diff --git a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/config_thread.xml b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/config_thread.xml
index d1d9e52..128a98f 100644
--- a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/config_thread.xml
+++ b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/config_thread.xml
@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@
     -->
     <bool name="config_thread_default_enabled">true</bool>
 
+    <!-- Sets to {@code true} to enable Thread Border Router on the device by default.
+    -->
+    <bool name="config_thread_border_router_default_enabled">false</bool>
+
     <!-- Whether to use location APIs in the algorithm to determine country code or not.
     If disabled, will use other sources (telephony, wifi, etc) to determine device location for
     Thread Network regulatory purposes.
diff --git a/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java b/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java
index 73a6bda..b649716 100644
--- a/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java
+++ b/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java
@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@
      * specific error:
      *
      * <ul>
-     *   <li>{@link ThreadNetworkException#ERROR_FAILED_PRECONDITION} when this device is not
-     *       attached to Thread network
+     *   <li>{@link ThreadNetworkException#ERROR_FAILED_PRECONDITION} when this device is not a
+     *       Border Router or not attached to Thread network
      *   <li>{@link ThreadNetworkException#ERROR_BUSY} when ephemeral key mode is already activated
      *       on the device, caller can recover from this error when the ephemeral key mode gets
      *       deactivated
@@ -267,7 +267,8 @@
      * connection will be terminated.
      *
      * <p>On success, {@link OutcomeReceiver#onResult} of {@code receiver} is called. The call will
-     * always succeed if the device is not in ephemeral key mode.
+     * always succeed if the device is not in ephemeral key mode. It returns an error {@link
+     * ThreadNetworkException#ERROR_FAILED_PRECONDITION} if this device is not a Border Router.
      *
      * @param executor the executor to execute {@code receiver}
      * @param receiver the receiver to receive the result of this operation
diff --git a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerService.java b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerService.java
index af16d19..7063357 100644
--- a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerService.java
+++ b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerService.java
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@
             // The persistent setting keeps the desired enabled state, thus it's set regardless
             // the otDaemon set enabled state operation succeeded or not, so that it can recover
             // to the desired value after reboot.
-            mPersistentSettings.put(ThreadPersistentSettings.THREAD_ENABLED.key, isEnabled);
+            mPersistentSettings.put(ThreadPersistentSettings.KEY_THREAD_ENABLED, isEnabled);
         }
 
         try {
@@ -743,7 +743,7 @@
     private boolean shouldEnableThread() {
         return !mForceStopOtDaemonEnabled
                 && !mUserRestricted
-                && mPersistentSettings.get(ThreadPersistentSettings.THREAD_ENABLED);
+                && mPersistentSettings.get(ThreadPersistentSettings.KEY_THREAD_ENABLED);
     }
 
     private void requestUpstreamNetwork() {
@@ -879,10 +879,8 @@
                         .addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED);
         final var scoreBuilder = new NetworkScore.Builder();
 
-        if (isBorderRouterMode()) {
-            netCapsBuilder.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK);
-            scoreBuilder.setKeepConnectedReason(NetworkScore.KEEP_CONNECTED_LOCAL_NETWORK);
-        }
+        netCapsBuilder.addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK);
+        scoreBuilder.setKeepConnectedReason(NetworkScore.KEEP_CONNECTED_LOCAL_NETWORK);
 
         return new NetworkAgent(
                 mContext,
@@ -890,7 +888,7 @@
                 LOG.getTag(),
                 netCapsBuilder.build(),
                 getTunIfLinkProperties(),
-                isBorderRouterMode() ? newLocalNetworkConfig() : null,
+                newLocalNetworkConfig(),
                 scoreBuilder.build(),
                 new NetworkAgentConfig.Builder().build(),
                 mNetworkProvider) {
@@ -899,9 +897,8 @@
             @Override
             public void onNetworkUnwanted() {
                 LOG.i("Thread network is unwanted by ConnectivityService");
-                if (!isBorderRouterMode()) {
-                    leave(false /* eraseDataset */, new LoggingOperationReceiver("leave"));
-                }
+                // TODO(b/374037595): leave() the current network when the new APIs for mobile
+                // is available
             }
         };
     }
diff --git a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkCountryCode.java b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkCountryCode.java
index 2cd34e8..ff0e2c1 100644
--- a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkCountryCode.java
+++ b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkCountryCode.java
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.android.server.thread;
 
-import static com.android.server.thread.ThreadPersistentSettings.THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE;
+import static com.android.server.thread.ThreadPersistentSettings.KEY_COUNTRY_CODE;
 
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.annotation.StringDef;
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@
             return mLocationCountryCodeInfo;
         }
 
-        String settingsCountryCode = mPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE);
+        String settingsCountryCode = mPersistentSettings.get(KEY_COUNTRY_CODE);
         if (settingsCountryCode != null) {
             return new CountryCodeInfo(settingsCountryCode, COUNTRY_CODE_SOURCE_SETTINGS);
         }
@@ -514,8 +514,7 @@
             public void onSuccess() {
                 synchronized ("ThreadNetworkCountryCode.this") {
                     mCurrentCountryCodeInfo = countryCodeInfo;
-                    mPersistentSettings.put(
-                            THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE.key, countryCodeInfo.getCountryCode());
+                    mPersistentSettings.put(KEY_COUNTRY_CODE, countryCodeInfo.getCountryCode());
                 }
             }
 
diff --git a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadPersistentSettings.java b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadPersistentSettings.java
index 746b587..fd6dec7 100644
--- a/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadPersistentSettings.java
+++ b/thread/service/java/com/android/server/thread/ThreadPersistentSettings.java
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@
 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
 
 /**
  * Store persistent data for Thread network settings. These are key (string) / value pairs that are
@@ -53,54 +55,55 @@
     /** File name used for storing settings. */
     private static final String FILE_NAME = "ThreadPersistentSettings.xml";
 
-    /** Current config store data version. This will be incremented for any additions. */
+    /** Current config store data version. This MUST be incremented for any incompatible changes. */
     private static final int CURRENT_SETTINGS_STORE_DATA_VERSION = 1;
 
     /**
      * Stores the version of the data. This can be used to handle migration of data if some
      * non-backward compatible change introduced.
      */
-    private static final String VERSION_KEY = "version";
+    private static final String KEY_VERSION = "version";
 
