diff --git a/Tethering/Android.bp b/Tethering/Android.bp
index 19bcff9..e84573b 100644
--- a/Tethering/Android.bp
+++ b/Tethering/Android.bp
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
 // Due to b/143733063, APK can't access a jni lib that is in APEX (but not in the APK).
 cc_library {
     name: "libcom_android_networkstack_tethering_util_jni",
-    sdk_version: "30",
+    sdk_version: "current",
     apex_available: [
         "com.android.tethering",
     ],
diff --git a/common/flags.aconfig b/common/flags.aconfig
index 55a96ac..6c3e89d 100644
--- a/common/flags.aconfig
+++ b/common/flags.aconfig
@@ -99,3 +99,11 @@
   description: "Flag for oem deny chains blocked reasons API"
   bug: "328732146"
 }
+
+flag {
+  name: "blocked_reason_network_restricted"
+  is_exported: true
+  namespace: "android_core_networking"
+  description: "Flag for BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED API"
+  bug: "339559837"
+}
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
index 48d40e6..b21e22a 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
@@ -1782,16 +1782,16 @@
         if (!hasServiceName && !hasServiceType && serviceInfo.getPort() == 0) {
             return ServiceValidationType.NO_SERVICE;
         }
-        if (hasServiceName && hasServiceType) {
-            if (serviceInfo.getPort() < 0) {
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid port");
-            }
-            if (serviceInfo.getPort() == 0) {
-                return ServiceValidationType.HAS_SERVICE_ZERO_PORT;
-            }
-            return ServiceValidationType.HAS_SERVICE;
+        if (!hasServiceName || !hasServiceType) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The service name or the service type is missing");
         }
-        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The service name or the service type is missing");
+        if (serviceInfo.getPort() < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid port");
+        }
+        if (serviceInfo.getPort() == 0) {
+            return ServiceValidationType.HAS_SERVICE_ZERO_PORT;
+        }
+        return ServiceValidationType.HAS_SERVICE;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt b/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
index d233f3e..cd7307f 100644
--- a/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
+++ b/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
     field public static final int BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE = 2; // 0x2
     field public static final int BLOCKED_REASON_LOCKDOWN_VPN = 16; // 0x10
     field public static final int BLOCKED_REASON_LOW_POWER_STANDBY = 32; // 0x20
+    field @FlaggedApi("com.android.net.flags.blocked_reason_network_restricted") public static final int BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED = 256; // 0x100
     field public static final int BLOCKED_REASON_NONE = 0; // 0x0
     field @FlaggedApi("com.android.net.flags.blocked_reason_oem_deny_chains") public static final int BLOCKED_REASON_OEM_DENY = 128; // 0x80
     field public static final int BLOCKED_REASON_RESTRICTED_MODE = 8; // 0x8
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java b/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
index 48ed732..0b37fa5 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
@@ -132,6 +132,8 @@
                 "com.android.net.flags.metered_network_firewall_chains";
         static final String BLOCKED_REASON_OEM_DENY_CHAINS =
                 "com.android.net.flags.blocked_reason_oem_deny_chains";
+        static final String BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED =
+                "com.android.net.flags.blocked_reason_network_restricted";
     }
 
     /**
@@ -928,6 +930,17 @@
     public static final int BLOCKED_REASON_OEM_DENY = 1 << 7;
 
     /**
+     * Flag to indicate that an app does not have permission to access the specified network,
+     * for example, because it does not have the {@link android.Manifest.permission#INTERNET}
+     * permission.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @FlaggedApi(Flags.BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED)
+    @SystemApi(client = SystemApi.Client.MODULE_LIBRARIES)
+    public static final int BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED = 1 << 8;
+
+    /**
      * Flag to indicate that an app is subject to Data saver restrictions that would
      * result in its metered network access being blocked.
      *
@@ -968,6 +981,7 @@
             BLOCKED_REASON_LOW_POWER_STANDBY,
             BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND,
             BLOCKED_REASON_OEM_DENY,
+            BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED,
             BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_DATA_SAVER,
             BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED,
             BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_ADMIN_DISABLED,
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyManagerTest.java
index 832ac03..576e806 100644
--- a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyManagerTest.java
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyManagerTest.java
@@ -28,9 +28,7 @@
 import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 
 import android.app.UiAutomation;
-import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
-import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
-import android.bluetooth.cts.BTAdapterUtils;
+import android.bluetooth.test_utils.EnableBluetoothRule;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.location.LocationManager;
 import android.nearby.BroadcastCallback;
@@ -58,6 +56,7 @@
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.ClassRule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
@@ -76,6 +75,9 @@
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
 public class NearbyManagerTest {
+
+    @ClassRule static final EnableBluetoothRule sEnableBluetooth = new EnableBluetoothRule();
+
     private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[]{1, 2};
     private static final byte[] SECRET_ID = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
     private static final byte[] META_DATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY = new byte[14];
@@ -128,8 +130,6 @@
 
         mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
         mNearbyManager = mContext.getSystemService(NearbyManager.class);
-
-        enableBluetooth();
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -281,14 +281,6 @@
         assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mNearbyManager.getPoweredOffFindingMode());
     }
 
-    private void enableBluetooth() {
-        BluetoothManager manager = mContext.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class);
-        BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = manager.getAdapter();
-        if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
-            assertThat(BTAdapterUtils.enableAdapter(bluetoothAdapter, mContext)).isTrue();
-        }
-    }
-
     private void enableLocation() {
         LocationManager locationManager = mContext.getSystemService(LocationManager.class);
         UserHandle user = Process.myUserHandle();
diff --git a/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp b/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp
index 0e1da93..59986d4 100644
--- a/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp
+++ b/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp
@@ -306,7 +306,6 @@
 
         if (bad && !isGSI()) {
             ALOGE("Unsupported kernel version (%07x).", kernelVersion());
-            sleep(60);
         }
     }
 
@@ -433,6 +432,7 @@
             ALOGE("Failed to set bpf.progs_loaded property to 1.");
             return 125;
         }
+        ALOGI("success.");
         return 0;
     }
 
diff --git a/netbpfload/loader.cpp b/netbpfload/loader.cpp
index 2b5f5c7..289b4d7 100644
--- a/netbpfload/loader.cpp
+++ b/netbpfload/loader.cpp
@@ -736,15 +736,15 @@
         domain selinux_context = getDomainFromSelinuxContext(md[i].selinux_context);
         if (specified(selinux_context)) {
             ALOGI("map %s selinux_context [%-32s] -> %d -> '%s' (%s)", mapNames[i].c_str(),
-                  md[i].selinux_context, selinux_context, lookupSelinuxContext(selinux_context),
-                  lookupPinSubdir(selinux_context));
+                  md[i].selinux_context, static_cast<int>(selinux_context),
+                  lookupSelinuxContext(selinux_context), lookupPinSubdir(selinux_context));
         }
 
         domain pin_subdir = getDomainFromPinSubdir(md[i].pin_subdir);
         if (unrecognized(pin_subdir)) return -ENOTDIR;
         if (specified(pin_subdir)) {
             ALOGI("map %s pin_subdir [%-32s] -> %d -> '%s'", mapNames[i].c_str(), md[i].pin_subdir,
-                  pin_subdir, lookupPinSubdir(pin_subdir));
+                  static_cast<int>(pin_subdir), lookupPinSubdir(pin_subdir));
         }
 
         // Format of pin location is /sys/fs/bpf/<pin_subdir|prefix>map_<objName>_<mapName>
@@ -974,13 +974,14 @@
 
         if (specified(selinux_context)) {
             ALOGI("prog %s selinux_context [%-32s] -> %d -> '%s' (%s)", name.c_str(),
-                  cs[i].prog_def->selinux_context, selinux_context,
+                  cs[i].prog_def->selinux_context, static_cast<int>(selinux_context),
                   lookupSelinuxContext(selinux_context), lookupPinSubdir(selinux_context));
         }
 
         if (specified(pin_subdir)) {
             ALOGI("prog %s pin_subdir [%-32s] -> %d -> '%s'", name.c_str(),
-                  cs[i].prog_def->pin_subdir, pin_subdir, lookupPinSubdir(pin_subdir));
+                  cs[i].prog_def->pin_subdir, static_cast<int>(pin_subdir),
+                  lookupPinSubdir(pin_subdir));
         }
 
         // strip any potential $foo suffix
diff --git a/netd/Android.bp b/netd/Android.bp
index eedbdae..fe4d999 100644
--- a/netd/Android.bp
+++ b/netd/Android.bp
@@ -72,6 +72,8 @@
         "BpfHandlerTest.cpp",
         "BpfBaseTest.cpp",
     ],
+    version_script: ":connectivity_mainline_test_map",
+    stl: "libc++_static",
     static_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libnetd_updatable",
diff --git a/netd/BpfHandler.cpp b/netd/BpfHandler.cpp
index b535ebf..91fec90 100644
--- a/netd/BpfHandler.cpp
+++ b/netd/BpfHandler.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#define LOG_TAG "BpfHandler"
+#define LOG_TAG "NetdUpdatable"
 
 #include "BpfHandler.h"
 
diff --git a/remoteauth/service/jni/Android.bp b/remoteauth/service/jni/Android.bp
index c0ac779..fc91e0c 100644
--- a/remoteauth/service/jni/Android.bp
+++ b/remoteauth/service/jni/Android.bp
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
     srcs: ["src/lib.rs"],
     rustlibs: [
         "libbinder_rs",
-        "libjni",
+        "libjni_legacy",
         "liblazy_static",
         "liblog_rust",
         "liblogger",
diff --git a/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/Android.bp b/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/Android.bp
index c620634..b1925bd 100644
--- a/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/Android.bp
+++ b/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/Android.bp
@@ -76,6 +76,8 @@
         "-Wno-unused-parameter",
         "-Wthread-safety",
     ],
+    version_script: ":connectivity_mainline_test_map",
+    stl: "libc++_static",
     static_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libgmock",
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java b/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java
index 23af0f8..1047232 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
 import android.system.Os;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
@@ -815,8 +816,11 @@
      */
     @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
     public int getNetPermForUid(final int uid) {
+        final int appId = UserHandle.getAppId(uid);
         try {
-            final U8 permissions = sUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid));
+            // Key of uid permission map is appId
+            // TODO: Rename map name
+            final U8 permissions = sUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(appId));
             return permissions != null ? permissions.val : PERMISSION_INTERNET;
         } catch (ErrnoException e) {
             Log.wtf(TAG, "Failed to get permission for uid: " + uid);
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index 39ea286..ca99935 100755
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -36,8 +36,10 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityDiagnosticsManager.DataStallReport.KEY_TCP_PACKET_FAIL_RATE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.ACTION_RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_CHANGED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_MASK;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_LOCKDOWN_VPN;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_NONE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_IP_CHANGED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND;
@@ -120,6 +122,7 @@
 import static com.android.net.module.util.PermissionUtils.enforceNetworkStackPermissionOr;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.PermissionUtils.hasAnyPermissionOf;
 import static com.android.server.ConnectivityStatsLog.CONNECTIVITY_STATE_SAMPLE;
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityFlags.DELAY_DESTROY_SOCKETS;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityFlags.REQUEST_RESTRICTED_WIFI;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityFlags.INGRESS_TO_VPN_ADDRESS_FILTERING;
 
@@ -485,8 +488,30 @@
     private final boolean mBackgroundFirewallChainEnabled;
 
     /**
-     * Stale copy of uid blocked reasons provided by NPMS. As long as they are accessed only in
-     * internal handler thread, they don't need a lock.
+     * Uids ConnectivityService tracks blocked status of to send blocked status callbacks.
+     * Key is uid based on mAsUid of registered networkRequestInfo
+     * Value is count of registered networkRequestInfo
+     *
+     * This is necessary because when a firewall chain is enabled or disabled, that affects all UIDs
+     * on the system, not just UIDs on that firewall chain. For example, entering doze mode affects
+     * all UIDs that are not on the dozable chain. ConnectivityService doesn't know which UIDs are
+     * running. But it only needs to send onBlockedStatusChanged to UIDs that have at least one
+     * NetworkCallback registered.
+     *
+     * UIDs are added to this list on the binder thread when processing requestNetwork and similar
+     * IPCs. They are removed from this list on the handler thread, when the callback unregistration
+     * is fully processed. They cannot be unregistered when the unregister IPC is processed because
+     * sometimes requests are unregistered on the handler thread.
+     */
+    @GuardedBy("mBlockedStatusTrackingUids")
+    private final SparseIntArray mBlockedStatusTrackingUids = new SparseIntArray();
+
+    /**
+     * Stale copy of UID blocked reasons. This is used to send onBlockedStatusChanged
+     * callbacks. This is only used on the handler thread, so it does not require a lock.
+     * On U-, the blocked reasons come from NPMS.
+     * On V+, the blocked reasons come from the BPF map contents and only maintains blocked reasons
+     * of uids that register network callbacks.
      */
     private final SparseIntArray mUidBlockedReasons = new SparseIntArray();
 
@@ -554,6 +579,8 @@
      * default network for each app.
      * Order ints passed to netd must be in the 0~999 range. Larger values code for
      * a lower priority, see {@link NativeUidRangeConfig}.
+     * Note that only the highest priority preference is applied if the uid is the target of
+     * multiple preferences.
      *
      * Requests that don't code for a per-app preference use PREFERENCE_ORDER_INVALID.
      * The default request uses PREFERENCE_ORDER_DEFAULT.
@@ -788,11 +815,10 @@
     private static final int EVENT_SET_PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE = 50;
 
     /**
-     * Event to specify that reasons for why an uid is blocked changed.
-     * arg1 = uid
-     * arg2 = blockedReasons
+     * Event to update blocked reasons for uids.
+     * obj = List of Pair(uid, blockedReasons)
      */
-    private static final int EVENT_UID_BLOCKED_REASON_CHANGED = 51;
+    private static final int EVENT_BLOCKED_REASONS_CHANGED = 51;
 
     /**
      * Event to register a new network offer
@@ -853,6 +879,18 @@
     private static final int EVENT_UID_FROZEN_STATE_CHANGED = 61;
 
     /**
+     * Event to update firewall socket destroy reasons for uids.
+     * obj = List of Pair(uid, socketDestroyReasons)
+     */
+    private static final int EVENT_UPDATE_FIREWALL_DESTROY_SOCKET_REASONS = 62;
+
+    /**
+     * Event to clear firewall socket destroy reasons for all uids.
+     * arg1 = socketDestroyReason
+     */
+    private static final int EVENT_CLEAR_FIREWALL_DESTROY_SOCKET_REASONS = 63;
+
+    /**
      * Argument for {@link #EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION} to indicate that the notification
      * should be shown.
      */
@@ -996,14 +1034,19 @@
     // Flag to enable the feature of closing frozen app sockets.
     private final boolean mDestroyFrozenSockets;
 
-    // Flag to optimize closing frozen app sockets by waiting for the cellular modem to wake up.
-    private final boolean mDelayDestroyFrozenSockets;
+    // Flag to optimize closing app sockets by waiting for the cellular modem to wake up.
+    private final boolean mDelayDestroySockets;
 
     // Flag to allow SysUI to receive connectivity reports for wifi picker UI.
     private final boolean mAllowSysUiConnectivityReports;
 
     // Uids that ConnectivityService is pending to close sockets of.
-    private final Set<Integer> mPendingFrozenUids = new ArraySet<>();
+    // Key is uid and value is reasons of socket destroy
+    private final SparseIntArray mDestroySocketPendingUids = new SparseIntArray();
+
+    private static final int DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_NONE = 0;
+    private static final int DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_FROZEN = 1 << 0;
+    private static final int DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_FIREWALL_BACKGROUND = 1 << 1;
 
     // Flag to drop packets to VPN addresses ingressing via non-VPN interfaces.
     private final boolean mIngressToVpnAddressFiltering;
@@ -1821,7 +1864,12 @@
         // To ensure uid state is synchronized with Network Policy, register for
         // NetworkPolicyManagerService events must happen prior to NetworkPolicyManagerService
         // reading existing policy from disk.
-        mPolicyManager.registerNetworkPolicyCallback(null, mPolicyCallback);
+        // If shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks() is true (On V+), ConnectivityService
+        // updates blocked reasons when firewall chain and data saver status is updated based on
+        // bpf map contents instead of receiving callbacks from NPMS
+        if (!shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks()) {
+            mPolicyManager.registerNetworkPolicyCallback(null, mPolicyCallback);
+        }
 
         final PowerManager powerManager = (PowerManager) context.getSystemService(
                 Context.POWER_SERVICE);
@@ -1952,8 +2000,7 @@
 
         mDestroyFrozenSockets = mDeps.isAtLeastV() || (mDeps.isAtLeastU()
                 && mDeps.isFeatureEnabled(context, KEY_DESTROY_FROZEN_SOCKETS_VERSION));
-        mDelayDestroyFrozenSockets = mDeps.isAtLeastU()
-                && mDeps.isFeatureEnabled(context, DELAY_DESTROY_FROZEN_SOCKETS_VERSION);
+        mDelayDestroySockets = mDeps.isFeatureNotChickenedOut(context, DELAY_DESTROY_SOCKETS);
         mAllowSysUiConnectivityReports = mDeps.isFeatureNotChickenedOut(
                 mContext, ALLOW_SYSUI_CONNECTIVITY_REPORTS);
         if (mDestroyFrozenSockets) {
@@ -3309,14 +3356,38 @@
     private final NetworkPolicyCallback mPolicyCallback = new NetworkPolicyCallback() {
         @Override
         public void onUidBlockedReasonChanged(int uid, @BlockedReason int blockedReasons) {
-            mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_UID_BLOCKED_REASON_CHANGED,
-                    uid, blockedReasons));
+            if (shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks()) {
+                Log.wtf(TAG, "Received unexpected NetworkPolicy callback");
+                return;
+            }
+            mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(
+                    EVENT_BLOCKED_REASONS_CHANGED,
+                    List.of(new Pair<>(uid, blockedReasons))));
         }
     };
 
-    private void handleUidBlockedReasonChanged(int uid, @BlockedReason int blockedReasons) {
-        maybeNotifyNetworkBlockedForNewState(uid, blockedReasons);
-        setUidBlockedReasons(uid, blockedReasons);
+    private boolean shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks() {
+        return mDeps.isAtLeastV();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void handleBlockedReasonsChanged(List<Pair<Integer, Integer>> reasonsList) {
+        for (Pair<Integer, Integer> reasons: reasonsList) {
+            final int uid = reasons.first;
+            final int blockedReasons = reasons.second;
+            if (shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks()) {
+                synchronized (mBlockedStatusTrackingUids) {
+                    if (mBlockedStatusTrackingUids.get(uid) == 0) {
+                        // This uid is not tracked anymore.
+                        // This can happen if the network request is unregistered while
+                        // EVENT_BLOCKED_REASONS_CHANGED is posted but not processed yet.
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            maybeNotifyNetworkBlockedForNewState(uid, blockedReasons);
+            setUidBlockedReasons(uid, blockedReasons);
+        }
     }
 
     static final class UidFrozenStateChangedArgs {
@@ -3347,44 +3418,92 @@
         return !mNetworkActivityTracker.isDefaultNetworkActive();
     }
 
-    private void handleFrozenUids(int[] uids, int[] frozenStates) {
-        final ArraySet<Integer> ownerUids = new ArraySet<>();
+    private boolean shouldTrackFirewallDestroySocketReasons() {
+        return mDeps.isAtLeastV();
+    }
 
-        for (int i = 0; i < uids.length; i++) {
-            if (frozenStates[i] == UID_FROZEN_STATE_FROZEN) {
-                ownerUids.add(uids[i]);
-            } else {
-                mPendingFrozenUids.remove(uids[i]);
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (ownerUids.isEmpty()) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        if (mDelayDestroyFrozenSockets && isCellNetworkIdle()) {
-            // Delay closing sockets to avoid waking the cell modem up.
-            // Wi-Fi network state is not considered since waking Wi-Fi modem up is much cheaper
-            // than waking cell modem up.
-            mPendingFrozenUids.addAll(ownerUids);
+    private void updateDestroySocketReasons(final int uid, final int reason,
+            final boolean addReason) {
+        final int destroyReasons = mDestroySocketPendingUids.get(uid, DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_NONE);
+        if (addReason) {
+            mDestroySocketPendingUids.put(uid, destroyReasons | reason);
         } else {
-            try {
-                mDeps.destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(ownerUids);
-            } catch (SocketException | InterruptedIOException | ErrnoException e) {
-                loge("Exception in socket destroy: " + e);
+            final int newDestroyReasons = destroyReasons & ~reason;
+            if (newDestroyReasons == DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_NONE) {
+                mDestroySocketPendingUids.delete(uid);
+            } else {
+                mDestroySocketPendingUids.put(uid, newDestroyReasons);
             }
         }
     }
 
-    private void closePendingFrozenSockets() {
+    private void handleFrozenUids(int[] uids, int[] frozenStates) {
+        ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
+        for (int i = 0; i < uids.length; i++) {
+            final int uid = uids[i];
+            final boolean addReason = frozenStates[i] == UID_FROZEN_STATE_FROZEN;
+            updateDestroySocketReasons(uid, DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_FROZEN, addReason);
+        }
+
+        if (!mDelayDestroySockets || !isCellNetworkIdle()) {
+            destroyPendingSockets();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void handleUpdateFirewallDestroySocketReasons(
+            List<Pair<Integer, Integer>> reasonsList) {
+        if (!shouldTrackFirewallDestroySocketReasons()) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "handleUpdateFirewallDestroySocketReasons is called unexpectedly");
+            return;
+        }
         ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
 
-        try {
-            mDeps.destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(mPendingFrozenUids);
-        } catch (SocketException | InterruptedIOException | ErrnoException e) {
-            loge("Failed to close pending frozen app sockets: " + e);
+        for (Pair<Integer, Integer> uidSocketDestroyReasons: reasonsList) {
+            final int uid = uidSocketDestroyReasons.first;
+            final int reasons = uidSocketDestroyReasons.second;
+            final boolean destroyByFirewallBackground =
+                    (reasons & DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_FIREWALL_BACKGROUND)
+                            != DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_NONE;
+            updateDestroySocketReasons(uid, DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_FIREWALL_BACKGROUND,
+                    destroyByFirewallBackground);
         }
-        mPendingFrozenUids.clear();
+
+        if (!mDelayDestroySockets || !isCellNetworkIdle()) {
+            destroyPendingSockets();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void handleClearFirewallDestroySocketReasons(final int reason) {
+        if (!shouldTrackFirewallDestroySocketReasons()) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "handleClearFirewallDestroySocketReasons is called uexpectedly");
+            return;
+        }
+        ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
+
+        // Unset reason from all pending uids
+        for (int i = mDestroySocketPendingUids.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+            final int uid = mDestroySocketPendingUids.keyAt(i);
+            updateDestroySocketReasons(uid, reason, false /* addReason */);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void destroyPendingSockets() {
+        ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
+        if (mDestroySocketPendingUids.size() == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Set<Integer> uids = new ArraySet<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < mDestroySocketPendingUids.size(); i++) {
+            uids.add(mDestroySocketPendingUids.keyAt(i));
+        }
+
+        try {
+            mDeps.destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(uids);
+        } catch (SocketException | InterruptedIOException | ErrnoException e) {
+            loge("Failed to destroy sockets: " + e);
+        }
+        mDestroySocketPendingUids.clear();
     }
 
     private void handleReportNetworkActivity(final NetworkActivityParams params) {
@@ -3401,40 +3520,42 @@
             isCellNetworkActivity = params.label == TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
         }
 
