diff --git a/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java b/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
index 92b30a4..63ba00b 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
@@ -3668,7 +3668,8 @@
     /**
      * Registers to receive notifications about all networks which satisfy the given
      * {@link NetworkRequest}.  The callbacks will continue to be called until
-     * either the application exits or link #unregisterNetworkCallback(NetworkCallback)} is called.
+     * either the application exits or {@link #unregisterNetworkCallback(NetworkCallback)} is
+     * called.
      *
      * @param request {@link NetworkRequest} describing this request.
      * @param networkCallback The {@link NetworkCallback} that the system will call as suitable
@@ -3684,7 +3685,8 @@
     /**
      * Registers to receive notifications about all networks which satisfy the given
      * {@link NetworkRequest}.  The callbacks will continue to be called until
-     * either the application exits or link #unregisterNetworkCallback(NetworkCallback)} is called.
+     * either the application exits or {@link #unregisterNetworkCallback(NetworkCallback)} is
+     * called.
      *
      * @param request {@link NetworkRequest} describing this request.
      * @param networkCallback The {@link NetworkCallback} that the system will call as suitable
@@ -4275,6 +4277,8 @@
      * @return {@code uid} if the connection is found and the app has permission to observe it
      * (e.g., if it is associated with the calling VPN app's tunnel) or
      * {@link android.os.Process#INVALID_UID} if the connection is not found.
+     * Throws {@link SecurityException} if the caller is not the active VPN for the current user.
+     * Throws {@link IllegalArgumentException} if an unsupported protocol is requested.
      */
     public int getConnectionOwnerUid(int protocol, @NonNull InetSocketAddress local,
             @NonNull InetSocketAddress remote) {
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl b/core/java/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
index 83bb3a0..84036ca 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
+++ b/core/java/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
@@ -122,8 +122,6 @@
 
     LegacyVpnInfo getLegacyVpnInfo(int userId);
 
-    VpnInfo[] getAllVpnInfo();
-
     boolean updateLockdownVpn();
     boolean isAlwaysOnVpnPackageSupported(int userId, String packageName);
     boolean setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(int userId, String packageName, boolean lockdown,
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/InetAddresses.java b/core/java/android/net/InetAddresses.java
index 8e6c69a..01b795e 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/InetAddresses.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/InetAddresses.java
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+
 import libcore.net.InetAddressUtils;
 
 import java.net.InetAddress;
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@
      * @param address the address to parse.
      * @return true if the supplied address is numeric, false otherwise.
      */
-    public static boolean isNumericAddress(String address) {
+    public static boolean isNumericAddress(@NonNull String address) {
         return InetAddressUtils.isNumericAddress(address);
     }
 
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@
      * @return an {@link InetAddress} instance corresponding to the address.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code address} is not a numeric address.
      */
-    public static InetAddress parseNumericAddress(String address) {
+    public static @NonNull InetAddress parseNumericAddress(@NonNull String address) {
         return InetAddressUtils.parseNumericAddress(address);
     }
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkMisc.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkMisc.java
index daa2640..c0487b5 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkMisc.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkMisc.java
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 
     /**
      * Set if the user desires to use this network even if it is unvalidated. This field has meaning
-     * only if {#link explicitlySelected} is true. If it is, this field must also be set to the
+     * only if {@link explicitlySelected} is true. If it is, this field must also be set to the
      * appropriate value based on previous user choice.
      */
     public boolean acceptUnvalidated;
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index 9806ca0..cc3e6fb 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -2381,6 +2381,11 @@
 
             pw.decreaseIndent();
         }
+
+        pw.println();
+        pw.println("NetworkStackClient logs:");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
+        NetworkStackClient.getInstance().dump(pw);
     }
 