-    /******** Thread persistent setting keys ***************/
-    /** Stores the Thread feature toggle state, true for enabled and false for disabled. */
-    public static final Key<Boolean> THREAD_ENABLED = new Key<>("thread_enabled", true);
+    /**
+     * Saves the boolean flag for Thread being enabled. The value defaults to resource overlay value
+     * {@code R.bool.config_thread_default_enabled}.
+     */
+    public static final Key<Boolean> KEY_THREAD_ENABLED = new Key<>("thread_enabled");
+
+    /**
+     * Saves the boolean flag for border router being enabled. The value defaults to resource
+     * overlay value {@code R.bool.config_thread_border_router_default_enabled}.
+     */
+    private static final Key<Boolean> KEY_CONFIG_BORDER_ROUTER_ENABLED =
+            new Key<>("config_border_router_enabled");
+
+    /** Stores the Thread NAT64 feature toggle state, true for enabled and false for disabled. */
+    private static final Key<Boolean> KEY_CONFIG_NAT64_ENABLED = new Key<>("config_nat64_enabled");
+
+    /**
+     * Stores the Thread DHCPv6-PD feature toggle state, true for enabled and false for disabled.
+     */
+    private static final Key<Boolean> KEY_CONFIG_DHCP6_PD_ENABLED =
+            new Key<>("config_dhcp6_pd_enabled");
 
     /**
      * Indicates that Thread was enabled (i.e. via the setEnabled() API) when the airplane mode is
      * turned on in settings. When this value is {@code true}, the current airplane mode state will
      * be ignored when evaluating the Thread enabled state.
      */
-    public static final Key<Boolean> THREAD_ENABLED_IN_AIRPLANE_MODE =
-            new Key<>("thread_enabled_in_airplane_mode", false);
+    public static final Key<Boolean> KEY_THREAD_ENABLED_IN_AIRPLANE_MODE =
+            new Key<>("thread_enabled_in_airplane_mode");
 
     /** Stores the Thread country code, null if no country code is stored. */
-    public static final Key<String> THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE = new Key<>("thread_country_code", null);
-
-    /**
-     * Saves the boolean flag for border router being enabled. The value defaults to {@code true} if
-     * this config is missing.
-     */
-    private static final Key<Boolean> CONFIG_BORDER_ROUTER_ENABLED =
-            new Key<>("config_border_router_enabled", true);
-
-    /** Stores the Thread NAT64 feature toggle state, true for enabled and false for disabled. */
-    private static final Key<Boolean> CONFIG_NAT64_ENABLED =
-            new Key<>("config_nat64_enabled", false);
-
-    /**
-     * Stores the Thread DHCPv6-PD feature toggle state, true for enabled and false for disabled.
-     */
-    private static final Key<Boolean> CONFIG_DHCP6_PD_ENABLED =
-            new Key<>("config_dhcp6_pd_enabled", false);
-
-    /******** Thread persistent setting keys ***************/
+    public static final Key<String> KEY_COUNTRY_CODE = new Key<>("thread_country_code");
 
     @GuardedBy("mLock")
     private final AtomicFile mAtomicFile;
 
     private final Object mLock = new Object();
 
+    private final Map<String, Object> mDefaultValues = new HashMap<>();
+
     @GuardedBy("mLock")
     private final PersistableBundle mSettings = new PersistableBundle();
 
@@ -116,19 +119,22 @@
     ThreadPersistentSettings(AtomicFile atomicFile, ConnectivityResources resources) {
         mAtomicFile = atomicFile;
         mResources = resources;
+
+        mDefaultValues.put(
+                KEY_THREAD_ENABLED.key,
+                mResources.get().getBoolean(R.bool.config_thread_default_enabled));
+        mDefaultValues.put(
+                KEY_CONFIG_BORDER_ROUTER_ENABLED.key,
+                mResources.get().getBoolean(R.bool.config_thread_border_router_default_enabled));
+        mDefaultValues.put(KEY_CONFIG_NAT64_ENABLED.key, false);
+        mDefaultValues.put(KEY_CONFIG_DHCP6_PD_ENABLED.key, false);
+        mDefaultValues.put(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED_IN_AIRPLANE_MODE.key, false);
+        mDefaultValues.put(KEY_COUNTRY_CODE.key, null);
     }
 
     /** Initialize the settings by reading from the settings file. */
     public void initialize() {
         readFromStoreFile();
-        synchronized (mLock) {
-            if (!mSettings.containsKey(THREAD_ENABLED.key)) {
-                LOG.i("\"thread_enabled\" is missing in settings file, using default value");
-                put(
-                        THREAD_ENABLED.key,
-                        mResources.get().getBoolean(R.bool.config_thread_default_enabled));
-            }
-        }
     }
 
     private void putObject(String key, @Nullable Object value) {
@@ -173,25 +179,17 @@
         return (T) value;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Store a value to the stored settings.
-     *
-     * @param key One of the settings keys.
-     * @param value Value to be stored.
-     */
-    public <T> void put(String key, @Nullable T value) {
-        putObject(key, value);
+    /** Stores a value to the stored settings. */
+    public <T> void put(Key<T> key, @Nullable T value) {
+        putObject(key.key, value);
         writeToStoreFile();
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Retrieve a value from the stored settings.
-     *
-     * @param key One of the settings keys.
-     * @return value stored in settings, defValue if the key does not exist.
-     */
+    /** Retrieves a value from the stored settings. */
+    @Nullable
     public <T> T get(Key<T> key) {
-        return getObject(key.key, key.defaultValue);
+        T defaultValue = (T) mDefaultValues.get(key.key);
+        return getObject(key.key, defaultValue);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -204,9 +202,9 @@
         if (getConfiguration().equals(configuration)) {
             return false;
         }
-        putObject(CONFIG_BORDER_ROUTER_ENABLED.key, configuration.isBorderRouterEnabled());
-        putObject(CONFIG_NAT64_ENABLED.key, configuration.isNat64Enabled());
-        putObject(CONFIG_DHCP6_PD_ENABLED.key, configuration.isDhcpv6PdEnabled());
+        put(KEY_CONFIG_BORDER_ROUTER_ENABLED, configuration.isBorderRouterEnabled());
+        put(KEY_CONFIG_NAT64_ENABLED, configuration.isNat64Enabled());
+        put(KEY_CONFIG_DHCP6_PD_ENABLED, configuration.isDhcpv6PdEnabled());
         writeToStoreFile();
         return true;
     }
@@ -214,9 +212,9 @@
     /** Retrieve the {@link ThreadConfiguration} from the persistent settings. */
     public ThreadConfiguration getConfiguration() {
         return new ThreadConfiguration.Builder()
-                .setBorderRouterEnabled(get(CONFIG_BORDER_ROUTER_ENABLED))
-                .setNat64Enabled(get(CONFIG_NAT64_ENABLED))
-                .setDhcpv6PdEnabled(get(CONFIG_DHCP6_PD_ENABLED))
+                .setBorderRouterEnabled(get(KEY_CONFIG_BORDER_ROUTER_ENABLED))
+                .setNat64Enabled(get(KEY_CONFIG_NAT64_ENABLED))
+                .setDhcpv6PdEnabled(get(KEY_CONFIG_DHCP6_PD_ENABLED))
                 .build();
     }
 
@@ -225,18 +223,11 @@
      *
      * @param <T> Type of the value.
      */
-    public static class Key<T> {
-        public final String key;
-        public final T defaultValue;
+    public static final class Key<T> {
+        @VisibleForTesting final String key;
 