-        if (mDelayDestroyFrozenSockets
-                && params.isActive
-                && isCellNetworkActivity
-                && !mPendingFrozenUids.isEmpty()) {
-            closePendingFrozenSockets();
+        if (mDelayDestroySockets && params.isActive && isCellNetworkActivity) {
+            destroyPendingSockets();
         }
     }
 
     /**
-     * If the cellular network is no longer the default network, close pending frozen sockets.
+     * If the cellular network is no longer the default network, destroy pending sockets.
      *
      * @param newNetwork new default network
      * @param oldNetwork old default network
      */
-    private void maybeClosePendingFrozenSockets(NetworkAgentInfo newNetwork,
+    private void maybeDestroyPendingSockets(NetworkAgentInfo newNetwork,
             NetworkAgentInfo oldNetwork) {
         final boolean isOldNetworkCellular = oldNetwork != null
                 && oldNetwork.networkCapabilities.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
         final boolean isNewNetworkCellular = newNetwork != null
                 && newNetwork.networkCapabilities.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
 
-        if (isOldNetworkCellular
-                && !isNewNetworkCellular
-                && !mPendingFrozenUids.isEmpty()) {
-            closePendingFrozenSockets();
+        if (isOldNetworkCellular && !isNewNetworkCellular) {
+            destroyPendingSockets();
         }
     }
 
-    private void dumpCloseFrozenAppSockets(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
-        pw.println("CloseFrozenAppSockets:");
+    private void dumpDestroySockets(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        pw.println("DestroySockets:");
         pw.increaseIndent();
         pw.print("mDestroyFrozenSockets="); pw.println(mDestroyFrozenSockets);
-        pw.print("mDelayDestroyFrozenSockets="); pw.println(mDelayDestroyFrozenSockets);
-        pw.print("mPendingFrozenUids="); pw.println(mPendingFrozenUids);
+        pw.print("mDelayDestroySockets="); pw.println(mDelayDestroySockets);
+        pw.print("mDestroySocketPendingUids:");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
+        for (int i = 0; i < mDestroySocketPendingUids.size(); i++) {
+            final int uid = mDestroySocketPendingUids.keyAt(i);
+            final int reasons = mDestroySocketPendingUids.valueAt(i);
+            pw.print(uid + ": reasons=" + reasons);
+        }
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
         pw.decreaseIndent();
     }
 
@@ -3460,9 +3581,6 @@
 
     @VisibleForTesting
     static final String KEY_DESTROY_FROZEN_SOCKETS_VERSION = "destroy_frozen_sockets_version";
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    static final String DELAY_DESTROY_FROZEN_SOCKETS_VERSION =
-            "delay_destroy_frozen_sockets_version";
 
     @VisibleForTesting
     public static final String ALLOW_SYSUI_CONNECTIVITY_REPORTS =
@@ -4096,7 +4214,7 @@
         dumpAvoidBadWifiSettings(pw);
 
         pw.println();
-        dumpCloseFrozenAppSockets(pw);
+        dumpDestroySockets(pw);
 
         pw.println();
         dumpBpfProgramStatus(pw);
@@ -5209,7 +5327,7 @@
 
                 if (mDefaultRequest == nri) {
                     mNetworkActivityTracker.updateDefaultNetwork(null /* newNetwork */, nai);
-                    maybeClosePendingFrozenSockets(null /* newNetwork */, nai);
+                    maybeDestroyPendingSockets(null /* newNetwork */, nai);
                     ensureNetworkTransitionWakelock(nai.toShortString());
                 }
             }
@@ -5486,6 +5604,12 @@
                 // If there is an active request, then for sure there is a satisfier.
                 nri.getSatisfier().addRequest(activeRequest);
             }
+
+            if (shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks()
+                    && isAppRequest(nri)
+                    && !nri.mUidTrackedForBlockedStatus) {
+                Log.wtf(TAG, "Registered nri is not tracked for sending blocked status: " + nri);
+            }
         }
 
         if (mFlags.noRematchAllRequestsOnRegister()) {
@@ -5685,6 +5809,11 @@
     }
 
     private void handleRemoveNetworkRequest(@NonNull final NetworkRequestInfo nri) {
+        handleRemoveNetworkRequest(nri, true /* untrackUids */);
+    }
+
+    private void handleRemoveNetworkRequest(@NonNull final NetworkRequestInfo nri,
+            final boolean untrackUids) {
         ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
         for (final NetworkRequest req : nri.mRequests) {
             if (null == mNetworkRequests.remove(req)) {
@@ -5719,7 +5848,9 @@
             }
         }
 
-        nri.mPerUidCounter.decrementCount(nri.mUid);
+        if (untrackUids) {
+            maybeUntrackUidAndClearBlockedReasons(nri);
+        }
         mNetworkRequestInfoLogs.log("RELEASE " + nri);
         checkNrisConsistency(nri);
 
@@ -5741,12 +5872,17 @@
     }
 
     private void handleRemoveNetworkRequests(@NonNull final Set<NetworkRequestInfo> nris) {
+        handleRemoveNetworkRequests(nris, true /* untrackUids */);
+    }
+
+    private void handleRemoveNetworkRequests(@NonNull final Set<NetworkRequestInfo> nris,
+            final boolean untrackUids) {
         for (final NetworkRequestInfo nri : nris) {
             if (mDefaultRequest == nri) {
                 // Make sure we never remove the default request.
                 continue;
             }
-            handleRemoveNetworkRequest(nri);
+            handleRemoveNetworkRequest(nri, untrackUids);
         }
     }
 
@@ -6486,8 +6622,8 @@
                     handlePrivateDnsValidationUpdate(
                             (PrivateDnsValidationUpdate) msg.obj);
                     break;
-                case EVENT_UID_BLOCKED_REASON_CHANGED:
-                    handleUidBlockedReasonChanged(msg.arg1, msg.arg2);
+                case EVENT_BLOCKED_REASONS_CHANGED:
+                    handleBlockedReasonsChanged((List) msg.obj);
                     break;
                 case EVENT_SET_REQUIRE_VPN_FOR_UIDS:
                     handleSetRequireVpnForUids(toBool(msg.arg1), (UidRange[]) msg.obj);
@@ -6536,6 +6672,12 @@
                     UidFrozenStateChangedArgs args = (UidFrozenStateChangedArgs) msg.obj;
                     handleFrozenUids(args.mUids, args.mFrozenStates);
                     break;
+                case EVENT_UPDATE_FIREWALL_DESTROY_SOCKET_REASONS:
+                    handleUpdateFirewallDestroySocketReasons((List) msg.obj);
+                    break;
+                case EVENT_CLEAR_FIREWALL_DESTROY_SOCKET_REASONS:
+                    handleClearFirewallDestroySocketReasons(msg.arg1);
+                    break;
             }
         }
     }
@@ -7352,6 +7494,11 @@
         // maximum limit of registered callbacks per UID.
         final int mAsUid;
 
+        // Flag to indicate that uid of this nri is tracked for sending blocked status callbacks.
+        // It is always true on V+ if mMessenger != null. As such, it's not strictly necessary.
+        // it's used only as a safeguard to avoid double counting or leaking.
+        boolean mUidTrackedForBlockedStatus;
+
         // Preference order of this request.
         final int mPreferenceOrder;
 
@@ -7401,7 +7548,6 @@
             mUid = mDeps.getCallingUid();
             mAsUid = asUid;
             mPerUidCounter = getRequestCounter(this);
-            mPerUidCounter.incrementCountOrThrow(mUid);
             /**
              * Location sensitive data not included in pending intent. Only included in
              * {@link NetworkCallback}.
@@ -7435,7 +7581,6 @@
             mAsUid = asUid;
             mPendingIntent = null;
             mPerUidCounter = getRequestCounter(this);
-            mPerUidCounter.incrementCountOrThrow(mUid);
             mCallbackFlags = callbackFlags;
             mCallingAttributionTag = callingAttributionTag;
             mPreferenceOrder = PREFERENCE_ORDER_INVALID;
@@ -7475,9 +7620,9 @@
             mAsUid = nri.mAsUid;
             mPendingIntent = nri.mPendingIntent;
             mPerUidCounter = nri.mPerUidCounter;
-            mPerUidCounter.incrementCountOrThrow(mUid);
             mCallbackFlags = nri.mCallbackFlags;
             mCallingAttributionTag = nri.mCallingAttributionTag;
+            mUidTrackedForBlockedStatus = nri.mUidTrackedForBlockedStatus;
             mPreferenceOrder = PREFERENCE_ORDER_INVALID;
             linkDeathRecipient();
         }
@@ -7565,7 +7710,8 @@
                     + " " + mRequests
                     + (mPendingIntent == null ? "" : " to trigger " + mPendingIntent)
                     + " callback flags: " + mCallbackFlags
-                    + " order: " + mPreferenceOrder;
+                    + " order: " + mPreferenceOrder
+                    + " isUidTracked: " + mUidTrackedForBlockedStatus;
         }
     }
 
@@ -7780,13 +7926,6 @@
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bad timeout specified");
         }
 
-        final NetworkRequest networkRequest = new NetworkRequest(networkCapabilities, legacyType,
-                nextNetworkRequestId(), reqType);
-        final NetworkRequestInfo nri = getNriToRegister(
-                asUid, networkRequest, messenger, binder, callbackFlags,
-                callingAttributionTag);
-        if (DBG) log("requestNetwork for " + nri);
-
         // For TRACK_SYSTEM_DEFAULT callbacks, the capabilities have been modified since they were
         // copied from the default request above. (This is necessary to ensure, for example, that
         // the callback does not leak sensitive information to unprivileged apps.) Check that the
@@ -7798,7 +7937,13 @@
                     + networkCapabilities + " vs. " + defaultNc);
         }
 
-        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_REQUEST, nri));
+        final NetworkRequest networkRequest = new NetworkRequest(networkCapabilities, legacyType,
+                nextNetworkRequestId(), reqType);
+        final NetworkRequestInfo nri = getNriToRegister(
+                asUid, networkRequest, messenger, binder, callbackFlags,
+                callingAttributionTag);
+        if (DBG) log("requestNetwork for " + nri);
+        trackUidAndRegisterNetworkRequest(EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_REQUEST, nri);
         if (timeoutMs > 0) {
             mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_TIMEOUT_NETWORK_REQUEST,
                     nri), timeoutMs);
@@ -8007,8 +8152,7 @@
         NetworkRequestInfo nri = new NetworkRequestInfo(callingUid, networkRequest, operation,
                 callingAttributionTag);
         if (DBG) log("pendingRequest for " + nri);
-        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_REQUEST_WITH_INTENT,
-                nri));
+        trackUidAndRegisterNetworkRequest(EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_REQUEST_WITH_INTENT, nri);
         return networkRequest;
     }
 
@@ -8047,6 +8191,77 @@
         return true;
     }
 
+    private boolean isAppRequest(NetworkRequestInfo nri) {
+        return nri.mMessenger != null || nri.mPendingIntent != null;
+    }
+
+    private void trackUidAndMaybePostCurrentBlockedReason(final NetworkRequestInfo nri) {
+        if (!isAppRequest(nri)) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "trackUidAndMaybePostCurrentBlockedReason is called for non app"
+                    + "request: " + nri);
+            return;
+        }
+        nri.mPerUidCounter.incrementCountOrThrow(nri.mUid);
+
+        // If nri.mMessenger is null, this nri does not have NetworkCallback so ConnectivityService
+        // does not need to send onBlockedStatusChanged callback for this uid and does not need to
+        // track the uid in mBlockedStatusTrackingUids
+        if (!shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks() || nri.mMessenger == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (nri.mUidTrackedForBlockedStatus) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Nri is already tracked for sending blocked status: " + nri);
+            return;
+        }
+        nri.mUidTrackedForBlockedStatus = true;
+        synchronized (mBlockedStatusTrackingUids) {
+            final int uid = nri.mAsUid;
+            final int count = mBlockedStatusTrackingUids.get(uid, 0);
+            if (count == 0) {
+                mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_BLOCKED_REASONS_CHANGED,
+                        List.of(new Pair<>(uid, mBpfNetMaps.getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(uid)))));
+            }
+            mBlockedStatusTrackingUids.put(uid, count + 1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void trackUidAndRegisterNetworkRequest(final int event, NetworkRequestInfo nri) {
+        // Post the update of the UID's blocked reasons before posting the message that registers
+        // the callback. This is necessary because if the callback immediately matches a request,
+        // the onBlockedStatusChanged must be called with the correct blocked reasons.
+        // Also, once trackUidAndMaybePostCurrentBlockedReason is called, the register network
+        // request event must be posted, because otherwise the counter for uid will never be
+        // decremented.
+        trackUidAndMaybePostCurrentBlockedReason(nri);
+        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(event, nri));
+    }
+
+    private void maybeUntrackUidAndClearBlockedReasons(final NetworkRequestInfo nri) {
+        if (!isAppRequest(nri)) {
+            // Not an app request.
+            return;
+        }
+        nri.mPerUidCounter.decrementCount(nri.mUid);
+
+        if (!shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks() || nri.mMessenger == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!nri.mUidTrackedForBlockedStatus) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Nri is not tracked for sending blocked status: " + nri);
+            return;
+        }
+        nri.mUidTrackedForBlockedStatus = false;
+        synchronized (mBlockedStatusTrackingUids) {
+            final int count = mBlockedStatusTrackingUids.get(nri.mAsUid);
+            if (count > 1) {
+                mBlockedStatusTrackingUids.put(nri.mAsUid, count - 1);
+            } else {
+                mBlockedStatusTrackingUids.delete(nri.mAsUid);
+                mUidBlockedReasons.delete(nri.mAsUid);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     @Override
     public NetworkRequest listenForNetwork(NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities,
             Messenger messenger, IBinder binder,
@@ -8076,7 +8291,7 @@
                         callingAttributionTag);
         if (VDBG) log("listenForNetwork for " + nri);
 
-        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_LISTENER, nri));
+        trackUidAndRegisterNetworkRequest(EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_LISTENER, nri);
         return networkRequest;
     }
 
@@ -8101,8 +8316,7 @@
                 callingAttributionTag);
         if (VDBG) log("pendingListenForNetwork for " + nri);
 
-        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(
-                    EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_LISTENER_WITH_INTENT, nri));
+        trackUidAndRegisterNetworkRequest(EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_LISTENER_WITH_INTENT, nri);
     }
 
     /** Returns the next Network provider ID. */
@@ -10085,7 +10299,7 @@
             mLingerMonitor.noteLingerDefaultNetwork(oldDefaultNetwork, newDefaultNetwork);
         }
         mNetworkActivityTracker.updateDefaultNetwork(newDefaultNetwork, oldDefaultNetwork);
-        maybeClosePendingFrozenSockets(newDefaultNetwork, oldDefaultNetwork);
+        maybeDestroyPendingSockets(newDefaultNetwork, oldDefaultNetwork);
         mProxyTracker.setDefaultProxy(null != newDefaultNetwork
                 ? newDefaultNetwork.linkProperties.getHttpProxy() : null);
         resetHttpProxyForNonDefaultNetwork(oldDefaultNetwork);
@@ -11057,7 +11271,7 @@
         final boolean metered = nai.networkCapabilities.isMetered();
         final boolean vpnBlocked = isUidBlockedByVpn(nri.mAsUid, mVpnBlockedUidRanges);
         callCallbackForRequest(nri, nai, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_AVAILABLE,
-                getBlockedState(blockedReasons, metered, vpnBlocked));
+                getBlockedState(nri.mAsUid, blockedReasons, metered, vpnBlocked));
     }
 
     // Notify the requests on this NAI that the network is now lingered.
@@ -11066,7 +11280,21 @@
         notifyNetworkCallbacks(nai, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_LOSING, lingerTime);
     }
 
-    private static int getBlockedState(int reasons, boolean metered, boolean vpnBlocked) {
+    private int getPermissionBlockedState(final int uid, final int reasons) {
+        // Before V, the blocked reasons come from NPMS, and that code already behaves as if the
+        // change was disabled: apps without the internet permission will never be told they are
+        // blocked.
+        if (!mDeps.isAtLeastV()) return reasons;
+
+        if (hasInternetPermission(uid)) return reasons;
+
+        return mDeps.isChangeEnabled(NETWORK_BLOCKED_WITHOUT_INTERNET_PERMISSION, uid)
+                ? reasons | BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED
+                : BLOCKED_REASON_NONE;
+    }
+
+    private int getBlockedState(int uid, int reasons, boolean metered, boolean vpnBlocked) {
+        reasons = getPermissionBlockedState(uid, reasons);
         if (!metered) reasons &= ~BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_MASK;
         return vpnBlocked
                 ? reasons | BLOCKED_REASON_LOCKDOWN_VPN
@@ -11107,8 +11335,10 @@
                     ? isUidBlockedByVpn(nri.mAsUid, newBlockedUidRanges)
                     : oldVpnBlocked;
 
-            final int oldBlockedState = getBlockedState(blockedReasons, oldMetered, oldVpnBlocked);
-            final int newBlockedState = getBlockedState(blockedReasons, newMetered, newVpnBlocked);
+            final int oldBlockedState = getBlockedState(
+                    nri.mAsUid, blockedReasons, oldMetered, oldVpnBlocked);
+            final int newBlockedState = getBlockedState(
+                    nri.mAsUid, blockedReasons, newMetered, newVpnBlocked);
             if (oldBlockedState != newBlockedState) {
                 callCallbackForRequest(nri, nai, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_BLK_CHANGED,
                         newBlockedState);
@@ -11127,8 +11357,9 @@
             final boolean vpnBlocked = isUidBlockedByVpn(uid, mVpnBlockedUidRanges);
 
             final int oldBlockedState = getBlockedState(
-                    mUidBlockedReasons.get(uid, BLOCKED_REASON_NONE), metered, vpnBlocked);
-            final int newBlockedState = getBlockedState(blockedReasons, metered, vpnBlocked);
+                    uid, mUidBlockedReasons.get(uid, BLOCKED_REASON_NONE), metered, vpnBlocked);
+            final int newBlockedState =
+                    getBlockedState(uid, blockedReasons, metered, vpnBlocked);
             if (oldBlockedState == newBlockedState) {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -12164,6 +12395,7 @@
         // handleRegisterConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback(). nri will be cleaned up as part of the
         // callback's binder death.
         final NetworkRequestInfo nri = new NetworkRequestInfo(callingUid, requestWithId);
+        nri.mPerUidCounter.incrementCountOrThrow(nri.mUid);
         final ConnectivityDiagnosticsCallbackInfo cbInfo =
                 new ConnectivityDiagnosticsCallbackInfo(callback, nri, callingPackageName);
 
@@ -13258,7 +13490,20 @@
         final ArraySet<NetworkRequestInfo> perAppCallbackRequestsToUpdate =
                 getPerAppCallbackRequestsToUpdate();
         final ArraySet<NetworkRequestInfo> nrisToRegister = new ArraySet<>(nris);
-        handleRemoveNetworkRequests(perAppCallbackRequestsToUpdate);
+        // This method does not need to modify perUidCounter and mBlockedStatusTrackingUids because:
+        // - |nris| only contains per-app network requests created by ConnectivityService which
+        //    are internal requests and have no messenger and are not associated with any callbacks,
+        //    and so do not need to be tracked in perUidCounter and mBlockedStatusTrackingUids.
+        // - The requests in perAppCallbackRequestsToUpdate are removed, modified, and re-added,
+        //   but the same number of requests is removed and re-added, and none of the requests
+        //   changes mUid and mAsUid, so the perUidCounter and mBlockedStatusTrackingUids before
+        //   and after this method remains the same. Re-adding the requests does not modify
+        //   perUidCounter and mBlockedStatusTrackingUids (that is done when the app registers the
+        //   request), so removing them must not modify perUidCounter and mBlockedStatusTrackingUids
+        //   either.
+        // TODO(b/341228979): Modify nris in place instead of removing them and re-adding them
+        handleRemoveNetworkRequests(perAppCallbackRequestsToUpdate,
+                false /* untrackUids */);
         nrisToRegister.addAll(
                 createPerAppCallbackRequestsToRegister(perAppCallbackRequestsToUpdate));
         handleRegisterNetworkRequests(nrisToRegister);
@@ -13493,10 +13738,17 @@
             throw new IllegalStateException(e);
         }
 
-        try {
-            mBpfNetMaps.setDataSaverEnabled(enable);
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException | UnsupportedOperationException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to set data saver " + enable + " : " + e);
+        synchronized (mBlockedStatusTrackingUids) {
+            try {
+                mBpfNetMaps.setDataSaverEnabled(enable);
+            } catch (ServiceSpecificException | UnsupportedOperationException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Failed to set data saver " + enable + " : " + e);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks()) {
+                updateTrackingUidsBlockedReasons();
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -13532,10 +13784,20 @@
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("setUidFirewallRule with invalid rule: " + rule);
         }
 
-        try {
-            mBpfNetMaps.setUidRule(chain, uid, firewallRule);
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
+        synchronized (mBlockedStatusTrackingUids) {
+            try {
+                mBpfNetMaps.setUidRule(chain, uid, firewallRule);
+            } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException(e);
+            }
+            if (shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks()
+                    && mBlockedStatusTrackingUids.get(uid, 0) != 0) {
+                mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_BLOCKED_REASONS_CHANGED,
+                        List.of(new Pair<>(uid, mBpfNetMaps.getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(uid)))));
+            }
+            if (shouldTrackFirewallDestroySocketReasons()) {
+                maybePostFirewallDestroySocketReasons(chain, Set.of(uid));
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -13580,23 +13842,40 @@
     }
 
     @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+    private Set<Integer> getUidsOnFirewallChain(final int chain) throws ErrnoException {
+        if (BpfNetMapsUtils.isFirewallAllowList(chain)) {
+            return mBpfNetMaps.getUidsWithAllowRuleOnAllowListChain(chain);
+        } else {
+            return mBpfNetMaps.getUidsWithDenyRuleOnDenyListChain(chain);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
     private void closeSocketsForFirewallChainLocked(final int chain)
             throws ErrnoException, SocketException, InterruptedIOException {
+        final Set<Integer> uidsOnChain = getUidsOnFirewallChain(chain);
         if (BpfNetMapsUtils.isFirewallAllowList(chain)) {
             // Allowlist means the firewall denies all by default, uids must be explicitly allowed
             // So, close all non-system socket owned by uids that are not explicitly allowed
             Set<Range<Integer>> ranges = new ArraySet<>();
             ranges.add(new Range<>(Process.FIRST_APPLICATION_UID, Integer.MAX_VALUE));
-            final Set<Integer> exemptUids = mBpfNetMaps.getUidsWithAllowRuleOnAllowListChain(chain);
-            mDeps.destroyLiveTcpSockets(ranges, exemptUids);
+            mDeps.destroyLiveTcpSockets(ranges, uidsOnChain /* exemptUids */);
         } else {
             // Denylist means the firewall allows all by default, uids must be explicitly denied
             // So, close socket owned by uids that are explicitly denied
-            final Set<Integer> ownerUids = mBpfNetMaps.getUidsWithDenyRuleOnDenyListChain(chain);
-            mDeps.destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(ownerUids);
+            mDeps.destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(uidsOnChain /* ownerUids */);
         }
     }
 
