[automerger skipped] Cleanup modifyRoutes am: ac5e4cf025 -s ours

am skip reason: Merged-In Ief0a79883bcc2c5493807c548cb71ef655abed23 with SHA-1 6473aede2e is already in history

Original change: https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/packages/modules/Connectivity/+/2786323

Change-Id: I6ee4dc699e3526b950bbebe25178602db3206e12
Signed-off-by: Automerger Merge Worker <android-build-automerger-merge-worker@system.gserviceaccount.com>
diff --git a/Tethering/apex/Android.bp b/Tethering/apex/Android.bp
index cd8eac8..c2ffdaf 100644
--- a/Tethering/apex/Android.bp
+++ b/Tethering/apex/Android.bp
@@ -22,23 +22,23 @@
 // different value depending on the branch.
 java_defaults {
     name: "ConnectivityNextEnableDefaults",
-    enabled: true,
+    enabled: false,
 }
 java_defaults {
     name: "NetworkStackApiShimSettingsForCurrentBranch",
     // API shims to include in the networking modules built from the branch. Branches that disable
     // the "next" targets must use stable shims (latest stable API level) instead of current shims
     // (X_current API level).
-    static_libs: ["NetworkStackApiCurrentShims"],
+    static_libs: ["NetworkStackApiStableShims"],
 }
 apex_defaults {
     name: "ConnectivityApexDefaults",
     // Tethering app to include in the AOSP apex. Branches that disable the "next" targets may use
     // a stable tethering app instead, but will generally override the AOSP apex to use updatable
     // package names and keys, so that apex will be unused anyway.
-    apps: ["TetheringNext"], // Replace to "Tethering" if ConnectivityNextEnableDefaults is false.
+    apps: ["Tethering"], // Replace to "Tethering" if ConnectivityNextEnableDefaults is false.
 }
-enable_tethering_next_apex = true
+enable_tethering_next_apex = false
 // This is a placeholder comment to avoid merge conflicts
 // as the above target may have different "enabled" values
 // depending on the branch
diff --git a/Tethering/res/values-ky/strings.xml b/Tethering/res/values-ky/strings.xml
index 35e6453..4696a72 100644
--- a/Tethering/res/values-ky/strings.xml
+++ b/Tethering/res/values-ky/strings.xml
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
     <string name="tethered_notification_message" msgid="2338023450330652098">"Тууралоо үчүн басыңыз."</string>
     <string name="disable_tether_notification_title" msgid="3183576627492925522">"Модем режими өчүк"</string>
     <string name="disable_tether_notification_message" msgid="6655882039707534929">"Кеңири маалымат үчүн администраторуңузга кайрылыңыз"</string>
-    <string name="notification_channel_tethering_status" msgid="7030733422705019001">"Хотспот жана байланыш түйүнүүн статусу"</string>
+    <string name="notification_channel_tethering_status" msgid="7030733422705019001">"Байланыш түйүнү жана байланыш түйүнүүн статусу"</string>
     <string name="no_upstream_notification_title" msgid="2052743091868702475"></string>
     <string name="no_upstream_notification_message" msgid="6932020551635470134"></string>
     <string name="no_upstream_notification_disable_button" msgid="8836277213343697023"></string>
diff --git a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
index 2a25a86..c78893a 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 
 import static com.android.net.module.util.Inet4AddressUtils.intToInet4AddressHTH;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.RFC7421_PREFIX_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetheringConfiguration.USE_SYNC_SM;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.UpstreamNetworkState.isVcnInterface;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.PrefixUtils.asIpPrefix;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.TetheringMessageBase.BASE_IPSERVER;
@@ -56,7 +57,6 @@
 import android.net.dhcp.IDhcpServer;
 import android.net.ip.RouterAdvertisementDaemon.RaParams;
 import android.os.Handler;
-import android.os.Looper;
 import android.os.Message;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.util.MessageUtils;
 import com.android.internal.util.State;
-import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.InterfaceParams;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetdUtils;
@@ -85,12 +85,15 @@
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.metrics.TetheringMetrics;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.InterfaceSet;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.PrefixUtils;
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.StateMachineShim;
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.SyncStateMachine.StateInfo;
 
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -104,7 +107,7 @@
  *
  * @hide
  */
-public class IpServer extends StateMachine {
+public class IpServer extends StateMachineShim {
     public static final int STATE_UNAVAILABLE = 0;
     public static final int STATE_AVAILABLE   = 1;
     public static final int STATE_TETHERED    = 2;
@@ -297,6 +300,8 @@
 
     private int mLastIPv6UpstreamIfindex = 0;
     private boolean mUpstreamSupportsBpf = false;
+    @NonNull
+    private Set<IpPrefix> mLastIPv6UpstreamPrefixes = Collections.emptySet();
 
     private class MyNeighborEventConsumer implements IpNeighborMonitor.NeighborEventConsumer {
         public void accept(NeighborEvent e) {
@@ -309,16 +314,18 @@
     private LinkAddress mIpv4Address;
 
     private final TetheringMetrics mTetheringMetrics;
+    private final Handler mHandler;
 
     // TODO: Add a dependency object to pass the data members or variables from the tethering
     // object. It helps to reduce the arguments of the constructor.
     public IpServer(
-            String ifaceName, Looper looper, int interfaceType, SharedLog log,
+            String ifaceName, Handler handler, int interfaceType, SharedLog log,
             INetd netd, @NonNull BpfCoordinator bpfCoordinator,
             @Nullable LateSdk<RoutingCoordinatorManager> routingCoordinator, Callback callback,
             TetheringConfiguration config, PrivateAddressCoordinator addressCoordinator,
             TetheringMetrics tetheringMetrics, Dependencies deps) {
-        super(ifaceName, looper);
+        super(ifaceName, USE_SYNC_SM ? null : handler.getLooper());
+        mHandler = handler;
         mLog = log.forSubComponent(ifaceName);
         mNetd = netd;
         mBpfCoordinator = bpfCoordinator;
@@ -351,13 +358,22 @@
         mTetheredState = new TetheredState();
         mUnavailableState = new UnavailableState();
         mWaitingForRestartState = new WaitingForRestartState();
-        addState(mInitialState);
-        addState(mLocalHotspotState);
-        addState(mTetheredState);
-        addState(mWaitingForRestartState, mTetheredState);
-        addState(mUnavailableState);
+        final ArrayList allStates = new ArrayList<StateInfo>();
+        allStates.add(new StateInfo(mInitialState, null));
+        allStates.add(new StateInfo(mLocalHotspotState, null));
+        allStates.add(new StateInfo(mTetheredState, null));
+        allStates.add(new StateInfo(mWaitingForRestartState, mTetheredState));
+        allStates.add(new StateInfo(mUnavailableState, null));
+        addAllStates(allStates);
+    }
 
-        setInitialState(mInitialState);
+    private Handler getHandler() {
+        return mHandler;
+    }
+
+    /** Start IpServer state machine. */
+    public void start() {
+        start(mInitialState);
     }
 
     /** Interface name which IpServer served.*/
@@ -770,13 +786,8 @@
 
             if (params.hasDefaultRoute) params.hopLimit = getHopLimit(upstreamIface, ttlAdjustment);
 
-            for (LinkAddress linkAddr : v6only.getLinkAddresses()) {
-                if (linkAddr.getPrefixLength() != RFC7421_PREFIX_LENGTH) continue;
-
-                final IpPrefix prefix = new IpPrefix(
-                        linkAddr.getAddress(), linkAddr.getPrefixLength());
-                params.prefixes.add(prefix);
-
+            params.prefixes = getTetherableIpv6Prefixes(v6only);
+            for (IpPrefix prefix : params.prefixes) {
                 final Inet6Address dnsServer = getLocalDnsIpFor(prefix);
                 if (dnsServer != null) {
                     params.dnses.add(dnsServer);
@@ -796,9 +807,12 @@
 
         // Not support BPF on virtual upstream interface
         final boolean upstreamSupportsBpf = upstreamIface != null && !isVcnInterface(upstreamIface);
-        updateIpv6ForwardingRules(mLastIPv6UpstreamIfindex, upstreamIfIndex, upstreamSupportsBpf);
+        final Set<IpPrefix> upstreamPrefixes = params != null ? params.prefixes : Set.of();
+        updateIpv6ForwardingRules(mLastIPv6UpstreamIfindex, mLastIPv6UpstreamPrefixes,
+                upstreamIfIndex, upstreamPrefixes, upstreamSupportsBpf);
         mLastIPv6LinkProperties = v6only;
         mLastIPv6UpstreamIfindex = upstreamIfIndex;
+        mLastIPv6UpstreamPrefixes = upstreamPrefixes;
         mUpstreamSupportsBpf = upstreamSupportsBpf;
         if (mDadProxy != null) {
             mDadProxy.setUpstreamIface(upstreamIfaceParams);
@@ -947,14 +961,17 @@
         return supportsBpf ? ifindex : NO_UPSTREAM;
     }
 
-    // Handles updates to IPv6 forwarding rules if the upstream changes.
-    private void updateIpv6ForwardingRules(int prevUpstreamIfindex, int upstreamIfindex,
-            boolean upstreamSupportsBpf) {
+    // Handles updates to IPv6 forwarding rules if the upstream or its prefixes change.
+    private void updateIpv6ForwardingRules(int prevUpstreamIfindex,
+            @NonNull Set<IpPrefix> prevUpstreamPrefixes, int upstreamIfindex,
+            @NonNull Set<IpPrefix> upstreamPrefixes, boolean upstreamSupportsBpf) {
         // If the upstream interface has changed, remove all rules and re-add them with the new
         // upstream interface. If upstream is a virtual network, treated as no upstream.
-        if (prevUpstreamIfindex != upstreamIfindex) {
+        if (prevUpstreamIfindex != upstreamIfindex
+                || !prevUpstreamPrefixes.equals(upstreamPrefixes)) {
             mBpfCoordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(this, this.mInterfaceParams,
-                    getInterfaceIndexForRule(upstreamIfindex, upstreamSupportsBpf));
+                    getInterfaceIndexForRule(upstreamIfindex, upstreamSupportsBpf),
+                    upstreamPrefixes);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1359,7 +1376,7 @@
             for (String ifname : mUpstreamIfaceSet.ifnames) cleanupUpstreamInterface(ifname);
             mUpstreamIfaceSet = null;
             mBpfCoordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
-                    IpServer.this, IpServer.this.mInterfaceParams, NO_UPSTREAM);
+                    IpServer.this, IpServer.this.mInterfaceParams, NO_UPSTREAM, Set.of());
         }
 
         private void cleanupUpstreamInterface(String upstreamIface) {
@@ -1536,4 +1553,21 @@
         }
         return random;
     }
+
+    /** Get IPv6 prefixes from LinkProperties */
+    @NonNull
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static HashSet<IpPrefix> getTetherableIpv6Prefixes(@NonNull Collection<LinkAddress> addrs) {
+        final HashSet<IpPrefix> prefixes = new HashSet<>();
+        for (LinkAddress linkAddr : addrs) {
+            if (linkAddr.getPrefixLength() != RFC7421_PREFIX_LENGTH) continue;
+            prefixes.add(new IpPrefix(linkAddr.getAddress(), RFC7421_PREFIX_LENGTH));
+        }
+        return prefixes;
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    private HashSet<IpPrefix> getTetherableIpv6Prefixes(@NonNull LinkProperties lp) {
+        return getTetherableIpv6Prefixes(lp.getLinkAddresses());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinator.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinator.java
index 46c815f..2b14a42 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinator.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinator.java
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IPV6;
 
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.IPV4_MIN_MTU;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.IPV6_ADDR_LEN;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.ip.ConntrackMonitor.ConntrackEvent;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfUtils.DOWNSTREAM;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfUtils.UPSTREAM;
@@ -90,7 +91,6 @@
 import java.net.SocketException;
 import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-import java.nio.ByteOrder;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
@@ -123,7 +123,6 @@
     private static final int DUMP_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000;
     private static final MacAddress NULL_MAC_ADDRESS = MacAddress.fromString(
             "00:00:00:00:00:00");
-    private static final IpPrefix IPV6_ZERO_PREFIX64 = new IpPrefix("::/64");
     private static final String TETHER_DOWNSTREAM4_MAP_PATH = makeMapPath(DOWNSTREAM, 4);
     private static final String TETHER_UPSTREAM4_MAP_PATH = makeMapPath(UPSTREAM, 4);
     private static final String TETHER_DOWNSTREAM6_FS_PATH = makeMapPath(DOWNSTREAM, 6);
@@ -768,7 +767,8 @@
      * Note that this can be only called on handler thread.
      */
     public void updateAllIpv6Rules(@NonNull final IpServer ipServer,
-            final InterfaceParams interfaceParams, int newUpstreamIfindex) {
+            final InterfaceParams interfaceParams, int newUpstreamIfindex,
+            @NonNull final Set<IpPrefix> newUpstreamPrefixes) {
         if (!isUsingBpf()) return;
 
         // Remove IPv6 downstream rules. Remove the old ones before adding the new rules, otherwise
@@ -791,9 +791,11 @@
 
         // Add new upstream rules.
         if (newUpstreamIfindex != 0 && interfaceParams != null && interfaceParams.macAddr != null) {
-            addIpv6UpstreamRule(ipServer, new Ipv6UpstreamRule(
-                    newUpstreamIfindex, interfaceParams.index, IPV6_ZERO_PREFIX64,
-                    interfaceParams.macAddr, NULL_MAC_ADDRESS, NULL_MAC_ADDRESS));
+            for (final IpPrefix ipPrefix : newUpstreamPrefixes) {
+                addIpv6UpstreamRule(ipServer, new Ipv6UpstreamRule(
+                        newUpstreamIfindex, interfaceParams.index, ipPrefix,
+                        interfaceParams.macAddr, NULL_MAC_ADDRESS, NULL_MAC_ADDRESS));
+            }
         }
 
         // Add updated downstream rules.
@@ -1256,10 +1258,24 @@
         pw.decreaseIndent();
     }
 
+    private IpPrefix longToPrefix(long ip64) {
+        final ByteBuffer prefixBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(IPV6_ADDR_LEN);
+        prefixBuffer.putLong(ip64);
+        IpPrefix sourcePrefix;
+        try {
+            sourcePrefix = new IpPrefix(InetAddress.getByAddress(prefixBuffer.array()), 64);
+        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+            // Cannot happen. InetAddress.getByAddress can only throw an exception if the byte array
+            // is the wrong length, but we allocate it with fixed length IPV6_ADDR_LEN.
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid IPv6 address");
+        }
+        return sourcePrefix;
+    }
+
     private String ipv6UpstreamRuleToString(TetherUpstream6Key key, Tether6Value value) {
-        return String.format("%d(%s) [%s] -> %d(%s) %04x [%s] [%s]",
-                key.iif, getIfName(key.iif), key.dstMac, value.oif, getIfName(value.oif),
-                value.ethProto, value.ethSrcMac, value.ethDstMac);
+        return String.format("%d(%s) [%s] [%s] -> %d(%s) %04x [%s] [%s]",
+                key.iif, getIfName(key.iif), key.dstMac, longToPrefix(key.src64), value.oif,
+                getIfName(value.oif), value.ethProto, value.ethSrcMac, value.ethDstMac);
     }
 
     private void dumpIpv6UpstreamRules(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
@@ -1309,8 +1325,8 @@
     // TODO: use dump utils with headerline and lambda which prints key and value to reduce
     // duplicate bpf map dump code.
     private void dumpBpfForwardingRulesIpv6(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
-        pw.println("IPv6 Upstream: iif(iface) [inDstMac] -> oif(iface) etherType [outSrcMac] "
-                + "[outDstMac]");
+        pw.println("IPv6 Upstream: iif(iface) [inDstMac] [sourcePrefix] -> oif(iface) etherType "
+                + "[outSrcMac] [outDstMac]");
         pw.increaseIndent();
         dumpIpv6UpstreamRules(pw);
         pw.decreaseIndent();
@@ -1554,8 +1570,7 @@
          */
         @NonNull
         public TetherUpstream6Key makeTetherUpstream6Key() {
-            byte[] prefixBytes = Arrays.copyOf(sourcePrefix.getRawAddress(), 8);
-            long prefix64 = ByteBuffer.wrap(prefixBytes).order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN).getLong();
+            long prefix64 = ByteBuffer.wrap(sourcePrefix.getRawAddress()).getLong();
             return new TetherUpstream6Key(downstreamIfindex, inDstMac, prefix64);
         }
 
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
index f52bed9..996ee11 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
@@ -1687,6 +1687,8 @@
         static final int EVENT_IFACE_UPDATE_LINKPROPERTIES      = BASE_MAIN_SM + 7;
         // Events from EntitlementManager to choose upstream again.
         static final int EVENT_UPSTREAM_PERMISSION_CHANGED      = BASE_MAIN_SM + 8;
+        // Internal request from IpServer to enable or disable downstream.
+        static final int EVENT_REQUEST_CHANGE_DOWNSTREAM        = BASE_MAIN_SM + 9;
         private final State mInitialState;
         private final State mTetherModeAliveState;
 
@@ -2186,6 +2188,12 @@
                         }
                         break;
                     }
+                    case EVENT_REQUEST_CHANGE_DOWNSTREAM: {
+                        final int tetheringType = message.arg1;
+                        final Boolean enabled = (Boolean) message.obj;
+                        enableTetheringInternal(tetheringType, enabled, null);
+                        break;
+                    }
                     default:
                         retValue = false;
                         break;
@@ -2743,7 +2751,8 @@
 
             @Override
             public void requestEnableTethering(int tetheringType, boolean enabled) {
-                enableTetheringInternal(tetheringType, enabled, null);
+                mTetherMainSM.sendMessage(TetherMainSM.EVENT_REQUEST_CHANGE_DOWNSTREAM,
+                        tetheringType, 0, enabled ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
             }
         };
     }
@@ -2841,7 +2850,7 @@
 
         mLog.i("adding IpServer for: " + iface);
         final TetherState tetherState = new TetherState(
-                new IpServer(iface, mLooper, interfaceType, mLog, mNetd, mBpfCoordinator,
+                new IpServer(iface, mHandler, interfaceType, mLog, mNetd, mBpfCoordinator,
                         mRoutingCoordinator, makeControlCallback(), mConfig,
                         mPrivateAddressCoordinator, mTetheringMetrics,
                         mDeps.getIpServerDependencies()), isNcm);
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfiguration.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfiguration.java
index 747cc20..502fee8 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfiguration.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfiguration.java
@@ -136,6 +136,9 @@
      */
     public static final int DEFAULT_TETHER_OFFLOAD_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 5000;
 
+    /** A flag for using synchronous or asynchronous state machine. */
+    public static final boolean USE_SYNC_SM = false;
+
     public final String[] tetherableUsbRegexs;
     public final String[] tetherableWifiRegexs;
     public final String[] tetherableWigigRegexs;
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/util/StateMachineShim.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/util/StateMachineShim.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc432f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/util/StateMachineShim.java
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.networkstack.tethering.util;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.os.Looper;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.internal.util.State;
+import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.SyncStateMachine.StateInfo;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** A wrapper to decide whether use synchronous state machine for tethering. */
+public class StateMachineShim {
+    // Exactly one of mAsyncSM or mSyncSM is non-null.
+    private final StateMachine mAsyncSM;
+    private final SyncStateMachine mSyncSM;
+
+    /**
+     * The Looper parameter is only needed for AsyncSM, so if looper is null, the shim will be
+     * created for SyncSM.
+     */
+    public StateMachineShim(final String name, @Nullable final Looper looper) {
+        this(name, looper, new Dependencies());
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public StateMachineShim(final String name, @Nullable final Looper looper,
+            final Dependencies deps) {
+        if (looper == null) {
+            mAsyncSM = null;
+            mSyncSM = deps.makeSyncStateMachine(name, Thread.currentThread());
+        } else {
+            mAsyncSM = deps.makeAsyncStateMachine(name, looper);
+            mSyncSM = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** A dependencies class which used for testing injection. */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static class Dependencies {
+        /** Create SyncSM instance, for injection. */
+        public SyncStateMachine makeSyncStateMachine(final String name, final Thread thread) {
+            return new SyncStateMachine(name, thread);
+        }
+
+        /** Create AsyncSM instance, for injection. */
+        public AsyncStateMachine makeAsyncStateMachine(final String name, final Looper looper) {
+            return new AsyncStateMachine(name, looper);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Start the state machine */
+    public void start(final State initialState) {
+        if (mSyncSM != null) {
+            mSyncSM.start(initialState);
+        } else {
+            mAsyncSM.setInitialState(initialState);
+            mAsyncSM.start();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Add states to state machine. */
+    public void addAllStates(final List<StateInfo> stateInfos) {
+        if (mSyncSM != null) {
+            mSyncSM.addAllStates(stateInfos);
+        } else {
+            for (final StateInfo info : stateInfos) {
+                mAsyncSM.addState(info.state, info.parent);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Transition to given state.
+     *
+     * SyncSM doesn't allow this be called during state transition (#enter() or #exit() methods),
+     * or multiple times while processing a single message.
+     */
+    public void transitionTo(final State state) {
+        if (mSyncSM != null) {
+            mSyncSM.transitionTo(state);
+        } else {
+            mAsyncSM.transitionTo(state);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Send message to state machine. */
+    public void sendMessage(int what) {
+        sendMessage(what, 0, 0, null);
+    }
+
+    /** Send message to state machine. */
+    public void sendMessage(int what, Object obj) {
+        sendMessage(what, 0, 0, obj);
+    }
+
+    /** Send message to state machine. */
+    public void sendMessage(int what, int arg1) {
+        sendMessage(what, arg1, 0, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Send message to state machine.
+     *
+     * If using asynchronous state machine, putting the message into looper's message queue.
+     * Tethering runs on single looper thread that ipServers and mainSM all share with same message
+     * queue. The enqueued message will be processed by asynchronous state machine when all the
+     * messages before such enqueued message are processed.
+     * If using synchronous state machine, the message is processed right away without putting into
+     * looper's message queue.
+     */
+    public void sendMessage(int what, int arg1, int arg2, Object obj) {
+        if (mSyncSM != null) {
+            mSyncSM.processMessage(what, arg1, arg2, obj);
+        } else {
+            mAsyncSM.sendMessage(what, arg1, arg2, obj);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Send message after delayMillis millisecond.
+     *
+     * This can only be used with async state machine, so this will throw if using sync state
+     * machine.
+     */
+    public void sendMessageDelayedToAsyncSM(final int what, final long delayMillis) {
+        if (mSyncSM != null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("sendMessageDelayed can only be used with async SM");
+        }
+
+        mAsyncSM.sendMessageDelayed(what, delayMillis);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Send self message.
+     * This can only be used with sync state machine, so this will throw if using async state
+     * machine.
+     */
+    public void sendSelfMessageToSyncSM(final int what, final Object obj) {
+        if (mSyncSM == null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("sendSelfMessage can only be used with sync SM");
+        }
+
+        mSyncSM.sendSelfMessage(what, 0, 0, obj);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An alias StateMahchine class with public construtor.
+     *
+     * Since StateMachine.java only provides protected construtor, adding a child class so that this
+     * shim could create StateMachine instance.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static class AsyncStateMachine extends StateMachine {
+        public AsyncStateMachine(final String name, final Looper looper) {
+            super(name, looper);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/ip/IpServerTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/ip/IpServerTest.java
index 15df3ba..bc970e4 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/ip/IpServerTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/ip/IpServerTest.java
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 import static android.net.ip.IpServer.STATE_LOCAL_ONLY;
 import static android.net.ip.IpServer.STATE_TETHERED;
 import static android.net.ip.IpServer.STATE_UNAVAILABLE;
+import static android.net.ip.IpServer.getTetherableIpv6Prefixes;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IPV6;
 
 import static com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel.isAtLeastT;
@@ -95,6 +96,8 @@
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.ArrayMap;
+import android.util.ArraySet;
 
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
@@ -145,12 +148,15 @@
 import org.mockito.InOrder;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+import org.mockito.verification.VerificationMode;
 
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
@@ -188,6 +194,18 @@
     private final LinkAddress mTestAddress = new LinkAddress("192.168.42.5/24");
     private final IpPrefix mBluetoothPrefix = new IpPrefix("192.168.44.0/24");
 
+    private static final Set<LinkAddress> NO_ADDRESSES = Set.of();
+    private static final Set<IpPrefix> NO_PREFIXES = Set.of();
+    private static final Set<LinkAddress> UPSTREAM_ADDRESSES =
+            Set.of(new LinkAddress("2001:db8:0:1234::168/64"));
+    private static final Set<IpPrefix> UPSTREAM_PREFIXES =
+            Set.of(new IpPrefix("2001:db8:0:1234::/64"));
+    private static final Set<LinkAddress> UPSTREAM_ADDRESSES2 = Set.of(
+            new LinkAddress("2001:db8:0:1234::168/64"),
+            new LinkAddress("2001:db8:0:abcd::168/64"));
+    private static final Set<IpPrefix> UPSTREAM_PREFIXES2 = Set.of(
+            new IpPrefix("2001:db8:0:1234::/64"), new IpPrefix("2001:db8:0:abcd::/64"));
+
     @Mock private INetd mNetd;
     @Mock private IpServer.Callback mCallback;
     @Mock private SharedLog mSharedLog;
@@ -215,6 +233,7 @@
     @Captor private ArgumentCaptor<DhcpServingParamsParcel> mDhcpParamsCaptor;
 
     private final TestLooper mLooper = new TestLooper();
+    private final Handler mHandler = new Handler(mLooper.getLooper());
     private final ArgumentCaptor<LinkProperties> mLinkPropertiesCaptor =
             ArgumentCaptor.forClass(LinkProperties.class);
     private IpServer mIpServer;
@@ -254,7 +273,7 @@
         // Recreate mBpfCoordinator again here because mTetherConfig has changed
         mBpfCoordinator = spy(new BpfCoordinator(mBpfDeps));
         mIpServer = new IpServer(
-                IFACE_NAME, mLooper.getLooper(), interfaceType, mSharedLog, mNetd, mBpfCoordinator,
+                IFACE_NAME, mHandler, interfaceType, mSharedLog, mNetd, mBpfCoordinator,
                 mRoutingCoordinatorManager, mCallback, mTetherConfig, mAddressCoordinator,
                 mTetheringMetrics, mDependencies);
         mIpServer.start();
@@ -270,24 +289,27 @@
 
     private void initTetheredStateMachine(int interfaceType, String upstreamIface)
             throws Exception {
-        initTetheredStateMachine(interfaceType, upstreamIface, false,
+        initTetheredStateMachine(interfaceType, upstreamIface, NO_ADDRESSES, false,
                 DEFAULT_USING_BPF_OFFLOAD);
     }
 
     private void initTetheredStateMachine(int interfaceType, String upstreamIface,
-            boolean usingLegacyDhcp, boolean usingBpfOffload) throws Exception {
+            Set<LinkAddress> upstreamAddresses, boolean usingLegacyDhcp, boolean usingBpfOffload)
+            throws Exception {
         initStateMachine(interfaceType, usingLegacyDhcp, usingBpfOffload);
         dispatchCommand(IpServer.CMD_TETHER_REQUESTED, STATE_TETHERED);
         if (upstreamIface != null) {
             LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
             lp.setInterfaceName(upstreamIface);
+            lp.setLinkAddresses(upstreamAddresses);
             dispatchTetherConnectionChanged(upstreamIface, lp, 0);
-            if (usingBpfOffload) {
+            if (usingBpfOffload && !lp.getLinkAddresses().isEmpty()) {
+                Set<IpPrefix> upstreamPrefixes = getTetherableIpv6Prefixes(lp.getLinkAddresses());
                 InterfaceParams interfaceParams = mDependencies.getInterfaceParams(upstreamIface);
                 assertNotNull("missing upstream interface: " + upstreamIface, interfaceParams);
                 verify(mBpfCoordinator).updateAllIpv6Rules(
-                        mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, interfaceParams.index);
-                verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null, interfaceParams.index);
+                        mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, interfaceParams.index, upstreamPrefixes);
+                verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null, interfaceParams.index, upstreamPrefixes);
             } else {
                 verifyNoUpstreamIpv6ForwardingChange(null);
             }
@@ -341,7 +363,7 @@
         mBpfDeps = new BpfCoordinator.Dependencies() {
                     @NonNull
                     public Handler getHandler() {
-                        return new Handler(mLooper.getLooper());
+                        return mHandler;
                     }
 