-        private Key(String key, T defaultValue) {
+        private Key(String key) {
             this.key = key;
-            this.defaultValue = defaultValue;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public String toString() {
-            return "[Key: " + key + ", DefaultValue: " + defaultValue + "]";
         }
     }
 
@@ -247,7 +238,7 @@
             synchronized (mLock) {
                 bundleToWrite = new PersistableBundle(mSettings);
             }
-            bundleToWrite.putInt(VERSION_KEY, CURRENT_SETTINGS_STORE_DATA_VERSION);
+            bundleToWrite.putInt(KEY_VERSION, CURRENT_SETTINGS_STORE_DATA_VERSION);
             bundleToWrite.writeToStream(outputStream);
             synchronized (mLock) {
                 writeToAtomicFile(mAtomicFile, outputStream.toByteArray());
@@ -267,7 +258,7 @@
             final ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(readData);
             final PersistableBundle bundleRead = PersistableBundle.readFromStream(inputStream);
             // Version unused for now. May be needed in the future for handling migrations.
-            bundleRead.remove(VERSION_KEY);
+            bundleRead.remove(KEY_VERSION);
             synchronized (mLock) {
                 mSettings.putAll(bundleRead);
             }
diff --git a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java
index a979721..2d68119 100644
--- a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.junit.Assume.assumeFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 
 import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS;
 
@@ -94,12 +96,15 @@
 import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
 
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.time.Duration;
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -118,6 +123,7 @@
 /** CTS tests for {@link ThreadNetworkController}. */
 @LargeTest
 @RequiresThreadFeature
+@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
 public class ThreadNetworkControllerTest {
     private static final int JOIN_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 30 * 1000;
     private static final int LEAVE_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 2_000;
@@ -134,8 +140,6 @@
     private static final String MESHCOP_SERVICE_TYPE = "_meshcop._udp";
     private static final String THREAD_NETWORK_PRIVILEGED =
             "android.permission.THREAD_NETWORK_PRIVILEGED";
-    private static final ThreadConfiguration DEFAULT_CONFIG =
-            new ThreadConfiguration.Builder().build();
     private static final SparseIntArray CHANNEL_MAX_POWERS =
             new SparseIntArray() {
                 {
@@ -161,6 +165,22 @@
     private final List<Consumer<ThreadConfiguration>> mConfigurationCallbacksToCleanUp =
             new ArrayList<>();
 
+    public final boolean mIsBorderRouterEnabled;
+    private final ThreadConfiguration mDefaultConfig;
+
+    @Parameterized.Parameters
+    public static Collection configArguments() {
+        return Arrays.asList(new Object[][] {{false}, {true}});
+    }
+
+    public ThreadNetworkControllerTest(boolean isBorderRouterEnabled) {
+        mIsBorderRouterEnabled = isBorderRouterEnabled;
+        mDefaultConfig =
+                new ThreadConfiguration.Builder()
+                        .setBorderRouterEnabled(isBorderRouterEnabled)
+                        .build();
+    }
+
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         mController =
@@ -175,8 +195,10 @@
         mHandlerThread.start();
 
         setEnabledAndWait(mController, true);
-        setConfigurationAndWait(mController, DEFAULT_CONFIG);
-        deactivateEphemeralKeyModeAndWait(mController);
+        setConfigurationAndWait(mController, mDefaultConfig);
+        if (mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled()) {
+            deactivateEphemeralKeyModeAndWait(mController);
+        }
     }
 
     @After
@@ -185,7 +207,7 @@
         setEnabledAndWait(mController, true);
         leaveAndWait(mController);
         tearDownTestNetwork();
-        setConfigurationAndWait(mController, DEFAULT_CONFIG);
+        setConfigurationAndWait(mController, mDefaultConfig);
         for (Consumer<ThreadConfiguration> configurationCallback :
                 mConfigurationCallbacksToCleanUp) {
             try {
@@ -197,7 +219,9 @@
             }
         }
         mConfigurationCallbacksToCleanUp.clear();
-        deactivateEphemeralKeyModeAndWait(mController);
+        if (mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled()) {
+            deactivateEphemeralKeyModeAndWait(mController);
+        }
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -573,7 +597,7 @@
                     @Override
                     public void onActiveOperationalDatasetChanged(
                             ActiveOperationalDataset activeDataset) {
-                        if (activeDataset.equals(activeDataset2)) {
+                        if (Objects.equals(activeDataset, activeDataset2)) {
                             dataset2IsApplied.complete(true);
                         }
                     }
@@ -843,6 +867,7 @@
     @Test
     @RequiresFlagsEnabled({Flags.FLAG_EPSKC_ENABLED})
     public void activateEphemeralKeyMode_withPrivilegedPermission_succeeds() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled());
         joinRandomizedDatasetAndWait(mController);
         CompletableFuture<Void> startFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
 
@@ -861,6 +886,7 @@
     @RequiresFlagsEnabled({Flags.FLAG_EPSKC_ENABLED})
     public void activateEphemeralKeyMode_withoutPrivilegedPermission_throwsSecurityException()
             throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled());
         dropAllPermissions();
 
         assertThrows(
@@ -874,6 +900,7 @@
     @RequiresFlagsEnabled({Flags.FLAG_EPSKC_ENABLED})
     public void activateEphemeralKeyMode_withZeroLifetime_throwsIllegalArgumentException()
             throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled());
         grantPermissions(THREAD_NETWORK_PRIVILEGED);
 
         assertThrows(
@@ -885,6 +912,7 @@
     @RequiresFlagsEnabled({Flags.FLAG_EPSKC_ENABLED})
     public void activateEphemeralKeyMode_withInvalidLargeLifetime_throwsIllegalArgumentException()
             throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled());
         grantPermissions(THREAD_NETWORK_PRIVILEGED);
         Duration lifetime = mController.getMaxEphemeralKeyLifetime().plusMillis(1);
 
@@ -897,6 +925,7 @@
     @RequiresFlagsEnabled({Flags.FLAG_EPSKC_ENABLED})
     public void activateEphemeralKeyMode_concurrentRequests_secondOneFailsWithBusyError()
             throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled());
         joinRandomizedDatasetAndWait(mController);
         CompletableFuture<Void> future1 = new CompletableFuture<>();
         CompletableFuture<Void> future2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
@@ -945,6 +974,7 @@
     @RequiresFlagsEnabled({Flags.FLAG_EPSKC_ENABLED})
     public void deactivateEphemeralKeyMode_withoutPrivilegedPermission_throwsSecurityException()
             throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled());
         dropAllPermissions();
 
         assertThrows(
@@ -956,9 +986,7 @@
     @RequiresFlagsEnabled({Flags.FLAG_EPSKC_ENABLED})
     public void deactivateEphemeralKeyMode_notBorderRouter_failsWithFailedPrecondition()
             throws Exception {
-        setConfigurationAndWait(
-                mController,
-                new ThreadConfiguration.Builder().setBorderRouterEnabled(false).build());
+        assumeFalse(mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled());
         grantPermissions(THREAD_NETWORK_PRIVILEGED);
         CompletableFuture<Void> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
 