     private void dumpNetworks(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
@@ -4091,12 +4096,14 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Return the information of all ongoing VPNs. This method is used by NetworkStatsService
-     * and not available in ConnectivityManager.
+     * Return the information of all ongoing VPNs.
+     *
+     * <p>This method is used to update NetworkStatsService.
+     *
+     * <p>Must be called on the handler thread.
      */
-    @Override
-    public VpnInfo[] getAllVpnInfo() {
-        enforceConnectivityInternalPermission();
+    private VpnInfo[] getAllVpnInfo() {
+        ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
         synchronized (mVpns) {
             if (mLockdownEnabled) {
                 return new VpnInfo[0];
@@ -6394,6 +6401,7 @@
      * Must be called on the handler thread.
      */
     private Network[] getDefaultNetworks() {
+        ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
         ArrayList<Network> defaultNetworks = new ArrayList<>();
         NetworkAgentInfo defaultNetwork = getDefaultNetwork();
         for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos.values()) {
@@ -6409,8 +6417,15 @@
      * properties tracked by NetworkStatsService on an active iface has changed.
      */
     private void notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats() {
+        ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
+        String activeIface = null;
+        LinkProperties activeLinkProperties = getActiveLinkProperties();
+        if (activeLinkProperties != null) {
+            activeIface = activeLinkProperties.getInterfaceName();
+        }
         try {
-            mStatsService.forceUpdateIfaces(getDefaultNetworks());
+            mStatsService.forceUpdateIfaces(
+                    getDefaultNetworks(), getAllVpnInfo(), getAllNetworkState(), activeIface);
         } catch (Exception ignored) {
         }
     }
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
index 420b23e..d84a4d2 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
@@ -19,10 +19,11 @@
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.INTERNET;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK;
-import static android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM;
-import static android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo.FLAG_UPDATED_SYSTEM_APP;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.MATCH_ANY_USER;
 import static android.os.Process.INVALID_UID;
 import static android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID;
 
@@ -32,23 +33,31 @@
 import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
+import android.content.pm.PackageManagerInternal;
 import android.content.pm.UserInfo;
-import android.net.Uri;
+import android.net.INetd;
+import android.net.util.NetdService;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.os.UserManager;
 import android.util.Log;
+import android.util.Slog;
+import android.util.SparseIntArray;
 
+import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
+import com.android.server.LocalServices;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Map.Entry;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Map.Entry;
 import java.util.Set;
 
 /**
@@ -75,6 +84,59 @@
     // Keys are App IDs. Values are true for SYSTEM permission and false for NETWORK permission.
     private final Map<Integer, Boolean> mApps = new HashMap<>();
 
+    // Keys are App packageNames, Values are app uids. . We need to keep track of this information
+    // because PackageListObserver#onPackageRemoved does not pass the UID.
+    @GuardedBy("mPackageNameUidMap")
+    private final Map<String, Integer> mPackageNameUidMap = new HashMap<>();
+
+    private class PackageListObserver implements PackageManagerInternal.PackageListObserver {
+        @Override
+        public void onPackageAdded(String packageName) {
+            final PackageInfo app = getPackageInfo(packageName);
+            if (app == null) {
+                Slog.wtf(TAG, "Failed to get information of installed package: " + packageName);
+                return;
+            }
+            int uid = (app.applicationInfo != null) ? app.applicationInfo.uid : INVALID_UID;
+            if (uid == INVALID_UID) {
+                Slog.wtf(TAG, "Failed to get the uid of installed package: " + packageName
+                        + "uid: " + uid);
+                return;
+            }
+            if (app.requestedPermissions == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            sendPackagePermissionsForUid(uid,
+                    filterPermission(Arrays.asList(app.requestedPermissions)));
+            synchronized (mPackageNameUidMap) {
+                mPackageNameUidMap.put(packageName, uid);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onPackageRemoved(String packageName) {
+            int uid;
+            synchronized (mPackageNameUidMap) {
+                if (!mPackageNameUidMap.containsKey(packageName)) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                uid = mPackageNameUidMap.get(packageName);
+                mPackageNameUidMap.remove(packageName);
+            }
+            int permission = 0;
+            String[] packages = mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(uid);
+            if (packages != null && packages.length > 0) {
+                for (String name : packages) {
+                    final PackageInfo app = getPackageInfo(name);
+                    if (app != null && app.requestedPermissions != null) {
+                        permission |= filterPermission(Arrays.asList(app.requestedPermissions));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            sendPackagePermissionsForUid(uid, permission);
+        }
+    }
+
     public PermissionMonitor(Context context, INetworkManagementService netd) {
         mContext = context;
         mPackageManager = context.getPackageManager();
@@ -87,12 +149,21 @@
     public synchronized void startMonitoring() {
         log("Monitoring");
 