                     @NonNull
@@ -419,7 +441,7 @@
     public void startsOutAvailable() {
         when(mDependencies.getIpNeighborMonitor(any(), any(), any()))
                 .thenReturn(mIpNeighborMonitor);
-        mIpServer = new IpServer(IFACE_NAME, mLooper.getLooper(), TETHERING_BLUETOOTH, mSharedLog,
+        mIpServer = new IpServer(IFACE_NAME, mHandler, TETHERING_BLUETOOTH, mSharedLog,
                 mNetd, mBpfCoordinator, mRoutingCoordinatorManager, mCallback, mTetherConfig,
                 mAddressCoordinator, mTetheringMetrics, mDependencies);
         mIpServer.start();
@@ -663,10 +685,7 @@
         inOrder.verify(mNetd).ipfwdRemoveInterfaceForward(IFACE_NAME, UPSTREAM_IFACE);
         inOrder.verify(mNetd).tetherRemoveForward(IFACE_NAME, UPSTREAM_IFACE);
         inOrder.verify(mBpfCoordinator).updateAllIpv6Rules(
-                mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, NO_UPSTREAM);
-        if (!mBpfDeps.isAtLeastS()) {
-            inOrder.verify(mNetd).tetherOffloadGetAndClearStats(UPSTREAM_IFINDEX);
-        }
+                mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, NO_UPSTREAM, NO_PREFIXES);
         // When tethering stops, upstream interface is set to zero and thus clearing all upstream
         // rules. Downstream rules are needed to be cleared explicitly by calling
         // BpfCoordinator#clearAllIpv6Rules in TetheredState#exit.
@@ -856,8 +875,8 @@
 
     @Test
     public void doesNotStartDhcpServerIfDisabled() throws Exception {
-        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, true /* usingLegacyDhcp */,
-                DEFAULT_USING_BPF_OFFLOAD);
+        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, NO_ADDRESSES,
+                true /* usingLegacyDhcp */, DEFAULT_USING_BPF_OFFLOAD);
         dispatchTetherConnectionChanged(UPSTREAM_IFACE);
 
         verify(mDependencies, never()).makeDhcpServer(any(), any(), any());
@@ -962,11 +981,19 @@
                 TEST_IFACE_PARAMS.macAddr, ETH_P_IPV6, NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_MTU);
     }
 
+    private static long prefixToLong(IpPrefix prefix) {
+        return ByteBuffer.wrap(prefix.getRawAddress()).getLong();
+    }
+
     private <T> T verifyWithOrder(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, @NonNull T t) {
+        return verifyWithOrder(inOrder, t, times(1));
+    }
+
+    private <T> T verifyWithOrder(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, @NonNull T t, VerificationMode mode) {
         if (inOrder != null) {
-            return inOrder.verify(t);
+            return inOrder.verify(t, mode);
         } else {
-            return verify(t);
+            return verify(t, mode);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1026,23 +1053,49 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private void verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, int upstreamIfindex)
-            throws Exception {
+    private void verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, int upstreamIfindex,
+            @NonNull Set<IpPrefix> upstreamPrefixes) throws Exception {
         if (!mBpfDeps.isAtLeastS()) return;
-        final TetherUpstream6Key key = new TetherUpstream6Key(TEST_IFACE_PARAMS.index,
-                TEST_IFACE_PARAMS.macAddr, 0);
-        final Tether6Value value = new Tether6Value(upstreamIfindex,
-                MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS, MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS,
-                ETH_P_IPV6, NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_MTU);
-        verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mBpfUpstream6Map).insertEntry(key, value);
+        ArrayMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> expected = new ArrayMap<>();
+        for (IpPrefix upstreamPrefix : upstreamPrefixes) {
+            long prefix64 = prefixToLong(upstreamPrefix);
+            final TetherUpstream6Key key = new TetherUpstream6Key(TEST_IFACE_PARAMS.index,
+                    TEST_IFACE_PARAMS.macAddr, prefix64);
+            final Tether6Value value = new Tether6Value(upstreamIfindex,
+                    MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS, MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS,
+                    ETH_P_IPV6, NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_MTU);
+            expected.put(key, value);
+        }
+        ArgumentCaptor<TetherUpstream6Key> keyCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(TetherUpstream6Key.class);
+        ArgumentCaptor<Tether6Value> valueCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Tether6Value.class);
+        verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mBpfUpstream6Map, times(expected.size())).insertEntry(
+                keyCaptor.capture(), valueCaptor.capture());
+        List<TetherUpstream6Key> keys = keyCaptor.getAllValues();
+        List<Tether6Value> values = valueCaptor.getAllValues();
+        ArrayMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> captured = new ArrayMap<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < keys.size(); i++) {
+            captured.put(keys.get(i), values.get(i));
+        }
+        assertEquals(expected, captured);
     }
 
-    private void verifyStopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(@Nullable InOrder inOrder)
-            throws Exception {
+    private void verifyStopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(@Nullable InOrder inOrder,
+            @NonNull Set<IpPrefix> upstreamPrefixes) throws Exception {
         if (!mBpfDeps.isAtLeastS()) return;
-        final TetherUpstream6Key key = new TetherUpstream6Key(TEST_IFACE_PARAMS.index,
-                TEST_IFACE_PARAMS.macAddr, 0);
-        verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mBpfUpstream6Map).deleteEntry(key);
+        Set<TetherUpstream6Key> expected = new ArraySet<>();
+        for (IpPrefix upstreamPrefix : upstreamPrefixes) {
+            long prefix64 = prefixToLong(upstreamPrefix);
+            final TetherUpstream6Key key = new TetherUpstream6Key(TEST_IFACE_PARAMS.index,
+                    TEST_IFACE_PARAMS.macAddr, prefix64);
+            expected.add(key);
+        }
+        ArgumentCaptor<TetherUpstream6Key> keyCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(TetherUpstream6Key.class);
+        verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mBpfUpstream6Map, times(expected.size())).deleteEntry(
+                keyCaptor.capture());
+        assertEquals(expected, new ArraySet(keyCaptor.getAllValues()));
     }
 
     private void verifyNoUpstreamIpv6ForwardingChange(@Nullable InOrder inOrder) throws Exception {
@@ -1083,8 +1136,8 @@
 
     @Test
     public void addRemoveipv6ForwardingRules() throws Exception {
-        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, false /* usingLegacyDhcp */,
-                DEFAULT_USING_BPF_OFFLOAD);
+        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, UPSTREAM_ADDRESSES,
+                false /* usingLegacyDhcp */, DEFAULT_USING_BPF_OFFLOAD);
 
         final int myIfindex = TEST_IFACE_PARAMS.index;
         final int notMyIfindex = myIfindex - 1;
@@ -1145,7 +1198,7 @@
                 UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS.macAddr, neighB, macNull);
         resetNetdBpfMapAndCoordinator();
 
-        // Upstream changes result in updating the rules.
+        // Upstream interface changes result in updating the rules.
         recvNewNeigh(myIfindex, neighA, NUD_REACHABLE, macA);
         recvNewNeigh(myIfindex, neighB, NUD_REACHABLE, macB);
         resetNetdBpfMapAndCoordinator();
@@ -1153,14 +1206,36 @@
         InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mNetd, mBpfDownstream6Map, mBpfUpstream6Map);
         LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
         lp.setInterfaceName(UPSTREAM_IFACE2);
+        lp.setLinkAddresses(UPSTREAM_ADDRESSES);
         dispatchTetherConnectionChanged(UPSTREAM_IFACE2, lp, -1);
-        verify(mBpfCoordinator).updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2);
+        verify(mBpfCoordinator).updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verifyTetherOffloadRuleRemove(inOrder,
                 UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS.macAddr, neighA, macA);
         verifyTetherOffloadRuleRemove(inOrder,
                 UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS.macAddr, neighB, macB);
-        verifyStopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(inOrder);
-        verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(inOrder, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2);
+        verifyStopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(inOrder, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
+        verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(inOrder, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
+        verifyTetherOffloadRuleAdd(inOrder,
+                UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2.macAddr, neighA, macA);
+        verifyTetherOffloadRuleAdd(inOrder,
+                UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2.macAddr, neighB, macB);
+        verifyNoUpstreamIpv6ForwardingChange(inOrder);
+        resetNetdBpfMapAndCoordinator();
+
+        // Upstream link addresses change result in updating the rules.
+        LinkProperties lp2 = new LinkProperties();
+        lp2.setInterfaceName(UPSTREAM_IFACE2);
+        lp2.setLinkAddresses(UPSTREAM_ADDRESSES2);
+        dispatchTetherConnectionChanged(UPSTREAM_IFACE2, lp2, -1);
+        verify(mBpfCoordinator).updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES2);
+        verifyTetherOffloadRuleRemove(inOrder,
+                UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2.macAddr, neighA, macA);
+        verifyTetherOffloadRuleRemove(inOrder,
+                UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2.macAddr, neighB, macB);
+        verifyStopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(inOrder, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
+        verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(inOrder, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES2);
         verifyTetherOffloadRuleAdd(inOrder,
                 UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2.macAddr, neighA, macA);
         verifyTetherOffloadRuleAdd(inOrder,
@@ -1174,8 +1249,8 @@
         // - processMessage CMD_IPV6_TETHER_UPDATE for the IPv6 upstream is lost.
         // See dispatchTetherConnectionChanged.
         verify(mBpfCoordinator, times(2)).updateAllIpv6Rules(
-                mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, NO_UPSTREAM);
-        verifyStopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(inOrder);
+                mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, NO_UPSTREAM, NO_PREFIXES);
+        verifyStopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(inOrder, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES2);
         verifyTetherOffloadRuleRemove(null,
                 UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2.macAddr, neighA, macA);
         verifyTetherOffloadRuleRemove(null,
@@ -1205,7 +1280,7 @@
         // with an upstream of NO_UPSTREAM are reapplied.
         lp.setInterfaceName(UPSTREAM_IFACE);
         dispatchTetherConnectionChanged(UPSTREAM_IFACE, lp, -1);
-        verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX);
+        verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verify(mBpfCoordinator).addIpv6DownstreamRule(
                 mIpServer, makeDownstreamRule(UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, neighA, macA));
         verifyTetherOffloadRuleAdd(null,
@@ -1219,16 +1294,17 @@
         // If upstream IPv6 connectivity is lost, rules are removed.
         resetNetdBpfMapAndCoordinator();
         dispatchTetherConnectionChanged(UPSTREAM_IFACE, null, 0);
-        verify(mBpfCoordinator).updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, NO_UPSTREAM);
+        verify(mBpfCoordinator).updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, NO_UPSTREAM, NO_PREFIXES);
         verifyTetherOffloadRuleRemove(null,
                 UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS.macAddr, neighB, macB);
-        verifyStopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null);
+        verifyStopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
 
         // When upstream IPv6 connectivity comes back, upstream rules are added and downstream rules
         // are reapplied.
         lp.setInterfaceName(UPSTREAM_IFACE);
         dispatchTetherConnectionChanged(UPSTREAM_IFACE, lp, -1);
-        verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX);
+        verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verify(mBpfCoordinator).addIpv6DownstreamRule(
                 mIpServer, makeDownstreamRule(UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, neighA, macA));
         verifyTetherOffloadRuleAdd(null,
@@ -1243,7 +1319,7 @@
         mIpServer.stop();
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mBpfCoordinator).clearAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer);
-        verifyStopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null);
+        verifyStopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verifyTetherOffloadRuleRemove(null,
                 UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS.macAddr, neighA, macA);
         verifyTetherOffloadRuleRemove(null,
@@ -1268,8 +1344,8 @@
 
         // [1] Enable BPF offload.
         // A neighbor that is added or deleted causes the rule to be added or removed.
-        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, false /* usingLegacyDhcp */,
-                true /* usingBpfOffload */);
+        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, UPSTREAM_ADDRESSES,
+                false /* usingLegacyDhcp */, true /* usingBpfOffload */);
         resetNetdBpfMapAndCoordinator();
 
         recvNewNeigh(myIfindex, neigh, NUD_REACHABLE, macA);
@@ -1289,15 +1365,17 @@
         // Upstream IPv6 connectivity change causes upstream rules change.
         LinkProperties lp2 = new LinkProperties();
         lp2.setInterfaceName(UPSTREAM_IFACE2);
+        lp2.setLinkAddresses(UPSTREAM_ADDRESSES2);
         dispatchTetherConnectionChanged(UPSTREAM_IFACE2, lp2, 0);
-        verify(mBpfCoordinator).updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2);
-        verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2);
+        verify(mBpfCoordinator).updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, TEST_IFACE_PARAMS, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES2);
+        verifyStartUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(null, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES2);
         resetNetdBpfMapAndCoordinator();
 
         // [2] Disable BPF offload.
         // A neighbor that is added or deleted doesn’t cause the rule to be added or removed.
-        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, false /* usingLegacyDhcp */,
-                false /* usingBpfOffload */);
+        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, UPSTREAM_ADDRESSES,
+                false /* usingLegacyDhcp */, false /* usingBpfOffload */);
         resetNetdBpfMapAndCoordinator();
 
         recvNewNeigh(myIfindex, neigh, NUD_REACHABLE, macA);
@@ -1317,8 +1395,8 @@
 
     @Test
     public void doesNotStartIpNeighborMonitorIfBpfOffloadDisabled() throws Exception {
-        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, false /* usingLegacyDhcp */,
-                false /* usingBpfOffload */);
+        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, UPSTREAM_ADDRESSES,
+                false /* usingLegacyDhcp */, false /* usingBpfOffload */);
 
         // IP neighbor monitor doesn't start if BPF offload is disabled.
         verify(mIpNeighborMonitor, never()).start();
@@ -1600,8 +1678,8 @@
     // TODO: move to BpfCoordinatorTest once IpNeighborMonitor is migrated to BpfCoordinator.
     @Test
     public void addRemoveTetherClient() throws Exception {
-        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, false /* usingLegacyDhcp */,
-                DEFAULT_USING_BPF_OFFLOAD);
+        initTetheredStateMachine(TETHERING_WIFI, UPSTREAM_IFACE, UPSTREAM_ADDRESSES,
+                false /* usingLegacyDhcp */, DEFAULT_USING_BPF_OFFLOAD);
 
         final int myIfindex = TEST_IFACE_PARAMS.index;
         final int notMyIfindex = myIfindex - 1;
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java
index 601f587..7fbb670 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfUtils.DOWNSTREAM;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfUtils.UPSTREAM;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetheringConfiguration.DEFAULT_TETHER_OFFLOAD_POLL_INTERVAL_MS;
+import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertSameElements;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
@@ -92,6 +94,7 @@
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
+import android.util.ArrayMap;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
 
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
@@ -136,16 +139,20 @@
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 import org.mockito.MockitoSession;
+import org.mockito.verification.VerificationMode;
 
 import java.io.StringWriter;
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
@@ -159,7 +166,7 @@
     private static final int TEST_NET_ID = 24;
     private static final int TEST_NET_ID2 = 25;
 
-    private static final int INVALID_IFINDEX = 0;
+    private static final int NO_UPSTREAM = 0;
     private static final int UPSTREAM_IFINDEX = 1001;
     private static final int UPSTREAM_XLAT_IFINDEX = 1002;
     private static final int UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2 = 1003;
@@ -178,8 +185,17 @@
     private static final MacAddress MAC_A = MacAddress.fromString("00:00:00:00:00:0a");
     private static final MacAddress MAC_B = MacAddress.fromString("11:22:33:00:00:0b");
 
-    private static final InetAddress NEIGH_A = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::1");
-    private static final InetAddress NEIGH_B = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::2");
+    private static final IpPrefix UPSTREAM_PREFIX = new IpPrefix("2001:db8:0:1234::/64");
+    private static final IpPrefix UPSTREAM_PREFIX2 = new IpPrefix("2001:db8:0:abcd::/64");
+    private static final Set<IpPrefix> UPSTREAM_PREFIXES = Set.of(UPSTREAM_PREFIX);
+    private static final Set<IpPrefix> UPSTREAM_PREFIXES2 =
+            Set.of(UPSTREAM_PREFIX, UPSTREAM_PREFIX2);
+    private static final Set<IpPrefix> NO_PREFIXES = Set.of();
+
+    private static final InetAddress NEIGH_A =
+            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("2001:db8:0:1234::1");
+    private static final InetAddress NEIGH_B =
+            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("2001:db8:0:1234::2");
 
     private static final Inet4Address REMOTE_ADDR =
             (Inet4Address) InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("140.112.8.116");
@@ -195,7 +211,6 @@
     private static final Inet4Address XLAT_LOCAL_IPV4ADDR =
             (Inet4Address) InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("192.0.0.46");
     private static final IpPrefix NAT64_IP_PREFIX = new IpPrefix("64:ff9b::/96");
-    private static final IpPrefix IPV6_ZERO_PREFIX = new IpPrefix("::/64");
 
     // Generally, public port and private port are the same in the NAT conntrack message.
     // TODO: consider using different private port and public port for testing.
@@ -624,10 +639,14 @@
     }
 
     private <T> T verifyWithOrder(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, @NonNull T t) {
+        return verifyWithOrder(inOrder, t, times(1));
+    }
+
+    private <T> T verifyWithOrder(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, @NonNull T t, VerificationMode mode) {
         if (inOrder != null) {
-            return inOrder.verify(t);
+            return inOrder.verify(t, mode);
         } else {
-            return verify(t);
+            return verify(t, mode);
         }
     }
 
@@ -667,6 +686,28 @@
                 rule.makeTetherUpstream6Key(), rule.makeTether6Value());
     }
 
+    private void verifyAddUpstreamRules(@Nullable InOrder inOrder,
+            @NonNull Set<Ipv6UpstreamRule> rules) throws Exception {
+        if (!mDeps.isAtLeastS()) return;
+        ArrayMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> expected = new ArrayMap<>();
+        for (Ipv6UpstreamRule rule : rules) {
+            expected.put(rule.makeTetherUpstream6Key(), rule.makeTether6Value());
+        }
+        ArgumentCaptor<TetherUpstream6Key> keyCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(TetherUpstream6Key.class);
+        ArgumentCaptor<Tether6Value> valueCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Tether6Value.class);
+        verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mBpfUpstream6Map, times(expected.size())).insertEntry(
+                keyCaptor.capture(), valueCaptor.capture());
+        List<TetherUpstream6Key> keys = keyCaptor.getAllValues();
+        List<Tether6Value> values = valueCaptor.getAllValues();
+        ArrayMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> captured = new ArrayMap<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < keys.size(); i++) {
+            captured.put(keys.get(i), values.get(i));
+        }
+        assertEquals(expected, captured);
+    }
+
     private void verifyAddDownstreamRule(@Nullable InOrder inOrder,
             @NonNull Ipv6DownstreamRule rule) throws Exception {
         if (mDeps.isAtLeastS()) {
@@ -697,6 +738,20 @@
                 rule.makeTetherUpstream6Key());
     }
 
+    private void verifyRemoveUpstreamRules(@Nullable InOrder inOrder,
+            @NonNull Set<Ipv6UpstreamRule> rules) throws Exception {
+        if (!mDeps.isAtLeastS()) return;
+        List<TetherUpstream6Key> expected = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (Ipv6UpstreamRule rule : rules) {
+            expected.add(rule.makeTetherUpstream6Key());
+        }
+        ArgumentCaptor<TetherUpstream6Key> keyCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(TetherUpstream6Key.class);
+        verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mBpfUpstream6Map, times(expected.size())).deleteEntry(
+                keyCaptor.capture());
+        assertSameElements(expected, keyCaptor.getAllValues());
+    }
+
     private void verifyRemoveDownstreamRule(@Nullable InOrder inOrder,
             @NonNull final Ipv6DownstreamRule rule) throws Exception {
         if (mDeps.isAtLeastS()) {
@@ -785,10 +840,11 @@
         final InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mNetd, mBpfUpstream6Map, mBpfDownstream6Map, mBpfLimitMap,
                 mBpfStatsMap);
         final Ipv6UpstreamRule upstreamRule = buildTestUpstreamRule(
-                mobileIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
+                mobileIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_PREFIX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
         final Ipv6DownstreamRule downstreamRule = buildTestDownstreamRule(
                 mobileIfIndex, NEIGH_A, MAC_A);
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, mobileIfIndex);
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, mobileIfIndex, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verifyTetherOffloadSetInterfaceQuota(inOrder, mobileIfIndex, QUOTA_UNLIMITED,
                 true /* isInit */);
         verifyAddUpstreamRule(inOrder, upstreamRule);
@@ -798,7 +854,8 @@
         // Removing the last rule on current upstream immediately sends the cleanup stuff to BPF.
         updateStatsEntryForTetherOffloadGetAndClearStats(
                 buildTestTetherStatsParcel(mobileIfIndex, 0, 0, 0, 0));
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, 0);
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, NO_UPSTREAM, NO_PREFIXES);
         verifyRemoveDownstreamRule(inOrder, downstreamRule);
         verifyRemoveUpstreamRule(inOrder, upstreamRule);
         verifyTetherOffloadGetAndClearStats(inOrder, mobileIfIndex);
@@ -998,11 +1055,10 @@
     }
 
     @NonNull
-    private static Ipv6UpstreamRule buildTestUpstreamRule(
-            int upstreamIfindex, int downstreamIfindex, @NonNull MacAddress inDstMac) {
-        return new Ipv6UpstreamRule(upstreamIfindex, downstreamIfindex,
-                IPV6_ZERO_PREFIX, inDstMac, MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS,
-                MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS);
+    private static Ipv6UpstreamRule buildTestUpstreamRule(int upstreamIfindex,
+            int downstreamIfindex, @NonNull IpPrefix sourcePrefix, @NonNull MacAddress inDstMac) {
+        return new Ipv6UpstreamRule(upstreamIfindex, downstreamIfindex, sourcePrefix, inDstMac,
+                MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS, MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS);
     }
 
     @NonNull
@@ -1054,9 +1110,10 @@
         // Set the unlimited quota as default if the service has never applied a data limit for a
         // given upstream. Note that the data limit only be applied on an upstream which has rules.
         final Ipv6UpstreamRule rule = buildTestUpstreamRule(
-                mobileIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
+                mobileIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_PREFIX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
         final InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mNetd, mBpfUpstream6Map, mBpfLimitMap, mBpfStatsMap);
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, mobileIfIndex);
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, mobileIfIndex, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verifyTetherOffloadSetInterfaceQuota(inOrder, mobileIfIndex, QUOTA_UNLIMITED,
                 true /* isInit */);
         verifyAddUpstreamRule(inOrder, rule);
@@ -1104,28 +1161,32 @@
 
         // Adding the first rule on current upstream immediately sends the quota to BPF.
         final Ipv6UpstreamRule ruleA = buildTestUpstreamRule(
-                mobileIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, mobileIfIndex);
+                mobileIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_PREFIX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, mobileIfIndex, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verifyTetherOffloadSetInterfaceQuota(inOrder, mobileIfIndex, limit, true /* isInit */);
         verifyAddUpstreamRule(inOrder, ruleA);
         inOrder.verifyNoMoreInteractions();
 
         // Adding the second rule on current upstream does not send the quota to BPF.
         final Ipv6UpstreamRule ruleB = buildTestUpstreamRule(
-                mobileIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX2, DOWNSTREAM_MAC2);
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer2, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2, mobileIfIndex);
+                mobileIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX2, UPSTREAM_PREFIX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC2);
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer2, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2, mobileIfIndex, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verifyAddUpstreamRule(inOrder, ruleB);
         verifyNeverTetherOffloadSetInterfaceQuota(inOrder);
 
         // Removing the second rule on current upstream does not send the quota to BPF.
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer2, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2, 0);
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer2, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2, NO_UPSTREAM, NO_PREFIXES);
         verifyRemoveUpstreamRule(inOrder, ruleB);
         verifyNeverTetherOffloadSetInterfaceQuota(inOrder);
 
         // Removing the last rule on current upstream immediately sends the cleanup stuff to BPF.
         updateStatsEntryForTetherOffloadGetAndClearStats(
                 buildTestTetherStatsParcel(mobileIfIndex, 0, 0, 0, 0));
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, 0);
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, NO_UPSTREAM, NO_PREFIXES);
         verifyRemoveUpstreamRule(inOrder, ruleA);
         verifyTetherOffloadGetAndClearStats(inOrder, mobileIfIndex);
         inOrder.verifyNoMoreInteractions();
@@ -1157,13 +1218,14 @@
         // [1] Adding rules on the upstream Ethernet.
         // Note that the default data limit is applied after the first rule is added.
         final Ipv6UpstreamRule ethernetUpstreamRule = buildTestUpstreamRule(
-                ethIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
+                ethIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_PREFIX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
         final Ipv6DownstreamRule ethernetRuleA = buildTestDownstreamRule(
                 ethIfIndex, NEIGH_A, MAC_A);
         final Ipv6DownstreamRule ethernetRuleB = buildTestDownstreamRule(
                 ethIfIndex, NEIGH_B, MAC_B);
 
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, ethIfIndex);
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, ethIfIndex, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verifyTetherOffloadSetInterfaceQuota(inOrder, ethIfIndex, QUOTA_UNLIMITED,
                 true /* isInit */);
         verifyAddUpstreamRule(inOrder, ethernetUpstreamRule);
@@ -1174,7 +1236,9 @@
 
         // [2] Update the existing rules from Ethernet to cellular.
         final Ipv6UpstreamRule mobileUpstreamRule = buildTestUpstreamRule(
-                mobileIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
+                mobileIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_PREFIX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
+        final Ipv6UpstreamRule mobileUpstreamRule2 = buildTestUpstreamRule(
+                mobileIfIndex, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_PREFIX2, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
         final Ipv6DownstreamRule mobileRuleA = buildTestDownstreamRule(
                 mobileIfIndex, NEIGH_A, MAC_A);
         final Ipv6DownstreamRule mobileRuleB = buildTestDownstreamRule(
@@ -1183,15 +1247,16 @@
                 buildTestTetherStatsParcel(ethIfIndex, 10, 20, 30, 40));
 
         // Update the existing rules for upstream changes. The rules are removed and re-added one
-        // by one for updating upstream interface index by #tetherOffloadRuleUpdate.
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, mobileIfIndex);
+        // by one for updating upstream interface index and prefixes by #tetherOffloadRuleUpdate.
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, mobileIfIndex, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES2);
         verifyRemoveDownstreamRule(inOrder, ethernetRuleA);
         verifyRemoveDownstreamRule(inOrder, ethernetRuleB);
         verifyRemoveUpstreamRule(inOrder, ethernetUpstreamRule);
         verifyTetherOffloadGetAndClearStats(inOrder, ethIfIndex);
         verifyTetherOffloadSetInterfaceQuota(inOrder, mobileIfIndex, QUOTA_UNLIMITED,
                 true /* isInit */);
-        verifyAddUpstreamRule(inOrder, mobileUpstreamRule);
+        verifyAddUpstreamRules(inOrder, Set.of(mobileUpstreamRule, mobileUpstreamRule2));
         verifyAddDownstreamRule(inOrder, mobileRuleA);
         verifyAddDownstreamRule(inOrder, mobileRuleB);
 
@@ -1201,7 +1266,7 @@
         coordinator.clearAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer);
         verifyRemoveDownstreamRule(inOrder, mobileRuleA);
         verifyRemoveDownstreamRule(inOrder, mobileRuleB);
-        verifyRemoveUpstreamRule(inOrder, mobileUpstreamRule);
+        verifyRemoveUpstreamRules(inOrder, Set.of(mobileUpstreamRule, mobileUpstreamRule2));
         verifyTetherOffloadGetAndClearStats(inOrder, mobileIfIndex);
 
         // [4] Force pushing stats update to verify that the last diff of stats is reported on all
@@ -1264,8 +1329,8 @@
         assertEquals(1, rules.size());
 