@@ -975,6 +1003,7 @@
     @Test
     @RequiresFlagsEnabled({Flags.FLAG_EPSKC_ENABLED})
     public void subscribeEpskcState_permissionsGranted_returnsCurrentState() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled());
         CompletableFuture<Integer> stateFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
         CompletableFuture<String> ephemeralKeyFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
         CompletableFuture<Instant> expiryFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
@@ -1011,6 +1040,7 @@
     @RequiresFlagsEnabled({Flags.FLAG_EPSKC_ENABLED})
     public void subscribeEpskcState_withoutThreadPriviledgedPermission_returnsNullEphemeralKey()
             throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled());
         CompletableFuture<Integer> stateFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
         CompletableFuture<String> ephemeralKeyFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
         CompletableFuture<Instant> expiryFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
@@ -1050,6 +1080,7 @@
     @Test
     @RequiresFlagsEnabled({Flags.FLAG_EPSKC_ENABLED})
     public void subscribeEpskcState_ephemralKeyStateChanged_returnsUpdatedState() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled());
         EphemeralKeyStateListener listener = new EphemeralKeyStateListener(mController);
         joinRandomizedDatasetAndWait(mController);
 
@@ -1068,6 +1099,7 @@
     @Test
     @RequiresFlagsEnabled({Flags.FLAG_EPSKC_ENABLED})
     public void subscribeEpskcState_epskcEnabled_returnsSameExpiry() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mDefaultConfig.isBorderRouterEnabled());
         EphemeralKeyStateListener listener1 = new EphemeralKeyStateListener(mController);
         Triple<Integer, String, Instant> epskc1;
         try {
@@ -1173,7 +1205,7 @@
                 THREAD_NETWORK_PRIVILEGED,
                 () -> registerConfigurationCallback(mController, mExecutor, callback));
         assertThat(getConfigFuture.get(CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, MILLISECONDS))
-                .isEqualTo(DEFAULT_CONFIG);
+                .isEqualTo(mDefaultConfig);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -1216,7 +1248,7 @@
             setFuture1.get(ENABLED_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, MILLISECONDS);
             setFuture2.get(ENABLED_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, MILLISECONDS);
 
-            listener.expectConfiguration(DEFAULT_CONFIG);
+            listener.expectConfiguration(mDefaultConfig);
             listener.expectConfiguration(config1);
             listener.expectConfiguration(config2);
             listener.expectNoMoreConfiguration();
diff --git a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkManagerTest.java b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkManagerTest.java
index b6d0d31..5ba76b8 100644
--- a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkManagerTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkManagerTest.java
@@ -90,21 +90,4 @@
 
         assertThat(mManager).isNotNull();
     }
-
-    @Test
-    public void getManager_noThreadFeature_returnsNull() {
-        assumeFalse(mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature("android.hardware.thread_network"));
-
-        assertThat(mManager).isNull();
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
-    public void getAllThreadNetworkControllers_managerIsNotNull_returnsNotEmptyList() {
-        assumeNotNull(mManager);
-
-        List<ThreadNetworkController> controllers = mManager.getAllThreadNetworkControllers();
-
-        assertThat(controllers).isNotEmpty();
-    }
 }
diff --git a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/BorderRoutingTest.java b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/BorderRoutingTest.java
index 875a4ad..40f0089 100644
--- a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/BorderRoutingTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/BorderRoutingTest.java
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 import static android.net.InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.DEFAULT_DATASET;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.buildIcmpv4EchoReply;
-import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.enableThreadAndJoinNetwork;
+import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.enableBorderRouterAndJoinNetwork;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.getIpv6LinkAddresses;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.isExpectedIcmpv4Packet;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.isExpectedIcmpv6Packet;
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
 
     @BeforeClass
     public static void beforeClass() throws Exception {
-        enableThreadAndJoinNetwork(DEFAULT_DATASET);
+        enableBorderRouterAndJoinNetwork(DEFAULT_DATASET);
     }
 
     @AfterClass
diff --git a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ServiceDiscoveryTest.java b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ServiceDiscoveryTest.java
index f959ccf..62f9035 100644
--- a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ServiceDiscoveryTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ServiceDiscoveryTest.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.SERVICE_DISCOVERY_TIMEOUT;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.discoverForServiceLost;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.discoverService;
+import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.joinNetworkAndWait;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.joinNetworkAndWaitForOmr;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.resolveService;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.resolveServiceUntil;
@@ -115,6 +116,8 @@
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         mController.setEnabledAndWait(true);
         mController.leaveAndWait();
+        var config = new ThreadConfiguration.Builder().setBorderRouterEnabled(true).build();
+        mController.setConfigurationAndWait(config);
         mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
         mNsdManager = mContext.getSystemService(NsdManager.class);
 