+    private void maybePostClearFirewallDestroySocketReasons(int chain) {
+        if (chain != FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND) {
+            // TODO (b/300681644): Support other firewall chains
+            return;
+        }
+        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_CLEAR_FIREWALL_DESTROY_SOCKET_REASONS,
+                DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_FIREWALL_BACKGROUND, 0 /* arg2 */));
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void setFirewallChainEnabled(final int chain, final boolean enable) {
         enforceNetworkStackOrSettingsPermission();
@@ -13613,10 +13892,20 @@
                     "Chain (" + chain + ") can not be controlled by setFirewallChainEnabled");
         }
 
-        try {
-            mBpfNetMaps.setChildChain(chain, enable);
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
+        synchronized (mBlockedStatusTrackingUids) {
+            try {
+                mBpfNetMaps.setChildChain(chain, enable);
+            } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException(e);
+            }
+            if (shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks()) {
+                updateTrackingUidsBlockedReasons();
+            }
+            if (shouldTrackFirewallDestroySocketReasons() && !enable) {
+                // Clear destroy socket reasons so that CS does not destroy sockets of apps that
+                // have network access.
+                maybePostClearFirewallDestroySocketReasons(chain);
+            }
         }
 
         if (mDeps.isAtLeastU() && enable) {
@@ -13628,6 +13917,47 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+    @GuardedBy("mBlockedStatusTrackingUids")
+    private void updateTrackingUidsBlockedReasons() {
+        if (mBlockedStatusTrackingUids.size() == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        final ArrayList<Pair<Integer, Integer>> uidBlockedReasonsList = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < mBlockedStatusTrackingUids.size(); i++) {
+            final int uid = mBlockedStatusTrackingUids.keyAt(i);
+            uidBlockedReasonsList.add(
+                    new Pair<>(uid, mBpfNetMaps.getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(uid)));
+        }
+        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_BLOCKED_REASONS_CHANGED,
+                uidBlockedReasonsList));
+    }
+
+    private int getFirewallDestroySocketReasons(final int blockedReasons) {
+        int destroySocketReasons = DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_NONE;
+        if ((blockedReasons & BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND) != BLOCKED_REASON_NONE) {
+            destroySocketReasons |= DESTROY_SOCKET_REASON_FIREWALL_BACKGROUND;
+        }
+        return destroySocketReasons;
+    }
+
+    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+    @GuardedBy("mBlockedStatusTrackingUids")
+    private void maybePostFirewallDestroySocketReasons(int chain, Set<Integer> uids) {
+        if (chain != FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND) {
+            // TODO (b/300681644): Support other firewall chains
+            return;
+        }
+        final ArrayList<Pair<Integer, Integer>> reasonsList = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int uid: uids) {
+            final int blockedReasons = mBpfNetMaps.getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(uid);
+            final int destroySocketReaons = getFirewallDestroySocketReasons(blockedReasons);
+            reasonsList.add(new Pair<>(uid, destroySocketReaons));
+        }
+        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_UPDATE_FIREWALL_DESTROY_SOCKET_REASONS,
+                reasonsList));
+    }
+
     @Override
     public boolean getFirewallChainEnabled(final int chain) {
         enforceNetworkStackOrSettingsPermission();
@@ -13652,7 +13982,31 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain(chain, uids);
+        synchronized (mBlockedStatusTrackingUids) {
+            // replaceFirewallChain removes uids that are currently on the chain and put |uids| on
+            // the chain.
+            // So this method could change blocked reasons of uids that are currently on chain +
+            // |uids|.
+            final Set<Integer> affectedUids = new ArraySet<>();
+            if (shouldTrackFirewallDestroySocketReasons()) {
+                try {
+                    affectedUids.addAll(getUidsOnFirewallChain(chain));
+                } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get uids on chain(" + chain + "): " + e);
+                }
+                for (final int uid: uids) {
+                    affectedUids.add(uid);
+                }
+            }
+
+            mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain(chain, uids);
+            if (shouldTrackUidsForBlockedStatusCallbacks()) {
+                updateTrackingUidsBlockedReasons();
+            }
+            if (shouldTrackFirewallDestroySocketReasons()) {
+                maybePostFirewallDestroySocketReasons(chain, affectedUids);
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ConnectivityFlags.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ConnectivityFlags.java
index 176307d..7ea7f95 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ConnectivityFlags.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ConnectivityFlags.java
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@
 
     public static final String BACKGROUND_FIREWALL_CHAIN = "background_firewall_chain";
 
+    public static final String DELAY_DESTROY_SOCKETS = "delay_destroy_sockets";
+
     private boolean mNoRematchAllRequestsOnRegister;
 
     /**
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorService.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorService.java
index ac479b8..af4aee5 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorService.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorService.java
@@ -168,14 +168,18 @@
     public void applyMulticastRoutingConfig(
             final String iifName, final String oifName, final MulticastRoutingConfig newConfig) {
         checkOnHandlerThread();
+        Objects.requireNonNull(iifName, "IifName can't be null");
+        Objects.requireNonNull(oifName, "OifName can't be null");
 
         if (newConfig.getForwardingMode() != FORWARD_NONE) {
             // Make sure iif and oif are added as multicast forwarding interfaces
-            try {
-                maybeAddAndTrackInterface(iifName);
-                maybeAddAndTrackInterface(oifName);
-            } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
-                Log.e(TAG, "Failed to apply multicast routing config, ", e);
+            if (!maybeAddAndTrackInterface(iifName) || !maybeAddAndTrackInterface(oifName)) {
+                Log.e(
+                        TAG,
+                        "Failed to apply multicast routing config from "
+                                + iifName
+                                + " to "
+                                + oifName);
                 return;
             }
         }
@@ -258,9 +262,14 @@
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns the next available virtual index for multicast routing, or -1 if the number of
+     * virtual interfaces has reached max value.
+     */
     private int getNextAvailableVirtualIndex() {
         if (mVirtualInterfaces.size() >= MAX_NUM_OF_MULTICAST_VIRTUAL_INTERFACES) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("Can't allocate new multicast virtual interface");
+            Log.e(TAG, "Can't allocate new multicast virtual interface");
+            return -1;
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < mVirtualInterfaces.size(); i++) {
             if (!mVirtualInterfaces.contains(i)) {
@@ -291,12 +300,23 @@
         return mVirtualInterfaces.get(virtualIndex);
     }
 
-    private void maybeAddAndTrackInterface(String ifName) {
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if the interfaces is added and tracked, or {@code false} when failed
+     * to add the interface.
+     */
+    private boolean maybeAddAndTrackInterface(String ifName) {
         checkOnHandlerThread();
-        if (getIndexForValue(mVirtualInterfaces, ifName) >= 0) return;
+        if (getIndexForValue(mVirtualInterfaces, ifName) >= 0) return true;
 
         int nextVirtualIndex = getNextAvailableVirtualIndex();
+        if (nextVirtualIndex < 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
         int ifIndex = mDependencies.getInterfaceIndex(ifName);
+        if (ifIndex == 0) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Can't get interface index for " + ifName);
+            return false;
+        }
         final StructMif6ctl mif6ctl =
                     new StructMif6ctl(
                             nextVirtualIndex,
@@ -309,10 +329,11 @@
             Log.d(TAG, "Added mifi " + nextVirtualIndex + " to MIF");
         } catch (ErrnoException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "failed to add multicast virtual interface", e);
-            return;
+            return false;
         }
         mVirtualInterfaces.put(nextVirtualIndex, ifName);
         mInterfaces.put(ifIndex, ifName);
+        return true;
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -798,13 +819,12 @@
             NetworkUtils.setsockoptBytes(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, MRT6_DEL_MFC, bytes);
         }
 
-        public Integer getInterfaceIndex(String ifName) {
-            try {
-                NetworkInterface ni = NetworkInterface.getByName(ifName);
-                return ni.getIndex();
-            } catch (NullPointerException | SocketException e) {
-                return null;
-            }
+        /**
+         * Returns the interface index for an interface name, or 0 if the interface index could
+         * not be found.
+         */
+        public int getInterfaceIndex(String ifName) {
+            return Os.if_nametoindex(ifName);
         }
 
         public NetworkInterface getNetworkInterface(int physicalIndex) {
diff --git a/staticlibs/native/bpfmapjni/Android.bp b/staticlibs/native/bpfmapjni/Android.bp
index 7e6b4ec..969ebd4 100644
--- a/staticlibs/native/bpfmapjni/Android.bp
+++ b/staticlibs/native/bpfmapjni/Android.bp
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
         "-Werror",
         "-Wno-unused-parameter",
     ],
-    sdk_version: "30",
+    sdk_version: "current",
     min_sdk_version: "30",
     apex_available: [
         "com.android.tethering",
diff --git a/staticlibs/native/tcutils/Android.bp b/staticlibs/native/tcutils/Android.bp
index 926590d..e4742ce 100644
--- a/staticlibs/native/tcutils/Android.bp
+++ b/staticlibs/native/tcutils/Android.bp
@@ -21,7 +21,10 @@
     name: "libtcutils",
     srcs: ["tcutils.cpp"],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
-    header_libs: ["bpf_headers"],
+    header_libs: [
+        "bpf_headers",
+        "libbase_headers",
+    ],
     shared_libs: [
         "liblog",
     ],
@@ -31,7 +34,7 @@
         "-Werror",
         "-Wno-unused-parameter",
     ],
-    sdk_version: "30",
+    sdk_version: "current",
     min_sdk_version: "30",
     apex_available: [
         "com.android.tethering",
diff --git a/staticlibs/native/tcutils/scopeguard.h b/staticlibs/native/tcutils/scopeguard.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 76bbb93..0000000
--- a/staticlibs/native/tcutils/scopeguard.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// TODO: figure out a way to use libbase_ndk. This is currently not working
-// because of missing apex availability. For now, we can use a copy of
-// ScopeGuard which is very lean compared to unique_fd. This code has been
-// copied verbatim from:
-// https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:system/libbase/include/android-base/scopeguard.h
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <utility> // for std::move, std::forward
-
-namespace android {
-namespace base {
-
-// ScopeGuard ensures that the specified functor is executed no matter how the
-// current scope exits.
-template <typename F> class ScopeGuard {
-public:
-  ScopeGuard(F &&f) : f_(std::forward<F>(f)), active_(true) {}
-
-  ScopeGuard(ScopeGuard &&that) noexcept
-      : f_(std::move(that.f_)), active_(that.active_) {
-    that.active_ = false;
-  }
-
-  template <typename Functor>
-  ScopeGuard(ScopeGuard<Functor> &&that)
-      : f_(std::move(that.f_)), active_(that.active_) {
-    that.active_ = false;
-  }
-
-  ~ScopeGuard() {
-    if (active_)
-      f_();
-  }
-
-  ScopeGuard() = delete;
-  ScopeGuard(const ScopeGuard &) = delete;
-  void operator=(const ScopeGuard &) = delete;
-  void operator=(ScopeGuard &&that) = delete;
-
-  void Disable() { active_ = false; }
-
-  bool active() const { return active_; }
-
-private:
-  template <typename Functor> friend class ScopeGuard;
-
-  F f_;
-  bool active_;
-};
-
-template <typename F> ScopeGuard<F> make_scope_guard(F &&f) {
-  return ScopeGuard<F>(std::forward<F>(f));
-}
-
-} // namespace base
-} // namespace android
diff --git a/staticlibs/native/tcutils/tcutils.cpp b/staticlibs/native/tcutils/tcutils.cpp
index c82390f..21e781c 100644
--- a/staticlibs/native/tcutils/tcutils.cpp
+++ b/staticlibs/native/tcutils/tcutils.cpp
@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@
 
 #include "logging.h"
 #include "bpf/KernelUtils.h"
-#include "scopeguard.h"
 
+#include <BpfSyscallWrappers.h>
+#include <android-base/scopeguard.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <cerrno>
 #include <cstring>
@@ -39,10 +41,6 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <utility>
 
-#define BPF_FD_JUST_USE_INT
-#include <BpfSyscallWrappers.h>
-#undef BPF_FD_JUST_USE_INT
-
 // The maximum length of TCA_BPF_NAME. Sync from net/sched/cls_bpf.c.
 #define CLS_BPF_NAME_LEN 256
 
@@ -52,6 +50,9 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace {
 
+using base::make_scope_guard;
+using base::unique_fd;
+
 /**
  * IngressPoliceFilterBuilder builds a nlmsg request equivalent to the following
  * tc command:
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@
   // class members
   const unsigned mBurstInBytes;
   const char *mBpfProgPath;
-  int mBpfFd;
+  unique_fd mBpfFd;
   Request mRequest;
 
   static double getTickInUsec() {
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@
       ALOGE("fopen(\"/proc/net/psched\"): %s", strerror(errno));
       return 0.0;
     }
-    auto scopeGuard = base::make_scope_guard([fp] { fclose(fp); });
+    auto scopeGuard = make_scope_guard([fp] { fclose(fp); });
 
     uint32_t t2us;
     uint32_t us2t;
@@ -166,7 +167,6 @@
                       unsigned burstInBytes, const char* bpfProgPath)
       : mBurstInBytes(burstInBytes),
         mBpfProgPath(bpfProgPath),
-        mBpfFd(-1),
         mRequest{
             .n = {
                 .nlmsg_len = sizeof(mRequest),
@@ -298,13 +298,6 @@
   }
   // clang-format on
 
-  ~IngressPoliceFilterBuilder() {
-    // TODO: use unique_fd
-    if (mBpfFd != -1) {
-      close(mBpfFd);
-    }
-  }
-
   constexpr unsigned getRequestSize() const { return sizeof(Request); }
 
 private:
@@ -332,14 +325,14 @@
   }
 
   int initBpfFd() {
-    mBpfFd = bpf::retrieveProgram(mBpfProgPath);
-    if (mBpfFd == -1) {
+    mBpfFd.reset(bpf::retrieveProgram(mBpfProgPath));
+    if (!mBpfFd.ok()) {
       int error = errno;
       ALOGE("retrieveProgram failed: %d", error);
       return -error;
     }
 
-    mRequest.opt.acts.act2.opt.fd.u32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(mBpfFd);
+    mRequest.opt.acts.act2.opt.fd.u32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(mBpfFd.get());
     snprintf(mRequest.opt.acts.act2.opt.name.str,
              sizeof(mRequest.opt.acts.act2.opt.name.str), "%s:[*fsobj]",
              basename(mBpfProgPath));
@@ -370,14 +363,13 @@
 
 int sendAndProcessNetlinkResponse(const void *req, int len) {
   // TODO: use unique_fd instead of ScopeGuard
-  int fd = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW | SOCK_CLOEXEC, NETLINK_ROUTE);
-  if (fd == -1) {
+  unique_fd fd(socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW | SOCK_CLOEXEC, NETLINK_ROUTE));
+  if (!fd.ok()) {
     int error = errno;
     ALOGE("socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW | SOCK_CLOEXEC, NETLINK_ROUTE): %d",
              error);
     return -error;
   }
-  auto scopeGuard = base::make_scope_guard([fd] { close(fd); });
 
   static constexpr int on = 1;
   if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_NETLINK, NETLINK_CAP_ACK, &on, sizeof(on))) {
@@ -460,10 +452,9 @@
 }
 
 int hardwareAddressType(const char *interface) {
-  int fd = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0);
-  if (fd < 0)
+  unique_fd fd(socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC, 0));
+  if (!fd.ok())
     return -errno;
-  auto scopeGuard = base::make_scope_guard([fd] { close(fd); });
 
   struct ifreq ifr = {};
   // We use strncpy() instead of strlcpy() since kernel has to be able
@@ -576,12 +567,11 @@
 // /sys/fs/bpf/... direct-action
 int tcAddBpfFilter(int ifIndex, bool ingress, uint16_t prio, uint16_t proto,
                    const char *bpfProgPath) {
-  const int bpfFd = bpf::retrieveProgram(bpfProgPath);
-  if (bpfFd == -1) {
+  unique_fd bpfFd(bpf::retrieveProgram(bpfProgPath));
+  if (!bpfFd.ok()) {
     ALOGE("retrieveProgram failed: %d", errno);
     return -errno;
   }
-  auto scopeGuard = base::make_scope_guard([bpfFd] { close(bpfFd); });
 
   struct {
     nlmsghdr n;
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/Android.bp b/staticlibs/netd/Android.bp
index 59ef20d..44abba2 100644
--- a/staticlibs/netd/Android.bp
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/Android.bp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
     sdk_version: "system_current",
     min_sdk_version: "30",
     static_libs: [
-        "netd_aidl_interface-V14-java",
+        "netd_aidl_interface-V15-java",
     ],
     apex_available: [
         "//apex_available:platform", // used from services.net
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 cc_library_static {
     name: "netd_aidl_interface-lateststable-ndk",
     whole_static_libs: [
-        "netd_aidl_interface-V14-ndk",
+        "netd_aidl_interface-V15-ndk",
     ],
     apex_available: [
         "com.android.resolv",
@@ -56,12 +56,12 @@
 
 cc_defaults {
     name: "netd_aidl_interface_lateststable_cpp_static",
-    static_libs: ["netd_aidl_interface-V14-cpp"],
+    static_libs: ["netd_aidl_interface-V15-cpp"],
 }
 
 cc_defaults {
     name: "netd_aidl_interface_lateststable_cpp_shared",
-    shared_libs: ["netd_aidl_interface-V14-cpp"],
+    shared_libs: ["netd_aidl_interface-V15-cpp"],
 }
 
 aidl_interface {
@@ -167,6 +167,10 @@
             version: "14",
             imports: [],
         },
+        {
+            version: "15",
+            imports: [],
+        },
 