         // The rule can't be updated.
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
-                mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, rule.upstreamIfindex + 1 /* new */);
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS,
+                rule.upstreamIfindex + 1 /* new */, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verifyNeverRemoveDownstreamRule();
         verifyNeverAddDownstreamRule();
         rules = coordinator.getIpv6DownstreamRulesForTesting().get(mIpServer);
@@ -1561,12 +1626,12 @@
     //
     // @param coordinator BpfCoordinator instance.
     // @param upstreamIfindex upstream interface index. can be the following values.
-    //        INVALID_IFINDEX: no upstream interface
+    //        NO_UPSTREAM: no upstream interface
     //        UPSTREAM_IFINDEX: CELLULAR (raw ip interface)
     //        UPSTREAM_IFINDEX2: WIFI (ethernet interface)
     private void setUpstreamInformationTo(final BpfCoordinator coordinator,
             @Nullable Integer upstreamIfindex) {
-        if (upstreamIfindex == INVALID_IFINDEX) {
+        if (upstreamIfindex == NO_UPSTREAM) {
             coordinator.updateUpstreamNetworkState(null);
             return;
         }
@@ -1706,7 +1771,8 @@
         final BpfCoordinator coordinator = makeBpfCoordinator();
 
         coordinator.maybeAddUpstreamToLookupTable(UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_IFACE);
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX);
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verify(mBpfDevMap).updateEntry(eq(new TetherDevKey(UPSTREAM_IFINDEX)),
                 eq(new TetherDevValue(UPSTREAM_IFINDEX)));
         verify(mBpfDevMap).updateEntry(eq(new TetherDevKey(DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX)),
@@ -1715,7 +1781,8 @@
 
         // Adding the second downstream, only the second downstream ifindex is added to DevMap,
         // the existing upstream ifindex won't be added again.
-        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(mIpServer2, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX);
+        coordinator.updateAllIpv6Rules(
+                mIpServer2, DOWNSTREAM_IFACE_PARAMS2, UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_PREFIXES);
         verify(mBpfDevMap).updateEntry(eq(new TetherDevKey(DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX2)),
                 eq(new TetherDevValue(DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX2)));
         verify(mBpfDevMap, never()).updateEntry(eq(new TetherDevKey(UPSTREAM_IFINDEX)),
@@ -1996,6 +2063,11 @@
                 100 /* nonzero, CT_NEW */);
     }
 
+    private static long prefixToLong(IpPrefix prefix) {
+        byte[] prefixBytes = Arrays.copyOf(prefix.getRawAddress(), 8);
+        return ByteBuffer.wrap(prefixBytes).getLong();
+    }
+
     void checkRule4ExistInUpstreamDownstreamMap() throws Exception {
         assertEquals(UPSTREAM4_RULE_VALUE_A, mBpfUpstream4Map.getValue(UPSTREAM4_RULE_KEY_A));
         assertEquals(DOWNSTREAM4_RULE_VALUE_A, mBpfDownstream4Map.getValue(
@@ -2113,7 +2185,7 @@
 
         // [3] Switch upstream from the first upstream (rawip, bpf supported) to no upstream. Clear
         // all rules.
-        setUpstreamInformationTo(coordinator, INVALID_IFINDEX);
+        setUpstreamInformationTo(coordinator, NO_UPSTREAM);
         checkRule4NotExistInUpstreamDownstreamMap();
 
         // Client information should be not deleted.
@@ -2180,14 +2252,15 @@
     public void testIpv6ForwardingRuleToString() throws Exception {
         final Ipv6DownstreamRule downstreamRule = buildTestDownstreamRule(UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, NEIGH_A,
                 MAC_A);
-        assertEquals("upstreamIfindex: 1001, downstreamIfindex: 2001, address: 2001:db8::1, "
+        assertEquals("upstreamIfindex: 1001, downstreamIfindex: 2001, address: 2001:db8:0:1234::1, "
                 + "srcMac: 12:34:56:78:90:ab, dstMac: 00:00:00:00:00:0a",
                 downstreamRule.toString());
         final Ipv6UpstreamRule upstreamRule = buildTestUpstreamRule(
-                UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
-        assertEquals("upstreamIfindex: 1001, downstreamIfindex: 2001, sourcePrefix: ::/64, "
-                + "inDstMac: 12:34:56:78:90:ab, outSrcMac: 00:00:00:00:00:00, "
-                + "outDstMac: 00:00:00:00:00:00", upstreamRule.toString());
+                UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, UPSTREAM_PREFIX, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
+        assertEquals("upstreamIfindex: 1001, downstreamIfindex: 2001, "
+                + "sourcePrefix: 2001:db8:0:1234::/64, inDstMac: 12:34:56:78:90:ab, "
+                + "outSrcMac: 00:00:00:00:00:00, outDstMac: 00:00:00:00:00:00",
+                upstreamRule.toString());
     }
 
     private void verifyDump(@NonNull final BpfCoordinator coordinator) {
@@ -2237,8 +2310,9 @@
         final Ipv6DownstreamRule rule = buildTestDownstreamRule(UPSTREAM_IFINDEX, NEIGH_A, MAC_A);
         mBpfDownstream6Map.insertEntry(rule.makeTetherDownstream6Key(), rule.makeTether6Value());
 
+        final long prefix64 = prefixToLong(UPSTREAM_PREFIX);
         final TetherUpstream6Key upstream6Key = new TetherUpstream6Key(DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX,
-                DOWNSTREAM_MAC, 0);
+                DOWNSTREAM_MAC, prefix64);
         final Tether6Value upstream6Value = new Tether6Value(UPSTREAM_IFINDEX,
                 MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS, MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS,
                 ETH_P_IPV6, NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_MTU);
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
index ba39f22..f89ee8e 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
@@ -2880,24 +2880,33 @@
         final Network wifiNetwork = new Network(200);
         final Network[] allNetworks = { wifiNetwork };
         doReturn(allNetworks).when(mCm).getAllNetworks();
+        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mUsbManager, mNetd);
         runUsbTethering(null);
+
+        inOrder.verify(mNetd).tetherInterfaceAdd(TEST_RNDIS_IFNAME);
+
         final ArgumentCaptor<InterfaceConfigurationParcel> ifaceConfigCaptor =
                 ArgumentCaptor.forClass(InterfaceConfigurationParcel.class);
         verify(mNetd).interfaceSetCfg(ifaceConfigCaptor.capture());
         final String ipv4Address = ifaceConfigCaptor.getValue().ipv4Addr;
         verify(mDhcpServer, timeout(DHCPSERVER_START_TIMEOUT_MS).times(1)).startWithCallbacks(
                 any(), any());
-        reset(mUsbManager);
 
         // Cause a prefix conflict by assigning a /30 out of the downstream's /24 to the upstream.
         updateV4Upstream(new LinkAddress(InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(ipv4Address), 30),
                 wifiNetwork, TEST_WIFI_IFNAME, TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         // verify turn off usb tethering
-        verify(mUsbManager).setCurrentFunctions(UsbManager.FUNCTION_NONE);
+        inOrder.verify(mUsbManager).setCurrentFunctions(UsbManager.FUNCTION_NONE);
         sendUsbBroadcast(true, true, -1 /* function */);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
+        inOrder.verify(mNetd).tetherInterfaceRemove(TEST_RNDIS_IFNAME);
+
         // verify restart usb tethering
-        verify(mUsbManager).setCurrentFunctions(UsbManager.FUNCTION_RNDIS);
+        inOrder.verify(mUsbManager).setCurrentFunctions(UsbManager.FUNCTION_RNDIS);
+
+        sendUsbBroadcast(true, true, TETHER_USB_RNDIS_FUNCTION);
+        mLooper.dispatchAll();
+        inOrder.verify(mNetd).tetherInterfaceAdd(TEST_RNDIS_IFNAME);
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/util/StateMachineShimTest.kt b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/util/StateMachineShimTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c4df76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/util/StateMachineShimTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.android.networkstack.tethering.util
+
+import android.os.Looper
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
+import com.android.internal.util.State
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.StateMachineShim.AsyncStateMachine
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.StateMachineShim.Dependencies
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.SyncStateMachine.StateInfo
+import kotlin.test.assertFailsWith
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder
+import org.mockito.Mockito.mock
+import org.mockito.Mockito.verify
+import org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@SmallTest
+class StateMachineShimTest {
+    private val mSyncSM = mock(SyncStateMachine::class.java)
+    private val mAsyncSM = mock(AsyncStateMachine::class.java)
+    private val mState1 = mock(State::class.java)
+    private val mState2 = mock(State::class.java)
+
+    inner class MyDependencies() : Dependencies() {
+
+        override fun makeSyncStateMachine(name: String, thread: Thread) = mSyncSM
+
+        override fun makeAsyncStateMachine(name: String, looper: Looper) = mAsyncSM
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testUsingSyncStateMachine() {
+        val inOrder = inOrder(mSyncSM, mAsyncSM)
+        val shimUsingSyncSM = StateMachineShim("ShimTest", null, MyDependencies())
+        shimUsingSyncSM.start(mState1)
+        inOrder.verify(mSyncSM).start(mState1)
+
+        val allStates = ArrayList<StateInfo>()
+        allStates.add(StateInfo(mState1, null))
+        allStates.add(StateInfo(mState2, mState1))
+        shimUsingSyncSM.addAllStates(allStates)
+        inOrder.verify(mSyncSM).addAllStates(allStates)
+
+        shimUsingSyncSM.transitionTo(mState1)
+        inOrder.verify(mSyncSM).transitionTo(mState1)
+
+        val what = 10
+        shimUsingSyncSM.sendMessage(what)
+        inOrder.verify(mSyncSM).processMessage(what, 0, 0, null)
+        val obj = Object()
+        shimUsingSyncSM.sendMessage(what, obj)
+        inOrder.verify(mSyncSM).processMessage(what, 0, 0, obj)
+        val arg1 = 11
+        shimUsingSyncSM.sendMessage(what, arg1)
+        inOrder.verify(mSyncSM).processMessage(what, arg1, 0, null)
+        val arg2 = 12
+        shimUsingSyncSM.sendMessage(what, arg1, arg2, obj)
+        inOrder.verify(mSyncSM).processMessage(what, arg1, arg2, obj)
+
+        assertFailsWith(IllegalStateException::class) {
+            shimUsingSyncSM.sendMessageDelayedToAsyncSM(what, 1000 /* delayMillis */)
+        }
+
+        shimUsingSyncSM.sendSelfMessageToSyncSM(what, obj)
+        inOrder.verify(mSyncSM).sendSelfMessage(what, 0, 0, obj)
+
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mSyncSM, mAsyncSM)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testUsingAsyncStateMachine() {
+        val inOrder = inOrder(mSyncSM, mAsyncSM)
+        val shimUsingAsyncSM = StateMachineShim("ShimTest", mock(Looper::class.java),
+                MyDependencies())
+        shimUsingAsyncSM.start(mState1)
+        inOrder.verify(mAsyncSM).setInitialState(mState1)
+        inOrder.verify(mAsyncSM).start()
+
+        val allStates = ArrayList<StateInfo>()
+        allStates.add(StateInfo(mState1, null))
+        allStates.add(StateInfo(mState2, mState1))
+        shimUsingAsyncSM.addAllStates(allStates)
+        inOrder.verify(mAsyncSM).addState(mState1, null)
+        inOrder.verify(mAsyncSM).addState(mState2, mState1)
+
+        shimUsingAsyncSM.transitionTo(mState1)
+        inOrder.verify(mAsyncSM).transitionTo(mState1)
+
+        val what = 10
+        shimUsingAsyncSM.sendMessage(what)
+        inOrder.verify(mAsyncSM).sendMessage(what, 0, 0, null)
+        val obj = Object()
+        shimUsingAsyncSM.sendMessage(what, obj)
+        inOrder.verify(mAsyncSM).sendMessage(what, 0, 0, obj)
+        val arg1 = 11
+        shimUsingAsyncSM.sendMessage(what, arg1)
+        inOrder.verify(mAsyncSM).sendMessage(what, arg1, 0, null)
+        val arg2 = 12
+        shimUsingAsyncSM.sendMessage(what, arg1, arg2, obj)
+        inOrder.verify(mAsyncSM).sendMessage(what, arg1, arg2, obj)
+
+        shimUsingAsyncSM.sendMessageDelayedToAsyncSM(what, 1000 /* delayMillis */)
+        inOrder.verify(mAsyncSM).sendMessageDelayed(what, 1000)
+
+        assertFailsWith(IllegalStateException::class) {
+            shimUsingAsyncSM.sendSelfMessageToSyncSM(what, obj)
+        }
+
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mSyncSM, mAsyncSM)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/bpf_progs/offload.c b/bpf_progs/offload.c
index 35b8eea..90f96a1 100644
--- a/bpf_progs/offload.c
+++ b/bpf_progs/offload.c
@@ -198,7 +198,8 @@
 
     TetherUpstream6Key ku = {
             .iif = skb->ifindex,
-            .src64 = 0,
+            // Retrieve the first 64 bits of the source IPv6 address in network order
+            .src64 = *(uint64_t*)&(ip6->saddr.s6_addr32[0]),
     };
     if (is_ethernet) __builtin_memcpy(stream.down ? kd.dstMac : ku.dstMac, eth->h_dest, ETH_ALEN);
 
diff --git a/common/Android.bp b/common/Android.bp
index 1d73a46..6d04b6c 100644
--- a/common/Android.bp
+++ b/common/Android.bp
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
 }
 
-build = ["TrunkStable.bp"]
-
 // This is a placeholder comment to avoid merge conflicts
 // as the above target may not exist
 // depending on the branch
diff --git a/framework-t/Android.bp b/framework-t/Android.bp
index d177ea9..2f7db87 100644
--- a/framework-t/Android.bp
+++ b/framework-t/Android.bp
@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
 }
 
-framework_remoteauth_srcs = [":framework-remoteauth-java-sources"]
-framework_remoteauth_api_srcs = []
+framework_remoteauth_srcs = [":framework-remoteauth-java-sources-udc-compat"]
+framework_remoteauth_api_srcs = [":framework-remoteauth-java-sources"]
 
 java_defaults {
     name: "enable-remoteauth-targets",
-    enabled: true,
+    enabled: false,
 }
 
 // Include build rules from Sources.bp
diff --git a/framework-t/api/system-current.txt b/framework-t/api/system-current.txt
index 6c98a4f..23510e1 100644
--- a/framework-t/api/system-current.txt
+++ b/framework-t/api/system-current.txt
@@ -492,12 +492,12 @@
     field @NonNull public static final android.os.Parcelable.Creator<android.net.thread.PendingOperationalDataset> CREATOR;
   }
 
-  @FlaggedApi("com.android.net.thread.flags.thread_enabled") public class ThreadNetworkController {
+  @FlaggedApi("com.android.net.thread.flags.thread_enabled") public final class ThreadNetworkController {
     method public int getThreadVersion();
     field public static final int THREAD_VERSION_1_3 = 4; // 0x4
   }
 
-  @FlaggedApi("com.android.net.thread.flags.thread_enabled") public class ThreadNetworkManager {
+  @FlaggedApi("com.android.net.thread.flags.thread_enabled") public final class ThreadNetworkManager {
     method @NonNull public java.util.List<android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkController> getAllThreadNetworkControllers();
   }
 
diff --git a/nearby/README.md b/nearby/README.md
index 8451882..0d26563 100644
--- a/nearby/README.md
+++ b/nearby/README.md
@@ -47,12 +47,20 @@
 ## Build and Install
 
 ```sh
-$ source build/envsetup.sh && lunch <TARGET>
-$ m com.google.android.tethering.next deapexer
-$ $ANDROID_BUILD_TOP/out/host/linux-x86/bin/deapexer decompress --input \
-    ${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT}/system/apex/com.google.android.tethering.next.capex \
-    --output /tmp/tethering.apex
-$ adb install -r /tmp/tethering.apex
+Build unbundled module using banchan
+
+$ source build/envsetup.sh
+$ banchan com.google.android.tethering mainline_modules_arm64
+$ m apps_only dist
+$ adb install out/dist/com.google.android.tethering.apex
+$ adb reboot
+Ensure that the module you are installing is compatible with the module currently preloaded on the phone (in /system/apex/com.google.android.tethering.apex). Compatible means:
+
+1. Same package name
+2. Same keys used to sign the apex and the payload
+3. Higher version
+
+See go/mainline-local-build#build-install-local-module for more information
 ```
 
 ## Build and Install from tm-mainline-prod branch
@@ -63,7 +71,7 @@
 This is because the device is flashed with AOSP built from master or other branches, which has
 prebuilt APEX with higher version. We can use root access to replace the prebuilt APEX with the APEX
 built from tm-mainline-prod as below.
-1. adb root && adb remount; adb shell mount -orw,remount /system/apex
+1. adb root && adb remount -R
 2. cp tethering.next.apex com.google.android.tethering.apex
 3. adb push  com.google.android.tethering.apex  /system/apex/
 4. adb reboot
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/DataElement.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/DataElement.java
index 10c1132..8f032bf 100644
--- a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/DataElement.java
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/DataElement.java
@@ -39,10 +39,15 @@
     private final int mKey;
     private final byte[] mValue;
 
-    /** @hide */
+    /**
+     * Note this interface is used for internal implementation only.
+     * We only keep those data element types used for encoding and decoding from the specs.
+     * Please read the nearby specs for learning more about each data type and use it as the only
+     * source.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
     @IntDef({
-            DataType.BLE_SERVICE_DATA,
-            DataType.BLE_ADDRESS,
             DataType.SALT,
             DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY,
             DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY,
@@ -50,20 +55,17 @@
             DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY,
             DataType.TX_POWER,
             DataType.ACTION,
-            DataType.MODEL_ID,
-            DataType.EDDYSTONE_EPHEMERAL_IDENTIFIER,
             DataType.ACCOUNT_KEY_DATA,
             DataType.CONNECTION_STATUS,
             DataType.BATTERY,
+            DataType.ENCRYPTION_INFO,
+            DataType.BLE_SERVICE_DATA,
+            DataType.BLE_ADDRESS,
             DataType.SCAN_MODE,
             DataType.TEST_DE_BEGIN,
             DataType.TEST_DE_END
     })
     public @interface DataType {
-        int BLE_SERVICE_DATA = 100;
-        int BLE_ADDRESS = 101;
-        // This is to indicate if the scan is offload only
-        int SCAN_MODE = 102;
         int SALT = 0;
         int PRIVATE_IDENTITY = 1;
         int TRUSTED_IDENTITY = 2;
@@ -71,11 +73,19 @@
         int PROVISIONED_IDENTITY = 4;
         int TX_POWER = 5;
         int ACTION = 6;
-        int MODEL_ID = 7;
-        int EDDYSTONE_EPHEMERAL_IDENTIFIER = 8;
         int ACCOUNT_KEY_DATA = 9;
         int CONNECTION_STATUS = 10;
         int BATTERY = 11;
+
+        int ENCRYPTION_INFO = 16;
+
+        // Not defined in the spec. Reserved for internal use only.
+        int BLE_SERVICE_DATA = 100;
+        int BLE_ADDRESS = 101;
+        // This is to indicate if the scan is offload only
+        int SCAN_MODE = 102;
+
+        int DEVICE_TYPE = 22;
         // Reserves test DE ranges from {@link DataElement.DataType#TEST_DE_BEGIN}
         // to {@link DataElement.DataType#TEST_DE_END}, inclusive.
         // Reserves 128 Test DEs.
@@ -84,27 +94,6 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * @hide
-     */
-    public static boolean isValidType(int type) {
-        return type == DataType.BLE_SERVICE_DATA
-                || type == DataType.ACCOUNT_KEY_DATA
-                || type == DataType.BLE_ADDRESS
-                || type == DataType.SCAN_MODE
-                || type == DataType.SALT
-                || type == DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY
-                || type == DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY
-                || type == DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY
-                || type == DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY
-                || type == DataType.TX_POWER
-                || type == DataType.ACTION
-                || type == DataType.MODEL_ID
-                || type == DataType.EDDYSTONE_EPHEMERAL_IDENTIFIER
-                || type == DataType.CONNECTION_STATUS
-                || type == DataType.BATTERY;
-    }
-
-    /**
      * @return {@code true} if this is identity type.
      * @hide
      */
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyManager.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyManager.java
index a70b303..8b97dc7 100644
--- a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyManager.java
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyManager.java
@@ -281,6 +281,8 @@
      */
     public void queryOffloadCapability(@NonNull @CallbackExecutor Executor executor,
             @NonNull Consumer<OffloadCapability> callback) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(executor);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(callback);
         try {
             mService.queryOffloadCapability(new OffloadTransport(executor, callback));
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/BroadcastProviderManager.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/BroadcastProviderManager.java
index 024bff8..28a33fa 100644
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/BroadcastProviderManager.java
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/BroadcastProviderManager.java
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
 import android.nearby.IBroadcastListener;
 import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest;
+import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
@@ -49,6 +50,10 @@
     private final NearbyConfiguration mNearbyConfiguration;
 
     private IBroadcastListener mBroadcastListener;
+    // Used with mBroadcastListener. Now we only support single client, for multi clients, a map
+    // between live binder to the information over the binder is needed.
+    // TODO: Finish multi-client logic for broadcast.
+    private BroadcastListenerDeathRecipient mDeathRecipient;
 
     public BroadcastProviderManager(Context context, Injector injector) {
         this(ForegroundThread.getExecutor(),
@@ -62,6 +67,7 @@
         mLock = new Object();
         mNearbyConfiguration = new NearbyConfiguration();
         mBroadcastListener = null;
+        mDeathRecipient = null;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -70,6 +76,15 @@
     public void startBroadcast(BroadcastRequest broadcastRequest, IBroadcastListener listener) {
         synchronized (mLock) {
             mExecutor.execute(() -> {
+                if (listener == null) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (mBroadcastListener != null) {
+                    Log.i(TAG, "We do not support multi clients yet,"
+                            + " please stop previous broadcast first.");
+                    reportBroadcastStatus(listener, BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
+                    return;
+                }
                 if (!mNearbyConfiguration.isTestAppSupported()) {
                     NearbyConfiguration configuration = new NearbyConfiguration();
                     if (!configuration.isPresenceBroadcastLegacyEnabled()) {
@@ -89,7 +104,17 @@
                     reportBroadcastStatus(listener, BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
                     return;
                 }
+                BroadcastListenerDeathRecipient deathRecipient =
+                        new BroadcastListenerDeathRecipient(listener);
+                try {
+                    listener.asBinder().linkToDeath(deathRecipient, 0);
+                } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                    // This binder has already died, so call the DeathRecipient as if we had
+                    // called linkToDeath in time.
+                    deathRecipient.binderDied();
+                }
                 mBroadcastListener = listener;
+                mDeathRecipient = deathRecipient;
                 mBleBroadcastProvider.start(presenceBroadcastRequest.getVersion(),
                         advertisement.toBytes(), this);
             });
@@ -113,13 +138,19 @@
      */
     public void stopBroadcast(IBroadcastListener listener) {
         synchronized (mLock) {
-            if (!mNearbyConfiguration.isTestAppSupported()
-                    && !mNearbyConfiguration.isPresenceBroadcastLegacyEnabled()) {
-                reportBroadcastStatus(listener, BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
-                return;
+            if (listener != null) {
+                if (!mNearbyConfiguration.isTestAppSupported()
+                        && !mNearbyConfiguration.isPresenceBroadcastLegacyEnabled()) {
+                    reportBroadcastStatus(listener, BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (mDeathRecipient != null) {
+                    listener.asBinder().unlinkToDeath(mDeathRecipient, 0);
+                }
             }
             mBroadcastListener = null;
-            mExecutor.execute(() -> mBleBroadcastProvider.stop());
+            mDeathRecipient = null;
+            mExecutor.execute(mBleBroadcastProvider::stop);
         }
     }
 
@@ -142,4 +173,21 @@
             Log.e(TAG, "remote exception when reporting status");
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Class to make listener unregister after the binder is dead.
+     */
+    public class BroadcastListenerDeathRecipient implements IBinder.DeathRecipient {
+        public IBroadcastListener mListener;
+
+        BroadcastListenerDeathRecipient(IBroadcastListener listener) {
+            mListener = listener;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void binderDied() {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Binder is dead - stop broadcast listener");
+            stopBroadcast(mListener);
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManager.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManager.java
index 0c41426..5797d3d 100644
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManager.java
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManager.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
 
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.nearby.DataElement;
 import android.nearby.IScanListener;
@@ -141,6 +142,8 @@
 
     /** Called after boot completed. */
     public void init() {
+        // Register BLE only scan when Bluetooth is turned off
+        setBleScanEnabled();
         if (mInjector.getContextHubManager() != null) {
             mChreDiscoveryProvider.init();
         }
@@ -313,4 +316,29 @@
     public void onMergedRegistrationsUpdated() {
         invalidateProviderScanMode();
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Registers Nearby service to Ble scan if Bluetooth is off. (Even when Bluetooth is off)
+     * @return {@code true} when Nearby currently can scan through Bluetooth or Ble or successfully
+     * registers Nearby service to Ble scan when Blutooth is off.
+     */
+    public boolean setBleScanEnabled() {
+        BluetoothAdapter adapter = mInjector.getBluetoothAdapter();
+        if (adapter == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter is null.");
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (adapter.isEnabled() || adapter.isLeEnabled()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!adapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "Ble always on scan is disabled.");
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!adapter.enableBLE()) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to register Ble scan.");
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerLegacy.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerLegacy.java
index 4b76eba..df33773 100644
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerLegacy.java
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerLegacy.java
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.nearby.DataElement;
 import android.nearby.IScanListener;
@@ -220,6 +221,8 @@
 
     /** Called after boot completed. */
     public void init() {
+        // Register BLE only scan when Bluetooth is turned off
+        setBleScanEnabled();
         if (mInjector.getContextHubManager() != null) {
             mChreDiscoveryProvider.init();
         }
@@ -503,4 +506,29 @@
             unregisterScanListener(listener);
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Registers Nearby service to Ble scan if Bluetooth is off. (Even when Bluetooth is off)
+     * @return {@code true} when Nearby currently can scan through Bluetooth or Ble or successfully
+     * registers Nearby service to Ble scan when Blutooth is off.
+     */
+    public boolean setBleScanEnabled() {
+        BluetoothAdapter adapter = mInjector.getBluetoothAdapter();
+        if (adapter == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter is null.");
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (adapter.isEnabled() || adapter.isLeEnabled()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!adapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "Ble always on scan is disabled.");
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!adapter.enableBLE()) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to register Ble scan.");
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/EncryptionInfo.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/EncryptionInfo.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac1e18f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/EncryptionInfo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.ArrayUtils;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Data Element that indicates the presence of extended 16 bytes salt instead of 2 byte salt and to
+ * indicate which encoding scheme (MIC tag or Signature) is used for a section. If present, it must
+ * be the first DE in a section.
+ */
+public class EncryptionInfo {
+
+    @IntDef({EncodingScheme.MIC, EncodingScheme.SIGNATURE})
+    public @interface EncodingScheme {
+        int MIC = 0;
+        int SIGNATURE = 1;
+    }
+
+    // 1st byte : encryption scheme
+    // 2nd to 17th bytes: salt
+    public static final int ENCRYPTION_INFO_LENGTH = 17;
+    private static final int ENCODING_SCHEME_MASK = 0b01111000;
+    private static final int ENCODING_SCHEME_OFFSET = 3;
+    @EncodingScheme
+    private final int mEncodingScheme;
+    private final byte[] mSalt;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a {@link DataElement}.
+     */
+    public EncryptionInfo(@NonNull byte[] value) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(value.length == ENCRYPTION_INFO_LENGTH);
+        mEncodingScheme = (value[0] & ENCODING_SCHEME_MASK) >> ENCODING_SCHEME_OFFSET;
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(isValidEncodingScheme(mEncodingScheme));
+        mSalt = Arrays.copyOfRange(value, 1, ENCRYPTION_INFO_LENGTH);
+    }
+
+    private boolean isValidEncodingScheme(int scheme) {
+        return scheme == EncodingScheme.MIC || scheme == EncodingScheme.SIGNATURE;
+    }
+
+    @EncodingScheme
+    public int getEncodingScheme() {
+        return mEncodingScheme;
+    }
+
+    public byte[] getSalt() {
+        return mSalt;
+    }
+
+    /** Combines the encoding scheme and salt to a byte array
+     * that represents an {@link EncryptionInfo}.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] toByte(@EncodingScheme int encodingScheme, byte[] salt) {
+        if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(salt)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (salt.length != ENCRYPTION_INFO_LENGTH - 1) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        byte schemeByte =
+                (byte) ((encodingScheme << ENCODING_SCHEME_OFFSET) & ENCODING_SCHEME_MASK);
+        return ArrayUtils.append(schemeByte, salt);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisement.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisement.java
index 34a7514..c2304cc 100644
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisement.java
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisement.java
@@ -16,22 +16,27 @@
 
 package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
 
+import static android.nearby.BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1;
+
 import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.presence.EncryptionInfo.ENCRYPTION_INFO_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.presence.PresenceConstants.PRESENCE_UUID_BYTES;
 