@@ -158,6 +161,143 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void advertisingProxy_borderRouterDisabled_clientServiceRemovedWhenLeaveIsCalled()
+            throws Exception {
+        /*
+         * <pre>
+         * Topology:
+         *                            Thread
+         *  SRP Server / AD Proxy -------------- SRP Client
+         *
+         * </pre>
+         */
+
+        // The Border Router / SRP Server mode can only be changed when Thread is disconnected
+        mController.leaveAndWait();
+        var config = new ThreadConfiguration.Builder().setBorderRouterEnabled(false).build();
+        mController.setConfigurationAndWait(config);
+        mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
+
+        FullThreadDevice srpClient = mFtds.get(0);
+        joinNetworkAndWait(srpClient, DEFAULT_DATASET);
+        srpClient.setSrpHostname("thread-srp-client-host");
+        srpClient.setSrpHostAddresses(List.of(srpClient.getMlEid()));
+        srpClient.addSrpService(
+                "thread-srp-client-service",
+                "_matter._tcp",
+                List.of("_sub1", "_sub2"),
+                12345 /* port */,
+                Map.of("key1", bytes(1), "key2", bytes(2)));
+        NsdServiceInfo discoveredService = discoverService(mNsdManager, "_matter._tcp");
+        assertThat(discoveredService).isNotNull();
+
+        CompletableFuture<NsdServiceInfo> serviceLostFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        NsdManager.DiscoveryListener listener =
+                discoverForServiceLost(mNsdManager, "_matter._tcp", serviceLostFuture);
+        mController.leaveAndWait();
+
+        // Verify the service becomes lost.
+        try {
+            serviceLostFuture.get(SERVICE_DISCOVERY_TIMEOUT.toMillis(), MILLISECONDS);
+        } finally {
+            mNsdManager.stopServiceDiscovery(listener);
+        }
+        assertThrows(TimeoutException.class, () -> discoverService(mNsdManager, "_matter._tcp"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void advertisingProxy_borderRouterDisabled_clientServiceRemovedWhen2ndSrpServerEnabled()
+            throws Exception {
+        /*
+         * <pre>
+         * Topology:
+         *                            Thread
+         *  SRP Server / AD Proxy -------------- SRP Client
+         *  (Cuttlefish)                |
+         *                              +------- 2nd SRP Server
+         *
+         * </pre>
+         */
+
+        // The Border Router / SRP Server mode can only be changed when Thread is disconnected
+        mController.leaveAndWait();
+        var config = new ThreadConfiguration.Builder().setBorderRouterEnabled(false).build();
+        mController.setConfigurationAndWait(config);
+        mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
+
+        FullThreadDevice srpClient = mFtds.get(0);
+        joinNetworkAndWait(srpClient, DEFAULT_DATASET);
+        srpClient.setSrpHostname("thread-srp-client-host");
+        srpClient.setSrpHostAddresses(List.of(srpClient.getMlEid()));
+        srpClient.addSrpService(
+                "thread-srp-client-service",
+                "_matter._tcp",
+                List.of("_sub1", "_sub2"),
+                12345 /* port */,
+                Map.of("key1", bytes(1), "key2", bytes(2)));
+        NsdServiceInfo discoveredService = discoverService(mNsdManager, "_matter._tcp");
+        assertThat(discoveredService).isNotNull();
+
+        FullThreadDevice srpServer2 = mFtds.get(1);
+        joinNetworkAndWait(srpServer2, DEFAULT_DATASET);
+        CompletableFuture<NsdServiceInfo> serviceLostFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        NsdManager.DiscoveryListener listener =
+                discoverForServiceLost(mNsdManager, "_matter._tcp", serviceLostFuture);
+        srpServer2.setSrpServerEnabled(true);
+
+        // Verify the service becomes lost.
+        try {
+            serviceLostFuture.get(SERVICE_DISCOVERY_TIMEOUT.toMillis(), MILLISECONDS);
+        } finally {
+            mNsdManager.stopServiceDiscovery(listener);
+        }
+        assertThrows(TimeoutException.class, () -> discoverService(mNsdManager, "_matter._tcp"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void advertisingProxy_borderRouterDisabled_clientMleIdAddressIsAdvertised()
+            throws Exception {
+        /*
+         * <pre>
+         * Topology:
+         *                            Thread
+         *  SRP Server / AD Proxy -------------- SRP Client
+         *  (Cuttlefish)
+         *
+         * </pre>
+         */
+
+        // The Border Router / SRP Server mode can only be changed when Thread is disconnected
+        mController.leaveAndWait();
+        var config = new ThreadConfiguration.Builder().setBorderRouterEnabled(false).build();
+        mController.setConfigurationAndWait(config);
+        mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
+
+        FullThreadDevice srpClient = mFtds.getFirst();
+        joinNetworkAndWait(srpClient, DEFAULT_DATASET);
+        srpClient.setSrpHostname("thread-srp-client-host");
+        srpClient.setSrpHostAddresses(List.of(srpClient.getMlEid()));
+        srpClient.addSrpService(
+                "thread-srp-client-service",
+                "_matter._tcp",
+                List.of("_sub1", "_sub2"),
+                12345 /* port */,
+                Map.of("key1", bytes(1), "key2", bytes(2)));
+
+        NsdServiceInfo discoveredService = discoverService(mNsdManager, "_matter._tcp");
+        assertThat(discoveredService).isNotNull();
+        NsdServiceInfo resolvedService = resolveService(mNsdManager, discoveredService);
+        assertThat(resolvedService.getServiceName()).isEqualTo("thread-srp-client-service");
+        assertThat(resolvedService.getServiceType()).isEqualTo("_matter._tcp");
+        assertThat(resolvedService.getPort()).isEqualTo(12345);
+        assertThat(resolvedService.getAttributes())
+                .comparingValuesUsing(BYTE_ARRAY_EQUALITY)
+                .containsExactly("key1", bytes(1), "key2", bytes(2));
+        assertThat(resolvedService.getHostname()).isEqualTo("thread-srp-client-host");
+        assertThat(resolvedService.getHostAddresses()).containsExactly(srpClient.getMlEid());
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void advertisingProxy_multipleSrpClientsRegisterServices_servicesResolvableByMdns()
             throws Exception {
         /*
diff --git a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadIntegrationTest.java b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadIntegrationTest.java
index 0e8f824..195f6d2 100644
--- a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadIntegrationTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadIntegrationTest.java
@@ -17,12 +17,10 @@
 package android.net.thread;
 
 import static android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE;
-import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK;
 import static android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkController.DEVICE_ROLE_DETACHED;
 import static android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkController.DEVICE_ROLE_LEADER;
 import static android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkController.DEVICE_ROLE_STOPPED;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.CALLBACK_TIMEOUT;
-import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.DEFAULT_CONFIG;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.RESTART_JOIN_TIMEOUT;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.getIpv6LinkAddresses;
 import static android.net.thread.utils.IntegrationTestUtils.getPrefixesFromNetData;
@@ -56,6 +54,7 @@
 import android.net.thread.utils.FullThreadDevice;
 import android.net.thread.utils.OtDaemonController;
 import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule;
+import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.RequiresSimulationThreadDevice;
 import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.RequiresThreadFeature;
 import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadNetworkControllerWrapper;
 import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadStateListener;
@@ -63,13 +62,13 @@
 
 import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
 import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest;
-import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.DatagramPacket;
@@ -78,6 +77,7 @@
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.time.Duration;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
 /** Tests for E2E Android Thread integration with ot-daemon, ConnectivityService, etc.. */
 @LargeTest
 @RequiresThreadFeature
-@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
 public class ThreadIntegrationTest {
     // The byte[] buffer size for UDP tests
     private static final int UDP_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
@@ -97,6 +97,9 @@
     // The maximum time for changes to be propagated to netdata.
     private static final Duration NET_DATA_UPDATE_TIMEOUT = Duration.ofSeconds(1);
 
+    // The maximum time for changes in netdata to be propagated to link properties.
+    private static final Duration LINK_PROPERTIES_UPDATE_TIMEOUT = Duration.ofSeconds(1);
+
     private static final Duration NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT = Duration.ofSeconds(10);
 
     // A valid Thread Active Operational Dataset generated from OpenThread CLI "dataset init new".
@@ -109,8 +112,6 @@
                                     + "B9D351B40C0402A0FFF8");
     private static final ActiveOperationalDataset DEFAULT_DATASET =
             ActiveOperationalDataset.fromThreadTlvs(DEFAULT_DATASET_TLVS);
-    private static final ThreadConfiguration DEFAULT_CONFIG =
-            new ThreadConfiguration.Builder().build();
 
     private static final Inet6Address GROUP_ADDR_ALL_ROUTERS =
             (Inet6Address) InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("ff02::2");
@@ -128,11 +129,28 @@
     private OtDaemonController mOtCtl;
     private FullThreadDevice mFtd;
 
