diff --git a/OWNERS_core_networking b/OWNERS_core_networking
index bc1d002..3a08422 100644
--- a/OWNERS_core_networking
+++ b/OWNERS_core_networking
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 markchien@google.com
 martinwu@google.com
 maze@google.com
+motomuman@google.com
 nuccachen@google.com
 paulhu@google.com
 prohr@google.com
diff --git a/OWNERS_core_networking_xts b/OWNERS_core_networking_xts
index a6627fe..1844334 100644
--- a/OWNERS_core_networking_xts
+++ b/OWNERS_core_networking_xts
@@ -1,2 +1,7 @@
 lorenzo@google.com
-satk@google.com
+satk@google.com #{LAST_RESORT_SUGGESTION}
+
+# For cherry-picks of CLs that are already merged in aosp/master, or flaky test fixes.
+jchalard@google.com #{LAST_RESORT_SUGGESTION}
+maze@google.com #{LAST_RESORT_SUGGESTION}
+reminv@google.com #{LAST_RESORT_SUGGESTION}
diff --git a/TEST_MAPPING b/TEST_MAPPING
index 95f854b..700a085 100644
--- a/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -22,6 +22,41 @@
         }
       ]
     },
+    // Also run CtsNetTestCasesLatestSdk to ensure tests using older shims pass.
+    {
+      "name": "CtsNetTestCasesLatestSdk",
+      "options": [
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit"
+        },
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    // CTS tests that target older SDKs.
+    {
+      "name": "CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk30",
+      "options": [
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit"
+        },
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk31",
+      "options": [
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit"
+        },
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     {
       "name": "bpf_existence_test"
     },
@@ -29,6 +64,9 @@
       "name": "connectivity_native_test"
     },
     {
+      "name": "libclat_test"
+    },
+    {
       "name": "netd_updatable_unit_test"
     },
     {
@@ -56,16 +94,10 @@
       "keywords": ["netd-device-kernel-4.9", "netd-device-kernel-4.14"]
     },
     {
-      "name": "libclat_test"
-    },
-    {
       "name": "traffic_controller_unit_test",
       "keywords": ["netd-device-kernel-4.9", "netd-device-kernel-4.14"]
     },
     {
-      "name": "libnetworkstats_test"
-    },
-    {
       "name": "FrameworksNetDeflakeTest"
     }
   ],
@@ -82,6 +114,59 @@
       ]
     },
     {
+      "name": "CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk30[CaptivePortalLoginGoogle.apk+NetworkStackGoogle.apk+com.google.android.resolv.apex+com.google.android.tethering.apex]",
+      "options": [
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit"
+        },
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk31[CaptivePortalLoginGoogle.apk+NetworkStackGoogle.apk+com.google.android.resolv.apex+com.google.android.tethering.apex]",
+      "options": [
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit"
+        },
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    // Test with APK modules only, in cases where APEX is not supported, or the other modules
+    // were simply not updated
+    {
+      "name": "CtsNetTestCasesLatestSdk[CaptivePortalLoginGoogle.apk+NetworkStackGoogle.apk]",
+      "options": [
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit"
+        },
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice"
+        },
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    // Test with connectivity/tethering module only, to catch integration issues with older versions
+    // of other modules. "new tethering + old NetworkStack" is not a configuration that should
+    // really exist in the field, but there is no strong guarantee, and it is required by MTS
+    // testing for module qualification, where modules are tested independently.
+    {
+      "name": "CtsNetTestCasesLatestSdk[com.google.android.tethering.apex]",
+      "options": [
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit"
+        },
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
       "name": "bpf_existence_test[CaptivePortalLoginGoogle.apk+NetworkStackGoogle.apk+com.google.android.resolv.apex+com.google.android.tethering.apex]"
     },
     {
@@ -105,55 +190,6 @@
     {
       "name": "CtsNetTestCasesLatestSdk[CaptivePortalLoginGoogle.apk+NetworkStackGoogle.apk+com.google.android.resolv.apex+com.google.android.tethering.apex]",
       "keywords": ["sim"]
-    },
-    // TODO: move to mainline-presubmit when known green.
-    // Test with APK modules only, in cases where APEX is not supported, or the other modules were simply not updated
-    {
-      "name": "CtsNetTestCasesLatestSdk[CaptivePortalLoginGoogle.apk+NetworkStackGoogle.apk]",
-      "options": [
-        {
-          "exclude-annotation": "com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit"
-        },
-        {
-          "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice"
-        },
-        {
-          "exclude-annotation": "com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest"
-        }
-      ]
-    },
-    // TODO: move to mainline-presubmit when known green.
-    // Test with connectivity/tethering module only, to catch integration issues with older versions of other modules.
-    // "new tethering + old NetworkStack" is not a configuration that should really exist in the field, but
-    // there is no strong guarantee, and it is required by MTS testing for module qualification, where modules
-    // are tested independently.
-    {
-      "name": "CtsNetTestCasesLatestSdk[com.google.android.tethering.apex]",
-      "options": [
-        {
-          "exclude-annotation": "com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit"
-        },
-        {
-          "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice"
-        }
-      ]
-    }
-  ],
-  "auto-postsubmit": [
-    // Test tag for automotive targets. These are only running in postsubmit so as to harden the
-    // automotive targets to avoid introducing additional test flake and build time. The plan for
-    // presubmit testing for auto is to augment the existing tests to cover auto use cases as well.
-    // Additionally, this tag is used in targeted test suites to limit resource usage on the test
-    // infra during the hardening phase.
-    // TODO: this tag to be removed once the above is no longer an issue.
-    {
-      "name": "FrameworksNetTests"
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "FrameworksNetIntegrationTests"
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "FrameworksNetDeflakeTest"
     }
   ],
   "imports": [
@@ -168,6 +204,9 @@
     },
     {
       "path": "packages/modules/CaptivePortalLogin"
+    },
+    {
+      "path": "vendor/xts/gts-tests/hostsidetests/networkstack"
     }
   ]
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/Android.bp b/Tethering/Android.bp
index 29f6e12..3ab1ec2 100644
--- a/Tethering/Android.bp
+++ b/Tethering/Android.bp
@@ -21,21 +21,37 @@
 java_defaults {
     name: "TetheringApiLevel",
     sdk_version: "module_current",
-    target_sdk_version: "31",
+    target_sdk_version: "33",
     min_sdk_version: "30",
 }
 
 java_defaults {
+    name: "TetheringExternalLibs",
+    // Libraries not including Tethering's own framework-tethering (different flavors of that one
+    // are needed depending on the build rule)
+    libs: [
+        "framework-connectivity.stubs.module_lib",
+        "framework-connectivity-t.stubs.module_lib",
+        "framework-statsd.stubs.module_lib",
+        "framework-wifi",
+        "framework-bluetooth",
+        "unsupportedappusage",
+    ],
+    defaults_visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+}
+
+java_defaults {
     name: "TetheringAndroidLibraryDefaults",
     srcs: [
         "apishim/**/*.java",
         "src/**/*.java",
         ":framework-connectivity-shared-srcs",
-        ":tethering-module-utils-srcs",
         ":services-tethering-shared-srcs",
+        ":statslog-tethering-java-gen",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "androidx.annotation_annotation",
+        "connectivity-net-module-utils-bpf",
         "modules-utils-build",
         "modules-utils-statemachine",
         "networkstack-client",
@@ -45,18 +61,14 @@
         "net-utils-framework-common",
         "net-utils-device-common",
         "net-utils-device-common-bpf",
+        "net-utils-device-common-ip",
         "net-utils-device-common-netlink",
         "netd-client",
         "tetheringstatsprotos",
     ],
+    defaults: ["TetheringExternalLibs"],
     libs: [
-        "framework-connectivity",
-        "framework-connectivity-t.stubs.module_lib",
-        "framework-statsd.stubs.module_lib",
         "framework-tethering.impl",
-        "framework-wifi",
-        "framework-bluetooth",
-        "unsupportedappusage",
     ],
     plugins: ["java_api_finder"],
     manifest: "AndroidManifestBase.xml",
@@ -133,7 +145,7 @@
         "-Wthread-safety",
     ],
 
-    ldflags: ["-Wl,--exclude-libs=ALL,-error-limit=0"],
+    ldflags: ["-Wl,--exclude-libs=ALL,--error-limit=0"],
 }
 
 // Common defaults for compiling the actual APK.
@@ -146,9 +158,17 @@
     resource_dirs: [
         "res",
     ],
+    // Libs are not actually needed to build here since build rules using these defaults are just
+    // packaging the TetheringApiXLibs in APKs, but they are necessary so that R8 has the right
+    // references to optimize the code. Without these, there will be missing class warnings and code
+    // may be wrongly optimized.
+    // R8 runs after jarjar, so the framework-X libraries need to be the post-jarjar artifacts
+    // (framework-tethering.impl), if they are not just stubs, so that the name of jarjared
+    // classes match.
+    // TODO(b/229727645): ensure R8 fails the build fully if libraries are missing
+    defaults: ["TetheringExternalLibs"],
     libs: [
-        "framework-tethering",
-        "framework-wifi",
+        "framework-tethering.impl",
     ],
     jarjar_rules: "jarjar-rules.txt",
     optimize: {
@@ -178,9 +198,9 @@
     certificate: "networkstack",
     manifest: "AndroidManifest.xml",
     use_embedded_native_libs: true,
-    // The permission configuration *must* be included to ensure security of the device
+    // The network stack *must* be included to ensure security of the device
     required: [
-        "NetworkPermissionConfig",
+        "NetworkStack",
         "privapp_allowlist_com.android.tethering",
     ],
     apex_available: ["com.android.tethering"],
@@ -198,9 +218,9 @@
     certificate: "networkstack",
     manifest: "AndroidManifest.xml",
     use_embedded_native_libs: true,
-    // The permission configuration *must* be included to ensure security of the device
+    // The network stack *must* be included to ensure security of the device
     required: [
-        "NetworkPermissionConfig",
+        "NetworkStackNext",
         "privapp_allowlist_com.android.tethering",
     ],
     apex_available: ["com.android.tethering"],
@@ -209,8 +229,11 @@
 
 sdk {
     name: "tethering-module-sdk",
-    bootclasspath_fragments: ["com.android.tethering-bootclasspath-fragment"],
-    systemserverclasspath_fragments: ["com.android.tethering-systemserverclasspath-fragment"],
+    apexes: [
+        // Adds exportable dependencies of the APEX to the sdk,
+        // e.g. *classpath_fragments.
+        "com.android.tethering",
+    ],
 }
 
 java_library_static {
@@ -223,3 +246,11 @@
     apex_available: ["com.android.tethering"],
     min_sdk_version: "30",
 }
+
+genrule {
+    name: "statslog-tethering-java-gen",
+    tools: ["stats-log-api-gen"],
+    cmd: "$(location stats-log-api-gen) --java $(out) --module network_tethering" +
+         " --javaPackage com.android.networkstack.tethering.metrics --javaClass TetheringStatsLog",
+    out: ["com/android/networkstack/tethering/metrics/TetheringStatsLog.java"],
+}
diff --git a/Tethering/AndroidManifest.xml b/Tethering/AndroidManifest.xml
index 6deb345..b832e16 100644
--- a/Tethering/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/Tethering/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.UPDATE_APP_OPS_STATS" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS"/>
 
     <protected-broadcast android:name="com.android.server.connectivity.tethering.DISABLE_TETHERING" />
 
diff --git a/Tethering/apex/Android.bp b/Tethering/apex/Android.bp
index bd8fe7c..8cf46ef 100644
--- a/Tethering/apex/Android.bp
+++ b/Tethering/apex/Android.bp
@@ -18,6 +18,20 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
 }
 
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "TetheringInProcessFlag",
+    src: "in-process",
+    filename_from_src: true,
+    sub_dir: "flag",
+}
+
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "TetheringOutOfProcessFlag",
+    src: "out-of-process",
+    filename_from_src: true,
+    sub_dir: "flag",
+}
+
 // Defaults to enable/disable java targets which uses development APIs. "enabled" may have a
 // different value depending on the branch.
 java_defaults {
@@ -70,18 +84,22 @@
     canned_fs_config: "canned_fs_config",
     bpfs: [
         "block.o",
-        "clatd.o_mainline",
-        "dscp_policy.o",
-        "netd.o_mainline",
+        "clatd.o",
+        "dscpPolicy.o",
+        "netd.o",
         "offload.o",
+        "offload@btf.o",
         "test.o",
+        "test@btf.o",
     ],
     apps: [
         "ServiceConnectivityResources",
+        "HalfSheetUX",
     ],
     prebuilts: [
         "current_sdkinfo",
         "privapp_allowlist_com.android.tethering",
+        "TetheringOutOfProcessFlag",
     ],
     manifest: "manifest.json",
     key: "com.android.tethering.key",
@@ -91,7 +109,10 @@
 
     androidManifest: "AndroidManifest.xml",
 
-    compat_configs: ["connectivity-platform-compat-config"],
+    compat_configs: [
+        "connectivity-platform-compat-config",
+        "connectivity-t-platform-compat-config",
+    ],
 }
 
 apex_key {
@@ -105,6 +126,15 @@
     certificate: "com.android.tethering",
 }
 
+filegroup {
+    name: "connectivity-hiddenapi-files",
+    srcs: [
+        ":connectivity-t-hiddenapi-files",
+        "hiddenapi/*.txt",
+    ],
+    visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"],
+}
+
 // Encapsulate the contributions made by the com.android.tethering to the bootclasspath.
 bootclasspath_fragment {
     name: "com.android.tethering-bootclasspath-fragment",
@@ -132,16 +162,11 @@
     // Additional hidden API flag files to override the defaults. This must only be
     // modified by the Soong or platform compat team.
     hidden_api: {
-        max_target_r_low_priority: [
-            "hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-r-loprio.txt",
-        ],
         max_target_o_low_priority: [
             "hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-o-low-priority.txt",
-            "hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-o-low-priority-tiramisu.txt",
         ],
         unsupported: [
             "hiddenapi/hiddenapi-unsupported.txt",
-            "hiddenapi/hiddenapi-unsupported-tiramisu.txt",
         ],
 
         // The following packages contain classes from other modules on the
@@ -152,6 +177,7 @@
         // API.
         split_packages: [
             "android.app.usage",
+            "android.nearby",
             "android.net",
             "android.net.netstats",
             "android.net.util",
@@ -164,6 +190,7 @@
         // classes into an API surface, e.g. public, system, etc.. Doing so will
         // result in a build failure due to inconsistent flags.
         package_prefixes: [
+            "android.nearby.aidl",
             "android.net.apf",
             "android.net.connectivity",
             "android.net.netstats.provider",
@@ -183,8 +210,21 @@
     base: "com.android.tethering",
     package_name: "com.android.tethering.inprocess",
     enabled: enable_tethering_next_apex,
+    bpfs: [
+        "block.o",
+        "clatd.o",
+        "dscpPolicy.o",
+        "netd.o",
+        "offload@inprocess.o",
+        "test@inprocess.o",
+    ],
     apps: [
         "ServiceConnectivityResources",
         "InProcessTethering",
     ],
+    prebuilts: [
+        "current_sdkinfo",
+        "privapp_allowlist_com.android.tethering",
+        "TetheringInProcessFlag",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/apex/in-process b/Tethering/apex/in-process
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tethering/apex/in-process
diff --git a/Tethering/apex/manifest.json b/Tethering/apex/manifest.json
index 88f13b2..5d5ede6 100644
--- a/Tethering/apex/manifest.json
+++ b/Tethering/apex/manifest.json
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 {
   "name": "com.android.tethering",
-  "version": 319999900
+
+  // Placeholder module version to be replaced during build.
+  // Do not change!
+  "version": 0
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/apex/out-of-process b/Tethering/apex/out-of-process
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tethering/apex/out-of-process
diff --git a/Tethering/apishim/30/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/api30/BpfCoordinatorShimImpl.java b/Tethering/apishim/30/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/api30/BpfCoordinatorShimImpl.java
index 22d2c5d..898b124 100644
--- a/Tethering/apishim/30/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/api30/BpfCoordinatorShimImpl.java
+++ b/Tethering/apishim/30/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/api30/BpfCoordinatorShimImpl.java
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.MacAddress;
 import android.net.TetherStatsParcel;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
@@ -28,11 +27,12 @@
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
 import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap.ThrowingBiConsumer;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Key;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Value;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsValue;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfCoordinator.Dependencies;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfCoordinator.Ipv6ForwardingRule;
-import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherStatsValue;
 
 /**
  * Bpf coordinator class for API shims.
@@ -168,13 +168,13 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean attachProgram(String iface, boolean downstream) {
+    public boolean attachProgram(String iface, boolean downstream, boolean ipv4) {
         /* no op */
         return true;
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean detachProgram(String iface) {
+    public boolean detachProgram(String iface, boolean ipv4) {
         /* no op */
         return true;
     }
diff --git a/Tethering/apishim/31/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/api31/BpfCoordinatorShimImpl.java b/Tethering/apishim/31/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/api31/BpfCoordinatorShimImpl.java
index 5afb862..3cad1c6 100644
--- a/Tethering/apishim/31/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/api31/BpfCoordinatorShimImpl.java
+++ b/Tethering/apishim/31/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/api31/BpfCoordinatorShimImpl.java
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 import static android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider.QUOTA_UNLIMITED;
 
 import android.net.MacAddress;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
 import android.system.Os;
 import android.system.OsConstants;
@@ -29,10 +28,13 @@
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
-import com.android.net.module.util.BpfMap;
+import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap.ThrowingBiConsumer;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Key;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Value;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsValue;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfCoordinator.Dependencies;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfCoordinator.Ipv6ForwardingRule;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfUtils;
@@ -42,8 +44,6 @@
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherDownstream6Key;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherLimitKey;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherLimitValue;
-import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherStatsKey;
-import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherStatsValue;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherUpstream6Key;
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
@@ -66,31 +66,31 @@
 
     // BPF map for downstream IPv4 forwarding.
     @Nullable
-    private final BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> mBpfDownstream4Map;
+    private final IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> mBpfDownstream4Map;
 
     // BPF map for upstream IPv4 forwarding.
     @Nullable
-    private final BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> mBpfUpstream4Map;
+    private final IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> mBpfUpstream4Map;
 
     // BPF map for downstream IPv6 forwarding.
     @Nullable
-    private final BpfMap<TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value> mBpfDownstream6Map;
+    private final IBpfMap<TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value> mBpfDownstream6Map;
 
     // BPF map for upstream IPv6 forwarding.
     @Nullable
-    private final BpfMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> mBpfUpstream6Map;
+    private final IBpfMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> mBpfUpstream6Map;
 
     // BPF map of tethering statistics of the upstream interface since tethering startup.
     @Nullable
-    private final BpfMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> mBpfStatsMap;
+    private final IBpfMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> mBpfStatsMap;
 
     // BPF map of per-interface quota for tethering offload.
     @Nullable
-    private final BpfMap<TetherLimitKey, TetherLimitValue> mBpfLimitMap;
+    private final IBpfMap<TetherLimitKey, TetherLimitValue> mBpfLimitMap;
 
     // BPF map of interface index mapping for XDP.
     @Nullable
-    private final BpfMap<TetherDevKey, TetherDevValue> mBpfDevMap;
+    private final IBpfMap<TetherDevKey, TetherDevValue> mBpfDevMap;
 
     // Tracking IPv4 rule count while any rule is using the given upstream interfaces. Used for
     // reducing the BPF map iteration query. The count is increased or decreased when the rule is
@@ -425,11 +425,11 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean attachProgram(String iface, boolean downstream) {
+    public boolean attachProgram(String iface, boolean downstream, boolean ipv4) {
         if (!isInitialized()) return false;
 
         try {
-            BpfUtils.attachProgram(iface, downstream);
+            BpfUtils.attachProgram(iface, downstream, ipv4);
         } catch (IOException e) {
             mLog.e("Could not attach program: " + e);
             return false;
@@ -438,11 +438,11 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean detachProgram(String iface) {
+    public boolean detachProgram(String iface, boolean ipv4) {
         if (!isInitialized()) return false;
 
         try {
-            BpfUtils.detachProgram(iface);
+            BpfUtils.detachProgram(iface, ipv4);
         } catch (IOException e) {
             mLog.e("Could not detach program: " + e);
             return false;
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@
         return true;
     }
 
-    private String mapStatus(BpfMap m, String name) {
+    private String mapStatus(IBpfMap m, String name) {
         return name + "{" + (m != null ? "OK" : "ERROR") + "}";
     }
 
diff --git a/Tethering/apishim/common/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/common/BpfCoordinatorShim.java b/Tethering/apishim/common/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/common/BpfCoordinatorShim.java
index 915e210..51cecfe 100644
--- a/Tethering/apishim/common/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/common/BpfCoordinatorShim.java
+++ b/Tethering/apishim/common/com/android/networkstack/tethering/apishim/common/BpfCoordinatorShim.java
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@
 import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap.ThrowingBiConsumer;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Key;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Value;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsValue;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfCoordinator.Dependencies;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfCoordinator.Ipv6ForwardingRule;
-import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherStatsValue;
 
 /**
  * Bpf coordinator class for API shims.
@@ -172,16 +172,24 @@
     /**
      * Attach BPF program.
      *
+     * @param iface the interface name to attach program.
+     * @param downstream indicate the datapath. true if downstream, false if upstream.
+     * @param ipv4 indicate the protocol family. true if ipv4, false if ipv6.
+     *
      * TODO: consider using InterfaceParams to replace interface name.
      */
-    public abstract boolean attachProgram(@NonNull String iface, boolean downstream);
+    public abstract boolean attachProgram(@NonNull String iface, boolean downstream,
+            boolean ipv4);
 
     /**
      * Detach BPF program.
      *
+     * @param iface the interface name to detach program.
+     * @param ipv4 indicate the protocol family. true if ipv4, false if ipv6.
+     *
      * TODO: consider using InterfaceParams to replace interface name.
      */
-    public abstract boolean detachProgram(@NonNull String iface);
+    public abstract boolean detachProgram(@NonNull String iface, boolean ipv4);
 
     /**
      * Add interface index mapping.
diff --git a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/Android.bp b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/Android.bp
index 25489ff..9ca3f14 100644
--- a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/Android.bp
+++ b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/Android.bp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
     name: "framework-tethering",
     defaults: ["framework-module-defaults"],
     impl_library_visibility: [
-        "//frameworks/base/packages/Tethering:__subpackages__",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/Tethering:__subpackages__",
 
         // Using for test only
diff --git a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/ITetheringEventCallback.aidl b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/ITetheringEventCallback.aidl
index b4e3ba4..836761f 100644
--- a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/ITetheringEventCallback.aidl
+++ b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/ITetheringEventCallback.aidl
@@ -36,4 +36,5 @@
     void onTetherStatesChanged(in TetherStatesParcel states);
     void onTetherClientsChanged(in List<TetheredClient> clients);
     void onOffloadStatusChanged(int status);
+    void onSupportedTetheringTypes(long supportedBitmap);
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringCallbackStartedParcel.aidl b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringCallbackStartedParcel.aidl
index 253eacb..f33f846 100644
--- a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringCallbackStartedParcel.aidl
+++ b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringCallbackStartedParcel.aidl
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
  * @hide
  */
 parcelable TetheringCallbackStartedParcel {
-    boolean tetheringSupported;
+    long supportedTypes;
     Network upstreamNetwork;
     TetheringConfigurationParcel config;
     TetherStatesParcel states;
diff --git a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringManager.java b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringManager.java
index 6f9b33e..cd914d3 100644
--- a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringManager.java
+++ b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringManager.java
@@ -183,6 +183,12 @@
      */
     public static final int TETHERING_WIGIG = 6;
 
+    /**
+     * The int value of last tethering type.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int MAX_TETHERING_TYPE = TETHERING_WIGIG;
+
     /** @hide */
     @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
     @IntDef(value = {
@@ -520,6 +526,9 @@
         }
 
         @Override
+        public void onSupportedTetheringTypes(long supportedBitmap) { }
+
+        @Override
         public void onUpstreamChanged(Network network) { }
 
         @Override
@@ -1033,15 +1042,29 @@
         /**
          * Called when tethering supported status changed.
          *
+         * <p>This callback will be called immediately after the callback is
+         * registered, and never be called if there is changes afterward.
+         *
+         * <p>Tethering may be disabled via system properties, device configuration, or device
+         * policy restrictions.
+         *
+         * @param supported whether any tethering type is supported.
+         */
+        default void onTetheringSupported(boolean supported) {}
+
+        /**
+         * Called when tethering supported status changed.
+         *
          * <p>This will be called immediately after the callback is registered, and may be called
          * multiple times later upon changes.
          *
          * <p>Tethering may be disabled via system properties, device configuration, or device
          * policy restrictions.
          *
-         * @param supported The new supported status
+         * @param supportedTypes a set of @TetheringType which is supported.
+         * @hide
          */
-        default void onTetheringSupported(boolean supported) {}
+        default void onSupportedTetheringTypes(@NonNull Set<Integer> supportedTypes) {}
 
         /**
          * Called when tethering upstream changed.
@@ -1250,8 +1273,10 @@
 
         @Override
         public int hashCode() {
-            return Objects.hash(mTetherableBluetoothRegexs, mTetherableUsbRegexs,
-                    mTetherableWifiRegexs);
+            return Objects.hash(
+                    Arrays.hashCode(mTetherableBluetoothRegexs),
+                    Arrays.hashCode(mTetherableUsbRegexs),
+                    Arrays.hashCode(mTetherableWifiRegexs));
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -1339,7 +1364,8 @@
                 @Override
                 public void onCallbackStarted(TetheringCallbackStartedParcel parcel) {
                     executor.execute(() -> {
-                        callback.onTetheringSupported(parcel.tetheringSupported);
+                        callback.onSupportedTetheringTypes(unpackBits(parcel.supportedTypes));
+                        callback.onTetheringSupported(parcel.supportedTypes != 0);
                         callback.onUpstreamChanged(parcel.upstreamNetwork);
                         sendErrorCallbacks(parcel.states);
                         sendRegexpsChanged(parcel.config);
@@ -1358,6 +1384,13 @@
                     });
                 }
 
+                @Override
+                public void onSupportedTetheringTypes(long supportedBitmap) {
+                    executor.execute(() -> {
+                        callback.onSupportedTetheringTypes(unpackBits(supportedBitmap));
+                    });
+                }
+
                 private void sendRegexpsChanged(TetheringConfigurationParcel parcel) {
                     callback.onTetherableInterfaceRegexpsChanged(new TetheringInterfaceRegexps(
                             parcel.tetherableBluetoothRegexs,
@@ -1396,6 +1429,23 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Unpack bitmap to a set of bit position intergers.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static ArraySet<Integer> unpackBits(long val) {
+        final ArraySet<Integer> result = new ArraySet<>(Long.bitCount(val));
+        int bitPos = 0;
+        while (val != 0) {
+            if ((val & 1) == 1) result.add(bitPos);
+
+            val = val >>> 1;
+            bitPos++;
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Remove tethering event callback previously registered with
      * {@link #registerTetheringEventCallback}.
      *
diff --git a/Tethering/jarjar-rules.txt b/Tethering/jarjar-rules.txt
index 40eed3f..904e491 100644
--- a/Tethering/jarjar-rules.txt
+++ b/Tethering/jarjar-rules.txt
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 # module will be overwritten by the ones in the framework.
 rule com.android.internal.util.** com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.@1
 rule android.util.LocalLog* com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.LocalLog@1
+rule android.util.IndentingPrintWriter* com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.AndroidUtilIndentingPrintWriter@1
 
 rule android.net.shared.Inet4AddressUtils* com.android.networkstack.tethering.shared.Inet4AddressUtils@1
 
@@ -13,4 +14,7 @@
 # Classes from net-utils-device-common
 rule com.android.net.module.util.Struct* com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.Struct@1
 
-rule com.google.protobuf.** com.android.networkstack.tethering.protobuf@1
\ No newline at end of file
+rule com.google.protobuf.** com.android.networkstack.tethering.protobuf@1
+
+# Classes for hardware offload hidl interface
+rule android.hidl.base.V1_0.DebugInfo* com.android.networkstack.tethering.hidl.base.V1_0.DebugInfo@1
diff --git a/Tethering/jni/com_android_networkstack_tethering_util_TetheringUtils.cpp b/Tethering/jni/com_android_networkstack_tethering_util_TetheringUtils.cpp
index 291bf54..6699c0d 100644
--- a/Tethering/jni/com_android_networkstack_tethering_util_TetheringUtils.cpp
+++ b/Tethering/jni/com_android_networkstack_tethering_util_TetheringUtils.cpp
@@ -49,8 +49,10 @@
         BPF_STMT(BPF_LD  | BPF_B   | BPF_ABS,  kICMPv6TypeOffset),
         BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP | BPF_JEQ | BPF_K,    type, 0, 1),
 
-        // Accept or reject.
+        // Accept.
         BPF_STMT(BPF_RET | BPF_K,              0xffff),
+
+        // Reject.
         BPF_STMT(BPF_RET | BPF_K,              0)
     };
 
diff --git a/Tethering/proguard.flags b/Tethering/proguard.flags
index 7b5ae0d..2905e28 100644
--- a/Tethering/proguard.flags
+++ b/Tethering/proguard.flags
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@
     native <methods>;
 }
 
+# Ensure runtime-visible field annotations are kept when using R8 full mode.
+-keepattributes RuntimeVisibleAnnotations,AnnotationDefault
+-keep interface com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.Struct$Field {
+    *;
+}
 -keepclassmembers public class * extends com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.Struct {
     *;
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
index c718f4c..438b592 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
@@ -44,9 +44,7 @@
 import android.net.dhcp.DhcpServingParamsParcelExt;
 import android.net.dhcp.IDhcpEventCallbacks;
 import android.net.dhcp.IDhcpServer;
-import android.net.ip.IpNeighborMonitor.NeighborEvent;
 import android.net.ip.RouterAdvertisementDaemon.RaParams;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.Looper;
 import android.os.Message;
@@ -64,11 +62,16 @@
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.InterfaceParams;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetdUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.InterfaceController;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.IpNeighborMonitor;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.IpNeighborMonitor.NeighborEvent;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfCoordinator;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfCoordinator.ClientInfo;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfCoordinator.Ipv6ForwardingRule;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.PrivateAddressCoordinator;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetheringConfiguration;
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.metrics.TetheringMetrics;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.InterfaceSet;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.PrefixUtils;
 
@@ -282,13 +285,15 @@
 
     private LinkAddress mIpv4Address;
 
+    private final TetheringMetrics mTetheringMetrics;
+
     // TODO: Add a dependency object to pass the data members or variables from the tethering
     // object. It helps to reduce the arguments of the constructor.
     public IpServer(
             String ifaceName, Looper looper, int interfaceType, SharedLog log,
             INetd netd, @NonNull BpfCoordinator coordinator, Callback callback,
             TetheringConfiguration config, PrivateAddressCoordinator addressCoordinator,
-            Dependencies deps) {
+            TetheringMetrics tetheringMetrics, Dependencies deps) {
         super(ifaceName, looper);
         mLog = log.forSubComponent(ifaceName);
         mNetd = netd;
@@ -303,6 +308,7 @@
         mP2pLeasesSubnetPrefixLength = config.getP2pLeasesSubnetPrefixLength();
         mPrivateAddressCoordinator = addressCoordinator;
         mDeps = deps;
+        mTetheringMetrics = tetheringMetrics;
         resetLinkProperties();
         mLastError = TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
         mServingMode = STATE_AVAILABLE;
@@ -1201,6 +1207,9 @@
             stopConntrackMonitoring();
 
             resetLinkProperties();
+
+            mTetheringMetrics.updateErrorCode(mInterfaceType, mLastError);
+            mTetheringMetrics.sendReport(mInterfaceType);
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/NeighborPacketForwarder.java b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/NeighborPacketForwarder.java
index 723bd63..8384562 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/NeighborPacketForwarder.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/NeighborPacketForwarder.java
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_DGRAM;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_NONBLOCK;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_RAW;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.ENODEV;
 
 import android.net.util.SocketUtils;
 import android.os.Handler;
@@ -131,7 +132,13 @@
                                                         ETH_P_IPV6, mListenIfaceParams.index);
             Os.bind(mFd, bindAddress);
         } catch (ErrnoException | SocketException e) {
-            Log.wtf(mTag, "Failed to create  socket", e);
+            // An ENODEV(No such device) will rise if tethering stopped before this function, this
+            // may happen when enable/disable tethering quickly.
+            if (e instanceof ErrnoException && ((ErrnoException) e).errno == ENODEV) {
+                Log.w(mTag, "Failed to create socket because tethered interface is gone", e);
+            } else {
+                Log.wtf(mTag, "Failed to create socket", e);
+            }
             closeSocketQuietly(mFd);
             return null;
         }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinator.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinator.java
index f8a1094..74ba209 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinator.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinator.java
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.UID_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.UID_TETHERING;
-import static android.net.ip.ConntrackMonitor.ConntrackEvent;
 import static android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider.QUOTA_UNLIMITED;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IP;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IPV6;
 
+import static com.android.net.module.util.ip.ConntrackMonitor.ConntrackEvent;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfUtils.DOWNSTREAM;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfUtils.UPSTREAM;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetheringConfiguration.DEFAULT_TETHER_OFFLOAD_POLL_INTERVAL_MS;
@@ -40,18 +40,14 @@
 import android.net.NetworkStats;
 import android.net.NetworkStats.Entry;
 import android.net.TetherOffloadRuleParcel;
-import android.net.ip.ConntrackMonitor;
-import android.net.ip.ConntrackMonitor.ConntrackEventConsumer;
 import android.net.ip.IpServer;
 import android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
 import android.system.OsConstants;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
-import android.util.Base64;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
 
@@ -61,19 +57,28 @@
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+import com.android.net.module.util.BpfDump;
 import com.android.net.module.util.BpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.InterfaceParams;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.U32;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.S32;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Key;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Value;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsValue;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.ConntrackMonitor;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.ConntrackMonitor.ConntrackEventConsumer;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.ConntrackMessage;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkConstants;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkSocket;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.apishim.common.BpfCoordinatorShim;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.TetheringUtils.ForwardedStats;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
@@ -118,9 +123,8 @@
     private static final String TETHER_LIMIT_MAP_PATH = makeMapPath("limit");
     private static final String TETHER_ERROR_MAP_PATH = makeMapPath("error");
     private static final String TETHER_DEV_MAP_PATH = makeMapPath("dev");
-
-    // Using "," as a separator is safe because base64 characters are [0-9a-zA-Z/=+].
-    private static final String DUMP_BASE64_DELIMITER = ",";
+    private static final String DUMPSYS_RAWMAP_ARG_STATS = "--stats";
+    private static final String DUMPSYS_RAWMAP_ARG_UPSTREAM4 = "--upstream4";
 
     /** The names of all the BPF counters defined in bpf_tethering.h. */
     public static final String[] sBpfCounterNames = getBpfCounterNames();
@@ -317,7 +321,7 @@
         }
 
         /** Get downstream4 BPF map. */
-        @Nullable public BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> getBpfDownstream4Map() {
+        @Nullable public IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> getBpfDownstream4Map() {
             if (!isAtLeastS()) return null;
             try {
                 return new BpfMap<>(TETHER_DOWNSTREAM4_MAP_PATH,
@@ -329,7 +333,7 @@
         }
 
         /** Get upstream4 BPF map. */
-        @Nullable public BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> getBpfUpstream4Map() {
+        @Nullable public IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> getBpfUpstream4Map() {
             if (!isAtLeastS()) return null;
             try {
                 return new BpfMap<>(TETHER_UPSTREAM4_MAP_PATH,
@@ -341,7 +345,7 @@
         }
 
         /** Get downstream6 BPF map. */
-        @Nullable public BpfMap<TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value> getBpfDownstream6Map() {
+        @Nullable public IBpfMap<TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value> getBpfDownstream6Map() {
             if (!isAtLeastS()) return null;
             try {
                 return new BpfMap<>(TETHER_DOWNSTREAM6_FS_PATH,
@@ -353,7 +357,7 @@
         }
 
         /** Get upstream6 BPF map. */
-        @Nullable public BpfMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> getBpfUpstream6Map() {
+        @Nullable public IBpfMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> getBpfUpstream6Map() {
             if (!isAtLeastS()) return null;
             try {
                 return new BpfMap<>(TETHER_UPSTREAM6_FS_PATH, BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR,
@@ -365,7 +369,7 @@
         }
 
         /** Get stats BPF map. */
-        @Nullable public BpfMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> getBpfStatsMap() {
+        @Nullable public IBpfMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> getBpfStatsMap() {
             if (!isAtLeastS()) return null;
             try {
                 return new BpfMap<>(TETHER_STATS_MAP_PATH,
@@ -377,7 +381,7 @@
         }
 
         /** Get limit BPF map. */
-        @Nullable public BpfMap<TetherLimitKey, TetherLimitValue> getBpfLimitMap() {
+        @Nullable public IBpfMap<TetherLimitKey, TetherLimitValue> getBpfLimitMap() {
             if (!isAtLeastS()) return null;
             try {
                 return new BpfMap<>(TETHER_LIMIT_MAP_PATH,
@@ -389,7 +393,7 @@
         }
 
         /** Get dev BPF map. */
-        @Nullable public BpfMap<TetherDevKey, TetherDevValue> getBpfDevMap() {
+        @Nullable public IBpfMap<TetherDevKey, TetherDevValue> getBpfDevMap() {
             if (!isAtLeastS()) return null;
             try {
                 return new BpfMap<>(TETHER_DEV_MAP_PATH,
@@ -532,6 +536,13 @@
         // TODO: Wrap conntrackMonitor stopping function into mBpfCoordinatorShim.
         if (!isUsingBpf() || !mDeps.isAtLeastS()) return;
 
+        // Ignore stopping monitoring if the monitor has never started for a given IpServer.
+        if (!mMonitoringIpServers.contains(ipServer)) {
+            mLog.e("Ignore stopping monitoring because monitoring has never started for "
+                    + ipServer.interfaceName());
+            return;
+        }
+
         mMonitoringIpServers.remove(ipServer);
 
         if (!mMonitoringIpServers.isEmpty()) return;
@@ -572,7 +583,7 @@
             if (!mBpfCoordinatorShim.startUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(downstream, upstream, rule.srcMac,
                     NULL_MAC_ADDRESS, NULL_MAC_ADDRESS, NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_MTU)) {
                 mLog.e("Failed to enable upstream IPv6 forwarding from "
-                        + mInterfaceNames.get(downstream) + " to " + mInterfaceNames.get(upstream));
+                        + getIfName(downstream) + " to " + getIfName(upstream));
             }
         }
 
@@ -613,7 +624,7 @@
             if (!mBpfCoordinatorShim.stopUpstreamIpv6Forwarding(downstream, upstream,
                     rule.srcMac)) {
                 mLog.e("Failed to disable upstream IPv6 forwarding from "
-                        + mInterfaceNames.get(downstream) + " to " + mInterfaceNames.get(upstream));
+                        + getIfName(downstream) + " to " + getIfName(upstream));
             }
         }
 
@@ -892,6 +903,28 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private boolean is464XlatInterface(@NonNull String ifaceName) {
+        return ifaceName.startsWith("v4-");
+    }
+
+    private void maybeAttachProgramImpl(@NonNull String iface, boolean downstream) {
+        mBpfCoordinatorShim.attachProgram(iface, downstream, true /* ipv4 */);
+
+        // Ignore 464xlat interface because it is IPv4 only.
+        if (!is464XlatInterface(iface)) {
+            mBpfCoordinatorShim.attachProgram(iface, downstream, false /* ipv4 */);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void maybeDetachProgramImpl(@NonNull String iface) {
+        mBpfCoordinatorShim.detachProgram(iface, true /* ipv4 */);
+
+        // Ignore 464xlat interface because it is IPv4 only.
+        if (!is464XlatInterface(iface)) {
+            mBpfCoordinatorShim.detachProgram(iface, false /* ipv4 */);
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Attach BPF program
      *
@@ -902,13 +935,19 @@
 
         if (forwardingPairExists(intIface, extIface)) return;
 
+        boolean firstUpstreamForThisDownstream = !isAnyForwardingPairOnDownstream(intIface);
         boolean firstDownstreamForThisUpstream = !isAnyForwardingPairOnUpstream(extIface);
         forwardingPairAdd(intIface, extIface);
 
-        mBpfCoordinatorShim.attachProgram(intIface, UPSTREAM);
+        // Attach if the downstream is the first time to be used in a forwarding pair.
+        // Ex: IPv6 only interface has two forwarding pair, iface and v4-iface, on the
+        // same downstream.
+        if (firstUpstreamForThisDownstream) {
+            maybeAttachProgramImpl(intIface, UPSTREAM);
+        }
         // Attach if the upstream is the first time to be used in a forwarding pair.
         if (firstDownstreamForThisUpstream) {
-            mBpfCoordinatorShim.attachProgram(extIface, DOWNSTREAM);
+            maybeAttachProgramImpl(extIface, DOWNSTREAM);
         }
     }
 
@@ -919,16 +958,22 @@
         forwardingPairRemove(intIface, extIface);
 
         // Detaching program may fail because the interface has been removed already.
-        mBpfCoordinatorShim.detachProgram(intIface);
+        if (!isAnyForwardingPairOnDownstream(intIface)) {
+            maybeDetachProgramImpl(intIface);
+        }
         // Detach if no more forwarding pair is using the upstream.
         if (!isAnyForwardingPairOnUpstream(extIface)) {
-            mBpfCoordinatorShim.detachProgram(extIface);
+            maybeDetachProgramImpl(extIface);
         }
     }
 
     // TODO: make mInterfaceNames accessible to the shim and move this code to there.
-    private String getIfName(long ifindex) {
-        return mInterfaceNames.get((int) ifindex, Long.toString(ifindex));
+    // This function should only be used for logging/dump purposes.
+    private String getIfName(int ifindex) {
+        // TODO: return something more useful on lookup failure
+        // likely use the 'iface_index_name_map' bpf map and/or if_nametoindex
+        // perhaps should even check that all 3 match if available.
+        return mInterfaceNames.get(ifindex, Integer.toString(ifindex));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -938,6 +983,8 @@
      * be allowed to be accessed on the handler thread.
      */
     public void dump(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        // Note that EthernetTetheringTest#isTetherConfigBpfOffloadEnabled relies on
+        // "mIsBpfEnabled" to check tethering config via dumpsys. Beware of the change if any.
         pw.println("mIsBpfEnabled: " + mIsBpfEnabled);
         pw.println("Polling " + (mPollingStarted ? "started" : "not started"));
         pw.println("Stats provider " + (mStatsProvider != null
@@ -963,9 +1010,9 @@
 
         pw.println("Forwarding rules:");
         pw.increaseIndent();
-        dumpIpv6UpstreamRules(pw);
-        dumpIpv6ForwardingRules(pw);
-        dumpIpv4ForwardingRules(pw);
+        dumpIpv6ForwardingRulesByDownstream(pw);
+        dumpBpfForwardingRulesIpv6(pw);
+        dumpBpfForwardingRulesIpv4(pw);
         pw.decreaseIndent();
         pw.println();
 
@@ -1003,12 +1050,12 @@
         for (int i = 0; i < mStats.size(); i++) {
             final int upstreamIfindex = mStats.keyAt(i);
             final ForwardedStats stats = mStats.get(upstreamIfindex);
-            pw.println(String.format("%d(%s) - %s", upstreamIfindex, mInterfaceNames.get(
-                    upstreamIfindex), stats.toString()));
+            pw.println(String.format("%d(%s) - %s", upstreamIfindex, getIfName(upstreamIfindex),
+                    stats.toString()));
         }
     }
     private void dumpBpfStats(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
-        try (BpfMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> map = mDeps.getBpfStatsMap()) {
+        try (IBpfMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> map = mDeps.getBpfStatsMap()) {
             if (map == null) {
                 pw.println("No BPF stats map");
                 return;
@@ -1019,14 +1066,17 @@
             map.forEach((k, v) -> {
                 pw.println(String.format("%s: %s", k, v));
             });
-        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+        } catch (ErrnoException | IOException e) {
             pw.println("Error dumping BPF stats map: " + e);
         }
     }
 
-    private void dumpIpv6ForwardingRules(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+    private void dumpIpv6ForwardingRulesByDownstream(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        pw.println("IPv6 Forwarding rules by downstream interface:");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
         if (mIpv6ForwardingRules.size() == 0) {
             pw.println("No IPv6 rules");
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
             return;
         }
 
@@ -1036,28 +1086,31 @@
             // The rule downstream interface index is paired with the interface name from
             // IpServer#interfaceName. See #startIPv6, #updateIpv6ForwardingRules in IpServer.
             final String downstreamIface = ipServer.interfaceName();
-            pw.println("[" + downstreamIface + "]: iif(iface) oif(iface) v6addr srcmac dstmac");
+            pw.println("[" + downstreamIface + "]: iif(iface) oif(iface) v6addr "
+                    + "[srcmac] [dstmac]");
 
             pw.increaseIndent();
             LinkedHashMap<Inet6Address, Ipv6ForwardingRule> rules = entry.getValue();
             for (Ipv6ForwardingRule rule : rules.values()) {
                 final int upstreamIfindex = rule.upstreamIfindex;
-                pw.println(String.format("%d(%s) %d(%s) %s %s %s", upstreamIfindex,
-                        mInterfaceNames.get(upstreamIfindex), rule.downstreamIfindex,
-                        downstreamIface, rule.address.getHostAddress(), rule.srcMac, rule.dstMac));
+                pw.println(String.format("%d(%s) %d(%s) %s [%s] [%s]", upstreamIfindex,
+                        getIfName(upstreamIfindex), rule.downstreamIfindex,
+                        getIfName(rule.downstreamIfindex), rule.address.getHostAddress(),
+                        rule.srcMac, rule.dstMac));
             }
             pw.decreaseIndent();
         }
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
     }
 
-    private String ipv6UpstreamRuletoString(TetherUpstream6Key key, Tether6Value value) {
-        return String.format("%d(%s) %s -> %d(%s) %04x %s %s",
+    private String ipv6UpstreamRuleToString(TetherUpstream6Key key, Tether6Value value) {
+        return String.format("%d(%s) [%s] -> %d(%s) %04x [%s] [%s]",
                 key.iif, getIfName(key.iif), key.dstMac, value.oif, getIfName(value.oif),
                 value.ethProto, value.ethSrcMac, value.ethDstMac);
     }
 
     private void dumpIpv6UpstreamRules(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
-        try (BpfMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> map = mDeps.getBpfUpstream6Map()) {
+        try (IBpfMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> map = mDeps.getBpfUpstream6Map()) {
             if (map == null) {
                 pw.println("No IPv6 upstream");
                 return;
@@ -1066,45 +1119,101 @@
                 pw.println("No IPv6 upstream rules");
                 return;
             }
-            map.forEach((k, v) -> pw.println(ipv6UpstreamRuletoString(k, v)));
-        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            map.forEach((k, v) -> pw.println(ipv6UpstreamRuleToString(k, v)));
+        } catch (ErrnoException | IOException e) {
             pw.println("Error dumping IPv6 upstream map: " + e);
         }
     }
 
-    private String ipv4RuleToBase64String(Tether4Key key, Tether4Value value) {
-        final byte[] keyBytes = key.writeToBytes();
-        final String keyBase64Str = Base64.encodeToString(keyBytes, Base64.DEFAULT)
-                .replace("\n", "");
-        final byte[] valueBytes = value.writeToBytes();
-        final String valueBase64Str = Base64.encodeToString(valueBytes, Base64.DEFAULT)
-                .replace("\n", "");
-
-        return keyBase64Str + DUMP_BASE64_DELIMITER + valueBase64Str;
+    private String ipv6DownstreamRuleToString(TetherDownstream6Key key, Tether6Value value) {
+        final String neigh6;
+        try {
+            neigh6 = InetAddress.getByAddress(key.neigh6).getHostAddress();
+        } catch (UnknownHostException impossible) {
+            throw new AssertionError("IP address array not valid IPv6 address!");
+        }
+        return String.format("%d(%s) [%s] %s -> %d(%s) %04x [%s] [%s]",
+                key.iif, getIfName(key.iif), key.dstMac, neigh6, value.oif, getIfName(value.oif),
+                value.ethProto, value.ethSrcMac, value.ethDstMac);
     }
 
-    private void dumpRawIpv4ForwardingRuleMap(
-            BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> map, IndentingPrintWriter pw) throws ErrnoException {
+    private void dumpIpv6DownstreamRules(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        try (IBpfMap<TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value> map = mDeps.getBpfDownstream6Map()) {
+            if (map == null) {
+                pw.println("No IPv6 downstream");
+                return;
+            }
+            if (map.isEmpty()) {
+                pw.println("No IPv6 downstream rules");
+                return;
+            }
+            map.forEach((k, v) -> pw.println(ipv6DownstreamRuleToString(k, v)));
+        } catch (ErrnoException | IOException e) {
+            pw.println("Error dumping IPv6 downstream map: " + e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // TODO: use dump utils with headerline and lambda which prints key and value to reduce
+    // duplicate bpf map dump code.
+    private void dumpBpfForwardingRulesIpv6(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        pw.println("IPv6 Upstream: iif(iface) [inDstMac] -> oif(iface) etherType [outSrcMac] "
+                + "[outDstMac]");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
+        dumpIpv6UpstreamRules(pw);
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
+
+        pw.println("IPv6 Downstream: iif(iface) [inDstMac] neigh6 -> oif(iface) etherType "
+                + "[outSrcMac] [outDstMac]");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
+        dumpIpv6DownstreamRules(pw);
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
+    }
+
+    private <K extends Struct, V extends Struct> void dumpRawMap(IBpfMap<K, V> map,
+            IndentingPrintWriter pw) throws ErrnoException {
         if (map == null) {
-            pw.println("No IPv4 support");
+            pw.println("No BPF support");
             return;
         }
         if (map.isEmpty()) {
-            pw.println("No rules");
+            pw.println("No entries");
             return;
         }
-        map.forEach((k, v) -> pw.println(ipv4RuleToBase64String(k, v)));
+        map.forEach((k, v) -> pw.println(BpfDump.toBase64EncodedString(k, v)));
     }
 
     /**
-     * Dump raw BPF map in base64 encoded strings. For test only.
+     * Dump raw BPF map into the base64 encoded strings "<base64 key>,<base64 value>".
+     * Allow to dump only one map path once. For test only.
+     *
+     * Usage:
+     * $ dumpsys tethering bpfRawMap --<map name>
+     *
+     * Output:
+     * <base64 encoded key #1>,<base64 encoded value #1>
+     * <base64 encoded key #2>,<base64 encoded value #2>
+     * ..
      */
-    public void dumpRawMap(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
-        try (BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> upstreamMap = mDeps.getBpfUpstream4Map()) {
-            // TODO: dump downstream map.
-            dumpRawIpv4ForwardingRuleMap(upstreamMap, pw);
-        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
-            pw.println("Error dumping IPv4 map: " + e);
+    public void dumpRawMap(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw, @Nullable String[] args) {
+        // TODO: consider checking the arg order that <map name> is after "bpfRawMap". Probably
+        // it is okay for now because this is used by test only and test is supposed to use
+        // expected argument order.
+        // TODO: dump downstream4 map.
+        if (CollectionUtils.contains(args, DUMPSYS_RAWMAP_ARG_STATS)) {
+            try (IBpfMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> statsMap = mDeps.getBpfStatsMap()) {
+                dumpRawMap(statsMap, pw);
+            } catch (ErrnoException | IOException e) {
+                pw.println("Error dumping stats map: " + e);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        if (CollectionUtils.contains(args, DUMPSYS_RAWMAP_ARG_UPSTREAM4)) {
+            try (IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> upstreamMap = mDeps.getBpfUpstream4Map()) {
+                dumpRawMap(upstreamMap, pw);
+            } catch (ErrnoException | IOException e) {
+                pw.println("Error dumping IPv4 map: " + e);
+            }
+            return;
         }
     }
 
@@ -1144,7 +1253,7 @@
     }
 
     private void dumpIpv4ForwardingRuleMap(long now, boolean downstream,
-            BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> map, IndentingPrintWriter pw) throws ErrnoException {
+            IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> map, IndentingPrintWriter pw) throws ErrnoException {
         if (map == null) {
             pw.println("No IPv4 support");
             return;
@@ -1156,11 +1265,11 @@
         map.forEach((k, v) -> pw.println(ipv4RuleToString(now, downstream, k, v)));
     }
 
-    private void dumpIpv4ForwardingRules(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+    private void dumpBpfForwardingRulesIpv4(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
         final long now = SystemClock.elapsedRealtimeNanos();
 
-        try (BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> upstreamMap = mDeps.getBpfUpstream4Map();
-                BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> downstreamMap = mDeps.getBpfDownstream4Map()) {
+        try (IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> upstreamMap = mDeps.getBpfUpstream4Map();
+                IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> downstreamMap = mDeps.getBpfDownstream4Map()) {
             pw.println("IPv4 Upstream: proto [inDstMac] iif(iface) src -> nat -> "
                     + "dst [outDstMac] age");
             pw.increaseIndent();
@@ -1172,7 +1281,7 @@
             pw.increaseIndent();
             dumpIpv4ForwardingRuleMap(now, DOWNSTREAM, downstreamMap, pw);
             pw.decreaseIndent();
-        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+        } catch (ErrnoException | IOException e) {
             pw.println("Error dumping IPv4 map: " + e);
         }
     }
@@ -1182,28 +1291,28 @@
             pw.println("No counter support");
             return;
         }
-        try (BpfMap<U32, U32> map = new BpfMap<>(TETHER_ERROR_MAP_PATH, BpfMap.BPF_F_RDONLY,
-                U32.class, U32.class)) {
+        try (IBpfMap<S32, S32> map = new BpfMap<>(TETHER_ERROR_MAP_PATH, BpfMap.BPF_F_RDONLY,
+                S32.class, S32.class)) {
 
             map.forEach((k, v) -> {
                 String counterName;
                 try {
-                    counterName = sBpfCounterNames[(int) k.val];
+                    counterName = sBpfCounterNames[k.val];
                 } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
                     // Should never happen because this code gets the counter name from the same
                     // include file as the BPF program that increments the counter.
                     Log.wtf(TAG, "Unknown tethering counter type " + k.val);
-                    counterName = Long.toString(k.val);
+                    counterName = Integer.toString(k.val);
                 }
                 if (v.val > 0) pw.println(String.format("%s: %d", counterName, v.val));
             });
-        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+        } catch (ErrnoException | IOException e) {
             pw.println("Error dumping counter map: " + e);
         }
     }
 
     private void dumpDevmap(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
-        try (BpfMap<TetherDevKey, TetherDevValue> map = mDeps.getBpfDevMap()) {
+        try (IBpfMap<TetherDevKey, TetherDevValue> map = mDeps.getBpfDevMap()) {
             if (map == null) {
                 pw.println("No devmap support");
                 return;
@@ -1221,7 +1330,7 @@
                 pw.println(String.format("%d (%s) -> %d (%s)", k.ifIndex, getIfName(k.ifIndex),
                         v.ifIndex, getIfName(v.ifIndex)));
             });
-        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+        } catch (ErrnoException | IOException e) {
             pw.println("Error dumping dev map: " + e);
         }
         pw.decreaseIndent();
@@ -1721,8 +1830,7 @@
         // TODO: Perhaps stop the coordinator.
         boolean success = updateDataLimit(upstreamIfindex);
         if (!success) {
-            final String iface = mInterfaceNames.get(upstreamIfindex);
-            mLog.e("Setting data limit for " + iface + " failed.");
+            mLog.e("Setting data limit for " + getIfName(upstreamIfindex) + " failed.");
         }
     }
 
@@ -1810,6 +1918,13 @@
         return mForwardingPairs.containsKey(extIface);
     }
 
+    private boolean isAnyForwardingPairOnDownstream(@NonNull String intIface) {
+        for (final HashSet downstreams : mForwardingPairs.values()) {
+            if (downstreams.contains(intIface)) return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
     @NonNull
     private NetworkStats buildNetworkStats(@NonNull StatsType type, int ifIndex,
             @NonNull final ForwardedStats diff) {
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfUtils.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfUtils.java
index 3d2dfaa..12a0c96 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfUtils.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfUtils.java
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
      *
      * TODO: use interface index to replace interface name.
      */
-    public static void attachProgram(@NonNull String iface, boolean downstream)
+    public static void attachProgram(@NonNull String iface, boolean downstream, boolean ipv4)
             throws IOException {
         final InterfaceParams params = InterfaceParams.getByName(iface);
         if (params == null) {
@@ -88,24 +88,26 @@
             throw new IOException("isEthernet(" + params.index + "[" + iface + "]) failure: " + e);
         }
 
-        try {
-            // tc filter add dev .. ingress prio 1 protocol ipv6 bpf object-pinned /sys/fs/bpf/...
-            // direct-action
-            TcUtils.tcFilterAddDevBpf(params.index, INGRESS, PRIO_TETHER6, (short) ETH_P_IPV6,
-                    makeProgPath(downstream, 6, ether));
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            throw new IOException("tc filter add dev (" + params.index + "[" + iface
-                    + "]) ingress prio PRIO_TETHER6 protocol ipv6 failure: " + e);
-        }
-
-        try {
-            // tc filter add dev .. ingress prio 2 protocol ip bpf object-pinned /sys/fs/bpf/...
-            // direct-action
-            TcUtils.tcFilterAddDevBpf(params.index, INGRESS, PRIO_TETHER4, (short) ETH_P_IP,
-                    makeProgPath(downstream, 4, ether));
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            throw new IOException("tc filter add dev (" + params.index + "[" + iface
-                    + "]) ingress prio PRIO_TETHER4 protocol ip failure: " + e);
+        if (ipv4) {
+            try {
+                // tc filter add dev .. ingress prio 2 protocol ip bpf object-pinned /sys/fs/bpf/...
+                // direct-action
+                TcUtils.tcFilterAddDevBpf(params.index, INGRESS, PRIO_TETHER4, (short) ETH_P_IP,
+                        makeProgPath(downstream, 4, ether));
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                throw new IOException("tc filter add dev (" + params.index + "[" + iface
+                        + "]) ingress prio PRIO_TETHER4 protocol ip failure: " + e);
+            }
+        } else {
+            try {
+                // tc filter add dev .. ingress prio 1 protocol ipv6 bpf object-pinned
+                // /sys/fs/bpf/... direct-action
+                TcUtils.tcFilterAddDevBpf(params.index, INGRESS, PRIO_TETHER6, (short) ETH_P_IPV6,
+                        makeProgPath(downstream, 6, ether));
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                throw new IOException("tc filter add dev (" + params.index + "[" + iface
+                        + "]) ingress prio PRIO_TETHER6 protocol ipv6 failure: " + e);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -114,26 +116,28 @@
      *
      * TODO: use interface index to replace interface name.
      */
-    public static void detachProgram(@NonNull String iface) throws IOException {
+    public static void detachProgram(@NonNull String iface, boolean ipv4) throws IOException {
         final InterfaceParams params = InterfaceParams.getByName(iface);
         if (params == null) {
             throw new IOException("Fail to get interface params for interface " + iface);
         }
 
-        try {
-            // tc filter del dev .. ingress prio 1 protocol ipv6
-            TcUtils.tcFilterDelDev(params.index, INGRESS, PRIO_TETHER6, (short) ETH_P_IPV6);
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            throw new IOException("tc filter del dev (" + params.index + "[" + iface
-                    + "]) ingress prio PRIO_TETHER6 protocol ipv6 failure: " + e);
-        }
-
-        try {
-            // tc filter del dev .. ingress prio 2 protocol ip
-            TcUtils.tcFilterDelDev(params.index, INGRESS, PRIO_TETHER4, (short) ETH_P_IP);
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            throw new IOException("tc filter del dev (" + params.index + "[" + iface
-                    + "]) ingress prio PRIO_TETHER4 protocol ip failure: " + e);
+        if (ipv4) {
+            try {
+                // tc filter del dev .. ingress prio 2 protocol ip
+                TcUtils.tcFilterDelDev(params.index, INGRESS, PRIO_TETHER4, (short) ETH_P_IP);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                throw new IOException("tc filter del dev (" + params.index + "[" + iface
+                        + "]) ingress prio PRIO_TETHER4 protocol ip failure: " + e);
+            }
+        } else {
+            try {
+                // tc filter del dev .. ingress prio 1 protocol ipv6
+                TcUtils.tcFilterDelDev(params.index, INGRESS, PRIO_TETHER6, (short) ETH_P_IPV6);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                throw new IOException("tc filter del dev (" + params.index + "[" + iface
+                        + "]) ingress prio PRIO_TETHER6 protocol ipv6 failure: " + e);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/EntitlementManager.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/EntitlementManager.java
index 844efde..784ebd5 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/EntitlementManager.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/EntitlementManager.java
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_PROVISIONING_FAILED;
 
 import static com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim.ACTION_TETHER_UNSUPPORTED_CARRIER_UI;
-import static com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim.KEY_CARRIER_SUPPORTS_TETHERING_BOOL;
 
 import android.app.AlarmManager;
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
@@ -44,20 +43,18 @@
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.IntentFilter;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.Parcel;
-import android.os.PersistableBundle;
 import android.os.ResultReceiver;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.os.SystemProperties;
 import android.provider.Settings;
-import android.telephony.CarrierConfigManager;
 import android.util.SparseIntArray;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.util.BitSet;
@@ -299,7 +296,7 @@
      *  4th priority : Checks whether provisioning is required from RRO configuration.
      *
      * @param config
-     * @return integer {@see #TETHERING_PROVISIONING_NOT_REQUIRED,
+     * @return integer See {@link #TETHERING_PROVISIONING_NOT_REQUIRED,
      *                 #TETHERING_PROVISIONING_REQUIRED,
      *                 #TETHERING_PROVISIONING_CARRIER_UNSUPPORT}
      */
@@ -307,13 +304,13 @@
         if (SystemProperties.getBoolean(DISABLE_PROVISIONING_SYSPROP_KEY, false)) {
             return TETHERING_PROVISIONING_NOT_REQUIRED;
         }
-        // TODO: Find a way to avoid get carrier config twice.
-        if (carrierConfigAffirmsCarrierNotSupport(config)) {
+
+        if (!config.isCarrierSupportTethering) {
             // To block tethering, behave as if running provisioning check and failed.
             return TETHERING_PROVISIONING_CARRIER_UNSUPPORT;
         }
 
-        if (carrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckNotRequired(config)) {
+        if (!config.isCarrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired) {
             return TETHERING_PROVISIONING_NOT_REQUIRED;
         }
         return (config.provisioningApp.length == 2)
@@ -380,57 +377,6 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Get carrier configuration bundle.
-     * @param config an object that encapsulates the various tethering configuration elements.
-     * */
-    public PersistableBundle getCarrierConfig(final TetheringConfiguration config) {
-        final CarrierConfigManager configManager = mContext
-                .getSystemService(CarrierConfigManager.class);
-        if (configManager == null) return null;
-
-        final PersistableBundle carrierConfig = configManager.getConfigForSubId(
-                config.activeDataSubId);
-
-        if (CarrierConfigManager.isConfigForIdentifiedCarrier(carrierConfig)) {
-            return carrierConfig;
-        }
-
-        return null;
-    }
-
-    // The logic here is aimed solely at confirming that a CarrierConfig exists
-    // and affirms that entitlement checks are not required.
-    //
-    // TODO: find a better way to express this, or alter the checking process
-    // entirely so that this is more intuitive.
-    // TODO: Find a way to avoid using getCarrierConfig everytime.
-    private boolean carrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckNotRequired(
-            final TetheringConfiguration config) {
-        // Check carrier config for entitlement checks
-        final PersistableBundle carrierConfig = getCarrierConfig(config);
-        if (carrierConfig == null) return false;
-
-        // A CarrierConfigManager was found and it has a config.
-        final boolean isEntitlementCheckRequired = carrierConfig.getBoolean(
-                CarrierConfigManager.KEY_REQUIRE_ENTITLEMENT_CHECKS_BOOL);
-        return !isEntitlementCheckRequired;
-    }
-
-    private boolean carrierConfigAffirmsCarrierNotSupport(final TetheringConfiguration config) {
-        if (!SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        // Check carrier config for entitlement checks
-        final PersistableBundle carrierConfig = getCarrierConfig(config);
-        if (carrierConfig == null) return false;
-
-        // A CarrierConfigManager was found and it has a config.
-        final boolean mIsCarrierSupport = carrierConfig.getBoolean(
-                KEY_CARRIER_SUPPORTS_TETHERING_BOOL, true);
-        return !mIsCarrierSupport;
-    }
-
-    /**
      * Run no UI tethering provisioning check.
      * @param type tethering type from TetheringManager.TETHERING_{@code *}
      * @param subId default data subscription ID.
@@ -479,7 +425,7 @@
 
     private void runTetheringProvisioning(
             boolean showProvisioningUi, int downstreamType, final TetheringConfiguration config) {
-        if (carrierConfigAffirmsCarrierNotSupport(config)) {
+        if (!config.isCarrierSupportTethering) {
             mListener.onTetherProvisioningFailed(downstreamType, "Carrier does not support.");
             if (showProvisioningUi) {
                 showCarrierUnsupportedDialog();
@@ -497,7 +443,7 @@
     }
 
     private void showCarrierUnsupportedDialog() {
-        // This is only used when carrierConfigAffirmsCarrierNotSupport() is true.
+        // This is only used when TetheringConfiguration.isCarrierSupportTethering is false.
         if (!SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
             return;
         }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/IPv6TetheringCoordinator.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/IPv6TetheringCoordinator.java
index f3dcaa2..ab3929d 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/IPv6TetheringCoordinator.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/IPv6TetheringCoordinator.java
@@ -24,9 +24,10 @@
 import android.net.RouteInfo;
 import android.net.ip.IpServer;
 import android.net.util.NetworkConstants;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.util.Log;
 
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
+
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.net.UnknownHostException;
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadController.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadController.java
index d60c21d..94684af 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadController.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadController.java
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@
 import android.net.NetworkStats.Entry;
 import android.net.RouteInfo;
 import android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.provider.Settings;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
@@ -53,6 +52,7 @@
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.ConntrackMessage;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkConstants;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkSocket;
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadHardwareInterface.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadHardwareInterface.java
index 9da66d8..fbb342d 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadHardwareInterface.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadHardwareInterface.java
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 import android.hardware.tetheroffload.control.V1_0.NetworkProtocol;
 import android.hardware.tetheroffload.control.V1_0.OffloadCallbackEvent;
 import android.hardware.tetheroffload.control.V1_1.ITetheringOffloadCallback;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.net.util.SocketUtils;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.NativeHandle;
@@ -40,6 +39,7 @@
 import android.util.Pair;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkSocket;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.StructNfGenMsg;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.StructNlMsgHdr;
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/PrivateAddressCoordinator.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/PrivateAddressCoordinator.java
index cc2422f..41a10ae 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/PrivateAddressCoordinator.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/PrivateAddressCoordinator.java
@@ -172,6 +172,9 @@
             return new LinkAddress(LEGACY_WIFI_P2P_IFACE_ADDRESS);
         }
 
+        // This ensures that tethering isn't started on 2 different interfaces with the same type.
+        // Once tethering could support multiple interface with the same type,
+        // TetheringSoftApCallback would need to handle it among others.
         final LinkAddress cachedAddress = mCachedAddresses.get(ipServer.interfaceType());
         if (useLastAddress && cachedAddress != null
                 && !isConflictWithUpstream(asIpPrefix(cachedAddress))) {
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDevKey.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDevKey.java
index 4283c1b..997080c 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDevKey.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDevKey.java
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
 
 /** The key of BpfMap which is used for mapping interface index. */
 public class TetherDevKey extends Struct {
-    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.U32)
-    public final long ifIndex;  // interface index
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int ifIndex;  // interface index
 
-    public TetherDevKey(final long ifIndex) {
+    public TetherDevKey(final int ifIndex) {
         this.ifIndex = ifIndex;
     }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDevValue.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDevValue.java
index 1cd99b5..b6e0c73 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDevValue.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDevValue.java
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
 
 /** The key of BpfMap which is used for mapping interface index. */
 public class TetherDevValue extends Struct {
-    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.U32)
-    public final long ifIndex;  // interface index
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int ifIndex;  // interface index
 
-    public TetherDevValue(final long ifIndex) {
+    public TetherDevValue(final int ifIndex) {
         this.ifIndex = ifIndex;
     }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDownstream6Key.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDownstream6Key.java
index a08ad4a..e34b3f1 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDownstream6Key.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherDownstream6Key.java
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
 
 /** The key of BpfMap which is used for bpf offload. */
 public class TetherDownstream6Key extends Struct {
-    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.U32)
-    public final long iif; // The input interface index.
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int iif; // The input interface index.
 
     @Field(order = 1, type = Type.EUI48, padding = 2)
     public final MacAddress dstMac; // Destination ethernet mac address (zeroed iff rawip ingress).
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
     @Field(order = 2, type = Type.ByteArray, arraysize = 16)
     public final byte[] neigh6; // The destination IPv6 address.
 
-    public TetherDownstream6Key(final long iif, @NonNull final MacAddress dstMac,
+    public TetherDownstream6Key(final int iif, @NonNull final MacAddress dstMac,
             final byte[] neigh6) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(dstMac);
 
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherLimitKey.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherLimitKey.java
index bc9bb47..68d694a 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherLimitKey.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherLimitKey.java
@@ -22,32 +22,10 @@
 
 /** The key of BpfMap which is used for tethering per-interface limit. */
 public class TetherLimitKey extends Struct {
-    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.U32)
-    public final long ifindex;  // upstream interface index
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int ifindex;  // upstream interface index
 
-    public TetherLimitKey(final long ifindex) {
+    public TetherLimitKey(final int ifindex) {
         this.ifindex = ifindex;
     }
-
-    // TODO: remove equals, hashCode and toString once aosp/1536721 is merged.
-    @Override
-    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
-        if (this == obj) return true;
-
-        if (!(obj instanceof TetherLimitKey)) return false;
-
-        final TetherLimitKey that = (TetherLimitKey) obj;
-
-        return ifindex == that.ifindex;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int hashCode() {
-        return Long.hashCode(ifindex);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-        return String.format("ifindex: %d", ifindex);
-    }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherLimitValue.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherLimitValue.java
index ed7e7d4..00dfcc6 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherLimitValue.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherLimitValue.java
@@ -32,26 +32,4 @@
     public TetherLimitValue(final long limit) {
         this.limit = limit;
     }
-
-    // TODO: remove equals, hashCode and toString once aosp/1536721 is merged.
-    @Override
-    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
-        if (this == obj) return true;
-
-        if (!(obj instanceof TetherLimitValue)) return false;
-
-        final TetherLimitValue that = (TetherLimitValue) obj;
-
-        return limit == that.limit;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int hashCode() {
-        return Long.hashCode(limit);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-        return String.format("limit: %d", limit);
-    }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherStatsKey.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherStatsKey.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 5442480..0000000
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherStatsKey.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.networkstack.tethering;
-
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
-
-/** The key of BpfMap which is used for tethering stats. */
-public class TetherStatsKey extends Struct {
-    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.U32)
-    public final long ifindex;  // upstream interface index
-
-    public TetherStatsKey(final long ifindex) {
-        this.ifindex = ifindex;
-    }
-
-    // TODO: remove equals, hashCode and toString once aosp/1536721 is merged.
-    @Override
-    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
-        if (this == obj) return true;
-
-        if (!(obj instanceof TetherStatsKey)) return false;
-
-        final TetherStatsKey that = (TetherStatsKey) obj;
-
-        return ifindex == that.ifindex;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int hashCode() {
-        return Long.hashCode(ifindex);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-        return String.format("ifindex: %d", ifindex);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherStatsValue.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherStatsValue.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 844d2e8..0000000
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetherStatsValue.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.networkstack.tethering;
-
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
-
-/** The key of BpfMap which is used for tethering stats. */
-public class TetherStatsValue extends Struct {
-    // Use the signed long variable to store the uint64 stats from stats BPF map.
-    // U63 is enough for each data element even at 5Gbps for ~468 years.
-    // 2^63 / (5 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000) * 8 / 86400 / 365 = 468.
-    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.U63)
-    public final long rxPackets;
-    @Field(order = 1, type = Type.U63)
-    public final long rxBytes;
-    @Field(order = 2, type = Type.U63)
-    public final long rxErrors;
-    @Field(order = 3, type = Type.U63)
-    public final long txPackets;
-    @Field(order = 4, type = Type.U63)
-    public final long txBytes;
-    @Field(order = 5, type = Type.U63)
-    public final long txErrors;
-
-    public TetherStatsValue(final long rxPackets, final long rxBytes, final long rxErrors,
-            final long txPackets, final long txBytes, final long txErrors) {
-        this.rxPackets = rxPackets;
-        this.rxBytes = rxBytes;
-        this.rxErrors = rxErrors;
-        this.txPackets = txPackets;
-        this.txBytes = txBytes;
-        this.txErrors = txErrors;
-    }
-
-    // TODO: remove equals, hashCode and toString once aosp/1536721 is merged.
-    @Override
-    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
-        if (this == obj) return true;
-
-        if (!(obj instanceof TetherStatsValue)) return false;
-
-        final TetherStatsValue that = (TetherStatsValue) obj;
-
-        return rxPackets == that.rxPackets
-                && rxBytes == that.rxBytes
-                && rxErrors == that.rxErrors
-                && txPackets == that.txPackets
-                && txBytes == that.txBytes
-                && txErrors == that.txErrors;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int hashCode() {
-        return Long.hashCode(rxPackets) ^ Long.hashCode(rxBytes) ^ Long.hashCode(rxErrors)
-                ^ Long.hashCode(txPackets) ^ Long.hashCode(txBytes) ^ Long.hashCode(txErrors);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-        return String.format("rxPackets: %s, rxBytes: %s, rxErrors: %s, txPackets: %s, "
-                + "txBytes: %s, txErrors: %s", rxPackets, rxBytes, rxErrors, txPackets,
-                txBytes, txErrors);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
index 0b607bd..1f3fc11 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
@@ -97,9 +97,8 @@
 import android.net.TetheringInterface;
 import android.net.TetheringManager.TetheringRequest;
 import android.net.TetheringRequestParcel;
+import android.net.Uri;
 import android.net.ip.IpServer;
-import android.net.shared.NetdUtils;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.net.wifi.WifiClient;
 import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
 import android.net.wifi.p2p.WifiP2pGroup;
@@ -135,10 +134,14 @@
 import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.BaseNetdUnsolicitedEventListener;
+import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.NetdUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.BluetoothPanShim;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.BluetoothPanShim.TetheredInterfaceCallbackShim;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.BluetoothPanShim.TetheredInterfaceRequestShim;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.UnsupportedApiLevelException;
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.metrics.TetheringMetrics;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.InterfaceSet;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.PrefixUtils;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.TetheringUtils;
@@ -253,6 +256,7 @@
     private final UserManager mUserManager;
     private final BpfCoordinator mBpfCoordinator;
     private final PrivateAddressCoordinator mPrivateAddressCoordinator;
+    private final TetheringMetrics mTetheringMetrics;
     private int mActiveDataSubId = INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID;
 
     private volatile TetheringConfiguration mConfig;
@@ -278,6 +282,11 @@
     private BluetoothPan mBluetoothPan;
     private PanServiceListener mBluetoothPanListener;
     private ArrayList<Pair<Boolean, IIntResultListener>> mPendingPanRequests;
+    // AIDL doesn't support Set<Integer>. Maintain a int bitmap here. When the bitmap is passed to
+    // TetheringManager, TetheringManager would convert it to a set of Integer types.
+    // mSupportedTypeBitmap should always be updated inside tethering internal thread but it may be
+    // read from binder thread which called TetheringService directly.
+    private volatile long mSupportedTypeBitmap;
 
     public Tethering(TetheringDependencies deps) {
         mLog.mark("Tethering.constructed");
@@ -286,6 +295,7 @@
         mNetd = mDeps.getINetd(mContext);
         mLooper = mDeps.getTetheringLooper();
         mNotificationUpdater = mDeps.getNotificationUpdater(mContext, mLooper);
+        mTetheringMetrics = mDeps.getTetheringMetrics();
 
         // This is intended to ensrure that if something calls startTethering(bluetooth) just after
         // bluetooth is enabled. Before onServiceConnected is called, store the calls into this
@@ -334,9 +344,8 @@
                     mEntitlementMgr.reevaluateSimCardProvisioning(mConfig);
                 });
 
-        mSettingsObserver = new SettingsObserver(mHandler);
-        mContext.getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(
-                Settings.Global.getUriFor(TETHER_FORCE_USB_FUNCTIONS), false, mSettingsObserver);
+        mSettingsObserver = new SettingsObserver(mContext, mHandler);
+        mSettingsObserver.startObserve();
 
         mStateReceiver = new StateReceiver();
 
@@ -388,18 +397,42 @@
     }
 
     private class SettingsObserver extends ContentObserver {
-        SettingsObserver(Handler handler) {
+        private final Uri mForceUsbFunctions;
+        private final Uri mTetherSupported;
+        private final Context mContext;
+
+        SettingsObserver(Context ctx, Handler handler) {
             super(handler);
+            mContext = ctx;
+            mForceUsbFunctions = Settings.Global.getUriFor(TETHER_FORCE_USB_FUNCTIONS);
+            mTetherSupported = Settings.Global.getUriFor(Settings.Global.TETHER_SUPPORTED);
+        }
+
+        public void startObserve() {
+            mContext.getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(mForceUsbFunctions, false, this);
+            mContext.getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(mTetherSupported, false, this);
         }
 
         @Override
         public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
-            mLog.i("OBSERVED Settings change");
-            final boolean isUsingNcm = mConfig.isUsingNcm();
-            updateConfiguration();
-            if (isUsingNcm != mConfig.isUsingNcm()) {
-                stopTetheringInternal(TETHERING_USB);
-                stopTetheringInternal(TETHERING_NCM);
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Should never be reached.");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onChange(boolean selfChange, Uri uri) {
+            if (mForceUsbFunctions.equals(uri)) {
+                mLog.i("OBSERVED TETHER_FORCE_USB_FUNCTIONS settings change");
+                final boolean isUsingNcm = mConfig.isUsingNcm();
+                updateConfiguration();
+                if (isUsingNcm != mConfig.isUsingNcm()) {
+                    stopTetheringInternal(TETHERING_USB);
+                    stopTetheringInternal(TETHERING_NCM);
+                }
+            } else if (mTetherSupported.equals(uri)) {
+                mLog.i("OBSERVED TETHER_SUPPORTED settings change");
+                updateSupportedDownstreams(mConfig);
+            } else {
+                mLog.e("Unexpected settings change: " + uri);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -439,8 +472,22 @@
                 mStateReceiver, noUpstreamFilter, PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, mHandler);
 
         final WifiManager wifiManager = getWifiManager();
+        TetheringSoftApCallback softApCallback = new TetheringSoftApCallback();
         if (wifiManager != null) {
-            wifiManager.registerSoftApCallback(mExecutor, new TetheringSoftApCallback());
+            wifiManager.registerSoftApCallback(mExecutor, softApCallback);
+        }
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT() && wifiManager != null) {
+            try {
+                // Although WifiManager#registerLocalOnlyHotspotSoftApCallback document that it need
+                // NEARBY_WIFI_DEVICES permission, but actually a caller who have NETWORK_STACK
+                // or MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK permission would also able to use this API.
+                wifiManager.registerLocalOnlyHotspotSoftApCallback(mExecutor, softApCallback);
+            } catch (UnsupportedOperationException e) {
+                // Since wifi module development in internal branch,
+                // #registerLocalOnlyHotspotSoftApCallback currently doesn't supported in AOSP
+                // before AOSP switch to Android T + 1.
+                Log.wtf(TAG, "registerLocalOnlyHotspotSoftApCallback API is not supported");
+            }
         }
 
         startTrackDefaultNetwork();
@@ -476,7 +523,7 @@
             // To avoid launching unexpected provisioning checks, ignore re-provisioning
             // when no CarrierConfig loaded yet. Assume reevaluateSimCardProvisioning()
             // will be triggered again when CarrierConfig is loaded.
-            if (mEntitlementMgr.getCarrierConfig(mConfig) != null) {
+            if (TetheringConfiguration.getCarrierConfig(mContext, subId) != null) {
                 mEntitlementMgr.reevaluateSimCardProvisioning(mConfig);
             } else {
                 mLog.log("IGNORED reevaluate provisioning, no carrier config loaded");
@@ -494,6 +541,8 @@
         mUpstreamNetworkMonitor.setUpstreamConfig(mConfig.chooseUpstreamAutomatically,
                 mConfig.isDunRequired);
         reportConfigurationChanged(mConfig.toStableParcelable());
+
+        updateSupportedDownstreams(mConfig);
     }
 
     private void maybeDunSettingChanged() {
@@ -534,6 +583,13 @@
         }
 
         // Called by wifi when the number of soft AP clients changed.
+        // Currently multiple softAp would not behave well in PrivateAddressCoordinator
+        // (where it gets the address from cache), it ensure tethering only support one ipServer for
+        // TETHERING_WIFI. Once tethering support multiple softAp enabled simultaneously,
+        // onConnectedClientsChanged should also be updated to support tracking different softAp's
+        // clients individually.
+        // TODO: Add wtf log and have check to reject request duplicated type with different
+        // interface.
         @Override
         public void onConnectedClientsChanged(final List<WifiClient> clients) {
             updateConnectedClients(clients);
@@ -608,7 +664,8 @@
         processInterfaceStateChange(iface, false /* enabled */);
     }
 
-    void startTethering(final TetheringRequestParcel request, final IIntResultListener listener) {
+    void startTethering(final TetheringRequestParcel request, final String callerPkg,
+            final IIntResultListener listener) {
         mHandler.post(() -> {
             final TetheringRequestParcel unfinishedRequest = mActiveTetheringRequests.get(
                     request.tetheringType);
@@ -628,6 +685,7 @@
                         request.showProvisioningUi);
             }
             enableTetheringInternal(request.tetheringType, true /* enabled */, listener);
+            mTetheringMetrics.createBuilder(request.tetheringType, callerPkg);
         });
     }
 
@@ -687,7 +745,11 @@
 
         // If changing tethering fail, remove corresponding request
         // no matter who trigger the start/stop.
-        if (result != TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR) mActiveTetheringRequests.remove(type);
+        if (result != TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR) {
+            mActiveTetheringRequests.remove(type);
+            mTetheringMetrics.updateErrorCode(type, result);
+            mTetheringMetrics.sendReport(type);
+        }
     }
 
     private int setWifiTethering(final boolean enable) {
@@ -1280,11 +1342,13 @@
 
             // Finally bring up serving on the new interface
             mWifiP2pTetherInterface = group.getInterface();
-            enableWifiIpServing(mWifiP2pTetherInterface, IFACE_IP_MODE_LOCAL_ONLY);
+            enableWifiP2pIpServing(mWifiP2pTetherInterface);
         }
 
         private void handleUserRestrictionAction() {
-            mTetheringRestriction.onUserRestrictionsChanged();
+            if (mTetheringRestriction.onUserRestrictionsChanged()) {
+                updateSupportedDownstreams(mConfig);
+            }
         }
 
         private void handleDataSaverChanged() {
@@ -1312,6 +1376,8 @@
         return getTetheredIfaces().length > 0;
     }
 
+    // TODO: Refine TetheringTest then remove UserRestrictionActionListener class and handle
+    // onUserRestrictionsChanged inside Tethering#handleUserRestrictionAction directly.
     @VisibleForTesting
     protected static class UserRestrictionActionListener {
         private final UserManager mUserMgr;
@@ -1327,7 +1393,8 @@
             mDisallowTethering = false;
         }
 
-        public void onUserRestrictionsChanged() {
+        // return whether tethering disallowed is changed.
+        public boolean onUserRestrictionsChanged() {
             // getUserRestrictions gets restriction for this process' user, which is the primary
             // user. This is fine because DISALLOW_CONFIG_TETHERING can only be set on the primary
             // user. See UserManager.DISALLOW_CONFIG_TETHERING.
@@ -1338,15 +1405,13 @@
             mDisallowTethering = newlyDisallowed;
 
             final boolean tetheringDisallowedChanged = (newlyDisallowed != prevDisallowed);
-            if (!tetheringDisallowedChanged) {
-                return;
-            }
+            if (!tetheringDisallowedChanged) return false;
 
             if (!newlyDisallowed) {
                 // Clear the restricted notification when user is allowed to have tethering
                 // function.
                 mNotificationUpdater.tetheringRestrictionLifted();
-                return;
+                return true;
             }
 
             if (mTethering.isTetheringActive()) {
@@ -1357,6 +1422,8 @@
                 // Untether from all downstreams since tethering is disallowed.
                 mTethering.untetherAll();
             }
+
+            return true;
             // TODO(b/148139325): send tetheringSupported on restriction change
         }
     }
@@ -1368,23 +1435,27 @@
     private void enableIpServing(int tetheringType, String ifname, int ipServingMode,
             boolean isNcm) {
         ensureIpServerStarted(ifname, tetheringType, isNcm);
-        changeInterfaceState(ifname, ipServingMode);
+        if (tether(ifname, ipServingMode) != TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "unable start tethering on iface " + ifname);
+        }
     }
 
-    private void disableWifiIpServingCommon(int tetheringType, String ifname, int apState) {
-        mLog.log("Canceling WiFi tethering request -"
-                + " type=" + tetheringType
-                + " interface=" + ifname
-                + " state=" + apState);
-
-        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(ifname)) {
-            final TetherState ts = mTetherStates.get(ifname);
-            if (ts != null) {
-                ts.ipServer.unwanted();
-                return;
-            }
+    private void disableWifiIpServingCommon(int tetheringType, String ifname) {
+        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(ifname) && mTetherStates.containsKey(ifname)) {
+            mTetherStates.get(ifname).ipServer.unwanted();
+            return;
         }
 
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            mLog.e("Tethering no longer handle untracked interface after T: " + ifname);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Attempt to guess the interface name before T. Pure AOSP code should never enter here
+        // because WIFI_AP_STATE_CHANGED intent always include ifname and it should be tracked
+        // by mTetherStates. In case OEMs have some modification in wifi side which pass null
+        // or empty ifname. Before T, tethering allow to disable the first wifi ipServer if
+        // given ifname don't match any tracking ipServer.
         for (int i = 0; i < mTetherStates.size(); i++) {
             final IpServer ipServer = mTetherStates.valueAt(i).ipServer;
             if (ipServer.interfaceType() == tetheringType) {
@@ -1392,7 +1463,6 @@
                 return;
             }
         }
-
         mLog.log("Error disabling Wi-Fi IP serving; "
                 + (TextUtils.isEmpty(ifname) ? "no interface name specified"
                                            : "specified interface: " + ifname));
@@ -1401,20 +1471,39 @@
     private void disableWifiIpServing(String ifname, int apState) {
         // Regardless of whether we requested this transition, the AP has gone
         // down.  Don't try to tether again unless we're requested to do so.
-        // TODO: Remove this altogether, once Wi-Fi reliably gives us an
-        // interface name with every broadcast.
         mWifiTetherRequested = false;
 
-        disableWifiIpServingCommon(TETHERING_WIFI, ifname, apState);
+        mLog.log("Canceling WiFi tethering request - interface=" + ifname + " state=" + apState);
+
+        disableWifiIpServingCommon(TETHERING_WIFI, ifname);
+    }
+
+    private void enableWifiP2pIpServing(String ifname) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(ifname)) {
+            mLog.e("Cannot enable P2P IP serving with invalid interface");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // After T, tethering always trust the iface pass by state change intent. This allow
+        // tethering to deprecate tetherable p2p regexs after T.
+        final int type = SdkLevel.isAtLeastT() ? TETHERING_WIFI_P2P : ifaceNameToType(ifname);
+        if (!checkTetherableType(type)) {
+            mLog.e(ifname + " is not a tetherable iface, ignoring");
+            return;
+        }
+        enableIpServing(type, ifname, IpServer.STATE_LOCAL_ONLY);
     }
 
     private void disableWifiP2pIpServingIfNeeded(String ifname) {
         if (TextUtils.isEmpty(ifname)) return;
 
-        disableWifiIpServingCommon(TETHERING_WIFI_P2P, ifname, /* fake */ 0);
+        mLog.log("Canceling P2P tethering request - interface=" + ifname);
+        disableWifiIpServingCommon(TETHERING_WIFI_P2P, ifname);
     }
 
     private void enableWifiIpServing(String ifname, int wifiIpMode) {
+        mLog.log("request WiFi tethering - interface=" + ifname + " state=" + wifiIpMode);
+
         // Map wifiIpMode values to IpServer.Callback serving states, inferring
         // from mWifiTetherRequested as a final "best guess".
         final int ipServingMode;
@@ -1430,13 +1519,18 @@
                 return;
         }
 
+        // After T, tethering always trust the iface pass by state change intent. This allow
+        // tethering to deprecate tetherable wifi regexs after T.
+        final int type = SdkLevel.isAtLeastT() ? TETHERING_WIFI : ifaceNameToType(ifname);
+        if (!checkTetherableType(type)) {
+            mLog.e(ifname + " is not a tetherable iface, ignoring");
+            return;
+        }
+
         if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(ifname)) {
-            ensureIpServerStarted(ifname);
-            changeInterfaceState(ifname, ipServingMode);
+            enableIpServing(type, ifname, ipServingMode);
         } else {
-            mLog.e(String.format(
-                    "Cannot enable IP serving in mode %s on missing interface name",
-                    ipServingMode));
+            mLog.e("Cannot enable IP serving on missing interface name");
         }
     }
 
@@ -1488,51 +1582,10 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private void changeInterfaceState(String ifname, int requestedState) {
-        final int result;
-        switch (requestedState) {
-            case IpServer.STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
-            case IpServer.STATE_AVAILABLE:
-                result = untether(ifname);
-                break;
-            case IpServer.STATE_TETHERED:
-            case IpServer.STATE_LOCAL_ONLY:
-                result = tether(ifname, requestedState);
-                break;
-            default:
-                Log.wtf(TAG, "Unknown interface state: " + requestedState);
-                return;
-        }
-        if (result != TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "unable start or stop tethering on iface " + ifname);
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-
     TetheringConfiguration getTetheringConfiguration() {
         return mConfig;
     }
 
-    boolean hasAnySupportedDownstream() {
-        if ((mConfig.tetherableUsbRegexs.length != 0)
-                || (mConfig.tetherableWifiRegexs.length != 0)
-                || (mConfig.tetherableBluetoothRegexs.length != 0)) {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        // Before T, isTetheringSupported would return true if wifi, usb and bluetooth tethering are
-        // disabled (whole tethering settings would be hidden). This means tethering would also not
-        // support wifi p2p, ethernet tethering and mirrorlink. This is wrong but probably there are
-        // some devices in the field rely on this to disable tethering entirely.
-        if (!SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) return false;
-
-        return (mConfig.tetherableWifiP2pRegexs.length != 0)
-                || (mConfig.tetherableNcmRegexs.length != 0)
-                || isEthernetSupported();
-    }
-
-    // TODO: using EtherentManager new API to check whether ethernet is supported when the API is
-    // ready to use.
     private boolean isEthernetSupported() {
         return mContext.getSystemService(Context.ETHERNET_SERVICE) != null;
     }
@@ -2322,7 +2375,7 @@
         mHandler.post(() -> {
             mTetheringEventCallbacks.register(callback, new CallbackCookie(hasListPermission));
             final TetheringCallbackStartedParcel parcel = new TetheringCallbackStartedParcel();
-            parcel.tetheringSupported = isTetheringSupported();
+            parcel.supportedTypes = mSupportedTypeBitmap;
             parcel.upstreamNetwork = mTetherUpstream;
             parcel.config = mConfig.toStableParcelable();
             parcel.states =
@@ -2361,6 +2414,22 @@
         });
     }
 
+    private void reportTetheringSupportedChange(final long supportedBitmap) {
+        final int length = mTetheringEventCallbacks.beginBroadcast();
+        try {
+            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+                try {
+                    mTetheringEventCallbacks.getBroadcastItem(i).onSupportedTetheringTypes(
+                            supportedBitmap);
+                } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                    // Not really very much to do here.
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            mTetheringEventCallbacks.finishBroadcast();
+        }
+    }
+
     private void reportUpstreamChanged(UpstreamNetworkState ns) {
         final int length = mTetheringEventCallbacks.beginBroadcast();
         final Network network = (ns != null) ? ns.network : null;
@@ -2445,18 +2514,56 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private void updateSupportedDownstreams(final TetheringConfiguration config) {
+        final long preSupportedBitmap = mSupportedTypeBitmap;
+
+        if (!isTetheringAllowed() || mEntitlementMgr.isProvisioningNeededButUnavailable()) {
+            mSupportedTypeBitmap = 0;
+        } else {
+            mSupportedTypeBitmap = makeSupportedDownstreams(config);
+        }
+
+        if (preSupportedBitmap != mSupportedTypeBitmap) {
+            reportTetheringSupportedChange(mSupportedTypeBitmap);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private long makeSupportedDownstreams(final TetheringConfiguration config) {
+        long types = 0;
+        if (config.tetherableUsbRegexs.length != 0) types |= (1 << TETHERING_USB);
+
+        if (config.tetherableWifiRegexs.length != 0) types |= (1 << TETHERING_WIFI);
+
+        if (config.tetherableBluetoothRegexs.length != 0) types |= (1 << TETHERING_BLUETOOTH);
+
+        // Before T, isTetheringSupported would return true if wifi, usb and bluetooth tethering are
+        // disabled (whole tethering settings would be hidden). This means tethering would also not
+        // support wifi p2p, ethernet tethering and mirrorlink. This is wrong but probably there are
+        // some devices in the field rely on this to disable tethering entirely.
+        if (!SdkLevel.isAtLeastT() && types == 0) return types;
+
+        if (config.tetherableNcmRegexs.length != 0) types |= (1 << TETHERING_NCM);
+
+        if (config.tetherableWifiP2pRegexs.length != 0) types |= (1 << TETHERING_WIFI_P2P);
+
+        if (isEthernetSupported()) types |= (1 << TETHERING_ETHERNET);
+
+        return types;
+    }
+
     // if ro.tether.denied = true we default to no tethering
     // gservices could set the secure setting to 1 though to enable it on a build where it
     // had previously been turned off.
-    boolean isTetheringSupported() {
+    boolean isTetheringAllowed() {
         final int defaultVal = mDeps.isTetheringDenied() ? 0 : 1;
         final boolean tetherSupported = Settings.Global.getInt(mContext.getContentResolver(),
                 Settings.Global.TETHER_SUPPORTED, defaultVal) != 0;
-        final boolean tetherEnabledInSettings = tetherSupported
+        return tetherSupported
                 && !mUserManager.hasUserRestriction(UserManager.DISALLOW_CONFIG_TETHERING);
+    }
 
-        return tetherEnabledInSettings && hasAnySupportedDownstream()
-                && !mEntitlementMgr.isProvisioningNeededButUnavailable();
+    boolean isTetheringSupported() {
+        return mSupportedTypeBitmap > 0;
     }
 
     private void dumpBpf(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
@@ -2472,13 +2579,12 @@
                 writer, "  ");
 
         // Used for testing instead of human debug.
-        // TODO: add options to choose which map to dump.
-        if (argsContain(args, "bpfRawMap")) {
-            mBpfCoordinator.dumpRawMap(pw);
+        if (CollectionUtils.contains(args, "bpfRawMap")) {
+            mBpfCoordinator.dumpRawMap(pw, args);
             return;
         }
 
-        if (argsContain(args, "bpf")) {
+        if (CollectionUtils.contains(args, "bpf")) {
             dumpBpf(pw);
             return;
         }
@@ -2544,7 +2650,7 @@
 
         pw.println("Log:");
         pw.increaseIndent();
-        if (argsContain(args, "--short")) {
+        if (CollectionUtils.contains(args, "--short")) {
             pw.println("<log removed for brevity>");
         } else {
             mLog.dump(fd, pw, args);
@@ -2588,13 +2694,6 @@
         if (e != null) throw e;
     }
 
-    private static boolean argsContain(String[] args, String target) {
-        for (String arg : args) {
-            if (target.equals(arg)) return true;
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
     private void updateConnectedClients(final List<WifiClient> wifiClients) {
         if (mConnectedClientsTracker.updateConnectedClients(mTetherMainSM.getAllDownstreams(),
                 wifiClients)) {
@@ -2681,23 +2780,29 @@
         mTetherMainSM.sendMessage(which, state, 0, newLp);
     }
 
+    private boolean hasSystemFeature(final String feature) {
+        return mContext.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(feature);
+    }
+
+    private boolean checkTetherableType(int type) {
+        if ((type == TETHERING_WIFI || type == TETHERING_WIGIG)
+                && !hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (type == TETHERING_WIFI_P2P && !hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI_DIRECT)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return type != TETHERING_INVALID;
+    }
+
     private void ensureIpServerStarted(final String iface) {
         // If we don't care about this type of interface, ignore.
         final int interfaceType = ifaceNameToType(iface);
-        if (interfaceType == TETHERING_INVALID) {
-            mLog.log(iface + " is not a tetherable iface, ignoring");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        final PackageManager pm = mContext.getPackageManager();
-        if ((interfaceType == TETHERING_WIFI || interfaceType == TETHERING_WIGIG)
-                && !pm.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI)) {
-            mLog.log(iface + " is not tetherable, because WiFi feature is disabled");
-            return;
-        }
-        if (interfaceType == TETHERING_WIFI_P2P
-                && !pm.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI_DIRECT)) {
-            mLog.log(iface + " is not tetherable, because WiFi Direct feature is disabled");
+        if (!checkTetherableType(interfaceType)) {
+            mLog.log(iface + " is used for " + interfaceType + " which is not tetherable"
+                     + " (-1 == INVALID is expected on upstream interface)");
             return;
         }
 
@@ -2715,7 +2820,7 @@
         final TetherState tetherState = new TetherState(
                 new IpServer(iface, mLooper, interfaceType, mLog, mNetd, mBpfCoordinator,
                              makeControlCallback(), mConfig, mPrivateAddressCoordinator,
-                             mDeps.getIpServerDependencies()), isNcm);
+                             mTetheringMetrics, mDeps.getIpServerDependencies()), isNcm);
         mTetherStates.put(iface, tetherState);
         tetherState.ipServer.start();
     }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfiguration.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfiguration.java
index f9f3ed9..696a970 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfiguration.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfiguration.java
@@ -24,14 +24,16 @@
 import static android.provider.DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY;
 
 import static com.android.net.module.util.DeviceConfigUtils.TETHERING_MODULE_NAME;
+import static com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim.KEY_CARRIER_SUPPORTS_TETHERING_BOOL;
 
 import android.content.ContentResolver;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.net.TetheringConfigurationParcel;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
+import android.os.PersistableBundle;
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
 import android.provider.Settings;
+import android.telephony.CarrierConfigManager;
 import android.telephony.SubscriptionManager;
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
@@ -39,6 +41,7 @@
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.DeviceConfigUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -142,6 +145,9 @@
     public final int provisioningCheckPeriod;
     public final String provisioningResponse;
 
+    public final boolean isCarrierSupportTethering;
+    public final boolean isCarrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired;
+
     public final int activeDataSubId;
 
     private final boolean mEnableLegacyDhcpServer;
@@ -207,6 +213,11 @@
         provisioningResponse = getResourceString(res,
                 R.string.config_mobile_hotspot_provision_response);
 
+        PersistableBundle carrierConfigs = getCarrierConfig(ctx, activeDataSubId);
+        isCarrierSupportTethering = carrierConfigAffirmsCarrierSupport(carrierConfigs);
+        isCarrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired =
+                carrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired(carrierConfigs);
+
         mOffloadPollInterval = getResourceInteger(res,
                 R.integer.config_tether_offload_poll_interval,
                 DEFAULT_TETHER_OFFLOAD_POLL_INTERVAL_MS);
@@ -329,6 +340,10 @@
         pw.print("provisioningAppNoUi: ");
         pw.println(provisioningAppNoUi);
 
+        pw.println("isCarrierSupportTethering: " + isCarrierSupportTethering);
+        pw.println("isCarrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired: "
+                + isCarrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired);
+
         pw.print("enableBpfOffload: ");
         pw.println(mEnableBpfOffload);
 
@@ -361,6 +376,9 @@
                 toIntArray(preferredUpstreamIfaceTypes)));
         sj.add(String.format("provisioningApp:%s", makeString(provisioningApp)));
         sj.add(String.format("provisioningAppNoUi:%s", provisioningAppNoUi));
+        sj.add(String.format("isCarrierSupportTethering:%s", isCarrierSupportTethering));
+        sj.add(String.format("isCarrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired:%s",
+                isCarrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired));
         sj.add(String.format("enableBpfOffload:%s", mEnableBpfOffload));
         sj.add(String.format("enableLegacyDhcpServer:%s", mEnableLegacyDhcpServer));
         return String.format("TetheringConfiguration{%s}", sj.toString());
@@ -596,6 +614,39 @@
         return result;
     }
 
+    private static boolean carrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired(
+            PersistableBundle carrierConfig) {
+        if (carrierConfig == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return carrierConfig.getBoolean(
+                CarrierConfigManager.KEY_REQUIRE_ENTITLEMENT_CHECKS_BOOL, true);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean carrierConfigAffirmsCarrierSupport(PersistableBundle carrierConfig) {
+        if (!SdkLevel.isAtLeastT() || carrierConfig == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return carrierConfig.getBoolean(KEY_CARRIER_SUPPORTS_TETHERING_BOOL, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get carrier configuration bundle.
+     */
+    public static PersistableBundle getCarrierConfig(Context context, int activeDataSubId) {
+        final CarrierConfigManager configManager =
+                context.getSystemService(CarrierConfigManager.class);
+        if (configManager == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        final PersistableBundle carrierConfig = configManager.getConfigForSubId(activeDataSubId);
+        if (CarrierConfigManager.isConfigForIdentifiedCarrier(carrierConfig)) {
+            return carrierConfig;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Convert this TetheringConfiguration to a TetheringConfigurationParcel.
      */
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java
index 9224213..611d1cf 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.ip.IpServer;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.Looper;
@@ -32,8 +31,10 @@
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 
 import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.BluetoothPanShimImpl;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.BluetoothPanShim;
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.metrics.TetheringMetrics;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 
@@ -163,4 +164,11 @@
     public BluetoothPanShim getBluetoothPanShim(BluetoothPan pan) {
         return BluetoothPanShimImpl.newInstance(pan);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Get a reference to the TetheringMetrics to be used by tethering.
+     */
+    public TetheringMetrics getTetheringMetrics() {
+        return new TetheringMetrics();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringService.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringService.java
index 9fb61fe..96ddfa0 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringService.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringService.java
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
                 return;
             }
 
-            mTethering.startTethering(request, listener);
+            mTethering.startTethering(request, callerPkg, listener);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
                     listener.onResult(TETHER_ERROR_NO_CHANGE_TETHERING_PERMISSION);
                     return true;
                 }
-                if (!mTethering.isTetheringSupported()) {
+                if (!mTethering.isTetheringSupported() || !mTethering.isTetheringAllowed()) {
                     listener.onResult(TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED);
                     return true;
                 }
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@
                 receiver.send(TETHER_ERROR_NO_CHANGE_TETHERING_PERMISSION, null);
                 return true;
             }
-            if (!mTethering.isTetheringSupported()) {
+            if (!mTethering.isTetheringSupported() || !mTethering.isTetheringAllowed()) {
                 receiver.send(TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null);
                 return true;
             }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
index f8dd673..16c031b 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.SparseIntArray;
@@ -46,6 +45,7 @@
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConnectivityManagerShimImpl;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.ConnectivityManagerShim;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.PrefixUtils;
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/metrics/TetheringMetrics.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/metrics/TetheringMetrics.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8e631e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/metrics/TetheringMetrics.java
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.networkstack.tethering.metrics;
+
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_BLUETOOTH;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_ETHERNET;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_NCM;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_USB;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_WIFI;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_WIFI_P2P;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_DHCPSERVER_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_DISABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_ENABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_ENTITLEMENT_UNKNOWN;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_IFACE_CFG_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ACCESS_TETHERING_PERMISSION;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_CHANGE_TETHERING_PERMISSION;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_PROVISIONING_FAILED;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_SERVICE_UNAVAIL;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_TETHER_IFACE_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNAVAIL_IFACE;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_IFACE;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNTETHER_IFACE_ERROR;
+
+import android.stats.connectivity.DownstreamType;
+import android.stats.connectivity.ErrorCode;
+import android.stats.connectivity.UpstreamType;
+import android.stats.connectivity.UserType;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+/**
+ * Collection of utilities for tethering metrics.
+ *
+ * To see if the logs are properly sent to statsd, execute following commands
+ *
+ * $ adb shell cmd stats print-logs
+ * $ adb logcat | grep statsd OR $ adb logcat -b stats
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class TetheringMetrics {
+    private static final String TAG = TetheringMetrics.class.getSimpleName();
+    private static final boolean DBG = false;
+    private static final String SETTINGS_PKG_NAME = "com.android.settings";
+    private static final String SYSTEMUI_PKG_NAME = "com.android.systemui";
+    private static final String GMS_PKG_NAME = "com.google.android.gms";
+    private final SparseArray<NetworkTetheringReported.Builder> mBuilderMap = new SparseArray<>();
+
+    /** Update Tethering stats about caller's package name and downstream type. */
+    public void createBuilder(final int downstreamType, final String callerPkg) {
+        NetworkTetheringReported.Builder statsBuilder =
+                    NetworkTetheringReported.newBuilder();
+        statsBuilder.setDownstreamType(downstreamTypeToEnum(downstreamType))
+                    .setUserType(userTypeToEnum(callerPkg))
+                    .setUpstreamType(UpstreamType.UT_UNKNOWN)
+                    .setErrorCode(ErrorCode.EC_NO_ERROR)
+                    .build();
+        mBuilderMap.put(downstreamType, statsBuilder);
+    }
+
+    /** Update error code of given downstreamType. */
+    public void updateErrorCode(final int downstreamType, final int errCode) {
+        NetworkTetheringReported.Builder statsBuilder = mBuilderMap.get(downstreamType);
+        if (statsBuilder == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Given downstreamType does not exist, this is a bug!");
+            return;
+        }
+        statsBuilder.setErrorCode(errorCodeToEnum(errCode));
+    }
+
+    /** Remove Tethering stats.
+     *  If Tethering stats is ready to write then write it before removing.
+     */
+    public void sendReport(final int downstreamType) {
+        final NetworkTetheringReported.Builder statsBuilder =
+                mBuilderMap.get(downstreamType);
+        if (statsBuilder == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Given downstreamType does not exist, this is a bug!");
+            return;
+        }
+        write(statsBuilder.build());
+        mBuilderMap.remove(downstreamType);
+    }
+
+    /** Collect Tethering stats and write metrics data to statsd pipeline. */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public void write(@NonNull final NetworkTetheringReported reported) {
+        TetheringStatsLog.write(TetheringStatsLog.NETWORK_TETHERING_REPORTED,
+                reported.getErrorCode().getNumber(),
+                reported.getDownstreamType().getNumber(),
+                reported.getUpstreamType().getNumber(),
+                reported.getUserType().getNumber());
+        if (DBG) {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Write errorCode: " + reported.getErrorCode().getNumber()
+                    + ", downstreamType: " + reported.getDownstreamType().getNumber()
+                    + ", upstreamType: " + reported.getUpstreamType().getNumber()
+                    + ", userType: " + reported.getUserType().getNumber());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Map {@link TetheringType} to {@link DownstreamType} */
+    private DownstreamType downstreamTypeToEnum(final int ifaceType) {
+        switch(ifaceType) {
+            case TETHERING_WIFI:
+                return DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_WIFI;
+            case TETHERING_WIFI_P2P:
+                return DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_WIFI_P2P;
+            case TETHERING_USB:
+                return DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_USB;
+            case TETHERING_BLUETOOTH:
+                return DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_BLUETOOTH;
+            case TETHERING_NCM:
+                return DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_NCM;
+            case TETHERING_ETHERNET:
+                return DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_ETHERNET;
+            default:
+                return DownstreamType.DS_UNSPECIFIED;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Map {@link StartTetheringError} to {@link ErrorCode} */
+    private ErrorCode errorCodeToEnum(final int lastError) {
+        switch(lastError) {
+            case TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_NO_ERROR;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_IFACE:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_UNKNOWN_IFACE;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_SERVICE_UNAVAIL:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_SERVICE_UNAVAIL;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_UNSUPPORTED;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_UNAVAIL_IFACE:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_UNAVAIL_IFACE;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_TETHER_IFACE_ERROR:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_TETHER_IFACE_ERROR;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_UNTETHER_IFACE_ERROR:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_UNTETHER_IFACE_ERROR;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_ENABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_ENABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_DISABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_DISABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_IFACE_CFG_ERROR:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_IFACE_CFG_ERROR;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_PROVISIONING_FAILED:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_PROVISIONING_FAILED;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_DHCPSERVER_ERROR:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_DHCPSERVER_ERROR;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_ENTITLEMENT_UNKNOWN:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_ENTITLEMENT_UNKNOWN;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_NO_CHANGE_TETHERING_PERMISSION:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_NO_CHANGE_TETHERING_PERMISSION;
+            case TETHER_ERROR_NO_ACCESS_TETHERING_PERMISSION:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_NO_ACCESS_TETHERING_PERMISSION;
+            default:
+                return ErrorCode.EC_UNKNOWN_TYPE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Map callerPkg to {@link UserType} */
+    private UserType userTypeToEnum(final String callerPkg) {
+        if (callerPkg.equals(SETTINGS_PKG_NAME)) {
+            return UserType.USER_SETTINGS;
+        } else if (callerPkg.equals(SYSTEMUI_PKG_NAME)) {
+            return UserType.USER_SYSTEMUI;
+        } else if (callerPkg.equals(GMS_PKG_NAME)) {
+            return UserType.USER_GMS;
+        } else {
+            return UserType.USER_UNKNOWN;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/util/TetheringUtils.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/util/TetheringUtils.java
index 66d67a1..e6236df 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/util/TetheringUtils.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/util/TetheringUtils.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 
 import com.android.net.module.util.JniUtil;
-import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherStatsValue;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsValue;
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/integration/Android.bp b/Tethering/tests/integration/Android.bp
index a4d0448..11e3dc0 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/integration/Android.bp
+++ b/Tethering/tests/integration/Android.bp
@@ -28,10 +28,12 @@
     static_libs: [
         "NetworkStackApiStableLib",
         "androidx.test.rules",
+        "cts-net-utils",
         "mockito-target-extended-minus-junit4",
         "net-tests-utils",
         "net-utils-device-common-bpf",
         "testables",
+        "connectivity-net-module-utils-bpf",
     ],
     libs: [
         "android.test.runner",
@@ -49,7 +51,7 @@
 // Use with NetworkStackJarJarRules.
 android_library {
     name: "TetheringIntegrationTestsLatestSdkLib",
-    target_sdk_version: "31",
+    target_sdk_version: "33",
     platform_apis: true,
     defaults: ["TetheringIntegrationTestsDefaults"],
     visibility: [
@@ -78,7 +80,6 @@
     defaults: ["TetheringIntegrationTestsDefaults"],
     test_suites: [
         "device-tests",
-        "mts-tethering",
     ],
     compile_multilib: "both",
     jarjar_rules: ":NetworkStackJarJarRules",
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/integration/AndroidManifest.xml b/Tethering/tests/integration/AndroidManifest.xml
index c89c556..7527913 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/integration/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/Tethering/tests/integration/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -16,12 +16,14 @@
 <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
           package="com.android.networkstack.tethering.tests.integration">
 
-    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"/>
     <!-- The test need CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE permission to use requestNetwork API to setup test
          network. Since R shell application don't have such permission, grant permission to the test
          here. TODO: Remove CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE permission here and use adopt shell perssion to
          obtain CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE for testing once R device is no longer supported. -->
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
 
     <application android:debuggable="true">
         <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/integration/src/android/net/EthernetTetheringTest.java b/Tethering/tests/integration/src/android/net/EthernetTetheringTest.java
index de81a38..c61b6eb 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/integration/src/android/net/EthernetTetheringTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/integration/src/android/net/EthernetTetheringTest.java
@@ -16,29 +16,50 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
-import static android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.DUMP;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.TETHER_PRIVILEGED;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI;
 import static android.net.InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.CONNECTIVITY_SCOPE_GLOBAL;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.CONNECTIVITY_SCOPE_LOCAL;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_ETHERNET;
-import static android.net.TetheringTester.RemoteResponder;
-import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
+import static android.net.TetheringTester.TestDnsPacket;
+import static android.net.TetheringTester.isExpectedIcmpPacket;
+import static android.net.TetheringTester.isExpectedTcpPacket;
+import static android.net.TetheringTester.isExpectedUdpDnsPacket;
+import static android.net.TetheringTester.isExpectedUdpPacket;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.ICMP_ECHO;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.ICMP_ECHOREPLY;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_ICMP;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_IP;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_IPV6;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_TCP;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP;
 
 import static com.android.net.module.util.ConnectivityUtils.isIPv6ULA;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.HexDump.dumpHexString;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.IpUtils.icmpChecksum;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.IpUtils.ipChecksum;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_TYPE_IPV4;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_TYPE_IPV6;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ICMPV6_ECHO_REPLY_TYPE;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ICMPV6_ECHO_REQUEST_TYPE;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ICMPV6_ROUTER_ADVERTISEMENT;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ICMP_CHECKSUM_OFFSET;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.IPV4_CHECKSUM_OFFSET;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.IPV4_HEADER_MIN_LEN;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.IPV4_LENGTH_OFFSET;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.TCPHDR_ACK;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.TCPHDR_SYN;
+import static com.android.testutils.DeviceInfoUtils.KVersion;
 import static com.android.testutils.TestNetworkTrackerKt.initTestNetwork;
+import static com.android.testutils.TestPermissionUtil.runAsShell;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
@@ -48,19 +69,20 @@
 
 import android.app.UiAutomation;
 import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.net.EthernetManager.TetheredInterfaceCallback;
 import android.net.EthernetManager.TetheredInterfaceRequest;
 import android.net.TetheringManager.StartTetheringCallback;
 import android.net.TetheringManager.TetheringEventCallback;
 import android.net.TetheringManager.TetheringRequest;
 import android.net.TetheringTester.TetheredDevice;
+import android.net.cts.util.CtsNetUtils;;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.os.SystemProperties;
-import android.text.TextUtils;
-import android.util.Base64;
+import android.os.VintfRuntimeInfo;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.Pair;
 
@@ -70,18 +92,23 @@
 import androidx.test.filters.MediumTest;
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+import com.android.net.module.util.BpfDump;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Ipv6Utils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.PacketBuilder;
 import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Key;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Value;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsValue;
 import com.android.net.module.util.structs.EthernetHeader;
-import com.android.net.module.util.structs.Icmpv6Header;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.Icmpv4Header;
 import com.android.net.module.util.structs.Ipv4Header;
 import com.android.net.module.util.structs.Ipv6Header;
 import com.android.net.module.util.structs.UdpHeader;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
-import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreAfter;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
+import com.android.testutils.DeviceInfoUtils;
 import com.android.testutils.DumpTestUtils;
 import com.android.testutils.HandlerUtils;
 import com.android.testutils.TapPacketReader;
@@ -95,12 +122,12 @@
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.net.InterfaceAddress;
 import java.net.NetworkInterface;
 import java.net.SocketException;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-import java.nio.ByteOrder;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.HashMap;
@@ -122,26 +149,123 @@
 
     private static final String TAG = EthernetTetheringTest.class.getSimpleName();
     private static final int TIMEOUT_MS = 5000;
+    // Used to check if any tethering interface is available. Choose 200ms to be request timeout
+    // because the average interface requested time on cuttlefish@acloud is around 10ms.
+    // See TetheredInterfaceRequester.getInterface, isInterfaceForTetheringAvailable.
+    private static final int AVAILABLE_TETHER_IFACE_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 200;
     private static final int TETHER_REACHABILITY_ATTEMPTS = 20;
     private static final int DUMP_POLLING_MAX_RETRY = 100;
     private static final int DUMP_POLLING_INTERVAL_MS = 50;
     // Kernel treats a confirmed UDP connection which active after two seconds as stream mode.
     // See upstream commit b7b1d02fc43925a4d569ec221715db2dfa1ce4f5.
     private static final int UDP_STREAM_TS_MS = 2000;
-    private static final LinkAddress TEST_IP4_ADDR = new LinkAddress("10.0.0.1/8");
+    // Give slack time for waiting UDP stream mode because handling conntrack event in user space
+    // may not in precise time. Used to reduce the flaky rate.
+    private static final int UDP_STREAM_SLACK_MS = 500;
+    // Per RX UDP packet size: iphdr (20) + udphdr (8) + payload (2) = 30 bytes.
+    private static final int RX_UDP_PACKET_SIZE = 30;
+    private static final int RX_UDP_PACKET_COUNT = 456;
+    // Per TX UDP packet size: ethhdr (14) + iphdr (20) + udphdr (8) + payload (2) = 44 bytes.
+    private static final int TX_UDP_PACKET_SIZE = 44;
+    private static final int TX_UDP_PACKET_COUNT = 123;
+    private static final long WAIT_RA_TIMEOUT_MS = 2000;
+
+    private static final MacAddress TEST_MAC = MacAddress.fromString("1:2:3:4:5:6");
+    private static final LinkAddress TEST_IP4_ADDR = new LinkAddress("10.0.0.1/24");
     private static final LinkAddress TEST_IP6_ADDR = new LinkAddress("2001:db8:1::101/64");
     private static final InetAddress TEST_IP4_DNS = parseNumericAddress("8.8.8.8");
     private static final InetAddress TEST_IP6_DNS = parseNumericAddress("2001:db8:1::888");
+    private static final IpPrefix TEST_NAT64PREFIX = new IpPrefix("64:ff9b::/96");
+    private static final Inet6Address REMOTE_NAT64_ADDR =
+            (Inet6Address) parseNumericAddress("64:ff9b::808:808");
+    private static final Inet6Address REMOTE_IP6_ADDR =
+            (Inet6Address) parseNumericAddress("2002:db8:1::515:ca");
     private static final ByteBuffer TEST_REACHABILITY_PAYLOAD =
             ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[] { (byte) 0x55, (byte) 0xaa });
+    private static final ByteBuffer EMPTY_PAYLOAD = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[0]);
+
+    private static final short DNS_PORT = 53;
+    private static final short WINDOW = (short) 0x2000;
+    private static final short URGENT_POINTER = 0;
 
     private static final String DUMPSYS_TETHERING_RAWMAP_ARG = "bpfRawMap";
-    private static final String BASE64_DELIMITER = ",";
+    private static final String DUMPSYS_RAWMAP_ARG_STATS = "--stats";
+    private static final String DUMPSYS_RAWMAP_ARG_UPSTREAM4 = "--upstream4";
     private static final String LINE_DELIMITER = "\\n";
 
+    // version=6, traffic class=0x0, flowlabel=0x0;
+    private static final int VERSION_TRAFFICCLASS_FLOWLABEL = 0x60000000;
+    private static final short HOP_LIMIT = 0x40;
+
+    private static final short ICMPECHO_CODE = 0x0;
+    private static final short ICMPECHO_ID = 0x0;
+    private static final short ICMPECHO_SEQ = 0x0;
+
+    // TODO: use class DnsPacket to build DNS query and reply message once DnsPacket supports
+    // building packet for given arguments.
+    private static final ByteBuffer DNS_QUERY = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[] {
+            // scapy.DNS(
+            //   id=0xbeef,
+            //   qr=0,
+            //   qd=scapy.DNSQR(qname="hello.example.com"))
+            //
+            /* Header */
+            (byte) 0xbe, (byte) 0xef, /* Transaction ID: 0xbeef */
+            (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x00, /* Flags: rd */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x01, /* Questions: 1 */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, /* Answer RRs: 0 */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, /* Authority RRs: 0 */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, /* Additional RRs: 0 */
+            /* Queries */
+            (byte) 0x05, (byte) 0x68, (byte) 0x65, (byte) 0x6c,
+            (byte) 0x6c, (byte) 0x6f, (byte) 0x07, (byte) 0x65,
+            (byte) 0x78, (byte) 0x61, (byte) 0x6d, (byte) 0x70,
+            (byte) 0x6c, (byte) 0x65, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0x63,
+            (byte) 0x6f, (byte) 0x6d, (byte) 0x00, /* Name: hello.example.com */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x01,              /* Type: A */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x01               /* Class: IN */
+    });
+
+    private static final byte[] DNS_REPLY = new byte[] {
+            // scapy.DNS(
+            //   id=0,
+            //   qr=1,
+            //   qd=scapy.DNSQR(qname="hello.example.com"),
+            //   an=scapy.DNSRR(rrname="hello.example.com", rdata='1.2.3.4'))
+            //
+            /* Header */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, /* Transaction ID: 0x0, must be updated by dns query id */
+            (byte) 0x81, (byte) 0x00, /* Flags: qr rd */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x01, /* Questions: 1 */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x01, /* Answer RRs: 1 */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, /* Authority RRs: 0 */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, /* Additional RRs: 0 */
+            /* Queries */
+            (byte) 0x05, (byte) 0x68, (byte) 0x65, (byte) 0x6c,
+            (byte) 0x6c, (byte) 0x6f, (byte) 0x07, (byte) 0x65,
+            (byte) 0x78, (byte) 0x61, (byte) 0x6d, (byte) 0x70,
+            (byte) 0x6c, (byte) 0x65, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0x63,
+            (byte) 0x6f, (byte) 0x6d, (byte) 0x00,              /* Name: hello.example.com */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x01,                           /* Type: A */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x01,                           /* Class: IN */
+            /* Answers */
+            (byte) 0x05, (byte) 0x68, (byte) 0x65, (byte) 0x6c,
+            (byte) 0x6c, (byte) 0x6f, (byte) 0x07, (byte) 0x65,
+            (byte) 0x78, (byte) 0x61, (byte) 0x6d, (byte) 0x70,
+            (byte) 0x6c, (byte) 0x65, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0x63,
+            (byte) 0x6f, (byte) 0x6d, (byte) 0x00,              /* Name: hello.example.com */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x01,                           /* Type: A */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x01,                           /* Class: IN */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, /* Time to live: 0 */
+            (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x04,                           /* Data length: 4 */
+            (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x02, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0x04  /* Address: 1.2.3.4 */
+    };
+
     private final Context mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
     private final EthernetManager mEm = mContext.getSystemService(EthernetManager.class);
     private final TetheringManager mTm = mContext.getSystemService(TetheringManager.class);
+    private final PackageManager mPackageManager = mContext.getPackageManager();
+    private final CtsNetUtils mCtsNetUtils = new CtsNetUtils(mContext);
 
     private TestNetworkInterface mDownstreamIface;
     private HandlerThread mHandlerThread;
@@ -160,29 +284,25 @@
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
-        // Needed to create a TestNetworkInterface, to call requestTetheredInterface, and to receive
-        // tethered client callbacks. The restricted networks permission is needed to ensure that
-        // EthernetManager#isAvailable will correctly return true on devices where Ethernet is
-        // marked restricted, like cuttlefish. The dump permission is needed to verify bpf related
-        // functions via dumpsys output.
-        mUiAutomation.adoptShellPermissionIdentity(
-                MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS, NETWORK_SETTINGS, TETHER_PRIVILEGED, ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE,
-                CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS, DUMP);
-        mRunTests = mTm.isTetheringSupported() && mEm != null;
-        assumeTrue(mRunTests);
-
         mHandlerThread = new HandlerThread(getClass().getSimpleName());
         mHandlerThread.start();
         mHandler = new Handler(mHandlerThread.getLooper());
+
+        mRunTests = runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, TETHER_PRIVILEGED, () ->
+                mTm.isTetheringSupported());
+        assumeTrue(mRunTests);
+
         mTetheredInterfaceRequester = new TetheredInterfaceRequester(mHandler, mEm);
     }
 
     private void cleanUp() throws Exception {
-        mTm.setPreferTestNetworks(false);
+        setPreferTestNetworks(false);
 
         if (mUpstreamTracker != null) {
-            mUpstreamTracker.teardown();
-            mUpstreamTracker = null;
+            runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS, () -> {
+                mUpstreamTracker.teardown();
+                mUpstreamTracker = null;
+            });
         }
         if (mUpstreamReader != null) {
             TapPacketReader reader = mUpstreamReader;
@@ -190,21 +310,26 @@
             mUpstreamReader = null;
         }
 
-        mTm.stopTethering(TETHERING_ETHERNET);
-        if (mTetheringEventCallback != null) {
-            mTetheringEventCallback.awaitInterfaceUntethered();
-            mTetheringEventCallback.unregister();
-            mTetheringEventCallback = null;
-        }
         if (mDownstreamReader != null) {
             TapPacketReader reader = mDownstreamReader;
             mHandler.post(() -> reader.stop());
             mDownstreamReader = null;
         }
-        mHandlerThread.quitSafely();
-        mTetheredInterfaceRequester.release();
-        mEm.setIncludeTestInterfaces(false);
+
+        // To avoid flaky which caused by the next test started but the previous interface is not
+        // untracked from EthernetTracker yet. Just delete the test interface without explicitly
+        // calling TetheringManager#stopTethering could let EthernetTracker untrack the test
+        // interface from server mode before tethering stopped. Thus, awaitInterfaceUntethered
+        // could not only make sure tethering is stopped but also guarantee the test interface is
+        // untracked from EthernetTracker.
         maybeDeleteTestInterface();
+        if (mTetheringEventCallback != null) {
+            mTetheringEventCallback.awaitInterfaceUntethered();
+            mTetheringEventCallback.unregister();
+            mTetheringEventCallback = null;
+        }
+        runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> mTetheredInterfaceRequester.release());
+        setIncludeTestInterfaces(false);
     }
 
     @After
@@ -212,14 +337,56 @@
         try {
             if (mRunTests) cleanUp();
         } finally {
+            mHandlerThread.quitSafely();
             mUiAutomation.dropShellPermissionIdentity();
         }
     }
 
+    private boolean isInterfaceForTetheringAvailable() throws Exception {
+        // Before T, all ethernet interfaces could be used for server mode. Instead of
+        // waiting timeout, just checking whether the system currently has any
+        // ethernet interface is more reliable.
+        if (!SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            return runAsShell(CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS, () -> mEm.isAvailable());
+        }
+
+        // If previous test case doesn't release tethering interface successfully, the other tests
+        // after that test may be skipped as unexcepted.
+        // TODO: figure out a better way to check default tethering interface existenion.
+        final TetheredInterfaceRequester requester = new TetheredInterfaceRequester(mHandler, mEm);
+        try {
+            // Use short timeout (200ms) for requesting an existing interface, if any, because
+            // it should reurn faster than requesting a new tethering interface. Using default
+            // timeout (5000ms, TIMEOUT_MS) may make that total testing time is over 1 minute
+            // test module timeout on internal testing.
+            // TODO: if this becomes flaky, consider using default timeout (5000ms) and moving
+            // this check into #setUpOnce.
+            return requester.getInterface(AVAILABLE_TETHER_IFACE_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS) != null;
+        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+            return false;
+        } finally {
+            runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> {
+                requester.release();
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void setIncludeTestInterfaces(boolean include) {
+        runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> {
+            mEm.setIncludeTestInterfaces(include);
+        });
+    }
+
+    private void setPreferTestNetworks(boolean prefer) {
+        runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> {
+            mTm.setPreferTestNetworks(prefer);
+        });
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testVirtualEthernetAlreadyExists() throws Exception {
         // This test requires manipulating packets. Skip if there is a physical Ethernet connected.
-        assumeFalse(mEm.isAvailable());
+        assumeFalse(isInterfaceForTetheringAvailable());
 
         mDownstreamIface = createTestInterface();
         // This must be done now because as soon as setIncludeTestInterfaces(true) is called, the
@@ -229,7 +396,7 @@
         int mtu = getMTU(mDownstreamIface);
 
         Log.d(TAG, "Including test interfaces");
-        mEm.setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
+        setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
 
         final String iface = mTetheredInterfaceRequester.getInterface();
         assertEquals("TetheredInterfaceCallback for unexpected interface",
@@ -241,11 +408,11 @@
     @Test
     public void testVirtualEthernet() throws Exception {
         // This test requires manipulating packets. Skip if there is a physical Ethernet connected.
-        assumeFalse(mEm.isAvailable());
+        assumeFalse(isInterfaceForTetheringAvailable());
 
         CompletableFuture<String> futureIface = mTetheredInterfaceRequester.requestInterface();
 
-        mEm.setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
+        setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
 
         mDownstreamIface = createTestInterface();
 
@@ -258,9 +425,9 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testStaticIpv4() throws Exception {
-        assumeFalse(mEm.isAvailable());
+        assumeFalse(isInterfaceForTetheringAvailable());
 
-        mEm.setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
+        setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
 
         mDownstreamIface = createTestInterface();
 
@@ -300,27 +467,16 @@
 
     }
 
-    private static boolean isRouterAdvertisement(byte[] pkt) {
-        if (pkt == null) return false;
-
-        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(pkt);
-
-        final EthernetHeader ethHdr = Struct.parse(EthernetHeader.class, buf);
-        if (ethHdr.etherType != ETHER_TYPE_IPV6) return false;
-
-        final Ipv6Header ipv6Hdr = Struct.parse(Ipv6Header.class, buf);
-        if (ipv6Hdr.nextHeader != (byte) IPPROTO_ICMPV6) return false;
-
-        final Icmpv6Header icmpv6Hdr = Struct.parse(Icmpv6Header.class, buf);
-        return icmpv6Hdr.type == (short) ICMPV6_ROUTER_ADVERTISEMENT;
-    }
-
-    private static void expectRouterAdvertisement(TapPacketReader reader, String iface,
+    private static void waitForRouterAdvertisement(TapPacketReader reader, String iface,
             long timeoutMs) {
         final long deadline = SystemClock.uptimeMillis() + timeoutMs;
         do {
             byte[] pkt = reader.popPacket(timeoutMs);
-            if (isRouterAdvertisement(pkt)) return;
+            if (isExpectedIcmpPacket(pkt, true /* hasEth */, false /* isIpv4 */,
+                    ICMPV6_ROUTER_ADVERTISEMENT)) {
+                return;
+            }
+
             timeoutMs = deadline - SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
         } while (timeoutMs > 0);
         fail("Did not receive router advertisement on " + iface + " after "
@@ -350,9 +506,9 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testLocalOnlyTethering() throws Exception {
-        assumeFalse(mEm.isAvailable());
+        assumeFalse(isInterfaceForTetheringAvailable());
 
-        mEm.setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
+        setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
 
         mDownstreamIface = createTestInterface();
 
@@ -372,7 +528,7 @@
         // before the reader is started.
         mDownstreamReader = makePacketReader(mDownstreamIface);
 
-        expectRouterAdvertisement(mDownstreamReader, iface, 2000 /* timeoutMs */);
+        waitForRouterAdvertisement(mDownstreamReader, iface, WAIT_RA_TIMEOUT_MS);
         expectLocalOnlyAddresses(iface);
     }
 
@@ -384,7 +540,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testPhysicalEthernet() throws Exception {
-        assumeTrue(mEm.isAvailable());
+        assumeTrue(isInterfaceForTetheringAvailable());
         // Do not run this test if adb is over network and ethernet is connected.
         // It is likely the adb run over ethernet, the adb would break when ethernet is switching
         // from client mode to server mode. See b/160389275.
@@ -400,6 +556,23 @@
         // client, which is not possible in this test.
     }
 
+    private boolean isEthernetTetheringSupported() throws Exception {
+        final CompletableFuture<Boolean> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final TetheringEventCallback callback = new TetheringEventCallback() {
+            @Override
+            public void onSupportedTetheringTypes(Set<Integer> supportedTypes) {
+                future.complete(supportedTypes.contains(TETHERING_ETHERNET));
+            }
+        };
+
+        try {
+            mTm.registerTetheringEventCallback(mHandler::post, callback);
+            return future.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        } finally {
+            mTm.unregisterTetheringEventCallback(callback);
+        }
+    }
+
     private static final class MyTetheringEventCallback implements TetheringEventCallback {
         private final TetheringManager mTm;
         private final CountDownLatch mTetheringStartedLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
@@ -408,6 +581,7 @@
         private final CountDownLatch mLocalOnlyStoppedLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
         private final CountDownLatch mClientConnectedLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
         private final CountDownLatch mUpstreamLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        private final CountDownLatch mCallbackRegisteredLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
         private final TetheringInterface mIface;
         private final Network mExpectedUpstream;
 
@@ -486,6 +660,22 @@
                     mLocalOnlyStartedLatch.await(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
         }
 
+        // Used to check if the callback has registered. When the callback is registered,
+        // onSupportedTetheringTypes is celled in onCallbackStarted(). After
+        // onSupportedTetheringTypes called, drop the permission for registering callback.
+        // See MyTetheringEventCallback#register, TetheringManager#onCallbackStarted.
+        @Override
+        public void onSupportedTetheringTypes(Set<Integer> supportedTypes) {
+            // Used to check callback registered.
+            mCallbackRegisteredLatch.countDown();
+        }
+
+        public void awaitCallbackRegistered() throws Exception {
+            if (!mCallbackRegisteredLatch.await(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
+                fail("Did not receive callback registered signal after " + TIMEOUT_MS + "ms");
+            }
+        }
+
         public void awaitInterfaceUntethered() throws Exception {
             // Don't block teardown if the interface was never tethered.
             // This is racy because the interface might become tethered right after this check, but
@@ -542,10 +732,17 @@
             }
         }
 
-        public Network awaitUpstreamChanged() throws Exception {
+        public Network awaitUpstreamChanged(boolean throwTimeoutException) throws Exception {
             if (!mUpstreamLatch.await(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
-                fail("Did not receive upstream " + (mAcceptAnyUpstream ? "any" : mExpectedUpstream)
-                        + " callback after " + TIMEOUT_MS + "ms");
+                final String errorMessage = "Did not receive upstream "
+                            + (mAcceptAnyUpstream ? "any" : mExpectedUpstream)
+                            + " callback after " + TIMEOUT_MS + "ms";
+
+                if (throwTimeoutException) {
+                    throw new TimeoutException(errorMessage);
+                } else {
+                    fail(errorMessage);
+                }
             }
             return mUpstream;
         }
@@ -561,16 +758,34 @@
         } else {
             callback = new MyTetheringEventCallback(mTm, iface);
         }
-        mTm.registerTetheringEventCallback(mHandler::post, callback);
-
+        runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> {
+            mTm.registerTetheringEventCallback(mHandler::post, callback);
+            // Need to hold the shell permission until callback is registered. This helps to avoid
+            // the test become flaky.
+            callback.awaitCallbackRegistered();
+        });
+        final CountDownLatch tetheringStartedLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
         StartTetheringCallback startTetheringCallback = new StartTetheringCallback() {
             @Override
+            public void onTetheringStarted() {
+                Log.d(TAG, "Ethernet tethering started");
+                tetheringStartedLatch.countDown();
+            }
+
+            @Override
             public void onTetheringFailed(int resultCode) {
                 fail("Unexpectedly got onTetheringFailed");
             }
         };
         Log.d(TAG, "Starting Ethernet tethering");
-        mTm.startTethering(request, mHandler::post /* executor */,  startTetheringCallback);
+        runAsShell(TETHER_PRIVILEGED, () -> {
+            mTm.startTethering(request, mHandler::post /* executor */, startTetheringCallback);
+            // Binder call is an async call. Need to hold the shell permission until tethering
+            // started. This helps to avoid the test become flaky.
+            if (!tetheringStartedLatch.await(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
+                fail("Did not receive tethering started callback after " + TIMEOUT_MS + "ms");
+            }
+        });
 
         final int connectivityType = request.getConnectivityScope();
         switch (connectivityType) {
@@ -678,12 +893,17 @@
         public CompletableFuture<String> requestInterface() {
             assertNull("BUG: more than one tethered interface request", mRequest);
             Log.d(TAG, "Requesting tethered interface");
-            mRequest = mEm.requestTetheredInterface(mHandler::post, this);
+            mRequest = runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () ->
+                    mEm.requestTetheredInterface(mHandler::post, this));
             return mFuture;
         }
 
+        public String getInterface(int timeout) throws Exception {
+            return requestInterface().get(timeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        }
+
         public String getInterface() throws Exception {
-            return requestInterface().get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            return getInterface(TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
         public void release() {
@@ -734,8 +954,10 @@
     }
 
     private TestNetworkInterface createTestInterface() throws Exception {
-        TestNetworkManager tnm = mContext.getSystemService(TestNetworkManager.class);
-        TestNetworkInterface iface = tnm.createTapInterface();
+        TestNetworkManager tnm = runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS, () ->
+                mContext.getSystemService(TestNetworkManager.class));
+        TestNetworkInterface iface = runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS, () ->
+                tnm.createTapInterface());
         Log.d(TAG, "Created test interface " + iface.getInterfaceName());
         return iface;
     }
@@ -748,36 +970,43 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private TestNetworkTracker createTestUpstream(final List<LinkAddress> addresses)
-            throws Exception {
-        mTm.setPreferTestNetworks(true);
+    private TestNetworkTracker createTestUpstream(final List<LinkAddress> addresses,
+            final List<InetAddress> dnses) throws Exception {
+        setPreferTestNetworks(true);
 
-        return initTestNetwork(mContext, addresses, TIMEOUT_MS);
+        final LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
+        lp.setLinkAddresses(addresses);
+        lp.setDnsServers(dnses);
+        lp.setNat64Prefix(TEST_NAT64PREFIX);
+
+        return runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS, () -> initTestNetwork(mContext, lp, TIMEOUT_MS));
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testTestNetworkUpstream() throws Exception {
-        assumeFalse(mEm.isAvailable());
+    public void testIcmpv6Echo() throws Exception {
+        runPing6Test(initTetheringTester(toList(TEST_IP4_ADDR, TEST_IP6_ADDR),
+                toList(TEST_IP4_DNS, TEST_IP6_DNS)));
+    }
 
-        // MyTetheringEventCallback currently only support await first available upstream. Tethering
-        // may select internet network as upstream if test network is not available and not be
-        // preferred yet. Create test upstream network before enable tethering.
-        mUpstreamTracker = createTestUpstream(toList(TEST_IP4_ADDR, TEST_IP6_ADDR));
+    private void runPing6Test(TetheringTester tester) throws Exception {
+        TetheredDevice tethered = tester.createTetheredDevice(TEST_MAC, true /* hasIpv6 */);
+        Inet6Address remoteIp6Addr = (Inet6Address) parseNumericAddress("2400:222:222::222");
+        ByteBuffer request = Ipv6Utils.buildEchoRequestPacket(tethered.macAddr,
+                tethered.routerMacAddr, tethered.ipv6Addr, remoteIp6Addr);
+        tester.verifyUpload(request, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in upstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
 
-        mDownstreamIface = createTestInterface();
-        mEm.setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
+            return isExpectedIcmpPacket(p, false /* hasEth */, false /* isIpv4 */,
+                    ICMPV6_ECHO_REQUEST_TYPE);
+        });
 
-        final String iface = mTetheredInterfaceRequester.getInterface();
-        assertEquals("TetheredInterfaceCallback for unexpected interface",
-                mDownstreamIface.getInterfaceName(), iface);
+        ByteBuffer reply = Ipv6Utils.buildEchoReplyPacket(remoteIp6Addr, tethered.ipv6Addr);
+        tester.verifyDownload(reply, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in downstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
 
-        mTetheringEventCallback = enableEthernetTethering(mDownstreamIface.getInterfaceName(),
-                mUpstreamTracker.getNetwork());
-        assertEquals("onUpstreamChanged for unexpected network", mUpstreamTracker.getNetwork(),
-                mTetheringEventCallback.awaitUpstreamChanged());
-
-        mDownstreamReader = makePacketReader(mDownstreamIface);
-        // TODO: do basic forwarding test here.
+            return isExpectedIcmpPacket(p, true /* hasEth */, false /* isIpv4 */,
+                    ICMPV6_ECHO_REPLY_TYPE);
+        });
     }
 
     // Test network topology:
@@ -795,58 +1024,57 @@
     // Used by public port and private port. Assume port 9876 has not been used yet before the
     // testing that public port and private port are the same in the testing. Note that NAT port
     // forwarding could be different between private port and public port.
+    // TODO: move to the start of test class.
     private static final short LOCAL_PORT = 9876;
     private static final short REMOTE_PORT = 433;
     private static final byte TYPE_OF_SERVICE = 0;
     private static final short ID = 27149;
-    private static final short ID2 = 27150;
-    private static final short ID3 = 27151;
     private static final short FLAGS_AND_FRAGMENT_OFFSET = (short) 0x4000; // flags=DF, offset=0
     private static final byte TIME_TO_LIVE = (byte) 0x40;
-    private static final ByteBuffer PAYLOAD =
+    private static final ByteBuffer RX_PAYLOAD =
             ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[] { (byte) 0x12, (byte) 0x34 });
-    private static final ByteBuffer PAYLOAD2 =
+    private static final ByteBuffer TX_PAYLOAD =
             ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[] { (byte) 0x56, (byte) 0x78 });
-    private static final ByteBuffer PAYLOAD3 =
-            ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[] { (byte) 0x9a, (byte) 0xbc });
 
-    private boolean isExpectedUdpPacket(@NonNull final byte[] rawPacket, boolean hasEther,
-            @NonNull final ByteBuffer payload) {
-        final ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(rawPacket);
+    private short getEthType(@NonNull final InetAddress srcIp, @NonNull final InetAddress dstIp) {
+        return isAddressIpv4(srcIp, dstIp) ? (short) ETHER_TYPE_IPV4 : (short) ETHER_TYPE_IPV6;
+    }
 
-        if (hasEther) {
-            final EthernetHeader etherHeader = Struct.parse(EthernetHeader.class, buf);
-            if (etherHeader == null) return false;
-        }
-
-        final Ipv4Header ipv4Header = Struct.parse(Ipv4Header.class, buf);
-        if (ipv4Header == null) return false;
-
-        final UdpHeader udpHeader = Struct.parse(UdpHeader.class, buf);
-        if (udpHeader == null) return false;
-
-        if (buf.remaining() != payload.limit()) return false;
-
-        return Arrays.equals(Arrays.copyOfRange(buf.array(), buf.position(), buf.limit()),
-                payload.array());
+    private int getIpProto(@NonNull final InetAddress srcIp, @NonNull final InetAddress dstIp) {
+        return isAddressIpv4(srcIp, dstIp) ? IPPROTO_IP : IPPROTO_IPV6;
     }
 
     @NonNull
-    private ByteBuffer buildUdpv4Packet(@Nullable final MacAddress srcMac,
-            @Nullable final MacAddress dstMac, short id,
-            @NonNull final Inet4Address srcIp, @NonNull final Inet4Address dstIp,
+    private ByteBuffer buildUdpPacket(
+            @Nullable final MacAddress srcMac, @Nullable final MacAddress dstMac,
+            @NonNull final InetAddress srcIp, @NonNull final InetAddress dstIp,
             short srcPort, short dstPort, @Nullable final ByteBuffer payload)
             throws Exception {
+        final int ipProto = getIpProto(srcIp, dstIp);
         final boolean hasEther = (srcMac != null && dstMac != null);
         final int payloadLen = (payload == null) ? 0 : payload.limit();
-        final ByteBuffer buffer = PacketBuilder.allocate(hasEther, IPPROTO_IP, IPPROTO_UDP,
+        final ByteBuffer buffer = PacketBuilder.allocate(hasEther, ipProto, IPPROTO_UDP,
                 payloadLen);
         final PacketBuilder packetBuilder = new PacketBuilder(buffer);
 
-        if (hasEther) packetBuilder.writeL2Header(srcMac, dstMac, (short) ETHER_TYPE_IPV4);
-        packetBuilder.writeIpv4Header(TYPE_OF_SERVICE, ID, FLAGS_AND_FRAGMENT_OFFSET,
-                TIME_TO_LIVE, (byte) IPPROTO_UDP, srcIp, dstIp);
+        // [1] Ethernet header
+        if (hasEther) {
+            packetBuilder.writeL2Header(srcMac, dstMac, getEthType(srcIp, dstIp));
+        }
+
+        // [2] IP header
+        if (ipProto == IPPROTO_IP) {
+            packetBuilder.writeIpv4Header(TYPE_OF_SERVICE, ID, FLAGS_AND_FRAGMENT_OFFSET,
+                    TIME_TO_LIVE, (byte) IPPROTO_UDP, (Inet4Address) srcIp, (Inet4Address) dstIp);
+        } else {
+            packetBuilder.writeIpv6Header(VERSION_TRAFFICCLASS_FLOWLABEL, (byte) IPPROTO_UDP,
+                    HOP_LIMIT, (Inet6Address) srcIp, (Inet6Address) dstIp);
+        }
+
+        // [3] UDP header
         packetBuilder.writeUdpHeader(srcPort, dstPort);
+
+        // [4] Payload
         if (payload != null) {
             buffer.put(payload);
             // in case data might be reused by caller, restore the position and
@@ -858,38 +1086,110 @@
     }
 
     @NonNull
-    private ByteBuffer buildUdpv4Packet(short id, @NonNull final Inet4Address srcIp,
-            @NonNull final Inet4Address dstIp, short srcPort, short dstPort,
+    private ByteBuffer buildUdpPacket(@NonNull final InetAddress srcIp,
+            @NonNull final InetAddress dstIp, short srcPort, short dstPort,
             @Nullable final ByteBuffer payload) throws Exception {
-        return buildUdpv4Packet(null /* srcMac */, null /* dstMac */, id, srcIp, dstIp, srcPort,
+        return buildUdpPacket(null /* srcMac */, null /* dstMac */, srcIp, dstIp, srcPort,
                 dstPort, payload);
     }
 
-    // TODO: remove this verification once upstream connected notification race is fixed.
-    // See #runUdp4Test.
-    private boolean isIpv4TetherConnectivityVerified(TetheringTester tester,
-            RemoteResponder remote, TetheredDevice tethered) throws Exception {
-        final ByteBuffer probePacket = buildUdpv4Packet(tethered.macAddr,
-                tethered.routerMacAddr, ID, tethered.ipv4Addr /* srcIp */,
-                REMOTE_IP4_ADDR /* dstIp */, LOCAL_PORT /* srcPort */, REMOTE_PORT /*dstPort */,
+    private boolean isAddressIpv4(@NonNull final  InetAddress srcIp,
+            @NonNull final InetAddress dstIp) {
+        if (srcIp instanceof Inet4Address && dstIp instanceof Inet4Address) return true;
+        if (srcIp instanceof Inet6Address && dstIp instanceof Inet6Address) return false;
+
+        fail("Unsupported conditions: srcIp " + srcIp + ", dstIp " + dstIp);
+        return false;  // unreachable
+    }
+
+    private void sendDownloadPacketUdp(@NonNull final InetAddress srcIp,
+            @NonNull final InetAddress dstIp, @NonNull final TetheringTester tester,
+            boolean is6To4) throws Exception {
+        if (is6To4) {
+            assertFalse("CLAT download test must sends IPv6 packet", isAddressIpv4(srcIp, dstIp));
+        }
+
+        // Expected received UDP packet IP protocol. While testing CLAT (is6To4 = true), the packet
+        // on downstream must be IPv4. Otherwise, the IP protocol of test packet is the same on
+        // both downstream and upstream.
+        final boolean isIpv4 = is6To4 ? true : isAddressIpv4(srcIp, dstIp);
+
+        final ByteBuffer testPacket = buildUdpPacket(srcIp, dstIp, REMOTE_PORT /* srcPort */,
+                LOCAL_PORT /* dstPort */, RX_PAYLOAD);
+        tester.verifyDownload(testPacket, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in downstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
+            return isExpectedUdpPacket(p, true /* hasEther */, isIpv4, RX_PAYLOAD);
+        });
+    }
+
+    private void sendUploadPacketUdp(@NonNull final MacAddress srcMac,
+            @NonNull final MacAddress dstMac, @NonNull final InetAddress srcIp,
+            @NonNull final InetAddress dstIp, @NonNull final TetheringTester tester,
+            boolean is4To6) throws Exception {
+        if (is4To6) {
+            assertTrue("CLAT upload test must sends IPv4 packet", isAddressIpv4(srcIp, dstIp));
+        }
+
+        // Expected received UDP packet IP protocol. While testing CLAT (is4To6 = true), the packet
+        // on upstream must be IPv6. Otherwise, the IP protocol of test packet is the same on
+        // both downstream and upstream.
+        final boolean isIpv4 = is4To6 ? false : isAddressIpv4(srcIp, dstIp);
+
+        final ByteBuffer testPacket = buildUdpPacket(srcMac, dstMac, srcIp, dstIp,
+                LOCAL_PORT /* srcPort */, REMOTE_PORT /* dstPort */, TX_PAYLOAD);
+        tester.verifyUpload(testPacket, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in upstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
+            return isExpectedUdpPacket(p, false /* hasEther */, isIpv4, TX_PAYLOAD);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testTetherUdpV6() throws Exception {
+        final TetheringTester tester = initTetheringTester(toList(TEST_IP6_ADDR),
+                toList(TEST_IP6_DNS));
+        final TetheredDevice tethered = tester.createTetheredDevice(TEST_MAC, true /* hasIpv6 */);
+        sendUploadPacketUdp(tethered.macAddr, tethered.routerMacAddr,
+                tethered.ipv6Addr, REMOTE_IP6_ADDR, tester, false /* is4To6 */);
+        sendDownloadPacketUdp(REMOTE_IP6_ADDR, tethered.ipv6Addr, tester, false /* is6To4 */);
+
+        // TODO: test BPF offload maps {rule, stats}.
+    }
+
+    // TODO: remove ipv4 verification (is4To6 = false) once upstream connected notification race is
+    // fixed. See #runUdp4Test.
+    //
+    // This function sends a probe packet to downstream interface and exam the result from upstream
+    // interface to make sure ipv4 tethering is ready. Return the entire packet which received from
+    // upstream interface.
+    @NonNull
+    private byte[] probeV4TetheringConnectivity(TetheringTester tester, TetheredDevice tethered,
+            boolean is4To6) throws Exception {
+        final ByteBuffer probePacket = buildUdpPacket(tethered.macAddr,
+                tethered.routerMacAddr, tethered.ipv4Addr /* srcIp */,
+                REMOTE_IP4_ADDR /* dstIp */, LOCAL_PORT /* srcPort */, REMOTE_PORT /* dstPort */,
                 TEST_REACHABILITY_PAYLOAD);
 
         // Send a UDP packet from client and check the packet can be found on upstream interface.
         for (int i = 0; i < TETHER_REACHABILITY_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
-            tester.sendPacket(probePacket);
-            byte[] expectedPacket = remote.getNextMatchedPacket(p -> {
+            byte[] expectedPacket = tester.testUpload(probePacket, p -> {
                 Log.d(TAG, "Packet in upstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
-                return isExpectedUdpPacket(p, false /* hasEther */, TEST_REACHABILITY_PAYLOAD);
+                // If is4To6 is true, the ipv4 probe packet would be translated to ipv6 by Clat and
+                // would see this translated ipv6 packet in upstream interface.
+                return isExpectedUdpPacket(p, false /* hasEther */, !is4To6 /* isIpv4 */,
+                        TEST_REACHABILITY_PAYLOAD);
             });
-            if (expectedPacket != null) return true;
+            if (expectedPacket != null) return expectedPacket;
         }
-        return false;
+
+        fail("Can't verify " + (is4To6 ? "ipv4 to ipv6" : "ipv4") + " tethering connectivity after "
+                + TETHER_REACHABILITY_ATTEMPTS + " attempts");
+        return null;
     }
 
-    private void runUdp4Test(TetheringTester tester, RemoteResponder remote, boolean usingBpf)
-            throws Exception {
-        final TetheredDevice tethered = tester.createTetheredDevice(MacAddress.fromString(
-                "1:2:3:4:5:6"));
+    private void runUdp4Test(boolean verifyBpf) throws Exception {
+        final TetheringTester tester = initTetheringTester(toList(TEST_IP4_ADDR),
+                toList(TEST_IP4_DNS));
+        final TetheredDevice tethered = tester.createTetheredDevice(TEST_MAC, false /* hasIpv6 */);
 
         // TODO: remove the connectivity verification for upstream connected notification race.
         // Because async upstream connected notification can't guarantee the tethering routing is
@@ -897,29 +1197,17 @@
         // For short term plan, consider using IPv6 RA to get MAC address because the prefix comes
         // from upstream. That can guarantee that the routing is ready. Long term plan is that
         // refactors upstream connected notification from async to sync.
-        assertTrue(isIpv4TetherConnectivityVerified(tester, remote, tethered));
+        probeV4TetheringConnectivity(tester, tethered, false /* is4To6 */);
 
-        // Send a UDP packet in original direction.
-        final ByteBuffer originalPacket = buildUdpv4Packet(tethered.macAddr,
-                tethered.routerMacAddr, ID, tethered.ipv4Addr /* srcIp */,
-                REMOTE_IP4_ADDR /* dstIp */, LOCAL_PORT /* srcPort */, REMOTE_PORT /*dstPort */,
-                PAYLOAD /* payload */);
-        tester.verifyUpload(remote, originalPacket, p -> {
-            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in upstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
-            return isExpectedUdpPacket(p, false /* hasEther */, PAYLOAD);
-        });
+        final MacAddress srcMac = tethered.macAddr;
+        final MacAddress dstMac = tethered.routerMacAddr;
+        final InetAddress remoteIp = REMOTE_IP4_ADDR;
+        final InetAddress tetheringUpstreamIp = TEST_IP4_ADDR.getAddress();
+        final InetAddress clientIp = tethered.ipv4Addr;
+        sendUploadPacketUdp(srcMac, dstMac, clientIp, remoteIp, tester, false /* is4To6 */);
+        sendDownloadPacketUdp(remoteIp, tetheringUpstreamIp, tester, false /* is6To4 */);
 
-        // Send a UDP packet in reply direction.
-        final Inet4Address publicIp4Addr = (Inet4Address) TEST_IP4_ADDR.getAddress();
-        final ByteBuffer replyPacket = buildUdpv4Packet(ID2, REMOTE_IP4_ADDR /* srcIp */,
-                publicIp4Addr /* dstIp */, REMOTE_PORT /* srcPort */, LOCAL_PORT /*dstPort */,
-                PAYLOAD2 /* payload */);
-        remote.verifyDownload(tester, replyPacket, p -> {
-            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in downstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
-            return isExpectedUdpPacket(p, true/* hasEther */, PAYLOAD2);
-        });
-
-        if (usingBpf) {
+        if (verifyBpf) {
             // Send second UDP packet in original direction.
             // The BPF coordinator only offloads the ASSURED conntrack entry. The "request + reply"
             // packets can make status IPS_SEEN_REPLY to be set. Need one more packet to make
@@ -929,123 +1217,254 @@
             // See kernel upstream commit b7b1d02fc43925a4d569ec221715db2dfa1ce4f5 and
             // nf_conntrack_udp_packet in net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_proto_udp.c
             Thread.sleep(UDP_STREAM_TS_MS);
-            final ByteBuffer originalPacket2 = buildUdpv4Packet(tethered.macAddr,
-                    tethered.routerMacAddr, ID, tethered.ipv4Addr /* srcIp */,
-                    REMOTE_IP4_ADDR /* dstIp */, LOCAL_PORT /* srcPort */,
-                    REMOTE_PORT /*dstPort */, PAYLOAD3 /* payload */);
-            tester.verifyUpload(remote, originalPacket2, p -> {
-                Log.d(TAG, "Packet in upstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
-                return isExpectedUdpPacket(p, false /* hasEther */, PAYLOAD3);
-            });
+            sendUploadPacketUdp(srcMac, dstMac, clientIp, remoteIp, tester, false /* is4To6 */);
 
-            final HashMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> upstreamMap = pollIpv4UpstreamMapFromDump();
+            // Give a slack time for handling conntrack event in user space.
+            Thread.sleep(UDP_STREAM_SLACK_MS);
+
+            // [1] Verify IPv4 upstream rule map.
+            final HashMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> upstreamMap = pollRawMapFromDump(
+                    Tether4Key.class, Tether4Value.class, DUMPSYS_RAWMAP_ARG_UPSTREAM4);
             assertNotNull(upstreamMap);
             assertEquals(1, upstreamMap.size());
 
             final Map.Entry<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> rule =
                     upstreamMap.entrySet().iterator().next();
 
-            final Tether4Key key = rule.getKey();
-            assertEquals(IPPROTO_UDP, key.l4proto);
-            assertTrue(Arrays.equals(tethered.ipv4Addr.getAddress(), key.src4));
-            assertEquals(LOCAL_PORT, key.srcPort);
-            assertTrue(Arrays.equals(REMOTE_IP4_ADDR.getAddress(), key.dst4));
-            assertEquals(REMOTE_PORT, key.dstPort);
+            final Tether4Key upstream4Key = rule.getKey();
+            assertEquals(IPPROTO_UDP, upstream4Key.l4proto);
+            assertTrue(Arrays.equals(tethered.ipv4Addr.getAddress(), upstream4Key.src4));
+            assertEquals(LOCAL_PORT, upstream4Key.srcPort);
+            assertTrue(Arrays.equals(REMOTE_IP4_ADDR.getAddress(), upstream4Key.dst4));
+            assertEquals(REMOTE_PORT, upstream4Key.dstPort);
 
-            final Tether4Value value = rule.getValue();
-            assertTrue(Arrays.equals(publicIp4Addr.getAddress(),
-                    InetAddress.getByAddress(value.src46).getAddress()));
-            assertEquals(LOCAL_PORT, value.srcPort);
+            final Tether4Value upstream4Value = rule.getValue();
+            assertTrue(Arrays.equals(tetheringUpstreamIp.getAddress(),
+                    InetAddress.getByAddress(upstream4Value.src46).getAddress()));
+            assertEquals(LOCAL_PORT, upstream4Value.srcPort);
             assertTrue(Arrays.equals(REMOTE_IP4_ADDR.getAddress(),
-                    InetAddress.getByAddress(value.dst46).getAddress()));
-            assertEquals(REMOTE_PORT, value.dstPort);
+                    InetAddress.getByAddress(upstream4Value.dst46).getAddress()));
+            assertEquals(REMOTE_PORT, upstream4Value.dstPort);
+
+            // [2] Verify stats map.
+            // Transmit packets on both direction for verifying stats. Because we only care the
+            // packet count in stats test, we just reuse the existing packets to increaes
+            // the packet count on both direction.
+
+            // Send packets on original direction.
+            for (int i = 0; i < TX_UDP_PACKET_COUNT; i++) {
+                sendUploadPacketUdp(srcMac, dstMac, clientIp, remoteIp, tester,
+                        false /* is4To6 */);
+            }
+
+            // Send packets on reply direction.
+            for (int i = 0; i < RX_UDP_PACKET_COUNT; i++) {
+                sendDownloadPacketUdp(remoteIp, tetheringUpstreamIp, tester, false /* is6To4 */);
+            }
+
+            // Dump stats map to verify.
+            final HashMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> statsMap = pollRawMapFromDump(
+                    TetherStatsKey.class, TetherStatsValue.class, DUMPSYS_RAWMAP_ARG_STATS);
+            assertNotNull(statsMap);
+            assertEquals(1, statsMap.size());
+
+            final Map.Entry<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> stats =
+                    statsMap.entrySet().iterator().next();
+
+            // TODO: verify the upstream index in TetherStatsKey.
+
+            final TetherStatsValue statsValue = stats.getValue();
+            assertEquals(RX_UDP_PACKET_COUNT, statsValue.rxPackets);
+            assertEquals(RX_UDP_PACKET_COUNT * RX_UDP_PACKET_SIZE, statsValue.rxBytes);
+            assertEquals(0, statsValue.rxErrors);
+            assertEquals(TX_UDP_PACKET_COUNT, statsValue.txPackets);
+            assertEquals(TX_UDP_PACKET_COUNT * TX_UDP_PACKET_SIZE, statsValue.txBytes);
+            assertEquals(0, statsValue.txErrors);
         }
     }
 
-    void initializeTethering() throws Exception {
-        assumeFalse(mEm.isAvailable());
+    // TODO: remove triggering upstream reselection once test network can replace selected upstream
+    // network in Tethering module.
+    private void maybeRetryTestedUpstreamChanged(final Network expectedUpstream,
+            final TimeoutException fallbackException) throws Exception {
+        // Fall back original exception because no way to reselect if there is no WIFI feature.
+        assertTrue(fallbackException.toString(), mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_WIFI));
+
+        // Try to toggle wifi network, if any, to reselect upstream network via default network
+        // switching. Because test network has higher priority than internet network, this can
+        // help selecting test network to be upstream network for testing. This tries to avoid
+        // the flaky upstream selection under multinetwork environment. Internet and test network
+        // upstream changed event order is not guaranteed. Once tethering selects non-test
+        // upstream {wifi, ..}, test network won't be selected anymore. If too many test cases
+        // trigger the reselection, the total test time may over test suite 1 minmute timeout.
+        // Probably need to disable/restore all internet networks in a common place of test
+        // process. Currently, EthernetTetheringTest is part of CTS test which needs wifi network
+        // connection if device has wifi feature. CtsNetUtils#toggleWifi() checks wifi connection
+        // during the toggling process.
+        // See Tethering#chooseUpstreamType, CtsNetUtils#toggleWifi.
+        // TODO: toggle cellular network if the device has no WIFI feature.
+        Log.d(TAG, "Toggle WIFI to retry upstream selection");
+        mCtsNetUtils.toggleWifi();
+
+        // Wait for expected upstream.
+        final CompletableFuture<Network> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final TetheringEventCallback callback = new TetheringEventCallback() {
+            @Override
+            public void onUpstreamChanged(Network network) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "Got upstream changed: " + network);
+                if (Objects.equals(expectedUpstream, network)) {
+                    future.complete(network);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        try {
+            mTm.registerTetheringEventCallback(mHandler::post, callback);
+            assertEquals("onUpstreamChanged for unexpected network", expectedUpstream,
+                    future.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Did not receive upstream " + expectedUpstream
+                    + " callback after " + TIMEOUT_MS + "ms");
+        } finally {
+            mTm.unregisterTetheringEventCallback(callback);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private TetheringTester initTetheringTester(List<LinkAddress> upstreamAddresses,
+            List<InetAddress> upstreamDnses) throws Exception {
+        assumeFalse(isInterfaceForTetheringAvailable());
 
         // MyTetheringEventCallback currently only support await first available upstream. Tethering
         // may select internet network as upstream if test network is not available and not be
         // preferred yet. Create test upstream network before enable tethering.
-        mUpstreamTracker = createTestUpstream(toList(TEST_IP4_ADDR));
+        mUpstreamTracker = createTestUpstream(upstreamAddresses, upstreamDnses);
 
         mDownstreamIface = createTestInterface();
-        mEm.setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
+        setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
 
-        final String iface = mTetheredInterfaceRequester.getInterface();
+        // Make sure EtherentTracker use "mDownstreamIface" as server mode interface.
         assertEquals("TetheredInterfaceCallback for unexpected interface",
-                mDownstreamIface.getInterfaceName(), iface);
+                mDownstreamIface.getInterfaceName(), mTetheredInterfaceRequester.getInterface());
 
         mTetheringEventCallback = enableEthernetTethering(mDownstreamIface.getInterfaceName(),
                 mUpstreamTracker.getNetwork());
-        assertEquals("onUpstreamChanged for unexpected network", mUpstreamTracker.getNetwork(),
-                mTetheringEventCallback.awaitUpstreamChanged());
+
+        try {
+            assertEquals("onUpstreamChanged for test network", mUpstreamTracker.getNetwork(),
+                    mTetheringEventCallback.awaitUpstreamChanged(
+                            true /* throwTimeoutException */));
+        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+            // Due to race condition inside tethering module, test network may not be selected as
+            // tethering upstream. Force tethering retry upstream if possible. If it is not
+            // possible to retry, fail the test with the original timeout exception.
+            maybeRetryTestedUpstreamChanged(mUpstreamTracker.getNetwork(), e);
+        }
 
         mDownstreamReader = makePacketReader(mDownstreamIface);
         mUpstreamReader = makePacketReader(mUpstreamTracker.getTestIface());
-    }
 
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
-    public void testTetherUdpV4WithoutBpf() throws Exception {
-        initializeTethering();
-        runUdp4Test(new TetheringTester(mDownstreamReader), new RemoteResponder(mUpstreamReader),
-                false /* usingBpf */);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
-    public void testTetherUdpV4WithBpf() throws Exception {
-        initializeTethering();
-        runUdp4Test(new TetheringTester(mDownstreamReader), new RemoteResponder(mUpstreamReader),
-                true /* usingBpf */);
-    }
-
-    @Nullable
-    private Pair<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> parseTether4KeyValue(@NonNull String dumpStr) {
-        Log.w(TAG, "Parsing string: " + dumpStr);
-
-        String[] keyValueStrs = dumpStr.split(BASE64_DELIMITER);
-        if (keyValueStrs.length != 2 /* key + value */) {
-            fail("The length is " + keyValueStrs.length + " but expect 2. "
-                    + "Split string(s): " + TextUtils.join(",", keyValueStrs));
+        final ConnectivityManager cm = mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
+        // Currently tethering don't have API to tell when ipv6 tethering is available. Thus, make
+        // sure tethering already have ipv6 connectivity before testing.
+        if (cm.getLinkProperties(mUpstreamTracker.getNetwork()).hasGlobalIpv6Address()) {
+            waitForRouterAdvertisement(mDownstreamReader, mDownstreamIface.getInterfaceName(),
+                    WAIT_RA_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
-        final byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decode(keyValueStrs[0], Base64.DEFAULT);
-        Log.d(TAG, "keyBytes: " + dumpHexString(keyBytes));
-        final ByteBuffer keyByteBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(keyBytes);
-        keyByteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
-        final Tether4Key tether4Key = Struct.parse(Tether4Key.class, keyByteBuffer);
-        Log.w(TAG, "tether4Key: " + tether4Key);
+        return new TetheringTester(mDownstreamReader, mUpstreamReader);
+    }
 
-        final byte[] valueBytes = Base64.decode(keyValueStrs[1], Base64.DEFAULT);
-        Log.d(TAG, "valueBytes: " + dumpHexString(valueBytes));
-        final ByteBuffer valueByteBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(valueBytes);
-        valueByteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
-        final Tether4Value tether4Value = Struct.parse(Tether4Value.class, valueByteBuffer);
-        Log.w(TAG, "tether4Value: " + tether4Value);
+    private static boolean isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel(final String kernelVersion) {
+        final KVersion current = DeviceInfoUtils.getMajorMinorSubminorVersion(kernelVersion);
+        return current.isInRange(new KVersion(4, 14, 222), new KVersion(4, 19, 0))
+                || current.isInRange(new KVersion(4, 19, 176), new KVersion(5, 4, 0))
+                || current.isAtLeast(new KVersion(5, 4, 98));
+    }
 
-        return new Pair<>(tether4Key, tether4Value);
+    @Test
+    public void testIsUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel() throws Exception {
+        assertFalse(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("4.14.221"));
+        assertTrue(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("4.14.222"));
+        assertTrue(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("4.16.0"));
+        assertTrue(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("4.18.0"));
+        assertFalse(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("4.19.0"));
+
+        assertFalse(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("4.19.175"));
+        assertTrue(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("4.19.176"));
+        assertTrue(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("5.2.0"));
+        assertTrue(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("5.3.0"));
+        assertFalse(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("5.4.0"));
+
+        assertFalse(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("5.4.97"));
+        assertTrue(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("5.4.98"));
+        assertTrue(isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel("5.10.0"));
+    }
+
+    private static void assumeKernelSupportBpfOffloadUdpV4() {
+        final String kernelVersion = VintfRuntimeInfo.getKernelVersion();
+        assumeTrue("Kernel version " + kernelVersion + " doesn't support IPv4 UDP BPF offload",
+                isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel(kernelVersion));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testKernelSupportBpfOffloadUdpV4() throws Exception {
+        assumeKernelSupportBpfOffloadUdpV4();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testTetherConfigBpfOffloadEnabled() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(isTetherConfigBpfOffloadEnabled());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Basic IPv4 UDP tethering test. Verify that UDP tethered packets are transferred no matter
+     * using which data path.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testTetherUdpV4() throws Exception {
+        runUdp4Test(false /* verifyBpf */);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * BPF offload IPv4 UDP tethering test. Verify that UDP tethered packets are offloaded by BPF.
+     * Minimum test requirement:
+     * 1. S+ device.
+     * 2. Tethering config enables tethering BPF offload.
+     * 3. Kernel supports IPv4 UDP BPF offload. See #isUdpOffloadSupportedByKernel.
+     *
+     * TODO: consider enabling the test even tethering config disables BPF offload. See b/238288883
+     */
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    public void testTetherUdpV4_VerifyBpf() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue("Tethering config disabled BPF offload", isTetherConfigBpfOffloadEnabled());
+        assumeKernelSupportBpfOffloadUdpV4();
+
+        runUdp4Test(true /* verifyBpf */);
     }
 
     @NonNull
-    private HashMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> dumpIpv4UpstreamMap() throws Exception {
-        final String rawMapStr = DumpTestUtils.dumpService(Context.TETHERING_SERVICE,
-                DUMPSYS_TETHERING_RAWMAP_ARG);
-        final HashMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> map = new HashMap<>();
+    private <K extends Struct, V extends Struct> HashMap<K, V> dumpAndParseRawMap(
+            Class<K> keyClass, Class<V> valueClass, @NonNull String mapArg)
+            throws Exception {
+        final String[] args = new String[] {DUMPSYS_TETHERING_RAWMAP_ARG, mapArg};
+        final String rawMapStr = runAsShell(DUMP, () ->
+                DumpTestUtils.dumpService(Context.TETHERING_SERVICE, args));
+        final HashMap<K, V> map = new HashMap<>();
 
         for (final String line : rawMapStr.split(LINE_DELIMITER)) {
-            final Pair<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> rule = parseTether4KeyValue(line.trim());
+            final Pair<K, V> rule =
+                    BpfDump.fromBase64EncodedString(keyClass, valueClass, line.trim());
             map.put(rule.first, rule.second);
         }
         return map;
     }
 
     @Nullable
-    private HashMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> pollIpv4UpstreamMapFromDump() throws Exception {
+    private <K extends Struct, V extends Struct> HashMap<K, V> pollRawMapFromDump(
+            Class<K> keyClass, Class<V> valueClass, @NonNull String mapArg)
+            throws Exception {
         for (int retryCount = 0; retryCount < DUMP_POLLING_MAX_RETRY; retryCount++) {
-            final HashMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> map = dumpIpv4UpstreamMap();
+            final HashMap<K, V> map = dumpAndParseRawMap(keyClass, valueClass, mapArg);
             if (!map.isEmpty()) return map;
 
             Thread.sleep(DUMP_POLLING_INTERVAL_MS);
@@ -1055,6 +1474,493 @@
         return null;
     }
 