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
-import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion;
 import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.DataElement.DataType;
 import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest;
 import android.nearby.PresenceCredential;
 import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
 import android.util.Log;
 
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.ArrayUtils;
 import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.Cryptor;
-import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpFake;
-import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpIdentityV1;
-import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpV1;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorMicImp;
 
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -51,37 +56,51 @@
  * The header contains:
  * version (3 bits) | 5 bit reserved for future use (RFU)
  */
-public class ExtendedAdvertisement extends Advertisement{
+public class ExtendedAdvertisement extends Advertisement {
 
     public static final int SALT_DATA_LENGTH = 2;
-
     static final int HEADER_LENGTH = 1;
 
     static final int IDENTITY_DATA_LENGTH = 16;
-
+    // Identity Index is always 2 .
+    // 0 is reserved, 1 is Salt or Credential Element.
+    private static final int CIPHER_START_INDEX = 2;
     private final List<DataElement> mDataElements;
+    private final byte[] mKeySeed;
 
-    private final byte[] mAuthenticityKey;
+    private final byte[] mData;
 
-    // All Data Elements including salt and identity.
-    // Each list item (byte array) is a Data Element (with its header).
-    private final List<byte[]> mCompleteDataElementsBytes;
-    // Signature generated from data elements.
-    private final byte[] mHmacTag;
+    private ExtendedAdvertisement(
+            @PresenceCredential.IdentityType int identityType,
+            byte[] identity,
+            byte[] salt,
+            byte[] keySeed,
+            List<Integer> actions,
+            List<DataElement> dataElements) {
+        this.mVersion = PRESENCE_VERSION_V1;
+        this.mIdentityType = identityType;
+        this.mIdentity = identity;
+        this.mSalt = salt;
+        this.mKeySeed = keySeed;
+        this.mDataElements = dataElements;
+        this.mActions = actions;
+        mData = toBytesInternal();
+    }
 
     /**
      * Creates an {@link ExtendedAdvertisement} from a Presence Broadcast Request.
+     *
      * @return {@link ExtendedAdvertisement} object. {@code null} when the request is illegal.
      */
     @Nullable
     public static ExtendedAdvertisement createFromRequest(PresenceBroadcastRequest request) {
-        if (request.getVersion() != BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1) {
+        if (request.getVersion() != PRESENCE_VERSION_V1) {
             Log.v(TAG, "ExtendedAdvertisement only supports V1 now.");
             return null;
         }
 
         byte[] salt = request.getSalt();
-        if (salt.length != SALT_DATA_LENGTH) {
+        if (salt.length != SALT_DATA_LENGTH && salt.length != ENCRYPTION_INFO_LENGTH - 1) {
             Log.v(TAG, "Salt does not match correct length");
             return null;
         }
@@ -94,12 +113,12 @@
         }
 
         List<Integer> actions = request.getActions();
-        if (actions.isEmpty()) {
-            Log.v(TAG, "ExtendedAdvertisement must contain at least one action");
-            return null;
-        }
-
         List<DataElement> dataElements = request.getExtendedProperties();
+        // DataElements should include actions.
+        for (int action : actions) {
+            dataElements.add(
+                    new DataElement(DataType.ACTION, new byte[]{(byte) action}));
+        }
         return new ExtendedAdvertisement(
                 request.getCredential().getIdentityType(),
                 identity,
@@ -109,149 +128,252 @@
                 dataElements);
     }
 
-    /** Serialize an {@link ExtendedAdvertisement} object into bytes with {@link DataElement}s */
-    @Nullable
-    public byte[] toBytes() {
-        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(getLength());
-
-        // Header
-        buffer.put(ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.constructHeader(getVersion()));
-
-        // Salt
-        buffer.put(mCompleteDataElementsBytes.get(0));
-
-        // Identity
-        buffer.put(mCompleteDataElementsBytes.get(1));
-
-        List<Byte> rawDataBytes = new ArrayList<>();
-        // Data Elements (Already includes salt and identity)
-        for (int i = 2; i < mCompleteDataElementsBytes.size(); i++) {
-            byte[] dataElementBytes = mCompleteDataElementsBytes.get(i);
-            for (Byte b : dataElementBytes) {
-                rawDataBytes.add(b);
-            }
-        }
-
-        byte[] dataElements = new byte[rawDataBytes.size()];
-        for (int i = 0; i < rawDataBytes.size(); i++) {
-            dataElements[i] = rawDataBytes.get(i);
-        }
-
-        buffer.put(
-                getCryptor(/* encrypt= */ true).encrypt(dataElements, getSalt(), mAuthenticityKey));
-
-        buffer.put(mHmacTag);
-
-        return buffer.array();
-    }
-
-    /** Deserialize from bytes into an {@link ExtendedAdvertisement} object.
-     * {@code null} when there is something when parsing.
+    /**
+     * Deserialize from bytes into an {@link ExtendedAdvertisement} object.
+     * Return {@code null} when there is an error in parsing.
      */
     @Nullable
-    public static ExtendedAdvertisement fromBytes(byte[] bytes, PublicCredential publicCredential) {
-        @BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion
+    public static ExtendedAdvertisement fromBytes(byte[] bytes, PublicCredential sharedCredential) {
+        @BroadcastVersion
         int version = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getVersion(bytes);
-        if (version != PresenceBroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1) {
+        if (version != PRESENCE_VERSION_V1) {
             Log.v(TAG, "ExtendedAdvertisement is used in V1 only and version is " + version);
             return null;
         }
 
-        byte[] authenticityKey = publicCredential.getAuthenticityKey();
-
-        int index = HEADER_LENGTH;
-        // Salt
-        byte[] saltHeaderArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getDataElementHeader(bytes, index);
-        DataElementHeader saltHeader = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(version, saltHeaderArray);
-        if (saltHeader == null || saltHeader.getDataType() != DataElement.DataType.SALT) {
-            Log.v(TAG, "First data element has to be salt.");
+        byte[] keySeed = sharedCredential.getAuthenticityKey();
+        byte[] metadataEncryptionKeyUnsignedAdvTag = sharedCredential.getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag();
+        if (keySeed == null || metadataEncryptionKeyUnsignedAdvTag == null) {
             return null;
         }
-        index += saltHeaderArray.length;
-        byte[] salt = new byte[saltHeader.getDataLength()];
-        for (int i = 0; i < saltHeader.getDataLength(); i++) {
-            salt[i] = bytes[index++];
-        }
 
-        // Identity
+        int index = 0;
+        // Header
+        byte[] header = new byte[]{bytes[index]};
+        index += HEADER_LENGTH;
+        // Section header
+        byte[] sectionHeader = new byte[]{bytes[index]};
+        index += HEADER_LENGTH;
+        // Salt or Encryption Info
+        byte[] firstHeaderArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getDataElementHeader(bytes, index);
+        DataElementHeader firstHeader = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(version, firstHeaderArray);
+        if (firstHeader == null) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "Cannot find salt.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        @DataType int firstType = firstHeader.getDataType();
+        if (firstType != DataType.SALT && firstType != DataType.ENCRYPTION_INFO) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "First data element has to be Salt or Encryption Info.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        index += firstHeaderArray.length;
+        byte[] firstDeBytes = new byte[firstHeader.getDataLength()];
+        for (int i = 0; i < firstHeader.getDataLength(); i++) {
+            firstDeBytes[i] = bytes[index++];
+        }
+        byte[] nonce = getNonce(firstType, firstDeBytes);
+        if (nonce == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        byte[] saltBytes = firstType == DataType.SALT
+                ? firstDeBytes : (new EncryptionInfo(firstDeBytes)).getSalt();
+
+        // Identity header
         byte[] identityHeaderArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getDataElementHeader(bytes, index);
         DataElementHeader identityHeader =
                 DataElementHeader.fromBytes(version, identityHeaderArray);
-        if (identityHeader == null) {
-            Log.v(TAG, "The second element has to be identity.");
+        if (identityHeader == null || identityHeader.getDataLength() != IDENTITY_DATA_LENGTH) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "The second element has to be a 16-bytes identity.");
             return null;
         }
         index += identityHeaderArray.length;
         @PresenceCredential.IdentityType int identityType =
                 toPresenceCredentialIdentityType(identityHeader.getDataType());
-        if (identityType == PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {
-            Log.v(TAG, "The identity type is unknown.");
+        if (identityType != PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE
+                && identityType != PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_TRUSTED) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "Only supports encrypted advertisement.");
             return null;
         }
-        byte[] encryptedIdentity = new byte[identityHeader.getDataLength()];
-        for (int i = 0; i < identityHeader.getDataLength(); i++) {
-            encryptedIdentity[i] = bytes[index++];
-        }
-        byte[] identity =
-                CryptorImpIdentityV1
-                        .getInstance().decrypt(encryptedIdentity, salt, authenticityKey);
-
-        Cryptor cryptor = getCryptor(/* encrypt= */ true);
-        byte[] encryptedDataElements =
-                new byte[bytes.length - index - cryptor.getSignatureLength()];
-        // Decrypt other data elements
-        System.arraycopy(bytes, index, encryptedDataElements, 0, encryptedDataElements.length);
-        byte[] decryptedDataElements =
-                cryptor.decrypt(encryptedDataElements, salt, authenticityKey);
-        if (decryptedDataElements == null) {
+        // Ciphertext
+        Cryptor cryptor = CryptorMicImp.getInstance();
+        byte[] ciphertext = new byte[bytes.length - index - cryptor.getSignatureLength()];
+        System.arraycopy(bytes, index, ciphertext, 0, ciphertext.length);
+        byte[] plaintext = cryptor.decrypt(ciphertext, nonce, keySeed);
+        if (plaintext == null) {
             return null;
         }
 
+        // Verification
+        // Verify the computed metadata encryption key tag
+        // First 16 bytes is metadata encryption key data
+        byte[] metadataEncryptionKey = new byte[IDENTITY_DATA_LENGTH];
+        System.arraycopy(plaintext, 0, metadataEncryptionKey, 0, IDENTITY_DATA_LENGTH);
+        // Verify metadata encryption key tag
+        byte[] computedMetadataEncryptionKeyTag =
+                CryptorMicImp.generateMetadataEncryptionKeyTag(metadataEncryptionKey,
+                        keySeed);
+        if (!Arrays.equals(computedMetadataEncryptionKeyTag, metadataEncryptionKeyUnsignedAdvTag)) {
+            Log.w(TAG,
+                    "The calculated metadata encryption key tag is different from the metadata "
+                            + "encryption key unsigned adv tag in the SharedCredential.");
+            return null;
+        }
         // Verify the computed HMAC tag is equal to HMAC tag in advertisement
-        if (cryptor.getSignatureLength() > 0) {
-            byte[] expectedHmacTag = new byte[cryptor.getSignatureLength()];
-            System.arraycopy(
-                    bytes, bytes.length - cryptor.getSignatureLength(),
-                    expectedHmacTag, 0, cryptor.getSignatureLength());
-            if (!cryptor.verify(decryptedDataElements, authenticityKey, expectedHmacTag)) {
-                Log.e(TAG, "HMAC tags not match.");
-                return null;
-            }
+        byte[] expectedHmacTag = new byte[cryptor.getSignatureLength()];
+        System.arraycopy(
+                bytes, bytes.length - cryptor.getSignatureLength(),
+                expectedHmacTag, 0, cryptor.getSignatureLength());
+        byte[] micInput =  ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(
+                PRESENCE_UUID_BYTES, header, sectionHeader,
+                firstHeaderArray, firstDeBytes,
+                nonce, identityHeaderArray, ciphertext);
+        if (!cryptor.verify(micInput, keySeed, expectedHmacTag)) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "HMAC tag not match.");
+            return null;
         }
 
-        int dataElementArrayIndex = 0;
-        // Other Data Elements
-        List<Integer> actions = new ArrayList<>();
-        List<DataElement> dataElements = new ArrayList<>();
-        while (dataElementArrayIndex < decryptedDataElements.length) {
-            byte[] deHeaderArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils
-                    .getDataElementHeader(decryptedDataElements, dataElementArrayIndex);
-            DataElementHeader deHeader = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(version, deHeaderArray);
-            dataElementArrayIndex += deHeaderArray.length;
+        byte[] otherDataElements = new byte[plaintext.length - IDENTITY_DATA_LENGTH];
+        System.arraycopy(plaintext, IDENTITY_DATA_LENGTH,
+                otherDataElements, 0, otherDataElements.length);
+        List<DataElement> dataElements = getDataElementsFromBytes(version, otherDataElements);
+        if (dataElements.isEmpty()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        List<Integer> actions = getActionsFromDataElements(dataElements);
+        if (actions == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return new ExtendedAdvertisement(identityType, metadataEncryptionKey, saltBytes, keySeed,
+                actions, dataElements);
+    }
 
-            @DataElement.DataType int type = Objects.requireNonNull(deHeader).getDataType();
-            if (type == DataElement.DataType.ACTION) {
-                if (deHeader.getDataLength() != 1) {
-                    Log.v(TAG, "Action id should only 1 byte.");
+    @PresenceCredential.IdentityType
+    private static int toPresenceCredentialIdentityType(@DataType int type) {
+        switch (type) {
+            case DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY:
+                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+            case DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY:
+                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PROVISIONED;
+            case DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY:
+                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_TRUSTED;
+            case DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY:
+            default:
+                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DataType
+    private static int toDataType(@PresenceCredential.IdentityType int identityType) {
+        switch (identityType) {
+            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE:
+                return DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY;
+            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PROVISIONED:
+                return DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY;
+            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_TRUSTED:
+                return DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY;
+            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
+            default:
+                return DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if the given {@link DataType} is salt, or one of the
+     * identities. Identities should be able to convert to {@link PresenceCredential.IdentityType}s.
+     */
+    private static boolean isSaltOrIdentity(@DataType int type) {
+        return type == DataType.SALT || type == DataType.ENCRYPTION_INFO
+                || type == DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY
+                || type == DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY
+                || type == DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY
+                || type == DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY;
+    }
+
+    /** Serialize an {@link ExtendedAdvertisement} object into bytes with {@link DataElement}s */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] toBytes() {
+        return mData.clone();
+    }
+
+    /** Serialize an {@link ExtendedAdvertisement} object into bytes with {@link DataElement}s */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] toBytesInternal() {
+        int sectionLength = 0;
+        // Salt
+        DataElement saltDe;
+        byte[] nonce;
+        try {
+            switch (mSalt.length) {
+                case SALT_DATA_LENGTH:
+                    saltDe = new DataElement(DataType.SALT, mSalt);
+                    nonce = CryptorMicImp.generateAdvNonce(mSalt);
+                    break;
+                case ENCRYPTION_INFO_LENGTH - 1:
+                    saltDe = new DataElement(DataType.ENCRYPTION_INFO,
+                            EncryptionInfo.toByte(EncryptionInfo.EncodingScheme.MIC, mSalt));
+                    nonce = CryptorMicImp.generateAdvNonce(mSalt, CIPHER_START_INDEX);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    Log.w(TAG, "Invalid salt size.");
                     return null;
-                }
-                actions.add((int) decryptedDataElements[dataElementArrayIndex++]);
-            } else {
-                if (isSaltOrIdentity(type)) {
-                    Log.v(TAG, "Type " + type + " is duplicated. There should be only one salt"
-                            + " and one identity in the advertisement.");
-                    return null;
-                }
-                byte[] deData = new byte[deHeader.getDataLength()];
-                for (int i = 0; i < deHeader.getDataLength(); i++) {
-                    deData[i] = decryptedDataElements[dataElementArrayIndex++];
-                }
-                dataElements.add(new DataElement(type, deData));
             }
+        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Failed to generate the IV for encryption.", e);
+            return null;
         }
 
-        return new ExtendedAdvertisement(identityType, identity, salt, authenticityKey, actions,
-                dataElements);
+        byte[] saltOrEncryptionInfoBytes =
+                ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(saltDe);
+        sectionLength += saltOrEncryptionInfoBytes.length;
+        // 16 bytes encrypted identity
+        @DataType int identityDataType = toDataType(getIdentityType());
+        byte[] identityHeaderBytes = new DataElementHeader(PRESENCE_VERSION_V1,
+                identityDataType, mIdentity.length).toBytes();
+        sectionLength += identityHeaderBytes.length;
+        final List<DataElement> dataElementList = getDataElements();
+        byte[] ciphertext = getCiphertext(nonce, dataElementList);
+        if (ciphertext == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        sectionLength += ciphertext.length;
+        // mic
+        sectionLength += CryptorMicImp.MIC_LENGTH;
+        mLength = sectionLength;
+        // header
+        byte header = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.constructHeader(getVersion());
+        mLength += HEADER_LENGTH;
+        // section header
+        if (sectionLength > 255) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "A section should be shorter than 255 bytes.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        byte sectionHeader = (byte) sectionLength;
+        mLength += HEADER_LENGTH;
+
+        // generates mic
+        ByteBuffer micInputBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(
+                mLength + PRESENCE_UUID_BYTES.length + nonce.length - CryptorMicImp.MIC_LENGTH);
+        micInputBuffer.put(PRESENCE_UUID_BYTES);
+        micInputBuffer.put(header);
+        micInputBuffer.put(sectionHeader);
+        micInputBuffer.put(saltOrEncryptionInfoBytes);
+        micInputBuffer.put(nonce);
+        micInputBuffer.put(identityHeaderBytes);
+        micInputBuffer.put(ciphertext);
+        byte[] micInput = micInputBuffer.array();
+        byte[] mic = CryptorMicImp.getInstance().sign(micInput, mKeySeed);
+        if (mic == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(mLength);
+        buffer.put(header);
+        buffer.put(sectionHeader);
+        buffer.put(saltOrEncryptionInfoBytes);
+        buffer.put(identityHeaderBytes);
+        buffer.put(ciphertext);
+        buffer.put(mic);
+        return buffer.array();
     }
 
     /** Returns the {@link DataElement}s in the advertisement. */
@@ -260,7 +382,7 @@
     }
 
     /** Returns the {@link DataElement}s in the advertisement according to the key. */
-    public List<DataElement> getDataElements(@DataElement.DataType int key) {
+    public List<DataElement> getDataElements(@DataType int key) {
         List<DataElement> res = new ArrayList<>();
         for (DataElement dataElement : mDataElements) {
             if (key == dataElement.getKey()) {
@@ -285,125 +407,86 @@
                 getActions());
     }
 
-    ExtendedAdvertisement(
-            @PresenceCredential.IdentityType int identityType,
-            byte[] identity,
-            byte[] salt,
-            byte[] authenticityKey,
-            List<Integer> actions,
-            List<DataElement> dataElements) {
-        this.mVersion = BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1;
-        this.mIdentityType = identityType;
-        this.mIdentity = identity;
-        this.mSalt = salt;
-        this.mAuthenticityKey = authenticityKey;
-        this.mActions = actions;
-        this.mDataElements = dataElements;
-        this.mCompleteDataElementsBytes = new ArrayList<>();
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] getCiphertext(byte[] nonce, List<DataElement> dataElements) {
+        Cryptor cryptor = CryptorMicImp.getInstance();
+        byte[] rawDeBytes = mIdentity;
+        for (DataElement dataElement : dataElements) {
+            rawDeBytes = ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(rawDeBytes,
+                    ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(dataElement));
+        }
+        return cryptor.encrypt(rawDeBytes, nonce, mKeySeed);
+    }
 
-        int length = HEADER_LENGTH; // header
+    private static List<DataElement> getDataElementsFromBytes(
+            @BroadcastVersion int version, byte[] bytes) {
+        List<DataElement> res = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(bytes)) {
+            return res;
+        }
+        int index = 0;
+        while (index < bytes.length) {
+            byte[] deHeaderArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils
+                    .getDataElementHeader(bytes, index);
+            DataElementHeader deHeader = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(version, deHeaderArray);
+            index += deHeaderArray.length;
+            @DataType int type = Objects.requireNonNull(deHeader).getDataType();
+            if (isSaltOrIdentity(type)) {
+                Log.v(TAG, "Type " + type + " is duplicated. There should be only one salt"
+                        + " and one identity in the advertisement.");
+                return new ArrayList<>();
+            }
+            byte[] deData = new byte[deHeader.getDataLength()];
+            for (int i = 0; i < deHeader.getDataLength(); i++) {
+                deData[i] = bytes[index++];
+            }
+            res.add(new DataElement(type, deData));
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
 
-        // Salt
-        DataElement saltElement = new DataElement(DataElement.DataType.SALT, salt);
-        byte[] saltByteArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(saltElement);
-        mCompleteDataElementsBytes.add(saltByteArray);
-        length += saltByteArray.length;
+    @Nullable
+    private static byte[] getNonce(@DataType int type, byte[] data) {
+        try {
+            if (type == DataType.SALT) {
+                if (data.length != SALT_DATA_LENGTH) {
+                    Log.v(TAG, "Salt DataElement needs to be 2 bytes.");
+                    return null;
+                }
+                return CryptorMicImp.generateAdvNonce(data);
+            } else if (type == DataType.ENCRYPTION_INFO) {
+                try {
+                    EncryptionInfo info = new EncryptionInfo(data);
+                    if (info.getEncodingScheme() != EncryptionInfo.EncodingScheme.MIC) {
+                        Log.v(TAG, "Not support Signature yet.");
+                        return null;
+                    }
+                    return CryptorMicImp.generateAdvNonce(info.getSalt(), CIPHER_START_INDEX);
+                } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "Salt DataElement needs to be 17 bytes.", e);
+                    return null;
+                }
+            }
+        }  catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Failed to decrypt metadata encryption key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
 
-        // Identity
-        byte[] encryptedIdentity =
-                CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance().encrypt(identity, salt, authenticityKey);
-        DataElement identityElement = new DataElement(toDataType(identityType), encryptedIdentity);
-        byte[] identityByteArray =
-                ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(identityElement);
-        mCompleteDataElementsBytes.add(identityByteArray);
-        length += identityByteArray.length;
-
-        List<Byte> dataElementBytes = new ArrayList<>();
-        // Intents
-        for (int action : mActions) {
-            DataElement actionElement = new DataElement(DataElement.DataType.ACTION,
-                    new byte[] {(byte) action});
-            byte[] intentByteArray =
-                    ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(actionElement);
-            mCompleteDataElementsBytes.add(intentByteArray);
-            for (Byte b : intentByteArray) {
-                dataElementBytes.add(b);
+    @Nullable
+    private static List<Integer> getActionsFromDataElements(List<DataElement> dataElements) {
+        List<Integer> actions = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (DataElement dataElement : dataElements) {
+            if (dataElement.getKey() == DataElement.DataType.ACTION) {
+                byte[] value = dataElement.getValue();
+                if (value.length != 1) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "Action should be only 1 byte.");
+                    return null;
+                }
+                actions.add(Byte.toUnsignedInt(value[0]));
             }
         }
-
-        // Data Elements (Extended properties)
-        for (DataElement dataElement : mDataElements) {
-            byte[] deByteArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(dataElement);
-            mCompleteDataElementsBytes.add(deByteArray);
-            for (Byte b : deByteArray) {
-                dataElementBytes.add(b);
-            }
-        }
-
-        byte[] data = new byte[dataElementBytes.size()];
-        for (int i = 0; i < dataElementBytes.size(); i++) {
-            data[i] = dataElementBytes.get(i);
-        }
-        Cryptor cryptor = getCryptor(/* encrypt= */ true);
-        byte[] encryptedDeBytes = cryptor.encrypt(data, salt, authenticityKey);
-
-        length += encryptedDeBytes.length;
-
-        // Signature
-        byte[] hmacTag = Objects.requireNonNull(cryptor.sign(data, authenticityKey));
-        mHmacTag = hmacTag;
-        length += hmacTag.length;
-
-        this.mLength = length;
-    }
-
-    @PresenceCredential.IdentityType
-    private static int toPresenceCredentialIdentityType(@DataElement.DataType int type) {
-        switch (type) {
-            case DataElement.DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY:
-                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
-            case DataElement.DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY:
-                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PROVISIONED;
-            case DataElement.DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY:
-                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_TRUSTED;
-            case DataElement.DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY:
-            default:
-                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
-        }
-    }
-
-    @DataElement.DataType
-    private static int toDataType(@PresenceCredential.IdentityType int identityType) {
-        switch (identityType) {
-            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE:
-                return DataElement.DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY;
-            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PROVISIONED:
-                return DataElement.DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY;
-            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_TRUSTED:
-                return DataElement.DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY;
-            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
-            default:
-                return DataElement.DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Returns {@code true} if the given {@link DataElement.DataType} is salt, or one of the
-     * identities. Identities should be able to convert to {@link PresenceCredential.IdentityType}s.
-     */
-    private static boolean isSaltOrIdentity(@DataElement.DataType int type) {
-        return type == DataElement.DataType.SALT || type == DataElement.DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY
-                || type == DataElement.DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY
-                || type == DataElement.DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY
-                || type == DataElement.DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY;
-    }
-
-    private static Cryptor getCryptor(boolean encrypt) {
-        if (encrypt) {
-            Log.d(TAG, "get V1 Cryptor");
-            return CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
-        }
-        Log.d(TAG, "get fake Cryptor");
-        return CryptorImpFake.getInstance();
+        return actions;
     }
 }
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceConstants.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceConstants.java
index 39bc60b..50dada2 100644
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceConstants.java
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceConstants.java
@@ -18,10 +18,14 @@
 
 import android.os.ParcelUuid;
 
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.ArrayUtils;
+
 /**
  * Constants for Nearby Presence operations.
  */
 public class PresenceConstants {
+    /** The Presence UUID value in byte array format. */
+    public static final byte[] PRESENCE_UUID_BYTES = ArrayUtils.intToByteArray(0xFCF1);
 