+    public final boolean mIsBorderRouterEnabled;
+    private final ThreadConfiguration mConfig;
+
+    @Parameterized.Parameters
+    public static Collection configArguments() {
+        return Arrays.asList(new Object[][] {{false}, {true}});
+    }
+
+    public ThreadIntegrationTest(boolean isBorderRouterEnabled) {
+        mIsBorderRouterEnabled = isBorderRouterEnabled;
+        mConfig =
+                new ThreadConfiguration.Builder()
+                        .setBorderRouterEnabled(isBorderRouterEnabled)
+                        .build();
+    }
+
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         mExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
         mOtCtl = new OtDaemonController();
         mController.setEnabledAndWait(true);
+        mController.setConfigurationAndWait(mConfig);
         mController.leaveAndWait();
         mFtd = new FullThreadDevice(10 /* nodeId */);
     }
@@ -143,7 +161,6 @@
 
         mController.setTestNetworkAsUpstreamAndWait(null);
         mController.leaveAndWait();
-        mController.setConfigurationAndWait(DEFAULT_CONFIG);
 
         mFtd.destroy();
         mExecutor.shutdownNow();
@@ -163,6 +180,7 @@
     @Test
     public void otDaemonRestart_JoinedNetworkAndStopped_autoRejoinedAndTunIfStateConsistent()
             throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mController.getConfiguration().isBorderRouterEnabled());
         mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
 
         runShellCommand("stop ot-daemon");
@@ -228,6 +246,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    @RequiresSimulationThreadDevice
     public void udp_appStartEchoServer_endDeviceUdpEchoSuccess() throws Exception {
         // Topology:
         //   Test App ------ thread-wpan ------ End Device
@@ -287,6 +306,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    @RequiresSimulationThreadDevice
     public void edPingsMeshLocalAddresses_oneReplyPerRequest() throws Exception {
         mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
         startFtdChild(mFtd, DEFAULT_DATASET);
@@ -303,7 +323,6 @@
 
     @Test
     public void addPrefixToNetData_routeIsAddedToTunInterface() throws Exception {
-        ConnectivityManager cm = mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
         mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
 
         // Ftd child doesn't have the ability to add a prefix, so let BR itself add a prefix.
@@ -316,15 +335,11 @@
                 },
                 NET_DATA_UPDATE_TIMEOUT);
 
-        LinkProperties lp = cm.getLinkProperties(getThreadNetwork(CALLBACK_TIMEOUT));
-        assertThat(lp).isNotNull();
-        assertThat(lp.getRoutes().stream().anyMatch(r -> r.matches(TEST_NO_SLAAC_PREFIX_ADDRESS)))
-                .isTrue();
+        assertRouteAddedOrRemovedInLinkProperties(true /* isAdded */, TEST_NO_SLAAC_PREFIX_ADDRESS);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void removePrefixFromNetData_routeIsRemovedFromTunInterface() throws Exception {
-        ConnectivityManager cm = mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
         mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
         mOtCtl.executeCommand("prefix add " + TEST_NO_SLAAC_PREFIX + " pros med");
         mOtCtl.executeCommand("netdata register");
@@ -338,15 +353,12 @@
                 },
                 NET_DATA_UPDATE_TIMEOUT);
 
-        LinkProperties lp = cm.getLinkProperties(getThreadNetwork(CALLBACK_TIMEOUT));
-        assertThat(lp).isNotNull();
-        assertThat(lp.getRoutes().stream().anyMatch(r -> r.matches(TEST_NO_SLAAC_PREFIX_ADDRESS)))
-                .isFalse();
+        assertRouteAddedOrRemovedInLinkProperties(
+                false /* isAdded */, TEST_NO_SLAAC_PREFIX_ADDRESS);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void toggleThreadNetwork_routeFromPreviousNetDataIsRemoved() throws Exception {
-        ConnectivityManager cm = mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
         mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
         mOtCtl.executeCommand("prefix add " + TEST_NO_SLAAC_PREFIX + " pros med");
         mOtCtl.executeCommand("netdata register");
@@ -354,28 +366,20 @@
         mController.leaveAndWait();
         mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
 
-        LinkProperties lp = cm.getLinkProperties(getThreadNetwork(CALLBACK_TIMEOUT));
-        assertThat(lp).isNotNull();
-        assertThat(lp.getRoutes().stream().anyMatch(r -> r.matches(TEST_NO_SLAAC_PREFIX_ADDRESS)))
-                .isFalse();
+        assertRouteAddedOrRemovedInLinkProperties(
+                false /* isAdded */, TEST_NO_SLAAC_PREFIX_ADDRESS);
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void setConfiguration_disableBorderRouter_noBrfunctionsEnabled() throws Exception {
-        NetworkRequest request =
-                new NetworkRequest.Builder()
-                        .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_THREAD)
-                        .build();
+    @RequiresSimulationThreadDevice
+    public void setConfiguration_disableBorderRouter_borderRoutingDisabled() throws Exception {
         startFtdLeader(mFtd, DEFAULT_DATASET);
 
         mController.setConfigurationAndWait(
                 new ThreadConfiguration.Builder().setBorderRouterEnabled(false).build());
         mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
-        NetworkCapabilities caps = registerNetworkCallbackAndWait(request);
 
-        assertThat(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK)).isFalse();
         assertThat(mOtCtl.getBorderRoutingState()).ignoringCase().isEqualTo("disabled");
-        assertThat(mOtCtl.getSrpServerState()).ignoringCase().isNotEqualTo("disabled");
         // TODO: b/376217403 - enables / disables Border Agent at runtime
     }
 
@@ -445,4 +449,23 @@
     private void assertTunInterfaceMemberOfGroup(Inet6Address address) throws Exception {
         waitFor(() -> isInMulticastGroup(TUN_IF_NAME, address), TUN_ADDR_UPDATE_TIMEOUT);
     }
+
+    private void assertRouteAddedOrRemovedInLinkProperties(boolean isAdded, InetAddress addr)
+            throws Exception {
+        ConnectivityManager cm = mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
+
+        waitFor(
+                () -> {
+                    try {
+                        LinkProperties lp =
+                                cm.getLinkProperties(getThreadNetwork(CALLBACK_TIMEOUT));
+                        return lp != null
+                                && isAdded
+                                        == lp.getRoutes().stream().anyMatch(r -> r.matches(addr));
+                    } catch (Exception e) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                },
+                LINK_PROPERTIES_UPDATE_TIMEOUT);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommandTest.java b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommandTest.java
index dcccbf1..804a332 100644
--- a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommandTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkShellCommandTest.java
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 import android.net.thread.utils.FullThreadDevice;
 import android.net.thread.utils.OtDaemonController;
 import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule;
+import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.RequiresSimulationThreadDevice;
 import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.RequiresThreadFeature;
 import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadNetworkControllerWrapper;
 