+    private boolean isTetherConfigBpfOffloadEnabled() throws Exception {
+        final String dumpStr = runAsShell(DUMP, () ->
+                DumpTestUtils.dumpService(Context.TETHERING_SERVICE, "--short"));
+
+        // BPF offload tether config can be overridden by "config_tether_enable_bpf_offload" in
+        // packages/modules/Connectivity/Tethering/res/values/config.xml. OEM may disable config by
+        // RRO to override the enabled default value. Get the tethering config via dumpsys.
+        // $ dumpsys tethering
+        //   mIsBpfEnabled: true
+        boolean enabled = dumpStr.contains("mIsBpfEnabled: true");
+        if (!enabled) {
+            Log.d(TAG, "BPF offload tether config not enabled: " + dumpStr);
+        }
+        return enabled;
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    private Inet6Address getClatIpv6Address(TetheringTester tester, TetheredDevice tethered)
+            throws Exception {
+        // Send an IPv4 UDP packet from client and check that a CLAT translated IPv6 UDP packet can
+        // be found on upstream interface. Get CLAT IPv6 address from the CLAT translated IPv6 UDP
+        // packet.
+        byte[] expectedPacket = probeV4TetheringConnectivity(tester, tethered, true /* is4To6 */);
+
+        // Above has guaranteed that the found packet is an IPv6 packet without ether header.
+        return Struct.parse(Ipv6Header.class, ByteBuffer.wrap(expectedPacket)).srcIp;
+    }
+
+    // Test network topology:
+    //
+    //            public network (rawip)                 private network
+    //                      |         UE (CLAT support)         |
+    // +---------------+    V    +------------+------------+    V    +------------+
+    // | NAT64 Gateway +---------+  Upstream  | Downstream +---------+   Client   |
+    // +---------------+         +------------+------------+         +------------+
+    // remote ip                 public ip                           private ip
+    // [64:ff9b::808:808]:443    [clat ipv6]:9876                    [TetheredDevice ipv4]:9876
+    //
+    // Note that CLAT IPv6 address is generated by ClatCoordinator. Get the CLAT IPv6 address by
+    // sending out an IPv4 packet and extracting the source address from CLAT translated IPv6
+    // packet.
+    //
+    private void runClatUdpTest() throws Exception {
+        // CLAT only starts on IPv6 only network.
+        final TetheringTester tester = initTetheringTester(toList(TEST_IP6_ADDR),
+                toList(TEST_IP6_DNS));
+        final TetheredDevice tethered = tester.createTetheredDevice(TEST_MAC, true /* hasIpv6 */);
+
+        // Get CLAT IPv6 address.
+        final Inet6Address clatIp6 = getClatIpv6Address(tester, tethered);
+
+        // Send an IPv4 UDP packet in original direction.
+        // IPv4 packet -- CLAT translation --> IPv6 packet
+        sendUploadPacketUdp(tethered.macAddr, tethered.routerMacAddr, tethered.ipv4Addr,
+                REMOTE_IP4_ADDR, tester, true /* is4To6 */);
+
+        // Send an IPv6 UDP packet in reply direction.
+        // IPv6 packet -- CLAT translation --> IPv4 packet
+        sendDownloadPacketUdp(REMOTE_NAT64_ADDR, clatIp6, tester, true /* is6To4 */);
+
+        // TODO: test CLAT bpf maps.
+    }
+
+    // TODO: support R device. See b/234727688.
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    public void testTetherClatUdp() throws Exception {
+        runClatUdpTest();
+    }
+
+    // PacketBuilder doesn't support IPv4 ICMP packet. It may need to refactor PacketBuilder first
+    // because ICMP is a specific layer 3 protocol for PacketBuilder which expects packets always
+    // have layer 3 (IP) and layer 4 (TCP, UDP) for now. Since we don't use IPv4 ICMP packet too
+    // much in this test, we just write a ICMP packet builder here.
+    // TODO: move ICMPv4 packet build function to common utilis.
+    @NonNull
+    private ByteBuffer buildIcmpEchoPacketV4(
+            @Nullable final MacAddress srcMac, @Nullable final MacAddress dstMac,
+            @NonNull final Inet4Address srcIp, @NonNull final Inet4Address dstIp,
+            int type, short id, short seq) throws Exception {
+        if (type != ICMP_ECHO && type != ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
+            fail("Unsupported ICMP type: " + type);
+        }
+
+        // Build ICMP echo id and seq fields as payload. Ignore the data field.
+        final ByteBuffer payload = ByteBuffer.allocate(4);
+        payload.putShort(id);
+        payload.putShort(seq);
+        payload.rewind();
+
+        final boolean hasEther = (srcMac != null && dstMac != null);
+        final int etherHeaderLen = hasEther ? Struct.getSize(EthernetHeader.class) : 0;
+        final int ipv4HeaderLen = Struct.getSize(Ipv4Header.class);
+        final int Icmpv4HeaderLen = Struct.getSize(Icmpv4Header.class);
+        final int payloadLen = payload.limit();
+        final ByteBuffer packet = ByteBuffer.allocate(etherHeaderLen + ipv4HeaderLen
+                + Icmpv4HeaderLen + payloadLen);
+
+        // [1] Ethernet header
+        if (hasEther) {
+            final EthernetHeader ethHeader = new EthernetHeader(dstMac, srcMac, ETHER_TYPE_IPV4);
+            ethHeader.writeToByteBuffer(packet);
+        }
+
+        // [2] IP header
+        final Ipv4Header ipv4Header = new Ipv4Header(TYPE_OF_SERVICE,
+                (short) 0 /* totalLength, calculate later */, ID,
+                FLAGS_AND_FRAGMENT_OFFSET, TIME_TO_LIVE, (byte) IPPROTO_ICMP,
+                (short) 0 /* checksum, calculate later */, srcIp, dstIp);
+        ipv4Header.writeToByteBuffer(packet);
+
+        // [3] ICMP header
+        final Icmpv4Header icmpv4Header = new Icmpv4Header((byte) type, ICMPECHO_CODE,
+                (short) 0 /* checksum, calculate later */);
+        icmpv4Header.writeToByteBuffer(packet);
+
+        // [4] Payload
+        packet.put(payload);
+        packet.flip();
+
+        // [5] Finalize packet
+        // Used for updating IP header fields. If there is Ehternet header, IPv4 header offset
+        // in buffer equals ethernet header length because IPv4 header is located next to ethernet
+        // header. Otherwise, IPv4 header offset is 0.
+        final int ipv4HeaderOffset = hasEther ? etherHeaderLen : 0;
+
+        // Populate the IPv4 totalLength field.
+        packet.putShort(ipv4HeaderOffset + IPV4_LENGTH_OFFSET,
+                (short) (ipv4HeaderLen + Icmpv4HeaderLen + payloadLen));
+
+        // Populate the IPv4 header checksum field.
+        packet.putShort(ipv4HeaderOffset + IPV4_CHECKSUM_OFFSET,
+                ipChecksum(packet, ipv4HeaderOffset /* headerOffset */));
+
+        // Populate the ICMP checksum field.
+        packet.putShort(ipv4HeaderOffset + IPV4_HEADER_MIN_LEN + ICMP_CHECKSUM_OFFSET,
+                icmpChecksum(packet, ipv4HeaderOffset + IPV4_HEADER_MIN_LEN,
+                        Icmpv4HeaderLen + payloadLen));
+        return packet;
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    private ByteBuffer buildIcmpEchoPacketV4(@NonNull final Inet4Address srcIp,
+            @NonNull final Inet4Address dstIp, int type, short id, short seq)
+            throws Exception {
+        return buildIcmpEchoPacketV4(null /* srcMac */, null /* dstMac */, srcIp, dstIp,
+                type, id, seq);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIcmpv4Echo() throws Exception {
+        final TetheringTester tester = initTetheringTester(toList(TEST_IP4_ADDR),
+                toList(TEST_IP4_DNS));
+        final TetheredDevice tethered = tester.createTetheredDevice(TEST_MAC, false /* hasIpv6 */);
+
+        // TODO: remove the connectivity verification for upstream connected notification race.
+        // See the same reason in runUdp4Test().
+        probeV4TetheringConnectivity(tester, tethered, false /* is4To6 */);
+
+        final ByteBuffer request = buildIcmpEchoPacketV4(tethered.macAddr /* srcMac */,
+                tethered.routerMacAddr /* dstMac */, tethered.ipv4Addr /* srcIp */,
+                REMOTE_IP4_ADDR /* dstIp */, ICMP_ECHO, ICMPECHO_ID, ICMPECHO_SEQ);
+        tester.verifyUpload(request, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in upstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
+
+            return isExpectedIcmpPacket(p, false /* hasEth */, true /* isIpv4 */, ICMP_ECHO);
+        });
+
+        final ByteBuffer reply = buildIcmpEchoPacketV4(REMOTE_IP4_ADDR /* srcIp*/,
+                (Inet4Address) TEST_IP4_ADDR.getAddress() /* dstIp */, ICMP_ECHOREPLY, ICMPECHO_ID,
+                ICMPECHO_SEQ);
+        tester.verifyDownload(reply, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in downstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
+
+            return isExpectedIcmpPacket(p, true /* hasEth */, true /* isIpv4 */, ICMP_ECHOREPLY);
+        });
+    }
+
+    // TODO: support R device. See b/234727688.
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    public void testTetherClatIcmp() throws Exception {
+        // CLAT only starts on IPv6 only network.
+        final TetheringTester tester = initTetheringTester(toList(TEST_IP6_ADDR),
+                toList(TEST_IP6_DNS));
+        final TetheredDevice tethered = tester.createTetheredDevice(TEST_MAC, true /* hasIpv6 */);
+
+        // Get CLAT IPv6 address.
+        final Inet6Address clatIp6 = getClatIpv6Address(tester, tethered);
+
+        // Send an IPv4 ICMP packet in original direction.
+        // IPv4 packet -- CLAT translation --> IPv6 packet
+        final ByteBuffer request = buildIcmpEchoPacketV4(tethered.macAddr /* srcMac */,
+                tethered.routerMacAddr /* dstMac */, tethered.ipv4Addr /* srcIp */,
+                (Inet4Address) REMOTE_IP4_ADDR /* dstIp */, ICMP_ECHO, ICMPECHO_ID, ICMPECHO_SEQ);
+        tester.verifyUpload(request, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in upstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
+
+            return isExpectedIcmpPacket(p, false /* hasEth */, false /* isIpv4 */,
+                    ICMPV6_ECHO_REQUEST_TYPE);
+        });
+
+        // Send an IPv6 ICMP packet in reply direction.
+        // IPv6 packet -- CLAT translation --> IPv4 packet
+        final ByteBuffer reply = Ipv6Utils.buildEchoReplyPacket(
+                (Inet6Address) REMOTE_NAT64_ADDR /* srcIp */, clatIp6 /* dstIp */);
+        tester.verifyDownload(reply, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in downstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
+
+            return isExpectedIcmpPacket(p, true /* hasEth */, true /* isIpv4 */, ICMP_ECHOREPLY);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    private ByteBuffer buildDnsReplyMessageById(short id) {
+        byte[] replyMessage = Arrays.copyOf(DNS_REPLY, DNS_REPLY.length);
+        // Assign transaction id of reply message pattern with a given DNS transaction id.
+        replyMessage[0] = (byte) ((id >> 8) & 0xff);
+        replyMessage[1] = (byte) (id & 0xff);
+        Log.d(TAG, "Built DNS reply: " + dumpHexString(replyMessage));
+
+        return ByteBuffer.wrap(replyMessage);
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    private void sendDownloadPacketDnsV4(@NonNull final Inet4Address srcIp,
+            @NonNull final Inet4Address dstIp, short srcPort, short dstPort, short dnsId,
+            @NonNull final TetheringTester tester) throws Exception {
+        // DNS response transaction id must be copied from DNS query. Used by the requester
+        // to match up replies to outstanding queries. See RFC 1035 section 4.1.1.
+        final ByteBuffer dnsReplyMessage = buildDnsReplyMessageById(dnsId);
+        final ByteBuffer testPacket = buildUdpPacket((InetAddress) srcIp,
+                (InetAddress) dstIp, srcPort, dstPort, dnsReplyMessage);
+
+        tester.verifyDownload(testPacket, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in downstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
+            return isExpectedUdpDnsPacket(p, true /* hasEther */, true /* isIpv4 */,
+                    dnsReplyMessage);
+        });
+    }
+
+    // Send IPv4 UDP DNS packet and return the forwarded DNS packet on upstream.
+    @NonNull
+    private byte[] sendUploadPacketDnsV4(@NonNull final MacAddress srcMac,
+            @NonNull final MacAddress dstMac, @NonNull final Inet4Address srcIp,
+            @NonNull final Inet4Address dstIp, short srcPort, short dstPort,
+            @NonNull final TetheringTester tester) throws Exception {
+        final ByteBuffer testPacket = buildUdpPacket(srcMac, dstMac, srcIp, dstIp,
+                srcPort, dstPort, DNS_QUERY);
+
+        return tester.verifyUpload(testPacket, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in upstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
+            return isExpectedUdpDnsPacket(p, false /* hasEther */, true /* isIpv4 */,
+                    DNS_QUERY);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testTetherUdpV4Dns() throws Exception {
+        final TetheringTester tester = initTetheringTester(toList(TEST_IP4_ADDR),
+                toList(TEST_IP4_DNS));
+        final TetheredDevice tethered = tester.createTetheredDevice(TEST_MAC, false /* hasIpv6 */);
+
+        // TODO: remove the connectivity verification for upstream connected notification race.
+        // See the same reason in runUdp4Test().
+        probeV4TetheringConnectivity(tester, tethered, false /* is4To6 */);
+
+        // [1] Send DNS query.
+        // tethered device --> downstream --> dnsmasq forwarding --> upstream --> DNS server
+        //
+        // Need to extract DNS transaction id and source port from dnsmasq forwarded DNS query
+        // packet. dnsmasq forwarding creats new query which means UDP source port and DNS
+        // transaction id are changed from original sent DNS query. See forward_query() in
+        // external/dnsmasq/src/forward.c. Note that #TetheringTester.isExpectedUdpDnsPacket
+        // guarantees that |forwardedQueryPacket| is a valid DNS packet. So we can parse it as DNS
+        // packet.
+        final MacAddress srcMac = tethered.macAddr;
+        final MacAddress dstMac = tethered.routerMacAddr;
+        final Inet4Address clientIp = tethered.ipv4Addr;
+        final Inet4Address gatewayIp = tethered.ipv4Gatway;
+        final byte[] forwardedQueryPacket = sendUploadPacketDnsV4(srcMac, dstMac, clientIp,
+                gatewayIp, LOCAL_PORT, DNS_PORT, tester);
+        final ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(forwardedQueryPacket);
+        Struct.parse(Ipv4Header.class, buf);
+        final UdpHeader udpHeader = Struct.parse(UdpHeader.class, buf);
+        final TestDnsPacket dnsQuery = TestDnsPacket.getTestDnsPacket(buf);
+        assertNotNull(dnsQuery);
+        Log.d(TAG, "Forwarded UDP source port: " + udpHeader.srcPort + ", DNS query id: "
+                + dnsQuery.getHeader().getId());
+
+        // [2] Send DNS reply.
+        // DNS server --> upstream --> dnsmasq forwarding --> downstream --> tethered device
+        //
+        // DNS reply transaction id must be copied from DNS query. Used by the requester to match
+        // up replies to outstanding queries. See RFC 1035 section 4.1.1.
+        final Inet4Address remoteIp = (Inet4Address) TEST_IP4_DNS;
+        final Inet4Address tetheringUpstreamIp = (Inet4Address) TEST_IP4_ADDR.getAddress();
+        sendDownloadPacketDnsV4(remoteIp, tetheringUpstreamIp, DNS_PORT,
+                (short) udpHeader.srcPort, (short) dnsQuery.getHeader().getId(), tester);
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    private ByteBuffer buildTcpPacket(
+            @Nullable final MacAddress srcMac, @Nullable final MacAddress dstMac,
+            @NonNull final InetAddress srcIp, @NonNull final InetAddress dstIp,
+            short srcPort, short dstPort, final short seq, final short ack,
+            final byte tcpFlags, @NonNull final ByteBuffer payload) throws Exception {
+        final int ipProto = getIpProto(srcIp, dstIp);
+        final boolean hasEther = (srcMac != null && dstMac != null);
+        final ByteBuffer buffer = PacketBuilder.allocate(hasEther, ipProto, IPPROTO_TCP,
+                payload.limit());
+        final PacketBuilder packetBuilder = new PacketBuilder(buffer);
+
+        // [1] Ethernet header
+        if (hasEther) {
+            packetBuilder.writeL2Header(srcMac, dstMac, getEthType(srcIp, dstIp));
+        }
+
+        // [2] IP header
+        if (ipProto == IPPROTO_IP) {
+            packetBuilder.writeIpv4Header(TYPE_OF_SERVICE, ID, FLAGS_AND_FRAGMENT_OFFSET,
+                    TIME_TO_LIVE, (byte) IPPROTO_TCP, (Inet4Address) srcIp, (Inet4Address) dstIp);
+        } else {
+            packetBuilder.writeIpv6Header(VERSION_TRAFFICCLASS_FLOWLABEL, (byte) IPPROTO_TCP,
+                    HOP_LIMIT, (Inet6Address) srcIp, (Inet6Address) dstIp);
+        }
+
+        // [3] TCP header
+        packetBuilder.writeTcpHeader(srcPort, dstPort, seq, ack, tcpFlags, WINDOW, URGENT_POINTER);
+
+        // [4] Payload
+        buffer.put(payload);
+        // in case data might be reused by caller, restore the position and
+        // limit of bytebuffer.
+        payload.clear();
+
+        return packetBuilder.finalizePacket();
+    }
+
+    private void sendDownloadPacketTcp(@NonNull final InetAddress srcIp,
+            @NonNull final InetAddress dstIp, short seq, short ack, byte tcpFlags,
+            @NonNull final ByteBuffer payload, @NonNull final TetheringTester tester,
+            boolean is6To4) throws Exception {
+        if (is6To4) {
+            assertFalse("CLAT download test must sends IPv6 packet", isAddressIpv4(srcIp, dstIp));
+        }
+
+        // Expected received TCP packet IP protocol. While testing CLAT (is6To4 = true), the packet
+        // on downstream must be IPv4. Otherwise, the IP protocol of test packet is the same on
+        // both downstream and upstream.
+        final boolean isIpv4 = is6To4 ? true : isAddressIpv4(srcIp, dstIp);
+
+        final ByteBuffer testPacket = buildTcpPacket(null /* srcMac */, null /* dstMac */,
+                srcIp, dstIp, REMOTE_PORT /* srcPort */, LOCAL_PORT /* dstPort */, seq, ack,
+                tcpFlags, payload);
+        tester.verifyDownload(testPacket, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in downstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
+
+            return isExpectedTcpPacket(p, true /* hasEther */, isIpv4, seq, payload);
+        });
+    }
+
+    private void sendUploadPacketTcp(@NonNull final MacAddress srcMac,
+            @NonNull final MacAddress dstMac, @NonNull final InetAddress srcIp,
+            @NonNull final InetAddress dstIp, short seq, short ack, byte tcpFlags,
+            @NonNull final ByteBuffer payload, @NonNull final TetheringTester tester,
+            boolean is4To6) throws Exception {
+        if (is4To6) {
+            assertTrue("CLAT upload test must sends IPv4 packet", isAddressIpv4(srcIp, dstIp));
+        }
+
+        // Expected received TCP packet IP protocol. While testing CLAT (is4To6 = true), the packet
+        // on upstream must be IPv6. Otherwise, the IP protocol of test packet is the same on
+        // both downstream and upstream.
+        final boolean isIpv4 = is4To6 ? false : isAddressIpv4(srcIp, dstIp);
+
+        final ByteBuffer testPacket = buildTcpPacket(srcMac, dstMac, srcIp, dstIp,
+                LOCAL_PORT /* srcPort */, REMOTE_PORT /* dstPort */, seq, ack, tcpFlags,
+                payload);
+        tester.verifyUpload(testPacket, p -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Packet in upstream: " + dumpHexString(p));
+
+            return isExpectedTcpPacket(p, false /* hasEther */, isIpv4, seq, payload);
+        });
+    }
+
+    void runTcpTest(
+            @NonNull final MacAddress uploadSrcMac, @NonNull final MacAddress uploadDstMac,
+            @NonNull final InetAddress uploadSrcIp, @NonNull final InetAddress uploadDstIp,
+            @NonNull final InetAddress downloadSrcIp, @NonNull final InetAddress downloadDstIp,
+            @NonNull final TetheringTester tester, boolean isClat) throws Exception {
+        // Three way handshake and data transfer.
+        //
+        // Server (base seq = 2000)                                  Client (base seq = 1000)
+        //   |                                                          |
+        //   |    [1] [SYN] SEQ = 1000                                  |
+        //   |<---------------------------------------------------------|  -
+        //   |                                                          |  ^
+        //   |    [2] [SYN + ACK] SEQ = 2000, ACK = 1000+1              |  |
+        //   |--------------------------------------------------------->|  three way handshake
+        //   |                                                          |  |
+        //   |    [3] [ACK] SEQ = 1001, ACK = 2000+1                    |  v
+        //   |<---------------------------------------------------------|  -
+        //   |                                                          |  ^
+        //   |    [4] [ACK] SEQ = 1001, ACK = 2001, 2 byte payload      |  |
+        //   |<---------------------------------------------------------|  data transfer
+        //   |                                                          |  |
+        //   |    [5] [ACK] SEQ = 2001, ACK = 1001+2, 2 byte payload    |  v
+        //   |--------------------------------------------------------->|  -
+        //   |                                                          |
+        //
+
+        // This test can only verify the packets are transferred end to end but TCP state.
+        // TODO: verify TCP state change via /proc/net/nf_conntrack or netlink conntrack event.
+        // [1] [UPLOAD] [SYN]: SEQ = 1000
+        sendUploadPacketTcp(uploadSrcMac, uploadDstMac, uploadSrcIp, uploadDstIp,
+                (short) 1000 /* seq */, (short) 0 /* ack */, TCPHDR_SYN, EMPTY_PAYLOAD,
+                tester, isClat /* is4To6 */);
+
+        // [2] [DONWLOAD] [SYN + ACK]: SEQ = 2000, ACK = 1001
+        sendDownloadPacketTcp(downloadSrcIp, downloadDstIp, (short) 2000 /* seq */,
+                (short) 1001 /* ack */, (byte) ((TCPHDR_SYN | TCPHDR_ACK) & 0xff), EMPTY_PAYLOAD,
+                tester, isClat /* is6To4 */);
+
+        // [3] [UPLOAD] [ACK]: SEQ = 1001, ACK = 2001
+        sendUploadPacketTcp(uploadSrcMac, uploadDstMac, uploadSrcIp, uploadDstIp,
+                (short) 1001 /* seq */, (short) 2001 /* ack */, TCPHDR_ACK, EMPTY_PAYLOAD, tester,
+                isClat /* is4To6 */);
+
+        // [4] [UPLOAD] [ACK]: SEQ = 1001, ACK = 2001, 2 byte payload
+        sendUploadPacketTcp(uploadSrcMac, uploadDstMac, uploadSrcIp, uploadDstIp,
+                (short) 1001 /* seq */, (short) 2001 /* ack */, TCPHDR_ACK, TX_PAYLOAD,
+                tester, isClat /* is4To6 */);
+
+        // [5] [DONWLOAD] [ACK]: SEQ = 2001, ACK = 1003, 2 byte payload
+        sendDownloadPacketTcp(downloadSrcIp, downloadDstIp, (short) 2001 /* seq */,
+                (short) 1003 /* ack */, TCPHDR_ACK, RX_PAYLOAD, tester, isClat /* is6To4 */);
+
+        // TODO: test BPF offload maps.
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testTetherTcpV4() throws Exception {
+        final TetheringTester tester = initTetheringTester(toList(TEST_IP4_ADDR),
+                toList(TEST_IP4_DNS));
+        final TetheredDevice tethered = tester.createTetheredDevice(TEST_MAC, false /* hasIpv6 */);
+
+        // TODO: remove the connectivity verification for upstream connected notification race.
+        // See the same reason in runUdp4Test().
+        probeV4TetheringConnectivity(tester, tethered, false /* is4To6 */);
+
+        runTcpTest(tethered.macAddr /* uploadSrcMac */, tethered.routerMacAddr /* uploadDstMac */,
+                tethered.ipv4Addr /* uploadSrcIp */, REMOTE_IP4_ADDR /* uploadDstIp */,
+                REMOTE_IP4_ADDR /* downloadSrcIp */, TEST_IP4_ADDR.getAddress() /* downloadDstIp */,
+                tester, false /* isClat */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testTetherTcpV6() throws Exception {
+        final TetheringTester tester = initTetheringTester(toList(TEST_IP6_ADDR),
+                toList(TEST_IP6_DNS));
+        final TetheredDevice tethered = tester.createTetheredDevice(TEST_MAC, true /* hasIpv6 */);
+
+        runTcpTest(tethered.macAddr /* uploadSrcMac */, tethered.routerMacAddr /* uploadDstMac */,
+                tethered.ipv6Addr /* uploadSrcIp */, REMOTE_IP6_ADDR /* uploadDstIp */,
+                REMOTE_IP6_ADDR /* downloadSrcIp */, tethered.ipv6Addr /* downloadDstIp */,
+                tester, false /* isClat */);
+    }
+
+    // TODO: support R device. See b/234727688.
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    public void testTetherClatTcp() throws Exception {
+        // CLAT only starts on IPv6 only network.
+        final TetheringTester tester = initTetheringTester(toList(TEST_IP6_ADDR),
+                toList(TEST_IP6_DNS));
+        final TetheredDevice tethered = tester.createTetheredDevice(TEST_MAC, true /* hasIpv6 */);
+
+        // Get CLAT IPv6 address.
+        final Inet6Address clatIp6 = getClatIpv6Address(tester, tethered);
+
+        runTcpTest(tethered.macAddr /* uploadSrcMac */, tethered.routerMacAddr /* uploadDstMac */,
+                tethered.ipv4Addr /* uploadSrcIp */, REMOTE_IP4_ADDR /* uploadDstIp */,
+                REMOTE_NAT64_ADDR /* downloadSrcIp */, clatIp6 /* downloadDstIp */,
+                tester, true /* isClat */);
+    }
+
     private <T> List<T> toList(T... array) {
         return Arrays.asList(array);
     }
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/integration/src/android/net/TetheringTester.java b/Tethering/tests/integration/src/android/net/TetheringTester.java
index d24661a..ae39b24 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/integration/src/android/net/TetheringTester.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/integration/src/android/net/TetheringTester.java
@@ -16,10 +16,32 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import static android.net.InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_ICMP;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_TCP;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP;
+
+import static com.android.net.module.util.DnsPacket.ANSECTION;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.DnsPacket.ARSECTION;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.DnsPacket.NSSECTION;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.DnsPacket.QDSECTION;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.HexDump.dumpHexString;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ARP_REPLY;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ARP_REQUEST;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_ADDR_LEN;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_BROADCAST;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_TYPE_IPV4;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_TYPE_IPV6;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ICMPV6_ND_OPTION_PIO;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ICMPV6_ND_OPTION_SLLA;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ICMPV6_ND_OPTION_TLLA;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ICMPV6_NEIGHBOR_SOLICITATION;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ICMPV6_ROUTER_ADVERTISEMENT;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.IPV6_ADDR_ALL_NODES_MULTICAST;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.NEIGHBOR_ADVERTISEMENT_FLAG_OVERRIDE;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.NEIGHBOR_ADVERTISEMENT_FLAG_SOLICITED;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.TCPHDR_SYN;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
@@ -27,16 +49,37 @@
 import android.net.dhcp.DhcpAckPacket;
 import android.net.dhcp.DhcpOfferPacket;
 import android.net.dhcp.DhcpPacket;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.ArrayMap;
 import android.util.Log;
 
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
+import com.android.net.module.util.DnsPacket;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Ipv6Utils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.EthernetHeader;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.Icmpv4Header;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.Icmpv6Header;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.Ipv4Header;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.Ipv6Header;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.LlaOption;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.NsHeader;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.PrefixInformationOption;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.RaHeader;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.TcpHeader;
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.UdpHeader;
 import com.android.networkstack.arp.ArpPacket;
 import com.android.testutils.TapPacketReader;
 
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Random;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
@@ -48,33 +91,42 @@
  */
 public final class TetheringTester {
     private static final String TAG = TetheringTester.class.getSimpleName();
-    private static final int PACKET_READ_TIMEOUT_MS = 100;
+    private static final int PACKET_READ_TIMEOUT_MS = 500;
     private static final int DHCP_DISCOVER_ATTEMPTS = 10;
+    private static final int READ_RA_ATTEMPTS = 10;
     private static final byte[] DHCP_REQUESTED_PARAMS = new byte[] {
             DhcpPacket.DHCP_SUBNET_MASK,
             DhcpPacket.DHCP_ROUTER,
             DhcpPacket.DHCP_DNS_SERVER,
             DhcpPacket.DHCP_LEASE_TIME,
     };
+    private static final InetAddress LINK_LOCAL = parseNumericAddress("fe80::1");
 
     public static final String DHCP_HOSTNAME = "testhostname";
 
     private final ArrayMap<MacAddress, TetheredDevice> mTetheredDevices;
     private final TapPacketReader mDownstreamReader;
+    private final TapPacketReader mUpstreamReader;
 
     public TetheringTester(TapPacketReader downstream) {
+        this(downstream, null);
+    }
+
+    public TetheringTester(TapPacketReader downstream, TapPacketReader upstream) {
         if (downstream == null) fail("Downstream reader could not be NULL");
 
         mDownstreamReader = downstream;
+        mUpstreamReader = upstream;
         mTetheredDevices = new ArrayMap<>();
     }
 
-    public TetheredDevice createTetheredDevice(MacAddress macAddr) throws Exception {
+    public TetheredDevice createTetheredDevice(MacAddress macAddr, boolean hasIpv6)
+            throws Exception {
         if (mTetheredDevices.get(macAddr) != null) {
             fail("Tethered device already created");
         }
 
-        TetheredDevice tethered = new TetheredDevice(macAddr);
+        TetheredDevice tethered = new TetheredDevice(macAddr, hasIpv6);
         mTetheredDevices.put(macAddr, tethered);
 
         return tethered;
@@ -84,14 +136,17 @@
         public final MacAddress macAddr;
         public final MacAddress routerMacAddr;
         public final Inet4Address ipv4Addr;
+        public final Inet4Address ipv4Gatway;
+        public final Inet6Address ipv6Addr;
 
-        private TetheredDevice(MacAddress mac) throws Exception {
+        private TetheredDevice(MacAddress mac, boolean hasIpv6) throws Exception {
             macAddr = mac;
-
             DhcpResults dhcpResults = runDhcp(macAddr.toByteArray());
             ipv4Addr = (Inet4Address) dhcpResults.ipAddress.getAddress();
+            ipv4Gatway = (Inet4Address) dhcpResults.gateway;
             routerMacAddr = getRouterMacAddressFromArp(ipv4Addr, macAddr,
                     dhcpResults.serverAddress);
+            ipv6Addr = hasIpv6 ? runSlaac(macAddr, routerMacAddr) : null;
         }
     }
 
@@ -141,7 +196,7 @@
     }
 
     private DhcpPacket getNextDhcpPacket() throws Exception {
-        final byte[] packet = getNextMatchedPacket((p) -> {
+        final byte[] packet = getDownloadPacket((p) -> {
             // Test whether this is DHCP packet.
             try {
                 DhcpPacket.decodeFullPacket(p, p.length, DhcpPacket.ENCAP_L2);
@@ -184,7 +239,7 @@
                     tethered.ipv4Addr.getAddress() /* sender IP */,
                     (short) ARP_REPLY);
             try {
-                sendPacket(arpReply);
+                sendUploadPacket(arpReply);
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 fail("Failed to reply ARP for " + tethered.ipv4Addr);
             }
@@ -198,9 +253,9 @@
                 tetherMac.toByteArray() /* srcMac */, routerIp.getAddress() /* target IP */,
                 new byte[ETHER_ADDR_LEN] /* target HW address */,
                 tetherIp.getAddress() /* sender IP */, (short) ARP_REQUEST);
-        sendPacket(arpProbe);
+        sendUploadPacket(arpProbe);
 
-        final byte[] packet = getNextMatchedPacket((p) -> {
+        final byte[] packet = getDownloadPacket((p) -> {
             final ArpPacket arpPacket = parseArpPacket(p);
             if (arpPacket == null || arpPacket.opCode != ARP_REPLY) return false;
             return arpPacket.targetIp.equals(tetherIp);
@@ -216,45 +271,413 @@
         return null;
     }
 
-    public void sendPacket(ByteBuffer packet) throws Exception {
+    private List<PrefixInformationOption> getRaPrefixOptions(byte[] packet) {
+        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(packet);
+        if (!isExpectedIcmpPacket(buf, true /* hasEth */, false /* isIpv4 */,
+                ICMPV6_ROUTER_ADVERTISEMENT)) {
+            fail("Parsing RA packet fail");
+        }
+
+        Struct.parse(RaHeader.class, buf);
+        final ArrayList<PrefixInformationOption> pioList = new ArrayList<>();
+        while (buf.position() < packet.length) {
+            final int currentPos = buf.position();
+            final int type = Byte.toUnsignedInt(buf.get());
+            final int length = Byte.toUnsignedInt(buf.get());
+            if (type == ICMPV6_ND_OPTION_PIO) {
+                final ByteBuffer pioBuf = ByteBuffer.wrap(buf.array(), currentPos,
+                        Struct.getSize(PrefixInformationOption.class));
+                final PrefixInformationOption pio =
+                        Struct.parse(PrefixInformationOption.class, pioBuf);
+                pioList.add(pio);
+
+                // Move ByteBuffer position to the next option.
+                buf.position(currentPos + Struct.getSize(PrefixInformationOption.class));
+            } else {
+                buf.position(currentPos + (length * 8));
+            }
+        }
+        return pioList;
+    }
+
+    private Inet6Address runSlaac(MacAddress srcMac, MacAddress dstMac) throws Exception {
+        sendRsPacket(srcMac, dstMac);
+
+        final byte[] raPacket = verifyPacketNotNull("Receive RA fail", getDownloadPacket(p -> {
+            return isExpectedIcmpPacket(p, true /* hasEth */, false /* isIpv4 */,
+                    ICMPV6_ROUTER_ADVERTISEMENT);
+        }));
+
+        final List<PrefixInformationOption> options = getRaPrefixOptions(raPacket);
+
+        for (PrefixInformationOption pio : options) {
+            if (pio.validLifetime > 0) {
+                final byte[] addressBytes = pio.prefix;
+                // Random the last two bytes as suffix.
+                // TODO: Currently do not implmement DAD in the test. Rely the gateway ipv6 address
+                // genetrated by tethering module always has random the last byte.
+                addressBytes[addressBytes.length - 1] = (byte) (new Random()).nextInt();
+                addressBytes[addressBytes.length - 2] = (byte) (new Random()).nextInt();
+
+                return (Inet6Address) InetAddress.getByAddress(addressBytes);
+            }
+        }
+
+        fail("No available ipv6 prefix");
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private void sendRsPacket(MacAddress srcMac, MacAddress dstMac) throws Exception {
+        Log.d(TAG, "Sending RS");
+        ByteBuffer slla = LlaOption.build((byte) ICMPV6_ND_OPTION_SLLA, srcMac);
+        ByteBuffer rs = Ipv6Utils.buildRsPacket(srcMac, dstMac, (Inet6Address) LINK_LOCAL,
+                IPV6_ADDR_ALL_NODES_MULTICAST, slla);
+
+        sendUploadPacket(rs);
+    }
+
+    private void maybeReplyNa(byte[] packet) {
+        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(packet);
+        final EthernetHeader ethHdr = Struct.parse(EthernetHeader.class, buf);
+        if (ethHdr.etherType != ETHER_TYPE_IPV6) return;
+
+        final Ipv6Header ipv6Hdr = Struct.parse(Ipv6Header.class, buf);
+        if (ipv6Hdr.nextHeader != (byte) IPPROTO_ICMPV6) return;
+
+        final Icmpv6Header icmpv6Hdr = Struct.parse(Icmpv6Header.class, buf);
+        if (icmpv6Hdr.type != (short) ICMPV6_NEIGHBOR_SOLICITATION) return;
+
+        final NsHeader nsHdr = Struct.parse(NsHeader.class, buf);
+        for (int i = 0; i < mTetheredDevices.size(); i++) {
+            TetheredDevice tethered = mTetheredDevices.valueAt(i);
+            if (!nsHdr.target.equals(tethered.ipv6Addr)) continue;
+
+            final ByteBuffer tlla = LlaOption.build((byte) ICMPV6_ND_OPTION_TLLA, tethered.macAddr);
+            int flags = NEIGHBOR_ADVERTISEMENT_FLAG_SOLICITED
+                    | NEIGHBOR_ADVERTISEMENT_FLAG_OVERRIDE;
+            ByteBuffer ns = Ipv6Utils.buildNaPacket(tethered.macAddr, tethered.routerMacAddr,
+                    nsHdr.target, ipv6Hdr.srcIp, flags, nsHdr.target, tlla);
+            try {
+                sendUploadPacket(ns);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                fail("Failed to reply NA for " + tethered.ipv6Addr);
+            }
+
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static boolean isExpectedIcmpPacket(byte[] packet, boolean hasEth, boolean isIpv4,
+            int type) {
+        final ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(packet);
+        return isExpectedIcmpPacket(buf, hasEth, isIpv4, type);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isExpectedIcmpPacket(ByteBuffer buf, boolean hasEth, boolean isIpv4,
+            int type) {
+        try {
+            if (hasEth && !hasExpectedEtherHeader(buf, isIpv4)) return false;
+
+            final int ipProto = isIpv4 ? IPPROTO_ICMP : IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
+            if (!hasExpectedIpHeader(buf, isIpv4, ipProto)) return false;
+
+            if (isIpv4) {
+                return Struct.parse(Icmpv4Header.class, buf).type == (short) type;
+            } else {
+                return Struct.parse(Icmpv6Header.class, buf).type == (short) type;
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Parsing packet fail means it is not icmp packet.
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean hasExpectedEtherHeader(@NonNull final ByteBuffer buf, boolean isIpv4)
+            throws Exception {
+        final int expected = isIpv4 ? ETHER_TYPE_IPV4 : ETHER_TYPE_IPV6;
+
+        return Struct.parse(EthernetHeader.class, buf).etherType == expected;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean hasExpectedIpHeader(@NonNull final ByteBuffer buf, boolean isIpv4,
+            int ipProto) throws Exception {
+        if (isIpv4) {
+            return Struct.parse(Ipv4Header.class, buf).protocol == (byte) ipProto;
+        } else {
+            return Struct.parse(Ipv6Header.class, buf).nextHeader == (byte) ipProto;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isExpectedUdpPacket(@NonNull final byte[] rawPacket, boolean hasEth,
+            boolean isIpv4, Predicate<ByteBuffer> payloadVerifier) {
+        final ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(rawPacket);
+        try {
+            if (hasEth && !hasExpectedEtherHeader(buf, isIpv4)) return false;
+
+            if (!hasExpectedIpHeader(buf, isIpv4, IPPROTO_UDP)) return false;
+
+            if (Struct.parse(UdpHeader.class, buf) == null) return false;
+
+            if (!payloadVerifier.test(buf)) return false;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Parsing packet fail means it is not udp packet.
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Returns remaining bytes in the ByteBuffer in a new byte array of the right size. The
+    // ByteBuffer will be empty upon return. Used to avoid lint warning.
+    // See https://errorprone.info/bugpattern/ByteBufferBackingArray
+    private static byte[] getRemaining(final ByteBuffer buf) {
+        final byte[] bytes = new byte[buf.remaining()];
+        buf.get(bytes);
+        Log.d(TAG, "Get remaining bytes: " + dumpHexString(bytes));
+        return bytes;
+    }
+
+    // |expectedPayload| is copied as read-only because the caller may reuse it.
+    public static boolean isExpectedUdpPacket(@NonNull final byte[] rawPacket, boolean hasEth,
+            boolean isIpv4, @NonNull final ByteBuffer expectedPayload) {
+        return isExpectedUdpPacket(rawPacket, hasEth, isIpv4, p -> {
+            if (p.remaining() != expectedPayload.limit()) return false;
+
+            return Arrays.equals(getRemaining(p), getRemaining(
+                    expectedPayload.asReadOnlyBuffer()));
+        });
+    }
+
+    // |expectedPayload| is copied as read-only because the caller may reuse it.
+    // See hasExpectedDnsMessage.
+    public static boolean isExpectedUdpDnsPacket(@NonNull final byte[] rawPacket, boolean hasEth,
+            boolean isIpv4, @NonNull final ByteBuffer expectedPayload) {
+        return isExpectedUdpPacket(rawPacket, hasEth, isIpv4, p -> {
+            return hasExpectedDnsMessage(p, expectedPayload);
+        });
+    }
+
+    public static class TestDnsPacket extends DnsPacket {
+        TestDnsPacket(byte[] data) throws DnsPacket.ParseException {
+            super(data);
+        }
+
+        @Nullable
+        public static TestDnsPacket getTestDnsPacket(final ByteBuffer buf) {
+            try {
+                // The ByteBuffer will be empty upon return.
+                return new TestDnsPacket(getRemaining(buf));
+            } catch (DnsPacket.ParseException e) {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public DnsHeader getHeader() {
+            return mHeader;
+        }
+
+        public List<DnsRecord> getRecordList(int secType) {
+            return mRecords[secType];
+        }
+
+        public int getANCount() {
+            return mHeader.getRecordCount(ANSECTION);
+        }
+
+        public int getQDCount() {
+            return mHeader.getRecordCount(QDSECTION);
+        }
+
+        public int getNSCount() {
+            return mHeader.getRecordCount(NSSECTION);
+        }
+
+        public int getARCount() {
+            return mHeader.getRecordCount(ARSECTION);
+        }
+
+        private boolean isRecordsEquals(int type, @NonNull final TestDnsPacket other) {
+            List<DnsRecord> records = getRecordList(type);
+            List<DnsRecord> otherRecords = other.getRecordList(type);
+
+            if (records.size() != otherRecords.size()) return false;
+
+            // Expect that two compared resource records are in the same order. For current tests
+            // in EthernetTetheringTest, it is okay because dnsmasq doesn't reorder the forwarded
+            // resource records.
+            // TODO: consider allowing that compare records out of order.
+            for (int i = 0; i < records.size(); i++) {
+                // TODO: use DnsRecord.equals once aosp/1387135 is merged.
+                if (!TextUtils.equals(records.get(i).dName, otherRecords.get(i).dName)
+                        || records.get(i).nsType != otherRecords.get(i).nsType
+                        || records.get(i).nsClass != otherRecords.get(i).nsClass
+                        || records.get(i).ttl != otherRecords.get(i).ttl
+                        || !Arrays.equals(records.get(i).getRR(), otherRecords.get(i).getRR())) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        public boolean isQDRecordsEquals(@NonNull final TestDnsPacket other) {
+            return isRecordsEquals(QDSECTION, other);
+        }
+
+        public boolean isANRecordsEquals(@NonNull final TestDnsPacket other) {
+            return isRecordsEquals(ANSECTION, other);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // The ByteBuffer |actual| will be empty upon return. The ByteBuffer |excepted| will be copied
+    // as read-only because the caller may reuse it.
+    private static boolean hasExpectedDnsMessage(@NonNull final ByteBuffer actual,
+            @NonNull final ByteBuffer excepted) {
+        // Forwarded DNS message is extracted from remaining received packet buffer which has
+        // already parsed ethernet header, if any, IP header and UDP header.
+        final TestDnsPacket forwardedDns = TestDnsPacket.getTestDnsPacket(actual);
+        if (forwardedDns == null) return false;
+
+        // Original DNS message is the payload of the sending test UDP packet. It is used to check
+        // that the forwarded DNS query and reply have corresponding contents.
+        final TestDnsPacket originalDns = TestDnsPacket.getTestDnsPacket(
+                excepted.asReadOnlyBuffer());
+        assertNotNull(originalDns);
+
+        // Compare original DNS message which is sent to dnsmasq and forwarded DNS message which
+        // is forwarded by dnsmasq. The original message and forwarded message may be not identical
+        // because dnsmasq may change the header flags or even recreate the DNS query message and
+        // so on. We only simple check on forwarded packet and monitor if test will be broken by
+        // vendor dnsmasq customization. See forward_query() in external/dnsmasq/src/forward.c.
+        //
+        // DNS message format. See rfc1035 section 4.1.
+        // +---------------------+
+        // |        Header       |
+        // +---------------------+
+        // |       Question      | the question for the name server
+        // +---------------------+
+        // |        Answer       | RRs answering the question
+        // +---------------------+
+        // |      Authority      | RRs pointing toward an authority
+        // +---------------------+
+        // |      Additional     | RRs holding additional information
+        // +---------------------+
+
+        // [1] Header section. See rfc1035 section 4.1.1.
+        // Verify QR flag bit, QDCOUNT, ANCOUNT, NSCOUNT, ARCOUNT.
+        if (originalDns.getHeader().isResponse() != forwardedDns.getHeader().isResponse()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (originalDns.getQDCount() != forwardedDns.getQDCount()) return false;
+        if (originalDns.getANCount() != forwardedDns.getANCount()) return false;
+        if (originalDns.getNSCount() != forwardedDns.getNSCount()) return false;
+        if (originalDns.getARCount() != forwardedDns.getARCount()) return false;
+
+        // [2] Question section. See rfc1035 section 4.1.2.
+        // Question section has at least one entry either DNS query or DNS reply.
+        if (forwardedDns.getRecordList(QDSECTION).isEmpty()) return false;
+        // Expect that original and forwarded message have the same question records (usually 1).
+        if (!originalDns.isQDRecordsEquals(forwardedDns)) return false;
+
+        // [3] Answer section. See rfc1035 section 4.1.3.
+        if (forwardedDns.getHeader().isResponse()) {
+            // DNS reply has at least have one answer in our tests.
+            // See EthernetTetheringTest#testTetherUdpV4Dns.
+            if (forwardedDns.getRecordList(ANSECTION).isEmpty()) return false;
+            // Expect that original and forwarded message have the same answer records.
+            if (!originalDns.isANRecordsEquals(forwardedDns)) return false;
+        }
+
+        // Ignore checking {Authority, Additional} sections because they are not tested
+        // in EthernetTetheringTest.
+        return true;
+    }
+
+
+    private static boolean isTcpSynPacket(@NonNull final TcpHeader tcpHeader) {
+        return (tcpHeader.dataOffsetAndControlBits & TCPHDR_SYN) != 0;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean isExpectedTcpPacket(@NonNull final byte[] rawPacket, boolean hasEth,
+            boolean isIpv4, int seq, @NonNull final ByteBuffer payload) {
+        final ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(rawPacket);
+        try {
+            if (hasEth && !hasExpectedEtherHeader(buf, isIpv4)) return false;
+
+            if (!hasExpectedIpHeader(buf, isIpv4, IPPROTO_TCP)) return false;
+
+            final TcpHeader tcpHeader = Struct.parse(TcpHeader.class, buf);
+            if (tcpHeader.seq != seq) return false;
+
+            // Don't try to parse the payload if it is a TCP SYN segment because additional TCP
+            // option MSS may be added in the SYN segment. Currently, TetherController uses
+            // iptables to limit downstream MSS for IPv4. The additional TCP options will be
+            // misunderstood as payload because parsing TCP options are not supported by class
+            // TcpHeader for now. See TetherController::setupIptablesHooks.
+            // TODO: remove once TcpHeader supports parsing TCP options.
+            if (isTcpSynPacket(tcpHeader)) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "Found SYN segment. Ignore parsing the remaining part of packet.");
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            if (payload.limit() != buf.remaining()) return false;
+            return Arrays.equals(getRemaining(buf), getRemaining(payload.asReadOnlyBuffer()));
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Parsing packet fail means it is not tcp packet.
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private void sendUploadPacket(ByteBuffer packet) throws Exception {
         mDownstreamReader.sendResponse(packet);
     }
 
-    public byte[] getNextMatchedPacket(Predicate<byte[]> filter) {
+    private void sendDownloadPacket(ByteBuffer packet) throws Exception {
+        assertNotNull("Can't deal with upstream interface in local only mode", mUpstreamReader);
+
+        mUpstreamReader.sendResponse(packet);
+    }
+
+    private byte[] getDownloadPacket(Predicate<byte[]> filter) {
         byte[] packet;
         while ((packet = mDownstreamReader.poll(PACKET_READ_TIMEOUT_MS)) != null) {
             if (filter.test(packet)) return packet;
 
             maybeReplyArp(packet);
+            maybeReplyNa(packet);
         }
 
         return null;
     }
 
-    public void verifyUpload(final RemoteResponder dst, final ByteBuffer packet,
-            final Predicate<byte[]> filter) throws Exception {
-        sendPacket(packet);
-        assertNotNull("Upload fail", dst.getNextMatchedPacket(filter));
+    private byte[] getUploadPacket(Predicate<byte[]> filter) {
+        assertNotNull("Can't deal with upstream interface in local only mode", mUpstreamReader);
+
+        return mUpstreamReader.poll(PACKET_READ_TIMEOUT_MS, filter);
     }
 
-    public static class RemoteResponder {
-        final TapPacketReader mUpstreamReader;
-        public RemoteResponder(TapPacketReader reader) {
-            mUpstreamReader = reader;
-        }
+    private @NonNull byte[] verifyPacketNotNull(String message, @Nullable byte[] packet) {
+        assertNotNull(message, packet);
 
-        public void sendPacket(ByteBuffer packet) throws Exception {
-            mUpstreamReader.sendResponse(packet);
-        }
+        return packet;
+    }
 
-        public byte[] getNextMatchedPacket(Predicate<byte[]> filter) throws Exception {
-            return mUpstreamReader.poll(PACKET_READ_TIMEOUT_MS, filter);
-        }
+    public byte[] testUpload(final ByteBuffer packet, final Predicate<byte[]> filter)
+            throws Exception {
+        sendUploadPacket(packet);
 
-        public void verifyDownload(final TetheringTester dst, final ByteBuffer packet,
-                final Predicate<byte[]> filter) throws Exception {
-            sendPacket(packet);
-            assertNotNull("Download fail", dst.getNextMatchedPacket(filter));
-        }
+        return getUploadPacket(filter);
+    }
+
+    public byte[] verifyUpload(final ByteBuffer packet, final Predicate<byte[]> filter)
+            throws Exception {
+        return verifyPacketNotNull("Upload fail", testUpload(packet, filter));
+    }
+
+    public byte[] verifyDownload(final ByteBuffer packet, final Predicate<byte[]> filter)
+            throws Exception {
+        sendDownloadPacket(packet);
+
+        return verifyPacketNotNull("Download fail", getDownloadPacket(filter));
     }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/mts/Android.bp b/Tethering/tests/mts/Android.bp
index 18fd63b..ae36499 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/mts/Android.bp
+++ b/Tethering/tests/mts/Android.bp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
     name: "MtsTetheringTestLatestSdk",
 
     min_sdk_version: "30",
-    target_sdk_version: "31",
+    target_sdk_version: "33",
 
     libs: [
         "android.test.base",
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@
         "ctstestrunner-axt",
         "junit",
         "junit-params",
+        "connectivity-net-module-utils-bpf",
+        "net-utils-device-common-bpf",
     ],
 
     jni_libs: [
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/mts/src/android/tethering/mts/SkDestroyListenerTest.java b/Tethering/tests/mts/src/android/tethering/mts/SkDestroyListenerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9494aa4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tethering/tests/mts/src/android/tethering/mts/SkDestroyListenerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.tethering.mts;
+
+import static android.system.OsConstants.AF_INET;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.AF_INET6;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_DGRAM;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_STREAM;
+
+import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runShellCommandOrThrow;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+import android.net.TrafficStats;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Process;
+import android.system.Os;
+import android.util.Pair;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.BpfDump;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapValue;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+public class SkDestroyListenerTest {
+    private static final int COOKIE_TAG = 0x1234abcd;
+    private static final int SOCKET_COUNT = 100;
+    private static final int SOCKET_CLOSE_WAIT_MS = 200;
+    private static final String LINE_DELIMITER = "\\n";
+    private static final String DUMP_COMMAND = "dumpsys netstats --bpfRawMap --cookieTagMap";
+
+    private Map<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> parseBpfRawMap(final String dump) {
+        final Map<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> map = new HashMap<>();
+        for (final String line: dump.split(LINE_DELIMITER)) {
+            final Pair<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> keyValue =
+                    BpfDump.fromBase64EncodedString(CookieTagMapKey.class,
+                            CookieTagMapValue.class, line.trim());
+            map.put(keyValue.first, keyValue.second);
+        }
+        return map;
+    }
+
+    private int countTaggedSocket() {
+        final String dump = runShellCommandOrThrow(DUMP_COMMAND);
+        final Map<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> cookieTagMap = parseBpfRawMap(dump);
+        int count = 0;
+        for (final CookieTagMapValue value: cookieTagMap.values()) {
+            if (value.tag == COOKIE_TAG && value.uid == Process.myUid()) {
+                count++;
+            }
+        }
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    private boolean noTaggedSocket() {
+        return countTaggedSocket() == 0;
+    }
+
+    private void doTestSkDestroyListener(final int family, final int type) throws Exception {
+        assertTrue("There are tagged sockets before test", noTaggedSocket());
+
+        TrafficStats.setThreadStatsTag(COOKIE_TAG);
+        final List<FileDescriptor> fds = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < SOCKET_COUNT; i++) {
+            fds.add(Os.socket(family, type, 0 /* protocol */));
+        }
+        TrafficStats.clearThreadStatsTag();
+        assertEquals("Number of tagged socket does not match after creating sockets",
+                SOCKET_COUNT, countTaggedSocket());
+
+        for (final FileDescriptor fd: fds) {
+            Os.close(fd);
+        }
+        // Wait a bit for skDestroyListener to handle all the netlink messages.
+        Thread.sleep(SOCKET_CLOSE_WAIT_MS);
+        assertTrue("There are tagged sockets after closing sockets", noTaggedSocket());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSkDestroyListener() throws Exception {
+        doTestSkDestroyListener(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM);
+        doTestSkDestroyListener(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM);
+        doTestSkDestroyListener(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM);
+        doTestSkDestroyListener(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/mts/src/android/tethering/mts/TetheringModuleTest.java b/Tethering/tests/mts/src/android/tethering/mts/TetheringModuleTest.java
index 4525568..dd2ff9e 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/mts/src/android/tethering/mts/TetheringModuleTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/mts/src/android/tethering/mts/TetheringModuleTest.java
@@ -15,27 +15,23 @@
  */
 package android.tethering.mts;
 
-import static android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS;
-import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.READ_DEVICE_CONFIG;
-import static android.Manifest.permission.TETHER_PRIVILEGED;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_WIFI;
 import static android.provider.DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY;
 
 import static com.android.testutils.TestNetworkTrackerKt.initTestNetwork;
+import static com.android.testutils.TestPermissionUtil.runAsShell;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
-import android.app.UiAutomation;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.IpPrefix;
 import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.TetheringInterface;
-import android.net.TetheringManager;
 import android.net.cts.util.CtsTetheringUtils;
 import android.net.cts.util.CtsTetheringUtils.TestTetheringEventCallback;
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
@@ -46,7 +42,6 @@
 
 import com.android.testutils.TestNetworkTracker;
 
-import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
@@ -60,26 +55,15 @@
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 public class TetheringModuleTest {
     private Context mContext;
-    private TetheringManager mTm;
     private CtsTetheringUtils mCtsTetheringUtils;
-
-    private UiAutomation mUiAutomation =
-            InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation();
+    private final long mRestartTimeOutMs = 5_000;
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
-        mUiAutomation.adoptShellPermissionIdentity(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS, NETWORK_SETTINGS,
-                WRITE_SETTINGS, READ_DEVICE_CONFIG, TETHER_PRIVILEGED, ACCESS_WIFI_STATE);
         mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
-        mTm = mContext.getSystemService(TetheringManager.class);
         mCtsTetheringUtils = new CtsTetheringUtils(mContext);
     }
 
-    @After
-    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
-        mUiAutomation.dropShellPermissionIdentity();
-    }
-
     @Test
     public void testSwitchBasePrefixRangeWhenConflict() throws Exception {
         addressConflictTest(true);
@@ -120,8 +104,20 @@
             final List<String> wifiRegexs =
                     tetherEventCallback.getTetheringInterfaceRegexps().getTetherableWifiRegexs();
 
-            tetherEventCallback.expectTetheredInterfacesChanged(wifiRegexs, TETHERING_WIFI);
-            nif = NetworkInterface.getByName(wifiTetheringIface);
+            final TetheringInterface restartedIface =
+                    tetherEventCallback.pollTetheredInterfacesChanged(wifiRegexs, TETHERING_WIFI,
+                    mRestartTimeOutMs);
+            final TetheringInterface newIface;
+            if (restartedIface != null) {
+                newIface = restartedIface;
+            } else {
+                // Because of race inside tethering module, there is no guarantee wifi tethering
+                // would restart successfully. If tethering don't auto restarted, restarting it
+                // manually. TODO(b/242649651): remove this when tethering auto restart is reliable.
+                newIface = mCtsTetheringUtils.startWifiTethering(tetherEventCallback);
+            }
+
+            nif = NetworkInterface.getByName(newIface.getInterface());
             final LinkAddress newHotspotAddr = getFirstIpv4Address(nif);
             assertNotNull(newHotspotAddr);
 
@@ -130,10 +126,8 @@
 
             mCtsTetheringUtils.stopWifiTethering(tetherEventCallback);
         } finally {
-            if (tnt != null) {
-                tnt.teardown();
-            }
-            mTm.stopAllTethering();
+            teardown(tnt);
+            mCtsTetheringUtils.stopAllTethering();
             mCtsTetheringUtils.unregisterTetheringEventCallback(tetherEventCallback);
         }
     }
@@ -169,11 +163,19 @@
     }
 
     private TestNetworkTracker setUpTestNetwork(final LinkAddress address) throws Exception {
-        return initTestNetwork(mContext, address, 10_000L /* test timeout ms*/);
+        return runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS, WRITE_SETTINGS,
+                () -> initTestNetwork(mContext, address, 10_000L /* test timeout ms*/));
 
     }
 
+    private void teardown(TestNetworkTracker tracker) throws Exception {
+        if (tracker == null) return;
+
+        runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS, () -> tracker.teardown());
+    }
+
     public static boolean isFeatureEnabled(final String name, final boolean defaultValue) {
-        return DeviceConfig.getBoolean(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY, name, defaultValue);
+        return runAsShell(READ_DEVICE_CONFIG,
+                () -> DeviceConfig.getBoolean(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY, name, defaultValue));
     }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/privileged/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfMapTest.java b/Tethering/tests/privileged/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfMapTest.java
index ad2faa0..0e8b044 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/privileged/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfMapTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/privileged/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfMapTest.java
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 import android.net.MacAddress;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
+import android.system.Os;
 import android.system.OsConstants;
 import android.util.ArrayMap;
 
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
+import java.io.File;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@
         assertTrue(mTestMap.isEmpty());
     }
 
-    private TetherDownstream6Key createTetherDownstream6Key(long iif, String mac,
+    private TetherDownstream6Key createTetherDownstream6Key(int iif, String mac,
             String address) throws Exception {
         final MacAddress dstMac = MacAddress.fromString(mac);
         final InetAddress ipv6Address = InetAddress.getByName(address);
@@ -352,15 +354,6 @@
         assertFalse(mTestMap.isEmpty());
         mTestMap.clear();
         assertTrue(mTestMap.isEmpty());
-
-        // Clearing an already-closed map throws.
-        mTestMap.close();
-        try {
-            mTestMap.clear();
-            fail("clearing already-closed map should throw");
-        } catch (ErrnoException expected) {
-            assertEquals(OsConstants.EBADF, expected.errno);
-        }
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -402,4 +395,34 @@
             assertEquals(OsConstants.ENOENT, expected.errno);
         }
     }
+
+    private static int getNumOpenFds() {
+        return new File("/proc/" + Os.getpid() + "/fd").listFiles().length;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNoFdLeaks() throws Exception {
+        // Due to #setUp has called #initTestMap to open map and BpfMap is using persistent fd
+        // cache, expect that the fd amount is not increased in the iterations.
+        // See the comment of BpfMap#close.
+        final int iterations = 1000;
+        final int before = getNumOpenFds();
+        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
+            try (BpfMap<TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value> map = new BpfMap<>(
+                TETHER_DOWNSTREAM6_FS_PATH, BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR,
+                TetherDownstream6Key.class, Tether6Value.class)) {
+                // do nothing
+            }
+        }
+        final int after = getNumOpenFds();
+
+        // Check that the number of open fds is the same as before.
+        // If this exact match becomes flaky, we probably need to distinguish that fd is belong
+        // to "bpf-map".
+        // ex:
+        // $ adb shell ls -all /proc/16196/fd
+        // [..] network_stack 64 2022-07-26 22:01:02.300002956 +0800 749 -> anon_inode:bpf-map
+        // [..] network_stack 64 2022-07-26 22:01:02.188002956 +0800 75 -> anon_inode:[eventfd]
+        assertEquals("Fd leak after " + iterations + " iterations: ", before, after);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/privileged/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/ConntrackSocketTest.java b/Tethering/tests/privileged/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/ConntrackSocketTest.java
index 7ee69b2..d38a7c3 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/privileged/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/ConntrackSocketTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/privileged/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/ConntrackSocketTest.java
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.os.Looper;
@@ -38,6 +37,7 @@
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.StructNlMsgHdr;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/Android.bp b/Tethering/tests/unit/Android.bp
index d1b8380..fd1166c 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/Android.bp
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/Android.bp
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@
         "ext",
         "framework-minus-apex",
         "framework-res",
+        "framework-bluetooth.stubs.module_lib",
         "framework-connectivity.impl",
         "framework-connectivity-t.impl",
         "framework-tethering.impl",
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@
     static_libs: [
         "TetheringApiStableLib",
     ],
-    target_sdk_version: "31",
+    target_sdk_version: "33",
     visibility: [
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/tests:__subpackages__",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/Tethering/tests:__subpackages__",
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/ip/IpServerTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/ip/IpServerTest.java
index 43f1eaa..5f4454b 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/ip/IpServerTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/ip/IpServerTest.java
@@ -83,10 +83,7 @@
 import android.net.dhcp.IDhcpEventCallbacks;
 import android.net.dhcp.IDhcpServer;
 import android.net.dhcp.IDhcpServerCallbacks;
-import android.net.ip.IpNeighborMonitor.NeighborEvent;
-import android.net.ip.IpNeighborMonitor.NeighborEventConsumer;
 import android.net.ip.RouterAdvertisementDaemon.RaParams;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
@@ -101,8 +98,15 @@
 import com.android.net.module.util.BpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.InterfaceParams;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Key;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Value;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsValue;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.ConntrackMonitor;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.IpNeighborMonitor;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.IpNeighborMonitor.NeighborEvent;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.IpNeighborMonitor.NeighborEventConsumer;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfCoordinator;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.BpfCoordinator.Ipv6ForwardingRule;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.PrivateAddressCoordinator;
@@ -112,10 +116,9 @@
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherDownstream6Key;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherLimitKey;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherLimitValue;
-import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherStatsKey;
-import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherStatsValue;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetherUpstream6Key;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetheringConfiguration;
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.metrics.TetheringMetrics;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.InterfaceSet;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.util.PrefixUtils;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
@@ -186,6 +189,7 @@
     @Mock private NetworkStatsManager mStatsManager;
     @Mock private TetheringConfiguration mTetherConfig;
     @Mock private ConntrackMonitor mConntrackMonitor;
+    @Mock private TetheringMetrics mTetheringMetrics;
     @Mock private BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> mBpfDownstream4Map;
     @Mock private BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> mBpfUpstream4Map;
     @Mock private BpfMap<TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value> mBpfDownstream6Map;
@@ -235,7 +239,7 @@
         when(mTetherConfig.getP2pLeasesSubnetPrefixLength()).thenReturn(P2P_SUBNET_PREFIX_LENGTH);
         mIpServer = new IpServer(
                 IFACE_NAME, mLooper.getLooper(), interfaceType, mSharedLog, mNetd, mBpfCoordinator,
-                mCallback, mTetherConfig, mAddressCoordinator, mDependencies);
+                mCallback, mTetherConfig, mAddressCoordinator, mTetheringMetrics, mDependencies);
         mIpServer.start();
         mNeighborEventConsumer = neighborCaptor.getValue();
 
@@ -267,6 +271,7 @@
                 mTestAddress);
     }
 
+    @SuppressWarnings("DoNotCall") // Ignore warning for synchronous to call to Thread.run()
     private void setUpDhcpServer() throws Exception {
         doAnswer(inv -> {
             final IDhcpServerCallbacks cb = inv.getArgument(2);
@@ -367,7 +372,7 @@
                 .thenReturn(mIpNeighborMonitor);
         mIpServer = new IpServer(IFACE_NAME, mLooper.getLooper(), TETHERING_BLUETOOTH, mSharedLog,
                 mNetd, mBpfCoordinator, mCallback, mTetherConfig, mAddressCoordinator,
-                mDependencies);
+                mTetheringMetrics, mDependencies);
         mIpServer.start();
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mCallback).updateInterfaceState(
@@ -451,6 +456,9 @@
                 mIpServer, STATE_AVAILABLE, TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
         inOrder.verify(mCallback).updateLinkProperties(
                 eq(mIpServer), any(LinkProperties.class));
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).updateErrorCode(eq(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH),
+                eq(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR));
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).sendReport(eq(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH));
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd, mCallback, mAddressCoordinator);
     }
 
@@ -658,6 +666,9 @@
         usbTeardownOrder.verify(mCallback).updateLinkProperties(
                 eq(mIpServer), mLinkPropertiesCaptor.capture());
         assertNoAddressesNorRoutes(mLinkPropertiesCaptor.getValue());
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).updateErrorCode(eq(TETHERING_USB),
+                eq(TETHER_ERROR_TETHER_IFACE_ERROR));
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).sendReport(eq(TETHERING_USB));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -676,6 +687,9 @@
         usbTeardownOrder.verify(mCallback).updateLinkProperties(
                 eq(mIpServer), mLinkPropertiesCaptor.capture());
         assertNoAddressesNorRoutes(mLinkPropertiesCaptor.getValue());
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).updateErrorCode(eq(TETHERING_USB),
+                eq(TETHER_ERROR_ENABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR));
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).sendReport(eq(TETHERING_USB));
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java
index 4967d27..ac92b43 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.UID_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.UID_TETHERING;
-import static android.net.ip.ConntrackMonitor.ConntrackEvent;
 import static android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider.QUOTA_UNLIMITED;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IP;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IPV6;
@@ -33,6 +32,7 @@
 
 import static com.android.dx.mockito.inline.extended.ExtendedMockito.doReturn;
 import static com.android.dx.mockito.inline.extended.ExtendedMockito.staticMockMarker;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.ip.ConntrackMonitor.ConntrackEvent;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.netlink.ConntrackMessage.DYING_MASK;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.netlink.ConntrackMessage.ESTABLISHED_MASK;
 import static com.android.net.module.util.netlink.ConntrackMessage.Tuple;
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyBoolean;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyLong;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyString;
@@ -82,10 +83,7 @@
 import android.net.NetworkStats;
 import android.net.TetherOffloadRuleParcel;
 import android.net.TetherStatsParcel;
-import android.net.ip.ConntrackMonitor;
-import android.net.ip.ConntrackMonitor.ConntrackEventConsumer;
 import android.net.ip.IpServer;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
@@ -96,12 +94,17 @@
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
 import com.android.dx.mockito.inline.extended.ExtendedMockito;
-import com.android.net.module.util.BpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.InterfaceParams;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Key;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.Tether4Value;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.TetherStatsValue;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.ConntrackMonitor;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.ConntrackMonitor.ConntrackEventConsumer;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.ConntrackMessage;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkConstants;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkSocket;
@@ -139,6 +142,9 @@
     @Rule
     public final DevSdkIgnoreRule mIgnoreRule = new DevSdkIgnoreRule();
 
+    private static final boolean IPV4 = true;
+    private static final boolean IPV6 = false;
+
     private static final int TEST_NET_ID = 24;
     private static final int TEST_NET_ID2 = 25;
 
@@ -216,7 +222,7 @@
 
     private static class TestUpstream4Key {
         public static class Builder {
-            private long mIif = DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX;
+            private int mIif = DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX;
             private MacAddress mDstMac = DOWNSTREAM_MAC;
             private short mL4proto = (short) IPPROTO_TCP;
             private byte[] mSrc4 = PRIVATE_ADDR.getAddress();
@@ -240,7 +246,7 @@
 
     private static class TestDownstream4Key {
         public static class Builder {
-            private long mIif = UPSTREAM_IFINDEX;
+            private int mIif = UPSTREAM_IFINDEX;
             private MacAddress mDstMac = MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS /* dstMac (rawip) */;
             private short mL4proto = (short) IPPROTO_TCP;
             private byte[] mSrc4 = REMOTE_ADDR.getAddress();
@@ -264,7 +270,7 @@
 
     private static class TestUpstream4Value {
         public static class Builder {
-            private long mOif = UPSTREAM_IFINDEX;
+            private int mOif = UPSTREAM_IFINDEX;
             private MacAddress mEthDstMac = MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS /* dstMac (rawip) */;
             private MacAddress mEthSrcMac = MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS /* dstMac (rawip) */;
             private int mEthProto = ETH_P_IP;
@@ -284,7 +290,7 @@
 
     private static class TestDownstream4Value {
         public static class Builder {
-            private long mOif = DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX;
+            private int mOif = DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX;
             private MacAddress mEthDstMac = MAC_A /* client mac */;
             private MacAddress mEthSrcMac = DOWNSTREAM_MAC;
             private int mEthProto = ETH_P_IP;
@@ -356,9 +362,9 @@
     @Mock private IpServer mIpServer2;
     @Mock private TetheringConfiguration mTetherConfig;
     @Mock private ConntrackMonitor mConntrackMonitor;
-    @Mock private BpfMap<TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value> mBpfDownstream6Map;
-    @Mock private BpfMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> mBpfUpstream6Map;
-    @Mock private BpfMap<TetherDevKey, TetherDevValue> mBpfDevMap;
+    @Mock private IBpfMap<TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value> mBpfDownstream6Map;
+    @Mock private IBpfMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> mBpfUpstream6Map;
+    @Mock private IBpfMap<TetherDevKey, TetherDevValue> mBpfDevMap;
 
     // Late init since methods must be called by the thread that created this object.
     private TestableNetworkStatsProviderCbBinder mTetherStatsProviderCb;
@@ -373,13 +379,13 @@
     private final ArgumentCaptor<ArrayList> mStringArrayCaptor =
             ArgumentCaptor.forClass(ArrayList.class);
     private final TestLooper mTestLooper = new TestLooper();
-    private final BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> mBpfDownstream4Map =
+    private final IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> mBpfDownstream4Map =
             spy(new TestBpfMap<>(Tether4Key.class, Tether4Value.class));
-    private final BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> mBpfUpstream4Map =
+    private final IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> mBpfUpstream4Map =
             spy(new TestBpfMap<>(Tether4Key.class, Tether4Value.class));
-    private final TestBpfMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> mBpfStatsMap =
+    private final IBpfMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> mBpfStatsMap =
             spy(new TestBpfMap<>(TetherStatsKey.class, TetherStatsValue.class));
-    private final TestBpfMap<TetherLimitKey, TetherLimitValue> mBpfLimitMap =
+    private final IBpfMap<TetherLimitKey, TetherLimitValue> mBpfLimitMap =
             spy(new TestBpfMap<>(TetherLimitKey.class, TetherLimitValue.class));
     private BpfCoordinator.Dependencies mDeps =
             spy(new BpfCoordinator.Dependencies() {
@@ -418,37 +424,37 @@
                     }
 
                     @Nullable
-                    public BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> getBpfDownstream4Map() {
+                    public IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> getBpfDownstream4Map() {
                         return mBpfDownstream4Map;
                     }
 
                     @Nullable
-                    public BpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> getBpfUpstream4Map() {
+                    public IBpfMap<Tether4Key, Tether4Value> getBpfUpstream4Map() {
                         return mBpfUpstream4Map;
                     }
 
                     @Nullable
-                    public BpfMap<TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value> getBpfDownstream6Map() {
+                    public IBpfMap<TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value> getBpfDownstream6Map() {
                         return mBpfDownstream6Map;
                     }
 
                     @Nullable
-                    public BpfMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> getBpfUpstream6Map() {
+                    public IBpfMap<TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value> getBpfUpstream6Map() {
                         return mBpfUpstream6Map;
                     }
 
                     @Nullable
-                    public BpfMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> getBpfStatsMap() {
+                    public IBpfMap<TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue> getBpfStatsMap() {
                         return mBpfStatsMap;
                     }
 
                     @Nullable
-                    public BpfMap<TetherLimitKey, TetherLimitValue> getBpfLimitMap() {
+                    public IBpfMap<TetherLimitKey, TetherLimitValue> getBpfLimitMap() {
                         return mBpfLimitMap;
                     }
 
                     @Nullable
-                    public BpfMap<TetherDevKey, TetherDevValue> getBpfDevMap() {
+                    public IBpfMap<TetherDevKey, TetherDevValue> getBpfDevMap() {
                         return mBpfDevMap;
                     }
             });
@@ -935,11 +941,11 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testRuleMakeTetherDownstream6Key() throws Exception {
-        final Integer mobileIfIndex = 100;
+        final int mobileIfIndex = 100;
         final Ipv6ForwardingRule rule = buildTestForwardingRule(mobileIfIndex, NEIGH_A, MAC_A);
 
         final TetherDownstream6Key key = rule.makeTetherDownstream6Key();
-        assertEquals(key.iif, (long) mobileIfIndex);
+        assertEquals(key.iif, mobileIfIndex);
         assertEquals(key.dstMac, MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS);  // rawip upstream
         assertTrue(Arrays.equals(key.neigh6, NEIGH_A.getAddress()));
         // iif (4) + dstMac(6) + padding(2) + neigh6 (16) = 28.
@@ -948,7 +954,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testRuleMakeTether6Value() throws Exception {
-        final Integer mobileIfIndex = 100;
+        final int mobileIfIndex = 100;
         final Ipv6ForwardingRule rule = buildTestForwardingRule(mobileIfIndex, NEIGH_A, MAC_A);
 
         final Tether6Value value = rule.makeTether6Value();
@@ -968,7 +974,7 @@
         final BpfCoordinator coordinator = makeBpfCoordinator();
 
         final String mobileIface = "rmnet_data0";
-        final Integer mobileIfIndex = 100;
+        final int mobileIfIndex = 100;
         coordinator.addUpstreamNameToLookupTable(mobileIfIndex, mobileIface);
 
         // [1] Default limit.
@@ -1012,7 +1018,7 @@
         final BpfCoordinator coordinator = makeBpfCoordinator();
 
         final String mobileIface = "rmnet_data0";
-        final Integer mobileIfIndex = 100;
+        final int mobileIfIndex = 100;
         coordinator.addUpstreamNameToLookupTable(mobileIfIndex, mobileIface);
 
         // Applying a data limit to the current upstream does not take any immediate action.
@@ -1275,48 +1281,72 @@
         try {
             final String intIface1 = "wlan1";
             final String intIface2 = "rndis0";
-            final String extIface = "rmnet_data0";
+            final String extIface1 = "rmnet_data0";
+            final String extIface2 = "v4-rmnet_data0";
             final String virtualIface = "ipsec0";
             final BpfUtils mockMarkerBpfUtils = staticMockMarker(BpfUtils.class);
             final BpfCoordinator coordinator = makeBpfCoordinator();
 
             // [1] Add the forwarding pair <wlan1, rmnet_data0>. Expect that attach both wlan1 and
             // rmnet_data0.
-            coordinator.maybeAttachProgram(intIface1, extIface);
-            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(extIface, DOWNSTREAM));
-            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(intIface1, UPSTREAM));
+            coordinator.maybeAttachProgram(intIface1, extIface1);
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(extIface1, DOWNSTREAM, IPV4));
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(extIface1, DOWNSTREAM, IPV6));
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(intIface1, UPSTREAM, IPV4));
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(intIface1, UPSTREAM, IPV6));
             ExtendedMockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
             ExtendedMockito.clearInvocations(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
 
             // [2] Add the forwarding pair <wlan1, rmnet_data0> again. Expect no more action.
-            coordinator.maybeAttachProgram(intIface1, extIface);
+            coordinator.maybeAttachProgram(intIface1, extIface1);
             ExtendedMockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
             ExtendedMockito.clearInvocations(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
 
             // [3] Add the forwarding pair <rndis0, rmnet_data0>. Expect that attach rndis0 only.
-            coordinator.maybeAttachProgram(intIface2, extIface);
-            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(intIface2, UPSTREAM));
+            coordinator.maybeAttachProgram(intIface2, extIface1);
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(intIface2, UPSTREAM, IPV4));
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(intIface2, UPSTREAM, IPV6));
             ExtendedMockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
             ExtendedMockito.clearInvocations(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
 
-            // [4] Remove the forwarding pair <rndis0, rmnet_data0>. Expect detach rndis0 only.
-            coordinator.maybeDetachProgram(intIface2, extIface);
-            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.detachProgram(intIface2));
+            // [4] Add the forwarding pair <rndis0, v4-rmnet_data0>. Expect that attach
+            // v4-rmnet_data0 IPv4 program only.
+            coordinator.maybeAttachProgram(intIface2, extIface2);
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(extIface2, DOWNSTREAM, IPV4));
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(extIface2, DOWNSTREAM, IPV6),
+                    never());
             ExtendedMockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
             ExtendedMockito.clearInvocations(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
 
-            // [5] Remove the forwarding pair <wlan1, rmnet_data0>. Expect that detach both wlan1
+            // [5] Remove the forwarding pair <rndis0, v4-rmnet_data0>. Expect detach
+            // v4-rmnet_data0 IPv4 program only.
+            coordinator.maybeDetachProgram(intIface2, extIface2);
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.detachProgram(extIface2, IPV4));
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.detachProgram(extIface2, IPV6), never());
+            ExtendedMockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
+            ExtendedMockito.clearInvocations(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
+
+            // [6] Remove the forwarding pair <rndis0, rmnet_data0>. Expect detach rndis0 only.
+            coordinator.maybeDetachProgram(intIface2, extIface1);
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.detachProgram(intIface2, IPV4));
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.detachProgram(intIface2, IPV6));
+            ExtendedMockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
+            ExtendedMockito.clearInvocations(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
+
+            // [7] Remove the forwarding pair <wlan1, rmnet_data0>. Expect that detach both wlan1
             // and rmnet_data0.
-            coordinator.maybeDetachProgram(intIface1, extIface);
-            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.detachProgram(extIface));
-            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.detachProgram(intIface1));
+            coordinator.maybeDetachProgram(intIface1, extIface1);
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.detachProgram(extIface1, IPV4));
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.detachProgram(extIface1, IPV6));
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.detachProgram(intIface1, IPV4));
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.detachProgram(intIface1, IPV6));
             ExtendedMockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
             ExtendedMockito.clearInvocations(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
 
-            // [6] Skip attaching if upstream is virtual interface.
+            // [8] Skip attaching if upstream is virtual interface.
             coordinator.maybeAttachProgram(intIface1, virtualIface);
-            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(extIface, DOWNSTREAM), never());
-            ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> BpfUtils.attachProgram(intIface1, UPSTREAM), never());
+            ExtendedMockito.verify(() ->
+                    BpfUtils.attachProgram(anyString(), anyBoolean(), anyBoolean()), never());
             ExtendedMockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
             ExtendedMockito.clearInvocations(mockMarkerBpfUtils);
 
@@ -1383,7 +1413,7 @@
 
         // [1] Don't stop monitoring if it has never started.
         coordinator.stopMonitoring(mIpServer);
-        verify(mConntrackMonitor, never()).start();
+        verify(mConntrackMonitor, never()).stop();
 
         // [2] Start monitoring.
         coordinator.startMonitoring(mIpServer);
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/EntitlementManagerTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/EntitlementManagerTest.java
index 690ff71..e4263db 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/EntitlementManagerTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/EntitlementManagerTest.java
@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@
 import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.PersistableBundle;
@@ -82,6 +81,7 @@
 
 import com.android.internal.util.test.BroadcastInterceptingContext;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 
 import org.junit.After;
@@ -304,33 +304,6 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void toleratesCarrierConfigManagerMissing() {
-        setupForRequiredProvisioning();
-        mockService(Context.CARRIER_CONFIG_SERVICE, CarrierConfigManager.class, null);
-        mConfig = new FakeTetheringConfiguration(mMockContext, mLog, INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID);
-        // Couldn't get the CarrierConfigManager, but still had a declared provisioning app.
-        // Therefore provisioning still be required.
-        assertTrue(mEnMgr.isTetherProvisioningRequired(mConfig));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void toleratesCarrierConfigMissing() {
-        setupForRequiredProvisioning();
-        when(mCarrierConfigManager.getConfig()).thenReturn(null);
-        mConfig = new FakeTetheringConfiguration(mMockContext, mLog, INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID);
-        // We still have a provisioning app configured, so still require provisioning.
-        assertTrue(mEnMgr.isTetherProvisioningRequired(mConfig));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void toleratesCarrierConfigNotLoaded() {
-        setupForRequiredProvisioning();
-        mCarrierConfig.putBoolean(CarrierConfigManager.KEY_CARRIER_CONFIG_APPLIED_BOOL, false);
-        // We still have a provisioning app configured, so still require provisioning.
-        assertTrue(mEnMgr.isTetherProvisioningRequired(mConfig));
-    }
-
-    @Test
     public void provisioningNotRequiredWhenAppNotFound() {
         setupForRequiredProvisioning();
         when(mResources.getStringArray(R.array.config_mobile_hotspot_provision_app))
@@ -706,8 +679,8 @@
     @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
     public void requestLatestTetheringEntitlementResult_carrierDoesNotSupport_noProvisionCount()
             throws Exception {
-        setupForRequiredProvisioning();
         setupCarrierConfig(false);
+        setupForRequiredProvisioning();
         mEnMgr.fakeEntitlementResult = TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
         ResultReceiver receiver = new ResultReceiver(null) {
             @Override
@@ -735,6 +708,7 @@
         mEnMgr.notifyUpstream(false);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         setupCarrierConfig(false);
+        mConfig = new FakeTetheringConfiguration(mMockContext, mLog, INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID);
         mEnMgr.reevaluateSimCardProvisioning(mConfig);
 
         // Turn on upstream.
@@ -749,8 +723,8 @@
     @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
     public void startProvisioningIfNeeded_carrierUnsupport()
             throws Exception {
-        setupForRequiredProvisioning();
         setupCarrierConfig(false);
+        setupForRequiredProvisioning();
         mEnMgr.startProvisioningIfNeeded(TETHERING_WIFI, true);
         verify(mTetherProvisioningFailedListener, never())
                 .onTetherProvisioningFailed(TETHERING_WIFI, "Carrier does not support.");
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/FakeTetheringConfiguration.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/FakeTetheringConfiguration.java
index ac5c59d..95ec38f 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/FakeTetheringConfiguration.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/FakeTetheringConfiguration.java
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@
 
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 
 /** FakeTetheringConfiguration is used to override static method for testing. */
 public class FakeTetheringConfiguration extends TetheringConfiguration {
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/IPv6TetheringCoordinatorTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/IPv6TetheringCoordinatorTest.java
index f2b5314..865228a 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/IPv6TetheringCoordinatorTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/IPv6TetheringCoordinatorTest.java
@@ -41,11 +41,12 @@
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.RouteInfo;
 import android.net.ip.IpServer;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
+
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadControllerTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadControllerTest.java
index e9716b3..faca1c8 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadControllerTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadControllerTest.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 import static android.net.RouteInfo.RTN_UNICAST;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.TETHER_OFFLOAD_DISABLED;
 
+import static com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel.isAtLeastS;
 import static com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel.isAtLeastT;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.OffloadController.StatsType.STATS_PER_IFACE;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.OffloadController.StatsType.STATS_PER_UID;
@@ -66,7 +67,6 @@
 import android.net.NetworkStats.Entry;
 import android.net.RouteInfo;
 import android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
 import com.android.internal.util.test.FakeSettingsProvider;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkStatsProviderCbBinder;
@@ -668,7 +669,7 @@
 
         if (isAtLeastT()) {
             mTetherStatsProviderCb.expectNotifyLimitReached();
-        } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT == Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
+        } else if (isAtLeastS()) {
             mTetherStatsProviderCb.expectNotifyWarningOrLimitReached();
         } else {
             mTetherStatsProviderCb.expectNotifyLimitReached();
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadHardwareInterfaceTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadHardwareInterfaceTest.java
index d1891ed..36b439b 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadHardwareInterfaceTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/OffloadHardwareInterfaceTest.java
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@
 import android.hardware.tetheroffload.control.V1_0.NetworkProtocol;
 import android.hardware.tetheroffload.control.V1_1.ITetheringOffloadCallback;
 import android.hardware.tetheroffload.control.V1_1.OffloadCallbackEvent;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.NativeHandle;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
@@ -55,6 +54,7 @@
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.StructNfGenMsg;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.StructNlMsgHdr;
 
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfigurationTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfigurationTest.java
index 7fcf2b2..1a12125 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfigurationTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringConfigurationTest.java
@@ -22,10 +22,13 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE_HIPRI;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI;
 import static android.provider.DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY;
+import static android.telephony.CarrierConfigManager.KEY_CARRIER_CONFIG_APPLIED_BOOL;
+import static android.telephony.CarrierConfigManager.KEY_REQUIRE_ENTITLEMENT_CHECKS_BOOL;
 import static android.telephony.SubscriptionManager.INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID;
 
 import static com.android.dx.mockito.inline.extended.ExtendedMockito.doReturn;
 import static com.android.dx.mockito.inline.extended.ExtendedMockito.mockitoSession;
+import static com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim.KEY_CARRIER_SUPPORTS_TETHERING_BOOL;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetheringConfiguration.TETHER_FORCE_USB_FUNCTIONS;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetheringConfiguration.TETHER_USB_NCM_FUNCTION;
 import static com.android.networkstack.tethering.TetheringConfiguration.TETHER_USB_RNDIS_FUNCTION;
@@ -44,10 +47,11 @@
 import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.PersistableBundle;
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
 import android.provider.Settings;
+import android.telephony.CarrierConfigManager;
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
 import android.test.mock.MockContentResolver;
 
@@ -56,7 +60,9 @@
 
 import com.android.internal.util.test.BroadcastInterceptingContext;
 import com.android.internal.util.test.FakeSettingsProvider;
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.DeviceConfigUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreAfter;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
@@ -88,6 +94,7 @@
     private static final long TEST_PACKAGE_VERSION = 1234L;
     @Mock private ApplicationInfo mApplicationInfo;
     @Mock private Context mContext;
+    @Mock private CarrierConfigManager mCarrierConfigManager;
     @Mock private TelephonyManager mTelephonyManager;
     @Mock private Resources mResources;
     @Mock private Resources mResourcesForSubId;
@@ -97,6 +104,7 @@
     private boolean mHasTelephonyManager;
     private MockitoSession mMockingSession;
     private MockContentResolver mContentResolver;
+    private final PersistableBundle mCarrierConfig = new PersistableBundle();
 
     private class MockTetheringConfiguration extends TetheringConfiguration {
         MockTetheringConfiguration(Context ctx, SharedLog log, int id) {
@@ -474,6 +482,56 @@
                 PROVISIONING_APP_RESPONSE);
     }
 
+    private <T> void mockService(String serviceName, Class<T> serviceClass, T service) {
+        when(mMockContext.getSystemServiceName(serviceClass)).thenReturn(serviceName);
+        when(mMockContext.getSystemService(serviceName)).thenReturn(service);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetCarrierConfigBySubId_noCarrierConfigManager_configsAreDefault() {
+        // Act like the CarrierConfigManager is present and ready unless told otherwise.
+        mockService(Context.CARRIER_CONFIG_SERVICE,
+                CarrierConfigManager.class, null);
+        final TetheringConfiguration cfg = new TetheringConfiguration(
+                mMockContext, mLog, INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID);
+
+        assertTrue(cfg.isCarrierSupportTethering);
+        assertTrue(cfg.isCarrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetCarrierConfigBySubId_carrierConfigMissing_configsAreDefault() {
+        // Act like the CarrierConfigManager is present and ready unless told otherwise.
+        mockService(Context.CARRIER_CONFIG_SERVICE,
+                CarrierConfigManager.class, mCarrierConfigManager);
+        when(mCarrierConfigManager.getConfigForSubId(anyInt())).thenReturn(null);
+        final TetheringConfiguration cfg = new TetheringConfiguration(
+                mMockContext, mLog, INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID);
+
+        assertTrue(cfg.isCarrierSupportTethering);
+        assertTrue(cfg.isCarrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetCarrierConfigBySubId_hasConfigs_carrierUnsupportAndCheckNotRequired() {
+        mockService(Context.CARRIER_CONFIG_SERVICE,
+                CarrierConfigManager.class, mCarrierConfigManager);
+        mCarrierConfig.putBoolean(KEY_CARRIER_CONFIG_APPLIED_BOOL, true);
+        mCarrierConfig.putBoolean(KEY_REQUIRE_ENTITLEMENT_CHECKS_BOOL, false);
+        mCarrierConfig.putBoolean(KEY_CARRIER_SUPPORTS_TETHERING_BOOL, false);
+        when(mCarrierConfigManager.getConfigForSubId(anyInt())).thenReturn(mCarrierConfig);
+        final TetheringConfiguration cfg = new TetheringConfiguration(
+                mMockContext, mLog, INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID);
+
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            assertFalse(cfg.isCarrierSupportTethering);
+        } else {
+            assertTrue(cfg.isCarrierSupportTethering);
+        }
+        assertFalse(cfg.isCarrierConfigAffirmsEntitlementCheckRequired);
+
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testEnableLegacyWifiP2PAddress() throws Exception {
         final TetheringConfiguration defaultCfg = new TetheringConfiguration(
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringServiceTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringServiceTest.java
index f664d5d..38f1e9c 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringServiceTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringServiceTest.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ACCESS_TETHERING_PERMISSION;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_CHANGE_TETHERING_PERMISSION;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
@@ -139,23 +140,27 @@
     }
 
     private void runAsNoPermission(final TestTetheringCall test) throws Exception {
-        runTetheringCall(test, new String[0]);
+        runTetheringCall(test, true /* isTetheringAllowed */, new String[0]);
     }
 
     private void runAsTetherPrivileged(final TestTetheringCall test) throws Exception {
-        runTetheringCall(test, TETHER_PRIVILEGED);
+        runTetheringCall(test, true /* isTetheringAllowed */, TETHER_PRIVILEGED);
     }
 
     private void runAsAccessNetworkState(final TestTetheringCall test) throws Exception {
-        runTetheringCall(test, ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE);
+        runTetheringCall(test, true /* isTetheringAllowed */, ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE);
     }
 
     private void runAsWriteSettings(final TestTetheringCall test) throws Exception {
-        runTetheringCall(test, WRITE_SETTINGS);
+        runTetheringCall(test, true /* isTetheringAllowed */, WRITE_SETTINGS);
     }
 
-    private void runTetheringCall(final TestTetheringCall test, String... permissions)
-            throws Exception {
+    private void runAsTetheringDisallowed(final TestTetheringCall test) throws Exception {
+        runTetheringCall(test, false /* isTetheringAllowed */, TETHER_PRIVILEGED);
+    }
+
+    private void runTetheringCall(final TestTetheringCall test, boolean isTetheringAllowed,
+            String... permissions) throws Exception {
         // Allow the test to run even if ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE was granted at the APK level
         if (!CollectionUtils.contains(permissions, ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)) {
             mMockConnector.setPermission(ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE, PERMISSION_DENIED);
@@ -164,6 +169,7 @@
         if (permissions.length > 0) mUiAutomation.adoptShellPermissionIdentity(permissions);
         try {
             when(mTethering.isTetheringSupported()).thenReturn(true);
+            when(mTethering.isTetheringAllowed()).thenReturn(isTetheringAllowed);
             test.runTetheringCall(new TestTetheringResult());
         } finally {
             mUiAutomation.dropShellPermissionIdentity();
@@ -180,6 +186,7 @@
     private void runTether(final TestTetheringResult result) throws Exception {
         mTetheringConnector.tether(TEST_IFACE_NAME, TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG, result);
         verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+        verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
         verify(mTethering).tether(TEST_IFACE_NAME, IpServer.STATE_TETHERED, result);
     }
 
@@ -203,12 +210,22 @@
             verify(mTethering).isTetherProvisioningRequired();
             verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
         });
+
+        runAsTetheringDisallowed((result) -> {
+            mTetheringConnector.tether(TEST_IFACE_NAME, TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG,
+                    result);
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
+            result.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED);
+            verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
+        });
     }
 
     private void runUnTether(final TestTetheringResult result) throws Exception {
         mTetheringConnector.untether(TEST_IFACE_NAME, TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG,
                 result);
         verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+        verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
         verify(mTethering).untether(eq(TEST_IFACE_NAME), eq(result));
     }
 
@@ -232,6 +249,15 @@
             verify(mTethering).isTetherProvisioningRequired();
             verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
         });
+
+        runAsTetheringDisallowed((result) -> {
+            mTetheringConnector.untether(TEST_IFACE_NAME, TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG,
+                    result);
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
+            result.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED);
+            verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
+        });
     }
 
     private void runSetUsbTethering(final TestTetheringResult result) throws Exception {
@@ -243,6 +269,7 @@
         mTetheringConnector.setUsbTethering(true /* enable */, TEST_CALLER_PKG,
                 TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG, result);
         verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+        verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
         verify(mTethering).setUsbTethering(eq(true) /* enable */, any(IIntResultListener.class));
         result.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
     }
@@ -268,6 +295,14 @@
             verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
         });
 
+        runAsTetheringDisallowed((result) -> {
+            mTetheringConnector.setUsbTethering(true /* enable */, TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                    TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG, result);
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
+            result.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED);
+            verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
+        });
     }
 
     private void runStartTethering(final TestTetheringResult result,
@@ -275,7 +310,8 @@
         mTetheringConnector.startTethering(request, TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG,
                 result);
         verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
-        verify(mTethering).startTethering(eq(request), eq(result));
+        verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
+        verify(mTethering).startTethering(eq(request), eq(TEST_CALLER_PKG), eq(result));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -301,6 +337,15 @@
             verify(mTethering).isTetherProvisioningRequired();
             verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
         });
+
+        runAsTetheringDisallowed((result) -> {
+            mTetheringConnector.startTethering(request, TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG,
+                    result);
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
+            result.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED);
+            verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
+        });
     }
 
     private void runStartTetheringAndVerifyNoPermission(final TestTetheringResult result)
@@ -337,6 +382,7 @@
         mTetheringConnector.stopTethering(TETHERING_WIFI, TEST_CALLER_PKG,
                 TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG, result);
         verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+        verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
         verify(mTethering).stopTethering(TETHERING_WIFI);
         result.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
     }
@@ -361,6 +407,15 @@
             verify(mTethering).isTetherProvisioningRequired();
             verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
         });
+
+        runAsTetheringDisallowed((result) -> {
+            mTetheringConnector.stopTethering(TETHERING_WIFI, TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                    TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG, result);
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
+            result.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED);
+            verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
+        });
     }
 
     private void runRequestLatestTetheringEntitlementResult() throws Exception {
@@ -368,6 +423,7 @@
         mTetheringConnector.requestLatestTetheringEntitlementResult(TETHERING_WIFI, result,
                 true /* showEntitlementUi */, TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG);
         verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+        verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
         verify(mTethering).requestLatestTetheringEntitlementResult(eq(TETHERING_WIFI),
                 eq(result), eq(true) /* showEntitlementUi */);
     }
@@ -392,6 +448,16 @@
             verify(mTethering).isTetherProvisioningRequired();
             verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
         });
+
+        runAsTetheringDisallowed((none) -> {
+            final MyResultReceiver receiver = new MyResultReceiver(null);
+            mTetheringConnector.requestLatestTetheringEntitlementResult(TETHERING_WIFI, receiver,
+                    true /* showEntitlementUi */, TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG);
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
+            receiver.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED);
+            verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
+        });
     }
 
     private void runRegisterTetheringEventCallback() throws Exception {
@@ -419,6 +485,12 @@
             runRegisterTetheringEventCallback();
             verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
         });
+
+        // should still be able to register callback even tethering is restricted.
+        runAsTetheringDisallowed((result) -> {
+            runRegisterTetheringEventCallback();
+            verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
+        });
     }
 
     private void runUnregisterTetheringEventCallback() throws Exception {
@@ -446,11 +518,19 @@
             runUnregisterTetheringEventCallback();
             verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
         });
+
+        // should still be able to unregister callback even tethering is restricted.
+        runAsTetheringDisallowed((result) -> {
+            runUnregisterTetheringEventCallback();
+            verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
+        });
+
     }
 
     private void runStopAllTethering(final TestTetheringResult result) throws Exception {
         mTetheringConnector.stopAllTethering(TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG, result);
         verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+        verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
         verify(mTethering).untetherAll();
         result.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
     }
@@ -474,11 +554,20 @@
             verify(mTethering).isTetherProvisioningRequired();
             verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
         });
+
+        runAsTetheringDisallowed((result) -> {
+            mTetheringConnector.stopAllTethering(TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG, result);
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
+            result.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED);
+            verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
+        });
     }
 
     private void runIsTetheringSupported(final TestTetheringResult result) throws Exception {
         mTetheringConnector.isTetheringSupported(TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG, result);
         verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+        verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
         result.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
     }
 
@@ -502,6 +591,15 @@
             verify(mTethering).isTetherProvisioningRequired();
             verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
         });
+
+        runAsTetheringDisallowed((result) -> {
+            mTetheringConnector.isTetheringSupported(TEST_CALLER_PKG, TEST_ATTRIBUTION_TAG,
+                    result);
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringSupported();
+            verify(mTethering).isTetheringAllowed();
+            result.assertResult(TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED);
+            verifyNoMoreInteractionsForTethering();
+        });
     }
 
     private class ConnectorSupplier<T> implements Supplier<T> {
@@ -566,17 +664,17 @@
             assertEquals("Internal callback is not registered", 1, callbacks.size());
             assertNotNull(weakTm.get());
 
+            // Calling System.gc() or System.runFinalization() doesn't guarantee GCs or finalizers
+            // are executed synchronously. The finalizer is called after GC on a separate thread.
             final int attempts = 100;
             final long waitIntervalMs = 50;
             for (int i = 0; i < attempts; i++) {
                 forceGc();
-                if (weakTm.get() == null) break;
+                if (weakTm.get() == null && callbacks.size() == 0) break;
 
                 Thread.sleep(waitIntervalMs);
             }
-            assertNull("TetheringManager weak reference still not null after " + attempts
-                    + " attempts", weakTm.get());
-
+            assertNull("TetheringManager weak reference is not null", weakTm.get());
             assertEquals("Internal callback is not unregistered", 0, callbacks.size());
         });
     }
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
index 0388758..a468d82 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_WIFI;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_WIFI_P2P;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_IFACE_CFG_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_SERVICE_UNAVAIL;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_IFACE;
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@
 import static android.net.wifi.WifiManager.EXTRA_WIFI_AP_STATE;
 import static android.net.wifi.WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_LOCAL_ONLY;
 import static android.net.wifi.WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_TETHERED;
+import static android.net.wifi.WifiManager.WIFI_AP_STATE_DISABLED;
 import static android.net.wifi.WifiManager.WIFI_AP_STATE_ENABLED;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE;
 import static android.telephony.SubscriptionManager.INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID;
@@ -142,6 +144,7 @@
 import android.net.TetheringCallbackStartedParcel;
 import android.net.TetheringConfigurationParcel;
 import android.net.TetheringInterface;
+import android.net.TetheringManager;
 import android.net.TetheringRequestParcel;
 import android.net.dhcp.DhcpLeaseParcelable;
 import android.net.dhcp.DhcpServerCallbacks;
@@ -149,11 +152,9 @@
 import android.net.dhcp.IDhcpEventCallbacks;
 import android.net.dhcp.IDhcpServer;
 import android.net.ip.DadProxy;
-import android.net.ip.IpNeighborMonitor;
 import android.net.ip.IpServer;
 import android.net.ip.RouterAdvertisementDaemon;
 import android.net.util.NetworkConstants;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.net.wifi.SoftApConfiguration;
 import android.net.wifi.WifiClient;
 import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
@@ -175,6 +176,7 @@
 import android.telephony.PhoneStateListener;
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
 import android.test.mock.MockContentResolver;
+import android.util.ArraySet;
 
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
@@ -185,16 +187,22 @@
 import com.android.internal.util.test.FakeSettingsProvider;
 import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.InterfaceParams;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.IpNeighborMonitor;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.BluetoothPanShim;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.BluetoothPanShim.TetheredInterfaceCallbackShim;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.BluetoothPanShim.TetheredInterfaceRequestShim;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.UnsupportedApiLevelException;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TestConnectivityManager.TestNetworkAgent;
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.metrics.TetheringMetrics;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
 import com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
@@ -211,11 +219,14 @@
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.Vector;
 
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
 public class TetheringTest {
+    @Rule public final DevSdkIgnoreRule mIgnoreRule = new DevSdkIgnoreRule();
+
     private static final int IFINDEX_OFFSET = 100;
 
     private static final String TEST_MOBILE_IFNAME = "test_rmnet_data0";
@@ -236,6 +247,7 @@
     private static final String TEST_WIFI_REGEX = "test_wlan\\d";
     private static final String TEST_P2P_REGEX = "test_p2p-p2p\\d-.*";
     private static final String TEST_BT_REGEX = "test_pan\\d";
+    private static final String TEST_CALLER_PKG = "com.test.tethering";
 
     private static final int CELLULAR_NETID = 100;
     private static final int WIFI_NETID = 101;
@@ -270,6 +282,7 @@
     @Mock private BluetoothPan mBluetoothPan;
     @Mock private BluetoothPanShim mBluetoothPanShim;
     @Mock private TetheredInterfaceRequestShim mTetheredInterfaceRequestShim;
+    @Mock private TetheringMetrics mTetheringMetrics;
 
     private final MockIpServerDependencies mIpServerDependencies =
             spy(new MockIpServerDependencies());
@@ -293,6 +306,7 @@
     private OffloadController mOffloadCtrl;
     private PrivateAddressCoordinator mPrivateAddressCoordinator;
     private SoftApCallback mSoftApCallback;
+    private SoftApCallback mLocalOnlyHotspotCallback;
     private UpstreamNetworkMonitor mUpstreamNetworkMonitor;
     private TetheredInterfaceCallbackShim mTetheredInterfaceCallbackShim;
 
@@ -385,6 +399,7 @@
                     MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS);
         }
 
+        @SuppressWarnings("DoNotCall") // Ignore warning for synchronous to call to Thread.run()
         @Override
         public void makeDhcpServer(String ifName, DhcpServingParamsParcel params,
                 DhcpServerCallbacks cb) {
@@ -494,6 +509,11 @@
         }
 
         @Override
+        public TetheringMetrics getTetheringMetrics() {
+            return mTetheringMetrics;
+        }
+
+        @Override
         public PrivateAddressCoordinator getPrivateAddressCoordinator(Context ctx,
                 TetheringConfiguration cfg) {
             mPrivateAddressCoordinator = super.getPrivateAddressCoordinator(ctx, cfg);
@@ -658,6 +678,14 @@
         verify(mWifiManager).registerSoftApCallback(any(), softApCallbackCaptor.capture());
         mSoftApCallback = softApCallbackCaptor.getValue();
 
+        if (isAtLeastT()) {
+            final ArgumentCaptor<SoftApCallback> localOnlyCallbackCaptor =
+                    ArgumentCaptor.forClass(SoftApCallback.class);
+            verify(mWifiManager).registerLocalOnlyHotspotSoftApCallback(any(),
+                    localOnlyCallbackCaptor.capture());
+            mLocalOnlyHotspotCallback = localOnlyCallbackCaptor.getValue();
+        }
+
         when(mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI)).thenReturn(true);
         when(mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI_DIRECT)).thenReturn(true);
     }
@@ -810,9 +838,9 @@
     }
 
     private void verifyInterfaceServingModeStarted(String ifname) throws Exception {
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).interfaceSetCfg(any(InterfaceConfigurationParcel.class));
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).tetherInterfaceAdd(ifname);
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).networkAddInterface(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID, ifname);
+        verify(mNetd).interfaceSetCfg(any(InterfaceConfigurationParcel.class));
+        verify(mNetd).tetherInterfaceAdd(ifname);
+        verify(mNetd).networkAddInterface(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID, ifname);
         verify(mNetd, times(2)).networkAddRoute(eq(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID), eq(ifname),
                 anyString(), anyString());
     }
@@ -852,7 +880,8 @@
 
     private void prepareNcmTethering() {
         // Emulate startTethering(TETHERING_NCM) called
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_NCM), null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_NCM), TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mUsbManager, times(1)).setCurrentFunctions(UsbManager.FUNCTION_NCM);
     }
@@ -860,7 +889,7 @@
     private void prepareUsbTethering() {
         // Emulate pressing the USB tethering button in Settings UI.
         final TetheringRequestParcel request = createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_USB);
-        mTethering.startTethering(request, null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(request, TEST_CALLER_PKG, null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
 
         assertEquals(1, mTethering.getActiveTetheringRequests().size());
@@ -906,6 +935,52 @@
         failingLocalOnlyHotspotLegacyApBroadcast(false);
     }
 
+    private void verifyStopHotpot() throws Exception {
+        verify(mNetd).tetherApplyDnsInterfaces();
+        verify(mNetd).tetherInterfaceRemove(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME);
+        verify(mNetd).networkRemoveInterface(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID, TEST_WLAN_IFNAME);
+        // interfaceSetCfg() called once for enabling and twice disabling IPv4.
+        verify(mNetd, times(3)).interfaceSetCfg(any(InterfaceConfigurationParcel.class));
+        verify(mNetd).tetherStop();
+        verify(mNetd).ipfwdDisableForwarding(TETHERING_NAME);
+        verify(mWifiManager, times(3)).updateInterfaceIpState(
+                TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
+        // Asking for the last error after the per-interface state machine
+        // has been reaped yields an unknown interface error.
+        assertEquals(TETHER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_IFACE, mTethering.getLastErrorForTest(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME));
+    }
+
+    private void verifyStartHotspot() throws Exception {
+        verifyStartHotspot(false /* isLocalOnly */);
+    }
+
+    private void verifyStartHotspot(boolean isLocalOnly) throws Exception {
+        verifyInterfaceServingModeStarted(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME);
+        verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, EXTRA_AVAILABLE_TETHER);
+        verify(mWifiManager).updateInterfaceIpState(
+                TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+
+        verify(mNetd).ipfwdEnableForwarding(TETHERING_NAME);
+        verify(mNetd).tetherStartWithConfiguration(any());
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
+
+        final int expectedState = isLocalOnly ? IFACE_IP_MODE_LOCAL_ONLY : IFACE_IP_MODE_TETHERED;
+        verify(mWifiManager).updateInterfaceIpState(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, expectedState);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
+
+        verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor).startObserveAllNetworks();
+        if (isLocalOnly) {
+            // There are 2 IpServer state change events: STATE_AVAILABLE -> STATE_LOCAL_ONLY.
+            verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(2)).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
+        } else {
+            // There are 2 IpServer state change events: STATE_AVAILABLE -> STATE_TETHERED.
+            verify(mNotificationUpdater).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
+            verify(mNotificationUpdater).onDownstreamChanged(eq(1 << TETHERING_WIFI));
+        }
+    }
+
     public void workingLocalOnlyHotspotEnrichedApBroadcast(
             boolean emulateInterfaceStatusChanged) throws Exception {
         // Emulate externally-visible WifiManager effects, causing the
@@ -916,41 +991,16 @@
         }
         sendWifiApStateChanged(WIFI_AP_STATE_ENABLED, TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, IFACE_IP_MODE_LOCAL_ONLY);
 
-        verifyInterfaceServingModeStarted(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME);
-        verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, EXTRA_AVAILABLE_TETHER);
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).ipfwdEnableForwarding(TETHERING_NAME);
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).tetherStartWithConfiguration(any());
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
-        verify(mWifiManager).updateInterfaceIpState(
-                TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        verify(mWifiManager).updateInterfaceIpState(
-                TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_LOCAL_ONLY);
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
+        verifyStartHotspot(true /* isLocalOnly */);
         verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, EXTRA_ACTIVE_LOCAL_ONLY);
-        verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor, times(1)).startObserveAllNetworks();
-        // There are 2 IpServer state change events: STATE_AVAILABLE -> STATE_LOCAL_ONLY
-        verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(2)).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
 
         // Emulate externally-visible WifiManager effects, when hotspot mode
         // is being torn down.
-        sendWifiApStateChanged(WifiManager.WIFI_AP_STATE_DISABLED);
+        sendWifiApStateChanged(WIFI_AP_STATE_DISABLED, TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, IFACE_IP_MODE_LOCAL_ONLY);
         mTethering.interfaceRemoved(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
 
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).tetherApplyDnsInterfaces();
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).tetherInterfaceRemove(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME);
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).networkRemoveInterface(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID, TEST_WLAN_IFNAME);
-        // interfaceSetCfg() called once for enabling and twice disabling IPv4.
-        verify(mNetd, times(3)).interfaceSetCfg(any(InterfaceConfigurationParcel.class));
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).tetherStop();
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).ipfwdDisableForwarding(TETHERING_NAME);
-        verify(mWifiManager, times(3)).updateInterfaceIpState(
-                TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
-        // Asking for the last error after the per-interface state machine
-        // has been reaped yields an unknown interface error.
-        assertEquals(TETHER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_IFACE, mTethering.getLastErrorForTest(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME));
+        verifyStopHotpot();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1430,7 +1480,8 @@
         when(mWifiManager.startTetheredHotspot(any(SoftApConfiguration.class))).thenReturn(true);
 
         // Emulate pressing the WiFi tethering button.
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_WIFI), null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_WIFI), TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mWifiManager, times(1)).startTetheredHotspot(null);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
@@ -1457,7 +1508,8 @@
         when(mWifiManager.startTetheredHotspot(any(SoftApConfiguration.class))).thenReturn(true);
 
         // Emulate pressing the WiFi tethering button.
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_WIFI), null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_WIFI), TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mWifiManager, times(1)).startTetheredHotspot(null);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
@@ -1469,26 +1521,11 @@
         mTethering.interfaceStatusChanged(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, true);
         sendWifiApStateChanged(WIFI_AP_STATE_ENABLED, TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, IFACE_IP_MODE_TETHERED);
 
-        verifyInterfaceServingModeStarted(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME);
-        verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, EXTRA_AVAILABLE_TETHER);
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).ipfwdEnableForwarding(TETHERING_NAME);
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).tetherStartWithConfiguration(any());
-        verify(mNetd, times(2)).networkAddRoute(eq(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID), eq(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME),
-                anyString(), anyString());
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
-        verify(mWifiManager).updateInterfaceIpState(
-                TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        verify(mWifiManager).updateInterfaceIpState(
-                TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_TETHERED);
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
+        verifyStartHotspot();
         verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, EXTRA_ACTIVE_TETHER);
-        verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor, times(1)).startObserveAllNetworks();
         // In tethering mode, in the default configuration, an explicit request
         // for a mobile network is also made.
         verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor, times(1)).setTryCell(true);
-        // There are 2 IpServer state change events: STATE_AVAILABLE -> STATE_TETHERED
-        verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(1)).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
-        verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(1)).onDownstreamChanged(eq(1 << TETHERING_WIFI));
 
         /////
         // We do not currently emulate any upstream being found.
@@ -1506,24 +1543,11 @@
 
         // Emulate externally-visible WifiManager effects, when tethering mode
         // is being torn down.
-        sendWifiApStateChanged(WifiManager.WIFI_AP_STATE_DISABLED);
+        sendWifiApStateChanged(WIFI_AP_STATE_DISABLED, TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, IFACE_IP_MODE_TETHERED);
         mTethering.interfaceRemoved(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
 
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).tetherApplyDnsInterfaces();
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).tetherInterfaceRemove(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME);
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).networkRemoveInterface(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID, TEST_WLAN_IFNAME);
-        // interfaceSetCfg() called once for enabling and twice for disabling IPv4.
-        verify(mNetd, times(3)).interfaceSetCfg(any(InterfaceConfigurationParcel.class));
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).tetherStop();
-        verify(mNetd, times(1)).ipfwdDisableForwarding(TETHERING_NAME);
-        verify(mWifiManager, times(3)).updateInterfaceIpState(
-                TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
-        // Asking for the last error after the per-interface state machine
-        // has been reaped yields an unknown interface error.
-        assertEquals(TETHER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_IFACE, mTethering.getLastErrorForTest(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME));
+        verifyStopHotpot();
     }
 
     // TODO: Test with and without interfaceStatusChanged().
@@ -1533,11 +1557,13 @@
         doThrow(new RemoteException()).when(mNetd).ipfwdEnableForwarding(TETHERING_NAME);
 
         // Emulate pressing the WiFi tethering button.
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_WIFI), null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_WIFI), TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mWifiManager, times(1)).startTetheredHotspot(null);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).createBuilder(eq(TETHERING_WIFI), anyString());
 
         // Emulate externally-visible WifiManager effects, causing the
         // per-interface state machine to start up, and telling us that
@@ -1576,6 +1602,10 @@
         verify(mWifiManager).updateInterfaceIpState(
                 TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_CONFIGURATION_ERROR);
 
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics, times(2)).updateErrorCode(eq(TETHERING_WIFI),
+                eq(TETHER_ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR));
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics, times(2)).sendReport(eq(TETHERING_WIFI));
+
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
     }
@@ -1696,6 +1726,7 @@
         private final ArrayList<TetherStatesParcel> mTetherStates = new ArrayList<>();
         private final ArrayList<Integer> mOffloadStatus = new ArrayList<>();
         private final ArrayList<List<TetheredClient>> mTetheredClients = new ArrayList<>();
+        private final ArrayList<Long> mSupportedBitmaps = new ArrayList<>();
 
         // This function will remove the recorded callbacks, so it must be called once for
         // each callback. If this is called after multiple callback, the order matters.
@@ -1748,6 +1779,10 @@
             assertTrue(leases.containsAll(result));
         }
 
+        public void expectSupportedTetheringTypes(Set<Integer> expectedTypes) {
+            assertEquals(expectedTypes, TetheringManager.unpackBits(mSupportedBitmaps.remove(0)));
+        }
+
         @Override
         public void onUpstreamChanged(Network network) {
             mActualUpstreams.add(network);
@@ -1780,11 +1815,17 @@
             mTetherStates.add(parcel.states);
             mOffloadStatus.add(parcel.offloadStatus);
             mTetheredClients.add(parcel.tetheredClients);
+            mSupportedBitmaps.add(parcel.supportedTypes);
         }
 
         @Override
         public void onCallbackStopped(int errorCode) { }
 
+        @Override
+        public void onSupportedTetheringTypes(long supportedBitmap) {
+            mSupportedBitmaps.add(supportedBitmap);
+        }
+
         public void assertNoUpstreamChangeCallback() {
             assertTrue(mActualUpstreams.isEmpty());
         }
@@ -1867,7 +1908,8 @@
         tetherState = callback.pollTetherStatesChanged();
         assertArrayEquals(tetherState.availableList, new TetheringInterface[] {wifiIface});
 
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_WIFI), null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_WIFI), TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                null);
         sendWifiApStateChanged(WIFI_AP_STATE_ENABLED, TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, IFACE_IP_MODE_TETHERED);
         tetherState = callback.pollTetherStatesChanged();
         assertArrayEquals(tetherState.tetheredList, new TetheringInterface[] {wifiIface});
@@ -1889,7 +1931,13 @@
         mTethering.unregisterTetheringEventCallback(callback);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         mTethering.stopTethering(TETHERING_WIFI);
-        sendWifiApStateChanged(WifiManager.WIFI_AP_STATE_DISABLED);
+        sendWifiApStateChanged(WIFI_AP_STATE_DISABLED);
+        if (isAtLeastT()) {
+            // After T, tethering doesn't support WIFI_AP_STATE_DISABLED with null interface name.
+            callback2.assertNoStateChangeCallback();
+            sendWifiApStateChanged(WIFI_AP_STATE_DISABLED, TEST_WLAN_IFNAME,
+                    IFACE_IP_MODE_TETHERED);
+        }
         tetherState = callback2.pollTetherStatesChanged();
         assertArrayEquals(tetherState.availableList, new TetheringInterface[] {wifiIface});
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
@@ -1964,10 +2012,12 @@
     public void testNoDuplicatedEthernetRequest() throws Exception {
         final TetheredInterfaceRequest mockRequest = mock(TetheredInterfaceRequest.class);
         when(mEm.requestTetheredInterface(any(), any())).thenReturn(mockRequest);
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_ETHERNET), null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_ETHERNET), TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mEm, times(1)).requestTetheredInterface(any(), any());
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_ETHERNET), null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_ETHERNET), TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mEm);
         mTethering.stopTethering(TETHERING_ETHERNET);
@@ -2171,14 +2221,16 @@
         final ResultListener thirdResult = new ResultListener(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
 
         // Enable USB tethering and check that Tethering starts USB.
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_USB), firstResult);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_USB), TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                firstResult);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         firstResult.assertHasResult();
         verify(mUsbManager, times(1)).setCurrentFunctions(UsbManager.FUNCTION_RNDIS);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mUsbManager);
 
         // Enable USB tethering again with the same request and expect no change to USB.
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_USB), secondResult);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_USB), TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                secondResult);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         secondResult.assertHasResult();
         verify(mUsbManager, never()).setCurrentFunctions(UsbManager.FUNCTION_NONE);
@@ -2187,7 +2239,8 @@
         // Enable USB tethering with a different request and expect that USB is stopped and
         // started.
         mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_USB,
-                  serverLinkAddr, clientLinkAddr, false, CONNECTIVITY_SCOPE_GLOBAL), thirdResult);
+                  serverLinkAddr, clientLinkAddr, false, CONNECTIVITY_SCOPE_GLOBAL),
+                  TEST_CALLER_PKG, thirdResult);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         thirdResult.assertHasResult();
         verify(mUsbManager, times(1)).setCurrentFunctions(UsbManager.FUNCTION_NONE);
@@ -2216,7 +2269,8 @@
         final ArgumentCaptor<DhcpServingParamsParcel> dhcpParamsCaptor =
                 ArgumentCaptor.forClass(DhcpServingParamsParcel.class);
         mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_USB,
-                  serverLinkAddr, clientLinkAddr, false, CONNECTIVITY_SCOPE_GLOBAL), null);
+                  serverLinkAddr, clientLinkAddr, false, CONNECTIVITY_SCOPE_GLOBAL),
+                  TEST_CALLER_PKG, null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mUsbManager, times(1)).setCurrentFunctions(UsbManager.FUNCTION_NCM);
         mTethering.interfaceStatusChanged(TEST_NCM_IFNAME, true);
@@ -2284,7 +2338,7 @@
         final TetheringRequestParcel wifiNotExemptRequest =
                 createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_WIFI, null, null, false,
                         CONNECTIVITY_SCOPE_GLOBAL);
-        mTethering.startTethering(wifiNotExemptRequest, null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(wifiNotExemptRequest, TEST_CALLER_PKG, null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mEntitleMgr).startProvisioningIfNeeded(TETHERING_WIFI, false);
         verify(mEntitleMgr, never()).setExemptedDownstreamType(TETHERING_WIFI);
@@ -2298,7 +2352,7 @@
         final TetheringRequestParcel wifiExemptRequest =
                 createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_WIFI, null, null, true,
                         CONNECTIVITY_SCOPE_GLOBAL);
-        mTethering.startTethering(wifiExemptRequest, null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(wifiExemptRequest, TEST_CALLER_PKG, null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mEntitleMgr, never()).startProvisioningIfNeeded(TETHERING_WIFI, false);
         verify(mEntitleMgr).setExemptedDownstreamType(TETHERING_WIFI);
@@ -2311,14 +2365,14 @@
         // If one app enables tethering without provisioning check first, then another app enables
         // tethering of the same type but does not disable the provisioning check.
         setupForRequiredProvisioning();
-        mTethering.startTethering(wifiExemptRequest, null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(wifiExemptRequest, TEST_CALLER_PKG, null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mEntitleMgr, never()).startProvisioningIfNeeded(TETHERING_WIFI, false);
         verify(mEntitleMgr).setExemptedDownstreamType(TETHERING_WIFI);
         assertTrue(mEntitleMgr.isCellularUpstreamPermitted());
         reset(mEntitleMgr);
         setupForRequiredProvisioning();
-        mTethering.startTethering(wifiNotExemptRequest, null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(wifiNotExemptRequest, TEST_CALLER_PKG, null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mEntitleMgr).startProvisioningIfNeeded(TETHERING_WIFI, false);
         verify(mEntitleMgr, never()).setExemptedDownstreamType(TETHERING_WIFI);
@@ -2408,7 +2462,8 @@
         when(mEm.requestTetheredInterface(any(), any())).thenReturn(mockRequest);
         final ArgumentCaptor<TetheredInterfaceCallback> callbackCaptor =
                 ArgumentCaptor.forClass(TetheredInterfaceCallback.class);
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_ETHERNET), null);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_ETHERNET),
+                TEST_CALLER_PKG, null);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verify(mEm).requestTetheredInterface(any(), callbackCaptor.capture());
         TetheredInterfaceCallback ethCallback = callbackCaptor.getValue();
@@ -2490,12 +2545,11 @@
         eventCallbacks = dhcpEventCbsCaptor.getValue();
         // Update lease for local only tethering.
         final MacAddress testMac1 = MacAddress.fromString("11:11:11:11:11:11");
-        final ArrayList<DhcpLeaseParcelable> p2pLeases = new ArrayList<>();
-        p2pLeases.add(createDhcpLeaseParcelable("clientId1", testMac1, "192.168.50.24", 24,
-                Long.MAX_VALUE, "test1"));
-        notifyDhcpLeasesChanged(p2pLeases, eventCallbacks);
-        final List<TetheredClient> clients = toTetheredClients(p2pLeases, TETHERING_WIFI_P2P);
-        callback.expectTetheredClientChanged(clients);
+        final DhcpLeaseParcelable p2pLease = createDhcpLeaseParcelable("clientId1", testMac1,
+                "192.168.50.24", 24, Long.MAX_VALUE, "test1");
+        final List<TetheredClient> p2pClients = notifyDhcpLeasesChanged(TETHERING_WIFI_P2P,
+                eventCallbacks, p2pLease);
+        callback.expectTetheredClientChanged(p2pClients);
         reset(mDhcpServer);
 
         // Run wifi tethering.
@@ -2505,25 +2559,20 @@
                 any(), dhcpEventCbsCaptor.capture());
         eventCallbacks = dhcpEventCbsCaptor.getValue();
         // Update mac address from softAp callback before getting dhcp lease.
-        final ArrayList<WifiClient> wifiClients = new ArrayList<>();
         final MacAddress testMac2 = MacAddress.fromString("22:22:22:22:22:22");
-        final WifiClient testClient = mock(WifiClient.class);
-        when(testClient.getMacAddress()).thenReturn(testMac2);
-        wifiClients.add(testClient);
-        mSoftApCallback.onConnectedClientsChanged(wifiClients);
-        final TetheredClient noAddrClient = new TetheredClient(testMac2,
-                Collections.emptyList() /* addresses */, TETHERING_WIFI);
-        clients.add(noAddrClient);
-        callback.expectTetheredClientChanged(clients);
+        final TetheredClient noAddrClient = notifyConnectedWifiClientsChanged(testMac2,
+                false /* isLocalOnly */);
+        final List<TetheredClient> p2pAndNoAddrClients = new ArrayList<>(p2pClients);
+        p2pAndNoAddrClients.add(noAddrClient);
+        callback.expectTetheredClientChanged(p2pAndNoAddrClients);
 
         // Update dhcp lease for wifi tethering.
-        clients.remove(noAddrClient);
-        final ArrayList<DhcpLeaseParcelable> wifiLeases = new ArrayList<>();
-        wifiLeases.add(createDhcpLeaseParcelable("clientId2", testMac2, "192.168.43.24", 24,
-                Long.MAX_VALUE, "test2"));
-        notifyDhcpLeasesChanged(wifiLeases, eventCallbacks);
-        clients.addAll(toTetheredClients(wifiLeases, TETHERING_WIFI));
-        callback.expectTetheredClientChanged(clients);
+        final DhcpLeaseParcelable wifiLease = createDhcpLeaseParcelable("clientId2", testMac2,
+                "192.168.43.24", 24, Long.MAX_VALUE, "test2");
+        final List<TetheredClient> p2pAndWifiClients = new ArrayList<>(p2pClients);
+        p2pAndWifiClients.addAll(notifyDhcpLeasesChanged(TETHERING_WIFI,
+                eventCallbacks, wifiLease));
+        callback.expectTetheredClientChanged(p2pAndWifiClients);
 
         // Test onStarted callback that register second callback when tethering is running.
         TestTetheringEventCallback callback2 = new TestTetheringEventCallback();
@@ -2531,18 +2580,74 @@
             mTethering.registerTetheringEventCallback(callback2);
             mLooper.dispatchAll();
         });
-        callback2.expectTetheredClientChanged(clients);
+        callback2.expectTetheredClientChanged(p2pAndWifiClients);
     }
 
-    private void notifyDhcpLeasesChanged(List<DhcpLeaseParcelable> leaseParcelables,
-            IDhcpEventCallbacks callback) throws Exception {
-        callback.onLeasesChanged(leaseParcelables);
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testUpdateConnectedClientsForLocalOnlyHotspot() throws Exception {
+        TestTetheringEventCallback callback = new TestTetheringEventCallback();
+        runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> {
+            mTethering.registerTetheringEventCallback(callback);
+            mLooper.dispatchAll();
+        });
+        callback.expectTetheredClientChanged(Collections.emptyList());
+
+        // Run local only hotspot.
+        mTethering.interfaceStatusChanged(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, true);
+        sendWifiApStateChanged(WIFI_AP_STATE_ENABLED, TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, IFACE_IP_MODE_LOCAL_ONLY);
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<IDhcpEventCallbacks> dhcpEventCbsCaptor =
+                 ArgumentCaptor.forClass(IDhcpEventCallbacks.class);
+        verify(mDhcpServer, timeout(DHCPSERVER_START_TIMEOUT_MS)).startWithCallbacks(
+                any(), dhcpEventCbsCaptor.capture());
+        final IDhcpEventCallbacks eventCallbacks = dhcpEventCbsCaptor.getValue();
+        // Update mac address from softAp callback before getting dhcp lease.
+        final MacAddress testMac = MacAddress.fromString("22:22:22:22:22:22");
+        final TetheredClient noAddrClient = notifyConnectedWifiClientsChanged(testMac,
+                true /* isLocalOnly */);
+        final List<TetheredClient> noAddrLocalOnlyClients = new ArrayList<>();
+        noAddrLocalOnlyClients.add(noAddrClient);
+        callback.expectTetheredClientChanged(noAddrLocalOnlyClients);
+
+        // Update dhcp lease for local only hotspot.
+        final DhcpLeaseParcelable wifiLease = createDhcpLeaseParcelable("clientId", testMac,
+                "192.168.43.24", 24, Long.MAX_VALUE, "test");
+        final List<TetheredClient> localOnlyClients = notifyDhcpLeasesChanged(TETHERING_WIFI,
+                eventCallbacks, wifiLease);
+        callback.expectTetheredClientChanged(localOnlyClients);
+
+        // Client disconnect from local only hotspot.
+        mLocalOnlyHotspotCallback.onConnectedClientsChanged(Collections.emptyList());
+        callback.expectTetheredClientChanged(Collections.emptyList());
+    }
+
+    private TetheredClient notifyConnectedWifiClientsChanged(final MacAddress mac,
+            boolean isLocalOnly) throws Exception {
+        final ArrayList<WifiClient> wifiClients = new ArrayList<>();
+        final WifiClient testClient = mock(WifiClient.class);
+        when(testClient.getMacAddress()).thenReturn(mac);
+        wifiClients.add(testClient);
+        if (isLocalOnly) {
+            mLocalOnlyHotspotCallback.onConnectedClientsChanged(wifiClients);
+        } else {
+            mSoftApCallback.onConnectedClientsChanged(wifiClients);
+        }
+        return new TetheredClient(mac, Collections.emptyList() /* addresses */, TETHERING_WIFI);
+    }
+
+    private List<TetheredClient> notifyDhcpLeasesChanged(int type, IDhcpEventCallbacks callback,
+            DhcpLeaseParcelable... leases) throws Exception {
+        final List<DhcpLeaseParcelable> dhcpLeases = Arrays.asList(leases);
+        callback.onLeasesChanged(dhcpLeases);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
+
+        return toTetheredClients(dhcpLeases, type);
     }
 
     private List<TetheredClient> toTetheredClients(List<DhcpLeaseParcelable> leaseParcelables,
             int type) throws Exception {
-        final ArrayList<TetheredClient> leases = new ArrayList<>();
+        final ArrayList<TetheredClient> clients = new ArrayList<>();
         for (DhcpLeaseParcelable lease : leaseParcelables) {
             final LinkAddress address = new LinkAddress(
                     intToInet4AddressHTH(lease.netAddr), lease.prefixLength,
@@ -2552,13 +2657,13 @@
             final MacAddress macAddress = MacAddress.fromBytes(lease.hwAddr);
 
             final AddressInfo addressInfo = new TetheredClient.AddressInfo(address, lease.hostname);
-            leases.add(new TetheredClient(
+            clients.add(new TetheredClient(
                     macAddress,
                     Collections.singletonList(addressInfo),
                     type));
         }
 
-        return leases;
+        return clients;
     }
 
     private DhcpLeaseParcelable createDhcpLeaseParcelable(final String clientId,
@@ -2583,7 +2688,8 @@
 
         final ResultListener result = new ResultListener(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
         mockBluetoothSettings(true /* bluetoothOn */, true /* tetheringOn */);
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH), result);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH),
+                TEST_CALLER_PKG, result);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verifySetBluetoothTethering(true /* enable */, true /* bindToPanService */);
         result.assertHasResult();
@@ -2618,7 +2724,8 @@
 
         final ResultListener result = new ResultListener(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
         mockBluetoothSettings(true /* bluetoothOn */, true /* tetheringOn */);
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH), result);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH),
+                TEST_CALLER_PKG, result);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verifySetBluetoothTethering(true /* enable */, true /* bindToPanService */);
         result.assertHasResult();
@@ -2639,7 +2746,8 @@
         // already bound.
         mockBluetoothSettings(true /* bluetoothOn */, true /* tetheringOn */);
         final ResultListener secondResult = new ResultListener(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH), secondResult);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH),
+                TEST_CALLER_PKG, secondResult);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verifySetBluetoothTethering(true /* enable */, false /* bindToPanService */);
         secondResult.assertHasResult();
@@ -2660,7 +2768,8 @@
     public void testBluetoothServiceDisconnects() throws Exception {
         final ResultListener result = new ResultListener(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
         mockBluetoothSettings(true /* bluetoothOn */, true /* tetheringOn */);
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH), result);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH),
+                TEST_CALLER_PKG, result);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         ServiceListener panListener = verifySetBluetoothTethering(true /* enable */,
                 true /* bindToPanService */);
@@ -2791,9 +2900,13 @@
     }
 
     private void forceUsbTetheringUse(final int function) {
-        Settings.Global.putInt(mContentResolver, TETHER_FORCE_USB_FUNCTIONS, function);
+        setSetting(TETHER_FORCE_USB_FUNCTIONS, function);
+    }
+
+    private void setSetting(final String key, final int value) {
+        Settings.Global.putInt(mContentResolver, key, value);
         final ContentObserver observer = mTethering.getSettingsObserverForTest();
-        observer.onChange(false /* selfChange */);
+        observer.onChange(false /* selfChange */, Settings.Global.getUriFor(key));
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
     }
 
@@ -2811,18 +2924,26 @@
         runNcmTethering();
         verify(mDhcpServer, timeout(DHCPSERVER_START_TIMEOUT_MS).times(1)).startWithCallbacks(
                 any(), any());
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).createBuilder(eq(TETHERING_NCM), anyString());
 
         // Change the USB tethering function to NCM. Because the USB tethering function was set to
         // RNDIS (the default), tethering is stopped.
         forceUsbTetheringUse(TETHER_USB_NCM_FUNCTION);
         verifyUsbTetheringStopDueToSettingChange(TEST_NCM_IFNAME);
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).updateErrorCode(anyInt(), eq(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR));
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).sendReport(eq(TETHERING_NCM));
 
         // If TETHERING_USB is forced to use ncm function, TETHERING_NCM would no longer be
         // available.
         final ResultListener ncmResult = new ResultListener(TETHER_ERROR_SERVICE_UNAVAIL);
-        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_NCM), ncmResult);
+        mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequestParcel(TETHERING_NCM), TEST_CALLER_PKG,
+                ncmResult);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         ncmResult.assertHasResult();
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics, times(2)).createBuilder(eq(TETHERING_NCM), anyString());
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).updateErrorCode(eq(TETHERING_NCM),
+                eq(TETHER_ERROR_SERVICE_UNAVAIL));
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics, times(2)).sendReport(eq(TETHERING_NCM));
 
         // Run TETHERING_USB with ncm configuration.
         runDualStackUsbTethering(TEST_NCM_IFNAME);
@@ -2836,53 +2957,93 @@
         runStopUSBTethering();
     }
 
+    public static ArraySet<Integer> getAllSupportedTetheringTypes() {
+        return new ArraySet<>(new Integer[] { TETHERING_USB, TETHERING_NCM, TETHERING_WIFI,
+                TETHERING_WIFI_P2P, TETHERING_BLUETOOTH, TETHERING_ETHERNET });
+    }
+
+    private void setUserRestricted(boolean restricted) {
+        final Bundle restrictions = new Bundle();
+        restrictions.putBoolean(UserManager.DISALLOW_CONFIG_TETHERING, restricted);
+        when(mUserManager.getUserRestrictions()).thenReturn(restrictions);
+        when(mUserManager.hasUserRestriction(
+                UserManager.DISALLOW_CONFIG_TETHERING)).thenReturn(restricted);
+
+        final Intent intent = new Intent(UserManager.ACTION_USER_RESTRICTIONS_CHANGED);
+        mServiceContext.sendBroadcastAsUser(intent, UserHandle.ALL);
+        mLooper.dispatchAll();
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testTetheringSupported() throws Exception {
-        setTetheringSupported(true /* supported */);
-        updateConfigAndVerifySupported(true /* supported */);
+        final ArraySet<Integer> expectedTypes = getAllSupportedTetheringTypes();
+        // Check tethering is supported after initialization.
+        TestTetheringEventCallback callback = new TestTetheringEventCallback();
+        mTethering.registerTetheringEventCallback(callback);
+        mLooper.dispatchAll();
+        verifySupported(callback, expectedTypes);
 
-        // Could disable tethering supported by settings.
-        Settings.Global.putInt(mContentResolver, Settings.Global.TETHER_SUPPORTED, 0);
-        updateConfigAndVerifySupported(false /* supported */);
+        // Could change tethering supported by settings.
+        setSetting(Settings.Global.TETHER_SUPPORTED, 0);
+        verifySupported(callback, new ArraySet<>());
+        setSetting(Settings.Global.TETHER_SUPPORTED, 1);
+        verifySupported(callback, expectedTypes);
 
-        // Could disable tethering supported by user restriction.
-        setTetheringSupported(true /* supported */);
-        when(mUserManager.hasUserRestriction(
-                UserManager.DISALLOW_CONFIG_TETHERING)).thenReturn(true);
-        updateConfigAndVerifySupported(false /* supported */);
+        // Could change tethering supported by user restriction.
+        setUserRestricted(true /* restricted */);
+        verifySupported(callback, new ArraySet<>());
+        setUserRestricted(false /* restricted */);
+        verifySupported(callback, expectedTypes);
 
-        // Tethering is supported if it has any supported downstream.
-        setTetheringSupported(true /* supported */);
+        // Usb tethering is not supported:
+        expectedTypes.remove(TETHERING_USB);
         when(mResources.getStringArray(R.array.config_tether_usb_regexs))
                 .thenReturn(new String[0]);
-        updateConfigAndVerifySupported(true /* supported */);
+        sendConfigurationChanged();
+        verifySupported(callback, expectedTypes);
+        // Wifi tethering is not supported:
+        expectedTypes.remove(TETHERING_WIFI);
         when(mResources.getStringArray(R.array.config_tether_wifi_regexs))
                 .thenReturn(new String[0]);
-        updateConfigAndVerifySupported(true /* supported */);
-
+        sendConfigurationChanged();
+        verifySupported(callback, expectedTypes);
+        // Bluetooth tethering is not supported:
+        expectedTypes.remove(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH);
+        when(mResources.getStringArray(R.array.config_tether_bluetooth_regexs))
+                .thenReturn(new String[0]);
 
         if (isAtLeastT()) {
-            when(mResources.getStringArray(R.array.config_tether_bluetooth_regexs))
-                    .thenReturn(new String[0]);
-            updateConfigAndVerifySupported(true /* supported */);
+            sendConfigurationChanged();
+            verifySupported(callback, expectedTypes);
+
+            // P2p tethering is not supported:
+            expectedTypes.remove(TETHERING_WIFI_P2P);
             when(mResources.getStringArray(R.array.config_tether_wifi_p2p_regexs))
                     .thenReturn(new String[0]);
-            updateConfigAndVerifySupported(true /* supported */);
+            sendConfigurationChanged();
+            verifySupported(callback, expectedTypes);
+            // Ncm tethering is not supported:
+            expectedTypes.remove(TETHERING_NCM);
             when(mResources.getStringArray(R.array.config_tether_ncm_regexs))
                     .thenReturn(new String[0]);
-            updateConfigAndVerifySupported(true /* supported */);
+            sendConfigurationChanged();
+            verifySupported(callback, expectedTypes);
+            // Ethernet tethering (last supported type) is not supported:
+            expectedTypes.remove(TETHERING_ETHERNET);
             mForceEthernetServiceUnavailable = true;
-            updateConfigAndVerifySupported(false /* supported */);
+            sendConfigurationChanged();
+            verifySupported(callback, new ArraySet<>());
         } else {
-            when(mResources.getStringArray(R.array.config_tether_bluetooth_regexs))
-                    .thenReturn(new String[0]);
-            updateConfigAndVerifySupported(false /* supported */);
+            // If wifi, usb and bluetooth are all not supported, all the types are not supported.
+            sendConfigurationChanged();
+            verifySupported(callback, new ArraySet<>());
         }
     }
 
-    private void updateConfigAndVerifySupported(boolean supported) {
-        sendConfigurationChanged();
-        assertEquals(supported, mTethering.isTetheringSupported());
+    private void verifySupported(final TestTetheringEventCallback callback,
+            final ArraySet<Integer> expectedTypes) {
+        assertEquals(expectedTypes.size() > 0, mTethering.isTetheringSupported());
+        callback.expectSupportedTetheringTypes(expectedTypes);
     }
     // TODO: Test that a request for hotspot mode doesn't interfere with an
     // already operating tethering mode interface.
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java
index 97cebd8..9b9507b 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.Looper;
 import android.os.Message;
@@ -60,6 +59,7 @@
 
 import com.android.internal.util.State;
 import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TestConnectivityManager.NetworkRequestInfo;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TestConnectivityManager.TestNetworkAgent;
 
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/metrics/TetheringMetricsTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/metrics/TetheringMetricsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a85718
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/metrics/TetheringMetricsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.networkstack.tethering.metrics;
+
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_BLUETOOTH;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_ETHERNET;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_NCM;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_USB;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_WIFI;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_WIFI_P2P;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_DHCPSERVER_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_DISABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_ENABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_ENTITLEMENT_UNKNOWN;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_IFACE_CFG_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ACCESS_TETHERING_PERMISSION;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_CHANGE_TETHERING_PERMISSION;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_PROVISIONING_FAILED;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_SERVICE_UNAVAIL;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_TETHER_IFACE_ERROR;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNAVAIL_IFACE;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_IFACE;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_TYPE;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNTETHER_IFACE_ERROR;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+import android.stats.connectivity.DownstreamType;
+import android.stats.connectivity.ErrorCode;
+import android.stats.connectivity.UpstreamType;
+import android.stats.connectivity.UserType;
+import android.util.Pair;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@SmallTest
+public final class TetheringMetricsTest {
+    private static final String TEST_CALLER_PKG = "com.test.caller.pkg";
+    private static final String SETTINGS_PKG = "com.android.settings";
+    private static final String SYSTEMUI_PKG = "com.android.systemui";
+    private static final String GMS_PKG = "com.google.android.gms";
+    private TetheringMetrics mTetheringMetrics;
+
+    private final NetworkTetheringReported.Builder mStatsBuilder =
+            NetworkTetheringReported.newBuilder();
+
+    private class MockTetheringMetrics extends TetheringMetrics {
+        @Override
+        public void write(final NetworkTetheringReported reported) { }
+    }
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mTetheringMetrics = spy(new MockTetheringMetrics());
+    }
+
+    private void verifyReport(DownstreamType downstream, ErrorCode error, UserType user)
+            throws Exception {
+        final NetworkTetheringReported expectedReport =
+                mStatsBuilder.setDownstreamType(downstream)
+                .setUserType(user)
+                .setUpstreamType(UpstreamType.UT_UNKNOWN)
+                .setErrorCode(error)
+                .build();
+        verify(mTetheringMetrics).write(expectedReport);
+    }
+
+    private void updateErrorAndSendReport(int downstream, int error) {
+        mTetheringMetrics.updateErrorCode(downstream, error);
+        mTetheringMetrics.sendReport(downstream);
+    }
+
+    private void runDownstreamTypesTest(final Pair<Integer, DownstreamType>... testPairs)
+            throws Exception {
+        for (Pair<Integer, DownstreamType> testPair : testPairs) {
+            final int type = testPair.first;
+            final DownstreamType expectedResult = testPair.second;
+
+            mTetheringMetrics.createBuilder(type, TEST_CALLER_PKG);
+            updateErrorAndSendReport(type, TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
+            verifyReport(expectedResult, ErrorCode.EC_NO_ERROR, UserType.USER_UNKNOWN);
+            reset(mTetheringMetrics);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDownstreamTypes() throws Exception {
+        runDownstreamTypesTest(new Pair<>(TETHERING_WIFI, DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_WIFI),
+                new Pair<>(TETHERING_WIFI_P2P, DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_WIFI_P2P),
+                new Pair<>(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH, DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_BLUETOOTH),
+                new Pair<>(TETHERING_USB, DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_USB),
+                new Pair<>(TETHERING_NCM, DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_NCM),
+                new Pair<>(TETHERING_ETHERNET, DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_ETHERNET));
+    }
+
+    private void runErrorCodesTest(final Pair<Integer, ErrorCode>... testPairs)
+            throws Exception {
+        for (Pair<Integer, ErrorCode> testPair : testPairs) {
+            final int errorCode = testPair.first;
+            final ErrorCode expectedResult = testPair.second;
+
+            mTetheringMetrics.createBuilder(TETHERING_WIFI, TEST_CALLER_PKG);
+            updateErrorAndSendReport(TETHERING_WIFI, errorCode);
+            verifyReport(DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_WIFI, expectedResult, UserType.USER_UNKNOWN);
+            reset(mTetheringMetrics);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testErrorCodes() throws Exception {
+        runErrorCodesTest(new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR, ErrorCode.EC_NO_ERROR),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_IFACE, ErrorCode.EC_UNKNOWN_IFACE),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_SERVICE_UNAVAIL, ErrorCode.EC_SERVICE_UNAVAIL),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, ErrorCode.EC_UNSUPPORTED),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_UNAVAIL_IFACE, ErrorCode.EC_UNAVAIL_IFACE),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR, ErrorCode.EC_INTERNAL_ERROR),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_TETHER_IFACE_ERROR, ErrorCode.EC_TETHER_IFACE_ERROR),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_UNTETHER_IFACE_ERROR, ErrorCode.EC_UNTETHER_IFACE_ERROR),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_ENABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR,
+                ErrorCode.EC_ENABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_DISABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR,
+                ErrorCode.EC_DISABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_IFACE_CFG_ERROR, ErrorCode.EC_IFACE_CFG_ERROR),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_PROVISIONING_FAILED, ErrorCode.EC_PROVISIONING_FAILED),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_DHCPSERVER_ERROR, ErrorCode.EC_DHCPSERVER_ERROR),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_ENTITLEMENT_UNKNOWN, ErrorCode.EC_ENTITLEMENT_UNKNOWN),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_NO_CHANGE_TETHERING_PERMISSION,
+                ErrorCode.EC_NO_CHANGE_TETHERING_PERMISSION),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ACCESS_TETHERING_PERMISSION,
+                ErrorCode.EC_NO_ACCESS_TETHERING_PERMISSION),
+                new Pair<>(TETHER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_TYPE, ErrorCode.EC_UNKNOWN_TYPE));
+    }
+
+    private void runUserTypesTest(final Pair<String, UserType>... testPairs)
+            throws Exception {
+        for (Pair<String, UserType> testPair : testPairs) {
+            final String callerPkg = testPair.first;
+            final UserType expectedResult = testPair.second;
+
+            mTetheringMetrics.createBuilder(TETHERING_WIFI, callerPkg);
+            updateErrorAndSendReport(TETHERING_WIFI, TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR);
+            verifyReport(DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_WIFI, ErrorCode.EC_NO_ERROR, expectedResult);
+            reset(mTetheringMetrics);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUserTypes() throws Exception {
+        runUserTypesTest(new Pair<>(TEST_CALLER_PKG, UserType.USER_UNKNOWN),
+                new Pair<>(SETTINGS_PKG, UserType.USER_SETTINGS),
+                new Pair<>(SYSTEMUI_PKG, UserType.USER_SYSTEMUI),
+                new Pair<>(GMS_PKG, UserType.USER_GMS));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testMultiBuildersCreatedBeforeSendReport() throws Exception {
+        mTetheringMetrics.createBuilder(TETHERING_WIFI, SETTINGS_PKG);
+        mTetheringMetrics.createBuilder(TETHERING_USB, SYSTEMUI_PKG);
+        mTetheringMetrics.createBuilder(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH, GMS_PKG);
+
+        updateErrorAndSendReport(TETHERING_WIFI, TETHER_ERROR_DHCPSERVER_ERROR);
+        verifyReport(DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_WIFI, ErrorCode.EC_DHCPSERVER_ERROR,
+                UserType.USER_SETTINGS);
+
+        updateErrorAndSendReport(TETHERING_USB, TETHER_ERROR_ENABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR);
+        verifyReport(DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_USB, ErrorCode.EC_ENABLE_FORWARDING_ERROR,
+                UserType.USER_SYSTEMUI);
+
+        updateErrorAndSendReport(TETHERING_BLUETOOTH, TETHER_ERROR_TETHER_IFACE_ERROR);
+        verifyReport(DownstreamType.DS_TETHERING_BLUETOOTH, ErrorCode.EC_TETHER_IFACE_ERROR,
+                UserType.USER_GMS);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/bpf_progs/Android.bp b/bpf_progs/Android.bp
index 1fe0e9a..8eb9cfd 100644
--- a/bpf_progs/Android.bp
+++ b/bpf_progs/Android.bp
@@ -25,8 +25,14 @@
     name: "bpf_connectivity_headers",
     vendor_available: false,
     host_supported: false,
-    header_libs: ["bpf_headers"],
-    export_header_lib_headers: ["bpf_headers"],
+    header_libs: [
+        "bpf_headers",
+        "netd_mainline_headers",
+    ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "bpf_headers",
+        "netd_mainline_headers",
+    ],
     export_include_dirs: ["."],
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
@@ -37,20 +43,17 @@
     apex_available: [
         "//apex_available:platform",
         "com.android.tethering",
-        ],
+    ],
     visibility: [
-        // TODO: remove it when NetworkStatsService is moved into the mainline module and no more
-        // calls to JNI in libservices.core.
-        "//frameworks/base/services/core/jni",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/netd",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/service",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/service/native/libs/libclat",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/Tethering",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/service/native",
-        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/tests/native",
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/tests/native/connectivity_native_test",
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/tests/native/utilities",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/tests/unit/jni",
-        "//system/netd/server",
         "//system/netd/tests",
     ],
 }
@@ -61,6 +64,7 @@
 bpf {
     name: "block.o",
     srcs: ["block.c"],
+    btf: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
@@ -69,8 +73,9 @@
 }
 
 bpf {
-    name: "dscp_policy.o",
-    srcs: ["dscp_policy.c"],
+    name: "dscpPolicy.o",
+    srcs: ["dscpPolicy.c"],
+    btf: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
@@ -88,6 +93,29 @@
 }
 
 bpf {
+    name: "offload@btf.o",
+    srcs: ["offload@btf.c"],
+    btf: true,
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-DBTF",
+    ],
+}
+
+bpf {
+    name: "offload@inprocess.o",
+    srcs: ["offload@inprocess.c"],
+    btf: true,
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-DBTF",
+        "-DINPROCESS",
+    ],
+}
+
+bpf {
     name: "test.o",
     srcs: ["test.c"],
     cflags: [
@@ -97,27 +125,48 @@
 }
 
 bpf {
-    name: "clatd.o_mainline",
-    srcs: ["clatd.c"],
+    name: "test@btf.o",
+    srcs: ["test@btf.c"],
+    btf: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
+        "-DBTF",
     ],
-    include_dirs: [
-        "frameworks/libs/net/common/netd/libnetdutils/include",
+}
+
+bpf {
+    name: "test@inprocess.o",
+    srcs: ["test@inprocess.c"],
+    btf: true,
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-DBTF",
+        "-DINPROCESS",
+    ],
+}
+
+bpf {
+    name: "clatd.o",
+    srcs: ["clatd.c"],
+    btf: true,
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
     ],
     sub_dir: "net_shared",
 }
 
 bpf {
-    name: "netd.o_mainline",
+    // WARNING: Android T's non-updatable netd depends on 'netd' string for xt_bpf programs it loads
+    name: "netd.o",
     srcs: ["netd.c"],
+    btf: true,
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
     ],
-    include_dirs: [
-        "frameworks/libs/net/common/netd/libnetdutils/include",
-    ],
-    sub_dir: "net_shared",
+    // WARNING: Android T's non-updatable netd depends on 'netd_shared' string for xt_bpf programs
+    sub_dir: "netd_shared",
 }
diff --git a/bpf_progs/block.c b/bpf_progs/block.c
index ddd9a1c..f2a3e62 100644
--- a/bpf_progs/block.c
+++ b/bpf_progs/block.c
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 
+// The resulting .o needs to load on the Android T beta 3 bpfloader
+#define BPFLOADER_MIN_VER BPFLOADER_T_BETA3_VERSION
+
 #include "bpf_helpers.h"
 
 #define ALLOW 1
diff --git a/bpf_progs/bpf_shared.h b/bpf_progs/bpf_shared.h
index 2ddc7b8..85b9f86 100644
--- a/bpf_progs/bpf_shared.h
+++ b/bpf_progs/bpf_shared.h
@@ -21,6 +21,11 @@
 #include <linux/in.h>
 #include <linux/in6.h>
 
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+#include <string_view>
+#include "XtBpfProgLocations.h"
+#endif
+
 // This header file is shared by eBPF kernel programs (C) and netd (C++) and
 // some of the maps are also accessed directly from Java mainline module code.
 //
@@ -98,30 +103,52 @@
 static const int CONFIGURATION_MAP_SIZE = 2;
 static const int UID_OWNER_MAP_SIZE = 2000;
 
-#define BPF_PATH "/sys/fs/bpf/"
+#ifdef __cplusplus
 
-#define BPF_EGRESS_PROG_PATH BPF_PATH "prog_netd_cgroupskb_egress_stats"
-#define BPF_INGRESS_PROG_PATH BPF_PATH "prog_netd_cgroupskb_ingress_stats"
-#define XT_BPF_INGRESS_PROG_PATH BPF_PATH "prog_netd_skfilter_ingress_xtbpf"
-#define XT_BPF_EGRESS_PROG_PATH BPF_PATH "prog_netd_skfilter_egress_xtbpf"
-#define XT_BPF_ALLOWLIST_PROG_PATH BPF_PATH "prog_netd_skfilter_allowlist_xtbpf"
-#define XT_BPF_DENYLIST_PROG_PATH BPF_PATH "prog_netd_skfilter_denylist_xtbpf"
-#define CGROUP_SOCKET_PROG_PATH BPF_PATH "prog_netd_cgroupsock_inet_create"
+#define BPF_NETD_PATH "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/"
+
+#define BPF_EGRESS_PROG_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "prog_netd_cgroupskb_egress_stats"
+#define BPF_INGRESS_PROG_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "prog_netd_cgroupskb_ingress_stats"
+
+#define ASSERT_STRING_EQUAL(s1, s2) \
+    static_assert(std::string_view(s1) == std::string_view(s2), "mismatch vs Android T netd")
+
+/* -=-=-=-=- WARNING -=-=-=-=-
+ *
+ * These 4 xt_bpf program paths are actually defined by:
+ *   //system/netd/include/mainline/XtBpfProgLocations.h
+ * which is intentionally a non-automerged location.
+ *
+ * They are *UNCHANGEABLE* due to being hard coded in Android T's netd binary
+ * as such we have compile time asserts that things match.
+ * (which will be validated during build on mainline-prod branch against old system/netd)
+ *
+ * If you break this, netd on T will fail to start with your tethering mainline module.
+ */
+ASSERT_STRING_EQUAL(XT_BPF_INGRESS_PROG_PATH,   BPF_NETD_PATH "prog_netd_skfilter_ingress_xtbpf");
+ASSERT_STRING_EQUAL(XT_BPF_EGRESS_PROG_PATH,    BPF_NETD_PATH "prog_netd_skfilter_egress_xtbpf");
+ASSERT_STRING_EQUAL(XT_BPF_ALLOWLIST_PROG_PATH, BPF_NETD_PATH "prog_netd_skfilter_allowlist_xtbpf");
+ASSERT_STRING_EQUAL(XT_BPF_DENYLIST_PROG_PATH,  BPF_NETD_PATH "prog_netd_skfilter_denylist_xtbpf");
+
+#define CGROUP_SOCKET_PROG_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "prog_netd_cgroupsock_inet_create"
 
 #define TC_BPF_INGRESS_ACCOUNT_PROG_NAME "prog_netd_schedact_ingress_account"
-#define TC_BPF_INGRESS_ACCOUNT_PROG_PATH BPF_PATH TC_BPF_INGRESS_ACCOUNT_PROG_NAME
+#define TC_BPF_INGRESS_ACCOUNT_PROG_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH TC_BPF_INGRESS_ACCOUNT_PROG_NAME
 
-#define COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH "map_netd_cookie_tag_map"
-#define UID_COUNTERSET_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH "map_netd_uid_counterset_map"
-#define APP_UID_STATS_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH "map_netd_app_uid_stats_map"
-#define STATS_MAP_A_PATH BPF_PATH "map_netd_stats_map_A"
-#define STATS_MAP_B_PATH BPF_PATH "map_netd_stats_map_B"
-#define IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH "map_netd_iface_index_name_map"
-#define IFACE_STATS_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH "map_netd_iface_stats_map"
-#define CONFIGURATION_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH "map_netd_configuration_map"
-#define UID_OWNER_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH "map_netd_uid_owner_map"
-#define UID_PERMISSION_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH "map_netd_uid_permission_map"
+#define COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "map_netd_cookie_tag_map"
+#define UID_COUNTERSET_MAP_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "map_netd_uid_counterset_map"
+#define APP_UID_STATS_MAP_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "map_netd_app_uid_stats_map"
+#define STATS_MAP_A_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "map_netd_stats_map_A"
+#define STATS_MAP_B_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "map_netd_stats_map_B"
+#define IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "map_netd_iface_index_name_map"
+#define IFACE_STATS_MAP_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "map_netd_iface_stats_map"
+#define CONFIGURATION_MAP_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "map_netd_configuration_map"
+#define UID_OWNER_MAP_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "map_netd_uid_owner_map"
+#define UID_PERMISSION_MAP_PATH BPF_NETD_PATH "map_netd_uid_permission_map"
 
+#endif // __cplusplus
+
+// LINT.IfChange(match_type)
 enum UidOwnerMatchType {
     NO_MATCH = 0,
     HAPPY_BOX_MATCH = (1 << 0),
@@ -132,7 +159,12 @@
     RESTRICTED_MATCH = (1 << 5),
     LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH = (1 << 6),
     IIF_MATCH = (1 << 7),
+    LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH = (1 << 8),
+    OEM_DENY_1_MATCH = (1 << 9),
+    OEM_DENY_2_MATCH = (1 << 10),
+    OEM_DENY_3_MATCH = (1 << 11),
 };
+// LINT.ThenChange(packages/modules/Connectivity/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java)
 
 enum BpfPermissionMatch {
     BPF_PERMISSION_INTERNET = 1 << 2,
@@ -146,9 +178,9 @@
     SELECT_MAP_B,
 };
 
-// TODO: change the configuration object from an 8-bit bitmask to an object with clearer
+// TODO: change the configuration object from a bitmask to an object with clearer
 // semantics, like a struct.
-typedef uint8_t BpfConfig;
+typedef uint32_t BpfConfig;
 static const BpfConfig DEFAULT_CONFIG = 0;
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -159,16 +191,10 @@
 } UidOwnerValue;
 STRUCT_SIZE(UidOwnerValue, 2 * 4);  // 8
 
-#define UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY 1
-#define CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY 2
-
-#define CLAT_INGRESS6_PROG_RAWIP_NAME "prog_clatd_schedcls_ingress6_clat_rawip"
-#define CLAT_INGRESS6_PROG_ETHER_NAME "prog_clatd_schedcls_ingress6_clat_ether"
-
-#define CLAT_INGRESS6_PROG_RAWIP_PATH BPF_PATH CLAT_INGRESS6_PROG_RAWIP_NAME
-#define CLAT_INGRESS6_PROG_ETHER_PATH BPF_PATH CLAT_INGRESS6_PROG_ETHER_NAME
-
-#define CLAT_INGRESS6_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH "map_clatd_clat_ingress6_map"
+// Entry in the configuration map that stores which UID rules are enabled.
+#define UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY 0
+// Entry in the configuration map that stores which stats map is currently in use.
+#define CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY 1
 
 typedef struct {
     uint32_t iif;            // The input interface index
@@ -183,14 +209,6 @@
 } ClatIngress6Value;
 STRUCT_SIZE(ClatIngress6Value, 4 + 4);  // 8
 
-#define CLAT_EGRESS4_PROG_RAWIP_NAME "prog_clatd_schedcls_egress4_clat_rawip"
-#define CLAT_EGRESS4_PROG_ETHER_NAME "prog_clatd_schedcls_egress4_clat_ether"
-
-#define CLAT_EGRESS4_PROG_RAWIP_PATH BPF_PATH CLAT_EGRESS4_PROG_RAWIP_NAME
-#define CLAT_EGRESS4_PROG_ETHER_PATH BPF_PATH CLAT_EGRESS4_PROG_ETHER_NAME
-
-#define CLAT_EGRESS4_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH "map_clatd_clat_egress4_map"
-
 typedef struct {
     uint32_t iif;           // The input interface index
     struct in_addr local4;  // The source IPv4 address
diff --git a/bpf_progs/bpf_tethering.h b/bpf_progs/bpf_tethering.h
index b0ec8f6..9dae6c9 100644
--- a/bpf_progs/bpf_tethering.h
+++ b/bpf_progs/bpf_tethering.h
@@ -26,31 +26,33 @@
 // - The BPF programs in Tethering/bpf_progs/
 // - JNI code that depends on the bpf_connectivity_headers library.
 
-#define BPF_TETHER_ERRORS    \
-    ERR(INVALID_IP_VERSION)  \
-    ERR(LOW_TTL)             \
-    ERR(INVALID_TCP_HEADER)  \
-    ERR(TCP_CONTROL_PACKET)  \
-    ERR(NON_GLOBAL_SRC)      \
-    ERR(NON_GLOBAL_DST)      \
-    ERR(LOCAL_SRC_DST)       \
-    ERR(NO_STATS_ENTRY)      \
-    ERR(NO_LIMIT_ENTRY)      \
-    ERR(BELOW_IPV4_MTU)      \
-    ERR(BELOW_IPV6_MTU)      \
-    ERR(LIMIT_REACHED)       \
-    ERR(CHANGE_HEAD_FAILED)  \
-    ERR(TOO_SHORT)           \
-    ERR(HAS_IP_OPTIONS)      \
-    ERR(IS_IP_FRAG)          \
-    ERR(CHECKSUM)            \
-    ERR(NON_TCP_UDP)         \
-    ERR(NON_TCP)             \
-    ERR(SHORT_L4_HEADER)     \
-    ERR(SHORT_TCP_HEADER)    \
-    ERR(SHORT_UDP_HEADER)    \
-    ERR(UDP_CSUM_ZERO)       \
-    ERR(TRUNCATED_IPV4)      \
+#define BPF_TETHER_ERRORS     \
+    ERR(INVALID_IPV4_VERSION) \
+    ERR(INVALID_IPV6_VERSION) \
+    ERR(LOW_TTL)              \
+    ERR(INVALID_TCP_HEADER)   \
+    ERR(TCPV4_CONTROL_PACKET) \
+    ERR(TCPV6_CONTROL_PACKET) \
+    ERR(NON_GLOBAL_SRC)       \
+    ERR(NON_GLOBAL_DST)       \
+    ERR(LOCAL_SRC_DST)        \
+    ERR(NO_STATS_ENTRY)       \
+    ERR(NO_LIMIT_ENTRY)       \
+    ERR(BELOW_IPV4_MTU)       \
+    ERR(BELOW_IPV6_MTU)       \
+    ERR(LIMIT_REACHED)        \
+    ERR(CHANGE_HEAD_FAILED)   \
+    ERR(TOO_SHORT)            \
+    ERR(HAS_IP_OPTIONS)       \
+    ERR(IS_IP_FRAG)           \
+    ERR(CHECKSUM)             \
+    ERR(NON_TCP_UDP)          \
+    ERR(NON_TCP)              \
+    ERR(SHORT_L4_HEADER)      \
+    ERR(SHORT_TCP_HEADER)     \
+    ERR(SHORT_UDP_HEADER)     \
+    ERR(UDP_CSUM_ZERO)        \
+    ERR(TRUNCATED_IPV4)       \
     ERR(_MAX)
 
 #define ERR(x) BPF_TETHER_ERR_ ##x,
@@ -73,10 +75,6 @@
 #define STRUCT_SIZE(name, size) _Static_assert(sizeof(name) == (size), "Incorrect struct size.")
 
 
-#define BPF_PATH_TETHER BPF_PATH "tethering/"
-
-#define TETHER_STATS_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER "map_offload_tether_stats_map"
-
 typedef uint32_t TetherStatsKey;  // upstream ifindex
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -89,19 +87,9 @@
 } TetherStatsValue;
 STRUCT_SIZE(TetherStatsValue, 6 * 8);  // 48
 
-#define TETHER_LIMIT_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER "map_offload_tether_limit_map"
-
 typedef uint32_t TetherLimitKey;    // upstream ifindex
 typedef uint64_t TetherLimitValue;  // in bytes
 
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM6_TC_PROG_RAWIP_NAME "prog_offload_schedcls_tether_downstream6_rawip"
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM6_TC_PROG_ETHER_NAME "prog_offload_schedcls_tether_downstream6_ether"
-
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM6_TC_PROG_RAWIP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_DOWNSTREAM6_TC_PROG_RAWIP_NAME
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM6_TC_PROG_ETHER_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_DOWNSTREAM6_TC_PROG_ETHER_NAME
-
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM6_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER "map_offload_tether_downstream6_map"
-
 // For now tethering offload only needs to support downstreams that use 6-byte MAC addresses,
 // because all downstream types that are currently supported (WiFi, USB, Bluetooth and
 // Ethernet) have 6-byte MAC addresses.
@@ -121,8 +109,6 @@
 } Tether6Value;
 STRUCT_SIZE(Tether6Value, 4 + 14 + 2);  // 20
 
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM64_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER "map_offload_tether_downstream64_map"
-
 typedef struct {
     uint32_t iif;              // The input interface index
     uint8_t dstMac[ETH_ALEN];  // destination ethernet mac address (zeroed iff rawip ingress)
@@ -146,14 +132,6 @@
 } TetherDownstream64Value;
 STRUCT_SIZE(TetherDownstream64Value, 4 + 14 + 2 + 4 + 4 + 2 + 2 + 8);  // 40
 
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM6_TC_PROG_RAWIP_NAME "prog_offload_schedcls_tether_upstream6_rawip"
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM6_TC_PROG_ETHER_NAME "prog_offload_schedcls_tether_upstream6_ether"
-
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM6_TC_PROG_RAWIP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_UPSTREAM6_TC_PROG_RAWIP_NAME
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM6_TC_PROG_ETHER_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_UPSTREAM6_TC_PROG_ETHER_NAME
-
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM6_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER "map_offload_tether_upstream6_map"
-
 typedef struct {
     uint32_t iif;              // The input interface index
     uint8_t dstMac[ETH_ALEN];  // destination ethernet mac address (zeroed iff rawip ingress)
@@ -162,23 +140,6 @@
 } TetherUpstream6Key;
 STRUCT_SIZE(TetherUpstream6Key, 12);
 
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM4_TC_PROG_RAWIP_NAME "prog_offload_schedcls_tether_downstream4_rawip"
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM4_TC_PROG_ETHER_NAME "prog_offload_schedcls_tether_downstream4_ether"
-
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM4_TC_PROG_RAWIP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_DOWNSTREAM4_TC_PROG_RAWIP_NAME
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM4_TC_PROG_ETHER_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_DOWNSTREAM4_TC_PROG_ETHER_NAME
-
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM4_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER "map_offload_tether_downstream4_map"
-
-
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM4_TC_PROG_RAWIP_NAME "prog_offload_schedcls_tether_upstream4_rawip"
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM4_TC_PROG_ETHER_NAME "prog_offload_schedcls_tether_upstream4_ether"
-
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM4_TC_PROG_RAWIP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_UPSTREAM4_TC_PROG_RAWIP_NAME
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM4_TC_PROG_ETHER_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_UPSTREAM4_TC_PROG_ETHER_NAME
-
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM4_MAP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER "map_offload_tether_upstream4_map"
-
 typedef struct {
     uint32_t iif;              // The input interface index
     uint8_t dstMac[ETH_ALEN];  // destination ethernet mac address (zeroed iff rawip ingress)
@@ -202,16 +163,4 @@
 } Tether4Value;
 STRUCT_SIZE(Tether4Value, 4 + 14 + 2 + 16 + 16 + 2 + 2 + 8);  // 64
 
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM_XDP_PROG_RAWIP_NAME "prog_offload_xdp_tether_downstream_rawip"
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM_XDP_PROG_ETHER_NAME "prog_offload_xdp_tether_downstream_ether"
-
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM_XDP_PROG_RAWIP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_DOWNSTREAM_XDP_PROG_RAWIP_NAME
-#define TETHER_DOWNSTREAM_XDP_PROG_ETHER_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_DOWNSTREAM_XDP_PROG_ETHER_NAME
-
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM_XDP_PROG_RAWIP_NAME "prog_offload_xdp_tether_upstream_rawip"
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM_XDP_PROG_ETHER_NAME "prog_offload_xdp_tether_upstream_ether"
-
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM_XDP_PROG_RAWIP_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_UPSTREAM_XDP_PROG_RAWIP_NAME
-#define TETHER_UPSTREAM_XDP_PROG_ETHER_PATH BPF_PATH_TETHER TETHER_UPSTREAM_XDP_PROG_ETHER_NAME
-
 #undef STRUCT_SIZE
diff --git a/bpf_progs/clat_mark.h b/bpf_progs/clat_mark.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..874d6ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bpf_progs/clat_mark.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+/* -=-=-=-=-= WARNING -=-=-=-=-=-
+ *
+ * DO *NOT* *EVER* CHANGE THIS CONSTANT
+ *
+ * This is aidl::android::net::INetd::CLAT_MARK but we can't use that from
+ * pure C code (ie. the eBPF clat program).
+ *
+ * It must match the iptables rules setup by netd on Android T.
+ *
+ * This mark value is used by the eBPF clatd program to mark ingress non-offloaded clat
+ * packets for later dropping in ip6tables bw_raw_PREROUTING.
+ * They need to be dropped *after* the clat daemon (via receive on an AF_PACKET socket)
+ * sees them and thus cannot be dropped from the bpf program itself.
+ */
+static const uint32_t CLAT_MARK = 0xDEADC1A7;
diff --git a/bpf_progs/clatd.c b/bpf_progs/clatd.c
index 9a9d337..a2214dc 100644
--- a/bpf_progs/clatd.c
+++ b/bpf_progs/clatd.c
@@ -30,19 +30,17 @@
 #define __kernel_udphdr udphdr
 #include <linux/udp.h>
 
+// The resulting .o needs to load on the Android T beta 3 bpfloader
+#define BPFLOADER_MIN_VER BPFLOADER_T_BETA3_VERSION
+
 #include "bpf_helpers.h"
 #include "bpf_net_helpers.h"
 #include "bpf_shared.h"
+#include "clat_mark.h"
 
 // From kernel:include/net/ip.h
 #define IP_DF 0x4000  // Flag: "Don't Fragment"
 
-// Used for iptables drops ingress clat packet. Beware of clat mark change may break the device
-// which is using the old clat mark in netd platform code. The reason is that the clat mark is a
-// mainline constant since T+ but netd iptable rules (ex: bandwidth control, firewall, and so on)
-// are set in stone.
-#define CLAT_MARK 0xdeadc1a7
-
 DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(clat_ingress6_map, HASH, ClatIngress6Key, ClatIngress6Value, 16, AID_SYSTEM)
 
 static inline __always_inline int nat64(struct __sk_buff* skb, bool is_ethernet) {
@@ -344,4 +342,4 @@
 }
 
 LICENSE("Apache 2.0");
-CRITICAL("netd");
+CRITICAL("Connectivity");
diff --git a/bpf_progs/dscpPolicy.c b/bpf_progs/dscpPolicy.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72f63c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bpf_progs/dscpPolicy.c
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/bpf.h>
+#include <linux/if_ether.h>
+#include <linux/if_packet.h>
+#include <linux/ip.h>
+#include <linux/ipv6.h>
+#include <linux/pkt_cls.h>
+#include <linux/tcp.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <netinet/udp.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+// The resulting .o needs to load on the Android T beta 3 bpfloader
+#define BPFLOADER_MIN_VER BPFLOADER_T_BETA3_VERSION
+
+#include "bpf_helpers.h"
+#include "dscpPolicy.h"
+
+#define ECN_MASK 3
+#define IP4_OFFSET(field, header) ((header) + offsetof(struct iphdr, field))
+#define UPDATE_TOS(dscp, tos) ((dscp) << 2) | ((tos) & ECN_MASK)
+
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(socket_policy_cache_map, HASH, uint64_t, RuleEntry, CACHE_MAP_SIZE, AID_SYSTEM)
+
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(ipv4_dscp_policies_map, ARRAY, uint32_t, DscpPolicy, MAX_POLICIES, AID_SYSTEM)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(ipv6_dscp_policies_map, ARRAY, uint32_t, DscpPolicy, MAX_POLICIES, AID_SYSTEM)
+
+static inline __always_inline void match_policy(struct __sk_buff* skb, bool ipv4) {
+    void* data = (void*)(long)skb->data;
+    const void* data_end = (void*)(long)skb->data_end;
+
+    const int l2_header_size = sizeof(struct ethhdr);
+    struct ethhdr* eth = data;
+
+    if (data + l2_header_size > data_end) return;
+
+    int hdr_size = 0;
+
+    // used for map lookup
+    uint64_t cookie = bpf_get_socket_cookie(skb);
+    if (!cookie) return;
+
+    __be16 sport = 0;
+    uint16_t dport = 0;
+    uint8_t protocol = 0;  // TODO: Use are reserved value? Or int (-1) and cast to uint below?
+    struct in6_addr src_ip = {};
+    struct in6_addr dst_ip = {};
+    uint8_t tos = 0;            // Only used for IPv4
+    __be32 old_first_be32 = 0;  // Only used for IPv6
+    if (ipv4) {
+        const struct iphdr* const iph = (void*)(eth + 1);
+        hdr_size = l2_header_size + sizeof(struct iphdr);
+        // Must have ipv4 header
+        if (data + hdr_size > data_end) return;
+
+        // IP version must be 4
+        if (iph->version != 4) return;
+
+        // We cannot handle IP options, just standard 20 byte == 5 dword minimal IPv4 header
+        if (iph->ihl != 5) return;
+
+        // V4 mapped address in in6_addr sets 10/11 position to 0xff.
+        src_ip.s6_addr32[2] = htonl(0x0000ffff);
+        dst_ip.s6_addr32[2] = htonl(0x0000ffff);
+
+        // Copy IPv4 address into in6_addr for easy comparison below.
+        src_ip.s6_addr32[3] = iph->saddr;
+        dst_ip.s6_addr32[3] = iph->daddr;
+        protocol = iph->protocol;
+        tos = iph->tos;
+    } else {
+        struct ipv6hdr* ip6h = (void*)(eth + 1);
+        hdr_size = l2_header_size + sizeof(struct ipv6hdr);
+        // Must have ipv6 header
+        if (data + hdr_size > data_end) return;
+
+        if (ip6h->version != 6) return;
+
+        src_ip = ip6h->saddr;
+        dst_ip = ip6h->daddr;
+        protocol = ip6h->nexthdr;
+        old_first_be32 = *(__be32*)ip6h;
+    }
+
+    switch (protocol) {
+        case IPPROTO_UDP:
+        case IPPROTO_UDPLITE: {
+            struct udphdr* udp;
+            udp = data + hdr_size;
+            if ((void*)(udp + 1) > data_end) return;
+            sport = udp->source;
+            dport = ntohs(udp->dest);
+        } break;
+        case IPPROTO_TCP: {
+            struct tcphdr* tcp;
+            tcp = data + hdr_size;
+            if ((void*)(tcp + 1) > data_end) return;
+            sport = tcp->source;
+            dport = ntohs(tcp->dest);
+        } break;
+        default:
+            return;
+    }
+
+    RuleEntry* existing_rule = bpf_socket_policy_cache_map_lookup_elem(&cookie);
+
+    if (existing_rule &&
+        v6_equal(src_ip, existing_rule->src_ip) &&
+        v6_equal(dst_ip, existing_rule->dst_ip) &&
+        skb->ifindex == existing_rule->ifindex &&
+        sport == existing_rule->src_port &&
+        dport == existing_rule->dst_port &&
+        protocol == existing_rule->proto) {
+        if (existing_rule->dscp_val < 0) return;
+        if (ipv4) {
+            uint8_t newTos = UPDATE_TOS(existing_rule->dscp_val, tos);
+            bpf_l3_csum_replace(skb, IP4_OFFSET(check, l2_header_size), htons(tos), htons(newTos),
+                                sizeof(uint16_t));
+            bpf_skb_store_bytes(skb, IP4_OFFSET(tos, l2_header_size), &newTos, sizeof(newTos), 0);
+        } else {
+            __be32 new_first_be32 =
+                htonl(ntohl(old_first_be32) & 0xF03FFFFF | (existing_rule->dscp_val << 22));
+            bpf_skb_store_bytes(skb, l2_header_size, &new_first_be32, sizeof(__be32),
+                BPF_F_RECOMPUTE_CSUM);
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Linear scan ipv4_dscp_policies_map since no stored params match skb.
+    int best_score = 0;
+    int8_t new_dscp = -1;
+
+    for (register uint64_t i = 0; i < MAX_POLICIES; i++) {
+        // Using a uint64 in for loop prevents infinite loop during BPF load,
+        // but the key is uint32, so convert back.
+        uint32_t key = i;
+
+        DscpPolicy* policy;
+        if (ipv4) {
+            policy = bpf_ipv4_dscp_policies_map_lookup_elem(&key);
+        } else {
+            policy = bpf_ipv6_dscp_policies_map_lookup_elem(&key);
+        }
+
+        // If the policy lookup failed, just continue (this should not ever happen)
+        if (!policy) continue;
+
+        // If policy iface index does not match skb, then skip to next policy.
+        if (policy->ifindex != skb->ifindex) continue;
+
+        int score = 0;
+
+        if (policy->present_fields & PROTO_MASK_FLAG) {
+            if (protocol != policy->proto) continue;
+            score += 0xFFFF;
+        }
+        if (policy->present_fields & SRC_IP_MASK_FLAG) {
+            if (v6_not_equal(src_ip, policy->src_ip)) continue;
+            score += 0xFFFF;
+        }
+        if (policy->present_fields & DST_IP_MASK_FLAG) {
+            if (v6_not_equal(dst_ip, policy->dst_ip)) continue;
+            score += 0xFFFF;
+        }
+        if (policy->present_fields & SRC_PORT_MASK_FLAG) {
+            if (sport != policy->src_port) continue;
+            score += 0xFFFF;
+        }
+        if (dport < policy->dst_port_start) continue;
+        if (dport > policy->dst_port_end) continue;
+        score += 0xFFFF + policy->dst_port_start - policy->dst_port_end;
+
+        if (score > best_score) {
+            best_score = score;
+            new_dscp = policy->dscp_val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    RuleEntry value = {
+        .src_ip = src_ip,
+        .dst_ip = dst_ip,
+        .ifindex = skb->ifindex,
+        .src_port = sport,
+        .dst_port = dport,
+        .proto = protocol,
+        .dscp_val = new_dscp,
+    };
+
+    // Update cache with found policy.
+    bpf_socket_policy_cache_map_update_elem(&cookie, &value, BPF_ANY);
+
+    if (new_dscp < 0) return;
+
+    // Need to store bytes after updating map or program will not load.
+    if (ipv4) {
+        uint8_t new_tos = UPDATE_TOS(new_dscp, tos);
+        bpf_l3_csum_replace(skb, IP4_OFFSET(check, l2_header_size), htons(tos), htons(new_tos), 2);
+        bpf_skb_store_bytes(skb, IP4_OFFSET(tos, l2_header_size), &new_tos, sizeof(new_tos), 0);
+    } else {
+        __be32 new_first_be32 = htonl(ntohl(old_first_be32) & 0xF03FFFFF | (new_dscp << 22));
+        bpf_skb_store_bytes(skb, l2_header_size, &new_first_be32, sizeof(__be32),
+            BPF_F_RECOMPUTE_CSUM);
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/set_dscp_ether", AID_ROOT, AID_SYSTEM, schedcls_set_dscp_ether,
+                     KVER(5, 15, 0))
+(struct __sk_buff* skb) {
+    if (skb->pkt_type != PACKET_HOST) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
+
+    if (skb->protocol == htons(ETH_P_IP)) {
+        match_policy(skb, true);
+    } else if (skb->protocol == htons(ETH_P_IPV6)) {
+        match_policy(skb, false);
+    }
+
+    // Always return TC_ACT_PIPE
+    return TC_ACT_PIPE;
+}
+
+LICENSE("Apache 2.0");
+CRITICAL("Connectivity");
diff --git a/bpf_progs/dscpPolicy.h b/bpf_progs/dscpPolicy.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e565966
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bpf_progs/dscpPolicy.h
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define CACHE_MAP_SIZE 1024
+#define MAX_POLICIES 16
+
+#define SRC_IP_MASK_FLAG     1
+#define DST_IP_MASK_FLAG     2
+#define SRC_PORT_MASK_FLAG   4
+#define PROTO_MASK_FLAG      8
+
+#define STRUCT_SIZE(name, size) _Static_assert(sizeof(name) == (size), "Incorrect struct size.")
+
+// Retrieve the first (ie. high) 64 bits of an IPv6 address (in network order)
+#define v6_hi_be64(v) (*(uint64_t*)&((v).s6_addr32[0]))
+
+// Retrieve the last (ie. low) 64 bits of an IPv6 address (in network order)
+#define v6_lo_be64(v) (*(uint64_t*)&((v).s6_addr32[2]))
+
+// This returns a non-zero u64 iff a != b
+#define v6_not_equal(a, b) ((v6_hi_be64(a) ^ v6_hi_be64(b)) \
+                          | (v6_lo_be64(a) ^ v6_lo_be64(b)))
+
+// Returns 'a == b' as boolean
+#define v6_equal(a, b) (!v6_not_equal((a), (b)))
+
+// TODO: these are already defined in packages/modules/Connectivity/bpf_progs/bpf_net_helpers.h.
+// smove to common location in future.
+static uint64_t (*bpf_get_socket_cookie)(struct __sk_buff* skb) =
+        (void*)BPF_FUNC_get_socket_cookie;
+static int (*bpf_skb_store_bytes)(struct __sk_buff* skb, __u32 offset, const void* from, __u32 len,
+                                  __u64 flags) = (void*)BPF_FUNC_skb_store_bytes;
+static int (*bpf_l3_csum_replace)(struct __sk_buff* skb, __u32 offset, __u64 from, __u64 to,
+                                  __u64 flags) = (void*)BPF_FUNC_l3_csum_replace;
+static long (*bpf_skb_ecn_set_ce)(struct __sk_buff* skb) =
+        (void*)BPF_FUNC_skb_ecn_set_ce;
+
+typedef struct {
+    struct in6_addr src_ip;
+    struct in6_addr dst_ip;
+    uint32_t ifindex;
+    __be16 src_port;
+    uint16_t dst_port_start;
+    uint16_t dst_port_end;
+    uint8_t proto;
+    int8_t dscp_val;  // -1 none, or 0..63 DSCP value
+    uint8_t present_fields;
+    uint8_t pad[3];
+} DscpPolicy;
+STRUCT_SIZE(DscpPolicy, 2 * 16 + 4 + 3 * 2 + 3 * 1 + 3);  // 48
+
+typedef struct {
+    struct in6_addr src_ip;
+    struct in6_addr dst_ip;
+    uint32_t ifindex;
+    __be16 src_port;
+    uint16_t dst_port;
+    uint8_t proto;
+    int8_t dscp_val;  // -1 none, or 0..63 DSCP value
+    uint8_t pad[2];
+} RuleEntry;
+STRUCT_SIZE(RuleEntry, 2 * 16 + 1 * 4 + 2 * 2 + 2 * 1 + 2);  // 44
diff --git a/bpf_progs/dscp_policy.c b/bpf_progs/dscp_policy.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 9989e6b..0000000
--- a/bpf_progs/dscp_policy.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,280 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#include <linux/types.h>
-#include <linux/bpf.h>
-#include <linux/ip.h>
-#include <linux/ipv6.h>
-#include <linux/if_ether.h>
-#include <linux/pkt_cls.h>
-#include <linux/tcp.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <netinet/in.h>
-#include <netinet/udp.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include "bpf_helpers.h"
-
-#define MAX_POLICIES 16
-#define MAP_A 1
-#define MAP_B 2
-
-#define STRUCT_SIZE(name, size) _Static_assert(sizeof(name) == (size), "Incorrect struct size.")
-
-// TODO: these are already defined in /system/netd/bpf_progs/bpf_net_helpers.h
-// should they be moved to common location?
-static uint64_t (*bpf_get_socket_cookie)(struct __sk_buff* skb) =
-        (void*)BPF_FUNC_get_socket_cookie;
-static int (*bpf_skb_store_bytes)(struct __sk_buff* skb, __u32 offset, const void* from, __u32 len,
-                                  __u64 flags) = (void*)BPF_FUNC_skb_store_bytes;
-static int (*bpf_l3_csum_replace)(struct __sk_buff* skb, __u32 offset, __u64 from, __u64 to,
-                                  __u64 flags) = (void*)BPF_FUNC_l3_csum_replace;
-
-typedef struct {
-    // Add family here to match __sk_buff ?
-    struct in_addr srcIp;
-    struct in_addr dstIp;
-    __be16 srcPort;
-    __be16 dstPort;
-    uint8_t proto;
-    uint8_t dscpVal;
-    uint8_t pad[2];
-} Ipv4RuleEntry;
-STRUCT_SIZE(Ipv4RuleEntry, 2 * 4 + 2 * 2 + 2 * 1 + 2);  // 16, 4 for in_addr
-
-#define SRC_IP_MASK     1
-#define DST_IP_MASK     2
-#define SRC_PORT_MASK   4
-#define DST_PORT_MASK   8
-#define PROTO_MASK      16
-
-typedef struct {
-    struct in6_addr srcIp;
-    struct in6_addr dstIp;
-    __be16 srcPort;
-    __be16 dstPortStart;
-    __be16 dstPortEnd;
-    uint8_t proto;
-    uint8_t dscpVal;
-    uint8_t mask;
-    uint8_t pad[3];
-} Ipv4Policy;
-STRUCT_SIZE(Ipv4Policy, 2 * 16 + 3 * 2 + 3 * 1 + 3);  // 44
-
-typedef struct {
-    struct in6_addr srcIp;
-    struct in6_addr dstIp;
-    __be16 srcPort;
-    __be16 dstPortStart;
-    __be16 dstPortEnd;
-    uint8_t proto;
-    uint8_t dscpVal;
-    uint8_t mask;
-    // should we override this struct to include the param bitmask for linear search?
-    // For mapping socket to policies, all the params should match exactly since we can
-    // pull any missing from the sock itself.
-} Ipv6RuleEntry;
-STRUCT_SIZE(Ipv6RuleEntry, 2 * 16 + 3 * 2 + 3 * 1 + 3);  // 44
-
-// TODO: move to using 1 map. Map v4 address to 0xffff::v4
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(ipv4_socket_to_policies_map_A, HASH, uint64_t, Ipv4RuleEntry, MAX_POLICIES,
-        AID_SYSTEM)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(ipv4_socket_to_policies_map_B, HASH, uint64_t, Ipv4RuleEntry, MAX_POLICIES,
-        AID_SYSTEM)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(ipv6_socket_to_policies_map_A, HASH, uint64_t, Ipv6RuleEntry, MAX_POLICIES,
-        AID_SYSTEM)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(ipv6_socket_to_policies_map_B, HASH, uint64_t, Ipv6RuleEntry, MAX_POLICIES,
-        AID_SYSTEM)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(switch_comp_map, ARRAY, int, uint64_t, 1, AID_SYSTEM)
-
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(ipv4_dscp_policies_map, ARRAY, uint32_t, Ipv4Policy, MAX_POLICIES,
-        AID_SYSTEM)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(ipv6_dscp_policies_map, ARRAY, uint32_t, Ipv6RuleEntry, MAX_POLICIES,
-        AID_SYSTEM)
-
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/set_dscp", AID_ROOT, AID_SYSTEM,
-                     schedcls_set_dscp, KVER(5, 4, 0))
-(struct __sk_buff* skb) {
-    int one = 0;
-    uint64_t* selectedMap = bpf_switch_comp_map_lookup_elem(&one);
-
-    // use this with HASH map so map lookup only happens once policies have been added?
-    if (!selectedMap) {
-        return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-    }
-
-    // used for map lookup
-    uint64_t cookie = bpf_get_socket_cookie(skb);
-
-    // Do we need separate maps for ipv4/ipv6
-    if (skb->protocol == htons(ETH_P_IP)) { //maybe bpf_htons()
-        Ipv4RuleEntry* v4Policy;
-        if (*selectedMap == MAP_A) {
-            v4Policy = bpf_ipv4_socket_to_policies_map_A_lookup_elem(&cookie);
-        } else {
-            v4Policy = bpf_ipv4_socket_to_policies_map_B_lookup_elem(&cookie);
-        }
-
-        // How to use bitmask here to compare params efficiently?
-        // TODO: add BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB prog type to Loader?
-
-        void* data = (void*)(long)skb->data;
-        const void* data_end = (void*)(long)skb->data_end;
-        const struct iphdr* const iph = data;
-
-        // Must have ipv4 header
-        if (data + sizeof(*iph) > data_end) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-
-        // IP version must be 4
-        if (iph->version != 4) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-
-        // We cannot handle IP options, just standard 20 byte == 5 dword minimal IPv4 header
-        if (iph->ihl != 5) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-
-        if (iph->protocol != IPPROTO_UDP) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-
-        struct udphdr *udp;
-        udp = data + sizeof(struct iphdr); //sizeof(struct ethhdr)
-
-        if ((void*)(udp + 1) > data_end) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-
-        // Source/destination port in udphdr are stored in be16, need to convert to le16.
-        // This can be done via ntohs or htons. Is there a more preferred way?
-        // Cached policy was found.
-        if (v4Policy && iph->saddr == v4Policy->srcIp.s_addr &&
-                    iph->daddr == v4Policy->dstIp.s_addr &&
-                    ntohs(udp->source) == v4Policy->srcPort &&
-                    ntohs(udp->dest) == v4Policy->dstPort &&
-                    iph->protocol == v4Policy->proto) {
-            // set dscpVal in packet. Least sig 2 bits of TOS
-            // reference ipv4_change_dsfield()
-
-            // TODO: fix checksum...
-            int ecn = iph->tos & 3;
-            uint8_t newDscpVal = (v4Policy->dscpVal << 2) + ecn;
-            int oldDscpVal = iph->tos >> 2;
-            bpf_l3_csum_replace(skb, 1, oldDscpVal, newDscpVal, sizeof(uint8_t));
-            bpf_skb_store_bytes(skb, 1, &newDscpVal, sizeof(uint8_t), 0);
-            return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-        }
-
-        // linear scan ipv4_dscp_policies_map, stored socket params do not match actual
-        int bestScore = -1;
-        uint32_t bestMatch = 0;
-
-        for (register uint64_t i = 0; i < MAX_POLICIES; i++) {
-            int score = 0;
-            uint8_t tempMask = 0;
-            // Using a uint62 in for loop prevents infinite loop during BPF load,
-            // but the key is uint32, so convert back.
-            uint32_t key = i;
-            Ipv4Policy* policy = bpf_ipv4_dscp_policies_map_lookup_elem(&key);
-
-            // if mask is 0 continue, key does not have corresponding policy value
-            if (policy && policy->mask != 0) {
-                if ((policy->mask & SRC_IP_MASK) == SRC_IP_MASK &&
-                        iph->saddr == policy->srcIp.s6_addr32[3]) {
-                    score++;
-                    tempMask |= SRC_IP_MASK;
-                }
-                if ((policy->mask & DST_IP_MASK) == DST_IP_MASK &&
-                        iph->daddr == policy->dstIp.s6_addr32[3]) {
-                    score++;
-                    tempMask |= DST_IP_MASK;
-                }
-                if ((policy->mask & SRC_PORT_MASK) == SRC_PORT_MASK &&
-                        ntohs(udp->source) == htons(policy->srcPort)) {
-                    score++;
-                    tempMask |= SRC_PORT_MASK;
-                }
-                if ((policy->mask & DST_PORT_MASK) == DST_PORT_MASK &&
-                        ntohs(udp->dest) >= htons(policy->dstPortStart) &&
-                        ntohs(udp->dest) <= htons(policy->dstPortEnd)) {
-                    score++;
-                    tempMask |= DST_PORT_MASK;
-                }
-                if ((policy->mask & PROTO_MASK) == PROTO_MASK &&
-                        iph->protocol == policy->proto) {
-                    score++;
-                    tempMask |= PROTO_MASK;
-                }
-
-                if (score > bestScore && tempMask == policy->mask) {
-                    bestMatch = i;
-                    bestScore = score;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        uint8_t newDscpVal = 0; // Can 0 be used as default forwarding value?
-        uint8_t curDscp = iph->tos & 252;
-        if (bestScore > 0) {
-            Ipv4Policy* policy = bpf_ipv4_dscp_policies_map_lookup_elem(&bestMatch);
-            if (policy) {
-                // TODO: if DSCP value is already set ignore?
-                // TODO: update checksum, for testing increment counter...
-                int ecn = iph->tos & 3;
-                newDscpVal = (policy->dscpVal << 2) + ecn;
-            }
-        }
-
-        Ipv4RuleEntry value = {
-            .srcIp.s_addr = iph->saddr,
-            .dstIp.s_addr = iph->daddr,
-            .srcPort = udp->source,
-            .dstPort = udp->dest,
-            .proto = iph->protocol,
-            .dscpVal = newDscpVal,
-        };
-
-        if (!cookie)
-            return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-
-        // Update map
-        if (*selectedMap == MAP_A) {
-            bpf_ipv4_socket_to_policies_map_A_update_elem(&cookie, &value, BPF_ANY);
-        } else {
-            bpf_ipv4_socket_to_policies_map_B_update_elem(&cookie, &value, BPF_ANY);
-        }
-
-        // Need to store bytes after updating map or program will not load.
-        if (newDscpVal != curDscp) {
-            // 1 is the offset (Version/Header length)
-            int oldDscpVal = iph->tos >> 2;
-            bpf_l3_csum_replace(skb, 1, oldDscpVal, newDscpVal, sizeof(uint8_t));
-            bpf_skb_store_bytes(skb, 1, &newDscpVal, sizeof(uint8_t), 0);
-        }
-
-    } else if (skb->protocol == htons(ETH_P_IPV6)) { //maybe bpf_htons()
-        Ipv6RuleEntry* v6Policy;
-        if (*selectedMap == MAP_A) {
-            v6Policy = bpf_ipv6_socket_to_policies_map_A_lookup_elem(&cookie);
-        } else {
-            v6Policy = bpf_ipv6_socket_to_policies_map_B_lookup_elem(&cookie);
-        }
-
-        if (!v6Policy)
-            return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-
-        // TODO: Add code to process IPv6 packet.
-    }
-
-    // Always return TC_ACT_PIPE
-    return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-}
-
-LICENSE("Apache 2.0");
-CRITICAL("Connectivity");
diff --git a/bpf_progs/netd.c b/bpf_progs/netd.c
index fe9a871..10559dd 100644
--- a/bpf_progs/netd.c
+++ b/bpf_progs/netd.c
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+// The resulting .o needs to load on the Android T Beta 3 bpfloader
+#define BPFLOADER_MIN_VER BPFLOADER_T_BETA3_VERSION
+
 #include <bpf_helpers.h>
 #include <linux/bpf.h>
 #include <linux/if.h>
@@ -25,7 +28,6 @@
 #include <linux/ipv6.h>
 #include <linux/pkt_cls.h>
 #include <linux/tcp.h>
-#include <netdutils/UidConstants.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include "bpf_net_helpers.h"
@@ -49,28 +51,65 @@
 #define TCP_FLAG_OFF 13
 #define RST_OFFSET 2
 
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(cookie_tag_map, HASH, uint64_t, UidTagValue, COOKIE_UID_MAP_SIZE,
-                   AID_NET_BW_ACCT)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(uid_counterset_map, HASH, uint32_t, uint8_t, UID_COUNTERSET_MAP_SIZE,
-                   AID_NET_BW_ACCT)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(app_uid_stats_map, HASH, uint32_t, StatsValue, APP_STATS_MAP_SIZE,
-                   AID_NET_BW_ACCT)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(stats_map_A, HASH, StatsKey, StatsValue, STATS_MAP_SIZE, AID_NET_BW_ACCT)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(stats_map_B, HASH, StatsKey, StatsValue, STATS_MAP_SIZE, AID_NET_BW_ACCT)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(iface_stats_map, HASH, uint32_t, StatsValue, IFACE_STATS_MAP_SIZE,
-                   AID_NET_BW_ACCT)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(configuration_map, HASH, uint32_t, uint8_t, CONFIGURATION_MAP_SIZE,
-                   AID_NET_BW_ACCT)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(uid_owner_map, HASH, uint32_t, UidOwnerValue, UID_OWNER_MAP_SIZE,
-                   AID_NET_BW_ACCT)
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(uid_permission_map, HASH, uint32_t, uint8_t, UID_OWNER_MAP_SIZE, AID_NET_BW_ACCT)
+// For maps netd does not need to access
+#define DEFINE_BPF_MAP_NO_NETD(the_map, TYPE, TypeOfKey, TypeOfValue, num_entries) \
+    DEFINE_BPF_MAP_EXT(the_map, TYPE, TypeOfKey, TypeOfValue, num_entries, \
+                       AID_ROOT, AID_NET_BW_ACCT, 0060, "fs_bpf_net_shared", "", false)
+
+// For maps netd only needs read only access to
+#define DEFINE_BPF_MAP_RO_NETD(the_map, TYPE, TypeOfKey, TypeOfValue, num_entries) \
+    DEFINE_BPF_MAP_EXT(the_map, TYPE, TypeOfKey, TypeOfValue, num_entries, \
+                       AID_ROOT, AID_NET_BW_ACCT, 0460, "fs_bpf_netd_readonly", "", false)
+
+// For maps netd needs to be able to read and write
+#define DEFINE_BPF_MAP_RW_NETD(the_map, TYPE, TypeOfKey, TypeOfValue, num_entries) \
+    DEFINE_BPF_MAP_UGM(the_map, TYPE, TypeOfKey, TypeOfValue, num_entries, \
+                       AID_ROOT, AID_NET_BW_ACCT, 0660)
+
+// Bpf map arrays on creation are preinitialized to 0 and do not support deletion of a key,
+// see: kernel/bpf/arraymap.c array_map_delete_elem() returns -EINVAL (from both syscall and ebpf)
+// Additionally on newer kernels the bpf jit can optimize out the lookups.
+// only valid indexes are [0..CONFIGURATION_MAP_SIZE-1]
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_RO_NETD(configuration_map, ARRAY, uint32_t, uint32_t, CONFIGURATION_MAP_SIZE)
+
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_RW_NETD(cookie_tag_map, HASH, uint64_t, UidTagValue, COOKIE_UID_MAP_SIZE)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_NO_NETD(uid_counterset_map, HASH, uint32_t, uint8_t, UID_COUNTERSET_MAP_SIZE)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_NO_NETD(app_uid_stats_map, HASH, uint32_t, StatsValue, APP_STATS_MAP_SIZE)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_RW_NETD(stats_map_A, HASH, StatsKey, StatsValue, STATS_MAP_SIZE)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_RO_NETD(stats_map_B, HASH, StatsKey, StatsValue, STATS_MAP_SIZE)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_NO_NETD(iface_stats_map, HASH, uint32_t, StatsValue, IFACE_STATS_MAP_SIZE)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_NO_NETD(uid_owner_map, HASH, uint32_t, UidOwnerValue, UID_OWNER_MAP_SIZE)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_RW_NETD(uid_permission_map, HASH, uint32_t, uint8_t, UID_OWNER_MAP_SIZE)
 
 /* never actually used from ebpf */
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(iface_index_name_map, HASH, uint32_t, IfaceValue, IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_SIZE,
-                   AID_NET_BW_ACCT)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_NO_NETD(iface_index_name_map, HASH, uint32_t, IfaceValue, IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_SIZE)
+
+// iptables xt_bpf programs need to be usable by both netd and netutils_wrappers
+// selinux contexts, because even non-xt_bpf iptables mutations are implemented as
+// a full table dump, followed by an update in userspace, and then a reload into the kernel,
+// where any already in-use xt_bpf matchers are serialized as the path to the pinned
+// program (see XT_BPF_MODE_PATH_PINNED) and then the iptables binary (or rather
+// the kernel acting on behalf of it) must be able to retrieve the pinned program
+// for the reload to succeed
+#define DEFINE_XTBPF_PROG(SECTION_NAME, prog_uid, prog_gid, the_prog) \
+    DEFINE_BPF_PROG(SECTION_NAME, prog_uid, prog_gid, the_prog)
+
+// programs that need to be usable by netd, but not by netutils_wrappers
+// (this is because these are currently attached by the mainline provided libnetd_updatable .so
+// which is loaded into netd and thus runs as netd uid/gid/selinux context)
+#define DEFINE_NETD_BPF_PROG(SECTION_NAME, prog_uid, prog_gid, the_prog) \
+    DEFINE_BPF_PROG_EXT(SECTION_NAME, prog_uid, prog_gid, the_prog, \
+                        KVER_NONE, KVER_INF, false, "fs_bpf_netd_readonly", "")
+
+// programs that only need to be usable by the system server
+#define DEFINE_SYS_BPF_PROG(SECTION_NAME, prog_uid, prog_gid, the_prog) \
+    DEFINE_BPF_PROG_EXT(SECTION_NAME, prog_uid, prog_gid, the_prog, \
+                        KVER_NONE, KVER_INF, false, "fs_bpf_net_shared", "")
 
 static __always_inline int is_system_uid(uint32_t uid) {
-    return (uid <= MAX_SYSTEM_UID) && (uid >= MIN_SYSTEM_UID);
+    // MIN_SYSTEM_UID is AID_ROOT == 0, so uint32_t is *always* >= 0
+    // MAX_SYSTEM_UID is AID_NOBODY == 9999, while AID_APP_START == 10000
+    return (uid < AID_APP_START);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -186,6 +225,11 @@
     return *config;
 }
 
+// DROP_IF_SET is set of rules that BPF_DROP if rule is globally enabled, and per-uid bit is set
+#define DROP_IF_SET (STANDBY_MATCH | OEM_DENY_1_MATCH | OEM_DENY_2_MATCH | OEM_DENY_3_MATCH)
+// DROP_IF_UNSET is set of rules that should DROP if globally enabled, and per-uid bit is NOT set
+#define DROP_IF_UNSET (DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH | LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH)
+
 static inline int bpf_owner_match(struct __sk_buff* skb, uint32_t uid, int direction) {
     if (skip_owner_match(skb)) return BPF_PASS;
 
@@ -194,29 +238,26 @@
     BpfConfig enabledRules = getConfig(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY);
 
     UidOwnerValue* uidEntry = bpf_uid_owner_map_lookup_elem(&uid);
-    uint8_t uidRules = uidEntry ? uidEntry->rule : 0;
+    uint32_t uidRules = uidEntry ? uidEntry->rule : 0;
     uint32_t allowed_iif = uidEntry ? uidEntry->iif : 0;
 
-    if (enabledRules) {
-        if ((enabledRules & DOZABLE_MATCH) && !(uidRules & DOZABLE_MATCH)) {
-            return BPF_DROP;
-        }
-        if ((enabledRules & STANDBY_MATCH) && (uidRules & STANDBY_MATCH)) {
-            return BPF_DROP;
-        }
-        if ((enabledRules & POWERSAVE_MATCH) && !(uidRules & POWERSAVE_MATCH)) {
-            return BPF_DROP;
-        }
-        if ((enabledRules & RESTRICTED_MATCH) && !(uidRules & RESTRICTED_MATCH)) {
-            return BPF_DROP;
-        }
-        if ((enabledRules & LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH) && !(uidRules & LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH)) {
-            return BPF_DROP;
-        }
-    }
-    if (direction == BPF_INGRESS && (uidRules & IIF_MATCH)) {
-        // Drops packets not coming from lo nor the allowlisted interface
-        if (allowed_iif && skb->ifindex != 1 && skb->ifindex != allowed_iif) {
+    // Warning: funky bit-wise arithmetic: in parallel, for all DROP_IF_SET/UNSET rules
+    // check whether the rules are globally enabled, and if so whether the rules are
+    // set/unset for the specific uid.  BPF_DROP if that is the case for ANY of the rules.
+    // We achieve this by masking out only the bits/rules we're interested in checking,
+    // and negating (via bit-wise xor) the bits/rules that should drop if unset.
+    if (enabledRules & (DROP_IF_SET | DROP_IF_UNSET) & (uidRules ^ DROP_IF_UNSET)) return BPF_DROP;
+
+    if (direction == BPF_INGRESS && skb->ifindex != 1) {
+        if (uidRules & IIF_MATCH) {
+            if (allowed_iif && skb->ifindex != allowed_iif) {
+                // Drops packets not coming from lo nor the allowed interface
+                // allowed interface=0 is a wildcard and does not drop packets
+                return BPF_DROP_UNLESS_DNS;
+            }
+        } else if (uidRules & LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH) {
+            // Drops packets not coming from lo and rule does not have IIF_MATCH but has
+            // LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH
             return BPF_DROP_UNLESS_DNS;
         }
     }
@@ -224,7 +265,7 @@
 }
 
 static __always_inline inline void update_stats_with_config(struct __sk_buff* skb, int direction,
-                                                            StatsKey* key, uint8_t selectedMap) {
+                                                            StatsKey* key, uint32_t selectedMap) {
     if (selectedMap == SELECT_MAP_A) {
         update_stats_map_A(skb, direction, key);
     } else if (selectedMap == SELECT_MAP_B) {
@@ -276,7 +317,7 @@
     if (counterSet) key.counterSet = (uint32_t)*counterSet;
 
     uint32_t mapSettingKey = CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY;
-    uint8_t* selectedMap = bpf_configuration_map_lookup_elem(&mapSettingKey);
+    uint32_t* selectedMap = bpf_configuration_map_lookup_elem(&mapSettingKey);
 
     // Use asm("%0 &= 1" : "+r"(match)) before return match,
     // to help kernel's bpf verifier, so that it can be 100% certain
@@ -297,17 +338,18 @@
     return match;
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG("cgroupskb/ingress/stats", AID_ROOT, AID_SYSTEM, bpf_cgroup_ingress)
+DEFINE_NETD_BPF_PROG("cgroupskb/ingress/stats", AID_ROOT, AID_SYSTEM, bpf_cgroup_ingress)
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return bpf_traffic_account(skb, BPF_INGRESS);
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG("cgroupskb/egress/stats", AID_ROOT, AID_SYSTEM, bpf_cgroup_egress)
+DEFINE_NETD_BPF_PROG("cgroupskb/egress/stats", AID_ROOT, AID_SYSTEM, bpf_cgroup_egress)
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return bpf_traffic_account(skb, BPF_EGRESS);
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG("skfilter/egress/xtbpf", AID_ROOT, AID_NET_ADMIN, xt_bpf_egress_prog)
+// WARNING: Android T's non-updatable netd depends on the name of this program.
+DEFINE_XTBPF_PROG("skfilter/egress/xtbpf", AID_ROOT, AID_NET_ADMIN, xt_bpf_egress_prog)
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     // Clat daemon does not generate new traffic, all its traffic is accounted for already
     // on the v4-* interfaces (except for the 20 (or 28) extra bytes of IPv6 vs IPv4 overhead,
@@ -326,7 +368,8 @@
     return BPF_MATCH;
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG("skfilter/ingress/xtbpf", AID_ROOT, AID_NET_ADMIN, xt_bpf_ingress_prog)
+// WARNING: Android T's non-updatable netd depends on the name of this program.
+DEFINE_XTBPF_PROG("skfilter/ingress/xtbpf", AID_ROOT, AID_NET_ADMIN, xt_bpf_ingress_prog)
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     // Clat daemon traffic is not accounted by virtue of iptables raw prerouting drop rule
     // (in clat_raw_PREROUTING chain), which triggers before this (in bw_raw_PREROUTING chain).
@@ -338,7 +381,8 @@
     return BPF_MATCH;
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG("schedact/ingress/account", AID_ROOT, AID_NET_ADMIN, tc_bpf_ingress_account_prog)
+DEFINE_SYS_BPF_PROG("schedact/ingress/account", AID_ROOT, AID_NET_ADMIN,
+                    tc_bpf_ingress_account_prog)
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     if (is_received_skb(skb)) {
         // Account for ingress traffic before tc drops it.
@@ -348,7 +392,8 @@
     return TC_ACT_UNSPEC;
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG("skfilter/allowlist/xtbpf", AID_ROOT, AID_NET_ADMIN, xt_bpf_allowlist_prog)
+// WARNING: Android T's non-updatable netd depends on the name of this program.
+DEFINE_XTBPF_PROG("skfilter/allowlist/xtbpf", AID_ROOT, AID_NET_ADMIN, xt_bpf_allowlist_prog)
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     uint32_t sock_uid = bpf_get_socket_uid(skb);
     if (is_system_uid(sock_uid)) return BPF_MATCH;
@@ -365,7 +410,8 @@
     return BPF_NOMATCH;
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG("skfilter/denylist/xtbpf", AID_ROOT, AID_NET_ADMIN, xt_bpf_denylist_prog)
+// WARNING: Android T's non-updatable netd depends on the name of this program.
+DEFINE_XTBPF_PROG("skfilter/denylist/xtbpf", AID_ROOT, AID_NET_ADMIN, xt_bpf_denylist_prog)
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     uint32_t sock_uid = bpf_get_socket_uid(skb);
     UidOwnerValue* denylistMatch = bpf_uid_owner_map_lookup_elem(&sock_uid);
@@ -373,8 +419,7 @@
     return BPF_NOMATCH;
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("cgroupsock/inet/create", AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT, inet_socket_create,
-                     KVER(4, 14, 0))
+DEFINE_NETD_BPF_PROG("cgroupsock/inet/create", AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT, inet_socket_create)
 (struct bpf_sock* sk) {
     uint64_t gid_uid = bpf_get_current_uid_gid();
     /*
@@ -383,7 +428,7 @@
      * user at install time so we only check the appId part of a request uid at
      * run time. See UserHandle#isSameApp for detail.
      */
-    uint32_t appId = (gid_uid & 0xffffffff) % PER_USER_RANGE;
+    uint32_t appId = (gid_uid & 0xffffffff) % AID_USER_OFFSET;  // == PER_USER_RANGE == 100000
     uint8_t* permissions = bpf_uid_permission_map_lookup_elem(&appId);
     if (!permissions) {
         // UID not in map. Default to just INTERNET permission.
@@ -395,4 +440,4 @@
 }
 
 LICENSE("Apache 2.0");
-CRITICAL("netd");
+CRITICAL("Connectivity and netd");
diff --git a/bpf_progs/offload.c b/bpf_progs/offload.c
index 92a774c..bb9fc34 100644
--- a/bpf_progs/offload.c
+++ b/bpf_progs/offload.c
@@ -24,8 +24,27 @@
 #define __kernel_udphdr udphdr
 #include <linux/udp.h>
 
-// The resulting .o needs to load on the Android S bpfloader v0.2
-#define BPFLOADER_MIN_VER 2u
+#ifdef BTF
+// BTF is incompatible with bpfloaders < v0.10, hence for S (v0.2) we must
+// ship a different file than for later versions, but we need bpfloader v0.25+
+// for obj@ver.o support
+#define BPFLOADER_MIN_VER BPFLOADER_OBJ_AT_VER_VERSION
+#else /* BTF */
+// The resulting .o needs to load on the Android S bpfloader
+#define BPFLOADER_MIN_VER BPFLOADER_S_VERSION
+#define BPFLOADER_MAX_VER BPFLOADER_OBJ_AT_VER_VERSION
+#endif /* BTF */
+
+// Warning: values other than AID_ROOT don't work for map uid on BpfLoader < v0.21
+#define TETHERING_UID AID_ROOT
+
+#ifdef INPROCESS
+#define DEFAULT_BPF_MAP_SELINUX_CONTEXT "fs_bpf_net_shared"
+#define DEFAULT_BPF_PROG_SELINUX_CONTEXT "fs_bpf_net_shared"
+#define TETHERING_GID AID_SYSTEM
+#else
+#define TETHERING_GID AID_NETWORK_STACK
+#endif
 
 #include "bpf_helpers.h"
 #include "bpf_net_helpers.h"
@@ -73,7 +92,7 @@
 // ----- Tethering Error Counters -----
 
 DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_error_map, ARRAY, uint32_t, uint32_t, BPF_TETHER_ERR__MAX,
-                   AID_NETWORK_STACK)
+                   TETHERING_GID)
 
 #define COUNT_AND_RETURN(counter, ret) do {                     \
     uint32_t code = BPF_TETHER_ERR_ ## counter;                 \
@@ -91,22 +110,22 @@
 // ----- Tethering Data Stats and Limits -----
 
 // Tethering stats, indexed by upstream interface.
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_stats_map, HASH, TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue, 16, AID_NETWORK_STACK)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_stats_map, HASH, TetherStatsKey, TetherStatsValue, 16, TETHERING_GID)
 
 // Tethering data limit, indexed by upstream interface.
 // (tethering allowed when stats[iif].rxBytes + stats[iif].txBytes < limit[iif])
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_limit_map, HASH, TetherLimitKey, TetherLimitValue, 16, AID_NETWORK_STACK)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_limit_map, HASH, TetherLimitKey, TetherLimitValue, 16, TETHERING_GID)
 
 // ----- IPv6 Support -----
 
 DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_downstream6_map, HASH, TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value, 64,
-                   AID_NETWORK_STACK)
+                   TETHERING_GID)
 
 DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_downstream64_map, HASH, TetherDownstream64Key, TetherDownstream64Value,
-                   1024, AID_NETWORK_STACK)
+                   1024, TETHERING_GID)
 
 DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_upstream6_map, HASH, TetherUpstream6Key, Tether6Value, 64,
-                   AID_NETWORK_STACK)
+                   TETHERING_GID)
 
 static inline __always_inline int do_forward6(struct __sk_buff* skb, const bool is_ethernet,
         const bool downstream) {
@@ -136,7 +155,7 @@
     if (is_ethernet && (eth->h_proto != htons(ETH_P_IPV6))) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
 
     // IP version must be 6
-    if (ip6->version != 6) TC_PUNT(INVALID_IP_VERSION);
+    if (ip6->version != 6) TC_PUNT(INVALID_IPV6_VERSION);
 
     // Cannot decrement during forward if already zero or would be zero,
     // Let the kernel's stack handle these cases and generate appropriate ICMP errors.
@@ -152,7 +171,7 @@
             TC_PUNT(INVALID_TCP_HEADER);
 
         // Do not offload TCP packets with any one of the SYN/FIN/RST flags
-        if (tcph->syn || tcph->fin || tcph->rst) TC_PUNT(TCP_CONTROL_PACKET);
+        if (tcph->syn || tcph->fin || tcph->rst) TC_PUNT(TCPV6_CONTROL_PACKET);
     }
 
     // Protect against forwarding packets sourced from ::1 or fe80::/64 or other weirdness.
@@ -280,13 +299,13 @@
     return bpf_redirect(v->oif, 0 /* this is effectively BPF_F_EGRESS */);
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG("schedcls/tether_downstream6_ether", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG("schedcls/tether_downstream6_ether", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                 sched_cls_tether_downstream6_ether)
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward6(skb, /* is_ethernet */ true, /* downstream */ true);
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG("schedcls/tether_upstream6_ether", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG("schedcls/tether_upstream6_ether", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                 sched_cls_tether_upstream6_ether)
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward6(skb, /* is_ethernet */ true, /* downstream */ false);
@@ -301,142 +320,46 @@
 //   ANDROID: net: bpf: permit redirect from ingress L3 to egress L2 devices at near max mtu
 // (the first of those has already been upstreamed)
 //
-// 5.4 kernel support was only added to Android Common Kernel in R,
-// and thus a 5.4 kernel always supports this.
+// These were added to 4.14+ Android Common Kernel in R (including the original release of ACK 5.4)
+// and there is a test in kernel/tests/net/test/bpf_test.py testSkbChangeHead()
+// and in system/netd/tests/binder_test.cpp NetdBinderTest TetherOffloadForwarding.
 //
-// Hence, these mandatory (must load successfully) implementations for 5.4+ kernels:
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_downstream6_rawip$5_4", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
-                     sched_cls_tether_downstream6_rawip_5_4, KVER(5, 4, 0))
+// Hence, these mandatory (must load successfully) implementations for 4.14+ kernels:
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_downstream6_rawip$4_14", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
+                     sched_cls_tether_downstream6_rawip_4_14, KVER(4, 14, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward6(skb, /* is_ethernet */ false, /* downstream */ true);
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_upstream6_rawip$5_4", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
-                     sched_cls_tether_upstream6_rawip_5_4, KVER(5, 4, 0))
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_upstream6_rawip$4_14", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
+                     sched_cls_tether_upstream6_rawip_4_14, KVER(4, 14, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward6(skb, /* is_ethernet */ false, /* downstream */ false);
 }
 
-// and these identical optional (may fail to load) implementations for [4.14..5.4) patched kernels:
-DEFINE_OPTIONAL_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream6_rawip$4_14",
-                                    AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
-                                    sched_cls_tether_downstream6_rawip_4_14,
-                                    KVER(4, 14, 0), KVER(5, 4, 0))
-(struct __sk_buff* skb) {
-    return do_forward6(skb, /* is_ethernet */ false, /* downstream */ true);
-}
-
-DEFINE_OPTIONAL_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream6_rawip$4_14",
-                                    AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
-                                    sched_cls_tether_upstream6_rawip_4_14,
-                                    KVER(4, 14, 0), KVER(5, 4, 0))
-(struct __sk_buff* skb) {
-    return do_forward6(skb, /* is_ethernet */ false, /* downstream */ false);
-}
-
-// and define no-op stubs for [4.9,4.14) and unpatched [4.14,5.4) kernels.
-// (if the above real 4.14+ program loaded successfully, then bpfloader will have already pinned
-// it at the same location this one would be pinned at and will thus skip loading this stub)
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream6_rawip$stub", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
-                           sched_cls_tether_downstream6_rawip_stub, KVER_NONE, KVER(5, 4, 0))
+// and define no-op stubs for pre-4.14 kernels.
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream6_rawip$stub", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
+                           sched_cls_tether_downstream6_rawip_stub, KVER_NONE, KVER(4, 14, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return TC_ACT_PIPE;
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream6_rawip$stub", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
-                           sched_cls_tether_upstream6_rawip_stub, KVER_NONE, KVER(5, 4, 0))
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream6_rawip$stub", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
+                           sched_cls_tether_upstream6_rawip_stub, KVER_NONE, KVER(4, 14, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return TC_ACT_PIPE;
 }
 
 // ----- IPv4 Support -----
 
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_downstream4_map, HASH, Tether4Key, Tether4Value, 1024, AID_NETWORK_STACK)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_downstream4_map, HASH, Tether4Key, Tether4Value, 1024, TETHERING_GID)
 
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_upstream4_map, HASH, Tether4Key, Tether4Value, 1024, AID_NETWORK_STACK)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_upstream4_map, HASH, Tether4Key, Tether4Value, 1024, TETHERING_GID)
 
-static inline __always_inline int do_forward4(struct __sk_buff* skb, const bool is_ethernet,
-        const bool downstream, const bool updatetime) {
-    // Require ethernet dst mac address to be our unicast address.
-    if (is_ethernet && (skb->pkt_type != PACKET_HOST)) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-
-    // Must be meta-ethernet IPv4 frame
-    if (skb->protocol != htons(ETH_P_IP)) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-
-    const int l2_header_size = is_ethernet ? sizeof(struct ethhdr) : 0;
-
-    // Since the program never writes via DPA (direct packet access) auto-pull/unclone logic does
-    // not trigger and thus we need to manually make sure we can read packet headers via DPA.
-    // Note: this is a blind best effort pull, which may fail or pull less - this doesn't matter.
-    // It has to be done early cause it will invalidate any skb->data/data_end derived pointers.
-    try_make_writable(skb, l2_header_size + IP4_HLEN + TCP_HLEN);
-
-    void* data = (void*)(long)skb->data;
-    const void* data_end = (void*)(long)skb->data_end;
-    struct ethhdr* eth = is_ethernet ? data : NULL;  // used iff is_ethernet
-    struct iphdr* ip = is_ethernet ? (void*)(eth + 1) : data;
-
-    // Must have (ethernet and) ipv4 header
-    if (data + l2_header_size + sizeof(*ip) > data_end) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-
-    // Ethertype - if present - must be IPv4
-    if (is_ethernet && (eth->h_proto != htons(ETH_P_IP))) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
-
-    // IP version must be 4
-    if (ip->version != 4) TC_PUNT(INVALID_IP_VERSION);
-
-    // We cannot handle IP options, just standard 20 byte == 5 dword minimal IPv4 header
-    if (ip->ihl != 5) TC_PUNT(HAS_IP_OPTIONS);
-
-    // Calculate the IPv4 one's complement checksum of the IPv4 header.
-    __wsum sum4 = 0;
-    for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(*ip) / sizeof(__u16); ++i) {
-        sum4 += ((__u16*)ip)[i];
-    }
-    // Note that sum4 is guaranteed to be non-zero by virtue of ip4->version == 4
-    sum4 = (sum4 & 0xFFFF) + (sum4 >> 16);  // collapse u32 into range 1 .. 0x1FFFE
-    sum4 = (sum4 & 0xFFFF) + (sum4 >> 16);  // collapse any potential carry into u16
-    // for a correct checksum we should get *a* zero, but sum4 must be positive, ie 0xFFFF
-    if (sum4 != 0xFFFF) TC_PUNT(CHECKSUM);
-
-    // Minimum IPv4 total length is the size of the header
-    if (ntohs(ip->tot_len) < sizeof(*ip)) TC_PUNT(TRUNCATED_IPV4);
-
-    // We are incapable of dealing with IPv4 fragments
-    if (ip->frag_off & ~htons(IP_DF)) TC_PUNT(IS_IP_FRAG);
-
-    // Cannot decrement during forward if already zero or would be zero,
-    // Let the kernel's stack handle these cases and generate appropriate ICMP errors.
-    if (ip->ttl <= 1) TC_PUNT(LOW_TTL);
-
-    // If we cannot update the 'last_used' field due to lack of bpf_ktime_get_boot_ns() helper,
-    // then it is not safe to offload UDP due to the small conntrack timeouts, as such,
-    // in such a situation we can only support TCP.  This also has the added nice benefit of
-    // using a separate error counter, and thus making it obvious which version of the program
-    // is loaded.
-    if (!updatetime && ip->protocol != IPPROTO_TCP) TC_PUNT(NON_TCP);
-
-    // We do not support offloading anything besides IPv4 TCP and UDP, due to need for NAT,
-    // but no need to check this if !updatetime due to check immediately above.
-    if (updatetime && (ip->protocol != IPPROTO_TCP) && (ip->protocol != IPPROTO_UDP))
-        TC_PUNT(NON_TCP_UDP);
-
-    // We want to make sure that the compiler will, in the !updatetime case, entirely optimize
-    // out all the non-tcp logic.  Also note that at this point is_udp === !is_tcp.
-    const bool is_tcp = !updatetime || (ip->protocol == IPPROTO_TCP);
-
-    // This is a bit of a hack to make things easier on the bpf verifier.
-    // (In particular I believe the Linux 4.14 kernel's verifier can get confused later on about
-    // what offsets into the packet are valid and can spuriously reject the program, this is
-    // because it fails to realize that is_tcp && !is_tcp is impossible)
-    //
-    // For both TCP & UDP we'll need to read and modify the src/dst ports, which so happen to
-    // always be in the first 4 bytes of the L4 header.  Additionally for UDP we'll need access
-    // to the checksum field which is in bytes 7 and 8.  While for TCP we'll need to read the
-    // TCP flags (at offset 13) and access to the checksum field (2 bytes at offset 16).
-    // As such we *always* need access to at least 8 bytes.
-    if (data + l2_header_size + sizeof(*ip) + 8 > data_end) TC_PUNT(SHORT_L4_HEADER);
-
+static inline __always_inline int do_forward4_bottom(struct __sk_buff* skb,
+        const int l2_header_size, void* data, const void* data_end,
+        struct ethhdr* eth, struct iphdr* ip, const bool is_ethernet,
+        const bool downstream, const bool updatetime, const bool is_tcp) {
     struct tcphdr* tcph = is_tcp ? (void*)(ip + 1) : NULL;
     struct udphdr* udph = is_tcp ? NULL : (void*)(ip + 1);
 
@@ -447,7 +370,7 @@
 
         // If hardware offload is running and programming flows based on conntrack entries, try not
         // to interfere with it, so do not offload TCP packets with any one of the SYN/FIN/RST flags
-        if (tcph->syn || tcph->fin || tcph->rst) TC_PUNT(TCP_CONTROL_PACKET);
+        if (tcph->syn || tcph->fin || tcph->rst) TC_PUNT(TCPV4_CONTROL_PACKET);
     } else { // UDP
         // Make sure we can get at the udp header
         if (data + l2_header_size + sizeof(*ip) + sizeof(*udph) > data_end)
@@ -625,27 +548,123 @@
     return bpf_redirect(v->oif, 0 /* this is effectively BPF_F_EGRESS */);
 }
 
+static inline __always_inline int do_forward4(struct __sk_buff* skb, const bool is_ethernet,
+        const bool downstream, const bool updatetime) {
+    // Require ethernet dst mac address to be our unicast address.
+    if (is_ethernet && (skb->pkt_type != PACKET_HOST)) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
+
+    // Must be meta-ethernet IPv4 frame
+    if (skb->protocol != htons(ETH_P_IP)) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
+
+    const int l2_header_size = is_ethernet ? sizeof(struct ethhdr) : 0;
+
+    // Since the program never writes via DPA (direct packet access) auto-pull/unclone logic does
+    // not trigger and thus we need to manually make sure we can read packet headers via DPA.
+    // Note: this is a blind best effort pull, which may fail or pull less - this doesn't matter.
+    // It has to be done early cause it will invalidate any skb->data/data_end derived pointers.
+    try_make_writable(skb, l2_header_size + IP4_HLEN + TCP_HLEN);
+
+    void* data = (void*)(long)skb->data;
+    const void* data_end = (void*)(long)skb->data_end;
+    struct ethhdr* eth = is_ethernet ? data : NULL;  // used iff is_ethernet
+    struct iphdr* ip = is_ethernet ? (void*)(eth + 1) : data;
+
+    // Must have (ethernet and) ipv4 header
+    if (data + l2_header_size + sizeof(*ip) > data_end) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
+
+    // Ethertype - if present - must be IPv4
+    if (is_ethernet && (eth->h_proto != htons(ETH_P_IP))) return TC_ACT_PIPE;
+
+    // IP version must be 4
+    if (ip->version != 4) TC_PUNT(INVALID_IPV4_VERSION);
+
+    // We cannot handle IP options, just standard 20 byte == 5 dword minimal IPv4 header
+    if (ip->ihl != 5) TC_PUNT(HAS_IP_OPTIONS);
+
+    // Calculate the IPv4 one's complement checksum of the IPv4 header.
+    __wsum sum4 = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(*ip) / sizeof(__u16); ++i) {
+        sum4 += ((__u16*)ip)[i];
+    }
+    // Note that sum4 is guaranteed to be non-zero by virtue of ip4->version == 4
+    sum4 = (sum4 & 0xFFFF) + (sum4 >> 16);  // collapse u32 into range 1 .. 0x1FFFE
+    sum4 = (sum4 & 0xFFFF) + (sum4 >> 16);  // collapse any potential carry into u16
+    // for a correct checksum we should get *a* zero, but sum4 must be positive, ie 0xFFFF
+    if (sum4 != 0xFFFF) TC_PUNT(CHECKSUM);
+
+    // Minimum IPv4 total length is the size of the header
+    if (ntohs(ip->tot_len) < sizeof(*ip)) TC_PUNT(TRUNCATED_IPV4);
+
+    // We are incapable of dealing with IPv4 fragments
+    if (ip->frag_off & ~htons(IP_DF)) TC_PUNT(IS_IP_FRAG);
+
+    // Cannot decrement during forward if already zero or would be zero,
+    // Let the kernel's stack handle these cases and generate appropriate ICMP errors.
+    if (ip->ttl <= 1) TC_PUNT(LOW_TTL);
+
+    // If we cannot update the 'last_used' field due to lack of bpf_ktime_get_boot_ns() helper,
+    // then it is not safe to offload UDP due to the small conntrack timeouts, as such,
+    // in such a situation we can only support TCP.  This also has the added nice benefit of
+    // using a separate error counter, and thus making it obvious which version of the program
+    // is loaded.
+    if (!updatetime && ip->protocol != IPPROTO_TCP) TC_PUNT(NON_TCP);
+
+    // We do not support offloading anything besides IPv4 TCP and UDP, due to need for NAT,
+    // but no need to check this if !updatetime due to check immediately above.
+    if (updatetime && (ip->protocol != IPPROTO_TCP) && (ip->protocol != IPPROTO_UDP))
+        TC_PUNT(NON_TCP_UDP);
+
+    // We want to make sure that the compiler will, in the !updatetime case, entirely optimize
+    // out all the non-tcp logic.  Also note that at this point is_udp === !is_tcp.
+    const bool is_tcp = !updatetime || (ip->protocol == IPPROTO_TCP);
+
+    // This is a bit of a hack to make things easier on the bpf verifier.
+    // (In particular I believe the Linux 4.14 kernel's verifier can get confused later on about
+    // what offsets into the packet are valid and can spuriously reject the program, this is
+    // because it fails to realize that is_tcp && !is_tcp is impossible)
+    //
+    // For both TCP & UDP we'll need to read and modify the src/dst ports, which so happen to
+    // always be in the first 4 bytes of the L4 header.  Additionally for UDP we'll need access
+    // to the checksum field which is in bytes 7 and 8.  While for TCP we'll need to read the
+    // TCP flags (at offset 13) and access to the checksum field (2 bytes at offset 16).
+    // As such we *always* need access to at least 8 bytes.
+    if (data + l2_header_size + sizeof(*ip) + 8 > data_end) TC_PUNT(SHORT_L4_HEADER);
+
+    // We're forcing the compiler to emit two copies of the following code, optimized
+    // separately for is_tcp being true or false.  This simplifies the resulting bpf
+    // byte code sufficiently that the 4.14 bpf verifier is able to keep track of things.
+    // Without this (updatetime == true) case would fail to bpf verify on 4.14 even
+    // if the underlying requisite kernel support (bpf_ktime_get_boot_ns) was backported.
+    if (is_tcp) {
+      return do_forward4_bottom(skb, l2_header_size, data, data_end, eth, ip,
+                                is_ethernet, downstream, updatetime, /* is_tcp */ true);
+    } else {
+      return do_forward4_bottom(skb, l2_header_size, data, data_end, eth, ip,
+                                is_ethernet, downstream, updatetime, /* is_tcp */ false);
+    }
+}
+
 // Full featured (required) implementations for 5.8+ kernels (these are S+ by definition)
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_downstream4_rawip$5_8", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_downstream4_rawip$5_8", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                      sched_cls_tether_downstream4_rawip_5_8, KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward4(skb, /* is_ethernet */ false, /* downstream */ true, /* updatetime */ true);
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_upstream4_rawip$5_8", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_upstream4_rawip$5_8", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                      sched_cls_tether_upstream4_rawip_5_8, KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward4(skb, /* is_ethernet */ false, /* downstream */ false, /* updatetime */ true);
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_downstream4_ether$5_8", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_downstream4_ether$5_8", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                      sched_cls_tether_downstream4_ether_5_8, KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward4(skb, /* is_ethernet */ true, /* downstream */ true, /* updatetime */ true);
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_upstream4_ether$5_8", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("schedcls/tether_upstream4_ether$5_8", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                      sched_cls_tether_upstream4_ether_5_8, KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward4(skb, /* is_ethernet */ true, /* downstream */ false, /* updatetime */ true);
@@ -655,7 +674,7 @@
 // (optional, because we need to be able to fallback for 4.14/4.19/5.4 pre-S kernels)
 
 DEFINE_OPTIONAL_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream4_rawip$opt",
-                                    AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+                                    TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                                     sched_cls_tether_downstream4_rawip_opt,
                                     KVER(4, 14, 0), KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
@@ -663,7 +682,7 @@
 }
 
 DEFINE_OPTIONAL_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream4_rawip$opt",
-                                    AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+                                    TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                                     sched_cls_tether_upstream4_rawip_opt,
                                     KVER(4, 14, 0), KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
@@ -671,7 +690,7 @@
 }
 
 DEFINE_OPTIONAL_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream4_ether$opt",
-                                    AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+                                    TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                                     sched_cls_tether_downstream4_ether_opt,
                                     KVER(4, 14, 0), KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
@@ -679,7 +698,7 @@
 }
 
 DEFINE_OPTIONAL_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream4_ether$opt",
-                                    AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+                                    TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                                     sched_cls_tether_upstream4_ether_opt,
                                     KVER(4, 14, 0), KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
@@ -700,13 +719,13 @@
 
 // RAWIP: Required for 5.4-R kernels -- which always support bpf_skb_change_head().
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream4_rawip$5_4", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream4_rawip$5_4", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                            sched_cls_tether_downstream4_rawip_5_4, KVER(5, 4, 0), KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward4(skb, /* is_ethernet */ false, /* downstream */ true, /* updatetime */ false);
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream4_rawip$5_4", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream4_rawip$5_4", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                            sched_cls_tether_upstream4_rawip_5_4, KVER(5, 4, 0), KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward4(skb, /* is_ethernet */ false, /* downstream */ false, /* updatetime */ false);
@@ -716,7 +735,7 @@
 // [Note: fallback for 4.14/4.19 (P/Q) kernels is below in stub section]
 
 DEFINE_OPTIONAL_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream4_rawip$4_14",
-                                    AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+                                    TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                                     sched_cls_tether_downstream4_rawip_4_14,
                                     KVER(4, 14, 0), KVER(5, 4, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
@@ -724,7 +743,7 @@
 }
 
 DEFINE_OPTIONAL_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream4_rawip$4_14",
-                                    AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+                                    TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                                     sched_cls_tether_upstream4_rawip_4_14,
                                     KVER(4, 14, 0), KVER(5, 4, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
@@ -733,13 +752,13 @@
 
 // ETHER: Required for 4.14-Q/R, 4.19-Q/R & 5.4-R kernels.
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream4_ether$4_14", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream4_ether$4_14", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                            sched_cls_tether_downstream4_ether_4_14, KVER(4, 14, 0), KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward4(skb, /* is_ethernet */ true, /* downstream */ true, /* updatetime */ false);
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream4_ether$4_14", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream4_ether$4_14", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                            sched_cls_tether_upstream4_ether_4_14, KVER(4, 14, 0), KVER(5, 8, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return do_forward4(skb, /* is_ethernet */ true, /* downstream */ false, /* updatetime */ false);
@@ -749,13 +768,13 @@
 
 // RAWIP: 4.9-P/Q, 4.14-P/Q & 4.19-Q kernels -- without bpf_skb_change_head() for tc programs
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream4_rawip$stub", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream4_rawip$stub", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                            sched_cls_tether_downstream4_rawip_stub, KVER_NONE, KVER(5, 4, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return TC_ACT_PIPE;
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream4_rawip$stub", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream4_rawip$stub", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                            sched_cls_tether_upstream4_rawip_stub, KVER_NONE, KVER(5, 4, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return TC_ACT_PIPE;
@@ -763,13 +782,13 @@
 
 // ETHER: 4.9-P/Q kernel
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream4_ether$stub", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_downstream4_ether$stub", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                            sched_cls_tether_downstream4_ether_stub, KVER_NONE, KVER(4, 14, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return TC_ACT_PIPE;
 }
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream4_ether$stub", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER_RANGE("schedcls/tether_upstream4_ether$stub", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                            sched_cls_tether_upstream4_ether_stub, KVER_NONE, KVER(4, 14, 0))
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     return TC_ACT_PIPE;
@@ -777,7 +796,7 @@
 
 // ----- XDP Support -----
 
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_dev_map, DEVMAP_HASH, uint32_t, uint32_t, 64, AID_NETWORK_STACK)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_dev_map, DEVMAP_HASH, uint32_t, uint32_t, 64, TETHERING_GID)
 
 static inline __always_inline int do_xdp_forward6(struct xdp_md *ctx, const bool is_ethernet,
         const bool downstream) {
@@ -822,7 +841,7 @@
 }
 
 #define DEFINE_XDP_PROG(str, func) \
-    DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER(str, AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK, func, KVER(5, 9, 0))(struct xdp_md *ctx)
+    DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER(str, TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID, func, KVER(5, 9, 0))(struct xdp_md *ctx)
 
 DEFINE_XDP_PROG("xdp/tether_downstream_ether",
                  xdp_tether_downstream_ether) {
@@ -845,4 +864,4 @@
 }
 
 LICENSE("Apache 2.0");
-CRITICAL("tethering");
+CRITICAL("Connectivity (Tethering)");
diff --git a/bpf_progs/offload@btf.c b/bpf_progs/offload@btf.c
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..4092e0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bpf_progs/offload@btf.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+offload.c
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/bpf_progs/offload@inprocess.c b/bpf_progs/offload@inprocess.c
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..4092e0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bpf_progs/offload@inprocess.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+offload.c
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/bpf_progs/test.c b/bpf_progs/test.c
index c9c73f1..d42205f 100644
--- a/bpf_progs/test.c
+++ b/bpf_progs/test.c
@@ -18,8 +18,27 @@
 #include <linux/in.h>
 #include <linux/ip.h>
 
-// The resulting .o needs to load on the Android S bpfloader v0.2
-#define BPFLOADER_MIN_VER 2u
+#ifdef BTF
+// BTF is incompatible with bpfloaders < v0.10, hence for S (v0.2) we must
+// ship a different file than for later versions, but we need bpfloader v0.25+
+// for obj@ver.o support
+#define BPFLOADER_MIN_VER BPFLOADER_OBJ_AT_VER_VERSION
+#else /* BTF */
+// The resulting .o needs to load on the Android S bpfloader
+#define BPFLOADER_MIN_VER BPFLOADER_S_VERSION
+#define BPFLOADER_MAX_VER BPFLOADER_OBJ_AT_VER_VERSION
+#endif /* BTF */
+
+// Warning: values other than AID_ROOT don't work for map uid on BpfLoader < v0.21
+#define TETHERING_UID AID_ROOT
+
+#ifdef INPROCESS
+#define DEFAULT_BPF_MAP_SELINUX_CONTEXT "fs_bpf_net_shared"
+#define DEFAULT_BPF_PROG_SELINUX_CONTEXT "fs_bpf_net_shared"
+#define TETHERING_GID AID_SYSTEM
+#else
+#define TETHERING_GID AID_NETWORK_STACK
+#endif
 
 #include "bpf_helpers.h"
 #include "bpf_net_helpers.h"
@@ -27,12 +46,11 @@
 
 // Used only by TetheringPrivilegedTests, not by production code.
 DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(tether_downstream6_map, HASH, TetherDownstream6Key, Tether6Value, 16,
-                   AID_NETWORK_STACK)
+                   TETHERING_GID)
 // Used only by BpfBitmapTest, not by production code.
-DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(bitmap, ARRAY, int, uint64_t, 2,
-                   AID_NETWORK_STACK)
+DEFINE_BPF_MAP_GRW(bitmap, ARRAY, int, uint64_t, 2, TETHERING_GID)
 
-DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("xdp/drop_ipv4_udp_ether", AID_ROOT, AID_NETWORK_STACK,
+DEFINE_BPF_PROG_KVER("xdp/drop_ipv4_udp_ether", TETHERING_UID, TETHERING_GID,
                       xdp_test, KVER(5, 9, 0))
 (struct xdp_md *ctx) {
     void *data = (void *)(long)ctx->data;
diff --git a/bpf_progs/test@btf.c b/bpf_progs/test@btf.c
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..aeebb26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bpf_progs/test@btf.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+test.c
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/bpf_progs/test@inprocess.c b/bpf_progs/test@inprocess.c
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..aeebb26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bpf_progs/test@inprocess.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+test.c
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/common/Android.bp b/common/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..729ef32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+java_library {
+    name: "connectivity-net-module-utils-bpf",
+    srcs: [
+        "src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/*.java",
+    ],
+    sdk_version: "module_current",
+    min_sdk_version: "29",
+    visibility: [
+        // Do not add any lib. This library is only shared inside connectivity module
+        // and its tests.
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__",
+    ],
+    libs: [
+        "androidx.annotation_annotation",
+        "framework-connectivity.stubs.module_lib",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "net-utils-device-common-struct",
+    ],
+    apex_available: [
+        "com.android.tethering",
+    ],
+    lint: { strict_updatability_linting: true },
+}
diff --git a/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatEgress4Key.java b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatEgress4Key.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0af3dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatEgress4Key.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.net.module.util.bpf;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
+
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+
+/** Key type for clat egress IPv4 maps. */
+public class ClatEgress4Key extends Struct {
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int iif; // The input interface index
+
+    @Field(order = 1, type = Type.Ipv4Address)
+    public final Inet4Address local4; // The source IPv4 address
+
+    public ClatEgress4Key(final int iif, final Inet4Address local4) {
+        this.iif = iif;
+        this.local4 = local4;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatEgress4Value.java b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatEgress4Value.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69fab09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatEgress4Value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.net.module.util.bpf;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
+
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+
+/** Value type for clat egress IPv4 maps. */
+public class ClatEgress4Value extends Struct {
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int oif; // The output interface to redirect to
+
+    @Field(order = 1, type = Type.Ipv6Address)
+    public final Inet6Address local6; // The full 128-bits of the source IPv6 address
+
+    @Field(order = 2, type = Type.Ipv6Address)
+    public final Inet6Address pfx96; // The destination /96 nat64 prefix, bottom 32 bits must be 0
+
+    @Field(order = 3, type = Type.U8, padding = 3)
+    public final short oifIsEthernet; // Whether the output interface requires ethernet header
+
+    public ClatEgress4Value(final int oif, final Inet6Address local6, final Inet6Address pfx96,
+            final short oifIsEthernet) {
+        this.oif = oif;
+        this.local6 = local6;
+        this.pfx96 = pfx96;
+        this.oifIsEthernet = oifIsEthernet;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatIngress6Key.java b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatIngress6Key.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..561113c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatIngress6Key.java
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.net.module.util.bpf;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
+
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+
+/** Key type for clat ingress IPv6 maps. */
+public class ClatIngress6Key extends Struct {
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int iif; // The input interface index
+
+    @Field(order = 1, type = Type.Ipv6Address)
+    public final Inet6Address pfx96; // The source /96 nat64 prefix, bottom 32 bits must be 0
+
+    @Field(order = 2, type = Type.Ipv6Address)
+    public final Inet6Address local6; // The full 128-bits of the destination IPv6 address
+
+    public ClatIngress6Key(final int iif, final Inet6Address pfx96, final Inet6Address local6) {
+        this.iif = iif;
+        this.pfx96 = pfx96;
+        this.local6 = local6;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatIngress6Value.java b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatIngress6Value.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb81caa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/ClatIngress6Value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.net.module.util.bpf;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
+
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+
+/** Value type for clat ingress IPv6 maps. */
+public class ClatIngress6Value extends Struct {
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int oif; // The output interface to redirect to (0 means don't redirect)
+
+    @Field(order = 1, type = Type.Ipv4Address)
+    public final Inet4Address local4; // The destination IPv4 address
+
+    public ClatIngress6Value(final int oif, final Inet4Address local4) {
+        this.oif = oif;
+        this.local4 = local4;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/CookieTagMapKey.java b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/CookieTagMapKey.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17da7a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/CookieTagMapKey.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.net.module.util.bpf;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
+
+/**
+ * Key for cookie tag map.
+ */
+public class CookieTagMapKey extends Struct {
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S64)
+    public final long socketCookie;
+
+    public CookieTagMapKey(final long socketCookie) {
+        this.socketCookie = socketCookie;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/CookieTagMapValue.java b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/CookieTagMapValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3fbd6fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/CookieTagMapValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.net.module.util.bpf;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
+
+/**
+ * Value for cookie tag map.
+ */
+public class CookieTagMapValue extends Struct {
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int uid;
+
+    @Field(order = 1, type = Type.U32)
+    public final long tag;
+
+    public CookieTagMapValue(final int uid, final long tag) {
+        this.uid = uid;
+        this.tag = tag;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/Tether4Key.java b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/Tether4Key.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8273e6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/Tether4Key.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.net.module.util.bpf;
+
+import android.net.MacAddress;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
+
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/** Key type for downstream & upstream IPv4 forwarding maps. */
+public class Tether4Key extends Struct {
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int iif;
+
+    @Field(order = 1, type = Type.EUI48)
+    public final MacAddress dstMac;
+
+    @Field(order = 2, type = Type.U8, padding = 1)
+    public final short l4proto;
+
+    @Field(order = 3, type = Type.ByteArray, arraysize = 4)
+    public final byte[] src4;
+
+    @Field(order = 4, type = Type.ByteArray, arraysize = 4)
+    public final byte[] dst4;
+
+    @Field(order = 5, type = Type.UBE16)
+    public final int srcPort;
+
+    @Field(order = 6, type = Type.UBE16)
+    public final int dstPort;
+
+    public Tether4Key(final int iif, @NonNull final MacAddress dstMac, final short l4proto,
+            final byte[] src4, final byte[] dst4, final int srcPort,
+            final int dstPort) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(dstMac);
+
+        this.iif = iif;
+        this.dstMac = dstMac;
+        this.l4proto = l4proto;
+        this.src4 = src4;
+        this.dst4 = dst4;
+        this.srcPort = srcPort;
+        this.dstPort = dstPort;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        try {
+            return String.format(
+                    "iif: %d, dstMac: %s, l4proto: %d, src4: %s, dst4: %s, "
+                            + "srcPort: %d, dstPort: %d",
+                    iif, dstMac, l4proto,
+                    Inet4Address.getByAddress(src4), Inet4Address.getByAddress(dst4),
+                    Short.toUnsignedInt((short) srcPort), Short.toUnsignedInt((short) dstPort));
+        } catch (UnknownHostException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            return String.format("Invalid IP address", e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/Tether4Value.java b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/Tether4Value.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74fdda2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/Tether4Value.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.net.module.util.bpf;
+
+import android.net.MacAddress;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
+
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/** Value type for downstream & upstream IPv4 forwarding maps. */
+public class Tether4Value extends Struct {
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int oif;
+
+    // The ethhdr struct which is defined in uapi/linux/if_ether.h
+    @Field(order = 1, type = Type.EUI48)
+    public final MacAddress ethDstMac;
+    @Field(order = 2, type = Type.EUI48)
+    public final MacAddress ethSrcMac;
+    @Field(order = 3, type = Type.UBE16)
+    public final int ethProto;  // Packet type ID field.
+
+    @Field(order = 4, type = Type.U16)
+    public final int pmtu;
+
+    @Field(order = 5, type = Type.ByteArray, arraysize = 16)
+    public final byte[] src46;
+
+    @Field(order = 6, type = Type.ByteArray, arraysize = 16)
+    public final byte[] dst46;
+
+    @Field(order = 7, type = Type.UBE16)
+    public final int srcPort;
+
+    @Field(order = 8, type = Type.UBE16)
+    public final int dstPort;
+
+    // TODO: consider using U64.
+    @Field(order = 9, type = Type.U63)
+    public final long lastUsed;
+
+    public Tether4Value(final int oif, @NonNull final MacAddress ethDstMac,
+            @NonNull final MacAddress ethSrcMac, final int ethProto, final int pmtu,
+            final byte[] src46, final byte[] dst46, final int srcPort,
+            final int dstPort, final long lastUsed) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(ethDstMac);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(ethSrcMac);
+
+        this.oif = oif;
+        this.ethDstMac = ethDstMac;
+        this.ethSrcMac = ethSrcMac;
+        this.ethProto = ethProto;
+        this.pmtu = pmtu;
+        this.src46 = src46;
+        this.dst46 = dst46;
+        this.srcPort = srcPort;
+        this.dstPort = dstPort;
+        this.lastUsed = lastUsed;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        try {
+            return String.format(
+                    "oif: %d, ethDstMac: %s, ethSrcMac: %s, ethProto: %d, pmtu: %d, "
+                            + "src46: %s, dst46: %s, srcPort: %d, dstPort: %d, "
+                            + "lastUsed: %d",
+                    oif, ethDstMac, ethSrcMac, ethProto, pmtu,
+                    InetAddress.getByAddress(src46), InetAddress.getByAddress(dst46),
+                    Short.toUnsignedInt((short) srcPort), Short.toUnsignedInt((short) dstPort),
+                    lastUsed);
+        } catch (UnknownHostException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            return String.format("Invalid IP address", e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/TetherStatsKey.java b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/TetherStatsKey.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68111b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/TetherStatsKey.java
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.net.module.util.bpf;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
+
+/** The key of BpfMap which is used for tethering stats. */
+public class TetherStatsKey extends Struct {
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int ifindex;  // upstream interface index
+
+    public TetherStatsKey(final int ifindex) {
+        this.ifindex = ifindex;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/TetherStatsValue.java b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/TetherStatsValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f05d1b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/src/com/android/net/module/util/bpf/TetherStatsValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.net.module.util.bpf;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
+
+/** The key of BpfMap which is used for tethering stats. */
+public class TetherStatsValue extends Struct {
+    // Use the signed long variable to store the uint64 stats from stats BPF map.
+    // U63 is enough for each data element even at 5Gbps for ~468 years.
+    // 2^63 / (5 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000) * 8 / 86400 / 365 = 468.
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.U63)
+    public final long rxPackets;
+    @Field(order = 1, type = Type.U63)
+    public final long rxBytes;
+    @Field(order = 2, type = Type.U63)
+    public final long rxErrors;
+    @Field(order = 3, type = Type.U63)
+    public final long txPackets;
+    @Field(order = 4, type = Type.U63)
+    public final long txBytes;
+    @Field(order = 5, type = Type.U63)
+    public final long txErrors;
+
+    public TetherStatsValue(final long rxPackets, final long rxBytes, final long rxErrors,
+            final long txPackets, final long txBytes, final long txErrors) {
+        this.rxPackets = rxPackets;
+        this.rxBytes = rxBytes;
+        this.rxErrors = rxErrors;
+        this.txPackets = txPackets;
+        this.txBytes = txBytes;
+        this.txErrors = txErrors;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/framework-t/Android.bp b/framework-t/Android.bp
index 1e508a0..d40fad9 100644
--- a/framework-t/Android.bp
+++ b/framework-t/Android.bp
@@ -43,14 +43,9 @@
         ":framework-connectivity-tiramisu-updatable-sources",
         ":framework-nearby-java-sources",
     ],
-    stub_only_libs: [
-        // Use prebuilt framework-connectivity stubs to avoid circular dependencies
-        "sdk_module-lib_current_framework-connectivity",
-    ],
     libs: [
         "unsupportedappusage",
         "app-compat-annotations",
-        "sdk_module-lib_current_framework-connectivity",
     ],
     impl_only_libs: [
         // The build system will use framework-bluetooth module_current stubs, because
@@ -80,6 +75,12 @@
     ],
 }
 
+filegroup {
+    name: "connectivity-t-hiddenapi-files",
+    srcs: ["hiddenapi/*.txt"],
+    visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"],
+}
+
 java_library {
     name: "framework-connectivity-t-pre-jarjar",
     defaults: ["framework-connectivity-t-defaults"],
@@ -103,7 +104,14 @@
     // Do not add static_libs to this library: put them in framework-connectivity instead.
     // The jarjar rules are only so that references to jarjared utils in
     // framework-connectivity-pre-jarjar match at runtime.
-    jarjar_rules: ":connectivity-jarjar-rules",
+    jarjar_rules: ":framework-connectivity-jarjar-rules",
+    stub_only_libs: [
+        // Use prebuilt framework-connectivity stubs to avoid circular dependencies
+        "sdk_module-lib_current_framework-connectivity",
+    ],
+    libs: [
+        "sdk_module-lib_current_framework-connectivity",
+    ],
     permitted_packages: [
         "android.app.usage",
         "android.net",
@@ -112,12 +120,26 @@
         "com.android.connectivity",
         "com.android.nearby",
     ],
+
+    hidden_api: {
+        max_target_o_low_priority: [
+            "hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-o-low-priority-tiramisu.txt",
+        ],
+        max_target_r_low_priority: [
+            "hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-r-loprio.txt",
+        ],
+        unsupported: [
+            "hiddenapi/hiddenapi-unsupported-tiramisu.txt",
+        ],
+    },
+
     impl_library_visibility: [
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/Tethering/apex",
         // In preparation for future move
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/apex",
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/service", // For R8 only
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/service-t",
-        "//packages/modules/Nearby/service",
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/nearby/service",
         "//frameworks/base",
 
         // Tests using hidden APIs
@@ -134,10 +156,15 @@
         "//frameworks/opt/telephony/tests/telephonytests",
         "//packages/modules/CaptivePortalLogin/tests",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/Tethering/tests:__subpackages__",
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/nearby/tests:__subpackages__",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/tests:__subpackages__",
         "//packages/modules/IPsec/tests/iketests",
         "//packages/modules/NetworkStack/tests:__subpackages__",
-        "//packages/modules/Nearby/tests:__subpackages__",
         "//packages/modules/Wifi/service/tests/wifitests",
     ],
 }
+
+platform_compat_config {
+    name: "connectivity-t-platform-compat-config",
+    src: ":framework-connectivity-t",
+}
diff --git a/framework-t/Sources.bp b/framework-t/Sources.bp
index b30ee80..391a562 100644
--- a/framework-t/Sources.bp
+++ b/framework-t/Sources.bp
@@ -14,125 +14,13 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //
 
-// NetworkStats related libraries.
-
-filegroup {
-    name: "framework-connectivity-netstats-internal-sources",
-    srcs: [
-        "src/android/app/usage/*.java",
-        "src/android/net/DataUsageRequest.*",
-        "src/android/net/INetworkStatsService.aidl",
-        "src/android/net/INetworkStatsSession.aidl",
-        "src/android/net/NetworkIdentity.java",
-        "src/android/net/NetworkIdentitySet.java",
-        "src/android/net/NetworkStateSnapshot.*",
-        "src/android/net/NetworkStats.*",
-        "src/android/net/NetworkStatsAccess.*",
-        "src/android/net/NetworkStatsCollection.*",
-        "src/android/net/NetworkStatsHistory.*",
-        "src/android/net/NetworkTemplate.*",
-        "src/android/net/TrafficStats.java",
-        "src/android/net/UnderlyingNetworkInfo.*",
-        "src/android/net/netstats/**/*.*",
-    ],
-    path: "src",
-    visibility: [
-        "//visibility:private",
-    ],
-}
-
-filegroup {
-    name: "framework-connectivity-netstats-sources",
-    srcs: [
-        ":framework-connectivity-netstats-internal-sources",
-    ],
-    visibility: [
-        "//visibility:private",
-    ],
-}
-
-// Nsd related libraries.
-
-filegroup {
-    name: "framework-connectivity-nsd-internal-sources",
-    srcs: [
-        "src/android/net/nsd/*.aidl",
-        "src/android/net/nsd/*.java",
-    ],
-    path: "src",
-    visibility: [
-        "//visibility:private",
-    ],
-}
-
-filegroup {
-    name: "framework-connectivity-nsd-sources",
-    srcs: [
-        ":framework-connectivity-nsd-internal-sources",
-    ],
-    visibility: [
-        "//visibility:private",
-    ],
-}
-
-// IpSec related libraries.
-
-filegroup {
-    name: "framework-connectivity-ipsec-sources",
-    srcs: [
-        "src/android/net/IIpSecService.aidl",
-        "src/android/net/IpSec*.*",
-    ],
-    path: "src",
-    visibility: [
-        "//visibility:private",
-    ],
-}
-
-// Ethernet related libraries.
-
-filegroup {
-    name: "framework-connectivity-ethernet-sources",
-    srcs: [
-        "src/android/net/EthernetManager.java",
-        "src/android/net/EthernetNetworkManagementException.java",
-        "src/android/net/EthernetNetworkManagementException.aidl",
-        "src/android/net/EthernetNetworkSpecifier.java",
-        "src/android/net/EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest.java",
-        "src/android/net/EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest.aidl",
-        "src/android/net/IEthernetManager.aidl",
-        "src/android/net/IEthernetServiceListener.aidl",
-        "src/android/net/INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver.aidl",
-        "src/android/net/ITetheredInterfaceCallback.aidl",
-    ],
-    path: "src",
-    visibility: [
-        "//visibility:private",
-    ],
-}
-
-// Connectivity-T common libraries.
-
-filegroup {
-    name: "framework-connectivity-tiramisu-internal-sources",
-    srcs: [
-        "src/android/net/ConnectivityFrameworkInitializerTiramisu.java",
-    ],
-    path: "src",
-    visibility: [
-        "//visibility:private",
-    ],
-}
-
 filegroup {
     name: "framework-connectivity-tiramisu-updatable-sources",
     srcs: [
-        ":framework-connectivity-ethernet-sources",
-        ":framework-connectivity-ipsec-sources",
-        ":framework-connectivity-netstats-sources",
-        ":framework-connectivity-nsd-sources",
-        ":framework-connectivity-tiramisu-internal-sources",
+        "src/**/*.java",
+        "src/**/*.aidl",
     ],
+    path: "src",
     visibility: [
         "//frameworks/base",
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__",
diff --git a/framework-t/api/current.txt b/framework-t/api/current.txt
index 1b47481..eb77288 100644
--- a/framework-t/api/current.txt
+++ b/framework-t/api/current.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
   public final class NetworkStats implements java.lang.AutoCloseable {
     method public void close();
-    method public boolean getNextBucket(android.app.usage.NetworkStats.Bucket);
+    method public boolean getNextBucket(@Nullable android.app.usage.NetworkStats.Bucket);
     method public boolean hasNextBucket();
   }
 
@@ -40,21 +40,21 @@
   }
 
   public class NetworkStatsManager {
-    method @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats queryDetails(int, String, long, long) throws android.os.RemoteException, java.lang.SecurityException;
-    method @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats queryDetailsForUid(int, String, long, long, int) throws java.lang.SecurityException;
-    method @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats queryDetailsForUidTag(int, String, long, long, int, int) throws java.lang.SecurityException;
-    method @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats queryDetailsForUidTagState(int, String, long, long, int, int, int) throws java.lang.SecurityException;
-    method @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats querySummary(int, String, long, long) throws android.os.RemoteException, java.lang.SecurityException;
-    method @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats.Bucket querySummaryForDevice(int, String, long, long) throws android.os.RemoteException, java.lang.SecurityException;
-    method @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats.Bucket querySummaryForUser(int, String, long, long) throws android.os.RemoteException, java.lang.SecurityException;
-    method public void registerUsageCallback(int, String, long, android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback);
-    method public void registerUsageCallback(int, String, long, android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback, @Nullable android.os.Handler);
-    method public void unregisterUsageCallback(android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback);
+    method @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats queryDetails(int, @Nullable String, long, long) throws android.os.RemoteException, java.lang.SecurityException;
+    method @NonNull @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats queryDetailsForUid(int, @Nullable String, long, long, int) throws java.lang.SecurityException;
+    method @NonNull @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats queryDetailsForUidTag(int, @Nullable String, long, long, int, int) throws java.lang.SecurityException;
+    method @NonNull @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats queryDetailsForUidTagState(int, @Nullable String, long, long, int, int, int) throws java.lang.SecurityException;
+    method @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats querySummary(int, @Nullable String, long, long) throws android.os.RemoteException, java.lang.SecurityException;
+    method @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats.Bucket querySummaryForDevice(int, @Nullable String, long, long) throws android.os.RemoteException, java.lang.SecurityException;
+    method @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats.Bucket querySummaryForUser(int, @Nullable String, long, long) throws android.os.RemoteException, java.lang.SecurityException;
+    method public void registerUsageCallback(int, @Nullable String, long, @NonNull android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback);
+    method public void registerUsageCallback(int, @Nullable String, long, @NonNull android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback, @Nullable android.os.Handler);
+    method public void unregisterUsageCallback(@NonNull android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback);
   }
 
   public abstract static class NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback {
     ctor public NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback();
-    method public abstract void onThresholdReached(int, String);
+    method public abstract void onThresholdReached(int, @Nullable String);
   }
 
 }
@@ -173,12 +173,12 @@
     method public static void incrementOperationCount(int, int);
     method public static void setThreadStatsTag(int);
     method public static void setThreadStatsUid(int);
-    method public static void tagDatagramSocket(java.net.DatagramSocket) throws java.net.SocketException;
-    method public static void tagFileDescriptor(java.io.FileDescriptor) throws java.io.IOException;
-    method public static void tagSocket(java.net.Socket) throws java.net.SocketException;
-    method public static void untagDatagramSocket(java.net.DatagramSocket) throws java.net.SocketException;
-    method public static void untagFileDescriptor(java.io.FileDescriptor) throws java.io.IOException;
-    method public static void untagSocket(java.net.Socket) throws java.net.SocketException;
+    method public static void tagDatagramSocket(@NonNull java.net.DatagramSocket) throws java.net.SocketException;
+    method public static void tagFileDescriptor(@NonNull java.io.FileDescriptor) throws java.io.IOException;
+    method public static void tagSocket(@NonNull java.net.Socket) throws java.net.SocketException;
+    method public static void untagDatagramSocket(@NonNull java.net.DatagramSocket) throws java.net.SocketException;
+    method public static void untagFileDescriptor(@NonNull java.io.FileDescriptor) throws java.io.IOException;
+    method public static void untagSocket(@NonNull java.net.Socket) throws java.net.SocketException;
     field public static final int UNSUPPORTED = -1; // 0xffffffff
   }
 
diff --git a/framework-t/api/lint-baseline.txt b/framework-t/api/lint-baseline.txt
index 53e1beb..2996a3e 100644
--- a/framework-t/api/lint-baseline.txt
+++ b/framework-t/api/lint-baseline.txt
@@ -41,86 +41,18 @@
     android.net.IpSecTransform.Builder does not declare a `build()` method, but builder classes are expected to
 
 
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStats#getNextBucket(android.app.usage.NetworkStats.Bucket) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `bucketOut` in method `getNextBucket`
 MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#queryDetails(int, String, long, long):
     Missing nullability on method `queryDetails` return
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#queryDetails(int, String, long, long) parameter #1:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `subscriberId` in method `queryDetails`
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#queryDetailsForUid(int, String, long, long, int):
-    Missing nullability on method `queryDetailsForUid` return
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#queryDetailsForUid(int, String, long, long, int) parameter #1:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `subscriberId` in method `queryDetailsForUid`
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#queryDetailsForUidTag(int, String, long, long, int, int):
-    Missing nullability on method `queryDetailsForUidTag` return
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#queryDetailsForUidTag(int, String, long, long, int, int) parameter #1:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `subscriberId` in method `queryDetailsForUidTag`
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#queryDetailsForUidTagState(int, String, long, long, int, int, int):
-    Missing nullability on method `queryDetailsForUidTagState` return
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#queryDetailsForUidTagState(int, String, long, long, int, int, int) parameter #1:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `subscriberId` in method `queryDetailsForUidTagState`
 MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#querySummary(int, String, long, long):
     Missing nullability on method `querySummary` return
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#querySummary(int, String, long, long) parameter #1:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `subscriberId` in method `querySummary`
 MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#querySummaryForDevice(int, String, long, long):
     Missing nullability on method `querySummaryForDevice` return
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#querySummaryForDevice(int, String, long, long) parameter #1:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `subscriberId` in method `querySummaryForDevice`
 MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#querySummaryForUser(int, String, long, long):
     Missing nullability on method `querySummaryForUser` return
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#querySummaryForUser(int, String, long, long) parameter #1:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `subscriberId` in method `querySummaryForUser`
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#registerUsageCallback(int, String, long, android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback) parameter #1:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `subscriberId` in method `registerUsageCallback`
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#registerUsageCallback(int, String, long, android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback) parameter #3:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `callback` in method `registerUsageCallback`
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#registerUsageCallback(int, String, long, android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback, android.os.Handler) parameter #1:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `subscriberId` in method `registerUsageCallback`
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#registerUsageCallback(int, String, long, android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback, android.os.Handler) parameter #3:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `callback` in method `registerUsageCallback`
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#unregisterUsageCallback(android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `callback` in method `unregisterUsageCallback`
-MissingNullability: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback#onThresholdReached(int, String) parameter #1:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `subscriberId` in method `onThresholdReached`
 MissingNullability: android.net.IpSecAlgorithm#writeToParcel(android.os.Parcel, int) parameter #0:
     Missing nullability on parameter `out` in method `writeToParcel`
 MissingNullability: android.net.IpSecManager.UdpEncapsulationSocket#getFileDescriptor():
     Missing nullability on method `getFileDescriptor` return
-MissingNullability: android.net.TrafficStats#tagDatagramSocket(java.net.DatagramSocket) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `socket` in method `tagDatagramSocket`
-MissingNullability: android.net.TrafficStats#tagFileDescriptor(java.io.FileDescriptor) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `fd` in method `tagFileDescriptor`
-MissingNullability: android.net.TrafficStats#tagSocket(java.net.Socket) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `socket` in method `tagSocket`
-MissingNullability: android.net.TrafficStats#untagDatagramSocket(java.net.DatagramSocket) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `socket` in method `untagDatagramSocket`
-MissingNullability: android.net.TrafficStats#untagFileDescriptor(java.io.FileDescriptor) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `fd` in method `untagFileDescriptor`
-MissingNullability: android.net.TrafficStats#untagSocket(java.net.Socket) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `socket` in method `untagSocket`
-MissingNullability: com.android.internal.util.FileRotator#FileRotator(java.io.File, String, long, long) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `basePath` in method `FileRotator`
-MissingNullability: com.android.internal.util.FileRotator#FileRotator(java.io.File, String, long, long) parameter #1:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `prefix` in method `FileRotator`
-MissingNullability: com.android.internal.util.FileRotator#dumpAll(java.io.OutputStream) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `os` in method `dumpAll`
-MissingNullability: com.android.internal.util.FileRotator#readMatching(com.android.internal.util.FileRotator.Reader, long, long) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `reader` in method `readMatching`
-MissingNullability: com.android.internal.util.FileRotator#rewriteActive(com.android.internal.util.FileRotator.Rewriter, long) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `rewriter` in method `rewriteActive`
-MissingNullability: com.android.internal.util.FileRotator#rewriteAll(com.android.internal.util.FileRotator.Rewriter) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `rewriter` in method `rewriteAll`
-MissingNullability: com.android.internal.util.FileRotator.Reader#read(java.io.InputStream) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `in` in method `read`
-MissingNullability: com.android.internal.util.FileRotator.Writer#write(java.io.OutputStream) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `out` in method `write`
-MissingNullability: com.android.server.NetworkManagementSocketTagger#kernelToTag(String) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `string` in method `kernelToTag`
-MissingNullability: com.android.server.NetworkManagementSocketTagger#tag(java.io.FileDescriptor) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `fd` in method `tag`
-MissingNullability: com.android.server.NetworkManagementSocketTagger#untag(java.io.FileDescriptor) parameter #0:
-    Missing nullability on parameter `fd` in method `untag`
 
 
 RethrowRemoteException: android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#queryDetails(int, String, long, long):
diff --git a/framework-t/api/module-lib-current.txt b/framework-t/api/module-lib-current.txt
index 658c625..5a8d47b 100644
--- a/framework-t/api/module-lib-current.txt
+++ b/framework-t/api/module-lib-current.txt
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
   public class NetworkStatsManager {
     method @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK}) public void forceUpdate();
     method public static int getCollapsedRatType(int);
+    method @NonNull @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK}) public android.net.NetworkStats getMobileUidStats();
+    method @NonNull @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK}) public android.net.NetworkStats getWifiUidStats();
     method @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK}) public void noteUidForeground(int, boolean);
     method @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK}) public void notifyNetworkStatus(@NonNull java.util.List<android.net.Network>, @NonNull java.util.List<android.net.NetworkStateSnapshot>, @Nullable String, @NonNull java.util.List<android.net.UnderlyingNetworkInfo>);
     method @NonNull @WorkerThread public android.app.usage.NetworkStats queryDetailsForDevice(@NonNull android.net.NetworkTemplate, long, long);
@@ -25,6 +27,14 @@
 
 }
 
+package android.nearby {
+
+  public final class NearbyFrameworkInitializer {
+    method public static void registerServiceWrappers();
+  }
+
+}
+
 package android.net {
 
   public final class ConnectivityFrameworkInitializerTiramisu {
@@ -182,6 +192,7 @@
   public class TrafficStats {
     method public static void attachSocketTagger();
     method public static void init(@NonNull android.content.Context);
+    method public static void setThreadStatsTagDownload();
   }
 
   public final class UnderlyingNetworkInfo implements android.os.Parcelable {
diff --git a/framework-t/api/system-current.txt b/framework-t/api/system-current.txt
index 0f37b6f..c2d245c 100644
--- a/framework-t/api/system-current.txt
+++ b/framework-t/api/system-current.txt
@@ -2,10 +2,216 @@
 package android.app.usage {
 
   public class NetworkStatsManager {
-    method @NonNull @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK}) public android.net.NetworkStats getMobileUidStats();
-    method @NonNull @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK}) public android.net.NetworkStats getWifiUidStats();
-    method @NonNull @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STATS_PROVIDER, android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK}) public void registerNetworkStatsProvider(@NonNull String, @NonNull android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider);
-    method @NonNull @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STATS_PROVIDER, android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK}) public void unregisterNetworkStatsProvider(@NonNull android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider);
+    method @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STATS_PROVIDER, android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK}) public void registerNetworkStatsProvider(@NonNull String, @NonNull android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider);
+    method @RequiresPermission(anyOf={android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STATS_PROVIDER, android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK}) public void unregisterNetworkStatsProvider(@NonNull android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider);
+  }
+
+}
+
+package android.nearby {
+
+  public interface BroadcastCallback {
+    method public void onStatusChanged(int);
+    field public static final int STATUS_FAILURE = 1; // 0x1
+    field public static final int STATUS_FAILURE_ALREADY_REGISTERED = 2; // 0x2
+    field public static final int STATUS_FAILURE_MISSING_PERMISSIONS = 4; // 0x4
+    field public static final int STATUS_FAILURE_SIZE_EXCEED_LIMIT = 3; // 0x3
+    field public static final int STATUS_OK = 0; // 0x0
+  }
+
+  public abstract class BroadcastRequest {
+    method @NonNull public java.util.List<java.lang.Integer> getMediums();
+    method @IntRange(from=0xffffff81, to=126) public int getTxPower();
+    method public int getType();
+    method public int getVersion();
+    field public static final int BROADCAST_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE = 3; // 0x3
+    field public static final int BROADCAST_TYPE_UNKNOWN = -1; // 0xffffffff
+    field public static final int MEDIUM_BLE = 1; // 0x1
+    field public static final int PRESENCE_VERSION_UNKNOWN = -1; // 0xffffffff
+    field public static final int PRESENCE_VERSION_V0 = 0; // 0x0
+    field public static final int PRESENCE_VERSION_V1 = 1; // 0x1
+    field public static final int UNKNOWN_TX_POWER = -127; // 0xffffff81
+  }
+
+  public final class CredentialElement implements android.os.Parcelable {
+    ctor public CredentialElement(@NonNull String, @NonNull byte[]);
+    method public int describeContents();
+    method @NonNull public String getKey();
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getValue();
+    method public void writeToParcel(@NonNull android.os.Parcel, int);
+    field @NonNull public static final android.os.Parcelable.Creator<android.nearby.CredentialElement> CREATOR;
+  }
+
+  public final class DataElement implements android.os.Parcelable {
+    ctor public DataElement(int, @NonNull byte[]);
+    method public int describeContents();
+    method public int getKey();
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getValue();
+    method public void writeToParcel(@NonNull android.os.Parcel, int);
+    field @NonNull public static final android.os.Parcelable.Creator<android.nearby.DataElement> CREATOR;
+  }
+
+  public abstract class NearbyDevice {
+    method @NonNull public java.util.List<java.lang.Integer> getMediums();
+    method @Nullable public String getName();
+    method @IntRange(from=0xffffff81, to=126) public int getRssi();
+    method public static boolean isValidMedium(int);
+  }
+
+  public class NearbyManager {
+    method @RequiresPermission(allOf={android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED}) public void startBroadcast(@NonNull android.nearby.BroadcastRequest, @NonNull java.util.concurrent.Executor, @NonNull android.nearby.BroadcastCallback);
+    method @RequiresPermission(allOf={android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED}) public int startScan(@NonNull android.nearby.ScanRequest, @NonNull java.util.concurrent.Executor, @NonNull android.nearby.ScanCallback);
+    method @RequiresPermission(allOf={android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED}) public void stopBroadcast(@NonNull android.nearby.BroadcastCallback);
+    method @RequiresPermission(allOf={android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED}) public void stopScan(@NonNull android.nearby.ScanCallback);
+  }
+
+  public final class PresenceBroadcastRequest extends android.nearby.BroadcastRequest implements android.os.Parcelable {
+    method public int describeContents();
+    method @NonNull public java.util.List<java.lang.Integer> getActions();
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PrivateCredential getCredential();
+    method @NonNull public java.util.List<android.nearby.DataElement> getExtendedProperties();
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getSalt();
+    method public void writeToParcel(@NonNull android.os.Parcel, int);
+    field @NonNull public static final android.os.Parcelable.Creator<android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest> CREATOR;
+  }
+
+  public static final class PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder {
+    ctor public PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(@NonNull java.util.List<java.lang.Integer>, @NonNull byte[], @NonNull android.nearby.PrivateCredential);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder addAction(@IntRange(from=1, to=255) int);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder addExtendedProperty(@NonNull android.nearby.DataElement);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest build();
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder setTxPower(@IntRange(from=0xffffff81, to=126) int);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder setVersion(int);
+  }
+
+  public abstract class PresenceCredential {
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getAuthenticityKey();
+    method @NonNull public java.util.List<android.nearby.CredentialElement> getCredentialElements();
+    method public int getIdentityType();
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getSecretId();
+    method public int getType();
+    field public static final int CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PRIVATE = 0; // 0x0
+    field public static final int CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PUBLIC = 1; // 0x1
+    field public static final int IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE = 1; // 0x1
+    field public static final int IDENTITY_TYPE_PROVISIONED = 2; // 0x2
+    field public static final int IDENTITY_TYPE_TRUSTED = 3; // 0x3
+    field public static final int IDENTITY_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0; // 0x0
+  }
+
+  public final class PresenceDevice extends android.nearby.NearbyDevice implements android.os.Parcelable {
+    method public int describeContents();
+    method @NonNull public String getDeviceId();
+    method @Nullable public String getDeviceImageUrl();
+    method public int getDeviceType();
+    method public long getDiscoveryTimestampMillis();
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getEncryptedIdentity();
+    method @NonNull public java.util.List<android.nearby.DataElement> getExtendedProperties();
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getSalt();
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getSecretId();
+    method public void writeToParcel(@NonNull android.os.Parcel, int);
+    field @NonNull public static final android.os.Parcelable.Creator<android.nearby.PresenceDevice> CREATOR;
+  }
+
+  public static final class PresenceDevice.Builder {
+    ctor public PresenceDevice.Builder(@NonNull String, @NonNull byte[], @NonNull byte[], @NonNull byte[]);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceDevice.Builder addExtendedProperty(@NonNull android.nearby.DataElement);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceDevice.Builder addMedium(int);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceDevice build();
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceDevice.Builder setDeviceImageUrl(@Nullable String);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceDevice.Builder setDeviceType(int);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceDevice.Builder setDiscoveryTimestampMillis(long);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceDevice.Builder setName(@Nullable String);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceDevice.Builder setRssi(int);
+  }
+
+  public final class PresenceScanFilter extends android.nearby.ScanFilter implements android.os.Parcelable {
+    method public int describeContents();
+    method @NonNull public java.util.List<android.nearby.PublicCredential> getCredentials();
+    method @NonNull public java.util.List<android.nearby.DataElement> getExtendedProperties();
+    method @NonNull public java.util.List<java.lang.Integer> getPresenceActions();
+    method public void writeToParcel(@NonNull android.os.Parcel, int);
+    field @NonNull public static final android.os.Parcelable.Creator<android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter> CREATOR;
+  }
+
+  public static final class PresenceScanFilter.Builder {
+    ctor public PresenceScanFilter.Builder();
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter.Builder addCredential(@NonNull android.nearby.PublicCredential);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter.Builder addExtendedProperty(@NonNull android.nearby.DataElement);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter.Builder addPresenceAction(@IntRange(from=1, to=255) int);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter build();
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter.Builder setMaxPathLoss(@IntRange(from=0, to=127) int);
+  }
+
+  public final class PrivateCredential extends android.nearby.PresenceCredential implements android.os.Parcelable {
+    method public int describeContents();
+    method @NonNull public String getDeviceName();
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getMetadataEncryptionKey();
+    method public void writeToParcel(@NonNull android.os.Parcel, int);
+    field @NonNull public static final android.os.Parcelable.Creator<android.nearby.PrivateCredential> CREATOR;
+  }
+
+  public static final class PrivateCredential.Builder {
+    ctor public PrivateCredential.Builder(@NonNull byte[], @NonNull byte[], @NonNull byte[], @NonNull String);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PrivateCredential.Builder addCredentialElement(@NonNull android.nearby.CredentialElement);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PrivateCredential build();
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PrivateCredential.Builder setIdentityType(int);
+  }
+
+  public final class PublicCredential extends android.nearby.PresenceCredential implements android.os.Parcelable {
+    method public int describeContents();
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getEncryptedMetadata();
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag();
+    method @NonNull public byte[] getPublicKey();
+    method public void writeToParcel(@NonNull android.os.Parcel, int);
+    field @NonNull public static final android.os.Parcelable.Creator<android.nearby.PublicCredential> CREATOR;
+  }
+
+  public static final class PublicCredential.Builder {
+    ctor public PublicCredential.Builder(@NonNull byte[], @NonNull byte[], @NonNull byte[], @NonNull byte[], @NonNull byte[]);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PublicCredential.Builder addCredentialElement(@NonNull android.nearby.CredentialElement);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PublicCredential build();
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.PublicCredential.Builder setIdentityType(int);
+  }
+
+  public interface ScanCallback {
+    method public void onDiscovered(@NonNull android.nearby.NearbyDevice);
+    method public void onLost(@NonNull android.nearby.NearbyDevice);
+    method public void onUpdated(@NonNull android.nearby.NearbyDevice);
+  }
+
+  public abstract class ScanFilter {
+    method @IntRange(from=0, to=127) public int getMaxPathLoss();
+    method public int getType();
+  }
+
+  public final class ScanRequest implements android.os.Parcelable {
+    method public int describeContents();
+    method @NonNull public java.util.List<android.nearby.ScanFilter> getScanFilters();
+    method public int getScanMode();
+    method public int getScanType();
+    method @NonNull public android.os.WorkSource getWorkSource();
+    method public boolean isBleEnabled();
+    method public static boolean isValidScanMode(int);
+    method public static boolean isValidScanType(int);
+    method @NonNull public static String scanModeToString(int);
+    method public void writeToParcel(@NonNull android.os.Parcel, int);
+    field @NonNull public static final android.os.Parcelable.Creator<android.nearby.ScanRequest> CREATOR;
+    field public static final int SCAN_MODE_BALANCED = 1; // 0x1
+    field public static final int SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY = 2; // 0x2
+    field public static final int SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER = 0; // 0x0
+    field public static final int SCAN_MODE_NO_POWER = -1; // 0xffffffff
+    field public static final int SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR = 1; // 0x1
+    field public static final int SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE = 2; // 0x2
+  }
+
+  public static final class ScanRequest.Builder {
+    ctor public ScanRequest.Builder();
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.ScanRequest.Builder addScanFilter(@NonNull android.nearby.ScanFilter);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.ScanRequest build();
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.ScanRequest.Builder setBleEnabled(boolean);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.ScanRequest.Builder setScanMode(int);
+    method @NonNull public android.nearby.ScanRequest.Builder setScanType(int);
+    method @NonNull @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS) public android.nearby.ScanRequest.Builder setWorkSource(@Nullable android.os.WorkSource);
   }
 
 }
@@ -113,7 +319,6 @@
   public class TrafficStats {
     method public static void setThreadStatsTagApp();
     method public static void setThreadStatsTagBackup();
-    method public static void setThreadStatsTagDownload();
     method public static void setThreadStatsTagRestore();
     field public static final int TAG_NETWORK_STACK_IMPERSONATION_RANGE_END = -113; // 0xffffff8f
     field public static final int TAG_NETWORK_STACK_IMPERSONATION_RANGE_START = -128; // 0xffffff80
diff --git a/Tethering/apex/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-o-low-priority-tiramisu.txt b/framework-t/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-o-low-priority-tiramisu.txt
similarity index 100%
rename from Tethering/apex/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-o-low-priority-tiramisu.txt
rename to framework-t/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-o-low-priority-tiramisu.txt
diff --git a/Tethering/apex/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-r-loprio.txt b/framework-t/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-r-loprio.txt
similarity index 100%
rename from Tethering/apex/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-r-loprio.txt
rename to framework-t/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-max-target-r-loprio.txt
diff --git a/Tethering/apex/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-unsupported-tiramisu.txt b/framework-t/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-unsupported-tiramisu.txt
similarity index 100%
rename from Tethering/apex/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-unsupported-tiramisu.txt
rename to framework-t/hiddenapi/hiddenapi-unsupported-tiramisu.txt
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/app/usage/NetworkStats.java b/framework-t/src/android/app/usage/NetworkStats.java
index 2b6570a..26841de 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/app/usage/NetworkStats.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/app/usage/NetworkStats.java
@@ -1,22 +1,23 @@
 /**
  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
  *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
- * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy
- * of the License at
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
  *
- * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  *
  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- * under the License.
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
  */
 
 package android.app.usage;
 
 import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.INetworkStatsService;
 import android.net.INetworkStatsSession;
@@ -35,11 +36,11 @@
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 
 /**
- * Class providing enumeration over buckets of network usage statistics. {@link NetworkStats} objects
- * are returned as results to various queries in {@link NetworkStatsManager}.
+ * Class providing enumeration over buckets of network usage statistics. {@link NetworkStats}
+ * objects are returned as results to various queries in {@link NetworkStatsManager}.
  */
 public final class NetworkStats implements AutoCloseable {
-    private final static String TAG = "NetworkStats";
+    private static final String TAG = "NetworkStats";
 
     private final CloseGuard mCloseGuard = CloseGuard.get();
 
@@ -474,10 +475,11 @@
 
     /**
      * Fills the recycled bucket with data of the next bin in the enumeration.
-     * @param bucketOut Bucket to be filled with data.
+     * @param bucketOut Bucket to be filled with data. If null, the method does
+     *                  nothing and returning false.
      * @return true if successfully filled the bucket, false otherwise.
      */
-    public boolean getNextBucket(Bucket bucketOut) {
+    public boolean getNextBucket(@Nullable Bucket bucketOut) {
         if (mSummary != null) {
             return getNextSummaryBucket(bucketOut);
         } else {
@@ -614,7 +616,7 @@
     /**
      * Steps to next uid in enumeration and collects history for that.
      */
-    private void stepHistory(){
+    private void stepHistory() {
         if (hasNextUid()) {
             stepUid();
             mHistory = null;
@@ -651,7 +653,7 @@
      * @param bucketOut Next item will be set here.
      * @return true if a next item could be set.
      */
-    private boolean getNextSummaryBucket(Bucket bucketOut) {
+    private boolean getNextSummaryBucket(@Nullable Bucket bucketOut) {
         if (bucketOut != null && mEnumerationIndex < mSummary.size()) {
             mRecycledSummaryEntry = mSummary.getValues(mEnumerationIndex++, mRecycledSummaryEntry);
             fillBucketFromSummaryEntry(bucketOut);
@@ -678,7 +680,7 @@
      * @param bucketOut Next item will be set here.
      * @return true if a next item could be set.
      */
-    private boolean getNextHistoryBucket(Bucket bucketOut) {
+    private boolean getNextHistoryBucket(@Nullable Bucket bucketOut) {
         if (bucketOut != null && mHistory != null) {
             if (mEnumerationIndex < mHistory.size()) {
                 mRecycledHistoryEntry = mHistory.getValues(mEnumerationIndex++,
@@ -690,8 +692,8 @@
                 bucketOut.mMetered = Bucket.METERED_ALL;
                 bucketOut.mRoaming = Bucket.ROAMING_ALL;
                 bucketOut.mBeginTimeStamp = mRecycledHistoryEntry.bucketStart;
-                bucketOut.mEndTimeStamp = mRecycledHistoryEntry.bucketStart +
-                        mRecycledHistoryEntry.bucketDuration;
+                bucketOut.mEndTimeStamp = mRecycledHistoryEntry.bucketStart
+                        + mRecycledHistoryEntry.bucketDuration;
                 bucketOut.mRxBytes = mRecycledHistoryEntry.rxBytes;
                 bucketOut.mRxPackets = mRecycledHistoryEntry.rxPackets;
                 bucketOut.mTxBytes = mRecycledHistoryEntry.txBytes;
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/app/usage/NetworkStatsManager.java b/framework-t/src/android/app/usage/NetworkStatsManager.java
index bf518b2..d139544 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/app/usage/NetworkStatsManager.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/app/usage/NetworkStatsManager.java
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@
 import static android.annotation.SystemApi.Client.MODULE_LIBRARIES;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_YES;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_WIFI;
 
 import android.Manifest;
 import android.annotation.CallbackExecutor;
@@ -55,6 +58,7 @@
 
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 
 /**
@@ -290,7 +294,7 @@
      *         statistics collection.
      */
     @WorkerThread
-    public Bucket querySummaryForDevice(int networkType, String subscriberId,
+    public Bucket querySummaryForDevice(int networkType, @Nullable String subscriberId,
             long startTime, long endTime) throws SecurityException, RemoteException {
         NetworkTemplate template;
         try {
@@ -335,8 +339,8 @@
      *         statistics collection.
      */
     @WorkerThread
-    public Bucket querySummaryForUser(int networkType, String subscriberId, long startTime,
-            long endTime) throws SecurityException, RemoteException {
+    public Bucket querySummaryForUser(int networkType, @Nullable String subscriberId,
+            long startTime, long endTime) throws SecurityException, RemoteException {
         NetworkTemplate template;
         try {
             template = createTemplate(networkType, subscriberId);
@@ -384,7 +388,7 @@
      *         statistics collection.
      */
     @WorkerThread
-    public NetworkStats querySummary(int networkType, String subscriberId, long startTime,
+    public NetworkStats querySummary(int networkType, @Nullable String subscriberId, long startTime,
             long endTime) throws SecurityException, RemoteException {
         NetworkTemplate template;
         try {
@@ -508,15 +512,17 @@
      *
      * @see #queryDetailsForUidTagState(int, String, long, long, int, int, int)
      */
+    @NonNull
     @WorkerThread
-    public NetworkStats queryDetailsForUid(int networkType, String subscriberId,
+    public NetworkStats queryDetailsForUid(int networkType, @Nullable String subscriberId,
             long startTime, long endTime, int uid) throws SecurityException {
         return queryDetailsForUidTagState(networkType, subscriberId, startTime, endTime, uid,
             NetworkStats.Bucket.TAG_NONE, NetworkStats.Bucket.STATE_ALL);
     }
 
     /** @hide */
-    public NetworkStats queryDetailsForUid(NetworkTemplate template,
+    @NonNull
+    public NetworkStats queryDetailsForUid(@NonNull NetworkTemplate template,
             long startTime, long endTime, int uid) throws SecurityException {
         return queryDetailsForUidTagState(template, startTime, endTime, uid,
                 NetworkStats.Bucket.TAG_NONE, NetworkStats.Bucket.STATE_ALL);
@@ -524,23 +530,59 @@
 
     /**
      * Query network usage statistics details for a given uid and tag.
+     *
+     * This may take a long time, and apps should avoid calling this on their main thread.
+     * Only usable for uids belonging to calling user. Result is not aggregated over time.
+     * This means buckets' start and end timestamps are going to be between 'startTime' and
+     * 'endTime' parameters. The uid is going to be the same as the 'uid' parameter, the tag
+     * the same as the 'tag' parameter, and the state the same as the 'state' parameter.
+     * defaultNetwork is going to be {@link NetworkStats.Bucket#DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL},
+     * metered is going to be {@link NetworkStats.Bucket#METERED_ALL}, and
+     * roaming is going to be {@link NetworkStats.Bucket#ROAMING_ALL}.
+     * <p>Only includes buckets that atomically occur in the inclusive time range. Doesn't
+     * interpolate across partial buckets. Since bucket length is in the order of hours, this
+     * method cannot be used to measure data usage on a fine grained time scale.
      * This may take a long time, and apps should avoid calling this on their main thread.
      *
-     * @see #queryDetailsForUidTagState(int, String, long, long, int, int, int)
+     * @param networkType As defined in {@link ConnectivityManager}, e.g.
+     *            {@link ConnectivityManager#TYPE_MOBILE}, {@link ConnectivityManager#TYPE_WIFI}
+     *            etc.
+     * @param subscriberId If applicable, the subscriber id of the network interface.
+     *                     <p>Starting with API level 29, the {@code subscriberId} is guarded by
+     *                     additional restrictions. Calling apps that do not meet the new
+     *                     requirements to access the {@code subscriberId} can provide a {@code
+     *                     null} value when querying for the mobile network type to receive usage
+     *                     for all mobile networks. For additional details see {@link
+     *                     TelephonyManager#getSubscriberId()}.
+     *                     <p>Starting with API level 31, calling apps can provide a
+     *                     {@code subscriberId} with wifi network type to receive usage for
+     *                     wifi networks which is under the given subscription if applicable.
+     *                     Otherwise, pass {@code null} when querying all wifi networks.
+     * @param startTime Start of period. Defined in terms of "Unix time", see
+     *            {@link java.lang.System#currentTimeMillis}.
+     * @param endTime End of period. Defined in terms of "Unix time", see
+     *            {@link java.lang.System#currentTimeMillis}.
+     * @param uid UID of app
+     * @param tag TAG of interest. Use {@link NetworkStats.Bucket#TAG_NONE} for aggregated data
+     *            across all the tags.
+     * @return Statistics which is described above.
+     * @throws SecurityException if permissions are insufficient to read network statistics.
      */
+    @NonNull
     @WorkerThread
-    public NetworkStats queryDetailsForUidTag(int networkType, String subscriberId,
+    public NetworkStats queryDetailsForUidTag(int networkType, @Nullable String subscriberId,
             long startTime, long endTime, int uid, int tag) throws SecurityException {
         return queryDetailsForUidTagState(networkType, subscriberId, startTime, endTime, uid,
             tag, NetworkStats.Bucket.STATE_ALL);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Query network usage statistics details for a given uid, tag, and state. Only usable for uids
-     * belonging to calling user. Result is not aggregated over time. This means buckets' start and
-     * end timestamps are going to be between 'startTime' and 'endTime' parameters. The uid is going
-     * to be the same as the 'uid' parameter, the tag the same as the 'tag' parameter, and the state
-     * the same as the 'state' parameter.
+     * Query network usage statistics details for a given uid, tag, and state.
+     *
+     * Only usable for uids belonging to calling user. Result is not aggregated over time.
+     * This means buckets' start and end timestamps are going to be between 'startTime' and
+     * 'endTime' parameters. The uid is going to be the same as the 'uid' parameter, the tag
+     * the same as the 'tag' parameter, and the state the same as the 'state' parameter.
      * defaultNetwork is going to be {@link NetworkStats.Bucket#DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL},
      * metered is going to be {@link NetworkStats.Bucket#METERED_ALL}, and
      * roaming is going to be {@link NetworkStats.Bucket#ROAMING_ALL}.
@@ -572,11 +614,12 @@
      *            across all the tags.
      * @param state state of interest. Use {@link NetworkStats.Bucket#STATE_ALL} to aggregate
      *            traffic from all states.
-     * @return Statistics object or null if an error happened during statistics collection.
+     * @return Statistics which is described above.
      * @throws SecurityException if permissions are insufficient to read network statistics.
      */
+    @NonNull
     @WorkerThread
-    public NetworkStats queryDetailsForUidTagState(int networkType, String subscriberId,
+    public NetworkStats queryDetailsForUidTagState(int networkType, @Nullable String subscriberId,
             long startTime, long endTime, int uid, int tag, int state) throws SecurityException {
         NetworkTemplate template;
         template = createTemplate(networkType, subscriberId);
@@ -669,7 +712,7 @@
      *         statistics collection.
      */
     @WorkerThread
-    public NetworkStats queryDetails(int networkType, String subscriberId, long startTime,
+    public NetworkStats queryDetails(int networkType, @Nullable String subscriberId, long startTime,
             long endTime) throws SecurityException, RemoteException {
         NetworkTemplate template;
         try {
@@ -698,7 +741,7 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
-    @SystemApi
+    @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
     @RequiresPermission(anyOf = {
             NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK,
             android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK})
@@ -724,7 +767,7 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
-    @SystemApi
+    @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
     @RequiresPermission(anyOf = {
             NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK,
             android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK})
@@ -785,10 +828,28 @@
     /**
      * Registers to receive notifications about data usage on specified networks.
      *
-     * @see #registerUsageCallback(int, String, long, UsageCallback, Handler)
+     * <p>The callbacks will continue to be called as long as the process is live or
+     * {@link #unregisterUsageCallback} is called.
+     *
+     * @param networkType Type of network to monitor. Either
+    {@link ConnectivityManager#TYPE_MOBILE} or {@link ConnectivityManager#TYPE_WIFI}.
+     * @param subscriberId If applicable, the subscriber id of the network interface.
+     *                     <p>Starting with API level 29, the {@code subscriberId} is guarded by
+     *                     additional restrictions. Calling apps that do not meet the new
+     *                     requirements to access the {@code subscriberId} can provide a {@code
+     *                     null} value when registering for the mobile network type to receive
+     *                     notifications for all mobile networks. For additional details see {@link
+     *                     TelephonyManager#getSubscriberId()}.
+     *                     <p>Starting with API level 31, calling apps can provide a
+     *                     {@code subscriberId} with wifi network type to receive usage for
+     *                     wifi networks which is under the given subscription if applicable.
+     *                     Otherwise, pass {@code null} when querying all wifi networks.
+     * @param thresholdBytes Threshold in bytes to be notified on.
+     * @param callback The {@link UsageCallback} that the system will call when data usage
+     *            has exceeded the specified threshold.
      */
-    public void registerUsageCallback(int networkType, String subscriberId, long thresholdBytes,
-            UsageCallback callback) {
+    public void registerUsageCallback(int networkType, @Nullable String subscriberId,
+            long thresholdBytes, @NonNull UsageCallback callback) {
         registerUsageCallback(networkType, subscriberId, thresholdBytes, callback,
                 null /* handler */);
     }
@@ -818,8 +879,8 @@
      * @param handler to dispatch callback events through, otherwise if {@code null} it uses
      *            the calling thread.
      */
-    public void registerUsageCallback(int networkType, String subscriberId, long thresholdBytes,
-            UsageCallback callback, @Nullable Handler handler) {
+    public void registerUsageCallback(int networkType, @Nullable String subscriberId,
+            long thresholdBytes, @NonNull UsageCallback callback, @Nullable Handler handler) {
         NetworkTemplate template = createTemplate(networkType, subscriberId);
         if (DBG) {
             Log.d(TAG, "registerUsageCallback called with: {"
@@ -839,7 +900,7 @@
      *
      * @param callback The {@link UsageCallback} used when registering.
      */
-    public void unregisterUsageCallback(UsageCallback callback) {
+    public void unregisterUsageCallback(@NonNull UsageCallback callback) {
         if (callback == null || callback.request == null
                 || callback.request.requestId == DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid UsageCallback");
@@ -880,7 +941,7 @@
         /**
          * Called when data usage has reached the given threshold.
          */
-        public abstract void onThresholdReached(int networkType, String subscriberId);
+        public abstract void onThresholdReached(int networkType, @Nullable String subscriberId);
 
         /**
          * @hide used for internal bookkeeping
@@ -924,7 +985,7 @@
     @RequiresPermission(anyOf = {
             android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STATS_PROVIDER,
             NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK})
-    @NonNull public void registerNetworkStatsProvider(
+    public void registerNetworkStatsProvider(
             @NonNull String tag,
             @NonNull NetworkStatsProvider provider) {
         try {
@@ -950,7 +1011,7 @@
     @RequiresPermission(anyOf = {
             android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STATS_PROVIDER,
             NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK})
-    @NonNull public void unregisterNetworkStatsProvider(@NonNull NetworkStatsProvider provider) {
+    public void unregisterNetworkStatsProvider(@NonNull NetworkStatsProvider provider) {
         try {
             provider.getProviderCallbackBinderOrThrow().unregister();
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
@@ -958,19 +1019,22 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private static NetworkTemplate createTemplate(int networkType, String subscriberId) {
+    private static NetworkTemplate createTemplate(int networkType, @Nullable String subscriberId) {
         final NetworkTemplate template;
         switch (networkType) {
             case ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE:
                 template = subscriberId == null
-                        ? NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateMobileWildcard()
-                        : NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateMobileAll(subscriberId);
+                        ? new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build()
+                        : new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES)
+                                .setSubscriberIds(Set.of(subscriberId)).build();
                 break;
             case ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI:
                 template = TextUtils.isEmpty(subscriberId)
-                        ? NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateWifiWildcard()
-                        : NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateWifi(NetworkTemplate.WIFI_NETWORKID_ALL,
-                                subscriberId);
+                        ? new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).build()
+                        : new  NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI)
+                                .setSubscriberIds(Set.of(subscriberId)).build();
                 break;
             default:
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot create template for network type "
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/DataUsageRequest.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/DataUsageRequest.java
index b06d515..f0ff465 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/DataUsageRequest.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/DataUsageRequest.java
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
                 @Override
                 public DataUsageRequest createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
                     int requestId = in.readInt();
-                    NetworkTemplate template = in.readParcelable(null);
+                    NetworkTemplate template = in.readParcelable(null, android.net.NetworkTemplate.class);
                     long thresholdInBytes = in.readLong();
                     DataUsageRequest result = new DataUsageRequest(requestId, template,
                             thresholdInBytes);
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/EthernetManager.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/EthernetManager.java
index 2b76dd9..b8070f0 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/EthernetManager.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/EthernetManager.java
@@ -22,23 +22,21 @@
 import android.annotation.IntDef;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
-import android.annotation.RequiresFeature;
 import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
 import android.annotation.SystemApi;
 import android.annotation.SystemService;
 import android.compat.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.content.Context;
-import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.OutcomeReceiver;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.util.ArrayMap;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
 import com.android.modules.utils.BackgroundThread;
 
 import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
 import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
@@ -56,37 +54,12 @@
 
     private final IEthernetManager mService;
     @GuardedBy("mListenerLock")
-    private final ArrayList<ListenerInfo<InterfaceStateListener>> mIfaceListeners =
-            new ArrayList<>();
+    private final ArrayMap<InterfaceStateListener, IEthernetServiceListener>
+            mIfaceServiceListeners = new ArrayMap<>();
     @GuardedBy("mListenerLock")
-    private final ArrayList<ListenerInfo<IntConsumer>> mEthernetStateListeners =
-            new ArrayList<>();
+    private final ArrayMap<IntConsumer, IEthernetServiceListener> mStateServiceListeners =
+            new ArrayMap<>();
     final Object mListenerLock = new Object();
-    private final IEthernetServiceListener.Stub mServiceListener =
-            new IEthernetServiceListener.Stub() {
-                @Override
-                public void onEthernetStateChanged(int state) {
-                    synchronized (mListenerLock) {
-                        for (ListenerInfo<IntConsumer> li : mEthernetStateListeners) {
-                            li.executor.execute(() -> {
-                                li.listener.accept(state);
-                            });
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                @Override
-                public void onInterfaceStateChanged(String iface, int state, int role,
-                        IpConfiguration configuration) {
-                    synchronized (mListenerLock) {
-                        for (ListenerInfo<InterfaceStateListener> li : mIfaceListeners) {
-                            li.executor.execute(() ->
-                                    li.listener.onInterfaceStateChanged(iface, state, role,
-                                            configuration));
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            };
 
     /**
      * Indicates that Ethernet is disabled.
@@ -104,18 +77,6 @@
     @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
     public static final int ETHERNET_STATE_ENABLED  = 1;
 
-    private static class ListenerInfo<T> {
-        @NonNull
-        public final Executor executor;
-        @NonNull
-        public final T listener;
-
-        private ListenerInfo(@NonNull Executor executor, @NonNull T listener) {
-            this.executor = executor;
-            this.listener = listener;
-        }
-    }
-
     /**
      * The interface is absent.
      * @hide
@@ -323,18 +284,28 @@
         if (listener == null || executor == null) {
             throw new NullPointerException("listener and executor must not be null");
         }
+
+        final IEthernetServiceListener.Stub serviceListener = new IEthernetServiceListener.Stub() {
+            @Override
+            public void onEthernetStateChanged(int state) {}
+
+            @Override
+            public void onInterfaceStateChanged(String iface, int state, int role,
+                    IpConfiguration configuration) {
+                executor.execute(() ->
+                        listener.onInterfaceStateChanged(iface, state, role, configuration));
+            }
+        };
         synchronized (mListenerLock) {
-            maybeAddServiceListener();
-            mIfaceListeners.add(new ListenerInfo<InterfaceStateListener>(executor, listener));
+            addServiceListener(serviceListener);
+            mIfaceServiceListeners.put(listener, serviceListener);
         }
     }
 
     @GuardedBy("mListenerLock")
-    private void maybeAddServiceListener() {
-        if (!mIfaceListeners.isEmpty() || !mEthernetStateListeners.isEmpty()) return;
-
+    private void addServiceListener(@NonNull final IEthernetServiceListener listener) {
         try {
-            mService.addListener(mServiceListener);
+            mService.addListener(listener);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -364,17 +335,16 @@
     public void removeInterfaceStateListener(@NonNull InterfaceStateListener listener) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(listener);
         synchronized (mListenerLock) {
-            mIfaceListeners.removeIf(l -> l.listener == listener);
-            maybeRemoveServiceListener();
+            maybeRemoveServiceListener(mIfaceServiceListeners.remove(listener));
         }
     }
 
     @GuardedBy("mListenerLock")
-    private void maybeRemoveServiceListener() {
-        if (!mIfaceListeners.isEmpty() || !mEthernetStateListeners.isEmpty()) return;
+    private void maybeRemoveServiceListener(@Nullable final IEthernetServiceListener listener) {
+        if (listener == null) return;
 
         try {
-            mService.removeListener(mServiceListener);
+            mService.removeListener(listener);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -601,7 +571,6 @@
             NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK,
             android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
             android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_ETHERNET_NETWORKS})
-    @RequiresFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_AUTOMOTIVE)
     public void enableInterface(
             @NonNull String iface,
             @Nullable @CallbackExecutor Executor executor,
@@ -610,7 +579,7 @@
         final NetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver proxy = makeNetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver(
                 executor, callback);
         try {
-            mService.connectNetwork(iface, proxy);
+            mService.enableInterface(iface, proxy);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -638,7 +607,6 @@
             NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK,
             android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
             android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_ETHERNET_NETWORKS})
-    @RequiresFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_AUTOMOTIVE)
     public void disableInterface(
             @NonNull String iface,
             @Nullable @CallbackExecutor Executor executor,
@@ -647,7 +615,7 @@
         final NetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver proxy = makeNetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver(
                 executor, callback);
         try {
-            mService.disconnectNetwork(iface, proxy);
+            mService.disableInterface(iface, proxy);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -687,9 +655,19 @@
             @NonNull IntConsumer listener) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(executor);
         Objects.requireNonNull(listener);
+        final IEthernetServiceListener.Stub serviceListener = new IEthernetServiceListener.Stub() {
+            @Override
+            public void onEthernetStateChanged(int state) {
+                executor.execute(() -> listener.accept(state));
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onInterfaceStateChanged(String iface, int state, int role,
+                    IpConfiguration configuration) {}
+        };
         synchronized (mListenerLock) {
-            maybeAddServiceListener();
-            mEthernetStateListeners.add(new ListenerInfo<IntConsumer>(executor, listener));
+            addServiceListener(serviceListener);
+            mStateServiceListeners.put(listener, serviceListener);
         }
     }
 
@@ -705,8 +683,7 @@
     public void removeEthernetStateListener(@NonNull IntConsumer listener) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(listener);
         synchronized (mListenerLock) {
-            mEthernetStateListeners.removeIf(l -> l.listener == listener);
-            maybeRemoveServiceListener();
+            maybeRemoveServiceListener(mStateServiceListeners.remove(listener));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/IEthernetManager.aidl b/framework-t/src/android/net/IEthernetManager.aidl
index 42e4c1a..c1efc29 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/IEthernetManager.aidl
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/IEthernetManager.aidl
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@
     void releaseTetheredInterface(in ITetheredInterfaceCallback callback);
     void updateConfiguration(String iface, in EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest request,
         in INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener);
-    void connectNetwork(String iface, in INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener);
-    void disconnectNetwork(String iface, in INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener);
+    void enableInterface(String iface, in INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener);
+    void disableInterface(String iface, in INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener);
     void setEthernetEnabled(boolean enabled);
     List<String> getInterfaceList();
 }
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecConfig.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecConfig.java
index 575c5ed..03bb187 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecConfig.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecConfig.java
@@ -267,14 +267,14 @@
         mMode = in.readInt();
         mSourceAddress = in.readString();
         mDestinationAddress = in.readString();
-        mNetwork = (Network) in.readParcelable(Network.class.getClassLoader());
+        mNetwork = (Network) in.readParcelable(Network.class.getClassLoader(), android.net.Network.class);
         mSpiResourceId = in.readInt();
         mEncryption =
-                (IpSecAlgorithm) in.readParcelable(IpSecAlgorithm.class.getClassLoader());
+                (IpSecAlgorithm) in.readParcelable(IpSecAlgorithm.class.getClassLoader(), android.net.IpSecAlgorithm.class);
         mAuthentication =
-                (IpSecAlgorithm) in.readParcelable(IpSecAlgorithm.class.getClassLoader());
+                (IpSecAlgorithm) in.readParcelable(IpSecAlgorithm.class.getClassLoader(), android.net.IpSecAlgorithm.class);
         mAuthenticatedEncryption =
-                (IpSecAlgorithm) in.readParcelable(IpSecAlgorithm.class.getClassLoader());
+                (IpSecAlgorithm) in.readParcelable(IpSecAlgorithm.class.getClassLoader(), android.net.IpSecAlgorithm.class);
         mEncapType = in.readInt();
         mEncapSocketResourceId = in.readInt();
         mEncapRemotePort = in.readInt();
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecManager.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecManager.java
index 9cb0947..9cceac2 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecManager.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecManager.java
@@ -817,10 +817,10 @@
          * </ol>
          *
          * @param underlyingNetwork the new {@link Network} that will carry traffic for this tunnel.
-         *     This network MUST never be the network exposing this IpSecTunnelInterface, otherwise
-         *     this method will throw an {@link IllegalArgumentException}. If the
-         *     IpSecTunnelInterface is later added to this network, all outbound traffic will be
-         *     blackholed.
+         *     This network MUST be a functional {@link Network} with valid {@link LinkProperties},
+         *     and MUST never be the network exposing this IpSecTunnelInterface, otherwise this
+         *     method will throw an {@link IllegalArgumentException}. If the IpSecTunnelInterface is
+         *     later added to this network, all outbound traffic will be blackholed.
          */
         // TODO: b/169171001 Update the documentation when transform migration is supported.
         // The purpose of making updating network and applying transforms separate is to leave open
@@ -962,7 +962,6 @@
      * IP header and IPsec Header on all inbound traffic).
      * <p>Applications should probably not use this API directly.
      *
-     *
      * @param tunnel The {@link IpSecManager#IpSecTunnelInterface} that will use the supplied
      *        transform.
      * @param direction the direction, {@link DIRECTION_OUT} or {@link #DIRECTION_IN} in which
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecUdpEncapResponse.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecUdpEncapResponse.java
index 732cf19..390af82 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecUdpEncapResponse.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/IpSecUdpEncapResponse.java
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
         status = in.readInt();
         resourceId = in.readInt();
         port = in.readInt();
-        fileDescriptor = in.readParcelable(ParcelFileDescriptor.class.getClassLoader());
+        fileDescriptor = in.readParcelable(ParcelFileDescriptor.class.getClassLoader(), android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor.class);
     }
 
     @android.annotation.NonNull
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkIdentity.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkIdentity.java
index da5f88d..350ed86 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkIdentity.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkIdentity.java
@@ -85,6 +85,12 @@
 
     private static final long SUPPORTED_OEM_MANAGED_TYPES = OEM_PAID | OEM_PRIVATE;
 
+    // Need to be synchronized with ConnectivityManager.
+    // TODO: Use {@code ConnectivityManager#*} when visible.
+    static final int TYPE_TEST = 18;
+    private static final int MAX_NETWORK_TYPE = TYPE_TEST;
+    private static final int MIN_NETWORK_TYPE = TYPE_MOBILE;
+
     final int mType;
     final int mRatType;
     final int mSubId;
@@ -346,11 +352,6 @@
      * Builder class for {@link NetworkIdentity}.
      */
     public static final class Builder {
-        // Need to be synchronized with ConnectivityManager.
-        // TODO: Use {@link ConnectivityManager#MAX_NETWORK_TYPE} when this file is in the module.
-        private static final int MAX_NETWORK_TYPE = 18; // TYPE_TEST
-        private static final int MIN_NETWORK_TYPE = TYPE_MOBILE;
-
         private int mType;
         private int mRatType;
         private String mSubscriberId;
@@ -413,6 +414,12 @@
                     final WifiInfo info = (WifiInfo) transportInfo;
                     setWifiNetworkKey(info.getNetworkKey());
                 }
+            } else if (mType == TYPE_TEST) {
+                final NetworkSpecifier ns = snapshot.getNetworkCapabilities().getNetworkSpecifier();
+                if (ns instanceof TestNetworkSpecifier) {
+                    // Reuse the wifi network key field to identify individual test networks.
+                    setWifiNetworkKey(((TestNetworkSpecifier) ns).getInterfaceName());
+                }
             }
             return this;
         }
@@ -574,7 +581,7 @@
             }
 
             // Assert non-wifi network cannot have a wifi network key.
-            if (mType != TYPE_WIFI && mWifiNetworkKey != null) {
+            if (mType != TYPE_WIFI && mType != TYPE_TEST && mWifiNetworkKey != null) {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid wifi network key for type " + mType);
             }
         }
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkIdentitySet.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkIdentitySet.java
index ad3a958..d88408e 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkIdentitySet.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkIdentitySet.java
@@ -206,6 +206,7 @@
     public static int compare(@NonNull NetworkIdentitySet left, @NonNull NetworkIdentitySet right) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(left);
         Objects.requireNonNull(right);
+        if (left.isEmpty() && right.isEmpty()) return 0;
         if (left.isEmpty()) return -1;
         if (right.isEmpty()) return 1;
 
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStateSnapshot.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStateSnapshot.java
index d3f785a..c018e91 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStateSnapshot.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStateSnapshot.java
@@ -75,9 +75,9 @@
 
     /** @hide */
     public NetworkStateSnapshot(@NonNull Parcel in) {
-        mNetwork = in.readParcelable(null);
-        mNetworkCapabilities = in.readParcelable(null);
-        mLinkProperties = in.readParcelable(null);
+        mNetwork = in.readParcelable(null, android.net.Network.class);
+        mNetworkCapabilities = in.readParcelable(null, android.net.NetworkCapabilities.class);
+        mLinkProperties = in.readParcelable(null, android.net.LinkProperties.class);
         mSubscriberId = in.readString();
         mLegacyType = in.readInt();
     }
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStats.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStats.java
index 06f2a62..8719960 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStats.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStats.java
@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@
     public @Nullable static final String[] INTERFACES_ALL = null;
 
     /** {@link #tag} value for total data across all tags. */
-    // TODO: Rename TAG_NONE to TAG_ALL.
     public static final int TAG_NONE = 0;
 
     /** {@link #metered} value to account for all metered states. */
@@ -303,20 +302,8 @@
         /** @hide */
         @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.R, trackingBug = 170729553)
         public Entry() {
-            this(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
-        }
-
-        /** @hide */
-        public Entry(long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes, long txPackets, long operations) {
-            this(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets,
-                    operations);
-        }
-
-        /** @hide */
-        public Entry(String iface, int uid, int set, int tag, long rxBytes, long rxPackets,
-                long txBytes, long txPackets, long operations) {
-            this(iface, uid, set, tag, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
-                    rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations);
+            this(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
         }
 
         /**
@@ -412,21 +399,24 @@
         /**
          * @return the metered state.
          */
-        @Meteredness public int getMetered() {
+        @Meteredness
+        public int getMetered() {
             return metered;
         }
 
         /**
          * @return the roaming state.
          */
-        @Roaming public int getRoaming() {
+        @Roaming
+        public int getRoaming() {
             return roaming;
         }
 
         /**
          * @return the default network state.
          */
-        @DefaultNetwork public int getDefaultNetwork() {
+        @DefaultNetwork
+        public int getDefaultNetwork() {
             return defaultNetwork;
         }
 
@@ -605,7 +595,8 @@
     public NetworkStats insertEntry(
             String iface, long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes, long txPackets) {
         return insertEntry(
-                iface, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, 0L);
+                iface, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
+                rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, 0L);
     }
 
     /** @hide */
@@ -613,7 +604,8 @@
     public NetworkStats insertEntry(String iface, int uid, int set, int tag, long rxBytes,
             long rxPackets, long txBytes, long txPackets, long operations) {
         return insertEntry(new Entry(
-                iface, uid, set, tag, rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations));
+                iface, uid, set, tag,  METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
+                rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations));
     }
 
     /** @hide */
@@ -785,7 +777,8 @@
     public NetworkStats combineValues(String iface, int uid, int set, int tag,
             long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes, long txPackets, long operations) {
         return combineValues(new Entry(
-                iface, uid, set, tag, rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations));
+                iface, uid, set, tag, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
+                rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1039,7 +1032,7 @@
      */
     public long getTotalPackets() {
         long total = 0;
-        for (int i = size-1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        for (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
             total += rxPackets[i] + txPackets[i];
         }
         return total;
@@ -1298,6 +1291,17 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Removes the interface name from all entries.
+     * This mutates the original structure in place.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public void clearInterfaces() {
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            iface[i] = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Only keep entries that match all specified filters.
      *
      * <p>This mutates the original structure in place. After this method is called,
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsCollection.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsCollection.java
index e385b33..e23faa4 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsCollection.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsCollection.java
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.UID_ALL;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_BLUETOOTH;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_ETHERNET;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_WIFI;
 import static android.net.TrafficStats.UID_REMOVED;
 import static android.text.format.DateUtils.WEEK_IN_MILLIS;
 
@@ -305,7 +309,8 @@
             // ourselves something to scale with.
             if (entry.rxBytes == 0 || entry.txBytes == 0) {
                 combined.recordData(augmentStart, augmentEnd,
-                        new NetworkStats.Entry(1, 0, 1, 0, 0));
+                        new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L));
                 combined.getValues(augmentStart, augmentEnd, entry);
             }
 
@@ -694,6 +699,26 @@
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Remove histories which contains or is before the cutoff timestamp.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public void removeHistoryBefore(long cutoffMillis) {
+        final ArrayList<Key> knownKeys = new ArrayList<>();
+        knownKeys.addAll(mStats.keySet());
+
+        for (Key key : knownKeys) {
+            final NetworkStatsHistory history = mStats.get(key);
+            if (history.getStart() > cutoffMillis) continue;
+
+            history.removeBucketsStartingBefore(cutoffMillis);
+            if (history.size() == 0) {
+                mStats.remove(key);
+            }
+            mDirty = true;
+        }
+    }
+
     private void noteRecordedHistory(long startMillis, long endMillis, long totalBytes) {
         if (startMillis < mStartMillis) mStartMillis = startMillis;
         if (endMillis > mEndMillis) mEndMillis = endMillis;
@@ -754,10 +779,11 @@
 
     /** @hide */
     public void dumpCheckin(PrintWriter pw, long start, long end) {
-        dumpCheckin(pw, start, end, NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateMobileWildcard(), "cell");
-        dumpCheckin(pw, start, end, NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateWifiWildcard(), "wifi");
-        dumpCheckin(pw, start, end, NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateEthernet(), "eth");
-        dumpCheckin(pw, start, end, NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateBluetooth(), "bt");
+        dumpCheckin(pw, start, end, new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build(), "cell");
+        dumpCheckin(pw, start, end, new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).build(), "wifi");
+        dumpCheckin(pw, start, end, new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_ETHERNET).build(), "eth");
+        dumpCheckin(pw, start, end, new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_BLUETOOTH).build(), "bt");
     }
 
     /**
@@ -776,7 +802,7 @@
             if (!templateMatches(groupTemplate, key.ident)) continue;
             if (key.set >= NetworkStats.SET_DEBUG_START) continue;
 
-            final Key groupKey = new Key(null, key.uid, key.set, key.tag);
+            final Key groupKey = new Key(new NetworkIdentitySet(), key.uid, key.set, key.tag);
             NetworkStatsHistory groupHistory = grouped.get(groupKey);
             if (groupHistory == null) {
                 groupHistory = new NetworkStatsHistory(value.getBucketDuration());
@@ -845,6 +871,9 @@
          * Add association of the history with the specified key in this map.
          *
          * @param key The object used to identify a network, see {@link Key}.
+         *            If history already exists for this key, then the passed-in history is appended
+         *            to the previously-passed in history. The caller must ensure that the history
+         *            passed-in timestamps are greater than all previously-passed-in timestamps.
          * @param history {@link NetworkStatsHistory} instance associated to the given {@link Key}.
          * @return The builder object.
          */
@@ -854,9 +883,21 @@
             Objects.requireNonNull(key);
             Objects.requireNonNull(history);
             final List<Entry> historyEntries = history.getEntries();
+            final NetworkStatsHistory existing = mEntries.get(key);
 
+            final int size = historyEntries.size() + ((existing != null) ? existing.size() : 0);
             final NetworkStatsHistory.Builder historyBuilder =
-                    new NetworkStatsHistory.Builder(mBucketDurationMillis, historyEntries.size());
+                    new NetworkStatsHistory.Builder(mBucketDurationMillis, size);
+
+            // TODO: this simply appends the entries to any entries that were already present in
+            // the builder, which requires the caller to pass in entries in order. We might be
+            // able to do better with something like recordHistory.
+            if (existing != null) {
+                for (Entry entry : existing.getEntries()) {
+                    historyBuilder.addEntry(entry);
+                }
+            }
+
             for (Entry entry : historyEntries) {
                 historyBuilder.addEntry(entry);
             }
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsHistory.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsHistory.java
index 301fef9..c345747 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsHistory.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsHistory.java
@@ -17,7 +17,10 @@
 package android.net;
 
 import static android.annotation.SystemApi.Client.MODULE_LIBRARIES;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.IFACE_ALL;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.UID_ALL;
@@ -32,6 +35,7 @@
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStatsUtils.multiplySafeByRational;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.annotation.SystemApi;
 import android.compat.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.os.Build;
@@ -57,6 +61,7 @@
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
 
 /**
  * Collection of historical network statistics, recorded into equally-sized
@@ -252,6 +257,28 @@
                     + ", operations=" + operations
                     + "}";
         }
+
+        /**
+         * Add the given {@link Entry} with this instance and return a new {@link Entry}
+         * instance as the result.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Entry plus(@NonNull Entry another, long bucketDuration) {
+            if (this.bucketStart != another.bucketStart) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("bucketStart " + this.bucketStart
+                        + " is not equal to " + another.bucketStart);
+            }
+            return new Entry(this.bucketStart,
+                    // Active time should not go over bucket duration.
+                    Math.min(this.activeTime + another.activeTime, bucketDuration),
+                    this.rxBytes + another.rxBytes,
+                    this.rxPackets + another.rxPackets,
+                    this.txBytes + another.txBytes,
+                    this.txPackets + another.txPackets,
+                    this.operations + another.operations);
+        }
     }
 
     /** @hide */
@@ -505,7 +532,8 @@
     @Deprecated
     public void recordData(long start, long end, long rxBytes, long txBytes) {
         recordData(start, end, new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, rxBytes, 0L, txBytes, 0L, 0L));
+                IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, rxBytes, 0L, txBytes, 0L, 0L));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -587,7 +615,8 @@
      */
     public void recordHistory(NetworkStatsHistory input, long start, long end) {
         final NetworkStats.Entry entry = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
         for (int i = 0; i < input.bucketCount; i++) {
             final long bucketStart = input.bucketStart[i];
             final long bucketEnd = bucketStart + input.bucketDuration;
@@ -680,19 +709,21 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Remove buckets older than requested cutoff.
+     * Remove buckets that start older than requested cutoff.
+     *
+     * This method will remove any bucket that contains any data older than the requested
+     * cutoff, even if that same bucket includes some data from after the cutoff.
+     *
      * @hide
      */
-    public void removeBucketsBefore(long cutoff) {
+    public void removeBucketsStartingBefore(final long cutoff) {
         // TODO: Consider use getIndexBefore.
         int i;
         for (i = 0; i < bucketCount; i++) {
             final long curStart = bucketStart[i];
-            final long curEnd = curStart + bucketDuration;
 
-            // cutoff happens before or during this bucket; everything before
-            // this bucket should be removed.
-            if (curEnd > cutoff) break;
+            // This bucket starts after or at the cutoff, so it should be kept.
+            if (curStart >= cutoff) break;
         }
 
         if (i > 0) {
@@ -828,7 +859,8 @@
         ensureBuckets(start, end);
 
         final NetworkStats.Entry entry = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+                IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
         while (rxBytes > 1024 || rxPackets > 128 || txBytes > 1024 || txPackets > 128
                 || operations > 32) {
             final long curStart = randomLong(r, start, end);
@@ -947,6 +979,25 @@
         return writer.toString();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Same as "equals", but not actually called equals as this would affect public API behavior.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public boolean isSameAs(NetworkStatsHistory other) {
+        return bucketCount == other.bucketCount
+                && Arrays.equals(bucketStart, other.bucketStart)
+                // Don't check activeTime since it can change on import due to the importer using
+                // recordHistory. It's also not exposed by the APIs or present in dumpsys or
+                // toString().
+                && Arrays.equals(rxBytes, other.rxBytes)
+                && Arrays.equals(rxPackets, other.rxPackets)
+                && Arrays.equals(txBytes, other.txBytes)
+                && Arrays.equals(txPackets, other.txPackets)
+                && Arrays.equals(operations, other.operations)
+                && totalBytes == other.totalBytes;
+    }
+
     @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final @android.annotation.NonNull Creator<NetworkStatsHistory> CREATOR = new Creator<NetworkStatsHistory>() {
         @Override
@@ -1087,14 +1138,8 @@
      * Builder class for {@link NetworkStatsHistory}.
      */
     public static final class Builder {
+        private final TreeMap<Long, Entry> mEntries;
         private final long mBucketDuration;
-        private final List<Long> mBucketStart;
-        private final List<Long> mActiveTime;
-        private final List<Long> mRxBytes;
-        private final List<Long> mRxPackets;
-        private final List<Long> mTxBytes;
-        private final List<Long> mTxPackets;
-        private final List<Long> mOperations;
 
         /**
          * Creates a new Builder with given bucket duration and initial capacity to construct
@@ -1105,36 +1150,31 @@
          */
         public Builder(long bucketDuration, int initialCapacity) {
             mBucketDuration = bucketDuration;
-            mBucketStart = new ArrayList<>(initialCapacity);
-            mActiveTime = new ArrayList<>(initialCapacity);
-            mRxBytes = new ArrayList<>(initialCapacity);
-            mRxPackets = new ArrayList<>(initialCapacity);
-            mTxBytes = new ArrayList<>(initialCapacity);
-            mTxPackets = new ArrayList<>(initialCapacity);
-            mOperations = new ArrayList<>(initialCapacity);
+            // Create a collection that is always sorted and can deduplicate items by the timestamp.
+            mEntries = new TreeMap<>();
         }
 
         /**
-         * Add an {@link Entry} into the {@link NetworkStatsHistory} instance.
+         * Add an {@link Entry} into the {@link NetworkStatsHistory} instance. If the timestamp
+         * already exists, the given {@link Entry} will be combined into existing entry.
          *
          * @param entry The target {@link Entry} object.
          * @return The builder object.
          */
         @NonNull
         public Builder addEntry(@NonNull Entry entry) {
-            mBucketStart.add(entry.bucketStart);
-            mActiveTime.add(entry.activeTime);
-            mRxBytes.add(entry.rxBytes);
-            mRxPackets.add(entry.rxPackets);
-            mTxBytes.add(entry.txBytes);
-            mTxPackets.add(entry.txPackets);
-            mOperations.add(entry.operations);
+            final Entry existing = mEntries.get(entry.bucketStart);
+            if (existing != null) {
+                mEntries.put(entry.bucketStart, existing.plus(entry, mBucketDuration));
+            } else {
+                mEntries.put(entry.bucketStart, entry);
+            }
             return this;
         }
 
-        private static long sum(@NonNull List<Long> list) {
-            long sum = 0;
-            for (long entry : list) {
+        private static long sum(@NonNull long[] array) {
+            long sum = 0L;
+            for (long entry : array) {
                 sum += entry;
             }
             return sum;
@@ -1147,16 +1187,30 @@
          */
         @NonNull
         public NetworkStatsHistory build() {
-            return new NetworkStatsHistory(mBucketDuration,
-                    CollectionUtils.toLongArray(mBucketStart),
-                    CollectionUtils.toLongArray(mActiveTime),
-                    CollectionUtils.toLongArray(mRxBytes),
-                    CollectionUtils.toLongArray(mRxPackets),
-                    CollectionUtils.toLongArray(mTxBytes),
-                    CollectionUtils.toLongArray(mTxPackets),
-                    CollectionUtils.toLongArray(mOperations),
-                    mBucketStart.size(),
-                    sum(mRxBytes) + sum(mTxBytes));
+            int size = mEntries.size();
+            final long[] bucketStart = new long[size];
+            final long[] activeTime = new long[size];
+            final long[] rxBytes = new long[size];
+            final long[] rxPackets = new long[size];
+            final long[] txBytes = new long[size];
+            final long[] txPackets = new long[size];
+            final long[] operations = new long[size];
+
+            int i = 0;
+            for (Entry entry : mEntries.values()) {
+                bucketStart[i] = entry.bucketStart;
+                activeTime[i] = entry.activeTime;
+                rxBytes[i] = entry.rxBytes;
+                rxPackets[i] = entry.rxPackets;
+                txBytes[i] = entry.txBytes;
+                txPackets[i] = entry.txPackets;
+                operations[i] = entry.operations;
+                i++;
+            }
+
+            return new NetworkStatsHistory(mBucketDuration, bucketStart, activeTime,
+                    rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations,
+                    size, sum(rxBytes) + sum(txBytes));
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkTemplate.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkTemplate.java
index 7b5afd7..b6bd1a5 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkTemplate.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkTemplate.java
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
 
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkIdentityUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStatsUtils;
@@ -114,6 +115,14 @@
      * may offer non-cellular networks like WiFi, which will be matched by this rule.
      */
     public static final int MATCH_CARRIER = 10;
+    /**
+     * Match rule to match networks with {@link ConnectivityManager#TYPE_TEST} as the legacy
+     * network type.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static final int MATCH_TEST = 11;
 
     // TODO: Remove this and replace all callers with WIFI_NETWORK_KEY_ALL.
     /** @hide */
@@ -176,6 +185,7 @@
             case MATCH_BLUETOOTH:
             case MATCH_PROXY:
             case MATCH_CARRIER:
+            case MATCH_TEST:
                 return true;
 
             default:
@@ -393,8 +403,9 @@
         //constructor passes METERED_YES for these types.
         this(matchRule, subscriberId, matchSubscriberIds,
                 wifiNetworkKey != null ? new String[] { wifiNetworkKey } : new String[0],
-                (matchRule == MATCH_MOBILE || matchRule == MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD) ? METERED_YES
-                : METERED_ALL , ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
+                (matchRule == MATCH_MOBILE || matchRule == MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD
+                        || matchRule == MATCH_CARRIER) ? METERED_YES : METERED_ALL,
+                ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
                 OEM_MANAGED_ALL, NetworkStatsUtils.SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT);
     }
 
@@ -665,6 +676,8 @@
                 return matchesProxy(ident);
             case MATCH_CARRIER:
                 return matchesCarrier(ident);
+            case MATCH_TEST:
+                return matchesTest(ident);
             default:
                 // We have no idea what kind of network template we are, so we
                 // just claim not to match anything.
@@ -775,6 +788,17 @@
                 && CollectionUtils.contains(mMatchSubscriberIds, ident.mSubscriberId);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Check if matches test network. If the wifiNetworkKeys in the template is specified, Then it
+     * will only match a network containing any of the specified the wifi network key. Otherwise,
+     * all test networks would be matched.
+     */
+    private boolean matchesTest(NetworkIdentity ident) {
+        return ident.mType == NetworkIdentity.TYPE_TEST
+                && ((CollectionUtils.isEmpty(mMatchWifiNetworkKeys)
+                || CollectionUtils.contains(mMatchWifiNetworkKeys, ident.mWifiNetworkKey)));
+    }
+
     private boolean matchesMobileWildcard(NetworkIdentity ident) {
         if (ident.mType == TYPE_WIMAX) {
             return true;
@@ -828,6 +852,8 @@
                 return "PROXY";
             case MATCH_CARRIER:
                 return "CARRIER";
+            case MATCH_TEST:
+                return "TEST";
             default:
                 return "UNKNOWN(" + matchRule + ")";
         }
@@ -1078,7 +1104,9 @@
         }
 
         private void validateWifiNetworkKeys() {
-            if (mMatchRule != MATCH_WIFI && !mMatchWifiNetworkKeys.isEmpty()) {
+            // Also allow querying test networks which use wifi network key as identifier.
+            if (mMatchRule != MATCH_WIFI && mMatchRule != MATCH_TEST
+                    && !mMatchWifiNetworkKeys.isEmpty()) {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Trying to build non wifi match rule: "
                         + mMatchRule + " with wifi network keys");
             }
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/TrafficStats.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/TrafficStats.java
index bc836d8..dc4ac55 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/TrafficStats.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/TrafficStats.java
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
      *                server context.
      * @hide
      */
-    @SystemApi(client = SystemApi.Client.MODULE_LIBRARIES)
+    @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
     @SuppressLint("VisiblySynchronized")
     public static synchronized void init(@NonNull final Context context) {
         if (sStatsService != null) {
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
-    @SystemApi
+    @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
     public static void setThreadStatsTagDownload() {
         setThreadStatsTag(TAG_SYSTEM_DOWNLOAD);
     }
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
      *
      * @see #setThreadStatsTag(int)
      */
-    public static void tagSocket(Socket socket) throws SocketException {
+    public static void tagSocket(@NonNull Socket socket) throws SocketException {
         SocketTagger.get().tag(socket);
     }
 
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@
      * calling {@code untagSocket()} before sending the socket to another
      * process.
      */
-    public static void untagSocket(Socket socket) throws SocketException {
+    public static void untagSocket(@NonNull Socket socket) throws SocketException {
         SocketTagger.get().untag(socket);
     }
 
@@ -496,14 +496,14 @@
      *
      * @see #setThreadStatsTag(int)
      */
-    public static void tagDatagramSocket(DatagramSocket socket) throws SocketException {
+    public static void tagDatagramSocket(@NonNull DatagramSocket socket) throws SocketException {
         SocketTagger.get().tag(socket);
     }
 
     /**
      * Remove any statistics parameters from the given {@link DatagramSocket}.
      */
-    public static void untagDatagramSocket(DatagramSocket socket) throws SocketException {
+    public static void untagDatagramSocket(@NonNull DatagramSocket socket) throws SocketException {
         SocketTagger.get().untag(socket);
     }
 
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@
      *
      * @see #setThreadStatsTag(int)
      */
-    public static void tagFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor fd) throws IOException {
+    public static void tagFileDescriptor(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd) throws IOException {
         SocketTagger.get().tag(fd);
     }
 
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@
      * Remove any statistics parameters from the given {@link FileDescriptor}
      * socket.
      */
-    public static void untagFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor fd) throws IOException {
+    public static void untagFileDescriptor(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd) throws IOException {
         SocketTagger.get().untag(fd);
     }
 
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/UnderlyingNetworkInfo.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/UnderlyingNetworkInfo.java
index 33f9375..7ab53b1 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/UnderlyingNetworkInfo.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/UnderlyingNetworkInfo.java
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
         mOwnerUid = in.readInt();
         mIface = in.readString();
         List<String> underlyingIfaces = new ArrayList<>();
-        in.readList(underlyingIfaces, null /*classLoader*/);
+        in.readList(underlyingIfaces, null /*classLoader*/, java.lang.String.class);
         mUnderlyingIfaces = Collections.unmodifiableList(underlyingIfaces);
     }
 
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/netstats/provider/NetworkStatsProvider.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/netstats/provider/NetworkStatsProvider.java
index d37a53d..66d99a1 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/netstats/provider/NetworkStatsProvider.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/netstats/provider/NetworkStatsProvider.java
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
      *
      * @param token the token under which these stats were gathered. Providers can call this method
      *              with the current token as often as they want, until the token changes.
-     *              {@see NetworkStatsProvider#onRequestStatsUpdate()}
+     *              See {@link NetworkStatsProvider#onRequestStatsUpdate(int)}
      * @param ifaceStats the {@link NetworkStats} per interface to be reported.
      *                   The provider should not include any traffic that is already counted by
      *                   kernel interface counters.
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
index 33b44c8..fb3b1d6 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
  * http://www.iana.org/form/ports-service. Existing services can be found at
  * http://www.iana.org/assignments/service-names-port-numbers/service-names-port-numbers.xml
  *
- * {@see NsdServiceInfo}
+ * @see NsdServiceInfo
  */
 @SystemService(Context.NSD_SERVICE)
 public final class NsdManager {
@@ -139,17 +139,21 @@
      * The platform will only keep the daemon running as long as there are
      * any legacy apps connected.
      *
-     * After Android 12, directly communicate with native daemon might not
-     * work since the native damon won't always stay alive.
-     * Use the NSD APIs from NsdManager as the replacement is recommended.
-     * An another alternative could be bundling your own mdns solutions instead of
+     * After Android 12, direct communication with the native daemon might not work since the native
+     * daemon won't always stay alive. Using the NSD APIs from NsdManager as the replacement is
+     * recommended.
+     * Another alternative could be bundling your own mdns solutions instead of
      * depending on the system mdns native daemon.
      *
+     * This compatibility change applies to Android 13 and later only. To toggle behavior on
+     * Android 12 and Android 12L, use RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS.
+     *
      * @hide
      */
     @ChangeId
     @EnabledSince(targetSdkVersion = android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
-    public static final long RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS = 191844585L;
+    // This was a platform change ID with value 191844585L before T
+    public static final long RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER = 235355681L;
 
     /**
      * Broadcast intent action to indicate whether network service discovery is
@@ -175,6 +179,7 @@
      *
      * @see #ACTION_NSD_STATE_CHANGED
      */
+    // TODO: Deprecate this since NSD service is never disabled.
     public static final int NSD_STATE_DISABLED = 1;
 
     /**
@@ -230,17 +235,12 @@
     public static final int DAEMON_STARTUP                          = 19;
 
     /** @hide */
-    public static final int ENABLE                                  = 20;
-    /** @hide */
-    public static final int DISABLE                                 = 21;
+    public static final int MDNS_SERVICE_EVENT                      = 20;
 
     /** @hide */
-    public static final int MDNS_SERVICE_EVENT                      = 22;
-
+    public static final int REGISTER_CLIENT                         = 21;
     /** @hide */
-    public static final int REGISTER_CLIENT                         = 23;
-    /** @hide */
-    public static final int UNREGISTER_CLIENT                       = 24;
+    public static final int UNREGISTER_CLIENT                       = 22;
 
     /** Dns based service discovery protocol */
     public static final int PROTOCOL_DNS_SD = 0x0001;
@@ -266,8 +266,6 @@
         EVENT_NAMES.put(RESOLVE_SERVICE_SUCCEEDED, "RESOLVE_SERVICE_SUCCEEDED");
         EVENT_NAMES.put(DAEMON_CLEANUP, "DAEMON_CLEANUP");
         EVENT_NAMES.put(DAEMON_STARTUP, "DAEMON_STARTUP");
-        EVENT_NAMES.put(ENABLE, "ENABLE");
-        EVENT_NAMES.put(DISABLE, "DISABLE");
         EVENT_NAMES.put(MDNS_SERVICE_EVENT, "MDNS_SERVICE_EVENT");
     }
 
@@ -312,9 +310,12 @@
             @Override
             public void onAvailable(@NonNull Network network) {
                 final DelegatingDiscoveryListener wrappedListener = new DelegatingDiscoveryListener(
-                        network, mBaseListener);
+                        network, mBaseListener, mBaseExecutor);
                 mPerNetworkListeners.put(network, wrappedListener);
-                discoverServices(mServiceType, mProtocolType, network, mBaseExecutor,
+                // Run discovery callbacks inline on the service handler thread, which is the
+                // same thread used by this NetworkCallback, but DelegatingDiscoveryListener will
+                // use the base executor to run the wrapped callbacks.
+                discoverServices(mServiceType, mProtocolType, network, Runnable::run,
                         wrappedListener);
             }
 
@@ -334,7 +335,8 @@
         public void start(@NonNull NetworkRequest request) {
             final ConnectivityManager cm = mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
             cm.registerNetworkCallback(request, mNetworkCb, mHandler);
-            mHandler.post(() -> mBaseListener.onDiscoveryStarted(mServiceType));
+            mHandler.post(() -> mBaseExecutor.execute(() ->
+                    mBaseListener.onDiscoveryStarted(mServiceType)));
         }
 
         /**
@@ -351,7 +353,7 @@
                 final ConnectivityManager cm = mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
                 cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(mNetworkCb);
                 if (mPerNetworkListeners.size() == 0) {
-                    mBaseListener.onDiscoveryStopped(mServiceType);
+                    mBaseExecutor.execute(() -> mBaseListener.onDiscoveryStopped(mServiceType));
                     return;
                 }
                 for (int i = 0; i < mPerNetworkListeners.size(); i++) {
@@ -399,14 +401,23 @@
             }
         }
 
+        /**
+         * A listener wrapping calls to an app-provided listener, while keeping track of found
+         * services, so they can all be reported lost when the underlying network is lost.
+         *
+         * This should be registered to run on the service handler.
+         */
         private class DelegatingDiscoveryListener implements DiscoveryListener {
             private final Network mNetwork;
             private final DiscoveryListener mWrapped;
+            private final Executor mWrappedExecutor;
             private final ArraySet<TrackedNsdInfo> mFoundInfo = new ArraySet<>();
 
-            private DelegatingDiscoveryListener(Network network, DiscoveryListener listener) {
+            private DelegatingDiscoveryListener(Network network, DiscoveryListener listener,
+                    Executor executor) {
                 mNetwork = network;
                 mWrapped = listener;
+                mWrappedExecutor = executor;
             }
 
             void notifyAllServicesLost() {
@@ -415,7 +426,7 @@
                     final NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo = new NsdServiceInfo(
                             trackedInfo.mServiceName, trackedInfo.mServiceType);
                     serviceInfo.setNetwork(mNetwork);
-                    mWrapped.onServiceLost(serviceInfo);
+                    mWrappedExecutor.execute(() -> mWrapped.onServiceLost(serviceInfo));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -444,7 +455,7 @@
                     // Do not report onStopDiscoveryFailed when some underlying listeners failed:
                     // this does not mean that all listeners did, and onStopDiscoveryFailed is not
                     // actionable anyway. Just report that discovery stopped.
-                    mWrapped.onDiscoveryStopped(serviceType);
+                    mWrappedExecutor.execute(() -> mWrapped.onDiscoveryStopped(serviceType));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -452,20 +463,20 @@
             public void onDiscoveryStopped(String serviceType) {
                 mPerNetworkListeners.remove(mNetwork);
                 if (mStopRequested && mPerNetworkListeners.size() == 0) {
-                    mWrapped.onDiscoveryStopped(serviceType);
+                    mWrappedExecutor.execute(() -> mWrapped.onDiscoveryStopped(serviceType));
                 }
             }
 
             @Override
             public void onServiceFound(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo) {
                 mFoundInfo.add(new TrackedNsdInfo(serviceInfo));
-                mWrapped.onServiceFound(serviceInfo);
+                mWrappedExecutor.execute(() -> mWrapped.onServiceFound(serviceInfo));
             }
 
             @Override
             public void onServiceLost(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo) {
                 mFoundInfo.remove(new TrackedNsdInfo(serviceInfo));
-                mWrapped.onServiceLost(serviceInfo);
+                mWrappedExecutor.execute(() -> mWrapped.onServiceLost(serviceInfo));
             }
         }
     }
@@ -493,7 +504,7 @@
 
         // Only proactively start the daemon if the target SDK < S, otherwise the internal service
         // would automatically start/stop the native daemon as needed.
-        if (!CompatChanges.isChangeEnabled(RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)) {
+        if (!CompatChanges.isChangeEnabled(RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)) {
             try {
                 mService.startDaemon();
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
@@ -648,8 +659,12 @@
 
         @Override
         public void handleMessage(Message message) {
+            // Do not use message in the executor lambdas, as it will be recycled once this method
+            // returns. Keep references to its content instead.
             final int what = message.what;
+            final int errorCode = message.arg1;
             final int key = message.arg2;
+            final Object obj = message.obj;
             final Object listener;
             final NsdServiceInfo ns;
             final Executor executor;
@@ -659,7 +674,7 @@
                 executor = mExecutorMap.get(key);
             }
             if (listener == null) {
-                Log.d(TAG, "Stale key " + message.arg2);
+                Log.d(TAG, "Stale key " + key);
                 return;
             }
             if (DBG) {
@@ -667,28 +682,28 @@
             }
             switch (what) {
                 case DISCOVER_SERVICES_STARTED:
-                    final String s = getNsdServiceInfoType((NsdServiceInfo) message.obj);
+                    final String s = getNsdServiceInfoType((NsdServiceInfo) obj);
                     executor.execute(() -> ((DiscoveryListener) listener).onDiscoveryStarted(s));
                     break;
                 case DISCOVER_SERVICES_FAILED:
                     removeListener(key);
                     executor.execute(() -> ((DiscoveryListener) listener).onStartDiscoveryFailed(
-                            getNsdServiceInfoType(ns), message.arg1));
+                            getNsdServiceInfoType(ns), errorCode));
                     break;
                 case SERVICE_FOUND:
                     executor.execute(() -> ((DiscoveryListener) listener).onServiceFound(
-                            (NsdServiceInfo) message.obj));
+                            (NsdServiceInfo) obj));
                     break;
                 case SERVICE_LOST:
                     executor.execute(() -> ((DiscoveryListener) listener).onServiceLost(
-                            (NsdServiceInfo) message.obj));
+                            (NsdServiceInfo) obj));
                     break;
                 case STOP_DISCOVERY_FAILED:
                     // TODO: failure to stop discovery should be internal and retried internally, as
                     // the effect for the client is indistinguishable from STOP_DISCOVERY_SUCCEEDED
                     removeListener(key);
                     executor.execute(() -> ((DiscoveryListener) listener).onStopDiscoveryFailed(
-                            getNsdServiceInfoType(ns), message.arg1));
+                            getNsdServiceInfoType(ns), errorCode));
                     break;
                 case STOP_DISCOVERY_SUCCEEDED:
                     removeListener(key);
@@ -698,33 +713,33 @@
                 case REGISTER_SERVICE_FAILED:
                     removeListener(key);
                     executor.execute(() -> ((RegistrationListener) listener).onRegistrationFailed(
-                            ns, message.arg1));
+                            ns, errorCode));
                     break;
                 case REGISTER_SERVICE_SUCCEEDED:
                     executor.execute(() -> ((RegistrationListener) listener).onServiceRegistered(
-                            (NsdServiceInfo) message.obj));
+                            (NsdServiceInfo) obj));
                     break;
                 case UNREGISTER_SERVICE_FAILED:
                     removeListener(key);
                     executor.execute(() -> ((RegistrationListener) listener).onUnregistrationFailed(
-                            ns, message.arg1));
+                            ns, errorCode));
                     break;
                 case UNREGISTER_SERVICE_SUCCEEDED:
                     // TODO: do not unregister listener until service is unregistered, or provide
                     // alternative way for unregistering ?
-                    removeListener(message.arg2);
+                    removeListener(key);
                     executor.execute(() -> ((RegistrationListener) listener).onServiceUnregistered(
                             ns));
                     break;
                 case RESOLVE_SERVICE_FAILED:
                     removeListener(key);
                     executor.execute(() -> ((ResolveListener) listener).onResolveFailed(
-                            ns, message.arg1));
+                            ns, errorCode));
                     break;
                 case RESOLVE_SERVICE_SUCCEEDED:
                     removeListener(key);
                     executor.execute(() -> ((ResolveListener) listener).onServiceResolved(
-                            (NsdServiceInfo) message.obj));
+                            (NsdServiceInfo) obj));
                     break;
                 default:
                     Log.d(TAG, "Ignored " + message);
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfo.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfo.java
index 2621594..6438a60 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfo.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfo.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 
 /**
  * A class representing service information for network service discovery
- * {@see NsdManager}
+ * @see NsdManager
  */
 public final class NsdServiceInfo implements Parcelable {
 
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@
     @Nullable
     private Network mNetwork;
 
+    private int mInterfaceIndex;
+
     public NsdServiceInfo() {
     }
 
@@ -312,8 +314,11 @@
     /**
      * Get the network where the service can be found.
      *
-     * This is never null if this {@link NsdServiceInfo} was obtained from
-     * {@link NsdManager#discoverServices} or {@link NsdManager#resolveService}.
+     * This is set if this {@link NsdServiceInfo} was obtained from
+     * {@link NsdManager#discoverServices} or {@link NsdManager#resolveService}, unless the service
+     * was found on a network interface that does not have a {@link Network} (such as a tethering
+     * downstream, where services are advertised from devices connected to this device via
+     * tethering).
      */
     @Nullable
     public Network getNetwork() {
@@ -329,6 +334,26 @@
         mNetwork = network;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Get the index of the network interface where the service was found.
+     *
+     * This is only set when the service was found on an interface that does not have a usable
+     * Network, in which case {@link #getNetwork()} returns null.
+     * @return The interface index as per {@link java.net.NetworkInterface#getIndex}, or 0 if unset.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public int getInterfaceIndex() {
+        return mInterfaceIndex;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the index of the network interface where the service was found.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public void setInterfaceIndex(int interfaceIndex) {
+        mInterfaceIndex = interfaceIndex;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
@@ -375,6 +400,7 @@
         }
 
         dest.writeParcelable(mNetwork, 0);
+        dest.writeInt(mInterfaceIndex);
     }
 
     /** Implement the Parcelable interface */
@@ -405,6 +431,7 @@
                     info.mTxtRecord.put(in.readString(), valueArray);
                 }
                 info.mNetwork = in.readParcelable(null, Network.class);
+                info.mInterfaceIndex = in.readInt();
                 return info;
             }
 
diff --git a/framework/Android.bp b/framework/Android.bp
index d7de439..485961c 100644
--- a/framework/Android.bp
+++ b/framework/Android.bp
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@
         ":framework-connectivity-sources",
         ":net-utils-framework-common-srcs",
         ":framework-connectivity-api-shared-srcs",
-        ":framework-connectivity-javastream-protos",
     ],
     aidl: {
         generate_get_transaction_name: true,
@@ -90,8 +89,10 @@
         "modules-utils-backgroundthread",
         "modules-utils-build",
         "modules-utils-preconditions",
+        "framework-connectivity-javastream-protos",
     ],
     libs: [
+        "androidx.annotation_annotation",
         "app-compat-annotations",
         "framework-connectivity-t.stubs.module_lib",
         "unsupportedappusage",
@@ -111,6 +112,7 @@
         // because the tethering stubs depend on the connectivity stubs (e.g.,
         // TetheringRequest depends on LinkAddress).
         "framework-tethering.stubs.module_lib",
+        "framework-wifi.stubs.module_lib",
     ],
     visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"]
 }
@@ -119,7 +121,7 @@
     name: "framework-connectivity",
     defaults: ["framework-connectivity-defaults"],
     installable: true,
-    jarjar_rules: ":connectivity-jarjar-rules",
+    jarjar_rules: ":framework-connectivity-jarjar-rules",
     permitted_packages: ["android.net"],
     impl_library_visibility: [
         "//packages/modules/Connectivity/Tethering/apex",
@@ -197,28 +199,47 @@
     visibility: ["//frameworks/base"],
 }
 
-gensrcs {
+java_library {
     name: "framework-connectivity-javastream-protos",
-    depfile: true,
+    proto: {
+        type: "stream",
+    },
+    srcs: [":framework-connectivity-protos"],
+    installable: false,
+    sdk_version: "module_current",
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
+    apex_available: [
+        "com.android.tethering",
+    ],
+}
 
+java_genrule {
+    name: "framework-connectivity-jarjar-rules",
+    tool_files: [
+        ":connectivity-hiddenapi-files",
+        ":framework-connectivity-pre-jarjar{.jar}",
+        ":framework-connectivity-t-pre-jarjar{.jar}",
+        ":framework-connectivity.stubs.module_lib{.jar}",
+        ":framework-connectivity-t.stubs.module_lib{.jar}",
+        "jarjar-excludes.txt",
+    ],
     tools: [
-        "aprotoc",
-        "protoc-gen-javastream",
-        "soong_zip",
+        "jarjar-rules-generator",
     ],
-
-    cmd: "mkdir -p $(genDir)/$(in) " +
-        "&& $(location aprotoc) " +
-        "  --plugin=$(location protoc-gen-javastream) " +
-        "  --dependency_out=$(depfile) " +
-        "  --javastream_out=$(genDir)/$(in) " +
-        "  -Iexternal/protobuf/src " +
-        "  -I . " +
-        "  $(in) " +
-        "&& $(location soong_zip) -jar -o $(out) -C $(genDir)/$(in) -D $(genDir)/$(in)",
-
-    srcs: [
-        ":framework-connectivity-protos",
+    out: ["framework_connectivity_jarjar_rules.txt"],
+    cmd: "$(location jarjar-rules-generator) " +
+        "$(location :framework-connectivity-pre-jarjar{.jar}) " +
+        "$(location :framework-connectivity-t-pre-jarjar{.jar}) " +
+        "--prefix android.net.connectivity " +
+        "--apistubs $(location :framework-connectivity.stubs.module_lib{.jar}) " +
+        "--apistubs $(location :framework-connectivity-t.stubs.module_lib{.jar}) " +
+        // Make a ":"-separated list. There will be an extra ":" but empty items are ignored.
+        "--unsupportedapi $$(printf ':%s' $(locations :connectivity-hiddenapi-files)) " +
+        "--excludes $(location jarjar-excludes.txt) " +
+        "--output $(out)",
+    visibility: [
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/framework:__subpackages__",
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/framework-t:__subpackages__",
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/service",
     ],
-    output_extension: "srcjar",
 }
diff --git a/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt b/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
index ddac19d..a2a1ac0 100644
--- a/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
+++ b/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@
     field public static final int BLOCKED_REASON_RESTRICTED_MODE = 8; // 0x8
     field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE = 1; // 0x1
     field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY = 5; // 0x5
+    field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1 = 7; // 0x7
+    field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2 = 8; // 0x8
+    field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3 = 9; // 0x9
     field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE = 3; // 0x3
     field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED = 4; // 0x4
     field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY = 2; // 0x2
@@ -197,6 +200,8 @@
     method public int describeContents();
     method @NonNull public android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor getFileDescriptor();
     method @NonNull public String getInterfaceName();
+    method @Nullable public android.net.MacAddress getMacAddress();
+    method public int getMtu();
     method public void writeToParcel(@NonNull android.os.Parcel, int);
     field @NonNull public static final android.os.Parcelable.Creator<android.net.TestNetworkInterface> CREATOR;
   }
diff --git a/framework/api/system-current.txt b/framework/api/system-current.txt
index db1d7e9..8b35197 100644
--- a/framework/api/system-current.txt
+++ b/framework/api/system-current.txt
@@ -249,10 +249,10 @@
     method public void onValidationStatus(int, @Nullable android.net.Uri);
     method @NonNull public android.net.Network register();
     method public void sendAddDscpPolicy(@NonNull android.net.DscpPolicy);
-    method public final void sendLinkProperties(@NonNull android.net.LinkProperties);
-    method public final void sendNetworkCapabilities(@NonNull android.net.NetworkCapabilities);
-    method public final void sendNetworkScore(@NonNull android.net.NetworkScore);
-    method public final void sendNetworkScore(@IntRange(from=0, to=99) int);
+    method public void sendLinkProperties(@NonNull android.net.LinkProperties);
+    method public void sendNetworkCapabilities(@NonNull android.net.NetworkCapabilities);
+    method public void sendNetworkScore(@NonNull android.net.NetworkScore);
+    method public void sendNetworkScore(@IntRange(from=0, to=99) int);
     method public final void sendQosCallbackError(int, int);
     method public final void sendQosSessionAvailable(int, int, @NonNull android.net.QosSessionAttributes);
     method public final void sendQosSessionLost(int, int, int);
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@
     method @Deprecated public void setLegacySubtype(int, @NonNull String);
     method public void setLingerDuration(@NonNull java.time.Duration);
     method public void setTeardownDelayMillis(@IntRange(from=0, to=0x1388) int);
-    method public final void setUnderlyingNetworks(@Nullable java.util.List<android.net.Network>);
+    method public void setUnderlyingNetworks(@Nullable java.util.List<android.net.Network>);
     method public void unregister();
     method public void unregisterAfterReplacement(@IntRange(from=0, to=0x1388) int);
     field public static final int DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_DELETED = 4; // 0x4
@@ -433,6 +433,7 @@
   public abstract class QosFilter {
     method @NonNull public abstract android.net.Network getNetwork();
     method public abstract boolean matchesLocalAddress(@NonNull java.net.InetAddress, int, int);
+    method public boolean matchesProtocol(int);
     method public abstract boolean matchesRemoteAddress(@NonNull java.net.InetAddress, int, int);
   }
 
@@ -453,6 +454,7 @@
 
   public final class QosSocketInfo implements android.os.Parcelable {
     ctor public QosSocketInfo(@NonNull android.net.Network, @NonNull java.net.Socket) throws java.io.IOException;
+    ctor public QosSocketInfo(@NonNull android.net.Network, @NonNull java.net.DatagramSocket) throws java.io.IOException;
     method public int describeContents();
     method @NonNull public java.net.InetSocketAddress getLocalSocketAddress();
     method @NonNull public android.net.Network getNetwork();
@@ -480,6 +482,14 @@
     ctor public SocketNotBoundException();
   }
 
+  public class SocketNotConnectedException extends java.lang.Exception {
+    ctor public SocketNotConnectedException();
+  }
+
+  public class SocketRemoteAddressChangedException extends java.lang.Exception {
+    ctor public SocketRemoteAddressChangedException();
+  }
+
   public final class StaticIpConfiguration implements android.os.Parcelable {
     ctor public StaticIpConfiguration();
     ctor public StaticIpConfiguration(@Nullable android.net.StaticIpConfiguration);
diff --git a/framework/jarjar-excludes.txt b/framework/jarjar-excludes.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1311765
--- /dev/null
+++ b/framework/jarjar-excludes.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# INetworkStatsProvider / INetworkStatsProviderCallback are referenced from net-tests-utils, which
+# may be used by tests that do not apply connectivity jarjar rules.
+# TODO: move files to a known internal package (like android.net.connectivity.visiblefortesting)
+# so that they do not need jarjar
+android\.net\.netstats\.provider\.INetworkStatsProvider(\$.+)?
+android\.net\.netstats\.provider\.INetworkStatsProviderCallback(\$.+)?
+
+# INetworkAgent / INetworkAgentRegistry are used in NetworkAgentTest
+# TODO: move files to android.net.connectivity.visiblefortesting
+android\.net\.INetworkAgent(\$.+)?
+android\.net\.INetworkAgentRegistry(\$.+)?
+
+# IConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback used in ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest
+# TODO: move files to android.net.connectivity.visiblefortesting
+android\.net\.IConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback(\$.+)?
+
+
+# KeepaliveUtils is used by ConnectivityManager CTS
+# TODO: move into service-connectivity so framework-connectivity stops using
+# ServiceConnectivityResources (callers need high permissions to find/query the resource apk anyway)
+# and have a ConnectivityManager test API instead
+android\.net\.util\.KeepaliveUtils(\$.+)?
+
+# TODO (b/217115866): add jarjar rules for Nearby
+android\.nearby\..+
diff --git a/framework/jni/android_net_NetworkUtils.cpp b/framework/jni/android_net_NetworkUtils.cpp
index 7478b3e..38e0059 100644
--- a/framework/jni/android_net_NetworkUtils.cpp
+++ b/framework/jni/android_net_NetworkUtils.cpp
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
     return static_cast<T>(res);
 }
 
-static void android_net_utils_attachDropAllBPFFilter(JNIEnv *env, jobject clazz, jobject javaFd)
+static void android_net_utils_attachDropAllBPFFilter(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jobject javaFd)
 {
     struct sock_filter filter_code[] = {
         // Reject all.
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-static void android_net_utils_detachBPFFilter(JNIEnv *env, jobject clazz, jobject javaFd)
+static void android_net_utils_detachBPFFilter(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jobject javaFd)
 {
     int optval_ignored = 0;
     int fd = AFileDescriptor_getFd(env, javaFd);
@@ -82,13 +82,13 @@
     }
 }
 
-static jboolean android_net_utils_bindProcessToNetworkHandle(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz,
+static jboolean android_net_utils_bindProcessToNetworkHandle(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz,
         jlong netHandle)
 {
     return (jboolean) !android_setprocnetwork(netHandle);
 }
 
-static jlong android_net_utils_getBoundNetworkHandleForProcess(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz)
+static jlong android_net_utils_getBoundNetworkHandleForProcess(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz)
 {
     net_handle_t network;
     if (android_getprocnetwork(&network) != 0) {
@@ -99,13 +99,13 @@
     return (jlong) network;
 }
 
-static jboolean android_net_utils_bindProcessToNetworkForHostResolution(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz,
+static jboolean android_net_utils_bindProcessToNetworkForHostResolution(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz,
         jint netId, jlong netHandle)
 {
     return (jboolean) !android_setprocdns(netHandle);
 }
 
-static jint android_net_utils_bindSocketToNetworkHandle(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject javaFd,
+static jint android_net_utils_bindSocketToNetworkHandle(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jobject javaFd,
                                                   jlong netHandle) {
     return android_setsocknetwork(netHandle, AFileDescriptor_getFd(env, javaFd));
 }
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-static jobject android_net_utils_resNetworkQuery(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jlong netHandle,
+static jobject android_net_utils_resNetworkQuery(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jlong netHandle,
         jstring dname, jint ns_class, jint ns_type, jint flags) {
     const jsize javaCharsCount = env->GetStringLength(dname);
     const jsize byteCountUTF8 = env->GetStringUTFLength(dname);
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
     return jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd);
 }
 
-static jobject android_net_utils_resNetworkSend(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jlong netHandle,
+static jobject android_net_utils_resNetworkSend(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jlong netHandle,
         jbyteArray msg, jint msgLen, jint flags) {
     uint8_t data[MAXCMDSIZE];
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
     return jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd);
 }
 
-static jobject android_net_utils_resNetworkResult(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject javaFd) {
+static jobject android_net_utils_resNetworkResult(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jobject javaFd) {
     int fd = AFileDescriptor_getFd(env, javaFd);
     int rcode;
     uint8_t buf[MAXPACKETSIZE] = {0};
@@ -181,13 +181,13 @@
     return env->NewObject(class_DnsResponse, ctor, answer, rcode);
 }
 
-static void android_net_utils_resNetworkCancel(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject javaFd) {
+static void android_net_utils_resNetworkCancel(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jobject javaFd) {
     int fd = AFileDescriptor_getFd(env, javaFd);
     android_res_cancel(fd);
     jniSetFileDescriptorOfFD(env, javaFd, -1);
 }
 
-static jobject android_net_utils_getDnsNetwork(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz) {
+static jobject android_net_utils_getDnsNetwork(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz) {
     net_handle_t dnsNetHandle = NETWORK_UNSPECIFIED;
     if (int res = android_getprocdns(&dnsNetHandle) < 0) {
         jniThrowErrnoException(env, "getDnsNetwork", -res);
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@
             static_cast<jlong>(dnsNetHandle));
 }
 
-static jobject android_net_utils_getTcpRepairWindow(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject javaFd) {
+static jobject android_net_utils_getTcpRepairWindow(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jobject javaFd) {
     if (javaFd == NULL) {
         jniThrowNullPointerException(env, NULL);
         return NULL;
@@ -232,7 +232,8 @@
         return NULL;
     }
 
-    jclass class_TcpRepairWindow = env->FindClass("android/net/TcpRepairWindow");
+    jclass class_TcpRepairWindow = env->FindClass(
+        "android/net/connectivity/android/net/TcpRepairWindow");
     jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(class_TcpRepairWindow, "<init>", "(IIIIII)V");
 
     return env->NewObject(class_TcpRepairWindow, ctor, trw.snd_wl1, trw.snd_wnd, trw.max_window,
@@ -253,7 +254,7 @@
     { "bindSocketToNetworkHandle", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;J)I", (void*) android_net_utils_bindSocketToNetworkHandle },
     { "attachDropAllBPFFilter", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V", (void*) android_net_utils_attachDropAllBPFFilter },
     { "detachBPFFilter", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V", (void*) android_net_utils_detachBPFFilter },
-    { "getTcpRepairWindow", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Landroid/net/TcpRepairWindow;", (void*) android_net_utils_getTcpRepairWindow },
+    { "getTcpRepairWindow", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Landroid/net/connectivity/android/net/TcpRepairWindow;", (void*) android_net_utils_getTcpRepairWindow },
     { "resNetworkSend", "(J[BII)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;", (void*) android_net_utils_resNetworkSend },
     { "resNetworkQuery", "(JLjava/lang/String;III)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;", (void*) android_net_utils_resNetworkQuery },
     { "resNetworkResult", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Landroid/net/DnsResolver$DnsResponse;", (void*) android_net_utils_resNetworkResult },
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java b/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
index a174fe3..547b4ba 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@
      *
      * @deprecated Applications should instead use {@link NetworkCapabilities#hasTransport} or
      *         {@link #requestNetwork(NetworkRequest, NetworkCallback)} to request an
-     *         appropriate network. {@see NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
+     *         appropriate network. See {@link NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static final int TYPE_MOBILE      = 0;
@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@
      *
      * @deprecated Applications should instead use {@link NetworkCapabilities#hasTransport} or
      *         {@link #requestNetwork(NetworkRequest, NetworkCallback)} to request an
-     *         appropriate network. {@see NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
+     *         appropriate network. See {@link NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static final int TYPE_WIFI        = 1;
@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@
      *
      * @deprecated Applications should instead use {@link NetworkCapabilities#hasTransport} or
      *         {@link #requestNetwork(NetworkRequest, NetworkCallback)} to request an
-     *         appropriate network. {@see NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
+     *         appropriate network. See {@link NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static final int TYPE_MOBILE_HIPRI = 5;
@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@
      *
      * @deprecated Applications should instead use {@link NetworkCapabilities#hasTransport} or
      *         {@link #requestNetwork(NetworkRequest, NetworkCallback)} to request an
-     *         appropriate network. {@see NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
+     *         appropriate network. See {@link NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static final int TYPE_WIMAX       = 6;
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@
      *
      * @deprecated Applications should instead use {@link NetworkCapabilities#hasTransport} or
      *         {@link #requestNetwork(NetworkRequest, NetworkCallback)} to request an
-     *         appropriate network. {@see NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
+     *         appropriate network. See {@link NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static final int TYPE_BLUETOOTH   = 7;
@@ -654,7 +654,7 @@
      *
      * @deprecated Applications should instead use {@link NetworkCapabilities#hasTransport} or
      *         {@link #requestNetwork(NetworkRequest, NetworkCallback)} to request an
-     *         appropriate network. {@see NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
+     *         appropriate network. See {@link NetworkCapabilities} for supported transports.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static final int TYPE_ETHERNET    = 9;
@@ -982,6 +982,57 @@
     @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
     public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY = 5;
 
+    /**
+     * Firewall chain used for OEM-specific application restrictions.
+     *
+     * Denylist of apps that will not have network access due to OEM-specific restrictions. If an
+     * app UID is placed on this chain, and the chain is enabled, the app's packets will be dropped.
+     *
+     * All the {@code FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_x} chains are equivalent, and each one is
+     * independent of the others. The chains can be enabled and disabled independently, and apps can
+     * be added and removed from each chain independently.
+     *
+     * @see #FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2
+     * @see #FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
+    public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1 = 7;
+
+    /**
+     * Firewall chain used for OEM-specific application restrictions.
+     *
+     * Denylist of apps that will not have network access due to OEM-specific restrictions. If an
+     * app UID is placed on this chain, and the chain is enabled, the app's packets will be dropped.
+     *
+     * All the {@code FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_x} chains are equivalent, and each one is
+     * independent of the others. The chains can be enabled and disabled independently, and apps can
+     * be added and removed from each chain independently.
+     *
+     * @see #FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1
+     * @see #FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
+    public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2 = 8;
+
+    /**
+     * Firewall chain used for OEM-specific application restrictions.
+     *
+     * Denylist of apps that will not have network access due to OEM-specific restrictions. If an
+     * app UID is placed on this chain, and the chain is enabled, the app's packets will be dropped.
+     *
+     * All the {@code FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_x} chains are equivalent, and each one is
+     * independent of the others. The chains can be enabled and disabled independently, and apps can
+     * be added and removed from each chain independently.
+     *
+     * @see #FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1
+     * @see #FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
+    public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3 = 9;
+
     /** @hide */
     @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
     @IntDef(flag = false, prefix = "FIREWALL_CHAIN_", value = {
@@ -989,7 +1040,10 @@
         FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY,
         FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE,
         FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED,
-        FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY
+        FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY,
+        FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1,
+        FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2,
+        FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3
     })
     public @interface FirewallChain {}
     // LINT.ThenChange(packages/modules/Connectivity/service/native/include/Common.h)
@@ -1053,7 +1107,7 @@
     /**
      * Tests if a given integer represents a valid network type.
      * @param networkType the type to be tested
-     * @return a boolean.  {@code true} if the type is valid, else {@code false}
+     * @return {@code true} if the type is valid, else {@code false}
      * @deprecated All APIs accepting a network type are deprecated. There should be no need to
      *             validate a network type.
      */
@@ -1113,6 +1167,8 @@
                 return "PROXY";
             case TYPE_VPN:
                 return "VPN";
+            case TYPE_TEST:
+                return "TEST";
             default:
                 return Integer.toString(type);
         }
@@ -1177,7 +1233,7 @@
 
     /**
      * Preference for {@link ProfileNetworkPreference#setPreference(int)}.
-     * {@see #setProfileNetworkPreferences(UserHandle, List, Executor, Runnable)}
+     * See {@link #setProfileNetworkPreferences(UserHandle, List, Executor, Runnable)}
      * Specify that the traffic for this user should by follow the default rules.
      * @hide
      */
@@ -1186,7 +1242,7 @@
 
     /**
      * Preference for {@link ProfileNetworkPreference#setPreference(int)}.
-     * {@see #setProfileNetworkPreferences(UserHandle, List, Executor, Runnable)}
+     * See {@link #setProfileNetworkPreferences(UserHandle, List, Executor, Runnable)}
      * Specify that the traffic for this user should by default go on a network with
      * {@link NetworkCapabilities#NET_CAPABILITY_ENTERPRISE}, and on the system default network
      * if no such network is available.
@@ -1197,7 +1253,7 @@
 
     /**
      * Preference for {@link ProfileNetworkPreference#setPreference(int)}.
-     * {@see #setProfileNetworkPreferences(UserHandle, List, Executor, Runnable)}
+     * See {@link #setProfileNetworkPreferences(UserHandle, List, Executor, Runnable)}
      * Specify that the traffic for this user should by default go on a network with
      * {@link NetworkCapabilities#NET_CAPABILITY_ENTERPRISE} and if no such network is available
      * should not go on the system default network
@@ -1412,9 +1468,8 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns details about the currently active default data network
-     * for a given uid.  This is for internal use only to avoid spying
-     * other apps.
+     * Returns details about the currently active default data network for a given uid.
+     * This is for privileged use only to avoid spying on other apps.
      *
      * @return a {@link NetworkInfo} object for the current default network
      *        for the given uid or {@code null} if no default network is
@@ -1438,8 +1493,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns connection status information about a particular
-     * network type.
+     * Returns connection status information about a particular network type.
      *
      * @param networkType integer specifying which networkType in
      *        which you're interested.
@@ -1467,8 +1521,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns connection status information about a particular
-     * Network.
+     * Returns connection status information about a particular Network.
      *
      * @param network {@link Network} specifying which network
      *        in which you're interested.
@@ -1494,8 +1547,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns connection status information about all network
-     * types supported by the device.
+     * Returns connection status information about all network types supported by the device.
      *
      * @return an array of {@link NetworkInfo} objects.  Check each
      * {@link NetworkInfo#getType} for which type each applies.
@@ -1555,8 +1607,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns an array of all {@link Network} currently tracked by the
-     * framework.
+     * Returns an array of all {@link Network} currently tracked by the framework.
      *
      * @deprecated This method does not provide any notification of network state changes, forcing
      *             apps to call it repeatedly. This is inefficient and prone to race conditions.
@@ -1759,7 +1810,7 @@
      * that may be relevant for other components trying to detect captive portals.
      *
      * @hide
-     * @deprecated This API returns URL which is not guaranteed to be one of the URLs used by the
+     * @deprecated This API returns a URL which is not guaranteed to be one of the URLs used by the
      *             system.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -2338,8 +2389,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Request that keepalives be started on a TCP socket.
-     * The socket must be established.
+     * Request that keepalives be started on a TCP socket. The socket must be established.
      *
      * @param network The {@link Network} the socket is on.
      * @param socket The socket that needs to be kept alive.
@@ -2589,9 +2639,24 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     public ConnectivityManager(Context context, IConnectivityManager service) {
+        this(context, service, true /* newStatic */);
+    }
+
+    private ConnectivityManager(Context context, IConnectivityManager service, boolean newStatic) {
         mContext = Objects.requireNonNull(context, "missing context");
         mService = Objects.requireNonNull(service, "missing IConnectivityManager");
-        sInstance = this;
+        // sInstance is accessed without a lock, so it may actually be reassigned several times with
+        // different ConnectivityManager, but that's still OK considering its usage.
+        if (sInstance == null && newStatic) {
+            final Context appContext = mContext.getApplicationContext();
+            // Don't create static ConnectivityManager instance again to prevent infinite loop.
+            // If the application context is null, we're either in the system process or
+            // it's the application context very early in app initialization. In both these
+            // cases, the passed-in Context will not be freed, so it's safe to pass it to the
+            // service. http://b/27532714 .
+            sInstance = new ConnectivityManager(appContext != null ? appContext : context, service,
+                    false /* newStatic */);
+        }
     }
 
     /** {@hide} */
@@ -2611,7 +2676,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Check if the package is a allowed to write settings. This also accounts that such an access
+     * Check if the package is allowed to write settings. This also records that such an access
      * happened.
      *
      * @return {@code true} iff the package is allowed to write settings.
@@ -2714,7 +2779,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Attempt to tether the named interface.  This will setup a dhcp server
+     * Attempt to tether the named interface.  This will set up a dhcp server
      * on the interface, forward and NAT IP packets and forward DNS requests
      * to the best active upstream network interface.  Note that if no upstream
      * IP network interface is available, dhcp will still run and traffic will be
@@ -3223,10 +3288,10 @@
 
     /**
      * Get the last value of the entitlement check on this downstream. If the cached value is
-     * {@link #TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR} or showEntitlementUi argument is false, it just return the
-     * cached value. Otherwise, a UI-based entitlement check would be performed. It is not
+     * {@link #TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR} or showEntitlementUi argument is false, this just returns the
+     * cached value. Otherwise, a UI-based entitlement check will be performed. It is not
      * guaranteed that the UI-based entitlement check will complete in any specific time period
-     * and may in fact never complete. Any successful entitlement check the platform performs for
+     * and it may in fact never complete. Any successful entitlement check the platform performs for
      * any reason will update the cached value.
      *
      * @param type the downstream type of tethering. Must be one of
@@ -3341,8 +3406,8 @@
      * proxy is likely to break networking on multiple networks. This method is only meant
      * for device policy clients looking to do general internal filtering or similar use cases.
      *
-     * {@see #getGlobalProxy}
-     * {@see LinkProperties#getHttpProxy}
+     * @see #getGlobalProxy
+     * @see LinkProperties#getHttpProxy
      *
      * @param p A {@link ProxyInfo} object defining the new global HTTP proxy. Calling this
      *          method with a {@code null} value will clear the global HTTP proxy.
@@ -3413,12 +3478,11 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns true if the hardware supports the given network type
-     * else it returns false.  This doesn't indicate we have coverage
-     * or are authorized onto a network, just whether or not the
-     * hardware supports it.  For example a GSM phone without a SIM
-     * should still return {@code true} for mobile data, but a wifi only
-     * tablet would return {@code false}.
+     * Returns whether the hardware supports the given network type.
+     *
+     * This doesn't indicate there is coverage or such a network is available, just whether the
+     * hardware supports it. For example a GSM phone without a SIM card will return {@code true}
+     * for mobile data, but a WiFi only tablet would return {@code false}.
      *
      * @param networkType The network type we'd like to check
      * @return {@code true} if supported, else {@code false}
@@ -4235,7 +4299,7 @@
      * network, unless it becomes the best again at some later time. All callbacks are invoked
      * in order on the same thread, which by default is a thread created by the framework running
      * in the app.
-     * {@see #requestNetwork(NetworkRequest, NetworkCallback, Handler)} to change where the
+     * See {@link #requestNetwork(NetworkRequest, NetworkCallback, Handler)} to change where the
      * callbacks are invoked.
      *
      * <p>This{@link NetworkRequest} will live until released via
@@ -4784,9 +4848,8 @@
      * Unregisters a {@code NetworkCallback} and possibly releases networks originating from
      * {@link #requestNetwork(NetworkRequest, NetworkCallback)} and
      * {@link #registerNetworkCallback(NetworkRequest, NetworkCallback)} calls.
-     * If the given {@code NetworkCallback} had previously been used with
-     * {@code #requestNetwork}, any networks that had been connected to only to satisfy that request
-     * will be disconnected.
+     * If the given {@code NetworkCallback} had previously been used with {@code #requestNetwork},
+     * any networks that the device brought up only to satisfy that request will be disconnected.
      *
      * Notifications that would have triggered that {@code NetworkCallback} will immediately stop
      * triggering it as soon as this call returns.
@@ -4921,7 +4984,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Temporarily allow bad wifi to override {@code config_networkAvoidBadWifi} configuration.
+     * Temporarily allow bad Wi-Fi to override {@code config_networkAvoidBadWifi} configuration.
      *
      * @param timeMs The expired current time. The value should be set within a limited time from
      *               now.
@@ -4980,7 +5043,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Determine whether the device is configured to avoid bad wifi.
+     * Determine whether the device is configured to avoid bad Wi-Fi.
      * @hide
      */
     @SystemApi
@@ -5049,9 +5112,9 @@
      * each such operation.
      *
      * @param network The network on which the application desires to use multipath data.
-     *                If {@code null}, this method will return the a preference that will generally
+     *                If {@code null}, this method will return a preference that will generally
      *                apply to metered networks.
-     * @return a bitwise OR of zero or more of the  {@code MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_*} constants.
+     * @return a bitwise OR of zero or more of the {@code MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_*} constants.
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
     public @MultipathPreference int getMultipathPreference(@Nullable Network network) {
@@ -5164,7 +5227,7 @@
      */
     @Nullable
     public Network getBoundNetworkForProcess() {
-        // Forcing callers to call thru non-static function ensures ConnectivityManager
+        // Forcing callers to call through non-static function ensures ConnectivityManager has been
         // instantiated.
         return getProcessDefaultNetwork();
     }
@@ -5809,7 +5872,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Removes the specified UID from the list of UIds that can use use background data on metered
+     * Removes the specified UID from the list of UIDs that can use background data on metered
      * networks if background data is not restricted. The deny list takes precedence over the
      * allow list.
      *
@@ -5861,6 +5924,7 @@
      *
      * @param chain target chain.
      * @param enable whether the chain should be enabled.
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if called on pre-T devices.
      * @throws IllegalStateException if enabling or disabling the firewall chain failed.
      * @hide
      */
@@ -5879,11 +5943,34 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Get the specified firewall chain's status.
+     *
+     * @param chain target chain.
+     * @return {@code true} if chain is enabled, {@code false} if chain is disabled.
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if called on pre-T devices.
+     * @throws ServiceSpecificException in case of failure, with an error code indicating the
+     *                                  cause of the failure.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(anyOf = {
+            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
+            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
+            NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK
+    })
+    public boolean getFirewallChainEnabled(@FirewallChain final int chain) {
+        try {
+            return mService.getFirewallChainEnabled(chain);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Replaces the contents of the specified UID-based firewall chain.
      *
      * @param chain target chain to replace.
      * @param uids The list of UIDs to be placed into chain.
-     * @throws IllegalStateException if replacing the firewall chain failed.
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if called on pre-T devices.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code chain} is not a valid chain.
      * @hide
      */
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/DnsResolver.java b/framework/src/android/net/DnsResolver.java
index 164160f..c6034f1 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/DnsResolver.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/DnsResolver.java
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
          * @param answer <T> answer to the query.
          * @param rcode The response code in the DNS response.
          *
-         * {@see android.net.DnsResolver#query query()}
+         * @see android.net.DnsResolver#query query()
          */
         void onAnswer(@NonNull T answer, int rcode);
         /**
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
 