     /** Presence advertisement service data uuid. */
     public static final ParcelUuid PRESENCE_UUID =
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProvider.java
index 6829fba..66ae79c 100644
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProvider.java
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProvider.java
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@
                         case BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0:
                             bluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(getAdvertiseSettings(),
                                     advertiseData, this);
+                            Log.v(TAG, "Start to broadcast V0 advertisement.");
                             break;
                         case BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1:
                             if (adapter.isLeExtendedAdvertisingSupported()) {
@@ -92,6 +93,7 @@
                                         getAdvertisingSetParameters(),
                                         advertiseData,
                                         null, null, null, mAdvertisingSetCallback);
+                                Log.v(TAG, "Start to broadcast V1 advertisement.");
                             } else {
                                 Log.w(TAG, "Failed to start advertising set because the chipset"
                                         + " does not supports LE Extended Advertising feature.");
@@ -103,7 +105,8 @@
                                     + " is wrong.");
                             advertiseStarted = false;
                     }
-                } catch (NullPointerException | IllegalStateException | SecurityException e) {
+                } catch (NullPointerException | IllegalStateException | SecurityException
+                    | IllegalArgumentException e) {
                     Log.w(TAG, "Failed to start advertising.", e);
                     advertiseStarted = false;
                 }
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleDiscoveryProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleDiscoveryProvider.java
index 355f7cf..e4651b7 100644
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleDiscoveryProvider.java
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleDiscoveryProvider.java
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@
 import com.android.server.nearby.presence.ExtendedAdvertisement;
 import com.android.server.nearby.util.ArrayUtils;
 import com.android.server.nearby.util.ForegroundThread;
-import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpIdentityV1;
 
 import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 
@@ -69,15 +68,6 @@
     @GuardedBy("mLock")
     @Nullable
     private List<android.nearby.ScanFilter> mScanFilters;
-    private android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback mScanCallbackLegacy =
-            new android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback() {
-                @Override
-                public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult scanResult) {
-                }
-                @Override
-                public void onScanFailed(int errorCode) {
-                }
-            };
     private android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback mScanCallback =
             new android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback() {
                 @Override
@@ -133,10 +123,6 @@
                         .addMedium(NearbyDevice.Medium.BLE)
                         .setName(deviceName)
                         .setRssi(rssi);
-        for (int i : advertisement.getActions()) {
-            builder.addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(DataElement.DataType.ACTION,
-                    new byte[]{(byte) i}));
-        }
         for (DataElement dataElement : advertisement.getDataElements()) {
             builder.addExtendedProperty(dataElement);
         }
@@ -175,7 +161,6 @@
         if (isBleAvailable()) {
             Log.d(TAG, "BleDiscoveryProvider started");
             startScan(getScanFilters(), getScanSettings(/* legacy= */ false), mScanCallback);
-            startScan(getScanFilters(), getScanSettings(/* legacy= */ true), mScanCallbackLegacy);
             return;
         }
         Log.w(TAG, "Cannot start BleDiscoveryProvider because Ble is not available.");
@@ -192,7 +177,6 @@
         }
         Log.v(TAG, "Ble scan stopped.");
         bluetoothLeScanner.stopScan(mScanCallback);
-        bluetoothLeScanner.stopScan(mScanCallbackLegacy);
         synchronized (mLock) {
             if (mScanFilters != null) {
                 mScanFilters = null;
@@ -284,17 +268,13 @@
                         if (advertisement == null) {
                             continue;
                         }
-                        if (CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance().verify(
-                                advertisement.getIdentity(),
-                                credential.getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag())) {
-                            builder.setPresenceDevice(getPresenceDevice(advertisement, deviceName,
-                                    rssi));
-                            builder.setEncryptionKeyTag(credential.getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag());
-                            if (!ArrayUtils.isEmpty(credential.getSecretId())) {
-                                builder.setDeviceId(Arrays.hashCode(credential.getSecretId()));
-                            }
-                            return;
+                        builder.setPresenceDevice(getPresenceDevice(advertisement, deviceName,
+                                rssi));
+                        builder.setEncryptionKeyTag(credential.getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag());
+                        if (!ArrayUtils.isEmpty(credential.getSecretId())) {
+                            builder.setDeviceId(Arrays.hashCode(credential.getSecretId()));
                         }
+                        return;
                     }
                 }
             }
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProvider.java
index 7ab0523..035da29 100644
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProvider.java
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProvider.java
@@ -132,7 +132,6 @@
     protected void onSetScanFilters(List<ScanFilter> filters) {
         synchronized (mLock) {
             mScanFilters = filters == null ? null : List.copyOf(filters);
-            updateFiltersLocked();
         }
     }
 
@@ -156,7 +155,7 @@
             builder.setFastPairSupported(version != ChreCommunication.INVALID_NANO_APP_VERSION);
             try {
                 callback.onQueryComplete(builder.build());
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            } catch (RemoteException | NullPointerException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
             }
         });
@@ -351,7 +350,10 @@
                                             DataElement.DataType.ACTION,
                                             new byte[]{(byte) filterResult.getIntent()}));
                         }
-
+                        if (filterResult.hasDiscoveryTimestamp()) {
+                            presenceDeviceBuilder.setDiscoveryTimestampMillis(
+                                    filterResult.getDiscoveryTimestamp());
+                        }
                         PublicCredential publicCredential =
                                 new PublicCredential.Builder(
                                         secretId,
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtils.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtils.java
index 35251d8..e69d004 100644
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtils.java
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtils.java
@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@
  * ArrayUtils class that help manipulate array.
  */
 public class ArrayUtils {
+    private static final char[] HEX_UPPERCASE = {
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F'
+    };
+
     /** Concatenate N arrays of bytes into a single array. */
     public static byte[] concatByteArrays(byte[]... arrays) {
         // Degenerate case - no input provided.
@@ -52,4 +56,67 @@
     public static boolean isEmpty(byte[] bytes) {
         return bytes == null || bytes.length == 0;
     }
+
+    /** Appends a byte array to a byte. */
+    public static byte[] append(byte a, byte[] b) {
+        if (b == null) {
+            return new byte[]{a};
+        }
+
+        int length = b.length;
+        byte[] result = new byte[length + 1];
+        result[0] = a;
+        System.arraycopy(b, 0, result, 1, length);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts an Integer to a 2-byte array.
+     */
+    public static byte[] intToByteArray(int value) {
+        return new byte[] {(byte) (value >> 8), (byte) value};
+    }
+
+    /** Appends a byte to a byte array. */
+    public static byte[] append(byte[] a, byte b) {
+        if (a == null) {
+            return new byte[]{b};
+        }
+
+        int length = a.length;
+        byte[] result = new byte[length + 1];
+        System.arraycopy(a, 0, result, 0, length);
+        result[length] = b;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /** Convert an hex string to a byte array. */
+
+    public static byte[] stringToBytes(String hex) throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        int length = hex.length();
+        if (length % 2 != 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Hex string has odd number of characters");
+        }
+        byte[] out = new byte[length / 2];
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i += 2) {
+            // Byte.parseByte() doesn't work here because it expects a hex value in -128, 127, and
+            // our hex values are in 0, 255.
+            out[i / 2] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(hex.substring(i, i + 2), 16);
+        }
+        return out;
+    }
+
+    /** Encodes a byte array as a hexadecimal representation of bytes. */
+    public static String bytesToStringUppercase(byte[] bytes) {
+        int length = bytes.length;
+        StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(length * 2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            if (i == length - 1 && (bytes[i] & 0xff) == 0) {
+                break;
+            }
+            out.append(HEX_UPPERCASE[(bytes[i] & 0xf0) >>> 4]);
+            out.append(HEX_UPPERCASE[bytes[i] & 0x0f]);
+        }
+        return out.toString();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/Cryptor.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/Cryptor.java
index 3c5132d..ba9ca41 100644
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/Cryptor.java
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/Cryptor.java
@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@
 
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
+import com.google.common.hash.Hashing;
+
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
 import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
 import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 
@@ -30,22 +34,28 @@
 
 /** Class for encryption/decryption functionality. */
 public abstract class Cryptor {
+    /**
+     * In the form of "algorithm/mode/padding". Must be the same across broadcast and scan devices.
+     */
+    public static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "AES/CTR/NoPadding";
+
+    public static final byte[] NP_HKDF_SALT = "Google Nearby".getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
 
     /** AES only supports key sizes of 16, 24 or 32 bytes. */
     static final int AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE = 16;
 
-    private static final String HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM = "HmacSHA256";
+    public static final String HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM = "HmacSHA256";
 
     /**
      * Encrypt the provided data blob.
      *
      * @param data data blob to be encrypted.
-     * @param salt used for IV
+     * @param iv advertisement nonce
      * @param secretKeyBytes secrete key accessed from credentials
      * @return encrypted data, {@code null} if failed to encrypt.
      */
     @Nullable
-    public byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, byte[] salt, byte[] secretKeyBytes) {
+    public byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, byte[] iv, byte[] secretKeyBytes) {
         return data;
     }
 
@@ -53,12 +63,12 @@
      * Decrypt the original data blob from the provided byte array.
      *
      * @param encryptedData data blob to be decrypted.
-     * @param salt used for IV
+     * @param iv advertisement nonce
      * @param secretKeyBytes secrete key accessed from credentials
      * @return decrypted data, {@code null} if failed to decrypt.
      */
     @Nullable
-    public byte[] decrypt(byte[] encryptedData, byte[] salt, byte[] secretKeyBytes) {
+    public byte[] decrypt(byte[] encryptedData, byte[] iv, byte[] secretKeyBytes) {
         return encryptedData;
     }
 
@@ -90,7 +100,7 @@
      * A HAMC sha256 based HKDF algorithm to pseudo randomly hash data and salt into a byte array of
      * given size.
      */
-    // Based on google3/third_party/tink/java/src/main/java/com/google/crypto/tink/subtle/Hkdf.java
+    // Based on crypto/tink/subtle/Hkdf.java
     @Nullable
     static byte[] computeHkdf(byte[] ikm, byte[] salt, int size) {
         Mac mac;
@@ -146,4 +156,66 @@
 
         return result;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Computes an HKDF.
+     *
+     * @param macAlgorithm the MAC algorithm used for computing the Hkdf. I.e., "HMACSHA1" or
+     *                     "HMACSHA256".
+     * @param ikm          the input keying material.
+     * @param salt         optional salt. A possibly non-secret random value.
+     *                     (If no salt is provided i.e. if salt has length 0)
+     *                     then an array of 0s of the same size as the hash
+     *                     digest is used as salt.
+     * @param info         optional context and application specific information.
+     * @param size         The length of the generated pseudorandom string in bytes.
+     * @throws GeneralSecurityException if the {@code macAlgorithm} is not supported or if {@code
+     *                                  size} is too large or if {@code salt} is not a valid key for
+     *                                  macAlgorithm (which should not
+     *                                  happen since HMAC allows key sizes up to 2^64).
+     */
+    public static byte[] computeHkdf(
+            String macAlgorithm, final byte[] ikm, final byte[] salt, final byte[] info, int size)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(macAlgorithm);
+        if (size > 255 * mac.getMacLength()) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException("size too large");
+        }
+        if (salt == null || salt.length == 0) {
+            // According to RFC 5869, Section 2.2 the salt is optional. If no salt is provided
+            // then HKDF uses a salt that is an array of zeros of the same length as the hash
+            // digest.
+            mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(new byte[mac.getMacLength()], macAlgorithm));
+        } else {
+            mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(salt, macAlgorithm));
+        }
+        byte[] prk = mac.doFinal(ikm);
+        byte[] result = new byte[size];
+        int ctr = 1;
+        int pos = 0;
+        mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(prk, macAlgorithm));
+        byte[] digest = new byte[0];
+        while (true) {
+            mac.update(digest);
+            mac.update(info);
+            mac.update((byte) ctr);
+            digest = mac.doFinal();
+            if (pos + digest.length < size) {
+                System.arraycopy(digest, 0, result, pos, digest.length);
+                pos += digest.length;
+                ctr++;
+            } else {
+                System.arraycopy(digest, 0, result, pos, size - pos);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /** Generates the HMAC bytes. */
+    public static byte[] generateHmac(String algorithm, byte[] input, byte[] key) {
+        return Hashing.hmacSha256(new SecretKeySpec(key, algorithm))
+                .hashBytes(input)
+                .asBytes();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpFake.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpFake.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 1c0ec9e..0000000
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpFake.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
-
-import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
-
-/**
- * A Cryptor that returns the original data without actual encryption
- */
-public class CryptorImpFake extends Cryptor {
-    // Lazily instantiated when {@link #getInstance()} is called.
-    @Nullable
-    private static CryptorImpFake sCryptor;
-
-    /** Returns an instance of CryptorImpFake. */
-    public static CryptorImpFake getInstance() {
-        if (sCryptor == null) {
-            sCryptor = new CryptorImpFake();
-        }
-        return sCryptor;
-    }
-
-    private CryptorImpFake() {
-    }
-}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1.java
deleted file mode 100644
index b0e19b4..0000000
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,208 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
-
-import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
-
-import android.security.keystore.KeyProperties;
-import android.util.Log;
-
-import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
-
-import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
-
-import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
-import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
-import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-
-import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
-import javax.crypto.Cipher;
-import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
-import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
-import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
-import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
-import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
-
-/**
- * {@link android.nearby.BroadcastRequest#PRESENCE_VERSION_V1} for identity
- * encryption and decryption.
- */
-public class CryptorImpIdentityV1 extends Cryptor {
-
-    // 3 16 byte arrays known by both the encryptor and decryptor.
-    private static final byte[] EK_IV =
-            new byte[] {14, -123, -39, 42, 109, 127, 83, 27, 27, 11, 91, -38, 92, 17, -84, 66};
-    private static final byte[] ESALT_IV =
-            new byte[] {46, 83, -19, 10, -127, -31, -31, 12, 31, 76, 63, -9, 33, -66, 15, -10};
-    private static final byte[] KTAG_IV =
-            {-22, -83, -6, 67, 16, -99, -13, -9, 8, -3, -16, 37, -75, 47, 1, -56};
-
-    /** Length of encryption key required by AES/GCM encryption. */
-    private static final int ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE = 32;
-
-    /** Length of salt required by AES/GCM encryption. */
-    private static final int AES_CTR_IV_SIZE = 16;
-
-    /** Length HMAC tag */
-    public static final int HMAC_TAG_SIZE = 8;
-
-    /**
-     * In the form of "algorithm/mode/padding". Must be the same across broadcast and scan devices.
-     */
-    private static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "AES/CTR/NoPadding";
-
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    static final String ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM = KeyProperties.KEY_ALGORITHM_AES;
-
-    // Lazily instantiated when {@link #getInstance()} is called.
-    @Nullable private static CryptorImpIdentityV1 sCryptor;
-
-    /** Returns an instance of CryptorImpIdentityV1. */
-    public static CryptorImpIdentityV1 getInstance() {
-        if (sCryptor == null) {
-            sCryptor = new CryptorImpIdentityV1();
-        }
-        return sCryptor;
-    }
-
-    @Nullable
-    @Override
-    public byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, byte[] salt, byte[] authenticityKey) {
-        if (authenticityKey.length != AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE) {
-            Log.w(TAG, "Illegal authenticity key size");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        // Generates a 32 bytes encryption key from authenticity_key
-        byte[] encryptionKey = Cryptor.computeHkdf(authenticityKey, EK_IV, ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE);
-        if (encryptionKey == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate encryption key.");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        // Encrypts the data using the encryption key
-        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(encryptionKey, ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM);
-        Cipher cipher;
-        try {
-            cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
-        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to encrypt with secret key.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-        byte[] esalt = Cryptor.computeHkdf(salt, ESALT_IV, AES_CTR_IV_SIZE);
-        if (esalt == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate salt.");
-            return null;
-        }
-        try {
-            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(esalt));
-        } catch (InvalidKeyException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize cipher.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-        try {
-            return cipher.doFinal(data);
-        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to encrypt with secret key.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Nullable
-    @Override
-    public byte[] decrypt(byte[] encryptedData, byte[] salt, byte[] authenticityKey) {
-        if (authenticityKey.length != AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE) {
-            Log.w(TAG, "Illegal authenticity key size");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        // Generates a 32 bytes encryption key from authenticity_key
-        byte[] encryptionKey = Cryptor.computeHkdf(authenticityKey, EK_IV, ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE);
-        if (encryptionKey == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate encryption key.");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        // Decrypts the data using the encryption key
-        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(encryptionKey, ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM);
-        Cipher cipher;
-        try {
-            cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
-        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get cipher instance.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-        byte[] esalt = Cryptor.computeHkdf(salt, ESALT_IV, AES_CTR_IV_SIZE);
-        if (esalt == null) {
-            return null;
-        }
-        try {
-            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(esalt));
-        } catch (InvalidKeyException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize cipher.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        try {
-            return cipher.doFinal(encryptedData);
-        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to decrypt bytes with secret key.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Generates a digital signature for the data.
-     *
-     * @return signature {@code null} if failed to sign
-     */
-    @Nullable
-    @Override
-    public byte[] sign(byte[] data, byte[] salt) {
-        if (data == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Not generate HMAC tag because of invalid data input.");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        // Generates a 8 bytes HMAC tag
-        return Cryptor.computeHkdf(data, salt, HMAC_TAG_SIZE);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Generates a digital signature for the data.
-     * Uses KTAG_IV as salt value.
-     */
-    @Nullable
-    public byte[] sign(byte[] data) {
-        // Generates a 8 bytes HMAC tag
-        return sign(data, KTAG_IV);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean verify(byte[] data, byte[] key, byte[] signature) {
-        return Arrays.equals(sign(data, key), signature);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Verifies the signature generated by data and key, with the original signed data. Uses
-     * KTAG_IV as salt value.
-     */
-    public boolean verify(byte[] data, byte[] signature) {
-        return verify(data, KTAG_IV, signature);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 15073fb..0000000
--- a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,212 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
-
-import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
-
-import android.security.keystore.KeyProperties;
-import android.util.Log;
-
-import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
-
-import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
-
-import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
-import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
-import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-
-import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
-import javax.crypto.Cipher;
-import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
-import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
-import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
-import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
-import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
-
-/**
- * {@link android.nearby.BroadcastRequest#PRESENCE_VERSION_V1} for encryption and decryption.
- */
-public class CryptorImpV1 extends Cryptor {
-
-    /**
-     * In the form of "algorithm/mode/padding". Must be the same across broadcast and scan devices.
-     */
-    private static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "AES/CTR/NoPadding";
-
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    static final String ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM = KeyProperties.KEY_ALGORITHM_AES;
-
-    /** Length of encryption key required by AES/GCM encryption. */
-    private static final int ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE = 32;
-
-    /** Length of salt required by AES/GCM encryption. */
-    private static final int AES_CTR_IV_SIZE = 16;
-
-    /** Length HMAC tag */
-    public static final int HMAC_TAG_SIZE = 16;
-
-    // 3 16 byte arrays known by both the encryptor and decryptor.
-    private static final byte[] AK_IV =
-            new byte[] {12, -59, 19, 23, 96, 57, -59, 19, 117, -31, -116, -61, 86, -25, -33, -78};
-    private static final byte[] ASALT_IV =
-            new byte[] {111, 48, -83, -79, -10, -102, -16, 73, 43, 55, 102, -127, 58, -19, -113, 4};
-    private static final byte[] HK_IV =
-            new byte[] {12, -59, 19, 23, 96, 57, -59, 19, 117, -31, -116, -61, 86, -25, -33, -78};
-
-    // Lazily instantiated when {@link #getInstance()} is called.
-    @Nullable private static CryptorImpV1 sCryptor;
-
-    /** Returns an instance of CryptorImpV1. */
-    public static CryptorImpV1 getInstance() {
-        if (sCryptor == null) {
-            sCryptor = new CryptorImpV1();
-        }
-        return sCryptor;
-    }
-
-    private CryptorImpV1() {
-    }
-
-    @Nullable
-    @Override
-    public byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, byte[] salt, byte[] authenticityKey) {
-        if (authenticityKey.length != AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE) {
-            Log.w(TAG, "Illegal authenticity key size");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        // Generates a 32 bytes encryption key from authenticity_key
-        byte[] encryptionKey = Cryptor.computeHkdf(authenticityKey, AK_IV, ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE);
-        if (encryptionKey == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate encryption key.");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        // Encrypts the data using the encryption key
-        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(encryptionKey, ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM);
-        Cipher cipher;
-        try {
-            cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
-        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to encrypt with secret key.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-        byte[] asalt = Cryptor.computeHkdf(salt, ASALT_IV, AES_CTR_IV_SIZE);
-        if (asalt == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate salt.");
-            return null;
-        }
-        try {
-            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(asalt));
-        } catch (InvalidKeyException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize cipher.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-        try {
-            return cipher.doFinal(data);
-        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to encrypt with secret key.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Nullable
-    @Override
-    public byte[] decrypt(byte[] encryptedData, byte[] salt, byte[] authenticityKey) {
-        if (authenticityKey.length != AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE) {
-            Log.w(TAG, "Illegal authenticity key size");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        // Generates a 32 bytes encryption key from authenticity_key
-        byte[] encryptionKey = Cryptor.computeHkdf(authenticityKey, AK_IV, ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE);
-        if (encryptionKey == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate encryption key.");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        // Decrypts the data using the encryption key
-        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(encryptionKey, ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM);
-        Cipher cipher;
-        try {
-            cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
-        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get cipher instance.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-        byte[] asalt = Cryptor.computeHkdf(salt, ASALT_IV, AES_CTR_IV_SIZE);
-        if (asalt == null) {
-            return null;
-        }
-        try {
-            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(asalt));
-        } catch (InvalidKeyException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize cipher.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        try {
-            return cipher.doFinal(encryptedData);
-        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to decrypt bytes with secret key.", e);
-            return null;
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @Nullable
-    public byte[] sign(byte[] data, byte[] key) {
-        return generateHmacTag(data, key);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int getSignatureLength() {
-        return HMAC_TAG_SIZE;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean verify(byte[] data, byte[] key, byte[] signature) {
-        return Arrays.equals(sign(data, key), signature);
-    }
-
-    /** Generates a 16 bytes HMAC tag. This is used for decryptor to verify if the computed HMAC tag
-     * is equal to HMAC tag in advertisement to see data integrity. */
-    @Nullable
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    byte[] generateHmacTag(byte[] data, byte[] authenticityKey) {
-        if (data == null || authenticityKey == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Not generate HMAC tag because of invalid data input.");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        if (authenticityKey.length != AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Illegal authenticity key size");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        // Generates a 32 bytes HMAC key from authenticity_key
-        byte[] hmacKey = Cryptor.computeHkdf(authenticityKey, HK_IV, AES_CTR_IV_SIZE);
-        if (hmacKey == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate HMAC key.");
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        // Generates a 16 bytes HMAC tag from authenticity_key
-        return Cryptor.computeHkdf(data, hmacKey, HMAC_TAG_SIZE);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorMicImp.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorMicImp.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3dbf85c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorMicImp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.security.keystore.KeyProperties;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.ArrayUtils;
+
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
+import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
+import javax.crypto.Cipher;
+import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
+import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
+import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
+import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
+import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
+
+/**
+ * MIC encryption and decryption for {@link android.nearby.BroadcastRequest#PRESENCE_VERSION_V1}
+ * advertisement
+ */
+public class CryptorMicImp extends Cryptor {
+
+    public static final int MIC_LENGTH = 16;
+
+    private static final String ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM = KeyProperties.KEY_ALGORITHM_AES;
+    private static final byte[] AES_KEY_INFO_BYTES = "Unsigned Section AES key".getBytes(
+            StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
+    private static final byte[] ADV_NONCE_INFO_BYTES_SALT_DE = "Unsigned Section IV".getBytes(
+            StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
+    private static final byte[] ADV_NONCE_INFO_BYTES_ENCRYPTION_INFO_DE =
+            "V1 derived salt".getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
+    private static final byte[] METADATA_KEY_HMAC_KEY_INFO_BYTES =
+            "Unsigned Section metadata key HMAC key".getBytes(StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
+    private static final byte[] MIC_HMAC_KEY_INFO_BYTES = "Unsigned Section HMAC key".getBytes(
+            StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
+    private static final int AES_KEY_SIZE = 16;
+    private static final int ADV_NONCE_SIZE_SALT_DE = 16;
+    private static final int ADV_NONCE_SIZE_ENCRYPTION_INFO_DE = 12;
+    private static final int HMAC_KEY_SIZE = 32;
+
+    // Lazily instantiated when {@link #getInstance()} is called.
+    @Nullable
+    private static CryptorMicImp sCryptor;
+
+    private CryptorMicImp() {
+    }
+
+    /** Returns an instance of CryptorImpV1. */
+    public static CryptorMicImp getInstance() {
+        if (sCryptor == null) {
+            sCryptor = new CryptorMicImp();
+        }
+        return sCryptor;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generate the meta data encryption key tag
+     * @param metadataEncryptionKey used as identity
+     * @param keySeed authenticity key saved in local and shared credential
+     * @return bytes generated by hmac or {@code null} when there is an error
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] generateMetadataEncryptionKeyTag(byte[] metadataEncryptionKey,
+            byte[] keySeed) {
+        try {
+            byte[] metadataKeyHmacKey = generateMetadataKeyHmacKey(keySeed);
+            return Cryptor.generateHmac(/* algorithm= */ HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM, /* input= */
+                    metadataEncryptionKey, /* key= */ metadataKeyHmacKey);
+        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate Metadata encryption key tag.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param salt from the 2 bytes Salt Data Element
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] generateAdvNonce(byte[] salt) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        return Cryptor.computeHkdf(
+                /* macAlgorithm= */ HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM,
+                /* ikm = */ salt,
+                /* salt= */ NP_HKDF_SALT,
+                /* info= */ ADV_NONCE_INFO_BYTES_SALT_DE,
+                /* size= */ ADV_NONCE_SIZE_SALT_DE);
+    }
+
+    /** Generates the 12 bytes nonce with salt from the 2 bytes Salt Data Element */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] generateAdvNonce(byte[] salt, int deIndex)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        // go/nearby-specs-working-doc
+        // Indices are encoded as big-endian unsigned 32-bit integers, starting at 1.
+        // Index 0 is reserved
+        byte[] indexBytes = new byte[4];
+        indexBytes[3] = (byte) deIndex;
+        byte[] info =
+                ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(ADV_NONCE_INFO_BYTES_ENCRYPTION_INFO_DE, indexBytes);
+        return Cryptor.computeHkdf(
+                /* macAlgorithm= */ HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM,
+                /* ikm = */ salt,
+                /* salt= */ NP_HKDF_SALT,
+                /* info= */ info,
+                /* size= */ ADV_NONCE_SIZE_ENCRYPTION_INFO_DE);
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    @Override
+    public byte[] encrypt(byte[] input, byte[] iv, byte[] keySeed) {
+        if (input == null || iv == null || keySeed == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        Cipher cipher;
+        try {
+            cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to encrypt with secret key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        byte[] aesKey;
+        try {
+            aesKey = generateAesKey(keySeed);
+        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Encryption failed because failed to generate the AES key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (aesKey == null) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Failed to generate the AES key.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(aesKey, ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM);
+        try {
+            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(iv));
+        } catch (InvalidKeyException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize cipher.", e);
+            return null;
+
+        }
+        try {
+            return cipher.doFinal(input);
+        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to encrypt with secret key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    @Override
+    public byte[] decrypt(byte[] encryptedData, byte[] iv, byte[] keySeed) {
+        if (encryptedData == null || iv == null || keySeed == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        Cipher cipher;
+        try {
+            cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get cipher instance.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        byte[] aesKey;
+        try {
+            aesKey = generateAesKey(keySeed);
+        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Decryption failed because failed to generate the AES key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(aesKey, ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM);
+        try {
+            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(iv));
+        } catch (InvalidKeyException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize cipher.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return cipher.doFinal(encryptedData);
+        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to decrypt bytes with secret key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] sign(byte[] data, byte[] key) {
+        byte[] res = generateHmacTag(data, key);
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getSignatureLength() {
+        return MIC_LENGTH;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean verify(byte[] data, byte[] key, byte[] signature) {
+        return Arrays.equals(sign(data, key), signature);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a 16 bytes HMAC tag. This is used for decryptor to verify if the computed HMAC tag
+     * is equal to HMAC tag in advertisement to see data integrity.
+     *
+     * @param input   concatenated advertisement UUID, header, section header, derived salt, and
+     *                section content
+     * @param keySeed the MIC HMAC key is calculated using the derived key
+     * @return the first 16 bytes of HMAC-SHA256 result
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    byte[] generateHmacTag(byte[] input, byte[] keySeed) {
+        try {
+            if (input == null || keySeed == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            byte[] micHmacKey = generateMicHmacKey(keySeed);
+            byte[] hmac = Cryptor.generateHmac(/* algorithm= */ HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM, /* input= */
+                    input, /* key= */ micHmacKey);
+            if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(hmac)) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            return Arrays.copyOf(hmac, MIC_LENGTH);
+        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate mic hmac key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private static byte[] generateAesKey(byte[] keySeed) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        return Cryptor.computeHkdf(
+                /* macAlgorithm= */ HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM,
+                /* ikm = */ keySeed,
+                /* salt= */ NP_HKDF_SALT,
+                /* info= */ AES_KEY_INFO_BYTES,
+                /* size= */ AES_KEY_SIZE);
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] generateMetadataKeyHmacKey(byte[] keySeed)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        return generateHmacKey(keySeed, METADATA_KEY_HMAC_KEY_INFO_BYTES);
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] generateMicHmacKey(byte[] keySeed) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        return generateHmacKey(keySeed, MIC_HMAC_KEY_INFO_BYTES);
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] generateHmacKey(byte[] keySeed, byte[] info)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        return Cryptor.computeHkdf(
+                /* macAlgorithm= */ HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM,
+                /* ikm = */ keySeed,
+                /* salt= */ NP_HKDF_SALT,
+                /* info= */ info,
+                /* size= */ HMAC_KEY_SIZE);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/proto/src/presence/blefilter.proto b/nearby/service/proto/src/presence/blefilter.proto
index e1bf455..01f16cb 100644
--- a/nearby/service/proto/src/presence/blefilter.proto
+++ b/nearby/service/proto/src/presence/blefilter.proto
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@
   repeated DataElement data_element = 7;
   optional bytes ble_service_data = 8;
   optional ResultType result_type = 9;
+  optional uint64 discovery_timestamp = 10; // Timestamp when the device is discovered.
 }
 
 message BleFilterResults {
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyConfigurationTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyConfigurationTest.java
index 5ddfed3..644e178 100644
--- a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyConfigurationTest.java
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyConfigurationTest.java
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
 
 import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
@@ -68,7 +69,12 @@
                 "3", false);
         Thread.sleep(500);
 