@@ -167,6 +168,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    @RequiresSimulationThreadDevice
     public void handleOtCtlCommand_pingFtd_getValidResponse() throws Exception {
         mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
         startFtdChild(mFtd, DEFAULT_DATASET);
diff --git a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/FullThreadDevice.java b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/FullThreadDevice.java
index 38961a3..ed63fd0 100644
--- a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/FullThreadDevice.java
+++ b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/FullThreadDevice.java
@@ -239,6 +239,12 @@
         executeCommand("udp send %s %d %s", serverAddr.getHostAddress(), serverPort, message);
     }
 
+    /** Sets `true` to enable SRP server on this device. */
+    public void setSrpServerEnabled(boolean enabled) {
+        String cmd = enabled ? "enable" : "disable";
+        executeCommand("srp server " + cmd);
+    }
+
     /** Enables the SRP client and run in autostart mode. */
     public void autoStartSrpClient() {
         executeCommand("srp client autostart enable");
diff --git a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/IntegrationTestUtils.kt b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/IntegrationTestUtils.kt
index f00c9cd..773167c 100644
--- a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/IntegrationTestUtils.kt
+++ b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/IntegrationTestUtils.kt
@@ -583,6 +583,17 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Let the FTD join the specified Thread network and wait for it becomes a Child or Router.
+     */
+    @JvmStatic
+    @Throws(Exception::class)
+    fun joinNetworkAndWait(ftd: FullThreadDevice, dataset: ActiveOperationalDataset) {
+        ftd.factoryReset()
+        ftd.joinNetwork(dataset)
+        ftd.waitForStateAnyOf(listOf("router", "child"), JOIN_TIMEOUT)
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Let the FTD join the specified Thread network and wait for border routing to be available.
      *
      * @return the OMR address
@@ -613,6 +624,21 @@
         controller.joinAndWait(dataset);
     }
 
+    /** Enables Border Router and joins the specified Thread network. */
+    @JvmStatic
+    fun enableBorderRouterAndJoinNetwork(dataset: ActiveOperationalDataset) {
+        val context: Context = requireNotNull(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext());
+        val controller = requireNotNull(ThreadNetworkControllerWrapper.newInstance(context));
+
+        // TODO: b/323301831 - This is a workaround to avoid unnecessary delay to re-form a network
+        controller.leaveAndWait();
+
+        controller.setEnabledAndWait(true);
+        val config = ThreadConfiguration.Builder().setBorderRouterEnabled(true).build();
+        controller.setConfigurationAndWait(config);
+        controller.joinAndWait(dataset);
+    }
+
     /** Leaves the Thread network and disables Thread. */
     @JvmStatic
     fun leaveNetworkAndDisableThread() {
diff --git a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/ThreadNetworkControllerWrapper.java b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/ThreadNetworkControllerWrapper.java
index b6114f3..c4150cb 100644
--- a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/ThreadNetworkControllerWrapper.java
+++ b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/ThreadNetworkControllerWrapper.java
@@ -233,7 +233,10 @@
     public void setNat64EnabledAndWait(boolean enabled) throws Exception {
         final ThreadConfiguration config = getConfiguration();
         final ThreadConfiguration newConfig =
-                new ThreadConfiguration.Builder(config).setNat64Enabled(enabled).build();
+                new ThreadConfiguration.Builder(config)
+                        .setBorderRouterEnabled(true)
+                        .setNat64Enabled(enabled)
+                        .build();
         setConfigurationAndWait(newConfig);
     }
 
diff --git a/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerServiceTest.java b/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerServiceTest.java
index bc8da8b..95ebda5 100644
--- a/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerServiceTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerServiceTest.java
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 import static android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkManager.PERMISSION_THREAD_NETWORK_TESTING;
 
 import static com.android.server.thread.ThreadNetworkCountryCode.DEFAULT_COUNTRY_CODE;
+import static com.android.server.thread.ThreadPersistentSettings.KEY_THREAD_ENABLED;
 import static com.android.server.thread.openthread.IOtDaemon.ErrorCode.OT_ERROR_INVALID_STATE;
 import static com.android.testutils.TestPermissionUtil.runAsShell;
 
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
@@ -93,7 +95,6 @@
 
 import androidx.test.annotation.UiThreadTest;
 import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
-import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 
 import com.android.connectivity.resources.R;
@@ -112,6 +113,7 @@
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.rules.TemporaryFolder;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
 import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
 import org.mockito.Captor;
 import org.mockito.InOrder;
@@ -124,6 +126,8 @@
 import java.time.DateTimeException;
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.time.ZoneId;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
@@ -132,7 +136,7 @@
 
 /** Unit tests for {@link ThreadNetworkControllerService}. */
 @SmallTest
-@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
 // This test doesn't really need to run on the UI thread, but @Before and @Test annotated methods
 // need to run in the same thread because there are code in {@code ThreadNetworkControllerService}
 // checking that all its methods are running in the thread of the handler it's using. This is due
@@ -200,6 +204,17 @@
     @Rule(order = 1)
     public final TemporaryFolder tempFolder = new TemporaryFolder();
 
+    private final boolean mIsBorderRouterEnabled;
+
+    @Parameterized.Parameters
+    public static Collection configArguments() {
+        return Arrays.asList(new Object[][] {{false}, {true}});
+    }
+
+    public ThreadNetworkControllerServiceTest(boolean isBorderRouterEnabled) {
+        mIsBorderRouterEnabled = isBorderRouterEnabled;
+    }
+
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
@@ -231,6 +246,8 @@
 
         when(mConnectivityResources.get()).thenReturn(mResources);
         when(mResources.getBoolean(eq(R.bool.config_thread_default_enabled))).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mResources.getBoolean(eq(R.bool.config_thread_border_router_default_enabled)))
+                .thenReturn(mIsBorderRouterEnabled);
         when(mResources.getBoolean(
                         eq(R.bool.config_thread_srp_server_wait_for_border_routing_enabled)))
                 .thenReturn(true);
@@ -564,7 +581,7 @@
         mTestLooper.dispatchAll();
 
         assertThat(mFakeOtDaemon.getEnabledState()).isEqualTo(STATE_DISABLED);
-        assertThat(mPersistentSettings.get(ThreadPersistentSettings.THREAD_ENABLED)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mPersistentSettings.get(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED)).isTrue();
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -920,7 +937,9 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void initialize_upstreamNetworkRequestHasCertainTransportTypesAndCapabilities() {
+    public void initialize_borderRouterEnabled_upstreamNetworkRequestHasExpectedTransportAndCaps() {
+        assumeTrue(mIsBorderRouterEnabled);
+
         mService.initialize();
         mTestLooper.dispatchAll();
 