-        List<PackageInfo> apps = mPackageManager.getInstalledPackages(GET_PERMISSIONS);
+        PackageManagerInternal pmi = LocalServices.getService(PackageManagerInternal.class);
+        if (pmi != null) {
+            pmi.getPackageList(new PackageListObserver());
+        } else {
+            loge("failed to get the PackageManagerInternal service");
+        }
+        List<PackageInfo> apps = mPackageManager.getInstalledPackages(GET_PERMISSIONS
+                | MATCH_ANY_USER);
         if (apps == null) {
             loge("No apps");
             return;
         }
 
+        SparseIntArray netdPermsUids = new SparseIntArray();
+
         for (PackageInfo app : apps) {
             int uid = app.applicationInfo != null ? app.applicationInfo.uid : INVALID_UID;
             if (uid < 0) {
@@ -110,6 +181,17 @@
                     mApps.put(uid, hasRestrictedPermission);
                 }
             }
+
+            //TODO: unify the management of the permissions into one codepath.
+            if (app.requestedPermissions != null) {
+                int otherNetdPerms = filterPermission(Arrays.asList(app.requestedPermissions));
+                if (otherNetdPerms != 0) {
+                    netdPermsUids.put(uid, netdPermsUids.get(uid) | otherNetdPerms);
+                    synchronized (mPackageNameUidMap) {
+                        mPackageNameUidMap.put(app.applicationInfo.packageName, uid);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         List<UserInfo> users = mUserManager.getUsers(true);  // exclude dying users
@@ -121,6 +203,7 @@
 