         DnsAddressAnswer(@NonNull byte[] data) throws ParseException {
             super(data);
-            if ((mHeader.flags & (1 << 15)) == 0) {
+            if ((mHeader.getFlags() & (1 << 15)) == 0) {
                 throw new ParseException("Not an answer packet");
             }
             if (mHeader.getRecordCount(QDSECTION) == 0) {
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/DnsResolverServiceManager.java b/framework/src/android/net/DnsResolverServiceManager.java
index 79009e8..e64d2ae 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/DnsResolverServiceManager.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/DnsResolverServiceManager.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 
     private final IBinder mResolver;
 
-    DnsResolverServiceManager(IBinder resolver) {
+    public DnsResolverServiceManager(IBinder resolver) {
         mResolver = resolver;
     }
 
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl b/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
index bc73769..29fea00 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
@@ -244,5 +244,7 @@
 
     void setFirewallChainEnabled(int chain, boolean enable);
 
+    boolean getFirewallChainEnabled(int chain);
+
     void replaceFirewallChain(int chain, in int[] uids);
 }
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/ITestNetworkManager.aidl b/framework/src/android/net/ITestNetworkManager.aidl
index 847f14e..9432acb 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/ITestNetworkManager.aidl
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/ITestNetworkManager.aidl
@@ -29,7 +29,11 @@
  */
 interface ITestNetworkManager
 {
-    TestNetworkInterface createInterface(boolean isTun, boolean bringUp, in LinkAddress[] addrs);
+    TestNetworkInterface createInterface(boolean isTun, boolean hasCarrier, boolean bringUp,
+            boolean disableIpv6ProvisioningDelay, in LinkAddress[] addrs,
+            in @nullable String iface);
+
+    void setCarrierEnabled(in TestNetworkInterface iface, boolean enabled);
 
     void setupTestNetwork(in String iface, in LinkProperties lp, in boolean isMetered,
             in int[] administratorUids, in IBinder binder);
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/LinkProperties.java b/framework/src/android/net/LinkProperties.java
index 8782b33..b7ee846 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/LinkProperties.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/LinkProperties.java
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.LinkPropertiesUtils;
 
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
@@ -42,7 +44,6 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.StringJoiner;
-import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 /**
  * Describes the properties of a network link.
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@
      * @hide
      */
     @ChangeId
-    @EnabledAfter(targetSdkVersion = Build.VERSION_CODES.S) // Switch to S_V2 when it is available.
+    @EnabledAfter(targetSdkVersion = Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
     @VisibleForTesting
     public static final long EXCLUDED_ROUTES = 186082280;
 
@@ -759,9 +760,15 @@
      * @return An unmodifiable {@link List} of {@link RouteInfo} for this link.
      */
     public @NonNull List<RouteInfo> getRoutes() {
-        if (CompatChanges.isChangeEnabled(EXCLUDED_ROUTES)) {
+        // Before T, there's no throw routes because VpnService is not updatable, so no need to
+        // filter them out.
+        if (CompatChanges.isChangeEnabled(EXCLUDED_ROUTES) || !SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
             return Collections.unmodifiableList(mRoutes);
         } else {
+            // Apps that added a throw route themselves (not obtaining LinkProperties from the
+            // system) will not see it in getRoutes on T+ if they do not have the compat change
+            // enabled (target SDK < T); but this is expected to be rare and typically only affect
+            // tests creating LinkProperties themselves (like CTS v12, which is only running on S).
             return Collections.unmodifiableList(getUnicastRoutes());
         }
     }
@@ -770,9 +777,7 @@
      * Returns all the {@link RouteInfo} of type {@link RouteInfo#RTN_UNICAST} set on this link.
      */
     private @NonNull List<RouteInfo> getUnicastRoutes() {
-        return mRoutes.stream()
-                .filter(route -> route.getType() == RouteInfo.RTN_UNICAST)
-                .collect(Collectors.toList());
+        return CollectionUtils.filter(mRoutes, route -> route.getType() == RouteInfo.RTN_UNICAST);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1366,6 +1371,21 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Returns true if this link has a throw route.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if there is an exclude route, {@code false} otherwise.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public boolean hasExcludeRoute() {
+        for (RouteInfo r : mRoutes) {
+            if (r.getType() == RouteInfo.RTN_THROW) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Compares this {@code LinkProperties} interface name against the target
      *
      * @param target LinkProperties to compare.
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/NattSocketKeepalive.java b/framework/src/android/net/NattSocketKeepalive.java
index a15d165..56cc923 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/NattSocketKeepalive.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/NattSocketKeepalive.java
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
     @NonNull private final InetAddress mDestination;
     private final int mResourceId;
 
-    NattSocketKeepalive(@NonNull IConnectivityManager service,
+    public NattSocketKeepalive(@NonNull IConnectivityManager service,
             @NonNull Network network,
             @NonNull ParcelFileDescriptor pfd,
             int resourceId,
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    void startImpl(int intervalSec) {
+    protected void startImpl(int intervalSec) {
         mExecutor.execute(() -> {
             try {
                 mService.startNattKeepaliveWithFd(mNetwork, mPfd, mResourceId,
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    void stopImpl() {
+    protected void stopImpl() {
         mExecutor.execute(() -> {
             try {
                 if (mSlot != null) {
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkAgent.java b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkAgent.java
index 29add1c..1486619 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkAgent.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkAgent.java
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
  * the correct packets. Devices typically have a small number of slots
  * per radio technology, and the specific number of slots for each
  * technology is specified in configuration files.
- * {@see SocketKeepalive} for details.
+ * See {@link SocketKeepalive} for details.
  *
  * @hide
  */
@@ -913,7 +913,7 @@
      * Must be called by the agent when the network's {@link LinkProperties} change.
      * @param linkProperties the new LinkProperties.
      */
-    public final void sendLinkProperties(@NonNull LinkProperties linkProperties) {
+    public void sendLinkProperties(@NonNull LinkProperties linkProperties) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(linkProperties);
         final LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties(linkProperties);
         queueOrSendMessage(reg -> reg.sendLinkProperties(lp));
@@ -938,7 +938,7 @@
      * @param underlyingNetworks the new list of underlying networks.
      * @see {@link VpnService.Builder#setUnderlyingNetworks(Network[])}
      */
-    public final void setUnderlyingNetworks(
+    public void setUnderlyingNetworks(
             @SuppressLint("NullableCollection") @Nullable List<Network> underlyingNetworks) {
         final ArrayList<Network> underlyingArray = (underlyingNetworks != null)
                 ? new ArrayList<>(underlyingNetworks) : null;
@@ -1076,18 +1076,19 @@
      */
     @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     public final void sendNetworkInfo(NetworkInfo networkInfo) {
-        queueOrSendNetworkInfo(new NetworkInfo(networkInfo));
+        queueOrSendNetworkInfo(networkInfo);
     }
 
     private void queueOrSendNetworkInfo(NetworkInfo networkInfo) {
-        queueOrSendMessage(reg -> reg.sendNetworkInfo(networkInfo));
+        final NetworkInfo ni = new NetworkInfo(networkInfo);
+        queueOrSendMessage(reg -> reg.sendNetworkInfo(ni));
     }
 
     /**
      * Must be called by the agent when the network's {@link NetworkCapabilities} change.
      * @param networkCapabilities the new NetworkCapabilities.
      */
-    public final void sendNetworkCapabilities(@NonNull NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities) {
+    public void sendNetworkCapabilities(@NonNull NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(networkCapabilities);
         mBandwidthUpdatePending.set(false);
         mLastBwRefreshTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
@@ -1101,7 +1102,7 @@
      *
      * @param score the new score.
      */
-    public final void sendNetworkScore(@NonNull NetworkScore score) {
+    public void sendNetworkScore(@NonNull NetworkScore score) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(score);
         queueOrSendMessage(reg -> reg.sendScore(score));
     }
@@ -1112,7 +1113,7 @@
      * @param score the new score, between 0 and 99.
      * deprecated use sendNetworkScore(NetworkScore) TODO : remove in S.
      */
-    public final void sendNetworkScore(@IntRange(from = 0, to = 99) int score) {
+    public void sendNetworkScore(@IntRange(from = 0, to = 99) int score) {
         sendNetworkScore(new NetworkScore.Builder().setLegacyInt(score).build());
     }
 
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkAgentConfig.java b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkAgentConfig.java
index 0d2b620..da12a0a 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkAgentConfig.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkAgentConfig.java
@@ -188,7 +188,8 @@
      * Set to true if the PRIVATE_DNS_BROKEN notification has shown for this network.
      * Reset this bit when private DNS mode is changed from strict mode to opportunistic/off mode.
      *
-     * This is not parceled, because it would not make sense.
+     * This is not parceled, because it would not make sense. It's also ignored by the
+     * equals() and hashcode() methods.
      *
      * @hide
      */
@@ -252,7 +253,7 @@
 
     /**
      * Whether network validation should be performed for this VPN network.
-     * {@see #isVpnValidationRequired}
+     * @see #isVpnValidationRequired
      * @hide
      */
     private boolean mVpnRequiresValidation = false;
@@ -503,8 +504,10 @@
                 && provisioningNotificationDisabled == that.provisioningNotificationDisabled
                 && skip464xlat == that.skip464xlat
                 && legacyType == that.legacyType
+                && legacySubType == that.legacySubType
                 && Objects.equals(subscriberId, that.subscriberId)
                 && Objects.equals(legacyTypeName, that.legacyTypeName)
+                && Objects.equals(legacySubTypeName, that.legacySubTypeName)
                 && Objects.equals(mLegacyExtraInfo, that.mLegacyExtraInfo)
                 && excludeLocalRouteVpn == that.excludeLocalRouteVpn
                 && mVpnRequiresValidation == that.mVpnRequiresValidation;
@@ -514,8 +517,8 @@
     public int hashCode() {
         return Objects.hash(allowBypass, explicitlySelected, acceptUnvalidated,
                 acceptPartialConnectivity, provisioningNotificationDisabled, subscriberId,
-                skip464xlat, legacyType, legacyTypeName, mLegacyExtraInfo, excludeLocalRouteVpn,
-                mVpnRequiresValidation);
+                skip464xlat, legacyType, legacySubType, legacyTypeName, legacySubTypeName,
+                mLegacyExtraInfo, excludeLocalRouteVpn, mVpnRequiresValidation);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -529,8 +532,10 @@
                 + ", subscriberId = '" + subscriberId + '\''
                 + ", skip464xlat = " + skip464xlat
                 + ", legacyType = " + legacyType
+                + ", legacySubType = " + legacySubType
                 + ", hasShownBroken = " + hasShownBroken
                 + ", legacyTypeName = '" + legacyTypeName + '\''
+                + ", legacySubTypeName = '" + legacySubTypeName + '\''
                 + ", legacyExtraInfo = '" + mLegacyExtraInfo + '\''
                 + ", excludeLocalRouteVpn = '" + excludeLocalRouteVpn + '\''
                 + ", vpnRequiresValidation = '" + mVpnRequiresValidation + '\''
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
index 97b1f32..d0cbbe5 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
@@ -185,14 +185,22 @@
             NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_4,
             NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_5,
     })
-
     public @interface EnterpriseId {
     }
 
+    private static final int ALL_VALID_ENTERPRISE_IDS;
+    static {
+        int enterpriseIds = 0;
+        for (int i = NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1; i <= NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_5; ++i) {
+            enterpriseIds |= 1 << i;
+        }
+        ALL_VALID_ENTERPRISE_IDS = enterpriseIds;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Bitfield representing the network's enterprise capability identifier.  If any are specified
      * they will be satisfied by any Network that matches all of them.
-     * {@see addEnterpriseId} for details on how masks are added
+     * See {@link #addEnterpriseId(int)} for details on how masks are added
      */
     private int mEnterpriseId;
 
@@ -622,6 +630,15 @@
     private static final int MIN_NET_CAPABILITY = NET_CAPABILITY_MMS;
     private static final int MAX_NET_CAPABILITY = NET_CAPABILITY_PRIORITIZE_BANDWIDTH;
 
+    private static final int ALL_VALID_CAPABILITIES;
+    static {
+        int caps = 0;
+        for (int i = MIN_NET_CAPABILITY; i <= MAX_NET_CAPABILITY; ++i) {
+            caps |= 1 << i;
+        }
+        ALL_VALID_CAPABILITIES = caps;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Network capabilities that are expected to be mutable, i.e., can change while a particular
      * network is connected.
@@ -1146,6 +1163,15 @@
     /** @hide */
     public static final int MAX_TRANSPORT = TRANSPORT_USB;
 
+    private static final int ALL_VALID_TRANSPORTS;
+    static {
+        int transports = 0;
+        for (int i = MIN_TRANSPORT; i <= MAX_TRANSPORT; ++i) {
+            transports |= 1 << i;
+        }
+        ALL_VALID_TRANSPORTS = transports;
+    }
+
     /** @hide */
     public static boolean isValidTransport(@Transport int transportType) {
         return (MIN_TRANSPORT <= transportType) && (transportType <= MAX_TRANSPORT);
@@ -1460,7 +1486,7 @@
      * Sets the upstream bandwidth for this network in Kbps.  This always only refers to
      * the estimated first hop transport bandwidth.
      * <p>
-     * {@see Builder#setLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps}
+     * @see Builder#setLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps
      *
      * @param upKbps the estimated first hop upstream (device to network) bandwidth.
      * @hide
@@ -1484,7 +1510,7 @@
      * Sets the downstream bandwidth for this network in Kbps.  This always only refers to
      * the estimated first hop transport bandwidth.
      * <p>
-     * {@see Builder#setLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps}
+     * @see Builder#setLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps
      *
      * @param downKbps the estimated first hop downstream (network to device) bandwidth.
      * @hide
@@ -2114,9 +2140,9 @@
 
     @Override
     public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
-        dest.writeLong(mNetworkCapabilities);
-        dest.writeLong(mForbiddenNetworkCapabilities);
-        dest.writeLong(mTransportTypes);
+        dest.writeLong(mNetworkCapabilities & ALL_VALID_CAPABILITIES);
+        dest.writeLong(mForbiddenNetworkCapabilities & ALL_VALID_CAPABILITIES);
+        dest.writeLong(mTransportTypes & ALL_VALID_TRANSPORTS);
         dest.writeInt(mLinkUpBandwidthKbps);
         dest.writeInt(mLinkDownBandwidthKbps);
         dest.writeParcelable((Parcelable) mNetworkSpecifier, flags);
@@ -2132,7 +2158,7 @@
         dest.writeString(mRequestorPackageName);
         dest.writeIntArray(CollectionUtils.toIntArray(mSubIds));
         dest.writeTypedList(mUnderlyingNetworks);
-        dest.writeInt(mEnterpriseId);
+        dest.writeInt(mEnterpriseId & ALL_VALID_ENTERPRISE_IDS);
     }
 
     public static final @android.annotation.NonNull Creator<NetworkCapabilities> CREATOR =
@@ -2140,10 +2166,10 @@
             @Override
             public NetworkCapabilities createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
                 NetworkCapabilities netCap = new NetworkCapabilities();
-
-                netCap.mNetworkCapabilities = in.readLong();
-                netCap.mForbiddenNetworkCapabilities = in.readLong();
-                netCap.mTransportTypes = in.readLong();
+                // Validate the unparceled data, in case the parceling party was malicious.
+                netCap.mNetworkCapabilities = in.readLong() & ALL_VALID_CAPABILITIES;
+                netCap.mForbiddenNetworkCapabilities = in.readLong() & ALL_VALID_CAPABILITIES;
+                netCap.mTransportTypes = in.readLong() & ALL_VALID_TRANSPORTS;
                 netCap.mLinkUpBandwidthKbps = in.readInt();
                 netCap.mLinkDownBandwidthKbps = in.readInt();
                 netCap.mNetworkSpecifier = in.readParcelable(null);
@@ -2167,7 +2193,7 @@
                     netCap.mSubIds.add(subIdInts[i]);
                 }
                 netCap.setUnderlyingNetworks(in.createTypedArrayList(Network.CREATOR));
-                netCap.mEnterpriseId = in.readInt();
+                netCap.mEnterpriseId = in.readInt() & ALL_VALID_ENTERPRISE_IDS;
                 return netCap;
             }
             @Override
@@ -2534,7 +2560,7 @@
     /**
      * Set the uid and package name of the app causing this network to exist.
      *
-     * {@see #setRequestorUid} and {@link #setRequestorPackageName}
+     * See {@link #setRequestorUid} and {@link #setRequestorPackageName}
      *
      * @param uid UID of the app.
      * @param packageName package name of the app.
@@ -2719,7 +2745,7 @@
         /**
          * Removes the given transport type.
          *
-         * {@see #addTransportType}.
+         * @see #addTransportType
          *
          * @param transportType the transport type to be added or removed.
          * @return this builder
@@ -3043,7 +3069,7 @@
          * <p>
          * This list cannot be null, but it can be empty to mean that no UID without the
          * {@link android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS} permission
-         * gets to access this network.
+         * can access this network.
          *
          * @param uids the list of UIDs that can always access this network
          * @return this builder
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkProvider.java b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkProvider.java
index 0665af5..7edcbae 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkProvider.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkProvider.java
@@ -319,6 +319,11 @@
      * if it could beat any of them, and may be advantageous to the provider's implementation that
      * can rely on no longer receiving callbacks for a network that they can't bring up anyways.
      *
+     * Warning: This method executes asynchronously. The NetworkOfferCallback object can continue
+     * receiving onNetworkNeeded and onNetworkUnneeded callbacks even after this method has
+     * returned. In this case, it is on the caller to take appropriate steps in order to prevent
+     * bringing up a network.
+     *
      * @hide
      */
     @SystemApi
@@ -326,7 +331,9 @@
     public void unregisterNetworkOffer(final @NonNull NetworkOfferCallback callback) {
         final NetworkOfferCallbackProxy proxy = findProxyForCallback(callback);
         if (null == proxy) return;
-        mProxies.remove(proxy);
+        synchronized (mProxies) {
+            mProxies.remove(proxy);
+        }
         mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class).unofferNetwork(proxy);
     }
 }
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkRequest.java b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkRequest.java
index 4f9d845..b7a6076 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkRequest.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkRequest.java
@@ -423,7 +423,6 @@
          *
          * @deprecated Use {@link #setNetworkSpecifier(NetworkSpecifier)} instead.
          */
-        @SuppressLint("NewApi") // TODO: b/193460475 remove once fixed
         @Deprecated
         public Builder setNetworkSpecifier(String networkSpecifier) {
             try {
@@ -440,15 +439,6 @@
                 } else if (mNetworkCapabilities.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_TEST)) {
                     return setNetworkSpecifier(new TestNetworkSpecifier(networkSpecifier));
                 } else {
-                    // TODO: b/193460475 remove comment once fixed
-                    // @SuppressLint("NewApi") is due to EthernetNetworkSpecifier being changed
-                    // from @SystemApi to public. EthernetNetworkSpecifier was introduced in Android
-                    // 12 as @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES) and made public in Android 13.
-                    // b/193460475 means in the above situation the tools will think
-                    // EthernetNetworkSpecifier didn't exist in Android 12, causing the NewApi lint
-                    // to fail. In this case, this is actually safe because this code was
-                    // modularized in Android 12, so it can't run on SDKs before Android 12 and is
-                    // therefore guaranteed to always have this class available to it.
                     return setNetworkSpecifier(new EthernetNetworkSpecifier(networkSpecifier));
                 }
             }
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkScore.java b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkScore.java
index 7be7deb..815e2b0 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/NetworkScore.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/NetworkScore.java
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        return "Score(" + mLegacyInt + " ; Policies : " + mPolicies + ")";
+        return "Score(Policies : " + mPolicies + ")";
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/ProfileNetworkPreference.java b/framework/src/android/net/ProfileNetworkPreference.java
index fb271e3..8b98721 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/ProfileNetworkPreference.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/ProfileNetworkPreference.java
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
      * if included is not empty, then only included UIDs are applied.
      * if excluded is not empty, then it is all uids in the user profile except these UIDs.
      * @return Array of uids included for the profile preference.
-     * {@see #getExcludedUids()}
+     * @see #getExcludedUids()
      */
     public @NonNull int[] getIncludedUids() {
         return mIncludedUids.clone();
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
      * <ul>If included is not empty, then only included UIDs are applied.</ul>
      * <ul>If excluded is not empty, then it is all uids in the user profile except these UIDs.</ul>
      * @return Array of uids not included for the profile preference.
-     * {@see #getIncludedUids()}
+     * @see #getIncludedUids()
      */
     public @NonNull int[] getExcludedUids() {
         return mExcludedUids.clone();
@@ -120,8 +120,8 @@
     public String toString() {
         return "ProfileNetworkPreference{"
                 + "mPreference=" + getPreference()
-                + "mIncludedUids=" + mIncludedUids.toString()
-                + "mExcludedUids=" + mExcludedUids.toString()
+                + "mIncludedUids=" + Arrays.toString(mIncludedUids)
+                + "mExcludedUids=" + Arrays.toString(mExcludedUids)
                 + "mPreferenceEnterpriseId=" + mPreferenceEnterpriseId
                 + '}';
     }
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
         /**
          * This is a array of uids for which profile perefence is set.
          * Empty would mean that this preference applies to all uids in the profile.
-         * {@see #setExcludedUids(int[])}
+         * @see #setExcludedUids(int[])
          * Included UIDs and Excluded UIDs can't both be non-empty.
          * if both are empty, it means this request applies to all uids in the user profile.
          * if included is not empty, then only included UIDs are applied.
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@
 
         /**
          * This is a array of uids that are excluded for the profile perefence.
-         * {@see #setIncludedUids(int[])}
+         * @see #setIncludedUids(int[])
          * Included UIDs and Excluded UIDs can't both be non-empty.
          * if both are empty, it means this request applies to all uids in the user profile.
          * if included is not empty, then only included UIDs are applied.
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/QosCallbackConnection.java b/framework/src/android/net/QosCallbackConnection.java
index de0fc24..cfceddd 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/QosCallbackConnection.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/QosCallbackConnection.java
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
  *
  * @hide
  */
-class QosCallbackConnection extends android.net.IQosCallback.Stub {
+public class QosCallbackConnection extends android.net.IQosCallback.Stub {
 
     @NonNull private final ConnectivityManager mConnectivityManager;
     @Nullable private volatile QosCallback mCallback;
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
      *                 {@link Executor} must run callback sequentially, otherwise the order of
      *                 callbacks cannot be guaranteed.
      */
-    QosCallbackConnection(@NonNull final ConnectivityManager connectivityManager,
+    public QosCallbackConnection(@NonNull final ConnectivityManager connectivityManager,
             @NonNull final QosCallback callback,
             @NonNull final Executor executor) {
         mConnectivityManager = Objects.requireNonNull(connectivityManager,
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@
      * There are no synchronization guarantees on exactly when the callback will stop receiving
      * messages.
      */
-    void stopReceivingMessages() {
+    public void stopReceivingMessages() {
         mCallback = null;
     }
 }
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/QosCallbackException.java b/framework/src/android/net/QosCallbackException.java
index ed6eb15..7de3dd1 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/QosCallbackException.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/QosCallbackException.java
@@ -46,8 +46,10 @@
             EX_TYPE_FILTER_NONE,
             EX_TYPE_FILTER_NETWORK_RELEASED,
             EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_BOUND,
+            EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_CONNECTED,
             EX_TYPE_FILTER_NOT_SUPPORTED,
             EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_LOCAL_ADDRESS_CHANGED,
+            EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED,
     })
     @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
     public @interface ExceptionType {}
@@ -55,6 +57,9 @@
     private static final String TAG = "QosCallbackException";
 
     // Types of exceptions supported //
+    // The constants are used for the sendQosCallbackError system API, so they must not be changed
+    // as there may be callers relying on their historical values to call that API.
+    // TODO: mark the constants as @SystemApi, since they are necessary to call a system API.
     /** {@hide} */
     public static final int EX_TYPE_FILTER_NONE = 0;
 
@@ -70,6 +75,12 @@
     /** {@hide} */
     public static final int EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_LOCAL_ADDRESS_CHANGED = 4;
 
+    /** {@hide} */
+    public static final int EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_CONNECTED = 5;
+
+    /** {@hide} */
+    public static final int EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED = 6;
+
     /**
      * Creates exception based off of a type and message.  Not all types of exceptions accept a
      * custom message.
@@ -77,18 +88,23 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @NonNull
-    static QosCallbackException createException(@ExceptionType final int type) {
+    public static QosCallbackException createException(@ExceptionType final int type) {
         switch (type) {
             case EX_TYPE_FILTER_NETWORK_RELEASED:
                 return new QosCallbackException(new NetworkReleasedException());
             case EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_BOUND:
                 return new QosCallbackException(new SocketNotBoundException());
+            case EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_CONNECTED:
+                return new QosCallbackException(new SocketNotConnectedException());
             case EX_TYPE_FILTER_NOT_SUPPORTED:
                 return new QosCallbackException(new UnsupportedOperationException(
                         "This device does not support the specified filter"));
             case EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_LOCAL_ADDRESS_CHANGED:
                 return new QosCallbackException(
                         new SocketLocalAddressChangedException());
+            case EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED:
+                return new QosCallbackException(
+                        new SocketRemoteAddressChangedException());
             default:
                 Log.wtf(TAG, "create: No case setup for exception type: '" + type + "'");
                 return new QosCallbackException(
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/QosFilter.java b/framework/src/android/net/QosFilter.java
index 5c1c3cc..a731b23 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/QosFilter.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/QosFilter.java
@@ -33,13 +33,15 @@
 @SystemApi
 public abstract class QosFilter {
 
-    /**
-     * The constructor is kept hidden from outside this package to ensure that all derived types
-     * are known and properly handled when being passed to and from {@link NetworkAgent}.
-     *
-     * @hide
-     */
-    QosFilter() {
+    /** @hide */
+    protected QosFilter() {
+        // Ensure that all derived types are known, and known to be properly handled when being
+        // passed to and from NetworkAgent.
+        // For now the only known derived type is QosSocketFilter.
+        if (!(this instanceof QosSocketFilter)) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
+                    "Unsupported QosFilter type: " + this.getClass().getName());
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -90,5 +92,20 @@
      */
     public abstract boolean matchesRemoteAddress(@NonNull InetAddress address,
             int startPort, int endPort);
+
+    /**
+     * Determines whether or not the parameter will be matched with this filter.
+     *
+     * @param protocol the protocol such as TCP or UDP included in IP packet filter set of a QoS
+     *                 flow assigned on {@link Network}. Only {@code IPPROTO_TCP} and {@code
+     *                 IPPROTO_UDP} currently supported.
+     * @return whether the parameters match the socket type of the filter
+     */
+    // Since this method is added in U, it's required to be default method for binary compatibility
+    // with existing @SystemApi.
+    // IPPROTO_* are not compile-time constants, so they are not annotated with @IntDef.
+    public boolean matchesProtocol(int protocol) {
+        return false;
+    }
 }
 
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/QosFilterParcelable.java b/framework/src/android/net/QosFilterParcelable.java
index da3b2cf..6e71fa3 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/QosFilterParcelable.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/QosFilterParcelable.java
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
         if (mQosFilter instanceof QosSocketFilter) {
             dest.writeInt(QOS_SOCKET_FILTER);
             final QosSocketFilter qosSocketFilter = (QosSocketFilter) mQosFilter;
-            qosSocketFilter.getQosSocketInfo().writeToParcel(dest, 0);
+            qosSocketFilter.getQosSocketInfo().writeToParcelWithoutFd(dest, 0);
             return;
         }
         dest.writeInt(NO_FILTER_PRESENT);
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/QosSocketFilter.java b/framework/src/android/net/QosSocketFilter.java
index 69da7f4..5ceeb67 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/QosSocketFilter.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/QosSocketFilter.java
@@ -18,6 +18,13 @@
 
 import static android.net.QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_NONE;
 import static android.net.QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_LOCAL_ADDRESS_CHANGED;
+import static android.net.QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_BOUND;
+import static android.net.QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_CONNECTED;
+import static android.net.QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_TCP;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_DGRAM;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_STREAM;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
@@ -74,19 +81,34 @@
      * 2. In the scenario that the socket is now bound to a different local address, which can
      *    happen in the case of UDP, then
      *    {@link QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_LOCAL_ADDRESS_CHANGED} is returned.
+     * 3. In the scenario that the UDP socket changed remote address, then
+     *    {@link QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED} is returned.
+     *
      * @return validation error code
      */
     @Override
     public int validate() {
-        final InetSocketAddress sa = getAddressFromFileDescriptor();
-        if (sa == null) {
-            return QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_BOUND;
+        final InetSocketAddress sa = getLocalAddressFromFileDescriptor();
+
+        if (sa == null || (sa.getAddress().isAnyLocalAddress() && sa.getPort() == 0)) {
+            return EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_BOUND;
         }
 
         if (!sa.equals(mQosSocketInfo.getLocalSocketAddress())) {
             return EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_LOCAL_ADDRESS_CHANGED;
         }
 
+        if (mQosSocketInfo.getRemoteSocketAddress() != null) {
+            final InetSocketAddress da = getRemoteAddressFromFileDescriptor();
+            if (da == null) {
+                return EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_CONNECTED;
+            }
+
+            if (!da.equals(mQosSocketInfo.getRemoteSocketAddress())) {
+                return EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED;
+            }
+        }
+
         return EX_TYPE_FILTER_NONE;
     }
 
@@ -98,17 +120,14 @@
      * @return the local address
      */
     @Nullable
-    private InetSocketAddress getAddressFromFileDescriptor() {
+    private InetSocketAddress getLocalAddressFromFileDescriptor() {
         final ParcelFileDescriptor parcelFileDescriptor = mQosSocketInfo.getParcelFileDescriptor();
-        if (parcelFileDescriptor == null) return null;
-
         final FileDescriptor fd = parcelFileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor();
-        if (fd == null) return null;
 
         final SocketAddress address;
         try {
             address = Os.getsockname(fd);
-        } catch (final ErrnoException e) {
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "getAddressFromFileDescriptor: getLocalAddress exception", e);
             return null;
         }
@@ -119,6 +138,31 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * The remote address of the socket's connected.
+     *
+     * <p>Note: If the socket is no longer connected, null is returned.
+     *
+     * @return the remote address
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    private InetSocketAddress getRemoteAddressFromFileDescriptor() {
+        final ParcelFileDescriptor parcelFileDescriptor = mQosSocketInfo.getParcelFileDescriptor();
+        final FileDescriptor fd = parcelFileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor();
+
+        final SocketAddress address;
+        try {
+            address = Os.getpeername(fd);
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "getAddressFromFileDescriptor: getRemoteAddress exception", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (address instanceof InetSocketAddress) {
+            return (InetSocketAddress) address;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
      * The network used with this filter.
      *
      * @return the registered {@link Network}
@@ -156,6 +200,18 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * @inheritDoc
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean matchesProtocol(final int protocol) {
+        if ((mQosSocketInfo.getSocketType() == SOCK_STREAM && protocol == IPPROTO_TCP)
+                || (mQosSocketInfo.getSocketType() == SOCK_DGRAM && protocol == IPPROTO_UDP)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Called from {@link QosSocketFilter#matchesLocalAddress(InetAddress, int, int)}
      * and {@link QosSocketFilter#matchesRemoteAddress(InetAddress, int, int)} with the
      * filterSocketAddress coming from {@link QosSocketInfo#getLocalSocketAddress()}.
@@ -174,6 +230,7 @@
             final int startPort, final int endPort) {
         return startPort <= filterSocketAddress.getPort()
                 && endPort >= filterSocketAddress.getPort()
-                && filterSocketAddress.getAddress().equals(address);
+                && (address.isAnyLocalAddress()
+                        || filterSocketAddress.getAddress().equals(address));
     }
 }
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/QosSocketInfo.java b/framework/src/android/net/QosSocketInfo.java
index 39c2f33..1c3db23 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/QosSocketInfo.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/QosSocketInfo.java
@@ -73,9 +73,10 @@
      * The parcel file descriptor wrapped around the socket's file descriptor.
      *
      * @return the parcel file descriptor of the socket
+     * @hide
      */
     @NonNull
-    ParcelFileDescriptor getParcelFileDescriptor() {
+    public ParcelFileDescriptor getParcelFileDescriptor() {
         return mParcelFileDescriptor;
     }
 
@@ -143,7 +144,6 @@
      *
      * @param network the network
      * @param socket the bound {@link DatagramSocket}
-     * @hide
      */
     public QosSocketInfo(@NonNull final Network network, @NonNull final DatagramSocket socket)
             throws IOException {
@@ -165,25 +165,28 @@
     /* Parcelable methods */
     private QosSocketInfo(final Parcel in) {
         mNetwork = Objects.requireNonNull(Network.CREATOR.createFromParcel(in));
-        mParcelFileDescriptor = ParcelFileDescriptor.CREATOR.createFromParcel(in);
+        final boolean withFd = in.readBoolean();
+        if (withFd) {
+            mParcelFileDescriptor = ParcelFileDescriptor.CREATOR.createFromParcel(in);
+        } else {
+            mParcelFileDescriptor = null;
+        }
 
-        final int localAddressLength = in.readInt();
-        mLocalSocketAddress = readSocketAddress(in, localAddressLength);
-
-        final int remoteAddressLength = in.readInt();
-        mRemoteSocketAddress = remoteAddressLength == 0 ? null
-                : readSocketAddress(in, remoteAddressLength);
+        mLocalSocketAddress = readSocketAddress(in);
+        mRemoteSocketAddress = readSocketAddress(in);
 
         mSocketType = in.readInt();
     }
 
-    private @NonNull InetSocketAddress readSocketAddress(final Parcel in, final int addressLength) {
-        final byte[] address = new byte[addressLength];
-        in.readByteArray(address);
+    private InetSocketAddress readSocketAddress(final Parcel in) {
+        final byte[] addrBytes = in.createByteArray();
+        if (addrBytes == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
         final int port = in.readInt();
 
         try {
-            return new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByAddress(address), port);
+            return new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByAddress(addrBytes), port);
         } catch (final UnknownHostException e) {
             /* This can never happen. UnknownHostException will never be thrown
                since the address provided is numeric and non-null. */
@@ -198,20 +201,35 @@
 
     @Override
     public void writeToParcel(@NonNull final Parcel dest, final int flags) {
-        mNetwork.writeToParcel(dest, 0);
-        mParcelFileDescriptor.writeToParcel(dest, 0);
+        writeToParcelInternal(dest, flags, /*includeFd=*/ true);
+    }
 
-        final byte[] localAddress = mLocalSocketAddress.getAddress().getAddress();
-        dest.writeInt(localAddress.length);
-        dest.writeByteArray(localAddress);
+    /**
+     * Used when sending QosSocketInfo to telephony, which does not need access to the socket FD.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public void writeToParcelWithoutFd(@NonNull final Parcel dest, final int flags) {
+        writeToParcelInternal(dest, flags, /*includeFd=*/ false);
+    }
+
+    private void writeToParcelInternal(
+            @NonNull final Parcel dest, final int flags, boolean includeFd) {
+        mNetwork.writeToParcel(dest, 0);
+
+        if (includeFd) {
+            dest.writeBoolean(true);
+            mParcelFileDescriptor.writeToParcel(dest, 0);
+        } else {
+            dest.writeBoolean(false);
+        }
+
+        dest.writeByteArray(mLocalSocketAddress.getAddress().getAddress());
         dest.writeInt(mLocalSocketAddress.getPort());
 
         if (mRemoteSocketAddress == null) {
-            dest.writeInt(0);
+            dest.writeByteArray(null);
         } else {
-            final byte[] remoteAddress = mRemoteSocketAddress.getAddress().getAddress();
-            dest.writeInt(remoteAddress.length);
-            dest.writeByteArray(remoteAddress);
+            dest.writeByteArray(mRemoteSocketAddress.getAddress().getAddress());
             dest.writeInt(mRemoteSocketAddress.getPort());
         }
         dest.writeInt(mSocketType);
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/SocketKeepalive.java b/framework/src/android/net/SocketKeepalive.java
index f6cae72..57cf5e3 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/SocketKeepalive.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/SocketKeepalive.java
@@ -52,7 +52,8 @@
  * request. If it does, it MUST support at least 3 concurrent keepalive slots.
  */
 public abstract class SocketKeepalive implements AutoCloseable {
-    static final String TAG = "SocketKeepalive";
+    /** @hide */
+    protected static final String TAG = "SocketKeepalive";
 
     /**
      * Success. It indicates there is no error.
@@ -215,15 +216,22 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @NonNull final IConnectivityManager mService;
-    @NonNull final Network mNetwork;
-    @NonNull final ParcelFileDescriptor mPfd;
-    @NonNull final Executor mExecutor;
-    @NonNull final ISocketKeepaliveCallback mCallback;
+    /** @hide */
+    @NonNull protected final IConnectivityManager mService;
+    /** @hide */
+    @NonNull protected final Network mNetwork;
+    /** @hide */
+    @NonNull protected final ParcelFileDescriptor mPfd;
+    /** @hide */
+    @NonNull protected final Executor mExecutor;
+    /** @hide */
+    @NonNull protected final ISocketKeepaliveCallback mCallback;
     // TODO: remove slot since mCallback could be used to identify which keepalive to stop.
-    @Nullable Integer mSlot;
+    /** @hide */
+    @Nullable protected Integer mSlot;
 
-    SocketKeepalive(@NonNull IConnectivityManager service, @NonNull Network network,
+    /** @hide */
+    public SocketKeepalive(@NonNull IConnectivityManager service, @NonNull Network network,
             @NonNull ParcelFileDescriptor pfd,
             @NonNull Executor executor, @NonNull Callback callback) {
         mService = service;
@@ -303,7 +311,8 @@
         startImpl(intervalSec);
     }
 
-    abstract void startImpl(int intervalSec);
+    /** @hide */
+    protected abstract void startImpl(int intervalSec);
 
     /**
      * Requests that keepalive be stopped. The application must wait for {@link Callback#onStopped}
@@ -313,7 +322,8 @@
         stopImpl();
     }
 
-    abstract void stopImpl();
+    /** @hide */
+    protected abstract void stopImpl();
 
     /**
      * Deactivate this {@link SocketKeepalive} and free allocated resources. The instance won't be
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/SocketNotConnectedException.java b/framework/src/android/net/SocketNotConnectedException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6357c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/SocketNotConnectedException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+/**
+ * Thrown when a previously bound socket becomes unbound.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public class SocketNotConnectedException extends Exception {
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public SocketNotConnectedException() {
+        super("The socket is not connected");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/SocketRemoteAddressChangedException.java b/framework/src/android/net/SocketRemoteAddressChangedException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e13d5ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/SocketRemoteAddressChangedException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+/**
+ * Thrown when the local address of the socket has changed.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public class SocketRemoteAddressChangedException extends Exception {
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public SocketRemoteAddressChangedException() {
+        super("The remote address of the socket changed");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/TcpSocketKeepalive.java b/framework/src/android/net/TcpSocketKeepalive.java
index d89814d..7131784 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/TcpSocketKeepalive.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/TcpSocketKeepalive.java
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 
 /** @hide */
-final class TcpSocketKeepalive extends SocketKeepalive {
+public final class TcpSocketKeepalive extends SocketKeepalive {
 
-    TcpSocketKeepalive(@NonNull IConnectivityManager service,
+    public TcpSocketKeepalive(@NonNull IConnectivityManager service,
             @NonNull Network network,
             @NonNull ParcelFileDescriptor pfd,
             @NonNull Executor executor,
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
      *   acknowledgement.
      */
     @Override
-    void startImpl(int intervalSec) {
+    protected void startImpl(int intervalSec) {
         mExecutor.execute(() -> {
             try {
                 mService.startTcpKeepalive(mNetwork, mPfd, intervalSec, mCallback);
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    void stopImpl() {
+    protected void stopImpl() {
         mExecutor.execute(() -> {
             try {
                 if (mSlot != null) {
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/TestNetworkInterface.java b/framework/src/android/net/TestNetworkInterface.java
index 4449ff8..26200e1 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/TestNetworkInterface.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/TestNetworkInterface.java
@@ -16,22 +16,32 @@
 package android.net;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.annotation.SystemApi;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import java.net.NetworkInterface;
+import java.net.SocketException;
 
 /**
- * This class is used to return the interface name and fd of the test interface
+ * This class is used to return the interface name, fd, MAC, and MTU of the test interface
  *
  * @hide
  */
 @SystemApi(client = SystemApi.Client.MODULE_LIBRARIES)
 public final class TestNetworkInterface implements Parcelable {
+    private static final String TAG = "TestNetworkInterface";
+
     @NonNull
     private final ParcelFileDescriptor mFileDescriptor;
     @NonNull
     private final String mInterfaceName;
+    @Nullable
+    private final MacAddress mMacAddress;
+    private final int mMtu;
 
     @Override
     public int describeContents() {
@@ -40,18 +50,41 @@
 
     @Override
     public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel out, int flags) {
-        out.writeParcelable(mFileDescriptor, PARCELABLE_WRITE_RETURN_VALUE);
+        out.writeParcelable(mFileDescriptor, flags);
         out.writeString(mInterfaceName);
+        out.writeParcelable(mMacAddress, flags);
+        out.writeInt(mMtu);
     }
 
     public TestNetworkInterface(@NonNull ParcelFileDescriptor pfd, @NonNull String intf) {
         mFileDescriptor = pfd;
         mInterfaceName = intf;
+
+        MacAddress macAddress = null;
+        int mtu = 1500;
+        try {
+            // This constructor is called by TestNetworkManager which runs inside the system server,
+            // which has permission to read the MacAddress.
+            NetworkInterface nif = NetworkInterface.getByName(mInterfaceName);
+
+            // getHardwareAddress() returns null for tun interfaces.
+            byte[] hardwareAddress = nif.getHardwareAddress();
+            if (hardwareAddress != null) {
+                macAddress = MacAddress.fromBytes(nif.getHardwareAddress());
+            }
+            mtu = nif.getMTU();
+        } catch (SocketException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to fetch MacAddress or MTU size from NetworkInterface", e);
+        }
+        mMacAddress = macAddress;
+        mMtu = mtu;
     }
 
     private TestNetworkInterface(@NonNull Parcel in) {
         mFileDescriptor = in.readParcelable(ParcelFileDescriptor.class.getClassLoader());
         mInterfaceName = in.readString();
+        mMacAddress = in.readParcelable(MacAddress.class.getClassLoader());
+        mMtu = in.readInt();
     }
 
     @NonNull
@@ -64,6 +97,15 @@
         return mInterfaceName;
     }
 
+    @Nullable
+    public MacAddress getMacAddress() {
+        return mMacAddress;
+    }
+
+    public int getMtu() {
+        return mMtu;
+    }
+
     @NonNull
     public static final Parcelable.Creator<TestNetworkInterface> CREATOR =
             new Parcelable.Creator<TestNetworkInterface>() {
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/TestNetworkManager.java b/framework/src/android/net/TestNetworkManager.java
index 280e497..b64299f 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/TestNetworkManager.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/TestNetworkManager.java
@@ -45,6 +45,12 @@
      */
     public static final String TEST_TAP_PREFIX = "testtap";
 
+    /**
+     * Prefix for clat interfaces.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final String CLAT_INTERFACE_PREFIX = "v4-";
+
     @NonNull private static final String TAG = TestNetworkManager.class.getSimpleName();
 
     @NonNull private final ITestNetworkManager mService;
@@ -52,6 +58,9 @@
     private static final boolean TAP = false;
     private static final boolean TUN = true;
     private static final boolean BRING_UP = true;
+    private static final boolean CARRIER_UP = true;
+    // sets disableIpv6ProvisioningDelay to false.
+    private static final boolean USE_IPV6_PROV_DELAY = false;
     private static final LinkAddress[] NO_ADDRS = new LinkAddress[0];
 
     /** @hide */
@@ -160,7 +169,8 @@
     public TestNetworkInterface createTunInterface(@NonNull Collection<LinkAddress> linkAddrs) {
         try {
             final LinkAddress[] arr = new LinkAddress[linkAddrs.size()];
-            return mService.createInterface(TUN, BRING_UP, linkAddrs.toArray(arr));
+            return mService.createInterface(TUN, CARRIER_UP, BRING_UP, USE_IPV6_PROV_DELAY,
+                    linkAddrs.toArray(arr), null /* iface */);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -178,7 +188,27 @@
     @NonNull
     public TestNetworkInterface createTapInterface() {
         try {
-            return mService.createInterface(TAP, BRING_UP, NO_ADDRS);
+            return mService.createInterface(TAP, CARRIER_UP, BRING_UP, USE_IPV6_PROV_DELAY,
+                    NO_ADDRS, null /* iface */);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a tap interface for testing purposes
+     *
+     * @param linkAddrs an array of LinkAddresses to assign to the TAP interface
+     * @return A TestNetworkInterface representing the underlying TAP interface. Close the contained
+     *     ParcelFileDescriptor to tear down the TAP interface.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS)
+    @NonNull
+    public TestNetworkInterface createTapInterface(@NonNull LinkAddress[] linkAddrs) {
+        try {
+            return mService.createInterface(TAP, CARRIER_UP, BRING_UP, USE_IPV6_PROV_DELAY,
+                    linkAddrs, null /* iface */);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -197,7 +227,110 @@
     @NonNull
     public TestNetworkInterface createTapInterface(boolean bringUp) {
         try {
-            return mService.createInterface(TAP, bringUp, NO_ADDRS);
+            return mService.createInterface(TAP, CARRIER_UP, bringUp, USE_IPV6_PROV_DELAY,
+                    NO_ADDRS, null /* iface */);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a tap interface with a given interface name for testing purposes
+     *
+     * @param bringUp whether to bring up the interface before returning it.
+     * @param iface interface name to be assigned, so far only interface name which starts with
+     *              "v4-testtap" or "v4-testtun" is allowed to be created. If it's null, then use
+     *              the default name(e.g. testtap or testtun).
+     *
+     * @return A ParcelFileDescriptor of the underlying TAP interface. Close this to tear down the
+     *     TAP interface.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS)
+    @NonNull
+    public TestNetworkInterface createTapInterface(boolean bringUp, @NonNull String iface) {
+        try {
+            return mService.createInterface(TAP, CARRIER_UP, bringUp, USE_IPV6_PROV_DELAY,
+                    NO_ADDRS, iface);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a tap interface with or without carrier for testing purposes.
+     *
+     * Note: setting carrierUp = false is not supported until kernel version 5.0.
+     *
+     * @param carrierUp whether the created interface has a carrier or not.
+     * @param bringUp whether to bring up the interface before returning it.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS)
+    @NonNull
+    public TestNetworkInterface createTapInterface(boolean carrierUp, boolean bringUp) {
+        try {
+            return mService.createInterface(TAP, carrierUp, bringUp, USE_IPV6_PROV_DELAY, NO_ADDRS,
+                    null /* iface */);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a tap interface for testing purposes.
+     *
+     * @param carrierUp whether the created interface has a carrier or not.
+     * @param bringUp whether to bring up the interface before returning it.
+     * @param disableIpv6ProvisioningDelay whether to disable DAD and RS delay.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS)
+    @NonNull
+    public TestNetworkInterface createTapInterface(boolean carrierUp, boolean bringUp,
+            boolean disableIpv6ProvisioningDelay) {
+        try {
+            return mService.createInterface(TAP, carrierUp, bringUp, disableIpv6ProvisioningDelay,
+                    NO_ADDRS, null /* iface */);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a tap interface for testing purposes.
+     *
+     * @param disableIpv6ProvisioningDelay whether to disable DAD and RS delay.
+     * @param linkAddrs an array of LinkAddresses to assign to the TAP interface
+     * @return A TestNetworkInterface representing the underlying TAP interface. Close the contained
+     *     ParcelFileDescriptor to tear down the TAP interface.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS)
+    @NonNull
+    public TestNetworkInterface createTapInterface(boolean disableIpv6ProvisioningDelay,
+            @NonNull LinkAddress[] linkAddrs) {
+        try {
+            return mService.createInterface(TAP, CARRIER_UP, BRING_UP, disableIpv6ProvisioningDelay,
+                    linkAddrs, null /* iface */);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Enable / disable carrier on TestNetworkInterface
+     *
+     * Note: TUNSETCARRIER is not supported until kernel version 5.0.
+     *
+     * @param iface the interface to configure.
+     * @param enabled true to turn carrier on, false to turn carrier off.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS)
+    public void setCarrierEnabled(@NonNull TestNetworkInterface iface, boolean enabled) {
+        try {
+            mService.setCarrierEnabled(iface, enabled);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java b/framework/src/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java
deleted file mode 100644
index c1790c9..0000000
--- a/framework/src/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,269 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package android.net.util;
-
-import static android.net.ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI;
-import static android.net.ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE;
-
-import android.annotation.NonNull;
-import android.annotation.TargetApi;
-import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
-import android.content.ContentResolver;
-import android.content.Context;
-import android.content.Intent;
-import android.content.IntentFilter;
-import android.content.res.Resources;
-import android.database.ContentObserver;
-import android.net.ConnectivityResources;
-import android.net.Uri;
-import android.os.Build;
-import android.os.Handler;
-import android.provider.Settings;
-import android.telephony.SubscriptionManager;
-import android.telephony.TelephonyCallback;
-import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
-import android.util.Log;
-
-import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
-
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
-import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
-
-/**
- * A class to encapsulate management of the "Smart Networking" capability of
- * avoiding bad Wi-Fi when, for example upstream connectivity is lost or
- * certain critical link failures occur.
- *
- * This enables the device to switch to another form of connectivity, like
- * mobile, if it's available and working.
- *
- * The Runnable |avoidBadWifiCallback|, if given, is posted to the supplied
- * Handler' whenever the computed "avoid bad wifi" value changes.
- *
- * Disabling this reverts the device to a level of networking sophistication
- * circa 2012-13 by disabling disparate code paths each of which contribute to
- * maintaining continuous, working Internet connectivity.
- *
- * @hide
- */
-public class MultinetworkPolicyTracker {
-    private static String TAG = MultinetworkPolicyTracker.class.getSimpleName();
-
-    private final Context mContext;
-    private final ConnectivityResources mResources;
-    private final Handler mHandler;
-    private final Runnable mAvoidBadWifiCallback;
-    private final List<Uri> mSettingsUris;
-    private final ContentResolver mResolver;
-    private final SettingObserver mSettingObserver;
-    private final BroadcastReceiver mBroadcastReceiver;
-
-    private volatile boolean mAvoidBadWifi = true;
-    private volatile int mMeteredMultipathPreference;
-    private int mActiveSubId = SubscriptionManager.INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID;
-    private volatile long mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs = 0;
-
-    // Mainline module can't use internal HandlerExecutor, so add an identical executor here.
-    private static class HandlerExecutor implements Executor {
-        @NonNull
-        private final Handler mHandler;
-
-        HandlerExecutor(@NonNull Handler handler) {
-            mHandler = handler;
-        }
-        @Override
-        public void execute(Runnable command) {
-            if (!mHandler.post(command)) {
-                throw new RejectedExecutionException(mHandler + " is shutting down");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    // TODO: Set the mini sdk to 31 and remove @TargetApi annotation when b/205923322 is addressed.
-    @VisibleForTesting @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
-    protected class ActiveDataSubscriptionIdListener extends TelephonyCallback
-            implements TelephonyCallback.ActiveDataSubscriptionIdListener {
-        @Override
-        public void onActiveDataSubscriptionIdChanged(int subId) {
-            mActiveSubId = subId;
-            reevaluateInternal();
-        }
-    }
-
-    public MultinetworkPolicyTracker(Context ctx, Handler handler) {
-        this(ctx, handler, null);
-    }
-
-    // TODO: Set the mini sdk to 31 and remove @TargetApi annotation when b/205923322 is addressed.
-    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
-    public MultinetworkPolicyTracker(Context ctx, Handler handler, Runnable avoidBadWifiCallback) {
-        mContext = ctx;
-        mResources = new ConnectivityResources(ctx);
-        mHandler = handler;
-        mAvoidBadWifiCallback = avoidBadWifiCallback;
-        mSettingsUris = Arrays.asList(
-                Settings.Global.getUriFor(NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI),
-                Settings.Global.getUriFor(NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE));
-        mResolver = mContext.getContentResolver();
-        mSettingObserver = new SettingObserver();
-        mBroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
-            @Override
-            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
-                reevaluateInternal();
-            }
-        };
-
-        ctx.getSystemService(TelephonyManager.class).registerTelephonyCallback(
-                new HandlerExecutor(handler), new ActiveDataSubscriptionIdListener());
-
-        updateAvoidBadWifi();
-        updateMeteredMultipathPreference();
-    }
-
-    public void start() {
-        for (Uri uri : mSettingsUris) {
-            mResolver.registerContentObserver(uri, false, mSettingObserver);
-        }
-
-        final IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
-        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED);
-        mContext.registerReceiverForAllUsers(mBroadcastReceiver, intentFilter,
-                null /* broadcastPermission */, mHandler);
-
-        reevaluate();
-    }
-
-    public void shutdown() {
-        mResolver.unregisterContentObserver(mSettingObserver);
-
-        mContext.unregisterReceiver(mBroadcastReceiver);
-    }
-
-    public boolean getAvoidBadWifi() {
-        return mAvoidBadWifi;
-    }
-
-    // TODO: move this to MultipathPolicyTracker.
-    public int getMeteredMultipathPreference() {
-        return mMeteredMultipathPreference;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether the device or carrier configuration disables avoiding bad wifi by default.
-     */
-    public boolean configRestrictsAvoidBadWifi() {
-        final boolean allowBadWifi = mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs > 0
-                && mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs > System.currentTimeMillis();
-        // If the config returns true, then avoid bad wifi design can be controlled by the
-        // NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI setting.
-        if (allowBadWifi) return true;
-
-        // TODO: use R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi directly
-        final int id = mResources.get().getIdentifier("config_networkAvoidBadWifi",
-                "integer", mResources.getResourcesContext().getPackageName());
-        return (getResourcesForActiveSubId().getInteger(id) == 0);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Temporarily allow bad wifi to override {@code config_networkAvoidBadWifi} configuration.
-     * The value works when the time set is more than {@link System.currentTimeMillis()}.
-     */
-    public void setTestAllowBadWifiUntil(long timeMs) {
-        Log.d(TAG, "setTestAllowBadWifiUntil: " + timeMs);
-        mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs = timeMs;
-        reevaluateInternal();
-    }
-
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    @NonNull
-    protected Resources getResourcesForActiveSubId() {
-        return SubscriptionManager.getResourcesForSubId(
-                mResources.getResourcesContext(), mActiveSubId);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Whether we should display a notification when wifi becomes unvalidated.
-     */
-    public boolean shouldNotifyWifiUnvalidated() {
-        return configRestrictsAvoidBadWifi() && getAvoidBadWifiSetting() == null;
-    }
-
-    public String getAvoidBadWifiSetting() {
-        return Settings.Global.getString(mResolver, NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI);
-    }
-
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    public void reevaluate() {
-        mHandler.post(this::reevaluateInternal);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Reevaluate the settings. Must be called on the handler thread.
-     */
-    private void reevaluateInternal() {
-        if (updateAvoidBadWifi() && mAvoidBadWifiCallback != null) {
-            mAvoidBadWifiCallback.run();
-        }
-        updateMeteredMultipathPreference();
-    }
-
-    public boolean updateAvoidBadWifi() {
-        final boolean settingAvoidBadWifi = "1".equals(getAvoidBadWifiSetting());
-        final boolean prev = mAvoidBadWifi;
-        mAvoidBadWifi = settingAvoidBadWifi || !configRestrictsAvoidBadWifi();
-        return mAvoidBadWifi != prev;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * The default (device and carrier-dependent) value for metered multipath preference.
-     */
-    public int configMeteredMultipathPreference() {
-        // TODO: use R.integer.config_networkMeteredMultipathPreference directly
-        final int id = mResources.get().getIdentifier("config_networkMeteredMultipathPreference",
-                "integer", mResources.getResourcesContext().getPackageName());
-        return mResources.get().getInteger(id);
-    }
-
-    public void updateMeteredMultipathPreference() {
-        String setting = Settings.Global.getString(mResolver, NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE);
-        try {
-            mMeteredMultipathPreference = Integer.parseInt(setting);
-        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
-            mMeteredMultipathPreference = configMeteredMultipathPreference();
-        }
-    }
-
-    private class SettingObserver extends ContentObserver {
-        public SettingObserver() {
-            super(null);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
-            Log.wtf(TAG, "Should never be reached.");
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onChange(boolean selfChange, Uri uri) {
-            if (!mSettingsUris.contains(uri)) {
-                Log.wtf(TAG, "Unexpected settings observation: " + uri);
-            }
-            reevaluate();
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/nearby/.gitignore b/nearby/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4402b3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Eclipse project
+**/.classpath
+**/.project
+
+# IntelliJ project
+**/.idea
+**/*.iml
+**/*.ipr
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/Android.bp b/nearby/Android.bp
deleted file mode 100644
index fb4e3cd..0000000
--- a/nearby/Android.bp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-//
-// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-//
-
-package {
-    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
-    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
-}
-
-// Empty sources and libraries to avoid merge conflicts with downstream
-// branches
-// TODO: remove once the Nearby sources are available in this branch
-filegroup {
-    name: "framework-nearby-java-sources",
-    srcs: [],
-    visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"],
-}
-
-
-java_library {
-    name: "service-nearby-pre-jarjar",
-    srcs: ["service-src/**/*.java"],
-    sdk_version: "module_current",
-    min_sdk_version: "30",
-    apex_available: ["com.android.tethering"],
-    visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"],
-}
diff --git a/nearby/OWNERS b/nearby/OWNERS
index 980c221..844ef06 100644
--- a/nearby/OWNERS
+++ b/nearby/OWNERS
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
+chenw@google.com
 chunzhang@google.com
 weiwa@google.com
 weiwu@google.com
+xinhe@google.com
 xlythe@google.com
diff --git a/nearby/PREUPLOAD.cfg b/nearby/PREUPLOAD.cfg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..048ddb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/PREUPLOAD.cfg
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[Builtin Hooks]
+xmllint = true
+clang_format = true
+commit_msg_changeid_field = true
+
+[Builtin Hooks Options]
+clang_format = --commit ${PREUPLOAD_COMMIT} --style file --extensions c,h,cc,cpp
+
+[Hook Scripts]
+checkstyle_hook = ${REPO_ROOT}/prebuilts/checkstyle/checkstyle.py --sha ${PREUPLOAD_COMMIT}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/README.md b/nearby/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6925dc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# Nearby Mainline Module
+This directory contains code for the AOSP Nearby mainline module.
+
+##Directory Structure
+
+`apex`
+ - Files associated with the Nearby mainline module APEX.
+
+`framework`
+ - Contains client side APIs and AIDL files.
+
+`jni`
+ - JNI wrapper for invoking Android APIs from native code.
+
+`native`
+ - Native code implementation for nearby module services.
+
+`service`
+ - Server side implementation for nearby module services.
+
+`tests`
+ - Unit/Multi devices tests for Nearby module (both Java and native code).
+
+## IDE setup
+
+```sh
+$ source build/envsetup.sh && lunch <TARGET>
+$ cd packages/modules/Nearby
+$ aidegen .
+# This will launch Intellij project for Nearby module.
+```
+
+## Build and Install
+
+```sh
+$ source build/envsetup.sh && lunch <TARGET>
+$ m com.google.android.tethering.next deapexer
+$ $ANDROID_BUILD_TOP/out/host/linux-x86/bin/deapexer decompress --input \
+    ${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT}/system/apex/com.google.android.tethering.next.capex \
+    --output /tmp/tethering.apex
+$ adb install -r /tmp/tethering.apex
+```
diff --git a/nearby/TEST_MAPPING b/nearby/TEST_MAPPING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d68bcc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+{
+  "presubmit": [
+    {
+      "name": "NearbyUnitTests"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "NearbyIntegrationPrivilegedTests"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "NearbyIntegrationUntrustedTests"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "NearbyIntegrationUiTests"
+    }
+  ],
+  "postsubmit": [
+    {
+      "name": "NearbyUnitTests"
+    }
+  ]
+  // TODO(b/193602229): uncomment once it's supported.
+  //"mainline-presubmit": [
+  //  {
+  //    "name": "NearbyUnitTests[com.google.android.nearby.apex]"
+  //  }
+  //]
+}
diff --git a/nearby/apex/Android.bp b/nearby/apex/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7f063a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/apex/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+filegroup {
+    name: "nearby-jarjar-rules",
+    srcs: ["jarjar-rules.txt"],
+}
diff --git a/nearby/apex/jarjar-rules.txt b/nearby/apex/jarjar-rules.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..826f54f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/apex/jarjar-rules.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+rule com.android.internal.** com.android.nearby.jarjar.@0
diff --git a/nearby/apex/manifest.json b/nearby/apex/manifest.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b91d259
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/apex/manifest.json
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+  "name": "com.android.nearby",
+  "version": 1
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/Android.bp b/nearby/framework/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e223b54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+// Sources included in the framework-connectivity-t jar
+// TODO: consider moving files to packages/modules/Connectivity
+filegroup {
+    name: "framework-nearby-java-sources",
+    srcs: [
+        "java/**/*.java",
+        "java/**/*.aidl",
+    ],
+    path: "java",
+    visibility: [
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/framework-t:__subpackages__",
+    ],
+}
+
+filegroup {
+    name: "framework-nearby-sources",
+    srcs: [
+        ":framework-nearby-java-sources",
+    ],
+    visibility: ["//frameworks/base"],
+}
+
+// Build of only framework-nearby (not as part of connectivity) for
+// unit tests
+java_library {
+    name: "framework-nearby-static",
+    srcs: [":framework-nearby-java-sources"],
+    sdk_version: "module_current",
+    libs: [
+        "framework-annotations-lib",
+        "framework-bluetooth",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "modules-utils-preconditions",
+    ],
+    visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity/nearby/tests:__subpackages__"],
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastCallback.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc94308
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+
+/**
+ * Callback when broadcasting request using nearby specification.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public interface BroadcastCallback {
+    /** Broadcast was successful. */
+    int STATUS_OK = 0;
+
+    /** General status code when broadcast failed. */
+    int STATUS_FAILURE = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Broadcast failed as the callback was already registered.
+     */
+    int STATUS_FAILURE_ALREADY_REGISTERED = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * Broadcast failed as the request contains excessive data.
+     */
+    int STATUS_FAILURE_SIZE_EXCEED_LIMIT = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * Broadcast failed as the client doesn't hold required permissions.
+     */
+    int STATUS_FAILURE_MISSING_PERMISSIONS = 4;
+
+    /** @hide **/
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef({STATUS_OK, STATUS_FAILURE, STATUS_FAILURE_ALREADY_REGISTERED,
+            STATUS_FAILURE_SIZE_EXCEED_LIMIT, STATUS_FAILURE_MISSING_PERMISSIONS})
+    @interface BroadcastStatus {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called when broadcast status changes.
+     */
+    void onStatusChanged(@BroadcastStatus int status);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastRequest.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastRequest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90f4d0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastRequest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.IntRange;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a {@link BroadcastRequest}.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public abstract class BroadcastRequest {
+
+    /** An unknown nearby broadcast request type. */
+    public static final int BROADCAST_TYPE_UNKNOWN = -1;
+
+    /** Broadcast type for advertising using nearby presence protocol. */
+    public static final int BROADCAST_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE = 3;
+
+    /** @hide **/
+    // Currently, only Nearby Presence broadcast is supported, in the future
+    // broadcasting using other nearby specifications will be added.
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef({BROADCAST_TYPE_UNKNOWN, BROADCAST_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE})
+    public @interface BroadcastType {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tx Power when the value is not set in the broadcast.
+     */
+    public static final int UNKNOWN_TX_POWER = -127;
+
+    /**
+     * An unknown version of presence broadcast request.
+     */
+    public static final int PRESENCE_VERSION_UNKNOWN = -1;
+
+    /**
+     * A legacy presence version that is only suitable for legacy (31 bytes) BLE advertisements.
+     * This exists to support legacy presence version, and not recommended for use.
+     */
+    public static final int PRESENCE_VERSION_V0 = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * V1 of Nearby Presence Protocol. This version supports both legacy (31 bytes) BLE
+     * advertisements, and extended BLE advertisements.
+     */
+    public static final int PRESENCE_VERSION_V1 = 1;
+
+    /** @hide **/
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef({PRESENCE_VERSION_UNKNOWN, PRESENCE_VERSION_V0, PRESENCE_VERSION_V1})
+    public @interface BroadcastVersion {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Broadcast the request using the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) medium.
+     */
+    public static final int MEDIUM_BLE = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * The medium where the broadcast request should be sent.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @IntDef({MEDIUM_BLE})
+    public @interface Medium {}
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a {@link BroadcastRequest} from parcel.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public static BroadcastRequest createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+        int type = in.readInt();
+        switch (type) {
+            case BroadcastRequest.BROADCAST_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE:
+                return PresenceBroadcastRequest.createFromParcelBody(in);
+            default:
+                throw new IllegalStateException(
+                        "Unexpected broadcast type (value " + type + ") in parcel.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final @BroadcastType int mType;
+    private final @BroadcastVersion int mVersion;
+    private final int mTxPower;
+    private final @Medium List<Integer> mMediums;
+
+    BroadcastRequest(@BroadcastType int type, @BroadcastVersion int version, int txPower,
+            @Medium List<Integer> mediums) {
+        this.mType = type;
+        this.mVersion = version;
+        this.mTxPower = txPower;
+        this.mMediums = mediums;
+    }
+
+    BroadcastRequest(@BroadcastType int type, Parcel in) {
+        mType = type;
+        mVersion = in.readInt();
+        mTxPower = in.readInt();
+        mMediums = new ArrayList<>();
+        in.readList(mMediums, Integer.class.getClassLoader(), Integer.class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the type of the broadcast.
+     */
+    public @BroadcastType int getType() {
+        return mType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the version of the broadcast.
+     */
+    public @BroadcastVersion int getVersion() {
+        return mVersion;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the calibrated TX power when this request is broadcast.
+     */
+    @IntRange(from = -127, to = 126)
+    public int getTxPower() {
+        return mTxPower;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the list of broadcast mediums. A medium represents the channel on which the broadcast
+     * request is sent.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    @Medium
+    public List<Integer> getMediums() {
+        return mMediums;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes the BroadcastRequest to the parcel.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        dest.writeInt(mType);
+        dest.writeInt(mVersion);
+        dest.writeInt(mTxPower);
+        dest.writeList(mMediums);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastRequestParcelable.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastRequestParcelable.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..818f8d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastRequestParcelable.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+parcelable BroadcastRequestParcelable;
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastRequestParcelable.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastRequestParcelable.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a2ff6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/BroadcastRequestParcelable.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+/**
+ * A wrapper of {@link BroadcastRequest} that is parcelable.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class BroadcastRequestParcelable implements Parcelable {
+    private final BroadcastRequest mBroadcastRequest;
+
+    public static final Creator<BroadcastRequestParcelable> CREATOR =
+            new Creator<BroadcastRequestParcelable>() {
+                @Override
+                public BroadcastRequestParcelable createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+                    return new BroadcastRequestParcelable(BroadcastRequest.createFromParcel(in));
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public BroadcastRequestParcelable[] newArray(int size) {
+                    return new BroadcastRequestParcelable[size];
+                }
+            };
+
+    BroadcastRequestParcelable(BroadcastRequest broadcastRequest) {
+        mBroadcastRequest = broadcastRequest;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the broadcastRequest.
+     */
+    public BroadcastRequest getBroadcastRequest() {
+        return mBroadcastRequest;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        mBroadcastRequest.writeToParcel(dest, flags);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/CredentialElement.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/CredentialElement.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a43b01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/CredentialElement.java
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Represents an element in {@link PresenceCredential}.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public final class CredentialElement implements Parcelable {
+    private final String mKey;
+    private final byte[] mValue;
+
+    /** Constructs a {@link CredentialElement}. */
+    public CredentialElement(@NonNull String key, @NonNull byte[] value) {
+        Preconditions.checkState(key != null && value != null, "neither key or value can be null");
+        mKey = key;
+        mValue = value;
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    public static final Parcelable.Creator<CredentialElement> CREATOR =
+            new Parcelable.Creator<CredentialElement>() {
+                @Override
+                public CredentialElement createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+                    String key = in.readString();
+                    byte[] value = new byte[in.readInt()];
+                    in.readByteArray(value);
+                    return new CredentialElement(key, value);
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public CredentialElement[] newArray(int size) {
+                    return new CredentialElement[size];
+                }
+            };
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        dest.writeString(mKey);
+        dest.writeInt(mValue.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mValue);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the key of the credential element. */
+    @NonNull
+    public String getKey() {
+        return mKey;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the value of the credential element. */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getValue() {
+        return mValue;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) {
+        if (obj instanceof CredentialElement) {
+            CredentialElement that = (CredentialElement) obj;
+            return mKey.equals(that.mKey) && Arrays.equals(mValue, that.mValue);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(mKey.hashCode(), Arrays.hashCode(mValue));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/DataElement.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/DataElement.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0aa3499
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/DataElement.java
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a data element in Nearby Presence.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public final class DataElement implements Parcelable {
+
+    private final int mKey;
+    private final byte[] mValue;
+
+    /** @hide */
+    @IntDef({
+            DataType.BLE_SERVICE_DATA,
+            DataType.BLE_ADDRESS,
+            DataType.SALT,
+            DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY,
+            DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY,
+            DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY,
+            DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY,
+            DataType.TX_POWER,
+            DataType.ACTION,
+            DataType.MODEL_ID,
+            DataType.EDDYSTONE_EPHEMERAL_IDENTIFIER,
+            DataType.ACCOUNT_KEY_DATA,
+            DataType.CONNECTION_STATUS,
+            DataType.BATTERY
+    })
+    public @interface DataType {
+        int BLE_SERVICE_DATA = 100;
+        int BLE_ADDRESS = 101;
+        int SALT = 0;
+        int PRIVATE_IDENTITY = 1;
+        int TRUSTED_IDENTITY = 2;
+        int PUBLIC_IDENTITY = 3;
+        int PROVISIONED_IDENTITY = 4;
+        int TX_POWER = 5;
+        int ACTION = 6;
+        int MODEL_ID = 7;
+        int EDDYSTONE_EPHEMERAL_IDENTIFIER = 8;
+        int ACCOUNT_KEY_DATA = 9;
+        int CONNECTION_STATUS = 10;
+        int BATTERY = 11;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static boolean isValidType(int type) {
+        return type == DataType.BLE_SERVICE_DATA
+                || type == DataType.ACCOUNT_KEY_DATA
+                || type == DataType.BLE_ADDRESS
+                || type == DataType.SALT
+                || type == DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY
+                || type == DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY
+                || type == DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY
+                || type == DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY
+                || type == DataType.TX_POWER
+                || type == DataType.ACTION
+                || type == DataType.MODEL_ID
+                || type == DataType.EDDYSTONE_EPHEMERAL_IDENTIFIER
+                || type == DataType.CONNECTION_STATUS
+                || type == DataType.BATTERY;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return {@code true} if this is identity type.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public boolean isIdentityDataType() {
+        return mKey == DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY
+                || mKey == DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY
+                || mKey == DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY
+                || mKey == DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a {@link DataElement}.
+     */
+    public DataElement(int key, @NonNull byte[] value) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(value != null, "value cannot be null");
+        mKey = key;
+        mValue = value;
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    public static final Creator<DataElement> CREATOR = new Creator<DataElement>() {
+        @Override
+        public DataElement createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+            int key = in.readInt();
+            byte[] value = new byte[in.readInt()];
+            in.readByteArray(value);
+            return new DataElement(key, value);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public DataElement[] newArray(int size) {
+            return new DataElement[size];
+        }
+    };
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) {
+        if (obj instanceof DataElement) {
+            return mKey == ((DataElement) obj).mKey
+                    && Arrays.equals(mValue, ((DataElement) obj).mValue);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(mKey, Arrays.hashCode(mValue));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        dest.writeInt(mKey);
+        dest.writeInt(mValue.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mValue);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the key of the data element, as defined in the nearby presence specification.
+     */
+    public int getKey() {
+        return mKey;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the value of the data element.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getValue() {
+        return mValue;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d42fbf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata.java
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+
+/**
+ * Class for metadata of a Fast Pair device associated with an account.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata {
+
+    FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel mMetadataParcel;
+
+    FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadataParcel) {
+        this.mMetadataParcel = metadataParcel;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Device Account Key, which uniquely identifies a Fast Pair device associated with an
+     * account. AccountKey is 16 bytes: first byte is 0x04. Other 15 bytes are randomly generated.
+     *
+     * @return 16-byte Account Key.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getDeviceAccountKey() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.deviceAccountKey;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get a hash value of device's account key and public bluetooth address without revealing the
+     * public bluetooth address. Sha256 hash value is 32 bytes.
+     *
+     * @return 32-byte Sha256 hash value.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getSha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get metadata of a Fast Pair device type.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public FastPairDeviceMetadata getFastPairDeviceMetadata() {
+        if (mMetadataParcel.metadata == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return new FastPairDeviceMetadata(mMetadataParcel.metadata);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Fast Pair discovery item, which is tied to both the device type and the account.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public FastPairDiscoveryItem getFastPairDiscoveryItem() {
+        if (mMetadataParcel.discoveryItem == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return new FastPairDiscoveryItem(mMetadataParcel.discoveryItem);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder used to create FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+
+        private final FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel mBuilderParcel;
+
+        /**
+         * Default constructor of Builder.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public Builder() {
+            mBuilderParcel = new FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+            mBuilderParcel.deviceAccountKey = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.metadata = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.discoveryItem = null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Account Key.
+         *
+         * @param deviceAccountKey Fast Pair device account key, which is 16 bytes: first byte is
+         *                         0x04. Next 15 bytes are randomly generated.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setDeviceAccountKey(@Nullable byte[] deviceAccountKey) {
+            mBuilderParcel.deviceAccountKey = deviceAccountKey;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set sha256 hash value of account key and public bluetooth address.
+         *
+         * @param sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress 32-byte sha256 hash value of account key and
+         *                                            public bluetooth address.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setSha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress(
+                @Nullable byte[] sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress) {
+            mBuilderParcel.sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress =
+                    sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+
+        /**
+         * Set Fast Pair metadata.
+         *
+         * @param metadata Fast Pair metadata.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setFastPairDeviceMetadata(@Nullable FastPairDeviceMetadata metadata) {
+            if (metadata == null) {
+                mBuilderParcel.metadata = null;
+            } else {
+                mBuilderParcel.metadata = metadata.mMetadataParcel;
+            }
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Fast Pair discovery item.
+         *
+         * @param discoveryItem Fast Pair discovery item.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setFastPairDiscoveryItem(@Nullable FastPairDiscoveryItem discoveryItem) {
+            if (discoveryItem == null) {
+                mBuilderParcel.discoveryItem = null;
+            } else {
+                mBuilderParcel.discoveryItem = discoveryItem.mMetadataParcel;
+            }
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Build {@link FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata} with the currently set configuration.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata build() {
+            return new FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(mBuilderParcel);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74831d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.java
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+
+/**
+ * Class for a type of registered Fast Pair device keyed by modelID, or antispoofKey.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata {
+
+    FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel mMetadataParcel;
+    FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+            FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadataParcel) {
+        this.mMetadataParcel = metadataParcel;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Antispoof public key.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getAntispoofPublicKey() {
+        return this.mMetadataParcel.antispoofPublicKey;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get metadata of a Fast Pair device type.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public FastPairDeviceMetadata getFastPairDeviceMetadata() {
+        if (this.mMetadataParcel.deviceMetadata == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return new FastPairDeviceMetadata(this.mMetadataParcel.deviceMetadata);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder used to create FastPairAntispoofkeyDeviceMetadata.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+
+        private final FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel mBuilderParcel;
+
+        /**
+         * Default constructor of Builder.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public Builder() {
+            mBuilderParcel = new FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+            mBuilderParcel.antispoofPublicKey = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.deviceMetadata = null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set AntiSpoof public key, which uniquely identify a Fast Pair device type.
+         *
+         * @param antispoofPublicKey is 64 bytes, see <a href="https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec#data_format">Data Format</a>.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setAntispoofPublicKey(@Nullable byte[] antispoofPublicKey) {
+            mBuilderParcel.antispoofPublicKey = antispoofPublicKey;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Fast Pair metadata, which is the property of a Fast Pair device type, including
+         * device images and strings.
+         *
+         * @param metadata Fast Pair device meta data.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setFastPairDeviceMetadata(@Nullable FastPairDeviceMetadata metadata) {
+            if (metadata != null) {
+                mBuilderParcel.deviceMetadata = metadata.mMetadataParcel;
+            } else {
+                mBuilderParcel.deviceMetadata = null;
+            }
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Build {@link FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata} with the currently set configuration.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata build() {
+            return new FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(mBuilderParcel);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDataProviderService.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDataProviderService.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1d5074
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDataProviderService.java
@@ -0,0 +1,714 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.app.Service;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.nearby.aidl.ByteArrayParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairDataProvider;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairManageAccountCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback;
+import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * A service class for fast pair data providers outside the system server.
+ *
+ * Fast pair providers should be wrapped in a non-exported service which returns the result of
+ * {@link #getBinder()} from the service's {@link android.app.Service#onBind(Intent)} method. The
+ * service should not be exported so that components other than the system server cannot bind to it.
+ * Alternatively, the service may be guarded by a permission that only system server can obtain.
+ *
+ * <p>Fast Pair providers are identified by their UID / package name.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public abstract class FastPairDataProviderService extends Service {
+    /**
+     * The action the wrapping service should have in its intent filter to implement the
+     * {@link android.nearby.FastPairDataProviderBase}.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final String ACTION_FAST_PAIR_DATA_PROVIDER =
+            "android.nearby.action.FAST_PAIR_DATA_PROVIDER";
+
+    /**
+     * Manage request type to add, or opt-in.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Manage request type to remove, or opt-out.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int MANAGE_REQUEST_REMOVE = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(value = {
+            MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD,
+            MANAGE_REQUEST_REMOVE})
+    @interface ManageRequestType {}
+
+    /**
+     * Error code for bad request.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Error code for internal error.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final int ERROR_CODE_INTERNAL_ERROR = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(value = {
+            ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST,
+            ERROR_CODE_INTERNAL_ERROR})
+    @interface ErrorCode {}
+
+    private final IBinder mBinder;
+    private final String mTag;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor of FastPairDataProviderService.
+     *
+     * @param tag TAG for on device logging.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public FastPairDataProviderService(@NonNull String tag) {
+        mBinder = new Service();
+        mTag = tag;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @NonNull
+    public final IBinder onBind(@NonNull Intent intent) {
+        return mBinder;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback to be invoked when an AntispoofKeyed device metadata is loaded.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public interface FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback {
+
+        /**
+         * Invoked once the meta data is loaded.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        void onFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataReceived(
+                @NonNull FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata metadata);
+
+        /** Invoked in case of error.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        void onError(@ErrorCode int code, @Nullable String message);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback to be invoked when Fast Pair devices of a given account is loaded.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public interface FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback {
+
+        /**
+         * Should be invoked once the metadatas are loaded.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        void onFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataReceived(
+                @NonNull Collection<FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata> metadatas);
+        /**
+         * Invoked in case of error.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        void onError(@ErrorCode int code, @Nullable String message);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback to be invoked when FastPair eligible accounts are loaded.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public interface FastPairEligibleAccountsCallback {
+
+        /**
+         * Should be invoked once the eligible accounts are loaded.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        void onFastPairEligibleAccountsReceived(
+                @NonNull Collection<FastPairEligibleAccount> accounts);
+        /**
+         * Invoked in case of error.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        void onError(@ErrorCode int code, @Nullable String message);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback to be invoked when a management action is finished.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public interface FastPairManageActionCallback {
+
+        /**
+         * Should be invoked once the manage action is successful.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        void onSuccess();
+        /**
+         * Invoked in case of error.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        void onError(@ErrorCode int code, @Nullable String message);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fulfills the Fast Pair device metadata request by using callback to send back the
+     * device meta data of a given modelId.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public abstract void onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+            @NonNull FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest request,
+            @NonNull FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback callback);
+
+    /**
+     * Fulfills the account tied Fast Pair devices metadata request by using callback to send back
+     * all Fast Pair device's metadata of a given account.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public abstract void onLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+            @NonNull FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest request,
+            @NonNull FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback callback);
+
+    /**
+     * Fulfills the Fast Pair eligible accounts request by using callback to send back Fast Pair
+     * eligible accounts.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public abstract void onLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts(
+            @NonNull FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest request,
+            @NonNull FastPairEligibleAccountsCallback callback);
+
+    /**
+     * Fulfills the Fast Pair account management request by using callback to send back result.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public abstract void onManageFastPairAccount(
+            @NonNull FastPairManageAccountRequest request,
+            @NonNull FastPairManageActionCallback callback);
+
+    /**
+     * Fulfills the request to manage device-account mapping by using callback to send back result.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public abstract void onManageFastPairAccountDevice(
+            @NonNull FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest request,
+            @NonNull FastPairManageActionCallback callback);
+
+    /**
+     * Class for reading FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest, which specifies the model ID of
+     * a Fast Pair device. To fulfill this request, corresponding
+     * {@link FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata} should be fetched and returned.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static class FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest {
+
+        private final FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel mMetadataRequestParcel;
+
+        private FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest(
+                final FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel metaDataRequestParcel) {
+            this.mMetadataRequestParcel = metaDataRequestParcel;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Get modelId (24 bit), the key for FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata in the same format
+         * returned by Google at device registration time.
+         *
+         * ModelId format is defined at device registration time, see
+         * <a href="https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec#model_id">Model ID</a>.
+         * @return raw bytes of modelId in the same format returned by Google at device registration
+         *         time.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public @NonNull byte[] getModelId() {
+            return this.mMetadataRequestParcel.modelId;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Class for reading FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest, which specifies the Fast Pair
+     * account and the allow list of the FastPair device keys saved to the account (i.e., FastPair
+     * accountKeys).
+     *
+     * A Fast Pair accountKey is created when a Fast Pair device is saved to an account. It is per
+     * Fast Pair device per account.
+     *
+     * To retrieve all Fast Pair accountKeys saved to an account, the caller needs to set
+     * account with an empty allow list.
+     *
+     * To retrieve metadata of a selected list of Fast Pair devices saved to an account, the caller
+     * needs to set account with a non-empty allow list.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static class FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest {
+
+        private final FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel mMetadataRequestParcel;
+
+        private FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest(
+                final FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel metaDataRequestParcel) {
+            this.mMetadataRequestParcel = metaDataRequestParcel;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Get FastPair account, whose Fast Pair devices' metadata is requested.
+         *
+         * @return a FastPair account.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public @NonNull Account getAccount() {
+            return this.mMetadataRequestParcel.account;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Get allowlist of Fast Pair devices using a collection of deviceAccountKeys.
+         * Note that as a special case, empty list actually means all FastPair devices under the
+         * account instead of none.
+         *
+         * DeviceAccountKey is 16 bytes: first byte is 0x04. Other 15 bytes are randomly generated.
+         *
+         * @return allowlist of Fast Pair devices using a collection of deviceAccountKeys.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public @NonNull Collection<byte[]> getDeviceAccountKeys()  {
+            if (this.mMetadataRequestParcel.deviceAccountKeys == null) {
+                return new ArrayList<byte[]>(0);
+            }
+            List<byte[]> deviceAccountKeys =
+                    new ArrayList<>(this.mMetadataRequestParcel.deviceAccountKeys.length);
+            for (ByteArrayParcel deviceAccountKey : this.mMetadataRequestParcel.deviceAccountKeys) {
+                deviceAccountKeys.add(deviceAccountKey.byteArray);
+            }
+            return deviceAccountKeys;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *  Class for reading FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest. Upon receiving this request, Fast Pair
+     *  eligible accounts should be returned to bind Fast Pair devices.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static class FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest {
+        @SuppressWarnings("UnusedVariable")
+        private final FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel mAccountsRequestParcel;
+
+        private FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest(
+                final FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel accountsRequestParcel) {
+            this.mAccountsRequestParcel = accountsRequestParcel;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Class for reading FastPairManageAccountRequest. If the request type is MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD,
+     * the account is enabled to bind Fast Pair devices; If the request type is
+     * MANAGE_REQUEST_REMOVE, the account is disabled to bind more Fast Pair devices. Furthermore,
+     * all existing bounded Fast Pair devices are unbounded.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static class FastPairManageAccountRequest {
+
+        private final FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel mAccountRequestParcel;
+
+        private FastPairManageAccountRequest(
+                final FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel accountRequestParcel) {
+            this.mAccountRequestParcel = accountRequestParcel;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Get request type: MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD, or MANAGE_REQUEST_REMOVE.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public @ManageRequestType int getRequestType() {
+            return this.mAccountRequestParcel.requestType;
+        }
+        /**
+         * Get account.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public @NonNull Account getAccount() {
+            return this.mAccountRequestParcel.account;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *  Class for reading FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest. If the request type is
+     *  MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD, then a Fast Pair device is bounded to a Fast Pair account. If the
+     *  request type is MANAGE_REQUEST_REMOVE, then a Fast Pair device is removed from a Fast Pair
+     *  account.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static class FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest {
+
+        private final FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel mRequestParcel;
+
+        private FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest(
+                final FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel requestParcel) {
+            this.mRequestParcel = requestParcel;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Get request type: MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD, or MANAGE_REQUEST_REMOVE.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public @ManageRequestType int getRequestType() {
+            return this.mRequestParcel.requestType;
+        }
+        /**
+         * Get account.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public @NonNull Account getAccount() {
+            return this.mRequestParcel.account;
+        }
+        /**
+         * Get account key device metadata.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public @NonNull FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata getAccountKeyDeviceMetadata() {
+            return new FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                    this.mRequestParcel.accountKeyDeviceMetadata);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback class that sends back FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.
+     */
+    private final class WrapperFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback implements
+            FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback {
+
+        private IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback mCallback;
+
+        private WrapperFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback(
+                IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback callback) {
+            mCallback = callback;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sends back FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void onFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataReceived(
+                @NonNull FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata metadata) {
+            try {
+                mCallback.onFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataReceived(metadata.mMetadataParcel);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                Log.w(mTag, e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onError(@ErrorCode int code, @Nullable String message) {
+            try {
+                mCallback.onError(code, message);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                Log.w(mTag, e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback class that sends back collection of FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata.
+     */
+    private final class WrapperFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback implements
+            FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback {
+
+        private IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback mCallback;
+
+        private WrapperFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback(
+                IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback callback) {
+            mCallback = callback;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sends back collection of FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void onFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataReceived(
+                @NonNull Collection<FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata> metadatas) {
+            FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] metadataParcels =
+                    new FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[metadatas.size()];
+            int i = 0;
+            for (FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata metadata : metadatas) {
+                metadataParcels[i] = metadata.mMetadataParcel;
+                i = i + 1;
+            }
+            try {
+                mCallback.onFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataReceived(metadataParcels);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                Log.w(mTag, e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onError(@ErrorCode int code, @Nullable String message) {
+            try {
+                mCallback.onError(code, message);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                Log.w(mTag, e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback class that sends back eligible Fast Pair accounts.
+     */
+    private final class WrapperFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback implements
+            FastPairEligibleAccountsCallback {
+
+        private IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback mCallback;
+
+        private WrapperFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback(
+                IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback callback) {
+            mCallback = callback;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sends back the eligible Fast Pair accounts.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void onFastPairEligibleAccountsReceived(
+                @NonNull Collection<FastPairEligibleAccount> accounts) {
+            int i = 0;
+            FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] accountParcels =
+                    new FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[accounts.size()];
+            for (FastPairEligibleAccount account: accounts) {
+                accountParcels[i] = account.mAccountParcel;
+                i = i + 1;
+            }
+            try {
+                mCallback.onFastPairEligibleAccountsReceived(accountParcels);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                Log.w(mTag, e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onError(@ErrorCode int code, @Nullable String message) {
+            try {
+                mCallback.onError(code, message);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                Log.w(mTag, e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback class that sends back Fast Pair account management result.
+     */
+    private final class WrapperFastPairManageAccountCallback implements
+            FastPairManageActionCallback {
+
+        private IFastPairManageAccountCallback mCallback;
+
+        private WrapperFastPairManageAccountCallback(
+                IFastPairManageAccountCallback callback) {
+            mCallback = callback;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sends back Fast Pair account opt in result.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void onSuccess() {
+            try {
+                mCallback.onSuccess();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                Log.w(mTag, e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onError(@ErrorCode int code, @Nullable String message) {
+            try {
+                mCallback.onError(code, message);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                Log.w(mTag, e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Call back class that sends back account-device mapping management result.
+     */
+    private final class WrapperFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback implements
+            FastPairManageActionCallback {
+
+        private IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback mCallback;
+
+        private WrapperFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback(
+                IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback callback) {
+            mCallback = callback;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sends back the account-device mapping management result.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void onSuccess() {
+            try {
+                mCallback.onSuccess();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                Log.w(mTag, e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onError(@ErrorCode int code, @Nullable String message) {
+            try {
+                mCallback.onError(code, message);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                Log.w(mTag, e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class Service extends IFastPairDataProvider.Stub {
+
+        Service() {
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                @NonNull FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel requestParcel,
+                IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback callback) {
+            onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                    new FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest(requestParcel),
+                    new WrapperFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback(callback));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+                @NonNull FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel requestParcel,
+                IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback callback) {
+            onLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+                    new FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest(requestParcel),
+                    new WrapperFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback(callback));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void loadFastPairEligibleAccounts(
+                @NonNull FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel requestParcel,
+                IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback callback) {
+            onLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts(new FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest(requestParcel),
+                    new WrapperFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback(callback));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void manageFastPairAccount(
+                @NonNull FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel requestParcel,
+                IFastPairManageAccountCallback callback) {
+            onManageFastPairAccount(new FastPairManageAccountRequest(requestParcel),
+                    new WrapperFastPairManageAccountCallback(callback));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void manageFastPairAccountDevice(
+                @NonNull FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel requestParcel,
+                IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback callback) {
+            onManageFastPairAccountDevice(new FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest(requestParcel),
+                    new WrapperFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback(callback));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDevice.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDevice.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5942966
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDevice.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+/**
+ * A class represents a Fast Pair device that can be discovered by multiple mediums.
+ *
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+parcelable FastPairDevice;
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDevice.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDevice.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7160533
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDevice.java
@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntRange;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * A class represents a Fast Pair device that can be discovered by multiple mediums.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class FastPairDevice extends NearbyDevice implements Parcelable {
+    /**
+     * Used to read a FastPairDevice from a Parcel.
+     */
+    public static final Creator<FastPairDevice> CREATOR = new Creator<FastPairDevice>() {
+        @Override
+        public FastPairDevice createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+            FastPairDevice.Builder builder = new FastPairDevice.Builder();
+            if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                builder.setName(in.readString());
+            }
+            int size = in.readInt();
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                builder.addMedium(in.readInt());
+            }
+            builder.setRssi(in.readInt());
+            builder.setTxPower(in.readInt());
+            if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                builder.setModelId(in.readString());
+            }
+            builder.setBluetoothAddress(in.readString());
+            if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                int dataLength = in.readInt();
+                byte[] data = new byte[dataLength];
+                in.readByteArray(data);
+                builder.setData(data);
+            }
+            return builder.build();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public FastPairDevice[] newArray(int size) {
+            return new FastPairDevice[size];
+        }
+    };
+
+    // The transmit power in dBm. Valid range is [-127, 126]. a
+    // See android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult#getTxPower
+    private int mTxPower;
+
+    // Some OEM devices devices don't have model Id.
+    @Nullable private final String mModelId;
+
+    // Bluetooth hardware address as string. Can be read from BLE ScanResult.
+    private final String mBluetoothAddress;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private final byte[] mData;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new FastPairDevice.
+     *
+     * @param name Name of the FastPairDevice. Can be {@code null} if there is no name.
+     * @param mediums The {@link Medium}s over which the device is discovered.
+     * @param rssi The received signal strength in dBm.
+     * @param txPower The transmit power in dBm. Valid range is [-127, 126].
+     * @param modelId The identifier of the Fast Pair device.
+     *                Can be {@code null} if there is no Model ID.
+     * @param bluetoothAddress The hardware address of this BluetoothDevice.
+     * @param data Extra data for a Fast Pair device.
+     */
+    public FastPairDevice(@Nullable String name,
+            List<Integer> mediums,
+            int rssi,
+            int txPower,
+            @Nullable String modelId,
+            @NonNull String bluetoothAddress,
+            @Nullable byte[] data) {
+        super(name, mediums, rssi);
+        this.mTxPower = txPower;
+        this.mModelId = modelId;
+        this.mBluetoothAddress = bluetoothAddress;
+        this.mData = data;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the transmit power in dBm. A value of
+     * android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult#TX_POWER_NOT_PRESENT
+     * indicates that the TX power is not present.
+     */
+    @IntRange(from = -127, to = 126)
+    public int getTxPower() {
+        return mTxPower;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the identifier of the Fast Pair device. Can be {@code null} if there is no Model ID.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getModelId() {
+        return this.mModelId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the hardware address of this BluetoothDevice.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public String getBluetoothAddress() {
+        return mBluetoothAddress;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the extra data for a Fast Pair device. Can be {@code null} if there is extra data.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getData() {
+        return mData;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * No special parcel contents.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a string representation of this FastPairDevice.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
+        stringBuilder.append("FastPairDevice [");
+        String name = getName();
+        if (getName() != null && !name.isEmpty()) {
+            stringBuilder.append("name=").append(name).append(", ");
+        }
+        stringBuilder.append("medium={");
+        for (int medium: getMediums()) {
+            stringBuilder.append(mediumToString(medium));
+        }
+        stringBuilder.append("} rssi=").append(getRssi());
+        stringBuilder.append(" txPower=").append(mTxPower);
+        stringBuilder.append(" modelId=").append(mModelId);
+        stringBuilder.append(" bluetoothAddress=").append(mBluetoothAddress);
+        stringBuilder.append("]");
+        return stringBuilder.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (other instanceof FastPairDevice) {
+            FastPairDevice otherDevice = (FastPairDevice) other;
+            if (!super.equals(other)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return  mTxPower == otherDevice.mTxPower
+                    && Objects.equals(mModelId, otherDevice.mModelId)
+                    && Objects.equals(mBluetoothAddress, otherDevice.mBluetoothAddress)
+                    && Arrays.equals(mData, otherDevice.mData);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(
+                getName(), getMediums(), getRssi(), mTxPower, mModelId, mBluetoothAddress,
+                Arrays.hashCode(mData));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        String name = getName();
+        dest.writeInt(name == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (name != null) {
+            dest.writeString(name);
+        }
+        List<Integer> mediums = getMediums();
+        dest.writeInt(mediums.size());
+        for (int medium : mediums) {
+            dest.writeInt(medium);
+        }
+        dest.writeInt(getRssi());
+        dest.writeInt(mTxPower);
+        dest.writeInt(mModelId == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (mModelId != null) {
+            dest.writeString(mModelId);
+        }
+        dest.writeString(mBluetoothAddress);
+        dest.writeInt(mData == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (mData != null) {
+            dest.writeInt(mData.length);
+            dest.writeByteArray(mData);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A builder class for {@link FastPairDevice}
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+        private final List<Integer> mMediums;
+
+        @Nullable private String mName;
+        private int mRssi;
+        private int mTxPower;
+        @Nullable private String mModelId;
+        private String mBluetoothAddress;
+        @Nullable private byte[] mData;
+
+        public Builder() {
+            mMediums = new ArrayList<>();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the name of the Fast Pair device.
+         *
+         * @param name Name of the FastPairDevice. Can be {@code null} if there is no name.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setName(@Nullable String name) {
+            mName = name;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the medium over which the Fast Pair device is discovered.
+         *
+         * @param medium The {@link Medium} over which the device is discovered.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder addMedium(@Medium int medium) {
+            mMediums.add(medium);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the RSSI between the scan device and the discovered Fast Pair device.
+         *
+         * @param rssi The received signal strength in dBm.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setRssi(@IntRange(from = -127, to = 126) int rssi) {
+            mRssi = rssi;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the txPower.
+         *
+         * @param txPower The transmit power in dBm
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setTxPower(@IntRange(from = -127, to = 126) int txPower) {
+            mTxPower = txPower;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the model Id of this Fast Pair device.
+         *
+         * @param modelId The identifier of the Fast Pair device. Can be {@code null}
+         *                if there is no Model ID.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setModelId(@Nullable String modelId) {
+            mModelId = modelId;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the hardware address of this BluetoothDevice.
+         *
+         * @param bluetoothAddress The hardware address of this BluetoothDevice.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setBluetoothAddress(@NonNull String bluetoothAddress) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(bluetoothAddress);
+            mBluetoothAddress = bluetoothAddress;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the raw data for a FastPairDevice. Can be {@code null} if there is no extra data.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setData(@Nullable byte[] data) {
+            mData = data;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builds a FastPairDevice and return it.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public FastPairDevice build() {
+            return new FastPairDevice(mName, mMediums, mRssi, mTxPower, mModelId,
+                    mBluetoothAddress, mData);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDeviceMetadata.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDeviceMetadata.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e2e79d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDeviceMetadata.java
@@ -0,0 +1,683 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel;
+
+/**
+ * Class for the properties of a given type of Fast Pair device, including images and text.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class FastPairDeviceMetadata {
+
+    FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel mMetadataParcel;
+
+    FastPairDeviceMetadata(
+            FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel metadataParcel) {
+        this.mMetadataParcel = metadataParcel;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get ImageUrl, which will be displayed in notification.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getImageUrl() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.imageUrl;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get IntentUri, which will be launched to install companion app.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getIntentUri() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.intentUri;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get BLE transmit power, as described in Fast Pair spec, see
+     * <a href="https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec#transmit_power">Transmit Power</a>
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public int getBleTxPower() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.bleTxPower;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Fast Pair Half Sheet trigger distance in meters.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public float getTriggerDistance() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.triggerDistance;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Fast Pair device image, which is submitted at device registration time to display on
+     * notification. It is a 32-bit PNG with dimensions of 512px by 512px.
+     *
+     * @return Fast Pair device image in 32-bit PNG with dimensions of 512px by 512px.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getImage() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.image;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Fast Pair device type.
+     * DEVICE_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+     * HEADPHONES = 1;
+     * TRUE_WIRELESS_HEADPHONES = 7;
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public int getDeviceType() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.deviceType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Fast Pair device name. e.g., "Pixel Buds A-Series".
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getName() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.name;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get true wireless image url for left bud.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getTrueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get true wireless image url for right bud.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getTrueWirelessImageUrlRightBud() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get true wireless image url for case.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getTrueWirelessImageUrlCase() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlCase;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get InitialNotificationDescription, which is a translated string of
+     * "Tap to pair. Earbuds will be tied to %s" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getInitialNotificationDescription() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.initialNotificationDescription;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get InitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount, which is a translated string of
+     * "Tap to pair with this device" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get OpenCompanionAppDescription, which is a translated string of
+     * "Tap to finish setup" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getOpenCompanionAppDescription() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.openCompanionAppDescription;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get UpdateCompanionAppDescription, which is a translated string of
+     * "Tap to update device settings and finish setup" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getUpdateCompanionAppDescription() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.updateCompanionAppDescription;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get DownloadCompanionAppDescription, which is a translated string of
+     * "Tap to download device app on Google Play and see all features" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getDownloadCompanionAppDescription() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.downloadCompanionAppDescription;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get UnableToConnectTitle, which is a translated string of
+     * "Unable to connect" based on locale.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getUnableToConnectTitle() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.unableToConnectTitle;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get UnableToConnectDescription, which is a translated string of
+     * "Try manually pairing to the device" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getUnableToConnectDescription() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.unableToConnectDescription;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get InitialPairingDescription, which is a translated string of
+     * "%s will appear on devices linked with %s" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getInitialPairingDescription() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.initialPairingDescription;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get ConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled, which is a translated string of
+     * "Your device is ready to be set up" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get ConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled, which is a translated string of
+     * "Download the device app on Google Play to see all available features" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get SubsequentPairingDescription, which is a translated string of
+     * "Connect %s to this phone" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getSubsequentPairingDescription() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.subsequentPairingDescription;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get RetroactivePairingDescription, which is a translated string of
+     * "Save device to %s for faster pairing to your other devices" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getRetroactivePairingDescription() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.retroactivePairingDescription;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get WaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription, which is a translated string of
+     * "This will take a few moments" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getWaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get FailConnectGoToSettingsDescription, which is a translated string of
+     * "Try manually pairing to the device by going to Settings" based on locale.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getFailConnectGoToSettingsDescription() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder used to create FastPairDeviceMetadata.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+
+        private final FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel mBuilderParcel;
+
+        /**
+         * Default constructor of Builder.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public Builder() {
+            mBuilderParcel = new FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+            mBuilderParcel.imageUrl = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.intentUri = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.name = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.bleTxPower = 0;
+            mBuilderParcel.triggerDistance = 0;
+            mBuilderParcel.image = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.deviceType = 0;  // DEVICE_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED
+            mBuilderParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlCase = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.initialNotificationDescription = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.openCompanionAppDescription = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.updateCompanionAppDescription = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.downloadCompanionAppDescription = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.unableToConnectTitle = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.unableToConnectDescription = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.initialPairingDescription = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.subsequentPairingDescription = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.retroactivePairingDescription = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription = null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set ImageUlr.
+         *
+         * @param imageUrl Image Ulr.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setImageUrl(@Nullable String imageUrl) {
+            mBuilderParcel.imageUrl = imageUrl;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set IntentUri.
+         *
+         * @param intentUri Intent uri.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setIntentUri(@Nullable String intentUri) {
+            mBuilderParcel.intentUri = intentUri;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set device name.
+         *
+         * @param name Device name.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setName(@Nullable String name) {
+            mBuilderParcel.name = name;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set ble transmission power.
+         *
+         * @param bleTxPower Ble transmission power.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setBleTxPower(int bleTxPower) {
+            mBuilderParcel.bleTxPower = bleTxPower;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set trigger distance.
+         *
+         * @param triggerDistance Fast Pair trigger distance.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setTriggerDistance(float triggerDistance) {
+            mBuilderParcel.triggerDistance = triggerDistance;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set image.
+         *
+         * @param image Fast Pair device image, which is submitted at device registration time to
+         *              display on notification. It is a 32-bit PNG with dimensions of
+         *              512px by 512px.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setImage(@Nullable byte[] image) {
+            mBuilderParcel.image = image;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set device type.
+         *
+         * @param deviceType Fast Pair device type.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setDeviceType(int deviceType) {
+            mBuilderParcel.deviceType = deviceType;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set true wireless image url for left bud.
+         *
+         * @param trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud True wireless image url for left bud.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setTrueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud(
+                @Nullable String trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud) {
+            mBuilderParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud = trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set true wireless image url for right bud.
+         *
+         * @param trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud True wireless image url for right bud.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setTrueWirelessImageUrlRightBud(
+                @Nullable String trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud) {
+            mBuilderParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud = trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set true wireless image url for case.
+         *
+         * @param trueWirelessImageUrlCase True wireless image url for case.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setTrueWirelessImageUrlCase(@Nullable String trueWirelessImageUrlCase) {
+            mBuilderParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlCase = trueWirelessImageUrlCase;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set InitialNotificationDescription.
+         *
+         * @param initialNotificationDescription Initial notification description.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setInitialNotificationDescription(
+                @Nullable String initialNotificationDescription) {
+            mBuilderParcel.initialNotificationDescription = initialNotificationDescription;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set InitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount.
+         *
+         * @param initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount Initial notification description when
+         *                                                account is not present.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount(
+                @Nullable String initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount) {
+            mBuilderParcel.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount =
+                    initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set OpenCompanionAppDescription.
+         *
+         * @param openCompanionAppDescription Description for opening companion app.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setOpenCompanionAppDescription(
+                @Nullable String openCompanionAppDescription) {
+            mBuilderParcel.openCompanionAppDescription = openCompanionAppDescription;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set UpdateCompanionAppDescription.
+         *
+         * @param updateCompanionAppDescription Description for updating companion app.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setUpdateCompanionAppDescription(
+                @Nullable String updateCompanionAppDescription) {
+            mBuilderParcel.updateCompanionAppDescription = updateCompanionAppDescription;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set DownloadCompanionAppDescription.
+         *
+         * @param downloadCompanionAppDescription Description for downloading companion app.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setDownloadCompanionAppDescription(
+                @Nullable String downloadCompanionAppDescription) {
+            mBuilderParcel.downloadCompanionAppDescription = downloadCompanionAppDescription;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set UnableToConnectTitle.
+         *
+         * @param unableToConnectTitle Title when Fast Pair device is unable to be connected to.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setUnableToConnectTitle(@Nullable String unableToConnectTitle) {
+            mBuilderParcel.unableToConnectTitle = unableToConnectTitle;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set UnableToConnectDescription.
+         *
+         * @param unableToConnectDescription Description when Fast Pair device is unable to be
+         *                                   connected to.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setUnableToConnectDescription(
+                @Nullable String unableToConnectDescription) {
+            mBuilderParcel.unableToConnectDescription = unableToConnectDescription;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set InitialPairingDescription.
+         *
+         * @param initialPairingDescription Description for Fast Pair initial pairing.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setInitialPairingDescription(@Nullable String initialPairingDescription) {
+            mBuilderParcel.initialPairingDescription = initialPairingDescription;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set ConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled.
+         *
+         * @param connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled Description that let user open the companion
+         *                                            app.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled(
+                @Nullable String connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled) {
+            mBuilderParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled =
+                    connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set ConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled.
+         *
+         * @param connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled Description that let user download the
+         *                                               companion app.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled(
+                @Nullable String connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled) {
+            mBuilderParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled =
+                    connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set SubsequentPairingDescription.
+         *
+         * @param subsequentPairingDescription Description that reminds user there is a paired
+         *                                     device nearby.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setSubsequentPairingDescription(
+                @Nullable String subsequentPairingDescription) {
+            mBuilderParcel.subsequentPairingDescription = subsequentPairingDescription;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set RetroactivePairingDescription.
+         *
+         * @param retroactivePairingDescription Description that reminds users opt in their device.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setRetroactivePairingDescription(
+                @Nullable String retroactivePairingDescription) {
+            mBuilderParcel.retroactivePairingDescription = retroactivePairingDescription;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set WaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription.
+         *
+         * @param waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription Description that indicates companion app is
+         *                                          about to launch.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setWaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription(
+                @Nullable String waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription) {
+            mBuilderParcel.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription =
+                    waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set FailConnectGoToSettingsDescription.
+         *
+         * @param failConnectGoToSettingsDescription Description that indicates go to bluetooth
+         *                                           settings when connection fail.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setFailConnectGoToSettingsDescription(
+                @Nullable String failConnectGoToSettingsDescription) {
+            mBuilderParcel.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription =
+                    failConnectGoToSettingsDescription;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Build {@link FastPairDeviceMetadata} with the currently set configuration.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public FastPairDeviceMetadata build() {
+            return new FastPairDeviceMetadata(mBuilderParcel);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDiscoveryItem.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDiscoveryItem.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8dfe29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairDiscoveryItem.java
@@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel;
+
+/**
+ * Class for FastPairDiscoveryItem and its builder.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class FastPairDiscoveryItem {
+
+    FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel mMetadataParcel;
+
+    FastPairDiscoveryItem(
+            FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel metadataParcel) {
+        this.mMetadataParcel = metadataParcel;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Id.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getId() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.id;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get MacAddress.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getMacAddress() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.macAddress;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get ActionUrl.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getActionUrl() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.actionUrl;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get DeviceName.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getDeviceName() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.deviceName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Title.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getTitle() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.title;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Description.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getDescription() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.description;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get DisplayUrl.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getDisplayUrl() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.displayUrl;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get LastObservationTimestampMillis.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public long getLastObservationTimestampMillis() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.lastObservationTimestampMillis;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get FirstObservationTimestampMillis.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public long getFirstObservationTimestampMillis() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.firstObservationTimestampMillis;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get State.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public int getState() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.state;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get ActionUrlType.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public int getActionUrlType() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.actionUrlType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Rssi.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public int getRssi() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.rssi;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get PendingAppInstallTimestampMillis.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public long getPendingAppInstallTimestampMillis() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get TxPower.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public int getTxPower() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.txPower;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get AppName.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getAppName() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.appName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get PackageName.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getPackageName() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.packageName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get TriggerId.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getTriggerId() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.triggerId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get IconPng, which is submitted at device registration time to display on notification. It is
+     * a 32-bit PNG with dimensions of 512px by 512px.
+     *
+     * @return IconPng in 32-bit PNG with dimensions of 512px by 512px.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getIconPng() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.iconPng;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get IconFifeUrl.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getIconFfeUrl() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.iconFifeUrl;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1, which is same as AntiSpoof public key, see
+     * <a href="https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec#data_format">Data Format</a>.
+     *
+     * @return 64-byte authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256r1() {
+        return mMetadataParcel.authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder used to create FastPairDiscoveryItem.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+
+        private final FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel mBuilderParcel;
+
+        /**
+         * Default constructor of Builder.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public Builder() {
+            mBuilderParcel = new FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Id.
+         *
+         * @param id Unique id.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setId(@Nullable String id) {
+            mBuilderParcel.id = id;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set MacAddress.
+         *
+         * @param macAddress Fast Pair device rotating mac address.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setMacAddress(@Nullable String macAddress) {
+            mBuilderParcel.macAddress = macAddress;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set ActionUrl.
+         *
+         * @param actionUrl Action Url of Fast Pair device.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setActionUrl(@Nullable String actionUrl) {
+            mBuilderParcel.actionUrl = actionUrl;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set DeviceName.
+         * @param deviceName Fast Pair device name.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setDeviceName(@Nullable String deviceName) {
+            mBuilderParcel.deviceName = deviceName;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Title.
+         *
+         * @param title Title of Fast Pair device.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setTitle(@Nullable String title) {
+            mBuilderParcel.title = title;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Description.
+         *
+         * @param description Description of Fast Pair device.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setDescription(@Nullable String description) {
+            mBuilderParcel.description = description;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set DisplayUrl.
+         *
+         * @param displayUrl Display Url of Fast Pair device.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setDisplayUrl(@Nullable String displayUrl) {
+            mBuilderParcel.displayUrl = displayUrl;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set LastObservationTimestampMillis.
+         *
+         * @param lastObservationTimestampMillis Last observed timestamp of Fast Pair device, keyed
+         *                                       by a rotating id.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setLastObservationTimestampMillis(
+                long lastObservationTimestampMillis) {
+            mBuilderParcel.lastObservationTimestampMillis = lastObservationTimestampMillis;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set FirstObservationTimestampMillis.
+         *
+         * @param firstObservationTimestampMillis First observed timestamp of Fast Pair device,
+         *                                        keyed by a rotating id.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setFirstObservationTimestampMillis(
+                long firstObservationTimestampMillis) {
+            mBuilderParcel.firstObservationTimestampMillis = firstObservationTimestampMillis;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set State.
+         *
+         * @param state Item's current state. e.g. if the item is blocked.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setState(int state) {
+            mBuilderParcel.state = state;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set ActionUrlType.
+         *
+         * @param actionUrlType The resolved url type for the action_url.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setActionUrlType(int actionUrlType) {
+            mBuilderParcel.actionUrlType = actionUrlType;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Rssi.
+         *
+         * @param rssi Beacon's RSSI value.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setRssi(int rssi) {
+            mBuilderParcel.rssi = rssi;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set PendingAppInstallTimestampMillis.
+         *
+         * @param pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis The timestamp when the user is redirected to App
+         *                                         Store after clicking on the item.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setPendingAppInstallTimestampMillis(long pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis) {
+            mBuilderParcel.pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis = pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set TxPower.
+         *
+         * @param txPower Beacon's tx power.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setTxPower(int txPower) {
+            mBuilderParcel.txPower = txPower;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set AppName.
+         *
+         * @param appName Human readable name of the app designated to open the uri.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setAppName(@Nullable String appName) {
+            mBuilderParcel.appName = appName;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set PackageName.
+         *
+         * @param packageName Package name of the App that owns this item.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setPackageName(@Nullable String packageName) {
+            mBuilderParcel.packageName = packageName;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set TriggerId.
+         *
+         * @param triggerId TriggerId identifies the trigger/beacon that is attached with a message.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setTriggerId(@Nullable String triggerId) {
+            mBuilderParcel.triggerId = triggerId;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set IconPng.
+         *
+         * @param iconPng Bytes of item icon in PNG format displayed in Discovery item list.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setIconPng(@Nullable byte[] iconPng) {
+            mBuilderParcel.iconPng = iconPng;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set IconFifeUrl.
+         *
+         * @param iconFifeUrl A FIFE URL of the item icon displayed in Discovery item list.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setIconFfeUrl(@Nullable String iconFifeUrl) {
+            mBuilderParcel.iconFifeUrl = iconFifeUrl;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1, which is same as AntiSpoof public key, see
+         * <a href="https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec#data_format">Data Format</a>
+         *
+         * @param authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1 64-byte Fast Pair device public key.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256r1(
+                @Nullable byte[] authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1) {
+            mBuilderParcel.authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1 = authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Build {@link FastPairDiscoveryItem} with the currently set configuration.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public FastPairDiscoveryItem build() {
+            return new FastPairDiscoveryItem(mBuilderParcel);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairEligibleAccount.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairEligibleAccount.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8be4cca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairEligibleAccount.java
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountParcel;
+
+/**
+ * Class for FastPairEligibleAccount and its builder.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class FastPairEligibleAccount {
+
+    FastPairEligibleAccountParcel mAccountParcel;
+
+    FastPairEligibleAccount(FastPairEligibleAccountParcel accountParcel) {
+        this.mAccountParcel = accountParcel;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get Account.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Account getAccount() {
+        return this.mAccountParcel.account;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get OptIn Status.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public boolean isOptIn() {
+        return this.mAccountParcel.optIn;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder used to create FastPairEligibleAccount.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+
+        private final FastPairEligibleAccountParcel mBuilderParcel;
+
+        /**
+         * Default constructor of Builder.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public Builder() {
+            mBuilderParcel = new FastPairEligibleAccountParcel();
+            mBuilderParcel.account = null;
+            mBuilderParcel.optIn = false;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Account.
+         *
+         * @param account Fast Pair eligible account.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setAccount(@Nullable Account account) {
+            mBuilderParcel.account = account;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether the account is opt into Fast Pair.
+         *
+         * @param optIn Whether the Fast Pair eligible account opts into Fast Pair.
+         * @return The builder, to facilitate chaining {@code builder.setXXX(..).setXXX(..)}.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setOptIn(boolean optIn) {
+            mBuilderParcel.optIn = optIn;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Build {@link FastPairEligibleAccount} with the currently set configuration.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public FastPairEligibleAccount build() {
+            return new FastPairEligibleAccount(mBuilderParcel);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairStatusCallback.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairStatusCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1567828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/FastPairStatusCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+
+/**
+ * Reports the pair status for an ongoing pair with a {@link FastPairDevice}.
+ * @hide
+ */
+public interface FastPairStatusCallback {
+
+    /** Reports a pair status related metadata associated with a {@link FastPairDevice} */
+    void onPairUpdate(@NonNull FastPairDevice fastPairDevice,
+            PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/IBroadcastListener.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/IBroadcastListener.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98c7e17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/IBroadcastListener.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+/**
+ * Callback when brodacast status changes.
+ *
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+oneway interface IBroadcastListener {
+    /** Called when the broadcast status changes. */
+    void onStatusChanged(int status);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/IFastPairHalfSheetCallback.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/IFastPairHalfSheetCallback.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e6fc87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/IFastPairHalfSheetCallback.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.content.Intent;
+/**
+  * Provides callback interface for halfsheet to send FastPair call back.
+  *
+  * {@hide}
+  */
+interface IFastPairHalfSheetCallback {
+     void onHalfSheetConnectionConfirm(in Intent intent);
+ }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/INearbyManager.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/INearbyManager.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0291fff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/INearbyManager.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.nearby.IBroadcastListener;
+import android.nearby.IScanListener;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequestParcelable;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+
+/**
+ * Interface for communicating with the nearby services.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+interface INearbyManager {
+
+    int registerScanListener(in ScanRequest scanRequest, in IScanListener listener,
+            String packageName, @nullable String attributionTag);
+
+    void unregisterScanListener(in IScanListener listener, String packageName, @nullable String attributionTag);
+
+    void startBroadcast(in BroadcastRequestParcelable broadcastRequest,
+            in IBroadcastListener callback, String packageName, @nullable String attributionTag);
+
+    void stopBroadcast(in IBroadcastListener callback, String packageName, @nullable String attributionTag);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/IScanListener.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/IScanListener.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e3b107
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/IScanListener.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+
+/**
+ * Binder callback for ScanCallback.
+ *
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+oneway interface IScanListener {
+        /** Reports a {@link NearbyDevice} being discovered. */
+        void onDiscovered(in NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable);
+
+        /** Reports a {@link NearbyDevice} information(distance, packet, and etc) changed. */
+        void onUpdated(in NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable);
+
+        /** Reports a {@link NearbyDevice} is no longer within range. */
+        void onLost(in NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable);
+
+        /** Reports when there is an error during scanning. */
+        void onError();
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyDevice.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyDevice.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8fcc28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyDevice.java
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.IntRange;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.util.ArraySet;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * A class represents a device that can be discovered by multiple mediums.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public abstract class NearbyDevice {
+
+    @Nullable
+    private final String mName;
+
+    @Medium
+    private final List<Integer> mMediums;
+
+    private final int mRssi;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new NearbyDevice.
+     *
+     * @param name Local device name. Can be {@code null} if there is no name.
+     * @param mediums The {@link Medium}s over which the device is discovered.
+     * @param rssi The received signal strength in dBm.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public NearbyDevice(@Nullable String name, List<Integer> mediums, int rssi) {
+        for (int medium : mediums) {
+            Preconditions.checkState(isValidMedium(medium),
+                    "Not supported medium: " + medium
+                            + ", scan medium must be one of NearbyDevice#Medium.");
+        }
+        mName = name;
+        mMediums = mediums;
+        mRssi = rssi;
+    }
+
+    static String mediumToString(@Medium int medium) {
+        switch (medium) {
+            case Medium.BLE:
+                return "BLE";
+            case Medium.BLUETOOTH:
+                return "Bluetooth Classic";
+            default:
+                return "Unknown";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * True if the medium is defined in {@link Medium}.
+     *
+     * @param medium Integer that may represent a medium type.
+     */
+    public static boolean isValidMedium(@Medium int medium) {
+        return medium == Medium.BLE
+                || medium == Medium.BLUETOOTH;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The name of the device, or null if not available.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getName() {
+        return mName;
+    }
+
+    /** The medium over which this device was discovered. */
+    @NonNull
+    @Medium public List<Integer> getMediums() {
+        return mMediums;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the received signal strength in dBm.
+     */
+    @IntRange(from = -127, to = 126)
+    public int getRssi() {
+        return mRssi;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
+        stringBuilder.append("NearbyDevice [");
+        if (mName != null && !mName.isEmpty()) {
+            stringBuilder.append("name=").append(mName).append(", ");
+        }
+        stringBuilder.append("medium={");
+        for (int medium : mMediums) {
+            stringBuilder.append(mediumToString(medium));
+        }
+        stringBuilder.append("} rssi=").append(mRssi);
+        stringBuilder.append("]");
+        return stringBuilder.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (!(other instanceof NearbyDevice)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        NearbyDevice otherDevice = (NearbyDevice) other;
+        Set<Integer> mediumSet = new ArraySet<>(mMediums);
+        Set<Integer> otherMediumSet = new ArraySet<>(otherDevice.mMediums);
+        if (!mediumSet.equals(otherMediumSet)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return Objects.equals(mName, otherDevice.mName) && mRssi == otherDevice.mRssi;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(mName, mMediums, mRssi);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The medium where a NearbyDevice was discovered on.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @IntDef({Medium.BLE, Medium.BLUETOOTH})
+    public @interface Medium {
+        int BLE = 1;
+        int BLUETOOTH = 2;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyDeviceParcelable.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyDeviceParcelable.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a88181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyDeviceParcelable.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2012, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.nearby;
+
+parcelable NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyDeviceParcelable.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyDeviceParcelable.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..180b662
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyDeviceParcelable.java
@@ -0,0 +1,587 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntRange;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanRecord;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * A data class representing scan result from Nearby Service. Scan result can come from multiple
+ * mediums like BLE, Wi-Fi Aware, and etc. A scan result consists of An encapsulation of various
+ * parameters for requesting nearby scans.
+ *
+ * <p>All scan results generated through {@link NearbyManager} are guaranteed to have a valid
+ * medium, identifier, timestamp (both UTC time and elapsed real-time since boot), and accuracy. All
+ * other parameters are optional.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public final class NearbyDeviceParcelable implements Parcelable {
+
+    /** Used to read a NearbyDeviceParcelable from a Parcel. */
+    @NonNull
+    public static final Creator<NearbyDeviceParcelable> CREATOR =
+            new Creator<NearbyDeviceParcelable>() {
+                @Override
+                public NearbyDeviceParcelable createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+                    Builder builder = new Builder();
+                    builder.setScanType(in.readInt());
+                    if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                        builder.setName(in.readString());
+                    }
+                    builder.setMedium(in.readInt());
+                    builder.setTxPower(in.readInt());
+                    builder.setRssi(in.readInt());
+                    builder.setAction(in.readInt());
+                    builder.setPublicCredential(
+                            in.readParcelable(
+                                    PublicCredential.class.getClassLoader(),
+                                    PublicCredential.class));
+                    if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                        builder.setFastPairModelId(in.readString());
+                    }
+                    if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                        builder.setBluetoothAddress(in.readString());
+                    }
+                    if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                        int dataLength = in.readInt();
+                        byte[] data = new byte[dataLength];
+                        in.readByteArray(data);
+                        builder.setData(data);
+                    }
+                    if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                        int saltLength = in.readInt();
+                        byte[] salt = new byte[saltLength];
+                        in.readByteArray(salt);
+                        builder.setData(salt);
+                    }
+                    if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                        builder.setPresenceDevice(in.readParcelable(
+                                PresenceDevice.class.getClassLoader(),
+                                PresenceDevice.class));
+                    }
+                    if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                        int encryptionKeyTagLength = in.readInt();
+                        byte[] keyTag = new byte[encryptionKeyTagLength];
+                        in.readByteArray(keyTag);
+                        builder.setData(keyTag);
+                    }
+                    return builder.build();
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public NearbyDeviceParcelable[] newArray(int size) {
+                    return new NearbyDeviceParcelable[size];
+                }
+            };
+
+    @ScanRequest.ScanType int mScanType;
+    @Nullable private final String mName;
+    @NearbyDevice.Medium private final int mMedium;
+    private final int mTxPower;
+    private final int mRssi;
+    private final int mAction;
+    private final PublicCredential mPublicCredential;
+    @Nullable private final String mBluetoothAddress;
+    @Nullable private final String mFastPairModelId;
+    @Nullable private final byte[] mData;
+    @Nullable private final byte[] mSalt;
+    @Nullable private final PresenceDevice mPresenceDevice;
+    @Nullable private final byte[] mEncryptionKeyTag;
+
+    private NearbyDeviceParcelable(
+            @ScanRequest.ScanType int scanType,
+            @Nullable String name,
+            int medium,
+            int TxPower,
+            int rssi,
+            int action,
+            PublicCredential publicCredential,
+            @Nullable String fastPairModelId,
+            @Nullable String bluetoothAddress,
+            @Nullable byte[] data,
+            @Nullable byte[] salt,
+            @Nullable PresenceDevice presenceDevice,
+            @Nullable byte[] encryptionKeyTag) {
+        mScanType = scanType;
+        mName = name;
+        mMedium = medium;
+        mTxPower = TxPower;
+        mRssi = rssi;
+        mAction = action;
+        mPublicCredential = publicCredential;
+        mFastPairModelId = fastPairModelId;
+        mBluetoothAddress = bluetoothAddress;
+        mData = data;
+        mSalt = salt;
+        mPresenceDevice = presenceDevice;
+        mEncryptionKeyTag = encryptionKeyTag;
+    }
+
+    /** No special parcel contents. */
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Flatten this NearbyDeviceParcelable in to a Parcel.
+     *
+     * @param dest The Parcel in which the object should be written.
+     * @param flags Additional flags about how the object should be written.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        dest.writeInt(mScanType);
+        dest.writeInt(mName == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (mName != null) {
+            dest.writeString(mName);
+        }
+        dest.writeInt(mMedium);
+        dest.writeInt(mTxPower);
+        dest.writeInt(mRssi);
+        dest.writeInt(mAction);
+        dest.writeParcelable(mPublicCredential, flags);
+        dest.writeInt(mFastPairModelId == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (mFastPairModelId != null) {
+            dest.writeString(mFastPairModelId);
+        }
+        dest.writeInt(mBluetoothAddress == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (mBluetoothAddress != null) {
+            dest.writeString(mBluetoothAddress);
+        }
+        dest.writeInt(mData == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (mData != null) {
+            dest.writeInt(mData.length);
+            dest.writeByteArray(mData);
+        }
+        dest.writeInt(mSalt == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (mSalt != null) {
+            dest.writeInt(mSalt.length);
+            dest.writeByteArray(mSalt);
+        }
+        dest.writeInt(mPresenceDevice == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (mPresenceDevice != null) {
+            dest.writeParcelable(mPresenceDevice, /* parcelableFlags= */ 0);
+        }
+        dest.writeInt(mEncryptionKeyTag == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (mEncryptionKeyTag != null) {
+            dest.writeInt(mEncryptionKeyTag.length);
+            dest.writeByteArray(mEncryptionKeyTag);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Returns a string representation of this ScanRequest. */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "NearbyDeviceParcelable["
+                + "scanType="
+                + mScanType
+                + ", name="
+                + mName
+                + ", medium="
+                + NearbyDevice.mediumToString(mMedium)
+                + ", txPower="
+                + mTxPower
+                + ", rssi="
+                + mRssi
+                + ", action="
+                + mAction
+                + ", bluetoothAddress="
+                + mBluetoothAddress
+                + ", fastPairModelId="
+                + mFastPairModelId
+                + ", data="
+                + Arrays.toString(mData)
+                + ", salt="
+                + Arrays.toString(mSalt)
+                + "]";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (other instanceof NearbyDeviceParcelable) {
+            NearbyDeviceParcelable otherNearbyDeviceParcelable = (NearbyDeviceParcelable) other;
+            return mScanType == otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mScanType
+                    && (Objects.equals(mName, otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mName))
+                    && (mMedium == otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mMedium)
+                    && (mTxPower == otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mTxPower)
+                    && (mRssi == otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mRssi)
+                    && (mAction == otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mAction)
+                    && (Objects.equals(
+                            mPublicCredential, otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mPublicCredential))
+                    && (Objects.equals(
+                            mBluetoothAddress, otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mBluetoothAddress))
+                    && (Objects.equals(
+                            mFastPairModelId, otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mFastPairModelId))
+                    && (Arrays.equals(mData, otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mData))
+                    && (Arrays.equals(mSalt, otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mSalt))
+                    && (Objects.equals(
+                            mPresenceDevice, otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mPresenceDevice))
+                    && (Arrays.equals(
+                            mEncryptionKeyTag, otherNearbyDeviceParcelable.mEncryptionKeyTag));
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(
+                mScanType,
+                mName,
+                mMedium,
+                mRssi,
+                mAction,
+                mPublicCredential.hashCode(),
+                mBluetoothAddress,
+                mFastPairModelId,
+                Arrays.hashCode(mData),
+                Arrays.hashCode(mSalt),
+                mPresenceDevice,
+                Arrays.hashCode(mEncryptionKeyTag));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the type of the scan.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @ScanRequest.ScanType
+    public int getScanType() {
+        return mScanType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the name of the NearbyDeviceParcelable. Returns {@code null} If there is no name.
+     *
+     * Used in Fast Pair.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getName() {
+        return mName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the {@link android.nearby.NearbyDevice.Medium} of the NearbyDeviceParcelable over which
+     * it is discovered.
+     *
+     * Used in Fast Pair and Nearby Presence.
+     */
+    @NearbyDevice.Medium
+    public int getMedium() {
+        return mMedium;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the transmission power in dBm.
+     *
+     * Used in Fast Pair.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @IntRange(from = -127, to = 126)
+    public int getTxPower() {
+        return mTxPower;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the received signal strength in dBm.
+     *
+     * Used in Fast Pair and Nearby Presence.
+     */
+    @IntRange(from = -127, to = 126)
+    public int getRssi() {
+        return mRssi;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the Action.
+     *
+     * Used in Nearby Presence.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @IntRange(from = -127, to = 126)
+    public int getAction() {
+        return mAction;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the public credential.
+     *
+     * Used in Nearby Presence.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public PublicCredential getPublicCredential() {
+        return mPublicCredential;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the Fast Pair identifier. Returns {@code null} if there is no Model ID or this is not a
+     * Fast Pair device.
+     *
+     * Used in Fast Pair.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getFastPairModelId() {
+        return mFastPairModelId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the Bluetooth device hardware address. Returns {@code null} if the device is not
+     * discovered by Bluetooth.
+     *
+     * Used in Fast Pair.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getBluetoothAddress() {
+        return mBluetoothAddress;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the raw data from the scanning.
+     * Returns {@code null} if there is no extra data or this is not a Fast Pair device.
+     *
+     * Used in Fast Pair.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getData() {
+        return mData;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the salt in the advertisement from the Nearby Presence device.
+     * Returns {@code null} if this is not a Nearby Presence device.
+     *
+     * Used in Nearby Presence.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getSalt() {
+        return mSalt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the {@link PresenceDevice} Nearby Presence device. This field is
+     * for Fast Pair client only.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public PresenceDevice getPresenceDevice() {
+        return mPresenceDevice;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the encryption key tag calculated from advertisement
+     * Returns {@code null} if the data is not encrypted or this is not a Presence device.
+     *
+     * Used in Presence.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getEncryptionKeyTag() {
+        return mEncryptionKeyTag;
+    }
+
+    /** Builder class for {@link NearbyDeviceParcelable}. */
+    public static final class Builder {
+        @Nullable private String mName;
+        @NearbyDevice.Medium private int mMedium;
+        private int mTxPower;
+        private int mRssi;
+        private int mAction;
+        private PublicCredential mPublicCredential;
+        @ScanRequest.ScanType int mScanType;
+        @Nullable private String mFastPairModelId;
+        @Nullable private String mBluetoothAddress;
+        @Nullable private byte[] mData;
+        @Nullable private byte[] mSalt;
+        @Nullable private PresenceDevice mPresenceDevice;
+        @Nullable private byte[] mEncryptionKeyTag;
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the scan type of the NearbyDeviceParcelable.
+         *
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public Builder setScanType(@ScanRequest.ScanType int scanType) {
+            mScanType = scanType;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the name of the scanned device.
+         *
+         * @param name The local name of the scanned device.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setName(@Nullable String name) {
+            mName = name;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the medium over which the device is discovered.
+         *
+         * @param medium The {@link NearbyDevice.Medium} over which the device is discovered.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setMedium(@NearbyDevice.Medium int medium) {
+            mMedium = medium;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the transmission power of the discovered device.
+         *
+         * @param txPower The transmission power in dBm.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setTxPower(int txPower) {
+            mTxPower = txPower;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the RSSI between scanned device and the discovered device.
+         *
+         * @param rssi The received signal strength in dBm.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setRssi(@IntRange(from = -127, to = 126) int rssi) {
+            mRssi = rssi;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the action from the discovered device.
+         *
+         * @param action The action of the discovered device.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setAction(int action) {
+            mAction = action;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the public credential of the discovered device.
+         *
+         * @param publicCredential The public credential.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setPublicCredential(@NonNull PublicCredential publicCredential) {
+            mPublicCredential = publicCredential;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the Fast Pair model Id.
+         *
+         * @param fastPairModelId Fast Pair device identifier.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setFastPairModelId(@Nullable String fastPairModelId) {
+            mFastPairModelId = fastPairModelId;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the bluetooth address.
+         *
+         * @param bluetoothAddress The hardware address of the bluetooth device.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setBluetoothAddress(@Nullable String bluetoothAddress) {
+            mBluetoothAddress = bluetoothAddress;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the scanned raw data.
+         *
+         * @param data raw data scanned, like {@link ScanRecord#getServiceData()} if scanned by
+         *             Bluetooth.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setData(@Nullable byte[] data) {
+            mData = data;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the encryption key tag calculated from the advertisement.
+         *
+         * @param encryptionKeyTag calculated from identity scanned from the advertisement
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setEncryptionKeyTag(@Nullable byte[] encryptionKeyTag) {
+            mEncryptionKeyTag = encryptionKeyTag;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the slat in the advertisement from the Nearby Presence device.
+         *
+         * @param salt in the advertisement from the Nearby Presence device.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setSalt(@Nullable byte[] salt) {
+            mSalt = salt;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the {@link PresenceDevice} if there is any.
+         * The current {@link NearbyDeviceParcelable} can be seen as the wrapper of the
+         * {@link PresenceDevice}.
+         */
+        @Nullable
+        public Builder setPresenceDevice(@Nullable PresenceDevice presenceDevice) {
+            mPresenceDevice = presenceDevice;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Builds a ScanResult. */
+        @NonNull
+        public NearbyDeviceParcelable build() {
+            return new NearbyDeviceParcelable(
+                    mScanType,
+                    mName,
+                    mMedium,
+                    mTxPower,
+                    mRssi,
+                    mAction,
+                    mPublicCredential,
+                    mFastPairModelId,
+                    mBluetoothAddress,
+                    mData,
+                    mSalt,
+                    mPresenceDevice,
+                    mEncryptionKeyTag);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyFrameworkInitializer.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyFrameworkInitializer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b732d67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyFrameworkInitializer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.app.SystemServiceRegistry;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+/**
+ * Class for performing registration for all Nearby services.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi(client = SystemApi.Client.MODULE_LIBRARIES)
+public final class NearbyFrameworkInitializer {
+
+    private NearbyFrameworkInitializer() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Called by {@link SystemServiceRegistry}'s static initializer and registers all
+     * Nearby services to {@link Context}, so that {@link Context#getSystemService} can return them.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if this is called from anywhere besides
+     * {@link SystemServiceRegistry}
+     */
+    public static void registerServiceWrappers() {
+        SystemServiceRegistry.registerContextAwareService(
+                Context.NEARBY_SERVICE,
+                NearbyManager.class,
+                (context, serviceBinder) -> {
+                    INearbyManager service = INearbyManager.Stub.asInterface(serviceBinder);
+                    return new NearbyManager(context, service);
+                }
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyManager.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68d2151
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/NearbyManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,402 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.Manifest;
+import android.annotation.CallbackExecutor;
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
+import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.annotation.SystemService;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.provider.Settings;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.WeakHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides a way to perform Nearby related operations such as scanning, broadcasting
+ * and connecting to nearby devices.
+ *
+ * <p> To get a {@link NearbyManager} instance, call the
+ * <code>Context.getSystemService(NearbyManager.class)</code>.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+@SystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE)
+public class NearbyManager {
+
+    /**
+     * Represents the scanning state.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @IntDef({
+            ScanStatus.UNKNOWN,
+            ScanStatus.SUCCESS,
+            ScanStatus.ERROR,
+    })
+    public @interface ScanStatus {
+        // Default, invalid state.
+        int UNKNOWN = 0;
+        // The successful state.
+        int SUCCESS = 1;
+        // Failed state.
+        int ERROR = 2;
+    }
+
+    private static final String TAG = "NearbyManager";
+
+    /**
+     * Whether allows Fast Pair to scan.
+     *
+     * (0 = disabled, 1 = enabled)
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static final String FAST_PAIR_SCAN_ENABLED = "fast_pair_scan_enabled";
+
+    @GuardedBy("sScanListeners")
+    private static final WeakHashMap<ScanCallback, WeakReference<ScanListenerTransport>>
+            sScanListeners = new WeakHashMap<>();
+    @GuardedBy("sBroadcastListeners")
+    private static final WeakHashMap<BroadcastCallback, WeakReference<BroadcastListenerTransport>>
+            sBroadcastListeners = new WeakHashMap<>();
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final INearbyManager mService;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new NearbyManager.
+     *
+     * @param service the service object
+     */
+    NearbyManager(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull INearbyManager service) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(context);
+        Objects.requireNonNull(service);
+        mContext = context;
+        mService = service;
+    }
+
+    private static NearbyDevice toClientNearbyDevice(
+            NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable,
+            @ScanRequest.ScanType int scanType) {
+        if (scanType == ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR) {
+            return new FastPairDevice.Builder()
+                    .setName(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getName())
+                    .addMedium(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getMedium())
+                    .setRssi(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getRssi())
+                    .setTxPower(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getTxPower())
+                    .setModelId(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getFastPairModelId())
+                    .setBluetoothAddress(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getBluetoothAddress())
+                    .setData(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getData()).build();
+        }
+
+        if (scanType == ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE) {
+            PresenceDevice presenceDevice = nearbyDeviceParcelable.getPresenceDevice();
+            if (presenceDevice == null) {
+                Log.e(TAG,
+                        "Cannot find any Presence device in discovered NearbyDeviceParcelable");
+            }
+            return presenceDevice;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start scan for nearby devices with given parameters. Devices matching {@link ScanRequest}
+     * will be delivered through the given callback.
+     *
+     * @param scanRequest various parameters clients send when requesting scanning
+     * @param executor executor where the listener method is called
+     * @param scanCallback the callback to notify clients when there is a scan result
+     *
+     * @return whether scanning was successfully started
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(allOf = {android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN,
+            android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED})
+    @ScanStatus
+    public int startScan(@NonNull ScanRequest scanRequest,
+            @CallbackExecutor @NonNull Executor executor,
+            @NonNull ScanCallback scanCallback) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(scanRequest, "scanRequest must not be null");
+        Objects.requireNonNull(scanCallback, "scanCallback must not be null");
+        Objects.requireNonNull(executor, "executor must not be null");
+
+        try {
+            synchronized (sScanListeners) {
+                WeakReference<ScanListenerTransport> reference = sScanListeners.get(scanCallback);
+                ScanListenerTransport transport = reference != null ? reference.get() : null;
+                if (transport == null) {
+                    transport = new ScanListenerTransport(scanRequest.getScanType(), scanCallback,
+                            executor);
+                } else {
+                    Preconditions.checkState(transport.isRegistered());
+                    transport.setExecutor(executor);
+                }
+                @ScanStatus int status = mService.registerScanListener(scanRequest, transport,
+                        mContext.getPackageName(), mContext.getAttributionTag());
+                if (status != ScanStatus.SUCCESS) {
+                    return status;
+                }
+                sScanListeners.put(scanCallback, new WeakReference<>(transport));
+                return ScanStatus.SUCCESS;
+            }
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stops the nearby device scan for the specified callback. The given callback
+     * is guaranteed not to receive any invocations that happen after this method
+     * is invoked.
+     *
+     * Suppressed lint: Registration methods should have overload that accepts delivery Executor.
+     * Already have executor in startScan() method.
+     *
+     * @param scanCallback the callback that was used to start the scan
+     */
+    @SuppressLint("ExecutorRegistration")
+    @RequiresPermission(allOf = {android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN,
+            android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED})
+    public void stopScan(@NonNull ScanCallback scanCallback) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(scanCallback != null,
+                "invalid null scanCallback");
+        try {
+            synchronized (sScanListeners) {
+                WeakReference<ScanListenerTransport> reference = sScanListeners.remove(
+                        scanCallback);
+                ScanListenerTransport transport = reference != null ? reference.get() : null;
+                if (transport != null) {
+                    transport.unregister();
+                    mService.unregisterScanListener(transport, mContext.getPackageName(),
+                            mContext.getAttributionTag());
+                } else {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Cannot stop scan with this callback "
+                            + "because it is never registered.");
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start broadcasting the request using nearby specification.
+     *
+     * @param broadcastRequest request for the nearby broadcast
+     * @param executor executor for running the callback
+     * @param callback callback for notifying the client
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(allOf = {Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE,
+            android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED})
+    public void startBroadcast(@NonNull BroadcastRequest broadcastRequest,
+            @CallbackExecutor @NonNull Executor executor, @NonNull BroadcastCallback callback) {
+        try {
+            synchronized (sBroadcastListeners) {
+                WeakReference<BroadcastListenerTransport> reference = sBroadcastListeners.get(
+                        callback);
+                BroadcastListenerTransport transport = reference != null ? reference.get() : null;
+                if (transport == null) {
+                    transport = new BroadcastListenerTransport(callback, executor);
+                } else {
+                    Preconditions.checkState(transport.isRegistered());
+                    transport.setExecutor(executor);
+                }
+                mService.startBroadcast(new BroadcastRequestParcelable(broadcastRequest), transport,
+                        mContext.getPackageName(), mContext.getAttributionTag());
+                sBroadcastListeners.put(callback, new WeakReference<>(transport));
+            }
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stop the broadcast associated with the given callback.
+     *
+     * @param callback the callback that was used for starting the broadcast
+     */
+    @SuppressLint("ExecutorRegistration")
+    @RequiresPermission(allOf = {Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE,
+            android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED})
+    public void stopBroadcast(@NonNull BroadcastCallback callback) {
+        try {
+            synchronized (sBroadcastListeners) {
+                WeakReference<BroadcastListenerTransport> reference = sBroadcastListeners.remove(
+                        callback);
+                BroadcastListenerTransport transport = reference != null ? reference.get() : null;
+                if (transport != null) {
+                    transport.unregister();
+                    mService.stopBroadcast(transport, mContext.getPackageName(),
+                            mContext.getAttributionTag());
+                } else {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Cannot stop broadcast with this callback "
+                            + "because it is never registered.");
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Read from {@link Settings} whether Fast Pair scan is enabled.
+     *
+     * @param context the {@link Context} to query the setting
+     * @return whether the Fast Pair is enabled
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static boolean getFastPairScanEnabled(@NonNull Context context) {
+        final int enabled = Settings.Secure.getInt(
+                context.getContentResolver(), FAST_PAIR_SCAN_ENABLED, 0);
+        return enabled != 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Write into {@link Settings} whether Fast Pair scan is enabled
+     *
+     * @param context the {@link Context} to set the setting
+     * @param enable whether the Fast Pair scan should be enabled
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS)
+    public static void setFastPairScanEnabled(@NonNull Context context, boolean enable) {
+        Settings.Secure.putInt(
+                context.getContentResolver(), FAST_PAIR_SCAN_ENABLED, enable ? 1 : 0);
+    }
+
+    private static class ScanListenerTransport extends IScanListener.Stub {
+
+        private @ScanRequest.ScanType int mScanType;
+        private volatile @Nullable ScanCallback mScanCallback;
+        private Executor mExecutor;
+
+        ScanListenerTransport(@ScanRequest.ScanType int scanType, ScanCallback scanCallback,
+                @CallbackExecutor Executor executor) {
+            Preconditions.checkArgument(scanCallback != null,
+                    "invalid null callback");
+            Preconditions.checkState(ScanRequest.isValidScanType(scanType),
+                    "invalid scan type : " + scanType
+                            + ", scan type must be one of ScanRequest#SCAN_TYPE_");
+            mScanType = scanType;
+            mScanCallback = scanCallback;
+            mExecutor = executor;
+        }
+
+        void setExecutor(Executor executor) {
+            Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                    executor != null, "invalid null executor");
+            mExecutor = executor;
+        }
+
+        boolean isRegistered() {
+            return mScanCallback != null;
+        }
+
+        void unregister() {
+            mScanCallback = null;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDiscovered(NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable)
+                throws RemoteException {
+            mExecutor.execute(() -> {
+                if (mScanCallback != null) {
+                    mScanCallback.onDiscovered(
+                            toClientNearbyDevice(nearbyDeviceParcelable, mScanType));
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onUpdated(NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable)
+                throws RemoteException {
+            mExecutor.execute(() -> {
+                if (mScanCallback != null) {
+                    mScanCallback.onUpdated(
+                            toClientNearbyDevice(nearbyDeviceParcelable, mScanType));
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onLost(NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable) throws RemoteException {
+            mExecutor.execute(() -> {
+                if (mScanCallback != null) {
+                    mScanCallback.onLost(
+                            toClientNearbyDevice(nearbyDeviceParcelable, mScanType));
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onError() {
+            mExecutor.execute(() -> {
+                if (mScanCallback != null) {
+                    Log.e("NearbyManager", "onError: There is an error in scan.");
+                }
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class BroadcastListenerTransport extends IBroadcastListener.Stub {
+        private volatile @Nullable BroadcastCallback mBroadcastCallback;
+        private Executor mExecutor;
+
+        BroadcastListenerTransport(BroadcastCallback broadcastCallback,
+                @CallbackExecutor Executor executor) {
+            mBroadcastCallback = broadcastCallback;
+            mExecutor = executor;
+        }
+
+        void setExecutor(Executor executor) {
+            Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                    executor != null, "invalid null executor");
+            mExecutor = executor;
+        }
+
+        boolean isRegistered() {
+            return mBroadcastCallback != null;
+        }
+
+        void unregister() {
+            mBroadcastCallback = null;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onStatusChanged(int status) {
+            mExecutor.execute(() -> {
+                if (mBroadcastCallback != null) {
+                    mBroadcastCallback.onStatusChanged(status);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PairStatusMetadata.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PairStatusMetadata.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..911a300
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PairStatusMetadata.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+/**
+ * Metadata about an ongoing paring. Wraps transient data like status and progress.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+parcelable PairStatusMetadata;
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PairStatusMetadata.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PairStatusMetadata.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..438cd6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PairStatusMetadata.java
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Metadata about an ongoing paring. Wraps transient data like status and progress.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public final class PairStatusMetadata implements Parcelable {
+
+    @Status
+    private final int mStatus;
+
+    /** The status of the pairing. */
+    @IntDef({
+            Status.UNKNOWN,
+            Status.SUCCESS,
+            Status.FAIL,
+            Status.DISMISS
+    })
+    public @interface Status {
+        int UNKNOWN = 1000;
+        int SUCCESS = 1001;
+        int FAIL = 1002;
+        int DISMISS = 1003;
+    }
+
+    /** Converts the status to readable string. */
+    public static String statusToString(@Status int status) {
+        switch (status) {
+            case Status.SUCCESS:
+                return "SUCCESS";
+            case Status.FAIL:
+                return "FAIL";
+            case Status.DISMISS:
+                return "DISMISS";
+            case Status.UNKNOWN:
+            default:
+                return "UNKNOWN";
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getStatus() {
+        return mStatus;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "PairStatusMetadata[ status=" + statusToString(mStatus) + "]";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (other instanceof PairStatusMetadata) {
+            return mStatus == ((PairStatusMetadata) other).mStatus;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(mStatus);
+    }
+
+    public PairStatusMetadata(@Status int status) {
+        mStatus = status;
+    }
+
+    public static final Creator<PairStatusMetadata> CREATOR = new Creator<PairStatusMetadata>() {
+        @Override
+        public PairStatusMetadata createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+            return new PairStatusMetadata(in.readInt());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public PairStatusMetadata[] newArray(int size) {
+            return new PairStatusMetadata[size];
+        }
+    };
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getStability() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        dest.writeInt(mStatus);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceBroadcastRequest.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceBroadcastRequest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d01be06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceBroadcastRequest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntRange;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Request for Nearby Presence Broadcast.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public final class PresenceBroadcastRequest extends BroadcastRequest implements Parcelable {
+    private final byte[] mSalt;
+    private final List<Integer> mActions;
+    private final PrivateCredential mCredential;
+    private final List<DataElement> mExtendedProperties;
+
+    private PresenceBroadcastRequest(@BroadcastVersion int version, int txPower,
+            List<Integer> mediums, byte[] salt, List<Integer> actions,
+            PrivateCredential credential, List<DataElement> extendedProperties) {
+        super(BROADCAST_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE, version, txPower, mediums);
+        mSalt = salt;
+        mActions = actions;
+        mCredential = credential;
+        mExtendedProperties = extendedProperties;
+    }
+
+    private PresenceBroadcastRequest(Parcel in) {
+        super(BROADCAST_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE, in);
+        mSalt = new byte[in.readInt()];
+        in.readByteArray(mSalt);
+
+        mActions = new ArrayList<>();
+        in.readList(mActions, Integer.class.getClassLoader(), Integer.class);
+        mCredential = in.readParcelable(PrivateCredential.class.getClassLoader(),
+                PrivateCredential.class);
+        mExtendedProperties = new ArrayList<>();
+        in.readList(mExtendedProperties, DataElement.class.getClassLoader(), DataElement.class);
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    public static final Creator<PresenceBroadcastRequest> CREATOR =
+            new Creator<PresenceBroadcastRequest>() {
+                @Override
+                public PresenceBroadcastRequest createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+                    // Skip Broadcast request type - it's used by parent class.
+                    in.readInt();
+                    return createFromParcelBody(in);
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public PresenceBroadcastRequest[] newArray(int size) {
+                    return new PresenceBroadcastRequest[size];
+                }
+            };
+
+    static PresenceBroadcastRequest createFromParcelBody(Parcel in) {
+        return new PresenceBroadcastRequest(in);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the salt associated with this broadcast request.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getSalt() {
+        return mSalt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns actions associated with this broadcast request.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public List<Integer> getActions() {
+        return mActions;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the private credential associated with this broadcast request.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public PrivateCredential getCredential() {
+        return mCredential;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns extended property information associated with this broadcast request.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public List<DataElement> getExtendedProperties() {
+        return mExtendedProperties;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        super.writeToParcel(dest, flags);
+        dest.writeInt(mSalt.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mSalt);
+        dest.writeList(mActions);
+        dest.writeParcelable(mCredential, /** parcelableFlags= */0);
+        dest.writeList(mExtendedProperties);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder for {@link PresenceBroadcastRequest}.
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+        private final List<Integer> mMediums;
+        private final List<Integer> mActions;
+        private final List<DataElement> mExtendedProperties;
+        private final byte[] mSalt;
+        private final PrivateCredential mCredential;
+
+        private int mVersion;
+        private int mTxPower;
+
+        public Builder(@NonNull List<Integer> mediums, @NonNull byte[] salt,
+                @NonNull PrivateCredential credential) {
+            Preconditions.checkState(!mediums.isEmpty(), "mediums cannot be empty");
+            Preconditions.checkState(salt != null && salt.length > 0, "salt cannot be empty");
+
+            mVersion = PRESENCE_VERSION_V0;
+            mTxPower = UNKNOWN_TX_POWER;
+            mCredential = credential;
+            mActions = new ArrayList<>();
+            mExtendedProperties = new ArrayList<>();
+
+            mSalt = salt;
+            mMediums = mediums;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the version for this request.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setVersion(@BroadcastVersion int version) {
+            mVersion = version;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the calibrated tx power level in dBm for this request. The tx power level should
+         * be between -127 dBm and 126 dBm.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setTxPower(@IntRange(from = -127, to = 126) int txPower) {
+            mTxPower = txPower;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Adds an action for the presence broadcast request.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder addAction(@IntRange(from = 1, to = 255) int action) {
+            mActions.add(action);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Adds an extended property for the presence broadcast request.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder addExtendedProperty(@NonNull DataElement dataElement) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(dataElement);
+            mExtendedProperties.add(dataElement);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builds a {@link PresenceBroadcastRequest}.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public PresenceBroadcastRequest build() {
+            return new PresenceBroadcastRequest(mVersion, mTxPower, mMediums, mSalt, mActions,
+                    mCredential, mExtendedProperties);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceCredential.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceCredential.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a3cc1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceCredential.java
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a credential for Nearby Presence.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public abstract class PresenceCredential {
+    /** Private credential type. */
+    public static final int CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PRIVATE = 0;
+
+    /** Public credential type. */
+    public static final int CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PUBLIC = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * @hide *
+     */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef({CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PUBLIC, CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PRIVATE})
+    public @interface CredentialType {}
+
+    /** Unknown identity type. */
+    public static final int IDENTITY_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0;
+
+    /** Private identity type. */
+    public static final int IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE = 1;
+    /** Provisioned identity type. */
+    public static final int IDENTITY_TYPE_PROVISIONED = 2;
+    /** Trusted identity type. */
+    public static final int IDENTITY_TYPE_TRUSTED = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * @hide *
+     */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef({
+        IDENTITY_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
+        IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE,
+        IDENTITY_TYPE_PROVISIONED,
+        IDENTITY_TYPE_TRUSTED
+    })
+    public @interface IdentityType {}
+
+    private final @CredentialType int mType;
+    private final @IdentityType int mIdentityType;
+    private final byte[] mSecretId;
+    private final byte[] mAuthenticityKey;
+    private final List<CredentialElement> mCredentialElements;
+
+    PresenceCredential(
+            @CredentialType int type,
+            @IdentityType int identityType,
+            byte[] secretId,
+            byte[] authenticityKey,
+            List<CredentialElement> credentialElements) {
+        mType = type;
+        mIdentityType = identityType;
+        mSecretId = secretId;
+        mAuthenticityKey = authenticityKey;
+        mCredentialElements = credentialElements;
+    }
+
+    PresenceCredential(@CredentialType int type, Parcel in) {
+        mType = type;
+        mIdentityType = in.readInt();
+        mSecretId = new byte[in.readInt()];
+        in.readByteArray(mSecretId);
+        mAuthenticityKey = new byte[in.readInt()];
+        in.readByteArray(mAuthenticityKey);
+        mCredentialElements = new ArrayList<>();
+        in.readList(
+                mCredentialElements,
+                CredentialElement.class.getClassLoader(),
+                CredentialElement.class);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the type of the credential. */
+    public @CredentialType int getType() {
+        return mType;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the identity type of the credential. */
+    public @IdentityType int getIdentityType() {
+        return mIdentityType;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the secret id of the credential. */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getSecretId() {
+        return mSecretId;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the authenticity key of the credential. */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getAuthenticityKey() {
+        return mAuthenticityKey;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the elements of the credential. */
+    @NonNull
+    public List<CredentialElement> getCredentialElements() {
+        return mCredentialElements;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        if (obj instanceof PresenceCredential) {
+            PresenceCredential that = (PresenceCredential) obj;
+            return mType == that.mType
+                    && mIdentityType == that.mIdentityType
+                    && Arrays.equals(mSecretId, that.mSecretId)
+                    && Arrays.equals(mAuthenticityKey, that.mAuthenticityKey)
+                    && mCredentialElements.equals(that.mCredentialElements);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(
+                mType,
+                mIdentityType,
+                Arrays.hashCode(mSecretId),
+                Arrays.hashCode(mAuthenticityKey),
+                mCredentialElements.hashCode());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes the presence credential to the parcel.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        dest.writeInt(mType);
+        dest.writeInt(mIdentityType);
+        dest.writeInt(mSecretId.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mSecretId);
+        dest.writeInt(mAuthenticityKey.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mAuthenticityKey);
+        dest.writeList(mCredentialElements);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceDevice.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceDevice.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7efa5e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceDevice.java
@@ -0,0 +1,427 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a Presence device from nearby scans.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public final class PresenceDevice extends NearbyDevice implements Parcelable {
+
+    /** The type of presence device. */
+    /** @hide **/
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef({
+            DeviceType.UNKNOWN,
+            DeviceType.PHONE,
+            DeviceType.TABLET,
+            DeviceType.DISPLAY,
+            DeviceType.LAPTOP,
+            DeviceType.TV,
+            DeviceType.WATCH,
+    })
+    public @interface DeviceType {
+        /** The type of the device is unknown. */
+        int UNKNOWN = 0;
+        /** The device is a phone. */
+        int PHONE = 1;
+        /** The device is a tablet. */
+        int TABLET = 2;
+        /** The device is a display. */
+        int DISPLAY = 3;
+        /** The device is a laptop. */
+        int LAPTOP = 4;
+        /** The device is a TV. */
+        int TV = 5;
+        /** The device is a watch. */
+        int WATCH = 6;
+    }
+
+    private final String mDeviceId;
+    private final byte[] mSalt;
+    private final byte[] mSecretId;
+    private final byte[] mEncryptedIdentity;
+    private final int mDeviceType;
+    private final String mDeviceImageUrl;
+    private final long mDiscoveryTimestampMillis;
+    private final List<DataElement> mExtendedProperties;
+
+    /**
+     * The id of the device.
+     *
+     * <p>This id is not a hardware id. It may rotate based on the remote device's broadcasts.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public String getDeviceId() {
+        return mDeviceId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the salt used when presence device is discovered.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getSalt() {
+        return mSalt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the secret used when presence device is discovered.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getSecretId() {
+        return mSecretId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the encrypted identity used when presence device is discovered.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getEncryptedIdentity() {
+        return mEncryptedIdentity;
+    }
+
+    /** The type of the device. */
+    @DeviceType
+    public int getDeviceType() {
+        return mDeviceType;
+    }
+
+    /** An image URL representing the device. */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getDeviceImageUrl() {
+        return mDeviceImageUrl;
+    }
+
+    /** The timestamp (since boot) when the device is discovered. */
+    public long getDiscoveryTimestampMillis() {
+        return mDiscoveryTimestampMillis;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The extended properties of the device.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public List<DataElement> getExtendedProperties() {
+        return mExtendedProperties;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This can only be hidden because this is the System API,
+     * which cannot be changed in T timeline.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (other instanceof PresenceDevice) {
+            PresenceDevice otherDevice = (PresenceDevice) other;
+            if (super.equals(otherDevice)) {
+                return Arrays.equals(mSalt, otherDevice.mSalt)
+                        && Arrays.equals(mSecretId, otherDevice.mSecretId)
+                        && Arrays.equals(mEncryptedIdentity, otherDevice.mEncryptedIdentity)
+                        && Objects.equals(mDeviceId, otherDevice.mDeviceId)
+                        && mDeviceType == otherDevice.mDeviceType
+                        && Objects.equals(mDeviceImageUrl, otherDevice.mDeviceImageUrl)
+                        && mDiscoveryTimestampMillis == otherDevice.mDiscoveryTimestampMillis
+                        && Objects.equals(mExtendedProperties, otherDevice.mExtendedProperties);
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This can only be hidden because this is the System API,
+     * which cannot be changed in T timeline.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     *
+     * @return The unique hash value of the {@link PresenceDevice}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(
+                getName(),
+                getMediums(),
+                getRssi(),
+                Arrays.hashCode(mSalt),
+                Arrays.hashCode(mSecretId),
+                Arrays.hashCode(mEncryptedIdentity),
+                mDeviceId,
+                mDeviceType,
+                mDeviceImageUrl,
+                mDiscoveryTimestampMillis,
+                mExtendedProperties);
+    }
+
+    private PresenceDevice(String deviceName, List<Integer> mMediums, int rssi, String deviceId,
+            byte[] salt, byte[] secretId, byte[] encryptedIdentity, int deviceType,
+            String deviceImageUrl, long discoveryTimestampMillis,
+            List<DataElement> extendedProperties) {
+        super(deviceName, mMediums, rssi);
+        mDeviceId = deviceId;
+        mSalt = salt;
+        mSecretId = secretId;
+        mEncryptedIdentity = encryptedIdentity;
+        mDeviceType = deviceType;
+        mDeviceImageUrl = deviceImageUrl;
+        mDiscoveryTimestampMillis = discoveryTimestampMillis;
+        mExtendedProperties = extendedProperties;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        String name = getName();
+        dest.writeInt(name == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (name != null) {
+            dest.writeString(name);
+        }
+        List<Integer> mediums = getMediums();
+        dest.writeInt(mediums.size());
+        for (int medium : mediums) {
+            dest.writeInt(medium);
+        }
+        dest.writeInt(getRssi());
+        dest.writeInt(mSalt.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mSalt);
+        dest.writeInt(mSecretId.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mSecretId);
+        dest.writeInt(mEncryptedIdentity.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mEncryptedIdentity);
+        dest.writeString(mDeviceId);
+        dest.writeInt(mDeviceType);
+        dest.writeInt(mDeviceImageUrl == null ? 0 : 1);
+        if (mDeviceImageUrl != null) {
+            dest.writeString(mDeviceImageUrl);
+        }
+        dest.writeLong(mDiscoveryTimestampMillis);
+        dest.writeInt(mExtendedProperties.size());
+        for (DataElement dataElement : mExtendedProperties) {
+            dest.writeParcelable(dataElement, 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    public static final Creator<PresenceDevice> CREATOR = new Creator<PresenceDevice>() {
+        @Override
+        public PresenceDevice createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+            String name = null;
+            if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                name = in.readString();
+            }
+            int size = in.readInt();
+            List<Integer> mediums = new ArrayList<>();
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                mediums.add(in.readInt());
+            }
+            int rssi = in.readInt();
+            byte[] salt = new byte[in.readInt()];
+            in.readByteArray(salt);
+            byte[] secretId = new byte[in.readInt()];
+            in.readByteArray(secretId);
+            byte[] encryptedIdentity = new byte[in.readInt()];
+            in.readByteArray(encryptedIdentity);
+            String deviceId = in.readString();
+            int deviceType = in.readInt();
+            String deviceImageUrl = null;
+            if (in.readInt() == 1) {
+                deviceImageUrl = in.readString();
+            }
+            long discoveryTimeMillis = in.readLong();
+            int dataElementSize = in.readInt();
+            List<DataElement> dataElements = new ArrayList<>();
+            for (int i = 0; i < dataElementSize; i++) {
+                dataElements.add(
+                        in.readParcelable(DataElement.class.getClassLoader(), DataElement.class));
+            }
+            Builder builder = new Builder(deviceId, salt, secretId, encryptedIdentity)
+                    .setName(name)
+                    .setRssi(rssi)
+                    .setDeviceType(deviceType)
+                    .setDeviceImageUrl(deviceImageUrl)
+                    .setDiscoveryTimestampMillis(discoveryTimeMillis);
+            for (int i = 0; i < mediums.size(); i++) {
+                builder.addMedium(mediums.get(i));
+            }
+            for (int i = 0; i < dataElements.size(); i++) {
+                builder.addExtendedProperty(dataElements.get(i));
+            }
+            return builder.build();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public PresenceDevice[] newArray(int size) {
+            return new PresenceDevice[size];
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Builder class for {@link PresenceDevice}.
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+
+        private final List<DataElement> mExtendedProperties;
+        private final List<Integer> mMediums;
+        private final String mDeviceId;
+        private final byte[] mSalt;
+        private final byte[] mSecretId;
+        private final byte[] mEncryptedIdentity;
+
+        private String mName;
+        private int mRssi;
+        private int mDeviceType;
+        private String mDeviceImageUrl;
+        private long mDiscoveryTimestampMillis;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs a {@link Builder}.
+         *
+         * @param deviceId the identifier on the discovered Presence device
+         * @param salt a random salt used in the beacon from the Presence device.
+         * @param secretId a secret identifier used in the beacon from the Presence device.
+         * @param encryptedIdentity the identity associated with the Presence device.
+         */
+        public Builder(@NonNull String deviceId, @NonNull byte[] salt, @NonNull byte[] secretId,
+                @NonNull byte[] encryptedIdentity) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(deviceId);
+            Objects.requireNonNull(salt);
+            Objects.requireNonNull(secretId);
+            Objects.requireNonNull(encryptedIdentity);
+
+            mDeviceId = deviceId;
+            mSalt = salt;
+            mSecretId = secretId;
+            mEncryptedIdentity = encryptedIdentity;
+            mMediums = new ArrayList<>();
+            mExtendedProperties = new ArrayList<>();
+            mRssi = -127;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the name of the Presence device.
+         *
+         * @param name Name of the Presence. Can be {@code null} if there is no name.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setName(@Nullable String name) {
+            mName = name;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Adds the medium over which the Presence device is discovered.
+         *
+         * @param medium The {@link Medium} over which the device is discovered.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder addMedium(@Medium int medium) {
+            mMediums.add(medium);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the RSSI on the discovered Presence device.
+         *
+         * @param rssi The received signal strength in dBm.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setRssi(int rssi) {
+            mRssi = rssi;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the type of discovered Presence device.
+         *
+         * @param deviceType Type of the Presence device.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setDeviceType(@DeviceType int deviceType) {
+            mDeviceType = deviceType;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the image url of the discovered Presence device.
+         *
+         * @param deviceImageUrl Url of the image for the Presence device.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setDeviceImageUrl(@Nullable String deviceImageUrl) {
+            mDeviceImageUrl = deviceImageUrl;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+
+        /**
+         * Sets discovery timestamp, the clock is based on elapsed time.
+         *
+         * @param discoveryTimestampMillis Timestamp when the presence device is discovered.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setDiscoveryTimestampMillis(long discoveryTimestampMillis) {
+            mDiscoveryTimestampMillis = discoveryTimestampMillis;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+
+        /**
+         * Adds an extended property of the discovered presence device.
+         *
+         * @param dataElement Data element of the extended property.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder addExtendedProperty(@NonNull DataElement dataElement) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(dataElement);
+            mExtendedProperties.add(dataElement);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builds a Presence device.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public PresenceDevice build() {
+            return new PresenceDevice(mName, mMediums, mRssi, mDeviceId,
+                    mSalt, mSecretId, mEncryptedIdentity,
+                    mDeviceType,
+                    mDeviceImageUrl,
+                    mDiscoveryTimestampMillis, mExtendedProperties);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceScanFilter.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceScanFilter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50e97b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PresenceScanFilter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntRange;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.util.ArraySet;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * Filter for scanning a nearby presence device.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public final class PresenceScanFilter extends ScanFilter implements Parcelable {
+
+    private final List<PublicCredential> mCredentials;
+    private final List<Integer> mPresenceActions;
+    private final List<DataElement> mExtendedProperties;
+
+    /**
+     * A list of credentials to filter on.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public List<PublicCredential> getCredentials() {
+        return mCredentials;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A list of presence actions for matching.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public List<Integer> getPresenceActions() {
+        return mPresenceActions;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A bundle of extended properties for matching.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public List<DataElement> getExtendedProperties() {
+        return mExtendedProperties;
+    }
+
+    private PresenceScanFilter(int rssiThreshold, List<PublicCredential> credentials,
+            List<Integer> presenceActions, List<DataElement> extendedProperties) {
+        super(ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE, rssiThreshold);
+        mCredentials = new ArrayList<>(credentials);
+        mPresenceActions = new ArrayList<>(presenceActions);
+        mExtendedProperties = new ArrayList<>(extendedProperties);
+    }
+
+    private PresenceScanFilter(Parcel in) {
+        super(ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE, in);
+        mCredentials = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (in.readInt() != 0) {
+            in.readParcelableList(mCredentials, PublicCredential.class.getClassLoader(),
+                    PublicCredential.class);
+        }
+        mPresenceActions = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (in.readInt() != 0) {
+            in.readList(mPresenceActions, Integer.class.getClassLoader(), Integer.class);
+        }
+        mExtendedProperties = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (in.readInt() != 0) {
+            in.readParcelableList(mExtendedProperties, DataElement.class.getClassLoader(),
+                    DataElement.class);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    public static final Creator<PresenceScanFilter> CREATOR = new Creator<PresenceScanFilter>() {
+        @Override
+        public PresenceScanFilter createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+            // Skip Scan Filter type as it's used for parent class.
+            in.readInt();
+            return createFromParcelBody(in);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public PresenceScanFilter[] newArray(int size) {
+            return new PresenceScanFilter[size];
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Create a {@link PresenceScanFilter} from the parcel body. Scan Filter type is skipped.
+     */
+    static PresenceScanFilter createFromParcelBody(Parcel in) {
+        return new PresenceScanFilter(in);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        super.writeToParcel(dest, flags);
+        dest.writeInt(mCredentials.size());
+        if (!mCredentials.isEmpty()) {
+            dest.writeParcelableList(mCredentials, 0);
+        }
+        dest.writeInt(mPresenceActions.size());
+        if (!mPresenceActions.isEmpty()) {
+            dest.writeList(mPresenceActions);
+        }
+        dest.writeInt(mExtendedProperties.size());
+        if (!mExtendedProperties.isEmpty()) {
+            dest.writeParcelableList(mExtendedProperties, 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder for {@link PresenceScanFilter}.
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+        private int mMaxPathLoss;
+        private final Set<PublicCredential> mCredentials;
+        private final Set<Integer> mPresenceIdentities;
+        private final Set<Integer> mPresenceActions;
+        private final List<DataElement> mExtendedProperties;
+
+        public Builder() {
+            mMaxPathLoss = 127;
+            mCredentials = new ArraySet<>();
+            mPresenceIdentities = new ArraySet<>();
+            mPresenceActions = new ArraySet<>();
+            mExtendedProperties = new ArrayList<>();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the max path loss (in dBm) for the scan request. The path loss is the attenuation
+         * of radio energy between sender and receiver. Path loss here is defined as (TxPower -
+         * Rssi).
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setMaxPathLoss(@IntRange(from = 0, to = 127) int maxPathLoss) {
+            mMaxPathLoss = maxPathLoss;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Adds a credential the scan filter is expected to match.
+         */
+
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder addCredential(@NonNull PublicCredential credential) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(credential);
+            mCredentials.add(credential);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Adds a presence action for filtering, which is an action the discoverer could take
+         * when it receives the broadcast of a presence device.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder addPresenceAction(@IntRange(from = 1, to = 255) int action) {
+            mPresenceActions.add(action);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Add an extended property for scan filtering.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder addExtendedProperty(@NonNull DataElement dataElement) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(dataElement);
+            mExtendedProperties.add(dataElement);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builds the scan filter.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public PresenceScanFilter build() {
+            Preconditions.checkState(!mCredentials.isEmpty(), "credentials cannot be empty");
+            return new PresenceScanFilter(mMaxPathLoss,
+                    new ArrayList<>(mCredentials),
+                    new ArrayList<>(mPresenceActions),
+                    mExtendedProperties);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PrivateCredential.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PrivateCredential.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d915cc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PrivateCredential.java
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a private credential.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public final class PrivateCredential extends PresenceCredential implements Parcelable {
+
+    @NonNull
+    public static final Creator<PrivateCredential> CREATOR = new Creator<PrivateCredential>() {
+        @Override
+        public PrivateCredential createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+            in.readInt(); // Skip the type as it's used by parent class only.
+            return createFromParcelBody(in);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public PrivateCredential[] newArray(int size) {
+            return new PrivateCredential[size];
+        }
+    };
+
+    private byte[] mMetadataEncryptionKey;
+    private String mDeviceName;
+
+    private PrivateCredential(Parcel in) {
+        super(CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PRIVATE, in);
+        mMetadataEncryptionKey = new byte[in.readInt()];
+        in.readByteArray(mMetadataEncryptionKey);
+        mDeviceName = in.readString();
+    }
+
+    private PrivateCredential(int identityType, byte[] secretId,
+            String deviceName, byte[] authenticityKey, List<CredentialElement> credentialElements,
+            byte[] metadataEncryptionKey) {
+        super(CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PRIVATE, identityType, secretId, authenticityKey,
+                credentialElements);
+        mDeviceName = deviceName;
+        mMetadataEncryptionKey = metadataEncryptionKey;
+    }
+
+    static PrivateCredential createFromParcelBody(Parcel in) {
+        return new PrivateCredential(in);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        super.writeToParcel(dest, flags);
+        dest.writeInt(mMetadataEncryptionKey.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mMetadataEncryptionKey);
+        dest.writeString(mDeviceName);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the metadata encryption key associated with this credential.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getMetadataEncryptionKey() {
+        return mMetadataEncryptionKey;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the device name associated with this credential.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public String getDeviceName() {
+        return mDeviceName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder class for {@link PresenceCredential}.
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+        private final List<CredentialElement> mCredentialElements;
+
+        private @IdentityType int mIdentityType;
+        private final byte[] mSecretId;
+        private final byte[] mAuthenticityKey;
+        private final byte[] mMetadataEncryptionKey;
+        private final String mDeviceName;
+
+        public Builder(@NonNull byte[] secretId, @NonNull byte[] authenticityKey,
+                @NonNull byte[] metadataEncryptionKey, @NonNull String deviceName) {
+            Preconditions.checkState(secretId != null && secretId.length > 0,
+                    "secret id cannot be empty");
+            Preconditions.checkState(authenticityKey != null && authenticityKey.length > 0,
+                    "authenticity key cannot be empty");
+            Preconditions.checkState(
+                    metadataEncryptionKey != null && metadataEncryptionKey.length > 0,
+                    "metadataEncryptionKey cannot be empty");
+            Preconditions.checkState(deviceName != null && deviceName.length() > 0,
+                    "deviceName cannot be empty");
+            mSecretId = secretId;
+            mAuthenticityKey = authenticityKey;
+            mMetadataEncryptionKey = metadataEncryptionKey;
+            mDeviceName = deviceName;
+            mCredentialElements = new ArrayList<>();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the identity type for the presence credential.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setIdentityType(@IdentityType int identityType) {
+            mIdentityType = identityType;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Adds an element to the credential.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder addCredentialElement(@NonNull CredentialElement credentialElement) {
+            mCredentialElements.add(credentialElement);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builds the {@link PresenceCredential}.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public PrivateCredential build() {
+            return new PrivateCredential(mIdentityType, mSecretId, mDeviceName,
+                    mAuthenticityKey, mCredentialElements, mMetadataEncryptionKey);
+        }
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PublicCredential.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PublicCredential.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5998d19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/PublicCredential.java
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a public credential.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public final class PublicCredential extends PresenceCredential implements Parcelable {
+    @NonNull
+    public static final Creator<PublicCredential> CREATOR =
+            new Creator<PublicCredential>() {
+                @Override
+                public PublicCredential createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+                    in.readInt(); // Skip the type as it's used by parent class only.
+                    return createFromParcelBody(in);
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public PublicCredential[] newArray(int size) {
+                    return new PublicCredential[size];
+                }
+            };
+
+    private final byte[] mPublicKey;
+    private final byte[] mEncryptedMetadata;
+    private final byte[] mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag;
+
+    private PublicCredential(
+            int identityType,
+            byte[] secretId,
+            byte[] authenticityKey,
+            List<CredentialElement> credentialElements,
+            byte[] publicKey,
+            byte[] encryptedMetadata,
+            byte[] metadataEncryptionKeyTag) {
+        super(CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PUBLIC, identityType, secretId, authenticityKey, credentialElements);
+        mPublicKey = publicKey;
+        mEncryptedMetadata = encryptedMetadata;
+        mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag = metadataEncryptionKeyTag;
+    }
+
+    private PublicCredential(Parcel in) {
+        super(CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PUBLIC, in);
+        mPublicKey = new byte[in.readInt()];
+        in.readByteArray(mPublicKey);
+        mEncryptedMetadata = new byte[in.readInt()];
+        in.readByteArray(mEncryptedMetadata);
+        mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag = new byte[in.readInt()];
+        in.readByteArray(mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag);
+    }
+
+    static PublicCredential createFromParcelBody(Parcel in) {
+        return new PublicCredential(in);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the public key associated with this credential. */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getPublicKey() {
+        return mPublicKey;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the encrypted metadata associated with this credential. */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getEncryptedMetadata() {
+        return mEncryptedMetadata;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the metadata encryption key tag associated with this credential. */
+    @NonNull
+    public byte[] getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag() {
+        return mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) {
+        if (obj instanceof PublicCredential) {
+            PublicCredential that = (PublicCredential) obj;
+            return super.equals(obj)
+                    && Arrays.equals(mPublicKey, that.mPublicKey)
+                    && Arrays.equals(mEncryptedMetadata, that.mEncryptedMetadata)
+                    && Arrays.equals(mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag, that.mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(
+                super.hashCode(),
+                Arrays.hashCode(mPublicKey),
+                Arrays.hashCode(mEncryptedMetadata),
+                Arrays.hashCode(mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        super.writeToParcel(dest, flags);
+        dest.writeInt(mPublicKey.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mPublicKey);
+        dest.writeInt(mEncryptedMetadata.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mEncryptedMetadata);
+        dest.writeInt(mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag.length);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag);
+    }
+
+    /** Builder class for {@link PresenceCredential}. */
+    public static final class Builder {
+        private final List<CredentialElement> mCredentialElements;
+
+        private @IdentityType int mIdentityType;
+        private final byte[] mSecretId;
+        private final byte[] mAuthenticityKey;
+        private final byte[] mPublicKey;
+        private final byte[] mEncryptedMetadata;
+        private final byte[] mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag;
+
+        public Builder(
+                @NonNull byte[] secretId,
+                @NonNull byte[] authenticityKey,
+                @NonNull byte[] publicKey,
+                @NonNull byte[] encryptedMetadata,
+                @NonNull byte[] encryptedMetadataKeyTag) {
+            Preconditions.checkState(
+                    secretId != null && secretId.length > 0, "secret id cannot be empty");
+            Preconditions.checkState(
+                    authenticityKey != null && authenticityKey.length > 0,
+                    "authenticity key cannot be empty");
+            Preconditions.checkState(
+                    publicKey != null && publicKey.length > 0, "publicKey cannot be empty");
+            Preconditions.checkState(
+                    encryptedMetadata != null && encryptedMetadata.length > 0,
+                    "encryptedMetadata cannot be empty");
+            Preconditions.checkState(
+                    encryptedMetadataKeyTag != null && encryptedMetadataKeyTag.length > 0,
+                    "encryptedMetadataKeyTag cannot be empty");
+
+            mSecretId = secretId;
+            mAuthenticityKey = authenticityKey;
+            mPublicKey = publicKey;
+            mEncryptedMetadata = encryptedMetadata;
+            mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag = encryptedMetadataKeyTag;
+            mCredentialElements = new ArrayList<>();
+        }
+
+        /** Sets the identity type for the presence credential. */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setIdentityType(@IdentityType int identityType) {
+            mIdentityType = identityType;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Adds an element to the credential. */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder addCredentialElement(@NonNull CredentialElement credentialElement) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(credentialElement);
+            mCredentialElements.add(credentialElement);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Builds the {@link PresenceCredential}. */
+        @NonNull
+        public PublicCredential build() {
+            return new PublicCredential(
+                    mIdentityType,
+                    mSecretId,
+                    mAuthenticityKey,
+                    mCredentialElements,
+                    mPublicKey,
+                    mEncryptedMetadata,
+                    mEncryptedMetadataKeyTag);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanCallback.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b1b4bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+
+/**
+ * Reports newly discovered devices.
+ * Note: The frequency of the callback is dependent on whether the caller
+ * is in the foreground or background. Foreground callbacks will occur
+ * as fast as the underlying medium supports, whereas background
+ * use cases will be rate limited to improve performance (ie, only on
+ * found/lost/significant changes).
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public interface ScanCallback {
+    /**
+     * Reports a {@link NearbyDevice} being discovered.
+     *
+     * @param device {@link NearbyDevice} that is found.
+     */
+    void onDiscovered(@NonNull NearbyDevice device);
+
+    /**
+     * Reports a {@link NearbyDevice} information(distance, packet, and etc) changed.
+     *
+     * @param device {@link NearbyDevice} that has updates.
+     */
+    void onUpdated(@NonNull NearbyDevice device);
+
+    /**
+     * Reports a {@link NearbyDevice} is no longer within range.
+     *
+     * @param device {@link NearbyDevice} that is lost.
+     */
+    void onLost(@NonNull NearbyDevice device);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanFilter.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanFilter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1409426
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanFilter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.annotation.IntRange;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+/**
+ * Filter for scanning a nearby device.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public abstract class ScanFilter {
+    /**
+     * Creates a {@link ScanFilter} from the parcel.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static ScanFilter createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+        int type = in.readInt();
+        switch (type) {
+            // Currently, only Nearby Presence filtering is supported, in the future
+            // filtering other nearby specifications will be added.
+            case ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE:
+                return PresenceScanFilter.createFromParcelBody(in);
+            default:
+                throw new IllegalStateException(
+                        "Unexpected scan type (value " + type + ") in parcel.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final @ScanRequest.ScanType int mType;
+    private final int mMaxPathLoss;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a Scan Filter.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    ScanFilter(@ScanRequest.ScanType int type, @IntRange(from = 0, to = 127) int maxPathLoss) {
+        mType = type;
+        mMaxPathLoss = maxPathLoss;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a Scan Filter.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    ScanFilter(@ScanRequest.ScanType int type, Parcel in) {
+        mType = type;
+        mMaxPathLoss = in.readInt();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the type of this scan filter.
+     */
+    public @ScanRequest.ScanType int getType() {
+        return mType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the maximum path loss (in dBm) of the received scan result. The path loss is the
+     * attenuation of radio energy between sender and receiver. Path loss here is defined as
+     * (TxPower - Rssi).
+     */
+    @IntRange(from = 0, to = 127)
+    public int getMaxPathLoss() {
+        return mMaxPathLoss;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * Writes the scan filter to the parcel.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        dest.writeInt(mType);
+        dest.writeInt(mMaxPathLoss);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanRequest.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanRequest.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..438dfed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanRequest.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+parcelable ScanRequest;
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanRequest.java b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanRequest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c717ac7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/ScanRequest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,361 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import android.Manifest;
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.os.WorkSource;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * An encapsulation of various parameters for requesting nearby scans.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@SystemApi
+public final class ScanRequest implements Parcelable {
+
+    /** Scan type for scanning devices using fast pair protocol. */
+    public static final int SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR = 1;
+    /** Scan type for scanning devices using nearby presence protocol. */
+    public static final int SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE = 2;
+
+    /** Scan mode uses highest duty cycle. */
+    public static final int SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY = 2;
+    /** Scan in balanced power mode.
+     *  Scan results are returned at a rate that provides a good trade-off between scan
+     *  frequency and power consumption.
+     */
+    public static final int SCAN_MODE_BALANCED = 1;
+    /** Perform scan in low power mode. This is the default scan mode. */
+    public static final int SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER = 0;
+    /**
+     * A special scan mode. Applications using this scan mode will passively listen for other scan
+     * results without starting BLE scans themselves.
+     */
+    public static final int SCAN_MODE_NO_POWER = -1;
+    /**
+     * Used to read a ScanRequest from a Parcel.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public static final Creator<ScanRequest> CREATOR = new Creator<ScanRequest>() {
+        @Override
+        public ScanRequest createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+            ScanRequest.Builder builder = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                    .setScanType(in.readInt())
+                    .setScanMode(in.readInt())
+                    .setBleEnabled(in.readBoolean())
+                    .setWorkSource(in.readTypedObject(WorkSource.CREATOR));
+            final int size = in.readInt();
+            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                builder.addScanFilter(ScanFilter.createFromParcel(in));
+            }
+            return builder.build();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public ScanRequest[] newArray(int size) {
+            return new ScanRequest[size];
+        }
+    };
+
+    private final @ScanType int mScanType;
+    private final @ScanMode int mScanMode;
+    private final boolean mBleEnabled;
+    private final @NonNull WorkSource mWorkSource;
+    private final List<ScanFilter> mScanFilters;
+
+    private ScanRequest(@ScanType int scanType, @ScanMode int scanMode, boolean bleEnabled,
+            @NonNull WorkSource workSource, List<ScanFilter> scanFilters) {
+        mScanType = scanType;
+        mScanMode = scanMode;
+        mBleEnabled = bleEnabled;
+        mWorkSource = workSource;
+        mScanFilters = scanFilters;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert scan mode to readable string.
+     *
+     * @param scanMode Integer that may represent a{@link ScanMode}.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public static String scanModeToString(@ScanMode int scanMode) {
+        switch (scanMode) {
+            case SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY:
+                return "SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY";
+            case SCAN_MODE_BALANCED:
+                return "SCAN_MODE_BALANCED";
+            case SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER:
+                return "SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER";
+            case SCAN_MODE_NO_POWER:
+                return "SCAN_MODE_NO_POWER";
+            default:
+                return "SCAN_MODE_INVALID";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if an integer is a defined scan type.
+     */
+    public static boolean isValidScanType(@ScanType int scanType) {
+        return scanType == SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR
+                || scanType == SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if an integer is a defined scan mode.
+     */
+    public static boolean isValidScanMode(@ScanMode int scanMode) {
+        return scanMode == SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY
+                || scanMode == SCAN_MODE_BALANCED
+                || scanMode == SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER
+                || scanMode == SCAN_MODE_NO_POWER;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the scan type for this request.
+     */
+    public @ScanType int getScanType() {
+        return mScanType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the scan mode for this request.
+     */
+    public @ScanMode int getScanMode() {
+        return mScanMode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns if Bluetooth Low Energy enabled for scanning.
+     */
+    public boolean isBleEnabled() {
+        return mBleEnabled;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns Scan Filters for this request.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public List<ScanFilter> getScanFilters() {
+        return mScanFilters;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the work source used for power attribution of this request.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    @NonNull
+    public WorkSource getWorkSource() {
+        return mWorkSource;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * No special parcel contents.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a string representation of this ScanRequest.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
+        stringBuilder.append("Request[")
+                .append("scanType=").append(mScanType);
+        stringBuilder.append(", scanMode=").append(scanModeToString(mScanMode));
+        stringBuilder.append(", enableBle=").append(mBleEnabled);
+        stringBuilder.append(", workSource=").append(mWorkSource);
+        stringBuilder.append(", scanFilters=").append(mScanFilters);
+        stringBuilder.append("]");
+        return stringBuilder.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        dest.writeInt(mScanType);
+        dest.writeInt(mScanMode);
+        dest.writeBoolean(mBleEnabled);
+        dest.writeTypedObject(mWorkSource, /* parcelableFlags= */0);
+        final int size = mScanFilters.size();
+        dest.writeInt(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            mScanFilters.get(i).writeToParcel(dest, flags);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (other instanceof ScanRequest) {
+            ScanRequest otherRequest = (ScanRequest) other;
+            return mScanType == otherRequest.mScanType
+                    && (mScanMode == otherRequest.mScanMode)
+                    && (mBleEnabled == otherRequest.mBleEnabled)
+                    && (Objects.equals(mWorkSource, otherRequest.mWorkSource));
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(mScanType, mScanMode, mBleEnabled, mWorkSource);
+    }
+
+    /** @hide **/
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef({SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR, SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE})
+    public @interface ScanType {
+    }
+
+    /** @hide **/
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef({SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY, SCAN_MODE_BALANCED,
+            SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER,
+            SCAN_MODE_NO_POWER})
+    public @interface ScanMode {}
+
+    /** A builder class for {@link ScanRequest}. */
+    public static final class Builder {
+        private static final int INVALID_SCAN_TYPE = -1;
+        private @ScanType int mScanType;
+        private @ScanMode int mScanMode;
+
+        private boolean mBleEnabled;
+        private WorkSource mWorkSource;
+        private List<ScanFilter> mScanFilters;
+
+        /** Creates a new Builder with the given scan type. */
+        public Builder() {
+            mScanType = INVALID_SCAN_TYPE;
+            mBleEnabled = true;
+            mWorkSource = new WorkSource();
+            mScanFilters = new ArrayList<>();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the scan type for the request. The scan type must be one of the SCAN_TYPE_ constants
+         * in {@link ScanRequest}.
+         *
+         * @param scanType The scan type for the request
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setScanType(@ScanType int scanType) {
+            mScanType = scanType;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the scan mode for the request. The scan type must be one of the SCAN_MODE_ constants
+         * in {@link ScanRequest}.
+         *
+         * @param scanMode The scan mode for the request
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setScanMode(@ScanMode int scanMode) {
+            mScanMode = scanMode;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets if the ble is enabled for scanning.
+         *
+         * @param bleEnabled If the BluetoothLe is enabled in the device.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder setBleEnabled(boolean bleEnabled) {
+            mBleEnabled = bleEnabled;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets the work source to use for power attribution for this scan request. Defaults to
+         * empty work source, which implies the caller that sends the scan request will be used
+         * for power attribution.
+         *
+         * <p>Permission enforcement occurs when the resulting scan request is used, not when
+         * this method is invoked.
+         *
+         * @param workSource identifying the application(s) for which to blame for the scan.
+         * @hide
+         */
+        @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS)
+        @NonNull
+        @SystemApi
+        public Builder setWorkSource(@Nullable WorkSource workSource) {
+            if (workSource == null) {
+                mWorkSource = new WorkSource();
+            } else {
+                mWorkSource = workSource;
+            }
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Adds a scan filter to the request. Client can call this method multiple times to add
+         * more than one scan filter. Scan results that match any of these scan filters will
+         * be returned.
+         *
+         * <p>On devices with hardware support, scan filters can significantly improve the battery
+         * usage of Nearby scans.
+         *
+         * @param scanFilter Filter for scanning the request.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public Builder addScanFilter(@NonNull ScanFilter scanFilter) {
+            Objects.requireNonNull(scanFilter);
+            mScanFilters.add(scanFilter);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builds a scan request from this builder.
+         *
+         * @return a new nearby scan request.
+         * @throws IllegalStateException if the scanType is not one of the SCAN_TYPE_ constants in
+         *                               {@link ScanRequest}.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public ScanRequest build() {
+            Preconditions.checkState(isValidScanType(mScanType),
+                    "invalid scan type : " + mScanType
+                            + ", scan type must be one of ScanRequest#SCAN_TYPE_");
+            Preconditions.checkState(isValidScanMode(mScanMode),
+                    "invalid scan mode : " + mScanMode
+                            + ", scan mode must be one of ScanMode#SCAN_MODE_");
+            return new ScanRequest(mScanType, mScanMode, mBleEnabled, mWorkSource, mScanFilters);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/ByteArrayParcel.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/ByteArrayParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53c73bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/ByteArrayParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+/**
+ * This is to support 2D byte arrays.
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+parcelable ByteArrayParcel {
+    byte[] byteArray;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc3ba22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.nearby.aidl.ByteArrayParcel;
+
+/**
+ * Request details for Metadata of Fast Pair devices associated with an account.
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+parcelable FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel {
+    Account account;
+    ByteArrayParcel[] deviceAccountKeys;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8014323
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel;
+
+/**
+ * Metadata of a Fast Pair device associated with an account.
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+ // TODO(b/204780849): remove unnecessary fields and polish comments.
+parcelable FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel {
+    // Key of the Fast Pair device associated with the account.
+    byte[] deviceAccountKey;
+    // Hash function of device account key and public bluetooth address.
+    byte[] sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress;
+    // Fast Pair device metadata for the Fast Pair device.
+    FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel metadata;
+    // Fast Pair discovery item tied to both the Fast Pair device and the
+    // account.
+    FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel discoveryItem;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fd4d4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel;
+
+/**
+ * Metadata of a Fast Pair device keyed by AntispoofKey,
+ * Used by initial pairing without account association.
+ *
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+parcelable FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel {
+    // Anti-spoof public key.
+    byte[] antispoofPublicKey;
+
+    // Fast Pair device metadata for the Fast Pair device.
+    FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel deviceMetadata;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..afdcf15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+/**
+ * Request details for metadata of a Fast Pair device keyed by either
+ * antispoofKey or modelId.
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+parcelable FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel {
+    byte[] modelId;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d90f6a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+/**
+ * Fast Pair Device Metadata for a given device model ID.
+ * @hide
+ */
+// TODO(b/204780849): remove unnecessary fields and polish comments.
+parcelable FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel {
+    // The image to show on the notification.
+    String imageUrl;
+
+    // The intent that will be launched via the notification.
+    String intentUri;
+
+    // The transmit power of the device's BLE chip.
+    int bleTxPower;
+
+    // The distance that the device must be within to show a notification.
+    // If no distance is set, we default to 0.6 meters. Only Nearby admins can
+    // change this.
+    float triggerDistance;
+
+    // The image icon that shows in the notification.
+    byte[] image;
+
+    // The name of the device.
+    String name;
+
+    int deviceType;
+
+    // The image urls for device with device type "true wireless".
+    String trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud;
+    String trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud;
+    String trueWirelessImageUrlCase;
+
+    // The notification description for when the device is initially discovered.
+    String initialNotificationDescription;
+
+    // The notification description for when the device is initially discovered
+    // and no account is logged in.
+    String initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount;
+
+    // The notification description for once we have finished pairing and the
+    // companion app has been opened. For Bisto devices, this String will point
+    // users to setting up the assistant.
+    String openCompanionAppDescription;
+
+    // The notification description for once we have finished pairing and the
+    // companion app needs to be updated before use.
+    String updateCompanionAppDescription;
+
+    // The notification description for once we have finished pairing and the
+    // companion app needs to be installed.
+    String downloadCompanionAppDescription;
+
+    // The notification title when a pairing fails.
+    String unableToConnectTitle;
+
+    // The notification summary when a pairing fails.
+    String unableToConnectDescription;
+
+    // The description that helps user initially paired with device.
+    String initialPairingDescription;
+
+    // The description that let user open the companion app.
+    String connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled;
+
+    // The description that let user download the companion app.
+    String connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled;
+
+    // The description that reminds user there is a paired device nearby.
+    String subsequentPairingDescription;
+
+    // The description that reminds users opt in their device.
+    String retroactivePairingDescription;
+
+    // The description that indicates companion app is about to launch.
+    String waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription;
+
+    // The description that indicates go to bluetooth settings when connection
+    // fail.
+    String failConnectGoToSettingsDescription;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cc2daa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+/**
+ * Fast Pair Discovery Item.
+ * @hide
+ */
+// TODO(b/204780849): remove unnecessary fields and polish comments.
+parcelable FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel {
+  // Offline item: unique ID generated on client.
+  // Online item: unique ID generated on server.
+  String id;
+
+  // The most recent all upper case mac associated with this item.
+  // (Mac-to-DiscoveryItem is a many-to-many relationship)
+  String macAddress;
+
+  String actionUrl;
+
+  // The bluetooth device name from advertisement
+  String deviceName;
+
+  // Item's title
+  String title;
+
+  // Item's description.
+  String description;
+
+  // The URL for display
+  String displayUrl;
+
+  // Client timestamp when the beacon was last observed in BLE scan.
+  long lastObservationTimestampMillis;
+
+  // Client timestamp when the beacon was first observed in BLE scan.
+  long firstObservationTimestampMillis;
+
+  // Item's current state. e.g. if the item is blocked.
+  int state;
+
+  // The resolved url type for the action_url.
+  int actionUrlType;
+
+  // The timestamp when the user is redirected to Play Store after clicking on
+  // the item.
+  long pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis;
+
+  // Beacon's RSSI value
+  int rssi;
+
+  // Beacon's tx power
+  int txPower;
+
+  // Human readable name of the app designated to open the uri
+  // Used in the second line of the notification, "Open in {} app"
+  String appName;
+
+  // Package name of the App that owns this item.
+  String packageName;
+
+  // TriggerId identifies the trigger/beacon that is attached with a message.
+  // It's generated from server for online messages to synchronize formatting
+  // across client versions.
+  // Example:
+  // * BLE_UID: 3||deadbeef
+  // * BLE_URL: http://trigger.id
+  // See go/discovery-store-message-and-trigger-id for more details.
+  String triggerId;
+
+  // Bytes of item icon in PNG format displayed in Discovery item list.
+  byte[] iconPng;
+
+  // A FIFE URL of the item icon displayed in Discovery item list.
+  String iconFifeUrl;
+
+  // Fast Pair antispoof key.
+  byte[] authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairEligibleAccountParcel.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairEligibleAccountParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..747758d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairEligibleAccountParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+
+/**
+ * Fast Pair Eligible Account.
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+parcelable FastPairEligibleAccountParcel {
+    Account account;
+    // Whether the account opts in Fast Pair.
+    boolean optIn;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8db3356
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+/**
+ * Request details for Fast Pair eligible accounts.
+ * Empty place holder for future expansion.
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+parcelable FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel {
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..59834b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+
+/**
+ * Request details for managing Fast Pair device-account mapping.
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+ // TODO(b/204780849): remove unnecessary fields and polish comments.
+parcelable FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel {
+    Account account;
+    // MANAGE_ACCOUNT_DEVICE_ADD: add Fast Pair device to the account.
+    // MANAGE_ACCOUNT_DEVICE_REMOVE: remove Fast Pair device from the account.
+    int requestType;
+    // Fast Pair account key-ed device metadata.
+    FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel accountKeyDeviceMetadata;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d92064
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+
+/**
+ * Request details for managing a Fast Pair account.
+ *
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+parcelable FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel {
+    Account account;
+    // MANAGE_ACCOUNT_OPT_IN: opt account into Fast Pair.
+    // MANAGE_ACCOUNT_OPT_OUT: opt account out of Fast Pair.
+    int requestType;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7db18d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+
+/**
+  * Provides callback interface for OEMs to send back metadata of FastPair
+  * devices associated with an account.
+  *
+  * {@hide}
+  */
+interface IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback {
+     void onFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataReceived(in FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] accountDevicesMetadata);
+     void onError(int code, String message);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38abba4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+
+/**
+  * Provides callback interface for OEMs to send FastPair AntispoofKey Device metadata back.
+  *
+  * {@hide}
+  */
+interface IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback {
+     void onFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataReceived(in FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadata);
+     void onError(int code, String message);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairDataProvider.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairDataProvider.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2956211
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairDataProvider.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairManageAccountCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback;
+
+/**
+ * Interface for communicating with the fast pair providers.
+ *
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+oneway interface IFastPairDataProvider {
+    void loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(in FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel request,
+        in IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback callback);
+    void loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(in FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel request,
+        in IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback callback);
+    void loadFastPairEligibleAccounts(in FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel request,
+        in IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback callback);
+    void manageFastPairAccount(in FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel request,
+        in IFastPairManageAccountCallback callback);
+    void manageFastPairAccountDevice(in FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel request,
+        in IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback callback);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9990014
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountParcel;
+
+/**
+  * Provides callback interface for OEMs to return FastPair Eligible accounts.
+  *
+  * {@hide}
+  */
+interface IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback {
+     void onFastPairEligibleAccountsReceived(in FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] accounts);
+     void onError(int code, String message);
+ }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairManageAccountCallback.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairManageAccountCallback.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b4aaee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairManageAccountCallback.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+/**
+  * Provides callback interface to send response for account management request.
+  *
+  * {@hide}
+  */
+interface IFastPairManageAccountCallback {
+     void onSuccess();
+     void onError(int code, String message);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bffc533
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+/**
+  * Provides callback interface to send response for account-device mapping
+  * management request.
+  *
+  * {@hide}
+  */
+interface IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback {
+     void onSuccess();
+     void onError(int code, String message);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairStatusCallback.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairStatusCallback.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d844c06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairStatusCallback.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.nearby.FastPairDevice;
+import android.nearby.PairStatusMetadata;
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Provides callbacks for Fast Pair foreground activity to learn about paring status from backend.
+ *
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+interface IFastPairStatusCallback {
+
+    /** Reports a pair status related metadata associated with a {@link FastPairDevice} */
+    void onPairUpdate(in FastPairDevice fastPairDevice, in PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairUiService.aidl b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairUiService.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9200a9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/framework/java/android/nearby/aidl/IFastPairUiService.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.aidl;
+
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairStatusCallback;
+import android.nearby.FastPairDevice;
+
+/**
+ * 0p API for controlling Fast Pair. Used to talk between foreground activities
+ * and background services.
+ *
+ * {@hide}
+ */
+interface IFastPairUiService {
+
+    void registerCallback(in IFastPairStatusCallback fastPairStatusCallback);
+
+    void unregisterCallback(in IFastPairStatusCallback fastPairStatusCallback);
+
+    void connect(in FastPairDevice fastPairDevice);
+
+    void cancel(in FastPairDevice fastPairDevice);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/Android.bp b/nearby/halfsheet/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..486a3ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_app {
+    name: "HalfSheetUX",
+    defaults: ["platform_app_defaults"],
+    srcs: ["src/**/*.java"],
+    sdk_version: "module_current",
+    // This is included in tethering apex, which uses min SDK 30
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
+    target_sdk_version: "current",
+    updatable: true,
+    certificate: ":com.android.nearby.halfsheetcertificate",
+    libs: [
+        "framework-bluetooth",
+        "framework-connectivity-t",
+        "nearby-service-string",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "androidx.annotation_annotation",
+        "androidx.fragment_fragment",
+        "androidx-constraintlayout_constraintlayout",
+        "androidx.localbroadcastmanager_localbroadcastmanager",
+        "androidx.core_core",
+        "androidx.appcompat_appcompat",
+        "androidx.recyclerview_recyclerview",
+        "androidx.lifecycle_lifecycle-runtime",
+        "androidx.lifecycle_lifecycle-extensions",
+        "com.google.android.material_material",
+        "fast-pair-lite-protos",
+    ],
+    plugins: ["java_api_finder"],
+    manifest: "AndroidManifest.xml",
+    jarjar_rules: ":nearby-jarjar-rules",
+    apex_available: ["com.android.tethering",],
+    lint: { strict_updatability_linting: true }
+}
+
+android_app_certificate {
+    name: "com.android.nearby.halfsheetcertificate",
+    certificate: "apk-certs/com.android.nearby.halfsheet"
+}
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22987fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    package="com.android.nearby.halfsheet">
+    <application>
+        <activity
+            android:name="com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity"
+            android:exported="true"
+            android:launchMode="singleInstance"
+            android:theme="@style/HalfSheetStyle" >
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.nearby.SHOW_HALFSHEET"/>
+                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
+            </intent-filter>
+        </activity>
+    </application>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/apk-certs/com.android.nearby.halfsheet.pk8 b/nearby/halfsheet/apk-certs/com.android.nearby.halfsheet.pk8
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..187d51e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/apk-certs/com.android.nearby.halfsheet.pk8
Binary files differ
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/apk-certs/com.android.nearby.halfsheet.x509.pem b/nearby/halfsheet/apk-certs/com.android.nearby.halfsheet.x509.pem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..440c524
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/apk-certs/com.android.nearby.halfsheet.x509.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIF6zCCA9OgAwIBAgIUU5ATKevcNA5ZSurwgwGenwrr4c4wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEL
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+OTmBynN/8D/qdUZNrT+tgs+mH/I2SsKYW9Zymwf7Qw==
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/apk-certs/key.pem b/nearby/halfsheet/apk-certs/key.pem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9f4288
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/apk-certs/key.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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+Fjs2K6WDPauw6ia8nwR94H8vzX7Dwrx/Pw74c/4jfhN+UBDjeJ8tu/YPUif9SdwL
+FMECggEALdCGKfQ4vPmqI6UdfVB5hdCPoM6tUsI2yrXFvlHjSGVanC/IG9x2mpRb
+4odamLYx4G4NjP1IJSY08LFT9VhLZtRM1W3fGeboW12LTEVNrI3lRBU84rAQ1ced
+l6/DvTKJjhfwTxb/W7sqmZY5hF3QuNxs67Z8x0pe4b58musa0qFCs4Sa8qTNZKRW
+fIbxIKuvu1HSNOKkZLu6Gq8km+XIlVAaSVA03Tt+EK74MFL6+pcd7/VkS00MAYUC
+gS4ic+QFzCl5P8zl/GoX8iUFsRZQCSJkZ75VwO13pEupVwCAW8WWJO83U4jBsnJs
+ayrX7pbsnW6jsNYBUlck+RYVYkVkxA==
+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_bottom_sheet_enter.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_bottom_sheet_enter.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..098dccb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_bottom_sheet_enter.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+     android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/decelerate_quint">
+    <translate android:fromYDelta="100%"
+               android:toYDelta="0"
+               android:duration="900"/>
+</set>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_bottom_sheet_exit.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_bottom_sheet_exit.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cf7401
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_bottom_sheet_exit.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+     android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/decelerate_quint">
+    <translate android:fromYDelta="0"
+               android:toYDelta="100%"
+               android:duration="500"/>
+</set>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_half_sheet_slide_in.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_half_sheet_slide_in.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a51ddb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_half_sheet_slide_in.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    tools:targetApi="23"
+    android:duration="@integer/half_sheet_slide_in_duration"
+    android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/fast_out_slow_in">
+  <translate
+      android:fromYDelta="100%p"
+      android:toYDelta="0%p"/>
+
+  <alpha
+      android:fromAlpha="0.0"
+      android:toAlpha="1.0"/>
+</set>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_half_sheet_slide_out.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_half_sheet_slide_out.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c589482
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/anim/fast_pair_half_sheet_slide_out.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    android:duration="@integer/half_sheet_fade_out_duration"
+    android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/fast_out_slow_in">
+
+  <translate
+      android:fromYDelta="0%p"
+      android:toYDelta="100%p"/>
+
+  <alpha
+      android:fromAlpha="1.0"
+      android:toAlpha="0.0"/>
+
+</set>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/drawable/fast_pair_ic_info.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/drawable/fast_pair_ic_info.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d61d1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/drawable/fast_pair_ic_info.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    android:width="24dp"
+    android:height="24dp"
+    android:viewportWidth="24.0"
+    android:viewportHeight="24.0"
+    android:tint="@color/fast_pair_half_sheet_subtitle_color">
+    <path
+        android:fillColor="@color/fast_pair_half_sheet_subtitle_color"
+        android:pathData="M11,17h2v-6h-2v6zM12,2C6.48,2 2,6.48 2,12s4.48,10 10,10 10,-4.48 10,-10S17.52,2 12,2zM12,20c-4.41,0 -8,-3.59 -8,-8s3.59,-8 8,-8 8,3.59 8,8 -3.59,8 -8,8zM11,9h2L13,7h-2v2z"/>
+</vector>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/drawable/fastpair_outline.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/drawable/fastpair_outline.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6765e11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/drawable/fastpair_outline.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    android:shape="oval">
+  <stroke
+      android:width="1dp"
+      android:color="@color/fast_pair_notification_image_outline"/>
+</shape>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/drawable/half_sheet_bg.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/drawable/half_sheet_bg.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e7d8dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/drawable/half_sheet_bg.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    tools:targetApi="23">
+  <solid android:color="@color/fast_pair_half_sheet_background" />
+  <corners
+      android:topLeftRadius="16dp"
+      android:topRightRadius="16dp"
+      android:padding="8dp"/>
+</shape>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_device_pairing_fragment.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_device_pairing_fragment.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7fbe229
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_device_pairing_fragment.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<LinearLayout
+    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
+    android:orientation="vertical"
+    tools:ignore="RtlCompat"
+    android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent">
+
+  <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
+      android:id="@+id/image_view"
+      android:layout_width="match_parent"
+      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+      android:minHeight="340dp"
+      android:paddingStart="12dp"
+      android:paddingEnd="12dp"
+      android:paddingTop="12dp"
+      android:paddingBottom="12dp">
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/header_subtitle"
+        android:textColor="@color/fast_pair_half_sheet_subtitle_color"
+        android:fontFamily="google-sans"
+        android:textSize="14sp"
+        android:maxLines="3"
+        android:gravity="center"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" />
+
+    <ImageView
+        android:id="@+id/pairing_pic"
+        android:layout_width="@dimen/fast_pair_half_sheet_image_size"
+        android:layout_height="@dimen/fast_pair_half_sheet_image_size"
+        android:paddingTop="18dp"
+        android:paddingBottom="18dp"
+        android:importantForAccessibility="no"
+        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/header_subtitle" />
+
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/pin_code"
+        android:textColor="@color/fast_pair_half_sheet_subtitle_color"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="@dimen/fast_pair_half_sheet_image_size"
+        android:paddingTop="18dp"
+        android:paddingBottom="18dp"
+        android:visibility="invisible"
+        android:textSize="50sp"
+        android:letterSpacing="0.2"
+        android:fontFamily="google-sans-medium"
+        android:gravity="center"
+        android:importantForAccessibility="yes"
+        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/header_subtitle" />
+
+    <ProgressBar
+        android:id="@+id/connect_progressbar"
+        android:layout_width="@dimen/fast_pair_half_sheet_image_size"
+        android:layout_height="2dp"
+        android:indeterminate="true"
+        android:indeterminateTint="@color/fast_pair_progress_color"
+        android:indeterminateTintMode="src_in"
+        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
+        android:layout_marginBottom="6dp"
+        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/pairing_pic"
+        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"/>
+
+    <RelativeLayout
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/connect_progressbar"
+        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent">
+
+      <ImageView
+          android:id="@+id/info_icon"
+          android:layout_width="24dp"
+          android:layout_height="24dp"
+          app:srcCompat="@drawable/fast_pair_ic_info"
+          android:layout_centerInParent="true"
+          android:contentDescription="@null"
+          android:layout_marginEnd="10dp"
+          android:layout_toStartOf="@id/connect_btn"
+          android:visibility="invisible" />
+
+      <com.google.android.material.button.MaterialButton
+          android:id="@+id/connect_btn"
+          android:layout_width="@dimen/fast_pair_half_sheet_image_size"
+          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+          android:text="@string/paring_action_connect"
+          android:layout_centerInParent="true"
+          style="@style/HalfSheetButton" />
+
+    </RelativeLayout>
+
+    <com.google.android.material.button.MaterialButton
+        android:id="@+id/settings_btn"
+        android:text="@string/paring_action_settings"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_width="@dimen/fast_pair_half_sheet_image_size"
+        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/connect_progressbar"
+        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
+        android:visibility="invisible"
+        style="@style/HalfSheetButton" />
+
+    <com.google.android.material.button.MaterialButton
+        android:id="@+id/cancel_btn"
+        android:text="@string/paring_action_done"
+        android:visibility="invisible"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
+        android:gravity="start|center_vertical"
+        android:layout_marginTop="6dp"
+        style="@style/HalfSheetButtonBorderless"/>
+
+    <com.google.android.material.button.MaterialButton
+        android:id="@+id/setup_btn"
+        android:text="@string/paring_action_launch"
+        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
+        android:layout_marginTop="6dp"
+        android:layout_marginBottom="16dp"
+        android:background="@color/fast_pair_half_sheet_button_color"
+        android:visibility="invisible"
+        android:layout_height="@dimen/fast_pair_half_sheet_bottom_button_height"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        style="@style/HalfSheetButton" />
+
+  </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
+
+</LinearLayout>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_half_sheet.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_half_sheet.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..705aa1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_half_sheet.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<FrameLayout
+    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    tools:ignore="RtlCompat, UselessParent, MergeRootFrame"
+    android:id="@+id/background"
+    android:layout_width="match_parent"
+    android:layout_height="match_parent">
+
+  <LinearLayout
+      android:id="@+id/card"
+      android:orientation="vertical"
+      android:transitionName="card"
+      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+      android:layout_width="match_parent"
+      android:layout_gravity= "center|bottom"
+      android:paddingLeft="12dp"
+      android:paddingRight="12dp"
+      android:background="@drawable/half_sheet_bg"
+      android:accessibilityLiveRegion="polite"
+      android:gravity="bottom">
+
+    <RelativeLayout
+        android:id="@+id/toolbar_wrapper"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:paddingLeft="20dp"
+        android:paddingRight="20dp">
+
+      <ImageView
+          android:layout_marginTop="9dp"
+          android:layout_marginBottom="9dp"
+          android:id="@+id/toolbar_image"
+          android:layout_width="42dp"
+          android:layout_height="42dp"
+          android:contentDescription="@null"
+          android:layout_toStartOf="@id/toolbar_title"
+          android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
+          android:visibility="invisible"/>
+
+      <TextView
+          android:layout_marginTop="18dp"
+          android:layout_marginBottom="18dp"
+          android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
+          android:id="@+id/toolbar_title"
+          android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+          android:fontFamily="google-sans-medium"
+          android:textSize="24sp"
+          android:textColor="@color/fast_pair_half_sheet_text_color"
+          style="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Widget.ActionBar.Title" />
+    </RelativeLayout>
+
+    <FrameLayout
+        android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
+        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
+
+  </LinearLayout>
+
+</FrameLayout>
+
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_heads_up_notification.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_heads_up_notification.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11b8343
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_heads_up_notification.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<LinearLayout
+    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    android:layout_width="match_parent"
+    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+    android:orientation="horizontal"
+    android:baselineAligned="false"
+    android:background="@color/fast_pair_notification_background"
+    tools:ignore="ContentDescription,UnusedAttribute,RtlCompat,Overdraw">
+
+  <LinearLayout
+      android:orientation="vertical"
+      android:layout_width="0dp"
+      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+      android:layout_weight="1"
+      android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_padding"
+      android:layout_marginStart="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_padding"
+      android:layout_marginEnd="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_padding">
+
+    <LinearLayout
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:orientation="horizontal">
+
+      <TextView
+          android:id="@android:id/title"
+          android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+          android:fontFamily="sans-serif-medium"
+          android:textSize="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_text_size"
+          android:textColor="@color/fast_pair_primary_text"
+          android:layout_marginBottom="2dp"
+          android:lines="1"/>
+
+      <TextView
+          android:id="@android:id/text2"
+          android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+          android:textSize="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_text_size_small"
+          android:textColor="@color/fast_pair_primary_text"
+          android:layout_marginBottom="2dp"
+          android:layout_marginStart="4dp"
+          android:lines="1"/>
+    </LinearLayout>
+
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@android:id/text1"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:textSize="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_text_size"
+        android:textColor="@color/fast_pair_primary_text"
+        android:maxLines="2"
+        android:ellipsize="end"
+        android:breakStrategy="simple" />
+
+    <FrameLayout
+        android:id="@android:id/secondaryProgress"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
+        android:layout_marginEnd="32dp"
+        android:orientation="horizontal"
+        android:visibility="gone">
+
+      <ProgressBar
+          android:id="@android:id/progress"
+          style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
+          android:layout_width="match_parent"
+          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+          android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
+          android:indeterminateTint="@color/discovery_activity_accent"/>
+
+    </FrameLayout>
+
+  </LinearLayout>
+
+  <FrameLayout
+      android:id="@android:id/icon1"
+      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+      android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
+
+</LinearLayout>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_heads_up_notification_large_image.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_heads_up_notification_large_image.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd28947
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_heads_up_notification_large_image.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<ImageView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    android:id="@android:id/icon"
+    android:layout_width="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_large_image_size"
+    android:layout_height="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_large_image_size"
+    android:scaleType="fitStart"
+    tools:ignore="ContentDescription"/>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_heads_up_notification_small_image.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_heads_up_notification_small_image.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee1d89f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/layout/fast_pair_heads_up_notification_small_image.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<ImageView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    android:id="@android:id/icon"
+    android:layout_width="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_small_image_size"
+    android:layout_height="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_small_image_size"
+    android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_padding"
+    android:layout_marginBottom="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_padding"
+    android:layout_marginStart="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_padding"
+    android:layout_marginEnd="@dimen/fast_pair_notification_padding"
+    android:scaleType="fitStart"
+    tools:ignore="ContentDescription,RtlCompat"/>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-af/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-af/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7333e63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-af/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Begin tans opstelling …"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Stel toestel op"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Toestel is gekoppel"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Kon nie koppel nie"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Klaar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Stoor"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Koppel"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Stel op"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Instellings"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-am/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-am/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da3b144
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-am/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"ማዋቀርን በመጀመር ላይ…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"መሣሪያ አዋቅር"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"መሣሪያ ተገናኝቷል"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"መገናኘት አልተቻለም"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"ተጠናቅቋል"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"አስቀምጥ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"አገናኝ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"አዋቅር"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"ቅንብሮች"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ar/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ar/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0bfce4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ar/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"جارٍ الإعداد…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"إعداد جهاز"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"تمّ إقران الجهاز"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"تعذّر الربط"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"تم"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"حفظ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"ربط"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"إعداد"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"الإعدادات"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-as/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-as/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ff4946
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-as/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"ছেটআপ আৰম্ভ কৰি থকা হৈছে…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"ডিভাইচ ছেট আপ কৰক"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"ডিভাইচ সংযোগ কৰা হ’ল"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"সংযোগ কৰিব পৰা নগ’ল"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"হ’ল"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"ছেভ কৰক"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"সংযোগ কৰক"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"ছেট আপ কৰক"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"ছেটিং"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-az/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-az/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af499ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-az/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Ayarlama başladılır…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Cihazı quraşdırın"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Cihaz qoşulub"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Qoşulmaq mümkün olmadı"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Oldu"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Saxlayın"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Qoşun"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Ayarlayın"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Ayarlar"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-b+sr+Latn/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-b+sr+Latn/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eea6b64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-b+sr+Latn/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Podešavanje se pokreće…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Podesite uređaj"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Uređaj je povezan"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Povezivanje nije uspelo"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Gotovo"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Sačuvaj"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Poveži"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Podesi"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Podešavanja"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-be/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-be/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5c1ef6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-be/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Пачынаецца наладжванне…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Наладзьце прыладу"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Прылада падключана"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Не ўдалося падключыцца"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Гатова"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Захаваць"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Падключыць"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Наладзіць"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Налады"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-bg/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-bg/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ee7aef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-bg/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Настройването се стартира…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Настройване на устройството"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Устройството е свързано"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Свързването не бе успешно"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Готово"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Запазване"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Свързване"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Настройване"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Настройки"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-bn/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-bn/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..484e35b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-bn/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"সেট-আপ করা শুরু হচ্ছে…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"ডিভাইস সেট-আপ করুন"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"ডিভাইস কানেক্ট হয়েছে"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"কানেক্ট করা যায়নি"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"হয়ে গেছে"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"সেভ করুন"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"কানেক্ট করুন"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"সেট-আপ করুন"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"সেটিংস"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-bs/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-bs/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fc8644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-bs/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Pokretanje postavljanja…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Postavi uređaj"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Uređaj je povezan"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Povezivanje nije uspjelo"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Gotovo"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Sačuvaj"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Poveži"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Postavi"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Postavke"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ca/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ca/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8912792
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ca/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Iniciant la configuració…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Configura el dispositiu"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"El dispositiu s\'ha connectat"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"No s\'ha pogut connectar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Fet"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Desa"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Connecta"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Configura"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Configuració"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-cs/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-cs/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e7ea3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-cs/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Zahajování nastavení…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Nastavení zařízení"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Zařízení je připojeno"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Nelze se připojit"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Hotovo"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Uložit"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Připojit"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Nastavit"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Nastavení"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-da/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-da/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d937e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-da/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Begynder konfiguration…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Konfigurer enhed"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Enheden er forbundet"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Forbindelsen kan ikke oprettes"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Luk"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Gem"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Opret forbindelse"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Konfigurer"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Indstillinger"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-de/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-de/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9186a44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-de/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Einrichtung wird gestartet..."</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Gerät einrichten"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Gerät verbunden"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Verbindung nicht möglich"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Fertig"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Speichern"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Verbinden"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Einrichten"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Einstellungen"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-el/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-el/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e18a93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-el/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Έναρξη ρύθμισης…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Ρύθμιση συσκευής"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Η συσκευή συνδέθηκε"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Αδυναμία σύνδεσης"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Τέλος"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Αποθήκευση"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Σύνδεση"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Ρύθμιση"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Ρυθμίσεις"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rAU/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rAU/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4ed675
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rAU/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Starting setup…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Set up device"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Device connected"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Couldn\'t connect"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Done"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Save"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Connect"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Set up"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Settings"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rCA/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rCA/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4ed675
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rCA/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Starting setup…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Set up device"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Device connected"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Couldn\'t connect"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Done"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Save"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Connect"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Set up"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Settings"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rGB/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rGB/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4ed675
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rGB/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Starting setup…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Set up device"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Device connected"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Couldn\'t connect"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Done"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Save"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Connect"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Set up"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Settings"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rIN/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rIN/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4ed675
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rIN/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Starting setup…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Set up device"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Device connected"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Couldn\'t connect"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Done"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Save"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Connect"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Set up"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Settings"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rXC/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rXC/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..460cc1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-en-rXC/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‏‏‎‏‏‎‏‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‎‎‏‏‎‎‏‏‎‏‎‎‎‏‏‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‏‎‏‏‏‏‎Starting Setup…‎‏‎‎‏‎"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‏‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‎‏‎‏‏‎‏‎‏‎‏‎‏‏‎‏‎‎‎‏‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‎‏‎‏‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‏‎‎Set up device‎‏‎‎‏‎"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‏‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‏‏‎‏‎‎‎‏‎‏‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‏‏‎‎‏‏‎‏‎Device connected‎‏‎‎‏‎"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‎‏‏‏‎‏‏‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‏‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‏‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‎‏‏‎‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‎‎‎Couldn\'t connect‎‏‎‎‏‎"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‎‏‏‎‏‎‎‎‏‏‎‎‏‏‎‏‏‏‎‏‎‏‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‏‎‎‏‏‎‏‏‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‏‏‎Done‎‏‎‎‏‎"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‏‎‏‏‎‏‏‎‏‏‏‎‏‏‎‏‏‎‏‎‎‎‏‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‎‎‎‏‎‏‎‎‏‏‏‎‏‎‏‏‎‎‎‏‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎Save‎‏‎‎‏‎"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‎‎‎‏‏‎‏‎‏‏‏‏‏‎‏‎‏‏‎‏‎‏‏‎‏‏‎‏‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‎‏‎‎‏‏‏‎‏‎Connect‎‏‎‎‏‎"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‎‏‏‎‏‎‏‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‏‎‏‏‎‎‏‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‎Set up‎‏‎‎‏‎"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"‎‏‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎‎‎‎‎‏‎‎‏‎‎‎‎‏‏‏‏‎‏‏‏‎‏‏‏‏‎‎‏‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‏‏‎‎‎‏‎‏‎‎‎‏‎‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‎‏‎‏‎‏‏‏‏‏‎‏‎‏‎‏‎‏‎‏‏‏‎‎Settings‎‏‎‎‏‎"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-es-rUS/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-es-rUS/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8fb283
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-es-rUS/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Iniciando la configuración…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Configuración del dispositivo"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Se conectó el dispositivo"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"No se pudo establecer conexión"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Listo"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Guardar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Conectar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Configurar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Configuración"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-es/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-es/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b8340a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-es/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Iniciando configuración…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Configurar el dispositivo"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Dispositivo conectado"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"No se ha podido conectar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Hecho"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Guardar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Conectar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Configurar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Ajustes"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-et/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-et/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6abc64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-et/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Seadistuse käivitamine …"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Seadistage seade"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Seade on ühendatud"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Ühendamine ebaõnnestus"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Valmis"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Salvesta"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Ühenda"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Seadistamine"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Seaded"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-eu/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-eu/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4243fd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-eu/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Konfigurazio-prozesua abiarazten…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Konfiguratu gailua"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Konektatu da gailua"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Ezin izan da konektatu"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Eginda"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Gorde"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Konektatu"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Konfiguratu"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Ezarpenak"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fa/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fa/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3585f95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fa/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"درحال شروع راه‌اندازی…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"راه‌اندازی دستگاه"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"دستگاه متصل شد"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"متصل نشد"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"تمام"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"ذخیره"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"متصل کردن"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"راه‌اندازی"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"تنظیمات"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fi/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fi/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8d47de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fi/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Aloitetaan käyttöönottoa…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Määritä laite"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Laite on yhdistetty"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Ei yhteyttä"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Valmis"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Tallenna"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Yhdistä"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Ota käyttöön"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Asetukset"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fr-rCA/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fr-rCA/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64dd107
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fr-rCA/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Démarrage de la configuration…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Configurer l\'appareil"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Appareil associé"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Impossible d\'associer"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"OK"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Enregistrer"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Associer"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Configurer"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Paramètres"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fr/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fr/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..484c57b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-fr/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Début de la configuration…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Configurer un appareil"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Appareil associé"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Impossible de se connecter"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"OK"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Enregistrer"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Connecter"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Configurer"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Paramètres"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-gl/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-gl/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30393ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-gl/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Iniciando configuración…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Configura o dispositivo"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Conectouse o dispositivo"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Non se puido conectar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Feito"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Gardar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Conectar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Configurar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Configuración"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-gu/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-gu/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03b057d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-gu/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"સેટઅપ શરૂ કરી રહ્યાં છીએ…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"ડિવાઇસનું સેટઅપ કરો"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"ડિવાઇસ કનેક્ટ કર્યું"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"કનેક્ટ કરી શક્યા નથી"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"થઈ ગયું"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"સાચવો"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"કનેક્ટ કરો"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"સેટઅપ કરો"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"સેટિંગ"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hi/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hi/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecd420e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hi/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"सेट अप शुरू किया जा रहा है…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"डिवाइस सेट अप करें"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"डिवाइस कनेक्ट हो गया"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"कनेक्ट नहीं किया जा सका"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"हो गया"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"सेव करें"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"कनेक्ट करें"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"सेट अप करें"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"सेटिंग"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hr/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hr/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5a3de8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hr/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Pokretanje postavljanja…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Postavi uređaj"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Uređaj je povezan"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Povezivanje nije uspjelo"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Gotovo"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Spremi"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Poveži"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Postavi"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Postavke"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hu/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hu/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba3d2e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hu/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Beállítás megkezdése…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Eszköz beállítása"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Eszköz csatlakoztatva"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Nem sikerült csatlakozni"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Kész"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Mentés"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Csatlakozás"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Beállítás"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Beállítások"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hy/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hy/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecabd16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-hy/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Կարգավորում…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Կարգավորեք սարքը"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Սարքը զուգակցվեց"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Չհաջողվեց միանալ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Պատրաստ է"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Պահել"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Միանալ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Կարգավորել"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Կարգավորումներ"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-in/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-in/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc777b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-in/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Memulai Penyiapan …"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Siapkan perangkat"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Perangkat terhubung"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Tidak dapat terhubung"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Selesai"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Simpan"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Hubungkan"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Siapkan"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Setelan"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-is/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-is/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee094d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-is/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Ræsir uppsetningu…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Uppsetning tækis"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Tækið er tengt"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Tenging mistókst"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Lokið"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Vista"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Tengja"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Setja upp"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Stillingar"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-it/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-it/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..700dd77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-it/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Avvio della configurazione…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Configura dispositivo"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Dispositivo connesso"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Impossibile connettere"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Fine"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Salva"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Connetti"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Configura"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Impostazioni"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-iw/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-iw/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6ff9b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-iw/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"ההגדרה מתבצעת…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"הגדרת המכשיר"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"המכשיר מחובר"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"לא ניתן להתחבר"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"סיום"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"שמירה"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"התחברות"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"הגדרה"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"הגדרות"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ja/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ja/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a429b7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ja/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"セットアップを開始中…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"デバイスのセットアップ"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"デバイス接続完了"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"接続エラー"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"完了"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"保存"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"接続"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"セットアップ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"設定"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ka/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ka/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4353ae9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ka/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"დაყენება იწყება…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"მოწყობილობის დაყენება"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"მოწყობილობა დაკავშირებულია"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"დაკავშირება ვერ მოხერხდა"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"მზადაა"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"შენახვა"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"დაკავშირება"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"დაყენება"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"პარამეტრები"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-kk/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-kk/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98d8073
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-kk/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Реттеу басталуда…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Құрылғыны реттеу"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Құрылғы байланыстырылды"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Қосылмады"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Дайын"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Сақтау"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Қосу"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Реттеу"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Параметрлер"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-km/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-km/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85e39db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-km/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"កំពុងចាប់ផ្ដើម​រៀបចំ…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"រៀបចំ​ឧបករណ៍"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"បានភ្ជាប់ឧបករណ៍"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"មិន​អាចភ្ជាប់​បានទេ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"រួចរាល់"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"រក្សាទុក"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"ភ្ជាប់"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"រៀបចំ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"ការកំណត់"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-kn/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-kn/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb62bb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-kn/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"ಸೆಟಪ್ ಪ್ರಾರಂಭಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತಿದೆ…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"ಸಾಧನವನ್ನು ಸೆಟಪ್ ಮಾಡಿ"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"ಸಾಧನವನ್ನು ಕನೆಕ್ಟ್ ಮಾಡಲಾಗಿದೆ"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"ಕನೆಕ್ಟ್ ಮಾಡಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವಾಗಲಿಲ್ಲ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"ಮುಗಿದಿದೆ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"ಉಳಿಸಿ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"ಕನೆಕ್ಟ್ ಮಾಡಿ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"ಸೆಟಪ್ ಮಾಡಿ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"ಸೆಟ್ಟಿಂಗ್‌ಗಳು"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ko/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ko/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c94ff76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ko/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"설정을 시작하는 중…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"기기 설정"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"기기 연결됨"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"연결할 수 없음"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"완료"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"저장"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"연결"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"설정"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"설정"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ky/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ky/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..812e0e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ky/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Жөндөлүп баштады…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Түзмөктү жөндөө"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Түзмөк туташты"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Туташпай койду"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Бүттү"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Сактоо"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Туташуу"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Жөндөө"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Жөндөөлөр"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-lo/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-lo/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c945b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-lo/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"ກຳລັງເລີ່ມການຕັ້ງຄ່າ…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"ຕັ້ງຄ່າອຸປະກອນ"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"ເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ອຸປະກອນແລ້ວ"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"ບໍ່ສາມາດເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ໄດ້"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"ແລ້ວໆ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"ບັນທຶກ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"ເຊື່ອມຕໍ່"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"ຕັ້ງຄ່າ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"ການຕັ້ງຄ່າ"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-lt/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-lt/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5dbad0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-lt/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Pradedama sąranka…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Įrenginio nustatymas"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Įrenginys prijungtas"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Prisijungti nepavyko"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Atlikta"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Išsaugoti"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Prisijungti"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Nustatyti"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Nustatymai"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-lv/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-lv/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9e1bf9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-lv/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Tiek sākta iestatīšana…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Iestatiet ierīci"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Ierīce ir pievienota"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Nevarēja izveidot savienojumu"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Gatavs"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Saglabāt"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Izveidot savienojumu"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Iestatīt"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Iestatījumi"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-mk/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-mk/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e29dfa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-mk/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Се започнува со поставување…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Поставете го уредот"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Уредот е поврзан"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Не може да се поврзе"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Готово"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Зачувај"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Поврзи"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Поставете"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Поставки"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ml/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ml/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cbc171b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ml/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"സജ്ജീകരിക്കൽ ആരംഭിക്കുന്നു…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"ഉപകരണം സജ്ജീകരിക്കുക"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"ഉപകരണം കണക്റ്റ് ചെയ്‌തു"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"കണക്റ്റ് ചെയ്യാനായില്ല"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"പൂർത്തിയായി"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"സംരക്ഷിക്കുക"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"കണക്റ്റ് ചെയ്യുക"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"സജ്ജീകരിക്കുക"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"ക്രമീകരണം"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-mn/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-mn/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d21eff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-mn/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Тохируулгыг эхлүүлж байна…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Төхөөрөмж тохируулах"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Төхөөрөмж холбогдсон"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Холбогдож чадсангүй"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Болсон"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Хадгалах"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Холбох"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Тохируулах"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Тохиргоо"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-mr/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-mr/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3e1d7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-mr/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"सेटअप सुरू करत आहे…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"डिव्हाइस सेट करा"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"डिव्हाइस कनेक्ट केले आहे"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"कनेक्ट करता आले नाही"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"पूर्ण झाले"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"सेव्ह करा"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"कनेक्ट करा"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"सेट करा"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"सेटिंग्ज"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ms/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ms/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4835c1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ms/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Memulakan Persediaan…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Sediakan peranti"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Peranti disambungkan"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Tidak dapat menyambung"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Selesai"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Simpan"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Sambung"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Sediakan"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Tetapan"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-my/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-my/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32c3105
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-my/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"စနစ်ထည့်သွင်းခြင်း စတင်နေသည်…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"စက်ကို စနစ်ထည့်သွင်းရန်"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"စက်ကို ချိတ်ဆက်လိုက်ပြီ"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"ချိတ်ဆက်၍မရပါ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"ပြီးပြီ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"သိမ်းရန်"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"ချိတ်ဆက်ရန်"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"စနစ်ထည့်သွင်းရန်"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"ဆက်တင်များ"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-nb/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-nb/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d72565
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-nb/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Starter konfigureringen …"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Konfigurer enheten"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Enheten er tilkoblet"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Kunne ikke koble til"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Ferdig"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Lagre"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Koble til"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Konfigurer"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Innstillinger"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ne/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ne/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1370412
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ne/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"सेटअप प्रक्रिया सुरु गरिँदै छ…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"डिभाइस सेटअप गर्नुहोस्"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"डिभाइस कनेक्ट गरियो"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"कनेक्ट गर्न सकिएन"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"सम्पन्न भयो"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"सेभ गर्नुहोस्"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"कनेक्ट गर्नुहोस्"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"सेटअप गर्नुहोस्"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"सेटिङ"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-nl/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-nl/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4eb7624
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-nl/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Instellen starten…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Apparaat instellen"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Apparaat verbonden"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Kan geen verbinding maken"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Klaar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Opslaan"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Verbinden"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Instellen"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Instellingen"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-or/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-or/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5e8cfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-or/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"ସେଟଅପ ଆରମ୍ଭ କରାଯାଉଛି…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"ଡିଭାଇସ ସେଟ ଅପ କରନ୍ତୁ"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"ଡିଭାଇସ ସଂଯୁକ୍ତ ହୋଇଛି"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"ସଂଯୋଗ କରାଯାଇପାରିଲା ନାହିଁ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"ହୋଇଗଲା"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"ସେଭ କରନ୍ତୁ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"ସଂଯୋଗ କରନ୍ତୁ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"ସେଟ ଅପ କରନ୍ତୁ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"ସେଟିଂସ"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pa/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pa/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0523a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pa/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"ਸੈੱਟਅੱਪ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"ਡੀਵਾਈਸ ਸੈੱਟਅੱਪ ਕਰੋ"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"ਡੀਵਾਈਸ ਕਨੈਕਟ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"ਕਨੈਕਟ ਨਹੀਂ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾ ਸਕਿਆ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"ਹੋ ਗਿਆ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"ਰੱਖਿਅਤ ਕਰੋ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"ਕਨੈਕਟ ਕਰੋ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"ਸੈੱਟਅੱਪ ਕਰੋ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"ਸੈਟਿੰਗਾਂ"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pl/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pl/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5abf5fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pl/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Rozpoczynam konfigurowanie…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Skonfiguruj urządzenie"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Urządzenie połączone"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Nie udało się połączyć"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Gotowe"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Zapisz"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Połącz"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Skonfiguruj"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Ustawienia"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pt-rBR/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pt-rBR/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b021b39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pt-rBR/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Iniciando a configuração…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Configurar dispositivo"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Dispositivo conectado"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Erro ao conectar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Concluído"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Salvar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Conectar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Configurar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Configurações"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pt-rPT/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pt-rPT/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3285c73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pt-rPT/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"A iniciar a configuração…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Configure o dispositivo"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Dispositivo ligado"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Não foi possível ligar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Concluir"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Guardar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Ligar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Configurar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Definições"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pt/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pt/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b021b39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-pt/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Iniciando a configuração…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Configurar dispositivo"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Dispositivo conectado"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Erro ao conectar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Concluído"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Salvar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Conectar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Configurar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Configurações"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ro/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ro/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..189f698
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ro/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Începe configurarea…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Configurează dispozitivul"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Dispozitivul s-a conectat"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Nu s-a putut conecta"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Gata"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Salvează"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Conectează"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Configurează"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Setări"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ru/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ru/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee869df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ru/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Начинаем настройку…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Настройка устройства"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Устройство подключено"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Ошибка подключения"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Готово"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Сохранить"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Подключить"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Настроить"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Открыть настройки"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-si/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-si/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4274c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-si/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"පිහිටුවීම ආරම්භ කරමින්…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"උපාංගය පිහිටුවන්න"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"උපාංගය සම්බන්ධිතයි"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"සම්බන්ධ කළ නොහැකි විය"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"නිමයි"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"සුරකින්න"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"සම්බන්ධ කරන්න"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"පිහිටුවන්න"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"සැකසීම්"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sk/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sk/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46c45af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sk/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Spúšťa sa nastavenie…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Nastavte zariadenie"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Zariadenie bolo pripojené"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Nepodarilo sa pripojiť"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Hotovo"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Uložiť"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Pripojiť"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Nastaviť"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Nastavenia"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sl/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sl/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4f3c91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sl/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Začetek nastavitve …"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Nastavitev naprave"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Naprava je povezana"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Povezava ni mogoča"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Končano"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Shrani"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Poveži"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Nastavi"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Nastavitve"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sq/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sq/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9265d1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sq/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Po nis konfigurimin…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Konfiguro pajisjen"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Pajisja u lidh"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Nuk mund të lidhej"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"U krye"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Ruaj"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Lidh"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Konfiguro"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Cilësimet"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sr/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sr/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..094be03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sr/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Подешавање се покреће…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Подесите уређај"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Уређај је повезан"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Повезивање није успело"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Готово"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Сачувај"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Повежи"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Подеси"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Подешавања"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sv/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sv/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..297b7bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sv/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Konfigureringen startas …"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Konfigurera enheten"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Enheten är ansluten"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Det gick inte att ansluta"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Klar"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Spara"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Anslut"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Konfigurera"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Inställningar"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sw/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sw/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf0bfeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-sw/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Inaanza Kuweka Mipangilio…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Weka mipangilio ya kifaa"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Kifaa kimeunganishwa"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Imeshindwa kuunganisha"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Imemaliza"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Hifadhi"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Unganisha"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Weka mipangilio"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Mipangilio"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ta/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ta/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dfd67a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ta/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"அமைவைத் தொடங்குகிறது…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"சாதனத்தை அமையுங்கள்"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"சாதனம் இணைக்கப்பட்டது"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"இணைக்க முடியவில்லை"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"முடிந்தது"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"சேமி"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"இணை"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"அமை"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"அமைப்புகள்"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-te/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-te/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87be145
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-te/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"సెటప్ ప్రారంభమవుతోంది…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"పరికరాన్ని సెటప్ చేయండి"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"పరికరం కనెక్ట్ చేయబడింది"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"కనెక్ట్ చేయడం సాధ్యపడలేదు"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"పూర్తయింది"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"సేవ్ చేయండి"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"కనెక్ట్ చేయండి"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"సెటప్ చేయండి"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"సెట్టింగ్‌లు"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-th/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-th/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc4296b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-th/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"กำลังเริ่มการตั้งค่า…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"ตั้งค่าอุปกรณ์"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"เชื่อมต่ออุปกรณ์แล้ว"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"เชื่อมต่อไม่ได้"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"เสร็จสิ้น"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"บันทึก"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"เชื่อมต่อ"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"ตั้งค่า"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"การตั้งค่า"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-tl/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-tl/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6de0e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-tl/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Sinisimulan ang Pag-set Up…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"I-set up ang device"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Naikonekta na ang device"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Hindi makakonekta"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Tapos na"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"I-save"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Kumonekta"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"I-set up"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Mga Setting"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-tr/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-tr/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd5a6ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-tr/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Kurulum Başlatılıyor…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Cihazı kur"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Cihaz bağlandı"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Bağlanamadı"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Bitti"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Kaydet"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Bağlan"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Kur"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Ayarlar"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-uk/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-uk/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..242ca07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-uk/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Запуск налаштування…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Налаштуйте пристрій"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Пристрій підключено"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Не вдалося підключити"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Готово"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Зберегти"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Підключити"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Налаштувати"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Налаштування"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ur/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ur/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a4a59c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-ur/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"سیٹ اپ شروع ہو رہا ہے…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"آلہ سیٹ اپ کریں"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"آلہ منسلک ہے"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"منسلک نہیں ہو سکا"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"ہو گیا"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"محفوظ کریں"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"منسلک کریں"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"سیٹ اپ کریں"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"ترتیبات"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-uz/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-uz/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..420512d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-uz/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Sozlash boshlandi…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Qurilmani sozlash"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Qurilma ulandi"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Ulanmadi"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Tayyor"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Saqlash"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Ulanish"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Sozlash"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Sozlamalar"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-vi/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-vi/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c1e052
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-vi/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Đang bắt đầu thiết lập…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Thiết lập thiết bị"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Đã kết nối thiết bị"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Không kết nối được"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Xong"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Lưu"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Kết nối"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Thiết lập"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Cài đặt"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..482b5c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"正在启动设置…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"设置设备"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"设备已连接"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"无法连接"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"完成"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"保存"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"连接"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"设置"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"设置"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zh-rHK/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zh-rHK/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ca73e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zh-rHK/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"開始設定…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"設定裝置"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"已連接裝置"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"無法連接"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"完成"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"儲存"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"連接"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"設定"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"設定"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zh-rTW/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zh-rTW/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4e680d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zh-rTW/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"正在啟動設定程序…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"設定裝置"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"裝置已連線"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"無法連線"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"完成"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"儲存"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"連線"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"設定"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"設定"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zu/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zu/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33fb405
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values-zu/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- 
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+   -->
+
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress" msgid="4158762239172829807">"Iqalisa Ukusetha…"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup" msgid="2894360355540593246">"Setha idivayisi"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready" msgid="2903490346082833101">"Idivayisi ixhunyiwe"</string>
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail" msgid="5677174346601290232">"Ayikwazanga ukuxhuma"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_done" msgid="6888875159174470731">"Kwenziwe"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_save" msgid="6259357442067880136">"Londoloza"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_connect" msgid="4801102939608129181">"Xhuma"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_launch" msgid="8940808384126591230">"Setha"</string>
+    <string name="paring_action_settings" msgid="424875657242864302">"Amasethingi"</string>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/colors.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/colors.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b066665
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/colors.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<resources
+    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
+  <!-- Use original background color -->
+  <color name="fast_pair_notification_background">#00000000</color>
+  <!-- Ignores NewApi as below system colors are available since API 31, and HalfSheet is always
+       running on T+ even though it has min_sdk 30 to match its containing APEX -->
+  <color name="fast_pair_half_sheet_button_color" tools:ignore="NewApi">@android:color/system_accent1_100</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_half_sheet_button_text" tools:ignore="NewApi">@android:color/system_neutral1_900</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_half_sheet_button_accent_text" tools:ignore="NewApi">@android:color/system_neutral1_900</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_progress_color" tools:ignore="NewApi">@android:color/system_accent1_600</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_half_sheet_subtitle_color" tools:ignore="NewApi">@android:color/system_neutral2_700</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_half_sheet_text_color" tools:ignore="NewApi">@android:color/system_neutral1_900</color>
+
+  <!-- Nearby Discoverer -->
+  <color name="discovery_activity_accent">#4285F4</color>
+
+  <!-- Fast Pair -->
+  <color name="fast_pair_primary_text">#DE000000</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_notification_image_outline">#24000000</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_battery_level_low">#D93025</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_battery_level_normal">#80868B</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_half_sheet_background">#FFFFFF</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_half_sheet_color_accent">#1A73E8</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_fail_progress_color">#F44336</color>
+  <color name="fast_pair_progress_back_ground">#24000000</color>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/dimens.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/dimens.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f843042
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/dimens.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<resources>
+  <!-- Fast Pair notification values -->
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_halfsheet_mid_image_size">160dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_notification_text_size">14sp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_notification_text_size_small">11sp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_empty_view_height">4dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_margin_top">8dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_margin_bottom">8dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_content_height">40dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_content_height_v2">64dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_image_size">32dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_image_padding">3dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_half_sheet_min_height">350dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_half_sheet_image_size">215dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_half_sheet_land_image_size">136dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_connect_button_height">36dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="accessibility_required_min_touch_target_size">48dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_half_sheet_battery_case_image_size">152dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_half_sheet_battery_bud_image_size">100dp</dimen>
+  <integer name="half_sheet_battery_case_width_dp">156</integer>
+  <integer name="half_sheet_battery_case_height_dp">182</integer>
+
+  <!-- Maximum height for SliceView, override on slices/view/src/main/res/values/dimens.xml -->
+  <dimen name="abc_slice_large_height">360dp</dimen>
+
+  <dimen name="action_dialog_content_margin_left">16dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="action_dialog_content_margin_top">70dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="action_button_focused_elevation">4dp</dimen>
+  <!-- Subsequent Notification -->
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_notification_padding">4dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_notification_large_image_size">32dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_notification_small_image_size">32dp</dimen>
+  <!-- Battery Notification -->
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_main_view_padding">0dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_title_image_margin_start">0dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_title_text_margin_start">0dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_title_text_margin_start_v2">0dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_battery_notification_image_margin_start">0dp</dimen>
+
+  <dimen name="fast_pair_half_sheet_bottom_button_height">48dp</dimen>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/ints.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/ints.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07bf9d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/ints.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<resources>
+  <integer name="half_sheet_slide_in_duration">250</integer>
+  <integer name="half_sheet_fade_out_duration">250</integer>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/overlayable.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/overlayable.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fffa2e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/overlayable.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
+    <overlayable name="NearbyHalfSheetResourcesConfig">
+        <policy type="product|system|vendor">
+            <item type="color" name="fast_pair_half_sheet_background"/>
+            <item type="color" name="fast_pair_half_sheet_button_color"/>
+        </policy>
+    </overlayable>
+</resources>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/strings.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01a82e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+
+<resources>
+
+    <!--
+      ============================================================
+      PAIRING FRAGMENT
+      ============================================================
+    -->
+
+    <!--
+      A button shown to remind user setup is in progress. [CHAR LIMIT=30]
+    -->
+    <string name="fast_pair_setup_in_progress">Starting Setup&#x2026;</string>
+    <!--
+      Title text shown to remind user to setup a device through companion app. [CHAR LIMIT=40]
+    -->
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_setup">Set up device</string>
+    <!--
+      Title after we successfully pair with the audio device
+      [CHAR LIMIT=30]
+    -->
+    <string name="fast_pair_device_ready">Device connected</string>
+    <!-- Title text shown when peripheral device fail to connect to phone. [CHAR_LIMIT=30] -->
+    <string name="fast_pair_title_fail">Couldn\'t connect</string>
+
+    <!--
+      ============================================================
+      MISCELLANEOUS
+      ============================================================
+    -->
+
+    <!--
+      A button shown after paring process to dismiss the current activity.
+      [CHAR LIMIT=30]
+    -->
+    <string name="paring_action_done">Done</string>
+    <!--
+      A button shown for retroactive paring.
+      [CHAR LIMIT=30]
+     -->
+    <string name="paring_action_save">Save</string>
+    <!--
+      A button to start connecting process.
+      [CHAR LIMIT=30]
+     -->
+    <string name="paring_action_connect">Connect</string>
+    <!--
+      A button to launch a companion app.
+      [CHAR LIMIT=30]
+    -->
+    <string name="paring_action_launch">Set up</string>
+    <!--
+      A button to launch a bluetooth Settings page.
+      [CHAR LIMIT=20]
+    -->
+    <string name="paring_action_settings">Settings</string>
+</resources>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/styles.xml b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/styles.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..917bb63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/res/values/styles.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
+  <style name="HalfSheetStyle" parent="Theme.Material3.DayNight.NoActionBar">
+    <item name="android:windowFrame">@null</item>
+    <item name="android:windowBackground">@android:color/transparent</item>
+    <item name="android:windowEnterAnimation">@anim/fast_pair_half_sheet_slide_in</item>
+    <item name="android:windowExitAnimation">@anim/fast_pair_half_sheet_slide_out</item>
+    <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">true</item>
+    <item name="android:windowContentOverlay">@null</item>
+    <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item>
+    <item name="android:backgroundDimEnabled">true</item>
+    <item name="android:statusBarColor">@android:color/transparent</item>
+    <item name="android:fitsSystemWindows">true</item>
+    <item name="android:windowTranslucentNavigation">true</item>
+  </style>
+
+  <style name="HalfSheetButton" parent="@style/Widget.Material3.Button.TonalButton">
+    <item name="android:textColor">@color/fast_pair_half_sheet_button_accent_text</item>
+    <item name="android:backgroundTint">@color/fast_pair_half_sheet_button_color</item>
+    <item name="android:textSize">@dimen/fast_pair_notification_text_size</item>
+    <item name="android:fontFamily">google-sans-medium</item>
+    <item name="android:textAlignment">center</item>
+    <item name="android:textAllCaps">false</item>
+  </style>
+
+  <style name="HalfSheetButtonBorderless" parent="@style/Widget.Material3.Button.OutlinedButton">
+    <item name="android:textColor">@color/fast_pair_half_sheet_button_text</item>
+    <item name="android:strokeColor">@color/fast_pair_half_sheet_button_color</item>
+    <item name="android:textAllCaps">false</item>
+    <item name="android:textSize">@dimen/fast_pair_notification_text_size</item>
+    <item name="android:fontFamily">google-sans-medium</item>
+    <item name="android:layout_width">wrap_content</item>
+    <item name="android:layout_height">wrap_content</item>
+    <item name="android:textAlignment">center</item>
+    <item name="android:minHeight">@dimen/accessibility_required_min_touch_target_size</item>
+  </style>
+
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/FastPairUiServiceClient.java b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/FastPairUiServiceClient.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bec0c0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/FastPairUiServiceClient.java
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.nearby.halfsheet;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.FastPairDevice;
+import android.nearby.FastPairStatusCallback;
+import android.nearby.PairStatusMetadata;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairStatusCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairUiService;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.BinderThread;
+import androidx.annotation.UiThread;
+
+import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
+
+/**
+ *  A utility class for connecting to the {@link IFastPairUiService} and receive callbacks.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+@UiThread
+public class FastPairUiServiceClient {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "FastPairHalfSheet";
+
+    private final IBinder mBinder;
+    private final WeakReference<Context> mWeakContext;
+    IFastPairUiService mFastPairUiService;
+    PairStatusCallbackIBinder mPairStatusCallbackIBinder;
+
+    /**
+     * The Ibinder instance should be from
+     * {@link com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairUiServiceImpl} so that the client can
+     * talk with the service.
+     */
+    public FastPairUiServiceClient(Context context, IBinder binder) {
+        mBinder = binder;
+        mFastPairUiService = IFastPairUiService.Stub.asInterface(mBinder);
+        mWeakContext = new WeakReference<>(context);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Registers a callback at service to get UI updates.
+     */
+    public void registerHalfSheetStateCallBack(FastPairStatusCallback fastPairStatusCallback) {
+        if (mPairStatusCallbackIBinder != null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mPairStatusCallbackIBinder = new PairStatusCallbackIBinder(fastPairStatusCallback);
+        try {
+            mFastPairUiService.registerCallback(mPairStatusCallbackIBinder);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Failed to register fastPairStatusCallback", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pairs the device at service.
+     */
+    public void connect(FastPairDevice fastPairDevice) {
+        try {
+            mFastPairUiService.connect(fastPairDevice);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Failed to connect Fast Pair device" + fastPairDevice, e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cancels Fast Pair connection and dismisses half sheet.
+     */
+    public void cancel(FastPairDevice fastPairDevice) {
+        try {
+            mFastPairUiService.cancel(fastPairDevice);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Failed to connect Fast Pair device" + fastPairDevice, e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class PairStatusCallbackIBinder extends IFastPairStatusCallback.Stub {
+        private final FastPairStatusCallback mStatusCallback;
+
+        private PairStatusCallbackIBinder(FastPairStatusCallback fastPairStatusCallback) {
+            mStatusCallback = fastPairStatusCallback;
+        }
+
+        @BinderThread
+        @Override
+        public synchronized void onPairUpdate(FastPairDevice fastPairDevice,
+                PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata) {
+            Context context = mWeakContext.get();
+            if (context != null) {
+                Handler handler = new Handler(context.getMainLooper());
+                handler.post(() ->
+                        mStatusCallback.onPairUpdate(fastPairDevice, pairStatusMetadata));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/HalfSheetActivity.java b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/HalfSheetActivity.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a38b8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/HalfSheetActivity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.nearby.halfsheet;
+
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment.DevicePairingFragment.APP_LAUNCH_FRAGMENT_TYPE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairConstants.EXTRA_MODEL_ID;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.fastpair.service.UserActionHandlerBase.EXTRA_MAC_ADDRESS;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.ACTION_FAST_PAIR_HALF_SHEET_CANCEL;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.DEVICE_PAIRING_FRAGMENT_TYPE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_INFO;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_TYPE;
+
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.widget.TextView;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity;
+
+import com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment.DevicePairingFragment;
+import com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment.HalfSheetModuleFragment;
+import com.android.nearby.halfsheet.utils.BroadcastUtils;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+
+/**
+ * A class show Fast Pair related information in Half sheet format.
+ */
+public class HalfSheetActivity extends FragmentActivity {
+
+    public static final String TAG = "FastPairHalfSheet";
+
+    public static final String EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_CONTENT =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HALF_SHEET_CONTENT";
+    public static final String EXTRA_TITLE =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HALF_SHEET_TITLE";
+    public static final String EXTRA_DESCRIPTION =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HALF_SHEET_DESCRIPTION";
+    public static final String EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_ID =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HALF_SHEET_ID";
+    public static final String EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_IS_RETROACTIVE =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HALF_SHEET_IS_RETROACTIVE";
+    public static final String EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_IS_SUBSEQUENT_PAIR =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HALF_SHEET_IS_SUBSEQUENT_PAIR";
+    public static final String EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_PAIRING_RESURFACE =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_PAIRING_RESURFACE";
+    public static final String ACTION_HALF_SHEET_FOREGROUND_STATE =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.ACTION_HALF_SHEET_FOREGROUND_STATE";
+    // Intent extra contains the user gmail name eg. testaccount@gmail.com.
+    public static final String EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_ACCOUNT_NAME =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HALF_SHEET_ACCOUNT_NAME";
+    public static final String EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_FOREGROUND =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_FOREGROUND";
+    public static final String ARG_FRAGMENT_STATE = "ARG_FRAGMENT_STATE";
+    @Nullable
+    private HalfSheetModuleFragment mHalfSheetModuleFragment;
+    @Nullable
+    private Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem mScanFastPairStoreItem;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
+        byte[] infoArray = getIntent().getByteArrayExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_INFO);
+        String fragmentType = getIntent().getStringExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_TYPE);
+        if (infoArray == null || fragmentType == null) {
+            Log.d(
+                    "HalfSheetActivity",
+                    "exit flag off or do not have enough half sheet information.");
+            finish();
+            return;
+        }
+
+        switch (fragmentType) {
+            case DEVICE_PAIRING_FRAGMENT_TYPE:
+                mHalfSheetModuleFragment = DevicePairingFragment.newInstance(getIntent(),
+                        savedInstanceState);
+                if (mHalfSheetModuleFragment == null) {
+                    Log.d(TAG, "device pairing fragment has error.");
+                    finish();
+                    return;
+                }
+                break;
+            case APP_LAUNCH_FRAGMENT_TYPE:
+                // currentFragment = AppLaunchFragment.newInstance(getIntent());
+                if (mHalfSheetModuleFragment == null) {
+                    Log.v(TAG, "app launch fragment has error.");
+                    finish();
+                    return;
+                }
+                break;
+            default:
+                Log.w(TAG, "there is no valid type for half sheet");
+                finish();
+                return;
+        }
+        if (mHalfSheetModuleFragment != null) {
+            getSupportFragmentManager()
+                    .beginTransaction()
+                    .replace(R.id.fragment_container, mHalfSheetModuleFragment)
+                    .commit();
+        }
+        setContentView(R.layout.fast_pair_half_sheet);
+
+        // If the user taps on the background, then close the activity.
+        // Unless they tap on the card itself, then ignore the tap.
+        findViewById(R.id.background).setOnClickListener(v -> onCancelClicked());
+        findViewById(R.id.card)
+                .setOnClickListener(
+                        v -> Log.v(TAG, "card view is clicked noop"));
+        try {
+            mScanFastPairStoreItem =
+                    Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem.parseFrom(infoArray);
+        } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
+            Log.w(
+                    TAG, "error happens when pass info to half sheet");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onStart() {
+        super.onStart();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onSaveInstanceState(@NonNull Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onSaveInstanceState(savedInstanceState);
+        if (mHalfSheetModuleFragment != null) {
+            mHalfSheetModuleFragment.onSaveInstanceState(savedInstanceState);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onBackPressed() {
+        super.onBackPressed();
+        sendHalfSheetCancelBroadcast();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onUserLeaveHint() {
+        super.onUserLeaveHint();
+        sendHalfSheetCancelBroadcast();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {
+        super.onNewIntent(intent);
+        String fragmentType = getIntent().getStringExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_TYPE);
+        if (fragmentType == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (fragmentType.equals(DEVICE_PAIRING_FRAGMENT_TYPE)
+                && intent.getExtras() != null
+                && intent.getByteArrayExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_INFO) != null) {
+            try {
+                Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem testScanFastPairStoreItem =
+                        Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem.parseFrom(
+                                intent.getByteArrayExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_INFO));
+                if (mScanFastPairStoreItem != null
+                        && !testScanFastPairStoreItem.getAddress().equals(
+                        mScanFastPairStoreItem.getAddress())
+                        && testScanFastPairStoreItem.getModelId().equals(
+                        mScanFastPairStoreItem.getModelId())) {
+                    Log.d(TAG, "possible factory reset happens");
+                    halfSheetStateChange();
+                }
+            } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException | NullPointerException e) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "error happens when pass info to half sheet");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** This function should be called when user click empty area and cancel button. */
+    public void onCancelClicked() {
+        Log.d(TAG, "Cancels the half sheet and paring.");
+        sendHalfSheetCancelBroadcast();
+        finish();
+    }
+
+    /** Changes the half sheet foreground state to false. */
+    public void halfSheetStateChange() {
+        BroadcastUtils.sendBroadcast(
+                this,
+                new Intent(ACTION_HALF_SHEET_FOREGROUND_STATE)
+                        .putExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_FOREGROUND, false));
+        finish();
+    }
+
+    private void sendHalfSheetCancelBroadcast() {
+        BroadcastUtils.sendBroadcast(
+                this,
+                new Intent(ACTION_HALF_SHEET_FOREGROUND_STATE)
+                        .putExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_FOREGROUND, false));
+        if (mScanFastPairStoreItem != null) {
+            BroadcastUtils.sendBroadcast(
+                    this,
+                    new Intent(ACTION_FAST_PAIR_HALF_SHEET_CANCEL)
+                            .putExtra(EXTRA_MODEL_ID,
+                                    mScanFastPairStoreItem.getModelId().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT))
+                            .putExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_TYPE,
+                                    getIntent().getStringExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_TYPE))
+                            .putExtra(
+                                    EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_IS_SUBSEQUENT_PAIR,
+                                    getIntent().getBooleanExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_IS_SUBSEQUENT_PAIR,
+                                            false))
+                            .putExtra(
+                                    EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_IS_RETROACTIVE,
+                                    getIntent().getBooleanExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_IS_RETROACTIVE,
+                                            false))
+                            .putExtra(EXTRA_MAC_ADDRESS, mScanFastPairStoreItem.getAddress()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setTitle(CharSequence title) {
+        super.setTitle(title);
+        TextView toolbarTitle = findViewById(R.id.toolbar_title);
+        toolbarTitle.setText(title);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/fragment/DevicePairingFragment.java b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/fragment/DevicePairingFragment.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..320965b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/fragment/DevicePairingFragment.java
@@ -0,0 +1,487 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment;
+
+import static android.text.TextUtils.isEmpty;
+
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity.ARG_FRAGMENT_STATE;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity.EXTRA_DESCRIPTION;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity.EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_ACCOUNT_NAME;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity.EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_CONTENT;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity.EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_ID;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity.EXTRA_TITLE;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity.TAG;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment.HalfSheetModuleFragment.HalfSheetFragmentState.FAILED;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment.HalfSheetModuleFragment.HalfSheetFragmentState.FOUND_DEVICE;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment.HalfSheetModuleFragment.HalfSheetFragmentState.NOT_STARTED;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment.HalfSheetModuleFragment.HalfSheetFragmentState.PAIRED_LAUNCHABLE;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment.HalfSheetModuleFragment.HalfSheetFragmentState.PAIRED_UNLAUNCHABLE;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment.HalfSheetModuleFragment.HalfSheetFragmentState.PAIRING;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.EXTRA_BINDER;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.EXTRA_BUNDLE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_INFO;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.res.Configuration;
+import android.graphics.Bitmap;
+import android.nearby.FastPairDevice;
+import android.nearby.FastPairStatusCallback;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice;
+import android.nearby.PairStatusMetadata;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.provider.Settings;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.view.LayoutInflater;
+import android.view.View;
+import android.view.ViewGroup;
+import android.widget.Button;
+import android.widget.ImageView;
+import android.widget.ProgressBar;
+import android.widget.TextView;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.nearby.halfsheet.FastPairUiServiceClient;
+import com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity;
+import com.android.nearby.halfsheet.R;
+import com.android.nearby.halfsheet.utils.FastPairUtils;
+import com.android.nearby.halfsheet.utils.IconUtils;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import service.proto.Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem;
+
+/**
+ * Modularize half sheet for fast pair this fragment will show when half sheet does device pairing.
+ *
+ * <p>This fragment will handle initial pairing subsequent pairing and retroactive pairing.
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+public class DevicePairingFragment extends HalfSheetModuleFragment implements
+        FastPairStatusCallback {
+    private TextView mTitleView;
+    private TextView mSubTitleView;
+    private ImageView mImage;
+
+    private Button mConnectButton;
+    private Button mSetupButton;
+    private Button mCancelButton;
+    // Opens Bluetooth Settings.
+    private Button mSettingsButton;
+    private ImageView mInfoIconButton;
+    private ProgressBar mConnectProgressBar;
+
+    private Bundle mBundle;
+
+    private ScanFastPairStoreItem mScanFastPairStoreItem;
+    private FastPairUiServiceClient mFastPairUiServiceClient;
+
+    private @PairStatusMetadata.Status int mPairStatus = PairStatusMetadata.Status.UNKNOWN;
+    // True when there is a companion app to open.
+    private boolean mIsLaunchable;
+    private boolean mIsConnecting;
+    // Indicates that the setup button is clicked before.
+    private boolean mSetupButtonClicked = false;
+
+    // Holds the new text while we transition between the two.
+    private static final int TAG_PENDING_TEXT = R.id.toolbar_title;
+    public static final String APP_LAUNCH_FRAGMENT_TYPE = "APP_LAUNCH";
+
+    private static final String ARG_SETUP_BUTTON_CLICKED = "SETUP_BUTTON_CLICKED";
+    private static final String ARG_PAIRING_RESULT = "PAIRING_RESULT";
+
+    /**
+     * Create certain fragment according to the intent.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static HalfSheetModuleFragment newInstance(
+            Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle saveInstanceStates) {
+        Bundle args = new Bundle();
+        byte[] infoArray = intent.getByteArrayExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_INFO);
+
+        Bundle bundle = intent.getBundleExtra(EXTRA_BUNDLE);
+        String title = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_TITLE);
+        String description = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_DESCRIPTION);
+        String accountName = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_ACCOUNT_NAME);
+        String result = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_CONTENT);
+        int halfSheetId = intent.getIntExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_ID, 0);
+
+        args.putByteArray(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_INFO, infoArray);
+        args.putString(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_ACCOUNT_NAME, accountName);
+        args.putString(EXTRA_TITLE, title);
+        args.putString(EXTRA_DESCRIPTION, description);
+        args.putInt(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_ID, halfSheetId);
+        args.putString(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_CONTENT, result == null ? "" : result);
+        args.putBundle(EXTRA_BUNDLE, bundle);
+        if (saveInstanceStates != null) {
+            if (saveInstanceStates.containsKey(ARG_FRAGMENT_STATE)) {
+                args.putSerializable(
+                        ARG_FRAGMENT_STATE, saveInstanceStates.getSerializable(ARG_FRAGMENT_STATE));
+            }
+            if (saveInstanceStates.containsKey(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE)) {
+                args.putParcelable(
+                        BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE,
+                        saveInstanceStates.getParcelable(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE));
+            }
+            if (saveInstanceStates.containsKey(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_KEY)) {
+                args.putInt(
+                        BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_KEY,
+                        saveInstanceStates.getInt(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_KEY));
+            }
+            if (saveInstanceStates.containsKey(ARG_SETUP_BUTTON_CLICKED)) {
+                args.putBoolean(
+                        ARG_SETUP_BUTTON_CLICKED,
+                        saveInstanceStates.getBoolean(ARG_SETUP_BUTTON_CLICKED));
+            }
+            if (saveInstanceStates.containsKey(ARG_PAIRING_RESULT)) {
+                args.putBoolean(ARG_PAIRING_RESULT,
+                        saveInstanceStates.getBoolean(ARG_PAIRING_RESULT));
+            }
+        }
+        DevicePairingFragment fragment = new DevicePairingFragment();
+        fragment.setArguments(args);
+        return fragment;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    @Override
+    public View onCreateView(
+            LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container,
+            @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        /* attachToRoot= */
+        View rootView = inflater.inflate(
+                R.layout.fast_pair_device_pairing_fragment, container, /* attachToRoot= */
+                false);
+        if (getContext() == null) {
+            Log.d(TAG, "can't find the attached activity");
+            return rootView;
+        }
+
+        Bundle args = getArguments();
+        byte[] storeFastPairItemBytesArray = args.getByteArray(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_INFO);
+        mBundle = args.getBundle(EXTRA_BUNDLE);
+        if (mBundle != null) {
+            mFastPairUiServiceClient =
+                    new FastPairUiServiceClient(getContext(), mBundle.getBinder(EXTRA_BINDER));
+            mFastPairUiServiceClient.registerHalfSheetStateCallBack(this);
+        }
+        if (args.containsKey(ARG_FRAGMENT_STATE)) {
+            mFragmentState = (HalfSheetFragmentState) args.getSerializable(ARG_FRAGMENT_STATE);
+        }
+        if (args.containsKey(ARG_SETUP_BUTTON_CLICKED)) {
+            mSetupButtonClicked = args.getBoolean(ARG_SETUP_BUTTON_CLICKED);
+        }
+        if (args.containsKey(ARG_PAIRING_RESULT)) {
+            mPairStatus = args.getInt(ARG_PAIRING_RESULT);
+        }
+
+        // Initiate views.
+        mTitleView = Objects.requireNonNull(getActivity()).findViewById(R.id.toolbar_title);
+        mSubTitleView = rootView.findViewById(R.id.header_subtitle);
+        mImage = rootView.findViewById(R.id.pairing_pic);
+        mConnectProgressBar = rootView.findViewById(R.id.connect_progressbar);
+        mConnectButton = rootView.findViewById(R.id.connect_btn);
+        mCancelButton = rootView.findViewById(R.id.cancel_btn);
+        mSettingsButton = rootView.findViewById(R.id.settings_btn);
+        mSetupButton = rootView.findViewById(R.id.setup_btn);
+        mInfoIconButton = rootView.findViewById(R.id.info_icon);
+        mInfoIconButton.setImageResource(R.drawable.fast_pair_ic_info);
+
+        try {
+            setScanFastPairStoreItem(ScanFastPairStoreItem.parseFrom(storeFastPairItemBytesArray));
+        } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG,
+                    "DevicePairingFragment: error happens when pass info to half sheet");
+            return rootView;
+        }
+
+        // Config for landscape mode
+        DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = getContext().getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
+        if (getResources().getConfiguration().orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {
+            rootView.getLayoutParams().height = displayMetrics.heightPixels * 4 / 5;
+            rootView.getLayoutParams().width = displayMetrics.heightPixels * 4 / 5;
+            mImage.getLayoutParams().height = displayMetrics.heightPixels / 2;
+            mImage.getLayoutParams().width = displayMetrics.heightPixels / 2;
+            mConnectProgressBar.getLayoutParams().width = displayMetrics.heightPixels / 2;
+            mConnectButton.getLayoutParams().width = displayMetrics.heightPixels / 2;
+            //TODO(b/213373051): Add cancel button
+        }
+
+        Bitmap icon = IconUtils.getIcon(mScanFastPairStoreItem.getIconPng().toByteArray(),
+                mScanFastPairStoreItem.getIconPng().size());
+        if (icon != null) {
+            mImage.setImageBitmap(icon);
+        }
+        mConnectButton.setOnClickListener(v -> onConnectClick());
+        mCancelButton.setOnClickListener(v ->
+                ((HalfSheetActivity) getActivity()).onCancelClicked());
+        mSettingsButton.setOnClickListener(v -> onSettingsClicked());
+        mSetupButton.setOnClickListener(v -> onSetupClick());
+
+        return rootView;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
+        // Get access to the activity's menu
+        setHasOptionsMenu(true);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onStart() {
+        super.onStart();
+        Log.v(TAG, "onStart: invalidate states");
+        invalidateState();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onSaveInstanceState(savedInstanceState);
+
+        savedInstanceState.putSerializable(ARG_FRAGMENT_STATE, mFragmentState);
+        savedInstanceState.putBoolean(ARG_SETUP_BUTTON_CLICKED, mSetupButtonClicked);
+        savedInstanceState.putInt(ARG_PAIRING_RESULT, mPairStatus);
+    }
+
+    private void onSettingsClicked() {
+        startActivity(new Intent(Settings.ACTION_BLUETOOTH_SETTINGS));
+    }
+
+    private void onSetupClick() {
+        String companionApp =
+                FastPairUtils.getCompanionAppFromActionUrl(mScanFastPairStoreItem.getActionUrl());
+        Intent intent =
+                FastPairUtils.createCompanionAppIntent(
+                        Objects.requireNonNull(getContext()),
+                        companionApp,
+                        mScanFastPairStoreItem.getAddress());
+        mSetupButtonClicked = true;
+        if (mFragmentState == PAIRED_LAUNCHABLE) {
+            if (intent != null) {
+                startActivity(intent);
+            }
+        } else {
+            Log.d(TAG, "onSetupClick: State is " + mFragmentState);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void onConnectClick() {
+        if (mScanFastPairStoreItem == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "No pairing related information in half sheet");
+            return;
+        }
+        if (getFragmentState() == PAIRING) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mIsConnecting = true;
+        invalidateState();
+        mFastPairUiServiceClient.connect(
+                new FastPairDevice.Builder()
+                        .addMedium(NearbyDevice.Medium.BLE)
+                        .setBluetoothAddress(mScanFastPairStoreItem.getAddress())
+                        .setData(FastPairUtils.convertFrom(mScanFastPairStoreItem)
+                                .toByteArray())
+                        .build());
+    }
+
+    // Receives callback from service.
+    @Override
+    public void onPairUpdate(FastPairDevice fastPairDevice, PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata) {
+        @PairStatusMetadata.Status int status = pairStatusMetadata.getStatus();
+        if (status == PairStatusMetadata.Status.DISMISS && getActivity() != null) {
+            getActivity().finish();
+        }
+        mIsConnecting = false;
+        mPairStatus = status;
+        invalidateState();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void invalidateState() {
+        HalfSheetFragmentState newState = NOT_STARTED;
+        if (mIsConnecting) {
+            newState = PAIRING;
+        } else {
+            switch (mPairStatus) {
+                case PairStatusMetadata.Status.SUCCESS:
+                    newState = mIsLaunchable ? PAIRED_LAUNCHABLE : PAIRED_UNLAUNCHABLE;
+                    break;
+                case PairStatusMetadata.Status.FAIL:
+                    newState = FAILED;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    if (mScanFastPairStoreItem != null) {
+                        newState = FOUND_DEVICE;
+                    }
+            }
+        }
+        if (newState == mFragmentState) {
+            return;
+        }
+        setState(newState);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setState(HalfSheetFragmentState state) {
+        super.setState(state);
+        invalidateTitles();
+        invalidateButtons();
+    }
+
+    private void setScanFastPairStoreItem(ScanFastPairStoreItem item) {
+        mScanFastPairStoreItem = item;
+        invalidateLaunchable();
+    }
+
+    private void invalidateLaunchable() {
+        String companionApp =
+                FastPairUtils.getCompanionAppFromActionUrl(mScanFastPairStoreItem.getActionUrl());
+        if (isEmpty(companionApp)) {
+            mIsLaunchable = false;
+            return;
+        }
+        mIsLaunchable =
+                FastPairUtils.isLaunchable(Objects.requireNonNull(getContext()), companionApp);
+    }
+
+    private void invalidateButtons() {
+        mConnectProgressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
+        mConnectButton.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
+        mCancelButton.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
+        mSetupButton.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
+        mSettingsButton.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
+        mInfoIconButton.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
+
+        switch (mFragmentState) {
+            case FOUND_DEVICE:
+                mInfoIconButton.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
+                mConnectButton.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
+                break;
+            case PAIRING:
+                mConnectProgressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
+                mCancelButton.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
+                setBackgroundClickable(false);
+                break;
+            case PAIRED_LAUNCHABLE:
+                mCancelButton.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
+                mSetupButton.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
+                setBackgroundClickable(true);
+                break;
+            case FAILED:
+                mSettingsButton.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
+                setBackgroundClickable(true);
+                break;
+            case NOT_STARTED:
+            case PAIRED_UNLAUNCHABLE:
+            default:
+                mCancelButton.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
+                setBackgroundClickable(true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void setBackgroundClickable(boolean isClickable) {
+        HalfSheetActivity activity = (HalfSheetActivity) getActivity();
+        if (activity == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "setBackgroundClickable: failed to set clickable to " + isClickable
+                    + " because cannot get HalfSheetActivity.");
+            return;
+        }
+        View background = activity.findViewById(R.id.background);
+        if (background == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "setBackgroundClickable: failed to set clickable to " + isClickable
+                    + " cannot find background at HalfSheetActivity.");
+            return;
+        }
+        Log.d(TAG, "setBackgroundClickable to " + isClickable);
+        background.setClickable(isClickable);
+    }
+
+    private void invalidateTitles() {
+        String newTitle = getTitle();
+        invalidateTextView(mTitleView, newTitle);
+        String newSubTitle = getSubTitle();
+        invalidateTextView(mSubTitleView, newSubTitle);
+    }
+
+    private void invalidateTextView(TextView textView, String newText) {
+        CharSequence oldText =
+                textView.getTag(TAG_PENDING_TEXT) != null
+                        ? (CharSequence) textView.getTag(TAG_PENDING_TEXT)
+                        : textView.getText();
+        if (TextUtils.equals(oldText, newText)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(oldText)) {
+            // First time run. Don't animate since there's nothing to animate from.
+            textView.setText(newText);
+        } else {
+            textView.setTag(TAG_PENDING_TEXT, newText);
+            textView
+                    .animate()
+                    .alpha(0f)
+                    .setDuration(TEXT_ANIMATION_DURATION_MILLISECONDS)
+                    .withEndAction(
+                            () -> {
+                                textView.setText(newText);
+                                textView
+                                        .animate()
+                                        .alpha(1f)
+                                        .setDuration(TEXT_ANIMATION_DURATION_MILLISECONDS);
+                            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    private String getTitle() {
+        switch (mFragmentState) {
+            case PAIRED_LAUNCHABLE:
+                return getString(R.string.fast_pair_title_setup);
+            case FAILED:
+                return getString(R.string.fast_pair_title_fail);
+            case FOUND_DEVICE:
+            case NOT_STARTED:
+            case PAIRED_UNLAUNCHABLE:
+            default:
+                return mScanFastPairStoreItem.getDeviceName();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private String getSubTitle() {
+        switch (mFragmentState) {
+            case PAIRED_LAUNCHABLE:
+                return String.format(
+                        mScanFastPairStoreItem
+                                .getFastPairStrings()
+                                .getPairingFinishedCompanionAppInstalled(),
+                        mScanFastPairStoreItem.getDeviceName());
+            case FAILED:
+                return mScanFastPairStoreItem.getFastPairStrings().getPairingFailDescription();
+            case PAIRED_UNLAUNCHABLE:
+                getString(R.string.fast_pair_device_ready);
+            // fall through
+            case FOUND_DEVICE:
+            case NOT_STARTED:
+                return mScanFastPairStoreItem.getFastPairStrings().getInitialPairingDescription();
+            default:
+                return "";
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/fragment/HalfSheetModuleFragment.java b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/fragment/HalfSheetModuleFragment.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1db4d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/fragment/HalfSheetModuleFragment.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment;
+
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity.TAG;
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.fragment.HalfSheetModuleFragment.HalfSheetFragmentState.NOT_STARTED;
+
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
+
+
+/** Base class for all of the half sheet fragment. */
+public abstract class HalfSheetModuleFragment extends Fragment {
+
+    static final int TEXT_ANIMATION_DURATION_MILLISECONDS = 200;
+
+    HalfSheetFragmentState mFragmentState = NOT_STARTED;
+
+    @Override
+    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onDestroy() {
+        super.onDestroy();
+    }
+
+    /** UI states of the half-sheet fragment. */
+    public enum HalfSheetFragmentState {
+        NOT_STARTED, // Initial status
+        FOUND_DEVICE, // When a device is found found from Nearby scan service
+        PAIRING, // When user taps 'Connect' and Fast Pair stars pairing process
+        PAIRED_LAUNCHABLE, // When pair successfully
+        // and we found a launchable companion app installed
+        PAIRED_UNLAUNCHABLE, // When pair successfully
+        // but we cannot find a companion app to launch it
+        FAILED, // When paring was failed
+        FINISHED // When the activity is about to end finished.
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the {@link HalfSheetFragmentState} to the parent activity.
+     *
+     * <p>Overrides this method if the fragment's state needs to be preserved in the parent
+     * activity.
+     */
+    public HalfSheetFragmentState getFragmentState() {
+        return mFragmentState;
+    }
+
+    void setState(HalfSheetFragmentState state) {
+        Log.v(TAG, "Settings state from " + mFragmentState + " to " + state);
+        mFragmentState = state;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Populate data to UI widgets according to the latest {@link HalfSheetFragmentState}.
+     */
+    abstract void invalidateState();
+}
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/utils/BroadcastUtils.java b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/utils/BroadcastUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..467997c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/utils/BroadcastUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.nearby.halfsheet.utils;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+
+/**
+ * Broadcast util class
+ */
+public class BroadcastUtils {
+
+    /**
+     * Helps send broadcast.
+     */
+    public static void sendBroadcast(Context context, Intent intent) {
+        context.sendBroadcast(intent);
+    }
+
+    private BroadcastUtils() {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/utils/FastPairUtils.java b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/utils/FastPairUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00a365c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/utils/FastPairUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.android.nearby.halfsheet.utils;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.fastpair.service.UserActionHandlerBase.EXTRA_COMPANION_APP;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.UserActionHandler.ACTION_FAST_PAIR;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import java.net.URISyntaxException;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+
+/**
+ * Util class in half sheet apk
+ */
+public class FastPairUtils {
+
+    /** FastPair util method check certain app is install on the device or not. */
+    public static boolean isAppInstalled(Context context, String packageName) {
+        try {
+            context.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(packageName, 0);
+            return true;
+        } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** FastPair util method to properly format the action url extra. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static String getCompanionAppFromActionUrl(String actionUrl) {
+        try {
+            Intent intent = Intent.parseUri(actionUrl, Intent.URI_INTENT_SCHEME);
+            if (!intent.getAction().equals(ACTION_FAST_PAIR)) {
+                Log.e("FastPairUtils", "Companion app launch attempted from malformed action url");
+                return null;
+            }
+            return intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_COMPANION_APP);
+        } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
+            Log.e("FastPairUtils", "FastPair: fail to get companion app info from discovery item");
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts {@link service.proto.Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem} from
+     * {@link service.proto.Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem}
+     */
+    public static Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem convertFrom(Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem item) {
+        return convertFrom(item, /* isSubsequentPair= */ false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a {@link service.proto.Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem}
+     * to a {@link service.proto.Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem}.
+     *
+     * <p>This is needed to make the new Fast Pair scanning stack compatible with the rest of the
+     * legacy Fast Pair code.
+     */
+    public static Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem convertFrom(
+            Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem item, boolean isSubsequentPair) {
+        return Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.newBuilder()
+                .setId(item.getModelId())
+                .setFirstObservationTimestampMillis(item.getFirstObservationTimestampMillis())
+                .setLastObservationTimestampMillis(item.getLastObservationTimestampMillis())
+                .setActionUrl(item.getActionUrl())
+                .setActionUrlType(Cache.ResolvedUrlType.APP)
+                .setTitle(
+                        isSubsequentPair
+                                ? item.getFastPairStrings().getTapToPairWithoutAccount()
+                                : item.getDeviceName())
+                .setMacAddress(item.getAddress())
+                .setState(Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.STATE_ENABLED)
+                .setTriggerId(item.getModelId())
+                .setIconPng(item.getIconPng())
+                .setIconFifeUrl(item.getIconFifeUrl())
+                .setDescription(
+                        isSubsequentPair
+                                ? item.getDeviceName()
+                                : item.getFastPairStrings().getTapToPairWithoutAccount())
+                .setAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1(item.getAntiSpoofingPublicKey())
+                .setCompanionDetail(item.getCompanionDetail())
+                .setFastPairStrings(item.getFastPairStrings())
+                .setFastPairInformation(
+                        Cache.FastPairInformation.newBuilder()
+                                .setDataOnlyConnection(item.getDataOnlyConnection())
+                                .setTrueWirelessImages(item.getTrueWirelessImages())
+                                .setAssistantSupported(item.getAssistantSupported())
+                                .setCompanyName(item.getCompanyName()))
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true the application is installed and can be opened on device.
+     */
+    public static boolean isLaunchable(@NonNull Context context, String companionApp) {
+        return isAppInstalled(context, companionApp)
+                && createCompanionAppIntent(context, companionApp, null) != null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an intent to launch given the package name and bluetooth address (if provided).
+     * Returns null if no such an intent can be found.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static Intent createCompanionAppIntent(@NonNull Context context, String packageName,
+            @Nullable String address) {
+        Intent intent = context.getPackageManager().getLaunchIntentForPackage(packageName);
+        if (intent == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (address != null) {
+            BluetoothAdapter adapter = getBluetoothAdapter(context);
+            if (adapter != null) {
+                intent.putExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE, adapter.getRemoteDevice(address));
+            }
+        }
+        return intent;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private static BluetoothAdapter getBluetoothAdapter(@NonNull Context context) {
+        BluetoothManager bluetoothManager = context.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class);
+        return bluetoothManager == null ? null : bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
+    }
+
+    private FastPairUtils() {}
+}
diff --git a/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/utils/IconUtils.java b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/utils/IconUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..218c756
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/halfsheet/src/com/android/nearby/halfsheet/utils/IconUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.nearby.halfsheet.utils;
+
+import static com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity.TAG;
+
+import android.graphics.Bitmap;
+import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
+import android.graphics.Canvas;
+import android.graphics.Color;
+import android.graphics.Paint;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.core.graphics.ColorUtils;
+
+/**
+ * Utility class for icon size verification.
+ */
+public class IconUtils {
+
+    private static final float NOTIFICATION_BACKGROUND_PADDING_PERCENT = 0.125f;
+    private static final float NOTIFICATION_BACKGROUND_ALPHA = 0.7f;
+    private static final int MIN_ICON_SIZE = 16;
+    private static final int DESIRED_ICON_SIZE = 32;
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that the icon is non null and falls in the small bucket. Just because an icon isn't
+     * small doesn't guarantee it is large or exists.
+     */
+    public static boolean isIconSizedSmall(@Nullable Bitmap bitmap) {
+        if (bitmap == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return bitmap.getWidth() >= MIN_ICON_SIZE
+                && bitmap.getWidth() < DESIRED_ICON_SIZE
+                && bitmap.getHeight() >= MIN_ICON_SIZE
+                && bitmap.getHeight() < DESIRED_ICON_SIZE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that the icon is non null and falls in the regular / default size bucket. Doesn't
+     * guarantee if not regular then it is small.
+     */
+    static boolean isIconSizedRegular(@Nullable Bitmap bitmap) {
+        if (bitmap == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return bitmap.getWidth() >= DESIRED_ICON_SIZE && bitmap.getHeight() >= DESIRED_ICON_SIZE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * All icons that are sized correctly (larger than the MIN_ICON_SIZE icon size)
+     * are resize on the server to the DESIRED_ICON_SIZE icon size so that
+     * they appear correct.
+     */
+    public static boolean isIconSizeCorrect(@Nullable Bitmap bitmap) {
+        if (bitmap == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return isIconSizedSmall(bitmap) || isIconSizedRegular(bitmap);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the bitmap from the byte array. Returns null if cannot decode or not in correct size.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static Bitmap getIcon(byte[] imageData, int size) {
+        try {
+            Bitmap icon =
+                    BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(imageData, /* offset= */ 0, size);
+            if (IconUtils.isIconSizeCorrect(icon)) {
+                // Do not add background for Half Sheet.
+                return IconUtils.addWhiteCircleBackground(icon);
+            }
+        } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "getIcon: Failed to decode icon, returning null.", e);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /** Adds a circular, white background to the bitmap. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static Bitmap addWhiteCircleBackground(Bitmap bitmap) {
+        if (bitmap == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "addWhiteCircleBackground: Bitmap is null, not adding background.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (bitmap.getWidth() != bitmap.getHeight()) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "addWhiteCircleBackground: Bitmap dimensions not square. Skipping"
+                    + "adding background.");
+            return bitmap;
+        }
+
+        int padding = (int) (bitmap.getWidth() * NOTIFICATION_BACKGROUND_PADDING_PERCENT);
+        Bitmap bitmapWithBackground =
+                Bitmap.createBitmap(
+                        bitmap.getWidth() + (2 * padding),
+                        bitmap.getHeight() + (2 * padding),
+                        bitmap.getConfig());
+        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmapWithBackground);
+        Paint paint = new Paint();
+        paint.setColor(
+                ColorUtils.setAlphaComponent(
+                        Color.WHITE, (int) (255 * NOTIFICATION_BACKGROUND_ALPHA)));
+        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
+        paint.setAntiAlias(true);
+        canvas.drawCircle(
+                bitmapWithBackground.getWidth() / 2,
+                bitmapWithBackground.getHeight() / 2,
+                bitmapWithBackground.getWidth() / 2,
+                paint);
+        canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, padding, padding, null);
+
+        return bitmapWithBackground;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service-src/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyService.java b/nearby/service-src/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyService.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 88752cc..0000000
--- a/nearby/service-src/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyService.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.server.nearby;
-
-import android.content.Context;
-import android.os.Binder;
-
-/**
- * Stub NearbyService class, used until NearbyService code is available in all branches.
- *
- * This can be published as an empty service in branches that use it.
- */
-public final class NearbyService extends Binder {
-    public NearbyService(Context ctx) {
-        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("This is a stub service");
-    }
-
-    /** Called by the service initializer on each boot phase */
-    public void onBootPhase(int phase) {
-        // Do nothing
-    }
-}
diff --git a/nearby/service/Android.bp b/nearby/service/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d318a80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+filegroup {
+    name: "nearby-service-srcs",
+    srcs: [
+        "java/**/*.java",
+        ":statslog-nearby-java-gen",
+    ],
+}
+
+filegroup {
+    name: "nearby-service-string-res",
+    srcs: [
+        "java/**/Constant.java",
+        "java/**/UserActionHandlerBase.java",
+        "java/**/UserActionHandler.java",
+        "java/**/FastPairConstants.java",
+    ],
+}
+
+java_library {
+    name: "nearby-service-string",
+    srcs: [":nearby-service-string-res"],
+    libs: ["framework-bluetooth"],
+    sdk_version: "module_current",
+}
+
+// Common lib for nearby end-to-end testing.
+java_library {
+    name: "nearby-common-lib",
+    srcs: [
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/*.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/*.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAddress.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothUuids.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Bytes.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Constants.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HmacSha256.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Ltv.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/MessageStreamHmacEncoder.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/NamingEncoder.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/**/*.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/*.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/*.java",
+    ],
+    libs: [
+        "androidx.annotation_annotation",
+        "androidx.core_core",
+        "error_prone_annotations",
+        "framework-bluetooth",
+        "guava",
+    ],
+    sdk_version: "module_current",
+    visibility: [
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider",
+    ],
+}
+
+// Main lib for nearby services.
+java_library {
+    name: "service-nearby-pre-jarjar",
+    srcs: [":nearby-service-srcs"],
+
+    defaults: [
+        "framework-system-server-module-defaults"
+    ],
+    libs: [
+        "androidx.annotation_annotation",
+        "framework-bluetooth.stubs.module_lib", // TODO(b/215722418): Change to framework-bluetooth once fixed
+        "error_prone_annotations",
+        "framework-connectivity-t.impl",
+        "framework-statsd.stubs.module_lib",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "androidx.core_core",
+        "guava",
+        "libprotobuf-java-lite",
+        "fast-pair-lite-protos",
+        "modules-utils-build",
+        "modules-utils-handlerexecutor",
+        "modules-utils-preconditions",
+        "modules-utils-backgroundthread",
+        "presence-lite-protos",
+    ],
+    sdk_version: "system_server_current",
+    // This is included in service-connectivity which is 30+
+    // TODO: allow APEXes to have service jars with higher min_sdk than the APEX
+    // (service-connectivity is only used on 31+) and use 31 here
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
+
+    dex_preopt: {
+        enabled: false,
+        app_image: false,
+    },
+    visibility: [
+        "//packages/modules/Nearby/apex",
+    ],
+    apex_available: [
+        "com.android.tethering",
+    ],
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "statslog-nearby-java-gen",
+    tools: ["stats-log-api-gen"],
+    cmd: "$(location stats-log-api-gen) --java $(out) --module nearby " +
+         " --javaPackage com.android.server.nearby.proto --javaClass NearbyStatsLog" +
+         " --minApiLevel 33",
+    out: ["com/android/server/nearby/proto/NearbyStatsLog.java"],
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyConfiguration.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyConfiguration.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8fdac87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyConfiguration.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby;
+
+import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
+
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+/**
+ * A utility class for encapsulating Nearby feature flag configurations.
+ */
+public class NearbyConfiguration {
+
+    /**
+     * Flag use to enable presence legacy broadcast.
+     */
+    public static final String NEARBY_ENABLE_PRESENCE_BROADCAST_LEGACY =
+            "nearby_enable_presence_broadcast_legacy";
+
+    private boolean mEnablePresenceBroadcastLegacy;
+
+    public NearbyConfiguration() {
+        mEnablePresenceBroadcastLegacy = getDeviceConfigBoolean(
+                NEARBY_ENABLE_PRESENCE_BROADCAST_LEGACY, false /* defaultValue */);
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether broadcasting legacy presence spec is enabled.
+     */
+    public boolean isPresenceBroadcastLegacyEnabled() {
+        return mEnablePresenceBroadcastLegacy;
+    }
+
+    private boolean getDeviceConfigBoolean(final String name, final boolean defaultValue) {
+        final String value = getDeviceConfigProperty(name);
+        return value != null ? Boolean.parseBoolean(value) : defaultValue;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected String getDeviceConfigProperty(String name) {
+        return DeviceConfig.getProperty(DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_TETHERING, name);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyService.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyService.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be3b84e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyService.java
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby;
+
+import static com.android.server.SystemService.PHASE_BOOT_COMPLETED;
+import static com.android.server.SystemService.PHASE_SYSTEM_SERVICES_READY;
+import static com.android.server.SystemService.PHASE_THIRD_PARTY_APPS_CAN_START;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
+import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubManager;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequestParcelable;
+import android.nearby.IBroadcastListener;
+import android.nearby.INearbyManager;
+import android.nearby.IScanListener;
+import android.nearby.NearbyManager;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.injector.Injector;
+import com.android.server.nearby.presence.PresenceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.provider.BroadcastProviderManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.provider.DiscoveryProviderManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.provider.FastPairDataProvider;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.identity.CallerIdentity;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions.BroadcastPermissions;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions.DiscoveryPermissions;
+
+/** Service implementing nearby functionality. */
+public class NearbyService extends INearbyManager.Stub {
+    public static final String TAG = "NearbyService";
+    // Sets to true to start BLE scan from PresenceManager for manual testing.
+    public static final Boolean MANUAL_TEST = false;
+    // Sets to true to support Mainline Test App.
+    // This will disable BLE privilege check and legacy broadcast support check.
+    public static final Boolean SUPPORT_TEST_APP = false;
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private Injector mInjector;
+    private final FastPairManager mFastPairManager;
+    private final PresenceManager mPresenceManager;
+    private final BroadcastReceiver mBluetoothReceiver =
+            new BroadcastReceiver() {
+                @Override
+                public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+                    int state =
+                            intent.getIntExtra(
+                                    BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, BluetoothAdapter.ERROR);
+                    if (state == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) {
+                        if (mInjector != null && mInjector instanceof SystemInjector) {
+                            // Have to do this logic in listener. Even during PHASE_BOOT_COMPLETED
+                            // phase, BluetoothAdapter is not null, the BleScanner is null.
+                            Log.v(TAG, "Initiating BluetoothAdapter when Bluetooth is turned on.");
+                            ((SystemInjector) mInjector).initializeBluetoothAdapter();
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+    private DiscoveryProviderManager mProviderManager;
+    private BroadcastProviderManager mBroadcastProviderManager;
+
+    public NearbyService(Context context) {
+        mContext = context;
+        mInjector = new SystemInjector(context);
+        mProviderManager = new DiscoveryProviderManager(context, mInjector);
+        mBroadcastProviderManager = new BroadcastProviderManager(context, mInjector);
+        final LocatorContextWrapper lcw = new LocatorContextWrapper(context, null);
+        mFastPairManager = new FastPairManager(lcw);
+        mPresenceManager = new PresenceManager(lcw);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void setInjector(Injector injector) {
+        this.mInjector = injector;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @NearbyManager.ScanStatus
+    public int registerScanListener(ScanRequest scanRequest, IScanListener listener,
+            String packageName, @Nullable String attributionTag) {
+        // Permissions check
+        enforceBluetoothPrivilegedPermission(mContext);
+        CallerIdentity identity = CallerIdentity.fromBinder(mContext, packageName, attributionTag);
+        DiscoveryPermissions.enforceDiscoveryPermission(mContext, identity);
+
+        if (mProviderManager.registerScanListener(scanRequest, listener, identity)) {
+            return NearbyManager.ScanStatus.SUCCESS;
+        }
+        return NearbyManager.ScanStatus.ERROR;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void unregisterScanListener(IScanListener listener, String packageName,
+            @Nullable String attributionTag) {
+        // Permissions check
+        enforceBluetoothPrivilegedPermission(mContext);
+        CallerIdentity identity = CallerIdentity.fromBinder(mContext, packageName, attributionTag);
+        DiscoveryPermissions.enforceDiscoveryPermission(mContext, identity);
+
+        mProviderManager.unregisterScanListener(listener);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void startBroadcast(BroadcastRequestParcelable broadcastRequestParcelable,
+            IBroadcastListener listener, String packageName, @Nullable String attributionTag) {
+        // Permissions check
+        enforceBluetoothPrivilegedPermission(mContext);
+        BroadcastPermissions.enforceBroadcastPermission(
+                mContext, CallerIdentity.fromBinder(mContext, packageName, attributionTag));
+
+        mBroadcastProviderManager.startBroadcast(
+                broadcastRequestParcelable.getBroadcastRequest(), listener);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void stopBroadcast(IBroadcastListener listener, String packageName,
+            @Nullable String attributionTag) {
+        // Permissions check
+        enforceBluetoothPrivilegedPermission(mContext);
+        CallerIdentity identity = CallerIdentity.fromBinder(mContext, packageName, attributionTag);
+        BroadcastPermissions.enforceBroadcastPermission(mContext, identity);
+
+        mBroadcastProviderManager.stopBroadcast(listener);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called by the service initializer.
+     *
+     * <p>{@see com.android.server.SystemService#onBootPhase}.
+     */
+    public void onBootPhase(int phase) {
+        switch (phase) {
+            case PHASE_SYSTEM_SERVICES_READY:
+                if (mInjector instanceof SystemInjector) {
+                    ((SystemInjector) mInjector).initializeAppOpsManager();
+                }
+                break;
+            case PHASE_THIRD_PARTY_APPS_CAN_START:
+                // Ensures that a fast pair data provider exists which will work in direct boot.
+                FastPairDataProvider.init(mContext);
+                break;
+            case PHASE_BOOT_COMPLETED:
+                // mInjector needs to be initialized before mProviderManager.
+                if (mInjector instanceof SystemInjector) {
+                    // The nearby service must be functioning after this boot phase.
+                    ((SystemInjector) mInjector).initializeBluetoothAdapter();
+                    // Initialize ContextManager for CHRE scan.
+                    ((SystemInjector) mInjector).initializeContextHubManager();
+                }
+                mProviderManager.init();
+                mContext.registerReceiver(
+                        mBluetoothReceiver,
+                        new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED));
+                mFastPairManager.initiate();
+                // Only enable for manual Presence test on device.
+                if (MANUAL_TEST) {
+                    mPresenceManager.initiate();
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If the calling process of has not been granted
+     * {@link android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED} permission,
+     * throw a {@link SecurityException}.
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED)
+    private static void enforceBluetoothPrivilegedPermission(Context context) {
+        if (!SUPPORT_TEST_APP) {
+            context.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
+                    android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED,
+                    "Need BLUETOOTH PRIVILEGED permission");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class SystemInjector implements Injector {
+        private final Context mContext;
+        @Nullable private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
+        @Nullable private ContextHubManager mContextHubManager;
+        @Nullable private AppOpsManager mAppOpsManager;
+
+        SystemInjector(Context context) {
+            mContext = context;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        @Nullable
+        public BluetoothAdapter getBluetoothAdapter() {
+            return mBluetoothAdapter;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        @Nullable
+        public ContextHubManager getContextHubManager() {
+            return mContextHubManager;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        @Nullable
+        public AppOpsManager getAppOpsManager() {
+            return mAppOpsManager;
+        }
+
+        synchronized void initializeBluetoothAdapter() {
+            if (mBluetoothAdapter != null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            BluetoothManager manager = mContext.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class);
+            if (manager == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            mBluetoothAdapter = manager.getAdapter();
+        }
+
+        synchronized void initializeContextHubManager() {
+            if (mContextHubManager != null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if (mContext.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_CONTEXT_HUB)) {
+                mContextHubManager = mContext.getSystemService(ContextHubManager.class);
+            }
+        }
+
+        synchronized void initializeAppOpsManager() {
+            if (mAppOpsManager != null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            mAppOpsManager = mContext.getSystemService(AppOpsManager.class);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleFilter.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleFilter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc4e11e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleFilter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,753 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Criteria for filtering BLE devices. A {@link BleFilter} allows clients to restrict BLE devices to
+ * only those that are of interest to them.
+ *
+ *
+ * <p>Current filtering on the following fields are supported:
+ * <li>Service UUIDs which identify the bluetooth gatt services running on the device.
+ * <li>Name of remote Bluetooth LE device.
+ * <li>Mac address of the remote device.
+ * <li>Service data which is the data associated with a service.
+ * <li>Manufacturer specific data which is the data associated with a particular manufacturer.
+ *
+ * @see BleSighting
+ */
+public final class BleFilter implements Parcelable {
+
+    @Nullable
+    private String mDeviceName;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private String mDeviceAddress;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private ParcelUuid mServiceUuid;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private ParcelUuid mServiceUuidMask;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private ParcelUuid mServiceDataUuid;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] mServiceData;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] mServiceDataMask;
+
+    private int mManufacturerId;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] mManufacturerData;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] mManufacturerDataMask;
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    BleFilter() {
+    }
+
+    BleFilter(
+            @Nullable String deviceName,
+            @Nullable String deviceAddress,
+            @Nullable ParcelUuid serviceUuid,
+            @Nullable ParcelUuid serviceUuidMask,
+            @Nullable ParcelUuid serviceDataUuid,
+            @Nullable byte[] serviceData,
+            @Nullable byte[] serviceDataMask,
+            int manufacturerId,
+            @Nullable byte[] manufacturerData,
+            @Nullable byte[] manufacturerDataMask) {
+        this.mDeviceName = deviceName;
+        this.mDeviceAddress = deviceAddress;
+        this.mServiceUuid = serviceUuid;
+        this.mServiceUuidMask = serviceUuidMask;
+        this.mServiceDataUuid = serviceDataUuid;
+        this.mServiceData = serviceData;
+        this.mServiceDataMask = serviceDataMask;
+        this.mManufacturerId = manufacturerId;
+        this.mManufacturerData = manufacturerData;
+        this.mManufacturerDataMask = manufacturerDataMask;
+    }
+
+    public static final Parcelable.Creator<BleFilter> CREATOR = new Creator<BleFilter>() {
+        @Override
+        public BleFilter createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
+            BleFilter nBleFilter = new BleFilter();
+            nBleFilter.mDeviceName = source.readString();
+            nBleFilter.mDeviceAddress = source.readString();
+            nBleFilter.mManufacturerId = source.readInt();
+            nBleFilter.mManufacturerData = source.marshall();
+            nBleFilter.mManufacturerDataMask = source.marshall();
+            nBleFilter.mServiceDataUuid = source.readParcelable(null);
+            nBleFilter.mServiceData = source.marshall();
+            nBleFilter.mServiceDataMask = source.marshall();
+            nBleFilter.mServiceUuid = source.readParcelable(null);
+            nBleFilter.mServiceUuidMask = source.readParcelable(null);
+            return nBleFilter;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public BleFilter[] newArray(int size) {
+            return new BleFilter[size];
+        }
+    };
+
+
+    /** Returns the filter set on the device name field of Bluetooth advertisement data. */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getDeviceName() {
+        return mDeviceName;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the filter set on the service uuid. */
+    @Nullable
+    public ParcelUuid getServiceUuid() {
+        return mServiceUuid;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the mask for the service uuid. */
+    @Nullable
+    public ParcelUuid getServiceUuidMask() {
+        return mServiceUuidMask;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the filter set on the device address. */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getDeviceAddress() {
+        return mDeviceAddress;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the filter set on the service data. */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getServiceData() {
+        return mServiceData;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the mask for the service data. */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getServiceDataMask() {
+        return mServiceDataMask;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the filter set on the service data uuid. */
+    @Nullable
+    public ParcelUuid getServiceDataUuid() {
+        return mServiceDataUuid;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the manufacturer id. -1 if the manufacturer filter is not set. */
+    public int getManufacturerId() {
+        return mManufacturerId;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the filter set on the manufacturer data. */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getManufacturerData() {
+        return mManufacturerData;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the mask for the manufacturer data. */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getManufacturerDataMask() {
+        return mManufacturerDataMask;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if the filter matches a {@code BleSighting}. A BLE sighting is considered as a match if
+     * it matches all the field filters.
+     */
+    public boolean matches(@Nullable BleSighting bleSighting) {
+        if (bleSighting == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        BluetoothDevice device = bleSighting.getDevice();
+        // Device match.
+        if (mDeviceAddress != null && (device == null || !mDeviceAddress.equals(
+                device.getAddress()))) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        BleRecord bleRecord = bleSighting.getBleRecord();
+
+        // Scan record is null but there exist filters on it.
+        if (bleRecord == null
+                && (mDeviceName != null
+                || mServiceUuid != null
+                || mManufacturerData != null
+                || mServiceData != null)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Local name match.
+        if (mDeviceName != null && !mDeviceName.equals(bleRecord.getDeviceName())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // UUID match.
+        if (mServiceUuid != null
+                && !matchesServiceUuids(mServiceUuid, mServiceUuidMask,
+                bleRecord.getServiceUuids())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Service data match
+        if (mServiceDataUuid != null
+                && !matchesPartialData(
+                mServiceData, mServiceDataMask, bleRecord.getServiceData(mServiceDataUuid))) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Manufacturer data match.
+        if (mManufacturerId >= 0
+                && !matchesPartialData(
+                mManufacturerData,
+                mManufacturerDataMask,
+                bleRecord.getManufacturerSpecificData(mManufacturerId))) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // All filters match.
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determines if the characteristics of this filter are a superset of the characteristics of the
+     * given filter.
+     */
+    public boolean isSuperset(@Nullable BleFilter bleFilter) {
+        if (bleFilter == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (equals(bleFilter)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // Verify device address matches.
+        if (mDeviceAddress != null && !mDeviceAddress.equals(bleFilter.getDeviceAddress())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Verify device name matches.
+        if (mDeviceName != null && !mDeviceName.equals(bleFilter.getDeviceName())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Verify UUID is a superset.
+        if (mServiceUuid != null
+                && !serviceUuidIsSuperset(
+                mServiceUuid,
+                mServiceUuidMask,
+                bleFilter.getServiceUuid(),
+                bleFilter.getServiceUuidMask())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Verify service data is a superset.
+        if (mServiceDataUuid != null
+                && (!mServiceDataUuid.equals(bleFilter.getServiceDataUuid())
+                || !partialDataIsSuperset(
+                mServiceData,
+                mServiceDataMask,
+                bleFilter.getServiceData(),
+                bleFilter.getServiceDataMask()))) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Verify manufacturer data is a superset.
+        if (mManufacturerId >= 0
+                && (mManufacturerId != bleFilter.getManufacturerId()
+                || !partialDataIsSuperset(
+                mManufacturerData,
+                mManufacturerDataMask,
+                bleFilter.getManufacturerData(),
+                bleFilter.getManufacturerDataMask()))) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /** Determines if the first uuid and mask are a superset of the second uuid and mask. */
+    private static boolean serviceUuidIsSuperset(
+            @Nullable ParcelUuid uuid1,
+            @Nullable ParcelUuid uuidMask1,
+            @Nullable ParcelUuid uuid2,
+            @Nullable ParcelUuid uuidMask2) {
+        // First uuid1 is null so it can match any service UUID.
+        if (uuid1 == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // uuid2 is a superset of uuid1, but not the other way around.
+        if (uuid2 == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Without a mask, the uuids must match.
+        if (uuidMask1 == null) {
+            return uuid1.equals(uuid2);
+        }
+
+        // Mask2 should be at least as specific as mask1.
+        if (uuidMask2 != null) {
+            long uuid1MostSig = uuidMask1.getUuid().getMostSignificantBits();
+            long uuid1LeastSig = uuidMask1.getUuid().getLeastSignificantBits();
+            long uuid2MostSig = uuidMask2.getUuid().getMostSignificantBits();
+            long uuid2LeastSig = uuidMask2.getUuid().getLeastSignificantBits();
+            if (((uuid1MostSig & uuid2MostSig) != uuid1MostSig)
+                    || ((uuid1LeastSig & uuid2LeastSig) != uuid1LeastSig)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!matchesServiceUuids(uuid1, uuidMask1, Arrays.asList(uuid2))) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /** Determines if the first data and mask are the superset of the second data and mask. */
+    private static boolean partialDataIsSuperset(
+            @Nullable byte[] data1,
+            @Nullable byte[] dataMask1,
+            @Nullable byte[] data2,
+            @Nullable byte[] dataMask2) {
+        if (Arrays.equals(data1, data2) && Arrays.equals(dataMask1, dataMask2)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (data1 == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (data2 == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Mask2 should be at least as specific as mask1.
+        if (dataMask1 != null && dataMask2 != null) {
+            for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < dataMask1.length && j < dataMask2.length; i++, j++) {
+                if ((dataMask1[i] & dataMask2[j]) != dataMask1[i]) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!matchesPartialData(data1, dataMask1, data2)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /** Check if the uuid pattern is contained in a list of parcel uuids. */
+    private static boolean matchesServiceUuids(
+            @Nullable ParcelUuid uuid, @Nullable ParcelUuid parcelUuidMask,
+            List<ParcelUuid> uuids) {
+        if (uuid == null) {
+            // No service uuid filter has been set, so there's a match.
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        UUID uuidMask = parcelUuidMask == null ? null : parcelUuidMask.getUuid();
+        for (ParcelUuid parcelUuid : uuids) {
+            if (matchesServiceUuid(uuid.getUuid(), uuidMask, parcelUuid.getUuid())) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /** Check if the uuid pattern matches the particular service uuid. */
+    private static boolean matchesServiceUuid(UUID uuid, @Nullable UUID mask, UUID data) {
+        if (mask == null) {
+            return uuid.equals(data);
+        }
+        if ((uuid.getLeastSignificantBits() & mask.getLeastSignificantBits())
+                != (data.getLeastSignificantBits() & mask.getLeastSignificantBits())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return ((uuid.getMostSignificantBits() & mask.getMostSignificantBits())
+                == (data.getMostSignificantBits() & mask.getMostSignificantBits()));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check whether the data pattern matches the parsed data. Assumes that {@code data} and {@code
+     * dataMask} have the same length.
+     */
+    /* package */
+    static boolean matchesPartialData(
+            @Nullable byte[] data, @Nullable byte[] dataMask, @Nullable byte[] parsedData) {
+        if (data == null || parsedData == null || parsedData.length < data.length) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (dataMask == null) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < data.length; ++i) {
+                if (parsedData[i] != data[i]) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < data.length; ++i) {
+            if ((dataMask[i] & parsedData[i]) != (dataMask[i] & data[i])) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "BleFilter [deviceName="
+                + mDeviceName
+                + ", deviceAddress="
+                + mDeviceAddress
+                + ", uuid="
+                + mServiceUuid
+                + ", uuidMask="
+                + mServiceUuidMask
+                + ", serviceDataUuid="
+                + mServiceDataUuid
+                + ", serviceData="
+                + Arrays.toString(mServiceData)
+                + ", serviceDataMask="
+                + Arrays.toString(mServiceDataMask)
+                + ", manufacturerId="
+                + mManufacturerId
+                + ", manufacturerData="
+                + Arrays.toString(mManufacturerData)
+                + ", manufacturerDataMask="
+                + Arrays.toString(mManufacturerDataMask)
+                + "]";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flags) {
+        out.writeString(mDeviceName);
+        out.writeString(mDeviceAddress);
+        out.writeInt(mManufacturerId);
+        out.writeByteArray(mManufacturerData);
+        out.writeByteArray(mManufacturerDataMask);
+        out.writeParcelable(mServiceDataUuid, flags);
+        out.writeByteArray(mServiceData);
+        out.writeByteArray(mServiceDataMask);
+        out.writeParcelable(mServiceUuid, flags);
+        out.writeParcelable(mServiceUuidMask, flags);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(
+                mDeviceName,
+                mDeviceAddress,
+                mManufacturerId,
+                Arrays.hashCode(mManufacturerData),
+                Arrays.hashCode(mManufacturerDataMask),
+                mServiceDataUuid,
+                Arrays.hashCode(mServiceData),
+                Arrays.hashCode(mServiceDataMask),
+                mServiceUuid,
+                mServiceUuidMask);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) {
+        if (this == obj) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (obj == null || getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        BleFilter other = (BleFilter) obj;
+        return equal(mDeviceName, other.mDeviceName)
+                && equal(mDeviceAddress, other.mDeviceAddress)
+                && mManufacturerId == other.mManufacturerId
+                && Arrays.equals(mManufacturerData, other.mManufacturerData)
+                && Arrays.equals(mManufacturerDataMask, other.mManufacturerDataMask)
+                && equal(mServiceDataUuid, other.mServiceDataUuid)
+                && Arrays.equals(mServiceData, other.mServiceData)
+                && Arrays.equals(mServiceDataMask, other.mServiceDataMask)
+                && equal(mServiceUuid, other.mServiceUuid)
+                && equal(mServiceUuidMask, other.mServiceUuidMask);
+    }
+
+    /** Builder class for {@link BleFilter}. */
+    public static final class Builder {
+
+        private String mDeviceName;
+        private String mDeviceAddress;
+
+        @Nullable
+        private ParcelUuid mServiceUuid;
+        @Nullable
+        private ParcelUuid mUuidMask;
+
+        private ParcelUuid mServiceDataUuid;
+        @Nullable
+        private byte[] mServiceData;
+        @Nullable
+        private byte[] mServiceDataMask;
+
+        private int mManufacturerId = -1;
+        private byte[] mManufacturerData;
+        @Nullable
+        private byte[] mManufacturerDataMask;
+
+        /** Set filter on device name. */
+        public Builder setDeviceName(String deviceName) {
+            this.mDeviceName = deviceName;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set filter on device address.
+         *
+         * @param deviceAddress The device Bluetooth address for the filter. It needs to be in the
+         *                      format of "01:02:03:AB:CD:EF". The device address can be validated
+         *                      using {@link
+         *                      BluetoothAdapter#checkBluetoothAddress}.
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the {@code deviceAddress} is invalid.
+         */
+        public Builder setDeviceAddress(String deviceAddress) {
+            if (!BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(deviceAddress)) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid device address " + deviceAddress);
+            }
+            this.mDeviceAddress = deviceAddress;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Set filter on service uuid. */
+        public Builder setServiceUuid(@Nullable ParcelUuid serviceUuid) {
+            this.mServiceUuid = serviceUuid;
+            mUuidMask = null; // clear uuid mask
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set filter on partial service uuid. The {@code uuidMask} is the bit mask for the {@code
+         * serviceUuid}. Set any bit in the mask to 1 to indicate a match is needed for the bit in
+         * {@code serviceUuid}, and 0 to ignore that bit.
+         *
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException If {@code serviceUuid} is {@code null} but {@code
+         *                                  uuidMask}
+         *                                  is not {@code null}.
+         */
+        public Builder setServiceUuid(@Nullable ParcelUuid serviceUuid,
+                @Nullable ParcelUuid uuidMask) {
+            if (uuidMask != null && serviceUuid == null) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("uuid is null while uuidMask is not null!");
+            }
+            this.mServiceUuid = serviceUuid;
+            this.mUuidMask = uuidMask;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set filtering on service data.
+         */
+        public Builder setServiceData(ParcelUuid serviceDataUuid, @Nullable byte[] serviceData) {
+            this.mServiceDataUuid = serviceDataUuid;
+            this.mServiceData = serviceData;
+            mServiceDataMask = null; // clear service data mask
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set partial filter on service data. For any bit in the mask, set it to 1 if it needs to
+         * match
+         * the one in service data, otherwise set it to 0 to ignore that bit.
+         *
+         * <p>The {@code serviceDataMask} must have the same length of the {@code serviceData}.
+         *
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException If {@code serviceDataMask} is {@code null} while {@code
+         *                                  serviceData} is not or {@code serviceDataMask} and
+         *                                  {@code serviceData} has different
+         *                                  length.
+         */
+        public Builder setServiceData(
+                ParcelUuid serviceDataUuid,
+                @Nullable byte[] serviceData,
+                @Nullable byte[] serviceDataMask) {
+            if (serviceDataMask != null) {
+                if (serviceData == null) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                            "serviceData is null while serviceDataMask is not null");
+                }
+                // Since the serviceDataMask is a bit mask for serviceData, the lengths of the two
+                // byte array need to be the same.
+                if (serviceData.length != serviceDataMask.length) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                            "size mismatch for service data and service data mask");
+                }
+            }
+            this.mServiceDataUuid = serviceDataUuid;
+            this.mServiceData = serviceData;
+            this.mServiceDataMask = serviceDataMask;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set filter on on manufacturerData. A negative manufacturerId is considered as invalid id.
+         *
+         * <p>Note the first two bytes of the {@code manufacturerData} is the manufacturerId.
+         *
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the {@code manufacturerId} is invalid.
+         */
+        public Builder setManufacturerData(int manufacturerId, @Nullable byte[] manufacturerData) {
+            return setManufacturerData(manufacturerId, manufacturerData, null /* mask */);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set filter on partial manufacture data. For any bit in the mask, set it to 1 if it needs
+         * to
+         * match the one in manufacturer data, otherwise set it to 0.
+         *
+         * <p>The {@code manufacturerDataMask} must have the same length of {@code
+         * manufacturerData}.
+         *
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the {@code manufacturerId} is invalid, or {@code
+         *                                  manufacturerData} is null while {@code
+         *                                  manufacturerDataMask} is not, or {@code
+         *                                  manufacturerData} and {@code manufacturerDataMask} have
+         *                                  different length.
+         */
+        public Builder setManufacturerData(
+                int manufacturerId,
+                @Nullable byte[] manufacturerData,
+                @Nullable byte[] manufacturerDataMask) {
+            if (manufacturerData != null && manufacturerId < 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid manufacture id");
+            }
+            if (manufacturerDataMask != null) {
+                if (manufacturerData == null) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                            "manufacturerData is null while manufacturerDataMask is not null");
+                }
+                // Since the manufacturerDataMask is a bit mask for manufacturerData, the lengths
+                // of the two byte array need to be the same.
+                if (manufacturerData.length != manufacturerDataMask.length) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                            "size mismatch for manufacturerData and manufacturerDataMask");
+                }
+            }
+            this.mManufacturerId = manufacturerId;
+            this.mManufacturerData = manufacturerData == null ? new byte[0] : manufacturerData;
+            this.mManufacturerDataMask = manufacturerDataMask;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+
+        /**
+         * Builds the filter.
+         *
+         * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the filter cannot be built.
+         */
+        public BleFilter build() {
+            return new BleFilter(
+                    mDeviceName,
+                    mDeviceAddress,
+                    mServiceUuid,
+                    mUuidMask,
+                    mServiceDataUuid,
+                    mServiceData,
+                    mServiceDataMask,
+                    mManufacturerId,
+                    mManufacturerData,
+                    mManufacturerDataMask);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Changes ble filter to os filter
+     */
+    public ScanFilter toOsFilter() {
+        ScanFilter.Builder osFilterBuilder = new ScanFilter.Builder();
+        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(getDeviceAddress())) {
+            osFilterBuilder.setDeviceAddress(getDeviceAddress());
+        }
+        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(getDeviceName())) {
+            osFilterBuilder.setDeviceName(getDeviceName());
+        }
+
+        byte[] manufacturerData = getManufacturerData();
+        if (getManufacturerId() != -1 && manufacturerData != null) {
+            byte[] manufacturerDataMask = getManufacturerDataMask();
+            if (manufacturerDataMask != null) {
+                osFilterBuilder.setManufacturerData(
+                        getManufacturerId(), manufacturerData, manufacturerDataMask);
+            } else {
+                osFilterBuilder.setManufacturerData(getManufacturerId(), manufacturerData);
+            }
+        }
+
+        ParcelUuid serviceDataUuid = getServiceDataUuid();
+        byte[] serviceData = getServiceData();
+        if (serviceDataUuid != null && serviceData != null) {
+            byte[] serviceDataMask = getServiceDataMask();
+            if (serviceDataMask != null) {
+                osFilterBuilder.setServiceData(serviceDataUuid, serviceData, serviceDataMask);
+            } else {
+                osFilterBuilder.setServiceData(serviceDataUuid, serviceData);
+            }
+        }
+
+        ParcelUuid serviceUuid = getServiceUuid();
+        if (serviceUuid != null) {
+            ParcelUuid serviceUuidMask = getServiceUuidMask();
+            if (serviceUuidMask != null) {
+                osFilterBuilder.setServiceUuid(serviceUuid, serviceUuidMask);
+            } else {
+                osFilterBuilder.setServiceUuid(serviceUuid);
+            }
+        }
+        return osFilterBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * equal() method for two possibly-null objects
+     */
+    private static boolean equal(@Nullable Object obj1, @Nullable Object obj2) {
+        return obj1 == obj2 || (obj1 != null && obj1.equals(obj2));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleRecord.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleRecord.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..103a27f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleRecord.java
@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble;
+
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.util.StringUtils;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a BLE record from Bluetooth LE scan.
+ */
+public final class BleRecord {
+
+    // The following data type values are assigned by Bluetooth SIG.
+    // For more details refer to Bluetooth 4.1 specification, Volume 3, Part C, Section 18.
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_FLAGS = 0x01;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_16_BIT_PARTIAL = 0x02;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_16_BIT_COMPLETE = 0x03;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_32_BIT_PARTIAL = 0x04;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_32_BIT_COMPLETE = 0x05;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_128_BIT_PARTIAL = 0x06;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_128_BIT_COMPLETE = 0x07;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_LOCAL_NAME_SHORT = 0x08;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_LOCAL_NAME_COMPLETE = 0x09;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_TX_POWER_LEVEL = 0x0A;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_DATA = 0x16;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_MANUFACTURER_SPECIFIC_DATA = 0xFF;
+
+    /** The base 128-bit UUID representation of a 16-bit UUID. */
+    private static final ParcelUuid BASE_UUID =
+            ParcelUuid.fromString("00000000-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
+    /** Length of bytes for 16 bit UUID. */
+    private static final int UUID_BYTES_16_BIT = 2;
+    /** Length of bytes for 32 bit UUID. */
+    private static final int UUID_BYTES_32_BIT = 4;
+    /** Length of bytes for 128 bit UUID. */
+    private static final int UUID_BYTES_128_BIT = 16;
+
+    // Flags of the advertising data.
+    // -1 when the scan record is not valid.
+    private final int mAdvertiseFlags;
+
+    private final ImmutableList<ParcelUuid> mServiceUuids;
+
+    // null when the scan record is not valid.
+    @Nullable
+    private final SparseArray<byte[]> mManufacturerSpecificData;
+
+    // null when the scan record is not valid.
+    @Nullable
+    private final Map<ParcelUuid, byte[]> mServiceData;
+
+    // Transmission power level(in dB).
+    // Integer.MIN_VALUE when the scan record is not valid.
+    private final int mTxPowerLevel;
+
+    // Local name of the Bluetooth LE device.
+    // null when the scan record is not valid.
+    @Nullable
+    private final String mDeviceName;
+
+    // Raw bytes of scan record.
+    // Never null, whether valid or not.
+    private final byte[] mBytes;
+
+    // If the raw scan record byte[] cannot be parsed, all non-primitive args here other than the
+    // raw scan record byte[] and serviceUudis will be null. See parsefromBytes().
+    private BleRecord(
+            List<ParcelUuid> serviceUuids,
+            @Nullable SparseArray<byte[]> manufacturerData,
+            @Nullable Map<ParcelUuid, byte[]> serviceData,
+            int advertiseFlags,
+            int txPowerLevel,
+            @Nullable String deviceName,
+            byte[] bytes) {
+        this.mServiceUuids = ImmutableList.copyOf(serviceUuids);
+        mManufacturerSpecificData = manufacturerData;
+        this.mServiceData = serviceData;
+        this.mDeviceName = deviceName;
+        this.mAdvertiseFlags = advertiseFlags;
+        this.mTxPowerLevel = txPowerLevel;
+        this.mBytes = bytes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a list of service UUIDs within the advertisement that are used to identify the
+     * bluetooth GATT services.
+     */
+    public ImmutableList<ParcelUuid> getServiceUuids() {
+        return mServiceUuids;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a sparse array of manufacturer identifier and its corresponding manufacturer specific
+     * data.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public SparseArray<byte[]> getManufacturerSpecificData() {
+        return mManufacturerSpecificData;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the manufacturer specific data associated with the manufacturer id. Returns {@code
+     * null} if the {@code manufacturerId} is not found.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getManufacturerSpecificData(int manufacturerId) {
+        if (mManufacturerSpecificData == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return mManufacturerSpecificData.get(manufacturerId);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns a map of service UUID and its corresponding service data. */
+    @Nullable
+    public Map<ParcelUuid, byte[]> getServiceData() {
+        return mServiceData;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the service data byte array associated with the {@code serviceUuid}. Returns {@code
+     * null} if the {@code serviceDataUuid} is not found.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getServiceData(ParcelUuid serviceDataUuid) {
+        if (serviceDataUuid == null || mServiceData == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return mServiceData.get(serviceDataUuid);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the transmission power level of the packet in dBm. Returns {@link Integer#MIN_VALUE}
+     * if
+     * the field is not set. This value can be used to calculate the path loss of a received packet
+     * using the following equation:
+     *
+     * <p><code>pathloss = txPowerLevel - rssi</code>
+     */
+    public int getTxPowerLevel() {
+        return mTxPowerLevel;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the local name of the BLE device. The is a UTF-8 encoded string. */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getDeviceName() {
+        return mDeviceName;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns raw bytes of scan record. */
+    public byte[] getBytes() {
+        return mBytes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parse scan record bytes to {@link BleRecord}.
+     *
+     * <p>The format is defined in Bluetooth 4.1 specification, Volume 3, Part C, Section 11 and 18.
+     *
+     * <p>All numerical multi-byte entities and values shall use little-endian <strong>byte</strong>
+     * order.
+     *
+     * @param scanRecord The scan record of Bluetooth LE advertisement and/or scan response.
+     */
+    public static BleRecord parseFromBytes(byte[] scanRecord) {
+        int currentPos = 0;
+        int advertiseFlag = -1;
+        List<ParcelUuid> serviceUuids = new ArrayList<>();
+        String localName = null;
+        int txPowerLevel = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
+
+        SparseArray<byte[]> manufacturerData = new SparseArray<>();
+        Map<ParcelUuid, byte[]> serviceData = new HashMap<>();
+
+        try {
+            while (currentPos < scanRecord.length) {
+                // length is unsigned int.
+                int length = scanRecord[currentPos++] & 0xFF;
+                if (length == 0) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                // Note the length includes the length of the field type itself.
+                int dataLength = length - 1;
+                // fieldType is unsigned int.
+                int fieldType = scanRecord[currentPos++] & 0xFF;
+                switch (fieldType) {
+                    case DATA_TYPE_FLAGS:
+                        advertiseFlag = scanRecord[currentPos] & 0xFF;
+                        break;
+                    case DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_16_BIT_PARTIAL:
+                    case DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_16_BIT_COMPLETE:
+                        parseServiceUuid(scanRecord, currentPos, dataLength, UUID_BYTES_16_BIT,
+                                serviceUuids);
+                        break;
+                    case DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_32_BIT_PARTIAL:
+                    case DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_32_BIT_COMPLETE:
+                        parseServiceUuid(scanRecord, currentPos, dataLength, UUID_BYTES_32_BIT,
+                                serviceUuids);
+                        break;
+                    case DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_128_BIT_PARTIAL:
+                    case DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_128_BIT_COMPLETE:
+                        parseServiceUuid(scanRecord, currentPos, dataLength, UUID_BYTES_128_BIT,
+                                serviceUuids);
+                        break;
+                    case DATA_TYPE_LOCAL_NAME_SHORT:
+                    case DATA_TYPE_LOCAL_NAME_COMPLETE:
+                        localName = new String(extractBytes(scanRecord, currentPos, dataLength));
+                        break;
+                    case DATA_TYPE_TX_POWER_LEVEL:
+                        txPowerLevel = scanRecord[currentPos];
+                        break;
+                    case DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_DATA:
+                        // The first two bytes of the service data are service data UUID in little
+                        // endian. The rest bytes are service data.
+                        int serviceUuidLength = UUID_BYTES_16_BIT;
+                        byte[] serviceDataUuidBytes = extractBytes(scanRecord, currentPos,
+                                serviceUuidLength);
+                        ParcelUuid serviceDataUuid = parseUuidFrom(serviceDataUuidBytes);
+                        byte[] serviceDataArray =
+                                extractBytes(
+                                        scanRecord, currentPos + serviceUuidLength,
+                                        dataLength - serviceUuidLength);
+                        serviceData.put(serviceDataUuid, serviceDataArray);
+                        break;
+                    case DATA_TYPE_MANUFACTURER_SPECIFIC_DATA:
+                        // The first two bytes of the manufacturer specific data are
+                        // manufacturer ids in little endian.
+                        int manufacturerId =
+                                ((scanRecord[currentPos + 1] & 0xFF) << 8) + (scanRecord[currentPos]
+                                        & 0xFF);
+                        byte[] manufacturerDataBytes = extractBytes(scanRecord, currentPos + 2,
+                                dataLength - 2);
+                        manufacturerData.put(manufacturerId, manufacturerDataBytes);
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        // Just ignore, we don't handle such data type.
+                        break;
+                }
+                currentPos += dataLength;
+            }
+
+            return new BleRecord(
+                    serviceUuids,
+                    manufacturerData,
+                    serviceData,
+                    advertiseFlag,
+                    txPowerLevel,
+                    localName,
+                    scanRecord);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Log.w("BleRecord", "Unable to parse scan record: " + Arrays.toString(scanRecord), e);
+            // As the record is invalid, ignore all the parsed results for this packet
+            // and return an empty record with raw scanRecord bytes in results
+            // check at the top of this method does? Maybe we expect callers to use the
+            // scanRecord part in
+            // some fallback. But if that's the reason, it would seem we still can return null.
+            // They still
+            // have the raw scanRecord in hand, 'cause they passed it to us. It seems too easy for a
+            // caller to misuse this "empty" BleRecord (as in b/22693067).
+            return new BleRecord(ImmutableList.of(), null, null, -1, Integer.MIN_VALUE, null,
+                    scanRecord);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Parse service UUIDs.
+    private static int parseServiceUuid(
+            byte[] scanRecord,
+            int currentPos,
+            int dataLength,
+            int uuidLength,
+            List<ParcelUuid> serviceUuids) {
+        while (dataLength > 0) {
+            byte[] uuidBytes = extractBytes(scanRecord, currentPos, uuidLength);
+            serviceUuids.add(parseUuidFrom(uuidBytes));
+            dataLength -= uuidLength;
+            currentPos += uuidLength;
+        }
+        return currentPos;
+    }
+
+    // Helper method to extract bytes from byte array.
+    private static byte[] extractBytes(byte[] scanRecord, int start, int length) {
+        byte[] bytes = new byte[length];
+        System.arraycopy(scanRecord, start, bytes, 0, length);
+        return bytes;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "BleRecord [advertiseFlags="
+                + mAdvertiseFlags
+                + ", serviceUuids="
+                + mServiceUuids
+                + ", manufacturerSpecificData="
+                + StringUtils.toString(mManufacturerSpecificData)
+                + ", serviceData="
+                + StringUtils.toString(mServiceData)
+                + ", txPowerLevel="
+                + mTxPowerLevel
+                + ", deviceName="
+                + mDeviceName
+                + "]";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) {
+        if (obj == this) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(obj instanceof BleRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        BleRecord record = (BleRecord) obj;
+        // BleRecord objects are built from bytes, so we only need that field.
+        return Arrays.equals(mBytes, record.mBytes);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        // BleRecord objects are built from bytes, so we only need that field.
+        return Arrays.hashCode(mBytes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parse UUID from bytes. The {@code uuidBytes} can represent a 16-bit, 32-bit or 128-bit UUID,
+     * but the returned UUID is always in 128-bit format. Note UUID is little endian in Bluetooth.
+     *
+     * @param uuidBytes Byte representation of uuid.
+     * @return {@link ParcelUuid} parsed from bytes.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the {@code uuidBytes} cannot be parsed.
+     */
+    private static ParcelUuid parseUuidFrom(byte[] uuidBytes) {
+        if (uuidBytes == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("uuidBytes cannot be null");
+        }
+        int length = uuidBytes.length;
+        if (length != UUID_BYTES_16_BIT
+                && length != UUID_BYTES_32_BIT
+                && length != UUID_BYTES_128_BIT) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("uuidBytes length invalid - " + length);
+        }
+        // Construct a 128 bit UUID.
+        if (length == UUID_BYTES_128_BIT) {
+            ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(uuidBytes).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
+            long msb = buf.getLong(8);
+            long lsb = buf.getLong(0);
+            return new ParcelUuid(new UUID(msb, lsb));
+        }
+        // For 16 bit and 32 bit UUID we need to convert them to 128 bit value.
+        // 128_bit_value = uuid * 2^96 + BASE_UUID
+        long shortUuid;
+        if (length == UUID_BYTES_16_BIT) {
+            shortUuid = uuidBytes[0] & 0xFF;
+            shortUuid += (uuidBytes[1] & 0xFF) << 8;
+        } else {
+            shortUuid = uuidBytes[0] & 0xFF;
+            shortUuid += (uuidBytes[1] & 0xFF) << 8;
+            shortUuid += (uuidBytes[2] & 0xFF) << 16;
+            shortUuid += (uuidBytes[3] & 0xFF) << 24;
+        }
+        long msb = BASE_UUID.getUuid().getMostSignificantBits() + (shortUuid << 32);
+        long lsb = BASE_UUID.getUuid().getLeastSignificantBits();
+        return new ParcelUuid(new UUID(msb, lsb));
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleSighting.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleSighting.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71ec10c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleSighting.java
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanRecord;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * A sighting of a BLE device found in a Bluetooth LE scan.
+ */
+
+public class BleSighting implements Parcelable {
+
+    public static final Parcelable.Creator<BleSighting> CREATOR = new Creator<BleSighting>() {
+        @Override
+        public BleSighting createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
+            BleSighting nBleSighting = new BleSighting(source.readParcelable(null),
+                    source.marshall(), source.readInt(), source.readLong());
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public BleSighting[] newArray(int size) {
+            return new BleSighting[size];
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Max and min rssi value which is from {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult#getRssi()}.
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static final int MAX_RSSI_VALUE = 126;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static final int MIN_RSSI_VALUE = -127;
+
+    /** Remote bluetooth device. */
+    private final BluetoothDevice mDevice;
+
+    /**
+     * BLE record, including advertising data and response data. BleRecord is not parcelable, so
+     * this
+     * is created from bleRecordBytes.
+     */
+    private final BleRecord mBleRecord;
+
+    /** The bytes of a BLE record. */
+    private final byte[] mBleRecordBytes;
+
+    /** Received signal strength. */
+    private final int mRssi;
+
+    /** Nanos timestamp when the ble device was observed (epoch time). */
+    private final long mTimestampEpochNanos;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor of a BLE sighting.
+     *
+     * @param device              Remote bluetooth device that is found.
+     * @param bleRecordBytes      The bytes that will create a BleRecord.
+     * @param rssi                Received signal strength.
+     * @param timestampEpochNanos Nanos timestamp when the BLE device was observed (epoch time).
+     */
+    public BleSighting(BluetoothDevice device, byte[] bleRecordBytes, int rssi,
+            long timestampEpochNanos) {
+        this.mDevice = device;
+        this.mBleRecordBytes = bleRecordBytes;
+        this.mRssi = rssi;
+        this.mTimestampEpochNanos = timestampEpochNanos;
+        mBleRecord = BleRecord.parseFromBytes(bleRecordBytes);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the remote bluetooth device identified by the bluetooth device address. */
+    public BluetoothDevice getDevice() {
+        return mDevice;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the BLE record, which is a combination of advertisement and scan response. */
+    public BleRecord getBleRecord() {
+        return mBleRecord;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the bytes of the BLE record. */
+    public byte[] getBleRecordBytes() {
+        return mBleRecordBytes;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the received signal strength in dBm. The valid range is [-127, 127]. */
+    public int getRssi() {
+        return mRssi;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the received signal strength normalized with the offset specific to the given device.
+     * 3 is the rssi offset to calculate fast init distance.
+     * <p>This method utilized the rssi offset maintained by Nearby Sharing.
+     *
+     * @return normalized rssi which is between [-127, 126] according to {@link
+     * android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult#getRssi()}.
+     */
+    public int getNormalizedRSSI() {
+        int adjustedRssi = mRssi + 3;
+        if (adjustedRssi < MIN_RSSI_VALUE) {
+            return MIN_RSSI_VALUE;
+        } else if (adjustedRssi > MAX_RSSI_VALUE) {
+            return MAX_RSSI_VALUE;
+        } else {
+            return adjustedRssi;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Returns timestamp in epoch time when the scan record was observed. */
+    public long getTimestampNanos() {
+        return mTimestampEpochNanos;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns timestamp in epoch time when the scan record was observed, in millis. */
+    public long getTimestampMillis() {
+        return TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(mTimestampEpochNanos);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        dest.writeParcelable(mDevice, flags);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mBleRecordBytes);
+        dest.writeInt(mRssi);
+        dest.writeLong(mTimestampEpochNanos);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(mDevice, mRssi, mTimestampEpochNanos, Arrays.hashCode(mBleRecordBytes));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) {
+        if (this == obj) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(obj instanceof BleSighting)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        BleSighting other = (BleSighting) obj;
+        return Objects.equals(mDevice, other.mDevice)
+                && mRssi == other.mRssi
+                && Arrays.equals(mBleRecordBytes, other.mBleRecordBytes)
+                && mTimestampEpochNanos == other.mTimestampEpochNanos;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "BleSighting{"
+                + "device="
+                + mDevice
+                + ", bleRecord="
+                + mBleRecord
+                + ", rssi="
+                + mRssi
+                + ", timestampNanos="
+                + mTimestampEpochNanos
+                + "}";
+    }
+
+    /** Creates {@link BleSighting} using the {@link ScanResult}. */
+    @RequiresApi(api = VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
+    @Nullable
+    public static BleSighting createFromOsScanResult(ScanResult osResult) {
+        ScanRecord osScanRecord = osResult.getScanRecord();
+        if (osScanRecord == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return new BleSighting(
+                osResult.getDevice(),
+                osScanRecord.getBytes(),
+                osResult.getRssi(),
+                // The timestamp from ScanResult is 'nanos since boot', Beacon lib will change it
+                // as 'nanos
+                // since epoch', but Nearby never reference this field, just pass it as 'nanos
+                // since boot'.
+                // ref to beacon/scan/impl/LBluetoothLeScannerCompat.fromOs for beacon design
+                // about how to
+                // convert nanos since boot to epoch.
+                osResult.getTimestampNanos());
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/BeaconDecoder.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/BeaconDecoder.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e795ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/BeaconDecoder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.decode;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.BleRecord;
+
+/**
+ * This class encapsulates the logic specific to each manufacturer for parsing formats for beacons,
+ * and presents a common API to access important ADV/EIR packet fields such as:
+ *
+ * <ul>
+ *   <li><b>UUID (universally unique identifier)</b>, a value uniquely identifying a group of one or
+ *       more beacons as belonging to an organization or of a certain type, up to 128 bits.
+ *   <li><b>Instance</b> a 32-bit unsigned integer that can be used to group related beacons that
+ *       have the same UUID.
+ *   <li>the mathematics of <b>TX signal strength</b>, used for proximity calculations.
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * ...and others.
+ *
+ * @see <a href="http://go/ble-glossary">BLE Glossary</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://www.bluetooth.org/docman/handlers/downloaddoc.ashx?doc_id=245130">Bluetooth
+ * Data Types Specification</a>
+ */
+public abstract class BeaconDecoder {
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the bleRecord corresponds to a beacon format that contains sufficient
+     * information to construct a BeaconId and contains the Tx power.
+     */
+    public boolean supportsBeaconIdAndTxPower(@SuppressWarnings("unused") BleRecord bleRecord) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if this decoder supports returning TxPower via {@link
+     * #getCalibratedBeaconTxPower(BleRecord)}.
+     */
+    public boolean supportsTxPower() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads the calibrated transmitted power at 1 meter of the beacon in dBm. This value is
+     * contained
+     * in the scan record, as set by the transmitting beacon. Suitable for use in computing path
+     * loss,
+     * distance, and related derived values.
+     *
+     * @param bleRecord the parsed payload contained in the beacon packet
+     * @return integer value of the calibrated Tx power in dBm or null if the bleRecord doesn't
+     * contain sufficient information to calculate the Tx power.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public abstract Integer getCalibratedBeaconTxPower(BleRecord bleRecord);
+
+    /**
+     * Extract telemetry information from the beacon. Byte 0 of the returned telemetry block should
+     * encode the telemetry format.
+     *
+     * @return telemetry block for this beacon, or null if no telemetry data is found in the scan
+     * record.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getTelemetry(@SuppressWarnings("unused") BleRecord bleRecord) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the appropriate type for this scan record. */
+    public abstract int getBeaconIdType();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an array of bytes which uniquely identify this beacon, for beacons from any of the
+     * supported beacon types. This unique identifier is the indexing key for various internal
+     * services. Returns null if the bleRecord doesn't contain sufficient information to construct
+     * the
+     * ID.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public abstract byte[] getBeaconIdBytes(BleRecord bleRecord);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the URL of the beacon. Returns null if the bleRecord doesn't contain a URL or
+     * contains
+     * a malformed URL.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getUrl(BleRecord bleRecord) {
+        return null;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/FastPairDecoder.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/FastPairDecoder.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c1ff9fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/FastPairDecoder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.decode;
+
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanRecord;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.BleFilter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.BleRecord;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Parses Fast Pair information out of {@link BleRecord}s.
+ *
+ * <p>There are 2 different packet formats that are supported, which is used can be determined by
+ * packet length:
+ *
+ * <p>For 3-byte packets, the full packet is the model ID.
+ *
+ * <p>For all other packets, the first byte is the header, followed by the model ID, followed by
+ * zero or more extra fields. Each field has its own header byte followed by the field value. The
+ * packet header is formatted as 0bVVVLLLLR (V = version, L = model ID length, R = reserved) and
+ * each extra field header is 0bLLLLTTTT (L = field length, T = field type).
+ *
+ * @see <a href="http://go/fast-pair-2-service-data">go/fast-pair-2-service-data</a>
+ */
+public class FastPairDecoder extends BeaconDecoder {
+
+    private static final int FIELD_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER = 0;
+    private static final int FIELD_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER_SALT = 1;
+    private static final int FIELD_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER_NO_NOTIFICATION = 2;
+    private static final int FIELD_TYPE_BATTERY = 3;
+    private static final int FIELD_TYPE_BATTERY_NO_NOTIFICATION = 4;
+    public static final int FIELD_TYPE_CONNECTION_STATE = 5;
+    private static final int FIELD_TYPE_RANDOM_RESOLVABLE_DATA = 6;
+
+    /** FE2C is the 16-bit Service UUID. The rest is the base UUID. See BluetoothUuid (hidden). */
+    private static final ParcelUuid FAST_PAIR_SERVICE_PARCEL_UUID =
+            ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FE2C-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
+
+    /** The filter you use to scan for Fast Pair BLE advertisements. */
+    public static final BleFilter FILTER =
+            new BleFilter.Builder().setServiceData(FAST_PAIR_SERVICE_PARCEL_UUID,
+                    new byte[0]).build();
+
+    // NOTE: Ensure that all bitmasks are always ints, not bytes so that bitshifting works correctly
+    // without needing worry about signing errors.
+    private static final int HEADER_VERSION_BITMASK = 0b11100000;
+    private static final int HEADER_LENGTH_BITMASK = 0b00011110;
+    private static final int HEADER_VERSION_OFFSET = 5;
+    private static final int HEADER_LENGTH_OFFSET = 1;
+
+    private static final int EXTRA_FIELD_LENGTH_BITMASK = 0b11110000;
+    private static final int EXTRA_FIELD_TYPE_BITMASK = 0b00001111;
+    private static final int EXTRA_FIELD_LENGTH_OFFSET = 4;
+    private static final int EXTRA_FIELD_TYPE_OFFSET = 0;
+
+    private static final int MIN_ID_LENGTH = 3;
+    private static final int MAX_ID_LENGTH = 14;
+    private static final int HEADER_INDEX = 0;
+    private static final int HEADER_LENGTH = 1;
+    private static final int FIELD_HEADER_LENGTH = 1;
+
+    // Not using java.util.IllegalFormatException because it is unchecked.
+    private static class IllegalFormatException extends Exception {
+        private IllegalFormatException(String message) {
+            super(message);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    @Override
+    public Integer getCalibratedBeaconTxPower(BleRecord bleRecord) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    // TODO(b/205320613) create beacon type
+    @Override
+    public int getBeaconIdType() {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the Model ID from our service data, if present. */
+    @Nullable
+    @Override
+    public byte[] getBeaconIdBytes(BleRecord bleRecord) {
+        return getModelId(bleRecord.getServiceData(FAST_PAIR_SERVICE_PARCEL_UUID));
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the Model ID from our service data, if present. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] getModelId(@Nullable byte[] serviceData) {
+        if (serviceData == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (serviceData.length >= MIN_ID_LENGTH) {
+            if (serviceData.length == MIN_ID_LENGTH) {
+                // If the length == 3, all bytes are the ID. See flag docs for more about
+                // endianness.
+                return serviceData;
+            } else {
+                // Otherwise, the first byte is a header which contains the length of the
+                // big-endian model
+                // ID that follows. The model ID will be trimmed if it contains leading zeros.
+                int idIndex = 1;
+                int end = idIndex + getIdLength(serviceData);
+                while (serviceData[idIndex] == 0 && end - idIndex > MIN_ID_LENGTH) {
+                    idIndex++;
+                }
+                return Arrays.copyOfRange(serviceData, idIndex, end);
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the FastPair service data array if available, otherwise returns null. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] getServiceDataArray(BleRecord bleRecord) {
+        return bleRecord.getServiceData(FAST_PAIR_SERVICE_PARCEL_UUID);
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the FastPair service data array if available, otherwise returns null. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] getServiceDataArray(ScanRecord scanRecord) {
+        return scanRecord.getServiceData(FAST_PAIR_SERVICE_PARCEL_UUID);
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the bloom filter from the extra fields if available, otherwise returns null. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] getBloomFilter(@Nullable byte[] serviceData) {
+        return getExtraField(serviceData, FIELD_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER);
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the bloom filter salt from the extra fields if available, otherwise returns null. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] getBloomFilterSalt(byte[] serviceData) {
+        return getExtraField(serviceData, FIELD_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER_SALT);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the suppress notification with bloom filter from the extra fields if available,
+     * otherwise
+     * returns null.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] getBloomFilterNoNotification(@Nullable byte[] serviceData) {
+        return getExtraField(serviceData, FIELD_TYPE_BLOOM_FILTER_NO_NOTIFICATION);
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the battery level from extra fields if available, otherwise return null. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] getBatteryLevel(byte[] serviceData) {
+        return getExtraField(serviceData, FIELD_TYPE_BATTERY);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the suppress notification with battery level from extra fields if available, otherwise
+     * return null.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] getBatteryLevelNoNotification(byte[] serviceData) {
+        return getExtraField(serviceData, FIELD_TYPE_BATTERY_NO_NOTIFICATION);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the random resolvable data from extra fields if available, otherwise
+     * return null.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static byte[] getRandomResolvableData(byte[] serviceData) {
+        return getExtraField(serviceData, FIELD_TYPE_RANDOM_RESOLVABLE_DATA);
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private static byte[] getExtraField(@Nullable byte[] serviceData, int fieldId) {
+        if (serviceData == null || serviceData.length < HEADER_INDEX + HEADER_LENGTH) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        try {
+            return getExtraFields(serviceData).get(fieldId);
+        } catch (IllegalFormatException e) {
+            Log.v("FastPairDecode", "Extra fields incorrectly formatted.");
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Gets extra field data at the end of the packet, defined by the extra field header. */
+    private static SparseArray<byte[]> getExtraFields(byte[] serviceData)
+            throws IllegalFormatException {
+        SparseArray<byte[]> extraFields = new SparseArray<>();
+        if (getVersion(serviceData) != 0) {
+            return extraFields;
+        }
+        int headerIndex = getFirstExtraFieldHeaderIndex(serviceData);
+        while (headerIndex < serviceData.length) {
+            int length = getExtraFieldLength(serviceData, headerIndex);
+            int index = headerIndex + FIELD_HEADER_LENGTH;
+            int type = getExtraFieldType(serviceData, headerIndex);
+            int end = index + length;
+            if (extraFields.get(type) == null) {
+                if (end <= serviceData.length) {
+                    extraFields.put(type, Arrays.copyOfRange(serviceData, index, end));
+                } else {
+                    throw new IllegalFormatException(
+                            "Invalid length, " + end + " is longer than service data size "
+                                    + serviceData.length);
+                }
+            }
+            headerIndex = end;
+        }
+        return extraFields;
+    }
+
+    /** Checks whether or not a valid ID is included in the service data packet. */
+    public static boolean hasBeaconIdBytes(BleRecord bleRecord) {
+        byte[] serviceData = bleRecord.getServiceData(FAST_PAIR_SERVICE_PARCEL_UUID);
+        return checkModelId(serviceData);
+    }
+
+    /** Check whether byte array is FastPair model id or not. */
+    public static boolean checkModelId(@Nullable byte[] scanResult) {
+        return scanResult != null
+                // The 3-byte format has no header byte (all bytes are the ID).
+                && (scanResult.length == MIN_ID_LENGTH
+                // Header byte exists. We support only format version 0. (A different version
+                // indicates
+                // a breaking change in the format.)
+                || (scanResult.length > MIN_ID_LENGTH
+                && getVersion(scanResult) == 0
+                && isIdLengthValid(scanResult)));
+    }
+
+    /** Checks whether or not bloom filter is included in the service data packet. */
+    public static boolean hasBloomFilter(BleRecord bleRecord) {
+        return (getBloomFilter(getServiceDataArray(bleRecord)) != null
+                || getBloomFilterNoNotification(getServiceDataArray(bleRecord)) != null);
+    }
+
+    /** Checks whether or not bloom filter is included in the service data packet. */
+    public static boolean hasBloomFilter(ScanRecord scanRecord) {
+        return (getBloomFilter(getServiceDataArray(scanRecord)) != null
+                || getBloomFilterNoNotification(getServiceDataArray(scanRecord)) != null);
+    }
+
+    private static int getVersion(byte[] serviceData) {
+        return serviceData.length == MIN_ID_LENGTH
+                ? 0
+                : (serviceData[HEADER_INDEX] & HEADER_VERSION_BITMASK) >> HEADER_VERSION_OFFSET;
+    }
+
+    private static int getIdLength(byte[] serviceData) {
+        return serviceData.length == MIN_ID_LENGTH
+                ? MIN_ID_LENGTH
+                : (serviceData[HEADER_INDEX] & HEADER_LENGTH_BITMASK) >> HEADER_LENGTH_OFFSET;
+    }
+
+    private static int getFirstExtraFieldHeaderIndex(byte[] serviceData) {
+        return HEADER_INDEX + HEADER_LENGTH + getIdLength(serviceData);
+    }
+
+    private static int getExtraFieldLength(byte[] serviceData, int extraFieldIndex) {
+        return (serviceData[extraFieldIndex] & EXTRA_FIELD_LENGTH_BITMASK)
+                >> EXTRA_FIELD_LENGTH_OFFSET;
+    }
+
+    private static int getExtraFieldType(byte[] serviceData, int extraFieldIndex) {
+        return (serviceData[extraFieldIndex] & EXTRA_FIELD_TYPE_BITMASK) >> EXTRA_FIELD_TYPE_OFFSET;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isIdLengthValid(byte[] serviceData) {
+        int idLength = getIdLength(serviceData);
+        return MIN_ID_LENGTH <= idLength
+                && idLength <= MAX_ID_LENGTH
+                && idLength + HEADER_LENGTH <= serviceData.length;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/testing/FastPairTestData.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/testing/FastPairTestData.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4f46f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/testing/FastPairTestData.java
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.testing;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.ArrayUtils;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.Hex;
+
+/**
+ * Test class to provide example to unit test.
+ */
+public class FastPairTestData {
+    private static final byte[] FAST_PAIR_RECORD_BIG_ENDIAN =
+            Hex.stringToBytes("02011E020AF006162CFEAABBCC");
+
+    /**
+     * A Fast Pair frame, Note: The service UUID is FE2C, but in the
+     * packet it's 2CFE, since the core Bluetooth data types are little-endian.
+     *
+     * <p>However, the model ID is big-endian (multi-byte values in our spec are now big-endian, aka
+     * network byte order).
+     *
+     * @see {http://go/fast-pair-service-data}
+     */
+    public static byte[] getFastPairRecord() {
+        return FAST_PAIR_RECORD_BIG_ENDIAN;
+    }
+
+    /** A Fast Pair frame, with a shared account key. */
+    public static final byte[] FAST_PAIR_SHARED_ACCOUNT_KEY_RECORD =
+            Hex.stringToBytes("02011E020AF00C162CFE007011223344556677");
+
+    /** Model ID in {@link #getFastPairRecord()}. */
+    public static final byte[] FAST_PAIR_MODEL_ID = Hex.stringToBytes("AABBCC");
+
+    /** An arbitrary BLE device address. */
+    public static final String DEVICE_ADDRESS = "00:00:00:00:00:01";
+
+    /** Arbitrary RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator). */
+    public static final int RSSI = -72;
+
+    /** @see #getFastPairRecord() */
+    public static byte[] newFastPairRecord(byte header, byte[] modelId) {
+        return newFastPairRecord(
+                modelId.length == 3 ? modelId : ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(new byte[] {header},
+                        modelId));
+    }
+
+    /** @see #getFastPairRecord() */
+    public static byte[] newFastPairRecord(byte[] serviceData) {
+        int length = /* length of type and service UUID = */ 3 + serviceData.length;
+        return Hex.stringToBytes(
+                String.format("02011E020AF0%02X162CFE%s", length,
+                        Hex.bytesToStringUppercase(serviceData)));
+    }
+
+    // This is an example extended inquiry response for a phone with PANU
+    // and Hands-free Audio Gateway
+    public static byte[] eir_1 = {
+            0x06, // Length of this Data
+            0x09, // <<Complete Local Name>>
+            'P',
+            'h',
+            'o',
+            'n',
+            'e',
+            0x05, // Length of this Data
+            0x03, // <<Complete list of 16-bit Service UUIDs>>
+            0x15,
+            0x11, // PANU service class UUID
+            0x1F,
+            0x11, // Hands-free Audio Gateway service class UUID
+            0x01, // Length of this data
+            0x05, // <<Complete list of 32-bit Service UUIDs>>
+            0x11, // Length of this data
+            0x07, // <<Complete list of 128-bit Service UUIDs>>
+            0x01,
+            0x02,
+            0x03,
+            0x04,
+            0x05,
+            0x06,
+            0x07,
+            0x08, // Made up UUID
+            0x11,
+            0x12,
+            0x13,
+            0x14,
+            0x15,
+            0x16,
+            0x17,
+            0x18, //
+            0x00 // End of Data (Not transmitted over the air
+    };
+
+    // This is an example of advertising data with AD types
+    public static byte[] adv_1 = {
+            0x02, // Length of this Data
+            0x01, // <<Flags>>
+            0x01, // LE Limited Discoverable Mode
+            0x0A, // Length of this Data
+            0x09, // <<Complete local name>>
+            'P', 'e', 'd', 'o', 'm', 'e', 't', 'e', 'r'
+    };
+
+    // This is an example of advertising data with positive TX Power
+    // Level.
+    public static byte[] adv_2 = {
+            0x02, // Length of this Data
+            0x0a, // <<TX Power Level>>
+            127 // Level = 127
+    };
+
+    // Example data including a service data block
+    public static byte[] sd1 = {
+            0x02, // Length of this Data
+            0x01, // <<Flags>>
+            0x04, // BR/EDR Not Supported.
+            0x03, // Length of this Data
+            0x02, // <<Incomplete List of 16-bit Service UUIDs>>
+            0x04,
+            0x18, // TX Power Service UUID
+            0x1e, // Length of this Data
+            (byte) 0x16, // <<Service Specific Data>>
+            // Service UUID
+            (byte) 0xe0,
+            0x00,
+            // gBeacon Header
+            0x15,
+            // Running time ENCRYPT
+            (byte) 0xd2,
+            0x77,
+            0x01,
+            0x00,
+            // Scan Freq ENCRYPT
+            0x32,
+            0x05,
+            // Time in slow mode
+            0x00,
+            0x00,
+            // Time in fast mode
+            0x7f,
+            0x17,
+            // Subset of UID
+            0x56,
+            0x00,
+            // ID Mask
+            (byte) 0xd4,
+            0x7c,
+            0x18,
+            // RFU (reserved)
+            0x00,
+            // GUID = decimal 1297482358
+            0x76,
+            0x02,
+            0x56,
+            0x4d,
+            0x00,
+            // Ranging Payload Header
+            0x24,
+            // MAC of scanning address
+            (byte) 0xa4,
+            (byte) 0xbb,
+            // NORM RX RSSI -67dBm
+            (byte) 0xb0,
+            // NORM TX POWER -77dBm, so actual TX POWER = -36dBm
+            (byte) 0xb3,
+            // Note based on the values aboves PATH LOSS = (-36) - (-67) = 31dBm
+            // Below zero padding added to test it is handled correctly
+            0x00
+    };
+
+    // An Eddystone UID frame. go/eddystone for more info
+    public static byte[] eddystone_header_and_uuid = {
+            // BLE Flags
+            (byte) 0x02,
+            (byte) 0x01,
+            (byte) 0x06,
+            // Service UUID
+            (byte) 0x03,
+            (byte) 0x03,
+            (byte) 0xaa,
+            (byte) 0xfe,
+            // Service data header
+            (byte) 0x17,
+            (byte) 0x16,
+            (byte) 0xaa,
+            (byte) 0xfe,
+            // Eddystone frame type
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            // Ranging data
+            (byte) 0xb3,
+            // Eddystone ID namespace
+            (byte) 0x0a,
+            (byte) 0x09,
+            (byte) 0x08,
+            (byte) 0x07,
+            (byte) 0x06,
+            (byte) 0x05,
+            (byte) 0x04,
+            (byte) 0x03,
+            (byte) 0x02,
+            (byte) 0x01,
+            // Eddystone ID instance
+            (byte) 0x16,
+            (byte) 0x15,
+            (byte) 0x14,
+            (byte) 0x13,
+            (byte) 0x12,
+            (byte) 0x11,
+            // RFU
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00
+    };
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/RangingUtils.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/RangingUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eec52ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/RangingUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.util;
+
+
+/**
+ * Ranging utilities embody the physics of converting RF path loss to distance. The free space path
+ * loss is proportional to the square of the distance from transmitter to receiver, and to the
+ * square of the frequency of the propagation signal.
+ */
+public final class RangingUtils {
+    private static final int MAX_RSSI_VALUE = 126;
+    private static final int MIN_RSSI_VALUE = -127;
+
+    private RangingUtils() {
+    }
+
+    /* This was original derived in {@link com.google.android.gms.beacon.util.RangingUtils} from
+     * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-space_path_loss">Free-space_path_loss</a>.
+     * Duplicated here for easy reference.
+     *
+     * c   = speed of light (2.9979 x 10^8 m/s);
+     * f   = frequency (Bluetooth center frequency is 2.44175GHz = 2.44175x10^9 Hz);
+     * l   = wavelength (in meters);
+     * d   = distance (from transmitter to receiver in meters);
+     * dB  = decibels
+     * dBm = decibel milliwatts
+     *
+     *
+     * Free-space path loss (FSPL) is proportional to the square of the distance between the
+     * transmitter and the receiver, and also proportional to the square of the frequency of the
+     * radio signal.
+     *
+     * FSPL      = (4 * pi * d / l)^2 = (4 * pi * d * f / c)^2
+     *
+     * FSPL (dB) = 10 * log10((4 * pi * d  * f / c)^2)
+     *           = 20 * log10(4 * pi * d * f / c)
+     *           = (20 * log10(d)) + (20 * log10(f)) + (20 * log10(4 * pi/c))
+     *
+     * Calculating constants:
+     *
+     * FSPL_FREQ        = 20 * log10(f)
+     *                  = 20 * log10(2.44175 * 10^9)
+     *                  = 187.75
+     *
+     * FSPL_LIGHT       = 20 * log10(4 * pi/c)
+     *                  = 20 * log10(4 * pi/(2.9979 * 10^8))
+     *                  = 20 * log10(4 * pi/(2.9979 * 10^8))
+     *                  = 20 * log10(41.9172441s * 10^-9)
+     *                  = -147.55
+     *
+     * FSPL_DISTANCE_1M = 20 * log10(1)
+     *                  = 0
+     *
+     * PATH_LOSS_AT_1M  = FSPL_DISTANCE_1M + FSPL_FREQ + FSPL_LIGHT
+     *                  =       0          + 187.75    + (-147.55)
+     *                  = 40.20db [round to 41db]
+     *
+     * Note: Rounding up makes us "closer" and makes us more aggressive at showing notifications.
+     */
+    private static final int RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M = 41;
+
+    /**
+     * Convert target distance and txPower to a RSSI value using the Log-distance path loss model
+     * with Path Loss at 1m of 41db.
+     *
+     * @return RSSI expected at distanceInMeters with device broadcasting at txPower.
+     */
+    public static int rssiFromTargetDistance(double distanceInMeters, int txPower) {
+        /*
+         * See <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-distance_path_loss_model">
+         * Log-distance path loss model</a>.
+         *
+         * PL      = total path loss in db
+         * txPower = TxPower in dbm
+         * rssi    = Received signal strength in dbm
+         * PL_0    = Path loss at reference distance d_0 {@link RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M} dbm
+         * d       = length of path
+         * d_0     = reference distance  (1 m)
+         * gamma   = path loss exponent (2 in free space)
+         *
+         * Log-distance path loss (LDPL) formula:
+         *
+         * PL = txPower - rssi =                   PL_0          + 10 * gamma  * log_10(d / d_0)
+         *      txPower - rssi =            RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M + 10 * 2 * log_10
+         * (distanceInMeters / 1)
+         *              - rssi = -txPower + RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M + 20 * log_10(distanceInMeters)
+         *                rssi =  txPower - RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M - 20 * log_10(distanceInMeters)
+         */
+        txPower = adjustPower(txPower);
+        return distanceInMeters == 0
+                ? txPower
+                : (int) Math.floor((txPower - RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M)
+                        - 20 * Math.log10(distanceInMeters));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert RSSI and txPower to a distance value using the Log-distance path loss model with Path
+     * Loss at 1m of 41db.
+     *
+     * @return distance in meters with device broadcasting at txPower and given RSSI.
+     */
+    public static double distanceFromRssiAndTxPower(int rssi, int txPower) {
+        /*
+         * See <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-distance_path_loss_model">Log-distance
+         * path
+         * loss model</a>.
+         *
+         * PL      = total path loss in db
+         * txPower = TxPower in dbm
+         * rssi    = Received signal strength in dbm
+         * PL_0    = Path loss at reference distance d_0 {@link RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M} dbm
+         * d       = length of path
+         * d_0     = reference distance  (1 m)
+         * gamma   = path loss exponent (2 in free space)
+         *
+         * Log-distance path loss (LDPL) formula:
+         *
+         * PL =    txPower - rssi                               = PL_0 + 10 * gamma  * log_10(d /
+         *  d_0)
+         *         txPower - rssi               = RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M + 10 * gamma  * log_10(d /
+         *  d_0)
+         *         txPower - rssi - RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M        = 10 * 2 * log_10
+         * (distanceInMeters / 1)
+         *         txPower - rssi - RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M        = 20 * log_10(distanceInMeters / 1)
+         *        (txPower - rssi - RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M) / 20  = log_10(distanceInMeters)
+         *  10 ^ ((txPower - rssi - RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M) / 20) = distanceInMeters
+         */
+        txPower = adjustPower(txPower);
+        rssi = adjustPower(rssi);
+        return Math.pow(10, (txPower - rssi - RSSI_DROP_OFF_AT_1_M) / 20.0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prevents the power from becoming too large or too small.
+     */
+    private static int adjustPower(int power) {
+        if (power > MAX_RSSI_VALUE) {
+            return MAX_RSSI_VALUE;
+        }
+        if (power < MIN_RSSI_VALUE) {
+            return MIN_RSSI_VALUE;
+        }
+        return power;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/StringUtils.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/StringUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d90b6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/StringUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.util;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/** Helper class for Bluetooth LE utils. */
+public final class StringUtils {
+    private StringUtils() {
+    }
+
+    /** Returns a string composed from a {@link SparseArray}. */
+    public static String toString(@Nullable SparseArray<byte[]> array) {
+        if (array == null) {
+            return "null";
+        }
+        if (array.size() == 0) {
+            return "{}";
+        }
+        StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
+        buffer.append('{');
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.size(); ++i) {
+            buffer.append(array.keyAt(i)).append("=").append(Arrays.toString(array.valueAt(i)));
+        }
+        buffer.append('}');
+        return buffer.toString();
+    }
+
+    /** Returns a string composed from a {@link Map}. */
+    public static <T> String toString(@Nullable Map<T, byte[]> map) {
+        if (map == null) {
+            return "null";
+        }
+        if (map.isEmpty()) {
+            return "{}";
+        }
+        StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
+        buffer.append('{');
+        Iterator<Map.Entry<T, byte[]>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
+        while (it.hasNext()) {
+            Map.Entry<T, byte[]> entry = it.next();
+            Object key = entry.getKey();
+            buffer.append(key).append("=").append(Arrays.toString(map.get(key)));
+            if (it.hasNext()) {
+                buffer.append(", ");
+            }
+        }
+        buffer.append('}');
+        return buffer.toString();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/BloomFilter.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/BloomFilter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d4275f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/BloomFilter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bloomfilter;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+
+import com.google.common.primitives.UnsignedInts;
+
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.BitSet;
+
+/**
+ * A bloom filter that gives access to the underlying BitSet.
+ */
+public class BloomFilter {
+    private static final Charset CHARSET = UTF_8;
+
+    /**
+     * Receives a value and converts it into an array of ints that will be converted to indexes for
+     * the filter.
+     */
+    public interface Hasher {
+        /**
+         * Generate hash value.
+         */
+        int[] getHashes(byte[] value);
+    }
+
+    // The backing data for this bloom filter. As additions are made, they're OR'd until it
+    // eventually reaches 0xFF.
+    private final BitSet mBits;
+    // The max length of bits.
+    private final int mBitLength;
+    // The hasher to use for converting a value into an array of hashes.
+    private final Hasher mHasher;
+
+    public BloomFilter(byte[] bytes, Hasher hasher) {
+        this.mBits = BitSet.valueOf(bytes);
+        this.mBitLength = bytes.length * 8;
+        this.mHasher = hasher;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the bloom filter check bit set as byte array.
+     */
+    public byte[] asBytes() {
+        // BitSet.toByteArray() truncates all the unset bits after the last set bit (eg. [0,0,1,0]
+        // becomes [0,0,1]) so we re-add those bytes if needed with Arrays.copy().
+        byte[] b = mBits.toByteArray();
+        if (b.length == mBitLength / 8) {
+            return b;
+        }
+        return Arrays.copyOf(b, mBitLength / 8);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add string value to bloom filter hash.
+     */
+    public void add(String s) {
+        add(s.getBytes(CHARSET));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds value to bloom filter hash.
+     */
+    public void add(byte[] value) {
+        int[] hashes = mHasher.getHashes(value);
+        for (int hash : hashes) {
+            mBits.set(UnsignedInts.remainder(hash, mBitLength));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if the string format has collision.
+     */
+    public boolean possiblyContains(String s) {
+        return possiblyContains(s.getBytes(CHARSET));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if value after hash will have collision.
+     */
+    public boolean possiblyContains(byte[] value) {
+        int[] hashes = mHasher.getHashes(value);
+        for (int hash : hashes) {
+            if (!mBits.get(UnsignedInts.remainder(hash, mBitLength))) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/FastPairBloomFilterHasher.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/FastPairBloomFilterHasher.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ccee97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/FastPairBloomFilterHasher.java
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bloomfilter;
+
+import com.google.common.hash.Hashing;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+
+/**
+ * Hasher which hashes a value using SHA-256 and splits it into parts, each of which can be
+ * converted to an index.
+ */
+public class FastPairBloomFilterHasher implements BloomFilter.Hasher {
+
+    private static final int NUM_INDEXES = 8;
+
+    @Override
+    public int[] getHashes(byte[] value) {
+        byte[] hash = Hashing.sha256().hashBytes(value).asBytes();
+        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(hash);
+        int[] hashes = new int[NUM_INDEXES];
+        for (int i = 0; i < NUM_INDEXES; i++) {
+            hashes[i] = buffer.getInt();
+        }
+        return hashes;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothConsts.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothConsts.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a02b18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothConsts.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Bluetooth constants.
+ */
+public class BluetoothConsts {
+
+    /**
+     * Default MTU when value is unknown.
+     */
+    public static final int DEFAULT_MTU = 23;
+
+    // The following random uuids are used to indicate that the device has dynamic services.
+    /**
+     * UUID of dynamic service.
+     */
+    public static final UUID SERVICE_DYNAMIC_SERVICE =
+            UUID.fromString("00000100-0af3-11e5-a6c0-1697f925ec7b");
+
+    /**
+     * UUID of dynamic characteristic.
+     */
+    public static final UUID SERVICE_DYNAMIC_CHARACTERISTIC =
+            UUID.fromString("00002A05-0af3-11e5-a6c0-1697f925ec7b");
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothException.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db2e1cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth;
+
+/**
+ * {@link Exception} thrown during a Bluetooth operation.
+ */
+public class BluetoothException extends Exception {
+    /** Constructor. */
+    public BluetoothException(String message) {
+        super(message);
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor. */
+    public BluetoothException(String message, Throwable throwable) {
+        super(message, throwable);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothGattException.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothGattException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ac4882
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothGattException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth;
+
+/**
+ * Exception for Bluetooth GATT operations.
+ */
+public class BluetoothGattException extends BluetoothException {
+    private final int mErrorCode;
+
+    /** Constructor. */
+    public BluetoothGattException(String message, int errorCode) {
+        super(message);
+        mErrorCode = errorCode;
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor. */
+    public BluetoothGattException(String message, int errorCode, Throwable cause) {
+        super(message, cause);
+        mErrorCode = errorCode;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns Gatt error code. */
+    public int getGattErrorCode() {
+        return mErrorCode;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothTimeoutException.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothTimeoutException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30fd188
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/BluetoothTimeoutException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth;
+
+/**
+ * {@link Exception} thrown during a Bluetooth operation when a timeout occurs.
+ */
+public class BluetoothTimeoutException extends BluetoothException {
+
+    /** Constructor. */
+    public BluetoothTimeoutException(String message) {
+        super(message);
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor. */
+    public BluetoothTimeoutException(String message, Throwable throwable) {
+        super(message, throwable);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/ReservedUuids.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/ReservedUuids.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..249011a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/ReservedUuids.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Reserved UUIDS by BT SIG.
+ * <p>
+ * See https://developer.bluetooth.org for more details.
+ */
+public class ReservedUuids {
+    /** UUIDs reserved for services. */
+    public static class Services {
+        /**
+         * The Device Information Service exposes manufacturer and/or vendor info about a device.
+         * <p>
+         * See reserved UUID org.bluetooth.service.device_information.
+         */
+        public static final UUID DEVICE_INFORMATION = fromShortUuid((short) 0x180A);
+
+        /**
+         * Generic attribute service.
+         * <p>
+         * See reserved UUID org.bluetooth.service.generic_attribute.
+         */
+        public static final UUID GENERIC_ATTRIBUTE = fromShortUuid((short) 0x1801);
+    }
+
+    /** UUIDs reserved for characteristics. */
+    public static class Characteristics {
+        /**
+         * The value of this characteristic is a UTF-8 string representing the firmware revision for
+         * the firmware within the device.
+         * <p>
+         * See reserved UUID org.bluetooth.characteristic.firmware_revision_string.
+         */
+        public static final UUID FIRMWARE_REVISION_STRING = fromShortUuid((short) 0x2A26);
+
+        /**
+         * Service change characteristic.
+         * <p>
+         * See reserved UUID org.bluetooth.characteristic.gatt.service_changed.
+         */
+        public static final UUID SERVICE_CHANGE = fromShortUuid((short) 0x2A05);
+    }
+
+    /** UUIDs reserved for descriptors. */
+    public static class Descriptors {
+        /**
+         * This descriptor shall be persistent across connections for bonded devices. The Client
+         * Characteristic Configuration descriptor is unique for each client. A client may read and
+         * write this descriptor to determine and set the configuration for that client.
+         * Authentication and authorization may be required by the server to write this descriptor.
+         * The default value for the Client Characteristic Configuration descriptor is 0x00. Upon
+         * connection of non-binded clients, this descriptor is set to the default value.
+         * <p>
+         * See reserved UUID org.bluetooth.descriptor.gatt.client_characteristic_configuration.
+         */
+        public static final UUID CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION =
+                fromShortUuid((short) 0x2902);
+    }
+
+    /** The base 128-bit UUID representation of a 16-bit UUID */
+    public static final UUID BASE_16_BIT_UUID =
+            UUID.fromString("00000000-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
+
+    /** Converts from short UUId to UUID. */
+    public static UUID fromShortUuid(short shortUuid) {
+        return new UUID(((((long) shortUuid) << 32) & 0x0000FFFF00000000L)
+                | ReservedUuids.BASE_16_BIT_UUID.getMostSignificantBits(),
+                ReservedUuids.BASE_16_BIT_UUID.getLeastSignificantBits());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AccountKeyGenerator.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AccountKeyGenerator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28a9c33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AccountKeyGenerator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.generateKey;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.AccountKeyCharacteristic;
+
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+
+/**
+ * This is to generate account key with fast-pair style.
+ */
+public final class AccountKeyGenerator {
+
+    // Generate a key where the first byte is always defined as the type, 0x04. This maintains 15
+    // bytes of entropy in the key while also allowing providers to verify that they have received
+    // a properly formatted key and decrypted it correctly, minimizing the risk of replay attacks.
+
+    /**
+     * Creates account key.
+     */
+    public static byte[] createAccountKey() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        byte[] accountKey = generateKey();
+        accountKey[0] = AccountKeyCharacteristic.TYPE;
+        return accountKey;
+    }
+
+    private AccountKeyGenerator() {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AdditionalDataEncoder.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AdditionalDataEncoder.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9ccfd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AdditionalDataEncoder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.NONCE_SIZE;
+
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Utilities for encoding/decoding the additional data packet and verifying both the data integrity
+ * and the authentication.
+ *
+ * <p>Additional Data packet is:
+ *
+ * <ol>
+ *   <li>AdditionalData_Packet[0 - 7]: the first 8-byte of HMAC.
+ *   <li>AdditionalData_Packet[8 - var]: the encrypted message by AES-CTR, with 8-byte nonce
+ *       appended to the front.
+ * </ol>
+ *
+ * See https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec#AdditionalData.
+ */
+public final class AdditionalDataEncoder {
+
+    static final int EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE = 8;
+    static final int MAX_LENGTH_OF_DATA = 64;
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the given data to additional data packet by the given secret.
+     */
+    static byte[] encodeAdditionalDataPacket(byte[] secret, byte[] additionalData)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (secret == null || secret.length != AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.KEY_LENGTH) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Incorrect secret for encoding additional data packet, secret.length = "
+                            + (secret == null ? "NULL" : secret.length));
+        }
+
+        if ((additionalData == null)
+                || (additionalData.length == 0)
+                || (additionalData.length > MAX_LENGTH_OF_DATA)) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Invalid data for encoding additional data packet, data = "
+                            + (additionalData == null ? "NULL" : additionalData.length));
+        }
+
+        byte[] encryptedData = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, additionalData);
+        byte[] extractedHmac =
+                Arrays.copyOf(HmacSha256.build(secret, encryptedData), EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE);
+
+        return concat(extractedHmac, encryptedData);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Decodes additional data packet by the given secret.
+     *
+     * @param secret AES-128 key used in the encryption to decrypt data
+     * @param additionalDataPacket additional data packet which is encoded by the given secret
+     * @return the data byte array decoded from the given packet
+     * @throws GeneralSecurityException if the given key or additional data packet is invalid for
+     * decoding
+     */
+    static byte[] decodeAdditionalDataPacket(byte[] secret, byte[] additionalDataPacket)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (secret == null || secret.length != AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.KEY_LENGTH) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Incorrect secret for decoding additional data packet, secret.length = "
+                            + (secret == null ? "NULL" : secret.length));
+        }
+        if (additionalDataPacket == null
+                || additionalDataPacket.length <= EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE
+                || additionalDataPacket.length
+                > (MAX_LENGTH_OF_DATA + EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE + NONCE_SIZE)) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Additional data packet size is incorrect, additionalDataPacket.length is "
+                            + (additionalDataPacket == null ? "NULL"
+                            : additionalDataPacket.length));
+        }
+
+        if (!verifyHmac(secret, additionalDataPacket)) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Verify HMAC failed, could be incorrect key or packet.");
+        }
+        byte[] encryptedData =
+                Arrays.copyOfRange(
+                        additionalDataPacket, EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE, additionalDataPacket.length);
+        return AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.decrypt(secret, encryptedData);
+    }
+
+    // Computes the HMAC of the given key and additional data, and compares the first 8-byte of the
+    // HMAC result with the one from additional data packet.
+    // Must call constant-time comparison to prevent a possible timing attack, e.g. time the same
+    // MAC with all different first byte for a given ciphertext, the right one will take longer as
+    // it will fail on the second byte's verification.
+    private static boolean verifyHmac(byte[] key, byte[] additionalDataPacket)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] packetHmac =
+                Arrays.copyOfRange(additionalDataPacket, /* from= */ 0, EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE);
+        byte[] encryptedData =
+                Arrays.copyOfRange(
+                        additionalDataPacket, EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE, additionalDataPacket.length);
+        byte[] computedHmac = Arrays.copyOf(
+                HmacSha256.build(key, encryptedData), EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE);
+
+        return HmacSha256.compareTwoHMACs(packetHmac, computedHmac);
+    }
+
+    private AdditionalDataEncoder() {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50a818b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.java
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * AES-CTR utilities used for encrypting and decrypting Fast Pair packets that contain multiple
+ * blocks. Encrypts input data by:
+ *
+ * <ol>
+ *   <li>encryptedBlock[i] = clearBlock[i] ^ AES(counter), and
+ *   <li>concat(encryptedBlock[0], encryptedBlock[1],...) to create the encrypted result, where
+ *   <li>counter: the 16-byte input of AES. counter = iv + block_index.
+ *   <li>iv: extend 8-byte nonce to 16 bytes with zero padding. i.e. concat(0x0000000000000000,
+ *       nonce).
+ *   <li>nonce: the cryptographically random 8 bytes, must never be reused with the same key.
+ * </ol>
+ */
+final class AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption {
+
+    /** Length for AES-128 key. */
+    static final int KEY_LENGTH = AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.KEY_LENGTH;
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int AES_BLOCK_LENGTH = AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.AES_BLOCK_LENGTH;
+
+    /** Length of the nonce, a byte array of cryptographically random bytes. */
+    static final int NONCE_SIZE = 8;
+
+    private static final int IV_SIZE = AES_BLOCK_LENGTH;
+    private static final int MAX_NUMBER_OF_BLOCKS = 4;
+
+    private AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption() {}
+
+    /** Generates a 16-byte AES key. */
+    static byte[] generateKey() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        return AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encrypts data using AES-CTR by the given secret.
+     *
+     * @param secret AES-128 key.
+     * @param data the plaintext to be encrypted.
+     * @return the encrypted data with the 8-byte nonce appended to the front.
+     */
+    static byte[] encrypt(byte[] secret, byte[] data) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] nonce = generateNonce();
+        return concat(nonce, doAesCtr(secret, data, nonce));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Decrypts data using AES-CTR by the given secret and nonce.
+     *
+     * @param secret AES-128 key.
+     * @param data the first 8 bytes is the nonce, and the remaining is the encrypted data to be
+     *     decrypted.
+     * @return the decrypted data.
+     */
+    static byte[] decrypt(byte[] secret, byte[] data) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (data == null || data.length <= NONCE_SIZE) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Incorrect data length "
+                            + (data == null ? "NULL" : data.length)
+                            + " to decrypt, the data should contain nonce.");
+        }
+        byte[] nonce = Arrays.copyOf(data, NONCE_SIZE);
+        byte[] encryptedData = Arrays.copyOfRange(data, NONCE_SIZE, data.length);
+        return doAesCtr(secret, encryptedData, nonce);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates cryptographically random NONCE_SIZE bytes nonce. This nonce can be used only once.
+     * Always call this function to generate a new nonce before a new encryption.
+     */
+    // Suppression for a warning for potentially insecure random numbers on Android 4.3 and older.
+    // Fast Pair service is only for Android 6.0+ devices.
+    static byte[] generateNonce() {
+        SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
+        byte[] nonce = new byte[NONCE_SIZE];
+        random.nextBytes(nonce);
+
+        return nonce;
+    }
+
+    // AES-CTR implementation.
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static byte[] doAesCtr(byte[] secret, byte[] data, byte[] nonce)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (secret.length != KEY_LENGTH) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    "Incorrect key length for encryption, only supports 16-byte AES Key.");
+        }
+        if (nonce.length != NONCE_SIZE) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    "Incorrect nonce length for encryption, "
+                            + "Fast Pair naming scheme only supports 8-byte nonce.");
+        }
+
+        // Keeps the following operations on this byte[], returns it as the final AES-CTR result.
+        byte[] aesCtrResult = new byte[data.length];
+        System.arraycopy(data, /*srcPos=*/ 0, aesCtrResult, /*destPos=*/ 0, data.length);
+
+        // Initializes counter as IV.
+        byte[] counter = createIv(nonce);
+        // The length of the given data is permitted to non-align block size.
+        int numberOfBlocks =
+                (data.length / AES_BLOCK_LENGTH) + ((data.length % AES_BLOCK_LENGTH == 0) ? 0 : 1);
+
+        if (numberOfBlocks > MAX_NUMBER_OF_BLOCKS) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    "Incorrect data size, Fast Pair naming scheme only supports 4 blocks.");
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfBlocks; i++) {
+            // Performs the operation: encryptedBlock[i] = clearBlock[i] ^ AES(counter).
+            counter[0] = (byte) (i & 0xFF);
+            byte[] aesOfCounter = doAesSingleBlock(secret, counter);
+            int start = i * AES_BLOCK_LENGTH;
+            // The size of the last block of data may not be 16 bytes. If not, still do xor to the
+            // last byte of data.
+            int end = Math.min(start + AES_BLOCK_LENGTH, data.length);
+            for (int j = 0; start < end; j++, start++) {
+                aesCtrResult[start] ^= aesOfCounter[j];
+            }
+        }
+        return aesCtrResult;
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] doAesSingleBlock(byte[] secret, byte[] counter)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        return AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, counter);
+    }
+
+    /** Extends 8-byte nonce to 16 bytes with zero padding to create IV. */
+    private static byte[] createIv(byte[] nonce) {
+        return concat(new byte[IV_SIZE - NONCE_SIZE], nonce);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..547931e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+
+import javax.crypto.Cipher;
+import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
+import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
+
+/**
+ * Utilities used for encrypting and decrypting Fast Pair packets.
+ */
+// SuppressLint for ""ecb encryption mode should not be used".
+// Reasons:
+//    1. FastPair data is guaranteed to be only 1 AES block in size, ECB is secure.
+//    2. In each case, the encrypted data is less than 16-bytes and is
+//       padded up to 16-bytes using random data to fill the rest of the byte array,
+//       so the plaintext will never be the same.
+@SuppressLint("GetInstance")
+public final class AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption {
+
+    public static final int AES_BLOCK_LENGTH = 16;
+    public static final int KEY_LENGTH = 16;
+
+    private AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a 16-byte AES key.
+     */
+    public static byte[] generateKey() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        KeyGenerator generator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
+        generator.init(KEY_LENGTH * 8); // Ensure a 16-byte key is always used.
+        return generator.generateKey().getEncoded();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encrypts data with the provided secret.
+     */
+    public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] secret, byte[] data) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        return doEncryption(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secret, data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Decrypts data with the provided secret.
+     */
+    public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] secret, byte[] data) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        return doEncryption(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secret, data);
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] doEncryption(int mode, byte[] secret, byte[] data)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (data.length != AES_BLOCK_LENGTH) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("This encrypter only supports 16-byte inputs.");
+        }
+        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/NoPadding");
+        cipher.init(mode, new SecretKeySpec(secret, "AES"));
+        return cipher.doFinal(data);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAddress.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAddress.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bb5a86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAddress.java
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.provider.Settings;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Ascii;
+import com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/** Utils for dealing with Bluetooth addresses. */
+public final class BluetoothAddress {
+
+    private static final BaseEncoding ENCODING = base16().upperCase().withSeparator(":", 2);
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final String SECURE_SETTINGS_KEY_BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS = "bluetooth_address";
+
+    /**
+     * @return The string format used by e.g. {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice}. Upper case.
+     *     Example: "AA:BB:CC:11:22:33"
+     */
+    public static String encode(byte[] address) {
+        return ENCODING.encode(address);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param address The string format used by e.g. {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice}.
+     *     Case-insensitive. Example: "AA:BB:CC:11:22:33"
+     */
+    public static byte[] decode(String address) {
+        return ENCODING.decode(address.toUpperCase(Locale.US));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get public bluetooth address.
+     *
+     * @param context a valid {@link Context} instance.
+     */
+    public static @Nullable byte[] getPublicAddress(Context context) {
+        String publicAddress =
+                Settings.Secure.getString(
+                        context.getContentResolver(), SECURE_SETTINGS_KEY_BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS);
+        return publicAddress != null && BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(publicAddress)
+                ? decode(publicAddress)
+                : null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Hides partial information of Bluetooth address.
+     * ex1: input is null, output should be empty string
+     * ex2: input is String(AA:BB:CC), output should be AA:BB:CC
+     * ex3: input is String(AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF), output should be XX:XX:XX:XX:EE:FF
+     * ex4: input is String(Aa:Bb:Cc:Dd:Ee:Ff), output should be XX:XX:XX:XX:EE:FF
+     * ex5: input is BluetoothDevice(AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF), output should be XX:XX:XX:XX:EE:FF
+     */
+    public static String maskBluetoothAddress(@Nullable Object address) {
+        if (address == null) {
+            return "";
+        }
+
+        if (address instanceof String) {
+            String originalAddress = (String) address;
+            String upperCasedAddress = Ascii.toUpperCase(originalAddress);
+            if (!BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(upperCasedAddress)) {
+                return originalAddress;
+            }
+            return convert(upperCasedAddress);
+        } else if (address instanceof BluetoothDevice) {
+            return convert(((BluetoothDevice) address).getAddress());
+        }
+
+        // For others, returns toString().
+        return address.toString();
+    }
+
+    private static String convert(String address) {
+        return "XX:XX:XX:XX:" + address.substring(12);
+    }
+
+    private BluetoothAddress() {}
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAudioPairer.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAudioPairer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07306c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAudioPairer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,774 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ERROR;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile.A2DP;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile.HEADSET;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress;
+
+import static java.util.concurrent.Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor;
+
+import android.Manifest.permission;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.HandlerThread;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.annotation.UiThread;
+import androidx.annotation.WorkerThread;
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.PasskeyCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.Profile;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.TimingLogger.ScopedTiming;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattConnection.ChangeObserver;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs.ConnectErrorCode;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs.CreateBondErrorCode;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.SettableFuture;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+
+/**
+ * Pairs to Bluetooth audio devices.
+ */
+public class BluetoothAudioPairer {
+
+    private static final String TAG = BluetoothAudioPairer.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    /**
+     * Hidden, see {@link BluetoothDevice}.
+     */
+    // TODO(b/202549655): remove Hidden usage.
+    private static final String EXTRA_REASON = "android.bluetooth.device.extra.REASON";
+
+    /**
+     * Hidden, see {@link BluetoothDevice}.
+     */
+    // TODO(b/202549655): remove Hidden usage.
+    private static final int PAIRING_VARIANT_CONSENT = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * Hidden, see {@link BluetoothDevice}.
+     */
+    // TODO(b/202549655): remove Hidden usage.
+    public static final int PAIRING_VARIANT_DISPLAY_PASSKEY = 4;
+
+    private static final int DISCOVERY_STATE_CHANGE_TIMEOUT_MS = 3000;
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final Preferences mPreferences;
+    private final EventLoggerWrapper mEventLogger;
+    private final BluetoothDevice mDevice;
+    @Nullable
+    private final KeyBasedPairingInfo mKeyBasedPairingInfo;
+    @Nullable
+    private final PasskeyConfirmationHandler mPasskeyConfirmationHandler;
+    private final TimingLogger mTimingLogger;
+
+    private static boolean sTestMode = false;
+
+    static void enableTestMode() {
+        sTestMode = true;
+    }
+
+    static class KeyBasedPairingInfo {
+
+        private final byte[] mSecret;
+        private final GattConnectionManager mGattConnectionManager;
+        private final boolean mProviderInitiatesBonding;
+
+        /**
+         * @param secret The secret negotiated during the initial BLE handshake for Key-based
+         * Pairing. See {@link FastPairConnection#handshake}.
+         * @param gattConnectionManager A manager that knows how to get and create Gatt connections
+         * to the remote device.
+         */
+        KeyBasedPairingInfo(
+                byte[] secret,
+                GattConnectionManager gattConnectionManager,
+                boolean providerInitiatesBonding) {
+            this.mSecret = secret;
+            this.mGattConnectionManager = gattConnectionManager;
+            this.mProviderInitiatesBonding = providerInitiatesBonding;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public BluetoothAudioPairer(
+            Context context,
+            BluetoothDevice device,
+            Preferences preferences,
+            EventLoggerWrapper eventLogger,
+            @Nullable KeyBasedPairingInfo keyBasedPairingInfo,
+            @Nullable PasskeyConfirmationHandler passkeyConfirmationHandler,
+            TimingLogger timingLogger)
+            throws PairingException {
+        this.mContext = context;
+        this.mDevice = device;
+        this.mPreferences = preferences;
+        this.mEventLogger = eventLogger;
+        this.mKeyBasedPairingInfo = keyBasedPairingInfo;
+        this.mPasskeyConfirmationHandler = passkeyConfirmationHandler;
+        this.mTimingLogger = timingLogger;
+
+        // TODO(b/203455314): follow up with the following comments.
+        // The OS should give the user some UI to choose if they want to allow access, but there
+        // seems to be a bug where if we don't reject access, it's auto-granted in some cases
+        // (Plantronics headset gets contacts access when pairing with my Taimen via Bluetooth
+        // Settings, without me seeing any UI about it). b/64066631
+        //
+        // If that OS bug doesn't get fixed, we can flip these flags to force-reject the
+        // permissions.
+        if (preferences.getRejectPhonebookAccess() && (sTestMode ? false :
+                !device.setPhonebookAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice.ACCESS_REJECTED))) {
+            throw new PairingException("Failed to deny contacts (phonebook) access.");
+        }
+        if (preferences.getRejectMessageAccess()
+                && (sTestMode ? false :
+                !device.setMessageAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice.ACCESS_REJECTED))) {
+            throw new PairingException("Failed to deny message access.");
+        }
+        if (preferences.getRejectSimAccess()
+                && (sTestMode ? false :
+                !device.setSimAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice.ACCESS_REJECTED))) {
+            throw new PairingException("Failed to deny SIM access.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    boolean isPaired() {
+        return (sTestMode ? false : mDevice.getBondState() == BOND_BONDED);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unpairs from the device. Throws an exception if any error occurs.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    void unpair()
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException, PairingException {
+        int bondState =  sTestMode ? BOND_NONE : mDevice.getBondState();
+        try (UnbondedReceiver unbondedReceiver = new UnbondedReceiver();
+                ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                        "Unpair for state: " + bondState)) {
+            // We'll only get a state change broadcast if we're actually unbonding (method returns
+            // true).
+            if (bondState == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
+                mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.REMOVE_BOND);
+                Log.i(TAG,  "removeBond with " + maskBluetoothAddress(mDevice));
+                mDevice.removeBond();
+                unbondedReceiver.await(
+                        mPreferences.getRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+            } else if (bondState == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING) {
+                mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.CANCEL_BOND);
+                Log.i(TAG,  "cancelBondProcess with " + maskBluetoothAddress(mDevice));
+                mDevice.cancelBondProcess();
+                unbondedReceiver.await(
+                        mPreferences.getRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+            } else {
+                // The OS may have beaten us in a race, unbonding before we called the method. So if
+                // we're (somehow) in the desired state then we're happy, if not then bail.
+                if (bondState != BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {
+                    throw new PairingException("returned false, state=%s", bondState);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // This seems to improve the probability that createBond will succeed after removeBond.
+        SystemClock.sleep(mPreferences.getRemoveBondSleepMillis());
+        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pairs with the device. Throws an exception if any error occurs.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    void pair()
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException, PairingException {
+        // Unpair first, because if we have a bond, but the other device has forgotten its bond,
+        // it can send us a pairing request that we're not ready for (which can pop up a dialog).
+        // Or, if we're in the middle of a (too-long) bonding attempt, we want to cancel.
+        unpair();
+
+        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.CREATE_BOND);
+        try (BondedReceiver bondedReceiver = new BondedReceiver();
+                ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Create bond")) {
+            // If the provider's initiating the bond, we do nothing but wait for broadcasts.
+            if (mKeyBasedPairingInfo == null || !mKeyBasedPairingInfo.mProviderInitiatesBonding) {
+                if (!sTestMode) {
+                    Log.i(TAG, "createBond with " + maskBluetoothAddress(mDevice) + ", type="
+                        + mDevice.getType());
+                    if (mPreferences.getSpecifyCreateBondTransportType()) {
+                        mDevice.createBond(mPreferences.getCreateBondTransportType());
+                    } else {
+                        mDevice.createBond();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            try {
+                bondedReceiver.await(mPreferences.getCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+            } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "bondedReceiver time out after " + mPreferences
+                        .getCreateBondTimeoutSeconds() + " seconds");
+                if (mPreferences.getIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded() && isPaired()) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "Created bond but never received UUIDs, attempting to continue.");
+                } else {
+                    // Rethrow e to cause the pairing to fail and be retried if necessary.
+                    throw e;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Connects to the given profile. Throws an exception if any error occurs.
+     *
+     * <p>If remote device clears the link key, the BOND_BONDED state would transit to BOND_BONDING
+     * (and go through the pairing process again) when directly connecting the profile. By enabling
+     * enablePairingBehavior, we provide both pairing and connecting behaviors at the same time. See
+     * b/145699390 for more details.
+     */
+    // Suppression for possible null from ImmutableMap#get. See go/lsc-get-nullable
+    @SuppressWarnings("nullness:argument")
+    @WorkerThread
+    public void connect(short profileUuid, boolean enablePairingBehavior)
+            throws InterruptedException, ReflectionException, TimeoutException, ExecutionException,
+            ConnectException {
+        if (!mPreferences.isSupportedProfile(profileUuid)) {
+            throw new ConnectException(
+                    ConnectErrorCode.UNSUPPORTED_PROFILE, "Unsupported profile=%s", profileUuid);
+        }
+        Profile profile = Constants.PROFILES.get(profileUuid);
+        Log.i(TAG,
+                "Connecting to profile=" + profile + " on device=" + maskBluetoothAddress(mDevice));
+        try (BondedReceiver bondedReceiver = enablePairingBehavior ? new BondedReceiver() : null;
+                ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                        "Connect: " + profile)) {
+            connectByProfileProxy(profile);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void connectByProfileProxy(Profile profile)
+            throws ReflectionException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException,
+            ConnectException {
+        try (BluetoothProfileWrapper autoClosingProxy = new BluetoothProfileWrapper(profile);
+                ConnectedReceiver connectedReceiver = new ConnectedReceiver(profile)) {
+            BluetoothProfile proxy = autoClosingProxy.mProxy;
+
+            // Try to connect via reflection
+            Log.v(TAG, "Connect to proxy=" + proxy);
+
+            if (!sTestMode) {
+                if (!(Boolean) Reflect.on(proxy).withMethod("connect", BluetoothDevice.class)
+                        .get(mDevice)) {
+                    // If we're already connecting, connect() may return false. :/
+                    Log.w(TAG, "connect returned false, expected if connecting, state="
+                            + proxy.getConnectionState(mDevice));
+                }
+            }
+
+            // If we're already connected, the OS may not send the connection state broadcast, so
+            // return immediately for that case.
+            if (!sTestMode) {
+                if (proxy.getConnectionState(mDevice) == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
+                    Log.v(TAG, "connectByProfileProxy: already connected to device="
+                            + maskBluetoothAddress(mDevice));
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+
+            try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Wait connection")) {
+                // Wait for connecting to succeed or fail (via event or timeout).
+                connectedReceiver
+                        .await(mPreferences.getCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class BluetoothProfileWrapper implements AutoCloseable {
+
+        // incompatible types in assignment.
+        @SuppressWarnings("nullness:assignment")
+        private final BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
+
+        private final Profile mProfile;
+        private final BluetoothProfile mProxy;
+
+        /**
+         * Blocks until we get the proxy. Throws on error.
+         */
+        private BluetoothProfileWrapper(Profile profile)
+                throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException,
+                ConnectException {
+            this.mProfile = profile;
+            mProxy = getProfileProxy(profile);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() {
+            try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming =
+                    new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Close profile: " + mProfile)) {
+                if (!sTestMode) {
+                    mBluetoothAdapter.closeProfileProxy(mProfile.type, mProxy);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private BluetoothProfile getProfileProxy(BluetoothProfileWrapper this, Profile profile)
+                throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException,
+                ConnectException {
+            if (profile.type != A2DP && profile.type != HEADSET) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported profile type=" + profile.type);
+            }
+
+            SettableFuture<BluetoothProfile> proxyFuture = SettableFuture.create();
+            BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener listener =
+                    new BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener() {
+                        @UiThread
+                        @Override
+                        public void onServiceConnected(int profileType, BluetoothProfile proxy) {
+                            proxyFuture.set(proxy);
+                        }
+
+                        @Override
+                        public void onServiceDisconnected(int profileType) {
+                            Log.v(TAG, "proxy disconnected for profile=" + profile);
+                        }
+                    };
+
+            if (!mBluetoothAdapter.getProfileProxy(mContext, listener, profile.type)) {
+                throw new ConnectException(
+                        ConnectErrorCode.GET_PROFILE_PROXY_FAILED,
+                        "getProfileProxy failed immediately");
+            }
+
+            return proxyFuture.get(mPreferences.getProxyTimeoutSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class UnbondedReceiver extends DeviceIntentReceiver {
+
+        private UnbondedReceiver() {
+            super(mContext, mPreferences, mDevice, BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void onReceiveDeviceIntent(Intent intent) throws Exception {
+            if (mDevice.getBondState() == BOND_NONE) {
+                try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                        "Close UnbondedReceiver")) {
+                    close();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Receiver that closes after bonding has completed.
+     */
+    class BondedReceiver extends DeviceIntentReceiver {
+
+        private boolean mReceivedUuids = false;
+        private boolean mReceivedPasskey = false;
+
+        private BondedReceiver() {
+            super(
+                    mContext,
+                    mPreferences,
+                    mDevice,
+                    BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST,
+                    BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED,
+                    BluetoothDevice.ACTION_UUID);
+        }
+
+        // switching on a possibly-null value (intent.getAction())
+        // incompatible types in argument.
+        @SuppressWarnings({"nullness:switching.nullable", "nullness:argument"})
+        @Override
+        protected void onReceiveDeviceIntent(Intent intent)
+                throws PairingException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException,
+                BluetoothException, GeneralSecurityException {
+            switch (intent.getAction()) {
+                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST:
+                    int variant = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_VARIANT, ERROR);
+                    int passkey = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_KEY, ERROR);
+                    handlePairingRequest(variant, passkey);
+                    break;
+                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED:
+                    // Use the state in the intent, not device.getBondState(), to avoid a race where
+                    // we log the wrong failure reason during a rapid transition.
+                    int bondState = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE, ERROR);
+                    int reason = intent.getIntExtra(EXTRA_REASON, ERROR);
+                    handleBondStateChanged(bondState, reason);
+                    break;
+                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_UUID:
+                    // According to eisenbach@ and pavlin@, there's always a UUID broadcast when
+                    // pairing (it can happen either before or after the transition to BONDED).
+                    if (mPreferences.getWaitForUuidsAfterBonding()) {
+                        Parcelable[] uuids = intent
+                                .getParcelableArrayExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_UUID);
+                        handleUuids(uuids);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void handlePairingRequest(int variant, int passkey) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Pairing request, variant=" + variant + ", passkey=" + (passkey == ERROR
+                    ? "(none)" : String.valueOf(passkey)));
+            if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+                mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.HANDLE_PAIRING_REQUEST);
+            }
+
+            if (mPreferences.getSupportHidDevice() && variant == PAIRING_VARIANT_DISPLAY_PASSKEY) {
+                mReceivedPasskey = true;
+                extendAwaitSecond(
+                        mPreferences.getHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds()
+                                - mPreferences.getCreateBondTimeoutSeconds());
+                triggerDiscoverStateChange();
+                if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+                    mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                }
+                return;
+
+            } else {
+                // Prevent Bluetooth Settings from getting the pairing request and showing its own
+                // UI.
+                abortBroadcast();
+
+                if (variant == PAIRING_VARIANT_CONSENT
+                        && mKeyBasedPairingInfo == null // Fast Pair 1.0 device
+                        && mPreferences.getAcceptConsentForFastPairOne()) {
+                    // Previously, if Bluetooth decided to use the Just Works variant (e.g. Fast
+                    // Pair 1.0), we don't get a pairing request broadcast at all.
+                    // However, after CVE-2019-2225, Bluetooth will decide to ask consent from
+                    // users. Details:
+                    // https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2019-12-01#system
+                    // Since we've certified the Fast Pair 1.0 devices, and user taps to pair it
+                    // (with the device's image), we could help user to accept the consent.
+                    if (!sTestMode) {
+                        mDevice.setPairingConfirmation(true);
+                    }
+                    if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+                        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                    }
+                    return;
+                } else if (variant != BluetoothDevice.PAIRING_VARIANT_PASSKEY_CONFIRMATION) {
+                    if (!sTestMode) {
+                        mDevice.setPairingConfirmation(false);
+                    }
+                    if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+                        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(
+                                new CreateBondException(
+                                        CreateBondErrorCode.INCORRECT_VARIANT, 0,
+                                        "Incorrect variant for FastPair"));
+                    }
+                    return;
+                }
+                mReceivedPasskey = true;
+
+                if (mKeyBasedPairingInfo == null) {
+                    if (mPreferences.getAcceptPasskey()) {
+                        // Must be the simulator using FP 1.0 (no Key-based Pairing). Real
+                        // headphones using FP 1.0 use Just Works instead (and maybe we should
+                        // disable this flag for them).
+                        if (!sTestMode) {
+                            mDevice.setPairingConfirmation(true);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+                        if (!sTestMode) {
+                            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+            }
+
+            newSingleThreadExecutor()
+                    .execute(
+                            () -> {
+                                try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming1 =
+                                        new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Exchange passkey")) {
+                                    mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.PASSKEY_EXCHANGE);
+
+                                    // We already check above, but the static analyzer's not
+                                    // convinced without this.
+                                    Preconditions.checkNotNull(mKeyBasedPairingInfo);
+                                    BluetoothGattConnection connection =
+                                            mKeyBasedPairingInfo.mGattConnectionManager
+                                                    .getConnection();
+                                    UUID characteristicUuid =
+                                            PasskeyCharacteristic.getId(connection);
+                                    ChangeObserver remotePasskeyObserver =
+                                            connection.enableNotification(FastPairService.ID,
+                                                    characteristicUuid);
+                                    Log.i(TAG, "Sending local passkey.");
+                                    byte[] encryptedData;
+                                    try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming2 =
+                                            new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Encrypt passkey")) {
+                                        encryptedData =
+                                                PasskeyCharacteristic.encrypt(
+                                                        PasskeyCharacteristic.Type.SEEKER,
+                                                        mKeyBasedPairingInfo.mSecret, passkey);
+                                    }
+                                    try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming3 =
+                                            new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                                                    "Send passkey to remote")) {
+                                        connection.writeCharacteristic(
+                                                FastPairService.ID, characteristicUuid,
+                                                encryptedData);
+                                    }
+                                    Log.i(TAG, "Waiting for remote passkey.");
+                                    byte[] encryptedRemotePasskey;
+                                    try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming4 =
+                                            new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                                                    "Wait for remote passkey")) {
+                                        encryptedRemotePasskey =
+                                                remotePasskeyObserver.waitForUpdate(
+                                                        TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(mPreferences
+                                                                .getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds()));
+                                    }
+                                    int remotePasskey;
+                                    try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming5 =
+                                            new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Decrypt passkey")) {
+                                        remotePasskey =
+                                                PasskeyCharacteristic.decrypt(
+                                                        PasskeyCharacteristic.Type.PROVIDER,
+                                                        mKeyBasedPairingInfo.mSecret,
+                                                        encryptedRemotePasskey);
+                                    }
+
+                                    // We log success if we made it through with no exceptions.
+                                    // If the passkey was wrong, pairing will fail and we'll log
+                                    // BOND_BROKEN with reason = AUTH_FAILED.
+                                    mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+
+                                    boolean isPasskeyCorrect = passkey == remotePasskey;
+                                    if (isPasskeyCorrect) {
+                                        Log.i(TAG, "Passkey correct.");
+                                    } else {
+                                        Log.e(TAG, "Passkey incorrect, local= " + passkey
+                                                + ", remote=" + remotePasskey);
+                                    }
+
+                                    // Don't estimate the {@code ScopedTiming} because the
+                                    // passkey confirmation is done by UI.
+                                    if (isPasskeyCorrect
+                                            && mPreferences.getHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi()
+                                            && mPasskeyConfirmationHandler != null) {
+                                        Log.i(TAG, "Callback the passkey to UI for confirmation.");
+                                        mPasskeyConfirmationHandler
+                                                .onPasskeyConfirmation(mDevice, passkey);
+                                    } else {
+                                        try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming6 =
+                                                new ScopedTiming(
+                                                        mTimingLogger, "Confirm the pairing: "
+                                                        + isPasskeyCorrect)) {
+                                            mDevice.setPairingConfirmation(isPasskeyCorrect);
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                } catch (BluetoothException
+                                        | GeneralSecurityException
+                                        | InterruptedException
+                                        | ExecutionException
+                                        | TimeoutException e) {
+                                    mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+                                    closeWithError(e);
+                                }
+                            });
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Workaround to let Settings popup a pairing dialog instead of notification. When pairing
+         * request intent passed to Settings, it'll check several conditions to decide that it
+         * should show a dialog or a notification. One of those conditions is to check if the device
+         * is in discovery mode recently, which can be fulfilled by calling {@link
+         * BluetoothAdapter#startDiscovery()}. This method aims to fulfill the condition, and block
+         * the pairing broadcast for at most
+         * {@link BluetoothAudioPairer#DISCOVERY_STATE_CHANGE_TIMEOUT_MS}
+         * to make sure that we fulfill the condition first and successful.
+         */
+        // dereference of possibly-null reference bluetoothAdapter
+        @SuppressWarnings("nullness:dereference.of.nullable")
+        private void triggerDiscoverStateChange() {
+            BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
+
+            if (bluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            HandlerThread backgroundThread = new HandlerThread("TriggerDiscoverStateChangeThread");
+            backgroundThread.start();
+
+            AtomicBoolean result = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+            SimpleBroadcastReceiver receiver =
+                    new SimpleBroadcastReceiver(
+                            mContext,
+                            mPreferences,
+                            new Handler(backgroundThread.getLooper()),
+                            BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED,
+                            BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED) {
+
+                        @Override
+                        protected void onReceive(Intent intent) throws Exception {
+                            result.set(true);
+                            close();
+                        }
+                    };
+
+            Log.i(TAG, "triggerDiscoverStateChange call startDiscovery.");
+            // Uses startDiscovery to trigger Settings show pairing dialog instead of notification.
+            if (!sTestMode) {
+                bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
+                bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
+            }
+            try {
+                receiver.await(DISCOVERY_STATE_CHANGE_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException | TimeoutException e) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "triggerDiscoverStateChange failed!");
+            }
+
+            backgroundThread.quitSafely();
+            try {
+                backgroundThread.join();
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                Log.i(TAG, "triggerDiscoverStateChange backgroundThread.join meet exception!", e);
+            }
+
+            if (result.get()) {
+                Log.i(TAG, "triggerDiscoverStateChange successful.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void handleBondStateChanged(int bondState, int reason)
+                throws PairingException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException,
+                TimeoutException {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Bond state changed to " + bondState + ", reason=" + reason);
+            switch (bondState) {
+                case BOND_BONDED:
+                    if (mKeyBasedPairingInfo != null && !mReceivedPasskey) {
+                        // The device bonded with Just Works, although we did the Key-based Pairing
+                        // GATT handshake and agreed on a pairing secret. It might be a Person In
+                        // The Middle Attack!
+                        try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming =
+                                new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                                        "Close BondedReceiver: POSSIBLE_MITM")) {
+                            closeWithError(
+                                    new CreateBondException(
+                                            CreateBondErrorCode.POSSIBLE_MITM,
+                                            reason,
+                                            "Unexpectedly bonded without a passkey. It might be a "
+                                                    + "Person In The Middle Attack! Unbonding!"));
+                        }
+                        unpair();
+                    } else if (!mPreferences.getWaitForUuidsAfterBonding()
+                            || (mPreferences.getReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose()
+                            && mReceivedUuids)) {
+                        try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming =
+                                new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Close BondedReceiver")) {
+                            close();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case BOND_NONE:
+                    throw new CreateBondException(
+                            CreateBondErrorCode.BOND_BROKEN, reason, "Bond broken, reason=%d",
+                            reason);
+                case BOND_BONDING:
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void handleUuids(Parcelable[] uuids) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Got UUIDs for " + maskBluetoothAddress(mDevice) + ": "
+                    + Arrays.toString(uuids));
+            mReceivedUuids = true;
+            if (!mPreferences.getReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose() || isPaired()) {
+                try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                        "Close BondedReceiver")) {
+                    close();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class ConnectedReceiver extends DeviceIntentReceiver {
+
+        private ConnectedReceiver(Profile profile) throws ConnectException {
+            super(mContext, mPreferences, mDevice, profile.connectionStateAction);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onReceiveDeviceIntent(Intent intent) throws PairingException {
+            int state = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothProfile.EXTRA_STATE, ERROR);
+            Log.i(TAG, "Connection state changed to " + state);
+            switch (state) {
+                case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_CONNECTED:
+                    try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming =
+                            new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Close ConnectedReceiver")) {
+                        close();
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_DISCONNECTED:
+                    throw new ConnectException(ConnectErrorCode.DISCONNECTED, "Disconnected");
+                case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_CONNECTING:
+                case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_DISCONNECTING:
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean hasPermission(String permission) {
+        return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, permission) == PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+    }
+
+    public BluetoothDevice getDevice() {
+        return mDevice;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothClassicPairer.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothClassicPairer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c467d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothClassicPairer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ERROR;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress;
+
+import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS;
+
+import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.WorkerThread;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Strings;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+/**
+ * Pairs to Bluetooth classic devices with passkey confirmation.
+ */
+// TODO(b/202524672): Add class unit test.
+public class BluetoothClassicPairer {
+
+    private static final String TAG = BluetoothClassicPairer.class.getSimpleName();
+    /**
+     * Hidden, see {@link BluetoothDevice}.
+     */
+    private static final String EXTRA_REASON = "android.bluetooth.device.extra.REASON";
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final BluetoothDevice mDevice;
+    private final Preferences mPreferences;
+    private final PasskeyConfirmationHandler mPasskeyConfirmationHandler;
+
+    public BluetoothClassicPairer(
+            Context context,
+            BluetoothDevice device,
+            Preferences preferences,
+            PasskeyConfirmationHandler passkeyConfirmationHandler) {
+        this.mContext = context;
+        this.mDevice = device;
+        this.mPreferences = preferences;
+        this.mPasskeyConfirmationHandler = passkeyConfirmationHandler;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pairs with the device. Throws a {@link PairingException} if any error occurs.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    public void pair() throws PairingException {
+        Log.i(TAG, "BluetoothClassicPairer, createBond with " + maskBluetoothAddress(mDevice)
+                + ", type=" + mDevice.getType());
+        try (BondedReceiver bondedReceiver = new BondedReceiver()) {
+            if (mDevice.createBond()) {
+                bondedReceiver.await(mPreferences.getCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(), SECONDS);
+            } else {
+                throw new PairingException(
+                        "BluetoothClassicPairer, createBond got immediate error");
+            }
+        } catch (TimeoutException | InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
+            throw new PairingException("BluetoothClassicPairer, createBond failed", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected boolean isPaired() {
+        return mDevice.getBondState() == BOND_BONDED;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Receiver that closes after bonding has completed.
+     */
+    private class BondedReceiver extends DeviceIntentReceiver {
+
+        private BondedReceiver() {
+            super(
+                    mContext,
+                    mPreferences,
+                    mDevice,
+                    BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST,
+                    BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Called with ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST and ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED about the interesting
+         * device (see {@link DeviceIntentReceiver}).
+         *
+         * <p>The ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST intent provides the passkey which will be sent to the
+         * {@link PasskeyConfirmationHandler} for showing the UI, and the ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED
+         * will provide the result of the bonding.
+         */
+        @Override
+        protected void onReceiveDeviceIntent(Intent intent) {
+            String intentAction = intent.getAction();
+            BluetoothDevice remoteDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(EXTRA_DEVICE);
+            if (Strings.isNullOrEmpty(intentAction)
+                    || remoteDevice == null
+                    || !remoteDevice.getAddress().equals(mDevice.getAddress())) {
+                Log.w(TAG,
+                        "BluetoothClassicPairer, receives " + intentAction
+                                + " from unexpected device " + maskBluetoothAddress(remoteDevice));
+                return;
+            }
+            switch (intentAction) {
+                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST:
+                    handlePairingRequest(
+                            remoteDevice,
+                            intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_VARIANT, ERROR),
+                            intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_KEY, ERROR));
+                    break;
+                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED:
+                    handleBondStateChanged(
+                            intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE, ERROR),
+                            intent.getIntExtra(EXTRA_REASON, ERROR));
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void handlePairingRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int variant, int passkey) {
+            Log.i(TAG,
+                    "BluetoothClassicPairer, pairing request, " + device + ", " + variant + ", "
+                            + passkey);
+            // Prevent Bluetooth Settings from getting the pairing request and showing its own UI.
+            abortBroadcast();
+            mPasskeyConfirmationHandler.onPasskeyConfirmation(device, passkey);
+        }
+
+        private void handleBondStateChanged(int bondState, int reason) {
+            Log.i(TAG,
+                    "BluetoothClassicPairer, bond state changed to " + bondState + ", reason="
+                            + reason);
+            switch (bondState) {
+                case BOND_BONDING:
+                    // Don't close!
+                    return;
+                case BOND_BONDED:
+                    close();
+                    return;
+                case BOND_NONE:
+                default:
+                    closeWithError(
+                            new PairingException(
+                                    "BluetoothClassicPairer, createBond failed, reason:" + reason));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Applies UsesPermission annotation will create circular dependency.
+    @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
+    static void setPairingConfirmation(BluetoothDevice device, boolean confirm) {
+        Log.i(TAG, "BluetoothClassicPairer: setPairingConfirmation " + maskBluetoothAddress(device)
+                + ", confirm: " + confirm);
+        device.setPairingConfirmation(confirm);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothUuids.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothUuids.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5475a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothUuids.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Utilities for dealing with UUIDs assigned by the Bluetooth SIG. Has a lot in common with
+ * com.android.BluetoothUuid, but that class is hidden.
+ */
+public class BluetoothUuids {
+
+    /**
+     * The Base UUID is used for calculating 128-bit UUIDs from "short UUIDs" (16- and 32-bit).
+     *
+     * @see {https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/assigned-numbers/service-discovery}
+     */
+    private static final UUID BASE_UUID = UUID.fromString("00000000-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
+
+    /**
+     * Fast Pair custom GATT characteristics 128-bit UUIDs base.
+     *
+     * <p>Notes: The 16-bit value locates at the 3rd and 4th bytes.
+     *
+     * @see {go/fastpair-128bit-gatt}
+     */
+    private static final UUID FAST_PAIR_BASE_UUID =
+            UUID.fromString("FE2C0000-8366-4814-8EB0-01DE32100BEA");
+
+    private static final int BIT_INDEX_OF_16_BIT_UUID = 32;
+
+    private BluetoothUuids() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the 16-bit version of the UUID. If this is not a 16-bit UUID, throws
+     * IllegalArgumentException.
+     */
+    public static short get16BitUuid(UUID uuid) {
+        if (!is16BitUuid(uuid)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not a 16-bit Bluetooth UUID: " + uuid);
+        }
+        return (short) (uuid.getMostSignificantBits() >> BIT_INDEX_OF_16_BIT_UUID);
+    }
+
+    /** Checks whether the UUID is 16 bit */
+    public static boolean is16BitUuid(UUID uuid) {
+        // See Service Discovery Protocol in the Bluetooth Core Specification. Bits at index 32-48
+        // are the 16-bit UUID, and the rest must match the Base UUID.
+        return uuid.getLeastSignificantBits() == BASE_UUID.getLeastSignificantBits()
+                && (uuid.getMostSignificantBits() & 0xFFFF0000FFFFFFFFL)
+                == BASE_UUID.getMostSignificantBits();
+    }
+
+    /** Converts short UUID to 128 bit UUID */
+    public static UUID to128BitUuid(short shortUuid) {
+        return new UUID(
+                ((shortUuid & 0xFFFFL) << BIT_INDEX_OF_16_BIT_UUID)
+                        | BASE_UUID.getMostSignificantBits(), BASE_UUID.getLeastSignificantBits());
+    }
+
+    /** Transfers the 16-bit Fast Pair custom GATT characteristics to 128-bit. */
+    public static UUID toFastPair128BitUuid(short shortUuid) {
+        return new UUID(
+                ((shortUuid & 0xFFFFL) << BIT_INDEX_OF_16_BIT_UUID)
+                        | FAST_PAIR_BASE_UUID.getMostSignificantBits(),
+                FAST_PAIR_BASE_UUID.getLeastSignificantBits());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BroadcastConstants.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BroadcastConstants.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c26c6ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BroadcastConstants.java
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+/**
+ * Constants to share with the cloud syncing process.
+ */
+public class BroadcastConstants {
+
+    // TODO: Set right value for AOSP.
+    /** Package name of the cloud syncing logic. */
+    public static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "PACKAGE_NAME";
+    /** Service name of the cloud syncing instance. */
+    public static final String SERVICE_NAME = PACKAGE_NAME + ".SERVICE_NAME";
+    private static final String PREFIX = PACKAGE_NAME + ".PREFIX_NAME.";
+
+    /** Action when a fast pair device is added. */
+    public static final String ACTION_FAST_PAIR_DEVICE_ADDED =
+            PREFIX + "ACTION_FAST_PAIR_DEVICE_ADDED";
+    /**
+     * The BLE address of a device. BLE is used here instead of public because the caller of the
+     * library never knows what the device's public address is.
+     */
+    public static final String EXTRA_ADDRESS = PREFIX + "BLE_ADDRESS";
+    /** The public address of a device. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_PUBLIC_ADDRESS = PREFIX + "PUBLIC_ADDRESS";
+    /** Account key. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_ACCOUNT_KEY = PREFIX + "ACCOUNT_KEY";
+    /** Whether a paring is retroactive. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_RETROACTIVE_PAIR = PREFIX + "EXTRA_RETROACTIVE_PAIR";
+
+    private BroadcastConstants() {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Bytes.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Bytes.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f6e77e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Bytes.java
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.nio.ShortBuffer;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/** Represents a block of bytes, with hashCode and equals. */
+public abstract class Bytes {
+    private static final char[] sHexDigits = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();
+    private final byte[] mBytes;
+
+    /**
+     * A logical value consisting of one or more bytes in the given order (little-endian, i.e.
+     * LSO...MSO, or big-endian, i.e. MSO...LSO). E.g. the Fast Pair Model ID is a 3-byte value,
+     * and a Bluetooth device address is a 6-byte value.
+     */
+    public static class Value extends Bytes {
+        private final ByteOrder mByteOrder;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor.
+         */
+        public Value(byte[] bytes, ByteOrder byteOrder) {
+            super(bytes);
+            this.mByteOrder = byteOrder;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Gets bytes.
+         */
+        public byte[] getBytes(ByteOrder byteOrder) {
+            return this.mByteOrder.equals(byteOrder) ? getBytes() : reverse(getBytes());
+        }
+
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        static byte[] reverse(byte[] bytes) {
+            byte[] reversedBytes = new byte[bytes.length];
+            for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+                reversedBytes[i] = bytes[bytes.length - i - 1];
+            }
+            return reversedBytes;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Bytes(byte[] bytes) {
+        mBytes = bytes;
+    }
+
+    private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(2 * bytes.length);
+        for (byte b : bytes) {
+            sb.append(sHexDigits[(b >> 4) & 0xf]).append(sHexDigits[b & 0xf]);
+        }
+        return sb.toString();
+    }
+
+    /** Returns 2-byte values in the same order, each using the given byte order. */
+    public static byte[] toBytes(ByteOrder byteOrder, short... shorts) {
+        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(shorts.length * 2).order(byteOrder);
+        for (short s : shorts) {
+            byteBuffer.putShort(s);
+        }
+        return byteBuffer.array();
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the shorts in the same order, each converted using the given byte order. */
+    static short[] toShorts(ByteOrder byteOrder, byte[] bytes) {
+        ShortBuffer shortBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes).order(byteOrder).asShortBuffer();
+        short[] shorts = new short[shortBuffer.remaining()];
+        shortBuffer.get(shorts);
+        return shorts;
+    }
+
+    /** @return The bytes. */
+    public byte[] getBytes() {
+        return mBytes;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable Object o) {
+        if (this == o) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(o instanceof Bytes)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        Bytes that = (Bytes) o;
+        return Arrays.equals(mBytes, that.mBytes);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Arrays.hashCode(mBytes);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return toHexString(mBytes);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ConnectException.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ConnectException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c8d292
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ConnectException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs.ConnectErrorCode;
+
+
+/** Thrown when connecting to a bluetooth device fails. */
+public class ConnectException extends PairingException {
+    final @ConnectErrorCode int mErrorCode;
+
+    ConnectException(@ConnectErrorCode int errorCode, String format, Object... objects) {
+        super(format, objects);
+        this.mErrorCode = errorCode;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns error code. */
+    public @ConnectErrorCode int getErrorCode() {
+        return mErrorCode;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Constants.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Constants.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cfecd2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Constants.java
@@ -0,0 +1,703 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile.A2DP;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile.HEADSET;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothUuids.to128BitUuid;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothUuids.toFastPair128BitUuid;
+
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothA2dp;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothHeadset;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.IntDef;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattConnection;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
+import com.google.common.primitives.Shorts;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Fast Pair and Transport Discovery Service constants.
+ *
+ * <p>Unless otherwise specified, these numbers come from
+ * {https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/gatt}.
+ */
+public final class Constants {
+
+    /** A2DP sink service uuid. */
+    public static final short A2DP_SINK_SERVICE_UUID = 0x110B;
+
+    /** Headset service uuid. */
+    public static final short HEADSET_SERVICE_UUID = 0x1108;
+
+    /** Hands free sink service uuid. */
+    public static final short HANDS_FREE_SERVICE_UUID = 0x111E;
+
+    /** Bluetooth address length. */
+    public static final int BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_LENGTH = 6;
+
+    private static final String TAG = Constants.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    /**
+     * Defined by https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec.
+     */
+    public static final class FastPairService {
+
+        /** Fast Pair service UUID. */
+        public static final UUID ID = to128BitUuid((short) 0xFE2C);
+
+        /**
+         * Characteristic to write verification bytes to during the key handshake.
+         */
+        public static final class KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic {
+
+            private static final short SHORT_UUID = 0x1234;
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the new 128-bit UUID of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>Note: For GATT server only. GATT client should use {@link
+             * KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic#getId(BluetoothGattConnection)}.
+             */
+            public static final UUID CUSTOM_128_BIT_UUID = toFastPair128BitUuid(SHORT_UUID);
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the {@link UUID} of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>This method is designed for being backward compatible with old version of UUID
+             * therefore needs the {@link BluetoothGattConnection} parameter to check the supported
+             * status of the Fast Pair provider.
+             */
+            public static UUID getId(BluetoothGattConnection gattConnection) {
+                return getSupportedUuid(gattConnection, SHORT_UUID);
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Constants related to the decrypted request written to this characteristic.
+             */
+            public static final class Request {
+
+                /**
+                 * The size of this message.
+                 */
+                public static final int SIZE = 16;
+
+                /**
+                 * The index of this message for indicating the type byte.
+                 */
+                public static final int TYPE_INDEX = 0;
+
+                /**
+                 * The index of this message for indicating the flags byte.
+                 */
+                public static final int FLAGS_INDEX = 1;
+
+                /**
+                 * The index of this message for indicating the verification data start from.
+                 */
+                public static final int VERIFICATION_DATA_INDEX = 2;
+
+                /**
+                 * The length of verification data, it is Provider’s current BLE address or public
+                 * address.
+                 */
+                public static final int VERIFICATION_DATA_LENGTH = BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_LENGTH;
+
+                /**
+                 * The index of this message for indicating the seeker's public address start from.
+                 */
+                public static final int SEEKER_PUBLIC_ADDRESS_INDEX = 8;
+
+                /**
+                 * The index of this message for indicating event group.
+                 */
+                public static final int EVENT_GROUP_INDEX = 8;
+
+                /**
+                 * The index of this message for indicating event code.
+                 */
+                public static final int EVENT_CODE_INDEX = 9;
+
+                /**
+                 * The index of this message for indicating the length of additional data of the
+                 * event.
+                 */
+                public static final int EVENT_ADDITIONAL_DATA_LENGTH_INDEX = 10;
+
+                /**
+                 * The index of this message for indicating the event additional data start from.
+                 */
+                public static final int EVENT_ADDITIONAL_DATA_INDEX = 11;
+
+                /**
+                 * The index of this message for indicating the additional data type used in the
+                 * following Additional Data characteristic.
+                 */
+                public static final int ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_INDEX = 10;
+
+                /**
+                 * The type of this message for Key-based Pairing Request.
+                 */
+                public static final byte TYPE_KEY_BASED_PAIRING_REQUEST = 0x00;
+
+                /**
+                 * The bit indicating that the Fast Pair device should temporarily become
+                 * discoverable.
+                 */
+                public static final byte REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE = (byte) (1 << 7);
+
+                /**
+                 * The bit indicating that the requester (Seeker) has included their public address
+                 * in bytes [7,12] of the request, and the Provider should initiate bonding to that
+                 * address.
+                 */
+                public static final byte PROVIDER_INITIATES_BONDING = (byte) (1 << 6);
+
+                /**
+                 * The bit indicating that Seeker requests Provider shall return the existing name.
+                 */
+                public static final byte REQUEST_DEVICE_NAME = (byte) (1 << 5);
+
+                /**
+                 * The bit to request retroactive pairing.
+                 */
+                public static final byte REQUEST_RETROACTIVE_PAIR = (byte) (1 << 4);
+
+                /**
+                 * The type of this message for action over BLE.
+                 */
+                public static final byte TYPE_ACTION_OVER_BLE = 0x10;
+
+                private Request() {
+                }
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Enumerates all flags of key-based pairing request.
+             */
+            @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+            @IntDef(
+                    value = {
+                            KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE,
+                            KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.PROVIDER_INITIATES_BONDING,
+                            KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.REQUEST_DEVICE_NAME,
+                            KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.REQUEST_RETROACTIVE_PAIR,
+                    })
+            public @interface KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag {
+                /**
+                 * The bit indicating that the Fast Pair device should temporarily become
+                 * discoverable.
+                 */
+                int REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE = (byte) (1 << 7);
+                /**
+                 * The bit indicating that the requester (Seeker) has included their public address
+                 * in bytes [7,12] of the request, and the Provider should initiate bonding to that
+                 * address.
+                 */
+                int PROVIDER_INITIATES_BONDING = (byte) (1 << 6);
+                /**
+                 * The bit indicating that Seeker requests Provider shall return the existing name.
+                 */
+                int REQUEST_DEVICE_NAME = (byte) (1 << 5);
+                /**
+                 * The bit indicating that the Seeker request retroactive pairing.
+                 */
+                int REQUEST_RETROACTIVE_PAIR = (byte) (1 << 4);
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Enumerates all flags of action over BLE request, see Fast Pair spec for details.
+             */
+            @IntDef(
+                    value = {
+                            ActionOverBleFlag.DEVICE_ACTION,
+                            ActionOverBleFlag.ADDITIONAL_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC,
+                    })
+            public @interface ActionOverBleFlag {
+                /**
+                 * The bit indicating that the handshaking is for Device Action.
+                 */
+                int DEVICE_ACTION = (byte) (1 << 7);
+                /**
+                 * The bit indicating that this handshake will be followed by Additional Data
+                 * characteristic.
+                 */
+                int ADDITIONAL_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC = (byte) (1 << 6);
+            }
+
+
+            /**
+             * Constants related to the decrypted response sent back in a notify.
+             */
+            public static final class Response {
+
+                /**
+                 * The type of this message = Key-based Pairing Response.
+                 */
+                public static final byte TYPE = 0x01;
+
+                private Response() {
+                }
+            }
+
+            private KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic() {
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Characteristic used during Key-based Pairing, to exchange the encrypted passkey.
+         */
+        public static final class PasskeyCharacteristic {
+
+            private static final short SHORT_UUID = 0x1235;
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the new 128-bit UUID of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>Note: For GATT server only. GATT client should use {@link
+             * PasskeyCharacteristic#getId(BluetoothGattConnection)}.
+             */
+            public static final UUID CUSTOM_128_BIT_UUID = toFastPair128BitUuid(SHORT_UUID);
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the {@link UUID} of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>This method is designed for being backward compatible with old version of UUID
+             * therefore
+             * needs the {@link BluetoothGattConnection} parameter to check the supported status of
+             * the Fast Pair provider.
+             */
+            public static UUID getId(BluetoothGattConnection gattConnection) {
+                return getSupportedUuid(gattConnection, SHORT_UUID);
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * The type of the Passkey Block message.
+             */
+            @IntDef(
+                    value = {
+                            Type.SEEKER,
+                            Type.PROVIDER,
+                    })
+            public @interface Type {
+                /**
+                 * Seeker's Passkey.
+                 */
+                int SEEKER = (byte) 0x02;
+                /**
+                 * Provider's Passkey.
+                 */
+                int PROVIDER = (byte) 0x03;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Constructs the encrypted value to write to the characteristic.
+             */
+            public static byte[] encrypt(@Type int type, byte[] secret, int passkey)
+                    throws GeneralSecurityException {
+                Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                        0 < passkey && passkey < /*2^24=*/ 16777216,
+                        "Passkey %s must be positive and fit in 3 bytes",
+                        passkey);
+                byte[] passkeyBytes =
+                        new byte[]{(byte) (passkey >>> 16), (byte) (passkey >>> 8), (byte) passkey};
+                byte[] salt =
+                        new byte[AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.AES_BLOCK_LENGTH - 1
+                                - passkeyBytes.length];
+                new Random().nextBytes(salt);
+                return AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.encrypt(
+                        secret, concat(new byte[]{(byte) type}, passkeyBytes, salt));
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Extracts the passkey from the encrypted characteristic value.
+             */
+            public static int decrypt(@Type int type, byte[] secret,
+                    byte[] passkeyCharacteristicValue)
+                    throws GeneralSecurityException {
+                byte[] decrypted = AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption
+                        .decrypt(secret, passkeyCharacteristicValue);
+                if (decrypted[0] != (byte) type) {
+                    throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                            "Wrong Passkey Block type (expected " + type + ", got "
+                                    + decrypted[0] + ")");
+                }
+                return ByteBuffer.allocate(4)
+                        .put((byte) 0)
+                        .put(decrypted, /*offset=*/ 1, /*length=*/ 3)
+                        .getInt(0);
+            }
+
+            private PasskeyCharacteristic() {
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Characteristic to write to during the key exchange.
+         */
+        public static final class AccountKeyCharacteristic {
+
+            private static final short SHORT_UUID = 0x1236;
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the new 128-bit UUID of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>Note: For GATT server only. GATT client should use {@link
+             * AccountKeyCharacteristic#getId(BluetoothGattConnection)}.
+             */
+            public static final UUID CUSTOM_128_BIT_UUID = toFastPair128BitUuid(SHORT_UUID);
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the {@link UUID} of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>This method is designed for being backward compatible with old version of UUID
+             * therefore
+             * needs the {@link BluetoothGattConnection} parameter to check the supported status of
+             * the Fast Pair provider.
+             */
+            public static UUID getId(BluetoothGattConnection gattConnection) {
+                return getSupportedUuid(gattConnection, SHORT_UUID);
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * The type for this message, account key request.
+             */
+            public static final byte TYPE = 0x04;
+
+            private AccountKeyCharacteristic() {
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Characteristic to write to and notify on for handling personalized name, see {@link
+         * NamingEncoder}.
+         */
+        public static final class NameCharacteristic {
+
+            private static final short SHORT_UUID = 0x1237;
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the new 128-bit UUID of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>Note: For GATT server only. GATT client should use {@link
+             * NameCharacteristic#getId(BluetoothGattConnection)}.
+             */
+            public static final UUID CUSTOM_128_BIT_UUID = toFastPair128BitUuid(SHORT_UUID);
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the {@link UUID} of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>This method is designed for being backward compatible with old version of UUID
+             * therefore
+             * needs the {@link BluetoothGattConnection} parameter to check the supported status of
+             * the Fast Pair provider.
+             */
+            public static UUID getId(BluetoothGattConnection gattConnection) {
+                return getSupportedUuid(gattConnection, SHORT_UUID);
+            }
+
+            private NameCharacteristic() {
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Characteristic to write to and notify on for handling additional data, see
+         * https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/early-access/spec#AdditionalData
+         */
+        public static final class AdditionalDataCharacteristic {
+
+            private static final short SHORT_UUID = 0x1237;
+
+            public static final int DATA_ID_INDEX = 0;
+            public static final int DATA_LENGTH_INDEX = 1;
+            public static final int DATA_START_INDEX = 2;
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the new 128-bit UUID of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>Note: For GATT server only. GATT client should use {@link
+             * AdditionalDataCharacteristic#getId(BluetoothGattConnection)}.
+             */
+            public static final UUID CUSTOM_128_BIT_UUID = toFastPair128BitUuid(SHORT_UUID);
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the {@link UUID} of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>This method is designed for being backward compatible with old version of UUID
+             * therefore
+             * needs the {@link BluetoothGattConnection} parameter to check the supported status of
+             * the Fast Pair provider.
+             */
+            public static UUID getId(BluetoothGattConnection gattConnection) {
+                return getSupportedUuid(gattConnection, SHORT_UUID);
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Enumerates all types of additional data.
+             */
+            @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+            @IntDef(
+                    value = {
+                            AdditionalDataType.PERSONALIZED_NAME,
+                            AdditionalDataType.UNKNOWN,
+                    })
+            public @interface AdditionalDataType {
+                /**
+                 * The value indicating that the type is for personalized name.
+                 */
+                int PERSONALIZED_NAME = (byte) 0x01;
+                int UNKNOWN = (byte) 0x00; // and all others.
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Characteristic to control the beaconing feature (FastPair+Eddystone).
+         */
+        public static final class BeaconActionsCharacteristic {
+
+            private static final short SHORT_UUID = 0x1238;
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the new 128-bit UUID of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>Note: For GATT server only. GATT client should use {@link
+             * BeaconActionsCharacteristic#getId(BluetoothGattConnection)}.
+             */
+            public static final UUID CUSTOM_128_BIT_UUID = toFastPair128BitUuid(SHORT_UUID);
+
+            /**
+             * Gets the {@link UUID} of this characteristic.
+             *
+             * <p>This method is designed for being backward compatible with old version of UUID
+             * therefore
+             * needs the {@link BluetoothGattConnection} parameter to check the supported status of
+             * the Fast Pair provider.
+             */
+            public static UUID getId(BluetoothGattConnection gattConnection) {
+                return getSupportedUuid(gattConnection, SHORT_UUID);
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Enumerates all types of beacon actions.
+             */
+            /** Fast Pair Bond State. */
+            @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+            @IntDef(
+                    value = {
+                            BeaconActionType.READ_BEACON_PARAMETERS,
+                            BeaconActionType.READ_PROVISIONING_STATE,
+                            BeaconActionType.SET_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY,
+                            BeaconActionType.CLEAR_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY,
+                            BeaconActionType.READ_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY,
+                            BeaconActionType.RING,
+                            BeaconActionType.READ_RINGING_STATE,
+                            BeaconActionType.UNKNOWN,
+                    })
+            public @interface BeaconActionType {
+                int READ_BEACON_PARAMETERS = (byte) 0x00;
+                int READ_PROVISIONING_STATE = (byte) 0x01;
+                int SET_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY = (byte) 0x02;
+                int CLEAR_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY = (byte) 0x03;
+                int READ_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY = (byte) 0x04;
+                int RING = (byte) 0x05;
+                int READ_RINGING_STATE = (byte) 0x06;
+                int UNKNOWN = (byte) 0xFF; // and all others
+            }
+
+            /** Converts value to enum. */
+            public static @BeaconActionType int valueOf(byte value) {
+                switch(value) {
+                    case BeaconActionType.READ_BEACON_PARAMETERS:
+                    case BeaconActionType.READ_PROVISIONING_STATE:
+                    case BeaconActionType.SET_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY:
+                    case BeaconActionType.CLEAR_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY:
+                    case BeaconActionType.READ_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY:
+                    case BeaconActionType.RING:
+                    case BeaconActionType.READ_RINGING_STATE:
+                    case BeaconActionType.UNKNOWN:
+                        return value;
+                    default:
+                        return BeaconActionType.UNKNOWN;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+
+        /**
+         * Characteristic to read for checking firmware version. 0X2A26 is assigned number from
+         * bluetooth SIG website.
+         */
+        public static final class FirmwareVersionCharacteristic {
+
+            /** UUID for firmware version. */
+            public static final UUID ID = to128BitUuid((short) 0x2A26);
+
+            private FirmwareVersionCharacteristic() {
+            }
+        }
+
+        private FastPairService() {
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Defined by the BR/EDR Handover Profile. Pre-release version here:
+     * {https://jfarfel.users.x20web.corp.google.com/Bluetooth%20Handover%20d09.pdf}
+     */
+    public interface TransportDiscoveryService {
+
+        UUID ID = to128BitUuid((short) 0x1824);
+
+        byte BLUETOOTH_SIG_ORGANIZATION_ID = 0x01;
+        byte SERVICE_UUIDS_16_BIT_LIST_TYPE = 0x01;
+        byte SERVICE_UUIDS_32_BIT_LIST_TYPE = 0x02;
+        byte SERVICE_UUIDS_128_BIT_LIST_TYPE = 0x03;
+
+        /**
+         * Writing to this allows you to activate the BR/EDR transport.
+         */
+        interface ControlPointCharacteristic {
+
+            UUID ID = to128BitUuid((short) 0x2ABC);
+            byte ACTIVATE_TRANSPORT_OP_CODE = 0x01;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Info necessary to pair (mostly the Bluetooth Address).
+         */
+        interface BrHandoverDataCharacteristic {
+
+            UUID ID = to128BitUuid((short) 0x2C01);
+
+            /**
+             * All bits are reserved for future use.
+             */
+            byte BR_EDR_FEATURES = 0x00;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This characteristic exists only to wrap the descriptor.
+         */
+        interface BluetoothSigDataCharacteristic {
+
+            UUID ID = to128BitUuid((short) 0x2C02);
+
+            /**
+             * The entire Transport Block data (e.g. supported Bluetooth services).
+             */
+            interface BrTransportBlockDataDescriptor {
+
+                UUID ID = to128BitUuid((short) 0x2C03);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final UUID CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_UUID =
+            to128BitUuid((short) 0x2902);
+
+    /**
+     * Wrapper for Bluetooth profile
+     */
+    public static class Profile {
+
+        public final int type;
+        public final String name;
+        public final String connectionStateAction;
+
+        private Profile(int type, String name, String connectionStateAction) {
+            this.type = type;
+            this.name = name;
+            this.connectionStateAction = connectionStateAction;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return name;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@link BluetoothHeadset} is used for both Headset and HandsFree (HFP).
+     */
+    private static final Profile HEADSET_AND_HANDS_FREE_PROFILE =
+            new Profile(
+                    HEADSET, "HEADSET_AND_HANDS_FREE",
+                    BluetoothHeadset.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED);
+
+    /** Fast Pair supported profiles. */
+    public static final ImmutableMap<Short, Profile> PROFILES =
+            ImmutableMap.<Short, Profile>builder()
+                    .put(
+                            Constants.A2DP_SINK_SERVICE_UUID,
+                            new Profile(A2DP, "A2DP",
+                                    BluetoothA2dp.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED))
+                    .put(Constants.HEADSET_SERVICE_UUID, HEADSET_AND_HANDS_FREE_PROFILE)
+                    .put(Constants.HANDS_FREE_SERVICE_UUID, HEADSET_AND_HANDS_FREE_PROFILE)
+                    .build();
+
+    static short[] getSupportedProfiles() {
+        return Shorts.toArray(PROFILES.keySet());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper method of getting 128-bit UUID for Fast Pair custom GATT characteristics.
+     *
+     * <p>This method is designed for being backward compatible with old version of UUID therefore
+     * needs the {@link BluetoothGattConnection} parameter to check the supported status of the Fast
+     * Pair provider.
+     *
+     * <p>Note: For new custom GATT characteristics, don't need to use this helper and please just
+     * call {@code toFastPair128BitUuid(shortUuid)} to get the UUID. Which also implies that callers
+     * don't need to provide {@link BluetoothGattConnection} to get the UUID anymore.
+     */
+    private static UUID getSupportedUuid(BluetoothGattConnection gattConnection, short shortUuid) {
+        // In worst case (new characteristic not found), this method's performance impact is about
+        // 6ms
+        // by using Pixel2 + JBL LIVE220. And the impact should be less and less along with more and
+        // more devices adopt the new characteristics.
+        try {
+            // Checks the new UUID first.
+            if (gattConnection
+                    .getCharacteristic(FastPairService.ID, toFastPair128BitUuid(shortUuid))
+                    != null) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "Uses new KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.ID");
+                return toFastPair128BitUuid(shortUuid);
+            }
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            Log.d(TAG, "Uses old KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.ID");
+        }
+        // Returns the old UUID for default.
+        return to128BitUuid(shortUuid);
+    }
+
+    private Constants() {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/CreateBondException.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/CreateBondException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6aa3b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/CreateBondException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs.CreateBondErrorCode;
+
+/** Thrown when binding (pairing) with a bluetooth device fails. */
+public class CreateBondException extends PairingException {
+    final @CreateBondErrorCode int mErrorCode;
+    int mReason;
+
+    CreateBondException(@CreateBondErrorCode int errorCode, int reason, String format,
+            Object... objects) {
+        super(format, objects);
+        this.mErrorCode = errorCode;
+        this.mReason = reason;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns error code. */
+    public @CreateBondErrorCode int getErrorCode() {
+        return mErrorCode;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns reason. */
+    public int getReason() {
+        return mReason;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/DeviceIntentReceiver.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/DeviceIntentReceiver.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bcf10a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/DeviceIntentReceiver.java
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+/**
+ * Like {@link SimpleBroadcastReceiver}, but for intents about a certain {@link BluetoothDevice}.
+ */
+abstract class DeviceIntentReceiver extends SimpleBroadcastReceiver {
+
+    private static final String TAG = DeviceIntentReceiver.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    private final BluetoothDevice mDevice;
+
+    static DeviceIntentReceiver oneShotReceiver(
+            Context context, Preferences preferences, BluetoothDevice device, String... actions) {
+        return new DeviceIntentReceiver(context, preferences, device, actions) {
+            @Override
+            protected void onReceiveDeviceIntent(Intent intent) throws Exception {
+                close();
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param context The context to use to register / unregister the receiver.
+     * @param device The interesting device. We ignore intents about other devices.
+     * @param actions The actions to include in our intent filter.
+     */
+    protected DeviceIntentReceiver(
+            Context context, Preferences preferences, BluetoothDevice device, String... actions) {
+        super(context, preferences, actions);
+        this.mDevice = device;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called with intents about the interesting device (see {@link #DeviceIntentReceiver}). Any
+     * exception thrown by this method will be delivered via {@link #await}.
+     */
+    protected abstract void onReceiveDeviceIntent(Intent intent) throws Exception;
+
+    // incompatible types in argument.
+    @Override
+    protected void onReceive(Intent intent) throws Exception {
+        BluetoothDevice intentDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
+        if (mDevice == null || mDevice.equals(intentDevice)) {
+            onReceiveDeviceIntent(intent);
+        } else {
+            Log.v(TAG,
+                    "Ignoring intent for device=" + maskBluetoothAddress(intentDevice)
+                            + "(expected "
+                            + maskBluetoothAddress(mDevice) + ")");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbcdf07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.java
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.security.KeyFactory;
+import java.security.KeyPair;
+import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
+import java.security.PrivateKey;
+import java.security.PublicKey;
+import java.security.interfaces.ECPrivateKey;
+import java.security.interfaces.ECPublicKey;
+import java.security.spec.ECGenParameterSpec;
+import java.security.spec.ECParameterSpec;
+import java.security.spec.ECPoint;
+import java.security.spec.ECPrivateKeySpec;
+import java.security.spec.ECPublicKeySpec;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import javax.crypto.KeyAgreement;
+
+/**
+ * Helper for generating keys based off of the Elliptic-Curve Diffie-Hellman algorithm (ECDH).
+ */
+public final class EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange {
+
+    public static final int PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH = 64;
+    static final int PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH = 32;
+
+    private static final String[] PROVIDERS = {"GmsCore_OpenSSL", "AndroidOpenSSL", "SC", "BC"};
+
+    private static final String EC_ALGORITHM = "EC";
+
+    /**
+     * Also known as prime256v1 or NIST P-256.
+     */
+    private static final ECGenParameterSpec EC_GEN_PARAMS = new ECGenParameterSpec("secp256r1");
+
+    @Nullable
+    private final ECPublicKey mPublicKey;
+    private final ECPrivateKey mPrivateKey;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange object.
+     */
+    public static EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange create() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        KeyPair keyPair = generateKeyPair();
+        return new EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange(
+                (ECPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic(), (ECPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange object.
+     */
+    public static EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange create(byte[] privateKey)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        ECPrivateKey ecPrivateKey = (ECPrivateKey) generatePrivateKey(privateKey);
+        return new EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange(/*publicKey=*/ null, ecPrivateKey);
+    }
+
+    private EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange(
+            @Nullable ECPublicKey publicKey, ECPrivateKey privateKey) {
+        this.mPublicKey = publicKey;
+        this.mPrivateKey = privateKey;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param otherPublicKey Another party's public key. See {@link #getPublicKey()} for format.
+     * @return The shared secret. Given our public key (and its private key), the other party can
+     * generate the same secret. This is a key meant for symmetric encryption.
+     */
+    public byte[] generateSecret(byte[] otherPublicKey) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        KeyAgreement agreement = keyAgreement();
+        agreement.init(mPrivateKey);
+        agreement.doPhase(generatePublicKey(otherPublicKey), /*lastPhase=*/ true);
+        byte[] secret = agreement.generateSecret();
+        // Headsets only support AES with 128-bit keys. So, hash the secret so that the entropy is
+        // high and then take only the first 128-bits.
+        secret = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256").digest(secret);
+        return Arrays.copyOf(secret, 16);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a public point W on the NIST P-256 elliptic curve. First 32 bytes are the X
+     * coordinate, next 32 bytes are the Y coordinate. Each coordinate is an unsigned big-endian
+     * integer.
+     */
+    public @Nullable byte[] getPublicKey() {
+        if (mPublicKey == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        ECPoint w = mPublicKey.getW();
+        // See getPrivateKey for why we're resizing.
+        byte[] x = resizeWithLeadingZeros(w.getAffineX().toByteArray(), 32);
+        byte[] y = resizeWithLeadingZeros(w.getAffineY().toByteArray(), 32);
+        return concat(x, y);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a private value S, an unsigned big-endian integer.
+     */
+    public byte[] getPrivateKey() {
+        // Note that BigInteger.toByteArray() returns a signed representation, so it will add an
+        // extra zero byte to the front if the first bit is 1.
+        // We must remove that leading zero (we know the number is unsigned). We must also add
+        // leading zeros if the number is too small.
+        return resizeWithLeadingZeros(mPrivateKey.getS().toByteArray(), 32);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes or adds leading zeros until we have an array of size {@code n}.
+     */
+    private static byte[] resizeWithLeadingZeros(byte[] x, int n) {
+        if (n < x.length) {
+            int start = x.length - n;
+            for (int i = 0; i < start; i++) {
+                if (x[i] != 0) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                            "More than " + n + " non-zero bytes in " + Arrays.toString(x));
+                }
+            }
+            return Arrays.copyOfRange(x, start, x.length);
+        }
+        return concat(new byte[n - x.length], x);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param publicKey See {@link #getPublicKey()} for format.
+     */
+    private static PublicKey generatePublicKey(byte[] publicKey) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (publicKey.length != PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException("Public key length incorrect: " + publicKey.length);
+        }
+        byte[] x = Arrays.copyOf(publicKey, publicKey.length / 2);
+        byte[] y = Arrays.copyOfRange(publicKey, publicKey.length / 2, publicKey.length);
+        return keyFactory()
+                .generatePublic(
+                        new ECPublicKeySpec(
+                                new ECPoint(new BigInteger(/*signum=*/ 1, x),
+                                        new BigInteger(/*signum=*/ 1, y)),
+                                ecParameterSpec()));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param privateKey See {@link #getPrivateKey()} for format.
+     */
+    private static PrivateKey generatePrivateKey(byte[] privateKey)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (privateKey.length != PRIVATE_KEY_LENGTH) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException("Private key length incorrect: "
+                    + privateKey.length);
+        }
+        return keyFactory()
+                .generatePrivate(
+                        new ECPrivateKeySpec(new BigInteger(/*signum=*/ 1, privateKey),
+                                ecParameterSpec()));
+    }
+
+    private static ECParameterSpec ecParameterSpec() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        // This seems to be the simplest way to get the curve's ECParameterSpec. Verified that it's
+        // the same whether you get it from the public or private key, and that it's the same as the
+        // raw params in SecAggEcUtil.getNistP256Params().
+        return ((ECPublicKey) generateKeyPair().getPublic()).getParams();
+    }
+
+    private static KeyPair generateKeyPair() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        KeyPairGenerator generator = findProvider(p -> KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(EC_ALGORITHM,
+                p));
+        generator.initialize(EC_GEN_PARAMS);
+        return generator.generateKeyPair();
+    }
+
+    private static KeyAgreement keyAgreement() throws NoSuchProviderException {
+        return findProvider(p -> KeyAgreement.getInstance("ECDH", p));
+    }
+
+    private static KeyFactory keyFactory() throws NoSuchProviderException {
+        return findProvider(p -> KeyFactory.getInstance(EC_ALGORITHM, p));
+    }
+
+    private interface ProviderConsumer<T> {
+
+        T tryProvider(String provider) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException;
+    }
+
+    private static <T> T findProvider(ProviderConsumer<T> providerConsumer)
+            throws NoSuchProviderException {
+        for (String provider : PROVIDERS) {
+            try {
+                return providerConsumer.tryProvider(provider);
+            } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchProviderException e) {
+                // No-op
+            }
+        }
+        throw new NoSuchProviderException();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Event.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Event.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a0548b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Event.java
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * Describes events that are happening during fast pairing. EventCode is required, everything else
+ * is optional.
+ */
+public class Event implements Parcelable {
+
+    private final @EventCode int mEventCode;
+    private final long mTimestamp;
+    private final Short mProfile;
+    private final BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice;
+    private final Exception mException;
+
+    private Event(@EventCode int eventCode, long timestamp, @Nullable Short profile,
+            @Nullable BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice, @Nullable Exception exception) {
+        mEventCode = eventCode;
+        mTimestamp = timestamp;
+        mProfile = profile;
+        mBluetoothDevice = bluetoothDevice;
+        mException = exception;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns event code.
+     */
+    public @EventCode int getEventCode() {
+        return mEventCode;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns timestamp.
+     */
+    public long getTimestamp() {
+        return mTimestamp;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns profile.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Short getProfile() {
+        return mProfile;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns Bluetooth device.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public BluetoothDevice getBluetoothDevice() {
+        return mBluetoothDevice;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns exception.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Exception getException() {
+        return mException;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether profile is not null.
+     */
+    public boolean hasProfile() {
+        return getProfile() != null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether Bluetooth device is not null.
+     */
+    public boolean hasBluetoothDevice() {
+        return getBluetoothDevice() != null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a builder.
+     */
+    public static Builder builder() {
+        return new Event.Builder();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether it fails.
+     */
+    public boolean isFailure() {
+        return getException() != null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "Event{"
+                + "eventCode=" + mEventCode + ", "
+                + "timestamp=" + mTimestamp + ", "
+                + "profile=" + mProfile + ", "
+                + "bluetoothDevice=" + mBluetoothDevice + ", "
+                + "exception=" + mException
+                + "}";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable Object o) {
+        if (o == this) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (o instanceof Event) {
+            Event that = (Event) o;
+            return this.mEventCode == that.getEventCode()
+                    && this.mTimestamp == that.getTimestamp()
+                    && (this.mBluetoothDevice == null
+                    ? that.getBluetoothDevice() == null :
+                    this.mBluetoothDevice.equals(that.getBluetoothDevice()))
+                    && (this.mProfile == null
+                    ? that.getProfile() == null : this.mProfile.equals(that.getProfile()));
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(mEventCode, mTimestamp, mProfile, mBluetoothDevice, mException);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder
+     */
+    public static class Builder {
+        private @EventCode int mEventCode;
+        private long mTimestamp;
+        private Short mProfile;
+        private BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice;
+        private Exception mException;
+
+        /**
+         * Set event code.
+         */
+        public Builder setEventCode(@EventCode int eventCode) {
+            this.mEventCode = eventCode;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set timestamp.
+         */
+        public Builder setTimestamp(long timestamp) {
+            this.mTimestamp = timestamp;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set profile.
+         */
+        public Builder setProfile(@Nullable Short profile) {
+            this.mProfile = profile;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Bluetooth device.
+         */
+        public Builder setBluetoothDevice(@Nullable BluetoothDevice device) {
+            this.mBluetoothDevice = device;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set exception.
+         */
+        public Builder setException(@Nullable Exception exception) {
+            this.mException = exception;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builds event.
+         */
+        public Event build() {
+            return new Event(mEventCode, mTimestamp, mProfile, mBluetoothDevice, mException);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public final void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        dest.writeInt(getEventCode());
+        dest.writeLong(getTimestamp());
+        dest.writeValue(getProfile());
+        dest.writeParcelable(getBluetoothDevice(), 0);
+        dest.writeSerializable(getException());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public final int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Event Creator instance.
+     */
+    public static final Creator<Event> CREATOR =
+            new Creator<Event>() {
+                @Override
+                /** Creates Event from Parcel. */
+                public Event createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+                    return Event.builder()
+                            .setEventCode(in.readInt())
+                            .setTimestamp(in.readLong())
+                            .setProfile((Short) in.readValue(Short.class.getClassLoader()))
+                            .setBluetoothDevice(
+                                    in.readParcelable(BluetoothDevice.class.getClassLoader()))
+                            .setException((Exception) in.readSerializable())
+                            .build();
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                /** Returns Event array. */
+                public Event[] newArray(int size) {
+                    return new Event[size];
+                }
+            };
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EventLogger.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EventLogger.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fc1917
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EventLogger.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+/** Logs events triggered during Fast Pairing. */
+public interface EventLogger {
+
+    /** Log successful event. */
+    void logEventSucceeded(Event event);
+
+    /** Log failed event. */
+    void logEventFailed(Event event, Exception e);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EventLoggerWrapper.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EventLoggerWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..024bfde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EventLoggerWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Preferences.ExtraLoggingInformation;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * Convenience wrapper around EventLogger.
+ */
+// TODO(b/202559985): cleanup EventLoggerWrapper.
+class EventLoggerWrapper {
+
+    EventLoggerWrapper(@Nullable EventLogger eventLogger) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Binds to the logging service. This operation blocks until binding has completed or timed
+     * out.
+     */
+    void bind(
+            Context context, String address,
+            @Nullable ExtraLoggingInformation extraLoggingInformation) {
+    }
+
+    boolean isBound() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    void unbind(Context context) {
+    }
+
+    void setCurrentEvent(@EventCode int code) {
+    }
+
+    void setCurrentProfile(short profile) {
+    }
+
+    void logCurrentEventFailed(Exception e) {
+    }
+
+    void logCurrentEventSucceeded() {
+    }
+
+    void setDevice(@Nullable BluetoothDevice device) {
+    }
+
+    boolean isCurrentEvent() {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairConnection.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairConnection.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c963aa6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairConnection.java
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import android.annotation.WorkerThread;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.core.util.Consumer;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+/** Abstract class for pairing or connecting via FastPair. */
+public abstract class FastPairConnection {
+    @Nullable protected OnPairedCallback mPairedCallback;
+    @Nullable protected OnGetBluetoothAddressCallback mOnGetBluetoothAddressCallback;
+    @Nullable protected PasskeyConfirmationHandler mPasskeyConfirmationHandler;
+    @Nullable protected FastPairSignalChecker mFastPairSignalChecker;
+    @Nullable protected Consumer<Integer> mRescueFromError;
+    @Nullable protected Runnable mPrepareCreateBondCallback;
+    protected boolean mPasskeyIsGotten;
+
+    /** Sets a callback to be invoked once the device is paired. */
+    public void setOnPairedCallback(OnPairedCallback callback) {
+        this.mPairedCallback = callback;
+    }
+
+    /** Sets a callback to be invoked while the target bluetooth address is decided. */
+    public void setOnGetBluetoothAddressCallback(OnGetBluetoothAddressCallback callback) {
+        this.mOnGetBluetoothAddressCallback = callback;
+    }
+
+    /** Sets a callback to be invoked while handling the passkey confirmation. */
+    public void setPasskeyConfirmationHandler(
+            PasskeyConfirmationHandler passkeyConfirmationHandler) {
+        this.mPasskeyConfirmationHandler = passkeyConfirmationHandler;
+    }
+
+    public void setFastPairSignalChecker(FastPairSignalChecker fastPairSignalChecker) {
+        this.mFastPairSignalChecker = fastPairSignalChecker;
+    }
+
+    public void setRescueFromError(Consumer<Integer> rescueFromError) {
+        this.mRescueFromError = rescueFromError;
+    }
+
+    public void setPrepareCreateBondCallback(Runnable runnable) {
+        this.mPrepareCreateBondCallback = runnable;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    @Nullable
+    public Runnable getPrepareCreateBondCallback() {
+        return mPrepareCreateBondCallback;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the fast pair history for identifying whether or not the provider has paired with the
+     * primary account on other phones before.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    public abstract void setFastPairHistory(List<FastPairHistoryItem> fastPairHistoryItem);
+
+    /** Sets the device name to the Provider. */
+    public abstract void setProviderDeviceName(String deviceName);
+
+    /** Gets the device name from the Provider. */
+    @Nullable
+    public abstract String getProviderDeviceName();
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the existing account key of the Provider.
+     *
+     * @return the existing account key if the Provider has paired with the account, null otherwise
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    @Nullable
+    public abstract byte[] getExistingAccountKey();
+
+    /**
+     * Pairs with Provider. Synchronous: Blocks until paired and connected. Throws on any error.
+     *
+     * @return the secret key for the user's account, if written
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    @Nullable
+    public abstract SharedSecret pair()
+            throws BluetoothException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException, ExecutionException,
+            PairingException, ReflectionException;
+
+    /**
+     * Pairs with Provider. Synchronous: Blocks until paired and connected. Throws on any error.
+     *
+     * @param key can be in two different formats. If it is 16 bytes long, then it is an AES account
+     *    key. Otherwise, it's a public key generated by {@link EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange}.
+     *    See go/fast-pair-2-spec for how each of these keys are used.
+     * @return the secret key for the user's account, if written
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    @Nullable
+    public abstract SharedSecret pair(@Nullable byte[] key)
+            throws BluetoothException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException, ExecutionException,
+            PairingException, GeneralSecurityException, ReflectionException;
+
+    /** Unpairs with Provider. Synchronous: Blocks until unpaired. Throws on any error. */
+    @WorkerThread
+    public abstract void unpair(BluetoothDevice device)
+            throws InterruptedException, TimeoutException, ExecutionException, PairingException,
+            ReflectionException;
+
+    /** Gets the public address of the Provider. */
+    @Nullable
+    public abstract String getPublicAddress();
+
+
+    /** Callback for getting notifications when pairing has completed. */
+    public interface OnPairedCallback {
+        /** Called when the device at address has finished pairing. */
+        void onPaired(String address);
+    }
+
+    /** Callback for getting bluetooth address Bisto oobe need this information */
+    public interface OnGetBluetoothAddressCallback {
+        /** Called when the device has received bluetooth address. */
+        void onGetBluetoothAddress(String address);
+    }
+
+    /** Holds the exchanged secret key and the public mac address of the device. */
+    public static class SharedSecret {
+        private final byte[] mKey;
+        private final String mAddress;
+        private SharedSecret(byte[] key, String address) {
+            mKey = key;
+            mAddress = address;
+        }
+
+        /** Creates Shared Secret. */
+        public static SharedSecret create(byte[] key, String address) {
+            return new SharedSecret(key, address);
+        }
+
+        /** Gets Shared Secret Key. */
+        public byte[] getKey() {
+            return mKey;
+        }
+
+        /** Gets Shared Secret Address. */
+        public String getAddress() {
+            return mAddress;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "SharedSecret{"
+                    + "key=" + Arrays.toString(mKey) + ", "
+                    + "address=" + mAddress
+                    + "}";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(@Nullable Object o) {
+            if (o == this) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (o instanceof SharedSecret) {
+                SharedSecret that = (SharedSecret) o;
+                return Arrays.equals(this.mKey, that.getKey())
+                        && this.mAddress.equals(that.getAddress());
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hash(Arrays.hashCode(mKey), mAddress);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Invokes if gotten the passkey. */
+    public void setPasskeyIsGotten() {
+        mPasskeyIsGotten = true;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the value of passkeyIsGotten. */
+    public boolean getPasskeyIsGotten() {
+        return mPasskeyIsGotten;
+    }
+
+    /** Interface to get latest address of ModelId. */
+    public interface FastPairSignalChecker {
+        /** Gets address of ModelId. */
+        String getValidAddressForModelId(String currentDevice);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairConstants.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairConstants.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ff1bf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairConstants.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+
+/** Constants to share with other team. */
+public class FastPairConstants {
+    private static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "com.android.server.nearby";
+    private static final String PREFIX = PACKAGE_NAME + ".common.bluetooth.fastpair.";
+
+    /** MODEL_ID item name for extended intent field. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_MODEL_ID = PREFIX + "MODEL_ID";
+    /** CONNECTION_ID item name for extended intent field. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_CONNECTION_ID = PREFIX + "CONNECTION_ID";
+    /** BLUETOOTH_MAC_ADDRESS item name for extended intent field. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_BLUETOOTH_MAC_ADDRESS = PREFIX + "BLUETOOTH_MAC_ADDRESS";
+    /** COMPANION_SCAN_ITEM item name for extended intent field. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_SCAN_ITEM = PREFIX + "COMPANION_SCAN_ITEM";
+    /** BOND_RESULT item name for extended intent field. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_BOND_RESULT = PREFIX + "EXTRA_BOND_RESULT";
+
+    /**
+     * The bond result of the {@link BluetoothDevice} when FastPair launches the companion app, it
+     * means device is BONDED but the pairing process is not triggered by FastPair.
+     */
+    public static final int BOND_RESULT_SUCCESS_WITHOUT_FP = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The bond result of the {@link BluetoothDevice} when FastPair launches the companion app, it
+     * means device is BONDED and the pairing process is triggered by FastPair.
+     */
+    public static final int BOND_RESULT_SUCCESS_WITH_FP = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * The bond result of the {@link BluetoothDevice} when FastPair launches the companion app, it
+     * means the pairing process triggered by FastPair is failed due to the lack of PIN code.
+     */
+    public static final int BOND_RESULT_FAIL_WITH_FP_WITHOUT_PIN = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * The bond result of the {@link BluetoothDevice} when FastPair launches the companion app, it
+     * means the pairing process triggered by FastPair is failed due to the PIN code is not
+     * confirmed by the user.
+     */
+    public static final int BOND_RESULT_FAIL_WITH_FP_WITH_PIN_NOT_CONFIRMED = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * The bond result of the {@link BluetoothDevice} when FastPair launches the companion app, it
+     * means the pairing process triggered by FastPair is failed due to the user thinks the PIN is
+     * wrong.
+     */
+    public static final int BOND_RESULT_FAIL_WITH_FP_WITH_PIN_WRONG = 4;
+
+    /**
+     * The bond result of the {@link BluetoothDevice} when FastPair launches the companion app, it
+     * means the pairing process triggered by FastPair is failed even after the user confirmed the
+     * PIN code is correct.
+     */
+    public static final int BOND_RESULT_FAIL_WITH_FP_WITH_PIN_CORRECT = 5;
+
+    private FastPairConstants() {}
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairDualConnection.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairDualConnection.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60afa31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairDualConnection.java
@@ -0,0 +1,2128 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothUuids.get16BitUuid;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothUuids.to128BitUuid;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Bytes.toBytes;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Bytes.toShorts;
+
+import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
+import static com.google.common.base.Verify.verifyNotNull;
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.GuardedBy;
+import androidx.annotation.IntDef;
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+import androidx.annotation.WorkerThread;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothTimeoutException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothAudioPairer.KeyBasedPairingInfo;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.AccountKeyCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.AdditionalDataCharacteristic.AdditionalDataType;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.FirmwareVersionCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.NameCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.TransportDiscoveryService;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.HandshakeHandler.ActionOverBle;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.HandshakeHandler.HandshakeException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.HandshakeHandler.HandshakeMessage;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Ltv.ParseException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.TimingLogger.ScopedTiming;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattConnection.ChangeObserver;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.BluetoothOperationTimeoutException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairController;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs.BrEdrHandoverErrorCode;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs.ConnectErrorCode;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs.CreateBondErrorCode;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs.ErrorCode;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Ascii;
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.primitives.Shorts;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+
+/**
+ * Supports Fast Pair pairing with certain Bluetooth headphones, Auto, etc.
+ *
+ * <p>Based on https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec, the pairing is constructed by
+ * both BLE and BREDR connections. Example state transitions for Fast Pair 2, ie a pairing key is
+ * included in the request (note: timeouts and retries are governed by flags, may change):
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ * {@code
+ *   Connect GATT
+ *     A) Success -> Handshake
+ *     B) Failure (3s timeout) -> Retry 2x -> end
+ *
+ *   Handshake
+ *     A) Generate a shared secret with the headset (either using anti-spoofing key or account key)
+ *       1) Account key is used directly as the key
+ *       2) Anti-spoofing key is used by combining out private key with the headset's public and
+ *          sending our public to the headset to combine with their private to generate a shared
+ *          key. Sending our public key to headset takes ~3s.
+ *     B) Write an encrypted packet to the headset containing their BLE address for verification
+ *        that both sides have the same key (headset decodes this packet and checks it against their
+ *        own address) (~250ms).
+ *     C) Receive a response from the headset containing their public address (~250ms).
+ *
+ *   Discovery (for devices < Oreo)
+ *     A) Success -> Create Bond
+ *     B) Failure (10s timeout) -> Sleep 1s, Retry 3x -> end
+ *
+ *   Connect to device
+ *     A) If already bonded
+ *       1) Attempt directly connecting to supported profiles (A2DP, etc)
+ *         a) Success -> Write Account Key
+ *         b) Failure (15s timeout, usually fails within a ~2s) -> Remove bond (~1s) -> Create bond
+ *     B) If not already bonded
+ *       1) Create bond
+ *         a) Success -> Connect profile
+ *         b) Failure (15s timeout) -> Retry 2x -> end
+ *       2) Connect profile
+ *         a) Success -> Write account key
+ *         b) Failure -> Retry -> end
+ *
+ *   Write account key
+ *     A) Callback that pairing succeeded
+ *     B) Disconnect GATT
+ *     C) Reconnect GATT for secure connection
+ *     D) Write account key (~3s)
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * The performance profiling result by {@link TimingLogger}:
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ *   FastPairDualConnection [Exclusive time] / [Total time] ([Timestamp])
+ *     Connect GATT #1 3054ms (0)
+ *     Handshake 32ms / 740ms (3054)
+ *       Generate key via ECDH 10ms (3054)
+ *       Add salt 1ms (3067)
+ *       Encrypt request 3ms (3068)
+ *       Write data to GATT 692ms (3097)
+ *       Wait response from GATT 0ms (3789)
+ *       Decrypt response 2ms (3789)
+ *     Get BR/EDR handover information via SDP 1ms (3795)
+ *     Pair device #1 6ms / 4887ms (3805)
+ *       Create bond 3965ms / 4881ms (3809)
+ *         Exchange passkey 587ms / 915ms (7124)
+ *           Encrypt passkey 6ms (7694)
+ *           Send passkey to remote 290ms (7700)
+ *           Wait for remote passkey 0ms (7993)
+ *           Decrypt passkey 18ms (7994)
+ *           Confirm the pairing: true 14ms (8025)
+ *         Close BondedReceiver 1ms (8688)
+ *     Connect: A2DP 19ms / 370ms (8701)
+ *       Wait connection 348ms / 349ms (8720)
+ *         Close ConnectedReceiver 1ms (9068)
+ *       Close profile: A2DP 2ms (9069)
+ *     Write account key 2ms / 789ms (9163)
+ *       Encrypt key 0ms (9164)
+ *       Write key via GATT #1 777ms / 783ms (9164)
+ *         Close GATT 6ms (9941)
+ *       Start CloudSyncing 2ms (9947)
+ *       Broadcast Validator 2ms (9949)
+ *   FastPairDualConnection end, 9952ms
+ * </pre>
+ */
+// TODO(b/203441105): break down FastPairDualConnection into smaller classes.
+public class FastPairDualConnection extends FastPairConnection {
+
+    private static final String TAG = FastPairDualConnection.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST = 10000;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS_ROTATED = 20000;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int GATT_ERROR_CODE_USER_RETRY = 30000;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int GATT_ERROR_CODE_PAIR_WITH_SAME_MODEL_ID_COUNT = 40000;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int GATT_ERROR_CODE_TIMEOUT = 1000;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private static String sInitialConnectionFirmwareVersion;
+    private static final byte[] REQUESTED_SERVICES_LTV =
+            new Ltv(
+                    TransportDiscoveryService.SERVICE_UUIDS_16_BIT_LIST_TYPE,
+                    toBytes(
+                            ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN,
+                            Constants.A2DP_SINK_SERVICE_UUID,
+                            Constants.HANDS_FREE_SERVICE_UUID,
+                            Constants.HEADSET_SERVICE_UUID))
+                    .getBytes();
+    private static final byte[] TDS_CONTROL_POINT_REQUEST =
+            concat(
+                    new byte[]{
+                            TransportDiscoveryService.ControlPointCharacteristic
+                                    .ACTIVATE_TRANSPORT_OP_CODE,
+                            TransportDiscoveryService.BLUETOOTH_SIG_ORGANIZATION_ID
+                    },
+                    REQUESTED_SERVICES_LTV);
+
+    private static boolean sTestMode = false;
+
+    static void enableTestMode() {
+        sTestMode = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Operation Result Code.
+     */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(
+            value = {
+                    ResultCode.UNKNOWN,
+                    ResultCode.SUCCESS,
+                    ResultCode.OP_CODE_NOT_SUPPORTED,
+                    ResultCode.INVALID_PARAMETER,
+                    ResultCode.UNSUPPORTED_ORGANIZATION_ID,
+                    ResultCode.OPERATION_FAILED,
+            })
+
+    public @interface ResultCode {
+
+        int UNKNOWN = (byte) 0xFF;
+        int SUCCESS = (byte) 0x00;
+        int OP_CODE_NOT_SUPPORTED = (byte) 0x01;
+        int INVALID_PARAMETER = (byte) 0x02;
+        int UNSUPPORTED_ORGANIZATION_ID = (byte) 0x03;
+        int OPERATION_FAILED = (byte) 0x04;
+    }
+
+
+    private static @ResultCode int fromTdsControlPointIndication(byte[] response) {
+        return response == null || response.length < 2 ? ResultCode.UNKNOWN : from(response[1]);
+    }
+
+    private static @ResultCode int from(byte byteValue) {
+        switch (byteValue) {
+            case ResultCode.UNKNOWN:
+            case ResultCode.SUCCESS:
+            case ResultCode.OP_CODE_NOT_SUPPORTED:
+            case ResultCode.INVALID_PARAMETER:
+            case ResultCode.UNSUPPORTED_ORGANIZATION_ID:
+            case ResultCode.OPERATION_FAILED:
+                return byteValue;
+            default:
+                return ResultCode.UNKNOWN;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class BrEdrHandoverInformation {
+
+        private final byte[] mBluetoothAddress;
+        private final short[] mProfiles;
+
+        private BrEdrHandoverInformation(byte[] bluetoothAddress, short[] profiles) {
+            this.mBluetoothAddress = bluetoothAddress;
+
+            // For now, since we only connect to one profile, prefer A2DP Sink over headset/HFP.
+            // TODO(b/37167120): Connect to more than one profile.
+            Set<Short> profileSet = new HashSet<>(Shorts.asList(profiles));
+            if (profileSet.contains(Constants.A2DP_SINK_SERVICE_UUID)) {
+                profileSet.remove(Constants.HEADSET_SERVICE_UUID);
+                profileSet.remove(Constants.HANDS_FREE_SERVICE_UUID);
+            }
+            this.mProfiles = Shorts.toArray(profileSet);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "BrEdrHandoverInformation{"
+                    + maskBluetoothAddress(BluetoothAddress.encode(mBluetoothAddress))
+                    + ", profiles="
+                    + (mProfiles.length > 0 ? Shorts.join(",", mProfiles) : "(none)")
+                    + "}";
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final Preferences mPreferences;
+    private final EventLoggerWrapper mEventLogger;
+    private final BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter =
+            checkNotNull(BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter());
+    private String mBleAddress;
+
+    private final TimingLogger mTimingLogger;
+    private GattConnectionManager mGattConnectionManager;
+    private boolean mProviderInitiatesBonding;
+    private @Nullable
+    byte[] mPairingSecret;
+    private @Nullable
+    byte[] mPairingKey;
+    @Nullable
+    private String mPublicAddress;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    @Nullable
+    FastPairHistoryFinder mPairedHistoryFinder;
+    @Nullable
+    private String mProviderDeviceName = null;
+    private boolean mNeedUpdateProviderName = false;
+    @Nullable
+    DeviceNameReceiver mDeviceNameReceiver;
+    @Nullable
+    private HandshakeHandler mHandshakeHandlerForTest;
+    @Nullable
+    private Runnable mBeforeDirectlyConnectProfileFromCacheForTest;
+
+    public FastPairDualConnection(
+            Context context,
+            String bleAddress,
+            Preferences preferences,
+            @Nullable EventLogger eventLogger) {
+        this(context, bleAddress, preferences, eventLogger,
+                new TimingLogger("FastPairDualConnection", preferences));
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    FastPairDualConnection(
+            Context context,
+            String bleAddress,
+            Preferences preferences,
+            @Nullable EventLogger eventLogger,
+            TimingLogger timingLogger) {
+        this.mContext = context;
+        this.mPreferences = preferences;
+        this.mEventLogger = new EventLoggerWrapper(eventLogger);
+        this.mBleAddress = bleAddress;
+        this.mTimingLogger = timingLogger;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unpairs with headphones. Synchronous: Blocks until unpaired. Throws on any error.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    public void unpair(BluetoothDevice device)
+            throws ReflectionException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException,
+            PairingException {
+        if (mPreferences.getExtraLoggingInformation() != null) {
+            mEventLogger
+                    .bind(mContext, device.getAddress(), mPreferences.getExtraLoggingInformation());
+        }
+        new BluetoothAudioPairer(
+                mContext,
+                device,
+                mPreferences,
+                mEventLogger,
+                /* keyBasedPairingInfo= */ null,
+                /* passkeyConfirmationHandler= */ null,
+                mTimingLogger)
+                .unpair();
+        if (mEventLogger.isBound()) {
+            mEventLogger.unbind(mContext);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the fast pair history for identifying the provider which has paired (without being
+     * forgotten) with the primary account on the device, i.e. the history is not limited on this
+     * phone, can be on other phones with the same account. If they have already paired, Fast Pair
+     * should not generate new account key and default personalized name for it after initial pair.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    public void setFastPairHistory(List<FastPairHistoryItem> fastPairHistoryItem) {
+        Log.i(TAG, "Paired history has been set.");
+        this.mPairedHistoryFinder = new FastPairHistoryFinder(fastPairHistoryItem);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Update the provider device name when we take provider default name and account based name
+     * into consideration.
+     */
+    public void setProviderDeviceName(String deviceName) {
+        Log.i(TAG, "Update provider device name = " + deviceName);
+        mProviderDeviceName = deviceName;
+        mNeedUpdateProviderName = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the device name from the Provider (via GATT notify).
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getProviderDeviceName() {
+        if (mDeviceNameReceiver == null) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "getProviderDeviceName failed, deviceNameReceiver == null.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (mPairingSecret == null) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "getProviderDeviceName failed, pairingSecret == null.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        String deviceName = mDeviceNameReceiver.getParsedResult(mPairingSecret);
+        Log.i(TAG, "getProviderDeviceName = " + deviceName);
+
+        return deviceName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the existing account key of the provider, this API can be called after handshake.
+     *
+     * @return the existing account key if the provider has paired with the account before.
+     * Otherwise, return null, i.e. it is a real initial pairing.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getExistingAccountKey() {
+        return mPairedHistoryFinder == null ? null : mPairedHistoryFinder.getExistingAccountKey();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pairs with headphones. Synchronous: Blocks until paired and connected. Throws on any error.
+     *
+     * @return the secret key for the user's account, if written.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    @Nullable
+    public SharedSecret pair()
+            throws BluetoothException, InterruptedException, ReflectionException, TimeoutException,
+            ExecutionException, PairingException {
+        try {
+            return pair(/*key=*/ null);
+        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Should never happen, no security key!", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pairs with headphones. Synchronous: Blocks until paired and connected. Throws on any error.
+     *
+     * @param key can be in two different formats. If it is 16 bytes long, then it is an AES account
+     * key. Otherwise, it's a public key generated by {@link EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange}.
+     * See go/fast-pair-2-spec for how each of these keys are used.
+     * @return the secret key for the user's account, if written
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    @Nullable
+    public SharedSecret pair(@Nullable byte[] key)
+            throws BluetoothException, InterruptedException, ReflectionException, TimeoutException,
+            ExecutionException, PairingException, GeneralSecurityException {
+        mPairingKey = key;
+        if (key != null) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Starting to pair " + maskBluetoothAddress(mBleAddress) + ": key["
+                    + key.length + "], " + mPreferences);
+        } else {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Pairing " + maskBluetoothAddress(mBleAddress) + ": " + mPreferences);
+        }
+        if (mPreferences.getExtraLoggingInformation() != null) {
+            this.mEventLogger.bind(
+                    mContext, mBleAddress, mPreferences.getExtraLoggingInformation());
+        }
+        // Provider never initiates if key is null (Fast Pair 1.0).
+        if (key != null && mPreferences.getProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported()) {
+            // Provider can't initiate if we can't get our own public address, so check.
+            this.mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.GET_LOCAL_PUBLIC_ADDRESS);
+            if (BluetoothAddress.getPublicAddress(mContext) != null) {
+                this.mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                mProviderInitiatesBonding = true;
+            } else {
+                this.mEventLogger
+                        .logCurrentEventFailed(new IllegalStateException("null bluetooth_address"));
+                Log.e(TAG,
+                        "Want provider to initiate bonding, but cannot access Bluetooth public "
+                                + "address. Falling back to initiating bonding ourselves.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // User might be pairing with a bonded device. In this case, we just connect profile
+        // directly and finish pairing.
+        if (directConnectProfileWithCachedAddress()) {
+            callbackOnPaired();
+            mTimingLogger.dump();
+            if (mEventLogger.isBound()) {
+                mEventLogger.unbind(mContext);
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Lazily initialize a new connection manager for each pairing request.
+        initGattConnectionManager();
+        boolean isSecretHandshakeCompleted = true;
+
+        try {
+            if (key != null && key.length > 0) {
+                // GATT_CONNECTION_AND_SECRET_HANDSHAKE start.
+                mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.GATT_CONNECTION_AND_SECRET_HANDSHAKE);
+                isSecretHandshakeCompleted = false;
+                Exception lastException = null;
+                boolean lastExceptionFromHandshake = false;
+                long startTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+                // We communicate over this connection twice for Key-based Pairing: once before
+                // bonding begins, and once during (to transfer the passkey). Empirically, keeping
+                // it alive throughout is far more reliable than disconnecting and reconnecting for
+                // each step. The while loop is for retry of GATT connection and handshake only.
+                do {
+                    boolean isHandshaking = false;
+                    try (BluetoothGattConnection connection =
+                            mGattConnectionManager
+                                    .getConnectionWithSignalLostCheck(mRescueFromError)) {
+                        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE);
+                        if (lastException != null && !lastExceptionFromHandshake) {
+                            logRetrySuccessEvent(EventCode.RECOVER_BY_RETRY_GATT, lastException,
+                                    mEventLogger);
+                            lastException = null;
+                        }
+                        try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                                "Handshake")) {
+                            isHandshaking = true;
+                            handshakeForKeyBasedPairing(key);
+                            // After handshake, Fast Pair has the public address of the provider, so
+                            // we can check if it has paired with the account.
+                            if (mPublicAddress != null && mPairedHistoryFinder != null) {
+                                if (mPairedHistoryFinder.isInPairedHistory(mPublicAddress)) {
+                                    Log.i(TAG, "The provider is found in paired history.");
+                                } else {
+                                    Log.i(TAG, "The provider is not found in paired history.");
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        isHandshaking = false;
+                        // SECRET_HANDSHAKE end.
+                        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                        isSecretHandshakeCompleted = true;
+                        if (mPrepareCreateBondCallback != null) {
+                            mPrepareCreateBondCallback.run();
+                        }
+                        if (lastException != null && lastExceptionFromHandshake) {
+                            logRetrySuccessEvent(EventCode.RECOVER_BY_RETRY_HANDSHAKE_RECONNECT,
+                                    lastException, mEventLogger);
+                        }
+                        logManualRetryCounts(/* success= */ true);
+                        // GATT_CONNECTION_AND_SECRET_HANDSHAKE end.
+                        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                        return pair(mPreferences.getEnableBrEdrHandover());
+                    } catch (SignalLostException e) {
+                        long spentTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startTime;
+                        if (spentTime > mPreferences.getAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()) {
+                            Log.w(TAG, "Signal lost but already spend too much time " + spentTime
+                                    + "ms");
+                            throw e;
+                        }
+
+                        logCurrentEventFailedBySignalLost(e);
+                        lastException = (Exception) e.getCause();
+                        lastExceptionFromHandshake = isHandshaking;
+                        if (mRescueFromError != null && isHandshaking) {
+                            mRescueFromError.accept(ErrorCode.SUCCESS_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_RECONNECT);
+                        }
+                        Log.i(TAG, "Signal lost, retry");
+                        // In case we meet some GATT error which is not recoverable and fail very
+                        // quick.
+                        SystemClock.sleep(mPreferences.getPairingRetryDelayMs());
+                    } catch (SignalRotatedException e) {
+                        long spentTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startTime;
+                        if (spentTime > mPreferences.getAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()) {
+                            Log.w(TAG, "Address rotated but already spend too much time "
+                                    + spentTime + "ms");
+                            throw e;
+                        }
+
+                        logCurrentEventFailedBySignalRotated(e);
+                        setBleAddress(e.getNewAddress());
+                        lastException = (Exception) e.getCause();
+                        lastExceptionFromHandshake = isHandshaking;
+                        if (mRescueFromError != null) {
+                            mRescueFromError.accept(ErrorCode.SUCCESS_ADDRESS_ROTATE);
+                        }
+                        Log.i(TAG, "Address rotated, retry");
+                    } catch (HandshakeException e) {
+                        long spentTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startTime;
+                        if (spentTime > mPreferences
+                                .getSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs()) {
+                            Log.w(TAG, "Secret handshake failed but already spend too much time "
+                                    + spentTime + "ms");
+                            throw e.getOriginalException();
+                        }
+                        if (mEventLogger.isCurrentEvent()) {
+                            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e.getOriginalException());
+                        }
+                        initGattConnectionManager();
+                        lastException = e.getOriginalException();
+                        lastExceptionFromHandshake = true;
+                        if (mRescueFromError != null) {
+                            mRescueFromError.accept(ErrorCode.SUCCESS_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_RECONNECT);
+                        }
+                        Log.i(TAG, "Handshake failed, retry GATT connection");
+                    }
+                } while (mPreferences.getRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake());
+            }
+            if (mPrepareCreateBondCallback != null) {
+                mPrepareCreateBondCallback.run();
+            }
+            return pair(mPreferences.getEnableBrEdrHandover());
+        } catch (SignalLostException e) {
+            logCurrentEventFailedBySignalLost(e);
+            // GATT_CONNECTION_AND_SECRET_HANDSHAKE end.
+            if (!isSecretHandshakeCompleted) {
+                logManualRetryCounts(/* success= */ false);
+                logCurrentEventFailedBySignalLost(e);
+            }
+            throw e;
+        } catch (SignalRotatedException e) {
+            logCurrentEventFailedBySignalRotated(e);
+            // GATT_CONNECTION_AND_SECRET_HANDSHAKE end.
+            if (!isSecretHandshakeCompleted) {
+                logManualRetryCounts(/* success= */ false);
+                logCurrentEventFailedBySignalRotated(e);
+            }
+            throw e;
+        } catch (BluetoothException
+                | InterruptedException
+                | ReflectionException
+                | TimeoutException
+                | ExecutionException
+                | PairingException
+                | GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            if (mEventLogger.isCurrentEvent()) {
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+            }
+            // GATT_CONNECTION_AND_SECRET_HANDSHAKE end.
+            if (!isSecretHandshakeCompleted) {
+                logManualRetryCounts(/* success= */ false);
+                if (mEventLogger.isCurrentEvent()) {
+                    mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+                }
+            }
+            throw e;
+        } finally {
+            mTimingLogger.dump();
+            if (mEventLogger.isBound()) {
+                mEventLogger.unbind(mContext);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean directConnectProfileWithCachedAddress() throws ReflectionException {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(mPreferences.getCachedDeviceAddress())
+                || !mPreferences.getDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache()
+                || mPreferences.getSkipConnectingProfiles()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        Log.i(TAG, "Try to direct connect profile with cached address "
+                + maskBluetoothAddress(mPreferences.getCachedDeviceAddress()));
+        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.DIRECTLY_CONNECT_PROFILE_WITH_CACHED_ADDRESS);
+        BluetoothDevice device =
+                mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(mPreferences.getCachedDeviceAddress()).unwrap();
+        AtomicBoolean interruptConnection = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+        BroadcastReceiver receiver =
+                new BroadcastReceiver() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+                        if (intent == null
+                                || !BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST
+                                .equals(intent.getAction())) {
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        BluetoothDevice pairingDevice = intent
+                                .getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
+                        if (pairingDevice == null || !device.getAddress()
+                                .equals(pairingDevice.getAddress())) {
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        abortBroadcast();
+                        // Should be the clear link key case, make it fail directly to go back to
+                        // initial pairing process.
+                        pairingDevice.setPairingConfirmation(/* confirm= */ false);
+                        Log.w(TAG, "Get pairing request broadcast for device "
+                                + maskBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())
+                                + " while try to direct connect profile with cached address, reject"
+                                + " and to go back to initial pairing process");
+                        interruptConnection.set(true);
+                    }
+                };
+        mContext.registerReceiver(receiver,
+                new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST));
+        try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming =
+                new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                        "Connect to profile with cached address directly")) {
+            if (mBeforeDirectlyConnectProfileFromCacheForTest != null) {
+                mBeforeDirectlyConnectProfileFromCacheForTest.run();
+            }
+            attemptConnectProfiles(
+                    new BluetoothAudioPairer(
+                            mContext,
+                            device,
+                            mPreferences,
+                            mEventLogger,
+                            /* keyBasedPairingInfo= */ null,
+                            /* passkeyConfirmationHandler= */ null,
+                            mTimingLogger),
+                    maskBluetoothAddress(device),
+                    getSupportedProfiles(device),
+                    /* numConnectionAttempts= */ 1,
+                    /* enablePairingBehavior= */ false,
+                    interruptConnection);
+            Log.i(TAG,
+                    "Directly connected to " + maskBluetoothAddress(device)
+                            + "with cached address.");
+            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+            mEventLogger.setDevice(device);
+            logPairWithPossibleCachedAddress(device.getAddress());
+            return true;
+        } catch (PairingException e) {
+            if (interruptConnection.get()) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "Fail to connected to " + maskBluetoothAddress(device)
+                        + " with cached address due to link key is cleared.", e);
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(
+                        new ConnectException(ConnectErrorCode.LINK_KEY_CLEARED,
+                                "Link key is cleared"));
+            } else {
+                Log.w(TAG, "Fail to connected to " + maskBluetoothAddress(device)
+                        + " with cached address.", e);
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+            }
+            return false;
+        } finally {
+            mContext.unregisterReceiver(receiver);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Logs for user retry, check go/fastpairquality21q3 for more details.
+     */
+    private void logManualRetryCounts(boolean success) {
+        if (!mPreferences.getLogUserManualRetry()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // We don't want to be the final event on analytics.
+        if (!mEventLogger.isCurrentEvent()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.GATT_HANDSHAKE_MANUAL_RETRY_ATTEMPTS);
+        if (mPreferences.getPairFailureCounts() <= 0 && success) {
+            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+        } else {
+            int errorCode = mPreferences.getPairFailureCounts();
+            if (errorCode > 99) {
+                errorCode = 99;
+            }
+            errorCode += success ? 0 : 100;
+            // To not conflict with current error codes.
+            errorCode += GATT_ERROR_CODE_USER_RETRY;
+            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(
+                    new BluetoothGattException("Error for manual retry", errorCode));
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void logRetrySuccessEvent(
+            @EventCode int eventCode,
+            @Nullable Exception recoverFromException,
+            EventLoggerWrapper eventLogger) {
+        if (recoverFromException == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        eventLogger.setCurrentEvent(eventCode);
+        eventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(recoverFromException);
+    }
+
+    private void initGattConnectionManager() {
+        mGattConnectionManager =
+                new GattConnectionManager(
+                        mContext,
+                        mPreferences,
+                        mEventLogger,
+                        mBluetoothAdapter,
+                        this::toggleBluetooth,
+                        mBleAddress,
+                        mTimingLogger,
+                        mFastPairSignalChecker,
+                        isPairingWithAntiSpoofingPublicKey());
+    }
+
+    private void logCurrentEventFailedBySignalRotated(SignalRotatedException e) {
+        if (!mEventLogger.isCurrentEvent()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Log.w(TAG, "BLE Address for pairing device might rotated!");
+        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(
+                new BluetoothGattException(
+                        "BLE Address for pairing device might rotated",
+                        appendMoreErrorCode(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS_ROTATED,
+                                e.getCause()),
+                        e));
+    }
+
+    private void logCurrentEventFailedBySignalLost(SignalLostException e) {
+        if (!mEventLogger.isCurrentEvent()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Log.w(TAG, "BLE signal for pairing device might lost!");
+        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(
+                new BluetoothGattException(
+                        "BLE signal for pairing device might lost",
+                        appendMoreErrorCode(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST, e.getCause()),
+                        e));
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static int appendMoreErrorCode(int masterErrorCode, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
+        if (cause instanceof BluetoothGattException) {
+            return masterErrorCode + ((BluetoothGattException) cause).getGattErrorCode();
+        } else if (cause instanceof TimeoutException
+                || cause instanceof BluetoothTimeoutException
+                || cause instanceof BluetoothOperationTimeoutException) {
+            return masterErrorCode + GATT_ERROR_CODE_TIMEOUT;
+        } else {
+            return masterErrorCode;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void setBleAddress(String newAddress) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(newAddress) || Ascii.equalsIgnoreCase(newAddress, mBleAddress)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mBleAddress = newAddress;
+
+        // Recreates a GattConnectionManager with the new address for establishing a new GATT
+        // connection later.
+        initGattConnectionManager();
+
+        mEventLogger.setDevice(mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(mBleAddress).unwrap());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the public address of the headset used in the connection. Before the handshake, this
+     * could be null.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getPublicAddress() {
+        return mPublicAddress;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pairs with a Bluetooth device. In general, this process goes through the following steps:
+     *
+     * <ol>
+     *   <li>Get BrEdr handover information if requested
+     *   <li>Discover the device (on Android N and lower to work around a bug)
+     *   <li>Connect to the device
+     *       <ul>
+     *         <li>Attempt a direct connection to a supported profile if we're already bonded
+     *         <li>Create a new bond with the not bonded device and then connect to a supported
+     *             profile
+     *       </ul>
+     *   <li>Write the account secret
+     * </ol>
+     *
+     * <p>Blocks until paired. May take 10+ seconds, so run on a background thread.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    private SharedSecret pair(boolean enableBrEdrHandover)
+            throws BluetoothException, InterruptedException, ReflectionException, TimeoutException,
+            ExecutionException, PairingException, GeneralSecurityException {
+        BrEdrHandoverInformation brEdrHandoverInformation = null;
+        if (enableBrEdrHandover) {
+            try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming =
+                    new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Get BR/EDR handover information via GATT")) {
+                brEdrHandoverInformation =
+                        getBrEdrHandoverInformation(mGattConnectionManager.getConnection());
+            } catch (BluetoothException | TdsException e) {
+                Log.w(TAG,
+                        "Couldn't get BR/EDR Handover info via TDS. Trying direct connect.", e);
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (brEdrHandoverInformation == null) {
+            // Pair directly to the BLE address. Works if the BLE and Bluetooth Classic addresses
+            // are the same, or if we can do BLE cross-key transport.
+            brEdrHandoverInformation =
+                    new BrEdrHandoverInformation(
+                            BluetoothAddress
+                                    .decode(mPublicAddress != null ? mPublicAddress : mBleAddress),
+                            attemptGetBluetoothClassicProfiles(
+                                    mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(mBleAddress).unwrap(),
+                                    mPreferences.getNumSdpAttempts()));
+        }
+
+        BluetoothDevice device =
+                mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(brEdrHandoverInformation.mBluetoothAddress)
+                        .unwrap();
+        callbackOnGetAddress(device.getAddress());
+        mEventLogger.setDevice(device);
+
+        Log.i(TAG, "Pairing with " + brEdrHandoverInformation);
+        KeyBasedPairingInfo keyBasedPairingInfo =
+                mPairingSecret == null
+                        ? null
+                        : new KeyBasedPairingInfo(
+                                mPairingSecret, mGattConnectionManager, mProviderInitiatesBonding);
+
+        BluetoothAudioPairer pairer =
+                new BluetoothAudioPairer(
+                        mContext,
+                        device,
+                        mPreferences,
+                        mEventLogger,
+                        keyBasedPairingInfo,
+                        mPasskeyConfirmationHandler,
+                        mTimingLogger);
+
+        logPairWithPossibleCachedAddress(device.getAddress());
+        logPairWithModelIdInCacheAndDiscoveryFailForCachedAddress(device);
+
+        // In the case where we are already bonded, we should first just try connecting to supported
+        // profiles. If successful, then this will be much faster than recreating the bond like we
+        // normally do and we can finish early. It is also more reliable than tearing down the bond
+        // and recreating it.
+        try {
+            if (!sTestMode) {
+                attemptDirectConnectionIfBonded(device, pairer);
+            }
+            callbackOnPaired();
+            return maybeWriteAccountKey(device);
+        } catch (PairingException e) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Failed to directly connect to supported profiles: " + e.getMessage());
+            // Catches exception when we fail to connect support profile. And makes the flow to go
+            // through step to write account key when device is bonded.
+            if (mPreferences.getEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection()
+                    && device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
+                if (mPreferences.getSkipConnectingProfiles()
+                        && !mPreferences.getCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles()) {
+                    Log.i(TAG, "For notCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles case should do "
+                            + "re-bond");
+                } else {
+                    Log.i(TAG, "Fail to connect profile when device is bonded, still call back on"
+                            + "pair callback to show ui");
+                    callbackOnPaired();
+                    return maybeWriteAccountKey(device);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+            switch (device.getBondState()) {
+                case BOND_BONDED:
+                    mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.BEFORE_CREATE_BOND_BONDED);
+                    break;
+                case BOND_BONDING:
+                    mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.BEFORE_CREATE_BOND_BONDING);
+                    break;
+                case BOND_NONE:
+                default:
+                    mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.BEFORE_CREATE_BOND);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 1; i <= mPreferences.getNumCreateBondAttempts(); i++) {
+            try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Pair device #" + i)) {
+                pairer.pair();
+                if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+                    // For EventCode.BEFORE_CREATE_BOND
+                    mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                }
+                break;
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+                if (mPasskeyIsGotten) {
+                    Log.w(TAG,
+                            "createBond() failed because of " + e.getMessage()
+                                    + " after getting the passkey. Skip retry.");
+                    if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+                        // For EventCode.BEFORE_CREATE_BOND
+                        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(
+                                new CreateBondException(
+                                        CreateBondErrorCode.FAILED_BUT_ALREADY_RECEIVE_PASS_KEY,
+                                        0,
+                                        "Already get the passkey"));
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+                Log.e(TAG,
+                        "removeBond() or createBond() failed, attempt " + i + " of " + mPreferences
+                                .getNumCreateBondAttempts() + ". Bond state "
+                                + device.getBondState(), e);
+                if (i < mPreferences.getNumCreateBondAttempts()) {
+                    toggleBluetooth();
+
+                    // We've seen 3 createBond() failures within 100ms (!). And then success again
+                    // later (even without turning on/off bluetooth). So create some minimum break
+                    // time.
+                    Log.i(TAG, "Sleeping 1 sec after createBond() failure.");
+                    SystemClock.sleep(1000);
+                } else if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+                    // For EventCode.BEFORE_CREATE_BOND
+                    mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        boolean deviceCreateBondFailWithNullSecret = false;
+        if (!pairer.isPaired()) {
+            if (mPairingSecret != null) {
+                // Bonding could fail for a few different reasons here. It could be an error, an
+                // attacker may have tried to bond, or the device may not be up to spec.
+                throw new PairingException("createBond() failed, exiting connection process.");
+            } else if (mPreferences.getSkipConnectingProfiles()) {
+                throw new PairingException(
+                        "createBond() failed and skipping connecting to a profile.");
+            } else {
+                // When bond creation has failed, connecting a profile will still work most of the
+                // time for Fast Pair 1.0 devices (ie, pairing secret is null), so continue on with
+                // the spec anyways and attempt to connect supported profiles.
+                Log.w(TAG, "createBond() failed, will try connecting profiles anyway.");
+                deviceCreateBondFailWithNullSecret = true;
+            }
+        } else if (mPreferences.getEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection()) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "new flow to call on paired callback for ui when pairing step is finished");
+            callbackOnPaired();
+        }
+
+        if (!mPreferences.getSkipConnectingProfiles()) {
+            if (mPreferences.getWaitForUuidsAfterBonding()
+                    && brEdrHandoverInformation.mProfiles.length == 0) {
+                short[] supportedProfiles = getCachedUuids(device);
+                if (supportedProfiles.length == 0
+                        && mPreferences.getNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded() > 0) {
+                    Log.i(TAG, "Found no supported profiles in UUID cache, manually trigger SDP.");
+                    attemptGetBluetoothClassicProfiles(device,
+                            mPreferences.getNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded());
+                }
+                brEdrHandoverInformation =
+                        new BrEdrHandoverInformation(
+                                brEdrHandoverInformation.mBluetoothAddress, supportedProfiles);
+            }
+            short[] profiles = brEdrHandoverInformation.mProfiles;
+            if (profiles.length == 0) {
+                profiles = Constants.getSupportedProfiles();
+                Log.w(TAG,
+                        "Attempting to connect constants profiles, " + Arrays.toString(profiles));
+            } else {
+                Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to connect device profiles, " + Arrays.toString(profiles));
+            }
+
+            try {
+                attemptConnectProfiles(
+                        pairer,
+                        maskBluetoothAddress(device),
+                        profiles,
+                        mPreferences.getNumConnectAttempts(),
+                        /* enablePairingBehavior= */ false);
+            } catch (PairingException e) {
+                // For new pair flow to show ui, we already show success ui when finishing the
+                // createBond step. So we should catch the exception from connecting profile to
+                // avoid showing fail ui for user.
+                if (mPreferences.getEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection()
+                        && !deviceCreateBondFailWithNullSecret) {
+                    Log.i(TAG, "Fail to connect profile when device is bonded");
+                } else {
+                    throw e;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (!mPreferences.getEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection()) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "original flow to call on paired callback for ui");
+            callbackOnPaired();
+        } else if (deviceCreateBondFailWithNullSecret) {
+            // This paired callback is called for device which create bond fail with null secret
+            // such as FastPair 1.0 device when directly connecting to any supported profile.
+            Log.i(TAG, "call on paired callback for ui for device with null secret without bonded "
+                    + "state");
+            callbackOnPaired();
+        }
+        if (mPreferences.getEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic()
+                && validateBluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                mGattConnectionManager.getConnection(), FirmwareVersionCharacteristic.ID)) {
+            try {
+                sInitialConnectionFirmwareVersion = readFirmwareVersion();
+            } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                Log.i(TAG, "Fast Pair: head phone does not support firmware read", e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Catch exception when writing account key or name fail to avoid showing pairing failure
+        // notice for user. Because device is already paired successfully based on paring step.
+        SharedSecret secret = null;
+        try {
+            secret = maybeWriteAccountKey(device);
+        } catch (InterruptedException
+                | ExecutionException
+                | TimeoutException
+                | NoSuchAlgorithmException
+                | BluetoothException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Fast Pair: Got exception when writing account key or name to provider", e);
+        }
+
+        return secret;
+    }
+
+    private void logPairWithPossibleCachedAddress(String brEdrAddressForBonding) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(mPreferences.getPossibleCachedDeviceAddress())
+                || !mPreferences.getLogPairWithCachedModelId()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.PAIR_WITH_CACHED_MODEL_ID);
+        if (Ascii.equalsIgnoreCase(
+                mPreferences.getPossibleCachedDeviceAddress(), brEdrAddressForBonding)) {
+            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+            Log.i(TAG, "Repair with possible cached device "
+                    + maskBluetoothAddress(mPreferences.getPossibleCachedDeviceAddress()));
+        } else {
+            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(
+                    new PairingException("Pairing with 2nd device with same model ID"));
+            Log.i(TAG, "Pair with a new device " + maskBluetoothAddress(brEdrAddressForBonding)
+                    + " with model ID in cache "
+                    + maskBluetoothAddress(mPreferences.getPossibleCachedDeviceAddress()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Logs two type of events. First, why cachedAddress mechanism doesn't work if it's repair with
+     * bonded device case. Second, if it's not the case, log how many devices with the same model Id
+     * is already paired.
+     */
+    private void logPairWithModelIdInCacheAndDiscoveryFailForCachedAddress(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        if (!mPreferences.getLogPairWithCachedModelId()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (device.getBondState() == BOND_BONDED) {
+            if (mPreferences.getSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount() <= 0) {
+                Log.i(TAG, "Device is bonded but we don't have this model Id in cache.");
+            } else if (TextUtils.isEmpty(mPreferences.getCachedDeviceAddress())
+                    && mPreferences.getDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache()
+                    && !mPreferences.getSkipConnectingProfiles()) {
+                // Pair with bonded device case. Log why the cached address is not found.
+                mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(
+                        EventCode.DIRECTLY_CONNECT_PROFILE_WITH_CACHED_ADDRESS);
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(
+                        mPreferences.getIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache()
+                                ? new ConnectException(ConnectErrorCode.FAIL_TO_DISCOVERY,
+                                "Failed to discovery")
+                                : new ConnectException(
+                                        ConnectErrorCode.DISCOVERY_NOT_FINISHED,
+                                        "Discovery not finished"));
+                Log.i(TAG, "Failed to get cached address due to "
+                        + (mPreferences.getIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache()
+                        ? "Failed to discovery"
+                        : "Discovery not finished"));
+            }
+        } else if (device.getBondState() == BOND_NONE) {
+            // Pair with new device case, log how many devices with the same model id is in FastPair
+            // cache already.
+            mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.PAIR_WITH_NEW_MODEL);
+            if (mPreferences.getSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount() <= 0) {
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+            } else {
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(
+                        new BluetoothGattException(
+                                "Already have this model ID in cache",
+                                GATT_ERROR_CODE_PAIR_WITH_SAME_MODEL_ID_COUNT
+                                        + mPreferences.getSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount()));
+            }
+            Log.i(TAG, "This device already has " + mPreferences.getSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount()
+                    + " peripheral with the same model Id");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Attempts to directly connect to any supported profile if we're already bonded, this will save
+     * time over tearing down the bond and recreating it.
+     */
+    private void attemptDirectConnectionIfBonded(BluetoothDevice device,
+            BluetoothAudioPairer pairer)
+            throws PairingException {
+        if (mPreferences.getSkipConnectingProfiles()) {
+            if (mPreferences.getCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles()
+                    && device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
+                Log.i(TAG, "Skipping connecting to profiles by preferences.");
+                return;
+            }
+            throw new PairingException(
+                    "Skipping connecting to profiles, no direct connection possible.");
+        } else if (!mPreferences.getAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded()
+                || device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
+            throw new PairingException(
+                    "Not previously bonded skipping direct connection, %s", device.getBondState());
+        }
+        short[] supportedProfiles = getSupportedProfiles(device);
+        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.DIRECTLY_CONNECTED_TO_PROFILE);
+        try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming =
+                new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Connect to profile directly")) {
+            attemptConnectProfiles(
+                    pairer,
+                    maskBluetoothAddress(device),
+                    supportedProfiles,
+                    mPreferences.getEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection()
+                            ? mPreferences.getNumConnectAttempts()
+                            : 1,
+                    mPreferences.getEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting());
+            Log.i(TAG, "Directly connected to " + maskBluetoothAddress(device));
+            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+        } catch (PairingException e) {
+            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+            // Rethrow e so that the exception bubbles up and we continue the normal pairing
+            // process.
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void attemptConnectProfiles(
+            BluetoothAudioPairer pairer,
+            String deviceMaskedBluetoothAddress,
+            short[] profiles,
+            int numConnectionAttempts,
+            boolean enablePairingBehavior)
+            throws PairingException {
+        attemptConnectProfiles(
+                pairer,
+                deviceMaskedBluetoothAddress,
+                profiles,
+                numConnectionAttempts,
+                enablePairingBehavior,
+                new AtomicBoolean(false));
+    }
+
+    private void attemptConnectProfiles(
+            BluetoothAudioPairer pairer,
+            String deviceMaskedBluetoothAddress,
+            short[] profiles,
+            int numConnectionAttempts,
+            boolean enablePairingBehavior,
+            AtomicBoolean interruptConnection)
+            throws PairingException {
+        if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+            mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.BEFORE_CONNECT_PROFILE);
+        }
+        Exception lastException = null;
+        for (short profile : profiles) {
+            if (interruptConnection.get()) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "attemptConnectProfiles interrupted");
+                break;
+            }
+            if (!mPreferences.isSupportedProfile(profile)) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "Ignoring unsupported profile=" + profile);
+                continue;
+            }
+            for (int i = 1; i <= numConnectionAttempts; i++) {
+                if (interruptConnection.get()) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "attemptConnectProfiles interrupted");
+                    break;
+                }
+                mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.CONNECT_PROFILE);
+                mEventLogger.setCurrentProfile(profile);
+                try {
+                    pairer.connect(profile, enablePairingBehavior);
+                    mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                    if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+                        // For EventCode.BEFORE_CONNECT_PROFILE
+                        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                    }
+                    // If successful, we're done.
+                    // TODO(b/37167120): Connect to more than one profile.
+                    return;
+                } catch (InterruptedException
+                        | ReflectionException
+                        | TimeoutException
+                        | ExecutionException
+                        | ConnectException e) {
+                    Log.w(TAG,
+                            "Error connecting to profile=" + profile
+                                    + " for device=" + deviceMaskedBluetoothAddress
+                                    + " (attempt " + i + " of " + mPreferences
+                                    .getNumConnectAttempts(), e);
+                    mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+                    lastException = e;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (mPreferences.getMoreEventLogForQuality()) {
+            // For EventCode.BEFORE_CONNECT_PROFILE
+            if (lastException != null) {
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(lastException);
+            } else {
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+            }
+        }
+        throw new PairingException(
+                "Unable to connect to any profiles in: %s", Arrays.toString(profiles));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether or not an account key should be written to the device and writes it if so.
+     * This is called after handle notifying the pairedCallback that we've finished pairing, because
+     * at this point the headset is ready to use.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    private SharedSecret maybeWriteAccountKey(BluetoothDevice device)
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException,
+            NoSuchAlgorithmException,
+            BluetoothException {
+        if (!sTestMode) {
+            Locator.get(mContext, FastPairController.class).setShouldUpload(false);
+        }
+        if (!shouldWriteAccountKey()) {
+            // For FastPair 2.0, here should be a subsequent pairing case.
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Check if it should be a subsequent pairing but go through initial pairing. If there is an
+        // existed paired history found, use the same account key instead of creating a new one.
+        byte[] accountKey =
+                mPairedHistoryFinder == null ? null : mPairedHistoryFinder.getExistingAccountKey();
+        if (accountKey == null) {
+            // It is a real initial pairing, generate a new account key for the headset.
+            try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming1 =
+                    new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Write account key")) {
+                accountKey = doWriteAccountKey(createAccountKey(), device.getAddress());
+                if (accountKey == null) {
+                    // Without writing account key back to provider, close the connection.
+                    mGattConnectionManager.closeConnection();
+                    return null;
+                }
+                if (!mPreferences.getIsRetroactivePairing()) {
+                    try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming2 = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                            "Start CloudSyncing")) {
+                        // Start to sync to the footprint
+                        Locator.get(mContext, FastPairController.class).setShouldUpload(true);
+                        //mContext.startService(createCloudSyncingIntent(accountKey));
+                    } catch (SecurityException e) {
+                        Log.w(TAG, "Error adding device.", e);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } else if (shouldWriteAccountKeyForExistingCase(accountKey)) {
+            // There is an existing account key, but go through initial pairing, and still write the
+            // existing account key.
+            doWriteAccountKey(accountKey, device.getAddress());
+        }
+
+        // When finish writing account key in initial pairing, write new device name back to
+        // provider.
+        UUID characteristicUuid = NameCharacteristic.getId(mGattConnectionManager.getConnection());
+        if (mPreferences.getEnableNamingCharacteristic()
+                && mNeedUpdateProviderName
+                && validateBluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                mGattConnectionManager.getConnection(), characteristicUuid)) {
+            try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                    "WriteNameToProvider")) {
+                writeNameToProvider(this.mProviderDeviceName, device.getAddress());
+            }
+        }
+
+        // When finish writing account key and name back to provider, close the connection.
+        mGattConnectionManager.closeConnection();
+        return SharedSecret.create(accountKey, device.getAddress());
+    }
+
+    private boolean shouldWriteAccountKey() {
+        return isWritingAccountKeyEnabled() && isPairingWithAntiSpoofingPublicKey();
+    }
+
+    private boolean isWritingAccountKeyEnabled() {
+        return mPreferences.getNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts() > 0;
+    }
+
+    private boolean isPairingWithAntiSpoofingPublicKey() {
+        return isPairingWithAntiSpoofingPublicKey(mPairingKey);
+    }
+
+    private boolean isPairingWithAntiSpoofingPublicKey(@Nullable byte[] key) {
+        return key != null && key.length == EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates and writes an account key to the provided mac address.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] doWriteAccountKey(byte[] accountKey, String macAddress)
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException, BluetoothException {
+        byte[] localPairingSecret = mPairingSecret;
+        if (localPairingSecret == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Pairing secret was null, account key couldn't be encrypted or written.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (!mPreferences.getSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey()) {
+            try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                    "Close GATT and sleep")) {
+                // Make a new connection instead of reusing gattConnection, because this is
+                // post-pairing and we need an encrypted connection.
+                mGattConnectionManager.closeConnection();
+                // Sleep before re-connecting to gatt, for writing account key, could increase
+                // stability.
+                Thread.sleep(mPreferences.getWriteAccountKeySleepMillis());
+            }
+        }
+
+        byte[] encryptedKey;
+        try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Encrypt key")) {
+            encryptedKey = AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.encrypt(localPairingSecret, accountKey);
+        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            Log.w("Failed to encrypt key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 1; i <= mPreferences.getNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts(); i++) {
+            mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY);
+            try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                    "Write key via GATT #" + i)) {
+                writeAccountKey(encryptedKey, macAddress);
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                return accountKey;
+            } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                Log.w("Error writing account key attempt " + i + " of " + mPreferences
+                        .getNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts(), e);
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+                // Retry with a while for stability.
+                Thread.sleep(mPreferences.getWriteAccountKeySleepMillis());
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private byte[] createAccountKey() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        return AccountKeyGenerator.createAccountKey();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    boolean shouldWriteAccountKeyForExistingCase(byte[] existingAccountKey) {
+        if (!mPreferences.getKeepSameAccountKeyWrite()) {
+            Log.i(TAG,
+                    "The provider has already paired with the account, skip writing account key.");
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (existingAccountKey[0] != AccountKeyCharacteristic.TYPE) {
+            Log.i(TAG,
+                    "The provider has already paired with the account, but accountKey[0] != 0x04."
+                            + " Forget the device from the account and re-try");
+
+            return false;
+        }
+        Log.i(TAG, "The provider has already paired with the account, still write the same account "
+                + "key.");
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a key-based pairing request handshake to authenticate and get the remote device's
+     * public address.
+     *
+     * @param key is described in {@link #pair(byte[])}
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    SharedSecret handshakeForKeyBasedPairing(byte[] key)
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException, BluetoothException,
+            GeneralSecurityException, PairingException {
+        // We may also initialize gattConnectionManager of prepareForHandshake() that will be used
+        // in registerNotificationForNamePacket(), so we need to call it here.
+        HandshakeHandler handshakeHandler = prepareForHandshake();
+        KeyBasedPairingRequest.Builder keyBasedPairingRequestBuilder =
+                new KeyBasedPairingRequest.Builder()
+                        .setVerificationData(BluetoothAddress.decode(mBleAddress));
+        if (mProviderInitiatesBonding) {
+            keyBasedPairingRequestBuilder
+                    .addFlag(KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.PROVIDER_INITIATES_BONDING);
+        }
+        // Seeker only request provider device name in initial pairing.
+        if (mPreferences.getEnableNamingCharacteristic() && isPairingWithAntiSpoofingPublicKey(
+                key)) {
+            keyBasedPairingRequestBuilder.addFlag(KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.REQUEST_DEVICE_NAME);
+            // Register listener to receive name characteristic response from provider.
+            registerNotificationForNamePacket();
+        }
+        if (mPreferences.getIsRetroactivePairing()) {
+            keyBasedPairingRequestBuilder
+                    .addFlag(KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.REQUEST_RETROACTIVE_PAIR);
+            keyBasedPairingRequestBuilder.setSeekerPublicAddress(
+                    Preconditions.checkNotNull(BluetoothAddress.getPublicAddress(mContext)));
+        }
+
+        return performHandshakeWithRetryAndSignalLostCheck(
+                handshakeHandler, key, keyBasedPairingRequestBuilder.build(), /* withRetry= */
+                true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Performs an action-over-BLE request handshake for authentication, i.e. to identify the shared
+     * secret. The given key should be the account key.
+     */
+    private SharedSecret handshakeForActionOverBle(byte[] key,
+            @AdditionalDataType int additionalDataType)
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException, BluetoothException,
+            GeneralSecurityException, PairingException {
+        HandshakeHandler handshakeHandler = prepareForHandshake();
+        return performHandshakeWithRetryAndSignalLostCheck(
+                handshakeHandler,
+                key,
+                new ActionOverBle.Builder()
+                        .setVerificationData(BluetoothAddress.decode(mBleAddress))
+                        .setAdditionalDataType(additionalDataType)
+                        .build(),
+                /* withRetry= */ false);
+    }
+
+    private HandshakeHandler prepareForHandshake() {
+        if (mGattConnectionManager == null) {
+            mGattConnectionManager =
+                    new GattConnectionManager(
+                            mContext,
+                            mPreferences,
+                            mEventLogger,
+                            mBluetoothAdapter,
+                            this::toggleBluetooth,
+                            mBleAddress,
+                            mTimingLogger,
+                            mFastPairSignalChecker,
+                            isPairingWithAntiSpoofingPublicKey());
+        }
+        if (mHandshakeHandlerForTest != null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Use handshakeHandlerForTest!");
+            return verifyNotNull(mHandshakeHandlerForTest);
+        }
+        return new HandshakeHandler(
+                mGattConnectionManager, mBleAddress, mPreferences, mEventLogger,
+                mFastPairSignalChecker);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void setHandshakeHandlerForTest(@Nullable HandshakeHandler handshakeHandlerForTest) {
+        this.mHandshakeHandlerForTest = handshakeHandlerForTest;
+    }
+
+    private SharedSecret performHandshakeWithRetryAndSignalLostCheck(
+            HandshakeHandler handshakeHandler,
+            byte[] key,
+            HandshakeMessage handshakeMessage,
+            boolean withRetry)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException, ExecutionException, BluetoothException,
+            InterruptedException, TimeoutException, PairingException {
+        SharedSecret handshakeResult =
+                withRetry
+                        ? handshakeHandler.doHandshakeWithRetryAndSignalLostCheck(
+                        key, handshakeMessage, mRescueFromError)
+                        : handshakeHandler.doHandshake(key, handshakeMessage);
+        // TODO: Try to remove these two global variables, publicAddress and pairingSecret.
+        mPublicAddress = handshakeResult.getAddress();
+        mPairingSecret = handshakeResult.getKey();
+        return handshakeResult;
+    }
+
+    private void toggleBluetooth()
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
+        if (!mPreferences.getToggleBluetoothOnFailure()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Log.i(TAG, "Turning Bluetooth off.");
+        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.DISABLE_BLUETOOTH);
+        mBluetoothAdapter.unwrap().disable();
+        disableBle(mBluetoothAdapter.unwrap());
+        try {
+            waitForBluetoothState(android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF);
+            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+            // Soldier on despite failing to turn off Bluetooth. We can't control whether other
+            // clients (even inside GCore) kept it enabled in BLE-only mode.
+            Log.w(TAG, "Bluetooth still on. BluetoothAdapter state="
+                    + getBleState(mBluetoothAdapter.unwrap()), e);
+        }
+
+        // Note: Intentionally don't re-enable BLE-only mode, because we don't know which app
+        // enabled it. The client app should listen to Bluetooth events and enable as necessary
+        // (because the user can toggle at any time; e.g. via Airplane mode).
+        Log.i(TAG, "Turning Bluetooth on.");
+        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.ENABLE_BLUETOOTH);
+        mBluetoothAdapter.unwrap().enable();
+        waitForBluetoothState(android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON);
+        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+    }
+
+    private void waitForBluetoothState(int state)
+            throws TimeoutException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
+        waitForBluetoothStateUsingPolling(state);
+    }
+
+    private void waitForBluetoothStateUsingPolling(int state) throws TimeoutException {
+        // There's a bug where we (pretty often!) never get the broadcast for STATE_ON or STATE_OFF.
+        // So poll instead.
+        long start = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        long timeoutMillis = mPreferences.getBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds() * 1000L;
+        while (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - start < timeoutMillis) {
+            if (state == getBleState(mBluetoothAdapter.unwrap())) {
+                break;
+            }
+            SystemClock.sleep(mPreferences.getBluetoothStatePollingMillis());
+        }
+
+        if (state != getBleState(mBluetoothAdapter.unwrap())) {
+            throw new TimeoutException(
+                    String.format(
+                            Locale.getDefault(),
+                            "Timed out waiting for state %d, current state is %d",
+                            state,
+                            getBleState(mBluetoothAdapter.unwrap())));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private BrEdrHandoverInformation getBrEdrHandoverInformation(BluetoothGattConnection connection)
+            throws BluetoothException, TdsException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException,
+            TimeoutException {
+        Log.i(TAG, "Connecting GATT server to BLE address=" + maskBluetoothAddress(mBleAddress));
+        Log.i(TAG, "Telling device to become discoverable");
+        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.BR_EDR_HANDOVER_WRITE_CONTROL_POINT_REQUEST);
+        ChangeObserver changeObserver =
+                connection.enableNotification(
+                        TransportDiscoveryService.ID,
+                        TransportDiscoveryService.ControlPointCharacteristic.ID);
+        connection.writeCharacteristic(
+                TransportDiscoveryService.ID,
+                TransportDiscoveryService.ControlPointCharacteristic.ID,
+                TDS_CONTROL_POINT_REQUEST);
+
+        byte[] response =
+                changeObserver.waitForUpdate(
+                        TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(mPreferences.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds()));
+        @ResultCode int resultCode = fromTdsControlPointIndication(response);
+        if (resultCode != ResultCode.SUCCESS) {
+            throw new TdsException(
+                    BrEdrHandoverErrorCode.CONTROL_POINT_RESULT_CODE_NOT_SUCCESS,
+                    "TDS Control Point result code (%s) was not success in response %s",
+                    resultCode,
+                    base16().lowerCase().encode(response));
+        }
+        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+        return new BrEdrHandoverInformation(
+                getAddressFromBrEdrConnection(connection),
+                getProfilesFromBrEdrConnection(connection));
+    }
+
+    private byte[] getAddressFromBrEdrConnection(BluetoothGattConnection connection)
+            throws BluetoothException, TdsException {
+        Log.i(TAG, "Getting Bluetooth MAC");
+        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.BR_EDR_HANDOVER_READ_BLUETOOTH_MAC);
+        byte[] brHandoverData =
+                connection.readCharacteristic(
+                        TransportDiscoveryService.ID,
+                        to128BitUuid(mPreferences.getBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId()));
+        if (brHandoverData == null || brHandoverData.length < 7) {
+            throw new TdsException(
+                    BrEdrHandoverErrorCode.BLUETOOTH_MAC_INVALID,
+                    "Bluetooth MAC not contained in BR handover data: %s",
+                    brHandoverData != null ? base16().lowerCase().encode(brHandoverData)
+                            : "(none)");
+        }
+        byte[] bluetoothAddress =
+                new Bytes.Value(Arrays.copyOfRange(brHandoverData, 1, 7), ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+                        .getBytes(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
+        mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+        return bluetoothAddress;
+    }
+
+    private short[] getProfilesFromBrEdrConnection(BluetoothGattConnection connection) {
+        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.BR_EDR_HANDOVER_READ_TRANSPORT_BLOCK);
+        try {
+            byte[] transportBlock =
+                    connection.readDescriptor(
+                            TransportDiscoveryService.ID,
+                            to128BitUuid(mPreferences.getBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId()),
+                            to128BitUuid(mPreferences.getBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId()));
+            Log.i(TAG, "Got transport block: " + base16().lowerCase().encode(transportBlock));
+            short[] profiles = getSupportedProfiles(transportBlock);
+            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+            return profiles;
+        } catch (BluetoothException | TdsException | ParseException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Failed to get supported profiles from transport block.", e);
+            mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+        }
+        return new short[0];
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    boolean writeNameToProvider(@Nullable String deviceName, @Nullable String address)
+            throws InterruptedException, TimeoutException, ExecutionException {
+        if (deviceName == null || address == null) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "writeNameToProvider fail because provider name or address is null.");
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (mPairingSecret == null) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "writeNameToProvider fail because no pairingSecret.");
+            return false;
+        }
+        byte[] encryptedDeviceNamePacket;
+        try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Encode device name")) {
+            encryptedDeviceNamePacket =
+                    NamingEncoder.encodeNamingPacket(mPairingSecret, deviceName);
+        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Failed to encrypt device name.", e);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 1; i <= mPreferences.getNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts(); i++) {
+            mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.WRITE_DEVICE_NAME);
+            try {
+                writeDeviceName(encryptedDeviceNamePacket, address);
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                return true;
+            } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "Error writing name attempt " + i + " of "
+                        + mPreferences.getNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts());
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+                // Reuses the existing preference because the same usage.
+                Thread.sleep(mPreferences.getWriteAccountKeySleepMillis());
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private void writeAccountKey(byte[] encryptedAccountKey, String address)
+            throws BluetoothException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
+        Log.i(TAG, "Writing account key to address=" + maskBluetoothAddress(address));
+        BluetoothGattConnection connection = mGattConnectionManager.getConnection();
+        connection.setOperationTimeout(
+                TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(mPreferences.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds()));
+        UUID characteristicUuid = AccountKeyCharacteristic.getId(connection);
+        connection.writeCharacteristic(FastPairService.ID, characteristicUuid, encryptedAccountKey);
+        Log.i(TAG,
+                "Finished writing encrypted account key=" + base16().encode(encryptedAccountKey));
+    }
+
+    private void writeDeviceName(byte[] naming, String address)
+            throws BluetoothException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
+        Log.i(TAG, "Writing new device name to address=" + maskBluetoothAddress(address));
+        BluetoothGattConnection connection = mGattConnectionManager.getConnection();
+        connection.setOperationTimeout(
+                TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(mPreferences.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds()));
+        UUID characteristicUuid = NameCharacteristic.getId(connection);
+        connection.writeCharacteristic(FastPairService.ID, characteristicUuid, naming);
+        Log.i(TAG, "Finished writing new device name=" + base16().encode(naming));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads firmware version after write account key to provider since simulator is more stable to
+     * read firmware version in initial gatt connection. This function will also read firmware when
+     * detect bloomfilter. Need to verify this after real device come out. TODO(b/130592473)
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String readFirmwareVersion()
+            throws BluetoothException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
+        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(sInitialConnectionFirmwareVersion)) {
+            String result = sInitialConnectionFirmwareVersion;
+            sInitialConnectionFirmwareVersion = null;
+            return result;
+        }
+        if (mGattConnectionManager == null) {
+            mGattConnectionManager =
+                    new GattConnectionManager(
+                            mContext,
+                            mPreferences,
+                            mEventLogger,
+                            mBluetoothAdapter,
+                            this::toggleBluetooth,
+                            mBleAddress,
+                            mTimingLogger,
+                            mFastPairSignalChecker,
+                            /* setMtu= */ true);
+            mGattConnectionManager.closeConnection();
+        }
+        if (sTestMode) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        BluetoothGattConnection connection = mGattConnectionManager.getConnection();
+        connection.setOperationTimeout(
+                TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(mPreferences.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds()));
+
+        try {
+            String firmwareVersion =
+                    new String(
+                            connection.readCharacteristic(
+                                    FastPairService.ID,
+                                    to128BitUuid(
+                                            mPreferences.getFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId())));
+            Log.i(TAG, "FastPair: Got the firmware info version number = " + firmwareVersion);
+            mGattConnectionManager.closeConnection();
+            return firmwareVersion;
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "FastPair: can't read firmware characteristic.", e);
+            mGattConnectionManager.closeConnection();
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    @Nullable
+    String getInitialConnectionFirmware() {
+        return sInitialConnectionFirmwareVersion;
+    }
+
+    private void registerNotificationForNamePacket()
+            throws BluetoothException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
+        Log.i(TAG,
+                "register for the device name response from address=" + maskBluetoothAddress(
+                        mBleAddress));
+
+        BluetoothGattConnection gattConnection = mGattConnectionManager.getConnection();
+        gattConnection.setOperationTimeout(
+                TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(mPreferences.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds()));
+        try {
+            mDeviceNameReceiver = new DeviceNameReceiver(gattConnection);
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Can't register for device name response, no naming characteristic.");
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private short[] getSupportedProfiles(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        short[] supportedProfiles = getCachedUuids(device);
+        if (supportedProfiles.length == 0 && mPreferences.getNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded() > 0) {
+            supportedProfiles =
+                    attemptGetBluetoothClassicProfiles(device,
+                            mPreferences.getNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded());
+        }
+        if (supportedProfiles.length == 0) {
+            supportedProfiles = Constants.getSupportedProfiles();
+            Log.w(TAG, "Attempting to connect constants profiles, "
+                    + Arrays.toString(supportedProfiles));
+        } else {
+            Log.i(TAG,
+                    "Attempting to connect device profiles, " + Arrays.toString(supportedProfiles));
+        }
+        return supportedProfiles;
+    }
+
+    private static short[] getSupportedProfiles(byte[] transportBlock)
+            throws TdsException, ParseException {
+        if (transportBlock == null || transportBlock.length < 4) {
+            throw new TdsException(
+                    BrEdrHandoverErrorCode.TRANSPORT_BLOCK_INVALID,
+                    "Transport Block null or too short: %s",
+                    base16().lowerCase().encode(transportBlock));
+        }
+        int transportDataLength = transportBlock[2];
+        if (transportBlock.length < 3 + transportDataLength) {
+            throw new TdsException(
+                    BrEdrHandoverErrorCode.TRANSPORT_BLOCK_INVALID,
+                    "Transport Block has wrong length byte: %s",
+                    base16().lowerCase().encode(transportBlock));
+        }
+        byte[] transportData = Arrays.copyOfRange(transportBlock, 3, 3 + transportDataLength);
+        for (Ltv ltv : Ltv.parse(transportData)) {
+            int uuidLength = uuidLength(ltv.mType);
+            // We currently only support a single list of 2-byte UUIDs.
+            // TODO(b/37539535): Support multiple lists, and longer (32-bit, 128-bit) IDs?
+            if (uuidLength == 2) {
+                return toShorts(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN, ltv.mValue);
+            }
+        }
+        return new short[0];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns 0 if the type is not one of the UUID list types; otherwise returns length in bytes.
+     */
+    private static int uuidLength(byte dataType) {
+        switch (dataType) {
+            case TransportDiscoveryService.SERVICE_UUIDS_16_BIT_LIST_TYPE:
+                return 2;
+            case TransportDiscoveryService.SERVICE_UUIDS_32_BIT_LIST_TYPE:
+                return 4;
+            case TransportDiscoveryService.SERVICE_UUIDS_128_BIT_LIST_TYPE:
+                return 16;
+            default:
+                return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private short[] attemptGetBluetoothClassicProfiles(BluetoothDevice device, int numSdpAttempts) {
+        // The docs say that if fetchUuidsWithSdp() has an error or "takes a long time", we get an
+        // intent containing only the stuff in the cache (i.e. nothing). Retry a few times.
+        short[] supportedProfiles = null;
+        for (int i = 1; i <= numSdpAttempts; i++) {
+            mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.GET_PROFILES_VIA_SDP);
+            try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming =
+                    new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger,
+                            "Get BR/EDR handover information via SDP #" + i)) {
+                supportedProfiles = getSupportedProfilesViaBluetoothClassic(device);
+            } catch (ExecutionException | InterruptedException | TimeoutException e) {
+                // Ignores and retries if needed.
+            }
+            if (supportedProfiles != null && supportedProfiles.length != 0) {
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                break;
+            } else {
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(new TimeoutException());
+                Log.w(TAG, "SDP returned no UUIDs from " + maskBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress())
+                        + ", assuming timeout (attempt " + i + " of " + numSdpAttempts + ").");
+            }
+        }
+        return (supportedProfiles == null) ? new short[0] : supportedProfiles;
+    }
+
+    private short[] getSupportedProfilesViaBluetoothClassic(BluetoothDevice device)
+            throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
+        Log.i(TAG, "Getting supported profiles via SDP (Bluetooth Classic) for "
+                + maskBluetoothAddress(device.getAddress()));
+        try (DeviceIntentReceiver supportedProfilesReceiver =
+                DeviceIntentReceiver.oneShotReceiver(
+                        mContext, mPreferences, device, BluetoothDevice.ACTION_UUID)) {
+            device.fetchUuidsWithSdp();
+            supportedProfilesReceiver.await(mPreferences.getSdpTimeoutSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+        }
+        return getCachedUuids(device);
+    }
+
+    private static short[] getCachedUuids(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        ParcelUuid[] parcelUuids = device.getUuids();
+        Log.i(TAG, "Got supported UUIDs: " + Arrays.toString(parcelUuids));
+        if (parcelUuids == null) {
+            // The OS can return null.
+            parcelUuids = new ParcelUuid[0];
+        }
+
+        List<Short> shortUuids = new ArrayList<>(parcelUuids.length);
+        for (ParcelUuid parcelUuid : parcelUuids) {
+            UUID uuid = parcelUuid.getUuid();
+            if (BluetoothUuids.is16BitUuid(uuid)) {
+                shortUuids.add(get16BitUuid(uuid));
+            }
+        }
+        return Shorts.toArray(shortUuids);
+    }
+
+    private void callbackOnPaired() {
+        if (mPairedCallback != null) {
+            mPairedCallback.onPaired(mPublicAddress != null ? mPublicAddress : mBleAddress);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void callbackOnGetAddress(String address) {
+        if (mOnGetBluetoothAddressCallback != null) {
+            mOnGetBluetoothAddressCallback.onGetBluetoothAddress(address);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean validateBluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+            BluetoothGattConnection connection, UUID characteristicUUID) {
+        try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming =
+                new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Get service characteristic list")) {
+            List<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> serviceCharacteristicList =
+                    connection.getService(FastPairService.ID).getCharacteristics();
+            for (BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic : serviceCharacteristicList) {
+                if (characteristicUUID.equals(characteristic.getUuid())) {
+                    Log.i(TAG, "characteristic is exists, uuid = " + characteristicUUID);
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Can't get service characteristic list.", e);
+        }
+        Log.i(TAG, "can't find characteristic, uuid = " + characteristicUUID);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // This method is only for testing to make test method block until get name response or time
+    // out.
+    /**
+     * Set name response countdown latch.
+     */
+    public void setNameResponseCountDownLatch(CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
+        if (mDeviceNameReceiver != null) {
+            mDeviceNameReceiver.setCountDown(countDownLatch);
+            Log.v(TAG, "set up nameResponseCountDown");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int getBleState(android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter) {
+        // Can't use the public isLeEnabled() API, because it returns false for
+        // STATE_BLE_TURNING_(ON|OFF). So if we assume false == STATE_OFF, that can be
+        // very wrong.
+        return getLeState(bluetoothAdapter);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static int getLeState(android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter adapter) {
+        try {
+            return (Integer) Reflect.on(adapter).withMethod("getLeState").get();
+        } catch (ReflectionException e) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Can't call getLeState", e);
+        }
+        return adapter.getState();
+    }
+
+    private static void disableBle(android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter adapter) {
+        adapter.disableBLE();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the searching of Fast Pair history. Since there is only one public address using
+     * during Fast Pair connection, {@link #isInPairedHistory(String)} only needs to be called once,
+     * then the result is kept, and call {@link #getExistingAccountKey()} to get the result.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final class FastPairHistoryFinder {
+
+        private @Nullable
+        byte[] mExistingAccountKey;
+        @Nullable
+        private final List<FastPairHistoryItem> mHistoryItems;
+
+        FastPairHistoryFinder(List<FastPairHistoryItem> historyItems) {
+            this.mHistoryItems = historyItems;
+        }
+
+        @WorkerThread
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        boolean isInPairedHistory(String publicAddress) {
+            if (mHistoryItems == null || mHistoryItems.isEmpty()) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            for (FastPairHistoryItem item : mHistoryItems) {
+                if (item.isMatched(BluetoothAddress.decode(publicAddress))) {
+                    mExistingAccountKey = item.accountKey().toByteArray();
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // This function should be called after isInPairedHistory(). Or it will just return null.
+        @WorkerThread
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        @Nullable
+        byte[] getExistingAccountKey() {
+            return mExistingAccountKey;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class DeviceNameReceiver {
+
+        @GuardedBy("this")
+        private @Nullable
+        byte[] mEncryptedResponse;
+
+        @GuardedBy("this")
+        @Nullable
+        private String mDecryptedDeviceName;
+
+        @Nullable
+        private CountDownLatch mResponseCountDown;
+
+        DeviceNameReceiver(BluetoothGattConnection gattConnection) throws BluetoothException {
+            UUID characteristicUuid = NameCharacteristic.getId(gattConnection);
+            ChangeObserver observer =
+                    gattConnection.enableNotification(FastPairService.ID, characteristicUuid);
+            observer.setListener(
+                    (byte[] value) -> {
+                        synchronized (DeviceNameReceiver.this) {
+                            Log.i(TAG, "DeviceNameReceiver: device name response size = "
+                                    + value.length);
+                            // We don't decrypt it here because we may not finish handshaking and
+                            // the pairing
+                            // secret is not available.
+                            mEncryptedResponse = value;
+                        }
+                        // For testing to know we get the device name from provider.
+                        if (mResponseCountDown != null) {
+                            mResponseCountDown.countDown();
+                            Log.v(TAG, "Finish nameResponseCountDown.");
+                        }
+                    });
+        }
+
+        void setCountDown(CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
+            this.mResponseCountDown = countDownLatch;
+        }
+
+        synchronized @Nullable String getParsedResult(byte[] secret) {
+            if (mDecryptedDeviceName != null) {
+                return mDecryptedDeviceName;
+            }
+            if (mEncryptedResponse == null) {
+                Log.i(TAG, "DeviceNameReceiver: no device name sent from the Provider.");
+                return null;
+            }
+            try {
+                mDecryptedDeviceName = NamingEncoder.decodeNamingPacket(secret, mEncryptedResponse);
+                Log.i(TAG, "DeviceNameReceiver: decrypted provider's name from naming response, "
+                        + "name = " + mDecryptedDeviceName);
+            } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "DeviceNameReceiver: fail to parse the NameCharacteristic from provider"
+                        + ".", e);
+                return null;
+            }
+            return mDecryptedDeviceName;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static void checkFastPairSignal(
+            FastPairSignalChecker fastPairSignalChecker,
+            String currentAddress,
+            Exception originalException)
+            throws SignalLostException, SignalRotatedException {
+        String newAddress = fastPairSignalChecker.getValidAddressForModelId(currentAddress);
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(newAddress)) {
+            throw new SignalLostException("Signal lost", originalException);
+        } else if (!Ascii.equalsIgnoreCase(currentAddress, newAddress)) {
+            throw new SignalRotatedException("Address rotated", newAddress, originalException);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public Preferences getPreferences() {
+        return mPreferences;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairHistoryItem.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairHistoryItem.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e774886
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairHistoryItem.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import com.google.common.hash.Hashing;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * It contains the sha256 of "account key + headset's public address" to identify the headset which
+ * has paired with the account. Previously, account key is the only information for Fast Pair to
+ * identify the headset, but Fast Pair can't identify the headset in initial pairing, there is no
+ * account key data advertising from headset.
+ */
+public class FastPairHistoryItem {
+
+    private final ByteString mAccountKey;
+    private final ByteString mSha256AccountKeyPublicAddress;
+
+    FastPairHistoryItem(ByteString accountkey, ByteString sha256AccountKeyPublicAddress) {
+        mAccountKey = accountkey;
+        mSha256AccountKeyPublicAddress = sha256AccountKeyPublicAddress;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates an instance of {@link FastPairHistoryItem}.
+     *
+     * @param accountKey key of an account that has paired with the headset.
+     * @param sha256AccountKeyPublicAddress hash value of account key and headset's public address.
+     */
+    public static FastPairHistoryItem create(
+            ByteString accountKey, ByteString sha256AccountKeyPublicAddress) {
+        return new FastPairHistoryItem(accountKey, sha256AccountKeyPublicAddress);
+    }
+
+    ByteString accountKey() {
+        return mAccountKey;
+    }
+
+    ByteString sha256AccountKeyPublicAddress() {
+        return mSha256AccountKeyPublicAddress;
+    }
+
+    // Return true if the input public address is considered the same as this history item. Because
+    // of privacy concern, Fast Pair does not really store the public address, it is identified by
+    // the SHA256 of the account key and the public key.
+    final boolean isMatched(byte[] publicAddress) {
+        return Arrays.equals(
+                sha256AccountKeyPublicAddress().toByteArray(),
+                Hashing.sha256().hashBytes(concat(accountKey().toByteArray(), publicAddress))
+                        .asBytes());
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/GattConnectionManager.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/GattConnectionManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7ce4bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/GattConnectionManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.AES_BLOCK_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairDualConnection.logRetrySuccessEvent;
+
+import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+import androidx.core.util.Consumer;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothTimeoutException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.TimingLogger.ScopedTiming;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattHelper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattHelper.ConnectionOptions;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.BluetoothOperationTimeoutException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs.ErrorCode;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+/**
+ * Manager for working with Gatt connections.
+ *
+ * <p>This helper class allows for opening and closing GATT connections to a provided address.
+ * Optionally, it can also support automatically reopening a connection in the case that it has been
+ * closed when it's next needed through {@link Preferences#getAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded}.
+ */
+// TODO(b/202524672): Add class unit test.
+final class GattConnectionManager {
+
+    private static final String TAG = GattConnectionManager.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final Preferences mPreferences;
+    private final EventLoggerWrapper mEventLogger;
+    private final BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
+    private final ToggleBluetoothTask mToggleBluetooth;
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final TimingLogger mTimingLogger;
+    private final boolean mSetMtu;
+    @Nullable
+    private final FastPairConnection.FastPairSignalChecker mFastPairSignalChecker;
+    @Nullable
+    private BluetoothGattConnection mGattConnection;
+    private static boolean sTestMode = false;
+
+    static void enableTestMode() {
+        sTestMode = true;
+    }
+
+    GattConnectionManager(
+            Context context,
+            Preferences preferences,
+            EventLoggerWrapper eventLogger,
+            BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter,
+            ToggleBluetoothTask toggleBluetooth,
+            String address,
+            TimingLogger timingLogger,
+            @Nullable FastPairConnection.FastPairSignalChecker fastPairSignalChecker,
+            boolean setMtu) {
+        this.mContext = context;
+        this.mPreferences = preferences;
+        this.mEventLogger = eventLogger;
+        this.mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothAdapter;
+        this.mToggleBluetooth = toggleBluetooth;
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mTimingLogger = timingLogger;
+        this.mFastPairSignalChecker = fastPairSignalChecker;
+        this.mSetMtu = setMtu;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a gatt connection to address. If this connection does not exist, it creates one.
+     */
+    BluetoothGattConnection getConnection()
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException, BluetoothException {
+        if (mGattConnection == null) {
+            try {
+                mGattConnection =
+                        connect(mAddress, /* checkSignalWhenFail= */ false,
+                                /* rescueFromError= */ null);
+            } catch (SignalLostException | SignalRotatedException e) {
+                // Impossible to happen here because we didn't do signal check.
+                throw new ExecutionException("getConnection throws SignalLostException", e);
+            }
+        }
+        return mGattConnection;
+    }
+
+    BluetoothGattConnection getConnectionWithSignalLostCheck(
+            @Nullable Consumer<Integer> rescueFromError)
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException, BluetoothException,
+            SignalLostException, SignalRotatedException {
+        if (mGattConnection == null) {
+            mGattConnection = connect(mAddress, /* checkSignalWhenFail= */ true,
+                    rescueFromError);
+        }
+        return mGattConnection;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Closes the gatt connection when it is open.
+     */
+    void closeConnection() throws BluetoothException {
+        if (mGattConnection != null) {
+            try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Close GATT")) {
+                mGattConnection.close();
+                mGattConnection = null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private BluetoothGattConnection connect(
+            String address, boolean checkSignalWhenFail,
+            @Nullable Consumer<Integer> rescueFromError)
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException, BluetoothException,
+            SignalLostException, SignalRotatedException {
+        int i = 1;
+        boolean isRecoverable = true;
+        long startElapsedRealtime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        BluetoothException lastException = null;
+        mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.GATT_CONNECT);
+        while (isRecoverable) {
+            try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming =
+                    new ScopedTiming(mTimingLogger, "Connect GATT #" + i)) {
+                Log.i(TAG, "Connecting to GATT server at " + maskBluetoothAddress(address));
+                if (sTestMode) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+                BluetoothGattConnection connection =
+                        new BluetoothGattHelper(mContext, mBluetoothAdapter)
+                                .connect(
+                                        mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address),
+                                        getConnectionOptions(startElapsedRealtime));
+                connection.setOperationTimeout(
+                        TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(mPreferences.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds()));
+                if (mPreferences.getAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded()) {
+                    connection.addCloseListener(
+                            () -> {
+                                Log.i(TAG, "Gatt connection with " + maskBluetoothAddress(address)
+                                        + " closed.");
+                                mGattConnection = null;
+                            });
+                }
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                if (lastException != null) {
+                    logRetrySuccessEvent(EventCode.RECOVER_BY_RETRY_GATT, lastException,
+                            mEventLogger);
+                }
+                return connection;
+            } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                lastException = e;
+
+                boolean ableToRetry;
+                if (mPreferences.getGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis() > 0) {
+                    ableToRetry =
+                            (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startElapsedRealtime)
+                                    < mPreferences.getGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis();
+                    Log.i(TAG, "Retry connecting GATT by timeout: " + ableToRetry);
+                } else {
+                    ableToRetry = i < mPreferences.getNumAttempts();
+                }
+
+                if (mPreferences.getRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake()) {
+                    if (isNoRetryError(mPreferences, e)) {
+                        ableToRetry = false;
+                    }
+
+                    if (ableToRetry) {
+                        if (rescueFromError != null) {
+                            rescueFromError.accept(
+                                    e instanceof BluetoothOperationTimeoutException
+                                            ? ErrorCode.SUCCESS_RETRY_GATT_TIMEOUT
+                                            : ErrorCode.SUCCESS_RETRY_GATT_ERROR);
+                        }
+                        if (mFastPairSignalChecker != null && checkSignalWhenFail) {
+                            FastPairDualConnection
+                                    .checkFastPairSignal(mFastPairSignalChecker, address, e);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    isRecoverable = ableToRetry;
+                    if (ableToRetry && mPreferences.getPairingRetryDelayMs() > 0) {
+                        SystemClock.sleep(mPreferences.getPairingRetryDelayMs());
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    isRecoverable =
+                            ableToRetry
+                                    && (e instanceof BluetoothOperationTimeoutException
+                                    || e instanceof BluetoothTimeoutException
+                                    || (e instanceof BluetoothGattException
+                                    && ((BluetoothGattException) e).getGattErrorCode() == 133));
+                }
+                Log.w(TAG, "GATT connect attempt " + i + "of " + mPreferences.getNumAttempts()
+                        + " failed, " + (isRecoverable ? "recovering" : "permanently"), e);
+                if (isRecoverable) {
+                    // If we're going to retry, log failure here. If we throw, an upper level will
+                    // log it.
+                    mToggleBluetooth.toggleBluetooth();
+                    i++;
+                    mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+                    mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.GATT_CONNECT);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        throw checkNotNull(lastException);
+    }
+
+    static boolean isNoRetryError(Preferences preferences, BluetoothException e) {
+        return e instanceof BluetoothGattException
+                && preferences
+                .getGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError()
+                .contains(((BluetoothGattException) e).getGattErrorCode());
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    long getTimeoutMs(long spentTime) {
+        long timeoutInMs;
+        if (mPreferences.getRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake()) {
+            timeoutInMs =
+                    spentTime < mPreferences.getGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()
+                            ? mPreferences.getGattConnectShortTimeoutMs()
+                            : mPreferences.getGattConnectLongTimeoutMs();
+        } else {
+            timeoutInMs = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(mPreferences.getGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds());
+        }
+        return timeoutInMs;
+    }
+
+    private ConnectionOptions getConnectionOptions(long startElapsedRealtime) {
+        return createConnectionOptions(
+                mSetMtu,
+                getTimeoutMs(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startElapsedRealtime));
+    }
+
+    public static ConnectionOptions createConnectionOptions(boolean setMtu, long timeoutInMs) {
+        ConnectionOptions.Builder builder = ConnectionOptions.builder();
+        if (setMtu) {
+            // There are 3 overhead bytes added to BLE packets.
+            builder.setMtu(
+                    AES_BLOCK_LENGTH + EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH + 3);
+        }
+        builder.setConnectionTimeoutMillis(timeoutInMs);
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void setGattConnection(BluetoothGattConnection gattConnection) {
+        this.mGattConnection = gattConnection;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HandshakeHandler.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HandshakeHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..984133b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HandshakeHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,560 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.AES_BLOCK_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.decrypt;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.encrypt;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.ActionOverBleFlag.ADDITIONAL_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.ActionOverBleFlag.DEVICE_ACTION;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_INDEX;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.EVENT_ADDITIONAL_DATA_INDEX;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.EVENT_ADDITIONAL_DATA_LENGTH_INDEX;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.EVENT_CODE_INDEX;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.EVENT_GROUP_INDEX;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.FLAGS_INDEX;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.SEEKER_PUBLIC_ADDRESS_INDEX;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.TYPE_ACTION_OVER_BLE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.TYPE_INDEX;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.TYPE_KEY_BASED_PAIRING_REQUEST;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.VERIFICATION_DATA_INDEX;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.VERIFICATION_DATA_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairDualConnection.logRetrySuccessEvent;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.GattConnectionManager.isNoRetryError;
+
+import static com.google.common.base.Verify.verifyNotNull;
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS;
+
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+import androidx.core.util.Consumer;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothTimeoutException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.AdditionalDataCharacteristic.AdditionalDataType;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.ActionOverBleFlag;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairConnection.SharedSecret;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattConnection.ChangeObserver;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.BluetoothOperationTimeoutException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs.ErrorCode;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+/**
+ * Handles the handshake step of Fast Pair, the Provider's public address and the shared secret will
+ * be disclosed during this step. It is the first step of all key-based operations, e.g. key-based
+ * pairing and action over BLE.
+ *
+ * @see <a href="https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec#procedure">
+ *     Fastpair Spec Procedure</a>
+ */
+public class HandshakeHandler {
+
+    private static final String TAG = HandshakeHandler.class.getSimpleName();
+    private final GattConnectionManager mGattConnectionManager;
+    private final String mProviderBleAddress;
+    private final Preferences mPreferences;
+    private final EventLoggerWrapper mEventLogger;
+    @Nullable
+    private final FastPairConnection.FastPairSignalChecker mFastPairSignalChecker;
+
+    /**
+     * Keeps the keys used during handshaking, generated by {@link #createKey(byte[])}.
+     */
+    private static final class Keys {
+
+        private final byte[] mSharedSecret;
+        private final byte[] mPublicKey;
+
+        private Keys(byte[] sharedSecret, byte[] publicKey) {
+            this.mSharedSecret = sharedSecret;
+            this.mPublicKey = publicKey;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public HandshakeHandler(
+            GattConnectionManager gattConnectionManager,
+            String bleAddress,
+            Preferences preferences,
+            EventLoggerWrapper eventLogger,
+            @Nullable FastPairConnection.FastPairSignalChecker fastPairSignalChecker) {
+        this.mGattConnectionManager = gattConnectionManager;
+        this.mProviderBleAddress = bleAddress;
+        this.mPreferences = preferences;
+        this.mEventLogger = eventLogger;
+        this.mFastPairSignalChecker = fastPairSignalChecker;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a handshake to authenticate and get the remote device's public address. Returns the
+     * AES-128 key as the shared secret for this pairing session.
+     */
+    public SharedSecret doHandshake(byte[] key, HandshakeMessage message)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException,
+            TimeoutException, BluetoothException, PairingException {
+        Keys keys = createKey(key);
+        Log.i(TAG,
+                "Handshake " + maskBluetoothAddress(mProviderBleAddress) + ", flags "
+                        + message.mFlags);
+        byte[] handshakeResponse =
+                processGattCommunication(
+                        createPacket(keys, message),
+                        SECONDS.toMillis(mPreferences.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds()));
+        String providerPublicAddress = decodeResponse(keys.mSharedSecret, handshakeResponse);
+
+        return SharedSecret.create(keys.mSharedSecret, providerPublicAddress);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a handshake to authenticate and get the remote device's public address. Returns the
+     * AES-128 key as the shared secret for this pairing session. Will retry and also performs
+     * FastPair signal check if fails.
+     */
+    public SharedSecret doHandshakeWithRetryAndSignalLostCheck(
+            byte[] key, HandshakeMessage message, @Nullable Consumer<Integer> rescueFromError)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException,
+            TimeoutException, BluetoothException, PairingException {
+        Keys keys = createKey(key);
+        Log.i(TAG,
+                "Handshake " + maskBluetoothAddress(mProviderBleAddress) + ", flags "
+                        + message.mFlags);
+        int retryCount = 0;
+        byte[] handshakeResponse = null;
+        long startTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        BluetoothException lastException = null;
+        do {
+            try {
+                mEventLogger.setCurrentEvent(EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE_GATT_COMMUNICATION);
+                handshakeResponse =
+                        processGattCommunication(
+                                createPacket(keys, message),
+                                getTimeoutMs(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startTime));
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventSucceeded();
+                if (lastException != null) {
+                    logRetrySuccessEvent(EventCode.RECOVER_BY_RETRY_HANDSHAKE, lastException,
+                            mEventLogger);
+                }
+            } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                lastException = e;
+                long spentTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startTime;
+                Log.w(TAG, "Secret handshake failed, address="
+                        + maskBluetoothAddress(mProviderBleAddress)
+                        + ", spent time=" + spentTime + "ms, retryCount=" + retryCount);
+                mEventLogger.logCurrentEventFailed(e);
+
+                if (!mPreferences.getRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake()) {
+                    throw e;
+                }
+
+                if (spentTime > mPreferences.getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "Spent too long time for handshake, timeInMs=" + spentTime);
+                    throw e;
+                }
+                if (isNoRetryError(mPreferences, e)) {
+                    throw e;
+                }
+
+                if (mFastPairSignalChecker != null) {
+                    FastPairDualConnection
+                            .checkFastPairSignal(mFastPairSignalChecker, mProviderBleAddress, e);
+                }
+                retryCount++;
+                if (retryCount > mPreferences.getSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts()
+                        || ((e instanceof BluetoothOperationTimeoutException)
+                        && !mPreferences.getRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout())) {
+                    throw new HandshakeException("Fail on handshake!", e);
+                }
+                if (rescueFromError != null) {
+                    rescueFromError.accept(
+                            (e instanceof BluetoothTimeoutException
+                                    || e instanceof BluetoothOperationTimeoutException)
+                                    ? ErrorCode.SUCCESS_RETRY_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT
+                                    : ErrorCode.SUCCESS_RETRY_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_ERROR);
+                }
+            }
+        } while (mPreferences.getRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake()
+                && handshakeResponse == null);
+        if (retryCount > 0) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Secret handshake failed but restored by retry, retry count=" + retryCount);
+        }
+        String providerPublicAddress =
+                decodeResponse(keys.mSharedSecret, verifyNotNull(handshakeResponse));
+
+        return SharedSecret.create(keys.mSharedSecret, providerPublicAddress);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    long getTimeoutMs(long spentTime) {
+        if (!mPreferences.getRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake()) {
+            return SECONDS.toMillis(mPreferences.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds());
+        } else {
+            return spentTime < mPreferences.getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()
+                    ? mPreferences.getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs()
+                    : mPreferences.getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If the given key is an ecc-256 public key (currently, we are using secp256r1), the shared
+     * secret is generated by ECDH; if the input key is AES-128 key (should be the account key),
+     * then it is the shared secret.
+     */
+    private Keys createKey(byte[] key) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (key.length == EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH) {
+            EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange exchange = EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange
+                    .create();
+            byte[] publicKey = exchange.getPublicKey();
+            if (publicKey != null) {
+                Log.i(TAG, "Handshake " + maskBluetoothAddress(mProviderBleAddress)
+                        + ", generates key by ECDH.");
+            } else {
+                throw new GeneralSecurityException("Failed to do ECDH.");
+            }
+            return new Keys(exchange.generateSecret(key), publicKey);
+        } else if (key.length == AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.KEY_LENGTH) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Handshake " + maskBluetoothAddress(mProviderBleAddress)
+                    + ", using the given secret.");
+            return new Keys(key, new byte[0]);
+        } else {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException("Key length is not correct: " + key.length);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] createPacket(Keys keys, HandshakeMessage message)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] encryptedMessage = encrypt(keys.mSharedSecret, message.getBytes());
+        return concat(encryptedMessage, keys.mPublicKey);
+    }
+
+    private byte[] processGattCommunication(byte[] packet, long gattOperationTimeoutMS)
+            throws BluetoothException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
+        BluetoothGattConnection gattConnection = mGattConnectionManager.getConnection();
+        gattConnection.setOperationTimeout(gattOperationTimeoutMS);
+        UUID characteristicUuid = KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.getId(gattConnection);
+        ChangeObserver changeObserver =
+                gattConnection.enableNotification(FastPairService.ID, characteristicUuid);
+
+        Log.i(TAG,
+                "Writing handshake packet to address=" + maskBluetoothAddress(mProviderBleAddress));
+        gattConnection.writeCharacteristic(FastPairService.ID, characteristicUuid, packet);
+        Log.i(TAG, "Waiting handshake packet from address=" + maskBluetoothAddress(
+                mProviderBleAddress));
+        return changeObserver.waitForUpdate(gattOperationTimeoutMS);
+    }
+
+    private String decodeResponse(byte[] sharedSecret, byte[] response)
+            throws PairingException, GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (response.length != AES_BLOCK_LENGTH) {
+            throw new PairingException(
+                    "Handshake failed because of incorrect response: " + base16().encode(response));
+        }
+        // 1 byte type, 6 bytes public address, remainder random salt.
+        byte[] decryptedResponse = decrypt(sharedSecret, response);
+        if (decryptedResponse[0] != KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Response.TYPE) {
+            throw new PairingException(
+                    "Handshake response type incorrect: " + decryptedResponse[0]);
+        }
+        String address = BluetoothAddress.encode(Arrays.copyOfRange(decryptedResponse, 1, 7));
+        Log.i(TAG, "Handshake success with public " + maskBluetoothAddress(address) + ", ble "
+                + maskBluetoothAddress(mProviderBleAddress));
+        return address;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The base class for handshake message that contains the common data: message type, flags and
+     * verification data.
+     */
+    abstract static class HandshakeMessage {
+
+        final byte mType;
+        final byte mFlags;
+        private final byte[] mVerificationData;
+
+        HandshakeMessage(Builder<?> builder) {
+            this.mType = builder.mType;
+            this.mVerificationData = builder.mVerificationData;
+            this.mFlags = builder.mFlags;
+        }
+
+        abstract static class Builder<T extends Builder<T>> {
+
+            byte mType;
+            byte mFlags;
+            private byte[] mVerificationData;
+
+            abstract T getThis();
+
+            T setVerificationData(byte[] verificationData) {
+                if (verificationData.length != BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_LENGTH) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                            "Incorrect verification data length: " + verificationData.length + ".");
+                }
+                this.mVerificationData = verificationData;
+                return getThis();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Constructs the base handshake message according to the format of Fast Pair spec.
+         */
+        byte[] constructBaseBytes() {
+            byte[] rawMessage = new byte[Request.SIZE];
+            new SecureRandom().nextBytes(rawMessage);
+            rawMessage[TYPE_INDEX] = mType;
+            rawMessage[FLAGS_INDEX] = mFlags;
+
+            System.arraycopy(
+                    mVerificationData,
+                    /* srcPos= */ 0,
+                    rawMessage,
+                    VERIFICATION_DATA_INDEX,
+                    VERIFICATION_DATA_LENGTH);
+            return rawMessage;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the raw handshake message.
+         */
+        abstract byte[] getBytes();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Extends {@link HandshakeMessage} and contains the required data for key-based pairing
+     * request.
+     */
+    public static class KeyBasedPairingRequest extends HandshakeMessage {
+
+        @Nullable
+        private final byte[] mSeekerPublicAddress;
+
+        private KeyBasedPairingRequest(Builder builder) {
+            super(builder);
+            this.mSeekerPublicAddress = builder.mSeekerPublicAddress;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        byte[] getBytes() {
+            byte[] rawMessage = constructBaseBytes();
+            if (mSeekerPublicAddress != null) {
+                System.arraycopy(
+                        mSeekerPublicAddress,
+                        /* srcPos= */ 0,
+                        rawMessage,
+                        SEEKER_PUBLIC_ADDRESS_INDEX,
+                        BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_LENGTH);
+            }
+            Log.i(TAG,
+                    "Handshake Message: type (" + rawMessage[TYPE_INDEX] + "), flag ("
+                            + rawMessage[FLAGS_INDEX] + ").");
+            return rawMessage;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builder class for key-based pairing request.
+         */
+        public static class Builder extends HandshakeMessage.Builder<Builder> {
+
+            @Nullable
+            private byte[] mSeekerPublicAddress;
+
+            /**
+             * Adds flags without changing other flags.
+             */
+            public Builder addFlag(@KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag int flag) {
+                this.mFlags |= (byte) flag;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Set seeker's public address.
+             */
+            public Builder setSeekerPublicAddress(byte[] seekerPublicAddress) {
+                this.mSeekerPublicAddress = seekerPublicAddress;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Buulds KeyBasedPairigRequest.
+             */
+            public KeyBasedPairingRequest build() {
+                mType = TYPE_KEY_BASED_PAIRING_REQUEST;
+                return new KeyBasedPairingRequest(this);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            Builder getThis() {
+                return this;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Extends {@link HandshakeMessage} and contains the required data for action over BLE request.
+     */
+    public static class ActionOverBle extends HandshakeMessage {
+
+        private final byte mEventGroup;
+        private final byte mEventCode;
+        @Nullable
+        private final byte[] mEventData;
+        private final byte mAdditionalDataType;
+
+        private ActionOverBle(Builder builder) {
+            super(builder);
+            this.mEventGroup = builder.mEventGroup;
+            this.mEventCode = builder.mEventCode;
+            this.mEventData = builder.mEventData;
+            this.mAdditionalDataType = builder.mAdditionalDataType;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        byte[] getBytes() {
+            byte[] rawMessage = constructBaseBytes();
+            StringBuilder stringBuilder =
+                    new StringBuilder(
+                            String.format(
+                                    "type (%02X), flag (%02X)", rawMessage[TYPE_INDEX],
+                                    rawMessage[FLAGS_INDEX]));
+            if ((mFlags & (byte) DEVICE_ACTION) != 0) {
+                rawMessage[EVENT_GROUP_INDEX] = mEventGroup;
+                rawMessage[EVENT_CODE_INDEX] = mEventCode;
+
+                if (mEventData != null) {
+                    rawMessage[EVENT_ADDITIONAL_DATA_LENGTH_INDEX] = (byte) mEventData.length;
+                    System.arraycopy(
+                            mEventData,
+                            /* srcPos= */ 0,
+                            rawMessage,
+                            EVENT_ADDITIONAL_DATA_INDEX,
+                            mEventData.length);
+                } else {
+                    rawMessage[EVENT_ADDITIONAL_DATA_LENGTH_INDEX] = (byte) 0;
+                }
+                stringBuilder.append(
+                        String.format(
+                                ", group(%02X), code(%02X), length(%02X)",
+                                rawMessage[EVENT_GROUP_INDEX],
+                                rawMessage[EVENT_CODE_INDEX],
+                                rawMessage[EVENT_ADDITIONAL_DATA_LENGTH_INDEX]));
+            }
+            if ((mFlags & (byte) ADDITIONAL_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC) != 0) {
+                rawMessage[ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_INDEX] = mAdditionalDataType;
+                stringBuilder.append(
+                        String.format(", data id(%02X)", rawMessage[ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_INDEX]));
+            }
+            Log.i(TAG, "Handshake Message: " + stringBuilder);
+            return rawMessage;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builder class for action over BLE request.
+         */
+        public static class Builder extends HandshakeMessage.Builder<Builder> {
+
+            private byte mEventGroup;
+            private byte mEventCode;
+            @Nullable
+            private byte[] mEventData;
+            private byte mAdditionalDataType;
+
+            // Adds a flag to this handshake message. This can be called repeatedly for adding
+            // different preference.
+
+            /**
+             * Adds flag without changing other flags.
+             */
+            public Builder addFlag(@ActionOverBleFlag int flag) {
+                this.mFlags |= (byte) flag;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Set event group and event code.
+             */
+            public Builder setEvent(int eventGroup, int eventCode) {
+                this.mFlags |= (byte) DEVICE_ACTION;
+                this.mEventGroup = (byte) (eventGroup & 0xFF);
+                this.mEventCode = (byte) (eventCode & 0xFF);
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Set event additional data.
+             */
+            public Builder setEventAdditionalData(byte[] data) {
+                this.mEventData = data;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Set event additional data type.
+             */
+            public Builder setAdditionalDataType(@AdditionalDataType int additionalDataType) {
+                this.mFlags |= (byte) ADDITIONAL_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC;
+                this.mAdditionalDataType = (byte) additionalDataType;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            Builder getThis() {
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            ActionOverBle build() {
+                mType = TYPE_ACTION_OVER_BLE;
+                return new ActionOverBle(this);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Exception for handshake failure.
+     */
+    public static class HandshakeException extends PairingException {
+
+        private final BluetoothException mOriginalException;
+
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        HandshakeException(String format, BluetoothException e) {
+            super(format);
+            mOriginalException = e;
+        }
+
+        public BluetoothException getOriginalException() {
+            return mOriginalException;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HeadsetPiece.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HeadsetPiece.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26ff79f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HeadsetPiece.java
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import android.net.Uri;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.core.content.FileProvider;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * This class is subclass of real headset. It contains image url, battery value and charging
+ * status.
+ */
+public class HeadsetPiece implements Parcelable {
+    private int mLowLevelThreshold;
+    private int mBatteryLevel;
+    private String mImageUrl;
+    private boolean mCharging;
+    private Uri mImageContentUri;
+
+    private HeadsetPiece(
+            int lowLevelThreshold,
+            int batteryLevel,
+            String imageUrl,
+            boolean charging,
+            @Nullable Uri imageContentUri) {
+        this.mLowLevelThreshold = lowLevelThreshold;
+        this.mBatteryLevel = batteryLevel;
+        this.mImageUrl = imageUrl;
+        this.mCharging = charging;
+        this.mImageContentUri = imageContentUri;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a builder of HeadsetPiece.
+     */
+    public static HeadsetPiece.Builder builder() {
+        return new HeadsetPiece.Builder();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The low level threshold.
+     */
+    public int lowLevelThreshold() {
+        return mLowLevelThreshold;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The battery level.
+     */
+    public int batteryLevel() {
+        return mBatteryLevel;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The web URL of the image.
+     */
+    public String imageUrl() {
+        return mImageUrl;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether the headset is charging.
+     */
+    public boolean charging() {
+        return mCharging;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The content Uri of the image if it could be downloaded from the web URL and generated through
+     * {@link FileProvider#getUriForFile} successfully, otherwise null.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Uri imageContentUri() {
+        return mImageContentUri;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return whether battery is low or not.
+     */
+    public boolean isBatteryLow() {
+        return batteryLevel() <= lowLevelThreshold() && batteryLevel() >= 0 && !charging();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "HeadsetPiece{"
+                + "lowLevelThreshold=" + mLowLevelThreshold + ", "
+                + "batteryLevel=" + mBatteryLevel + ", "
+                + "imageUrl=" + mImageUrl + ", "
+                + "charging=" + mCharging + ", "
+                + "imageContentUri=" + mImageContentUri
+                + "}";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder function for headset piece.
+     */
+    public static class Builder {
+        private int mLowLevelThreshold;
+        private int mBatteryLevel;
+        private String mImageUrl;
+        private boolean mCharging;
+        private Uri mImageContentUri;
+
+        /**
+         * Set low level threshold.
+         */
+        public HeadsetPiece.Builder setLowLevelThreshold(int lowLevelThreshold) {
+            this.mLowLevelThreshold = lowLevelThreshold;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set battery level.
+         */
+        public HeadsetPiece.Builder setBatteryLevel(int level) {
+            this.mBatteryLevel = level;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set image url.
+         */
+        public HeadsetPiece.Builder setImageUrl(String url) {
+            this.mImageUrl = url;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set charging.
+         */
+        public HeadsetPiece.Builder setCharging(boolean charging) {
+            this.mCharging = charging;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set image content Uri.
+         */
+        public HeadsetPiece.Builder setImageContentUri(Uri uri) {
+            this.mImageContentUri = uri;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builds HeadSetPiece.
+         */
+        public HeadsetPiece build() {
+            return new HeadsetPiece(mLowLevelThreshold, mBatteryLevel, mImageUrl, mCharging,
+                    mImageContentUri);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public final void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
+        dest.writeString(imageUrl());
+        dest.writeInt(lowLevelThreshold());
+        dest.writeInt(batteryLevel());
+        // Writes 1 if charging, otherwise 0.
+        dest.writeByte((byte) (charging() ? 1 : 0));
+        dest.writeParcelable(imageContentUri(), flags);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public final int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public static final Creator<HeadsetPiece> CREATOR =
+            new Creator<HeadsetPiece>() {
+                @Override
+                public HeadsetPiece createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+                    String imageUrl = in.readString();
+                    return HeadsetPiece.builder()
+                            .setImageUrl(imageUrl != null ? imageUrl : "")
+                            .setLowLevelThreshold(in.readInt())
+                            .setBatteryLevel(in.readInt())
+                            .setCharging(in.readByte() != 0)
+                            .setImageContentUri(in.readParcelable(Uri.class.getClassLoader()))
+                            .build();
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public HeadsetPiece[] newArray(int size) {
+                    return new HeadsetPiece[size];
+                }
+            };
+
+    @Override
+    public final int hashCode() {
+        return Arrays.hashCode(
+                new Object[]{
+                        lowLevelThreshold(), batteryLevel(), imageUrl(), charging(),
+                        imageContentUri()
+                });
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public final boolean equals(@Nullable Object other) {
+        if (other == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (this == other) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (!(other instanceof HeadsetPiece)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        HeadsetPiece that = (HeadsetPiece) other;
+        return lowLevelThreshold() == that.lowLevelThreshold()
+                && batteryLevel() == that.batteryLevel()
+                && Objects.equals(imageUrl(), that.imageUrl())
+                && charging() == that.charging()
+                && Objects.equals(imageContentUri(), that.imageContentUri());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HmacSha256.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HmacSha256.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc7a300
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HmacSha256.java
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.KEY_LENGTH;
+
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+
+import javax.crypto.Mac;
+import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
+
+/**
+ * HMAC-SHA256 utility used to generate key-SHA256 based message authentication code. This is
+ * specific for Fast Pair GATT connection exchanging data to verify both the data integrity and the
+ * authentication of a message. It is defined as:
+ *
+ * <ol>
+ *   <li>SHA256(concat((key ^ opad),SHA256(concat((key ^ ipad), data)))), where
+ *   <li>key is the given secret extended to 64 bytes by concat(secret, ZEROS).
+ *   <li>opad is 64 bytes outer padding, consisting of repeated bytes valued 0x5c.
+ *   <li>ipad is 64 bytes inner padding, consisting of repeated bytes valued 0x36.
+ * </ol>
+ *
+ */
+final class HmacSha256 {
+    @VisibleForTesting static final int HMAC_SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE = 64;
+
+    private HmacSha256() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Generates the HMAC for given parameters, this is specific for Fast Pair GATT connection
+     * exchanging data which is encrypted using AES-CTR.
+     *
+     * @param secret 16 bytes shared secret.
+     * @param data the data encrypted using AES-CTR and the given nonce.
+     * @return HMAC-SHA256 result.
+     */
+    static byte[] build(byte[] secret, byte[] data) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        // Currently we only accept AES-128 key here, the second check is to secure we won't
+        // modify KEY_LENGTH to > HMAC_SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE by mistake.
+        if (secret.length != KEY_LENGTH) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException("Incorrect key length, should be the AES-128 key.");
+        }
+        if (KEY_LENGTH > HMAC_SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException("KEY_LENGTH > HMAC_SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE!");
+        }
+
+        return buildWith64BytesKey(secret, data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates the HMAC for given parameters, this is specific for Fast Pair GATT connection
+     * exchanging data which is encrypted using AES-CTR.
+     *
+     * @param secret 16 bytes shared secret.
+     * @param data the data encrypted using AES-CTR and the given nonce.
+     * @return HMAC-SHA256 result.
+     */
+    static byte[] buildWith64BytesKey(byte[] secret, byte[] data) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (secret.length > HMAC_SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException("KEY_LENGTH > HMAC_SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE!");
+        }
+
+        Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
+        SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(secret, "HmacSHA256");
+        mac.init(keySpec);
+
+        return mac.doFinal(data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constant-time HMAC comparison to prevent a possible timing attack, e.g. time the same MAC
+     * with all different first byte for a given ciphertext, the right one will take longer as it
+     * will fail on the second byte's verification.
+     *
+     * @param hmac1 HMAC want to be compared with.
+     * @param hmac2 HMAC want to be compared with.
+     * @return true if and ony if the give 2 HMACs are identical and non-null.
+     */
+    static boolean compareTwoHMACs(byte[] hmac1, byte[] hmac2) {
+        if (hmac1 == null || hmac2 == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (hmac1.length != hmac2.length) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // This is for constant-time comparison, don't optimize it.
+        int res = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < hmac1.length; i++) {
+            res |= hmac1[i] ^ hmac2[i];
+        }
+        return res == 0;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Ltv.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Ltv.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88c9484
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Ltv.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+
+import com.google.common.primitives.Bytes;
+import com.google.errorprone.annotations.FormatMethod;
+import com.google.errorprone.annotations.FormatString;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * A length, type, value (LTV) data block.
+ */
+public class Ltv {
+
+    private static final int SIZE_OF_LEN_TYPE = 2;
+
+    final byte mType;
+    final byte[] mValue;
+
+    /**
+     * Thrown if there's an error during {@link #parse}.
+     */
+    public static class ParseException extends Exception {
+
+        @FormatMethod
+        private ParseException(@FormatString String format, Object... objects) {
+            super(String.format(format, objects));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor.
+     */
+    public Ltv(byte type, byte... value) {
+        this.mType = type;
+        this.mValue = value;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a list of LTV blocks out of the input byte block.
+     */
+    static List<Ltv> parse(byte[] bytes) throws ParseException {
+        List<Ltv> ltvs = new ArrayList<>();
+        // The "+ 2" is for the length and type bytes.
+        for (int valueLength, i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += SIZE_OF_LEN_TYPE + valueLength) {
+            // - 1 since the length in the packet includes the type byte.
+            valueLength = bytes[i] - 1;
+            if (valueLength < 0 || bytes.length < i + SIZE_OF_LEN_TYPE + valueLength) {
+                throw new ParseException(
+                        "Wrong length=%d at index=%d in LTVs=%s", bytes[i], i,
+                        base16().encode(bytes));
+            }
+            ltvs.add(new Ltv(bytes[i + 1], Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, i + SIZE_OF_LEN_TYPE,
+                    i + SIZE_OF_LEN_TYPE + valueLength)));
+        }
+        return ltvs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an LTV block, where length is mValue.length + 1 (for the type byte).
+     */
+    public byte[] getBytes() {
+        return Bytes.concat(new byte[]{(byte) (mValue.length + 1), mType}, mValue);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/MessageStreamHmacEncoder.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/MessageStreamHmacEncoder.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b04cf73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/MessageStreamHmacEncoder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateNonce;
+
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Message stream utilities for encoding raw packet with HMAC.
+ *
+ * <p>Encoded packet is:
+ *
+ * <ol>
+ *   <li>Packet[0 - (data length - 1)]: the raw data.
+ *   <li>Packet[data length - (data length + 7)]: the 8-byte message nonce.
+ *   <li>Packet[(data length + 8) - (data length + 15)]: the 8-byte of HMAC.
+ * </ol>
+ */
+public class MessageStreamHmacEncoder {
+    public static final int EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE = 8;
+    public static final int SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH = 8;
+
+    private MessageStreamHmacEncoder() {}
+
+    /** Encodes Message Packet. */
+    public static byte[] encodeMessagePacket(byte[] accountKey, byte[] sectionNonce, byte[] data)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        checkAccountKeyAndSectionNonce(accountKey, sectionNonce);
+
+        if (data == null || data.length == 0) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException("No input data for encodeMessagePacket");
+        }
+
+        byte[] messageNonce = generateNonce();
+        byte[] extractedHmac =
+                Arrays.copyOf(
+                        HmacSha256.buildWith64BytesKey(
+                                accountKey, concat(sectionNonce, messageNonce, data)),
+                        EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE);
+
+        return concat(data, messageNonce, extractedHmac);
+    }
+
+    /** Verifies Hmac. */
+    public static boolean verifyHmac(byte[] accountKey, byte[] sectionNonce, byte[] data)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        checkAccountKeyAndSectionNonce(accountKey, sectionNonce);
+        if (data == null) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException("data is null");
+        }
+        if (data.length <= EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE + SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException("data.length too short");
+        }
+
+        byte[] hmac = Arrays.copyOfRange(data, data.length - EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE, data.length);
+        byte[] messageNonce =
+                Arrays.copyOfRange(
+                        data,
+                        data.length - EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE - SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH,
+                        data.length - EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE);
+        byte[] rawData = Arrays.copyOf(
+                data, data.length - EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE - SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH);
+        return Arrays.equals(
+                Arrays.copyOf(
+                        HmacSha256.buildWith64BytesKey(
+                                accountKey, concat(sectionNonce, messageNonce, rawData)),
+                        EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE),
+                hmac);
+    }
+
+    private static void checkAccountKeyAndSectionNonce(byte[] accountKey, byte[] sectionNonce)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (accountKey == null || accountKey.length == 0) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Incorrect accountKey for encoding message packet, accountKey.length = "
+                            + (accountKey == null ? "NULL" : accountKey.length));
+        }
+
+        if (sectionNonce == null || sectionNonce.length != SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Incorrect sectionNonce for encoding message packet, sectionNonce.length = "
+                            + (sectionNonce == null ? "NULL" : sectionNonce.length));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/NamingEncoder.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/NamingEncoder.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1521be6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/NamingEncoder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.NONCE_SIZE;
+
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Utf8;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Naming utilities for encoding naming packet, decoding naming packet and verifying both the data
+ * integrity and the authentication of a message by checking HMAC.
+ *
+ * <p>Naming packet is:
+ *
+ * <ol>
+ *   <li>Naming_Packet[0 - 7]: the first 8-byte of HMAC.
+ *   <li>Naming_Packet[8 - var]: the encrypted name (with 8-byte nonce appended to the front).
+ * </ol>
+ */
+@TargetApi(VERSION_CODES.M)
+public final class NamingEncoder {
+
+    static final int EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE = 8;
+    static final int MAX_LENGTH_OF_NAME = 48;
+
+    private NamingEncoder() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the name to naming packet by the given secret.
+     *
+     * @param secret AES-128 key for encryption.
+     * @param name the given name to be encoded.
+     * @return the encrypted data with the 8-byte extracted HMAC appended to the front.
+     * @throws GeneralSecurityException if the given key or name is invalid for encoding.
+     */
+    public static byte[] encodeNamingPacket(byte[] secret, String name)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (secret == null || secret.length != AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.KEY_LENGTH) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Incorrect secret for encoding name packet, secret.length = "
+                            + (secret == null ? "NULL" : secret.length));
+        }
+
+        if ((name == null) || (name.length() == 0) || (Utf8.encodedLength(name)
+                > MAX_LENGTH_OF_NAME)) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Invalid name for encoding name packet, Utf8.encodedLength(name) = "
+                            + (name == null ? "NULL" : Utf8.encodedLength(name)));
+        }
+
+        byte[] encryptedData = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, name.getBytes(UTF_8));
+        byte[] extractedHmac =
+                Arrays.copyOf(HmacSha256.build(secret, encryptedData), EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE);
+
+        return concat(extractedHmac, encryptedData);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Decodes the name from naming packet by the given secret.
+     *
+     * @param secret AES-128 key used in the encryption to decrypt data.
+     * @param namingPacket naming packet which is encoded by the given secret..
+     * @return the name decoded from the given packet.
+     * @throws GeneralSecurityException if the given key or naming packet is invalid for decoding.
+     */
+    public static String decodeNamingPacket(byte[] secret, byte[] namingPacket)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        if (secret == null || secret.length != AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.KEY_LENGTH) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Incorrect secret for decoding name packet, secret.length = "
+                            + (secret == null ? "NULL" : secret.length));
+        }
+        if (namingPacket == null
+                || namingPacket.length <= EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE
+                || namingPacket.length > (MAX_LENGTH_OF_NAME + EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE + NONCE_SIZE)) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Naming packet size is incorrect, namingPacket.length is "
+                            + (namingPacket == null ? "NULL" : namingPacket.length));
+        }
+
+        if (!verifyHmac(secret, namingPacket)) {
+            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                    "Verify HMAC failed, could be incorrect key or naming packet.");
+        }
+        byte[] encryptedData = Arrays
+                .copyOfRange(namingPacket, EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE, namingPacket.length);
+        return new String(AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.decrypt(secret, encryptedData), UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    // Computes the HMAC of the given key and name, and compares the first 8-byte of the HMAC result
+    // with the one from name packet. Must call constant-time comparison to prevent a possible
+    // timing attack, e.g. time the same MAC with all different first byte for a given ciphertext,
+    // the right one will take longer as it will fail on the second byte's verification.
+    private static boolean verifyHmac(byte[] key, byte[] namingPacket)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] packetHmac = Arrays.copyOfRange(namingPacket, /* from= */ 0, EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE);
+        byte[] encryptedData = Arrays
+                .copyOfRange(namingPacket, EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE, namingPacket.length);
+        byte[] computedHmac = Arrays
+                .copyOf(HmacSha256.build(key, encryptedData), EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE);
+
+        return HmacSha256.compareTwoHMACs(packetHmac, computedHmac);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PairingException.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PairingException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..722dc85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PairingException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+/** Base class for pairing exceptions. */
+// TODO(b/200594968): convert exceptions into error codes to save memory.
+public class PairingException extends Exception {
+    PairingException(String format, Object... objects) {
+        super(String.format(format, objects));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PairingProgressListener.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PairingProgressListener.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..270cb42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PairingProgressListener.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import androidx.annotation.IntDef;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+
+/** Callback interface for pairing progress. */
+public interface PairingProgressListener {
+
+    /** Fast Pair Bond State. */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(
+            value = {
+                    PairingEvent.START,
+                    PairingEvent.SUCCESS,
+                    PairingEvent.FAILED,
+                    PairingEvent.UNKNOWN,
+            })
+    public @interface PairingEvent {
+        int START = 0;
+        int SUCCESS = 1;
+        int FAILED = 2;
+        int UNKNOWN = 3;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns enum based on the ordinal index. */
+    static @PairingEvent int fromOrdinal(int ordinal) {
+        switch (ordinal) {
+            case 0:
+                return PairingEvent.START;
+            case 1:
+                return PairingEvent.SUCCESS;
+            case 2:
+                return PairingEvent.FAILED;
+            case 3:
+                return PairingEvent.UNKNOWN;
+            default:
+                return PairingEvent.UNKNOWN;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Callback function upon pairing progress update. */
+    void onPairingProgressUpdating(@PairingEvent int event, String message);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PasskeyConfirmationHandler.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PasskeyConfirmationHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5807a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PasskeyConfirmationHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+
+/** Interface for getting the passkey confirmation request. */
+public interface PasskeyConfirmationHandler {
+    /** Called when getting the passkey confirmation request while pairing. */
+    void onPasskeyConfirmation(BluetoothDevice device, int passkey);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Preferences.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Preferences.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb5bad5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Preferences.java
@@ -0,0 +1,2216 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothUuids.get16BitUuid;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.FirmwareVersionCharacteristic;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import com.google.common.primitives.Shorts;
+
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Preferences that tweak the Fast Pairing process: timeouts, number of retries... All preferences
+ * have default values which should be reasonable for all clients.
+ */
+public class Preferences {
+
+    private final int mGattOperationTimeoutSeconds;
+    private final int mGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds;
+    private final int mBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds;
+    private final int mBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds;
+    private final int mClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds;
+    private final int mNumDiscoverAttempts;
+    private final int mDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds;
+    private final boolean mIgnoreDiscoveryError;
+    private final int mSdpTimeoutSeconds;
+    private final int mNumSdpAttempts;
+    private final int mNumCreateBondAttempts;
+    private final int mNumConnectAttempts;
+    private final int mNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts;
+    private final boolean mToggleBluetoothOnFailure;
+    private final boolean mBluetoothStateUsesPolling;
+    private final int mBluetoothStatePollingMillis;
+    private final int mNumAttempts;
+    private final boolean mEnableBrEdrHandover;
+    private final short mBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId;
+    private final short mBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId;
+    private final short mFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId;
+    private final short mBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId;
+    private final boolean mWaitForUuidsAfterBonding;
+    private final boolean mReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose;
+    private final int mRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds;
+    private final int mRemoveBondSleepMillis;
+    private final int mCreateBondTimeoutSeconds;
+    private final int mHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds;
+    private final int mProxyTimeoutSeconds;
+    private final boolean mRejectPhonebookAccess;
+    private final boolean mRejectMessageAccess;
+    private final boolean mRejectSimAccess;
+    private final int mWriteAccountKeySleepMillis;
+    private final boolean mSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey;
+    private final boolean mMoreEventLogForQuality;
+    private final boolean mRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake;
+    private final long mGattConnectShortTimeoutMs;
+    private final long mGattConnectLongTimeoutMs;
+    private final long mGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    private final long mAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    private final long mPairingRetryDelayMs;
+    private final long mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs;
+    private final long mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs;
+    private final long mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    private final long mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    private final long mSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts;
+    private final long mSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    private final long mSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    private final ImmutableSet<Integer> mGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError;
+    private final boolean mRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout;
+    private final boolean mLogUserManualRetry;
+    private final int mPairFailureCounts;
+    private final String mCachedDeviceAddress;
+    private final String mPossibleCachedDeviceAddress;
+    private final int mSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount;
+    private final boolean mIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache;
+    private final boolean mLogPairWithCachedModelId;
+    private final boolean mDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache;
+    private final boolean mAcceptPasskey;
+    private final byte[] mSupportedProfileUuids;
+    private final boolean mProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported;
+    private final boolean mAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded;
+    private final boolean mAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded;
+    private final boolean mSkipConnectingProfiles;
+    private final boolean mIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded;
+    private final boolean mSpecifyCreateBondTransportType;
+    private final int mCreateBondTransportType;
+    private final boolean mIncreaseIntentFilterPriority;
+    private final boolean mEvaluatePerformance;
+    private final Preferences.ExtraLoggingInformation mExtraLoggingInformation;
+    private final boolean mEnableNamingCharacteristic;
+    private final boolean mEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic;
+    private final boolean mKeepSameAccountKeyWrite;
+    private final boolean mIsRetroactivePairing;
+    private final int mNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded;
+    private final boolean mSupportHidDevice;
+    private final boolean mEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting;
+    private final boolean mAcceptConsentForFastPairOne;
+    private final int mGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis;
+    private final boolean mEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId;
+    private final boolean mEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator;
+    private final boolean mEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle;
+    private final boolean mCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles;
+    private final boolean mHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi;
+    private final boolean mEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection;
+
+    private Preferences(
+            int gattOperationTimeoutSeconds,
+            int gattConnectionTimeoutSeconds,
+            int bluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds,
+            int bluetoothToggleSleepSeconds,
+            int classicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds,
+            int numDiscoverAttempts,
+            int discoveryRetrySleepSeconds,
+            boolean ignoreDiscoveryError,
+            int sdpTimeoutSeconds,
+            int numSdpAttempts,
+            int numCreateBondAttempts,
+            int numConnectAttempts,
+            int numWriteAccountKeyAttempts,
+            boolean toggleBluetoothOnFailure,
+            boolean bluetoothStateUsesPolling,
+            int bluetoothStatePollingMillis,
+            int numAttempts,
+            boolean enableBrEdrHandover,
+            short brHandoverDataCharacteristicId,
+            short bluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId,
+            short firmwareVersionCharacteristicId,
+            short brTransportBlockDataDescriptorId,
+            boolean waitForUuidsAfterBonding,
+            boolean receiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose,
+            int removeBondTimeoutSeconds,
+            int removeBondSleepMillis,
+            int createBondTimeoutSeconds,
+            int hidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds,
+            int proxyTimeoutSeconds,
+            boolean rejectPhonebookAccess,
+            boolean rejectMessageAccess,
+            boolean rejectSimAccess,
+            int writeAccountKeySleepMillis,
+            boolean skipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey,
+            boolean moreEventLogForQuality,
+            boolean retryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake,
+            long gattConnectShortTimeoutMs,
+            long gattConnectLongTimeoutMs,
+            long gattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs,
+            long addressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs,
+            long pairingRetryDelayMs,
+            long secretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs,
+            long secretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs,
+            long secretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs,
+            long secretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs,
+            long secretHandshakeRetryAttempts,
+            long secretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs,
+            long signalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs,
+            ImmutableSet<Integer> gattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError,
+            boolean retrySecretHandshakeTimeout,
+            boolean logUserManualRetry,
+            int pairFailureCounts,
+            String cachedDeviceAddress,
+            String possibleCachedDeviceAddress,
+            int sameModelIdPairedDeviceCount,
+            boolean isDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache,
+            boolean logPairWithCachedModelId,
+            boolean directConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache,
+            boolean acceptPasskey,
+            byte[] supportedProfileUuids,
+            boolean providerInitiatesBondingIfSupported,
+            boolean attemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded,
+            boolean automaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded,
+            boolean skipConnectingProfiles,
+            boolean ignoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded,
+            boolean specifyCreateBondTransportType,
+            int createBondTransportType,
+            boolean increaseIntentFilterPriority,
+            boolean evaluatePerformance,
+            @Nullable Preferences.ExtraLoggingInformation extraLoggingInformation,
+            boolean enableNamingCharacteristic,
+            boolean enableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic,
+            boolean keepSameAccountKeyWrite,
+            boolean isRetroactivePairing,
+            int numSdpAttemptsAfterBonded,
+            boolean supportHidDevice,
+            boolean enablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting,
+            boolean acceptConsentForFastPairOne,
+            int gattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis,
+            boolean enable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId,
+            boolean enableSendExceptionStepToValidator,
+            boolean enableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle,
+            boolean checkBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles,
+            boolean handlePasskeyConfirmationByUi,
+            boolean enablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection) {
+        this.mGattOperationTimeoutSeconds = gattOperationTimeoutSeconds;
+        this.mGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds = gattConnectionTimeoutSeconds;
+        this.mBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds = bluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds;
+        this.mBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds = bluetoothToggleSleepSeconds;
+        this.mClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds = classicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds;
+        this.mNumDiscoverAttempts = numDiscoverAttempts;
+        this.mDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds = discoveryRetrySleepSeconds;
+        this.mIgnoreDiscoveryError = ignoreDiscoveryError;
+        this.mSdpTimeoutSeconds = sdpTimeoutSeconds;
+        this.mNumSdpAttempts = numSdpAttempts;
+        this.mNumCreateBondAttempts = numCreateBondAttempts;
+        this.mNumConnectAttempts = numConnectAttempts;
+        this.mNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts = numWriteAccountKeyAttempts;
+        this.mToggleBluetoothOnFailure = toggleBluetoothOnFailure;
+        this.mBluetoothStateUsesPolling = bluetoothStateUsesPolling;
+        this.mBluetoothStatePollingMillis = bluetoothStatePollingMillis;
+        this.mNumAttempts = numAttempts;
+        this.mEnableBrEdrHandover = enableBrEdrHandover;
+        this.mBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId = brHandoverDataCharacteristicId;
+        this.mBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId = bluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId;
+        this.mFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId = firmwareVersionCharacteristicId;
+        this.mBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId = brTransportBlockDataDescriptorId;
+        this.mWaitForUuidsAfterBonding = waitForUuidsAfterBonding;
+        this.mReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose = receiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose;
+        this.mRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds = removeBondTimeoutSeconds;
+        this.mRemoveBondSleepMillis = removeBondSleepMillis;
+        this.mCreateBondTimeoutSeconds = createBondTimeoutSeconds;
+        this.mHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds = hidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds;
+        this.mProxyTimeoutSeconds = proxyTimeoutSeconds;
+        this.mRejectPhonebookAccess = rejectPhonebookAccess;
+        this.mRejectMessageAccess = rejectMessageAccess;
+        this.mRejectSimAccess = rejectSimAccess;
+        this.mWriteAccountKeySleepMillis = writeAccountKeySleepMillis;
+        this.mSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey =
+                skipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey;
+        this.mMoreEventLogForQuality = moreEventLogForQuality;
+        this.mRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake = retryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake;
+        this.mGattConnectShortTimeoutMs = gattConnectShortTimeoutMs;
+        this.mGattConnectLongTimeoutMs = gattConnectLongTimeoutMs;
+        this.mGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs =
+                gattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        this.mAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = addressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        this.mPairingRetryDelayMs = pairingRetryDelayMs;
+        this.mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs = secretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs;
+        this.mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs = secretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs;
+        this.mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs =
+                secretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        this.mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs =
+                secretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        this.mSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts = secretHandshakeRetryAttempts;
+        this.mSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs =
+                secretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        this.mSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = signalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        this.mGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError =
+                gattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError;
+        this.mRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout = retrySecretHandshakeTimeout;
+        this.mLogUserManualRetry = logUserManualRetry;
+        this.mPairFailureCounts = pairFailureCounts;
+        this.mCachedDeviceAddress = cachedDeviceAddress;
+        this.mPossibleCachedDeviceAddress = possibleCachedDeviceAddress;
+        this.mSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount = sameModelIdPairedDeviceCount;
+        this.mIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache = isDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache;
+        this.mLogPairWithCachedModelId = logPairWithCachedModelId;
+        this.mDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache = directConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache;
+        this.mAcceptPasskey = acceptPasskey;
+        this.mSupportedProfileUuids = supportedProfileUuids;
+        this.mProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported = providerInitiatesBondingIfSupported;
+        this.mAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded =
+                attemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded;
+        this.mAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded = automaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded;
+        this.mSkipConnectingProfiles = skipConnectingProfiles;
+        this.mIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded = ignoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded;
+        this.mSpecifyCreateBondTransportType = specifyCreateBondTransportType;
+        this.mCreateBondTransportType = createBondTransportType;
+        this.mIncreaseIntentFilterPriority = increaseIntentFilterPriority;
+        this.mEvaluatePerformance = evaluatePerformance;
+        this.mExtraLoggingInformation = extraLoggingInformation;
+        this.mEnableNamingCharacteristic = enableNamingCharacteristic;
+        this.mEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic = enableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic;
+        this.mKeepSameAccountKeyWrite = keepSameAccountKeyWrite;
+        this.mIsRetroactivePairing = isRetroactivePairing;
+        this.mNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded = numSdpAttemptsAfterBonded;
+        this.mSupportHidDevice = supportHidDevice;
+        this.mEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting = enablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting;
+        this.mAcceptConsentForFastPairOne = acceptConsentForFastPairOne;
+        this.mGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis = gattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis;
+        this.mEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId = enable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId;
+        this.mEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator = enableSendExceptionStepToValidator;
+        this.mEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle = enableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle;
+        this.mCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles = checkBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles;
+        this.mHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi = handlePasskeyConfirmationByUi;
+        this.mEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection =
+                enablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout for each GATT operation (not for the whole pairing process).
+     */
+    public int getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds() {
+        return mGattOperationTimeoutSeconds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout for Gatt connection operation.
+     */
+    public int getGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds() {
+        return mGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout for Bluetooth toggle.
+     */
+    public int getBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds() {
+        return mBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sleep time for Bluetooth toggle.
+     */
+    public int getBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds() {
+        return mBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout for classic discovery.
+     */
+    public int getClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds() {
+        return mClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Number of discovery attempts allowed.
+     */
+    public int getNumDiscoverAttempts() {
+        return mNumDiscoverAttempts;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sleep time between discovery retry.
+     */
+    public int getDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds() {
+        return mDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to ignore error incurred during discovery.
+     */
+    public boolean getIgnoreDiscoveryError() {
+        return mIgnoreDiscoveryError;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout for Sdp.
+     */
+    public int getSdpTimeoutSeconds() {
+        return mSdpTimeoutSeconds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Number of Sdp attempts allowed.
+     */
+    public int getNumSdpAttempts() {
+        return mNumSdpAttempts;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Number of create bond attempts allowed.
+     */
+    public int getNumCreateBondAttempts() {
+        return mNumCreateBondAttempts;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Number of connect attempts allowed.
+     */
+    public int getNumConnectAttempts() {
+        return mNumConnectAttempts;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Number of write account key attempts allowed.
+     */
+    public int getNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts() {
+        return mNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether it is OK toggle bluetooth to retry upon failure.
+     */
+    public boolean getToggleBluetoothOnFailure() {
+        return mToggleBluetoothOnFailure;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to get Bluetooth state using polling.
+     */
+    public boolean getBluetoothStateUsesPolling() {
+        return mBluetoothStateUsesPolling;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Polling time when retrieving Bluetooth state.
+     */
+    public int getBluetoothStatePollingMillis() {
+        return mBluetoothStatePollingMillis;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The number of times to attempt a generic operation, before giving up.
+     */
+    public int getNumAttempts() {
+        return mNumAttempts;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether BrEdr handover is enabled.
+     */
+    public boolean getEnableBrEdrHandover() {
+        return mEnableBrEdrHandover;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns characteristic Id for Br Handover data.
+     */
+    public short getBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId() {
+        return mBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns characteristic Id for Bluethoth Sig data.
+     */
+    public short getBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId() {
+        return mBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns characteristic Id for Firmware version.
+     */
+    public short getFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId() {
+        return mFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns descripter Id for Br transport block data.
+     */
+    public short getBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId() {
+        return mBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to wait for Uuids after bonding.
+     */
+    public boolean getWaitForUuidsAfterBonding() {
+        return mWaitForUuidsAfterBonding;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to get received Uuids and bonded events before close.
+     */
+    public boolean getReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose() {
+        return mReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout for remove bond operation.
+     */
+    public int getRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds() {
+        return mRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sleep time for remove bond operation.
+     */
+    public int getRemoveBondSleepMillis() {
+        return mRemoveBondSleepMillis;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This almost always succeeds (or fails) in 2-10 seconds (Taimen running O -> Nexus 6P sim).
+     */
+    public int getCreateBondTimeoutSeconds() {
+        return mCreateBondTimeoutSeconds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout for creating bond with Hid devices.
+     */
+    public int getHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds() {
+        return mHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout for get proxy operation.
+     */
+    public int getProxyTimeoutSeconds() {
+        return mProxyTimeoutSeconds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to reject phone book access.
+     */
+    public boolean getRejectPhonebookAccess() {
+        return mRejectPhonebookAccess;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to reject message access.
+     */
+    public boolean getRejectMessageAccess() {
+        return mRejectMessageAccess;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to reject sim access.
+     */
+    public boolean getRejectSimAccess() {
+        return mRejectSimAccess;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sleep time for write account key operation.
+     */
+    public int getWriteAccountKeySleepMillis() {
+        return mWriteAccountKeySleepMillis;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to skip disconneting gatt before writing account key.
+     */
+    public boolean getSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey() {
+        return mSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to get more event log for quality improvement.
+     */
+    public boolean getMoreEventLogForQuality() {
+        return mMoreEventLogForQuality;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to retry gatt connection and secrete handshake.
+     */
+    public boolean getRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake() {
+        return mRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Short Gatt connection timeoout.
+     */
+    public long getGattConnectShortTimeoutMs() {
+        return mGattConnectShortTimeoutMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Long Gatt connection timeout.
+     */
+    public long getGattConnectLongTimeoutMs() {
+        return mGattConnectLongTimeoutMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Short Timeout for Gatt connection, including retry.
+     */
+    public long getGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        return mGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout for address rotation, including retry.
+     */
+    public long getAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        return mAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns pairing retry delay time.
+     */
+    public long getPairingRetryDelayMs() {
+        return mPairingRetryDelayMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Short timeout for secrete handshake.
+     */
+    public long getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs() {
+        return mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Long timeout for secret handshake.
+     */
+    public long getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs() {
+        return mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Short timeout for secret handshake, including retry.
+     */
+    public long getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        return mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Long timeout for secret handshake, including retry.
+     */
+    public long getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        return mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Number of secrete handshake retry allowed.
+     */
+    public long getSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts() {
+        return mSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout for secrete handshake and gatt connection, including retry.
+     */
+    public long getSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        return mSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout for signal lost handling, including retry.
+     */
+    public long getSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        return mSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns error for gatt connection and secrete handshake, without retry.
+     */
+    public ImmutableSet<Integer> getGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError() {
+        return mGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to retry upon secrete handshake timeout.
+     */
+    public boolean getRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout() {
+        return mRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Wehther to log user manual retry.
+     */
+    public boolean getLogUserManualRetry() {
+        return mLogUserManualRetry;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns number of pairing failure counts.
+     */
+    public int getPairFailureCounts() {
+        return mPairFailureCounts;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns cached device address.
+     */
+    public String getCachedDeviceAddress() {
+        return mCachedDeviceAddress;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns possible cached device address.
+     */
+    public String getPossibleCachedDeviceAddress() {
+        return mPossibleCachedDeviceAddress;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns count of paired devices from the same model Id.
+     */
+    public int getSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount() {
+        return mSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether the bonded device address is in the Cache .
+     */
+    public boolean getIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache() {
+        return mIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to log pairing info when cached model Id is hit.
+     */
+    public boolean getLogPairWithCachedModelId() {
+        return mLogPairWithCachedModelId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to directly connnect to a profile of a device, whose model Id is in cache.
+     */
+    public boolean getDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache() {
+        return mDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to auto-accept
+     * {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#PAIRING_VARIANT_PASSKEY_CONFIRMATION}.
+     * Only the Fast Pair Simulator (which runs on an Android device) sends this. Since real
+     * Bluetooth headphones don't have displays, they use secure simple pairing (no pin code
+     * confirmation; we get no pairing request broadcast at all). So we may want to turn this off in
+     * prod.
+     */
+    public boolean getAcceptPasskey() {
+        return mAcceptPasskey;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns Uuids for supported profiles.
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("mutable")
+    public byte[] getSupportedProfileUuids() {
+        return mSupportedProfileUuids;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, after the Key-based Pairing BLE handshake, we wait for the headphones to send a
+     * pairing request to us; if false, we send the request to them.
+     */
+    public boolean getProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported() {
+        return mProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, the first step will be attempting to connect directly to our supported profiles when
+     * a device has previously been bonded. This will help with performance on subsequent bondings
+     * and help to increase reliability in some cases.
+     */
+    public boolean getAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded() {
+        return mAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, closed Gatt connections will be reopened when they are needed again. Otherwise, they
+     * will remain closed until they are explicitly reopened.
+     */
+    public boolean getAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded() {
+        return mAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, we'll finish the pairing process after we've created a bond instead of after
+     * connecting a profile.
+     */
+    public boolean getSkipConnectingProfiles() {
+        return mSkipConnectingProfiles;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, continues the pairing process if we've timed out due to not receiving UUIDs from the
+     * headset. We can still attempt to connect to A2DP afterwards. If false, Fast Pair will fail
+     * after this step since we're expecting to receive the UUIDs.
+     */
+    public boolean getIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded() {
+        return mIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, a specific transport type will be included in the create bond request, which will be
+     * used for dual mode devices. Otherwise, we'll use the platform defined default which is
+     * BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_AUTO. See {@link #getCreateBondTransportType()}.
+     */
+    public boolean getSpecifyCreateBondTransportType() {
+        return mSpecifyCreateBondTransportType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The transport type to use when creating a bond when
+     * {@link #getSpecifyCreateBondTransportType() is true. This should be one of
+     * BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_AUTO, BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_BREDR,
+     * or BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_LE.
+     */
+    public int getCreateBondTransportType() {
+        return mCreateBondTransportType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to increase intent filter priority.
+     */
+    public boolean getIncreaseIntentFilterPriority() {
+        return mIncreaseIntentFilterPriority;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to evaluate performance.
+     */
+    public boolean getEvaluatePerformance() {
+        return mEvaluatePerformance;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns extra logging information.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public ExtraLoggingInformation getExtraLoggingInformation() {
+        return mExtraLoggingInformation;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to enable naming characteristic.
+     */
+    public boolean getEnableNamingCharacteristic() {
+        return mEnableNamingCharacteristic;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to enable firmware version characteristic.
+     */
+    public boolean getEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic() {
+        return mEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, even Fast Pair identifies a provider have paired with the account, still writes the
+     * identified account key to the provider.
+     */
+    public boolean getKeepSameAccountKeyWrite() {
+        return mKeepSameAccountKeyWrite;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, run retroactive pairing.
+     */
+    public boolean getIsRetroactivePairing() {
+        return mIsRetroactivePairing;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If it's larger than 0, {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#fetchUuidsWithSdp} would be
+     * triggered with number of attempts after device is bonded and no profiles were automatically
+     * discovered".
+     */
+    public int getNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded() {
+        return mNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, supports HID device for fastpair.
+     */
+    public boolean getSupportHidDevice() {
+        return mSupportHidDevice;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, we'll enable the pairing behavior to handle the state transition from BOND_BONDED to
+     * BOND_BONDING when directly connecting profiles.
+     */
+    public boolean getEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting() {
+        return mEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, we will accept the user confirmation when bonding with FastPair 1.0 devices.
+     */
+    public boolean getAcceptConsentForFastPairOne() {
+        return mAcceptConsentForFastPairOne;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If it's larger than 0, we will retry connecting GATT within the timeout.
+     */
+    public int getGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis() {
+        return mGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, then uses the new custom GATT characteristics {go/fastpair-128bit-gatt}.
+     */
+    public boolean getEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId() {
+        return mEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, then sends the internal pair step or Exception to Validator by Intent.
+     */
+    public boolean getEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator() {
+        return mEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, then adds the additional data type in the handshake packet when action over BLE.
+     */
+    public boolean getEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle() {
+        return mEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, then checks the bond state when skips connecting profiles in the pairing shortcut.
+     */
+    public boolean getCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles() {
+        return mCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, the passkey confirmation will be handled by the half-sheet UI.
+     */
+    public boolean getHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi() {
+        return mHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, then use pair flow to show ui when pairing is finished without connecting profile.
+     */
+    public boolean getEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection() {
+        return mEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "Preferences{"
+                + "gattOperationTimeoutSeconds=" + mGattOperationTimeoutSeconds + ", "
+                + "gattConnectionTimeoutSeconds=" + mGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds + ", "
+                + "bluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds=" + mBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds + ", "
+                + "bluetoothToggleSleepSeconds=" + mBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds + ", "
+                + "classicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds=" + mClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds + ", "
+                + "numDiscoverAttempts=" + mNumDiscoverAttempts + ", "
+                + "discoveryRetrySleepSeconds=" + mDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds + ", "
+                + "ignoreDiscoveryError=" + mIgnoreDiscoveryError + ", "
+                + "sdpTimeoutSeconds=" + mSdpTimeoutSeconds + ", "
+                + "numSdpAttempts=" + mNumSdpAttempts + ", "
+                + "numCreateBondAttempts=" + mNumCreateBondAttempts + ", "
+                + "numConnectAttempts=" + mNumConnectAttempts + ", "
+                + "numWriteAccountKeyAttempts=" + mNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts + ", "
+                + "toggleBluetoothOnFailure=" + mToggleBluetoothOnFailure + ", "
+                + "bluetoothStateUsesPolling=" + mBluetoothStateUsesPolling + ", "
+                + "bluetoothStatePollingMillis=" + mBluetoothStatePollingMillis + ", "
+                + "numAttempts=" + mNumAttempts + ", "
+                + "enableBrEdrHandover=" + mEnableBrEdrHandover + ", "
+                + "brHandoverDataCharacteristicId=" + mBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId + ", "
+                + "bluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId=" + mBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId + ", "
+                + "firmwareVersionCharacteristicId=" + mFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId + ", "
+                + "brTransportBlockDataDescriptorId=" + mBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId + ", "
+                + "waitForUuidsAfterBonding=" + mWaitForUuidsAfterBonding + ", "
+                + "receiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose=" + mReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose
+                + ", "
+                + "removeBondTimeoutSeconds=" + mRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds + ", "
+                + "removeBondSleepMillis=" + mRemoveBondSleepMillis + ", "
+                + "createBondTimeoutSeconds=" + mCreateBondTimeoutSeconds + ", "
+                + "hidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds=" + mHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds + ", "
+                + "proxyTimeoutSeconds=" + mProxyTimeoutSeconds + ", "
+                + "rejectPhonebookAccess=" + mRejectPhonebookAccess + ", "
+                + "rejectMessageAccess=" + mRejectMessageAccess + ", "
+                + "rejectSimAccess=" + mRejectSimAccess + ", "
+                + "writeAccountKeySleepMillis=" + mWriteAccountKeySleepMillis + ", "
+                + "skipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey="
+                + mSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey + ", "
+                + "moreEventLogForQuality=" + mMoreEventLogForQuality + ", "
+                + "retryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake=" + mRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake
+                + ", "
+                + "gattConnectShortTimeoutMs=" + mGattConnectShortTimeoutMs + ", "
+                + "gattConnectLongTimeoutMs=" + mGattConnectLongTimeoutMs + ", "
+                + "gattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs="
+                + mGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs + ", "
+                + "addressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs=" + mAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs + ", "
+                + "pairingRetryDelayMs=" + mPairingRetryDelayMs + ", "
+                + "secretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs=" + mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs + ", "
+                + "secretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs=" + mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs + ", "
+                + "secretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs="
+                + mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs + ", "
+                + "secretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs="
+                + mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs + ", "
+                + "secretHandshakeRetryAttempts=" + mSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts + ", "
+                + "secretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs="
+                + mSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs + ", "
+                + "signalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs=" + mSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs + ", "
+                + "gattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError="
+                + mGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError + ", "
+                + "retrySecretHandshakeTimeout=" + mRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout + ", "
+                + "logUserManualRetry=" + mLogUserManualRetry + ", "
+                + "pairFailureCounts=" + mPairFailureCounts + ", "
+                + "cachedDeviceAddress=" + mCachedDeviceAddress + ", "
+                + "possibleCachedDeviceAddress=" + mPossibleCachedDeviceAddress + ", "
+                + "sameModelIdPairedDeviceCount=" + mSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount + ", "
+                + "isDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache=" + mIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache
+                + ", "
+                + "logPairWithCachedModelId=" + mLogPairWithCachedModelId + ", "
+                + "directConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache=" + mDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache
+                + ", "
+                + "acceptPasskey=" + mAcceptPasskey + ", "
+                + "supportedProfileUuids=" + Arrays.toString(mSupportedProfileUuids) + ", "
+                + "providerInitiatesBondingIfSupported=" + mProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported
+                + ", "
+                + "attemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded="
+                + mAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded + ", "
+                + "automaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded=" + mAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded
+                + ", "
+                + "skipConnectingProfiles=" + mSkipConnectingProfiles + ", "
+                + "ignoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded=" + mIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded + ", "
+                + "specifyCreateBondTransportType=" + mSpecifyCreateBondTransportType + ", "
+                + "createBondTransportType=" + mCreateBondTransportType + ", "
+                + "increaseIntentFilterPriority=" + mIncreaseIntentFilterPriority + ", "
+                + "evaluatePerformance=" + mEvaluatePerformance + ", "
+                + "extraLoggingInformation=" + mExtraLoggingInformation + ", "
+                + "enableNamingCharacteristic=" + mEnableNamingCharacteristic + ", "
+                + "enableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic=" + mEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic
+                + ", "
+                + "keepSameAccountKeyWrite=" + mKeepSameAccountKeyWrite + ", "
+                + "isRetroactivePairing=" + mIsRetroactivePairing + ", "
+                + "numSdpAttemptsAfterBonded=" + mNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded + ", "
+                + "supportHidDevice=" + mSupportHidDevice + ", "
+                + "enablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting=" + mEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting
+                + ", "
+                + "acceptConsentForFastPairOne=" + mAcceptConsentForFastPairOne + ", "
+                + "gattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis=" + mGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis + ", "
+                + "enable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId="
+                + mEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId + ", "
+                + "enableSendExceptionStepToValidator=" + mEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator + ", "
+                + "enableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle="
+                + mEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle + ", "
+                + "checkBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles="
+                + mCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles + ", "
+                + "handlePasskeyConfirmationByUi=" + mHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi + ", "
+                + "enablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection="
+                + mEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection
+                + "}";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts an instance to a builder.
+     */
+    public Builder toBuilder() {
+        return new Preferences.Builder(this);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a builder.
+     */
+    public static Builder builder() {
+        return new Preferences.Builder()
+                .setGattOperationTimeoutSeconds(10)
+                .setGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds(15)
+                .setBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds(10)
+                .setBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds(2)
+                .setClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds(13)
+                .setNumDiscoverAttempts(3)
+                .setDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds(1)
+                .setIgnoreDiscoveryError(true)
+                .setSdpTimeoutSeconds(10)
+                .setNumSdpAttempts(0)
+                .setNumCreateBondAttempts(3)
+                .setNumConnectAttempts(2)
+                .setNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts(3)
+                .setToggleBluetoothOnFailure(false)
+                .setBluetoothStateUsesPolling(true)
+                .setBluetoothStatePollingMillis(1000)
+                .setNumAttempts(2)
+                .setEnableBrEdrHandover(false)
+                .setBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId(get16BitUuid(
+                        Constants.TransportDiscoveryService.BrHandoverDataCharacteristic.ID))
+                .setBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId(get16BitUuid(
+                        Constants.TransportDiscoveryService.BluetoothSigDataCharacteristic.ID))
+                .setFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId(get16BitUuid(FirmwareVersionCharacteristic.ID))
+                .setBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId(
+                        get16BitUuid(
+                                Constants.TransportDiscoveryService.BluetoothSigDataCharacteristic
+                                        .BrTransportBlockDataDescriptor.ID))
+                .setWaitForUuidsAfterBonding(true)
+                .setReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose(true)
+                .setRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds(5)
+                .setRemoveBondSleepMillis(1000)
+                .setCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(15)
+                .setHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(40)
+                .setProxyTimeoutSeconds(2)
+                .setRejectPhonebookAccess(false)
+                .setRejectMessageAccess(false)
+                .setRejectSimAccess(false)
+                .setAcceptPasskey(true)
+                .setSupportedProfileUuids(Constants.getSupportedProfiles())
+                .setWriteAccountKeySleepMillis(2000)
+                .setProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported(false)
+                .setAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded(true)
+                .setAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded(true)
+                .setSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey(true)
+                .setSkipConnectingProfiles(false)
+                .setIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded(true)
+                .setSpecifyCreateBondTransportType(false)
+                .setCreateBondTransportType(0 /*BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_AUTO*/)
+                .setIncreaseIntentFilterPriority(true)
+                .setEvaluatePerformance(true)
+                .setKeepSameAccountKeyWrite(true)
+                .setEnableNamingCharacteristic(true)
+                .setEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic(true)
+                .setIsRetroactivePairing(false)
+                .setNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded(1)
+                .setSupportHidDevice(false)
+                .setEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting(true)
+                .setAcceptConsentForFastPairOne(true)
+                .setGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis(18000)
+                .setEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId(true)
+                .setEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator(true)
+                .setEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle(true)
+                .setCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles(true)
+                .setHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi(false)
+                .setMoreEventLogForQuality(true)
+                .setRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake(true)
+                .setGattConnectShortTimeoutMs(7000)
+                .setGattConnectLongTimeoutMs(15000)
+                .setGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(10000)
+                .setAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(15000)
+                .setPairingRetryDelayMs(100)
+                .setSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs(3000)
+                .setSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs(10000)
+                .setSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(5000)
+                .setSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(7000)
+                .setSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts(3)
+                .setSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs(15000)
+                .setSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(15000)
+                .setGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError(ImmutableSet.of(257))
+                .setRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout(false)
+                .setLogUserManualRetry(true)
+                .setPairFailureCounts(0)
+                .setEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection(true)
+                .setPairFailureCounts(0)
+                .setLogPairWithCachedModelId(true)
+                .setDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache(true)
+                .setCachedDeviceAddress("")
+                .setPossibleCachedDeviceAddress("")
+                .setSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount(0)
+                .setIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache(true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Preferences builder.
+     */
+    public static class Builder {
+
+        private int mGattOperationTimeoutSeconds;
+        private int mGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds;
+        private int mBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds;
+        private int mBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds;
+        private int mClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds;
+        private int mNumDiscoverAttempts;
+        private int mDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds;
+        private boolean mIgnoreDiscoveryError;
+        private int mSdpTimeoutSeconds;
+        private int mNumSdpAttempts;
+        private int mNumCreateBondAttempts;
+        private int mNumConnectAttempts;
+        private int mNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts;
+        private boolean mToggleBluetoothOnFailure;
+        private boolean mBluetoothStateUsesPolling;
+        private int mBluetoothStatePollingMillis;
+        private int mNumAttempts;
+        private boolean mEnableBrEdrHandover;
+        private short mBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId;
+        private short mBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId;
+        private short mFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId;
+        private short mBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId;
+        private boolean mWaitForUuidsAfterBonding;
+        private boolean mReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose;
+        private int mRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds;
+        private int mRemoveBondSleepMillis;
+        private int mCreateBondTimeoutSeconds;
+        private int mHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds;
+        private int mProxyTimeoutSeconds;
+        private boolean mRejectPhonebookAccess;
+        private boolean mRejectMessageAccess;
+        private boolean mRejectSimAccess;
+        private int mWriteAccountKeySleepMillis;
+        private boolean mSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey;
+        private boolean mMoreEventLogForQuality;
+        private boolean mRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake;
+        private long mGattConnectShortTimeoutMs;
+        private long mGattConnectLongTimeoutMs;
+        private long mGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        private long mAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        private long mPairingRetryDelayMs;
+        private long mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs;
+        private long mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs;
+        private long mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        private long mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        private long mSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts;
+        private long mSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        private long mSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs;
+        private ImmutableSet<Integer> mGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError;
+        private boolean mRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout;
+        private boolean mLogUserManualRetry;
+        private int mPairFailureCounts;
+        private String mCachedDeviceAddress;
+        private String mPossibleCachedDeviceAddress;
+        private int mSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount;
+        private boolean mIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache;
+        private boolean mLogPairWithCachedModelId;
+        private boolean mDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache;
+        private boolean mAcceptPasskey;
+        private byte[] mSupportedProfileUuids;
+        private boolean mProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported;
+        private boolean mAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded;
+        private boolean mAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded;
+        private boolean mSkipConnectingProfiles;
+        private boolean mIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded;
+        private boolean mSpecifyCreateBondTransportType;
+        private int mCreateBondTransportType;
+        private boolean mIncreaseIntentFilterPriority;
+        private boolean mEvaluatePerformance;
+        private Preferences.ExtraLoggingInformation mExtraLoggingInformation;
+        private boolean mEnableNamingCharacteristic;
+        private boolean mEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic;
+        private boolean mKeepSameAccountKeyWrite;
+        private boolean mIsRetroactivePairing;
+        private int mNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded;
+        private boolean mSupportHidDevice;
+        private boolean mEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting;
+        private boolean mAcceptConsentForFastPairOne;
+        private int mGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis;
+        private boolean mEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId;
+        private boolean mEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator;
+        private boolean mEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle;
+        private boolean mCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles;
+        private boolean mHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi;
+        private boolean mEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection;
+
+        private Builder() {
+        }
+
+        private Builder(Preferences source) {
+            this.mGattOperationTimeoutSeconds = source.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds();
+            this.mGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds = source.getGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds();
+            this.mBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds = source.getBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds();
+            this.mBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds = source.getBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds();
+            this.mClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds = source.getClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds();
+            this.mNumDiscoverAttempts = source.getNumDiscoverAttempts();
+            this.mDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds = source.getDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds();
+            this.mIgnoreDiscoveryError = source.getIgnoreDiscoveryError();
+            this.mSdpTimeoutSeconds = source.getSdpTimeoutSeconds();
+            this.mNumSdpAttempts = source.getNumSdpAttempts();
+            this.mNumCreateBondAttempts = source.getNumCreateBondAttempts();
+            this.mNumConnectAttempts = source.getNumConnectAttempts();
+            this.mNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts = source.getNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts();
+            this.mToggleBluetoothOnFailure = source.getToggleBluetoothOnFailure();
+            this.mBluetoothStateUsesPolling = source.getBluetoothStateUsesPolling();
+            this.mBluetoothStatePollingMillis = source.getBluetoothStatePollingMillis();
+            this.mNumAttempts = source.getNumAttempts();
+            this.mEnableBrEdrHandover = source.getEnableBrEdrHandover();
+            this.mBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId = source.getBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId();
+            this.mBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId = source.getBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId();
+            this.mFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId = source.getFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId();
+            this.mBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId = source.getBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId();
+            this.mWaitForUuidsAfterBonding = source.getWaitForUuidsAfterBonding();
+            this.mReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose = source
+                    .getReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose();
+            this.mRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds = source.getRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds();
+            this.mRemoveBondSleepMillis = source.getRemoveBondSleepMillis();
+            this.mCreateBondTimeoutSeconds = source.getCreateBondTimeoutSeconds();
+            this.mHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds = source.getHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds();
+            this.mProxyTimeoutSeconds = source.getProxyTimeoutSeconds();
+            this.mRejectPhonebookAccess = source.getRejectPhonebookAccess();
+            this.mRejectMessageAccess = source.getRejectMessageAccess();
+            this.mRejectSimAccess = source.getRejectSimAccess();
+            this.mWriteAccountKeySleepMillis = source.getWriteAccountKeySleepMillis();
+            this.mSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey = source
+                    .getSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey();
+            this.mMoreEventLogForQuality = source.getMoreEventLogForQuality();
+            this.mRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake = source
+                    .getRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake();
+            this.mGattConnectShortTimeoutMs = source.getGattConnectShortTimeoutMs();
+            this.mGattConnectLongTimeoutMs = source.getGattConnectLongTimeoutMs();
+            this.mGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = source
+                    .getGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs();
+            this.mAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = source.getAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs();
+            this.mPairingRetryDelayMs = source.getPairingRetryDelayMs();
+            this.mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs = source.getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs();
+            this.mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs = source.getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs();
+            this.mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = source
+                    .getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs();
+            this.mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = source
+                    .getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs();
+            this.mSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts = source.getSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts();
+            this.mSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs = source
+                    .getSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs();
+            this.mSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = source.getSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs();
+            this.mGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError = source
+                    .getGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError();
+            this.mRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout = source.getRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout();
+            this.mLogUserManualRetry = source.getLogUserManualRetry();
+            this.mPairFailureCounts = source.getPairFailureCounts();
+            this.mCachedDeviceAddress = source.getCachedDeviceAddress();
+            this.mPossibleCachedDeviceAddress = source.getPossibleCachedDeviceAddress();
+            this.mSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount = source.getSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount();
+            this.mIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache = source
+                    .getIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache();
+            this.mLogPairWithCachedModelId = source.getLogPairWithCachedModelId();
+            this.mDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache = source
+                    .getDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache();
+            this.mAcceptPasskey = source.getAcceptPasskey();
+            this.mSupportedProfileUuids = source.getSupportedProfileUuids();
+            this.mProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported = source
+                    .getProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported();
+            this.mAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded = source
+                    .getAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded();
+            this.mAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded = source
+                    .getAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded();
+            this.mSkipConnectingProfiles = source.getSkipConnectingProfiles();
+            this.mIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded = source.getIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded();
+            this.mSpecifyCreateBondTransportType = source.getSpecifyCreateBondTransportType();
+            this.mCreateBondTransportType = source.getCreateBondTransportType();
+            this.mIncreaseIntentFilterPriority = source.getIncreaseIntentFilterPriority();
+            this.mEvaluatePerformance = source.getEvaluatePerformance();
+            this.mExtraLoggingInformation = source.getExtraLoggingInformation();
+            this.mEnableNamingCharacteristic = source.getEnableNamingCharacteristic();
+            this.mEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic = source
+                    .getEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic();
+            this.mKeepSameAccountKeyWrite = source.getKeepSameAccountKeyWrite();
+            this.mIsRetroactivePairing = source.getIsRetroactivePairing();
+            this.mNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded = source.getNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded();
+            this.mSupportHidDevice = source.getSupportHidDevice();
+            this.mEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting = source
+                    .getEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting();
+            this.mAcceptConsentForFastPairOne = source.getAcceptConsentForFastPairOne();
+            this.mGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis = source.getGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis();
+            this.mEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId = source
+                    .getEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId();
+            this.mEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator = source
+                    .getEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator();
+            this.mEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle = source
+                    .getEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle();
+            this.mCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles = source
+                    .getCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles();
+            this.mHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi = source.getHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi();
+            this.mEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection = source
+                    .getEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set gatt operation timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setGattOperationTimeoutSeconds(int value) {
+            this.mGattOperationTimeoutSeconds = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set gatt connection timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds(int value) {
+            this.mGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set bluetooth toggle timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds(int value) {
+            this.mBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set bluetooth toggle sleep time.
+         */
+        public Builder setBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds(int value) {
+            this.mBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set classic discovery timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds(int value) {
+            this.mClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set number of discover attempts allowed.
+         */
+        public Builder setNumDiscoverAttempts(int value) {
+            this.mNumDiscoverAttempts = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set discovery retry sleep time.
+         */
+        public Builder setDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds(int value) {
+            this.mDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to ignore discovery error.
+         */
+        public Builder setIgnoreDiscoveryError(boolean value) {
+            this.mIgnoreDiscoveryError = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set sdp timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setSdpTimeoutSeconds(int value) {
+            this.mSdpTimeoutSeconds = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set number of sdp attempts allowed.
+         */
+        public Builder setNumSdpAttempts(int value) {
+            this.mNumSdpAttempts = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set number of allowed attempts to create bond.
+         */
+        public Builder setNumCreateBondAttempts(int value) {
+            this.mNumCreateBondAttempts = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set number of connect attempts allowed.
+         */
+        public Builder setNumConnectAttempts(int value) {
+            this.mNumConnectAttempts = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set number of write account key attempts allowed.
+         */
+        public Builder setNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts(int value) {
+            this.mNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to retry by bluetooth toggle on failure.
+         */
+        public Builder setToggleBluetoothOnFailure(boolean value) {
+            this.mToggleBluetoothOnFailure = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to use polling to set bluetooth status.
+         */
+        public Builder setBluetoothStateUsesPolling(boolean value) {
+            this.mBluetoothStateUsesPolling = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Bluetooth state polling timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setBluetoothStatePollingMillis(int value) {
+            this.mBluetoothStatePollingMillis = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set number of attempts.
+         */
+        public Builder setNumAttempts(int value) {
+            this.mNumAttempts = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to enable BrEdr handover.
+         */
+        public Builder setEnableBrEdrHandover(boolean value) {
+            this.mEnableBrEdrHandover = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Br handover data characteristic Id.
+         */
+        public Builder setBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId(short value) {
+            this.mBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Bluetooth Sig data characteristic Id.
+         */
+        public Builder setBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId(short value) {
+            this.mBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Firmware version characteristic id.
+         */
+        public Builder setFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId(short value) {
+            this.mFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Br transport block data descriptor id.
+         */
+        public Builder setBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId(short value) {
+            this.mBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to wait for Uuids after bonding.
+         */
+        public Builder setWaitForUuidsAfterBonding(boolean value) {
+            this.mWaitForUuidsAfterBonding = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to receive Uuids and bonded event before close.
+         */
+        public Builder setReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose(boolean value) {
+            this.mReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set remove bond timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds(int value) {
+            this.mRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set remove bound sleep time.
+         */
+        public Builder setRemoveBondSleepMillis(int value) {
+            this.mRemoveBondSleepMillis = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set create bond timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(int value) {
+            this.mCreateBondTimeoutSeconds = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Hid create bond timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(int value) {
+            this.mHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set proxy timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setProxyTimeoutSeconds(int value) {
+            this.mProxyTimeoutSeconds = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to reject phone book access.
+         */
+        public Builder setRejectPhonebookAccess(boolean value) {
+            this.mRejectPhonebookAccess = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to reject message access.
+         */
+        public Builder setRejectMessageAccess(boolean value) {
+            this.mRejectMessageAccess = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to reject slim access.
+         */
+        public Builder setRejectSimAccess(boolean value) {
+            this.mRejectSimAccess = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to accept passkey.
+         */
+        public Builder setAcceptPasskey(boolean value) {
+            this.mAcceptPasskey = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set supported profile Uuids.
+         */
+        public Builder setSupportedProfileUuids(byte[] value) {
+            this.mSupportedProfileUuids = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to collect more event log for quality.
+         */
+        public Builder setMoreEventLogForQuality(boolean value) {
+            this.mMoreEventLogForQuality = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set supported profile Uuids.
+         */
+        public Builder setSupportedProfileUuids(short... uuids) {
+            return setSupportedProfileUuids(Bytes.toBytes(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN, uuids));
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set write account key sleep time.
+         */
+        public Builder setWriteAccountKeySleepMillis(int value) {
+            this.mWriteAccountKeySleepMillis = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to do provider initialized bonding if supported.
+         */
+        public Builder setProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported(boolean value) {
+            this.mProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to try direct connection when the device is previously bonded.
+         */
+        public Builder setAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded(boolean value) {
+            this.mAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to automatically reconnect gatt when needed.
+         */
+        public Builder setAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded(boolean value) {
+            this.mAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to skip disconnecting gatt before writing account key.
+         */
+        public Builder setSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey(boolean value) {
+            this.mSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to skip connecting profiles.
+         */
+        public Builder setSkipConnectingProfiles(boolean value) {
+            this.mSkipConnectingProfiles = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to ignore Uuid timeout after bonded.
+         */
+        public Builder setIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded(boolean value) {
+            this.mIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to include transport type in create bound request.
+         */
+        public Builder setSpecifyCreateBondTransportType(boolean value) {
+            this.mSpecifyCreateBondTransportType = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set transport type used in create bond request.
+         */
+        public Builder setCreateBondTransportType(int value) {
+            this.mCreateBondTransportType = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to increase intent filter priority.
+         */
+        public Builder setIncreaseIntentFilterPriority(boolean value) {
+            this.mIncreaseIntentFilterPriority = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to evaluate performance.
+         */
+        public Builder setEvaluatePerformance(boolean value) {
+            this.mEvaluatePerformance = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set extra logging info.
+         */
+        public Builder setExtraLoggingInformation(ExtraLoggingInformation value) {
+            this.mExtraLoggingInformation = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to enable naming characteristic.
+         */
+        public Builder setEnableNamingCharacteristic(boolean value) {
+            this.mEnableNamingCharacteristic = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to keep writing the account key to the provider, that has already paired with
+         * the account.
+         */
+        public Builder setKeepSameAccountKeyWrite(boolean value) {
+            this.mKeepSameAccountKeyWrite = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to enable firmware version characteristic.
+         */
+        public Builder setEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic(boolean value) {
+            this.mEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether it is retroactive pairing.
+         */
+        public Builder setIsRetroactivePairing(boolean value) {
+            this.mIsRetroactivePairing = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set number of allowed sdp attempts after bonded.
+         */
+        public Builder setNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded(int value) {
+            this.mNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to support Hid device.
+         */
+        public Builder setSupportHidDevice(boolean value) {
+            this.mSupportHidDevice = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set wehther to enable the pairing behavior to handle the state transition from
+         * BOND_BONDED to BOND_BONDING when directly connecting profiles.
+         */
+        public Builder setEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting(boolean value) {
+            this.mEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to accept consent for fast pair one.
+         */
+        public Builder setAcceptConsentForFastPairOne(boolean value) {
+            this.mAcceptConsentForFastPairOne = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set Gatt connect retry timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis(int value) {
+            this.mGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to enable 128 bit custom gatt characteristic Id.
+         */
+        public Builder setEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId(boolean value) {
+            this.mEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to send exception step to validator.
+         */
+        public Builder setEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator(boolean value) {
+            this.mEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set wehther to add the additional data type in the handshake when action over BLE.
+         */
+        public Builder setEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle(boolean value) {
+            this.mEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to check bond state when skip connecting profiles.
+         */
+        public Builder setCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles(boolean value) {
+            this.mCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to handle passkey confirmation by UI.
+         */
+        public Builder setHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi(boolean value) {
+            this.mHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set wehther to retry gatt connection and secret handshake.
+         */
+        public Builder setRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake(boolean value) {
+            this.mRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set gatt connect short timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setGattConnectShortTimeoutMs(long value) {
+            this.mGattConnectShortTimeoutMs = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set gatt connect long timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setGattConnectLongTimeoutMs(long value) {
+            this.mGattConnectLongTimeoutMs = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set gatt connection short timoutout, including retry.
+         */
+        public Builder setGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(long value) {
+            this.mGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set address rotate timeout, including retry.
+         */
+        public Builder setAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(long value) {
+            this.mAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set pairing retry delay time.
+         */
+        public Builder setPairingRetryDelayMs(long value) {
+            this.mPairingRetryDelayMs = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set secret handshake short timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs(long value) {
+            this.mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set secret handshake long timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs(long value) {
+            this.mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set secret handshake short timeout retry max spent time.
+         */
+        public Builder setSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(long value) {
+            this.mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set secret handshake long timeout retry max spent time.
+         */
+        public Builder setSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(long value) {
+            this.mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set secret handshake retry attempts allowed.
+         */
+        public Builder setSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts(long value) {
+            this.mSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set secret handshake retry gatt connection max spent time.
+         */
+        public Builder setSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs(long value) {
+            this.mSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set signal loss retry max spent time.
+         */
+        public Builder setSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(long value) {
+            this.mSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set gatt connection and secret handshake no retry gatt error.
+         */
+        public Builder setGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError(
+                ImmutableSet<Integer> value) {
+            this.mGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set retry secret handshake timeout.
+         */
+        public Builder setRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout(boolean value) {
+            this.mRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to log user manual retry.
+         */
+        public Builder setLogUserManualRetry(boolean value) {
+            this.mLogUserManualRetry = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set pair falure counts.
+         */
+        public Builder setPairFailureCounts(int counts) {
+            this.mPairFailureCounts = counts;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to use pair flow to show ui when pairing is finished without connecting
+         * profile..
+         */
+        public Builder setEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection(boolean value) {
+            this.mEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to log pairing with cached module Id.
+         */
+        public Builder setLogPairWithCachedModelId(boolean value) {
+            this.mLogPairWithCachedModelId = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set possible cached device address.
+         */
+        public Builder setPossibleCachedDeviceAddress(String value) {
+            this.mPossibleCachedDeviceAddress = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set paired device count from the same module Id.
+         */
+        public Builder setSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount(int value) {
+            this.mSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether the bonded device address is from cache.
+         */
+        public Builder setIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache(boolean value) {
+            this.mIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set whether to directly connect profile if modelId is in cache.
+         */
+        public Builder setDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache(boolean value) {
+            this.mDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Set cached device address.
+         */
+        public Builder setCachedDeviceAddress(String value) {
+            this.mCachedDeviceAddress = value;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builds a Preferences instance.
+         */
+        public Preferences build() {
+            return new Preferences(
+                    this.mGattOperationTimeoutSeconds,
+                    this.mGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds,
+                    this.mBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds,
+                    this.mBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds,
+                    this.mClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds,
+                    this.mNumDiscoverAttempts,
+                    this.mDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds,
+                    this.mIgnoreDiscoveryError,
+                    this.mSdpTimeoutSeconds,
+                    this.mNumSdpAttempts,
+                    this.mNumCreateBondAttempts,
+                    this.mNumConnectAttempts,
+                    this.mNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts,
+                    this.mToggleBluetoothOnFailure,
+                    this.mBluetoothStateUsesPolling,
+                    this.mBluetoothStatePollingMillis,
+                    this.mNumAttempts,
+                    this.mEnableBrEdrHandover,
+                    this.mBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId,
+                    this.mBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId,
+                    this.mFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId,
+                    this.mBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId,
+                    this.mWaitForUuidsAfterBonding,
+                    this.mReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose,
+                    this.mRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds,
+                    this.mRemoveBondSleepMillis,
+                    this.mCreateBondTimeoutSeconds,
+                    this.mHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds,
+                    this.mProxyTimeoutSeconds,
+                    this.mRejectPhonebookAccess,
+                    this.mRejectMessageAccess,
+                    this.mRejectSimAccess,
+                    this.mWriteAccountKeySleepMillis,
+                    this.mSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey,
+                    this.mMoreEventLogForQuality,
+                    this.mRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake,
+                    this.mGattConnectShortTimeoutMs,
+                    this.mGattConnectLongTimeoutMs,
+                    this.mGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs,
+                    this.mAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs,
+                    this.mPairingRetryDelayMs,
+                    this.mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs,
+                    this.mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs,
+                    this.mSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs,
+                    this.mSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs,
+                    this.mSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts,
+                    this.mSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs,
+                    this.mSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs,
+                    this.mGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError,
+                    this.mRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout,
+                    this.mLogUserManualRetry,
+                    this.mPairFailureCounts,
+                    this.mCachedDeviceAddress,
+                    this.mPossibleCachedDeviceAddress,
+                    this.mSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount,
+                    this.mIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache,
+                    this.mLogPairWithCachedModelId,
+                    this.mDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache,
+                    this.mAcceptPasskey,
+                    this.mSupportedProfileUuids,
+                    this.mProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported,
+                    this.mAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded,
+                    this.mAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded,
+                    this.mSkipConnectingProfiles,
+                    this.mIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded,
+                    this.mSpecifyCreateBondTransportType,
+                    this.mCreateBondTransportType,
+                    this.mIncreaseIntentFilterPriority,
+                    this.mEvaluatePerformance,
+                    this.mExtraLoggingInformation,
+                    this.mEnableNamingCharacteristic,
+                    this.mEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic,
+                    this.mKeepSameAccountKeyWrite,
+                    this.mIsRetroactivePairing,
+                    this.mNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded,
+                    this.mSupportHidDevice,
+                    this.mEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting,
+                    this.mAcceptConsentForFastPairOne,
+                    this.mGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis,
+                    this.mEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId,
+                    this.mEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator,
+                    this.mEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle,
+                    this.mCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles,
+                    this.mHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi,
+                    this.mEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether a given Uuid is supported.
+     */
+    public boolean isSupportedProfile(short profileUuid) {
+        return Constants.PROFILES.containsKey(profileUuid)
+                && Shorts.contains(
+                Bytes.toShorts(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN, getSupportedProfileUuids()), profileUuid);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Information that will be used for logging.
+     */
+    public static class ExtraLoggingInformation {
+
+        private final String mModelId;
+
+        private ExtraLoggingInformation(String modelId) {
+            this.mModelId = modelId;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Returns model Id.
+         */
+        public String getModelId() {
+            return mModelId;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Converts an instance to a builder.
+         */
+        public Builder toBuilder() {
+            return new Builder(this);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a builder for ExtraLoggingInformation.
+         */
+        public static Builder builder() {
+            return new ExtraLoggingInformation.Builder();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "ExtraLoggingInformation{" + "modelId=" + mModelId + "}";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(@Nullable Object o) {
+            if (o == this) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (o instanceof ExtraLoggingInformation) {
+                Preferences.ExtraLoggingInformation that = (Preferences.ExtraLoggingInformation) o;
+                return this.mModelId.equals(that.getModelId());
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hash(mModelId);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Extra logging information builder.
+         */
+        public static class Builder {
+
+            private String mModelId;
+
+            private Builder() {
+            }
+
+            private Builder(ExtraLoggingInformation source) {
+                this.mModelId = source.getModelId();
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Set model ID.
+             */
+            public Builder setModelId(String modelId) {
+                this.mModelId = modelId;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Builds extra logging information.
+             */
+            public ExtraLoggingInformation build() {
+                return new ExtraLoggingInformation(mModelId);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Reflect.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Reflect.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2603b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/Reflect.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+/**
+ * Utilities for calling methods using reflection. The main benefit of using this helper is to avoid
+ * complications around exception handling when calling methods reflectively. It's not safe to use
+ * Java 8's multicatch on such exceptions, because the java compiler converts multicatch into
+ * ReflectiveOperationException in some instances, which doesn't work on older sdk versions.
+ * Instead, use these utilities and catch ReflectionException.
+ *
+ * <p>Example usage:
+ *
+ * <pre>{@code
+ * try {
+ *   Reflect.on(btAdapter)
+ *       .withMethod("setScanMode", int.class)
+ *       .invoke(BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE)
+ * } catch (ReflectionException e) { }
+ * }</pre>
+ */
+// TODO(b/202549655): remove existing Reflect usage. New usage is not allowed! No exception!
+public final class Reflect {
+    private final Object mTargetObject;
+
+    private Reflect(Object targetObject) {
+        this.mTargetObject = targetObject;
+    }
+
+    /** Creates an instance of this helper to invoke methods on the given target object. */
+    public static Reflect on(Object targetObject) {
+        return new Reflect(targetObject);
+    }
+
+    /** Finds a method with the given name and parameter types. */
+    public ReflectionMethod withMethod(String methodName, Class<?>... paramTypes)
+            throws ReflectionException {
+        try {
+            return new ReflectionMethod(mTargetObject.getClass().getMethod(methodName, paramTypes));
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+            throw new ReflectionException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Represents an invokable method found reflectively. */
+    public final class ReflectionMethod {
+        private final Method mMethod;
+
+        private ReflectionMethod(Method method) {
+            this.mMethod = method;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Invokes this instance method with the given parameters. The called method does not return
+         * a value.
+         */
+        public void invoke(Object... parameters) throws ReflectionException {
+            try {
+                mMethod.invoke(mTargetObject, parameters);
+            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+                throw new ReflectionException(e);
+            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+                throw new ReflectionException(e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Invokes this instance method with the given parameters. The called method returns a non
+         * null value.
+         */
+        public Object get(Object... parameters) throws ReflectionException {
+            Object value;
+            try {
+                value = mMethod.invoke(mTargetObject, parameters);
+            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+                throw new ReflectionException(e);
+            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+                throw new ReflectionException(e);
+            }
+            if (value == null) {
+                throw new ReflectionException(new NullPointerException());
+            }
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ReflectionException.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ReflectionException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c20c55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ReflectionException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+/**
+ * An exception thrown during a reflection operation. Like ReflectiveOperationException, except
+ * compatible on older API versions.
+ */
+public final class ReflectionException extends Exception {
+    ReflectionException(Throwable cause) {
+        super(cause.getMessage(), cause);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/SignalLostException.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/SignalLostException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..244ee66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/SignalLostException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+/** Base class for fast pair signal lost exceptions. */
+public class SignalLostException extends PairingException {
+    SignalLostException(String message, Exception e) {
+        super(message);
+        initCause(e);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/SignalRotatedException.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/SignalRotatedException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0d2a5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/SignalRotatedException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+/** Base class for fast pair signal rotated exceptions. */
+public class SignalRotatedException extends PairingException {
+    private final String mNewAddress;
+
+    SignalRotatedException(String message, String newAddress, Exception e) {
+        super(message);
+        this.mNewAddress = newAddress;
+        initCause(e);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the new BLE address for the model ID. */
+    public String getNewAddress() {
+        return mNewAddress;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/SimpleBroadcastReceiver.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/SimpleBroadcastReceiver.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f525a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/SimpleBroadcastReceiver.java
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.SettableFuture;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+/**
+ * Like {@link BroadcastReceiver}, but:
+ *
+ * <ul>
+ *   <li>Simpler to create and register, with a list of actions.
+ *   <li>Implements AutoCloseable. If used as a resource in try-with-resources (available on
+ *       KitKat+), unregisters itself automatically.
+ *   <li>Lets you block waiting for your state transition with {@link #await}.
+ * </ul>
+ */
+// AutoCloseable only available on KitKat+.
+@TargetApi(VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
+public abstract class SimpleBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver implements AutoCloseable {
+
+    private static final String TAG = SimpleBroadcastReceiver.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a one shot receiver.
+     */
+    public static SimpleBroadcastReceiver oneShotReceiver(
+            Context context, Preferences preferences, String... actions) {
+        return new SimpleBroadcastReceiver(context, preferences, actions) {
+            @Override
+            protected void onReceive(Intent intent) {
+                close();
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final SettableFuture<Void> mIsClosedFuture = SettableFuture.create();
+    private long mAwaitExtendSecond;
+
+    // Nullness checker complains about 'this' being @UnderInitialization
+    @SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+    public SimpleBroadcastReceiver(
+            Context context, Preferences preferences, @Nullable Handler handler,
+            String... actions) {
+        Log.v(TAG, this + " listening for actions " + Arrays.toString(actions));
+        this.mContext = context;
+        IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
+        if (preferences.getIncreaseIntentFilterPriority()) {
+            intentFilter.setPriority(IntentFilter.SYSTEM_HIGH_PRIORITY);
+        }
+        for (String action : actions) {
+            intentFilter.addAction(action);
+        }
+        context.registerReceiver(this, intentFilter, /* broadcastPermission= */ null, handler);
+    }
+
+    public SimpleBroadcastReceiver(Context context, Preferences preferences, String... actions) {
+        this(context, preferences, /* handler= */ null, actions);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Any exception thrown by this method will be delivered via {@link #await}.
+     */
+    protected abstract void onReceive(Intent intent) throws Exception;
+
+    @Override
+    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+        Log.v(TAG, "Got intent with action= " + intent.getAction());
+        try {
+            onReceive(intent);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            closeWithError(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() {
+        closeWithError(null);
+    }
+
+    void closeWithError(@Nullable Exception e) {
+        try {
+            mContext.unregisterReceiver(this);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException ignored) {
+            // Ignore. Happens if you unregister twice.
+        }
+        if (e == null) {
+            mIsClosedFuture.set(null);
+        } else {
+            mIsClosedFuture.setException(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Extends the awaiting time.
+     */
+    public void extendAwaitSecond(int awaitExtendSecond) {
+        this.mAwaitExtendSecond = awaitExtendSecond;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Blocks until this receiver has closed (i.e. the state transition that this receiver is
+     * interested in has completed). Throws an exception on any error.
+     */
+    public void await(long timeout, TimeUnit timeUnit)
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
+        Log.v(TAG, this + " waiting on future for " + timeout + " " + timeUnit);
+        try {
+            mIsClosedFuture.get(timeout, timeUnit);
+        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+            if (mAwaitExtendSecond <= 0) {
+                throw e;
+            }
+            Log.i(TAG, "Extend timeout for " + mAwaitExtendSecond + " seconds");
+            mIsClosedFuture.get(mAwaitExtendSecond, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TdsException.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TdsException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7382ff3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TdsException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs.BrEdrHandoverErrorCode;
+
+import com.google.errorprone.annotations.FormatMethod;
+
+/**
+ * Thrown when BR/EDR Handover fails.
+ */
+public class TdsException extends Exception {
+
+    final @BrEdrHandoverErrorCode int mErrorCode;
+
+    @FormatMethod
+    TdsException(@BrEdrHandoverErrorCode int errorCode, String format, Object... objects) {
+        super(String.format(format, objects));
+        this.mErrorCode = errorCode;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns error code. */
+    public @BrEdrHandoverErrorCode int getErrorCode() {
+        return mErrorCode;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TimingLogger.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TimingLogger.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83ee309
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TimingLogger.java
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.util.ArrayDeque;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
+
+/**
+ * A profiler for performance metrics.
+ *
+ * <p>This class aim to break down the execution time for each steps of process to figure out the
+ * bottleneck.
+ */
+public class TimingLogger {
+
+    private static final String TAG = TimingLogger.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    /**
+     * The name of this session.
+     */
+    private final String mName;
+
+    private final Preferences mPreference;
+
+    /**
+     * The ordered timing sequence data. It's composed by a paired {@link Timing} generated from
+     * {@link #start} and {@link #end}.
+     */
+    private final List<Timing> mTimings;
+
+    private final long mStartTimestampMs;
+
+    /** Constructor. */
+    public TimingLogger(String name, Preferences mPreference) {
+        this.mName = name;
+        this.mPreference = mPreference;
+        mTimings = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
+        mStartTimestampMs = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    List<Timing> getTimings() {
+        return mTimings;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start a new paired timing.
+     *
+     * @param label The split name of paired timing.
+     */
+    public void start(String label) {
+        if (mPreference.getEvaluatePerformance()) {
+            mTimings.add(new Timing(label));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * End a paired timing.
+     */
+    public void end() {
+        if (mPreference.getEvaluatePerformance()) {
+            mTimings.add(new Timing(Timing.END_LABEL));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Print out the timing data.
+     */
+    public void dump() {
+        if (!mPreference.getEvaluatePerformance()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        calculateTiming();
+        Log.i(TAG, mName + "[Exclusive time] / [Total time] ([Timestamp])");
+        int indentCount = 0;
+        for (Timing timing : mTimings) {
+            if (timing.isEndTiming()) {
+                indentCount--;
+                continue;
+            }
+            indentCount++;
+            if (timing.mExclusiveTime == timing.mTotalTime) {
+                Log.i(TAG, getIndentString(indentCount) + timing.mName + " " + timing.mExclusiveTime
+                        + "ms (" + getRelativeTimestamp(timing.getTimestamp()) + ")");
+            } else {
+                Log.i(TAG, getIndentString(indentCount) + timing.mName + " " + timing.mExclusiveTime
+                        + "ms / " + timing.mTotalTime + "ms (" + getRelativeTimestamp(
+                        timing.getTimestamp()) + ")");
+            }
+        }
+        Log.i(TAG, mName + "end, " + getTotalTime() + "ms");
+    }
+
+    private void calculateTiming() {
+        ArrayDeque<Timing> arrayDeque = new ArrayDeque<>();
+        for (Timing timing : mTimings) {
+            if (timing.isStartTiming()) {
+                arrayDeque.addFirst(timing);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            Timing timingStart = arrayDeque.removeFirst();
+            final long time = timing.mTimestamp - timingStart.mTimestamp;
+            timingStart.mExclusiveTime += time;
+            timingStart.mTotalTime += time;
+            if (!arrayDeque.isEmpty()) {
+                arrayDeque.peekFirst().mExclusiveTime -= time;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private String getIndentString(int indentCount) {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        for (int i = 0; i < indentCount; i++) {
+            sb.append("  ");
+        }
+        return sb.toString();
+    }
+
+    private long getRelativeTimestamp(long timestamp) {
+        return timestamp - mTimings.get(0).mTimestamp;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    long getTotalTime() {
+        return mTimings.get(mTimings.size() - 1).mTimestamp - mTimings.get(0).mTimestamp;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the current latency since this object was created.
+     */
+    public long getLatencyMs() {
+        return SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - mStartTimestampMs;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static class Timing {
+
+        private static final String END_LABEL = "END_LABEL";
+
+        /**
+         * The name of this paired timing.
+         */
+        private final String mName;
+
+        /**
+         * System uptime in millisecond.
+         */
+        private final long mTimestamp;
+
+        /**
+         * The execution time exclude inner split timings.
+         */
+        private long mExclusiveTime;
+
+        /**
+         * The execution time within a start and an end timing.
+         */
+        private long mTotalTime;
+
+        private Timing(String name) {
+            this.mName = name;
+            mTimestamp = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+            mExclusiveTime = 0;
+            mTotalTime = 0;
+        }
+
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        String getName() {
+            return mName;
+        }
+
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        long getTimestamp() {
+            return mTimestamp;
+        }
+
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        long getExclusiveTime() {
+            return mExclusiveTime;
+        }
+
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        long getTotalTime() {
+            return mTotalTime;
+        }
+
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        boolean isStartTiming() {
+            return !isEndTiming();
+        }
+
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        boolean isEndTiming() {
+            return END_LABEL.equals(mName);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This class ensures each split timing is paired with a start and an end timing.
+     */
+    public static class ScopedTiming implements AutoCloseable {
+
+        private final TimingLogger mTimingLogger;
+
+        public ScopedTiming(TimingLogger logger, String label) {
+            mTimingLogger = logger;
+            mTimingLogger.start(label);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() {
+            mTimingLogger.end();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ToggleBluetoothTask.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ToggleBluetoothTask.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..41ac9f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ToggleBluetoothTask.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+/** Task for toggling Bluetooth on and back off again. */
+interface ToggleBluetoothTask {
+
+    /**
+     * Toggles the bluetooth adapter off and back on again to help improve connection reliability.
+     *
+     * @throws InterruptedException when waiting for the bluetooth adapter's state to be set has
+     *     been interrupted.
+     * @throws ExecutionException when waiting for the bluetooth adapter's state to be set has
+     *     failed.
+     * @throws TimeoutException when the bluetooth adapter's state fails to be set on or off.
+     */
+    void toggleBluetooth() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException;
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattConnection.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattConnection.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de131e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattConnection.java
@@ -0,0 +1,781 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothStatusCodes;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothConsts;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothTimeoutException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.ReservedUuids;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattHelper.ConnectionOptions;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattHelper.OperationType;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothGattUtils;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.Operation;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.SynchronousOperation;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.BlockingDeque;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy;
+
+/**
+ * Gatt connection to a Bluetooth device.
+ */
+public class BluetoothGattConnection implements AutoCloseable {
+
+    private static final String TAG = BluetoothGattConnection.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final long OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(1);
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final long SLOW_OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(10);
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int GATT_INTERNAL_ERROR = 129;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int GATT_ERROR = 133;
+
+    private final BluetoothGattWrapper mGatt;
+    private final BluetoothOperationExecutor mBluetoothOperationExecutor;
+    private final ConnectionOptions mConnectionOptions;
+
+    private volatile boolean mServicesDiscovered = false;
+
+    private volatile boolean mIsConnected = false;
+
+    private volatile int mMtu = BluetoothConsts.DEFAULT_MTU;
+
+    private final ConcurrentMap<BluetoothGattCharacteristic, ChangeObserver> mChangeObservers =
+            new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    private final List<ConnectionCloseListener> mCloseListeners = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    private long mOperationTimeoutMillis = OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS;
+
+    BluetoothGattConnection(
+            BluetoothGattWrapper gatt,
+            BluetoothOperationExecutor bluetoothOperationExecutor,
+            ConnectionOptions connectionOptions) {
+        mGatt = gatt;
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor = bluetoothOperationExecutor;
+        mConnectionOptions = connectionOptions;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set operation timeout.
+     */
+    public void setOperationTimeout(long timeoutMillis) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(timeoutMillis > 0, "invalid time out value");
+        mOperationTimeoutMillis = timeoutMillis;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns connected device.
+     */
+    public BluetoothDevice getDevice() {
+        return mGatt.getDevice();
+    }
+
+    public ConnectionOptions getConnectionOptions() {
+        return mConnectionOptions;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isConnected() {
+        return mIsConnected;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get service.
+     */
+    public BluetoothGattService getService(UUID uuid) throws BluetoothException {
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("Getting service %s.", uuid));
+        if (!mServicesDiscovered) {
+            discoverServices();
+        }
+        BluetoothGattService match = null;
+        for (BluetoothGattService service : mGatt.getServices()) {
+            if (service.getUuid().equals(uuid)) {
+                if (match != null) {
+                    throw new BluetoothException(
+                            String.format("More than one service %s found on device %s.",
+                                    uuid,
+                                    mGatt.getDevice()));
+                }
+                match = service;
+            }
+        }
+        if (match == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(String.format("Service %s not found on device %s.",
+                    uuid,
+                    mGatt.getDevice()));
+        }
+        Log.d(TAG, "Service found.");
+        return match;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a list of all characteristics under a given service UUID.
+     */
+    private List<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> getCharacteristics(UUID serviceUuid)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        if (!mServicesDiscovered) {
+            discoverServices();
+        }
+        ArrayList<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> characteristics = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (BluetoothGattService service : mGatt.getServices()) {
+            // Add all characteristics under this service if its service UUID matches.
+            if (service.getUuid().equals(serviceUuid)) {
+                characteristics.addAll(service.getCharacteristics());
+            }
+        }
+        return characteristics;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get characteristic.
+     */
+    public BluetoothGattCharacteristic getCharacteristic(UUID serviceUuid,
+            UUID characteristicUuid) throws BluetoothException {
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("Getting characteristic %s on service %s.", characteristicUuid,
+                serviceUuid));
+        BluetoothGattCharacteristic match = null;
+        for (BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic : getCharacteristics(serviceUuid)) {
+            if (characteristic.getUuid().equals(characteristicUuid)) {
+                if (match != null) {
+                    throw new BluetoothException(String.format(
+                            "More than one characteristic %s found on service %s on device %s.",
+                            characteristicUuid,
+                            serviceUuid,
+                            mGatt.getDevice()));
+                }
+                match = characteristic;
+            }
+        }
+        if (match == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(String.format(
+                    "Characteristic %s not found on service %s of device %s.",
+                    characteristicUuid,
+                    serviceUuid,
+                    mGatt.getDevice()));
+        }
+        Log.d(TAG, "Characteristic found.");
+        return match;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get descriptor.
+     */
+    public BluetoothGattDescriptor getDescriptor(UUID serviceUuid,
+            UUID characteristicUuid, UUID descriptorUuid) throws BluetoothException {
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("Getting descriptor %s on characteristic %s on service %s.",
+                descriptorUuid, characteristicUuid, serviceUuid));
+        BluetoothGattDescriptor match = null;
+        for (BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor :
+                getCharacteristic(serviceUuid, characteristicUuid).getDescriptors()) {
+            if (descriptor.getUuid().equals(descriptorUuid)) {
+                if (match != null) {
+                    throw new BluetoothException(String.format("More than one descriptor %s found "
+                                    + "on characteristic %s service %s on device %s.",
+                            descriptorUuid,
+                            characteristicUuid,
+                            serviceUuid,
+                            mGatt.getDevice()));
+                }
+                match = descriptor;
+            }
+        }
+        if (match == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(String.format(
+                    "Descriptor %s not found on characteristic %s on service %s of device %s.",
+                    descriptorUuid,
+                    characteristicUuid,
+                    serviceUuid,
+                    mGatt.getDevice()));
+        }
+        Log.d(TAG, "Descriptor found.");
+        return match;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Discover services.
+     */
+    public void discoverServices() throws BluetoothException {
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor.execute(
+                new SynchronousOperation<Void>(OperationType.DISCOVER_SERVICES) {
+                    @Nullable
+                    @Override
+                    public Void call() throws BluetoothException {
+                        if (mServicesDiscovered) {
+                            return null;
+                        }
+                        boolean forceRefresh = false;
+                        try {
+                            discoverServicesInternal();
+                        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                            if (!(e instanceof BluetoothGattException)) {
+                                throw e;
+                            }
+                            int errorCode = ((BluetoothGattException) e).getGattErrorCode();
+                            if (errorCode != GATT_ERROR && errorCode != GATT_INTERNAL_ERROR) {
+                                throw e;
+                            }
+                            Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()
+                                    + "\n Ignore the gatt error for post MNC apis and force "
+                                    + "a refresh");
+                            forceRefresh = true;
+                        }
+
+                        forceRefreshServiceCacheIfNeeded(forceRefresh);
+
+                        mServicesDiscovered = true;
+
+                        return null;
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    private void discoverServicesInternal() throws BluetoothException {
+        Log.i(TAG, "Starting services discovery.");
+        long startTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        try {
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.execute(
+                    new Operation<Void>(OperationType.DISCOVER_SERVICES_INTERNAL, mGatt) {
+                        @Override
+                        public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                            boolean success = mGatt.discoverServices();
+                            if (!success) {
+                                throw new BluetoothException(
+                                        "gatt.discoverServices returned false.");
+                            }
+                        }
+                    },
+                    SLOW_OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
+            Log.i(TAG, String.format("Services discovered successfully in %s ms.",
+                    System.currentTimeMillis() - startTimeMillis));
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            if (e instanceof BluetoothGattException) {
+                throw new BluetoothGattException(String.format(
+                        "Failed to discover services on device: %s.",
+                        mGatt.getDevice()), ((BluetoothGattException) e).getGattErrorCode(), e);
+            } else {
+                throw new BluetoothException(String.format(
+                        "Failed to discover services on device: %s.",
+                        mGatt.getDevice()), e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean hasDynamicServices() {
+        BluetoothGattService gattService =
+                mGatt.getService(ReservedUuids.Services.GENERIC_ATTRIBUTE);
+        if (gattService != null) {
+            BluetoothGattCharacteristic serviceChange =
+                    gattService.getCharacteristic(ReservedUuids.Characteristics.SERVICE_CHANGE);
+            if (serviceChange != null) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Check whether the server contains a self defined service dynamic characteristic.
+        gattService = mGatt.getService(BluetoothConsts.SERVICE_DYNAMIC_SERVICE);
+        if (gattService != null) {
+            BluetoothGattCharacteristic serviceChange =
+                    gattService.getCharacteristic(BluetoothConsts.SERVICE_DYNAMIC_CHARACTERISTIC);
+            if (serviceChange != null) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private void forceRefreshServiceCacheIfNeeded(boolean forceRefresh) throws BluetoothException {
+        if (mGatt.getDevice().getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
+            // Device is not bonded, so services should not have been cached.
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (!forceRefresh && !hasDynamicServices()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        Log.i(TAG, "Forcing a refresh of local cache of GATT services");
+        boolean success = mGatt.refresh();
+        if (!success) {
+            throw new BluetoothException("gatt.refresh returned false.");
+        }
+        discoverServicesInternal();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Read characteristic.
+     */
+    public byte[] readCharacteristic(UUID serviceUuid, UUID characteristicUuid)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        return readCharacteristic(getCharacteristic(serviceUuid, characteristicUuid));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Read characteristic.
+     */
+    public byte[] readCharacteristic(final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        try {
+            return mBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                    new Operation<byte[]>(OperationType.READ_CHARACTERISTIC, mGatt,
+                            characteristic) {
+                        @Override
+                        public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                            boolean success = mGatt.readCharacteristic(characteristic);
+                            if (!success) {
+                                throw new BluetoothException(
+                                        "gatt.readCharacteristic returned false.");
+                            }
+                        }
+                    },
+                    mOperationTimeoutMillis);
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(String.format(
+                    "Failed to read %s on device %s.",
+                    BluetoothGattUtils.toString(characteristic),
+                    mGatt.getDevice()), e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes Characteristic.
+     */
+    public void writeCharacteristic(UUID serviceUuid, UUID characteristicUuid, byte[] value)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        writeCharacteristic(getCharacteristic(serviceUuid, characteristicUuid), value);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes Characteristic.
+     */
+    public void writeCharacteristic(final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
+            final byte[] value) throws BluetoothException {
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("Writing %d bytes on %s on device %s.",
+                value.length,
+                BluetoothGattUtils.toString(characteristic),
+                mGatt.getDevice()));
+        if ((characteristic.getProperties() & (BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE
+                | BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE_NO_RESPONSE)) == 0) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(String.format("%s is not writable!", characteristic));
+        }
+        try {
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.execute(
+                    new Operation<Void>(OperationType.WRITE_CHARACTERISTIC, mGatt, characteristic) {
+                        @Override
+                        public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                            int writeCharacteristicResponseCode = mGatt.writeCharacteristic(
+                                    characteristic, value, characteristic.getWriteType());
+                            if (writeCharacteristicResponseCode != BluetoothStatusCodes.SUCCESS) {
+                                throw new BluetoothException(
+                                        "gatt.writeCharacteristic returned "
+                                        + writeCharacteristicResponseCode);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    },
+                    mOperationTimeoutMillis);
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(String.format(
+                    "Failed to write %s on device %s.",
+                    BluetoothGattUtils.toString(characteristic),
+                    mGatt.getDevice()), e);
+        }
+        Log.d(TAG, "Writing characteristic done.");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads descriptor.
+     */
+    public byte[] readDescriptor(UUID serviceUuid, UUID characteristicUuid, UUID descriptorUuid)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        return readDescriptor(getDescriptor(serviceUuid, characteristicUuid, descriptorUuid));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads descriptor.
+     */
+    public byte[] readDescriptor(final BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        try {
+            return mBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                    new Operation<byte[]>(OperationType.READ_DESCRIPTOR, mGatt, descriptor) {
+                        @Override
+                        public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                            boolean success = mGatt.readDescriptor(descriptor);
+                            if (!success) {
+                                throw new BluetoothException("gatt.readDescriptor returned false.");
+                            }
+                        }
+                    },
+                    mOperationTimeoutMillis);
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(String.format(
+                    "Failed to read %s on %s on device %s.",
+                    descriptor.getUuid(),
+                    BluetoothGattUtils.toString(descriptor),
+                    mGatt.getDevice()), e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes descriptor.
+     */
+    public void writeDescriptor(UUID serviceUuid, UUID characteristicUuid, UUID descriptorUuid,
+            byte[] value) throws BluetoothException {
+        writeDescriptor(getDescriptor(serviceUuid, characteristicUuid, descriptorUuid), value);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes descriptor.
+     */
+    public void writeDescriptor(final BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, final byte[] value)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format(
+                "Writing %d bytes on %s on device %s.",
+                value.length,
+                BluetoothGattUtils.toString(descriptor),
+                mGatt.getDevice()));
+        long startTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        try {
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.execute(
+                    new Operation<Void>(OperationType.WRITE_DESCRIPTOR, mGatt, descriptor) {
+                        @Override
+                        public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                            int writeDescriptorResponseCode = mGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor,
+                                    value);
+                            if (writeDescriptorResponseCode != BluetoothStatusCodes.SUCCESS) {
+                                throw new BluetoothException(
+                                        "gatt.writeDescriptor returned "
+                                        + writeDescriptorResponseCode);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    },
+                    mOperationTimeoutMillis);
+            Log.d(TAG, String.format("Writing descriptor done in %s ms.",
+                    System.currentTimeMillis() - startTimeMillis));
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(String.format(
+                    "Failed to write %s on device %s.",
+                    BluetoothGattUtils.toString(descriptor),
+                    mGatt.getDevice()), e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads remote Rssi.
+     */
+    public int readRemoteRssi() throws BluetoothException {
+        try {
+            return mBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                    new Operation<Integer>(OperationType.READ_RSSI, mGatt) {
+                        @Override
+                        public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                            boolean success = mGatt.readRemoteRssi();
+                            if (!success) {
+                                throw new BluetoothException("gatt.readRemoteRssi returned false.");
+                            }
+                        }
+                    },
+                    mOperationTimeoutMillis);
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(
+                    String.format("Failed to read rssi on device %s.", mGatt.getDevice()), e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getMtu() {
+        return mMtu;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get max data packet size.
+     */
+    public int getMaxDataPacketSize() {
+        // Per BT specs (3.2.9), only MTU - 3 bytes can be used to transmit data
+        return mMtu - 3;
+    }
+
+    /** Set notification enabled or disabled. */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public void setNotificationEnabled(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean enabled)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        boolean isIndication;
+        int properties = characteristic.getProperties();
+        if ((properties & BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY) != 0) {
+            isIndication = false;
+        } else if ((properties & BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_INDICATE) != 0) {
+            isIndication = true;
+        } else {
+            throw new BluetoothException(String.format(
+                    "%s on device %s supports neither notifications nor indications.",
+                    BluetoothGattUtils.toString(characteristic),
+                    mGatt.getDevice()));
+        }
+        BluetoothGattDescriptor clientConfigDescriptor =
+                characteristic.getDescriptor(
+                        ReservedUuids.Descriptors.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION);
+        if (clientConfigDescriptor == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(String.format(
+                    "%s on device %s is missing client config descriptor.",
+                    BluetoothGattUtils.toString(characteristic),
+                    mGatt.getDevice()));
+        }
+        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("%s %s on characteristic %s.", enabled ? "Enabling" : "Disabling",
+                isIndication ? "indication" : "notification", characteristic.getUuid()));
+
+        if (enabled) {
+            mGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, enabled);
+        }
+        writeDescriptor(clientConfigDescriptor,
+                enabled
+                        ? (isIndication
+                        ? BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_INDICATION_VALUE :
+                        BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE)
+                        : BluetoothGattDescriptor.DISABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE);
+        if (!enabled) {
+            mGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, enabled);
+        }
+
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("Done in %d ms.", System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Enables notification.
+     */
+    public ChangeObserver enableNotification(UUID serviceUuid, UUID characteristicUuid)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        return enableNotification(getCharacteristic(serviceUuid, characteristicUuid));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Enables notification.
+     */
+    public ChangeObserver enableNotification(final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        return mBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new SynchronousOperation<ChangeObserver>(
+                        OperationType.NOTIFICATION_CHANGE,
+                        characteristic) {
+                    @Override
+                    public ChangeObserver call() throws BluetoothException {
+                        ChangeObserver changeObserver = new ChangeObserver();
+                        mChangeObservers.put(characteristic, changeObserver);
+                        setNotificationEnabled(characteristic, true);
+                        return changeObserver;
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Disables notification.
+     */
+    public void disableNotification(UUID serviceUuid, UUID characteristicUuid)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        disableNotification(getCharacteristic(serviceUuid, characteristicUuid));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Disables notification.
+     */
+    public void disableNotification(final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor.execute(
+                new SynchronousOperation<Void>(
+                        OperationType.NOTIFICATION_CHANGE,
+                        characteristic) {
+                    @Nullable
+                    @Override
+                    public Void call() throws BluetoothException {
+                        setNotificationEnabled(characteristic, false);
+                        mChangeObservers.remove(characteristic);
+                        return null;
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a close listener.
+     */
+    public void addCloseListener(ConnectionCloseListener listener) {
+        mCloseListeners.add(listener);
+        if (!mIsConnected) {
+            listener.onClose();
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes a close listener.
+     */
+    public void removeCloseListener(ConnectionCloseListener listener) {
+        mCloseListeners.remove(listener);
+    }
+
+    /** onCharacteristicChanged callback. */
+    public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, byte[] value) {
+        ChangeObserver observer = mChangeObservers.get(characteristic);
+        if (observer == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        observer.onValueChange(value);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() throws BluetoothException {
+        Log.d(TAG, "close");
+        try {
+            if (!mIsConnected) {
+                // Don't call disconnect on a closed connection, since Android framework won't
+                // provide any feedback.
+                return;
+            }
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.execute(
+                    new Operation<Void>(OperationType.DISCONNECT, mGatt.getDevice()) {
+                        @Override
+                        public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                            mGatt.disconnect();
+                        }
+                    }, mOperationTimeoutMillis);
+        } finally {
+            mGatt.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** onConnected callback. */
+    public void onConnected() {
+        Log.d(TAG, "onConnected");
+        mIsConnected = true;
+    }
+
+    /** onClosed callback. */
+    public void onClosed() {
+        Log.d(TAG, "onClosed");
+        if (!mIsConnected) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mIsConnected = false;
+        for (ConnectionCloseListener listener : mCloseListeners) {
+            listener.onClose();
+        }
+        mGatt.close();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Observer to wait or be called back when value change.
+     */
+    public static class ChangeObserver {
+
+        private final BlockingDeque<byte[]> mValues = new LinkedBlockingDeque<byte[]>();
+
+        @GuardedBy("mValues")
+        @Nullable
+        private volatile CharacteristicChangeListener mListener;
+
+        /**
+         * Set listener.
+         */
+        public void setListener(@Nullable CharacteristicChangeListener listener) {
+            synchronized (mValues) {
+                mListener = listener;
+                if (listener != null) {
+                    byte[] value;
+                    while ((value = mValues.poll()) != null) {
+                        listener.onValueChange(value);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * onValueChange callback.
+         */
+        public void onValueChange(byte[] newValue) {
+            synchronized (mValues) {
+                CharacteristicChangeListener listener = mListener;
+                if (listener == null) {
+                    mValues.add(newValue);
+                } else {
+                    listener.onValueChange(newValue);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Waits for update for a given time.
+         */
+        public byte[] waitForUpdate(long timeoutMillis) throws BluetoothException {
+            byte[] result;
+            try {
+                result = mValues.poll(timeoutMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                throw new BluetoothException("Operation interrupted.");
+            }
+            if (result == null) {
+                throw new BluetoothTimeoutException(
+                        String.format("Operation timed out after %dms", timeoutMillis));
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Listener for characteristic data changes over notifications or indications.
+     */
+    public interface CharacteristicChangeListener {
+
+        /**
+         * onValueChange callback.
+         */
+        void onValueChange(byte[] newValue);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Listener for connection close events.
+     */
+    public interface ConnectionCloseListener {
+
+        /**
+         * onClose callback.
+         */
+        void onClose();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattHelper.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..18a9f5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,690 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanSettings;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.IntDef;
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.BluetoothOperationTimeoutException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.Operation;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy;
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper of {@link BluetoothGattWrapper} that provides blocking methods, errors and timeout
+ * handling.
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings("Guava") // java.util.Optional is not available until API 24
+public class BluetoothGattHelper {
+
+    private static final String TAG = BluetoothGattHelper.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final long LOW_LATENCY_SCAN_MILLIS = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(5);
+    private static final long POLL_INTERVAL_MILLIS = 5L /* milliseconds */;
+
+    /**
+     * BT operation types that can be in flight.
+     */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(
+            value = {
+                    OperationType.SCAN,
+                    OperationType.CONNECT,
+                    OperationType.DISCOVER_SERVICES,
+                    OperationType.DISCOVER_SERVICES_INTERNAL,
+                    OperationType.NOTIFICATION_CHANGE,
+                    OperationType.READ_CHARACTERISTIC,
+                    OperationType.WRITE_CHARACTERISTIC,
+                    OperationType.READ_DESCRIPTOR,
+                    OperationType.WRITE_DESCRIPTOR,
+                    OperationType.READ_RSSI,
+                    OperationType.WRITE_RELIABLE,
+                    OperationType.CHANGE_MTU,
+                    OperationType.DISCONNECT,
+            })
+    public @interface OperationType {
+        int SCAN = 0;
+        int CONNECT = 1;
+        int DISCOVER_SERVICES = 2;
+        int DISCOVER_SERVICES_INTERNAL = 3;
+        int NOTIFICATION_CHANGE = 4;
+        int READ_CHARACTERISTIC = 5;
+        int WRITE_CHARACTERISTIC = 6;
+        int READ_DESCRIPTOR = 7;
+        int WRITE_DESCRIPTOR = 8;
+        int READ_RSSI = 9;
+        int WRITE_RELIABLE = 10;
+        int CHANGE_MTU = 11;
+        int DISCONNECT = 12;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final ScanCallback mScanCallback = new InternalScanCallback();
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final BluetoothGattCallback mBluetoothGattCallback =
+            new InternalBluetoothGattCallback();
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final ConcurrentMap<BluetoothGattWrapper, BluetoothGattConnection> mConnections =
+            new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    private final Context mApplicationContext;
+    private final BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
+    private final BluetoothOperationExecutor mBluetoothOperationExecutor;
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    BluetoothGattHelper(
+            Context applicationContext,
+            BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter,
+            BluetoothOperationExecutor bluetoothOperationExecutor) {
+        mApplicationContext = applicationContext;
+        mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothAdapter;
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor = bluetoothOperationExecutor;
+    }
+
+    public BluetoothGattHelper(Context applicationContext, BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter) {
+        this(
+                Preconditions.checkNotNull(applicationContext),
+                Preconditions.checkNotNull(bluetoothAdapter),
+                new BluetoothOperationExecutor(5));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Auto-connects a serice Uuid.
+     */
+    public BluetoothGattConnection autoConnect(final UUID serviceUuid) throws BluetoothException {
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("Starting autoconnection to a device advertising service %s.",
+                serviceUuid));
+        BluetoothDevice device = null;
+        int retries = 3;
+        final BluetoothLeScanner scanner = mBluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner();
+        if (scanner == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothException("Bluetooth is disabled or LE is not supported.");
+        }
+        final ScanFilter serviceFilter = new ScanFilter.Builder()
+                .setServiceUuid(new ParcelUuid(serviceUuid))
+                .build();
+        ScanSettings.Builder scanSettingsBuilder = new ScanSettings.Builder()
+                .setReportDelay(0);
+        final ScanSettings scanSettingsLowLatency = scanSettingsBuilder
+                .setScanMode(ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
+                .build();
+        final ScanSettings scanSettingsLowPower = scanSettingsBuilder
+                .setScanMode(ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER)
+                .build();
+        while (true) {
+            long startTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
+            try {
+                Log.d(TAG, "Starting low latency scanning.");
+                device =
+                        mBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                                new Operation<BluetoothDevice>(OperationType.SCAN) {
+                                    @Override
+                                    public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                                        scanner.startScan(Arrays.asList(serviceFilter),
+                                                scanSettingsLowLatency, mScanCallback);
+                                    }
+                                }, LOW_LATENCY_SCAN_MILLIS);
+            } catch (BluetoothOperationTimeoutException e) {
+                Log.d(TAG, String.format(
+                        "Cannot find a nearby device in low latency scanning after %s ms.",
+                        LOW_LATENCY_SCAN_MILLIS));
+            } finally {
+                scanner.stopScan(mScanCallback);
+            }
+            if (device == null) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "Starting low power scanning.");
+                try {
+                    device = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                            new Operation<BluetoothDevice>(OperationType.SCAN) {
+                                @Override
+                                public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                                    scanner.startScan(Arrays.asList(serviceFilter),
+                                            scanSettingsLowPower, mScanCallback);
+                                }
+                            });
+                } finally {
+                    scanner.stopScan(mScanCallback);
+                }
+            }
+            Log.d(TAG, String.format("Scanning done in %d ms. Found device %s.",
+                    System.currentTimeMillis() - startTimeMillis, device));
+
+            try {
+                return connect(device);
+            } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                retries--;
+                if (retries == 0) {
+                    throw e;
+                } else {
+                    Log.d(TAG, String.format(
+                            "Connection failed: %s. Retrying %d more times.", e, retries));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Connects to a device using default connection options.
+     */
+    public BluetoothGattConnection connect(BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        return connect(bluetoothDevice, ConnectionOptions.builder().build());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Connects to a device using specifies connection options.
+     */
+    public BluetoothGattConnection connect(
+            BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice, ConnectionOptions options) throws BluetoothException {
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("Connecting to device %s.", bluetoothDevice));
+        long startTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
+
+        Operation<BluetoothGattConnection> connectOperation =
+                new Operation<BluetoothGattConnection>(OperationType.CONNECT, bluetoothDevice) {
+                    private final Object mLock = new Object();
+
+                    @GuardedBy("mLock")
+                    private boolean mIsCanceled = false;
+
+                    @GuardedBy("mLock")
+                    @Nullable(/* null before operation is executed */)
+                    private BluetoothGattWrapper mBluetoothGatt;
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                        synchronized (mLock) {
+                            if (mIsCanceled) {
+                                return;
+                            }
+                            BluetoothGattWrapper bluetoothGattWrapper;
+                            Log.d(TAG, "Use LE transport");
+                            bluetoothGattWrapper =
+                                    bluetoothDevice.connectGatt(
+                                            mApplicationContext,
+                                            options.autoConnect(),
+                                            mBluetoothGattCallback,
+                                            android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_LE);
+                            if (bluetoothGattWrapper == null) {
+                                throw new BluetoothException("connectGatt() returned null.");
+                            }
+
+                            try {
+                                // Set connection priority without waiting for connection callback.
+                                // Per code, btif_gatt_client.c, when priority is set before
+                                // connection, this sets preferred connection parameters that will
+                                // be used during the connection establishment.
+                                Optional<Integer> connectionPriorityOption =
+                                        options.connectionPriority();
+                                if (connectionPriorityOption.isPresent()) {
+                                    // requestConnectionPriority can only be called when
+                                    // BluetoothGatt is connected to the system BluetoothGatt
+                                    // service (see android/bluetooth/BluetoothGatt.java code).
+                                    // However, there is no callback to the app to inform when this
+                                    // is done. requestConnectionPriority will returns false with no
+                                    // side-effect before the service is connected, so we just poll
+                                    // here until true is returned.
+                                    int connectionPriority = connectionPriorityOption.get();
+                                    long startTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
+                                    while (!bluetoothGattWrapper.requestConnectionPriority(
+                                            connectionPriority)) {
+                                        if (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTimeMillis
+                                                > options.connectionTimeoutMillis()) {
+                                            throw new BluetoothException(
+                                                    String.format(
+                                                            Locale.US,
+                                                            "Failed to set connectionPriority "
+                                                                    + "after %dms.",
+                                                            options.connectionTimeoutMillis()));
+                                        }
+                                        try {
+                                            Thread.sleep(POLL_INTERVAL_MILLIS);
+                                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                                            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                                            throw new BluetoothException(
+                                                    "connect() operation interrupted.");
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            } catch (Exception e) {
+                                // Make sure to clean connection.
+                                bluetoothGattWrapper.disconnect();
+                                bluetoothGattWrapper.close();
+                                throw e;
+                            }
+
+                            BluetoothGattConnection connection = new BluetoothGattConnection(
+                                    bluetoothGattWrapper, mBluetoothOperationExecutor, options);
+                            mConnections.put(bluetoothGattWrapper, connection);
+                            mBluetoothGatt = bluetoothGattWrapper;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void cancel() {
+                        // Clean connection if connection times out.
+                        synchronized (mLock) {
+                            if (mIsCanceled) {
+                                return;
+                            }
+                            mIsCanceled = true;
+                            BluetoothGattWrapper bluetoothGattWrapper = mBluetoothGatt;
+                            if (bluetoothGattWrapper == null) {
+                                return;
+                            }
+                            mConnections.remove(bluetoothGattWrapper);
+                            bluetoothGattWrapper.disconnect();
+                            bluetoothGattWrapper.close();
+                        }
+                    }
+                };
+        BluetoothGattConnection result;
+        if (options.autoConnect()) {
+            result = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(connectOperation);
+        } else {
+            result =
+                    mBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                            connectOperation, options.connectionTimeoutMillis());
+        }
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("Connection success in %d ms.",
+                System.currentTimeMillis() - startTimeMillis));
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private BluetoothGattConnection getConnectionByGatt(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        BluetoothGattConnection connection = mConnections.get(gatt);
+        if (connection == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothException("Receive callback on unexpected device: " + gatt);
+        }
+        return connection;
+    }
+
+    private class InternalBluetoothGattCallback extends BluetoothGattCallback {
+
+        @Override
+        public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, int status, int newState) {
+            BluetoothGattConnection connection;
+            BluetoothDevice device = gatt.getDevice();
+            switch (newState) {
+                case BluetoothGatt.STATE_CONNECTED: {
+                    connection = mConnections.get(gatt);
+                    if (connection == null) {
+                        Log.w(TAG, String.format(
+                                "Received unexpected successful connection for dev %s! Ignoring.",
+                                device));
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    Operation<BluetoothGattConnection> operation =
+                            new Operation<>(OperationType.CONNECT, device);
+                    if (status != BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
+                        mConnections.remove(gatt);
+                        gatt.disconnect();
+                        gatt.close();
+                        mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(operation, status, null);
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    // Process connection options
+                    ConnectionOptions options = connection.getConnectionOptions();
+                    Optional<Integer> mtuOption = options.mtu();
+                    if (mtuOption.isPresent()) {
+                        // Requesting MTU and waiting for MTU callback.
+                        boolean success = gatt.requestMtu(mtuOption.get());
+                        if (!success) {
+                            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyFailure(operation,
+                                    new BluetoothException(String.format(Locale.US,
+                                            "Failed to request MTU of %d for dev %s: "
+                                                    + "returned false.",
+                                            mtuOption.get(), device)));
+                            // Make sure to clean connection.
+                            mConnections.remove(gatt);
+                            gatt.disconnect();
+                            gatt.close();
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    // Connection successful
+                    connection.onConnected();
+                    mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(operation, status, connection);
+                    break;
+                }
+                case BluetoothGatt.STATE_DISCONNECTED: {
+                    connection = mConnections.remove(gatt);
+                    if (connection == null) {
+                        Log.w(TAG, String.format("Received unexpected disconnection"
+                                + " for device %s! Ignoring.", device));
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    if (!connection.isConnected()) {
+                        // This is a failed connection attempt
+                        if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
+                            // This is weird... considering this as a failure
+                            Log.w(TAG, String.format(
+                                    "Received a success for a failed connection "
+                                            + "attempt for device %s! Ignoring.", device));
+                            status = BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE;
+                        }
+                        mBluetoothOperationExecutor
+                                .notifyCompletion(new Operation<BluetoothGattConnection>(
+                                        OperationType.CONNECT, device), status, null);
+                        // Clean Gatt object in every case.
+                        gatt.disconnect();
+                        gatt.close();
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    connection.onClosed();
+                    mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(
+                            new Operation<>(OperationType.DISCONNECT, device), status);
+                    break;
+                }
+                default:
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Unexpected connection state: " + newState);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, int mtu, int status) {
+            BluetoothGattConnection connection = mConnections.get(gatt);
+            BluetoothDevice device = gatt.getDevice();
+            if (connection == null) {
+                Log.w(TAG, String.format(
+                        "Received unexpected MTU change for device %s! Ignoring.", device));
+                return;
+            }
+            if (connection.isConnected()) {
+                // This is the callback for the deprecated BluetoothGattConnection.requestMtu.
+                mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(
+                        new Operation<>(OperationType.CHANGE_MTU, gatt), status, mtu);
+            } else {
+                // This is the callback when requesting MTU right after connecting.
+                connection.onConnected();
+                mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(
+                        new Operation<>(OperationType.CONNECT, device), status, connection);
+                if (status != BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, String.format(
+                            "%s responds MTU change failed, status %s.", device, status));
+                    // Clean connection if it's failed.
+                    mConnections.remove(gatt);
+                    gatt.disconnect();
+                    gatt.close();
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, int status) {
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(
+                    new Operation<Void>(OperationType.DISCOVER_SERVICES_INTERNAL, gatt), status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt,
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(
+                    new Operation<byte[]>(OperationType.READ_CHARACTERISTIC, gatt, characteristic),
+                    status, characteristic.getValue());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt,
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(new Operation<Void>(
+                    OperationType.WRITE_CHARACTERISTIC, gatt, characteristic), status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorRead(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor,
+                int status) {
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(
+                    new Operation<byte[]>(OperationType.READ_DESCRIPTOR, gatt, descriptor), status,
+                    descriptor.getValue());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorWrite(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor,
+                int status) {
+            Log.d(TAG, String.format("onDescriptorWrite %s, %s, %d",
+                    gatt.getDevice(), descriptor.getUuid(), status));
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(
+                    new Operation<Void>(OperationType.WRITE_DESCRIPTOR, gatt, descriptor), status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, int rssi, int status) {
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(
+                    new Operation<Integer>(OperationType.READ_RSSI, gatt), status, rssi);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onReliableWriteCompleted(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, int status) {
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyCompletion(