     ],
     frozen: true,
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/.hash b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/.hash
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..afdadcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/.hash
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+2be6ff6fb01645cdddb3bb60f6de5727e5733267
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/INetd.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/INetd.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80b3b62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/INetd.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+/* @hide */
+interface INetd {
+  boolean isAlive();
+  /**
+   * @deprecated unimplemented on T+.
+   */
+  boolean firewallReplaceUidChain(in @utf8InCpp String chainName, boolean isAllowlist, in int[] uids);
+  boolean bandwidthEnableDataSaver(boolean enable);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated use networkCreate() instead.
+   */
+  void networkCreatePhysical(int netId, int permission);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated use networkCreate() instead.
+   */
+  void networkCreateVpn(int netId, boolean secure);
+  void networkDestroy(int netId);
+  void networkAddInterface(int netId, in @utf8InCpp String iface);
+  void networkRemoveInterface(int netId, in @utf8InCpp String iface);
+  void networkAddUidRanges(int netId, in android.net.UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges);
+  void networkRemoveUidRanges(int netId, in android.net.UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges);
+  void networkRejectNonSecureVpn(boolean add, in android.net.UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges);
+  void socketDestroy(in android.net.UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges, in int[] exemptUids);
+  boolean tetherApplyDnsInterfaces();
+  android.net.TetherStatsParcel[] tetherGetStats();
+  void interfaceAddAddress(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, in @utf8InCpp String addrString, int prefixLength);
+  void interfaceDelAddress(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, in @utf8InCpp String addrString, int prefixLength);
+  @utf8InCpp String getProcSysNet(int ipversion, int which, in @utf8InCpp String ifname, in @utf8InCpp String parameter);
+  void setProcSysNet(int ipversion, int which, in @utf8InCpp String ifname, in @utf8InCpp String parameter, in @utf8InCpp String value);
+  void ipSecSetEncapSocketOwner(in ParcelFileDescriptor socket, int newUid);
+  int ipSecAllocateSpi(int transformId, in @utf8InCpp String sourceAddress, in @utf8InCpp String destinationAddress, int spi);
+  void ipSecAddSecurityAssociation(int transformId, int mode, in @utf8InCpp String sourceAddress, in @utf8InCpp String destinationAddress, int underlyingNetId, int spi, int markValue, int markMask, in @utf8InCpp String authAlgo, in byte[] authKey, in int authTruncBits, in @utf8InCpp String cryptAlgo, in byte[] cryptKey, in int cryptTruncBits, in @utf8InCpp String aeadAlgo, in byte[] aeadKey, in int aeadIcvBits, int encapType, int encapLocalPort, int encapRemotePort, int interfaceId);
+  void ipSecDeleteSecurityAssociation(int transformId, in @utf8InCpp String sourceAddress, in @utf8InCpp String destinationAddress, int spi, int markValue, int markMask, int interfaceId);
+  void ipSecApplyTransportModeTransform(in ParcelFileDescriptor socket, int transformId, int direction, in @utf8InCpp String sourceAddress, in @utf8InCpp String destinationAddress, int spi);
+  void ipSecRemoveTransportModeTransform(in ParcelFileDescriptor socket);
+  void ipSecAddSecurityPolicy(int transformId, int selAddrFamily, int direction, in @utf8InCpp String tmplSrcAddress, in @utf8InCpp String tmplDstAddress, int spi, int markValue, int markMask, int interfaceId);
+  void ipSecUpdateSecurityPolicy(int transformId, int selAddrFamily, int direction, in @utf8InCpp String tmplSrcAddress, in @utf8InCpp String tmplDstAddress, int spi, int markValue, int markMask, int interfaceId);
+  void ipSecDeleteSecurityPolicy(int transformId, int selAddrFamily, int direction, int markValue, int markMask, int interfaceId);
+  void ipSecAddTunnelInterface(in @utf8InCpp String deviceName, in @utf8InCpp String localAddress, in @utf8InCpp String remoteAddress, int iKey, int oKey, int interfaceId);
+  void ipSecUpdateTunnelInterface(in @utf8InCpp String deviceName, in @utf8InCpp String localAddress, in @utf8InCpp String remoteAddress, int iKey, int oKey, int interfaceId);
+  void ipSecRemoveTunnelInterface(in @utf8InCpp String deviceName);
+  void wakeupAddInterface(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, in @utf8InCpp String prefix, int mark, int mask);
+  void wakeupDelInterface(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, in @utf8InCpp String prefix, int mark, int mask);
+  void setIPv6AddrGenMode(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, int mode);
+  void idletimerAddInterface(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, int timeout, in @utf8InCpp String classLabel);
+  void idletimerRemoveInterface(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, int timeout, in @utf8InCpp String classLabel);
+  void strictUidCleartextPenalty(int uid, int policyPenalty);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated This method has no effect and throws UnsupportedOperationException. The clatd control plane moved to the mainline module starting in T. See ClatCoordinator.
+   */
+  @utf8InCpp String clatdStart(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, in @utf8InCpp String nat64Prefix);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated This method has no effect and throws UnsupportedOperationException. The clatd control plane moved to the mainline module starting in T. See ClatCoordinator.
+   */
+  void clatdStop(in @utf8InCpp String ifName);
+  boolean ipfwdEnabled();
+  @utf8InCpp String[] ipfwdGetRequesterList();
+  void ipfwdEnableForwarding(in @utf8InCpp String requester);
+  void ipfwdDisableForwarding(in @utf8InCpp String requester);
+  void ipfwdAddInterfaceForward(in @utf8InCpp String fromIface, in @utf8InCpp String toIface);
+  void ipfwdRemoveInterfaceForward(in @utf8InCpp String fromIface, in @utf8InCpp String toIface);
+  void bandwidthSetInterfaceQuota(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, long bytes);
+  void bandwidthRemoveInterfaceQuota(in @utf8InCpp String ifName);
+  void bandwidthSetInterfaceAlert(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, long bytes);
+  void bandwidthRemoveInterfaceAlert(in @utf8InCpp String ifName);
+  void bandwidthSetGlobalAlert(long bytes);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated unimplemented on T+.
+   */
+  void bandwidthAddNaughtyApp(int uid);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated unimplemented on T+.
+   */
+  void bandwidthRemoveNaughtyApp(int uid);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated unimplemented on T+.
+   */
+  void bandwidthAddNiceApp(int uid);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated unimplemented on T+.
+   */
+  void bandwidthRemoveNiceApp(int uid);
+  void tetherStart(in @utf8InCpp String[] dhcpRanges);
+  void tetherStop();
+  boolean tetherIsEnabled();
+  void tetherInterfaceAdd(in @utf8InCpp String ifName);
+  void tetherInterfaceRemove(in @utf8InCpp String ifName);
+  @utf8InCpp String[] tetherInterfaceList();
+  void tetherDnsSet(int netId, in @utf8InCpp String[] dnsAddrs);
+  @utf8InCpp String[] tetherDnsList();
+  void networkAddRoute(int netId, in @utf8InCpp String ifName, in @utf8InCpp String destination, in @utf8InCpp String nextHop);
+  void networkRemoveRoute(int netId, in @utf8InCpp String ifName, in @utf8InCpp String destination, in @utf8InCpp String nextHop);
+  void networkAddLegacyRoute(int netId, in @utf8InCpp String ifName, in @utf8InCpp String destination, in @utf8InCpp String nextHop, int uid);
+  void networkRemoveLegacyRoute(int netId, in @utf8InCpp String ifName, in @utf8InCpp String destination, in @utf8InCpp String nextHop, int uid);
+  int networkGetDefault();
+  void networkSetDefault(int netId);
+  void networkClearDefault();
+  void networkSetPermissionForNetwork(int netId, int permission);
+  void networkSetPermissionForUser(int permission, in int[] uids);
+  void networkClearPermissionForUser(in int[] uids);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated unimplemented on T+.
+   */
+  void trafficSetNetPermForUids(int permission, in int[] uids);
+  void networkSetProtectAllow(int uid);
+  void networkSetProtectDeny(int uid);
+  boolean networkCanProtect(int uid);
+  void firewallSetFirewallType(int firewalltype);
+  void firewallSetInterfaceRule(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, int firewallRule);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated unimplemented on T+.
+   */
+  void firewallSetUidRule(int childChain, int uid, int firewallRule);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated unimplemented on T+.
+   */
+  void firewallEnableChildChain(int childChain, boolean enable);
+  @utf8InCpp String[] interfaceGetList();
+  android.net.InterfaceConfigurationParcel interfaceGetCfg(in @utf8InCpp String ifName);
+  void interfaceSetCfg(in android.net.InterfaceConfigurationParcel cfg);
+  void interfaceSetIPv6PrivacyExtensions(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, boolean enable);
+  void interfaceClearAddrs(in @utf8InCpp String ifName);
+  void interfaceSetEnableIPv6(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, boolean enable);
+  void interfaceSetMtu(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, int mtu);
+  void tetherAddForward(in @utf8InCpp String intIface, in @utf8InCpp String extIface);
+  void tetherRemoveForward(in @utf8InCpp String intIface, in @utf8InCpp String extIface);
+  void setTcpRWmemorySize(in @utf8InCpp String rmemValues, in @utf8InCpp String wmemValues);
+  void registerUnsolicitedEventListener(android.net.INetdUnsolicitedEventListener listener);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated unimplemented on T+.
+   */
+  void firewallAddUidInterfaceRules(in @utf8InCpp String ifName, in int[] uids);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated unimplemented on T+.
+   */
+  void firewallRemoveUidInterfaceRules(in int[] uids);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated unimplemented on T+.
+   */
+  void trafficSwapActiveStatsMap();
+  IBinder getOemNetd();
+  void tetherStartWithConfiguration(in android.net.TetherConfigParcel config);
+  android.net.MarkMaskParcel getFwmarkForNetwork(int netId);
+  void networkAddRouteParcel(int netId, in android.net.RouteInfoParcel routeInfo);
+  void networkUpdateRouteParcel(int netId, in android.net.RouteInfoParcel routeInfo);
+  void networkRemoveRouteParcel(int netId, in android.net.RouteInfoParcel routeInfo);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated This method has no effect and throws UnsupportedOperationException. The mainline module accesses the BPF map directly starting in S. See BpfCoordinator.
+   */
+  void tetherOffloadRuleAdd(in android.net.TetherOffloadRuleParcel rule);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated This method has no effect and throws UnsupportedOperationException. The mainline module accesses the BPF map directly starting in S. See BpfCoordinator.
+   */
+  void tetherOffloadRuleRemove(in android.net.TetherOffloadRuleParcel rule);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated This method has no effect and throws UnsupportedOperationException. The mainline module accesses the BPF map directly starting in S. See BpfCoordinator.
+   */
+  android.net.TetherStatsParcel[] tetherOffloadGetStats();
+  /**
+   * @deprecated This method has no effect and throws UnsupportedOperationException. The mainline module accesses the BPF map directly starting in S. See BpfCoordinator.
+   */
+  void tetherOffloadSetInterfaceQuota(int ifIndex, long quotaBytes);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated This method has no effect and throws UnsupportedOperationException. The mainline module accesses the BPF map directly starting in S. See BpfCoordinator.
+   */
+  android.net.TetherStatsParcel tetherOffloadGetAndClearStats(int ifIndex);
+  void networkCreate(in android.net.NativeNetworkConfig config);
+  void networkAddUidRangesParcel(in android.net.netd.aidl.NativeUidRangeConfig uidRangesConfig);
+  void networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(in android.net.netd.aidl.NativeUidRangeConfig uidRangesConfig);
+  void ipSecMigrate(in android.net.IpSecMigrateInfoParcel migrateInfo);
+  void setNetworkAllowlist(in android.net.netd.aidl.NativeUidRangeConfig[] allowedNetworks);
+  void networkAllowBypassVpnOnNetwork(boolean allow, int uid, int netId);
+  const int IPV4 = 4;
+  const int IPV6 = 6;
+  const int CONF = 1;
+  const int NEIGH = 2;
+  const String IPSEC_INTERFACE_PREFIX = "ipsec";
+  const int IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE_EUI64 = 0;
+  const int IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE_NONE = 1;
+  const int IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE_STABLE_PRIVACY = 2;
+  const int IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE_RANDOM = 3;
+  const int IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE_DEFAULT = 0;
+  const int PENALTY_POLICY_ACCEPT = 1;
+  const int PENALTY_POLICY_LOG = 2;
+  const int PENALTY_POLICY_REJECT = 3;
+  const int CLAT_MARK = 0xdeadc1a7;
+  const int LOCAL_NET_ID = 99;
+  const int DUMMY_NET_ID = 51;
+  const int UNREACHABLE_NET_ID = 52;
+  const String NEXTHOP_NONE = "";
+  const String NEXTHOP_UNREACHABLE = "unreachable";
+  const String NEXTHOP_THROW = "throw";
+  const int PERMISSION_NONE = 0;
+  const int PERMISSION_NETWORK = 1;
+  const int PERMISSION_SYSTEM = 2;
+  const int NO_PERMISSIONS = 0;
+  const int PERMISSION_INTERNET = 4;
+  const int PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS = 8;
+  const int PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED = (-1) /* -1 */;
+  /**
+   * @deprecated use FIREWALL_ALLOWLIST.
+   */
+  const int FIREWALL_WHITELIST = 0;
+  const int FIREWALL_ALLOWLIST = 0;
+  /**
+   * @deprecated use FIREWALL_DENYLIST.
+   */
+  const int FIREWALL_BLACKLIST = 1;
+  const int FIREWALL_DENYLIST = 1;
+  const int FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW = 1;
+  const int FIREWALL_RULE_DENY = 2;
+  const int FIREWALL_CHAIN_NONE = 0;
+  const int FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE = 1;
+  const int FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY = 2;
+  const int FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE = 3;
+  const int FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED = 4;
+  const String IF_STATE_UP = "up";
+  const String IF_STATE_DOWN = "down";
+  const String IF_FLAG_BROADCAST = "broadcast";
+  const String IF_FLAG_LOOPBACK = "loopback";
+  const String IF_FLAG_POINTOPOINT = "point-to-point";
+  const String IF_FLAG_RUNNING = "running";
+  const String IF_FLAG_MULTICAST = "multicast";
+  const int IPSEC_DIRECTION_IN = 0;
+  const int IPSEC_DIRECTION_OUT = 1;
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/INetdUnsolicitedEventListener.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/INetdUnsolicitedEventListener.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31775df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/INetdUnsolicitedEventListener.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+/* @hide */
+interface INetdUnsolicitedEventListener {
+  oneway void onInterfaceClassActivityChanged(boolean isActive, int timerLabel, long timestampNs, int uid);
+  oneway void onQuotaLimitReached(@utf8InCpp String alertName, @utf8InCpp String ifName);
+  oneway void onInterfaceDnsServerInfo(@utf8InCpp String ifName, long lifetimeS, in @utf8InCpp String[] servers);
+  oneway void onInterfaceAddressUpdated(@utf8InCpp String addr, @utf8InCpp String ifName, int flags, int scope);
+  oneway void onInterfaceAddressRemoved(@utf8InCpp String addr, @utf8InCpp String ifName, int flags, int scope);
+  oneway void onInterfaceAdded(@utf8InCpp String ifName);
+  oneway void onInterfaceRemoved(@utf8InCpp String ifName);
+  oneway void onInterfaceChanged(@utf8InCpp String ifName, boolean up);
+  oneway void onInterfaceLinkStateChanged(@utf8InCpp String ifName, boolean up);
+  oneway void onRouteChanged(boolean updated, @utf8InCpp String route, @utf8InCpp String gateway, @utf8InCpp String ifName);
+  oneway void onStrictCleartextDetected(int uid, @utf8InCpp String hex);
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/InterfaceConfigurationParcel.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/InterfaceConfigurationParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1869d8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/InterfaceConfigurationParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+/* @hide */
+parcelable InterfaceConfigurationParcel {
+  @utf8InCpp String ifName;
+  @utf8InCpp String hwAddr;
+  @utf8InCpp String ipv4Addr;
+  int prefixLength;
+  @utf8InCpp String[] flags;
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/IpSecMigrateInfoParcel.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/IpSecMigrateInfoParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..975a261
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/IpSecMigrateInfoParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+@JavaOnlyImmutable
+parcelable IpSecMigrateInfoParcel {
+  int requestId;
+  int selAddrFamily;
+  int direction;
+  @utf8InCpp String oldSourceAddress;
+  @utf8InCpp String oldDestinationAddress;
+  @utf8InCpp String newSourceAddress;
+  @utf8InCpp String newDestinationAddress;
+  int interfaceId;
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/MarkMaskParcel.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/MarkMaskParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ea20d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/MarkMaskParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+/* @hide */
+parcelable MarkMaskParcel {
+  int mark;
+  int mask;
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/NativeNetworkConfig.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/NativeNetworkConfig.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77d814b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/NativeNetworkConfig.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+/* @hide */
+@JavaDerive(equals=true, toString=true) @JavaOnlyImmutable
+parcelable NativeNetworkConfig {
+  int netId;
+  android.net.NativeNetworkType networkType = android.net.NativeNetworkType.PHYSICAL;
+  int permission;
+  boolean secure;
+  android.net.NativeVpnType vpnType = android.net.NativeVpnType.PLATFORM;
+  boolean excludeLocalRoutes = false;
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/NativeNetworkType.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/NativeNetworkType.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e77a143
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/NativeNetworkType.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum NativeNetworkType {
+  PHYSICAL = 0,
+  VIRTUAL = 1,
+  PHYSICAL_LOCAL = 2,
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/NativeVpnType.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/NativeVpnType.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a8be83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/NativeVpnType.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum NativeVpnType {
+  SERVICE = 1,
+  PLATFORM = 2,
+  LEGACY = 3,
+  OEM = 4,
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/RouteInfoParcel.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/RouteInfoParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ef95e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/RouteInfoParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+parcelable RouteInfoParcel {
+  @utf8InCpp String destination;
+  @utf8InCpp String ifName;
+  @utf8InCpp String nextHop;
+  int mtu;
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/TetherConfigParcel.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/TetherConfigParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b39c22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/TetherConfigParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+/* @hide */
+parcelable TetherConfigParcel {
+  boolean usingLegacyDnsProxy;
+  @utf8InCpp String[] dhcpRanges;
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/TetherOffloadRuleParcel.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/TetherOffloadRuleParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..983e986
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/TetherOffloadRuleParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+/* @hide */
+parcelable TetherOffloadRuleParcel {
+  int inputInterfaceIndex;
+  int outputInterfaceIndex;
+  byte[] destination;
+  int prefixLength;
+  byte[] srcL2Address;
+  byte[] dstL2Address;
+  int pmtu = 1500;
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/TetherStatsParcel.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/TetherStatsParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f1b722
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/TetherStatsParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+/* @hide */
+parcelable TetherStatsParcel {
+  @utf8InCpp String iface;
+  long rxBytes;
+  long rxPackets;
+  long txBytes;
+  long txPackets;
+  int ifIndex = 0;
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/UidRangeParcel.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/UidRangeParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72e987a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/UidRangeParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net;
+/* @hide */
+@JavaDerive(equals=true, toString=true) @JavaOnlyImmutable
+parcelable UidRangeParcel {
+  int start;
+  int stop;
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/netd/aidl/NativeUidRangeConfig.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/netd/aidl/NativeUidRangeConfig.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bb679f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/15/android/net/netd/aidl/NativeUidRangeConfig.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.net.netd.aidl;
+/* @hide */
+@JavaDerive(equals=true, toString=true) @JavaOnlyImmutable
+parcelable NativeUidRangeConfig {
+  int netId;
+  android.net.UidRangeParcel[] uidRanges;
+  int subPriority;
+}
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/current/android/net/INetd.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/current/android/net/INetd.aidl
index 8ccefb2..80b3b62 100644
--- a/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/current/android/net/INetd.aidl
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/aidl_api/netd_aidl_interface/current/android/net/INetd.aidl
@@ -203,6 +203,7 @@
   void networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(in android.net.netd.aidl.NativeUidRangeConfig uidRangesConfig);
   void ipSecMigrate(in android.net.IpSecMigrateInfoParcel migrateInfo);
   void setNetworkAllowlist(in android.net.netd.aidl.NativeUidRangeConfig[] allowedNetworks);
+  void networkAllowBypassVpnOnNetwork(boolean allow, int uid, int netId);
   const int IPV4 = 4;
   const int IPV6 = 6;
   const int CONF = 1;
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/binder/android/net/INetd.aidl b/staticlibs/netd/binder/android/net/INetd.aidl
index ee27e84..e4c63b9 100644
--- a/staticlibs/netd/binder/android/net/INetd.aidl
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/binder/android/net/INetd.aidl
@@ -1446,4 +1446,27 @@
     *                               - subPriority: unused
     */
     void setNetworkAllowlist(in NativeUidRangeConfig[] allowedNetworks);
+
+    /**
+     * Allow the UID to explicitly select the given network even if it is subject to a VPN.
+     *
+     * Throws ServiceSpecificException with error code EEXISTS when trying to add a bypass rule that
+     * already exists, and ENOENT when trying to remove a bypass rule that does not exist.
+     *
+     * netId specific bypass rules can be combined and are allowed to overlap with global VPN
+     * exclusions (by calling networkSetProtectAllow / networkSetProtectDeny, or by setting netId to
+     * 0). Adding or removing global VPN bypass rules does not affect the netId specific rules and
+     * vice versa.
+     *
+     * Note that if netId is set to 0 (NETID_UNSET) this API is equivalent to
+     * networkSetProtectAllow} / #networkSetProtectDeny.
+     *
+     * @param allow whether to allow or disallow the operation.
+     * @param uid the UID
+     * @param netId the netId that the UID is allowed to select.
+     *
+     * @throws ServiceSpecificException in case of failure, with an error code indicating the
+     *         cause of the failure.
+     */
+    void networkAllowBypassVpnOnNetwork(boolean allow, int uid, int netId);
 }
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/libnetdutils/InternetAddresses.cpp b/staticlibs/netd/libnetdutils/InternetAddresses.cpp
index 322f1b1..6d98608 100644
--- a/staticlibs/netd/libnetdutils/InternetAddresses.cpp
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/libnetdutils/InternetAddresses.cpp
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #include "netdutils/InternetAddresses.h"
 
+#include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string>
 
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
diff --git a/staticlibs/testutils/devicetests/com/android/testutils/TestableNetworkCallback.kt b/staticlibs/testutils/devicetests/com/android/testutils/TestableNetworkCallback.kt
index f76916a..66362d4 100644
--- a/staticlibs/testutils/devicetests/com/android/testutils/TestableNetworkCallback.kt
+++ b/staticlibs/testutils/devicetests/com/android/testutils/TestableNetworkCallback.kt
@@ -360,17 +360,29 @@
         timeoutMs: Long = defaultTimeoutMs,
         errorMsg: String? = null,
         test: (T) -> Boolean = { true }
-    ) = (poll(timeoutMs) ?: fail("Did not receive ${T::class.simpleName} after ${timeoutMs}ms"))
+    ) = (poll(timeoutMs) ?: failWithErrorReason(errorMsg,
+        "Did not receive ${T::class.simpleName} after ${timeoutMs}ms"))
             .also {
-                if (it !is T) fail("Expected callback ${T::class.simpleName}, got $it")
+                if (it !is T) {
+                    failWithErrorReason(
+                        errorMsg,
+                        "Expected callback ${T::class.simpleName}, got $it"
+                    )
+                }
                 if (ANY_NETWORK !== network && it.network != network) {
-                    fail("Expected network $network for callback : $it")
+                    failWithErrorReason(errorMsg, "Expected network $network for callback : $it")
                 }
                 if (!test(it)) {
-                    fail("${errorMsg ?: "Callback doesn't match predicate"} : $it")
+                    failWithErrorReason(errorMsg, "Callback doesn't match predicate : $it")
                 }
             } as T
 
+    // "Nothing" is the return type to declare a function never returns a value.
+    fun failWithErrorReason(errorMsg: String?, errorReason: String): Nothing {
+        val message = if (errorMsg != null) "$errorMsg : $errorReason" else errorReason
+        fail(message)
+    }
+
     inline fun <reified T : CallbackEntry> expect(
         network: HasNetwork,
         timeoutMs: Long = defaultTimeoutMs,
diff --git a/tests/common/Android.bp b/tests/common/Android.bp
index 6e9d614..e95a81a 100644
--- a/tests/common/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/common/Android.bp
@@ -201,3 +201,8 @@
     name: "connectivity-mainline-presubmit-java-defaults",
     test_mainline_modules: mainline_presubmit_modules,
 }
+
+filegroup {
+    name: "connectivity_mainline_test_map",
+    srcs: ["connectivity_mainline_test.map"],
+}
diff --git a/tests/common/connectivity_mainline_test.map b/tests/common/connectivity_mainline_test.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..043312e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/common/connectivity_mainline_test.map
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+# Some connectivity tests run on older OS versions, and for those tests, many
+# library dependencies (such as libbase and libc++) need to be linked
+# statically. The tests also need to be linked with a version script to ensure
+# that the statically-linked library isn't exported from the executable, where
+# it would override the shared libraries that the OS itself uses. See
+# b/333438055 for an example of what goes wrong when libc++ is partially
+# exported from an executable.
+{
+  local:
+    *;
+};
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java
index 50d6e76..e88c105 100755
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 import static android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_TELEPHONY;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_VPN;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_VPN;
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@
 import static com.android.testutils.Cleanup.testAndCleanup;
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 import static com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback.CallbackEntry.BLOCKED_STATUS_INT;
+import static com.android.testutils.TestPermissionUtil.runAsShell;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
@@ -977,11 +979,18 @@
                 registerDefaultNetworkCallbackForUid(otherUid, otherUidCallback, h);
                 registerDefaultNetworkCallbackForUid(Process.myUid(), myUidCallback, h);
             }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
-            for (TestableNetworkCallback callback :
-                    List.of(systemDefaultCallback, otherUidCallback, myUidCallback)) {
+            for (TestableNetworkCallback callback : List.of(systemDefaultCallback, myUidCallback)) {
                 callback.expectAvailableCallbacks(defaultNetwork, false /* suspended */,
                         true /* validated */, false /* blocked */, TIMEOUT_MS);
             }
+            // On V+, ConnectivityService generates blockedReasons based on bpf map contents even if
+            // the otherUid does not exist on device. So if the background chain is enabled,
+            // otherUid is blocked.
+            final boolean isOtherUidBlocked = SdkLevel.isAtLeastV()
+                    && runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> mCM.getFirewallChainEnabled(
+                            FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND));
+            otherUidCallback.expectAvailableCallbacks(defaultNetwork, false /* suspended */,
+                    true /* validated */, isOtherUidBlocked, TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
         FileDescriptor fd = openSocketFdInOtherApp(TEST_HOST, 80, TIMEOUT_MS);
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ApfIntegrationTest.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ApfIntegrationTest.kt
index a679498..90fb7a9 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ApfIntegrationTest.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ApfIntegrationTest.kt
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
 import android.util.Log
 import androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice
 import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
+import com.android.compatibility.common.util.PropertyUtil.getFirstApiLevel
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.PropertyUtil.getVsrApiLevel
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runShellCommand
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runShellCommandOrThrow
@@ -191,8 +192,8 @@
             futureReply!!.complete(recvbuf.sliceArray(8..<length))
         }
 
-        fun sendPing(data: ByteArray) {
-            require(data.size == 56)
+        fun sendPing(data: ByteArray, payloadSize: Int) {
+            require(data.size == payloadSize)
 
             // rfc4443#section-4.1: Echo Request Message
             //   0                   1                   2                   3
@@ -318,7 +319,7 @@
 
         if (caps.apfVersionSupported > 4) {
             assertThat(caps.maximumApfProgramSize).isAtLeast(2048)
-            assertThat(caps.apfVersionSupported).isEqualTo(6000)  // v6.0000
+            assertThat(caps.apfVersionSupported).isEqualTo(6000) // v6.0000
         }
 
         // DEVICEs launching with Android 15 (AOSP experimental) or higher with CHIPSETs that set
@@ -356,9 +357,15 @@
     fun testReadWriteProgram() {
         assumeApfVersionSupportAtLeast(4)
 
-        // Only test down to 2 bytes. The first byte always stays PASS.
+        val minReadWriteSize = if (getFirstApiLevel() >= Build.VERSION_CODES.VANILLA_ICE_CREAM) {
+            2
+        } else {
+            8
+        }
+
+        // The minReadWriteSize is 2 bytes. The first byte always stays PASS.
         val program = ByteArray(caps.maximumApfProgramSize)
-        for (i in caps.maximumApfProgramSize downTo 2) {
+        for (i in caps.maximumApfProgramSize downTo minReadWriteSize) {
             // Randomize bytes in range [1, i). And install first [0, i) bytes of program.
             // Note that only the very first instruction (PASS) is valid APF bytecode.
             Random.nextBytes(program, 1 /* fromIndex */, i /* toIndex */)
@@ -366,7 +373,15 @@
 
