diff --git a/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java b/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
index c496ff4..1fbfa40 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
@@ -2731,7 +2731,10 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
-    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL)
+    @RequiresPermission(anyOf = {
+            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
+            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD,
+            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK})
     @SystemApi
     public void setAirplaneMode(boolean enable) {
         try {
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index d9394e8..b750d79 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -1679,6 +1679,16 @@
                 "ConnectivityService");
     }
 
+    private void enforceAnyPermissionOf(String... permissions) {
+        for (String permission : permissions) {
+            if (mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(permission) == PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        throw new SecurityException(
+            "Requires one of the following permissions: " + String.join(", ", permissions) + ".");
+    }
+
     private void enforceInternetPermission() {
         mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                 android.Manifest.permission.INTERNET,
@@ -1723,6 +1733,13 @@
                 "ConnectivityService");
     }
 
+    private void enforceNetworkStackSettingsOrSetup() {
+        enforceAnyPermissionOf(
+            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
+            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD,
+            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK);
+    }
+
     private boolean checkNetworkStackPermission() {
         return PERMISSION_GRANTED == mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK);
@@ -3984,7 +4001,7 @@
 
     @Override
     public void setAirplaneMode(boolean enable) {
-        enforceConnectivityInternalPermission();
+        enforceNetworkStackSettingsOrSetup();
         final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
         try {
             final ContentResolver cr = mContext.getContentResolver();
@@ -4765,15 +4782,14 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private String getNetworkPermission(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
-        // TODO: make these permission strings AIDL constants instead.
+    private int getNetworkPermission(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
         if (!nc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED)) {
-            return NetworkManagementService.PERMISSION_SYSTEM;
+            return INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM;
         }
         if (!nc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND)) {
-            return NetworkManagementService.PERMISSION_NETWORK;
+            return INetd.PERMISSION_NETWORK;
         }
-        return null;
+        return INetd.PERMISSION_NONE;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -4846,9 +4862,9 @@
 
         if (Objects.equals(nai.networkCapabilities, newNc)) return;
 
-        final String oldPermission = getNetworkPermission(nai.networkCapabilities);
-        final String newPermission = getNetworkPermission(newNc);
-        if (!Objects.equals(oldPermission, newPermission) && nai.created && !nai.isVPN()) {
+        final int oldPermission = getNetworkPermission(nai.networkCapabilities);
+        final int newPermission = getNetworkPermission(newNc);
+        if (oldPermission != newPermission && nai.created && !nai.isVPN()) {
             try {
                 mNMS.setNetworkPermission(nai.network.netId, newPermission);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {