).setPermission(anyString(), any(int[].class));
+
+            // Add hook to verify and track result of clearPermission.
+            doAnswer((InvocationOnMock invocation) -> {
+                final Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();
+                for (final int uid : (int[]) args[0]) {
+                    // TODO: Currently, permission monitor will send duplicate commands for each uid
+                    // corresponding to each user. Need to fix that and uncomment below test.
+                    // if (!mApps.containsKey(uid)) {
+                    //     fail("uid " + uid + " does not exist.");
+                    // }
+                    mApps.remove(uid);
+                }
+                return null;
+            }).when(mockNMS).clearPermission(any(int[].class));
+        }
+
+        public void expectPermission(Boolean permission, int[] users, int[] apps) {
+            for (final int user : users) {
+                for (final int app : apps) {
+                    final int uid = UserHandle.getUid(user, app);
+                    if (!mApps.containsKey(uid)) {
+                        fail("uid " + uid + " does not exist.");
+                    }
+                    if (mApps.get(uid) != permission) {
+                        fail("uid " + uid + " has wrong permission: " +  permission);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void expectNoPermission(int[] users, int[] apps) {
+            for (final int user : users) {
+                for (final int app : apps) {
+                    final int uid = UserHandle.getUid(user, app);
+                    if (mApps.containsKey(uid)) {
+                        fail("uid " + uid + " has listed permissions, expected none.");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUserAndPackageAddRemove() throws Exception {
+        final NMSMonitor mNMSMonitor = new NMSMonitor(mNMS);
+
+        // MOCK_UID1: MOCK_PACKAGE1 only has network permission.
+        // SYSTEM_UID: SYSTEM_PACKAGE1 has system permission.
+        // SYSTEM_UID: SYSTEM_PACKAGE2 only has network permission.
+        doReturn(SYSTEM).when(mPermissionMonitor).highestPermissionForUid(eq(SYSTEM), anyString());
+        doReturn(SYSTEM).when(mPermissionMonitor).highestPermissionForUid(any(),
+                eq(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1));
+        doReturn(NETWORK).when(mPermissionMonitor).highestPermissionForUid(any(),
+                eq(SYSTEM_PACKAGE2));
+        doReturn(NETWORK).when(mPermissionMonitor).highestPermissionForUid(any(),
+                eq(MOCK_PACKAGE1));
+
+        // Add SYSTEM_PACKAGE2, expect only have network permission.
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserAdded(MOCK_USER1);
+        addPackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER1}, SYSTEM_PACKAGE2, SYSTEM_UID);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(NETWORK, new int[]{MOCK_USER1}, new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+
+        // Add SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, expect permission escalate.
+        addPackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER1}, SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_UID);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(SYSTEM, new int[]{MOCK_USER1}, new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserAdded(MOCK_USER2);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(SYSTEM, new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+
+        addPackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2}, MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID1);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(SYSTEM, new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(NETWORK, new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{MOCK_UID1});
+
+        // Remove MOCK_UID1, expect no permission left for all user.
+        mPermissionMonitor.onPackageRemoved(MOCK_UID1);
+        removePackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2}, MOCK_UID1);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectNoPermission(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2}, new int[]{MOCK_UID1});
+
+        // Remove SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, expect permission downgrade.
+        when(mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(anyInt())).thenReturn(new String[]{SYSTEM_PACKAGE2});
+        removePackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2}, SYSTEM_UID);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(NETWORK, new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserRemoved(MOCK_USER1);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(NETWORK, new int[]{MOCK_USER2}, new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+
+        // Remove all packages, expect no permission left.
+        when(mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(anyInt())).thenReturn(new String[]{});
+        removePackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER2}, SYSTEM_UID);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectNoPermission(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{SYSTEM_UID, MOCK_UID1});
+
+        // Remove last user, expect no redundant clearPermission is invoked.
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserRemoved(MOCK_USER2);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectNoPermission(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{SYSTEM_UID, MOCK_UID1});
+    }
+
+    // Normal package add/remove operations will trigger multiple intent for uids corresponding to
+    // each user. To simulate generic package operations, the onPackageAdded/Removed will need to be
+    // called multiple times with the uid corresponding to each user.
+    private void addPackageForUsers(int[] users, String packageName, int uid) {
+        for (final int user : users) {
+            mPermissionMonitor.onPackageAdded(packageName, UserHandle.getUid(user, uid));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void removePackageForUsers(int[] users, int uid) {
+        for (final int user : users) {
+            mPermissionMonitor.onPackageRemoved(UserHandle.getUid(user, uid));
+        }
     }
 }