             // Compare entire memory region.
             val readResult = readProgram()
-            assertWithMessage("read/write $i byte prog failed").that(readResult).isEqualTo(program)
+            val errMsg = """
+                read/write $i byte prog failed.
+                In APFv4, the APF memory region MUST NOT be modified or cleared except by APF
+                instructions executed by the interpreter or by Android OS calls to the HAL. If this
+                requirement cannot be met, the firmware cannot declare that it supports APFv4 and
+                it should declare that it only supports APFv3(if counter is partially supported) or
+                APFv2.
+            """.trimIndent()
+            assertWithMessage(errMsg).that(readResult).isEqualTo(program)
         }
     }
 
@@ -388,6 +403,10 @@
     @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
     @Test
     fun testDropPingReply() {
+        // VSR-14 mandates APF to be turned on when the screen is off and the Wi-Fi link
+        // is idle or traffic is less than 10 Mbps. Before that, we don't mandate when the APF
+        // should be turned on.
+        assume().that(getVsrApiLevel()).isAtLeast(34)
         assumeApfVersionSupportAtLeast(4)
 
         // clear any active APF filter
@@ -396,8 +415,13 @@
         readProgram() // wait for install completion
 
         // Assert that initial ping does not get filtered.
-        val data = ByteArray(56).also { Random.nextBytes(it) }
-        packetReader.sendPing(data)
+        val payloadSize = if (getFirstApiLevel() >= Build.VERSION_CODES.VANILLA_ICE_CREAM) {
+            68
+        } else {
+            4
+        }
+        val data = ByteArray(payloadSize).also { Random.nextBytes(it) }
+        packetReader.sendPing(data, payloadSize)
         assertThat(packetReader.expectPingReply()).isEqualTo(data)
 
         // Generate an APF program that drops the next ping
@@ -417,7 +441,7 @@
         installProgram(program)
         readProgram() // wait for install completion
 
-        packetReader.sendPing(data)
+        packetReader.sendPing(data, payloadSize)
         packetReader.expectPingDropped()
     }
 
@@ -427,6 +451,10 @@
     @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
     @Test
     fun testPrefilledMemorySlotsV4() {
+        // VSR-14 mandates APF to be turned on when the screen is off and the Wi-Fi link
+        // is idle or traffic is less than 10 Mbps. Before that, we don't mandate when the APF
+        // should be turned on.
+        assume().that(getVsrApiLevel()).isAtLeast(34)
         // Test v4 memory slots on both v4 and v6 interpreters.
         assumeApfVersionSupportAtLeast(4)
         clearApfMemory()
@@ -455,8 +483,13 @@
         readProgram() // wait for install completion
 
         // Trigger the program by sending a ping and waiting on the reply.
-        val data = ByteArray(56).also { Random.nextBytes(it) }
-        packetReader.sendPing(data)
+        val payloadSize = if (getFirstApiLevel() >= Build.VERSION_CODES.VANILLA_ICE_CREAM) {
+            68
+        } else {
+            4
+        }
+        val data = ByteArray(payloadSize).also { Random.nextBytes(it) }
+        packetReader.sendPing(data, payloadSize)
         packetReader.expectPingReply()
 
         val readResult = readProgram()
@@ -464,8 +497,51 @@
         expect.withMessage("PROGRAM_SIZE").that(buffer.getInt()).isEqualTo(program.size)
         expect.withMessage("RAM_LEN").that(buffer.getInt()).isEqualTo(caps.maximumApfProgramSize)
         expect.withMessage("IPV4_HEADER_SIZE").that(buffer.getInt()).isEqualTo(0)
-        // Ping packet (64) + IPv6 header (40) + ethernet header (14)
-        expect.withMessage("PACKET_SIZE").that(buffer.getInt()).isEqualTo(64 + 40 + 14)
+        // Ping packet payload + ICMPv6 header (8)  + IPv6 header (40) + ethernet header (14)
+        expect.withMessage("PACKET_SIZE").that(buffer.getInt()).isEqualTo(payloadSize + 8 + 40 + 14)
         expect.withMessage("FILTER_AGE_SECONDS").that(buffer.getInt()).isLessThan(5)
     }
+
+    // APF integration is mostly broken before V
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
+    @Test
+    fun testFilterAgeIncreasesBetweenPackets() {
+        // VSR-14 mandates APF to be turned on when the screen is off and the Wi-Fi link
+        // is idle or traffic is less than 10 Mbps. Before that, we don't mandate when the APF
+        // should be turned on.
+        assume().that(getVsrApiLevel()).isAtLeast(34)
+        assumeApfVersionSupportAtLeast(4)
+        clearApfMemory()
+        val gen = ApfV4Generator(4)
+
+        // If not ICMPv6 Echo Reply -> PASS
+        gen.addPassIfNotIcmpv6EchoReply()
+
+        // Store all prefilled memory slots in counter region [500, 520)
+        val counterRegion = 500
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(R1, counterRegion)
+        gen.addLoadFromMemory(R0, MemorySlot.FILTER_AGE_SECONDS)
+        gen.addStoreData(R0, 0)
+
+        installProgram(gen.generate())
+        readProgram() // wait for install completion
+
+        val payloadSize = 56
+        val data = ByteArray(payloadSize).also { Random.nextBytes(it) }
+        packetReader.sendPing(data, payloadSize)
+        packetReader.expectPingReply()
+
+        var buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(readProgram(), counterRegion, 4 /* length */)
+        val filterAgeSecondsOrig = buffer.getInt()
+
+        Thread.sleep(5100)
+
+        packetReader.sendPing(data, payloadSize)
+        packetReader.expectPingReply()
+
+        buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(readProgram(), counterRegion, 4 /* length */)
+        val filterAgeSeconds = buffer.getInt()
+        // Assert that filter age has increased, but not too much.
+        assertThat(filterAgeSeconds - filterAgeSecondsOrig).isEqualTo(5)
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
index 5ed4696..bf40462 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
@@ -36,11 +36,22 @@
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI_DIRECT;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_ADMIN_DISABLED;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_APP_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_BATTERY_SAVER;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_OEM_DENY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_RESTRICTED_MODE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NETWORK;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_REQUEST;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3;
@@ -196,6 +207,7 @@
 import com.android.testutils.CompatUtil;
 import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreAfter;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
 import com.android.testutils.DeviceConfigRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DeviceInfoUtils;
@@ -2472,8 +2484,11 @@
         }
     }
 
+    // On V+, ConnectivityService generates blockedReasons based on bpf map contents even if the
+    // otherUid does not exist on device. So if allowlist chain (e.g. background chain) is enabled,
+    // blockedReasons for otherUid will not be BLOCKED_REASON_NONE.
     @AppModeFull(reason = "Cannot get WifiManager in instant app mode")
-    @Test
+    @Test @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
     public void testBlockedStatusCallback() throws Exception {
         // Cannot use @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R) because this test also requires API 31
         // shims, and @IgnoreUpTo does not check that.
@@ -3713,6 +3728,260 @@
                 Process.myUid() + 1, EXPECT_OPEN);
     }
 
+    private int getBlockedReason(final int chain) {
+        switch(chain) {
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE:
+                return BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE;
+            case  FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE:
+                return BLOCKED_REASON_BATTERY_SAVER;
+            case  FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED:
+                return BLOCKED_REASON_RESTRICTED_MODE;
+            case  FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY:
+                return BLOCKED_REASON_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+            case  FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND:
+                return BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND;
+            case  FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY:
+                return BLOCKED_REASON_APP_STANDBY;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER:
+                return BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN:
+                return BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_ADMIN_DISABLED;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1:
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2:
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3:
+                return BLOCKED_REASON_OEM_DENY;
+            default:
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                        "Failed to find blockedReasons for chain: " + chain);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void doTestBlockedReasons_setUidFirewallRule(final int chain, final boolean metered)
+            throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_WIFI));
+
+        // Store current Wi-Fi metered value and update metered value
+        final Network currentWifiNetwork = mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+        final NetworkCapabilities wifiNetworkCapabilities = callWithShellPermissionIdentity(
+                () -> mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(currentWifiNetwork));
+        final String ssid = unquoteSSID(wifiNetworkCapabilities.getSsid());
+        final boolean oldMeteredValue = wifiNetworkCapabilities.isMetered();
+        final Network wifiNetwork =
+                setWifiMeteredStatusAndWait(ssid, metered, true /* waitForValidation */);
+
+        // Store current firewall chains status. This test operates on the chain that is passed in,
+        // but also always operates on FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER to ensure that metered
+        // chains are tested as well.
+        final int myUid = Process.myUid();
+        final boolean wasChainEnabled = runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
+                () -> mCm.getFirewallChainEnabled(chain), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+        final int previousFirewallRule = runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
+                () -> mCm.getUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid));
+        final int previousMeteredDenyFirewallRule = runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
+                () -> mCm.getUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER, myUid));
+
+        final DetailedBlockedStatusCallback cb = new DetailedBlockedStatusCallback();
+        networkCallbackRule.requestNetwork(makeWifiNetworkRequest(), cb);
+        testAndCleanup(() -> {
+            int blockedReasonsWithoutChain = BLOCKED_REASON_NONE;
+            int blockedReasonsWithChain = getBlockedReason(chain);
+            int blockedReasonsWithChainAndLockDown =
+                    getBlockedReason(chain) | BLOCKED_REASON_LOCKDOWN_VPN;
+            if (metered) {
+                blockedReasonsWithoutChain |= BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED;
+                blockedReasonsWithChain |= BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED;
+                blockedReasonsWithChainAndLockDown |= BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED;
+            }
+
+            // Set RULE_DENY on target chain and metered deny chain
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+                mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, true /* enable */);
+                mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
+                mCm.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER, myUid,
+                        FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
+            }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(wifiNetwork, blockedReasonsWithChain);
+
+            // Set VPN lockdown
+            final Range<Integer> myUidRange = new Range<>(myUid, myUid);
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> setRequireVpnForUids(
+                    true /* requireVpn */, List.of(myUidRange)), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(wifiNetwork,
+                    blockedReasonsWithChainAndLockDown);
+
+            // Unset VPN lockdown
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> setRequireVpnForUids(
+                    false /* requireVpn */, List.of(myUidRange)), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(wifiNetwork, blockedReasonsWithChain);
+
+            // Set RULE_ALLOW on target chain
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
+                    () -> mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW),
+                    NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(wifiNetwork, blockedReasonsWithoutChain);
+
+            // Set RULE_ALLOW on metered deny chain
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> mCm.setUidFirewallRule(
+                            FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER, myUid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW),
+                    NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            if (metered) {
+                cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(wifiNetwork, BLOCKED_REASON_NONE);
+            }
+        }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+            setWifiMeteredStatusAndWait(ssid, oldMeteredValue, false /* waitForValidation */);
+        }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+            mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cb);
+        }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+                mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, wasChainEnabled);
+                try {
+                    mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid, previousFirewallRule);
+                } catch (IllegalStateException ignored) {
+                    // Removing match causes an exception when the rule entry for the uid does
+                    // not exist. But this is fine and can be ignored.
+                }
+                try {
+                    mCm.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER, myUid,
+                            previousMeteredDenyFirewallRule);
+                } catch (IllegalStateException ignored) {
+                    // Removing match causes an exception when the rule entry for the uid does
+                    // not exist. But this is fine and can be ignored.
+                }
+            }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @AppModeFull(reason = "Cannot get WifiManager in instant app mode")
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE) @ConnectivityModuleTest
+    public void testBlockedReasons_setUidFirewallRule() throws Exception {
+        doTestBlockedReasons_setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, true /* metered */);
+        doTestBlockedReasons_setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY, false /* metered */);
+    }
+
+    private void doTestBlockedReasons_setFirewallChainEnabled(final int chain) {
+        // Store current firewall chains status.
+        final int myUid = Process.myUid();
+        // TODO(b/342508466): Use runAsShell
+        final boolean wasChainEnabled = runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
+                () -> mCm.getFirewallChainEnabled(chain), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+        final int previousFirewallRule = runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
+                () -> mCm.getUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+
+        final DetailedBlockedStatusCallback cb = new DetailedBlockedStatusCallback();
+        networkCallbackRule.registerDefaultNetworkCallback(cb);
+        final Network network = cb.expect(CallbackEntry.AVAILABLE).getNetwork();
+        testAndCleanup(() -> {
+            // Disable chain and set RULE_DENY on target chain
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+                mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, false /* enable */);
+                mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
+            }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(network, BLOCKED_REASON_NONE);
+
+            // Enable chain
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+                mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, true /* enable */);
+            }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(network, getBlockedReason(chain));
+
+            // Disable chain
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+                mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, false /* enable */);
+            }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(network, BLOCKED_REASON_NONE);
+        }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+                mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, wasChainEnabled);
+                try {
+                    mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid, previousFirewallRule);
+                } catch (IllegalStateException ignored) {
+                    // Removing match causes an exception when the rule entry for the uid does
+                    // not exist. But this is fine and can be ignored.
+                }
+            }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE) @ConnectivityModuleTest
+    public void testBlockedReasons_setFirewallChainEnabled() {
+        doTestBlockedReasons_setFirewallChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE);
+        doTestBlockedReasons_setFirewallChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1);
+    }
+
+    private void doTestBlockedReasons_replaceFirewallChain(
+            final int chain, final boolean isAllowList) {
+        // Store current firewall chains status.
+        final int myUid = Process.myUid();
+        final boolean wasChainEnabled = runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
+                () -> mCm.getFirewallChainEnabled(chain), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+        final int previousFirewallRule = runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
+                () -> mCm.getUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+
+        final DetailedBlockedStatusCallback cb = new DetailedBlockedStatusCallback();
+        networkCallbackRule.registerDefaultNetworkCallback(cb);
+        final Network network = cb.expect(CallbackEntry.AVAILABLE).getNetwork();
+        testAndCleanup(() -> {
+            cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(network, BLOCKED_REASON_NONE);
+
+            // Remove uid from the target chain and enable chain
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+                // Note that this removes *all* UIDs from the chain, not just the UID that is
+                // being tested. This is probably OK since FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2 is unused
+                // in AOSP and FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND is probably empty when running this
+                // test (since nothing is in the foreground).
+                //
+                // TODO(b/342508466): add a getFirewallUidChainContents or similar method to fetch
+                // chain contents, and update this test to use it.
+                mCm.replaceFirewallChain(chain, new int[0]);
+                mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, true /* enable */);
+            }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+
+            if (isAllowList) {
+                cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(network, getBlockedReason(chain));
+            } else {
+                cb.assertNoBlockedStatusCallback();
+            }
+
+            // Put uid on the target chain
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
+                    () -> mCm.replaceFirewallChain(chain, new int[]{myUid}), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+
+            if (isAllowList) {
+                cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(network, BLOCKED_REASON_NONE);
+            } else {
+                cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(network, getBlockedReason(chain));
+            }
+
+            // Remove uid from the target chain
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
+                    () -> mCm.replaceFirewallChain(chain, new int[0]), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+
+            if (isAllowList) {
+                cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(network, getBlockedReason(chain));
+            } else {
+                cb.eventuallyExpectBlockedStatusCallback(network, BLOCKED_REASON_NONE);
+            }
+        }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+                mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, wasChainEnabled);
+                try {
+                    mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid, previousFirewallRule);
+                } catch (IllegalStateException ignored) {
+                    // Removing match causes an exception when the rule entry for the uid does
+                    // not exist. But this is fine and can be ignored.
+                }
+            }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE) @ConnectivityModuleTest
+    public void testBlockedReasons_replaceFirewallChain() {
+        doTestBlockedReasons_replaceFirewallChain(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, true /* isAllowChain */);
+        doTestBlockedReasons_replaceFirewallChain(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2, false /* isAllowChain */);
+    }
+
     private void assumeTestSApis() {
         // Cannot use @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R) because this test also requires API 31
         // shims, and @IgnoreUpTo does not check that.
diff --git a/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt b/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt
index d2e46af..06bdca6 100644
--- a/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt
+++ b/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager
 import android.net.IDnsResolver
 import android.net.INetd
+import android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_INTERNET
 import android.net.LinkProperties
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET
@@ -225,6 +226,9 @@
         override fun getSystemProperties() = mock(MockableSystemProperties::class.java)
         override fun makeNetIdManager() = TestNetIdManager()
         override fun getBpfNetMaps(context: Context?, netd: INetd?) = mock(BpfNetMaps::class.java)
+                .also {
+                    doReturn(PERMISSION_INTERNET).`when`(it).getNetPermForUid(anyInt())
+                }
         override fun isChangeEnabled(changeId: Long, uid: Int) = true
 
         override fun makeMultinetworkPolicyTracker(
diff --git a/tests/mts/Android.bp b/tests/mts/Android.bp
index 336be2e..c118d0a 100644
--- a/tests/mts/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/mts/Android.bp
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@
     header_libs: [
         "bpf_headers",
     ],
+    version_script: ":connectivity_mainline_test_map",
+    stl: "libc++_static",
     static_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libmodules-utils-build",
diff --git a/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/Android.bp b/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/Android.bp
index 2f66d17..c5088c6 100644
--- a/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/Android.bp
@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@
         "connectivity_native_test.cpp",
     ],
     header_libs: ["bpf_connectivity_headers"],
+    version_script: ":connectivity_mainline_test_map",
+    stl: "libc++_static",
     shared_libs: [
-        "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
         "liblog",
         "libnetutils",
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "connectivity_native_aidl_interface-lateststable-ndk",
+        "libbase",
         "libcutils",
         "libmodules-utils-build",
         "libutils",
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index b6cb09b..44a8222 100755
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_MASK;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_BATTERY_SAVER;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_NONE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_DEVICE_TYPE;
@@ -163,7 +164,6 @@
 import static android.telephony.DataConnectionRealTimeInfo.DC_POWER_STATE_LOW;
 
 import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.ALLOW_SATALLITE_NETWORK_FALLBACK;
-import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.DELAY_DESTROY_FROZEN_SOCKETS_VERSION;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.DeviceConfigUtils.TETHERING_MODULE_NAME;
 import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.ALLOW_SYSUI_CONNECTIVITY_REPORTS;
 import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.KEY_DESTROY_FROZEN_SOCKETS_VERSION;
@@ -178,6 +178,7 @@
 import static com.android.server.NetworkAgentWrapper.CallbackType.OnQosCallbackRegister;
 import static com.android.server.NetworkAgentWrapper.CallbackType.OnQosCallbackUnregister;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityFlags.BACKGROUND_FIREWALL_CHAIN;
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityFlags.DELAY_DESTROY_SOCKETS;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityFlags.INGRESS_TO_VPN_ADDRESS_FILTERING;
 import static com.android.testutils.Cleanup.testAndCleanup;
 import static com.android.testutils.ConcurrentUtils.await;
@@ -1746,7 +1747,15 @@
 
     private void setBlockedReasonChanged(int blockedReasons) {
         mBlockedReasons = blockedReasons;
-        mPolicyCallback.onUidBlockedReasonChanged(Process.myUid(), blockedReasons);
+        if (mDeps.isAtLeastV()) {
+            visibleOnHandlerThread(mCsHandlerThread.getThreadHandler(),
+                    () -> mService.handleBlockedReasonsChanged(
+                            List.of(new Pair<>(Process.myUid(), blockedReasons))
+
+                    ));
+        } else {
+            mPolicyCallback.onUidBlockedReasonChanged(Process.myUid(), blockedReasons);
+        }
     }
 
     private Nat464Xlat getNat464Xlat(NetworkAgentWrapper mna) {
@@ -1927,11 +1936,16 @@
         mService.mLingerDelayMs = TEST_LINGER_DELAY_MS;
         mService.mNascentDelayMs = TEST_NASCENT_DELAY_MS;
 
-        final ArgumentCaptor<NetworkPolicyCallback> policyCallbackCaptor =
-                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NetworkPolicyCallback.class);
-        verify(mNetworkPolicyManager).registerNetworkPolicyCallback(any(),
-                policyCallbackCaptor.capture());
-        mPolicyCallback = policyCallbackCaptor.getValue();
+        if (mDeps.isAtLeastV()) {
+            verify(mNetworkPolicyManager, never()).registerNetworkPolicyCallback(any(), any());
+            mPolicyCallback = null;
+        } else {
+            final ArgumentCaptor<NetworkPolicyCallback> policyCallbackCaptor =
+                    ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NetworkPolicyCallback.class);
+            verify(mNetworkPolicyManager).registerNetworkPolicyCallback(any(),
+                    policyCallbackCaptor.capture());
+            mPolicyCallback = policyCallbackCaptor.getValue();
+        }
 
         // Create local CM before sending system ready so that we can answer
         // getSystemService() correctly.
@@ -2169,8 +2183,6 @@
                     return true;
                 case KEY_DESTROY_FROZEN_SOCKETS_VERSION:
                     return true;
-                case DELAY_DESTROY_FROZEN_SOCKETS_VERSION:
-                    return true;
                 default:
                     return super.isFeatureEnabled(context, name);
             }
@@ -2187,6 +2199,8 @@
                     return true;
                 case BACKGROUND_FIREWALL_CHAIN:
                     return true;
+                case DELAY_DESTROY_SOCKETS:
+                    return true;
                 default:
                     return super.isFeatureNotChickenedOut(context, name);
             }
@@ -7527,13 +7541,13 @@
     @Test
     public void testNetworkCallbackMaximum() throws Exception {
         final int MAX_REQUESTS = 100;
-        final int CALLBACKS = 87;
+        final int CALLBACKS = 88;
         final int DIFF_INTENTS = 10;
         final int SAME_INTENTS = 10;
         final int SYSTEM_ONLY_MAX_REQUESTS = 250;
-        // Assert 1 (Default request filed before testing) + CALLBACKS + DIFF_INTENTS +
-        // 1 (same intent) = MAX_REQUESTS - 1, since the capacity is MAX_REQUEST - 1.
-        assertEquals(MAX_REQUESTS - 1, 1 + CALLBACKS + DIFF_INTENTS + 1);
+        // CALLBACKS + DIFF_INTENTS + 1 (same intent)
+        // = MAX_REQUESTS - 1, since the capacity is MAX_REQUEST - 1.
+        assertEquals(MAX_REQUESTS - 1, CALLBACKS + DIFF_INTENTS + 1);
 
         NetworkRequest networkRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder().build();
         ArrayList<Object> registered = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -9867,6 +9881,28 @@
         assertNetworkInfo(TYPE_MOBILE, DetailedState.CONNECTED);
         assertExtraInfoFromCmPresent(mCellAgent);
 