-        assertThat(mNearbyConfiguration.isTestAppSupported()).isTrue();
+        // TestAppSupported Flag can only be set to true in user-debug devices.
+        if (Build.isDebuggable()) {
+            assertThat(mNearbyConfiguration.isTestAppSupported()).isTrue();
+        } else {
+            assertThat(mNearbyConfiguration.isTestAppSupported()).isFalse();
+        }
         assertThat(mNearbyConfiguration.isPresenceBroadcastLegacyEnabled()).isTrue();
         assertThat(mNearbyConfiguration.getNanoAppMinVersion()).isEqualTo(3);
     }
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/BroadcastProviderManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/BroadcastProviderManagerTest.java
index bc38210..7ff7b13 100644
--- a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/BroadcastProviderManagerTest.java
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/BroadcastProviderManagerTest.java
@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@
 
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import android.app.UiAutomation;
 import android.content.Context;
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@
 import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest;
 import android.nearby.PresenceCredential;
 import android.nearby.PrivateCredential;
+import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
 
 import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
@@ -74,6 +77,8 @@
     IBroadcastListener mBroadcastListener;
     @Mock
     BleBroadcastProvider mBleBroadcastProvider;
+    @Mock
+    IBinder mBinder;
     private Context mContext;
     private BroadcastProviderManager mBroadcastProviderManager;
     private BroadcastRequest mBroadcastRequest;
@@ -82,9 +87,12 @@
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() {
+        when(mBroadcastListener.asBinder()).thenReturn(mBinder);
         mUiAutomation.adoptShellPermissionIdentity(WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG, READ_DEVICE_CONFIG);
         DeviceConfig.setProperty(
                 NAMESPACE, NEARBY_ENABLE_PRESENCE_BROADCAST_LEGACY, "true", false);
+        DeviceConfig.setProperty(
+                NAMESPACE, NEARBY_SUPPORT_TEST_APP, "true", false);
 
         mContext = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext();
         mBroadcastProviderManager = new BroadcastProviderManager(
@@ -104,15 +112,28 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testStartAdvertising() {
+    public void testStartAdvertising() throws Exception {
         mBroadcastProviderManager.startBroadcast(mBroadcastRequest, mBroadcastListener);
         verify(mBleBroadcastProvider).start(eq(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0),
                 any(byte[].class), any(BleBroadcastProvider.BroadcastListener.class));
+        verify(mBinder).linkToDeath(any(), eq(0));
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testStopAdvertising() {
+        mBroadcastProviderManager.startBroadcast(mBroadcastRequest, mBroadcastListener);
         mBroadcastProviderManager.stopBroadcast(mBroadcastListener);
+        verify(mBinder).unlinkToDeath(any(), eq(0));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRegisterAdvertising_twoTimes_fail() throws Exception {
+        IBroadcastListener newListener = mock(IBroadcastListener.class);
+        IBinder newBinder = mock(IBinder.class);
+        when(newListener.asBinder()).thenReturn(newBinder);
+        mBroadcastProviderManager.startBroadcast(mBroadcastRequest, mBroadcastListener);
+        mBroadcastProviderManager.startBroadcast(mBroadcastRequest, newListener);
+        verify(newListener).onStatusChanged(eq(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE));
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerLegacyTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerLegacyTest.java
index aa0dad3..a8c30a8 100644
--- a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerLegacyTest.java
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerLegacyTest.java
@@ -23,10 +23,12 @@
 
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.atLeastOnce;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.nearby.DataElement;
 import android.nearby.IScanListener;
@@ -86,6 +88,8 @@
     DiscoveryProviderManagerLegacy.ScanListenerDeathRecipient mScanListenerDeathRecipient;
     @Mock
     IBinder mIBinder;
+    @Mock
+    BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
     private DiscoveryProviderManagerLegacy mDiscoveryProviderManager;
     private Map<IBinder, DiscoveryProviderManagerLegacy.ScanListenerRecord>
             mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap;
@@ -137,8 +141,11 @@
     public void setup() {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
         when(mInjector.getAppOpsManager()).thenReturn(mAppOpsManager);
+        when(mInjector.getBluetoothAdapter()).thenReturn(mBluetoothAdapter);
         when(mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController()).thenReturn(mBluetoothController);
         when(mChreDiscoveryProvider.getController()).thenReturn(mChreController);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(true);
 
         mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap = new HashMap<>();
         mDiscoveryProviderManager =
@@ -164,6 +171,13 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void test_enableBleWhenBleOff() throws Exception {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        mDiscoveryProviderManager.init();
+        verify(mBluetoothAdapter, times(1)).enableBLE();
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testStartProviders_chreOnlyChreAvailable_bleProviderNotStarted() {
         when(mChreDiscoveryProvider.available()).thenReturn(true);
 
@@ -375,4 +389,62 @@
                 .isTrue();
         assertThat(manager.mChreDiscoveryProvider.getFiltersLocked()).isNotNull();
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void isBluetoothEnabledTest_bluetoothEnabled() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.enableBLE()).thenReturn(true);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void isBluetoothEnabledTest_bleEnabled() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.enableBLE()).thenReturn(true);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void enabledTest_enabled() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.enableBLE()).thenReturn(true);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void enabledTest_enableFailed() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.enableBLE()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void enabledTest_scanIsOn() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void enabledTest_failed() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isFalse();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerTest.java
index 7ecf631..b05893f 100644
--- a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerTest.java
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/managers/DiscoveryProviderManagerTest.java
@@ -24,10 +24,12 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.atLeastOnce;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.nearby.DataElement;
 import android.nearby.IScanListener;
@@ -80,6 +82,8 @@
     CallerIdentity mCallerIdentity;
     @Mock
     IBinder mIBinder;
+    @Mock
+    BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
     private Executor mExecutor;
     private DiscoveryProviderManager mDiscoveryProviderManager;
 
@@ -134,6 +138,9 @@
         when(mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController()).thenReturn(mBluetoothController);
         when(mChreDiscoveryProvider.getController()).thenReturn(mChreController);
         when(mScanListener.asBinder()).thenReturn(mIBinder);
+        when(mInjector.getBluetoothAdapter()).thenReturn(mBluetoothAdapter);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(true);
 
         mDiscoveryProviderManager =
                 new DiscoveryProviderManager(mContext, mExecutor, mInjector,
@@ -157,6 +164,13 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void test_enableBleWhenBleOff() throws Exception {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        mDiscoveryProviderManager.init();
+        verify(mBluetoothAdapter, times(1)).enableBLE();
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testStartProviders_chreOnlyChreAvailable_bleProviderNotStarted() {
         reset(mBluetoothController);
         when(mChreDiscoveryProvider.available()).thenReturn(true);
@@ -336,4 +350,62 @@
                 .isTrue();
         assertThat(manager.mChreDiscoveryProvider.getFiltersLocked()).isNotNull();
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void isBluetoothEnabledTest_bluetoothEnabled() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.enableBLE()).thenReturn(true);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void isBluetoothEnabledTest_bleEnabled() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.enableBLE()).thenReturn(true);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void enabledTest_enabled() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.enableBLE()).thenReturn(true);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void enabledTest_enableFailed() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.enableBLE()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void enabledTest_scanIsOn() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void enabledTest_failed() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isLeEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isBleScanAlwaysAvailable()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryProviderManager.setBleScanEnabled()).isFalse();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/EncryptionInfoTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/EncryptionInfoTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ec7c57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/EncryptionInfoTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.presence.EncryptionInfo.EncodingScheme;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.ArrayUtils;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link EncryptionInfo}.
+ */
+public class EncryptionInfoTest {
+    private static final byte[] SALT =
+            new byte[]{25, -21, 35, -108, -26, -126, 99, 60, 110, 45, -116, 34, 91, 126, -23, 127};
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_illegalLength() {
+        byte[] data = new byte[]{1, 2};
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new EncryptionInfo(data));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_illegalEncodingScheme() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> new EncryptionInfo(ArrayUtils.append((byte) 0b10110000, SALT)));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> new EncryptionInfo(ArrayUtils.append((byte) 0b01101000, SALT)));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getMethods_signature() {
+        byte[] data = ArrayUtils.append((byte) 0b10001000, SALT);
+        EncryptionInfo info = new EncryptionInfo(data);
+        assertThat(info.getEncodingScheme()).isEqualTo(EncodingScheme.SIGNATURE);
+        assertThat(info.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getMethods_mic() {
+        byte[] data = ArrayUtils.append((byte) 0b10000000, SALT);
+        EncryptionInfo info = new EncryptionInfo(data);
+        assertThat(info.getEncodingScheme()).isEqualTo(EncodingScheme.MIC);
+        assertThat(info.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT);
+    }
+    @Test
+    public void test_toBytes() {
+        byte[] data = EncryptionInfo.toByte(EncodingScheme.MIC, SALT);
+        EncryptionInfo info = new EncryptionInfo(data);
+        assertThat(info.getEncodingScheme()).isEqualTo(EncodingScheme.MIC);
+        assertThat(info.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementTest.java
index 895df69..3f00a42 100644
--- a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementTest.java
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
 
+import static com.android.server.nearby.presence.PresenceConstants.PRESENCE_UUID_BYTES;
+
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 
 import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
@@ -25,19 +27,22 @@
 import android.nearby.PrivateCredential;
 import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
 
-import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpIdentityV1;
-import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpV1;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.ArrayUtils;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorMicImp;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 
 public class ExtendedAdvertisementTest {
+    private static final int EXTENDED_ADVERTISEMENT_BYTE_LENGTH = 67;
     private static final int IDENTITY_TYPE = PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_ACTION = 6;
     private static final int DATA_TYPE_MODEL_ID = 7;
     private static final int DATA_TYPE_BLE_ADDRESS = 101;
     private static final int DATA_TYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTITY = 3;
@@ -49,18 +54,23 @@
     private static final DataElement BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT =
             new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_BLE_ADDRESS, BLE_ADDRESS);
 
-    private static final byte[] IDENTITY =
-            new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY =
+            new byte[]{-39, -55, 115, 78, -57, 40, 115, 0, -112, 86, -86, 7, -42, 68, 11, 12};
     private static final int MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE = 0;
     private static final byte[] SALT = {2, 3};
+
     private static final int PRESENCE_ACTION_1 = 1;
     private static final int PRESENCE_ACTION_2 = 2;
+    private static final DataElement PRESENCE_ACTION_DE_1 =
+            new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_ACTION, new byte[]{PRESENCE_ACTION_1});
+    private static final DataElement PRESENCE_ACTION_DE_2 =
+            new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_ACTION, new byte[]{PRESENCE_ACTION_2});
 
     private static final byte[] SECRET_ID = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
     private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY =
             new byte[]{-97, 10, 107, -86, 25, 65, -54, -95, -72, 59, 54, 93, 9, 3, -24, -88};
     private static final byte[] PUBLIC_KEY =
-            new byte[] {
+            new byte[]{
                     48, 89, 48, 19, 6, 7, 42, -122, 72, -50, 61, 2, 1, 6, 8, 42, -122, 72, -50, 61,
                     66, 0, 4, -56, -39, -92, 69, 0, 52, 23, 67, 83, -14, 75, 52, -14, -5, -41, 48,
                     -83, 31, 42, -39, 102, -13, 22, -73, -73, 86, 30, -96, -84, -13, 4, 122, 104,
@@ -68,7 +78,7 @@
                     123, 41, -119, -25, 1, -112, 112
             };
     private static final byte[] ENCRYPTED_METADATA_BYTES =
-            new byte[] {
+            new byte[]{
                     -44, -25, -95, -124, -7, 90, 116, -8, 7, -120, -23, -22, -106, -44, -19, 61,
                     -18, 39, 29, 78, 108, -11, -39, 85, -30, 64, -99, 102, 65, 37, -42, 114, -37,
                     88, -112, 8, -75, -53, 23, -16, -104, 67, 49, 48, -53, 73, -109, 44, -23, -11,
@@ -78,23 +88,65 @@
                     -4, -46, -30, -85, -50, 100, 46, -66, -128, 7, 66, 9, 88, 95, 12, -13, 81, -91,
             };
     private static final byte[] METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG =
-            new byte[] {-126, -104, 1, -1, 26, -46, -68, -86};
+            new byte[]{-100, 102, -35, -99, 66, -85, -55, -58, -52, 11, -74, 102, 109, -89, 1, -34,
+                    45, 43, 107, -60, 99, -21, 28, 34, 31, -100, -96, 108, 108, -18, 107, 5};
+
+    private static final String ENCODED_ADVERTISEMENT_ENCRYPTION_INFO =
+            "2091911000DE2A89ED98474AF3E41E48487E8AEBDE90014C18BCB9F9AAC5C11A1BE00A10A5DCD2C49A74BE"
+                    + "BAF0FE72FD5053B9DF8B9976C80BE0DCE8FEE83F1BFA9A89EB176CA48EE4ED5D15C6CDAD6B9E"
+                    + "41187AA6316D7BFD8E454A53971AC00836F7AB0771FF0534050037D49C6AEB18CF9F8590E5CD"
+                    + "EE2FBC330FCDC640C63F0735B7E3F02FE61A0496EF976A158AD3455D";
+    private static final byte[] METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG_2 =
+            new byte[]{-54, -39, 41, 16, 61, 79, -116, 14, 94, 0, 84, 45, 26, -108, 66, -48, 124,
+                    -81, 61, 56, -98, -47, 14, -19, 116, 106, -27, 123, -81, 49, 83, -42};
+
     private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "test_device";
 
+    private static final byte[] SALT_16 =
+            ArrayUtils.stringToBytes("DE2A89ED98474AF3E41E48487E8AEBDE");
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY_2 =  ArrayUtils.stringToBytes(
+            "959D2F3CAB8EE4A2DEB0255C03762CF5D39EB919300420E75A089050FB025E20");
+    private static final byte[] METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_2 =  ArrayUtils.stringToBytes(
+            "EF5E9A0867560E52AE1F05FCA7E48D29");
+
+    private static final DataElement DE1 = new DataElement(571, ArrayUtils.stringToBytes(
+            "537F96FD94E13BE589F0141145CFC0EEC4F86FBDB2"));
+    private static final DataElement DE2 = new DataElement(541, ArrayUtils.stringToBytes(
+            "D301FFB24B5B"));
+    private static final DataElement DE3 = new DataElement(51, ArrayUtils.stringToBytes(
+            "EA95F07C25B75C04E1B2B8731F6A55BA379FB141"));
+    private static final DataElement DE4 = new DataElement(729, ArrayUtils.stringToBytes(
+            "2EFD3101E2311BBB108F0A7503907EAF0C2EAAA60CDA8D33A294C4CEACE0"));
+    private static final DataElement DE5 = new DataElement(411, ArrayUtils.stringToBytes("B0"));
+
     private PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder mBuilder;
+    private PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder mBuilderCredentialInfo;
     private PrivateCredential mPrivateCredential;
+    private PrivateCredential mPrivateCredential2;
+
     private PublicCredential mPublicCredential;
+    private PublicCredential mPublicCredential2;
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() {
         mPrivateCredential =
-                new PrivateCredential.Builder(SECRET_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, IDENTITY, DEVICE_NAME)
+                new PrivateCredential.Builder(
+                        SECRET_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY, DEVICE_NAME)
+                        .setIdentityType(PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                        .build();
+        mPrivateCredential2 =
+                new PrivateCredential.Builder(
+                        SECRET_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY_2, METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_2, DEVICE_NAME)
                         .setIdentityType(PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
                         .build();
         mPublicCredential =
                 new PublicCredential.Builder(SECRET_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, PUBLIC_KEY,
                         ENCRYPTED_METADATA_BYTES, METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
                         .build();
+        mPublicCredential2 =
+                new PublicCredential.Builder(SECRET_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY_2, PUBLIC_KEY,
+                        ENCRYPTED_METADATA_BYTES, METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG_2)
+                        .build();
         mBuilder =
                 new PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(Collections.singletonList(MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE),
                         SALT, mPrivateCredential)
@@ -103,6 +155,16 @@
                         .addAction(PRESENCE_ACTION_2)
                         .addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_BLE_ADDRESS, BLE_ADDRESS))
                         .addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_MODEL_ID, MODE_ID_DATA));
+
+        mBuilderCredentialInfo =
+                new PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(Collections.singletonList(MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE),
+                        SALT_16, mPrivateCredential2)
+                        .setVersion(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(DE1)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(DE2)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(DE3)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(DE4)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(DE5);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -112,36 +174,50 @@
 
         assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getActions())
                 .containsExactly(PRESENCE_ACTION_1, PRESENCE_ACTION_2);
-        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY);
         assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE);
-        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getLength()).isEqualTo(66);
         assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getVersion()).isEqualTo(
                 BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1);
         assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT);
         assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getDataElements())
-                .containsExactly(MODE_ID_ADDRESS_ELEMENT, BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT);
+                .containsExactly(PRESENCE_ACTION_DE_1, PRESENCE_ACTION_DE_2,
+                        MODE_ID_ADDRESS_ELEMENT, BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getLength()).isEqualTo(EXTENDED_ADVERTISEMENT_BYTE_LENGTH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_createFromRequest_credentialInfo() {
+        ExtendedAdvertisement originalAdvertisement = ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(
+                mBuilderCredentialInfo.build());
+
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_2);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getVersion()).isEqualTo(
+                BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT_16);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getDataElements())
+                .containsExactly(DE1, DE2, DE3, DE4, DE5);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void test_createFromRequest_encodeAndDecode() {
         ExtendedAdvertisement originalAdvertisement = ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(
                 mBuilder.build());
-
         byte[] generatedBytes = originalAdvertisement.toBytes();
-
         ExtendedAdvertisement newAdvertisement =
                 ExtendedAdvertisement.fromBytes(generatedBytes, mPublicCredential);
 
         assertThat(newAdvertisement.getActions())
                 .containsExactly(PRESENCE_ACTION_1, PRESENCE_ACTION_2);
-        assertThat(newAdvertisement.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY);
+        assertThat(newAdvertisement.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY);
         assertThat(newAdvertisement.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE);
-        assertThat(newAdvertisement.getLength()).isEqualTo(66);
+        assertThat(newAdvertisement.getLength()).isEqualTo(EXTENDED_ADVERTISEMENT_BYTE_LENGTH);
         assertThat(newAdvertisement.getVersion()).isEqualTo(
                 BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1);
         assertThat(newAdvertisement.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT);
         assertThat(newAdvertisement.getDataElements())
-                .containsExactly(MODE_ID_ADDRESS_ELEMENT, BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT);
+                .containsExactly(MODE_ID_ADDRESS_ELEMENT, BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT,
+                        PRESENCE_ACTION_DE_1, PRESENCE_ACTION_DE_2);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -170,45 +246,77 @@
                         .setVersion(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1)
                         .addAction(PRESENCE_ACTION_1);
         assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(builder2.build())).isNull();
-
-        // empty action
-        PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder builder3 =
-                new PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(Collections.singletonList(MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE),
-                        SALT, mPrivateCredential)
-                        .setVersion(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1);
-        assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(builder3.build())).isNull();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void test_toBytes() {
+    public void test_toBytesSalt() throws Exception {
         ExtendedAdvertisement adv = ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(mBuilder.build());
         assertThat(adv.toBytes()).isEqualTo(getExtendedAdvertisementByteArray());
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void test_fromBytes() {
+    public void test_fromBytesSalt() throws Exception {
         byte[] originalBytes = getExtendedAdvertisementByteArray();
         ExtendedAdvertisement adv =
                 ExtendedAdvertisement.fromBytes(originalBytes, mPublicCredential);
 
         assertThat(adv.getActions())
                 .containsExactly(PRESENCE_ACTION_1, PRESENCE_ACTION_2);
-        assertThat(adv.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY);
+        assertThat(adv.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY);
         assertThat(adv.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE);
-        assertThat(adv.getLength()).isEqualTo(66);
+        assertThat(adv.getLength()).isEqualTo(EXTENDED_ADVERTISEMENT_BYTE_LENGTH);
         assertThat(adv.getVersion()).isEqualTo(
                 BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1);
         assertThat(adv.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT);
         assertThat(adv.getDataElements())
-                .containsExactly(MODE_ID_ADDRESS_ELEMENT, BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT);
+                .containsExactly(MODE_ID_ADDRESS_ELEMENT, BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT,
+                        PRESENCE_ACTION_DE_1, PRESENCE_ACTION_DE_2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_toBytesCredentialElement() {
+        ExtendedAdvertisement adv =
+                ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(mBuilderCredentialInfo.build());
+        assertThat(ArrayUtils.bytesToStringUppercase(adv.toBytes())).isEqualTo(
+                ENCODED_ADVERTISEMENT_ENCRYPTION_INFO);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_fromBytesCredentialElement() {
+        ExtendedAdvertisement adv =
+                ExtendedAdvertisement.fromBytes(
+                        ArrayUtils.stringToBytes(ENCODED_ADVERTISEMENT_ENCRYPTION_INFO),
+                        mPublicCredential2);
+        assertThat(adv.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_2);
+        assertThat(adv.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE);
+        assertThat(adv.getVersion()).isEqualTo(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1);
+        assertThat(adv.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT_16);
+        assertThat(adv.getDataElements()).containsExactly(DE1, DE2, DE3, DE4, DE5);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_fromBytes_metadataTagNotMatched_fail() throws Exception {
+        byte[] originalBytes = getExtendedAdvertisementByteArray();
+        PublicCredential credential =
+                new PublicCredential.Builder(SECRET_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, PUBLIC_KEY,
+                        ENCRYPTED_METADATA_BYTES,
+                        new byte[]{113, 90, -55, 73, 25, -9, 55, -44, 102, 44, 81, -68, 101, 21, 32,
+                                92, -107, 3, 108, 90, 28, -73, 16, 49, -95, -121, 8, -45, -27, 16,
+                                6, 108})
+                        .build();
+        ExtendedAdvertisement adv =
+                ExtendedAdvertisement.fromBytes(originalBytes, credential);
+        assertThat(adv).isNull();
     }
 
     @Test
     public void test_toString() {
         ExtendedAdvertisement adv = ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(mBuilder.build());
         assertThat(adv.toString()).isEqualTo("ExtendedAdvertisement:"
-                + "<VERSION: 1, length: 66, dataElementCount: 2, identityType: 1, "
-                + "identity: [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4], salt: [2, 3],"
+                + "<VERSION: 1, length: " + EXTENDED_ADVERTISEMENT_BYTE_LENGTH
+                + ", dataElementCount: 4, identityType: 1, "
+                + "identity: " + Arrays.toString(METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY)
+                + ", salt: [2, 3],"
                 + " actions: [1, 2]>");
     }
 
@@ -222,26 +330,22 @@
         assertThat(adv.getDataElements(DATA_TYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTITY)).isEmpty();
     }
 
-    private static byte[] getExtendedAdvertisementByteArray() {
-        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(66);
+    private static byte[] getExtendedAdvertisementByteArray() throws Exception {
+        CryptorMicImp cryptor = CryptorMicImp.getInstance();
+        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(EXTENDED_ADVERTISEMENT_BYTE_LENGTH);
         buffer.put((byte) 0b00100000); // Header V1
-        buffer.put((byte) 0b00100000); // Salt header: length 2, type 0
+        buffer.put(
+                (byte) (EXTENDED_ADVERTISEMENT_BYTE_LENGTH - 2)); // Section header (section length)
+
         // Salt data
-        buffer.put(SALT);
+        // Salt header: length 2, type 0
+        byte[] saltBytes = ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(new byte[]{(byte) 0b00100000}, SALT);
+        buffer.put(saltBytes);
         // Identity header: length 16, type 1 (private identity)
-        buffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b10010000, (byte) 0b00000001});
-        // Identity data
-        buffer.put(CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance().encrypt(IDENTITY, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY));
+        byte[] identityHeader = new byte[]{(byte) 0b10010000, (byte) 0b00000001};
+        buffer.put(identityHeader);
 
         ByteBuffer deBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(28);
-        // Action1 header: length 1, type 6
-        deBuffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b00010110});
-        // Action1 data
-        deBuffer.put((byte) PRESENCE_ACTION_1);
-        // Action2 header: length 1, type 6
-        deBuffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b00010110});
-        // Action2 data
-        deBuffer.put((byte) PRESENCE_ACTION_2);
         // Ble address header: length 7, type 102
         deBuffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b10000111, (byte) 0b01100101});
         // Ble address data
@@ -250,11 +354,30 @@
         deBuffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b10001101, (byte) 0b00000111});
         // model id data
         deBuffer.put(MODE_ID_DATA);
+        // Action1 header: length 1, type 6
+        deBuffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b00010110});
+        // Action1 data
+        deBuffer.put((byte) PRESENCE_ACTION_1);
+        // Action2 header: length 1, type 6
+        deBuffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b00010110});
+        // Action2 data
+        deBuffer.put((byte) PRESENCE_ACTION_2);
+        byte[] deBytes = deBuffer.array();
+        byte[] nonce = CryptorMicImp.generateAdvNonce(SALT);
+        byte[] ciphertext =
+                cryptor.encrypt(
+                        ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY, deBytes),
+                        nonce, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+        buffer.put(ciphertext);
 
-        byte[] data = deBuffer.array();
-        CryptorImpV1 cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
-        buffer.put(cryptor.encrypt(data, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY));
-        buffer.put(cryptor.sign(data, AUTHENTICITY_KEY));
+        byte[] dataToSign = ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(
+                PRESENCE_UUID_BYTES, /* UUID */
+                new byte[]{(byte) 0b00100000}, /* header */
+                new byte[]{(byte) (EXTENDED_ADVERTISEMENT_BYTE_LENGTH - 2)} /* sectionHeader */,
+                saltBytes, /* salt */
+                nonce, identityHeader, ciphertext);
+        byte[] mic = cryptor.sign(dataToSign, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+        buffer.put(mic);
 
         return buffer.array();
     }
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProviderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProviderTest.java
index 05b556b..0b1a742 100644
--- a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProviderTest.java
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProviderTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
 
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.atLeast;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.atLeastOnce;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@
 
         AdvertiseSettings settings = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder().build();
         mBleBroadcastProvider.onStartSuccess(settings);
-        verify(mBroadcastListener).onStatusChanged(eq(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_OK));
+        verify(mBroadcastListener, atLeast(1)).onStatusChanged(eq(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_OK));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@
         // advertising set can not be mocked, so we will allow nulls
         mBleBroadcastProvider.mAdvertisingSetCallback.onAdvertisingSetStarted(null, -30,
                 AdvertisingSetCallback.ADVERTISE_SUCCESS);
-        verify(mBroadcastListener).onStatusChanged(eq(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_OK));
+        verify(mBroadcastListener, atLeast(1)).onStatusChanged(eq(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_OK));
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProviderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProviderTest.java
index 154441b..1f727a7 100644
--- a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProviderTest.java
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProviderTest.java
@@ -262,6 +262,7 @@
                                 .setValue(ByteString.copyFrom(testData))
                                 .setValueLength(testData.length)
                         )
+                        .setDiscoveryTimestamp(1697765417070L)
                         .build();
         Blefilter.BleFilterResults results =
                 Blefilter.BleFilterResults.newBuilder().addResult(result).build();
@@ -288,8 +289,12 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 33, codeName = "T")
     public void testOnNearbyDeviceDiscoveredWithTestDataElements() {
+        // The feature only supports user-debug builds.
+        if (!Build.isDebuggable()) {
+            return;
+        }
         // Enables the setting of test app support
         boolean isSupportedTestApp = getDeviceConfigBoolean(
                 NEARBY_SUPPORT_TEST_APP, false /* defaultValue */);
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtilsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtilsTest.java
index a759baf..455c432 100644
--- a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtilsTest.java
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtilsTest.java
@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@
 