         log("Users: " + mUsers.size() + ", Apps: " + mApps.size());
         update(mUsers, mApps, true);
+        sendPackagePermissionsToNetd(netdPermsUids);
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -339,6 +422,107 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private static int filterPermission(List<String> requestedPermissions) {
+        int permissions = 0;
+        if (requestedPermissions.contains(INTERNET)) {
+            permissions |= INetd.PERMISSION_INTERNET;
+        }
+        if (requestedPermissions.contains(UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS)) {
+            permissions |= INetd.PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS;
+        }
+        return permissions;
+    }
+
+    private PackageInfo getPackageInfo(String packageName) {
+        try {
+            PackageInfo app = mPackageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName, GET_PERMISSIONS
+                    | MATCH_ANY_USER);
+            return app;
+        } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
+            // App not found.
+            loge("NameNotFoundException " + packageName);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called by PackageListObserver when a package is installed/uninstalled. Send the updated
+     * permission information to netd.
+     *
+     * @param uid the app uid of the package installed
+     * @param permissions the permissions the app requested and netd cares about.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    private void sendPackagePermissionsForUid(int uid, int permissions) {
+        SparseIntArray netdPermissionsAppIds = new SparseIntArray();
+        netdPermissionsAppIds.put(uid, permissions);
+        sendPackagePermissionsToNetd(netdPermissionsAppIds);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called by packageManagerService to send IPC to netd. Grant or revoke the INTERNET
+     * and/or UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS permission of the uids in array.
+     *
+     * @param netdPermissionsAppIds integer pairs of uids and the permission granted to it. If the
+     * permission is 0, revoke all permissions of that uid.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    private void sendPackagePermissionsToNetd(SparseIntArray netdPermissionsAppIds) {
+        INetd netdService = NetdService.getInstance();
+        if (netdService == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get the netd service");
+            return;
+        }
+        ArrayList<Integer> allPermissionAppIds = new ArrayList<>();
+        ArrayList<Integer> internetPermissionAppIds = new ArrayList<>();
+        ArrayList<Integer> updateStatsPermissionAppIds = new ArrayList<>();
+        ArrayList<Integer> uninstalledAppIds = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < netdPermissionsAppIds.size(); i++) {
+            int permissions = netdPermissionsAppIds.valueAt(i);
+            switch(permissions) {
+                case (INetd.PERMISSION_INTERNET | INetd.PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS):
+                    allPermissionAppIds.add(netdPermissionsAppIds.keyAt(i));
+                    break;
+                case INetd.PERMISSION_INTERNET:
+                    internetPermissionAppIds.add(netdPermissionsAppIds.keyAt(i));
+                    break;
+                case INetd.PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS:
+                    updateStatsPermissionAppIds.add(netdPermissionsAppIds.keyAt(i));
+                    break;
+                case INetd.NO_PERMISSIONS:
+                    uninstalledAppIds.add(netdPermissionsAppIds.keyAt(i));
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    Log.e(TAG, "unknown permission type: " + permissions + "for uid: "
+                            + netdPermissionsAppIds.keyAt(i));
+            }
+        }
+        try {
+            // TODO: add a lock inside netd to protect IPC trafficSetNetPermForUids()
+            if (allPermissionAppIds.size() != 0) {
+                netdService.trafficSetNetPermForUids(
+                        INetd.PERMISSION_INTERNET | INetd.PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS,
+                        ArrayUtils.convertToIntArray(allPermissionAppIds));
+            }
+            if (internetPermissionAppIds.size() != 0) {
+                netdService.trafficSetNetPermForUids(INetd.PERMISSION_INTERNET,
+                        ArrayUtils.convertToIntArray(internetPermissionAppIds));
+            }
+            if (updateStatsPermissionAppIds.size() != 0) {
+                netdService.trafficSetNetPermForUids(INetd.PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS,
+                        ArrayUtils.convertToIntArray(updateStatsPermissionAppIds));
+            }
+            if (uninstalledAppIds.size() != 0) {
+                netdService.trafficSetNetPermForUids(INetd.NO_PERMISSIONS,
+                        ArrayUtils.convertToIntArray(uninstalledAppIds));
+            }
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Pass appId list of special permission failed." + e);
+        }
+    }
+
     private static void log(String s) {
         if (DBG) {
             Log.d(TAG, s);
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index c126026..b460c90 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.net.NetworkSpecifier;
 import android.net.NetworkStackClient;
+import android.net.NetworkState;
 import android.net.NetworkUtils;
 import android.net.ProxyInfo;
 import android.net.RouteInfo;
@@ -156,6 +157,7 @@
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnConfig;
+import com.android.internal.net.VpnInfo;
 import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
 import com.android.internal.util.WakeupMessage;
 import com.android.internal.util.test.BroadcastInterceptingContext;
@@ -4273,48 +4275,91 @@
         mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
 
-        Network[] onlyCell = new Network[]{mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork()};
-        Network[] onlyWifi = new Network[]{mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork()};
+        Network[] onlyCell = new Network[] {mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork()};
+        Network[] onlyWifi = new Network[] {mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork()};
+
+        LinkProperties cellLp = new LinkProperties();
+        cellLp.setInterfaceName(MOBILE_IFNAME);
+        LinkProperties wifiLp = new LinkProperties();
+        wifiLp.setInterfaceName(WIFI_IFNAME);
 
         // Simple connection should have updated ifaces
         mCellNetworkAgent.connect(false);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(cellLp);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce())
+                .forceUpdateIfaces(
+                        eq(onlyCell),
+                        eq(new VpnInfo[0]),
+                        any(NetworkState[].class),
+                        eq(MOBILE_IFNAME));
         reset(mStatsService);
 
         // Default network switch should update ifaces.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(false);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(wifiLp);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyWifi);
+        assertEquals(wifiLp, mService.getActiveLinkProperties());
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce())
+                .forceUpdateIfaces(
+                        eq(onlyWifi),
+                        eq(new VpnInfo[0]),
+                        any(NetworkState[].class),
+                        eq(WIFI_IFNAME));
         reset(mStatsService);
 