+        // Remove PERMISSION_INTERNET and disable NETWORK_BLOCKED_WITHOUT_INTERNET_PERMISSION
+        doReturn(INetd.PERMISSION_NONE).when(mBpfNetMaps).getNetPermForUid(Process.myUid());
+        mDeps.setChangeIdEnabled(false,
+                NETWORK_BLOCKED_WITHOUT_INTERNET_PERMISSION, Process.myUid());
+
+        setBlockedReasonChanged(BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE);
+        if (mDeps.isAtLeastV()) {
+            // On V+, network access from app that does not have INTERNET permission is considered
+            // not blocked if NETWORK_BLOCKED_WITHOUT_INTERNET_PERMISSION is disabled.
+            // So blocked status does not change from BLOCKED_REASON_NONE
+            cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+            detailedCallback.assertNoCallback();
+        } else {
+            // On U-, onBlockedStatusChanged callback is called with blocked reasons CS receives
+            // from NPMS callback regardless of permission app has.
+            // Note that this cannot actually happen because on U-, NPMS will never notify any
+            // blocked reasons for apps that don't have the INTERNET permission.
+            cellNetworkCallback.expect(BLOCKED_STATUS, mCellAgent, cb -> cb.getBlocked());
+            detailedCallback.expect(BLOCKED_STATUS_INT, mCellAgent,
+                    cb -> cb.getReason() == BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE);
+        }
+
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cellNetworkCallback);
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSBlockedReasonsTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSBlockedReasonsTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0590fbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSBlockedReasonsTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server
+
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_DATA_SAVER
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_NONE
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY
+import android.net.ConnectivitySettingsManager
+import android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_NONE
+import android.net.Network
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_SUSPENDED
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI
+import android.net.NetworkRequest
+import android.net.connectivity.ConnectivityCompatChanges.NETWORK_BLOCKED_WITHOUT_INTERNET_PERMISSION
+import android.os.Build
+import android.os.Process
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
+import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback.CallbackEntry.BlockedStatusInt
+import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallback
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyBoolean
+import org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn
+
+private fun cellNc() = NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
+        .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
+        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_SUSPENDED)
+        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED)
+        .build()
+private fun cellRequest() = NetworkRequest.Builder()
+        .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
+        .build()
+private fun wifiNc() = NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
+        .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED)
+        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED)
+        .build()
+private fun wifiRequest() = NetworkRequest.Builder()
+        .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+        .build()
+
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
+@IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
+class CSBlockedReasonsTest : CSTest() {
+
+    inner class DetailedBlockedStatusCallback : TestableNetworkCallback() {
+        override fun onBlockedStatusChanged(network: Network, blockedReasons: Int) {
+            history.add(BlockedStatusInt(network, blockedReasons))
+        }
+
+        fun expectBlockedStatusChanged(network: Network, blockedReasons: Int) {
+            expect<BlockedStatusInt>(network) { it.reason == blockedReasons }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBlockedReasons_onAvailable() {
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE or BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_DATA_SAVER)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+
+        val cellAgent = Agent(nc = cellNc())
+        cellAgent.connect()
+        val wifiAgent = Agent(nc = wifiNc())
+        wifiAgent.connect()
+
+        val cellCb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        val wifiCb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        cm.requestNetwork(cellRequest(), cellCb)
+        cm.requestNetwork(wifiRequest(), wifiCb)
+
+        cellCb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                cellAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE or BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_DATA_SAVER
+        )
+        wifiCb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE
+        )
+
+        cellAgent.disconnect()
+        wifiAgent.disconnect()
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cellCb)
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(wifiCb)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBlockedReasons_dataSaverChanged() {
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND or BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_DATA_SAVER)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+        doReturn(true).`when`(netd).bandwidthEnableDataSaver(anyBoolean())
+
+        val cellCb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        val wifiCb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        cm.requestNetwork(cellRequest(), cellCb)
+        cm.requestNetwork(wifiRequest(), wifiCb)
+
+        val cellAgent = Agent(nc = cellNc())
+        cellAgent.connect()
+        val wifiAgent = Agent(nc = wifiNc())
+        wifiAgent.connect()
+        cellCb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                cellAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND or BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_DATA_SAVER
+        )
+        wifiCb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND
+        )
+
+        // Disable data saver
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+        cm.setDataSaverEnabled(false)
+        cellCb.expectBlockedStatusChanged(cellAgent.network, BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND)
+
+        // waitForIdle since stubbing bpfNetMaps while CS handler thread calls
+        // bpfNetMaps.getNetPermForUid throws exception.
+        // The expectBlockedStatusChanged just above guarantees that the onBlockedStatusChanged
+        // method on this callback was called, but it does not guarantee that ConnectivityService
+        // has finished processing all onBlockedStatusChanged callbacks for all requests.
+        waitForIdle()
+        // Enable data saver
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND or BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_DATA_SAVER)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+        cm.setDataSaverEnabled(true)
+        cellCb.expectBlockedStatusChanged(
+                cellAgent.network,
+                BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND or BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_DATA_SAVER
+        )
+        // BlockedStatus does not change for the non-metered network
+        wifiCb.assertNoCallback()
+
+        cellAgent.disconnect()
+        wifiAgent.disconnect()
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cellCb)
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(wifiCb)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBlockedReasons_setUidFirewallRule() {
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE or BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+
+        val cellCb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        val wifiCb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        cm.requestNetwork(cellRequest(), cellCb)
+        cm.requestNetwork(wifiRequest(), wifiCb)
+
+        val cellAgent = Agent(nc = cellNc())
+        cellAgent.connect()
+        val wifiAgent = Agent(nc = wifiNc())
+        wifiAgent.connect()
+        cellCb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                cellAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE or BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED
+        )
+        wifiCb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE
+        )
+
+        // waitForIdle since stubbing bpfNetMaps while CS handler thread calls
+        // bpfNetMaps.getNetPermForUid throws exception.
+        // The expectBlockedStatusChanged just above guarantees that the onBlockedStatusChanged
+        // method on this callback was called, but it does not guarantee that ConnectivityService
+        // has finished processing all onBlockedStatusChanged callbacks for all requests.
+        waitForIdle()
+        // Set RULE_ALLOW on metered deny chain
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+        cm.setUidFirewallRule(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER,
+                Process.myUid(),
+                FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW
+        )
+        cellCb.expectBlockedStatusChanged(
+                cellAgent.network,
+                BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE
+        )
+        // BlockedStatus does not change for the non-metered network
+        wifiCb.assertNoCallback()
+
+        // Set RULE_DENY on metered deny chain
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE or BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+        cm.setUidFirewallRule(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER,
+                Process.myUid(),
+                FIREWALL_RULE_DENY
+        )
+        cellCb.expectBlockedStatusChanged(
+                cellAgent.network,
+                BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE or BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED
+        )
+        // BlockedStatus does not change for the non-metered network
+        wifiCb.assertNoCallback()
+
+        cellAgent.disconnect()
+        wifiAgent.disconnect()
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cellCb)
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(wifiCb)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBlockedReasons_setFirewallChainEnabled() {
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_NONE)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+
+        val wifiCb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        cm.requestNetwork(wifiRequest(), wifiCb)
+        val wifiAgent = Agent(nc = wifiNc())
+        wifiAgent.connect()
+        wifiCb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = BLOCKED_REASON_NONE
+        )
+
+        // Enable dozable firewall chain
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, true)
+        wifiCb.expectBlockedStatusChanged(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                BLOCKED_REASON_DOZE
+        )
+
+        // Disable dozable firewall chain
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_NONE)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, false)
+        wifiCb.expectBlockedStatusChanged(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                BLOCKED_REASON_NONE
+        )
+
+        wifiAgent.disconnect()
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(wifiCb)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBlockedReasons_replaceFirewallChain() {
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+
+        val wifiCb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        cm.requestNetwork(wifiRequest(), wifiCb)
+        val wifiAgent = Agent(nc = wifiNc())
+        wifiAgent.connect()
+        wifiCb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND
+        )
+
+        // Put uid on background firewall chain
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_NONE)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+        cm.replaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, intArrayOf(Process.myUid()))
+        wifiCb.expectBlockedStatusChanged(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                BLOCKED_REASON_NONE
+        )
+
+        // Remove uid from background firewall chain
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+        cm.replaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, intArrayOf())
+        wifiCb.expectBlockedStatusChanged(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND
+        )
+
+        wifiAgent.disconnect()
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(wifiCb)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBlockedReasons_perAppDefaultNetwork() {
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+
+        val cellCb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        val wifiCb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        cm.requestNetwork(cellRequest(), cellCb)
+        cm.requestNetwork(wifiRequest(), wifiCb)
+
+        val cellAgent = Agent(nc = cellNc())
+        cellAgent.connect()
+        val wifiAgent = Agent(nc = wifiNc())
+        wifiAgent.connect()
+
+        val cb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        cm.registerDefaultNetworkCallback(cb)
+        cb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = BLOCKED_REASON_NONE
+        )
+
+        // CS must send correct blocked reasons after per app default network change
+        ConnectivitySettingsManager.setMobileDataPreferredUids(context, setOf(Process.myUid()))
+        service.updateMobileDataPreferredUids()
+        cb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                cellAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED
+        )
+
+        // Remove per app default network request
+        ConnectivitySettingsManager.setMobileDataPreferredUids(context, setOf())
+        service.updateMobileDataPreferredUids()
+        cb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = BLOCKED_REASON_NONE
+        )
+
+        cellAgent.disconnect()
+        wifiAgent.disconnect()
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cellCb)
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(wifiCb)
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cb)
+    }
+
+    private fun doTestBlockedReasonsNoInternetPermission(blockedByNoInternetPermission: Boolean) {
+        doReturn(PERMISSION_NONE).`when`(bpfNetMaps).getNetPermForUid(Process.myUid())
+
+        val wifiCb = DetailedBlockedStatusCallback()
+        cm.requestNetwork(wifiRequest(), wifiCb)
+        val wifiAgent = Agent(nc = wifiNc())
+        wifiAgent.connect()
+        val expectedBlockedReason = if (blockedByNoInternetPermission) {
+            BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED
+        } else {
+            BLOCKED_REASON_NONE
+        }
+        wifiCb.expectAvailableCallbacks(
+                wifiAgent.network,
+                validated = false,
+                blockedReason = expectedBlockedReason
+        )
+
+        // Enable background firewall chain
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, true)
+        if (blockedByNoInternetPermission) {
+            wifiCb.expectBlockedStatusChanged(
+                    wifiAgent.network,
+                    BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED or BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND
+            )
+        }
+
+        // Disable background firewall chain
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_NONE)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(Process.myUid())
+        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, false)
+        if (blockedByNoInternetPermission) {
+            wifiCb.expectBlockedStatusChanged(
+                    wifiAgent.network,
+                    BLOCKED_REASON_NETWORK_RESTRICTED
+            )
+        } else {
+            // No callback is expected since blocked reasons does not change from
+            // BLOCKED_REASON_NONE.
+            wifiCb.assertNoCallback()
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBlockedReasonsNoInternetPermission_changeDisabled() {
+        deps.setChangeIdEnabled(false, NETWORK_BLOCKED_WITHOUT_INTERNET_PERMISSION)
+        doTestBlockedReasonsNoInternetPermission(blockedByNoInternetPermission = false)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBlockedReasonsNoInternetPermission_changeEnabled() {
+        deps.setChangeIdEnabled(true, NETWORK_BLOCKED_WITHOUT_INTERNET_PERMISSION)
+        doTestBlockedReasonsNoInternetPermission(blockedByNoInternetPermission = true)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSDestroySocketTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSDestroySocketTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc5be78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSDestroySocketTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,338 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server
+
+import android.app.ActivityManager.UidFrozenStateChangedCallback
+import android.app.ActivityManager.UidFrozenStateChangedCallback.UID_FROZEN_STATE_FROZEN
+import android.app.ActivityManager.UidFrozenStateChangedCallback.UID_FROZEN_STATE_UNFROZEN
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.BLOCKED_REASON_NONE
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY
+import android.net.LinkProperties
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities
+import android.os.Build
+import com.android.net.module.util.BaseNetdUnsolicitedEventListener
+import com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityFlags.DELAY_DESTROY_SOCKETS
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor
+import org.mockito.Mockito.any
+import org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn
+import org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder
+import org.mockito.Mockito.never
+import org.mockito.Mockito.verify
+
+private const val TIMESTAMP = 1234L
+private const val TEST_UID = 1234
+private const val TEST_UID2 = 5678
+private const val TEST_CELL_IFACE = "test_rmnet"
+
+private fun cellNc() = NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
+        .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
+        .addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+        .addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_SUSPENDED)
+        .addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED)
+        .build()
+
+private fun cellLp() = LinkProperties().also{
+    it.interfaceName = TEST_CELL_IFACE
+}
+
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
+class CSDestroySocketTest : CSTest() {
+    private fun getRegisteredNetdUnsolicitedEventListener(): BaseNetdUnsolicitedEventListener {
+        val captor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(BaseNetdUnsolicitedEventListener::class.java)
+        verify(netd).registerUnsolicitedEventListener(captor.capture())
+        return captor.value
+    }
+
+    private fun getUidFrozenStateChangedCallback(): UidFrozenStateChangedCallback {
+        val captor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(UidFrozenStateChangedCallback::class.java)
+        verify(activityManager).registerUidFrozenStateChangedCallback(any(), captor.capture())
+        return captor.value
+    }
+
+    private fun doTestBackgroundRestrictionDestroySockets(
+            restrictionWithIdleNetwork: Boolean,
+            expectDelay: Boolean
+    ) {
+        val netdEventListener = getRegisteredNetdUnsolicitedEventListener()
+        val inOrder = inOrder(destroySocketsWrapper)
+
+        val cellAgent = Agent(nc = cellNc(), lp = cellLp())
+        cellAgent.connect()
+        if (restrictionWithIdleNetwork) {
+            // Make cell default network idle
+            netdEventListener.onInterfaceClassActivityChanged(
+                    false, // isActive
+                    cellAgent.network.netId,
+                    TIMESTAMP,
+                    TEST_UID
+            )
+        }
+
+        // Set deny rule on background chain for TEST_UID
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(TEST_UID)
+        cm.setUidFirewallRule(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND,
+                TEST_UID,
+                FIREWALL_RULE_DENY
+        )
+        waitForIdle()
+        if (expectDelay) {
+            inOrder.verify(destroySocketsWrapper, never())
+                    .destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(setOf(TEST_UID))
+        } else {
+            inOrder.verify(destroySocketsWrapper)
+                    .destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(setOf(TEST_UID))
+        }
+
+        netdEventListener.onInterfaceClassActivityChanged(
+                true, // isActive
+                cellAgent.network.netId,
+                TIMESTAMP,
+                TEST_UID
+        )
+        waitForIdle()
+        if (expectDelay) {
+            inOrder.verify(destroySocketsWrapper)
+                    .destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(setOf(TEST_UID))
+        } else {
+            inOrder.verify(destroySocketsWrapper, never())
+                    .destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(setOf(TEST_UID))
+        }
+
+        cellAgent.disconnect()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @FeatureFlags(flags = [Flag(DELAY_DESTROY_SOCKETS, true)])
+    fun testBackgroundAppDestroySockets() {
+        doTestBackgroundRestrictionDestroySockets(
+                restrictionWithIdleNetwork = true,
+                expectDelay = true
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @FeatureFlags(flags = [Flag(DELAY_DESTROY_SOCKETS, true)])
+    fun testBackgroundAppDestroySockets_activeNetwork() {
+        doTestBackgroundRestrictionDestroySockets(
+                restrictionWithIdleNetwork = false,
+                expectDelay = false
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @FeatureFlags(flags = [Flag(DELAY_DESTROY_SOCKETS, false)])
+    fun testBackgroundAppDestroySockets_featureIsDisabled() {
+        doTestBackgroundRestrictionDestroySockets(
+                restrictionWithIdleNetwork = true,
+                expectDelay = false
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testReplaceFirewallChain() {
+        val netdEventListener = getRegisteredNetdUnsolicitedEventListener()
+        val inOrder = inOrder(destroySocketsWrapper)
+
+        val cellAgent = Agent(nc = cellNc(), lp = cellLp())
+        cellAgent.connect()
+        // Make cell default network idle
+        netdEventListener.onInterfaceClassActivityChanged(
+                false, // isActive
+                cellAgent.network.netId,
+                TIMESTAMP,
+                TEST_UID
+        )
+
+        // Set allow rule on background chain for TEST_UID
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_NONE)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(TEST_UID)
+        cm.setUidFirewallRule(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND,
+                TEST_UID,
+                FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW
+        )
+        // Set deny rule on background chain for TEST_UID
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(TEST_UID2)
+        cm.setUidFirewallRule(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND,
+                TEST_UID2,
+                FIREWALL_RULE_DENY
+        )
+
+        // Put only TEST_UID2 on background chain (deny TEST_UID and allow TEST_UID2)
+        doReturn(setOf(TEST_UID))
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidsWithAllowRuleOnAllowListChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND)
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(TEST_UID)
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_NONE)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(TEST_UID2)
+        cm.replaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, intArrayOf(TEST_UID2))
+        waitForIdle()
+        inOrder.verify(destroySocketsWrapper, never())
+                .destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(setOf(TEST_UID))
+
+        netdEventListener.onInterfaceClassActivityChanged(
+                true, // isActive
+                cellAgent.network.netId,
+                TIMESTAMP,
+                TEST_UID
+        )
+        waitForIdle()
+        inOrder.verify(destroySocketsWrapper)
+                .destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(setOf(TEST_UID))
+
+        cellAgent.disconnect()
+    }
+
+    private fun doTestDestroySockets(
+            isFrozen: Boolean,
+            denyOnBackgroundChain: Boolean,
+            enableBackgroundChain: Boolean,
+            expectDestroySockets: Boolean
+    ) {
+        val netdEventListener = getRegisteredNetdUnsolicitedEventListener()
+        val frozenStateCallback = getUidFrozenStateChangedCallback()
+
+        // Make cell default network idle
+        val cellAgent = Agent(nc = cellNc(), lp = cellLp())
+        cellAgent.connect()
+        netdEventListener.onInterfaceClassActivityChanged(
+                false, // isActive
+                cellAgent.network.netId,
+                TIMESTAMP,
+                TEST_UID
+        )
+
+        // Set deny rule on background chain for TEST_UID
+        doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_APP_BACKGROUND)
+                .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(TEST_UID)
+        cm.setUidFirewallRule(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND,
+                TEST_UID,
+                FIREWALL_RULE_DENY
+        )
+
+        // Freeze TEST_UID
+        frozenStateCallback.onUidFrozenStateChanged(
+                intArrayOf(TEST_UID),
+                intArrayOf(UID_FROZEN_STATE_FROZEN)
+        )
+
+        if (!isFrozen) {
+            // Unfreeze TEST_UID
+            frozenStateCallback.onUidFrozenStateChanged(
+                    intArrayOf(TEST_UID),
+                    intArrayOf(UID_FROZEN_STATE_UNFROZEN)
+            )
+        }
+        if (!enableBackgroundChain) {
+            // Disable background chain
+            cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, false)
+        }
+        if (!denyOnBackgroundChain) {
+            // Set allow rule on background chain for TEST_UID
+            doReturn(BLOCKED_REASON_NONE)
+                    .`when`(bpfNetMaps).getUidNetworkingBlockedReasons(TEST_UID)
+            cm.setUidFirewallRule(
+                    FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND,
+                    TEST_UID,
+                    FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW
+            )
+        }
+        verify(destroySocketsWrapper, never()).destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(setOf(TEST_UID))
+
+        // Make cell network active
+        netdEventListener.onInterfaceClassActivityChanged(
+                true, // isActive
+                cellAgent.network.netId,
+                TIMESTAMP,
+                TEST_UID
+        )
+        waitForIdle()
+
+        if (expectDestroySockets) {
+            verify(destroySocketsWrapper).destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(setOf(TEST_UID))
+        } else {
+            verify(destroySocketsWrapper, never()).destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(setOf(TEST_UID))
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testDestroySockets_backgroundDeny_frozen() {
+        doTestDestroySockets(
+                isFrozen = true,
+                denyOnBackgroundChain = true,
+                enableBackgroundChain = true,
+                expectDestroySockets = true
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testDestroySockets_backgroundDeny_nonFrozen() {
+        doTestDestroySockets(
+                isFrozen = false,
+                denyOnBackgroundChain = true,
+                enableBackgroundChain = true,
+                expectDestroySockets = true
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testDestroySockets_backgroundAllow_frozen() {
+        doTestDestroySockets(
+                isFrozen = true,
+                denyOnBackgroundChain = false,
+                enableBackgroundChain = true,
+                expectDestroySockets = true
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testDestroySockets_backgroundAllow_nonFrozen() {
+        // If the app is neither frozen nor under background restriction, sockets are not
+        // destroyed
+        doTestDestroySockets(
+                isFrozen = false,
+                denyOnBackgroundChain = false,
+                enableBackgroundChain = true,
+                expectDestroySockets = false
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testDestroySockets_backgroundChainDisabled_nonFrozen() {
+        // If the app is neither frozen nor under background restriction, sockets are not
+        // destroyed
+        doTestDestroySockets(
+                isFrozen = false,
+                denyOnBackgroundChain = true,
+                enableBackgroundChain = false,
+                expectDestroySockets = false
+        )
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSIngressDiscardRuleTests.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSIngressDiscardRuleTests.kt
index bb7fb51..93f6e81 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSIngressDiscardRuleTests.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSIngressDiscardRuleTests.kt
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallback
 import org.junit.Test
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.mockito.InOrder
 import org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder
 import org.mockito.Mockito.never
 import org.mockito.Mockito.timeout
@@ -96,6 +97,11 @@
     private val LOCAL_IPV6_ADDRRESS = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("fe80::1234")
     private val LOCAL_IPV6_LINK_ADDRRESS = LinkAddress(LOCAL_IPV6_ADDRRESS, 64)
 
+    fun verifyNoMoreIngressDiscardRuleChange(inorder: InOrder) {
+        inorder.verify(bpfNetMaps, never()).setIngressDiscardRule(any(), any())
+        inorder.verify(bpfNetMaps, never()).removeIngressDiscardRule(any())
+    }
+
     @Test
     fun testVpnIngressDiscardRule_UpdateVpnAddress() {
         // non-VPN network whose address will be not duplicated with VPN address
@@ -148,7 +154,7 @@
 
         // IngressDiscardRule is added to the VPN address
         inorder.verify(bpfNetMaps).setIngressDiscardRule(IPV6_ADDRESS, VPN_IFNAME)
-        inorder.verifyNoMoreInteractions()
+        verifyNoMoreIngressDiscardRuleChange(inorder)
 
         // The VPN interface name is changed
         val newlp = lp(VPN_IFNAME2, IPV6_LINK_ADDRESS, LOCAL_IPV6_LINK_ADDRRESS)
@@ -157,7 +163,7 @@
 
         // IngressDiscardRule is updated with the new interface name
         inorder.verify(bpfNetMaps).setIngressDiscardRule(IPV6_ADDRESS, VPN_IFNAME2)
-        inorder.verifyNoMoreInteractions()
+        verifyNoMoreIngressDiscardRuleChange(inorder)
 
         agent.disconnect()
         inorder.verify(bpfNetMaps, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS)).removeIngressDiscardRule(IPV6_ADDRESS)
@@ -206,10 +212,10 @@
         // IngressDiscardRule for IPV6_ADDRESS2 is removed but IngressDiscardRule for
         // IPV6_LINK_ADDRESS is not added since Wi-Fi also uses IPV6_LINK_ADDRESS
         inorder.verify(bpfNetMaps).removeIngressDiscardRule(IPV6_ADDRESS2)
-        inorder.verifyNoMoreInteractions()
+        verifyNoMoreIngressDiscardRuleChange(inorder)
 
         vpnAgent.disconnect()
-        inorder.verifyNoMoreInteractions()
+        verifyNoMoreIngressDiscardRuleChange(inorder)
 
         cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cb)
     }
@@ -225,7 +231,7 @@
 