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 
-import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
-
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 public final class ArrayUtilsTest {
@@ -30,51 +28,58 @@
     private static final byte[] BYTES_ALL = new byte[] {7, 9, 8};
 
     @Test
-    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
     public void testConcatByteArraysNoInput() {
         assertThat(ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays().length).isEqualTo(0);
     }
 
     @Test
-    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
     public void testConcatByteArraysOneEmptyArray() {
         assertThat(ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(BYTES_EMPTY).length).isEqualTo(0);
     }
 
     @Test
-    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
     public void testConcatByteArraysOneNonEmptyArray() {
         assertThat(ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(BYTES_ONE)).isEqualTo(BYTES_ONE);
     }
 
     @Test
-    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
     public void testConcatByteArraysMultipleNonEmptyArrays() {
         assertThat(ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(BYTES_ONE, BYTES_TWO)).isEqualTo(BYTES_ALL);
     }
 
     @Test
-    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
     public void testConcatByteArraysMultipleArrays() {
         assertThat(ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(BYTES_ONE, BYTES_EMPTY, BYTES_TWO))
                 .isEqualTo(BYTES_ALL);
     }
 
     @Test
-    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
     public void testIsEmptyNull_returnsTrue() {
         assertThat(ArrayUtils.isEmpty(null)).isTrue();
     }
 
     @Test
-    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
     public void testIsEmpty_returnsTrue() {
         assertThat(ArrayUtils.isEmpty(new byte[]{})).isTrue();
     }
 
     @Test
-    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
     public void testIsEmpty_returnsFalse() {
         assertThat(ArrayUtils.isEmpty(BYTES_ALL)).isFalse();
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAppendByte() {
+        assertThat(ArrayUtils.append((byte) 2, BYTES_ONE)).isEqualTo(new byte[]{2, 7, 9});
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAppendByteNull() {
+        assertThat(ArrayUtils.append((byte) 2, null)).isEqualTo(new byte[]{2});
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAppendByteToArray() {
+        assertThat(ArrayUtils.append(BYTES_ONE, (byte) 2)).isEqualTo(new byte[]{7, 9, 2});
+    }
 }
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1Test.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1Test.java
deleted file mode 100644
index f0294fc..0000000
--- a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1Test.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
-
-import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
-
-import android.util.Log;
-
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import java.util.Arrays;
-
-public class CryptorImpIdentityV1Test {
-    private static final String TAG = "CryptorImpIdentityV1Test";
-    private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[] {102, 22};
-    private static final byte[] DATA =
-            new byte[] {107, -102, 101, 107, 20, 62, 2, 73, 113, 59, 8, -14, -58, 122};
-    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY =
-            new byte[] {-89, 88, -50, -42, -99, 57, 84, -24, 121, 1, -104, -8, -26, -73, -36, 100};
-
-    @Test
-    public void test_encrypt_decrypt() {
-        Cryptor identityCryptor = CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance();
-        byte[] encryptedData = identityCryptor.encrypt(DATA, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
-
-        assertThat(identityCryptor.decrypt(encryptedData, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY)).isEqualTo(DATA);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void test_encryption() {
-        Cryptor identityCryptor = CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance();
-        byte[] encryptedData = identityCryptor.encrypt(DATA, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
-
-        // for debugging
-        Log.d(TAG, "encrypted data is: " + Arrays.toString(encryptedData));
-
-        assertThat(encryptedData).isEqualTo(getEncryptedData());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void test_decryption() {
-        Cryptor identityCryptor = CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance();
-        byte[] decryptedData =
-                identityCryptor.decrypt(getEncryptedData(), SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
-        // for debugging
-        Log.d(TAG, "decrypted data is: " + Arrays.toString(decryptedData));
-
-        assertThat(decryptedData).isEqualTo(DATA);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void generateHmacTag() {
-        CryptorImpIdentityV1 identityCryptor = CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance();
-        byte[] generatedTag = identityCryptor.sign(DATA);
-        byte[] expectedTag = new byte[]{50, 116, 95, -87, 63, 123, -79, -43};
-        assertThat(generatedTag).isEqualTo(expectedTag);
-    }
-
-    private static byte[] getEncryptedData() {
-        return new byte[]{6, -31, -32, -123, 43, -92, -47, -110, -65, 126, -15, -51, -19, -43};
-    }
-}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1Test.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1Test.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 3ca2575..0000000
--- a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1Test.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,114 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
-
-import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
-
-import android.util.Log;
-
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import java.util.Arrays;
-
-/**
- * Unit test for {@link CryptorImpV1}
- */
-public final class CryptorImpV1Test {
-    private static final String TAG = "CryptorImpV1Test";
-    private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[] {102, 22};
-    private static final byte[] DATA =
-            new byte[] {107, -102, 101, 107, 20, 62, 2, 73, 113, 59, 8, -14, -58, 122};
-    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY =
-            new byte[] {-89, 88, -50, -42, -99, 57, 84, -24, 121, 1, -104, -8, -26, -73, -36, 100};
-
-    @Test
-    public void test_encryption() {
-        Cryptor v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
-        byte[] encryptedData = v1Cryptor.encrypt(DATA, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
-
-        // for debugging
-        Log.d(TAG, "encrypted data is: " + Arrays.toString(encryptedData));
-
-        assertThat(encryptedData).isEqualTo(getEncryptedData());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void test_encryption_invalidInput() {
-        Cryptor v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
-        assertThat(v1Cryptor.encrypt(DATA, SALT, new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 6})).isNull();
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void test_decryption() {
-        Cryptor v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
-        byte[] decryptedData =
-                v1Cryptor.decrypt(getEncryptedData(), SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
-        // for debugging
-        Log.d(TAG, "decrypted data is: " + Arrays.toString(decryptedData));
-
-        assertThat(decryptedData).isEqualTo(DATA);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void test_decryption_invalidInput() {
-        Cryptor v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
-        assertThat(v1Cryptor.decrypt(getEncryptedData(), SALT, new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 6})).isNull();
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void generateSign() {
-        CryptorImpV1 v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
-        byte[] generatedTag = v1Cryptor.sign(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
-        byte[] expectedTag = new byte[]{
-                100, 88, -104, 80, -66, 107, -38, 95, 34, 40, -56, -23, -90, 90, -87, 12};
-        assertThat(generatedTag).isEqualTo(expectedTag);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void test_verify() {
-        CryptorImpV1 v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
-        byte[] expectedTag = new byte[]{
-                100, 88, -104, 80, -66, 107, -38, 95, 34, 40, -56, -23, -90, 90, -87, 12};
-
-        assertThat(v1Cryptor.verify(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, expectedTag)).isTrue();
-        assertThat(v1Cryptor.verify(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, DATA)).isFalse();
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void test_generateHmacTag_sameResult() {
-        CryptorImpV1 v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
-        byte[] res1 = v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
-        assertThat(res1)
-                .isEqualTo(v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void test_generateHmacTag_nullData() {
-        CryptorImpV1 v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
-        assertThat(v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(/* data= */ null, AUTHENTICITY_KEY)).isNull();
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void test_generateHmacTag_nullKey() {
-        CryptorImpV1 v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
-        assertThat(v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(DATA, /* authenticityKey= */ null)).isNull();
-    }
-
-    private static byte[] getEncryptedData() {
-        return new byte[]{-92, 94, -99, -97, 81, -48, -7, 119, -64, -22, 45, -49, -50, 92};
-    }
-}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorMicImpTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorMicImpTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6d2333
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorMicImpTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link CryptorMicImp}
+ */
+public final class CryptorMicImpTest {
+    private static final String TAG = "CryptorImpV1Test";
+    private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[]{102, 22};
+    private static final byte[] DATA =
+            new byte[]{107, -102, 101, 107, 20, 62, 2, 73, 113, 59, 8, -14, -58, 122};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY =
+            new byte[]{-89, 88, -50, -42, -99, 57, 84, -24, 121, 1, -104, -8, -26, -73, -36, 100};
+
+    private static byte[] getEncryptedData() {
+        return new byte[]{112, 23, -111, 87, 122, -27, 45, -25, -35, 84, -89, 115, 61, 113};
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_encryption() throws Exception {
+        Cryptor v1Cryptor = CryptorMicImp.getInstance();
+        byte[] encryptedData =
+                v1Cryptor.encrypt(DATA,  CryptorMicImp.generateAdvNonce(SALT), AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+        assertThat(encryptedData).isEqualTo(getEncryptedData());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_decryption() throws Exception {
+        Cryptor v1Cryptor = CryptorMicImp.getInstance();
+        byte[] decryptedData =
+                v1Cryptor.decrypt(getEncryptedData(), CryptorMicImp.generateAdvNonce(SALT),
+                        AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+        assertThat(decryptedData).isEqualTo(DATA);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_verify() {
+        CryptorMicImp v1Cryptor = CryptorMicImp.getInstance();
+        byte[] expectedTag = new byte[]{
+                -80, -51, -101, -7, -65, 110, 37, 68, 122, -128, 57, -90, -115, -59, -61, 46};
+        assertThat(v1Cryptor.verify(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, expectedTag)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(v1Cryptor.verify(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, DATA)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_generateHmacTag_sameResult() {
+        CryptorMicImp v1Cryptor = CryptorMicImp.getInstance();
+        byte[] res1 = v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+        assertThat(res1)
+                .isEqualTo(v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_generateHmacTag_nullData() {
+        CryptorMicImp v1Cryptor = CryptorMicImp.getInstance();
+        assertThat(v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(/* data= */ null, AUTHENTICITY_KEY)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_generateHmacTag_nullKey() {
+        CryptorMicImp v1Cryptor = CryptorMicImp.getInstance();
+        assertThat(v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(DATA, /* authenticityKey= */ null)).isNull();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorTest.java
index ca612e3..1fb2236 100644
--- a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorTest.java
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorTest.java
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
         assertThat(res2).hasLength(outputSize);
         assertThat(res1).isNotEqualTo(res2);
         assertThat(res1)
-                .isEqualTo(CryptorImpV1.computeHkdf(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, outputSize));
+                .isEqualTo(CryptorMicImp.computeHkdf(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, outputSize));
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp b/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp
index d150373..6152287 100644
--- a/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp
+++ b/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 
+#include <android/api-level.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/macros.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
@@ -172,6 +173,9 @@
     (void)argc;
     android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::KernelLogger);
 
+    const int device_api_level = android_get_device_api_level();
+    const bool isAtLeastU = (device_api_level >= __ANDROID_API_U__);
+
     if (!android::bpf::isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 19, 0)) {
         ALOGE("Android U QPR2 requires kernel 4.19.");
         return 1;
@@ -208,24 +212,27 @@
         return 1;
     }
 
-    // Linux 5.16-rc1 changed the default to 2 (disabled but changeable), but we need 0 (enabled)
-    // (this writeFile is known to fail on at least 4.19, but always defaults to 0 on pre-5.13,
-    // on 5.13+ it depends on CONFIG_BPF_UNPRIV_DEFAULT_OFF)
-    if (writeProcSysFile("/proc/sys/kernel/unprivileged_bpf_disabled", "0\n") &&
-        android::bpf::isAtLeastKernelVersion(5, 13, 0)) return 1;
+    if (isAtLeastU) {
+        // Linux 5.16-rc1 changed the default to 2 (disabled but changeable),
+        // but we need 0 (enabled)
+        // (this writeFile is known to fail on at least 4.19, but always defaults to 0 on
+        // pre-5.13, on 5.13+ it depends on CONFIG_BPF_UNPRIV_DEFAULT_OFF)
+        if (writeProcSysFile("/proc/sys/kernel/unprivileged_bpf_disabled", "0\n") &&
+            android::bpf::isAtLeastKernelVersion(5, 13, 0)) return 1;
 
-    // Enable the eBPF JIT -- but do note that on 64-bit kernels it is likely
-    // already force enabled by the kernel config option BPF_JIT_ALWAYS_ON.
-    // (Note: this (open) will fail with ENOENT 'No such file or directory' if
-    //  kernel does not have CONFIG_BPF_JIT=y)
-    // BPF_JIT is required by R VINTF (which means 4.14/4.19/5.4 kernels),
-    // but 4.14/4.19 were released with P & Q, and only 5.4 is new in R+.
-    if (writeProcSysFile("/proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_enable", "1\n")) return 1;
+        // Enable the eBPF JIT -- but do note that on 64-bit kernels it is likely
+        // already force enabled by the kernel config option BPF_JIT_ALWAYS_ON.
+        // (Note: this (open) will fail with ENOENT 'No such file or directory' if
+        //  kernel does not have CONFIG_BPF_JIT=y)
+        // BPF_JIT is required by R VINTF (which means 4.14/4.19/5.4 kernels),
+        // but 4.14/4.19 were released with P & Q, and only 5.4 is new in R+.
+        if (writeProcSysFile("/proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_enable", "1\n")) return 1;
 
-    // Enable JIT kallsyms export for privileged users only
-    // (Note: this (open) will fail with ENOENT 'No such file or directory' if
-    //  kernel does not have CONFIG_HAVE_EBPF_JIT=y)
-    if (writeProcSysFile("/proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_kallsyms", "1\n")) return 1;
+        // Enable JIT kallsyms export for privileged users only
+        // (Note: this (open) will fail with ENOENT 'No such file or directory' if
+        //  kernel does not have CONFIG_HAVE_EBPF_JIT=y)
+        if (writeProcSysFile("/proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_kallsyms", "1\n")) return 1;
+    }
 
     // Create all the pin subdirectories
     // (this must be done first to allow selinux_context and pin_subdir functionality,
diff --git a/remoteauth/framework-udc-compat/Android.bp b/remoteauth/framework-udc-compat/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..799ffd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/remoteauth/framework-udc-compat/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+// Sources included in the framework-connectivity jar for compatibility
+// builds in udc branches. They are only compatibility stubs to make
+// the module build, since remoteauth is not available on U.
+filegroup {
+    name: "framework-remoteauth-java-sources-udc-compat",
+    srcs: [
+        "java/**/*.java",
+    ],
+    path: "java",
+    visibility: [
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/framework-t:__subpackages__",
+    ],
+}
+
diff --git a/remoteauth/framework-udc-compat/java/README.md b/remoteauth/framework-udc-compat/java/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a01308
--- /dev/null
+++ b/remoteauth/framework-udc-compat/java/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# RemoteAuth udc compatibility framework files
+
+This directory is created to contain compatibility implementations of RemoteAuth classes for builds
+in udc branches.
diff --git a/remoteauth/service-udc-compat/Android.bp b/remoteauth/service-udc-compat/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69c667d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/remoteauth/service-udc-compat/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+// Compatibility library included in the service-connectivity jar for
+// builds in udc branches. It only contains compatibility stubs to make
+// the module build, since remoteauth is not available on U.
+
+// Main lib for remoteauth services.
+java_library {
+    name: "service-remoteauth-pre-jarjar-udc-compat",
+    srcs: ["java/**/*.java"],
+
+    defaults: [
+        "framework-system-server-module-defaults"
+    ],
+    libs: [
+        "androidx.annotation_annotation",
+        "error_prone_annotations",
+    ],
+    sdk_version: "system_server_current",
+    // This is included in service-connectivity which is 30+
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
+
+    dex_preopt: {
+        enabled: false,
+        app_image: false,
+    },
+    visibility: [
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/service",
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/service-t",
+    ],
+    apex_available: [
+        "com.android.tethering",
+    ],
+}
+
diff --git a/remoteauth/service-udc-compat/java/com/android/server/remoteauth/RemoteAuthService.java b/remoteauth/service-udc-compat/java/com/android/server/remoteauth/RemoteAuthService.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac4fde1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/remoteauth/service-udc-compat/java/com/android/server/remoteauth/RemoteAuthService.java
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.remoteauth;
+
+import android.os.Binder;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+/** Compatibility stub for RemoteAuthService in udc branch builds. */
+public class RemoteAuthService extends Binder {
+    public static final String SERVICE_NAME = "remote_auth";
+    public RemoteAuthService(Context context) {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("RemoteAuthService is not supported in this build");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/service-t/Android.bp b/service-t/Android.bp
index bc49f0e..7e588cd 100644
--- a/service-t/Android.bp
+++ b/service-t/Android.bp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
 }
 
-service_remoteauth_pre_jarjar_lib = "service-remoteauth-pre-jarjar"
+service_remoteauth_pre_jarjar_lib = "service-remoteauth-pre-jarjar-udc-compat"
 
 // Include build rules from Sources.bp
 build = ["Sources.bp"]
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsEventLogger.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsEventLogger.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..679837a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsEventLogger.java
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.net;
+
+import static com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting.Visibility.PRIVATE;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
+import android.util.LocalLog;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+
+/**
+ * Helper class for NetworkStatsService to log events.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class NetworkStatsEventLogger {
+    static final int POLL_REASON_DUMPSYS = 0;
+    static final int POLL_REASON_FORCE_UPDATE = 1;
+    static final int POLL_REASON_GLOBAL_ALERT = 2;
+    static final int POLL_REASON_NETWORK_STATUS_CHANGED = 3;
+    static final int POLL_REASON_OPEN_SESSION = 4;
+    static final int POLL_REASON_PERIODIC = 5;
+    static final int POLL_REASON_RAT_CHANGED = 6;
+    static final int POLL_REASON_REG_CALLBACK = 7;
+    static final int POLL_REASON_REMOVE_UIDS = 8;
+    static final int POLL_REASON_UPSTREAM_CHANGED = 9;
+
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(prefix = { "POLL_REASON_" }, value = {
+            POLL_REASON_DUMPSYS,
+            POLL_REASON_FORCE_UPDATE,
+            POLL_REASON_GLOBAL_ALERT,
+            POLL_REASON_NETWORK_STATUS_CHANGED,
+            POLL_REASON_OPEN_SESSION,
+            POLL_REASON_PERIODIC,
+            POLL_REASON_RAT_CHANGED,
+            POLL_REASON_REMOVE_UIDS,
+            POLL_REASON_REG_CALLBACK,
+            POLL_REASON_UPSTREAM_CHANGED
+    })
+    public @interface PollReason {
+    }
+    static final int MAX_POLL_REASON = POLL_REASON_UPSTREAM_CHANGED;
+
+    @VisibleForTesting(visibility = PRIVATE)
+    public static final int MAX_EVENTS_LOGS = 50;
+    private final LocalLog mEventChanges = new LocalLog(MAX_EVENTS_LOGS);
+    private final int[] mPollEventCounts = new int[MAX_POLL_REASON + 1];
+
+    /**
+     * Log a poll event.
+     *
+     * @param flags Flags used when polling. See NetworkStatsService#FLAG_PERSIST_*.
+     * @param event The event of polling to be logged.
+     */
+    public void logPollEvent(int flags, @NonNull PollEvent event) {
+        mEventChanges.log("Poll(flags=" + flags + ", " + event + ")");
+        mPollEventCounts[event.reason]++;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Print poll counts per reason into the given stream.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting(visibility = PRIVATE)
+    public void dumpPollCountsPerReason(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        pw.println("Poll counts per reason:");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
+        for (int i = 0; i <= MAX_POLL_REASON; i++) {
+            pw.println(PollEvent.pollReasonNameOf(i) + ": " + mPollEventCounts[i]);
+        }
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
+        pw.println();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Print recent poll events into the given stream.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting(visibility = PRIVATE)
+    public void dumpRecentPollEvents(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        pw.println("Recent poll events:");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
+        mEventChanges.reverseDump(pw);
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
+        pw.println();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Print the object's state into the given stream.
+     */
+    public void dump(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        dumpPollCountsPerReason(pw);
+        dumpRecentPollEvents(pw);
+    }
+
+    public static class PollEvent {
+        public final int reason;
+
+        public PollEvent(@PollReason int reason) {
+            if (reason < 0 || reason > MAX_POLL_REASON) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported poll reason: " + reason);
+            }
+            this.reason = reason;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "PollEvent{" + "reason=" + pollReasonNameOf(reason) + "}";
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Get the name of the given reason.
+         *
+         * If the reason does not have a String representation, returns its integer representation.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public static String pollReasonNameOf(@PollReason int reason) {
+            switch (reason) {
+                case POLL_REASON_DUMPSYS:                   return "DUMPSYS";
+                case POLL_REASON_FORCE_UPDATE:              return "FORCE_UPDATE";
+                case POLL_REASON_GLOBAL_ALERT:              return "GLOBAL_ALERT";
+                case POLL_REASON_NETWORK_STATUS_CHANGED:    return "NETWORK_STATUS_CHANGED";
+                case POLL_REASON_OPEN_SESSION:              return "OPEN_SESSION";
+                case POLL_REASON_PERIODIC:                  return "PERIODIC";
+                case POLL_REASON_RAT_CHANGED:               return "RAT_CHANGED";
+                case POLL_REASON_REMOVE_UIDS:               return "REMOVE_UIDS";
+                case POLL_REASON_REG_CALLBACK:              return "REG_CALLBACK";
+                case POLL_REASON_UPSTREAM_CHANGED:          return "UPSTREAM_CHANGED";
+                default:                                    return Integer.toString(reason);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsService.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsService.java
index cc67550..46afd31 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsService.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsService.java
@@ -66,6 +66,17 @@
 import static com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting.Visibility.PRIVATE;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkCapabilitiesUtils.getDisplayTransport;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStatsUtils.LIMIT_GLOBAL_ALERT;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_PERIODIC;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_DUMPSYS;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_FORCE_UPDATE;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_GLOBAL_ALERT;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_NETWORK_STATUS_CHANGED;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_OPEN_SESSION;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_RAT_CHANGED;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_REG_CALLBACK;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_REMOVE_UIDS;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_UPSTREAM_CHANGED;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.PollEvent;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
@@ -281,6 +292,8 @@
     static final String NETSTATS_IMPORT_ATTEMPTS_COUNTER_NAME = "import.attempts";
     static final String NETSTATS_IMPORT_SUCCESSES_COUNTER_NAME = "import.successes";
     static final String NETSTATS_IMPORT_FALLBACKS_COUNTER_NAME = "import.fallbacks";
+    static final String CONFIG_ENABLE_NETWORK_STATS_EVENT_LOGGER =
+            "enable_network_stats_event_logger";
 
     private final Context mContext;
     private final NetworkStatsFactory mStatsFactory;
@@ -441,6 +454,7 @@
      * Map from key {@code OpenSessionKey} to count of opened sessions. This is for recording
      * the caller of open session and it is only for debugging.
      */
+    // TODO: Move to NetworkStatsEventLogger to centralize event logging.
     @GuardedBy("mOpenSessionCallsLock")
     private final HashMap<OpenSessionKey, Integer> mOpenSessionCallsPerCaller = new HashMap<>();
 
@@ -513,20 +527,21 @@
         public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
             switch (msg.what) {
                 case MSG_PERFORM_POLL: {
-                    performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL);
+                    performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL, maybeCreatePollEvent((int) msg.obj));
                     break;
                 }
                 case MSG_NOTIFY_NETWORK_STATUS: {
                     synchronized (mStatsLock) {
                         // If no cached states, ignore.
                         if (mLastNetworkStateSnapshots == null) break;
-                        handleNotifyNetworkStatus(
-                                mDefaultNetworks, mLastNetworkStateSnapshots, mActiveIface);
+                        handleNotifyNetworkStatus(mDefaultNetworks, mLastNetworkStateSnapshots,
+                                mActiveIface, maybeCreatePollEvent((int) msg.obj));
                     }
                     break;
                 }
                 case MSG_PERFORM_POLL_REGISTER_ALERT: {
-                    performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_NETWORK);
+                    performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_NETWORK,
+                            maybeCreatePollEvent(POLL_REASON_GLOBAL_ALERT));
                     registerGlobalAlert();
                     break;
                 }
@@ -612,6 +627,13 @@
         mStatsMapB = mDeps.getStatsMapB();
         mAppUidStatsMap = mDeps.getAppUidStatsMap();
         mIfaceStatsMap = mDeps.getIfaceStatsMap();
+        // To prevent any possible races, the flag is not allowed to change until rebooting.
+        mSupportEventLogger = mDeps.supportEventLogger(mContext);
+        if (mSupportEventLogger) {
+            mEventLogger = new NetworkStatsEventLogger();
+        } else {
+            mEventLogger = null;
+        }
 
         // TODO: Remove bpfNetMaps creation and always start SkDestroyListener
         // Following code is for the experiment to verify the SkDestroyListener refactoring. Based
@@ -840,6 +862,14 @@
                 IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> cookieTagMap, Handler handler) {
             return new SkDestroyListener(cookieTagMap, handler, new SharedLog(TAG));
         }
+
+        /**
+         * Get whether event logger feature is supported.
+         */
+        public boolean supportEventLogger(Context ctx) {
+            return DeviceConfigUtils.isTetheringFeatureNotChickenedOut(
+                    ctx, CONFIG_ENABLE_NETWORK_STATS_EVENT_LOGGER);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1432,7 +1462,7 @@
                 | NetworkStatsManager.FLAG_POLL_FORCE)) != 0) {
             final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
             try {
-                performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL);
+                performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL, maybeCreatePollEvent(POLL_REASON_OPEN_SESSION));
             } finally {
                 Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(ident);
             }
@@ -1828,7 +1858,8 @@
 
         final long token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
         try {
-            handleNotifyNetworkStatus(defaultNetworks, networkStates, activeIface);
+            handleNotifyNetworkStatus(defaultNetworks, networkStates, activeIface,
+                    maybeCreatePollEvent(POLL_REASON_NETWORK_STATUS_CHANGED));
         } finally {
             Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(token);
         }
@@ -1845,7 +1876,8 @@
 
         final long token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
         try {
-            performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL);
+            // TODO: Log callstack for system server callers.
+            performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL, maybeCreatePollEvent(POLL_REASON_FORCE_UPDATE));
         } finally {
             Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(token);
         }
@@ -1902,7 +1934,8 @@
         }
 
         // Create baseline stats
-        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_PERFORM_POLL));
+        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_PERFORM_POLL,
+                POLL_REASON_REG_CALLBACK));
 
         return normalizedRequest;
    }
@@ -1999,7 +2032,8 @@
             new TetheringManager.TetheringEventCallback() {
                 @Override
                 public void onUpstreamChanged(@Nullable Network network) {
-                    performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_NETWORK);
+                    performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_NETWORK,
+                            maybeCreatePollEvent(POLL_REASON_UPSTREAM_CHANGED));
                 }
             };
 
@@ -2008,7 +2042,7 @@
         public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
             // on background handler thread, and verified UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS
             // permission above.
-            performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL);
+            performPoll(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL, maybeCreatePollEvent(POLL_REASON_PERIODIC));
 
             // verify that we're watching global alert
             registerGlobalAlert();
@@ -2072,19 +2106,20 @@
     public void handleOnCollapsedRatTypeChanged() {
         // Protect service from frequently updating. Remove pending messages if any.
         mHandler.removeMessages(MSG_NOTIFY_NETWORK_STATUS);
-        mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(
-                mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_NOTIFY_NETWORK_STATUS), mSettings.getPollDelay());
+        mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_NOTIFY_NETWORK_STATUS,
+                        POLL_REASON_RAT_CHANGED), mSettings.getPollDelay());
     }
 
     private void handleNotifyNetworkStatus(
             Network[] defaultNetworks,
             NetworkStateSnapshot[] snapshots,
-            String activeIface) {
+            String activeIface,
+            @Nullable PollEvent event) {
         synchronized (mStatsLock) {
             mWakeLock.acquire();
             try {
                 mActiveIface = activeIface;
-                handleNotifyNetworkStatusLocked(defaultNetworks, snapshots);
+                handleNotifyNetworkStatusLocked(defaultNetworks, snapshots, event);
             } finally {
                 mWakeLock.release();
             }
@@ -2098,7 +2133,7 @@
      */
     @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
     private void handleNotifyNetworkStatusLocked(@NonNull Network[] defaultNetworks,
-            @NonNull NetworkStateSnapshot[] snapshots) {
+            @NonNull NetworkStateSnapshot[] snapshots, @Nullable PollEvent event) {
         if (!mSystemReady) return;
         if (LOGV) Log.v(TAG, "handleNotifyNetworkStatusLocked()");
 