         // Disconnect should update ifaces.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce())
+                .forceUpdateIfaces(
+                        eq(onlyCell),
+                        eq(new VpnInfo[0]),
+                        any(NetworkState[].class),
+                        eq(MOBILE_IFNAME));
         reset(mStatsService);
 
         // Metered change should update ifaces
         mCellNetworkAgent.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce())
+                .forceUpdateIfaces(
+                        eq(onlyCell),
+                        eq(new VpnInfo[0]),
+                        any(NetworkState[].class),
+                        eq(MOBILE_IFNAME));
         reset(mStatsService);
 
         mCellNetworkAgent.removeCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce())
+                .forceUpdateIfaces(
+                        eq(onlyCell),
+                        eq(new VpnInfo[0]),
+                        any(NetworkState[].class),
+                        eq(MOBILE_IFNAME));
         reset(mStatsService);
 
         // Captive portal change shouldn't update ifaces
         mCellNetworkAgent.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, never()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
+        verify(mStatsService, never())
+                .forceUpdateIfaces(
+                        eq(onlyCell),
+                        eq(new VpnInfo[0]),
+                        any(NetworkState[].class),
+                        eq(MOBILE_IFNAME));
         reset(mStatsService);
 
         // Roaming change should update ifaces
         mCellNetworkAgent.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce()).forceUpdateIfaces(onlyCell);
+        verify(mStatsService, atLeastOnce())
+                .forceUpdateIfaces(
+                        eq(onlyCell),
+                        eq(new VpnInfo[0]),
+                        any(NetworkState[].class),
+                        eq(MOBILE_IFNAME));
         reset(mStatsService);
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
index f169d6b..b5d1ff9 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_VPN;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI;
+import static android.net.RouteInfo.RTN_UNREACHABLE;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
@@ -775,6 +777,16 @@
         // V4 does not, but V6 has sufficient coverage again
         lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix("::/1")));
         assertTrue(Vpn.providesRoutesToMostDestinations(lp));
+
+        lp.clear();
+        // V4-unreachable route should not be treated as sufficient coverage
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(Inet4Address.ANY, 0), RTN_UNREACHABLE));
+        assertFalse(Vpn.providesRoutesToMostDestinations(lp));
+
+        lp.clear();
+        // V6-unreachable route should not be treated as sufficient coverage
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(Inet6Address.ANY, 0), RTN_UNREACHABLE));
+        assertFalse(Vpn.providesRoutesToMostDestinations(lp));
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
index f89f303..d91d3eb 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.net.DataUsageRequest;
-import android.net.IConnectivityManager;
 import android.net.INetworkManagementEventObserver;
 import android.net.INetworkStatsSession;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
@@ -163,7 +162,6 @@
 
     private @Mock INetworkManagementService mNetManager;
     private @Mock NetworkStatsSettings mSettings;
-    private @Mock IConnectivityManager mConnManager;
     private @Mock IBinder mBinder;
     private @Mock AlarmManager mAlarmManager;
     private HandlerThread mHandlerThread;
@@ -205,7 +203,6 @@
         Handler.Callback callback = new NetworkStatsService.HandlerCallback(mService);
         mHandler = new Handler(mHandlerThread.getLooper(), callback);
         mService.setHandler(mHandler, callback);
-        mService.bindConnectivityManager(mConnManager);
 
         mElapsedRealtime = 0L;
 
@@ -234,7 +231,6 @@
 
         mNetManager = null;
         mSettings = null;
-        mConnManager = null;
 
         mSession.close();
         mService = null;
@@ -245,12 +241,12 @@
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildWifiState());
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
         // verify service has empty history for wifi
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
@@ -289,12 +285,12 @@
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildWifiState());
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
         // verify service has empty history for wifi
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
@@ -363,12 +359,12 @@
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
         expectSettings(0L, HOUR_IN_MILLIS, WEEK_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectNetworkState(buildWifiState());
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
 
         // modify some number on wifi, and trigger poll event
@@ -405,12 +401,12 @@
     public void testUidStatsAcrossNetworks() throws Exception {
         // pretend first mobile network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1));
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
 