         // IngressDiscardRule is added to the VPN address
         inorder.verify(bpfNetMaps).setIngressDiscardRule(IPV6_ADDRESS, VPN_IFNAME)
-        inorder.verifyNoMoreInteractions()
+        verifyNoMoreIngressDiscardRuleChange(inorder)
 
         val nr = nr(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
         val cb = TestableNetworkCallback()
@@ -247,7 +253,7 @@
         // IngressDiscardRule is added to the VPN address since the VPN address is not duplicated
         // with the Wi-Fi address
         inorder.verify(bpfNetMaps).setIngressDiscardRule(IPV6_ADDRESS, VPN_IFNAME)
-        inorder.verifyNoMoreInteractions()
+        verifyNoMoreIngressDiscardRuleChange(inorder)
 
         // The Wi-Fi address is changed back to the same address as the VPN interface
         wifiAgent.sendLinkProperties(wifiLp)
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/base/CSTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/base/CSTest.kt
index 3b06ad0..47a6763 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/base/CSTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/base/CSTest.kt
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 import android.content.res.Resources
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager
 import android.net.INetd
+import android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_INTERNET
 import android.net.InetAddresses
 import android.net.LinkProperties
 import android.net.LocalNetworkConfig
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@
 import org.junit.Rule
 import org.junit.rules.TestName
 import org.mockito.AdditionalAnswers.delegatesTo
+import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt
 import org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer
 import org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn
 import org.mockito.Mockito.mock
@@ -157,11 +159,11 @@
         it[ConnectivityFlags.NO_REMATCH_ALL_REQUESTS_ON_REGISTER] = true
         it[ConnectivityFlags.REQUEST_RESTRICTED_WIFI] = true
         it[ConnectivityService.KEY_DESTROY_FROZEN_SOCKETS_VERSION] = true
-        it[ConnectivityService.DELAY_DESTROY_FROZEN_SOCKETS_VERSION] = true
         it[ConnectivityService.ALLOW_SYSUI_CONNECTIVITY_REPORTS] = true
         it[ConnectivityService.ALLOW_SATALLITE_NETWORK_FALLBACK] = true
         it[ConnectivityFlags.INGRESS_TO_VPN_ADDRESS_FILTERING] = true
         it[ConnectivityFlags.BACKGROUND_FIREWALL_CHAIN] = true
+        it[ConnectivityFlags.DELAY_DESTROY_SOCKETS] = true
     }
     fun setFeatureEnabled(flag: String, enabled: Boolean) = enabledFeatures.set(flag, enabled)
 
@@ -171,7 +173,11 @@
     val contentResolver = makeMockContentResolver(context)
 
     val PRIMARY_USER = 0
-    val PRIMARY_USER_INFO = UserInfo(PRIMARY_USER, "" /* name */, UserInfo.FLAG_PRIMARY)
+    val PRIMARY_USER_INFO = UserInfo(
+            PRIMARY_USER,
+            "", // name
+            UserInfo.FLAG_PRIMARY
+    )
     val PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE = UserHandle(PRIMARY_USER)
     val userManager = makeMockUserManager(PRIMARY_USER_INFO, PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE)
     val activityManager = makeActivityManager()
@@ -183,10 +189,16 @@
     val connResources = makeMockConnResources(sysResources, packageManager)
 
     val netd = mock<INetd>()
-    val bpfNetMaps = mock<BpfNetMaps>()
+    val bpfNetMaps = mock<BpfNetMaps>().also {
+        doReturn(PERMISSION_INTERNET).`when`(it).getNetPermForUid(anyInt())
+    }
     val clatCoordinator = mock<ClatCoordinator>()
     val networkRequestStateStatsMetrics = mock<NetworkRequestStateStatsMetrics>()
-    val proxyTracker = ProxyTracker(context, mock<Handler>(), 16 /* EVENT_PROXY_HAS_CHANGED */)
+    val proxyTracker = ProxyTracker(
+            context,
+            mock<Handler>(),
+            16 // EVENT_PROXY_HAS_CHANGED
+    )
     val systemConfigManager = makeMockSystemConfigManager()
     val batteryStats = mock<IBatteryStats>()
     val batteryManager = BatteryStatsManager(batteryStats)
@@ -198,6 +210,7 @@
 
     val multicastRoutingCoordinatorService = mock<MulticastRoutingCoordinatorService>()
     val satelliteAccessController = mock<SatelliteAccessController>()
+    val destroySocketsWrapper = mock<DestroySocketsWrapper>()
 
     val deps = CSDeps()
 
@@ -251,6 +264,11 @@
         alarmHandlerThread.join()
     }
 
+    // Class to be mocked and used to verify destroy sockets methods call
+    open inner class DestroySocketsWrapper {
+        open fun destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(ownerUids: Set<Int>) {}
+    }
+
     inner class CSDeps : ConnectivityService.Dependencies() {
         override fun getResources(ctx: Context) = connResources
         override fun getBpfNetMaps(context: Context, netd: INetd) = this@CSTest.bpfNetMaps
@@ -356,6 +374,11 @@
 
         override fun getCallingUid() =
                 if (callingUid == CALLING_UID_UNMOCKED) super.getCallingUid() else callingUid
+
+        override fun destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(ownerUids: Set<Int>) {
+            // Call mocked destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids so that test can verify this method call
+            destroySocketsWrapper.destroyLiveTcpSocketsByOwnerUids(ownerUids)
+        }
     }
 
     inner class CSContext(base: Context) : BroadcastInterceptingContext(base) {
diff --git a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerService.java b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerService.java
index 0c200fd..af9abdf 100644
--- a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerService.java
+++ b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerService.java
@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.Looper;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.os.UserManager;
 import android.provider.Settings;
 import android.util.Log;
@@ -131,6 +132,8 @@
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.time.Clock;
+import java.time.DateTimeException;
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -465,6 +468,7 @@
 
     private void setEnabledInternal(
             boolean isEnabled, boolean persist, @NonNull OperationReceiverWrapper receiver) {
+        checkOnHandlerThread();
         if (isEnabled && isThreadUserRestricted()) {
             receiver.onError(
                     ERROR_FAILED_PRECONDITION,
@@ -619,7 +623,10 @@
 
         return !mForceStopOtDaemonEnabled
                 && !mUserRestricted
-                && (!mAirplaneModeOn || enabledInAirplaneMode)
+                // FIXME(b/340744397): Note that here we need to call `isAirplaneModeOn()` to get
+                // the latest state of airplane mode but can't use `mIsAirplaneMode`. This is for
+                // avoiding the race conditions described in b/340744397
+                && (!isAirplaneModeOn() || enabledInAirplaneMode)
                 && mPersistentSettings.get(ThreadPersistentSettings.THREAD_ENABLED);
     }
 
@@ -820,7 +827,6 @@
                                 networkName,
                                 supportedChannelMask,
                                 preferredChannelMask,
-                                Instant.now(),
                                 new Random(),
                                 new SecureRandom());
 
@@ -838,9 +844,18 @@
             String networkName,
             int supportedChannelMask,
             int preferredChannelMask,
-            Instant now,
             Random random,
             SecureRandom secureRandom) {
+        boolean authoritative = false;
+        Instant now = Instant.now();
+        try {
+            Clock clock = SystemClock.currentNetworkTimeClock();
+            now = clock.instant();
+            authoritative = true;
+        } catch (DateTimeException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Failed to get authoritative time", e);
+        }
+
         int panId = random.nextInt(/* bound= */ 0xffff);
         final byte[] meshLocalPrefix = newRandomBytes(random, LENGTH_MESH_LOCAL_PREFIX_BITS / 8);
         meshLocalPrefix[0] = MESH_LOCAL_PREFIX_FIRST_BYTE;
@@ -854,7 +869,7 @@
         return new ActiveOperationalDataset.Builder()
                 .setActiveTimestamp(
                         new OperationalDatasetTimestamp(
-                                now.getEpochSecond() & 0xffffffffffffL, 0, false))
+                                now.getEpochSecond() & 0xffffffffffffL, 0, authoritative))
                 .setExtendedPanId(newRandomBytes(random, LENGTH_EXTENDED_PAN_ID))
                 .setPanId(panId)
                 .setNetworkName(networkName)
@@ -960,7 +975,11 @@
 
     private void checkOnHandlerThread() {
         if (Looper.myLooper() != mHandler.getLooper()) {
-            Log.wtf(TAG, "Must be on the handler thread!");
+            throw new IllegalStateException(
+                    "Not running on ThreadNetworkControllerService thread ("
+                            + mHandler.getLooper()
+                            + ") : "
+                            + Looper.myLooper());
         }
     }
 
@@ -1058,7 +1077,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void leave(@NonNull IOperationReceiver receiver) throws RemoteException {
+    public void leave(@NonNull IOperationReceiver receiver) {
         enforceAllPermissionsGranted(PERMISSION_THREAD_NETWORK_PRIVILEGED);
 
         mHandler.post(() -> leaveInternal(new OperationReceiverWrapper(receiver)));
@@ -1368,14 +1387,6 @@
             }
         }
 
-        private void notifyThreadEnabledUpdated(IStateCallback callback, int enabledState) {
-            try {
-                callback.onThreadEnableStateChanged(enabledState);
-            } catch (RemoteException ignored) {
-                // do nothing if the client is dead
-            }
-        }
-
         public void unregisterStateCallback(IStateCallback callback) {
             checkOnHandlerThread();
             if (!mStateCallbacks.containsKey(callback)) {
@@ -1442,15 +1453,19 @@
             }
         }
 
-        @Override
-        public void onThreadEnabledChanged(int state) {
-            mHandler.post(() -> onThreadEnabledChangedInternal(state));
-        }
-
-        private void onThreadEnabledChangedInternal(int state) {
+        private void onThreadEnabledChanged(int state, long listenerId) {
             checkOnHandlerThread();
-            for (IStateCallback callback : mStateCallbacks.keySet()) {
-                notifyThreadEnabledUpdated(callback, otStateToAndroidState(state));
+            boolean stateChanged = (mState == null || mState.threadEnabled != state);
+
+            for (var callbackEntry : mStateCallbacks.entrySet()) {
+                if (!stateChanged && callbackEntry.getValue().id != listenerId) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                try {
+                    callbackEntry.getKey().onThreadEnableStateChanged(otStateToAndroidState(state));
+                } catch (RemoteException ignored) {
+                    // do nothing if the client is dead
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -1477,6 +1492,7 @@
             onInterfaceStateChanged(newState.isInterfaceUp);
             onDeviceRoleChanged(newState.deviceRole, listenerId);
             onPartitionIdChanged(newState.partitionId, listenerId);
+            onThreadEnabledChanged(newState.threadEnabled, listenerId);
             mState = newState;
 
             ActiveOperationalDataset newActiveDataset;
diff --git a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkService.java b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkService.java
index 30c67ca..4c22278 100644
--- a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkService.java
+++ b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkService.java
@@ -72,7 +72,10 @@
             // PHASE_ACTIVITY_MANAGER_READY and PHASE_THIRD_PARTY_APPS_CAN_START
             mCountryCode.initialize();
             mShellCommand =
-                    new ThreadNetworkShellCommand(requireNonNull(mControllerService), mCountryCode);
+                    new ThreadNetworkShellCommand(
+                            mContext,
+                            requireNonNull(mControllerService),
+                            requireNonNull(mCountryCode));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommand.java b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommand.java
index c6a1618..54155ee 100644
--- a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommand.java
+++ b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommand.java
@@ -16,50 +16,57 @@
 
 package com.android.server.thread;
 
-import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.net.thread.ActiveOperationalDataset;
 import android.net.thread.IOperationReceiver;
+import android.net.thread.OperationalDatasetTimestamp;
+import android.net.thread.PendingOperationalDataset;
 import android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkException;
-import android.os.Binder;
-import android.os.Process;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.modules.utils.BasicShellCommandHandler;
+import com.android.net.module.util.HexDump;
 
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.time.Duration;
-import java.util.List;
+import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
 
 /**
- * Interprets and executes 'adb shell cmd thread_network [args]'.
+ * Interprets and executes 'adb shell cmd thread_network <subcommand>'.
+ *
+ * <p>Subcommands which don't have an equivalent Java API now require the
+ * "android.permission.THREAD_NETWORK_TESTING" permission. For a specific subcommand, it also
+ * requires the same permissions of the equivalent Java / AIDL API.
  *
  * <p>To add new commands: - onCommand: Add a case "<command>" execute. Return a 0 if command
  * executed successfully. - onHelp: add a description string.
- *
- * <p>Permissions: currently root permission is required for some commands. Others will enforce the
- * corresponding API permissions.
  */
-public class ThreadNetworkShellCommand extends BasicShellCommandHandler {
+public final class ThreadNetworkShellCommand extends BasicShellCommandHandler {
     private static final Duration SET_ENABLED_TIMEOUT = Duration.ofSeconds(2);
+    private static final Duration LEAVE_TIMEOUT = Duration.ofSeconds(2);
+    private static final Duration MIGRATE_TIMEOUT = Duration.ofSeconds(2);
     private static final Duration FORCE_STOP_TIMEOUT = Duration.ofSeconds(1);
+    private static final String PERMISSION_THREAD_NETWORK_TESTING =
+            "android.permission.THREAD_NETWORK_TESTING";
 
-    // These don't require root access.
-    private static final List<String> NON_PRIVILEGED_COMMANDS =
-            List.of("help", "get-country-code", "enable", "disable");
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final ThreadNetworkControllerService mControllerService;
+    private final ThreadNetworkCountryCode mCountryCode;
 
-    @NonNull private final ThreadNetworkControllerService mControllerService;
-    @NonNull private final ThreadNetworkCountryCode mCountryCode;
     @Nullable private PrintWriter mOutputWriter;
     @Nullable private PrintWriter mErrorWriter;
 
-    ThreadNetworkShellCommand(
-            @NonNull ThreadNetworkControllerService controllerService,
-            @NonNull ThreadNetworkCountryCode countryCode) {
+    public ThreadNetworkShellCommand(
+            Context context,
+            ThreadNetworkControllerService controllerService,
+            ThreadNetworkCountryCode countryCode) {
+        mContext = context;
         mControllerService = controllerService;
         mCountryCode = countryCode;
     }
@@ -79,79 +86,120 @@
     }
 
     @Override
+    public void onHelp() {
+        final PrintWriter pw = getOutputWriter();
+        pw.println("Thread network commands:");
+        pw.println("  help or -h");
+        pw.println("    Print this help text.");
+        pw.println("  enable");
+        pw.println("    Enables Thread radio");
+        pw.println("  disable");
+        pw.println("    Disables Thread radio");
+        pw.println("  join <active-dataset-tlvs>");
+        pw.println("    Joins a network of the given dataset");
+        pw.println("  migrate <active-dataset-tlvs> <delay-seconds>");
+        pw.println("    Migrate to the given network by a specific delay");
+        pw.println("  leave");
+        pw.println("    Leave the current network and erase datasets");
+        pw.println("  force-stop-ot-daemon enabled | disabled ");
+        pw.println("    force stop ot-daemon service");
+        pw.println("  get-country-code");
+        pw.println("    Gets country code as a two-letter string");
+        pw.println("  force-country-code enabled <two-letter code> | disabled ");
+        pw.println("    Sets country code to <two-letter code> or left for normal value");
+    }
+
+    @Override
     public int onCommand(String cmd) {
-        // Treat no command as help command.
+        // Treat no command as the "help" command
         if (TextUtils.isEmpty(cmd)) {
             cmd = "help";
         }
 
-        final PrintWriter pw = getOutputWriter();
-        final PrintWriter perr = getErrorWriter();
-
-        // Explicit exclusion from root permission
-        if (!NON_PRIVILEGED_COMMANDS.contains(cmd)) {
-            final int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
-
-            if (uid != Process.ROOT_UID) {
-                perr.println(
-                        "Uid "
-                                + uid
-                                + " does not have access to "
-                                + cmd
-                                + " thread command "
-                                + "(or such command doesn't exist)");
-                return -1;
-            }
-        }
-
         switch (cmd) {
             case "enable":
                 return setThreadEnabled(true);
             case "disable":
                 return setThreadEnabled(false);
+            case "join":
+                return join();
+            case "leave":
+                return leave();
+            case "migrate":
+                return migrate();
             case "force-stop-ot-daemon":
                 return forceStopOtDaemon();
             case "force-country-code":
-                boolean enabled;
-                try {
-                    enabled = getNextArgRequiredTrueOrFalse("enabled", "disabled");
-                } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
-                    perr.println("Invalid argument: " + e.getMessage());
-                    return -1;
-                }
-
-                if (enabled) {
-                    String countryCode = getNextArgRequired();
-                    if (!ThreadNetworkCountryCode.isValidCountryCode(countryCode)) {
-                        perr.println(
-                                "Invalid argument: Country code must be a 2-Character"
-                                        + " string. But got country code "
-                                        + countryCode
-                                        + " instead");
-                        return -1;
-                    }
-                    mCountryCode.setOverrideCountryCode(countryCode);
-                    pw.println("Set Thread country code: " + countryCode);
-
-                } else {
-                    mCountryCode.clearOverrideCountryCode();
-                }
-                return 0;
+                return forceCountryCode();
             case "get-country-code":
-                pw.println("Thread country code = " + mCountryCode.getCountryCode());
-                return 0;
+                return getCountryCode();
             default:
                 return handleDefaultCommands(cmd);
         }
     }
 
+    private void ensureTestingPermission() {
+        mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
+                PERMISSION_THREAD_NETWORK_TESTING,
+                "Permission " + PERMISSION_THREAD_NETWORK_TESTING + " is missing!");
+    }
+
     private int setThreadEnabled(boolean enabled) {
         CompletableFuture<Void> setEnabledFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
         mControllerService.setEnabled(enabled, newOperationReceiver(setEnabledFuture));
-        return waitForFuture(setEnabledFuture, FORCE_STOP_TIMEOUT, getErrorWriter());
+        return waitForFuture(setEnabledFuture, SET_ENABLED_TIMEOUT, getErrorWriter());
+    }
+
+    private int join() {
+        byte[] datasetTlvs = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(getNextArgRequired());
+        ActiveOperationalDataset dataset;
+        try {
+            dataset = ActiveOperationalDataset.fromThreadTlvs(datasetTlvs);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            getErrorWriter().println("Invalid dataset argument: " + e.getMessage());
+            return -1;
+        }
+        // Do not wait for join to complete because this can take 8 to 30 seconds
+        mControllerService.join(dataset, new IOperationReceiver.Default());
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private int leave() {
+        CompletableFuture<Void> leaveFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        mControllerService.leave(newOperationReceiver(leaveFuture));
+        return waitForFuture(leaveFuture, LEAVE_TIMEOUT, getErrorWriter());
+    }
+
+    private int migrate() {
+        byte[] datasetTlvs = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(getNextArgRequired());
+        ActiveOperationalDataset dataset;
+        try {
+            dataset = ActiveOperationalDataset.fromThreadTlvs(datasetTlvs);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            getErrorWriter().println("Invalid dataset argument: " + e.getMessage());
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        int delaySeconds;
+        try {
+            delaySeconds = Integer.parseInt(getNextArgRequired());
+        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+            getErrorWriter().println("Invalid delay argument: " + e.getMessage());
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        PendingOperationalDataset pendingDataset =
+                new PendingOperationalDataset(
+                        dataset,
+                        OperationalDatasetTimestamp.fromInstant(Instant.now()),
+                        Duration.ofSeconds(delaySeconds));
+        CompletableFuture<Void> migrateFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        mControllerService.scheduleMigration(pendingDataset, newOperationReceiver(migrateFuture));
+        return waitForFuture(migrateFuture, MIGRATE_TIMEOUT, getErrorWriter());
     }
 
     private int forceStopOtDaemon() {
+        ensureTestingPermission();
         final PrintWriter errorWriter = getErrorWriter();
         boolean enabled;
         try {
@@ -166,6 +214,40 @@
         return waitForFuture(forceStopFuture, FORCE_STOP_TIMEOUT, getErrorWriter());
     }
 
+    private int forceCountryCode() {
+        ensureTestingPermission();
+        final PrintWriter perr = getErrorWriter();
+        boolean enabled;
+        try {
+            enabled = getNextArgRequiredTrueOrFalse("enabled", "disabled");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            perr.println("Invalid argument: " + e.getMessage());
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        if (enabled) {
+            String countryCode = getNextArgRequired();
+            if (!ThreadNetworkCountryCode.isValidCountryCode(countryCode)) {
+                perr.println(
+                        "Invalid argument: Country code must be a 2-letter"
+                                + " string. But got country code "
+                                + countryCode
+                                + " instead");
+                return -1;
+            }
+            mCountryCode.setOverrideCountryCode(countryCode);
+        } else {
+            mCountryCode.clearOverrideCountryCode();
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private int getCountryCode() {
+        ensureTestingPermission();
+        getOutputWriter().println("Thread country code = " + mCountryCode.getCountryCode());
+        return 0;
+    }
+
     private static IOperationReceiver newOperationReceiver(CompletableFuture<Void> future) {
         return new IOperationReceiver.Stub() {
             @Override
@@ -224,33 +306,4 @@
         String nextArg = getNextArgRequired();
         return argTrueOrFalse(nextArg, trueString, falseString);
     }
-
-    private void onHelpNonPrivileged(PrintWriter pw) {
-        pw.println("  enable");
-        pw.println("    Enables Thread radio");
-        pw.println("  disable");
-        pw.println("    Disables Thread radio");
-        pw.println("  get-country-code");
-        pw.println("    Gets country code as a two-letter string");
-    }
-
-    private void onHelpPrivileged(PrintWriter pw) {
-        pw.println("  force-country-code enabled <two-letter code> | disabled ");
-        pw.println("    Sets country code to <two-letter code> or left for normal value");
-        pw.println("  force-stop-ot-daemon enabled | disabled ");
-        pw.println("    force stop ot-daemon service");
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void onHelp() {
-        final PrintWriter pw = getOutputWriter();
-        pw.println("Thread network commands:");
-        pw.println("  help or -h");
-        pw.println("    Print this help text.");
-        onHelpNonPrivileged(pw);
-        if (Binder.getCallingUid() == Process.ROOT_UID) {
-            onHelpPrivileged(pw);
-        }
-        pw.println();
-    }
 }
diff --git a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ActiveOperationalDatasetTest.java b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ActiveOperationalDatasetTest.java
index 0e76930..996d22d 100644
--- a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ActiveOperationalDatasetTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ActiveOperationalDatasetTest.java
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 import android.net.thread.ActiveOperationalDataset.Builder;
 import android.net.thread.ActiveOperationalDataset.SecurityPolicy;
 import android.net.thread.OperationalDatasetTimestamp;
+import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule;
+import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.RequiresThreadFeature;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
 
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
@@ -38,6 +40,7 @@
 import com.google.common.primitives.Bytes;
 import com.google.common.testing.EqualsTester;
 
+import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
@@ -46,6 +49,7 @@
 
 /** CTS tests for {@link ActiveOperationalDataset}. */
 @SmallTest
+@RequiresThreadFeature
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 public final class ActiveOperationalDatasetTest {
     private static final int TYPE_ACTIVE_TIMESTAMP = 14;
@@ -81,6 +85,8 @@
     private static final ActiveOperationalDataset DEFAULT_DATASET =
             ActiveOperationalDataset.fromThreadTlvs(VALID_DATASET_TLVS);
 