@@ -2108,7 +2143,7 @@
 
         // poll, but only persist network stats to keep codepath fast. UID stats
         // will be persisted during next alarm poll event.
-        performPollLocked(FLAG_PERSIST_NETWORK);
+        performPollLocked(FLAG_PERSIST_NETWORK, event);
 
         // Rebuild active interfaces based on connected networks
         mActiveIfaces.clear();
@@ -2325,12 +2360,12 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private void performPoll(int flags) {
+    private void performPoll(int flags, @Nullable PollEvent event) {
         synchronized (mStatsLock) {
             mWakeLock.acquire();
 
             try {
-                performPollLocked(flags);
+                performPollLocked(flags, event);
             } finally {
                 mWakeLock.release();
             }
@@ -2342,11 +2377,15 @@
      * {@link NetworkStatsHistory}.
      */
     @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
-    private void performPollLocked(int flags) {
+    private void performPollLocked(int flags, @Nullable PollEvent event) {
         if (!mSystemReady) return;
         if (LOGV) Log.v(TAG, "performPollLocked(flags=0x" + Integer.toHexString(flags) + ")");
         Trace.traceBegin(TRACE_TAG_NETWORK, "performPollLocked");
 
+        if (mSupportEventLogger) {
+            mEventLogger.logPollEvent(flags, event);
+        }
+
         final boolean persistNetwork = (flags & FLAG_PERSIST_NETWORK) != 0;
         final boolean persistUid = (flags & FLAG_PERSIST_UID) != 0;
         final boolean persistForce = (flags & FLAG_PERSIST_FORCE) != 0;
@@ -2546,7 +2585,7 @@
         if (LOGV) Log.v(TAG, "removeUidsLocked() for UIDs " + Arrays.toString(uids));
 
         // Perform one last poll before removing
-        performPollLocked(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL);
+        performPollLocked(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL, maybeCreatePollEvent(POLL_REASON_REMOVE_UIDS));
 
         mUidRecorder.removeUidsLocked(uids);
         mUidTagRecorder.removeUidsLocked(uids);
@@ -2629,7 +2668,8 @@
             }
 
             if (poll) {
-                performPollLocked(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL | FLAG_PERSIST_FORCE);
+                performPollLocked(FLAG_PERSIST_ALL | FLAG_PERSIST_FORCE,
+                        maybeCreatePollEvent(POLL_REASON_DUMPSYS));
                 pw.println("Forced poll");
                 return;
             }
@@ -2689,6 +2729,7 @@
                     pw.println("(failed to dump platform legacy stats import counters)");
                 }
             }
+            pw.println(CONFIG_ENABLE_NETWORK_STATS_EVENT_LOGGER + ": " + mSupportEventLogger);
 
             pw.decreaseIndent();
 
@@ -2746,6 +2787,10 @@
             pw.decreaseIndent();
             pw.println();
 
+            if (mSupportEventLogger) {
+                mEventLogger.dump(pw);
+            }
+
             pw.println("Stats Providers:");
             pw.increaseIndent();
             invokeForAllStatsProviderCallbacks((cb) -> {
@@ -3215,6 +3260,22 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private final boolean mSupportEventLogger;
+    @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
+    @Nullable
+    private final NetworkStatsEventLogger mEventLogger;
+
+    /**
+     * Create a PollEvent instance if the feature is enabled.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public PollEvent maybeCreatePollEvent(@NetworkStatsEventLogger.PollReason int reason) {
+        if (mSupportEventLogger) {
+            return new PollEvent(reason);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
     private class DropBoxNonMonotonicObserver implements NonMonotonicObserver<String> {
         @Override
         public void foundNonMonotonic(NetworkStats left, int leftIndex, NetworkStats right,
diff --git a/service/Android.bp b/service/Android.bp
index 250693f..ce83414 100644
--- a/service/Android.bp
+++ b/service/Android.bp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
 }
 
-service_remoteauth_pre_jarjar_lib = "service-remoteauth-pre-jarjar"
+service_remoteauth_pre_jarjar_lib = "service-remoteauth-pre-jarjar-udc-compat"
 
 // The above variables may have different values
 // depending on the branch, and this comment helps
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index c559fa3..c4cb4c7 100755
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -1538,9 +1538,9 @@
         /**
          * Get BPF program Id from CGROUP. See {@link BpfUtils#getProgramId}.
          */
-        public int getBpfProgramId(final int attachType, @NonNull final String cgroupPath)
+        public int getBpfProgramId(final int attachType)
                 throws IOException {
-            return BpfUtils.getProgramId(attachType, cgroupPath);
+            return BpfUtils.getProgramId(attachType);
         }
 
         /**
@@ -3274,15 +3274,15 @@
         pw.increaseIndent();
         try {
             pw.print("CGROUP_INET_INGRESS: ");
-            pw.println(mDeps.getBpfProgramId(BPF_CGROUP_INET_INGRESS, BpfUtils.CGROUP_PATH));
+            pw.println(mDeps.getBpfProgramId(BPF_CGROUP_INET_INGRESS));
             pw.print("CGROUP_INET_EGRESS: ");
-            pw.println(mDeps.getBpfProgramId(BPF_CGROUP_INET_EGRESS, BpfUtils.CGROUP_PATH));
+            pw.println(mDeps.getBpfProgramId(BPF_CGROUP_INET_EGRESS));
             pw.print("CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE: ");
-            pw.println(mDeps.getBpfProgramId(BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE, BpfUtils.CGROUP_PATH));
+            pw.println(mDeps.getBpfProgramId(BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE));
             pw.print("CGROUP_INET4_BIND: ");
-            pw.println(mDeps.getBpfProgramId(BPF_CGROUP_INET4_BIND, BpfUtils.CGROUP_PATH));
+            pw.println(mDeps.getBpfProgramId(BPF_CGROUP_INET4_BIND));
             pw.print("CGROUP_INET6_BIND: ");
-            pw.println(mDeps.getBpfProgramId(BPF_CGROUP_INET6_BIND, BpfUtils.CGROUP_PATH));
+            pw.println(mDeps.getBpfProgramId(BPF_CGROUP_INET6_BIND));
         } catch (IOException e) {
             pw.println("  IOException");
         }
@@ -10816,7 +10816,7 @@
                         // If type can't be parsed, this throws NumberFormatException, which
                         // is passed back to adb who prints it.
                         final int type = Integer.parseInt(getNextArg());
-                        final int ret = BpfUtils.getProgramId(type, BpfUtils.CGROUP_PATH);
+                        final int ret = BpfUtils.getProgramId(type);
                         pw.println(ret);
                         return 0;
                     }
diff --git a/staticlibs/client-libs/netd/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtils.java b/staticlibs/client-libs/netd/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtils.java
index 1d8b4eb..d99eedc 100644
--- a/staticlibs/client-libs/netd/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtils.java
+++ b/staticlibs/client-libs/netd/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtils.java
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
     }
 
     /** Add or remove |route|. */
-    private static void modifyRoute(final INetd netd, final ModifyOperation op, final int netId,
+    public static void modifyRoute(final INetd netd, final ModifyOperation op, final int netId,
             final RouteInfo route) {
         final String ifName = route.getInterface();
         final String dst = route.getDestination().toString();
diff --git a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/BpfMap.java b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/BpfMap.java
index d45cace..595ac74 100644
--- a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/BpfMap.java
+++ b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/BpfMap.java
@@ -187,12 +187,6 @@
         return nativeDeleteMapEntry(mMapFd.getFd(), key.writeToBytes());
     }
 
-    /** Returns {@code true} if this map contains no elements. */
-    @Override
-    public boolean isEmpty() throws ErrnoException {
-        return getFirstKey() == null;
-    }
-
     private K getNextKeyInternal(@Nullable K key) throws ErrnoException {
         byte[] rawKey = new byte[mKeySize];
 
@@ -245,49 +239,6 @@
         return Struct.parse(mValueClass, buffer);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Iterate through the map and handle each key -> value retrieved base on the given BiConsumer.
-     * The given BiConsumer may to delete the passed-in entry, but is not allowed to perform any
-     * other structural modifications to the map, such as adding entries or deleting other entries.
-     * Otherwise, iteration will result in undefined behaviour.
-     */
-    @Override
-    public void forEach(ThrowingBiConsumer<K, V> action) throws ErrnoException {
-        @Nullable K nextKey = getFirstKey();
-
-        while (nextKey != null) {
-            @NonNull final K curKey = nextKey;
-            @NonNull final V value = getValue(curKey);
-
-            nextKey = getNextKey(curKey);
-            action.accept(curKey, value);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /* Empty implementation to implement AutoCloseable, so we can use BpfMaps
-     * with try with resources, but due to persistent FD cache, there is no actual
-     * need to close anything.  File descriptors will actually be closed when we
-     * unlock the BpfMap class and destroy the ParcelFileDescriptor objects.
-     */
-    @Override
-    public void close() throws IOException {
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Clears the map. The map may already be empty.
-     *
-     * @throws ErrnoException if the map is already closed, if an error occurred during iteration,
-     *                        or if a non-ENOENT error occurred when deleting a key.
-     */
-    @Override
-    public void clear() throws ErrnoException {
-        K key = getFirstKey();
-        while (key != null) {
-            deleteEntry(key);  // ignores ENOENT.
-            key = getFirstKey();
-        }
-    }
-
     private static native int nativeBpfFdGet(String path, int mode, int keySize, int valueSize)
             throws ErrnoException, NullPointerException;
 
diff --git a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/BpfUtils.java b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/BpfUtils.java
index 6116a5f..10a8f60 100644
--- a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/BpfUtils.java
+++ b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/BpfUtils.java
@@ -41,49 +41,18 @@
     public static final String CGROUP_PATH = "/sys/fs/cgroup/";
 
     /**
-     * Attach BPF program to CGROUP
-     */
-    public static void attachProgram(int type, @NonNull String programPath,
-            @NonNull String cgroupPath, int flags) throws IOException {
-        native_attachProgramToCgroup(type, programPath, cgroupPath, flags);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Detach BPF program from CGROUP
-     */
-    public static void detachProgram(int type, @NonNull String cgroupPath)
-            throws IOException {
-        native_detachProgramFromCgroup(type, cgroupPath);
-    }
-
-    /**
      * Get BPF program Id from CGROUP.
      *
      * Note: This requires a 4.19 kernel which is only guaranteed on V+.
      *
      * @param attachType Bpf attach type. See bpf_attach_type in include/uapi/linux/bpf.h.
-     * @param cgroupPath Path of cgroup.
      * @return Positive integer for a Program Id. 0 if no program is attached.
      * @throws IOException if failed to open the cgroup directory or query bpf program.
      */
-    public static int getProgramId(int attachType, @NonNull String cgroupPath) throws IOException {
-        return native_getProgramIdFromCgroup(attachType, cgroupPath);
+    public static int getProgramId(int attachType) throws IOException {
+        return native_getProgramIdFromCgroup(attachType, CGROUP_PATH);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Detach single BPF program from CGROUP
-     */
-    public static void detachSingleProgram(int type, @NonNull String programPath,
-            @NonNull String cgroupPath) throws IOException {
-        native_detachSingleProgramFromCgroup(type, programPath, cgroupPath);
-    }
-
-    private static native boolean native_attachProgramToCgroup(int type, String programPath,
-            String cgroupPath, int flags) throws IOException;
-    private static native boolean native_detachProgramFromCgroup(int type, String cgroupPath)
-            throws IOException;
-    private static native boolean native_detachSingleProgramFromCgroup(int type,
-            String programPath, String cgroupPath) throws IOException;
     private static native int native_getProgramIdFromCgroup(int type, String cgroupPath)
             throws IOException;
 }
diff --git a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/IBpfMap.java b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/IBpfMap.java
index 83ff875..ca56830 100644
--- a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/IBpfMap.java
+++ b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/IBpfMap.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
 
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
@@ -49,15 +50,17 @@
     /** Remove existing key from eBpf map. Return true if something was deleted. */
     boolean deleteEntry(K key) throws ErrnoException;
 
-    /** Returns {@code true} if this map contains no elements. */
-    boolean isEmpty() throws ErrnoException;
-
     /** Get the key after the passed-in key. */
     K getNextKey(@NonNull K key) throws ErrnoException;
 
     /** Get the first key of the eBpf map. */
     K getFirstKey() throws ErrnoException;
 
+    /** Returns {@code true} if this map contains no elements. */
+    default boolean isEmpty() throws ErrnoException {
+        return getFirstKey() == null;
+    }
+
     /** Check whether a key exists in the map. */
     boolean containsKey(@NonNull K key) throws ErrnoException;
 
@@ -70,13 +73,38 @@
 
     /**
      * Iterate through the map and handle each key -> value retrieved base on the given BiConsumer.
+     * The given BiConsumer may to delete the passed-in entry, but is not allowed to perform any
+     * other structural modifications to the map, such as adding entries or deleting other entries.
+     * Otherwise, iteration will result in undefined behaviour.
      */
-    void forEach(ThrowingBiConsumer<K, V> action) throws ErrnoException;
+    default public void forEach(ThrowingBiConsumer<K, V> action) throws ErrnoException {
+        @Nullable K nextKey = getFirstKey();
 
-    /** Clears the map. */
-    void clear() throws ErrnoException;
+        while (nextKey != null) {
+            @NonNull final K curKey = nextKey;
+            @NonNull final V value = getValue(curKey);
+
+            nextKey = getNextKey(curKey);
+            action.accept(curKey, value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clears the map. The map may already be empty.
+     *
+     * @throws ErrnoException if the map is already closed, if an error occurred during iteration,
+     *                        or if a non-ENOENT error occurred when deleting a key.
+     */
+    default public void clear() throws ErrnoException {
+        K key = getFirstKey();
+        while (key != null) {
+            deleteEntry(key);  // ignores ENOENT.
+            key = getFirstKey();
+        }
+    }
 
     /** Close for AutoCloseable. */
     @Override
-    void close() throws IOException;
+    default void close() throws IOException {
+    };
 }
diff --git a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/structs/IaPrefixOption.java b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/structs/IaPrefixOption.java
index ecdd440..b0f19e2 100644
--- a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/structs/IaPrefixOption.java
+++ b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/structs/IaPrefixOption.java
@@ -129,6 +129,10 @@
         return true;
     }
 
+    public IpPrefix getIpPrefix() {
+        return mIpPrefix;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Check whether or not IA Prefix option has 0 preferred and valid lifetimes.
      */
diff --git a/staticlibs/native/bpfutiljni/com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtils.cpp b/staticlibs/native/bpfutiljni/com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtils.cpp
index cf09379..bcc3ded 100644
--- a/staticlibs/native/bpfutiljni/com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtils.cpp
+++ b/staticlibs/native/bpfutiljni/com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtils.cpp
@@ -30,86 +30,6 @@
 
 using base::unique_fd;
 
-// If attach fails throw error and return false.
-static jboolean com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtil_attachProgramToCgroup(JNIEnv *env,
-        jclass clazz, jint type, jstring bpfProgPath, jstring cgroupPath, jint flags) {
-
-    ScopedUtfChars dirPath(env, cgroupPath);
-    unique_fd cg_fd(open(dirPath.c_str(), O_DIRECTORY | O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
-    if (cg_fd == -1) {
-        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException",
-                             "Failed to open the cgroup directory %s: %s",
-                             dirPath.c_str(), strerror(errno));
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    ScopedUtfChars bpfProg(env, bpfProgPath);
-    unique_fd bpf_fd(bpf::retrieveProgram(bpfProg.c_str()));
-    if (bpf_fd == -1) {
-        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException",
-                             "Failed to retrieve bpf program from %s: %s",
-                             bpfProg.c_str(), strerror(errno));
-        return false;
-    }
-    if (bpf::attachProgram((bpf_attach_type) type, bpf_fd, cg_fd, flags)) {
-        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException",
-                             "Failed to attach bpf program %s to %s: %s",
-                             bpfProg.c_str(), dirPath.c_str(), strerror(errno));
-        return false;
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-// If detach fails throw error and return false.
-static jboolean com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtil_detachProgramFromCgroup(JNIEnv *env,
-        jclass clazz, jint type, jstring cgroupPath) {
-
-    ScopedUtfChars dirPath(env, cgroupPath);
-    unique_fd cg_fd(open(dirPath.c_str(), O_DIRECTORY | O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
-    if (cg_fd == -1) {
-        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException",
-                             "Failed to open the cgroup directory %s: %s",
-                             dirPath.c_str(), strerror(errno));
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    if (bpf::detachProgram((bpf_attach_type) type, cg_fd)) {
-        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "Failed to detach bpf program from %s: %s",
-                dirPath.c_str(), strerror(errno));
-        return false;
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-// If detach single program fails throw error and return false.
-static jboolean com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtil_detachSingleProgramFromCgroup(JNIEnv *env,
-        jclass clazz, jint type, jstring bpfProgPath, jstring cgroupPath) {
-
-    ScopedUtfChars dirPath(env, cgroupPath);
-    unique_fd cg_fd(open(dirPath.c_str(), O_DIRECTORY | O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
-    if (cg_fd == -1) {
-        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException",
-                             "Failed to open the cgroup directory %s: %s",
-                             dirPath.c_str(), strerror(errno));
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    ScopedUtfChars bpfProg(env, bpfProgPath);
-    unique_fd bpf_fd(bpf::retrieveProgram(bpfProg.c_str()));
-    if (bpf_fd == -1) {
-        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException",
-                             "Failed to retrieve bpf program from %s: %s",
-                             bpfProg.c_str(), strerror(errno));
-        return false;
-    }
-    if (bpf::detachSingleProgram((bpf_attach_type) type, bpf_fd, cg_fd)) {
-        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "Failed to detach bpf program %s from %s: %s",
-                bpfProg.c_str(), dirPath.c_str(), strerror(errno));
-        return false;
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
 static jint com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtil_getProgramIdFromCgroup(JNIEnv *env,
         jclass clazz, jint type, jstring cgroupPath) {
 
@@ -138,12 +58,6 @@
  */
 static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
     /* name, signature, funcPtr */
-    { "native_attachProgramToCgroup", "(ILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;I)Z",
-        (void*) com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtil_attachProgramToCgroup },
-    { "native_detachProgramFromCgroup", "(ILjava/lang/String;)Z",
-        (void*) com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtil_detachProgramFromCgroup },
-    { "native_detachSingleProgramFromCgroup", "(ILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)Z",
-        (void*) com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtil_detachSingleProgramFromCgroup },
     { "native_getProgramIdFromCgroup", "(ILjava/lang/String;)I",
         (void*) com_android_net_module_util_BpfUtil_getProgramIdFromCgroup },
 };
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp
index e55ba63..2d07224 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-next_app_data = [ ":CtsHostsideNetworkTestsAppNext" ]
+next_app_data = []
 
 // The above line is put in place to prevent any future automerger merge conflict between aosp,
 // downstream branches. The CtsHostsideNetworkTestsAppNext target will not exist in
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index 194cec3..11cece1 100755
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -2299,7 +2299,7 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public int getBpfProgramId(final int attachType, @NonNull final String cgroupPath) {
+        public int getBpfProgramId(final int attachType) {
             return 0;
         }
 
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsEventLoggerTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsEventLoggerTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f2d4d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsEventLoggerTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.net
+
+import android.util.IndentingPrintWriter
+import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.MAX_POLL_REASON
+import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_DUMPSYS
+import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_FORCE_UPDATE
+import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_GLOBAL_ALERT
+import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_NETWORK_STATUS_CHANGED
+import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_OPEN_SESSION
+import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_PERIODIC
+import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_RAT_CHANGED
+import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_REG_CALLBACK
+import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.PollEvent
+import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.PollEvent.pollReasonNameOf
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
+import java.io.StringWriter
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+import kotlin.test.assertFailsWith
+import kotlin.test.assertFalse
+import kotlin.test.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+
+const val TEST_PERSIST_FLAG = 0x101
+
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
+class NetworkStatsEventLoggerTest {
+    val logger = NetworkStatsEventLogger()
+    val stringWriter = TestStringWriter()
+    val pw = IndentingPrintWriter(stringWriter)
+
+    @Test
+    fun testDump_invalid() {
+        // Verify it won't crash.
+        logger.dump(pw)
+        // Clear output buffer.
+        stringWriter.getOutputAndClear()
+
+        // Verify log invalid event throws. And nothing output in the dump.
+        val invalidReasons = listOf(-1, MAX_POLL_REASON + 1)
+        invalidReasons.forEach {
+            assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
+                logger.logPollEvent(TEST_PERSIST_FLAG, PollEvent(it))
+            }
+            logger.dumpRecentPollEvents(pw)
+            val output = stringWriter.getOutputAndClear()
+            assertStringNotContains(output, pollReasonNameOf(it))
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testDump_valid() {
+        // Choose arbitrary set of reasons for testing.
+        val loggedReasons = listOf(
+            POLL_REASON_GLOBAL_ALERT,
+            POLL_REASON_FORCE_UPDATE,
+            POLL_REASON_DUMPSYS,
+            POLL_REASON_PERIODIC,
+            POLL_REASON_RAT_CHANGED
+        )
+        val nonLoggedReasons = listOf(
+            POLL_REASON_NETWORK_STATUS_CHANGED,
+            POLL_REASON_OPEN_SESSION,
+            POLL_REASON_REG_CALLBACK)
+
+        // Add some valid records.
+        loggedReasons.forEach {
+            logger.logPollEvent(TEST_PERSIST_FLAG, PollEvent(it))
+        }
+
+        // Collect dumps.
+        logger.dumpRecentPollEvents(pw)
+        val outputRecentEvents = stringWriter.getOutputAndClear()
+        logger.dumpPollCountsPerReason(pw)
+        val outputCountsPerReason = stringWriter.getOutputAndClear()
+
+        // Verify the output contains at least necessary information.
+        loggedReasons.forEach {
+            // Verify all events are shown in the recent event dump.
+            val eventString = PollEvent(it).toString()
+            assertStringContains(outputRecentEvents, TEST_PERSIST_FLAG.toString())
+            assertStringContains(eventString, pollReasonNameOf(it))
+            assertStringContains(outputRecentEvents, eventString)
+            // Verify counts are 1 for each reason.
+            assertCountForReason(outputCountsPerReason, it, 1)
+        }
+
+        // Verify the output remains untouched for other reasons.
+        nonLoggedReasons.forEach {
+            assertStringNotContains(outputRecentEvents, PollEvent(it).toString())
+            assertCountForReason(outputCountsPerReason, it, 0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testDump_maxEventLogs() {
+        // Choose arbitrary reason.
+        val reasonToBeTested = POLL_REASON_PERIODIC
+        val repeatCount = NetworkStatsEventLogger.MAX_EVENTS_LOGS * 2
+
+        // Collect baseline.
+        logger.dumpRecentPollEvents(pw)
+        val lineCountBaseLine = getLineCount(stringWriter.getOutputAndClear())
+
+        repeat(repeatCount) {
+            logger.logPollEvent(TEST_PERSIST_FLAG, PollEvent(reasonToBeTested))
+        }
+
+        // Collect dump.
+        logger.dumpRecentPollEvents(pw)
+        val lineCountAfterTest = getLineCount(stringWriter.getOutputAndClear())
+
+        // Verify line count increment is limited.
+        assertEquals(
+            NetworkStatsEventLogger.MAX_EVENTS_LOGS,
+            lineCountAfterTest - lineCountBaseLine
+        )
+
+        // Verify count per reason increased for the testing reason.
+        logger.dumpPollCountsPerReason(pw)
+        val outputCountsPerReason = stringWriter.getOutputAndClear()
+        for (reason in 0..MAX_POLL_REASON) {
+            assertCountForReason(
+                outputCountsPerReason,
+                reason,
+                if (reason == reasonToBeTested) repeatCount else 0
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun getLineCount(multilineString: String) = multilineString.lines().size
+
+    private fun assertStringContains(got: String, want: String) {
+        assertTrue(got.contains(want), "Wanted: $want, but got: $got")
+    }
+
+    private fun assertStringNotContains(got: String, unwant: String) {
+        assertFalse(got.contains(unwant), "Unwanted: $unwant, but got: $got")
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Assert the reason and the expected count are at the same line.
+     */
+    private fun assertCountForReason(dump: String, reason: Int, expectedCount: Int) {
+        // Matches strings like "GLOBAL_ALERT: 50" but not too strict since the format might change.
+        val regex = Regex(pollReasonNameOf(reason) + "[^0-9]+" + expectedCount)
+        assertEquals(
+            1,
+            regex.findAll(dump).count(),
+            "Unexpected output: $dump " + " for reason: " + pollReasonNameOf(reason)
+        )
+    }
+
+    class TestStringWriter : StringWriter() {
+        fun getOutputAndClear() = toString().also { buffer.setLength(0) }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
index 9453617..e8d5c66 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@
 import static android.text.format.DateUtils.MINUTE_IN_MILLIS;
 import static android.text.format.DateUtils.WEEK_IN_MILLIS;
 
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.POLL_REASON_RAT_CHANGED;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsEventLogger.PollEvent.pollReasonNameOf;
 import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsService.ACTION_NETWORK_STATS_POLL;
 import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsService.NETSTATS_IMPORT_ATTEMPTS_COUNTER_NAME;
 import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsService.NETSTATS_IMPORT_FALLBACKS_COUNTER_NAME;
@@ -525,6 +527,11 @@
                     IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> cookieTagMap, Handler handler) {
                 return mSkDestroyListener;
             }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean supportEventLogger(@NonNull Context cts) {
+                return true;
+            }
         };
     }
 
@@ -2674,4 +2681,14 @@
         doReturn(null).when(mBpfInterfaceMapUpdater).getIfNameByIndex(10 /* index */);
         doTestDumpIfaceStatsMap("unknown");
     }
+
+    // Basic test to ensure event logger dump is called.
+    // Note that tests to ensure detailed correctness is done in the dedicated tests.
+    // See NetworkStatsEventLoggerTest.
+    @Test
+    public void testDumpEventLogger() {
+        setMobileRatTypeAndWaitForIdle(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS);
+        final String dump = getDump();
+        assertDumpContains(dump, pollReasonNameOf(POLL_REASON_RAT_CHANGED));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/thread/TEST_MAPPING b/thread/TEST_MAPPING
index 17a74f6..3eaebfa 100644
--- a/thread/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/thread/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 {
-  // TODO (b/297729075): graduate this test to presubmit once it meets the SLO requirements.
-  // See go/test-mapping-slo-guide
-  "postsubmit": [
+  "presubmit": [
     {
       "name": "CtsThreadNetworkTestCases"
     }
diff --git a/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java b/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java
index 9db8132..7575757 100644
--- a/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java
+++ b/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 */
 @FlaggedApi(ThreadNetworkFlags.FLAG_THREAD_ENABLED)
 @SystemApi
-public class ThreadNetworkController {
+public final class ThreadNetworkController {
 
     /** Thread standard version 1.3. */
     public static final int THREAD_VERSION_1_3 = 4;
diff --git a/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkManager.java b/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkManager.java
index 3e8288c..c3bdbd7 100644
--- a/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkManager.java
+++ b/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkManager.java
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 @FlaggedApi(ThreadNetworkFlags.FLAG_THREAD_ENABLED)
 @SystemApi
 @SystemService(ThreadNetworkManager.SERVICE_NAME)
-public class ThreadNetworkManager {
+public final class ThreadNetworkManager {
     /**
      * This value tracks {@link Context#THREAD_NETWORK_SERVICE}.
      *
diff --git a/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp b/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp
index 1f16ad1..3a087c7 100644
--- a/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp
+++ b/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
         "framework-connectivity-t-pre-jarjar",
         "guava-android-testlib",
         "net-tests-utils",
-        "truth-prebuilt",
+        "truth",
     ],
     libs: [
         "android.test.base",