         // create some traffic on first network
@@ -437,7 +433,7 @@
         // disappearing, to verify we don't count backwards.
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildMobile3gState(IMSI_2));
+        states = new NetworkState[] {buildMobile3gState(IMSI_2)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .addIfaceValues(TEST_IFACE, 2048L, 16L, 512L, 4L));
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 3)
@@ -446,7 +442,7 @@
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 512L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L));
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
 
@@ -481,12 +477,12 @@
     public void testUidRemovedIsMoved() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildWifiState());
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
 
         // create some traffic
@@ -540,12 +536,12 @@
     public void testUid3g4gCombinedByTemplate() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1));
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
 
         // create some traffic
@@ -566,14 +562,14 @@
         // now switch over to 4g network
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildMobile4gState(TEST_IFACE2));
+        states = new NetworkState[] {buildMobile4gState(TEST_IFACE2)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 1024L, 8L, 1024L, 8L, 0L)
                 .addValues(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 512L, 4L, 512L, 4L, 0L));
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
 
@@ -598,12 +594,12 @@
     public void testSummaryForAllUid() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildWifiState());
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
 
         // create some traffic for two apps
@@ -657,12 +653,12 @@
     public void testDetailedUidStats() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildWifiState());
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
         NetworkStats.Entry entry1 = new NetworkStats.Entry(
                 TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 50L, 5L, 50L, 5L, 0L);
@@ -700,13 +696,13 @@
         stackedProp.setInterfaceName(stackedIface);
         final NetworkState wifiState = buildWifiState();
         wifiState.linkProperties.addStackedLink(stackedProp);
-        expectNetworkState(wifiState);
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {wifiState};
 
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
         NetworkStats.Entry uidStats = new NetworkStats.Entry(
                 TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 1024L, 8L, 512L, 4L, 0L);
@@ -745,12 +741,12 @@
     public void testForegroundBackground() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildWifiState());
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
 
         // create some initial traffic
@@ -803,12 +799,12 @@
     public void testMetered() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildWifiState(true /* isMetered */));
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState(true /* isMetered */)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
 
         // create some initial traffic
@@ -843,12 +839,13 @@
     public void testRoaming() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1, true /* isRoaming */));
+        NetworkState[] states =
+            new NetworkState[] {buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1, true /* isRoaming */)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
 
         // Create some traffic
@@ -882,12 +879,12 @@
     public void testTethering() throws Exception {
         // pretend first mobile network comes online
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1));
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildMobile3gState(IMSI_1)};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_MOBILE, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
 
         // create some tethering traffic
@@ -925,12 +922,12 @@
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
         expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkState(buildWifiState());
+        NetworkState[] states = new NetworkState[] {buildWifiState()};
         expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
 
-        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI);
+        mService.forceUpdateIfaces(NETWORKS_WIFI, new VpnInfo[0], states, getActiveIface(states));
 
         // verify service has empty history for wifi
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
@@ -1077,11 +1074,11 @@
         expectBandwidthControlCheck();
     }
 
-    private void expectNetworkState(NetworkState... state) throws Exception {
-        when(mConnManager.getAllNetworkState()).thenReturn(state);
-
-        final LinkProperties linkProp = state.length > 0 ? state[0].linkProperties : null;
-        when(mConnManager.getActiveLinkProperties()).thenReturn(linkProp);
+    private String getActiveIface(NetworkState... states) throws Exception {
+        if (states == null || states.length == 0 || states[0].linkProperties == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return states[0].linkProperties.getInterfaceName();
     }
 
     private void expectNetworkStatsSummary(NetworkStats summary) throws Exception {
@@ -1090,8 +1087,6 @@
 
     private void expectNetworkStatsSummary(NetworkStats summary, NetworkStats tetherStats)
             throws Exception {
-        when(mConnManager.getAllVpnInfo()).thenReturn(new VpnInfo[0]);
-
         expectNetworkStatsTethering(STATS_PER_IFACE, tetherStats);
         expectNetworkStatsSummaryDev(summary.clone());
         expectNetworkStatsSummaryXt(summary.clone());