+    @Rule public final ThreadFeatureCheckerRule mThreadRule = new ThreadFeatureCheckerRule();
+
     private static byte[] removeTlv(byte[] dataset, int type) {
         ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream(dataset.length);
         int i = 0;
diff --git a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/OperationalDatasetTimestampTest.java b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/OperationalDatasetTimestampTest.java
index 9be3d56..4d7c7f1 100644
--- a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/OperationalDatasetTimestampTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/OperationalDatasetTimestampTest.java
@@ -21,12 +21,15 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
 
 import android.net.thread.OperationalDatasetTimestamp;
+import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule;
+import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.RequiresThreadFeature;
 
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 
 import com.google.common.testing.EqualsTester;
 
+import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
@@ -34,8 +37,11 @@
 
 /** Tests for {@link OperationalDatasetTimestamp}. */
 @SmallTest
+@RequiresThreadFeature
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 public final class OperationalDatasetTimestampTest {
+    @Rule public final ThreadFeatureCheckerRule mThreadRule = new ThreadFeatureCheckerRule();
+
     @Test
     public void fromInstant_tooLargeInstant_throwsIllegalArgument() {
         assertThrows(
diff --git a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/PendingOperationalDatasetTest.java b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/PendingOperationalDatasetTest.java
index 0bb18ce..76be054 100644
--- a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/PendingOperationalDatasetTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/PendingOperationalDatasetTest.java
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
 import android.net.thread.ActiveOperationalDataset.SecurityPolicy;
 import android.net.thread.OperationalDatasetTimestamp;
 import android.net.thread.PendingOperationalDataset;
+import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule;
+import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.RequiresThreadFeature;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
 
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@
 import com.google.common.primitives.Bytes;
 import com.google.common.testing.EqualsTester;
 
+import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
@@ -44,8 +47,11 @@
 
 /** Tests for {@link PendingOperationalDataset}. */
 @SmallTest
+@RequiresThreadFeature
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 public final class PendingOperationalDatasetTest {
+    @Rule public final ThreadFeatureCheckerRule mThreadRule = new ThreadFeatureCheckerRule();
+
     private static ActiveOperationalDataset createActiveDataset() throws Exception {
         SparseArray<byte[]> channelMask = new SparseArray<>(1);
         channelMask.put(0, new byte[] {0x00, 0x1f, (byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xe0});
diff --git a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java
index dea4279..11c4819 100644
--- a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 import static com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors.directExecutor;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
@@ -174,6 +173,17 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void subscribeThreadEnableState_getActiveDataset_onThreadEnableStateChangedNotCalled()
+            throws Exception {
+        EnabledStateListener listener = new EnabledStateListener(mController);
+        listener.expectThreadEnabledState(STATE_ENABLED);
+
+        getActiveOperationalDataset(mController);
+
+        listener.expectCallbackNotCalled();
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void registerStateCallback_returnsUpdatedEnabledStates() throws Exception {
         CompletableFuture<Void> setFuture1 = new CompletableFuture<>();
         CompletableFuture<Void> setFuture2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
@@ -1016,7 +1026,11 @@
         }
 
         public void expectThreadEnabledState(int enabled) {
-            assertNotNull(mReadHead.poll(ENABLED_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, e -> (e == enabled)));
+            assertThat(mReadHead.poll(ENABLED_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, e -> (e == enabled))).isNotNull();
+        }
+
+        public void expectCallbackNotCalled() {
+            assertThat(mReadHead.poll(CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, e -> true)).isNull();
         }
 
         public void unregisterStateCallback() {
diff --git a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkExceptionTest.java b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkExceptionTest.java
index 7d9ae81..4de2e13 100644
--- a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkExceptionTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkExceptionTest.java
@@ -25,17 +25,23 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
 
 import android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkException;
+import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule;
+import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.RequiresThreadFeature;
 
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 
+import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
 /** CTS tests for {@link ThreadNetworkException}. */
 @SmallTest
+@RequiresThreadFeature
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 public final class ThreadNetworkExceptionTest {
+    @Rule public final ThreadFeatureCheckerRule mThreadRule = new ThreadFeatureCheckerRule();
+
     @Test
     public void constructor_validValues_valuesAreConnectlySet() throws Exception {
         ThreadNetworkException errorThreadDisabled =
diff --git a/thread/tests/multidevices/AndroidTest.xml b/thread/tests/multidevices/AndroidTest.xml
index a2ea9aa..8b2bed3 100644
--- a/thread/tests/multidevices/AndroidTest.xml
+++ b/thread/tests/multidevices/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 
     <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.mobly.MoblyBinaryHostTest">
       <!-- The mobly-par-file-name should match the module name -->
-      <option name="mobly-par-file-name" value="ThreadMultiDeviceTestCases" />
+      <option name="mobly-par-file-name" value="ThreadNetworkMultiDeviceTests" />
       <!-- Timeout limit in milliseconds for all test cases of the python binary -->
       <option name="mobly-test-timeout" value="180000" />
     </test>
diff --git a/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp b/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp
index 3365cd0..9404d1b 100644
--- a/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp
+++ b/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
         "mts-tethering",
     ],
     static_libs: [
+        "androidx.test.rules",
         "frameworks-base-testutils",
         "framework-connectivity-pre-jarjar",
         "framework-connectivity-t-pre-jarjar",
diff --git a/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerServiceTest.java b/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerServiceTest.java
index 52a9dd9..8f60783 100644
--- a/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerServiceTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerServiceTest.java
@@ -64,16 +64,19 @@
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.os.UserManager;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
 import android.provider.Settings;
 import android.util.AtomicFile;
 
+import androidx.test.annotation.UiThreadTest;
 import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 
 import com.android.connectivity.resources.R;
+import com.android.dx.mockito.inline.extended.ExtendedMockito;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityResources;
 import com.android.server.thread.openthread.MeshcopTxtAttributes;
 import com.android.server.thread.openthread.testing.FakeOtDaemon;
@@ -89,7 +92,10 @@
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.Mockito;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+import org.mockito.MockitoSession;
 
+import java.time.Clock;
+import java.time.DateTimeException;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
@@ -97,6 +103,12 @@
 /** Unit tests for {@link ThreadNetworkControllerService}. */
 @SmallTest
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+// This test doesn't really need to run on the UI thread, but @Before and @Test annotated methods
+// need to run in the same thread because there are code in {@code ThreadNetworkControllerService}
+// checking that all its methods are running in the thread of the handler it's using. This is due
+// to a bug in TestLooper that it executes all tasks on the current thread rather than the thread
+// associated to the backed Looper object.
+@UiThreadTest
 public final class ThreadNetworkControllerServiceTest {
     // A valid Thread Active Operational Dataset generated from OpenThread CLI "dataset new":
     // Active Timestamp: 1
@@ -528,6 +540,53 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void
+            createRandomizedDataset_noNetworkTimeClock_datasetActiveTimestampIsNotAuthoritative()
+                    throws Exception {
+        MockitoSession session =
+                ExtendedMockito.mockitoSession().mockStatic(SystemClock.class).startMocking();
+        final IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver mockReceiver =
+                ExtendedMockito.mock(IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver.class);
+
+        try {
+            ExtendedMockito.when(SystemClock.currentNetworkTimeClock())
+                    .thenThrow(new DateTimeException("fake throw"));
+            mService.createRandomizedDataset(DEFAULT_NETWORK_NAME, mockReceiver);
+            mTestLooper.dispatchAll();
+        } finally {
+            session.finishMocking();
+        }
+
+        verify(mockReceiver, never()).onError(anyInt(), anyString());
+        verify(mockReceiver, times(1)).onSuccess(mActiveDatasetCaptor.capture());
+        ActiveOperationalDataset activeDataset = mActiveDatasetCaptor.getValue();
+        assertThat(activeDataset.getActiveTimestamp().isAuthoritativeSource()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void createRandomizedDataset_hasNetworkTimeClock_datasetActiveTimestampIsAuthoritative()
+            throws Exception {
+        MockitoSession session =
+                ExtendedMockito.mockitoSession().mockStatic(SystemClock.class).startMocking();
+        final IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver mockReceiver =
+                ExtendedMockito.mock(IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver.class);
+
+        try {
+            ExtendedMockito.when(SystemClock.currentNetworkTimeClock())
+                    .thenReturn(Clock.systemUTC());
+            mService.createRandomizedDataset(DEFAULT_NETWORK_NAME, mockReceiver);
+            mTestLooper.dispatchAll();
+        } finally {
+            session.finishMocking();
+        }
+
+        verify(mockReceiver, never()).onError(anyInt(), anyString());
+        verify(mockReceiver, times(1)).onSuccess(mActiveDatasetCaptor.capture());
+        ActiveOperationalDataset activeDataset = mActiveDatasetCaptor.getValue();
+        assertThat(activeDataset.getActiveTimestamp().isAuthoritativeSource()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void createRandomizedDataset_succeed_activeDatasetCreated() throws Exception {
         final IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver mockReceiver =
                 mock(IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver.class);
diff --git a/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommandTest.java b/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommandTest.java
index 9f2d0cb..dfb3129 100644
--- a/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommandTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommandTest.java
@@ -16,22 +16,29 @@
 
 package com.android.server.thread;
 
-import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyBoolean;
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.atLeastOnce;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.contains;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.validateMockitoUsage;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.net.thread.ActiveOperationalDataset;
+import android.net.thread.PendingOperationalDataset;
 import android.os.Binder;
-import android.os.Process;
 
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
@@ -39,6 +46,7 @@
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
@@ -49,19 +57,43 @@
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
 public class ThreadNetworkShellCommandTest {
-    private static final String TAG = "ThreadNetworkShellCommandTTest";
-    @Mock ThreadNetworkControllerService mControllerService;
-    @Mock ThreadNetworkCountryCode mCountryCode;
-    @Mock PrintWriter mErrorWriter;
-    @Mock PrintWriter mOutputWriter;
+    // A valid Thread Active Operational Dataset generated from OpenThread CLI "dataset new":
+    // Active Timestamp: 1
+    // Channel: 19
+    // Channel Mask: 0x07FFF800
+    // Ext PAN ID: ACC214689BC40BDF
+    // Mesh Local Prefix: fd64:db12:25f4:7e0b::/64
+    // Network Key: F26B3153760F519A63BAFDDFFC80D2AF
+    // Network Name: OpenThread-d9a0
+    // PAN ID: 0xD9A0
+    // PSKc: A245479C836D551B9CA557F7B9D351B4
+    // Security Policy: 672 onrcb
+    private static final String DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET_TLVS =
+            "0E080000000000010000000300001335060004001FFFE002"
+                    + "08ACC214689BC40BDF0708FD64DB1225F47E0B0510F26B31"
+                    + "53760F519A63BAFDDFFC80D2AF030F4F70656E5468726561"
+                    + "642D643961300102D9A00410A245479C836D551B9CA557F7"
+                    + "B9D351B40C0402A0FFF8";
 
-    ThreadNetworkShellCommand mShellCommand;
+    @Mock private ThreadNetworkControllerService mControllerService;
+    @Mock private ThreadNetworkCountryCode mCountryCode;
+    @Mock private PrintWriter mErrorWriter;
+    @Mock private PrintWriter mOutputWriter;
+
+    private Context mContext;
+    private ThreadNetworkShellCommand mShellCommand;
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
 
-        mShellCommand = new ThreadNetworkShellCommand(mControllerService, mCountryCode);
+        mContext = spy(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext());
+        doNothing()
+                .when(mContext)
+                .enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
+                        eq("android.permission.THREAD_NETWORK_TESTING"), anyString());
+
+        mShellCommand = new ThreadNetworkShellCommand(mContext, mControllerService, mCountryCode);
         mShellCommand.setPrintWriters(mOutputWriter, mErrorWriter);
     }
 
@@ -71,8 +103,23 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void getCountryCode_executeInUnrootedShell_allowed() {
-        BinderUtil.setUid(Process.SHELL_UID);
+    public void getCountryCode_testingPermissionIsChecked() {
+        when(mCountryCode.getCountryCode()).thenReturn("US");
+
+        mShellCommand.exec(
+                new Binder(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new String[] {"get-country-code"});
+
+        verify(mContext, times(1))
+                .enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
+                        eq("android.permission.THREAD_NETWORK_TESTING"), anyString());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getCountryCode_currentCountryCodePrinted() {
         when(mCountryCode.getCountryCode()).thenReturn("US");
 
         mShellCommand.exec(
@@ -86,9 +133,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void forceSetCountryCodeEnabled_executeInUnrootedShell_notAllowed() {
-        BinderUtil.setUid(Process.SHELL_UID);
-
+    public void forceSetCountryCodeEnabled_testingPermissionIsChecked() {
         mShellCommand.exec(
                 new Binder(),
                 new FileDescriptor(),
@@ -96,14 +141,13 @@
                 new FileDescriptor(),
                 new String[] {"force-country-code", "enabled", "US"});
 
-        verify(mCountryCode, never()).setOverrideCountryCode(eq("US"));
-        verify(mErrorWriter).println(contains("force-country-code"));
+        verify(mContext, times(1))
+                .enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
+                        eq("android.permission.THREAD_NETWORK_TESTING"), anyString());
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void forceSetCountryCodeEnabled_executeInRootedShell_allowed() {
-        BinderUtil.setUid(Process.ROOT_UID);
-
+    public void forceSetCountryCodeEnabled_countryCodeIsOverridden() {
         mShellCommand.exec(
                 new Binder(),
                 new FileDescriptor(),
@@ -115,24 +159,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void forceSetCountryCodeDisabled_executeInUnrootedShell_notAllowed() {
-        BinderUtil.setUid(Process.SHELL_UID);
-
-        mShellCommand.exec(
-                new Binder(),
-                new FileDescriptor(),
-                new FileDescriptor(),
-                new FileDescriptor(),
-                new String[] {"force-country-code", "disabled"});
-
-        verify(mCountryCode, never()).setOverrideCountryCode(any());
-        verify(mErrorWriter).println(contains("force-country-code"));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void forceSetCountryCodeDisabled_executeInRootedShell_allowed() {
-        BinderUtil.setUid(Process.ROOT_UID);
-
+    public void forceSetCountryCodeDisabled_overriddenCountryCodeIsCleared() {
         mShellCommand.exec(
                 new Binder(),
                 new FileDescriptor(),
@@ -144,9 +171,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void forceStopOtDaemon_executeInUnrootedShell_failedAndServiceApiNotCalled() {
-        BinderUtil.setUid(Process.SHELL_UID);
-
+    public void forceStopOtDaemon_testingPermissionIsChecked() {
         mShellCommand.exec(
                 new Binder(),
                 new FileDescriptor(),
@@ -154,14 +179,13 @@
                 new FileDescriptor(),
                 new String[] {"force-stop-ot-daemon", "enabled"});
 
-        verify(mControllerService, never()).forceStopOtDaemonForTest(anyBoolean(), any());
-        verify(mErrorWriter, atLeastOnce()).println(contains("force-stop-ot-daemon"));
-        verify(mOutputWriter, never()).println();
+        verify(mContext, times(1))
+                .enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
+                        eq("android.permission.THREAD_NETWORK_TESTING"), anyString());
     }
 
     @Test
     public void forceStopOtDaemon_serviceThrows_failed() {
-        BinderUtil.setUid(Process.ROOT_UID);
         doThrow(new SecurityException(""))
                 .when(mControllerService)
                 .forceStopOtDaemonForTest(eq(true), any());
@@ -179,7 +203,6 @@
 
     @Test
     public void forceStopOtDaemon_serviceApiTimeout_failedWithTimeoutError() {
-        BinderUtil.setUid(Process.ROOT_UID);
         doNothing().when(mControllerService).forceStopOtDaemonForTest(eq(true), any());
 
         mShellCommand.exec(
@@ -193,4 +216,89 @@
         verify(mErrorWriter, atLeastOnce()).println(contains("timeout"));
         verify(mOutputWriter, never()).println();
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void join_controllerServiceJoinIsCalled() {
+        doNothing().when(mControllerService).join(any(), any());
+
+        mShellCommand.exec(
+                new Binder(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new String[] {"join", DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET_TLVS});
+
+        var activeDataset =
+                ActiveOperationalDataset.fromThreadTlvs(
+                        base16().decode(DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET_TLVS));
+        verify(mControllerService, times(1)).join(eq(activeDataset), any());
+        verify(mErrorWriter, never()).println();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void join_invalidDataset_controllerServiceJoinIsNotCalled() {
+        doNothing().when(mControllerService).join(any(), any());
+
+        mShellCommand.exec(
+                new Binder(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new String[] {"join", "000102"});
+
+        verify(mControllerService, never()).join(any(), any());
+        verify(mErrorWriter, times(1)).println(contains("Invalid dataset argument"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void migrate_controllerServiceMigrateIsCalled() {
+        doNothing().when(mControllerService).scheduleMigration(any(), any());
+
+        mShellCommand.exec(
+                new Binder(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new String[] {"migrate", DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET_TLVS, "300"});
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<PendingOperationalDataset> captor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(PendingOperationalDataset.class);
+        verify(mControllerService, times(1)).scheduleMigration(captor.capture(), any());
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().getActiveOperationalDataset())
+                .isEqualTo(
+                        ActiveOperationalDataset.fromThreadTlvs(
+                                base16().decode(DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET_TLVS)));
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().getDelayTimer().toSeconds()).isEqualTo(300);
+        verify(mErrorWriter, never()).println();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void migrate_invalidDataset_controllerServiceMigrateIsNotCalled() {
+        doNothing().when(mControllerService).scheduleMigration(any(), any());
+
+        mShellCommand.exec(
+                new Binder(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new String[] {"migrate", "000102", "300"});
+
+        verify(mControllerService, never()).scheduleMigration(any(), any());
+        verify(mErrorWriter, times(1)).println(contains("Invalid dataset argument"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void leave_controllerServiceLeaveIsCalled() {
+        doNothing().when(mControllerService).leave(any());
+
+        mShellCommand.exec(
+                new Binder(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new FileDescriptor(),
+                new String[] {"leave"});
+
+        verify(mControllerService, times(1)).leave(any());
+        verify(mErrorWriter, never()).println();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/thread/tests/utils/src/android/net/thread/utils/ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.java b/thread/tests/utils/src/android/net/thread/utils/ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.java
index bee9ceb..38a6e90 100644
--- a/thread/tests/utils/src/android/net/thread/utils/ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.java
+++ b/thread/tests/utils/src/android/net/thread/utils/ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.java
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 
 import android.content.Context;
-import android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkManager;
 import android.os.SystemProperties;
 import android.os.VintfRuntimeInfo;
 
@@ -122,7 +121,10 @@
     /** Returns {@code true} if this device has the Thread feature supported. */
     private static boolean hasThreadFeature() {
         final Context context = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext();
-        return context.getSystemService(ThreadNetworkManager.class) != null;
+
+        // Use service name rather than `ThreadNetworkManager.class` to avoid
+        // `ClassNotFoundException` on U- devices.
+        return context.getSystemService("thread_network") != null;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/tools/aospify_device.sh b/tools/aospify_device.sh
index f25ac9d..0176093 100755
--- a/tools/aospify_device.sh
+++ b/tools/aospify_device.sh
@@ -3,10 +3,14 @@
 # Script to swap core networking modules in a GMS userdebug device to AOSP modules, by remounting
 # the system partition and replacing module prebuilts. This is only to be used for local testing,
 # and should only be used on userdebug devices that support "adb root" and remounting the system
-# partition using overlayfs.
+# partition using overlayfs. The setup wizard should be cleared before running the script.
 #
 # Usage: aospify_device.sh [device_serial]
-# Reset by wiping data (adb reboot bootloader && fastboot erase userdata && fastboot reboot).
+#
+# Reset with "adb enable-verity", then wiping data (from Settings, or:
+# "adb reboot bootloader && fastboot erase userdata && fastboot reboot").
+# Some devices output errors like "Overlayfs teardown failed" on "enable-verity" but it still works
+# (/mnt/scratch should be deleted).
 #
 # This applies to NetworkStack, CaptivePortalLogin, dnsresolver, tethering, cellbroadcast modules,
 # which generally need to be preloaded together (core networking modules + cellbroadcast which
@@ -37,6 +41,10 @@
     else
         rm -f /tmp/decompressed_$aosp_apex_name.apex
         $ANDROID_HOST_OUT/bin/deapexer decompress --input $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/apex/$aosp_apex_name.capex --output /tmp/decompressed_$aosp_apex_name.apex
+        if ! $ADB_CMD shell ls /system/apex/$original_apex_name.apex 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
+            # Filename observed on some phones, even though it is not actually compressed
+            original_apex_name=${original_apex_name}_compressed
+        fi
         $ADB_CMD shell rm /system/apex/$original_apex_name.apex
         $ADB_CMD push /tmp/decompressed_$aosp_apex_name.apex /system/apex/$aosp_apex_name.apex
         rm /tmp/decompressed_$aosp_apex_name.apex
@@ -47,7 +55,7 @@
     local app_type=$1
     local original_apk_name=$2
     local aosp_apk_name=$3
-    $ADB_CMD shell rm /system/$app_type/$original_apk_name/$original_apk_name.apk
+    $ADB_CMD shell rm /system/$app_type/$original_apk_name/$original_apk_name*.apk
     $ADB_CMD push $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/$app_type/$aosp_apk_name/$aosp_apk_name.apk /system/$app_type/$original_apk_name/
 }
 
@@ -97,7 +105,7 @@
     exit 1
 fi
 
-if ! $ADB_CMD wait-for-device shell pm path com.google.android.networkstack; then
+if ! $ADB_CMD wait-for-device shell pm path com.google.android.networkstack 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
     echo "This device is already not using GMS modules"
     exit 1
 fi
@@ -122,8 +130,7 @@
 $ADB_CMD reboot
 
 echo "Waiting for boot..."
-$ADB_CMD wait-for-device;
-until [[ $($ADB_CMD shell getprop sys.boot_completed) == 1 ]]; do
+until [[ $($ADB_CMD wait-for-device shell getprop sys.boot_completed) == 1 ]]; do
     sleep 1;
 done
 
@@ -146,7 +153,12 @@
 
 # Update the networkstack privapp-permissions allowlist
 rm -f /tmp/pulled_privapp-permissions.xml
-$ADB_CMD pull /system/etc/permissions/privapp-permissions-google.xml /tmp/pulled_privapp-permissions.xml
+networkstack_permissions=/system/etc/permissions/GoogleNetworkStack_permissions.xml
+if ! $ADB_CMD shell ls $networkstack_permissions 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
+    networkstack_permissions=/system/etc/permissions/privapp-permissions-google.xml
+fi
+
+$ADB_CMD pull $networkstack_permissions /tmp/pulled_privapp-permissions.xml
 
 # Remove last </permission> line, and the permissions for com.google.android.networkstack
 sed -nE '1,/<\/permissions>/p' /tmp/pulled_privapp-permissions.xml \
@@ -156,7 +168,7 @@
     >> /tmp/modified_privapp-permissions.xml
 echo '</permissions>' >> /tmp/modified_privapp-permissions.xml
 
-$ADB_CMD push /tmp/modified_privapp-permissions.xml /system/etc/permissions/privapp-permissions-google.xml
+$ADB_CMD push /tmp/modified_privapp-permissions.xml $networkstack_permissions
 
 rm /tmp/pulled_privapp-permissions.xml /tmp/modified_privapp-permissions.xml