@@ -999,7 +1018,8 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void activateEphemeralKeyMode_succeed() throws Exception {
+    public void activateEphemeralKeyMode_borderRouterEnabled_succeed() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mIsBorderRouterEnabled);
         mService.initialize();
         final IOperationReceiver mockReceiver = mock(IOperationReceiver.class);
 
@@ -1010,7 +1030,8 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void deactivateEphemeralKeyMode_succeed() throws Exception {
+    public void deactivateEphemeralKeyMode_borderRouterEnabled_succeed() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(mIsBorderRouterEnabled);
         mService.initialize();
         final IOperationReceiver mockReceiver = mock(IOperationReceiver.class);
 
diff --git a/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkCountryCodeTest.java b/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkCountryCodeTest.java
index ca9741d..139f4c8 100644
--- a/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkCountryCodeTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadNetworkCountryCodeTest.java
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 import static android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkException.ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
 
 import static com.android.server.thread.ThreadNetworkCountryCode.DEFAULT_COUNTRY_CODE;
-import static com.android.server.thread.ThreadPersistentSettings.THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE;
+import static com.android.server.thread.ThreadPersistentSettings.KEY_COUNTRY_CODE;
 
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void settingsCountryCode_settingsCountryCodeIsActive_settingsCountryCodeIsUsed() {
-        when(mPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE)).thenReturn(TEST_COUNTRY_CODE_CN);
+        when(mPersistentSettings.get(KEY_COUNTRY_CODE)).thenReturn(TEST_COUNTRY_CODE_CN);
         mThreadNetworkCountryCode.initialize();
 
         assertThat(mThreadNetworkCountryCode.getCountryCode()).isEqualTo(TEST_COUNTRY_CODE_CN);
diff --git a/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadPersistentSettingsTest.java b/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadPersistentSettingsTest.java
index ba489d9..15f3d0b 100644
--- a/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadPersistentSettingsTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/thread/ThreadPersistentSettingsTest.java
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
 
 package com.android.server.thread;
 
-import static com.android.server.thread.ThreadPersistentSettings.THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE;
-import static com.android.server.thread.ThreadPersistentSettings.THREAD_ENABLED;
+import static com.android.server.thread.ThreadPersistentSettings.KEY_COUNTRY_CODE;
+import static com.android.server.thread.ThreadPersistentSettings.KEY_THREAD_ENABLED;
 
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 
 import com.android.connectivity.resources.R;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityResources;
+import com.android.server.thread.ThreadPersistentSettings.Key;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
@@ -83,68 +84,81 @@
 
     @Test
     public void initialize_readsFromFile() throws Exception {
-        byte[] data = createXmlForParsing(THREAD_ENABLED.key, false);
+        byte[] data = createXmlForParsing(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED, false);
         setupAtomicFileForRead(data);
 
         mThreadPersistentSettings.initialize();
 
-        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_ENABLED)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED)).isFalse();
     }
 
     @Test
     public void initialize_ThreadDisabledInResources_returnsThreadDisabled() throws Exception {
         when(mResources.getBoolean(eq(R.bool.config_thread_default_enabled))).thenReturn(false);
-        setupAtomicFileForRead(new byte[0]);
+        mThreadPersistentSettings =
+                new ThreadPersistentSettings(mAtomicFile, mConnectivityResources);
 
         mThreadPersistentSettings.initialize();
 
-        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_ENABLED)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void initialize_ThreadEnabledInResources_returnsThreadEnabled() throws Exception {
+        when(mResources.getBoolean(eq(R.bool.config_thread_default_enabled))).thenReturn(true);
+        mThreadPersistentSettings =
+                new ThreadPersistentSettings(mAtomicFile, mConnectivityResources);
+
+        mThreadPersistentSettings.initialize();
+
+        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED)).isTrue();
     }
 
     @Test
     public void initialize_ThreadDisabledInResourcesButEnabledInXml_returnsThreadEnabled()
             throws Exception {
         when(mResources.getBoolean(eq(R.bool.config_thread_default_enabled))).thenReturn(false);
-        byte[] data = createXmlForParsing(THREAD_ENABLED.key, true);
-        setupAtomicFileForRead(data);
+        setupAtomicFileForRead(createXmlForParsing(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED, true));
+        mThreadPersistentSettings =
+                new ThreadPersistentSettings(mAtomicFile, mConnectivityResources);
 
         mThreadPersistentSettings.initialize();
 
-        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_ENABLED)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED)).isTrue();
     }
 
     @Test
     public void put_ThreadFeatureEnabledTrue_returnsTrue() throws Exception {
-        mThreadPersistentSettings.put(THREAD_ENABLED.key, true);
+        mThreadPersistentSettings.put(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED, true);
 
-        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_ENABLED)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED)).isTrue();
     }
 
     @Test
     public void put_ThreadFeatureEnabledFalse_returnsFalse() throws Exception {
-        mThreadPersistentSettings.put(THREAD_ENABLED.key, false);
+        mThreadPersistentSettings.put(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED, false);
 
-        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_ENABLED)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED)).isFalse();
         mThreadPersistentSettings.initialize();
-        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_ENABLED)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(KEY_THREAD_ENABLED)).isFalse();
     }
 
     @Test
     public void put_ThreadCountryCodeString_returnsString() throws Exception {
-        mThreadPersistentSettings.put(THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE.key, TEST_COUNTRY_CODE);
+        mThreadPersistentSettings.put(KEY_COUNTRY_CODE, TEST_COUNTRY_CODE);
 
-        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE)).isEqualTo(TEST_COUNTRY_CODE);
+        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(KEY_COUNTRY_CODE)).isEqualTo(TEST_COUNTRY_CODE);
         mThreadPersistentSettings.initialize();
-        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE)).isEqualTo(TEST_COUNTRY_CODE);
+        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(KEY_COUNTRY_CODE)).isEqualTo(TEST_COUNTRY_CODE);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void put_ThreadCountryCodeNull_returnsNull() throws Exception {
-        mThreadPersistentSettings.put(THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE.key, null);
+        mThreadPersistentSettings.put(KEY_COUNTRY_CODE, null);
 
-        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE)).isNull();
+        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(KEY_COUNTRY_CODE)).isNull();
         mThreadPersistentSettings.initialize();
-        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(THREAD_COUNTRY_CODE)).isNull();
+        assertThat(mThreadPersistentSettings.get(KEY_COUNTRY_CODE)).isNull();
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -202,10 +216,10 @@
         return new AtomicFile(mTemporaryFolder.newFile());
     }
 
-    private byte[] createXmlForParsing(String key, Boolean value) throws Exception {
+    private byte[] createXmlForParsing(Key<Boolean> key, Boolean value) throws Exception {
         PersistableBundle bundle = new PersistableBundle();
         ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
-        bundle.putBoolean(key, value);
+        bundle.putBoolean(key.key, value);
         bundle.writeToStream(outputStream);
         return outputStream.toByteArray();
     }