+                    new Operation<Void>(OperationType.WRITE_RELIABLE, gatt), status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt,
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
+            byte[] value = characteristic.getValue();
+            if (value == null) {
+                // Value is not supposed to be null, but just to be safe...
+                value = new byte[0];
+            }
+            Log.d(TAG, String.format("Characteristic %s changed, Gatt device: %s",
+                    characteristic.getUuid(), gatt.getDevice()));
+            try {
+                getConnectionByGatt(gatt).onCharacteristicChanged(characteristic, value);
+            } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Error in onCharacteristicChanged", e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class InternalScanCallback extends ScanCallback {
+
+        @Override
+        public void onScanFailed(int errorCode) {
+            String errorMessage;
+            switch (errorCode) {
+                case ScanCallback.SCAN_FAILED_ALREADY_STARTED:
+                    errorMessage = "SCAN_FAILED_ALREADY_STARTED";
+                    break;
+                case ScanCallback.SCAN_FAILED_APPLICATION_REGISTRATION_FAILED:
+                    errorMessage = "SCAN_FAILED_APPLICATION_REGISTRATION_FAILED";
+                    break;
+                case ScanCallback.SCAN_FAILED_FEATURE_UNSUPPORTED:
+                    errorMessage = "SCAN_FAILED_FEATURE_UNSUPPORTED";
+                    break;
+                case ScanCallback.SCAN_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR:
+                    errorMessage = "SCAN_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR";
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    errorMessage = "Unknown error code - " + errorCode;
+            }
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifyFailure(
+                    new Operation<BluetoothDevice>(OperationType.SCAN),
+                    new BluetoothException("Scan failed: " + errorMessage));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
+            mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifySuccess(
+                    new Operation<BluetoothDevice>(OperationType.SCAN), result.getDevice());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Options for {@link #connect}.
+     */
+    public static class ConnectionOptions {
+
+        private boolean mAutoConnect;
+        private long mConnectionTimeoutMillis;
+        private Optional<Integer> mConnectionPriority;
+        private Optional<Integer> mMtu;
+
+        private ConnectionOptions(boolean autoConnect, long connectionTimeoutMillis,
+                Optional<Integer> connectionPriority,
+                Optional<Integer> mtu) {
+            this.mAutoConnect = autoConnect;
+            this.mConnectionTimeoutMillis = connectionTimeoutMillis;
+            this.mConnectionPriority = connectionPriority;
+            this.mMtu = mtu;
+        }
+
+        boolean autoConnect() {
+            return mAutoConnect;
+        }
+
+        long connectionTimeoutMillis() {
+            return mConnectionTimeoutMillis;
+        }
+
+        Optional<Integer> connectionPriority() {
+            return mConnectionPriority;
+        }
+
+        Optional<Integer> mtu() {
+            return mMtu;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "ConnectionOptions{"
+                    + "autoConnect=" + mAutoConnect + ", "
+                    + "connectionTimeoutMillis=" + mConnectionTimeoutMillis + ", "
+                    + "connectionPriority=" + mConnectionPriority + ", "
+                    + "mtu=" + mMtu
+                    + "}";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (this == o) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (o instanceof ConnectionOptions) {
+                ConnectionOptions that = (ConnectionOptions) o;
+                return this.mAutoConnect == that.autoConnect()
+                        && this.mConnectionTimeoutMillis == that.connectionTimeoutMillis()
+                        && this.mConnectionPriority.equals(that.connectionPriority())
+                        && this.mMtu.equals(that.mtu());
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hash(mAutoConnect, mConnectionTimeoutMillis, mConnectionPriority, mMtu);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Creates a builder of ConnectionOptions.
+         */
+        public static Builder builder() {
+            return new ConnectionOptions.Builder()
+                    .setAutoConnect(false)
+                    .setConnectionTimeoutMillis(TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(5));
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Builder for {@link ConnectionOptions}.
+         */
+        public static class Builder {
+
+            private boolean mAutoConnect;
+            private long mConnectionTimeoutMillis;
+            private Optional<Integer> mConnectionPriority = Optional.empty();
+            private Optional<Integer> mMtu = Optional.empty();
+
+            /**
+             * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#connectGatt}.
+             */
+            public Builder setAutoConnect(boolean autoConnect) {
+                this.mAutoConnect = autoConnect;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#requestConnectionPriority(int)}.
+             */
+            public Builder setConnectionPriority(int connectionPriority) {
+                this.mConnectionPriority = Optional.of(connectionPriority);
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#requestMtu(int)}.
+             */
+            public Builder setMtu(int mtu) {
+                this.mMtu = Optional.of(mtu);
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Sets the timeout for the GATT connection.
+             */
+            public Builder setConnectionTimeoutMillis(long connectionTimeoutMillis) {
+                this.mConnectionTimeoutMillis = connectionTimeoutMillis;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Builds ConnectionOptions.
+             */
+            public ConnectionOptions build() {
+                return new ConnectionOptions(mAutoConnect, mConnectionTimeoutMillis,
+                        mConnectionPriority, mMtu);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/NonnullProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/NonnullProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16abd99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/NonnullProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability;
+
+/**
+ * Provider that returns non-null instances.
+ *
+ * @param <T> Type of provided instance.
+ */
+public interface NonnullProvider<T> {
+    /** Get a non-null instance. */
+    T get();
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/Testability.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/Testability.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6cfdd78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/Testability.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/** Util class to convert from or to testable classes. */
+public class Testability {
+    /** Wraps a Bluetooth device. */
+    public static BluetoothDevice wrap(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice) {
+        return BluetoothDevice.wrap(bluetoothDevice);
+    }
+
+    /** Wraps a Bluetooth adapter. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static BluetoothAdapter wrap(
+            @Nullable android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter) {
+        return BluetoothAdapter.wrap(bluetoothAdapter);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/TimeProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/TimeProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4de913
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/TimeProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability;
+
+/** Provider of time for testability. */
+public class TimeProvider {
+    public long getTimeMillis() {
+        return System.currentTimeMillis();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/VersionProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/VersionProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f46ea7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/VersionProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability;
+
+import android.os.Build.VERSION;
+
+/**
+ * Provider of android sdk version for testability
+ */
+public class VersionProvider {
+    public int getSdkInt() {
+        return VERSION.SDK_INT;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAdapter.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAdapter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..afa2a1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAdapter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * Mockable wrapper of {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter}.
+ */
+public class BluetoothAdapter {
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE}. */
+    public static final String ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#ACTION_STATE_CHANGED}. */
+    public static final String ACTION_STATE_CHANGED =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#EXTRA_STATE}. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_STATE =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#STATE_OFF}. */
+    public static final int STATE_OFF =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#STATE_ON}. */
+    public static final int STATE_ON =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#STATE_TURNING_OFF}. */
+    public static final int STATE_TURNING_OFF =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_OFF;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#STATE_TURNING_ON}. */
+    public static final int STATE_TURNING_ON =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_ON;
+
+    private final android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter mWrappedBluetoothAdapter;
+
+    private BluetoothAdapter(android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter) {
+        mWrappedBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothAdapter;
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#disable()}. */
+    public boolean disable() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothAdapter.disable();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#enable()}. */
+    public boolean enable() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothAdapter.enable();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#getBluetoothLeScanner}. */
+    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
+    @Nullable
+    public BluetoothLeScanner getBluetoothLeScanner() {
+        return BluetoothLeScanner.wrap(mWrappedBluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner());
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#getBluetoothLeAdvertiser()}. */
+    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
+    @Nullable
+    public BluetoothLeAdvertiser getBluetoothLeAdvertiser() {
+        return BluetoothLeAdvertiser.wrap(mWrappedBluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser());
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#getBondedDevices()}. */
+    @Nullable
+    public Set<BluetoothDevice> getBondedDevices() {
+        Set<android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice> bondedDevices =
+                mWrappedBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
+        if (bondedDevices == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        Set<BluetoothDevice> result = new HashSet<BluetoothDevice>();
+        for (android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice device : bondedDevices) {
+            if (device == null) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            result.add(BluetoothDevice.wrap(device));
+        }
+        return Collections.unmodifiableSet(result);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#getRemoteDevice(byte[])}. */
+    public BluetoothDevice getRemoteDevice(byte[] address) {
+        return BluetoothDevice.wrap(mWrappedBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address));
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#getRemoteDevice(String)}. */
+    public BluetoothDevice getRemoteDevice(String address) {
+        return BluetoothDevice.wrap(mWrappedBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address));
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#isEnabled()}. */
+    public boolean isEnabled() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#isDiscovering()}. */
+    public boolean isDiscovering() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#startDiscovery()}. */
+    public boolean startDiscovery() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#cancelDiscovery()}. */
+    public boolean cancelDiscovery() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#getDefaultAdapter()}. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static BluetoothAdapter getDefaultAdapter() {
+        android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter adapter =
+                android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
+        if (adapter == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return new BluetoothAdapter(adapter);
+    }
+
+    /** Wraps a Bluetooth adapter. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static BluetoothAdapter wrap(
+            @Nullable android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter) {
+        if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return new BluetoothAdapter(bluetoothAdapter);
+    }
+
+    /** Unwraps a Bluetooth adapter. */
+    public android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter unwrap() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothAdapter;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothDevice.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothDevice.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2002c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothDevice.java
@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothClass;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * Mockable wrapper of {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice}.
+ */
+@TargetApi(18)
+public class BluetoothDevice {
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#BOND_BONDED}. */
+    public static final int BOND_BONDED = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#BOND_BONDING}. */
+    public static final int BOND_BONDING = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#BOND_NONE}. */
+    public static final int BOND_NONE = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#ACTION_ACL_CONNECTED}. */
+    public static final String ACTION_ACL_CONNECTED =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_CONNECTED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECT_REQUESTED}. */
+    public static final String ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECT_REQUESTED =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECT_REQUESTED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED}. */
+    public static final String ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED}. */
+    public static final String ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#ACTION_CLASS_CHANGED}. */
+    public static final String ACTION_CLASS_CHANGED =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ACTION_CLASS_CHANGED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#ACTION_FOUND}. */
+    public static final String ACTION_FOUND = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#ACTION_NAME_CHANGED}. */
+    public static final String ACTION_NAME_CHANGED =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ACTION_NAME_CHANGED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST}. */
+    // API 19 only
+    public static final String ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST =
+            "android.bluetooth.device.action.PAIRING_REQUEST";
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#ACTION_UUID}. */
+    public static final String ACTION_UUID = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ACTION_UUID;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#DEVICE_TYPE_CLASSIC}. */
+    public static final int DEVICE_TYPE_CLASSIC =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.DEVICE_TYPE_CLASSIC;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#DEVICE_TYPE_DUAL}. */
+    public static final int DEVICE_TYPE_DUAL = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.DEVICE_TYPE_DUAL;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#DEVICE_TYPE_LE}. */
+    public static final int DEVICE_TYPE_LE = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.DEVICE_TYPE_LE;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN}. */
+    public static final int DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#ERROR}. */
+    public static final int ERROR = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ERROR;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#EXTRA_BOND_STATE}. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_BOND_STATE =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#EXTRA_CLASS}. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_CLASS = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_CLASS;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#EXTRA_DEVICE}. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_DEVICE = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#EXTRA_NAME}. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_NAME = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_NAME;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#EXTRA_PAIRING_KEY}. */
+    // API 19 only
+    public static final String EXTRA_PAIRING_KEY = "android.bluetooth.device.extra.PAIRING_KEY";
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#EXTRA_PAIRING_VARIANT}. */
+    // API 19 only
+    public static final String EXTRA_PAIRING_VARIANT =
+            "android.bluetooth.device.extra.PAIRING_VARIANT";
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#EXTRA_PREVIOUS_BOND_STATE}. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_PREVIOUS_BOND_STATE =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PREVIOUS_BOND_STATE;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#EXTRA_RSSI}. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_RSSI = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_RSSI;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#EXTRA_UUID}. */
+    public static final String EXTRA_UUID = android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_UUID;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#PAIRING_VARIANT_PASSKEY_CONFIRMATION}. */
+    // API 19 only
+    public static final int PAIRING_VARIANT_PASSKEY_CONFIRMATION = 2;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#PAIRING_VARIANT_PIN}. */
+    // API 19 only
+    public static final int PAIRING_VARIANT_PIN = 0;
+
+    private final android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice mWrappedBluetoothDevice;
+
+    private BluetoothDevice(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice) {
+        mWrappedBluetoothDevice = bluetoothDevice;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#connectGatt(Context, boolean,
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback)}.
+     */
+    @Nullable(/* when bt service is not available */)
+    public BluetoothGattWrapper connectGatt(Context context, boolean autoConnect,
+            BluetoothGattCallback callback) {
+        android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt =
+                mWrappedBluetoothDevice.connectGatt(context, autoConnect, callback.unwrap());
+        if (gatt == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#connectGatt(Context, boolean,
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback, int)}.
+     */
+    @TargetApi(23)
+    @Nullable(/* when bt service is not available */)
+    public BluetoothGattWrapper connectGatt(Context context, boolean autoConnect,
+            BluetoothGattCallback callback, int transport) {
+        android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt =
+                mWrappedBluetoothDevice.connectGatt(
+                        context, autoConnect, callback.unwrap(), transport);
+        if (gatt == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt);
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID)}.
+     */
+    public BluetoothSocket createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID uuid) throws IOException {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See
+     * {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID)}.
+     */
+    public BluetoothSocket createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID uuid) throws IOException {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#setPairingConfirmation(boolean)}. */
+    public boolean setPairingConfirmation(boolean confirm) {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.setPairingConfirmation(confirm);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#fetchUuidsWithSdp()}. */
+    public boolean fetchUuidsWithSdp() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.fetchUuidsWithSdp();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#createBond()}. */
+    public boolean createBond() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.createBond();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#getUuids()}. */
+    @Nullable(/* on error */)
+    public ParcelUuid[] getUuids() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.getUuids();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#getBondState()}. */
+    public int getBondState() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.getBondState();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#getAddress()}. */
+    public String getAddress() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.getAddress();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#getBluetoothClass()}. */
+    @Nullable(/* on error */)
+    public BluetoothClass getBluetoothClass() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.getBluetoothClass();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#getType()}. */
+    public int getType() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.getType();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#getName()}. */
+    @Nullable(/* on error */)
+    public String getName() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.getName();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#toString()}. */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.toString();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#hashCode()}. */
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.hashCode();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice#equals(Object)}. */
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable Object o) {
+        if (o ==  this) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(o instanceof BluetoothDevice)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice.equals(((BluetoothDevice) o).unwrap());
+    }
+
+    /** Unwraps a Bluetooth device. */
+    public android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice unwrap() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothDevice;
+    }
+
+    /** Wraps a Bluetooth device. */
+    public static BluetoothDevice wrap(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice) {
+        return new BluetoothDevice(bluetoothDevice);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattCallback.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d36cfa2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper of {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback} that uses mockable objects.
+ */
+public abstract class BluetoothGattCallback {
+
+    private final android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback mWrappedBluetoothGattCallback =
+            new InternalBluetoothGattCallback();
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)}
+     */
+    public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, int status, int newState) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback#onServicesDiscovered(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt,int)}
+     */
+    public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, int status) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback#onCharacteristicRead(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic, int)}
+     */
+    public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic
+            characteristic, int status) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback#onCharacteristicWrite(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic, int)}
+     */
+    public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt,
+            BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback#onDescriptorRead(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor, int)}
+     */
+    public void onDescriptorRead(
+            BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback#onDescriptorWrite(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor, int)}
+     */
+    public void onDescriptorWrite(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor,
+            int status) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback#onReadRemoteRssi(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)}
+     */
+    public void onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, int rssi, int status) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback#onReliableWriteCompleted(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int)}
+     */
+    public void onReliableWriteCompleted(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, int status) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See
+     * {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback#onMtuChanged(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt,
+     * int, int)}
+     */
+    public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt, int mtu, int status) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See
+     * {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback#onCharacteristicChanged(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic)}
+     */
+    public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGattWrapper gatt,
+            BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {}
+
+    /** Unwraps a Bluetooth Gatt callback. */
+    public android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback unwrap() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGattCallback;
+    }
+
+    /** Forward callback to testable instance. */
+    private class InternalBluetoothGattCallback extends android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback {
+        @Override
+        public void onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt, int status,
+                int newState) {
+            BluetoothGattCallback.this.onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt),
+                    status, newState);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onServicesDiscovered(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
+            BluetoothGattCallback.this.onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt),
+                    status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicRead(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt,
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
+            BluetoothGattCallback.this.onCharacteristicRead(
+                    BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt), characteristic, status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicWrite(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt,
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
+            BluetoothGattCallback.this.onCharacteristicWrite(
+                    BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt), characteristic, status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorRead(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt,
+                BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
+            BluetoothGattCallback.this.onDescriptorRead(
+                    BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt), descriptor, status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorWrite(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt,
+                BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
+            BluetoothGattCallback.this.onDescriptorWrite(
+                    BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt), descriptor, status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onReadRemoteRssi(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt, int rssi, int status) {
+            BluetoothGattCallback.this.onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt), rssi,
+                    status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onReliableWriteCompleted(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
+            BluetoothGattCallback.this.onReliableWriteCompleted(BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt),
+                    status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onMtuChanged(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt, int mtu, int status) {
+            BluetoothGattCallback.this.onMtuChanged(BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt), mtu, status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicChanged(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt,
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
+            BluetoothGattCallback.this.onCharacteristicChanged(
+                    BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(gatt), characteristic);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServer.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4873fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * Mockable wrapper of {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer}.
+ */
+public class BluetoothGattServer {
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer#STATE_CONNECTED}. */
+    public static final int STATE_CONNECTED = android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer.STATE_CONNECTED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer#STATE_DISCONNECTED}. */
+    public static final int STATE_DISCONNECTED =
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
+
+    private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer mWrappedInstance;
+
+    private BluetoothGattServer(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer instance) {
+        mWrappedInstance = instance;
+    }
+
+    /** Wraps a Bluetooth Gatt server. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static BluetoothGattServer wrap(
+            @Nullable android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer instance) {
+        if (instance == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return new BluetoothGattServer(instance);
+    }
+
+    /** Unwraps a Bluetooth Gatt server. */
+    public android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer unwrap() {
+        return mWrappedInstance;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer#connect(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, boolean)}
+     */
+    public boolean connect(BluetoothDevice device, boolean autoConnect) {
+        return mWrappedInstance.connect(device.unwrap(), autoConnect);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer#addService(BluetoothGattService)}. */
+    public boolean addService(BluetoothGattService service) {
+        return mWrappedInstance.addService(service);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer#clearServices()}. */
+    public void clearServices() {
+        mWrappedInstance.clearServices();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer#close()}. */
+    public void close() {
+        mWrappedInstance.close();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer#notifyCharacteristicChanged(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, BluetoothGattCharacteristic, boolean)}.
+     */
+    public boolean notifyCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothDevice device,
+            BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean confirm) {
+        return mWrappedInstance.notifyCharacteristicChanged(
+                device.unwrap(), characteristic, confirm);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer#sendResponse(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, int, int, int, byte[])}.
+     */
+    public void sendResponse(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int status, int offset,
+            @Nullable byte[] value) {
+        mWrappedInstance.sendResponse(device.unwrap(), requestId, status, offset, value);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer#cancelConnection(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice)}.
+     */
+    public void cancelConnection(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        mWrappedInstance.cancelConnection(device.unwrap());
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer#getService(UUID uuid)}. */
+    public BluetoothGattService getService(UUID uuid) {
+        return mWrappedInstance.getService(uuid);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerCallback.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..875dad5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper of {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback} that uses mockable objects.
+ */
+public abstract class BluetoothGattServerCallback {
+
+    private final android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback mWrappedInstance =
+            new InternalBluetoothGattServerCallback();
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback#onCharacteristicReadRequest(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, int, int, BluetoothGattCharacteristic)}
+     */
+    public void onCharacteristicReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId,
+            int offset, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback#onCharacteristicWriteRequest(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, int, BluetoothGattCharacteristic, boolean, boolean, int,
+     * byte[])}
+     */
+    public void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device,
+            int requestId,
+            BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
+            boolean preparedWrite,
+            boolean responseNeeded,
+            int offset,
+            byte[] value) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback#onConnectionStateChange(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, int, int)}
+     */
+    public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int status, int newState) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback#onDescriptorReadRequest(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, int, int, BluetoothGattDescriptor)}
+     */
+    public void onDescriptorReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset,
+            BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback#onDescriptorWriteRequest(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, int, BluetoothGattDescriptor, boolean, boolean, int,
+     * byte[])}
+     */
+    public void onDescriptorWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device,
+            int requestId,
+            BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor,
+            boolean preparedWrite,
+            boolean responseNeeded,
+            int offset,
+            byte[] value) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback#onExecuteWrite(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, int, boolean)}
+     */
+    public void onExecuteWrite(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, boolean execute) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback#onMtuChanged(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, int)}
+     */
+    public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothDevice device, int mtu) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback#onNotificationSent(
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, int)}
+     */
+    public void onNotificationSent(BluetoothDevice device, int status) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback#onServiceAdded(int,
+     * BluetoothGattService)}
+     */
+    public void onServiceAdded(int status, BluetoothGattService service) {}
+
+    /** Unwraps a Bluetooth Gatt server callback. */
+    public android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback unwrap() {
+        return mWrappedInstance;
+    }
+
+    /** Forward callback to testable instance. */
+    private class InternalBluetoothGattServerCallback extends
+            android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback {
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicReadRequest(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice device,
+                int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
+            BluetoothGattServerCallback.this.onCharacteristicReadRequest(
+                    BluetoothDevice.wrap(device), requestId, offset, characteristic);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice device,
+                int requestId,
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
+                boolean preparedWrite,
+                boolean responseNeeded,
+                int offset,
+                byte[] value) {
+            BluetoothGattServerCallback.this.onCharacteristicWriteRequest(
+                    BluetoothDevice.wrap(device),
+                    requestId,
+                    characteristic,
+                    preparedWrite,
+                    responseNeeded,
+                    offset,
+                    value);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice device, int status,
+                int newState) {
+            BluetoothGattServerCallback.this.onConnectionStateChange(
+                    BluetoothDevice.wrap(device), status, newState);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorReadRequest(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice device, int requestId,
+                int offset, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) {
+            BluetoothGattServerCallback.this.onDescriptorReadRequest(BluetoothDevice.wrap(device),
+                    requestId, offset, descriptor);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorWriteRequest(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice device,
+                int requestId,
+                BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor,
+                boolean preparedWrite,
+                boolean responseNeeded,
+                int offset,
+                byte[] value) {
+            BluetoothGattServerCallback.this.onDescriptorWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice.wrap(device),
+                    requestId,
+                    descriptor,
+                    preparedWrite,
+                    responseNeeded,
+                    offset,
+                    value);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onExecuteWrite(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice device, int requestId,
+                boolean execute) {
+            BluetoothGattServerCallback.this.onExecuteWrite(BluetoothDevice.wrap(device), requestId,
+                    execute);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onMtuChanged(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice device, int mtu) {
+            BluetoothGattServerCallback.this.onMtuChanged(BluetoothDevice.wrap(device), mtu);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onNotificationSent(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice device, int status) {
+            BluetoothGattServerCallback.this.onNotificationSent(
+                    BluetoothDevice.wrap(device), status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onServiceAdded(int status, BluetoothGattService service) {
+            BluetoothGattServerCallback.this.onServiceAdded(status, service);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattWrapper.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..453ee5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/** Mockable wrapper of {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt}. */
+@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class BluetoothGattWrapper {
+    private final android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt mWrappedBluetoothGatt;
+
+    private BluetoothGattWrapper(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt bluetoothGatt) {
+        mWrappedBluetoothGatt = bluetoothGatt;
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#getDevice()}. */
+    public BluetoothDevice getDevice() {
+        return BluetoothDevice.wrap(mWrappedBluetoothGatt.getDevice());
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#getServices()}. */
+    public List<BluetoothGattService> getServices() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.getServices();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#getService(UUID)}. */
+    @Nullable(/* null if service is not found */)
+    public BluetoothGattService getService(UUID uuid) {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.getService(uuid);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#discoverServices()}. */
+    public boolean discoverServices() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.discoverServices();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Hidden method. Clears the internal cache and forces a refresh of the services from the remote
+     * device.
+     */
+    // TODO(b/201300471): remove refresh call using reflection.
+    public boolean refresh() {
+        try {
+            Method refreshMethod = android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt.class.getMethod("refresh");
+            return (Boolean) refreshMethod.invoke(mWrappedBluetoothGatt);
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException
+            | IllegalAccessException
+            | IllegalArgumentException
+            | InvocationTargetException e) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#readCharacteristic(BluetoothGattCharacteristic)}.
+     */
+    public boolean readCharacteristic(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(characteristic);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#writeCharacteristic(BluetoothGattCharacteristic,
+     * byte[], int)} .
+     */
+    public int writeCharacteristic(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, byte[] value,
+            int writeType) {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(characteristic, value, writeType);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#readDescriptor(BluetoothGattDescriptor)}. */
+    public boolean readDescriptor(BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.readDescriptor(descriptor);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#writeDescriptor(BluetoothGattDescriptor,
+     * byte[])}.
+     */
+    public int writeDescriptor(BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, byte[] value) {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor, value);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#readRemoteRssi()}. */
+    public boolean readRemoteRssi() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.readRemoteRssi();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#requestConnectionPriority(int)}. */
+    public boolean requestConnectionPriority(int connectionPriority) {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.requestConnectionPriority(connectionPriority);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#requestMtu(int)}. */
+    public boolean requestMtu(int mtu) {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.requestMtu(mtu);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#setCharacteristicNotification}. */
+    public boolean setCharacteristicNotification(
+            BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean enable) {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, enable);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#disconnect()}. */
+    public void disconnect() {
+        mWrappedBluetoothGatt.disconnect();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#close()}. */
+    public void close() {
+        mWrappedBluetoothGatt.close();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#hashCode()}. */
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.hashCode();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt#equals(Object)}. */
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable Object o) {
+        if (o == this) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(o instanceof BluetoothGattWrapper)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt.equals(((BluetoothGattWrapper) o).unwrap());
+    }
+
+    /** Unwraps a Bluetooth Gatt instance. */
+    public android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt unwrap() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothGatt;
+    }
+
+    /** Wraps a Bluetooth Gatt instance. */
+    public static BluetoothGattWrapper wrap(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt gatt) {
+        return new BluetoothGattWrapper(gatt);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothLeAdvertiser.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothLeAdvertiser.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2c61ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothLeAdvertiser.java
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * Mockable wrapper of {@link android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser}.
+ */
+@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
+public class BluetoothLeAdvertiser {
+
+    private final android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser mWrappedInstance;
+
+    private BluetoothLeAdvertiser(
+            android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser bluetoothLeAdvertiser) {
+        mWrappedInstance = bluetoothLeAdvertiser;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser#startAdvertising(AdvertiseSettings,
+     * AdvertiseData, AdvertiseCallback)}.
+     */
+    public void startAdvertising(AdvertiseSettings settings, AdvertiseData advertiseData,
+            AdvertiseCallback callback) {
+        mWrappedInstance.startAdvertising(settings, advertiseData, callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser#startAdvertising(AdvertiseSettings,
+     * AdvertiseData, AdvertiseData, AdvertiseCallback)}.
+     */
+    public void startAdvertising(AdvertiseSettings settings, AdvertiseData advertiseData,
+            AdvertiseData scanResponse, AdvertiseCallback callback) {
+        mWrappedInstance.startAdvertising(settings, advertiseData, scanResponse, callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser#stopAdvertising(AdvertiseCallback)}.
+     */
+    public void stopAdvertising(AdvertiseCallback callback) {
+        mWrappedInstance.stopAdvertising(callback);
+    }
+
+    /** Wraps a Bluetooth LE advertiser. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static BluetoothLeAdvertiser wrap(
+            @Nullable android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser bluetoothLeAdvertiser) {
+        if (bluetoothLeAdvertiser == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return new BluetoothLeAdvertiser(bluetoothLeAdvertiser);
+    }
+
+    /** Unwraps a Bluetooth LE advertiser. */
+    @Nullable
+    public android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser unwrap() {
+        return mWrappedInstance;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothLeScanner.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothLeScanner.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b3447e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothLeScanner.java
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.app.PendingIntent;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanSettings;
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * Mockable wrapper of {@link android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner}.
+ */
+@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
+public class BluetoothLeScanner {
+
+    private final android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner;
+
+    private BluetoothLeScanner(android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner bluetoothLeScanner) {
+        mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner = bluetoothLeScanner;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner#startScan(List, ScanSettings,
+     * android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback)}.
+     */
+    public void startScan(List<ScanFilter> filters, ScanSettings settings,
+            ScanCallback callback) {
+        mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner.startScan(filters, settings, callback.unwrap());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner#startScan(List, ScanSettings,
+     * PendingIntent)}.
+     */
+    public void startScan(
+            List<ScanFilter> filters, ScanSettings settings, PendingIntent callbackIntent) {
+        mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner.startScan(filters, settings, callbackIntent);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link
+     * android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner#startScan(android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback)}.
+     */
+    public void startScan(ScanCallback callback) {
+        mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner.startScan(callback.unwrap());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See
+     * {@link android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner#stopScan(android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback)}.
+     */
+    public void stopScan(ScanCallback callback) {
+        mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner.stopScan(callback.unwrap());
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner#stopScan(PendingIntent)}. */
+    public void stopScan(PendingIntent callbackIntent) {
+        mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner.stopScan(callbackIntent);
+    }
+
+    /** Unwraps a Bluetooth LE scanner. */
+    @Nullable
+    public android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner unwrap() {
+        return mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner;
+    }
+
+    /** Wraps a Bluetooth LE scanner. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static BluetoothLeScanner wrap(
+            @Nullable android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner bluetoothLeScanner) {
+        if (bluetoothLeScanner == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return new BluetoothLeScanner(bluetoothLeScanner);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanCallback.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70926a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper of {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback} that uses mockable objects.
+ */
+@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
+public abstract class ScanCallback {
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback#SCAN_FAILED_ALREADY_STARTED} */
+    public static final int SCAN_FAILED_ALREADY_STARTED =
+            android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback.SCAN_FAILED_ALREADY_STARTED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback#SCAN_FAILED_APPLICATION_REGISTRATION_FAILED} */
+    public static final int SCAN_FAILED_APPLICATION_REGISTRATION_FAILED =
+            android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback.SCAN_FAILED_APPLICATION_REGISTRATION_FAILED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback#SCAN_FAILED_FEATURE_UNSUPPORTED} */
+    public static final int SCAN_FAILED_FEATURE_UNSUPPORTED =
+            android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback.SCAN_FAILED_FEATURE_UNSUPPORTED;
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback#SCAN_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR} */
+    public static final int SCAN_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR =
+            android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback.SCAN_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+
+    private final android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback mWrappedScanCallback =
+            new InternalScanCallback();
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback#onScanFailed(int)}
+     */
+    public void onScanFailed(int errorCode) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See
+     * {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback#onScanResult(int, android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult)}.
+     */
+    public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {}
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link
+     * android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback#onBatchScanResult(List<android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult>)}.
+     */
+    public void onBatchScanResults(List<ScanResult> results) {}
+
+    /** Unwraps scan callback. */
+    public android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback unwrap() {
+        return mWrappedScanCallback;
+    }
+
+    /** Forward callback to testable instance. */
+    private class InternalScanCallback extends android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback {
+        @Override
+        public void onScanFailed(int errorCode) {
+            ScanCallback.this.onScanFailed(errorCode);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onScanResult(int callbackType, android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult result) {
+            ScanCallback.this.onScanResult(callbackType, ScanResult.wrap(result));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onBatchScanResults(List<android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult> results) {
+            List<ScanResult> wrappedScanResults = new ArrayList<>();
+            for (android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult result : results) {
+                wrappedScanResults.add(ScanResult.wrap(result));
+            }
+            ScanCallback.this.onBatchScanResults(wrappedScanResults);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanResult.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanResult.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a6b7b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanResult.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanRecord;
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * Mockable wrapper of {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult}.
+ */
+@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
+public class ScanResult {
+
+    private final android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult mWrappedScanResult;
+
+    private ScanResult(android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult scanResult) {
+        mWrappedScanResult = scanResult;
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult#getScanRecord()}. */
+    @Nullable
+    public ScanRecord getScanRecord() {
+        return mWrappedScanResult.getScanRecord();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult#getRssi()}. */
+    public int getRssi() {
+        return mWrappedScanResult.getRssi();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult#getTimestampNanos()}. */
+    public long getTimestampNanos() {
+        return mWrappedScanResult.getTimestampNanos();
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult#getDevice()}. */
+    public BluetoothDevice getDevice() {
+        return BluetoothDevice.wrap(mWrappedScanResult.getDevice());
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a wrapper of scan result. */
+    public static ScanResult wrap(android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult scanResult) {
+        return new ScanResult(scanResult);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothGattUtils.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothGattUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb51920
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothGattUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * Utils for Gatt profile.
+ */
+public class BluetoothGattUtils {
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a string message for a BluetoothGatt status codes.
+     */
+    public static String getMessageForStatusCode(int statusCode) {
+        switch (statusCode) {
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS:
+                return "GATT_SUCCESS";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE:
+                return "GATT_FAILURE";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHENTICATION:
+                return "GATT_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHENTICATION";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHORIZATION:
+                return "GATT_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHORIZATION";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_INSUFFICIENT_ENCRYPTION:
+                return "GATT_INSUFFICIENT_ENCRYPTION";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_INVALID_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH:
+                return "GATT_INVALID_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_INVALID_OFFSET:
+                return "GATT_INVALID_OFFSET";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_READ_NOT_PERMITTED:
+                return "GATT_READ_NOT_PERMITTED";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED:
+                return "GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_WRITE_NOT_PERMITTED:
+                return "GATT_WRITE_NOT_PERMITTED";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_CONNECTION_CONGESTED:
+                return "GATT_CONNECTION_CONGESTED";
+            default:
+                return "Unknown error code";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a user-readable string from a {@link BluetoothGattDescriptor}. */
+    public static String toString(@Nullable BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) {
+        if (descriptor == null) {
+            return "null descriptor";
+        }
+        return String.format("descriptor %s on %s",
+                descriptor.getUuid(),
+                toString(descriptor.getCharacteristic()));
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a user-readable string from a {@link BluetoothGattCharacteristic}. */
+    public static String toString(@Nullable BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
+        if (characteristic == null) {
+            return "null characteristic";
+        }
+        return String.format("characteristic %s on %s",
+                characteristic.getUuid(),
+                toString(characteristic.getService()));
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a user-readable string from a {@link BluetoothGattService}. */
+    public static String toString(@Nullable BluetoothGattService service) {
+        if (service == null) {
+            return "null service";
+        }
+        return String.format("service %s", service.getUuid());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothOperationExecutor.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothOperationExecutor.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fecf483
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothOperationExecutor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,548 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.NonnullProvider;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.TimeProvider;
+
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
+import com.google.common.base.Objects;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Queue;
+import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;
+import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * Scheduler to coordinate parallel bluetooth operations.
+ */
+public class BluetoothOperationExecutor {
+
+    private static final String TAG = BluetoothOperationExecutor.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    /**
+     * Special value to indicate that the result is null (since {@link BlockingQueue} doesn't allow
+     * null elements).
+     */
+    private static final Object NULL_RESULT = new Object();
+
+    /**
+     * Special value to indicate that there should be no timeout on the operation.
+     */
+    private static final long NO_TIMEOUT = -1;
+
+    private final NonnullProvider<BlockingQueue<Object>> mBlockingQueueProvider;
+    private final TimeProvider mTimeProvider;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final Map<Operation<?>, Queue<Object>> mOperationResultQueues = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Semaphore mOperationSemaphore;
+
+    /**
+     * New instance that limits concurrent operations to maxConcurrentOperations.
+     */
+    public BluetoothOperationExecutor(int maxConcurrentOperations) {
+        this(
+                new Semaphore(maxConcurrentOperations, true),
+                new TimeProvider(),
+                new NonnullProvider<BlockingQueue<Object>>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public BlockingQueue<Object> get() {
+                        return new LinkedBlockingDeque<Object>();
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor for unit tests.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    BluetoothOperationExecutor(Semaphore operationSemaphore,
+            TimeProvider timeProvider,
+            NonnullProvider<BlockingQueue<Object>> blockingQueueProvider) {
+        mOperationSemaphore = operationSemaphore;
+        mTimeProvider = timeProvider;
+        mBlockingQueueProvider = blockingQueueProvider;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the operation and waits for its completion.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public <T> T execute(Operation<T> operation) throws BluetoothException {
+        return getResult(schedule(operation));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the operation and waits for its completion and returns a non-null result.
+     */
+    public <T> T executeNonnull(Operation<T> operation) throws BluetoothException {
+        T result = getResult(schedule(operation));
+        if (result == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(
+                    String.format(Locale.US, "Operation %s returned a null result.", operation));
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the operation and waits for its completion with a timeout.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public <T> T execute(Operation<T> bluetoothOperation, long timeoutMillis)
+            throws BluetoothException, BluetoothOperationTimeoutException {
+        return getResult(schedule(bluetoothOperation), timeoutMillis);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the operation and waits for its completion with a timeout and returns a non-null
+     * result.
+     */
+    public <T> T executeNonnull(Operation<T> bluetoothOperation, long timeoutMillis)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        T result = getResult(schedule(bluetoothOperation), timeoutMillis);
+        if (result == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothException(
+                    String.format(Locale.US, "Operation %s returned a null result.",
+                            bluetoothOperation));
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Schedules an operation and returns a {@link Future} that waits on operation completion and
+     * gets its result.
+     */
+    public <T> Future<T> schedule(Operation<T> bluetoothOperation) {
+        BlockingQueue<Object> resultQueue = mBlockingQueueProvider.get();
+        mOperationResultQueues.put(bluetoothOperation, resultQueue);
+
+        boolean semaphoreAcquired = mOperationSemaphore.tryAcquire();
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format(Locale.US,
+                "Scheduling operation %s; %d permits available; Semaphore acquired: %b",
+                bluetoothOperation,
+                mOperationSemaphore.availablePermits(),
+                semaphoreAcquired));
+
+        if (semaphoreAcquired) {
+            bluetoothOperation.execute(this);
+        }
+        return new BluetoothOperationFuture<T>(resultQueue, bluetoothOperation, semaphoreAcquired);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notifies that this operation has completed with success.
+     */
+    public void notifySuccess(Operation<Void> bluetoothOperation) {
+        postResult(bluetoothOperation, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notifies that this operation has completed with success and with a result.
+     */
+    public <T> void notifySuccess(Operation<T> bluetoothOperation, T result) {
+        postResult(bluetoothOperation, result);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notifies that this operation has completed with the given BluetoothGatt status code (which
+     * may indicate success or failure).
+     */
+    public void notifyCompletion(Operation<Void> bluetoothOperation, int status) {
+        notifyCompletion(bluetoothOperation, status, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notifies that this operation has completed with the given BluetoothGatt status code (which
+     * may indicate success or failure) and with a result.
+     */
+    public <T> void notifyCompletion(Operation<T> bluetoothOperation, int status,
+            @Nullable T result) {
+        if (status != BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
+            notifyFailure(bluetoothOperation, new BluetoothGattException(
+                    String.format(Locale.US,
+                            "Operation %s failed: %d - %s.", bluetoothOperation, status,
+                            BluetoothGattUtils.getMessageForStatusCode(status)),
+                    status));
+            return;
+        }
+        postResult(bluetoothOperation, result);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notifies that this operation has completed with failure.
+     */
+    public void notifyFailure(Operation<?> bluetoothOperation, BluetoothException exception) {
+        postResult(bluetoothOperation, exception);
+    }
+
+    private void postResult(Operation<?> bluetoothOperation, @Nullable Object result) {
+        Queue<Object> resultQueue = mOperationResultQueues.get(bluetoothOperation);
+        if (resultQueue == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, String.format(Locale.US,
+                    "Receive completion for unexpected operation: %s.", bluetoothOperation));
+            return;
+        }
+        resultQueue.add(result == null ? NULL_RESULT : result);
+        mOperationResultQueues.remove(bluetoothOperation);
+        mOperationSemaphore.release();
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format(Locale.US,
+                "Released semaphore for operation %s. There are %d permits left",
+                bluetoothOperation, mOperationSemaphore.availablePermits()));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Waits for all future on the list to complete, ignoring the results.
+     */
+    public <T> void waitFor(List<Future<T>> futures) throws BluetoothException {
+        for (Future<T> future : futures) {
+            if (future == null) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            getResult(future);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Waits with timeout for all future on the list to complete, ignoring the results.
+     */
+    public <T> void waitFor(List<Future<T>> futures, long timeoutMillis)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        long startTime = mTimeProvider.getTimeMillis();
+        for (Future<T> future : futures) {
+            if (future == null) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            getResult(future,
+                    timeoutMillis - (mTimeProvider.getTimeMillis() - startTime));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Waits for a future to complete and returns the result.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static <T> T getResult(Future<T> future) throws BluetoothException {
+        return getResultInternal(future, NO_TIMEOUT);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Waits for a future to complete and returns the result with timeout.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static <T> T getResult(Future<T> future, long timeoutMillis) throws BluetoothException {
+        return getResultInternal(future, Math.max(0, timeoutMillis));
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private static <T> T getResultInternal(Future<T> future, long timeoutMillis)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        try {
+            if (timeoutMillis == NO_TIMEOUT) {
+                return future.get();
+            } else {
+                return future.get(timeoutMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            try {
+                boolean cancelSuccess = future.cancel(true);
+                if (!cancelSuccess && future.isDone()) {
+                    // Operation has succeeded before we send cancel to it.
+                    return getResultInternal(future, NO_TIMEOUT);
+                }
+            } finally {
+                // Re-interrupt the thread last since we're recursively calling getResultInternal.
+                // We know the future is done, so there's no need to be interrupted while we call.
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+            }
+            throw new BluetoothException("Wait interrupted");
+        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
+            Throwable cause = e.getCause();
+            if (cause instanceof BluetoothException) {
+                throw (BluetoothException) cause;
+            }
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+            boolean cancelSuccess = future.cancel(true);
+            if (!cancelSuccess && future.isDone()) {
+                // Operation has succeeded before we send cancel to it.
+                return getResultInternal(future, NO_TIMEOUT);
+            }
+            throw new BluetoothOperationTimeoutException(
+                    String.format(Locale.US, "Wait timed out after %s ms.", timeoutMillis), e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asynchronous bluetooth operation to schedule.
+     *
+     * <p>An instance that doesn't implemented run() can be used to notify operation result.
+     *
+     * @param <T> Type of provided instance.
+     */
+    public static class Operation<T> {
+
+        private Object[] mElements;
+
+        public Operation(Object... elements) {
+            mElements = elements;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Executes operation using executor.
+         */
+        public void execute(BluetoothOperationExecutor executor) {
+            try {
+                run();
+            } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                executor.postResult(this, e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Run function. Not supported.
+         */
+        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+        public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Not implemented");
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Try to cancel operation when a timeout occurs.
+         */
+        public void cancel() {
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(@Nullable Object o) {
+            if (o == null) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (!Operation.class.isInstance(o)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            Operation<?> other = (Operation<?>) o;
+            return Arrays.equals(mElements, other.mElements);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hashCode(mElements);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return Joiner.on('-').join(mElements);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Synchronous bluetooth operation to schedule.
+     *
+     * @param <T> Type of provided instance.
+     */
+    public static class SynchronousOperation<T> extends Operation<T> {
+
+        public SynchronousOperation(Object... elements) {
+            super(elements);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void execute(BluetoothOperationExecutor executor) {
+            try {
+                Object result = call();
+                if (result == null) {
+                    result = NULL_RESULT;
+                }
+                executor.postResult(this, result);
+            } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                executor.postResult(this, e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Call function. Not supported.
+         */
+        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+        @Nullable
+        public T call() throws BluetoothException {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Not implemented");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@link Future} to wait / get result of an operation.
+     *
+     * <li>Waits for operation to complete
+     * <li>Handles timeouts if needed
+     * <li>Queues identical Bluetooth operations
+     * <li>Unwraps Exceptions and null values
+     */
+    private class BluetoothOperationFuture<T> implements Future<T> {
+
+        private final Object mLock = new Object();
+
+        /**
+         * Queue that will be used to store the result. It should normally contains one element
+         * maximum, but using a queue avoid some race conditions.
+         */
+        private final BlockingQueue<Object> mResultQueue;
+        private final Operation<T> mBluetoothOperation;
+        private final boolean mOperationExecuted;
+        private boolean mIsCancelled = false;
+        private boolean mIsDone = false;
+
+        BluetoothOperationFuture(BlockingQueue<Object> resultQueue,
+                Operation<T> bluetoothOperation, boolean operationExecuted) {
+            mResultQueue = resultQueue;
+            mBluetoothOperation = bluetoothOperation;
+            mOperationExecuted = operationExecuted;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) {
+            synchronized (mLock) {
+                if (mIsDone) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                if (mIsCancelled) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                mBluetoothOperation.cancel();
+                mIsCancelled = true;
+                notifyFailure(mBluetoothOperation, new BluetoothException("Operation cancelled."));
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isCancelled() {
+            synchronized (mLock) {
+                return mIsCancelled;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isDone() {
+            synchronized (mLock) {
+                return mIsDone;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        @Nullable
+        public T get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
+            try {
+                return getInternal(NO_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+                throw new RuntimeException(e); // This is not supposed to be thrown
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        @Nullable
+        public T get(long timeoutMillis, TimeUnit unit)
+                throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
+            return getInternal(Math.max(0, timeoutMillis), unit);
+        }
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        @Nullable
+        private T getInternal(long timeoutMillis, TimeUnit unit)
+                throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
+            // Prevent parallel executions of this method.
+            long startTime = mTimeProvider.getTimeMillis();
+            synchronized (this) {
+                synchronized (mLock) {
+                    if (mIsDone) {
+                        throw new ExecutionException(
+                                new BluetoothException("get() called twice..."));
+                    }
+                }
+                if (!mOperationExecuted) {
+                    if (timeoutMillis == NO_TIMEOUT) {
+                        mOperationSemaphore.acquire();
+                    } else {
+                        if (!mOperationSemaphore.tryAcquire(timeoutMillis
+                                - (mTimeProvider.getTimeMillis() - startTime), unit)) {
+                            throw new TimeoutException(String.format(Locale.US,
+                                    "A timeout occurred when processing %s after %s %s.",
+                                    mBluetoothOperation, timeoutMillis, unit));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    mBluetoothOperation.execute(BluetoothOperationExecutor.this);
+                }
+                Object result;
+
+                if (timeoutMillis == NO_TIMEOUT) {
+                    result = mResultQueue.take();
+                } else {
+                    result = mResultQueue.poll(
+                            timeoutMillis - (mTimeProvider.getTimeMillis() - startTime), unit);
+                }
+
+                if (result == null) {
+                    throw new TimeoutException(String.format(Locale.US,
+                            "A timeout occurred when processing %s after %s ms.",
+                            mBluetoothOperation, timeoutMillis));
+                }
+                synchronized (mLock) {
+                    mIsDone = true;
+                }
+                if (result instanceof BluetoothException) {
+                    throw new ExecutionException((BluetoothException) result);
+                }
+                if (result == NULL_RESULT) {
+                    result = null;
+                }
+                return (T) result;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Exception thrown when an operation execution times out. Since state of the system is unknown
+     * afterward (operation may still complete or not), it is recommended to disconnect and
+     * reconnect.
+     */
+    public static class BluetoothOperationTimeoutException extends BluetoothException {
+
+        public BluetoothOperationTimeoutException(String message) {
+            super(message);
+        }
+
+        public BluetoothOperationTimeoutException(String message, Throwable cause) {
+            super(message, cause);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/Annotations.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/Annotations.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44c9422
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/Annotations.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop;
+
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR;
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE;
+import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.CLASS;
+
+import androidx.annotation.AnyThread;
+import androidx.annotation.BinderThread;
+import androidx.annotation.UiThread;
+import androidx.annotation.WorkerThread;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+/**
+ * A collection of threading annotations relating to EventLoop. These should be used in conjunction
+ * with {@link UiThread}, {@link BinderThread}, {@link WorkerThread}, and {@link AnyThread}.
+ */
+public class Annotations {
+
+    /**
+     * Denotes that the annotated method or constructor should only be called on the EventLoop
+     * thread.
+     */
+    @Retention(CLASS)
+    @Target({METHOD, CONSTRUCTOR, TYPE})
+    public @interface EventThread {
+    }
+
+    /** Denotes that the annotated method or constructor should only be called on a Network
+     * thread. */
+    @Retention(CLASS)
+    @Target({METHOD, CONSTRUCTOR, TYPE})
+    public @interface NetworkThread {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/EventLoop.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/EventLoop.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c89366f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/EventLoop.java
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.Looper;
+
+/**
+ * Handles executing runnables on a background thread.
+ *
+ * <p>Nearby services follow an event loop model where events can be queued and delivered in the
+ * future. All code that is run in this EventLoop is guaranteed to be run on this thread. The main
+ * advantage of this model is that all modules don't have to deal with synchronization and race
+ * conditions, while making it easy to handle the several asynchronous tasks that are expected to be
+ * needed for this type of provider (such as starting a WiFi scan and waiting for the result,
+ * starting BLE scans, doing a server request and waiting for the response etc.).
+ *
+ * <p>Code that needs to wait for an event should not spawn a new thread nor sleep. It should simply
+ * deliver a new message to the event queue when the reply of the event happens.
+ */
+// TODO(b/177675274): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+public class EventLoop {
+
+    private final Interface mImpl;
+
+    private EventLoop(Interface impl) {
+        this.mImpl = impl;
+    }
+
+    protected EventLoop(String name) {
+        this(new HandlerEventLoopImpl(name));
+    }
+
+    /** Creates an EventLoop. */
+    public static EventLoop newInstance(String name) {
+        return new EventLoop(name);
+    }
+
+    /** Creates an EventLoop. */
+    public static EventLoop newInstance(String name, Looper looper) {
+        return new EventLoop(new HandlerEventLoopImpl(name, looper));
+    }
+
+    /** Marks the EventLoop as destroyed. Any further messages received will be ignored. */
+    public void destroy() {
+        mImpl.destroy();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Posts a runnable to this event loop, blocking until the runnable has been executed. This
+     * should
+     * be used rarely. It could be useful, for example, for a runnable that initializes the system
+     * and
+     * must block the posting of all other runnables.
+     *
+     * @param runnable a Runnable to post. This method will not return until the run() method of the
+     *                 given runnable has executed on the background thread.
+     */
+    public void postAndWait(final NamedRunnable runnable) throws InterruptedException {
+        mImpl.postAndWait(runnable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Posts a runnable to this to the front of the event loop, blocking until the runnable has been
+     * executed. This should be used rarely, as it can starve the event loop.
+     *
+     * @param runnable a Runnable to post. This method will not return until the run() method of the
+     *                 given runnable has executed on the background thread.
+     */
+    public void postToFrontAndWait(final NamedRunnable runnable) throws InterruptedException {
+        mImpl.postToFrontAndWait(runnable);
+    }
+
+    /** Checks if there are any pending posts of the Runnable in the queue. */
+    public boolean isPosted(NamedRunnable runnable) {
+        return mImpl.isPosted(runnable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run code on the event loop thread.
+     *
+     * @param runnable the runnable to execute.
+     */
+    public void postRunnable(NamedRunnable runnable) {
+        mImpl.postRunnable(runnable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run code to be executed when there is no runnable scheduled.
+     *
+     * @param runnable last runnable to execute.
+     */
+    public void postEmptyQueueRunnable(final NamedRunnable runnable) {
+        mImpl.postEmptyQueueRunnable(runnable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run code on the event loop thread after delayedMillis.
+     *
+     * @param runnable      the runnable to execute.
+     * @param delayedMillis the number of milliseconds before executing the runnable.
+     */
+    public void postRunnableDelayed(NamedRunnable runnable, long delayedMillis) {
+        mImpl.postRunnableDelayed(runnable, delayedMillis);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes and cancels the specified {@code runnable} if it had not posted/started yet. Calling
+     * with null does nothing.
+     */
+    public void removeRunnable(@Nullable NamedRunnable runnable) {
+        mImpl.removeRunnable(runnable);
+    }
+
+    /** Asserts that the current operation is being executed in the Event Loop's thread. */
+    public void checkThread() {
+        mImpl.checkThread();
+    }
+
+    public Handler getHandler() {
+        return mImpl.getHandler();
+    }
+
+    interface Interface {
+        void destroy();
+
+        void postAndWait(NamedRunnable runnable) throws InterruptedException;
+
+        void postToFrontAndWait(NamedRunnable runnable) throws InterruptedException;
+
+        boolean isPosted(NamedRunnable runnable);
+
+        void postRunnable(NamedRunnable runnable);
+
+        void postEmptyQueueRunnable(NamedRunnable runnable);
+
+        void postRunnableDelayed(NamedRunnable runnable, long delayedMillis);
+
+        void removeRunnable(NamedRunnable runnable);
+
+        void checkThread();
+
+        Handler getHandler();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/HandlerEventLoopImpl.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/HandlerEventLoopImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..018dcdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/HandlerEventLoopImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.HandlerThread;
+import android.os.Looper;
+import android.os.Message;
+import android.os.MessageQueue;
+import android.os.Process;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+
+/**
+ * Handles executing runnables on a background thread.
+ *
+ * <p>Nearby services follow an event loop model where events can be queued and delivered in the
+ * future. All code that is run in this package is guaranteed to be run on this thread. The main
+ * advantage of this model is that all modules don't have to deal with synchronization and race
+ * conditions, while making it easy to handle the several asynchronous tasks that are expected to be
+ * needed for this type of provider (such as starting a WiFi scan and waiting for the result,
+ * starting BLE scans, doing a server request and waiting for the response etc.).
+ *
+ * <p>Code that needs to wait for an event should not spawn a new thread nor sleep. It should simply
+ * deliver a new message to the event queue when the reply of the event happens.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ */
+// TODO(b/203471261) use executor instead of handler
+// TODO(b/177675274): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+final class HandlerEventLoopImpl implements EventLoop.Interface {
+    /** The {@link Message#what} code for all messages that we post to the EventLoop. */
+    private static final int WHAT = 0;
+
+    private static final long ELAPSED_THRESHOLD_MS = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(5);
+    private static final long RUNNABLE_DELAY_THRESHOLD_MS = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(2);
+    private static final String TAG = HandlerEventLoopImpl.class.getSimpleName();
+    private final MyHandler mHandler;
+
+    private volatile boolean mIsDestroyed = false;
+
+    /** Constructs an EventLoop. */
+    HandlerEventLoopImpl(String name) {
+        this(name, createHandlerThread(name));
+    }
+
+    HandlerEventLoopImpl(String name, Looper looper) {
+
+        mHandler = new MyHandler(looper);
+        Log.d(TAG,
+                "Created EventLoop for thread '" + looper.getThread().getName()
+                        + "(id: " + looper.getThread().getId() + ")'");
+    }
+
+    private static Looper createHandlerThread(String name) {
+        HandlerThread handlerThread = new HandlerThread(name, Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
+        handlerThread.start();
+
+        return handlerThread.getLooper();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Wrapper to satisfy Android Lint. {@link Looper#getQueue()} is public and available since ICS,
+     * but was marked @hide until Marshmallow. Tested that this code doesn't crash pre-Marshmallow.
+     * /aosp-ics/frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/Looper.java?l=218
+     */
+    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
+    private static MessageQueue getQueue(Handler handler) {
+        return handler.getLooper().getQueue();
+    }
+
+    /** Marks the EventLoop as destroyed. Any further messages received will be ignored. */
+    @Override
+    public void destroy() {
+        Looper looper = mHandler.getLooper();
+        Log.d(TAG,
+                "Destroying EventLoop for thread " + looper.getThread().getName()
+                        + " (id: " + looper.getThread().getId() + ")");
+        looper.quit();
+        mIsDestroyed = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Posts a runnable to this event loop, blocking until the runnable has been executed. This
+     * should
+     * be used rarely. It could be useful, for example, for a runnable that initializes the system
+     * and
+     * must block the posting of all other runnables.
+     *
+     * @param runnable a Runnable to post. This method will not return until the run() method of the
+     *                 given runnable has executed on the background thread.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void postAndWait(final NamedRunnable runnable) throws InterruptedException {
+        internalPostAndWait(runnable, false);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void postToFrontAndWait(final NamedRunnable runnable) throws InterruptedException {
+        internalPostAndWait(runnable, true);
+    }
+
+    /** Checks if there are any pending posts of the Runnable in the queue. */
+    @Override
+    public boolean isPosted(NamedRunnable runnable) {
+        return mHandler.hasMessages(WHAT, runnable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run code on the event loop thread.
+     *
+     * @param runnable the runnable to execute.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void postRunnable(NamedRunnable runnable) {
+        Log.d(TAG, "Posting " + runnable);
+        mHandler.post(runnable, 0L, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run code to be executed when there is no runnable scheduled.
+     *
+     * @param runnable last runnable to execute.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void postEmptyQueueRunnable(final NamedRunnable runnable) {
+        mHandler.post(
+                () ->
+                        getQueue(mHandler)
+                                .addIdleHandler(
+                                        () -> {
+                                            if (mHandler.hasMessages(WHAT)) {
+                                                return true;
+                                            } else {
+                                                // Only stop if start has not been called since
+                                                // this was queued
+                                                runnable.run();
+                                                return false;
+                                            }
+                                        }));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run code on the event loop thread after delayedMillis.
+     *
+     * @param runnable      the runnable to execute.
+     * @param delayedMillis the number of milliseconds before executing the runnable.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void postRunnableDelayed(NamedRunnable runnable, long delayedMillis) {
+        Log.d(TAG, "Posting " + runnable + " [delay " + delayedMillis + "]");
+        mHandler.post(runnable, delayedMillis, false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes and cancels the specified {@code runnable} if it had not posted/started yet. Calling
+     * with null does nothing.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void removeRunnable(@Nullable NamedRunnable runnable) {
+        if (runnable != null) {
+            // Removes any pending sent messages where what=WHAT and obj=runnable. We can't use
+            // removeCallbacks(runnable) because we're not posting the runnable directly, we're
+            // sending a Message with the runnable as its obj.
+            mHandler.removeMessages(WHAT, runnable);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Asserts that the current operation is being executed in the Event Loop's thread. */
+    @Override
+    public void checkThread() {
+
+        Thread currentThread = Looper.myLooper().getThread();
+        Thread expectedThread = mHandler.getLooper().getThread();
+        if (currentThread.getId() != expectedThread.getId()) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(
+                    String.format(
+                            "This method must run in the EventLoop thread '%s (id: %s)'. "
+                                    + "Was called from thread '%s (id: %s)'.",
+                            expectedThread.getName(),
+                            expectedThread.getId(),
+                            currentThread.getName(),
+                            currentThread.getId()));
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Handler getHandler() {
+        return mHandler;
+    }
+
+    private void internalPostAndWait(final NamedRunnable runnable, boolean postToFront)
+            throws InterruptedException {
+        final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        NamedRunnable delegate =
+                new NamedRunnable(runnable.name) {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() {
+                        try {
+                            runnable.run();
+                        } finally {
+                            latch.countDown();
+                        }
+                    }
+                };
+
+        Log.d(TAG, "Posting " + delegate + " and wait");
+        if (!mHandler.post(delegate, 0L, postToFront)) {
+            // Do not wait if delegate is not posted.
+            Log.d(TAG, delegate + " not posted");
+            latch.countDown();
+        }
+        latch.await();
+    }
+
+    /** Handler that executes code on a private event loop thread. */
+    private class MyHandler extends Handler {
+
+        MyHandler(Looper looper) {
+            super(looper);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
+            NamedRunnable runnable = (NamedRunnable) msg.obj;
+
+            if (mIsDestroyed) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "Runnable " + runnable
+                        + " attempted to run after the EventLoop was destroyed. Ignoring");
+                return;
+            }
+            Log.i(TAG, "Executing " + runnable);
+
+            // Did this runnable start much later than we expected it to? If so, then log.
+            long expectedStartTime = (long) msg.arg1 << 32 | (msg.arg2 & 0xFFFFFFFFL);
+            logIfExceedsThreshold(
+                    RUNNABLE_DELAY_THRESHOLD_MS, expectedStartTime, runnable, "was delayed for");
+
+            long startTimeMillis = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+            try {
+                runnable.run();
+            } catch (Exception t) {
+                Log.e(TAG, runnable + "crashed.");
+                throw t;
+            } finally {
+                logIfExceedsThreshold(ELAPSED_THRESHOLD_MS, startTimeMillis, runnable, "ran for");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private boolean post(NamedRunnable runnable, long delayedMillis, boolean postToFront) {
+            if (mIsDestroyed) {
+                Log.w(TAG, runnable + " not posted since EventLoop is destroyed");
+                return false;
+            }
+            long expectedStartTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() + delayedMillis;
+            int arg1 = (int) (expectedStartTime >> 32);
+            int arg2 = (int) expectedStartTime;
+            Message message = obtainMessage(WHAT, arg1, arg2, runnable /* obj */);
+            boolean sent =
+                    postToFront
+                            ? sendMessageAtFrontOfQueue(message)
+                            : sendMessageDelayed(message, delayedMillis);
+            if (!sent) {
+                Log.w(TAG, runnable + "not posted since looper is exiting");
+            }
+            return sent;
+        }
+
+        private void logIfExceedsThreshold(
+                long thresholdMillis, long startTimeMillis, NamedRunnable runnable,
+                String message) {
+            long elapsedMillis = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startTimeMillis;
+            if (elapsedMillis > thresholdMillis) {
+                String elapsedFormatted =
+                        new SimpleDateFormat("mm:ss.SSS", Locale.US).format(elapsedMillis);
+                Log.w(TAG, runnable + " " + message + " " + elapsedFormatted);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/NamedRunnable.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/NamedRunnable.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..578e3f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/NamedRunnable.java
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop;
+
+/** A Runnable with a name, for logging purposes. */
+public abstract class NamedRunnable implements Runnable {
+    public final String name;
+
+    public NamedRunnable(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "Runnable[" + name + "]";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/fastpair/IconUtils.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/fastpair/IconUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35a1a9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/fastpair/IconUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.fastpair;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.graphics.Bitmap;
+import android.graphics.Canvas;
+import android.graphics.Color;
+import android.graphics.Paint;
+
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+import androidx.core.graphics.ColorUtils;
+
+/** Utility methods for icon size verification. */
+public class IconUtils {
+    private static final int MIN_ICON_SIZE = 16;
+    private static final int DESIRED_ICON_SIZE = 32;
+    private static final double NOTIFICATION_BACKGROUND_PADDING_PERCENTAGE = 0.125;
+    private static final double NOTIFICATION_BACKGROUND_ALPHA = 0.7;
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that the icon is non null and falls in the small bucket. Just because an icon isn't
+     * small doesn't guarantee it is large or exists.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static boolean isIconSizedSmall(@Nullable Bitmap bitmap) {
+        if (bitmap == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        int min = MIN_ICON_SIZE;
+        int desired = DESIRED_ICON_SIZE;
+        return bitmap.getWidth() >= min
+                && bitmap.getWidth() < desired
+                && bitmap.getHeight() >= min
+                && bitmap.getHeight() < desired;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verify that the icon is non null and falls in the regular / default size bucket. Doesn't
+     * guarantee if not regular then it is small.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static boolean isIconSizedRegular(@Nullable Bitmap bitmap) {
+        if (bitmap == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return bitmap.getWidth() >= DESIRED_ICON_SIZE
+                && bitmap.getHeight() >= DESIRED_ICON_SIZE;
+    }
+
+    // All icons that are sized correctly (larger than the min icon size) are resize on the server
+    // to the desired icon size so that they appear correct in notifications.
+
+    /**
+     * All icons that are sized correctly (larger than the min icon size) are resize on the server
+     * to the desired icon size so that they appear correct in notifications.
+     */
+    public static boolean isIconSizeCorrect(@Nullable Bitmap bitmap) {
+        if (bitmap == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return isIconSizedSmall(bitmap) || isIconSizedRegular(bitmap);
+    }
+
+    /** Adds a circular, white background to the bitmap. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static Bitmap addWhiteCircleBackground(Context context, @Nullable Bitmap bitmap) {
+        if (bitmap == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (bitmap.getWidth() != bitmap.getHeight()) {
+            return bitmap;
+        }
+
+        int padding = (int) (bitmap.getWidth() * NOTIFICATION_BACKGROUND_PADDING_PERCENTAGE);
+        Bitmap bitmapWithBackground =
+                Bitmap.createBitmap(
+                        bitmap.getWidth() + (2 * padding),
+                        bitmap.getHeight() + (2 * padding),
+                        bitmap.getConfig());
+        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmapWithBackground);
+        Paint paint = new Paint();
+        paint.setColor(
+                ColorUtils.setAlphaComponent(
+                        Color.WHITE, (int) (255 * NOTIFICATION_BACKGROUND_ALPHA)));
+        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
+        paint.setAntiAlias(true);
+        canvas.drawCircle(
+                bitmapWithBackground.getWidth() / 2f,
+                bitmapWithBackground.getHeight() / 2f,
+                bitmapWithBackground.getWidth() / 2f,
+                paint);
+        canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, padding, padding, null);
+        return bitmapWithBackground;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/fastpair/service/UserActionHandlerBase.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/fastpair/service/UserActionHandlerBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67d87e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/fastpair/service/UserActionHandlerBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.fastpair.service;
+
+/** Handles intents to {@link com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairManager}. */
+public class UserActionHandlerBase {
+    public static final String PREFIX = "com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.";
+    public static final String ACTION_PREFIX = "com.android.server.nearby:";
+
+    public static final String EXTRA_ITEM_ID = PREFIX + "EXTRA_ITEM_ID";
+    public static final String EXTRA_COMPANION_APP = ACTION_PREFIX + "EXTRA_COMPANION_APP";
+    public static final String EXTRA_MAC_ADDRESS = PREFIX + "EXTRA_MAC_ADDRESS";
+
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/Locator.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/Locator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2003335
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/Locator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.locator;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.ContextWrapper;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/** Collection of bindings that map service types to their respective implementation(s). */
+public class Locator {
+    private static final Object UNBOUND = new Object();
+    private final Context mContext;
+    @Nullable
+    private Locator mParent;
+    private final String mTag; // For debugging
+    private final Map<Class<?>, Object> mBindings = new HashMap<>();
+    private final ArrayList<Module> mModules = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    /** Thrown upon attempt to bind an interface twice. */
+    public static class DuplicateBindingException extends RuntimeException {
+        DuplicateBindingException(String msg) {
+            super(msg);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor with a null parent. */
+    public Locator(Context context) {
+        this(context, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor. Supply a valid context and the Locator's parent.
+     *
+     * <p>To find a suitable parent you may want to use findLocator.
+     */
+    public Locator(Context context, @Nullable Locator parent) {
+        this.mContext = context;
+        this.mParent = parent;
+        this.mTag = context.getClass().getName();
+    }
+
+    /** Attaches the parent to the locator. */
+    public void attachParent(Locator parent) {
+        this.mParent = parent;
+    }
+
+    /** Associates the specified type with the supplied instance. */
+    public <T extends Object> Locator bind(Class<T> type, T instance) {
+        bindKeyValue(type, instance);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /** For tests only. Disassociates the specified type from any instance. */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public <T extends Object> Locator overrideBindingForTest(Class<T> type, T instance) {
+        mBindings.remove(type);
+        return bind(type, instance);
+    }
+
+    /** For tests only. Force Locator to return null when try to get an instance. */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public <T> Locator removeBindingForTest(Class<T> type) {
+        Locator locator = this;
+        do {
+            locator.mBindings.put(type, UNBOUND);
+            locator = locator.mParent;
+        } while (locator != null);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /** Binds a module. */
+    public synchronized Locator bind(Module module) {
+        mModules.add(module);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Searches the chain of locators for a binding for the given type.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if no binding is found.
+     */
+    public <T> T get(Class<T> type) {
+        T instance = getOptional(type);
+        if (instance != null) {
+            return instance;
+        }
+
+        String errorMessage = getUnboundErrorMessage(type);
+        throw new IllegalStateException(errorMessage);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    String getUnboundErrorMessage(Class<?> type) {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        sb.append("Unbound type: ").append(type.getName()).append("\n").append(
+                "Searched locators:\n");
+        Locator locator = this;
+        while (true) {
+            sb.append(locator.mTag);
+            locator = locator.mParent;
+            if (locator == null) {
+                break;
+            }
+            sb.append(" ->\n");
+        }
+        return sb.toString();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Searches the chain of locators for a binding for the given type. Returns null if no locator
+     * was
+     * found.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public <T> T getOptional(Class<T> type) {
+        Locator locator = this;
+        do {
+            T instance = locator.getInstance(type);
+            if (instance != null) {
+                return instance;
+            }
+            locator = locator.mParent;
+        } while (locator != null);
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private synchronized <T extends Object> void bindKeyValue(Class<T> key, T value) {
+        Object boundInstance = mBindings.get(key);
+        if (boundInstance != null) {
+            if (boundInstance == UNBOUND) {
+                Log.w(mTag, "Bind call too late - someone already tried to get: " + key);
+            } else {
+                throw new DuplicateBindingException("Duplicate binding: " + key);
+            }
+        }
+        mBindings.put(key, value);
+    }
+
+    // Suppress warning of cast from Object -> T
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @Nullable
+    private synchronized <T> T getInstance(Class<T> type) {
+        if (mContext == null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Locator not initialized yet.");
+        }
+
+        T instance = (T) mBindings.get(type);
+        if (instance != null) {
+            return instance != UNBOUND ? instance : null;
+        }
+
+        // Ask modules to supply a binding
+        int moduleCount = mModules.size();
+        for (int i = 0; i < moduleCount; i++) {
+            mModules.get(i).configure(mContext, type, this);
+        }
+
+        instance = (T) mBindings.get(type);
+        if (instance == null) {
+            mBindings.put(type, UNBOUND);
+        }
+        return instance;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Iterates over all bound objects and gives the modules a chance to clean up the objects they
+     * have created.
+     */
+    public synchronized void destroy() {
+        for (Class<?> type : mBindings.keySet()) {
+            Object instance = mBindings.get(type);
+            if (instance == UNBOUND) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            for (Module module : mModules) {
+                module.destroy(mContext, type, instance);
+            }
+        }
+        mBindings.clear();
+    }
+
+    /** Returns true if there are no bindings. */
+    public boolean isEmpty() {
+        return mBindings.isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the parent locator or null if no parent. */
+    @Nullable
+    public Locator getParent() {
+        return mParent;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Finds the first locator, then searches the chain of locators for a binding for the given
+     * type.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if no binding is found.
+     */
+    public static <T> T get(Context context, Class<T> type) {
+        Locator locator = findLocator(context);
+        if (locator == null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("No locator found in context " + context);
+        }
+        return locator.get(type);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Find the first locator from the context wrapper.
+     */
+    public static <T> T getFromContextWrapper(LocatorContextWrapper wrapper, Class<T> type) {
+        Locator locator = wrapper.getLocator();
+        if (locator == null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("No locator found in context wrapper");
+        }
+        return locator.get(type);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Finds the first locator, then searches the chain of locators for a binding for the given
+     * type.
+     * Returns null if no binding was found.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static <T> T getOptional(Context context, Class<T> type) {
+        Locator locator = findLocator(context);
+        if (locator == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return locator.getOptional(type);
+    }
+
+    /** Finds the first locator in the context hierarchy. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static Locator findLocator(Context context) {
+        Context applicationContext = context.getApplicationContext();
+        boolean applicationContextVisited = false;
+
+        Context searchContext = context;
+        do {
+            Locator locator = tryGetLocator(searchContext);
+            if (locator != null) {
+                return locator;
+            }
+
+            applicationContextVisited |= (searchContext == applicationContext);
+
+            if (searchContext instanceof ContextWrapper) {
+                searchContext = ((ContextWrapper) context).getBaseContext();
+
+                if (searchContext == null) {
+                    throw new IllegalStateException(
+                            "Invalid ContextWrapper -- If this is a Robolectric test, "
+                                    + "have you called ActivityController.create()?");
+                }
+            } else if (!applicationContextVisited) {
+                searchContext = applicationContext;
+            } else {
+                searchContext = null;
+            }
+        } while (searchContext != null);
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private static Locator tryGetLocator(Object object) {
+        if (object instanceof LocatorContext) {
+            Locator locator = ((LocatorContext) object).getLocator();
+            if (locator == null) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException(
+                        "LocatorContext must not return null Locator: " + object);
+            }
+            return locator;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/LocatorContext.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/LocatorContext.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06eef8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/LocatorContext.java
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.locator;
+
+/**
+ * An object that has a {@link Locator}. The locator can be used to resolve service types to their
+ * respective implementation(s).
+ */
+public interface LocatorContext {
+    /** Returns the locator. May not return null. */
+    Locator getLocator();
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/LocatorContextWrapper.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/LocatorContextWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03df33f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/LocatorContextWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.locator;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.ContextWrapper;
+
+/**
+ * Wraps a Context and associates it with a Locator, optionally linking it with a parent locator.
+ */
+public class LocatorContextWrapper extends ContextWrapper implements LocatorContext {
+    private final Locator mLocator;
+    private final Context mContext;
+    /** Constructs a context wrapper with a Locator linked to the passed locator. */
+    public LocatorContextWrapper(Context context, @Nullable Locator parentLocator) {
+        super(context);
+        mContext = context;
+        // Assigning under initialization object, but it's safe, since locator is used lazily.
+        this.mLocator = new Locator(this, parentLocator);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a context wrapper.
+     *
+     * <p>Uses the Locator associated with the passed context as the parent.
+     */
+    public LocatorContextWrapper(Context context) {
+        this(context, Locator.findLocator(context));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the context of the context wrapper.
+     */
+    public Context getContext() {
+        return mContext;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Locator getLocator() {
+        return mLocator;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/Module.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/Module.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0131c44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/Module.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.locator;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+
+/** Configures late bindings of service types to their concrete implementations. */
+public abstract class Module {
+    /**
+     * Configures the binding between the {@code type} and its implementation by calling methods on
+     * the {@code locator}, for example:
+     *
+     * <pre>{@code
+     * void configure(Context context, Class<?> type, Locator locator) {
+     *   if (type == MyService.class) {
+     *     locator.bind(MyService.class, new MyImplementation(context));
+     *   }
+     * }
+     * }</pre>
+     *
+     * <p>If the module does not recognize the specified type, the method does not have to do
+     * anything.
+     */
+    public abstract void configure(Context context, Class<?> type, Locator locator);
+
+    /**
+     * Notifies you that a binding of class {@code type} is no longer needed and can now release
+     * everything it was holding on to, such as a database connection.
+     *
+     * <pre>{@code
+     * void destroy(Context context, Class<?> type, Object instance) {
+     *   if (type == MyService.class) {
+     *     ((MyService) instance).destroy();
+     *   }
+     * }
+     * }</pre>
+     *
+     * <p>If the module does not recognize the specified type, the method does not have to do
+     * anything.
+     */
+    public void destroy(Context context, Class<?> type, Object instance) {}
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/CurrentUserServiceProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/CurrentUserServiceProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80248e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/CurrentUserServiceProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor;
+
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.GET_META_DATA;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.MATCH_DIRECT_BOOT_AUTO;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.MATCH_DIRECT_BOOT_AWARE;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.MATCH_DIRECT_BOOT_UNAWARE;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.MATCH_SYSTEM_ONLY;
+
+import android.app.ActivityManager;
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.ComponentName;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor.ServiceMonitor.ServiceChangedListener;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor.ServiceMonitor.ServiceProvider;
+
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * This is mostly borrowed from frameworks CurrentUserServiceSupplier.
+ * Provides services based on the current active user and version as defined in the service
+ * manifest. This implementation uses {@link android.content.pm.PackageManager#MATCH_SYSTEM_ONLY} to
+ * ensure only system (ie, privileged) services are matched. It also handles services that are not
+ * direct boot aware, and will automatically pick the best service as the user's direct boot state
+ * changes.
+ */
+public final class CurrentUserServiceProvider extends BroadcastReceiver implements
+        ServiceProvider<CurrentUserServiceProvider.BoundServiceInfo> {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "CurrentUserServiceProvider";
+
+    private static final String EXTRA_SERVICE_VERSION = "serviceVersion";
+
+    // This is equal to the hidden Intent.ACTION_USER_SWITCHED.
+    private static final String ACTION_USER_SWITCHED = "android.intent.action.USER_SWITCHED";
+    // This is equal to the hidden Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE.
+    private static final String EXTRA_USER_HANDLE = "android.intent.extra.user_handle";
+    // This is equal to the hidden UserHandle.USER_NULL.
+    private static final int USER_NULL = -10000;
+
+    private static final Comparator<BoundServiceInfo> sBoundServiceInfoComparator = (o1, o2) -> {
+        if (o1 == o2) {
+            return 0;
+        } else if (o1 == null) {
+            return -1;
+        } else if (o2 == null) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        // ServiceInfos with higher version numbers always win.
+        return Integer.compare(o1.getVersion(), o2.getVersion());
+    };
+
+    /** Bound service information with version information. */
+    public static class BoundServiceInfo extends ServiceMonitor.BoundServiceInfo {
+
+        private static int parseUid(ResolveInfo resolveInfo) {
+            return resolveInfo.serviceInfo.applicationInfo.uid;
+        }
+
+        private static int parseVersion(ResolveInfo resolveInfo) {
+            int version = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
+            if (resolveInfo.serviceInfo.metaData != null) {
+                version = resolveInfo.serviceInfo.metaData.getInt(EXTRA_SERVICE_VERSION, version);
+            }
+            return version;
+        }
+
+        private final int mVersion;
+
+        protected BoundServiceInfo(String action, ResolveInfo resolveInfo) {
+            this(
+                    action,
+                    parseUid(resolveInfo),
+                    new ComponentName(
+                            resolveInfo.serviceInfo.packageName,
+                            resolveInfo.serviceInfo.name),
+                    parseVersion(resolveInfo));
+        }
+
+        protected BoundServiceInfo(String action, int uid, ComponentName componentName,
+                int version) {
+            super(action, uid, componentName);
+            mVersion = version;
+        }
+
+        public int getVersion() {
+            return mVersion;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return super.toString() + "@" + mVersion;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates an instance with the specific service details.
+     *
+     * @param context the context the provider is to use
+     * @param action the action the service must declare in its intent-filter
+     */
+    public static CurrentUserServiceProvider create(Context context, String action) {
+        return new CurrentUserServiceProvider(context, action);
+    }
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final Intent mIntent;
+    private volatile ServiceChangedListener mListener;
+
+    private CurrentUserServiceProvider(Context context, String action) {
+        mContext = context;
+        mIntent = new Intent(action);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean hasMatchingService() {
+        int intentQueryFlags =
+                MATCH_DIRECT_BOOT_AWARE | MATCH_DIRECT_BOOT_UNAWARE | MATCH_SYSTEM_ONLY;
+        List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfos = mContext.getPackageManager().queryIntentServicesAsUser(
+                mIntent, intentQueryFlags, UserHandle.SYSTEM);
+        return !resolveInfos.isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void register(ServiceChangedListener listener) {
+        Preconditions.checkState(mListener == null);
+
+        mListener = listener;
+
+        IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
+        intentFilter.addAction(ACTION_USER_SWITCHED);
+        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_UNLOCKED);
+        mContext.registerReceiverForAllUsers(this, intentFilter, null,
+                ForegroundThread.getHandler());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void unregister() {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(mListener != null);
+
+        mListener = null;
+        mContext.unregisterReceiver(this);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public BoundServiceInfo getServiceInfo() {
+        BoundServiceInfo bestServiceInfo = null;
+
+        // only allow services in the correct direct boot state to match
+        int intentQueryFlags = MATCH_DIRECT_BOOT_AUTO | GET_META_DATA | MATCH_SYSTEM_ONLY;
+        List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfos = mContext.getPackageManager().queryIntentServicesAsUser(
+                mIntent, intentQueryFlags, UserHandle.of(ActivityManager.getCurrentUser()));
+        for (ResolveInfo resolveInfo : resolveInfos) {
+            BoundServiceInfo serviceInfo =
+                    new BoundServiceInfo(mIntent.getAction(), resolveInfo);
+
+            if (sBoundServiceInfoComparator.compare(serviceInfo, bestServiceInfo) > 0) {
+                bestServiceInfo = serviceInfo;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return bestServiceInfo;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+        String action = intent.getAction();
+        if (action == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        int userId = intent.getIntExtra(EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, USER_NULL);
+        if (userId == USER_NULL) {
+            return;
+        }
+        ServiceChangedListener listener = mListener;
+        if (listener == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        switch (action) {
+            case ACTION_USER_SWITCHED:
+                listener.onServiceChanged();
+                break;
+            case Intent.ACTION_USER_UNLOCKED:
+                // user unlocked implies direct boot mode may have changed
+                if (userId == ActivityManager.getCurrentUser()) {
+                    listener.onServiceChanged();
+                }
+                break;
+            default:
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/ForegroundThread.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/ForegroundThread.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c363f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/ForegroundThread.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor;
+
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.HandlerThread;
+
+import com.android.modules.utils.HandlerExecutor;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/**
+ * Thread for asynchronous event processing. This thread is configured as
+ * {@link android.os.Process#THREAD_PRIORITY_FOREGROUND}, which means more CPU
+ * resources will be dedicated to it, and it will be treated like "a user
+ * interface that the user is interacting with."
+ * <p>
+ * This thread is best suited for tasks that the user is actively waiting for,
+ * or for tasks that the user expects to be executed immediately.
+ *
+ */
+public final class ForegroundThread extends HandlerThread {
+    private static ForegroundThread sInstance;
+    private static Handler sHandler;
+    private static HandlerExecutor sHandlerExecutor;
+
+    private ForegroundThread() {
+        super("nearbyfg", android.os.Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_FOREGROUND);
+    }
+
+    private static void ensureThreadLocked() {
+        if (sInstance == null) {
+            sInstance = new ForegroundThread();
+            sInstance.start();
+            sHandler = new Handler(sInstance.getLooper());
+            sHandlerExecutor = new HandlerExecutor(sHandler);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Get ForegroundThread singleton instance. */
+    public static ForegroundThread get() {
+        synchronized (ForegroundThread.class) {
+            ensureThreadLocked();
+            return sInstance;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Get ForegroundThread singleton handler. */
+    public static Handler getHandler() {
+        synchronized (ForegroundThread.class) {
+            ensureThreadLocked();
+            return sHandler;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Get ForegroundThread singleton executor. */
+    public static Executor getExecutor() {
+        synchronized (ForegroundThread.class) {
+            ensureThreadLocked();
+            return sHandlerExecutor;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/PackageWatcher.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/PackageWatcher.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d1db57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/PackageWatcher.java
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor;
+
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.net.Uri;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.Looper;
+
+import com.android.modules.utils.BackgroundThread;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * This is mostly from frameworks PackageMonitor.
+ * Helper class for watching somePackagesChanged.
+ */
+public abstract class PackageWatcher extends BroadcastReceiver {
+    static final String TAG = "PackageWatcher";
+    static final IntentFilter sPackageFilt = new IntentFilter();
+    static final IntentFilter sNonDataFilt = new IntentFilter();
+    static final IntentFilter sExternalFilt = new IntentFilter();
+
+    static {
+        sPackageFilt.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED);
+        sPackageFilt.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED);
+        sPackageFilt.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_CHANGED);
+        sPackageFilt.addDataScheme("package");
+        sNonDataFilt.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGES_SUSPENDED);
+        sNonDataFilt.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGES_UNSUSPENDED);
+        sExternalFilt.addAction(Intent.ACTION_EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_AVAILABLE);
+        sExternalFilt.addAction(Intent.ACTION_EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_UNAVAILABLE);
+    }
+
+    Context mRegisteredContext;
+    Handler mRegisteredHandler;
+    boolean mSomePackagesChanged;
+
+    public PackageWatcher() {
+    }
+
+    void register(Context context, Looper thread, boolean externalStorage) {
+        register(context, externalStorage,
+                (thread == null) ? BackgroundThread.getHandler() : new Handler(thread));
+    }
+
+    void register(Context context, boolean externalStorage, Handler handler) {
+        if (mRegisteredContext != null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Already registered");
+        }
+        mRegisteredContext = context;
+        mRegisteredHandler = Objects.requireNonNull(handler);
+        context.registerReceiverForAllUsers(this, sPackageFilt, null, mRegisteredHandler);
+        context.registerReceiverForAllUsers(this, sNonDataFilt, null, mRegisteredHandler);
+        if (externalStorage) {
+            context.registerReceiverForAllUsers(this, sExternalFilt, null, mRegisteredHandler);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void unregister() {
+        if (mRegisteredContext == null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Not registered");
+        }
+        mRegisteredContext.unregisterReceiver(this);
+        mRegisteredContext = null;
+    }
+
+    // Called when some package has been changed.
+    abstract void onSomePackagesChanged();
+
+    String getPackageName(Intent intent) {
+        Uri uri = intent.getData();
+        String pkg = uri != null ? uri.getSchemeSpecificPart() : null;
+        return pkg;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+        mSomePackagesChanged = false;
+
+        String action = intent.getAction();
+        if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED.equals(action)) {
+            // We consider something to have changed regardless of whether
+            // this is just an update, because the update is now finished
+            // and the contents of the package may have changed.
+            mSomePackagesChanged = true;
+        } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED.equals(action)) {
+            String pkg = getPackageName(intent);
+            if (pkg != null) {
+                if (!intent.getBooleanExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REPLACING, false)) {
+                    mSomePackagesChanged = true;
+                }
+            }
+        } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {
+            String pkg = getPackageName(intent);
+            if (pkg != null) {
+                mSomePackagesChanged = true;
+            }
+        } else if (Intent.ACTION_EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_AVAILABLE.equals(action)) {
+            mSomePackagesChanged = true;
+        } else if (Intent.ACTION_EXTERNAL_APPLICATIONS_UNAVAILABLE.equals(action)) {
+            mSomePackagesChanged = true;
+        } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGES_SUSPENDED.equals(action)) {
+            mSomePackagesChanged = true;
+        } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGES_UNSUSPENDED.equals(action)) {
+            mSomePackagesChanged = true;
+        }
+
+        if (mSomePackagesChanged) {
+            onSomePackagesChanged();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/ServiceMonitor.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/ServiceMonitor.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a86af85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/ServiceMonitor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.ComponentName;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/**
+ * This is exported from frameworks ServiceWatcher.
+ * A ServiceMonitor is responsible for continuously maintaining an active binding to a service
+ * selected by it's {@link ServiceProvider}. The {@link ServiceProvider} may change the service it
+ * selects over time, and the currently bound service may crash, restart, have a user change, have
+ * changes made to its package, and so on and so forth. The ServiceMonitor is responsible for
+ * maintaining the binding across all these changes.
+ *
+ * <p>Clients may invoke {@link BinderOperation}s on the ServiceMonitor, and it will make a best
+ * effort to run these on the currently bound service, but individual operations may fail (if there
+ * is no service currently bound for instance). In order to help clients maintain the correct state,
+ * clients may supply a {@link ServiceListener}, which is informed when the ServiceMonitor connects
+ * and disconnects from a service. This allows clients to bring a bound service back into a known
+ * state on connection, and then run binder operations from there. In order to help clients
+ * accomplish this, ServiceMonitor guarantees that {@link BinderOperation}s and the
+ * {@link ServiceListener} will always be run on the same thread, so that strong ordering guarantees
+ * can be established between them.
+ *
+ * There is never any guarantee of whether a ServiceMonitor is currently connected to a service, and
+ * whether any particular {@link BinderOperation} will succeed. Clients must ensure they do not rely
+ * on this, and instead use {@link ServiceListener} notifications as necessary to recover from
+ * failures.
+ */
+public interface ServiceMonitor {
+
+    /**
+     * Operation to run on a binder interface. All operations will be run on the thread used by the
+     * ServiceMonitor this is run with.
+     */
+    interface BinderOperation {
+        /** Invoked to run the operation. Run on the ServiceMonitor thread. */
+        void run(IBinder binder) throws RemoteException;
+
+        /**
+         * Invoked if {@link #run(IBinder)} could not be invoked because there was no current
+         * binding, or if {@link #run(IBinder)} threw an exception ({@link RemoteException} or
+         * {@link RuntimeException}). This callback is only intended for resource deallocation and
+         * cleanup in response to a single binder operation, it should not be used to propagate
+         * errors further. Run on the ServiceMonitor thread.
+         */
+        default void onError() {}
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Listener for bind and unbind events. All operations will be run on the thread used by the
+     * ServiceMonitor this is run with.
+     *
+     * @param <TBoundServiceInfo> type of bound service
+     */
+    interface ServiceListener<TBoundServiceInfo extends BoundServiceInfo> {
+        /** Invoked when a service is bound. Run on the ServiceMonitor thread. */
+        void onBind(IBinder binder, TBoundServiceInfo service) throws RemoteException;
+
+        /** Invoked when a service is unbound. Run on the ServiceMonitor thread. */
+        void onUnbind();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A listener for when a {@link ServiceProvider} decides that the current service has changed.
+     */
+    interface ServiceChangedListener {
+        /**
+         * Should be invoked when the current service may have changed.
+         */
+        void onServiceChanged();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This provider encapsulates the logic of deciding what service a {@link ServiceMonitor} should
+     * be bound to at any given moment.
+     *
+     * @param <TBoundServiceInfo> type of bound service
+     */
+    interface ServiceProvider<TBoundServiceInfo extends BoundServiceInfo> {
+        /**
+         * Should return true if there exists at least one service capable of meeting the criteria
+         * of this provider. This does not imply that {@link #getServiceInfo()} will always return a
+         * non-null result, as any service may be disqualified for various reasons at any point in
+         * time. May be invoked at any time from any thread and thus should generally not have any
+         * dependency on the other methods in this interface.
+         */
+        boolean hasMatchingService();
+
+        /**
+         * Invoked when the provider should start monitoring for any changes that could result in a
+         * different service selection, and should invoke
+         * {@link ServiceChangedListener#onServiceChanged()} in that case. {@link #getServiceInfo()}
+         * may be invoked after this method is called.
+         */
+        void register(ServiceChangedListener listener);
+
+        /**
+         * Invoked when the provider should stop monitoring for any changes that could result in a
+         * different service selection, should no longer invoke
+         * {@link ServiceChangedListener#onServiceChanged()}. {@link #getServiceInfo()} will not be
+         * invoked after this method is called.
+         */
+        void unregister();
+
+        /**
+         * Must be implemented to return the current service selected by this provider. May return
+         * null if no service currently meets the criteria. Only invoked while registered.
+         */
+        @Nullable TBoundServiceInfo getServiceInfo();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Information on the service selected as the best option for binding.
+     */
+    class BoundServiceInfo {
+
+        protected final @Nullable String mAction;
+        protected final int mUid;
+        protected final ComponentName mComponentName;
+
+        protected BoundServiceInfo(String action, int uid, ComponentName componentName) {
+            mAction = action;
+            mUid = uid;
+            mComponentName = Objects.requireNonNull(componentName);
+        }
+
+        /** Returns the action associated with this bound service. */
+        public @Nullable String getAction() {
+            return mAction;
+        }
+
+        /** Returns the component of this bound service. */
+        public ComponentName getComponentName() {
+            return mComponentName;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public final boolean equals(Object o) {
+            if (this == o) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (!(o instanceof BoundServiceInfo)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            BoundServiceInfo that = (BoundServiceInfo) o;
+            return mUid == that.mUid
+                    && Objects.equals(mAction, that.mAction)
+                    && mComponentName.equals(that.mComponentName);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public final int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hash(mAction, mUid, mComponentName);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            if (mComponentName == null) {
+                return "none";
+            } else {
+                return mUid + "/" + mComponentName.flattenToShortString();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new ServiceMonitor instance.
+     */
+    static <TBoundServiceInfo extends BoundServiceInfo> ServiceMonitor create(
+            Context context,
+            String tag,
+            ServiceProvider<TBoundServiceInfo> serviceProvider,
+            @Nullable ServiceListener<? super TBoundServiceInfo> serviceListener) {
+        return create(context, ForegroundThread.getHandler(), ForegroundThread.getExecutor(), tag,
+                serviceProvider, serviceListener);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new ServiceMonitor instance that runs on the given handler.
+     */
+    static <TBoundServiceInfo extends BoundServiceInfo> ServiceMonitor create(
+            Context context,
+            Handler handler,
+            Executor executor,
+            String tag,
+            ServiceProvider<TBoundServiceInfo> serviceProvider,
+            @Nullable ServiceListener<? super TBoundServiceInfo> serviceListener) {
+        return new ServiceMonitorImpl<>(context, handler, executor, tag, serviceProvider,
+                serviceListener);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if there is at least one service that the ServiceMonitor could hypothetically
+     * bind to, as selected by the {@link ServiceProvider}.
+     */
+    boolean checkServiceResolves();
+
+    /**
+     * Registers the ServiceMonitor, so that it will begin maintaining an active binding to the
+     * service selected by {@link ServiceProvider}, until {@link #unregister()} is called.
+     */
+    void register();
+
+    /**
+     * Unregisters the ServiceMonitor, so that it will release any active bindings. If the
+     * ServiceMonitor is currently bound, this will result in one final
+     * {@link ServiceListener#onUnbind()} invocation, which may happen after this method completes
+     * (but which is guaranteed to occur before any further
+     * {@link ServiceListener#onBind(IBinder, BoundServiceInfo)} invocation in response to a later
+     * call to {@link #register()}).
+     */
+    void unregister();
+
+    /**
+     * Runs the given binder operation on the currently bound service (if available). The operation
+     * will always fail if the ServiceMonitor is not currently registered.
+     */
+    void runOnBinder(BinderOperation operation);
+
+    /**
+     * Dumps ServiceMonitor information.
+     */
+    void dump(PrintWriter pw);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/ServiceMonitorImpl.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/ServiceMonitorImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0d6c3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/ServiceMonitorImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor;
+
+import static android.content.Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE;
+import static android.content.Context.BIND_NOT_FOREGROUND;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.ComponentName;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.ServiceConnection;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.os.Looper;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor.ServiceMonitor.BoundServiceInfo;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor.ServiceMonitor.ServiceChangedListener;
+
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of ServiceMonitor. Keeping the implementation separate from the interface allows
+ * us to store the generic relationship between the service provider and the service listener, while
+ * hiding the generics from clients, simplifying the API.
+ */
+class ServiceMonitorImpl<TBoundServiceInfo extends BoundServiceInfo> implements ServiceMonitor,
+        ServiceChangedListener {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "ServiceMonitor";
+    private static final boolean D = Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG);
+    private static final long RETRY_DELAY_MS = 15 * 1000;
+
+    // This is the same as Context.BIND_NOT_VISIBLE.
+    private static final int BIND_NOT_VISIBLE = 0x40000000;
+
+    final Context mContext;
+    final Handler mHandler;
+    final Executor mExecutor;
+    final String mTag;
+    final ServiceProvider<TBoundServiceInfo> mServiceProvider;
+    final @Nullable ServiceListener<? super TBoundServiceInfo> mServiceListener;
+
+    private final PackageWatcher mPackageWatcher = new PackageWatcher() {
+        @Override
+        public void onSomePackagesChanged() {
+            onServiceChanged(false);
+        }
+    };
+
+    @GuardedBy("this")
+    private boolean mRegistered = false;
+    @GuardedBy("this")
+    private MyServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new MyServiceConnection(null);
+
+    ServiceMonitorImpl(Context context, Handler handler, Executor executor, String tag,
+            ServiceProvider<TBoundServiceInfo> serviceProvider,
+            ServiceListener<? super TBoundServiceInfo> serviceListener) {
+        mContext = context;
+        mExecutor = executor;
+        mHandler = handler;
+        mTag = tag;
+        mServiceProvider = serviceProvider;
+        mServiceListener = serviceListener;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean checkServiceResolves() {
+        return mServiceProvider.hasMatchingService();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void register() {
+        Preconditions.checkState(!mRegistered);
+
+        mRegistered = true;
+        mPackageWatcher.register(mContext, /*externalStorage=*/ true, mHandler);
+        mServiceProvider.register(this);
+
+        onServiceChanged(false);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void unregister() {
+        Preconditions.checkState(mRegistered);
+
+        mServiceProvider.unregister();
+        mPackageWatcher.unregister();
+        mRegistered = false;
+
+        onServiceChanged(false);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void onServiceChanged() {
+        onServiceChanged(false);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void runOnBinder(BinderOperation operation) {
+        MyServiceConnection serviceConnection = mServiceConnection;
+        mHandler.post(() -> serviceConnection.runOnBinder(operation));
+    }
+
+    synchronized void onServiceChanged(boolean forceRebind) {
+        TBoundServiceInfo newBoundServiceInfo;
+        if (mRegistered) {
+            newBoundServiceInfo = mServiceProvider.getServiceInfo();
+        } else {
+            newBoundServiceInfo = null;
+        }
+
+        if (forceRebind || !Objects.equals(mServiceConnection.getBoundServiceInfo(),
+                newBoundServiceInfo)) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "[" + mTag + "] chose new implementation " + newBoundServiceInfo);
+            MyServiceConnection oldServiceConnection = mServiceConnection;
+            MyServiceConnection newServiceConnection = new MyServiceConnection(newBoundServiceInfo);
+            mServiceConnection = newServiceConnection;
+            mHandler.post(() -> {
+                oldServiceConnection.unbind();
+                newServiceConnection.bind();
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        MyServiceConnection serviceConnection;
+        synchronized (this) {
+            serviceConnection = mServiceConnection;
+        }
+
+        return serviceConnection.getBoundServiceInfo().toString();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void dump(PrintWriter pw) {
+        MyServiceConnection serviceConnection;
+        synchronized (this) {
+            serviceConnection = mServiceConnection;
+        }
+
+        pw.println("target service=" + serviceConnection.getBoundServiceInfo());
+        pw.println("connected=" + serviceConnection.isConnected());
+    }
+
+    // runs on the handler thread, and expects most of its methods to be called from that thread
+    private class MyServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection {
+
+        private final @Nullable TBoundServiceInfo mBoundServiceInfo;
+
+        // volatile so that isConnected can be called from any thread easily
+        private volatile @Nullable IBinder mBinder;
+        private @Nullable Runnable mRebinder;
+
+        MyServiceConnection(@Nullable TBoundServiceInfo boundServiceInfo) {
+            mBoundServiceInfo = boundServiceInfo;
+        }
+
+        // may be called from any thread
+        @Nullable TBoundServiceInfo getBoundServiceInfo() {
+            return mBoundServiceInfo;
+        }
+
+        // may be called from any thread
+        boolean isConnected() {
+            return mBinder != null;
+        }
+
+        void bind() {
+            Preconditions.checkState(Looper.myLooper() == mHandler.getLooper());
+
+            if (mBoundServiceInfo == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (D) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "[" + mTag + "] binding to " + mBoundServiceInfo);
+            }
+
+            Intent bindIntent = new Intent(mBoundServiceInfo.getAction())
+                    .setComponent(mBoundServiceInfo.getComponentName());
+            if (!mContext.bindService(bindIntent,
+                    BIND_AUTO_CREATE | BIND_NOT_FOREGROUND | BIND_NOT_VISIBLE,
+                    mExecutor, this)) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "[" + mTag + "] unexpected bind failure - retrying later");
+                mRebinder = this::bind;
+                mHandler.postDelayed(mRebinder, RETRY_DELAY_MS);
+            } else {
+                mRebinder = null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        void unbind() {
+            Preconditions.checkState(Looper.myLooper() == mHandler.getLooper());
+
+            if (mBoundServiceInfo == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (D) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "[" + mTag + "] unbinding from " + mBoundServiceInfo);
+            }
+
+            if (mRebinder != null) {
+                mHandler.removeCallbacks(mRebinder);
+                mRebinder = null;
+            } else {
+                mContext.unbindService(this);
+            }
+
+            onServiceDisconnected(mBoundServiceInfo.getComponentName());
+        }
+
+        void runOnBinder(BinderOperation operation) {
+            Preconditions.checkState(Looper.myLooper() == mHandler.getLooper());
+
+            if (mBinder == null) {
+                operation.onError();
+                return;
+            }
+
+            try {
+                operation.run(mBinder);
+            } catch (RuntimeException | RemoteException e) {
+                // binders may propagate some specific non-RemoteExceptions from the other side
+                // through the binder as well - we cannot allow those to crash the system server
+                Log.e(TAG, "[" + mTag + "] error running operation on " + mBoundServiceInfo, e);
+                operation.onError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public final void onServiceConnected(ComponentName component, IBinder binder) {
+            Preconditions.checkState(Looper.myLooper() == mHandler.getLooper());
+            Preconditions.checkState(mBinder == null);
+
+            Log.i(TAG, "[" + mTag + "] connected to " + component.toShortString());
+
+            mBinder = binder;
+
+            if (mServiceListener != null) {
+                try {
+                    mServiceListener.onBind(binder, mBoundServiceInfo);
+                } catch (RuntimeException | RemoteException e) {
+                    // binders may propagate some specific non-RemoteExceptions from the other side
+                    // through the binder as well - we cannot allow those to crash the system server
+                    Log.e(TAG, "[" + mTag + "] error running operation on " + mBoundServiceInfo, e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public final void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName component) {
+            Preconditions.checkState(Looper.myLooper() == mHandler.getLooper());
+
+            if (mBinder == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Log.i(TAG, "[" + mTag + "] disconnected from " + mBoundServiceInfo);
+
+            mBinder = null;
+            if (mServiceListener != null) {
+                mServiceListener.onUnbind();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public final void onBindingDied(ComponentName component) {
+            Preconditions.checkState(Looper.myLooper() == mHandler.getLooper());
+
+            Log.w(TAG, "[" + mTag + "] " + mBoundServiceInfo + " died");
+
+            // introduce a small delay to prevent spamming binding over and over, since the likely
+            // cause of a binding dying is some package event that may take time to recover from
+            mHandler.postDelayed(() -> onServiceChanged(true), 500);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public final void onNullBinding(ComponentName component) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "[" + mTag + "] " + mBoundServiceInfo + " has null binding");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/Constant.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/Constant.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0695b5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/Constant.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair;
+
+/**
+ * String constant for half sheet.
+ */
+public class Constant {
+
+    /**
+     * Value represents true for {@link android.provider.Settings.Secure}
+     */
+    public static final int SETTINGS_TRUE_VALUE = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Tag for Fast Pair service related logs.
+     */
+    public static final String TAG = "FastPairService";
+
+    public static final String EXTRA_BINDER = "com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.BINDER";
+    public static final String EXTRA_BUNDLE = "com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.BUNDLE_EXTRA";
+    public static final String ACTION_FAST_PAIR_HALF_SHEET_CANCEL =
+            "com.android.nearby.ACTION_FAST_PAIR_HALF_SHEET_CANCEL";
+    public static final String EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_INFO =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HALF_SHEET";
+    public static final String EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_TYPE =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HALF_SHEET_TYPE";
+    public static final String DEVICE_PAIRING_FRAGMENT_TYPE = "DEVICE_PAIRING";
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairAdvHandler.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairAdvHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d459329
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairAdvHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.TAG;
+
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.FastPairDevice;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.decode.FastPairDecoder;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.util.RangingUtils;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bloomfilter.BloomFilter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.provider.FastPairDataProvider;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.DataUtils;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.Hex;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+import service.proto.Data;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+
+/**
+ * Handler that handle fast pair related broadcast.
+ */
+public class FastPairAdvHandler {
+    Context mContext;
+    String mBleAddress;
+    // Need to be deleted after notification manager in use.
+    private boolean mIsFirst = false;
+    private FastPairDataProvider mPairDataProvider;
+    private static final double NEARBY_DISTANCE_THRESHOLD = 0.6;
+
+    /** The types about how the bloomfilter is processed. */
+    public enum ProcessBloomFilterType {
+        IGNORE, // The bloomfilter is not handled. e.g. distance is too far away.
+        CACHE, // The bloomfilter is recognized in the local cache.
+        FOOTPRINT, // Need to check the bloomfilter from the footprints.
+        ACCOUNT_KEY_HIT // The specified account key was hit the bloom filter.
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor function.
+     */
+    public FastPairAdvHandler(Context context) {
+        mContext = context;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    FastPairAdvHandler(Context context, FastPairDataProvider dataProvider) {
+        mContext = context;
+        mPairDataProvider = dataProvider;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handles all of the scanner result. Fast Pair will handle model id broadcast bloomfilter
+     * broadcast and battery level broadcast.
+     */
+    public void handleBroadcast(NearbyDevice device) {
+        FastPairDevice fastPairDevice = (FastPairDevice) device;
+        mBleAddress = fastPairDevice.getBluetoothAddress();
+        if (mPairDataProvider == null) {
+            mPairDataProvider = FastPairDataProvider.getInstance();
+        }
+        if (mPairDataProvider == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (FastPairDecoder.checkModelId(fastPairDevice.getData())) {
+            byte[] model = FastPairDecoder.getModelId(fastPairDevice.getData());
+            Log.d(TAG, "On discovery model id " + Hex.bytesToStringLowercase(model));
+            // Use api to get anti spoofing key from model id.
+            try {
+                List<Account> accountList = mPairDataProvider.loadFastPairEligibleAccounts();
+                Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse response =
+                        mPairDataProvider.loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(model);
+                if (response == null) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "server does not have model id "
+                            + Hex.bytesToStringLowercase(model));
+                    return;
+                }
+                // Check the distance of the device if the distance is larger than the threshold
+                // do not show half sheet.
+                if (!isNearby(fastPairDevice.getRssi(),
+                        response.getDevice().getBleTxPower() == 0 ? fastPairDevice.getTxPower()
+                                : response.getDevice().getBleTxPower())) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                Locator.get(mContext, FastPairHalfSheetManager.class).showHalfSheet(
+                        DataUtils.toScanFastPairStoreItem(
+                                response, mBleAddress,
+                                accountList.isEmpty() ? null : accountList.get(0).name));
+            } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "OEM does not construct fast pair data proxy correctly");
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Start to process bloom filter. Yet to finish.
+            try {
+                List<Account> accountList = mPairDataProvider.loadFastPairEligibleAccounts();
+                byte[] bloomFilterByteArray = FastPairDecoder
+                        .getBloomFilter(fastPairDevice.getData());
+                byte[] bloomFilterSalt = FastPairDecoder
+                        .getBloomFilterSalt(fastPairDevice.getData());
+                if (bloomFilterByteArray == null || bloomFilterByteArray.length == 0) {
+                    return;
+                }
+            } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "OEM does not construct fast pair data proxy correctly");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks the bloom filter to see if any of the devices are recognized and should have a
+     * notification displayed for them. A device is recognized if the account key + salt combination
+     * is inside the bloom filter.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    static Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey findRecognizedDevice(
+            List<Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey> devices, BloomFilter bloomFilter, byte[] salt) {
+        Log.d(TAG, "saved devices size in the account is " + devices.size());
+        for (Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey device : devices) {
+            if (device.getAccountKey().toByteArray() == null || salt == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            byte[] rotatedKey = concat(device.getAccountKey().toByteArray(), salt);
+            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            for (byte b : rotatedKey) {
+                sb.append(b);
+            }
+            if (bloomFilter.possiblyContains(rotatedKey)) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "match " + sb.toString());
+                return device;
+            } else {
+                Log.d(TAG, "not match " + sb.toString());
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    static Cache.StoredFastPairItem findRecognizedDeviceFromCachedItem(
+            List<Cache.StoredFastPairItem> devices, BloomFilter bloomFilter, byte[] salt) {
+        for (Cache.StoredFastPairItem device : devices) {
+            if (device.getAccountKey().toByteArray() == null || salt == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            byte[] rotatedKey = concat(device.getAccountKey().toByteArray(), salt);
+            if (bloomFilter.possiblyContains(rotatedKey)) {
+                return device;
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check the device distance for certain rssi value.
+     */
+    boolean isNearby(int rssi, int txPower) {
+        return RangingUtils.distanceFromRssiAndTxPower(rssi, txPower) < NEARBY_DISTANCE_THRESHOLD;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairController.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairController.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1db7e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairController.java
@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.FastPairDevice;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.WorkerThread;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothAddress;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop.Annotations;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop.EventLoop;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop.NamedRunnable;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.DiscoveryItem;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.FastPairCacheManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FastPairUploadInfo;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.notification.FastPairNotificationManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.pairinghandler.PairingProgressHandlerBase;
+import com.android.server.nearby.provider.FastPairDataProvider;
+
+import com.google.common.hash.Hashing;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+
+/**
+ * FastPair controller after get the info from intent handler Fast Pair controller is responsible
+ * for pairing control.
+ */
+public class FastPairController {
+    private static final String TAG = "FastPairController";
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final EventLoop mEventLoop;
+    private final FastPairCacheManager mFastPairCacheManager;
+    private final FootprintsDeviceManager mFootprintsDeviceManager;
+    private boolean mIsFastPairing = false;
+    // boolean flag whether upload to footprint or not.
+    private boolean mShouldUpload = false;
+    @Nullable
+    private Callback mCallback;
+
+    public FastPairController(Context context) {
+        mContext = context;
+        mEventLoop = Locator.get(mContext, EventLoop.class);
+        mFastPairCacheManager = Locator.get(mContext, FastPairCacheManager.class);
+        mFootprintsDeviceManager = Locator.get(mContext, FootprintsDeviceManager.class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Should be called on create lifecycle.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    public void onCreate() {
+        mEventLoop.postRunnable(new NamedRunnable("FastPairController::InitializeScanner") {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                // init scanner here and start scan.
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Should be called on destroy lifecycle.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    public void onDestroy() {
+        mEventLoop.postRunnable(new NamedRunnable("FastPairController::DestroyScanner") {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                // Unregister scanner from here
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pairing function.
+     */
+    public void pair(FastPairDevice fastPairDevice) {
+        byte[] discoveryItem = fastPairDevice.getData();
+        String modelId = fastPairDevice.getModelId();
+
+        Log.v(TAG, "pair: fastPairDevice " + fastPairDevice);
+        mEventLoop.postRunnable(
+                new NamedRunnable("fastPairWith=" + modelId) {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() {
+                        try {
+                            DiscoveryItem item = new DiscoveryItem(mContext,
+                                    Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.parseFrom(discoveryItem));
+                            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(item.getMacAddress())) {
+                                Log.w(TAG, "There is no mac address in the DiscoveryItem,"
+                                        + " ignore pairing");
+                                return;
+                            }
+                            // Check enabled state to prevent multiple pair attempts if we get the
+                            // intent more than once (this can happen due to an Android platform
+                            // bug - b/31459521).
+                            if (item.getState()
+                                    != Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.STATE_ENABLED) {
+                                Log.d(TAG, "Incorrect state, ignore pairing");
+                                return;
+                            }
+                            boolean useLargeNotifications =
+                                    item.getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1() != null;
+                            FastPairNotificationManager fastPairNotificationManager =
+                                    new FastPairNotificationManager(mContext, item,
+                                            useLargeNotifications);
+                            FastPairHalfSheetManager fastPairHalfSheetManager =
+                                    Locator.get(mContext, FastPairHalfSheetManager.class);
+                            mFastPairCacheManager.saveDiscoveryItem(item);
+
+                            PairingProgressHandlerBase pairingProgressHandlerBase =
+                                    PairingProgressHandlerBase.create(
+                                            mContext,
+                                            item,
+                                            /* companionApp= */ null,
+                                            /* accountKey= */ null,
+                                            mFootprintsDeviceManager,
+                                            fastPairNotificationManager,
+                                            fastPairHalfSheetManager,
+                                            /* isRetroactivePair= */ false);
+
+                            pair(item,
+                                    /* accountKey= */ null,
+                                    /* companionApp= */ null,
+                                    pairingProgressHandlerBase);
+                        } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
+                            Log.w(TAG,
+                                    "Error parsing serialized discovery item with size "
+                                            + discoveryItem.length);
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Subsequent pairing entry.
+     */
+    public void pair(DiscoveryItem item,
+            @Nullable byte[] accountKey,
+            @Nullable String companionApp) {
+        FastPairNotificationManager fastPairNotificationManager =
+                new FastPairNotificationManager(mContext, item, false);
+        FastPairHalfSheetManager fastPairHalfSheetManager =
+                Locator.get(mContext, FastPairHalfSheetManager.class);
+        PairingProgressHandlerBase pairingProgressHandlerBase =
+                PairingProgressHandlerBase.create(
+                        mContext,
+                        item,
+                        /* companionApp= */ null,
+                        /* accountKey= */ accountKey,
+                        mFootprintsDeviceManager,
+                        fastPairNotificationManager,
+                        fastPairHalfSheetManager,
+                        /* isRetroactivePair= */ false);
+        pair(item, accountKey, companionApp, pairingProgressHandlerBase);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Pairing function
+     */
+    @Annotations.EventThread
+    public void pair(
+            DiscoveryItem item,
+            @Nullable byte[] accountKey,
+            @Nullable String companionApp,
+            PairingProgressHandlerBase pairingProgressHandlerBase) {
+        if (mIsFastPairing) {
+            Log.d(TAG, "FastPair: fastpairing, skip pair request");
+            return;
+        }
+        mIsFastPairing = true;
+        Log.d(TAG, "FastPair: start pair");
+
+        // Hide all "tap to pair" notifications until after the flow completes.
+        mEventLoop.removeRunnable(mReEnableAllDeviceItemsRunnable);
+        if (mCallback != null) {
+            mCallback.fastPairUpdateDeviceItemsEnabled(false);
+        }
+
+        Future<Void> task =
+                FastPairManager.pair(
+                        Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(),
+                        mContext,
+                        item,
+                        accountKey,
+                        companionApp,
+                        mFootprintsDeviceManager,
+                        pairingProgressHandlerBase);
+        mIsFastPairing = false;
+    }
+
+    /** Fixes a companion app package name with extra spaces. */
+    private static String trimCompanionApp(String companionApp) {
+        return companionApp == null ? null : companionApp.trim();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Function to handle when scanner find bloomfilter.
+     */
+    @Annotations.EventThread
+    public FastPairAdvHandler.ProcessBloomFilterType onBloomFilterDetect(FastPairAdvHandler handler,
+            boolean advertiseInRange) {
+        if (mIsFastPairing) {
+            return FastPairAdvHandler.ProcessBloomFilterType.IGNORE;
+        }
+        // Check if the device is in the cache or footprint.
+        return FastPairAdvHandler.ProcessBloomFilterType.CACHE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add newly paired device info to footprint
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    public void addDeviceToFootprint(String publicAddress, byte[] accountKey,
+            DiscoveryItem discoveryItem) {
+        if (!mShouldUpload) {
+            return;
+        }
+        Log.d(TAG, "upload device to footprint");
+        FastPairManager.processBackgroundTask(() -> {
+            Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem storedDiscoveryItem =
+                    prepareStoredDiscoveryItemForFootprints(discoveryItem);
+            byte[] hashValue =
+                    Hashing.sha256()
+                            .hashBytes(
+                                    concat(accountKey, BluetoothAddress.decode(publicAddress)))
+                            .asBytes();
+            FastPairUploadInfo uploadInfo =
+                    new FastPairUploadInfo(storedDiscoveryItem, ByteString.copyFrom(accountKey),
+                            ByteString.copyFrom(hashValue));
+            // account data place holder here
+            try {
+                FastPairDataProvider fastPairDataProvider = FastPairDataProvider.getInstance();
+                if (fastPairDataProvider == null) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                List<Account> accountList = fastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairEligibleAccounts();
+                if (accountList.size() > 0) {
+                    fastPairDataProvider.optIn(accountList.get(0));
+                    fastPairDataProvider.upload(accountList.get(0), uploadInfo);
+                }
+            } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "OEM does not construct fast pair data proxy correctly");
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem getStoredDiscoveryItemFromAddressForFootprints(
+            String bleAddress) {
+
+        List<DiscoveryItem> discoveryItems = new ArrayList<>();
+        //cacheManager.getAllDiscoveryItems();
+        for (DiscoveryItem discoveryItem : discoveryItems) {
+            if (bleAddress.equals(discoveryItem.getMacAddress())) {
+                return prepareStoredDiscoveryItemForFootprints(discoveryItem);
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    static Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem prepareStoredDiscoveryItemForFootprints(
+            DiscoveryItem discoveryItem) {
+        Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.Builder storedDiscoveryItem =
+                discoveryItem.getCopyOfStoredItem().toBuilder();
+        // Strip the mac address so we aren't storing it in the cloud and ensure the item always
+        // starts as enabled and in a good state.
+        storedDiscoveryItem.clearMacAddress();
+
+        return storedDiscoveryItem.build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * FastPairConnection will check whether write account key result if the account key is
+     * generated change the parameter.
+     */
+    public void setShouldUpload(boolean shouldUpload) {
+        mShouldUpload = shouldUpload;
+    }
+
+    private final NamedRunnable mReEnableAllDeviceItemsRunnable =
+            new NamedRunnable("reEnableAllDeviceItems") {
+                @Override
+                public void run() {
+                    if (mCallback != null) {
+                        mCallback.fastPairUpdateDeviceItemsEnabled(true);
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+
+    interface Callback {
+        void fastPairUpdateDeviceItemsEnabled(boolean enabled);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairManager.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3de4e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,464 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.TAG;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.WorkerThread;
+import android.app.KeyguardManager;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.ContentResolver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.database.ContentObserver;
+import android.nearby.FastPairDevice;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice;
+import android.nearby.NearbyManager;
+import android.nearby.ScanCallback;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+import android.net.Uri;
+import android.provider.Settings;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.decode.FastPairDecoder;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairDualConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.PairingException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Preferences;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.ReflectionException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.SimpleBroadcastReceiver;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop.Annotations;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop.EventLoop;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop.NamedRunnable;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.DiscoveryItem;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.FastPairCacheManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.pairinghandler.PairingProgressHandlerBase;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.ForegroundThread;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.Hex;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+
+/**
+ * FastPairManager is the class initiated in nearby service to handle Fast Pair related
+ * work.
+ */
+
+public class FastPairManager {
+
+    private static final String ACTION_PREFIX = UserActionHandler.PREFIX;
+    private static final int WAIT_FOR_UNLOCK_MILLIS = 5000;
+
+    /** A notification ID which should be dismissed */
+    public static final String EXTRA_NOTIFICATION_ID = ACTION_PREFIX + "EXTRA_NOTIFICATION_ID";
+    public static final String ACTION_RESOURCES_APK = "android.nearby.SHOW_HALFSHEET";
+
+    private static Executor sFastPairExecutor;
+
+    private ContentObserver mFastPairScanChangeContentObserver = null;
+
+    final LocatorContextWrapper mLocatorContextWrapper;
+    final IntentFilter mIntentFilter;
+    final Locator mLocator;
+    private boolean mScanEnabled;
+
+    private final BroadcastReceiver mScreenBroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
+        @Override
+        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+            if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON)
+                    || intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED)) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "onReceive: ACTION_SCREEN_ON or boot complete.");
+                invalidateScan();
+            } else if (intent.getAction().equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED)) {
+                processBluetoothConnectionEvent(intent);
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    public FastPairManager(LocatorContextWrapper contextWrapper) {
+        mLocatorContextWrapper = contextWrapper;
+        mIntentFilter = new IntentFilter();
+        mLocator = mLocatorContextWrapper.getLocator();
+        mLocator.bind(new FastPairModule());
+        Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse getObservedDeviceResponse =
+                Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse.newBuilder().build();
+    }
+
+    final ScanCallback mScanCallback = new ScanCallback() {
+        @Override
+        public void onDiscovered(@NonNull NearbyDevice device) {
+            Locator.get(mLocatorContextWrapper, FastPairAdvHandler.class).handleBroadcast(device);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onUpdated(@NonNull NearbyDevice device) {
+            FastPairDevice fastPairDevice = (FastPairDevice) device;
+            byte[] modelArray = FastPairDecoder.getModelId(fastPairDevice.getData());
+            Log.d(TAG, "update model id" + Hex.bytesToStringLowercase(modelArray));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onLost(@NonNull NearbyDevice device) {
+            FastPairDevice fastPairDevice = (FastPairDevice) device;
+            byte[] modelArray = FastPairDecoder.getModelId(fastPairDevice.getData());
+            Log.d(TAG, "lost model id" + Hex.bytesToStringLowercase(modelArray));
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Function called when nearby service start.
+     */
+    public void initiate() {
+        mIntentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON);
+        mIntentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
+        mIntentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
+        mIntentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED);
+
+        mLocatorContextWrapper.getContext()
+                .registerReceiver(mScreenBroadcastReceiver, mIntentFilter);
+
+        Locator.getFromContextWrapper(mLocatorContextWrapper, FastPairCacheManager.class);
+        // Default false for now.
+        mScanEnabled = NearbyManager.getFastPairScanEnabled(mLocatorContextWrapper.getContext());
+        registerFastPairScanChangeContentObserver(mLocatorContextWrapper.getContentResolver());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Function to free up fast pair resource.
+     */
+    public void cleanUp() {
+        mLocatorContextWrapper.getContext().unregisterReceiver(mScreenBroadcastReceiver);
+        if (mFastPairScanChangeContentObserver != null) {
+            mLocatorContextWrapper.getContentResolver().unregisterContentObserver(
+                    mFastPairScanChangeContentObserver);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts fast pair process.
+     */
+    @Annotations.EventThread
+    public static Future<Void> pair(
+            ExecutorService executor,
+            Context context,
+            DiscoveryItem item,
+            @Nullable byte[] accountKey,
+            @Nullable String companionApp,
+            FootprintsDeviceManager footprints,
+            PairingProgressHandlerBase pairingProgressHandlerBase) {
+        return executor.submit(
+                () -> pairInternal(context, item, companionApp, accountKey, footprints,
+                        pairingProgressHandlerBase), /* result= */ null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts fast pair
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    public static void pairInternal(
+            Context context,
+            DiscoveryItem item,
+            @Nullable String companionApp,
+            @Nullable byte[] accountKey,
+            FootprintsDeviceManager footprints,
+            PairingProgressHandlerBase pairingProgressHandlerBase) {
+        FastPairHalfSheetManager fastPairHalfSheetManager =
+                Locator.get(context, FastPairHalfSheetManager.class);
+        try {
+            pairingProgressHandlerBase.onPairingStarted();
+            if (pairingProgressHandlerBase.skipWaitingScreenUnlock()) {
+                // Do nothing due to we are not showing the status notification in some pairing
+                // types, e.g. the retroactive pairing.
+            } else {
+                // If the screen is locked when the user taps to pair, the screen will unlock. We
+                // must wait for the unlock to complete before showing the status notification, or
+                // it won't be heads-up.
+                pairingProgressHandlerBase.onWaitForScreenUnlock();
+                waitUntilScreenIsUnlocked(context);
+                pairingProgressHandlerBase.onScreenUnlocked();
+            }
+            BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = getBluetoothAdapter(context);
+
+            boolean isBluetoothEnabled = bluetoothAdapter != null && bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled();
+            if (!isBluetoothEnabled) {
+                if (bluetoothAdapter == null || !bluetoothAdapter.enable()) {
+                    Log.d(TAG, "FastPair: Failed to enable bluetooth");
+                    return;
+                }
+                Log.v(TAG, "FastPair: Enabling bluetooth for fast pair");
+
+                Locator.get(context, EventLoop.class)
+                        .postRunnable(
+                                new NamedRunnable("enableBluetoothToast") {
+                                    @Override
+                                    public void run() {
+                                        Log.d(TAG, "Enable bluetooth toast test");
+                                    }
+                                });
+                // Set up call back to call this function again once bluetooth has been
+                // enabled; this does not seem to be a problem as the device connects without a
+                // problem, but in theory the timeout also includes turning on bluetooth now.
+            }
+
+            pairingProgressHandlerBase.onReadyToPair();
+
+            String modelId = item.getTriggerId();
+            Preferences.Builder prefsBuilder =
+                    Preferences.builder()
+                            .setEnableBrEdrHandover(false)
+                            .setIgnoreDiscoveryError(true);
+            pairingProgressHandlerBase.onSetupPreferencesBuilder(prefsBuilder);
+            if (item.getFastPairInformation() != null) {
+                prefsBuilder.setSkipConnectingProfiles(
+                        item.getFastPairInformation().getDataOnlyConnection());
+            }
+            // When add watch and auto device needs to change the config
+            prefsBuilder.setRejectMessageAccess(true);
+            prefsBuilder.setRejectPhonebookAccess(true);
+            prefsBuilder.setHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi(false);
+
+            FastPairConnection connection = new FastPairDualConnection(
+                    context, item.getMacAddress(),
+                    prefsBuilder.build(),
+                    null);
+            pairingProgressHandlerBase.onPairingSetupCompleted();
+
+            FastPairConnection.SharedSecret sharedSecret;
+            if ((accountKey != null || item.getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1() != null)) {
+                sharedSecret =
+                        connection.pair(
+                                accountKey != null ? accountKey
+                                        : item.getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1());
+                if (accountKey == null) {
+                    // Account key is null so it is initial pairing
+                    if (sharedSecret != null) {
+                        Locator.get(context, FastPairController.class).addDeviceToFootprint(
+                                connection.getPublicAddress(), sharedSecret.getKey(), item);
+                        cacheFastPairDevice(context, connection.getPublicAddress(),
+                                sharedSecret.getKey(), item);
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                // Fast Pair one
+                connection.pair();
+            }
+            // TODO(b/213373051): Merge logic with pairingProgressHandlerBase or delete the
+            // pairingProgressHandlerBase class.
+            fastPairHalfSheetManager.showPairingSuccessHalfSheet(connection.getPublicAddress());
+            pairingProgressHandlerBase.onPairingSuccess(connection.getPublicAddress());
+        } catch (BluetoothException
+                | InterruptedException
+                | ReflectionException
+                | TimeoutException
+                | ExecutionException
+                | PairingException
+                | GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to pair.", e);
+
+            // TODO(b/213373051): Merge logic with pairingProgressHandlerBase or delete the
+            // pairingProgressHandlerBase class.
+            fastPairHalfSheetManager.showPairingFailed();
+            pairingProgressHandlerBase.onPairingFailed(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void cacheFastPairDevice(Context context, String publicAddress, byte[] key,
+            DiscoveryItem item) {
+        try {
+            Locator.get(context, EventLoop.class).postAndWait(
+                    new NamedRunnable("FastPairCacheDevice") {
+                        @Override
+                        public void run() {
+                            Cache.StoredFastPairItem storedFastPairItem =
+                                    Cache.StoredFastPairItem.newBuilder()
+                                            .setMacAddress(publicAddress)
+                                            .setAccountKey(ByteString.copyFrom(key))
+                                            .setModelId(item.getTriggerId())
+                                            .addAllFeatures(item.getFastPairInformation() == null
+                                                    ? ImmutableList.of() :
+                                                    item.getFastPairInformation().getFeaturesList())
+                                            .setDiscoveryItem(item.getCopyOfStoredItem())
+                                            .build();
+                            Locator.get(context, FastPairCacheManager.class)
+                                    .putStoredFastPairItem(storedFastPairItem);
+                        }
+                    }
+            );
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Fail to insert paired device into cache");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Checks if the pairing is initial pairing with fast pair 2.0 design. */
+    public static boolean isThroughFastPair2InitialPairing(
+            DiscoveryItem item, @Nullable byte[] accountKey) {
+        return accountKey == null && item.getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1() != null;
+    }
+
+    private static void waitUntilScreenIsUnlocked(Context context)
+            throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
+        KeyguardManager keyguardManager = context.getSystemService(KeyguardManager.class);
+
+        // KeyguardManager's isScreenLocked() counterintuitively returns false when the lock screen
+        // is showing if the user has set "swipe to unlock" (i.e. no required password, PIN, or
+        // pattern) So we use this method instead, which returns true when on the lock screen
+        // regardless.
+        if (keyguardManager.isKeyguardLocked()) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "FastPair: Screen is locked, waiting until unlocked "
+                    + "to show status notifications.");
+            try (SimpleBroadcastReceiver isUnlockedReceiver =
+                         SimpleBroadcastReceiver.oneShotReceiver(
+                                 context, FlagUtils.getPreferencesBuilder().build(),
+                                 Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT)) {
+                isUnlockedReceiver.await(WAIT_FOR_UNLOCK_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void registerFastPairScanChangeContentObserver(ContentResolver resolver) {
+        mFastPairScanChangeContentObserver = new ContentObserver(ForegroundThread.getHandler()) {
+            @Override
+            public void onChange(boolean selfChange, Uri uri) {
+                super.onChange(selfChange, uri);
+                setScanEnabled(
+                        NearbyManager.getFastPairScanEnabled(mLocatorContextWrapper.getContext()));
+            }
+        };
+        try {
+            resolver.registerContentObserver(
+                    Settings.Secure.getUriFor(NearbyManager.FAST_PAIR_SCAN_ENABLED),
+                    /* notifyForDescendants= */ false,
+                    mFastPairScanChangeContentObserver);
+        } catch (SecurityException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to register content observer for fast pair scan.", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Processed task in a background thread
+     */
+    @Annotations.EventThread
+    public static void processBackgroundTask(Runnable runnable) {
+        getExecutor().execute(runnable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This function should only be called on main thread since there is no lock
+     */
+    private static Executor getExecutor() {
+        if (sFastPairExecutor != null) {
+            return sFastPairExecutor;
+        }
+        sFastPairExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+        return sFastPairExecutor;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Null when the Nearby Service is not available.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    private NearbyManager getNearbyManager() {
+        return (NearbyManager) mLocatorContextWrapper
+                .getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE);
+    }
+    private void setScanEnabled(boolean scanEnabled) {
+        if (mScanEnabled == scanEnabled) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mScanEnabled = scanEnabled;
+        invalidateScan();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts or stops scanning according to mAllowScan value.
+     */
+    private void invalidateScan() {
+        NearbyManager nearbyManager = getNearbyManager();
+        if (nearbyManager == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "invalidateScan: "
+                    + "failed to start or stop scannning because NearbyManager is null.");
+            return;
+        }
+        if (mScanEnabled) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "invalidateScan: scan is enabled");
+            nearbyManager.startScan(new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                            .setScanType(ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR).build(),
+                    ForegroundThread.getExecutor(),
+                    mScanCallback);
+        } else {
+            Log.v(TAG, "invalidateScan: scan is disabled");
+            nearbyManager.stopScan(mScanCallback);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * When certain device is forgotten we need to remove the info from database because the info
+     * is no longer useful.
+     */
+    private void processBluetoothConnectionEvent(Intent intent) {
+        int bondState = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE,
+                BluetoothDevice.ERROR);
+        if (bondState == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {
+            BluetoothDevice device =
+                    intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
+            if (device != null) {
+                Log.d("FastPairService", "Forget device detect");
+                processBackgroundTask(new Runnable() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() {
+                        mLocatorContextWrapper.getLocator().get(FastPairCacheManager.class)
+                                .removeStoredFastPairItem(device.getAddress());
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper function to get bluetooth adapter.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static BluetoothAdapter getBluetoothAdapter(Context context) {
+        BluetoothManager manager = context.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class);
+        return manager == null ? null : manager.getAdapter();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairModule.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairModule.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7946d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairModule.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop.EventLoop;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Module;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.FastPairCacheManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+
+import java.time.Clock;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.ZoneId;
+
+/**
+ * Module that associates all of the fast pair related singleton class
+ */
+public class FastPairModule extends Module {
+    /**
+     * Initiate the class that needs to be singleton.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void configure(Context context, Class<?> type, Locator locator) {
+        if (type.equals(FastPairCacheManager.class)) {
+            locator.bind(FastPairCacheManager.class, new FastPairCacheManager(context));
+        } else if (type.equals(FootprintsDeviceManager.class)) {
+            locator.bind(FootprintsDeviceManager.class, new FootprintsDeviceManager());
+        } else if (type.equals(EventLoop.class)) {
+            locator.bind(EventLoop.class, EventLoop.newInstance("NearbyFastPair"));
+        } else if (type.equals(FastPairController.class)) {
+            locator.bind(FastPairController.class, new FastPairController(context));
+        } else if (type.equals(FastPairCacheManager.class)) {
+            locator.bind(FastPairCacheManager.class, new FastPairCacheManager(context));
+        } else if (type.equals(FastPairHalfSheetManager.class)) {
+            locator.bind(FastPairHalfSheetManager.class, new FastPairHalfSheetManager(context));
+        } else if (type.equals(FastPairAdvHandler.class)) {
+            locator.bind(FastPairAdvHandler.class, new FastPairAdvHandler(context));
+        } else if (type.equals(Clock.class)) {
+            locator.bind(Clock.class, new Clock() {
+                @Override
+                public ZoneId getZone() {
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public Clock withZone(ZoneId zone) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public Instant instant() {
+                    return null;
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clean up the singleton classes.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void destroy(Context context, Class<?> type, Object instance) {
+        super.destroy(context, type, instance);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FlagUtils.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FlagUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..883a1f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FlagUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair;
+
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Preferences;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+
+/**
+ * This is fast pair connection preference
+ */
+public class FlagUtils {
+    private static final int GATT_OPERATION_TIME_OUT_SECOND = 10;
+    private static final int GATT_CONNECTION_TIME_OUT_SECOND = 15;
+    private static final int BLUETOOTH_TOGGLE_TIME_OUT_SECOND = 10;
+    private static final int BLUETOOTH_TOGGLE_SLEEP_TIME_OUT_SECOND = 2;
+    private static final int CLASSIC_DISCOVERY_TIME_OUT_SECOND = 13;
+    private static final int NUM_DISCOVER_ATTEMPTS = 3;
+    private static final int DISCOVERY_RETRY_SLEEP_SECONDS = 1;
+    private static final int SDP_TIME_OUT_SECONDS = 10;
+    private static final int NUM_SDP_ATTEMPTS = 0;
+    private static final int NUM_CREATED_BOND_ATTEMPTS = 3;
+    private static final int NUM_CONNECT_ATTEMPT = 2;
+    private static final int NUM_WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_ATTEMPT = 3;
+    private static final boolean TOGGLE_BLUETOOTH_ON_FAILURE = false;
+    private static final boolean BLUETOOTH_STATE_POOLING = true;
+    private static final int BLUETOOTH_STATE_POOLING_MILLIS = 1000;
+    private static final int NUM_ATTEMPTS = 2;
+    private static final short BREDR_HANDOVER_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC_ID = 11265; // 0x2c01
+    private static final short BLUETOOTH_SIG_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC_ID = 11266; // 0x2c02
+    private static final short TRANSPORT_BLOCK_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC_ID = 11267; // 0x2c03
+    private static final boolean WAIT_FOR_UUID_AFTER_BONDING = true;
+    private static final boolean RECEIVE_UUID_AND_BONDED_EVENT_BEFORE_CLOSE = true;
+    private static final int REMOVE_BOND_TIME_OUT_SECONDS = 5;
+    private static final int REMOVE_BOND_SLEEP_MILLIS = 1000;
+    private static final int CREATE_BOND_TIME_OUT_SECONDS = 15;
+    private static final int HIDE_CREATED_BOND_TIME_OUT_SECONDS = 40;
+    private static final int PROXY_TIME_OUT_SECONDS = 2;
+    private static final boolean REJECT_ACCESS = false;
+    private static final boolean ACCEPT_PASSKEY = true;
+    private static final int WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_SLEEP_MILLIS = 2000;
+    private static final boolean PROVIDER_INITIATE_BONDING = false;
+    private static final boolean SPECIFY_CREATE_BOND_TRANSPORT_TYPE = false;
+    private static final int CREATE_BOND_TRANSPORT_TYPE = 0;
+    private static final boolean KEEP_SAME_ACCOUNT_KEY_WRITE = true;
+    private static final boolean ENABLE_NAMING_CHARACTERISTIC = true;
+    private static final boolean CHECK_FIRMWARE_VERSION = true;
+    private static final int SDP_ATTEMPTS_AFTER_BONDED = 1;
+    private static final boolean SUPPORT_HID = false;
+    private static final boolean ENABLE_PAIRING_WHILE_DIRECTLY_CONNECTING = true;
+    private static final boolean ACCEPT_CONSENT_FOR_FP_ONE = true;
+    private static final int GATT_CONNECT_RETRY_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 18000;
+    private static final boolean ENABLE_128BIT_CUSTOM_GATT_CHARACTERISTIC = true;
+    private static final boolean ENABLE_SEND_EXCEPTION_STEP_TO_VALIDATOR = true;
+    private static final boolean ENABLE_ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_WHEN_ACTION_OVER_BLE = true;
+    private static final boolean CHECK_BOND_STATE_WHEN_SKIP_CONNECTING_PROFILE = true;
+    private static final boolean MORE_LOG_FOR_QUALITY = true;
+    private static final boolean RETRY_GATT_CONNECTION_AND_SECRET_HANDSHAKE = true;
+    private static final int GATT_CONNECT_SHORT_TIMEOUT_MS = 7000;
+    private static final int GATT_CONNECTION_LONG_TIME_OUT_MS = 15000;
+    private static final int GATT_CONNECT_SHORT_TIMEOUT_RETRY_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS = 1000;
+    private static final int ADDRESS_ROTATE_RETRY_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS = 15000;
+    private static final int PAIRING_RETRY_DELAY_MS = 100;
+    private static final int HANDSHAKE_SHORT_TIMEOUT_MS = 3000;
+    private static final int HANDSHAKE_LONG_TIMEOUT_MS = 1000;
+    private static final int SECRET_HANDSHAKE_SHORT_TIMEOUT_RETRY_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS = 5000;
+    private static final int SECRET_HANDSHAKE_LONG_TIMEOUT_RETRY_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS = 7000;
+    private static final int SECRET_HANDSHAKE_RETRY_ATTEMPTS = 3;
+    private static final int SECRET_HANDSHAKE_RETRY_GATT_CONNECTION_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS = 15000;
+    private static final int SIGNAL_LOST_RETRY_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS = 15000;
+    private static final boolean RETRY_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT = false;
+    private static final boolean LOG_USER_MANUAL_RETRY = true;
+    private static final boolean ENABLE_PAIR_FLOW_SHOW_UI_WITHOUT_PROFILE_CONNECTION = false;
+    private static final boolean LOG_USER_MANUAL_CITY = true;
+    private static final boolean LOG_PAIR_WITH_CACHED_MODEL_ID = true;
+    private static final boolean DIRECT_CONNECT_PROFILE_IF_MODEL_ID_IN_CACHE = false;
+
+    public static Preferences.Builder getPreferencesBuilder() {
+        return Preferences.builder()
+                .setGattOperationTimeoutSeconds(GATT_OPERATION_TIME_OUT_SECOND)
+                .setGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds(GATT_CONNECTION_TIME_OUT_SECOND)
+                .setBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds(BLUETOOTH_TOGGLE_TIME_OUT_SECOND)
+                .setBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds(BLUETOOTH_TOGGLE_SLEEP_TIME_OUT_SECOND)
+                .setClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds(CLASSIC_DISCOVERY_TIME_OUT_SECOND)
+                .setNumDiscoverAttempts(NUM_DISCOVER_ATTEMPTS)
+                .setDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds(DISCOVERY_RETRY_SLEEP_SECONDS)
+                .setSdpTimeoutSeconds(SDP_TIME_OUT_SECONDS)
+                .setNumSdpAttempts(NUM_SDP_ATTEMPTS)
+                .setNumCreateBondAttempts(NUM_CREATED_BOND_ATTEMPTS)
+                .setNumConnectAttempts(NUM_CONNECT_ATTEMPT)
+                .setNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts(NUM_WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_ATTEMPT)
+                .setToggleBluetoothOnFailure(TOGGLE_BLUETOOTH_ON_FAILURE)
+                .setBluetoothStateUsesPolling(BLUETOOTH_STATE_POOLING)
+                .setBluetoothStatePollingMillis(BLUETOOTH_STATE_POOLING_MILLIS)
+                .setNumAttempts(NUM_ATTEMPTS)
+                .setBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId(BREDR_HANDOVER_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC_ID)
+                .setBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId(BLUETOOTH_SIG_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC_ID)
+                .setBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId(TRANSPORT_BLOCK_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC_ID)
+                .setWaitForUuidsAfterBonding(WAIT_FOR_UUID_AFTER_BONDING)
+                .setReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose(
+                        RECEIVE_UUID_AND_BONDED_EVENT_BEFORE_CLOSE)
+                .setRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds(REMOVE_BOND_TIME_OUT_SECONDS)
+                .setRemoveBondSleepMillis(REMOVE_BOND_SLEEP_MILLIS)
+                .setCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(CREATE_BOND_TIME_OUT_SECONDS)
+                .setHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(HIDE_CREATED_BOND_TIME_OUT_SECONDS)
+                .setProxyTimeoutSeconds(PROXY_TIME_OUT_SECONDS)
+                .setRejectPhonebookAccess(REJECT_ACCESS)
+                .setRejectMessageAccess(REJECT_ACCESS)
+                .setRejectSimAccess(REJECT_ACCESS)
+                .setAcceptPasskey(ACCEPT_PASSKEY)
+                .setWriteAccountKeySleepMillis(WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_SLEEP_MILLIS)
+                .setProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported(PROVIDER_INITIATE_BONDING)
+                .setAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded(true)
+                .setAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded(true)
+                .setSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey(true)
+                .setIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded(true)
+                .setSpecifyCreateBondTransportType(SPECIFY_CREATE_BOND_TRANSPORT_TYPE)
+                .setCreateBondTransportType(CREATE_BOND_TRANSPORT_TYPE)
+                .setIncreaseIntentFilterPriority(true)
+                .setEvaluatePerformance(false)
+                .setKeepSameAccountKeyWrite(KEEP_SAME_ACCOUNT_KEY_WRITE)
+                .setEnableNamingCharacteristic(ENABLE_NAMING_CHARACTERISTIC)
+                .setEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic(CHECK_FIRMWARE_VERSION)
+                .setNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded(SDP_ATTEMPTS_AFTER_BONDED)
+                .setSupportHidDevice(SUPPORT_HID)
+                .setEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting(
+                        ENABLE_PAIRING_WHILE_DIRECTLY_CONNECTING)
+                .setAcceptConsentForFastPairOne(ACCEPT_CONSENT_FOR_FP_ONE)
+                .setGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis(GATT_CONNECT_RETRY_TIMEOUT_MILLIS)
+                .setEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId(
+                        ENABLE_128BIT_CUSTOM_GATT_CHARACTERISTIC)
+                .setEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator(ENABLE_SEND_EXCEPTION_STEP_TO_VALIDATOR)
+                .setEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle(
+                        ENABLE_ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_WHEN_ACTION_OVER_BLE)
+                .setCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles(
+                        CHECK_BOND_STATE_WHEN_SKIP_CONNECTING_PROFILE)
+                .setMoreEventLogForQuality(MORE_LOG_FOR_QUALITY)
+                .setRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake(
+                        RETRY_GATT_CONNECTION_AND_SECRET_HANDSHAKE)
+                .setGattConnectShortTimeoutMs(GATT_CONNECT_SHORT_TIMEOUT_MS)
+                .setGattConnectLongTimeoutMs(GATT_CONNECTION_LONG_TIME_OUT_MS)
+                .setGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(
+                        GATT_CONNECT_SHORT_TIMEOUT_RETRY_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS)
+                .setAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(ADDRESS_ROTATE_RETRY_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS)
+                .setPairingRetryDelayMs(PAIRING_RETRY_DELAY_MS)
+                .setSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs(HANDSHAKE_SHORT_TIMEOUT_MS)
+                .setSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs(HANDSHAKE_LONG_TIMEOUT_MS)
+                .setSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(
+                        SECRET_HANDSHAKE_SHORT_TIMEOUT_RETRY_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS)
+                .setSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(
+                        SECRET_HANDSHAKE_LONG_TIMEOUT_RETRY_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS)
+                .setSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts(SECRET_HANDSHAKE_RETRY_ATTEMPTS)
+                .setSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs(
+                        SECRET_HANDSHAKE_RETRY_GATT_CONNECTION_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS)
+                .setSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(SIGNAL_LOST_RETRY_MAX_SPENT_TIME_MS)
+                .setGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError(
+                        getGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError())
+                .setRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout(RETRY_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT)
+                .setLogUserManualRetry(LOG_USER_MANUAL_RETRY)
+                .setEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection(
+                        ENABLE_PAIR_FLOW_SHOW_UI_WITHOUT_PROFILE_CONNECTION)
+                .setLogUserManualRetry(LOG_USER_MANUAL_CITY)
+                .setLogPairWithCachedModelId(LOG_PAIR_WITH_CACHED_MODEL_ID)
+                .setDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache(
+                        DIRECT_CONNECT_PROFILE_IF_MODEL_ID_IN_CACHE);
+    }
+
+    private static ImmutableSet<Integer> getGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError() {
+        ImmutableSet.Builder<Integer> noRetryGattErrorsBuilder = ImmutableSet.builder();
+        // When GATT connection fail we will not retry on error code 257
+        for (String errorCode :
+                Splitter.on(",").split("257,")) {
+            if (!TextUtils.isDigitsOnly(errorCode)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            try {
+                noRetryGattErrorsBuilder.add(Integer.parseInt(errorCode));
+            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                // Ignore
+            }
+        }
+        return noRetryGattErrorsBuilder.build();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/UserActionHandler.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/UserActionHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..674633d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/UserActionHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.fastpair.service.UserActionHandlerBase;
+
+/**
+ * User action handler class.
+ */
+public class UserActionHandler extends UserActionHandlerBase {
+
+    public static final String EXTRA_DISCOVERY_ITEM = PREFIX + "EXTRA_DISCOVERY_ITEM";
+    public static final String EXTRA_FAST_PAIR_SECRET = PREFIX + "EXTRA_FAST_PAIR_SECRET";
+    public static final String ACTION_FAST_PAIR = ACTION_PREFIX + "ACTION_FAST_PAIR";
+    public static final String EXTRA_PRIVATE_BLE_ADDRESS =
+            ACTION_PREFIX + "EXTRA_PRIVATE_BLE_ADDRESS";
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/DiscoveryItem.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/DiscoveryItem.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ce4488
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/DiscoveryItem.java
@@ -0,0 +1,463 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.UserActionHandler.EXTRA_FAST_PAIR_SECRET;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.graphics.Bitmap;
+import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.util.RangingUtils;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.fastpair.IconUtils;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.net.URISyntaxException;
+import java.time.Clock;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper class around StoredDiscoveryItem. A centralized place for methods related to
+ * updating/parsing StoredDiscoveryItem.
+ */
+public class DiscoveryItem implements Comparable<DiscoveryItem> {
+
+    private static final String ACTION_FAST_PAIR =
+            "com.android.server.nearby:ACTION_FAST_PAIR";
+    private static final int BEACON_STALENESS_MILLIS = 120000;
+    private static final int ITEM_EXPIRATION_MILLIS = 20000;
+    private static final int APP_INSTALL_EXPIRATION_MILLIS = 600000;
+    private static final int ITEM_DELETABLE_MILLIS = 15000;
+
+    private final FastPairCacheManager mFastPairCacheManager;
+    private final Clock mClock;
+
+    private Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem mStoredDiscoveryItem;
+
+    /** IntDef for StoredDiscoveryItem.State */
+    @IntDef({
+            Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.STATE_ENABLED_VALUE,
+            Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.STATE_MUTED_VALUE,
+            Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.STATE_DISABLED_BY_SYSTEM_VALUE
+    })
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    public @interface ItemState {
+    }
+
+    public DiscoveryItem(LocatorContextWrapper locatorContextWrapper,
+            Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem mStoredDiscoveryItem) {
+        this.mFastPairCacheManager =
+                locatorContextWrapper.getLocator().get(FastPairCacheManager.class);
+        this.mClock =
+                locatorContextWrapper.getLocator().get(Clock.class);
+        this.mStoredDiscoveryItem = mStoredDiscoveryItem;
+    }
+
+    public DiscoveryItem(Context context, Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem mStoredDiscoveryItem) {
+        this.mFastPairCacheManager = Locator.get(context, FastPairCacheManager.class);
+        this.mClock = Locator.get(context, Clock.class);
+        this.mStoredDiscoveryItem = mStoredDiscoveryItem;
+    }
+
+    /** @return A new StoredDiscoveryItem with state fields set to their defaults. */
+    public static Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem newStoredDiscoveryItem() {
+        Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.Builder storedDiscoveryItem =
+                Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.newBuilder();
+        storedDiscoveryItem.setState(Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.STATE_ENABLED);
+        return storedDiscoveryItem.build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if store discovery item support fast pair or not.
+     */
+    public boolean isFastPair() {
+        Intent intent = parseIntentScheme(mStoredDiscoveryItem.getActionUrl());
+        if (intent == null) {
+            Log.w("FastPairDiscovery", "FastPair: fail to parse action url"
+                    + mStoredDiscoveryItem.getActionUrl());
+            return false;
+        }
+        return ACTION_FAST_PAIR.equals(intent.getAction());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the item is expired. Expired items are those over getItemExpirationMillis() eg. 2
+     * minutes
+     */
+    public static boolean isExpired(
+            long currentTimestampMillis, @Nullable Long lastObservationTimestampMillis) {
+        if (lastObservationTimestampMillis == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return (currentTimestampMillis - lastObservationTimestampMillis)
+                >= ITEM_EXPIRATION_MILLIS;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the item is deletable for saving disk space. Deletable items are those over
+     * getItemDeletableMillis eg. over 25 hrs.
+     */
+    public static boolean isDeletable(
+            long currentTimestampMillis, @Nullable Long lastObservationTimestampMillis) {
+        if (lastObservationTimestampMillis == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return currentTimestampMillis - lastObservationTimestampMillis
+                >= ITEM_DELETABLE_MILLIS;
+    }
+
+    /** Checks if the item has a pending app install */
+    public boolean isPendingAppInstallValid() {
+        return isPendingAppInstallValid(mClock.millis());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if pending app valid.
+     */
+    public boolean isPendingAppInstallValid(long appInstallMillis) {
+        return isPendingAppInstallValid(appInstallMillis, mStoredDiscoveryItem);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the app install time expired.
+     */
+    public static boolean isPendingAppInstallValid(
+            long currentMillis, Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem storedItem) {
+        return currentMillis - storedItem.getPendingAppInstallTimestampMillis()
+                < APP_INSTALL_EXPIRATION_MILLIS;
+    }
+
+
+    /** Checks if the item has enough data to be shown */
+    public boolean isReadyForDisplay() {
+        boolean hasUrlOrPopularApp = !mStoredDiscoveryItem.getActionUrl().isEmpty();
+
+        return !TextUtils.isEmpty(mStoredDiscoveryItem.getTitle()) && hasUrlOrPopularApp;
+    }
+
+    /** Checks if the action url is app install */
+    public boolean isApp() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getActionUrlType() == Cache.ResolvedUrlType.APP;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns true if an item is muted, or if state is unavailable. */
+    public boolean isMuted() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getState() != Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.STATE_ENABLED;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the state of store discovery item.
+     */
+    public Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State getState() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getState();
+    }
+
+    /** Checks if it's device item. e.g. Chromecast / Wear */
+    public static boolean isDeviceType(Cache.NearbyType type) {
+        return type == Cache.NearbyType.NEARBY_CHROMECAST
+                || type == Cache.NearbyType.NEARBY_WEAR
+                || type == Cache.NearbyType.NEARBY_DEVICE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if the type is supported.
+     */
+    public static boolean isTypeEnabled(Cache.NearbyType type) {
+        switch (type) {
+            case NEARBY_WEAR:
+            case NEARBY_CHROMECAST:
+            case NEARBY_DEVICE:
+                return true;
+            default:
+                Log.e("FastPairDiscoveryItem", "Invalid item type " + type.name());
+                return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Gets hash code of UI related data so we can collapse identical items. */
+    public int getUiHashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(
+                        mStoredDiscoveryItem.getTitle(),
+                        mStoredDiscoveryItem.getDescription(),
+                        mStoredDiscoveryItem.getAppName(),
+                        mStoredDiscoveryItem.getDisplayUrl(),
+                        mStoredDiscoveryItem.getMacAddress());
+    }
+
+    // Getters below
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the id of store discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getId() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getId();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the title of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getTitle() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getTitle();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the description of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getDescription() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getDescription();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the mac address of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getMacAddress() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getMacAddress();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the display url of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getDisplayUrl() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getDisplayUrl();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the public key of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1().toByteArray();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the pairing secret.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getFastPairSecretKey() {
+        Intent intent = parseIntentScheme(mStoredDiscoveryItem.getActionUrl());
+        if (intent == null) {
+            Log.d("FastPairDiscoveryItem", "FastPair: fail to parse action url "
+                    + mStoredDiscoveryItem.getActionUrl());
+            return null;
+        }
+        return intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_FAST_PAIR_SECRET);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the fast pair info of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Cache.FastPairInformation getFastPairInformation() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.hasFastPairInformation()
+                ? mStoredDiscoveryItem.getFastPairInformation() : null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the app name of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected String getAppName() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getAppName();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the package name of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getAppPackageName() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getPackageName();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the action url of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getActionUrl() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getActionUrl();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the rssi value of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Integer getRssi() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getRssi();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the TX power of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Integer getTxPower() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getTxPower();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the first observed time stamp of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Long getFirstObservationTimestampMillis() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getFirstObservationTimestampMillis();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the last observed time stamp of discovery item.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Long getLastObservationTimestampMillis() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getLastObservationTimestampMillis();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculates an estimated distance for the item, computed from the TX power (at 1m) and RSSI.
+     *
+     * @return estimated distance, or null if there is no RSSI or no TX power.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Double getEstimatedDistance() {
+        // In the future, we may want to do a foreground subscription to leverage onDistanceChanged.
+        return RangingUtils.distanceFromRssiAndTxPower(mStoredDiscoveryItem.getRssi(),
+                mStoredDiscoveryItem.getTxPower());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets icon Bitmap from icon store.
+     *
+     * @return null if no icon or icon size is incorrect.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Bitmap getIcon() {
+        Bitmap icon =
+                BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(
+                        mStoredDiscoveryItem.getIconPng().toByteArray(),
+                        0 /* offset */, mStoredDiscoveryItem.getIconPng().size());
+        if (IconUtils.isIconSizeCorrect(icon)) {
+            return icon;
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Gets a FIFE URL of the icon. */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getIconFifeUrl() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getIconFifeUrl();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compares this object to the specified object: 1. By device type. Device setups are 'greater
+     * than' beacons. 2. By relevance. More relevant items are 'greater than' less relevant items.
+     * 3.By distance. Nearer items are 'greater than' further items.
+     *
+     * <p>In the list view, we sort in descending order, i.e. we put the most relevant items first.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int compareTo(DiscoveryItem another) {
+        // For items of the same relevance, compare distance.
+        Double distance1 = getEstimatedDistance();
+        Double distance2 = another.getEstimatedDistance();
+        distance1 = distance1 != null ? distance1 : Double.MAX_VALUE;
+        distance2 = distance2 != null ? distance2 : Double.MAX_VALUE;
+        // Negate because closer items are better ("greater than") further items.
+        return -distance1.compareTo(distance2);
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    public String getTriggerId() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.getTriggerId();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object another) {
+        if (another instanceof DiscoveryItem) {
+            return ((DiscoveryItem) another).mStoredDiscoveryItem.equals(mStoredDiscoveryItem);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem.hashCode();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return String.format(
+                "[triggerId=%s], [id=%s], [title=%s], [url=%s], [ready=%s], [macAddress=%s]",
+                getTriggerId(),
+                getId(),
+                getTitle(),
+                getActionUrl(),
+                isReadyForDisplay(),
+                maskBluetoothAddress(getMacAddress()));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a copy of the StoredDiscoveryItem proto backing this DiscoveryItem. Currently needed for
+     * Fast Pair 2.0: We store the item in the cloud associated with a user's account, to enable
+     * pairing with other devices owned by the user.
+     */
+    public Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem getCopyOfStoredItem() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the StoredDiscoveryItem represented by this DiscoveryItem. This lets tests manipulate
+     * values that production code should not manipulate.
+     */
+
+    public Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem getStoredItemForTest() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the StoredDiscoveryItem represented by this DiscoveryItem. This lets tests manipulate
+     * values that production code should not manipulate.
+     */
+    public void setStoredItemForTest(Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem s) {
+        mStoredDiscoveryItem = s;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parse the intent from item url.
+     */
+    public static Intent parseIntentScheme(String uri) {
+        try {
+            return Intent.parseUri(uri, Intent.URI_INTENT_SCHEME);
+        } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/DiscoveryItemContract.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/DiscoveryItemContract.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61ca3fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/DiscoveryItemContract.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache;
+
+import android.provider.BaseColumns;
+
+/**
+ * Defines DiscoveryItem database schema.
+ */
+public class DiscoveryItemContract {
+    private DiscoveryItemContract() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Discovery item entry related info.
+     */
+    public static class DiscoveryItemEntry implements BaseColumns {
+        public static final String TABLE_NAME = "SCAN_RESULT";
+        public static final String COLUMN_MODEL_ID = "MODEL_ID";
+        public static final String COLUMN_SCAN_BYTE = "SCAN_RESULT_BYTE";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairCacheManager.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairCacheManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6134f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairCacheManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache;
+
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult;
+import android.content.ContentValues;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.database.Cursor;
+import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop.Annotations;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+
+
+/**
+ * Save FastPair device info to database to avoid multiple requesting.
+ */
+public class FastPairCacheManager {
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final FastPairDbHelper mFastPairDbHelper;
+
+    public FastPairCacheManager(Context context) {
+        mContext = context;
+        mFastPairDbHelper = new FastPairDbHelper(context);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clean up function to release db
+     */
+    public void cleanUp() {
+        mFastPairDbHelper.close();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Saves the response to the db
+     */
+    private void saveDevice() {
+    }
+
+    Cache.ServerResponseDbItem getDeviceFromScanResult(ScanResult scanResult) {
+        return Cache.ServerResponseDbItem.newBuilder().build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Save discovery item into database. Discovery item is item that discovered through Ble before
+     * pairing success.
+     */
+    public boolean saveDiscoveryItem(DiscoveryItem item) {
+
+        SQLiteDatabase db = mFastPairDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
+        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
+        values.put(DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.COLUMN_MODEL_ID, item.getTriggerId());
+        values.put(DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.COLUMN_SCAN_BYTE,
+                item.getCopyOfStoredItem().toByteArray());
+        db.insert(DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.TABLE_NAME, null, values);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+
+    @Annotations.EventThread
+    private Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse getObservedDeviceInfo(ScanResult scanResult) {
+        return Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse.getDefaultInstance();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get discovery item from item id.
+     */
+    public DiscoveryItem getDiscoveryItem(String itemId) {
+        return new DiscoveryItem(mContext, getStoredDiscoveryItem(itemId));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get discovery item from item id.
+     */
+    public Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem getStoredDiscoveryItem(String itemId) {
+        SQLiteDatabase db = mFastPairDbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
+        String[] projection = {
+                DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.COLUMN_MODEL_ID,
+                DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.COLUMN_SCAN_BYTE
+        };
+        String selection = DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.COLUMN_MODEL_ID + " =? ";
+        String[] selectionArgs = {itemId};
+        Cursor cursor = db.query(
+                DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.TABLE_NAME,
+                projection,
+                selection,
+                selectionArgs,
+                null,
+                null,
+                null
+        );
+
+        if (cursor.moveToNext()) {
+            byte[] res = cursor.getBlob(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(
+                    DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.COLUMN_SCAN_BYTE));
+            try {
+                Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem item = Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.parseFrom(res);
+                return item;
+            } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
+                Log.e("FastPairCacheManager", "storediscovery has error");
+            }
+        }
+        cursor.close();
+        return Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.getDefaultInstance();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get all of the discovery item related info in the cache.
+     */
+    public List<Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem> getAllSavedStoreDiscoveryItem() {
+        List<Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem> storedDiscoveryItemList = new ArrayList<>();
+        SQLiteDatabase db = mFastPairDbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
+        String[] projection = {
+                DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.COLUMN_MODEL_ID,
+                DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.COLUMN_SCAN_BYTE
+        };
+        Cursor cursor = db.query(
+                DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.TABLE_NAME,
+                projection,
+                null,
+                null,
+                null,
+                null,
+                null
+        );
+
+        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
+            byte[] res = cursor.getBlob(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(
+                    DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.COLUMN_SCAN_BYTE));
+            try {
+                Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem item = Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.parseFrom(res);
+                storedDiscoveryItemList.add(item);
+            } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
+                Log.e("FastPairCacheManager", "storediscovery has error");
+            }
+
+        }
+        cursor.close();
+        return storedDiscoveryItemList;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get scan result from local database use model id
+     */
+    public Cache.StoredScanResult getStoredScanResult(String modelId) {
+        return Cache.StoredScanResult.getDefaultInstance();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the paired Fast Pair item that paired to the phone through mac address.
+     */
+    public Cache.StoredFastPairItem getStoredFastPairItemFromMacAddress(String macAddress) {
+        SQLiteDatabase db = mFastPairDbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
+        String[] projection = {
+                StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_ACCOUNT_KEY,
+                StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_MAC_ADDRESS,
+                StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_STORED_FAST_PAIR_BYTE
+        };
+        String selection =
+                StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_MAC_ADDRESS + " =? ";
+        String[] selectionArgs = {macAddress};
+        Cursor cursor = db.query(
+                StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.TABLE_NAME,
+                projection,
+                selection,
+                selectionArgs,
+                null,
+                null,
+                null
+        );
+
+        if (cursor.moveToNext()) {
+            byte[] res = cursor.getBlob(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(
+                    StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry
+                            .COLUMN_STORED_FAST_PAIR_BYTE));
+            try {
+                Cache.StoredFastPairItem item = Cache.StoredFastPairItem.parseFrom(res);
+                return item;
+            } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
+                Log.e("FastPairCacheManager", "storediscovery has error");
+            }
+        }
+        cursor.close();
+        return Cache.StoredFastPairItem.getDefaultInstance();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Save paired fast pair item into the database.
+     */
+    public boolean putStoredFastPairItem(Cache.StoredFastPairItem storedFastPairItem) {
+        SQLiteDatabase db = mFastPairDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
+        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
+        values.put(StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_MAC_ADDRESS,
+                storedFastPairItem.getMacAddress());
+        values.put(StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_ACCOUNT_KEY,
+                storedFastPairItem.getAccountKey().toString());
+        values.put(StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_STORED_FAST_PAIR_BYTE,
+                storedFastPairItem.toByteArray());
+        db.insert(StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.TABLE_NAME, null, values);
+        return true;
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes certain storedFastPairItem so that it can update timely.
+     */
+    public void removeStoredFastPairItem(String macAddress) {
+        SQLiteDatabase db = mFastPairDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
+        int res = db.delete(StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.TABLE_NAME,
+                StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_MAC_ADDRESS + "=?",
+                new String[]{macAddress});
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get all of the store fast pair item related info in the cache.
+     */
+    public List<Cache.StoredFastPairItem> getAllSavedStoredFastPairItem() {
+        List<Cache.StoredFastPairItem> storedFastPairItemList = new ArrayList<>();
+        SQLiteDatabase db = mFastPairDbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
+        String[] projection = {
+                StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_MAC_ADDRESS,
+                StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_ACCOUNT_KEY,
+                StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_STORED_FAST_PAIR_BYTE
+        };
+        Cursor cursor = db.query(
+                StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.TABLE_NAME,
+                projection,
+                null,
+                null,
+                null,
+                null,
+                null
+        );
+
+        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
+            byte[] res = cursor.getBlob(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(StoredFastPairItemContract
+                    .StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_STORED_FAST_PAIR_BYTE));
+            try {
+                Cache.StoredFastPairItem item = Cache.StoredFastPairItem.parseFrom(res);
+                storedFastPairItemList.add(item);
+            } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
+                Log.e("FastPairCacheManager", "storediscovery has error");
+            }
+
+        }
+        cursor.close();
+        return storedFastPairItemList;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairDbHelper.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairDbHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d950d8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairDbHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
+import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
+
+/**
+ * Fast Pair db helper handle all of the db actions related Fast Pair.
+ */
+public class FastPairDbHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
+
+    public static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
+    public static final String DATABASE_NAME = "FastPair.db";
+    private static final String SQL_CREATE_DISCOVERY_ITEM_DB =
+            "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS " + DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.TABLE_NAME
+                    + " (" + DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry._ID
+                    + "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,"
+                    + DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.COLUMN_MODEL_ID
+                    + " TEXT," + DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.COLUMN_SCAN_BYTE
+                    + " BLOB)";
+    private static final String SQL_DELETE_DISCOVERY_ITEM_DB =
+            "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + DiscoveryItemContract.DiscoveryItemEntry.TABLE_NAME;
+    private static final String SQL_CREATE_FAST_PAIR_ITEM_DB =
+            "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "
+                    + StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.TABLE_NAME
+                    + " (" + StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry._ID
+                    + "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,"
+                    + StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_MAC_ADDRESS
+                    + " TEXT,"
+                    + StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_ACCOUNT_KEY
+                    + " TEXT,"
+                    + StoredFastPairItemContract
+                    .StoredFastPairItemEntry.COLUMN_STORED_FAST_PAIR_BYTE
+                    + " BLOB)";
+    private static final String SQL_DELETE_FAST_PAIR_ITEM_DB =
+            "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + StoredFastPairItemContract.StoredFastPairItemEntry.TABLE_NAME;
+
+    public FastPairDbHelper(Context context) {
+        super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
+        db.execSQL(SQL_CREATE_DISCOVERY_ITEM_DB);
+        db.execSQL(SQL_CREATE_FAST_PAIR_ITEM_DB);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
+        // Since the outdated data has no value so just remove the data.
+        db.execSQL(SQL_DELETE_DISCOVERY_ITEM_DB);
+        db.execSQL(SQL_DELETE_FAST_PAIR_ITEM_DB);
+        onCreate(db);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onDowngrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
+        super.onDowngrade(db, oldVersion, newVersion);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/StoredFastPairItemContract.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/StoredFastPairItemContract.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9980565
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/StoredFastPairItemContract.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache;
+
+import android.provider.BaseColumns;
+
+/**
+ * Defines fast pair item database schema.
+ */
+public class StoredFastPairItemContract {
+    private StoredFastPairItemContract() {}
+
+    /**
+     * StoredFastPairItem entry related info.
+     */
+    public static class StoredFastPairItemEntry implements BaseColumns {
+        public static final String TABLE_NAME = "STORED_FAST_PAIR_ITEM";
+        public static final String COLUMN_MAC_ADDRESS = "MAC_ADDRESS";
+        public static final String COLUMN_ACCOUNT_KEY = "ACCOUNT_KEY";
+
+        public static final String COLUMN_STORED_FAST_PAIR_BYTE = "STORED_FAST_PAIR_BYTE";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/footprint/FastPairUploadInfo.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/footprint/FastPairUploadInfo.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c9aff0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/footprint/FastPairUploadInfo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint;
+
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper class that upload the pair info to the footprint.
+ */
+public class FastPairUploadInfo {
+
+    private Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem mStoredDiscoveryItem;
+
+    private ByteString mAccountKey;
+
+    private  ByteString mSha256AccountKeyPublicAddress;
+
+
+    public FastPairUploadInfo(Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem storedDiscoveryItem, ByteString accountKey,
+            ByteString sha256AccountKeyPublicAddress) {
+        mStoredDiscoveryItem = storedDiscoveryItem;
+        mAccountKey = accountKey;
+        mSha256AccountKeyPublicAddress = sha256AccountKeyPublicAddress;
+    }
+
+    public Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem getStoredDiscoveryItem() {
+        return mStoredDiscoveryItem;
+    }
+
+    public ByteString getAccountKey() {
+        return mAccountKey;
+    }
+
+
+    public ByteString getSha256AccountKeyPublicAddress() {
+        return mSha256AccountKeyPublicAddress;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/footprint/FootprintsDeviceManager.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/footprint/FootprintsDeviceManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68217c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/footprint/FootprintsDeviceManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint;
+
+/**
+ * FootprintDeviceManager is responsible for all of the foot print operation. Footprint will
+ * store all of device info that already paired with certain account. This class will call AOSP
+ * api to let OEM save certain device.
+ */
+public class FootprintsDeviceManager {
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/halfsheet/FastPairHalfSheetManager.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/halfsheet/FastPairHalfSheetManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..553d5ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/halfsheet/FastPairHalfSheetManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.DEVICE_PAIRING_FRAGMENT_TYPE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.EXTRA_BINDER;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.EXTRA_BUNDLE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_INFO;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_TYPE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairManager.ACTION_RESOURCES_APK;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.content.ComponentName;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
+import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;
+import android.nearby.FastPairDevice;
+import android.nearby.FastPairStatusCallback;
+import android.nearby.PairStatusMetadata;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairController;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.DiscoveryItem;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.Environment;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+
+/**
+ * Fast Pair ux manager for half sheet.
+ */
+public class FastPairHalfSheetManager {
+    private static final String ACTIVITY_INTENT_ACTION = "android.nearby.SHOW_HALFSHEET";
+    private static final String HALF_SHEET_CLASS_NAME =
+            "com.android.nearby.halfsheet.HalfSheetActivity";
+    private static final String TAG = "FPHalfSheetManager";
+
+    private String mHalfSheetApkPkgName;
+    private final LocatorContextWrapper mLocatorContextWrapper;
+
+    FastPairUiServiceImpl mFastPairUiService;
+
+    public FastPairHalfSheetManager(Context context) {
+        this(new LocatorContextWrapper(context));
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    FastPairHalfSheetManager(LocatorContextWrapper locatorContextWrapper) {
+        mLocatorContextWrapper = locatorContextWrapper;
+        mFastPairUiService = new FastPairUiServiceImpl();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Invokes half sheet in the other apk. This function can only be called in Nearby because other
+     * app can't get the correct component name.
+     */
+    public void showHalfSheet(Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem scanFastPairStoreItem) {
+        try {
+            if (mLocatorContextWrapper != null) {
+                String packageName = getHalfSheetApkPkgName();
+                if (packageName == null) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "package name is null");
+                    return;
+                }
+                mFastPairUiService.setFastPairController(
+                        mLocatorContextWrapper.getLocator().get(FastPairController.class));
+                Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
+                bundle.putBinder(EXTRA_BINDER, mFastPairUiService);
+                mLocatorContextWrapper
+                        .startActivityAsUser(new Intent(ACTIVITY_INTENT_ACTION)
+                                        .putExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_INFO,
+                                                scanFastPairStoreItem.toByteArray())
+                                        .putExtra(EXTRA_HALF_SHEET_TYPE,
+                                                DEVICE_PAIRING_FRAGMENT_TYPE)
+                                        .putExtra(EXTRA_BUNDLE, bundle)
+                                        .setComponent(new ComponentName(packageName,
+                                                HALF_SHEET_CLASS_NAME)),
+                                UserHandle.CURRENT);
+            }
+        } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Can't resolve package that contains half sheet");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shows pairing fail half sheet.
+     */
+    public void showPairingFailed() {
+        FastPairStatusCallback pairStatusCallback = mFastPairUiService.getPairStatusCallback();
+        if (pairStatusCallback != null) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "showPairingFailed: pairStatusCallback not NULL");
+            pairStatusCallback.onPairUpdate(new FastPairDevice.Builder().build(),
+                    new PairStatusMetadata(PairStatusMetadata.Status.FAIL));
+        } else {
+            Log.w(TAG, "FastPairHalfSheetManager failed to show success half sheet because "
+                    + "the pairStatusCallback is null");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the half sheet status whether it is foreground or dismissed
+     */
+    public boolean getHalfSheetForegroundState() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Show passkey confirmation info on half sheet
+     */
+    public void showPasskeyConfirmation(BluetoothDevice device, int passkey) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This function will handle pairing steps for half sheet.
+     */
+    public void showPairingHalfSheet(DiscoveryItem item) {
+        Log.d(TAG, "show pairing half sheet");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shows pairing success info.
+     */
+    public void showPairingSuccessHalfSheet(String address) {
+        FastPairStatusCallback pairStatusCallback = mFastPairUiService.getPairStatusCallback();
+        if (pairStatusCallback != null) {
+            pairStatusCallback.onPairUpdate(
+                    new FastPairDevice.Builder().setBluetoothAddress(address).build(),
+                    new PairStatusMetadata(PairStatusMetadata.Status.SUCCESS));
+        } else {
+            Log.w(TAG, "FastPairHalfSheetManager failed to show success half sheet because "
+                    + "the pairStatusCallback is null");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes dismiss runnable.
+     */
+    public void disableDismissRunnable() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Destroys the bluetooth pairing controller.
+     */
+    public void destroyBluetoothPairController() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notify manager the pairing has finished.
+     */
+    public void notifyPairingProcessDone(boolean success, String address, DiscoveryItem item) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the package name of HalfSheet.apk
+     * getHalfSheetApkPkgName may invoke PackageManager multiple times and it does not have
+     * race condition check. Since there is no lock for mHalfSheetApkPkgName.
+     */
+    String getHalfSheetApkPkgName() {
+        if (mHalfSheetApkPkgName != null) {
+            return mHalfSheetApkPkgName;
+        }
+        List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfos = mLocatorContextWrapper
+                .getPackageManager().queryIntentActivities(
+                        new Intent(ACTION_RESOURCES_APK),
+                        PackageManager.MATCH_SYSTEM_ONLY);
+
+        // remove apps that don't live in the nearby apex
+        resolveInfos.removeIf(info ->
+                !Environment.isAppInNearbyApex(info.activityInfo.applicationInfo));
+
+        if (resolveInfos.isEmpty()) {
+            // Resource APK not loaded yet, print a stack trace to see where this is called from
+            Log.e("FastPairManager", "Attempted to fetch resources before halfsheet "
+                            + " APK is installed or package manager can't resolve correctly!",
+                    new IllegalStateException());
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (resolveInfos.size() > 1) {
+            // multiple apps found, log a warning, but continue
+            Log.w("FastPairManager", "Found > 1 APK that can resolve halfsheet APK intent: "
+                    + resolveInfos.stream()
+                    .map(info -> info.activityInfo.applicationInfo.packageName)
+                    .collect(Collectors.joining(", ")));
+        }
+
+        // Assume the first ResolveInfo is the one we're looking for
+        ResolveInfo info = resolveInfos.get(0);
+        mHalfSheetApkPkgName = info.activityInfo.applicationInfo.packageName;
+        Log.i("FastPairManager", "Found halfsheet APK at: " + mHalfSheetApkPkgName);
+        return mHalfSheetApkPkgName;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/halfsheet/FastPairUiServiceImpl.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/halfsheet/FastPairUiServiceImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3bd273e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/halfsheet/FastPairUiServiceImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.Constant.TAG;
+
+import android.nearby.FastPairDevice;
+import android.nearby.FastPairStatusCallback;
+import android.nearby.PairStatusMetadata;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairStatusCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairUiService;
+import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairController;
+
+/**
+ * Service implementing Fast Pair functionality.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class FastPairUiServiceImpl extends IFastPairUiService.Stub {
+
+    private IBinder mStatusCallbackProxy;
+    private FastPairController mFastPairController;
+    private FastPairStatusCallback mFastPairStatusCallback;
+
+    /**
+     * Registers the Binder call back in the server notifies the proxy when there is an update
+     * in the server.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void registerCallback(IFastPairStatusCallback iFastPairStatusCallback) {
+        mStatusCallbackProxy = iFastPairStatusCallback.asBinder();
+        mFastPairStatusCallback = new FastPairStatusCallback() {
+            @Override
+            public void onPairUpdate(FastPairDevice fastPairDevice,
+                    PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata) {
+                try {
+                    iFastPairStatusCallback.onPairUpdate(fastPairDevice, pairStatusMetadata);
+                } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "Failed to update pair status.", e);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unregisters the Binder call back in the server.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void unregisterCallback(IFastPairStatusCallback iFastPairStatusCallback) {
+        mStatusCallbackProxy = null;
+        mFastPairStatusCallback = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asks the Fast Pair service to pair the device. initial pairing.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void connect(FastPairDevice fastPairDevice) {
+        if (mFastPairController != null) {
+            mFastPairController.pair(fastPairDevice);
+        } else {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Failed to connect because there is no FastPairController.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cancels Fast Pair connection and dismisses half sheet.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void cancel(FastPairDevice fastPairDevice) {
+    }
+
+    public FastPairStatusCallback getPairStatusCallback() {
+        return mFastPairStatusCallback;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets function for Fast Pair controller.
+     */
+    public void setFastPairController(FastPairController fastPairController) {
+        mFastPairController = fastPairController;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/notification/FastPairNotificationManager.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/notification/FastPairNotificationManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1ae573
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/notification/FastPairNotificationManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.notification;
+
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.DiscoveryItem;
+
+/**
+ * Responsible for show notification logic.
+ */
+public class FastPairNotificationManager {
+
+    /**
+     * FastPair notification manager that handle notification ui for fast pair.
+     */
+    public FastPairNotificationManager(Context context, DiscoveryItem item, boolean useLargeIcon,
+            int notificationId) {
+    }
+    /**
+     * FastPair notification manager that handle notification ui for fast pair.
+     */
+    public FastPairNotificationManager(Context context, DiscoveryItem item, boolean useLargeIcon) {
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shows pairing in progress notification.
+     */
+    public void showConnectingNotification() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Shows success notification
+     */
+    public void showPairingSucceededNotification(
+            @Nullable String companionApp,
+            int batteryLevel,
+            @Nullable String deviceName,
+            String address) {
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shows failed notification.
+     */
+    public void showPairingFailedNotification(byte[] accountKey) {
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notify the pairing process is done.
+     */
+    public void notifyPairingProcessDone(boolean success, boolean forceNotify,
+            String privateAddress, String publicAddress) {}
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/HalfSheetPairingProgressHandler.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/HalfSheetPairingProgressHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c95f74f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/HalfSheetPairingProgressHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.pairinghandler;
+
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.DiscoveryItem;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.NearbyEventIntDefs;
+
+/** Pairing progress handler that handle pairing come from half sheet. */
+public final class HalfSheetPairingProgressHandler extends PairingProgressHandlerBase {
+
+    private final FastPairHalfSheetManager mFastPairHalfSheetManager;
+    private final boolean mIsSubsequentPair;
+    private final DiscoveryItem mItemResurface;
+
+    HalfSheetPairingProgressHandler(
+            Context context,
+            DiscoveryItem item,
+            @Nullable String companionApp,
+            @Nullable byte[] accountKey) {
+        super(context, item);
+        this.mFastPairHalfSheetManager = Locator.get(context, FastPairHalfSheetManager.class);
+        this.mIsSubsequentPair =
+                item.getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1() != null && accountKey != null;
+        this.mItemResurface = item;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected int getPairStartEventCode() {
+        return mIsSubsequentPair ? NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_START
+                : NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.MAGIC_PAIR_START;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected int getPairEndEventCode() {
+        return mIsSubsequentPair ? NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_END
+                : NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.MAGIC_PAIR_END;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onPairingStarted() {
+        super.onPairingStarted();
+        // Half sheet is not in the foreground reshow half sheet, also avoid showing HalfSheet on TV
+        if (!mFastPairHalfSheetManager.getHalfSheetForegroundState()) {
+            mFastPairHalfSheetManager.showPairingHalfSheet(mItemResurface);
+        }
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.disableDismissRunnable();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onHandlePasskeyConfirmation(BluetoothDevice device, int passkey) {
+        super.onHandlePasskeyConfirmation(device, passkey);
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.showPasskeyConfirmation(device, passkey);
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    @Override
+    public String onPairedCallbackCalled(
+            FastPairConnection connection,
+            byte[] accountKey,
+            FootprintsDeviceManager footprints,
+            String address) {
+        String deviceName = super.onPairedCallbackCalled(connection, accountKey,
+                footprints, address);
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.showPairingSuccessHalfSheet(address);
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.disableDismissRunnable();
+        return deviceName;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onPairingFailed(Throwable throwable) {
+        super.onPairingFailed(throwable);
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.disableDismissRunnable();
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.showPairingFailed();
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.notifyPairingProcessDone(
+                /* success= */ false, /* publicAddress= */ null, mItem);
+        // fix auto rebond issue
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.destroyBluetoothPairController();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onPairingSuccess(String address) {
+        super.onPairingSuccess(address);
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.disableDismissRunnable();
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager
+                .notifyPairingProcessDone(/* success= */ true, address, mItem);
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.destroyBluetoothPairController();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/NotificationPairingProgressHandler.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/NotificationPairingProgressHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d469c45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/NotificationPairingProgressHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.pairinghandler;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.DiscoveryItem;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.notification.FastPairNotificationManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.NearbyEventIntDefs;
+
+/** Pairing progress handler for pairing coming from notifications. */
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+public class NotificationPairingProgressHandler extends PairingProgressHandlerBase {
+    private final FastPairNotificationManager mFastPairNotificationManager;
+    @Nullable
+    private final String mCompanionApp;
+    @Nullable
+    private final byte[] mAccountKey;
+    private final boolean mIsSubsequentPair;
+
+    NotificationPairingProgressHandler(
+            Context context,
+            DiscoveryItem item,
+            @Nullable String companionApp,
+            @Nullable byte[] accountKey,
+            FastPairNotificationManager mFastPairNotificationManager) {
+        super(context, item);
+        this.mFastPairNotificationManager = mFastPairNotificationManager;
+        this.mCompanionApp = companionApp;
+        this.mAccountKey = accountKey;
+        this.mIsSubsequentPair =
+                item.getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1() != null && accountKey != null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getPairStartEventCode() {
+        return mIsSubsequentPair ? NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_START
+                : NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.MAGIC_PAIR_START;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getPairEndEventCode() {
+        return mIsSubsequentPair ? NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_END
+                : NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.MAGIC_PAIR_END;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onReadyToPair() {
+        super.onReadyToPair();
+        mFastPairNotificationManager.showConnectingNotification();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String onPairedCallbackCalled(
+            FastPairConnection connection,
+            byte[] accountKey,
+            FootprintsDeviceManager footprints,
+            String address) {
+        String deviceName = super.onPairedCallbackCalled(connection, accountKey, footprints,
+                address);
+
+        int batteryLevel = -1;
+
+        BluetoothManager bluetoothManager = mContext.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class);
+        BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
+        if (bluetoothAdapter != null) {
+            // Need to check battery level here set that to -1 for now
+            batteryLevel = -1;
+        } else {
+            Log.v(
+                    "NotificationPairingProgressHandler",
+                    "onPairedCallbackCalled getBatteryLevel failed,"
+                            + " adapter is null");
+        }
+        mFastPairNotificationManager.showPairingSucceededNotification(
+                !TextUtils.isEmpty(mCompanionApp) ? mCompanionApp : null,
+                batteryLevel,
+                deviceName,
+                address);
+        return deviceName;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onPairingFailed(Throwable throwable) {
+        super.onPairingFailed(throwable);
+        mFastPairNotificationManager.showPairingFailedNotification(mAccountKey);
+        mFastPairNotificationManager.notifyPairingProcessDone(
+                /* success= */ false,
+                /* forceNotify= */ false,
+                /* privateAddress= */ mItem.getMacAddress(),
+                /* publicAddress= */ null);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onPairingSuccess(String address) {
+        super.onPairingSuccess(address);
+        mFastPairNotificationManager.notifyPairingProcessDone(
+                /* success= */ true,
+                /* forceNotify= */ false,
+                /* privateAddress= */ mItem.getMacAddress(),
+                /* publicAddress= */ address);
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/PairingProgressHandlerBase.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/PairingProgressHandlerBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5fb05d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/PairingProgressHandlerBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.pairinghandler;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairManager.isThroughFastPair2InitialPairing;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Preferences;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.DiscoveryItem;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.notification.FastPairNotificationManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs;
+
+/** Base class for pairing progress handler. */
+public abstract class PairingProgressHandlerBase {
+    protected final Context mContext;
+    protected final DiscoveryItem mItem;
+    @Nullable
+    private FastPairEventIntDefs.ErrorCode mRescueFromError;
+
+    protected abstract int getPairStartEventCode();
+
+    protected abstract int getPairEndEventCode();
+
+    protected PairingProgressHandlerBase(Context context, DiscoveryItem item) {
+        this.mContext = context;
+        this.mItem = item;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Pairing progress init function.
+     */
+    public static PairingProgressHandlerBase create(
+            Context context,
+            DiscoveryItem item,
+            @Nullable String companionApp,
+            @Nullable byte[] accountKey,
+            FootprintsDeviceManager footprints,
+            FastPairNotificationManager notificationManager,
+            FastPairHalfSheetManager fastPairHalfSheetManager,
+            boolean isRetroactivePair) {
+        PairingProgressHandlerBase pairingProgressHandlerBase;
+        // Disable half sheet on subsequent pairing
+        if (item.getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1() != null
+                && accountKey != null) {
+            // Subsequent pairing
+            pairingProgressHandlerBase =
+                    new NotificationPairingProgressHandler(
+                            context, item, companionApp, accountKey, notificationManager);
+        } else {
+            pairingProgressHandlerBase =
+                    new HalfSheetPairingProgressHandler(context, item, companionApp, accountKey);
+        }
+
+
+        Log.v("PairingHandler",
+                "PairingProgressHandler:Create "
+                        + item.getMacAddress() + " for pairing");
+        return pairingProgressHandlerBase;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Function calls when pairing start.
+     */
+    public void onPairingStarted() {
+        Log.v("PairingHandler", "PairingProgressHandler:onPairingStarted");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Waits for screen to unlock.
+     */
+    public void onWaitForScreenUnlock() {
+        Log.v("PairingHandler", "PairingProgressHandler:onWaitForScreenUnlock");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Function calls when screen unlock.
+     */
+    public void onScreenUnlocked() {
+        Log.v("PairingHandler", "PairingProgressHandler:onScreenUnlocked");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calls when the handler is ready to pair.
+     */
+    public void onReadyToPair() {
+        Log.v("PairingHandler", "PairingProgressHandler:onReadyToPair");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helps to set up pairing preference.
+     */
+    public void onSetupPreferencesBuilder(Preferences.Builder builder) {
+        Log.v("PairingHandler", "PairingProgressHandler:onSetupPreferencesBuilder");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calls when pairing setup complete.
+     */
+    public void onPairingSetupCompleted() {
+        Log.v("PairingHandler", "PairingProgressHandler:onPairingSetupCompleted");
+    }
+
+    /** Called while pairing if needs to handle the passkey confirmation by Ui. */
+    public void onHandlePasskeyConfirmation(BluetoothDevice device, int passkey) {
+        Log.v("PairingHandler", "PairingProgressHandler:onHandlePasskeyConfirmation");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * In this callback, we know if it is a real initial pairing by existing account key, and do
+     * following things:
+     * <li>1, optIn footprint for initial pairing.
+     * <li>2, write the device name to provider
+     * <li>2.1, generate default personalized name for initial pairing or get the personalized name
+     * from footprint for subsequent pairing.
+     * <li>2.2, set alias name for the bluetooth device.
+     * <li>2.3, update the device name for connection to write into provider for initial pair.
+     * <li>3, suppress battery notifications until oobe finishes.
+     *
+     * @return display name of the pairing device
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String onPairedCallbackCalled(
+            FastPairConnection connection,
+            byte[] accountKey,
+            FootprintsDeviceManager footprints,
+            String address) {
+        Log.v("PairingHandler",
+                "PairingProgressHandler:onPairedCallbackCalled with address: "
+                        + address);
+
+        byte[] existingAccountKey = connection.getExistingAccountKey();
+        optInFootprintsForInitialPairing(footprints, mItem, accountKey, existingAccountKey);
+        // Add support for naming the device
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the related info from db use account key.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getKeyForLocalCache(
+            byte[] accountKey, FastPairConnection connection,
+            FastPairConnection.SharedSecret sharedSecret) {
+        Log.v("PairingHandler", "PairingProgressHandler:getKeyForLocalCache");
+        return accountKey != null ? accountKey : connection.getExistingAccountKey();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Function handles pairing fail.
+     */
+    public void onPairingFailed(Throwable throwable) {
+        Log.w("PairingHandler", "PairingProgressHandler:onPairingFailed");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Function handles pairing success.
+     */
+    public void onPairingSuccess(String address) {
+        Log.v("PairingHandler", "PairingProgressHandler:onPairingSuccess with address: "
+                + maskBluetoothAddress(address));
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static void optInFootprintsForInitialPairing(
+            FootprintsDeviceManager footprints,
+            DiscoveryItem item,
+            byte[] accountKey,
+            @Nullable byte[] existingAccountKey) {
+        if (isThroughFastPair2InitialPairing(item, accountKey) && existingAccountKey == null) {
+            // enable the save to footprint
+            Log.v("PairingHandler", "footprint should call opt in here");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if the PairingProgressHandler is running at the background.
+     *
+     * <p>In order to keep the following status notification shows as a heads up, we must wait for
+     * the screen unlocked to continue.
+     */
+    public boolean skipWaitingScreenUnlock() {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/injector/ContextHubManagerAdapter.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/injector/ContextHubManagerAdapter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9af0227
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/injector/ContextHubManagerAdapter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.injector;
+
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubClient;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubClientCallback;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubInfo;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubManager;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubTransaction;
+import android.hardware.location.NanoAppState;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/** Wrap {@link ContextHubManager} for dependence injection. */
+public class ContextHubManagerAdapter {
+    private final ContextHubManager mManager;
+
+    public ContextHubManagerAdapter(ContextHubManager manager) {
+        mManager = manager;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the list of ContextHubInfo objects describing the available Context Hubs.
+     *
+     * @return the list of ContextHubInfo objects
+     * @see ContextHubInfo
+     */
+    public List<ContextHubInfo> getContextHubs() {
+        return mManager.getContextHubs();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Requests a query for nanoapps loaded at the specified Context Hub.
+     *
+     * @param hubInfo the hub to query a list of nanoapps from
+     * @return the ContextHubTransaction of the request
+     * @throws NullPointerException if hubInfo is null
+     */
+    public ContextHubTransaction<List<NanoAppState>> queryNanoApps(ContextHubInfo hubInfo) {
+        return mManager.queryNanoApps(hubInfo);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates and registers a client and its callback with the Context Hub Service.
+     *
+     * <p>A client is registered with the Context Hub Service for a specified Context Hub. When the
+     * registration succeeds, the client can send messages to nanoapps through the returned {@link
+     * ContextHubClient} object, and receive notifications through the provided callback.
+     *
+     * @param hubInfo the hub to attach this client to
+     * @param executor the executor to invoke the callback
+     * @param callback the notification callback to register
+     * @return the registered client object
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if hubInfo does not represent a valid hub
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if there were too many registered clients at the service
+     * @throws NullPointerException if callback, hubInfo, or executor is null
+     */
+    public ContextHubClient createClient(
+            ContextHubInfo hubInfo, ContextHubClientCallback callback, Executor executor) {
+        return mManager.createClient(hubInfo, callback, executor);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/injector/Injector.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/injector/Injector.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3152ee6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/injector/Injector.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.injector;
+
+import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubManager;
+
+/**
+ * Nearby dependency injector. To be used for accessing various Nearby class instances and as a
+ * handle for mock injection.
+ */
+public interface Injector {
+
+    /** Get the BluetoothAdapter for BleDiscoveryProvider to scan. */
+    BluetoothAdapter getBluetoothAdapter();
+
+    /** Get the ContextHubManagerAdapter for ChreDiscoveryProvider to scan. */
+    ContextHubManager getContextHubManager();
+
+    /** Get the AppOpsManager to control access. */
+    AppOpsManager getAppOpsManager();
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/intdefs/FastPairEventIntDefs.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/intdefs/FastPairEventIntDefs.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8bb7980
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/intdefs/FastPairEventIntDefs.java
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.intdefs;
+
+import androidx.annotation.IntDef;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+
+/** Holds integer definitions for FastPair. */
+public class FastPairEventIntDefs {
+
+    /** Fast Pair Bond State. */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(
+            value = {
+                    BondState.UNKNOWN_BOND_STATE,
+                    BondState.NONE,
+                    BondState.BONDING,
+                    BondState.BONDED,
+            })
+    public @interface BondState {
+        int UNKNOWN_BOND_STATE = 0;
+        int NONE = 10;
+        int BONDING = 11;
+        int BONDED = 12;
+    }
+
+    /** Fast Pair error code. */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(
+            value = {
+                    ErrorCode.UNKNOWN_ERROR_CODE,
+                    ErrorCode.OTHER_ERROR,
+                    ErrorCode.TIMEOUT,
+                    ErrorCode.INTERRUPTED,
+                    ErrorCode.REFLECTIVE_OPERATION_EXCEPTION,
+                    ErrorCode.EXECUTION_EXCEPTION,
+                    ErrorCode.PARSE_EXCEPTION,
+                    ErrorCode.MDH_REMOTE_EXCEPTION,
+                    ErrorCode.SUCCESS_RETRY_GATT_ERROR,
+                    ErrorCode.SUCCESS_RETRY_GATT_TIMEOUT,
+                    ErrorCode.SUCCESS_RETRY_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_ERROR,
+                    ErrorCode.SUCCESS_RETRY_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT,
+                    ErrorCode.SUCCESS_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_RECONNECT,
+                    ErrorCode.SUCCESS_ADDRESS_ROTATE,
+                    ErrorCode.SUCCESS_SIGNAL_LOST,
+            })
+    public @interface ErrorCode {
+        int UNKNOWN_ERROR_CODE = 0;
+
+        // Check the other fields for a more specific error code.
+        int OTHER_ERROR = 1;
+
+        // The operation timed out.
+        int TIMEOUT = 2;
+
+        // The thread was interrupted.
+        int INTERRUPTED = 3;
+
+        // Some reflective call failed (should never happen).
+        int REFLECTIVE_OPERATION_EXCEPTION = 4;
+
+        // A Future threw an exception (should never happen).
+        int EXECUTION_EXCEPTION = 5;
+
+        // Parsing something (e.g. BR/EDR Handover data) failed.
+        int PARSE_EXCEPTION = 6;
+
+        // A failure at MDH.
+        int MDH_REMOTE_EXCEPTION = 7;
+
+        // For errors on GATT connection and retry success
+        int SUCCESS_RETRY_GATT_ERROR = 8;
+
+        // For timeout on GATT connection and retry success
+        int SUCCESS_RETRY_GATT_TIMEOUT = 9;
+
+        // For errors on secret handshake and retry success
+        int SUCCESS_RETRY_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_ERROR = 10;
+
+        // For timeout on secret handshake and retry success
+        int SUCCESS_RETRY_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_TIMEOUT = 11;
+
+        // For secret handshake fail and restart GATT connection success
+        int SUCCESS_SECRET_HANDSHAKE_RECONNECT = 12;
+
+        // For address rotate and retry with new address success
+        int SUCCESS_ADDRESS_ROTATE = 13;
+
+        // For signal lost and retry with old address still success
+        int SUCCESS_SIGNAL_LOST = 14;
+    }
+
+    /** Fast Pair BrEdrHandover Error Code. */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(
+            value = {
+                    BrEdrHandoverErrorCode.UNKNOWN_BR_EDR_HANDOVER_ERROR_CODE,
+                    BrEdrHandoverErrorCode.CONTROL_POINT_RESULT_CODE_NOT_SUCCESS,
+                    BrEdrHandoverErrorCode.BLUETOOTH_MAC_INVALID,
+                    BrEdrHandoverErrorCode.TRANSPORT_BLOCK_INVALID,
+            })
+    public @interface BrEdrHandoverErrorCode {
+        int UNKNOWN_BR_EDR_HANDOVER_ERROR_CODE = 0;
+        int CONTROL_POINT_RESULT_CODE_NOT_SUCCESS = 1;
+        int BLUETOOTH_MAC_INVALID = 2;
+        int TRANSPORT_BLOCK_INVALID = 3;
+    }
+
+    /** Fast Pair CreateBound Error Code. */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(
+            value = {
+                    CreateBondErrorCode.UNKNOWN_BOND_ERROR_CODE,
+                    CreateBondErrorCode.BOND_BROKEN,
+                    CreateBondErrorCode.POSSIBLE_MITM,
+                    CreateBondErrorCode.NO_PERMISSION,
+                    CreateBondErrorCode.INCORRECT_VARIANT,
+                    CreateBondErrorCode.FAILED_BUT_ALREADY_RECEIVE_PASS_KEY,
+            })
+    public @interface CreateBondErrorCode {
+        int UNKNOWN_BOND_ERROR_CODE = 0;
+        int BOND_BROKEN = 1;
+        int POSSIBLE_MITM = 2;
+        int NO_PERMISSION = 3;
+        int INCORRECT_VARIANT = 4;
+        int FAILED_BUT_ALREADY_RECEIVE_PASS_KEY = 5;
+    }
+
+    /** Fast Pair Connect Error Code. */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(
+            value = {
+                    ConnectErrorCode.UNKNOWN_CONNECT_ERROR_CODE,
+                    ConnectErrorCode.UNSUPPORTED_PROFILE,
+                    ConnectErrorCode.GET_PROFILE_PROXY_FAILED,
+                    ConnectErrorCode.DISCONNECTED,
+                    ConnectErrorCode.LINK_KEY_CLEARED,
+                    ConnectErrorCode.FAIL_TO_DISCOVERY,
+                    ConnectErrorCode.DISCOVERY_NOT_FINISHED,
+            })
+    public @interface ConnectErrorCode {
+        int UNKNOWN_CONNECT_ERROR_CODE = 0;
+        int UNSUPPORTED_PROFILE = 1;
+        int GET_PROFILE_PROXY_FAILED = 2;
+        int DISCONNECTED = 3;
+        int LINK_KEY_CLEARED = 4;
+        int FAIL_TO_DISCOVERY = 5;
+        int DISCOVERY_NOT_FINISHED = 6;
+    }
+
+    private FastPairEventIntDefs() {}
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/intdefs/NearbyEventIntDefs.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/intdefs/NearbyEventIntDefs.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91bf49a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/intdefs/NearbyEventIntDefs.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.intdefs;
+
+import androidx.annotation.IntDef;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+
+/** Holds integer definitions for NearbyEvent. */
+public class NearbyEventIntDefs {
+
+    /** NearbyEvent Code. */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(
+            value = {
+                    EventCode.UNKNOWN_EVENT_TYPE,
+                    EventCode.MAGIC_PAIR_START,
+                    EventCode.WAIT_FOR_SCREEN_UNLOCK,
+                    EventCode.GATT_CONNECT,
+                    EventCode.BR_EDR_HANDOVER_WRITE_CONTROL_POINT_REQUEST,
+                    EventCode.BR_EDR_HANDOVER_READ_BLUETOOTH_MAC,
+                    EventCode.BR_EDR_HANDOVER_READ_TRANSPORT_BLOCK,
+                    EventCode.GET_PROFILES_VIA_SDP,
+                    EventCode.DISCOVER_DEVICE,
+                    EventCode.CANCEL_DISCOVERY,
+                    EventCode.REMOVE_BOND,
+                    EventCode.CANCEL_BOND,
+                    EventCode.CREATE_BOND,
+                    EventCode.CONNECT_PROFILE,
+                    EventCode.DISABLE_BLUETOOTH,
+                    EventCode.ENABLE_BLUETOOTH,
+                    EventCode.MAGIC_PAIR_END,
+                    EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE,
+                    EventCode.WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY,
+                    EventCode.WRITE_TO_FOOTPRINTS,
+                    EventCode.PASSKEY_EXCHANGE,
+                    EventCode.DEVICE_RECOGNIZED,
+                    EventCode.GET_LOCAL_PUBLIC_ADDRESS,
+                    EventCode.DIRECTLY_CONNECTED_TO_PROFILE,
+                    EventCode.DEVICE_ALIAS_CHANGED,
+                    EventCode.WRITE_DEVICE_NAME,
+                    EventCode.UPDATE_PROVIDER_NAME_START,
+                    EventCode.UPDATE_PROVIDER_NAME_END,
+                    EventCode.READ_FIRMWARE_VERSION,
+                    EventCode.RETROACTIVE_PAIR_START,
+                    EventCode.RETROACTIVE_PAIR_END,
+                    EventCode.SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_START,
+                    EventCode.SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_END,
+                    EventCode.BISTO_PAIR_START,
+                    EventCode.BISTO_PAIR_END,
+                    EventCode.REMOTE_PAIR_START,
+                    EventCode.REMOTE_PAIR_END,
+                    EventCode.BEFORE_CREATE_BOND,
+                    EventCode.BEFORE_CREATE_BOND_BONDING,
+                    EventCode.BEFORE_CREATE_BOND_BONDED,
+                    EventCode.BEFORE_CONNECT_PROFILE,
+                    EventCode.HANDLE_PAIRING_REQUEST,
+                    EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE_GATT_COMMUNICATION,
+                    EventCode.GATT_CONNECTION_AND_SECRET_HANDSHAKE,
+                    EventCode.CHECK_SIGNAL_AFTER_HANDSHAKE,
+                    EventCode.RECOVER_BY_RETRY_GATT,
+                    EventCode.RECOVER_BY_RETRY_HANDSHAKE,
+                    EventCode.RECOVER_BY_RETRY_HANDSHAKE_RECONNECT,
+                    EventCode.GATT_HANDSHAKE_MANUAL_RETRY_ATTEMPTS,
+                    EventCode.PAIR_WITH_CACHED_MODEL_ID,
+                    EventCode.DIRECTLY_CONNECT_PROFILE_WITH_CACHED_ADDRESS,
+                    EventCode.PAIR_WITH_NEW_MODEL,
+            })
+    public @interface EventCode {
+        int UNKNOWN_EVENT_TYPE = 0;
+
+        // Codes for Magic Pair.
+        // Starting at 1000 to not conflict with other existing codes (e.g.
+        // DiscoveryEvent) that may be migrated to become official Event Codes.
+        int MAGIC_PAIR_START = 1010;
+        int WAIT_FOR_SCREEN_UNLOCK = 1020;
+        int GATT_CONNECT = 1030;
+        int BR_EDR_HANDOVER_WRITE_CONTROL_POINT_REQUEST = 1040;
+        int BR_EDR_HANDOVER_READ_BLUETOOTH_MAC = 1050;
+        int BR_EDR_HANDOVER_READ_TRANSPORT_BLOCK = 1060;
+        int GET_PROFILES_VIA_SDP = 1070;
+        int DISCOVER_DEVICE = 1080;
+        int CANCEL_DISCOVERY = 1090;
+        int REMOVE_BOND = 1100;
+        int CANCEL_BOND = 1110;
+        int CREATE_BOND = 1120;
+        int CONNECT_PROFILE = 1130;
+        int DISABLE_BLUETOOTH = 1140;
+        int ENABLE_BLUETOOTH = 1150;
+        int MAGIC_PAIR_END = 1160;
+        int SECRET_HANDSHAKE = 1170;
+        int WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY = 1180;
+        int WRITE_TO_FOOTPRINTS = 1190;
+        int PASSKEY_EXCHANGE = 1200;
+        int DEVICE_RECOGNIZED = 1210;
+        int GET_LOCAL_PUBLIC_ADDRESS = 1220;
+        int DIRECTLY_CONNECTED_TO_PROFILE = 1230;
+        int DEVICE_ALIAS_CHANGED = 1240;
+        int WRITE_DEVICE_NAME = 1250;
+        int UPDATE_PROVIDER_NAME_START = 1260;
+        int UPDATE_PROVIDER_NAME_END = 1270;
+        int READ_FIRMWARE_VERSION = 1280;
+        int RETROACTIVE_PAIR_START = 1290;
+        int RETROACTIVE_PAIR_END = 1300;
+        int SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_START = 1310;
+        int SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_END = 1320;
+        int BISTO_PAIR_START = 1330;
+        int BISTO_PAIR_END = 1340;
+        int REMOTE_PAIR_START = 1350;
+        int REMOTE_PAIR_END = 1360;
+        int BEFORE_CREATE_BOND = 1370;
+        int BEFORE_CREATE_BOND_BONDING = 1380;
+        int BEFORE_CREATE_BOND_BONDED = 1390;
+        int BEFORE_CONNECT_PROFILE = 1400;
+        int HANDLE_PAIRING_REQUEST = 1410;
+        int SECRET_HANDSHAKE_GATT_COMMUNICATION = 1420;
+        int GATT_CONNECTION_AND_SECRET_HANDSHAKE = 1430;
+        int CHECK_SIGNAL_AFTER_HANDSHAKE = 1440;
+        int RECOVER_BY_RETRY_GATT = 1450;
+        int RECOVER_BY_RETRY_HANDSHAKE = 1460;
+        int RECOVER_BY_RETRY_HANDSHAKE_RECONNECT = 1470;
+        int GATT_HANDSHAKE_MANUAL_RETRY_ATTEMPTS = 1480;
+        int PAIR_WITH_CACHED_MODEL_ID = 1490;
+        int DIRECTLY_CONNECT_PROFILE_WITH_CACHED_ADDRESS = 1500;
+        int PAIR_WITH_NEW_MODEL = 1510;
+    }
+
+    private NearbyEventIntDefs() {}
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/metrics/NearbyMetrics.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/metrics/NearbyMetrics.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75815f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/metrics/NearbyMetrics.java
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.metrics;
+
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+import android.os.WorkSource;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.proto.NearbyStatsLog;
+
+/**
+ * A class to collect and report Nearby metrics.
+ */
+public class NearbyMetrics {
+    /**
+     * Logs a scan started event.
+     */
+    public static void logScanStarted(int scanSessionId, ScanRequest scanRequest) {
+        NearbyStatsLog.write(
+                NearbyStatsLog.NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED,
+                getUid(scanRequest),
+                scanSessionId,
+                NearbyStatsLog
+                        .NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED__SCAN_STATE__NEARBY_SCAN_STATE_STARTED,
+                scanRequest.getScanType(),
+                0,
+                0,
+                "",
+                "");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Logs a scan stopped event.
+     */
+    public static void logScanStopped(int scanSessionId, ScanRequest scanRequest) {
+        NearbyStatsLog.write(
+                NearbyStatsLog.NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED,
+                getUid(scanRequest),
+                scanSessionId,
+                NearbyStatsLog
+                        .NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED__SCAN_STATE__NEARBY_SCAN_STATE_STOPPED,
+                scanRequest.getScanType(),
+                0,
+                0,
+                "",
+                "");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Logs a scan device discovered event.
+     */
+    public static void logScanDeviceDiscovered(int scanSessionId, ScanRequest scanRequest,
+            NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDevice) {
+        NearbyStatsLog.write(
+                NearbyStatsLog.NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED,
+                getUid(scanRequest),
+                scanSessionId,
+                NearbyStatsLog
+                        .NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED__SCAN_STATE__NEARBY_SCAN_STATE_DISCOVERED,
+                scanRequest.getScanType(),
+                nearbyDevice.getMedium(),
+                nearbyDevice.getRssi(),
+                nearbyDevice.getFastPairModelId(),
+                "");
+    }
+
+    private static int getUid(ScanRequest scanRequest) {
+        WorkSource workSource = scanRequest.getWorkSource();
+        return workSource.isEmpty() ? -1 : workSource.getUid(0);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/Advertisement.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/Advertisement.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d42f6c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/Advertisement.java
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.PresenceCredential;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** A Nearby Presence advertisement to be advertised. */
+public abstract class Advertisement {
+
+    @BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion
+    int mVersion = BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_UNKNOWN;
+    int mLength;
+    @PresenceCredential.IdentityType int mIdentityType;
+    byte[] mIdentity;
+    byte[] mSalt;
+    List<Integer> mActions;
+
+    /** Serialize an {@link Advertisement} object into bytes. */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] toBytes() {
+        return new byte[0];
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the length of the advertisement. */
+    public int getLength() {
+        return mLength;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the version in the advertisement. */
+    @BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion
+    public int getVersion() {
+        return mVersion;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the identity type in the advertisement. */
+    @PresenceCredential.IdentityType
+    public int getIdentityType() {
+        return mIdentityType;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the identity bytes in the advertisement. */
+    public byte[] getIdentity() {
+        return mIdentity.clone();
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the salt of the advertisement. */
+    public byte[] getSalt() {
+        return mSalt.clone();
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the actions in the advertisement. */
+    public List<Integer> getActions() {
+        return new ArrayList<>(mActions);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/DataElementHeader.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/DataElementHeader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae4a728
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/DataElementHeader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
+
+/**
+ * Represents a data element header in Nearby Presence.
+ * Each header has 3 parts: tag, length and style.
+ * Tag: 1 bit (MSB at each byte). 1 for extending, which means there will be more bytes after
+ * the current one for the header.
+ * Length: The total length of a Data Element field. Length is up to 127 and is limited within
+ * the entire first byte in the header. (7 bits, MSB is the tag).
+ * Type: Represents {@link DataElement.DataType}. There is no limit for the type number.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class DataElementHeader {
+    // Each Data reserved MSB for tag.
+    static final int TAG_BITMASK = 0b10000000;
+    static final int TAG_OFFSET = 7;
+
+    // If the header is only 1 byte, it has the format: 0b0LLLTTTT. (L for length, T for type.)
+    static final int SINGLE_AVAILABLE_LENGTH_BIT = 3;
+    static final int SINGLE_AVAILABLE_TYPE_BIT = 4;
+    static final int SINGLE_LENGTH_BITMASK = 0b01110000;
+    static final int SINGLE_LENGTH_OFFSET = SINGLE_AVAILABLE_TYPE_BIT;
+    static final int SINGLE_TYPE_BITMASK = 0b00001111;
+
+    // If there are multiple data element headers.
+    // First byte is always the length.
+    static final int MULTIPLE_LENGTH_BYTE = 1;
+    // Each byte reserves MSB for tag.
+    static final int MULTIPLE_BITMASK = 0b01111111;
+
+    @BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion
+    private final int mVersion;
+    @DataElement.DataType
+    private final int mDataType;
+    private final int mDataLength;
+
+    DataElementHeader(@BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion int version,
+            @DataElement.DataType int dataType, int dataLength) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(version == BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1,
+                "DataElementHeader is only supported in V1.");
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(dataLength >= 0, "Length should not be negative.");
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(dataLength < (1 << TAG_OFFSET),
+                "Data element should be equal or shorter than 128.");
+
+        this.mVersion = version;
+        this.mDataType = dataType;
+        this.mDataLength = dataLength;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The total type of the data element.
+     */
+    @DataElement.DataType
+    public int getDataType() {
+        return mDataType;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The total length of a Data Element field.
+     */
+    public int getDataLength() {
+        return mDataLength;
+    }
+
+    /** Serialize a {@link DataElementHeader} object into bytes. */
+    public byte[] toBytes() {
+        Preconditions.checkState(mVersion == BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1,
+                "DataElementHeader is only supported in V1.");
+        // Only 1 byte needed for the header
+        if (mDataType < (1 << SINGLE_AVAILABLE_TYPE_BIT)
+                && mDataLength < (1 << SINGLE_AVAILABLE_LENGTH_BIT)) {
+            return new byte[]{createSingleByteHeader(mDataType, mDataLength)};
+        }
+
+        return createMultipleBytesHeader(mDataType, mDataLength);
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a {@link DataElementHeader} object from bytes. */
+    @Nullable
+    public static DataElementHeader fromBytes(@BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion int version,
+            @Nonnull byte[] bytes) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(bytes, "Data parsed in for DataElement should not be null.");
+
+        if (bytes.length == 0) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (bytes.length == 1) {
+            if (isExtending(bytes[0])) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("The header is not complete.");
+            }
+            return new DataElementHeader(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1,
+                    getTypeSingleByte(bytes[0]), getLengthSingleByte(bytes[0]));
+        }
+
+        // The first byte should be length and there should be at least 1 more byte following to
+        // represent type.
+        // The last header byte's MSB should be 0.
+        if (!isExtending(bytes[0]) || isExtending(bytes[bytes.length - 1])) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The header format is wrong.");
+        }
+
+        return new DataElementHeader(version,
+                getTypeMultipleBytes(Arrays.copyOfRange(bytes, 1, bytes.length)),
+                getHeaderValue(bytes[0]));
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a header based on type and length.
+     * This is used when the type is <= 16 and length is <= 7. */
+    static byte createSingleByteHeader(int type, int length) {
+        return (byte) (convertTag(/* extend= */ false)
+                | convertLengthSingleByte(length)
+                | convertTypeSingleByte(type));
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a header based on type and length.
+     * This is used when the type is > 16 or length is > 7. */
+    static byte[] createMultipleBytesHeader(int type, int length) {
+        List<Byte> typeIntList = convertTypeMultipleBytes(type);
+        byte[] res = new byte[typeIntList.size() + MULTIPLE_LENGTH_BYTE];
+        int index = 0;
+        res[index++] = convertLengthMultipleBytes(length);
+
+        for (int typeInt : typeIntList) {
+            res[index++] = (byte) typeInt;
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    /** Constructs a Data Element header with length indicated in byte format.
+     * The most significant bit is the tag, 2- 4 bits are the length, 5 - 8 bits are the type.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static int convertLengthSingleByte(int length) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(length >= 0, "Length should not be negative.");
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(length < (1 << SINGLE_AVAILABLE_LENGTH_BIT),
+                "In single Data Element header, length should be shorter than 8.");
+        return (length << SINGLE_LENGTH_OFFSET) & SINGLE_LENGTH_BITMASK;
+    }
+
+    /** Constructs a Data Element header with type indicated in byte format.
+     * The most significant bit is the tag, 2- 4 bits are the length, 5 - 8 bits are the type.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static int convertTypeSingleByte(int type) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(type >= 0, "Type should not be negative.");
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(type < (1 << SINGLE_AVAILABLE_TYPE_BIT),
+                "In single Data Element header, type should be smaller than 16.");
+
+        return type & SINGLE_TYPE_BITMASK;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the length of Data Element from the header. (When there is only 1 byte of header)
+     */
+    static int getLengthSingleByte(byte header) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(!isExtending(header),
+                "Cannot apply this method for the extending header.");
+        return (header & SINGLE_LENGTH_BITMASK) >> SINGLE_LENGTH_OFFSET;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the type of Data Element from the header. (When there is only 1 byte of header)
+     */
+    static int getTypeSingleByte(byte header) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(!isExtending(header),
+                "Cannot apply this method for the extending header.");
+        return header & SINGLE_TYPE_BITMASK;
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a DE(data element) header based on length.
+     * This is used when header is more than 1 byte. The first byte is always the length.
+     */
+    static byte convertLengthMultipleBytes(int length) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(length < (1 << TAG_OFFSET),
+                "Data element should be equal or shorter than 128.");
+        return (byte) (convertTag(/* extend= */ true) | (length & MULTIPLE_BITMASK));
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a DE(data element) header based on type.
+     * This is used when header is more than 1 byte. The first byte is always the length.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static List<Byte> convertTypeMultipleBytes(int type) {
+        List<Byte> typeBytes = new ArrayList<>();
+        while (type > 0) {
+            byte current = (byte) (type & MULTIPLE_BITMASK);
+            type = type >> TAG_OFFSET;
+            typeBytes.add(current);
+        }
+
+        Collections.reverse(typeBytes);
+        int size = typeBytes.size();
+        // The last byte's MSB should be 0.
+        for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {
+            typeBytes.set(i, (byte) (convertTag(/* extend= */ true) | typeBytes.get(i)));
+        }
+        return typeBytes;
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a DE(data element) header based on type.
+     * This is used when header is more than 1 byte. The first byte is always the length.
+     * Uses Integer when doing bit operation to avoid error.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static int getTypeMultipleBytes(byte[] typeByteArray) {
+        int type = 0;
+        int size = typeByteArray.length;
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            type = (type << TAG_OFFSET) | getHeaderValue(typeByteArray[i]);
+        }
+        return type;
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the integer value of the 7 bits in the header. (The MSB is tag) */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static int getHeaderValue(byte header) {
+        return (header & MULTIPLE_BITMASK);
+    }
+
+    /** Sets the MSB of the header byte. If this is the last byte of headers, MSB is 0.
+     * If there are at least header following, the MSB is 1.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static byte convertTag(boolean extend) {
+        return (byte) (extend ? 0b10000000 : 0b00000000);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns {@code true} if there are at least 1 byte of header after the current one. */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static boolean isExtending(byte header) {
+        return (header & TAG_BITMASK) != 0;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisement.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisement.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34a7514
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisement.java
@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.PresenceCredential;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.Cryptor;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpFake;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpIdentityV1;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpV1;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * A Nearby Presence advertisement to be advertised on BT5.0 devices.
+ *
+ * <p>Serializable between Java object and bytes formats. Java object is used at the upper scanning
+ * and advertising interface as an abstraction of the actual bytes. Bytes format is used at the
+ * underlying BLE and mDNS stacks, which do necessary slicing and merging based on advertising
+ * capacities.
+ *
+ * The extended advertisement is defined in the format below:
+ * Header (1 byte) | salt (1+2 bytes) | Identity + filter (2+16 bytes)
+ * | repeated DE fields (various bytes)
+ * The header contains:
+ * version (3 bits) | 5 bit reserved for future use (RFU)
+ */
+public class ExtendedAdvertisement extends Advertisement{
+
+    public static final int SALT_DATA_LENGTH = 2;
+
+    static final int HEADER_LENGTH = 1;
+
+    static final int IDENTITY_DATA_LENGTH = 16;
+
+    private final List<DataElement> mDataElements;
+
+    private final byte[] mAuthenticityKey;
+
+    // All Data Elements including salt and identity.
+    // Each list item (byte array) is a Data Element (with its header).
+    private final List<byte[]> mCompleteDataElementsBytes;
+    // Signature generated from data elements.
+    private final byte[] mHmacTag;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates an {@link ExtendedAdvertisement} from a Presence Broadcast Request.
+     * @return {@link ExtendedAdvertisement} object. {@code null} when the request is illegal.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static ExtendedAdvertisement createFromRequest(PresenceBroadcastRequest request) {
+        if (request.getVersion() != BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "ExtendedAdvertisement only supports V1 now.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        byte[] salt = request.getSalt();
+        if (salt.length != SALT_DATA_LENGTH) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "Salt does not match correct length");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        byte[] identity = request.getCredential().getMetadataEncryptionKey();
+        byte[] authenticityKey = request.getCredential().getAuthenticityKey();
+        if (identity.length != IDENTITY_DATA_LENGTH) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "Identity does not match correct length");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        List<Integer> actions = request.getActions();
+        if (actions.isEmpty()) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "ExtendedAdvertisement must contain at least one action");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        List<DataElement> dataElements = request.getExtendedProperties();
+        return new ExtendedAdvertisement(
+                request.getCredential().getIdentityType(),
+                identity,
+                salt,
+                authenticityKey,
+                actions,
+                dataElements);
+    }
+
+    /** Serialize an {@link ExtendedAdvertisement} object into bytes with {@link DataElement}s */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] toBytes() {
+        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(getLength());
+
+        // Header
+        buffer.put(ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.constructHeader(getVersion()));
+
+        // Salt
+        buffer.put(mCompleteDataElementsBytes.get(0));
+
+        // Identity
+        buffer.put(mCompleteDataElementsBytes.get(1));
+
+        List<Byte> rawDataBytes = new ArrayList<>();
+        // Data Elements (Already includes salt and identity)
+        for (int i = 2; i < mCompleteDataElementsBytes.size(); i++) {
+            byte[] dataElementBytes = mCompleteDataElementsBytes.get(i);
+            for (Byte b : dataElementBytes) {
+                rawDataBytes.add(b);
+            }
+        }
+
+        byte[] dataElements = new byte[rawDataBytes.size()];
+        for (int i = 0; i < rawDataBytes.size(); i++) {
+            dataElements[i] = rawDataBytes.get(i);
+        }
+
+        buffer.put(
+                getCryptor(/* encrypt= */ true).encrypt(dataElements, getSalt(), mAuthenticityKey));
+
+        buffer.put(mHmacTag);
+
+        return buffer.array();
+    }
+
+    /** Deserialize from bytes into an {@link ExtendedAdvertisement} object.
+     * {@code null} when there is something when parsing.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static ExtendedAdvertisement fromBytes(byte[] bytes, PublicCredential publicCredential) {
+        @BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion
+        int version = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getVersion(bytes);
+        if (version != PresenceBroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "ExtendedAdvertisement is used in V1 only and version is " + version);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        byte[] authenticityKey = publicCredential.getAuthenticityKey();
+
+        int index = HEADER_LENGTH;
+        // Salt
+        byte[] saltHeaderArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getDataElementHeader(bytes, index);
+        DataElementHeader saltHeader = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(version, saltHeaderArray);
+        if (saltHeader == null || saltHeader.getDataType() != DataElement.DataType.SALT) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "First data element has to be salt.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        index += saltHeaderArray.length;
+        byte[] salt = new byte[saltHeader.getDataLength()];
+        for (int i = 0; i < saltHeader.getDataLength(); i++) {
+            salt[i] = bytes[index++];
+        }
+
+        // Identity
+        byte[] identityHeaderArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getDataElementHeader(bytes, index);
+        DataElementHeader identityHeader =
+                DataElementHeader.fromBytes(version, identityHeaderArray);
+        if (identityHeader == null) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "The second element has to be identity.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        index += identityHeaderArray.length;
+        @PresenceCredential.IdentityType int identityType =
+                toPresenceCredentialIdentityType(identityHeader.getDataType());
+        if (identityType == PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "The identity type is unknown.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        byte[] encryptedIdentity = new byte[identityHeader.getDataLength()];
+        for (int i = 0; i < identityHeader.getDataLength(); i++) {
+            encryptedIdentity[i] = bytes[index++];
+        }
+        byte[] identity =
+                CryptorImpIdentityV1
+                        .getInstance().decrypt(encryptedIdentity, salt, authenticityKey);
+
+        Cryptor cryptor = getCryptor(/* encrypt= */ true);
+        byte[] encryptedDataElements =
+                new byte[bytes.length - index - cryptor.getSignatureLength()];
+        // Decrypt other data elements
+        System.arraycopy(bytes, index, encryptedDataElements, 0, encryptedDataElements.length);
+        byte[] decryptedDataElements =
+                cryptor.decrypt(encryptedDataElements, salt, authenticityKey);
+        if (decryptedDataElements == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Verify the computed HMAC tag is equal to HMAC tag in advertisement
+        if (cryptor.getSignatureLength() > 0) {
+            byte[] expectedHmacTag = new byte[cryptor.getSignatureLength()];
+            System.arraycopy(
+                    bytes, bytes.length - cryptor.getSignatureLength(),
+                    expectedHmacTag, 0, cryptor.getSignatureLength());
+            if (!cryptor.verify(decryptedDataElements, authenticityKey, expectedHmacTag)) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "HMAC tags not match.");
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        int dataElementArrayIndex = 0;
+        // Other Data Elements
+        List<Integer> actions = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<DataElement> dataElements = new ArrayList<>();
+        while (dataElementArrayIndex < decryptedDataElements.length) {
+            byte[] deHeaderArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils
+                    .getDataElementHeader(decryptedDataElements, dataElementArrayIndex);
+            DataElementHeader deHeader = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(version, deHeaderArray);
+            dataElementArrayIndex += deHeaderArray.length;
+
+            @DataElement.DataType int type = Objects.requireNonNull(deHeader).getDataType();
+            if (type == DataElement.DataType.ACTION) {
+                if (deHeader.getDataLength() != 1) {
+                    Log.v(TAG, "Action id should only 1 byte.");
+                    return null;
+                }
+                actions.add((int) decryptedDataElements[dataElementArrayIndex++]);
+            } else {
+                if (isSaltOrIdentity(type)) {
+                    Log.v(TAG, "Type " + type + " is duplicated. There should be only one salt"
+                            + " and one identity in the advertisement.");
+                    return null;
+                }
+                byte[] deData = new byte[deHeader.getDataLength()];
+                for (int i = 0; i < deHeader.getDataLength(); i++) {
+                    deData[i] = decryptedDataElements[dataElementArrayIndex++];
+                }
+                dataElements.add(new DataElement(type, deData));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return new ExtendedAdvertisement(identityType, identity, salt, authenticityKey, actions,
+                dataElements);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the {@link DataElement}s in the advertisement. */
+    public List<DataElement> getDataElements() {
+        return new ArrayList<>(mDataElements);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the {@link DataElement}s in the advertisement according to the key. */
+    public List<DataElement> getDataElements(@DataElement.DataType int key) {
+        List<DataElement> res = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (DataElement dataElement : mDataElements) {
+            if (key == dataElement.getKey()) {
+                res.add(dataElement);
+            }
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return String.format(
+                "ExtendedAdvertisement:"
+                        + "<VERSION: %s, length: %s, dataElementCount: %s, identityType: %s,"
+                        + " identity: %s, salt: %s, actions: %s>",
+                getVersion(),
+                getLength(),
+                getDataElements().size(),
+                getIdentityType(),
+                Arrays.toString(getIdentity()),
+                Arrays.toString(getSalt()),
+                getActions());
+    }
+
+    ExtendedAdvertisement(
+            @PresenceCredential.IdentityType int identityType,
+            byte[] identity,
+            byte[] salt,
+            byte[] authenticityKey,
+            List<Integer> actions,
+            List<DataElement> dataElements) {
+        this.mVersion = BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1;
+        this.mIdentityType = identityType;
+        this.mIdentity = identity;
+        this.mSalt = salt;
+        this.mAuthenticityKey = authenticityKey;
+        this.mActions = actions;
+        this.mDataElements = dataElements;
+        this.mCompleteDataElementsBytes = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        int length = HEADER_LENGTH; // header
+
+        // Salt
+        DataElement saltElement = new DataElement(DataElement.DataType.SALT, salt);
+        byte[] saltByteArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(saltElement);
+        mCompleteDataElementsBytes.add(saltByteArray);
+        length += saltByteArray.length;
+
+        // Identity
+        byte[] encryptedIdentity =
+                CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance().encrypt(identity, salt, authenticityKey);
+        DataElement identityElement = new DataElement(toDataType(identityType), encryptedIdentity);
+        byte[] identityByteArray =
+                ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(identityElement);
+        mCompleteDataElementsBytes.add(identityByteArray);
+        length += identityByteArray.length;
+
+        List<Byte> dataElementBytes = new ArrayList<>();
+        // Intents
+        for (int action : mActions) {
+            DataElement actionElement = new DataElement(DataElement.DataType.ACTION,
+                    new byte[] {(byte) action});
+            byte[] intentByteArray =
+                    ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(actionElement);
+            mCompleteDataElementsBytes.add(intentByteArray);
+            for (Byte b : intentByteArray) {
+                dataElementBytes.add(b);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Data Elements (Extended properties)
+        for (DataElement dataElement : mDataElements) {
+            byte[] deByteArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(dataElement);
+            mCompleteDataElementsBytes.add(deByteArray);
+            for (Byte b : deByteArray) {
+                dataElementBytes.add(b);
+            }
+        }
+
+        byte[] data = new byte[dataElementBytes.size()];
+        for (int i = 0; i < dataElementBytes.size(); i++) {
+            data[i] = dataElementBytes.get(i);
+        }
+        Cryptor cryptor = getCryptor(/* encrypt= */ true);
+        byte[] encryptedDeBytes = cryptor.encrypt(data, salt, authenticityKey);
+
+        length += encryptedDeBytes.length;
+
+        // Signature
+        byte[] hmacTag = Objects.requireNonNull(cryptor.sign(data, authenticityKey));
+        mHmacTag = hmacTag;
+        length += hmacTag.length;
+
+        this.mLength = length;
+    }
+
+    @PresenceCredential.IdentityType
+    private static int toPresenceCredentialIdentityType(@DataElement.DataType int type) {
+        switch (type) {
+            case DataElement.DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY:
+                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+            case DataElement.DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY:
+                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PROVISIONED;
+            case DataElement.DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY:
+                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_TRUSTED;
+            case DataElement.DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY:
+            default:
+                return PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DataElement.DataType
+    private static int toDataType(@PresenceCredential.IdentityType int identityType) {
+        switch (identityType) {
+            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE:
+                return DataElement.DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY;
+            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PROVISIONED:
+                return DataElement.DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY;
+            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_TRUSTED:
+                return DataElement.DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY;
+            case PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
+            default:
+                return DataElement.DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns {@code true} if the given {@link DataElement.DataType} is salt, or one of the
+     * identities. Identities should be able to convert to {@link PresenceCredential.IdentityType}s.
+     */
+    private static boolean isSaltOrIdentity(@DataElement.DataType int type) {
+        return type == DataElement.DataType.SALT || type == DataElement.DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY
+                || type == DataElement.DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY
+                || type == DataElement.DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY
+                || type == DataElement.DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY;
+    }
+
+    private static Cryptor getCryptor(boolean encrypt) {
+        if (encrypt) {
+            Log.d(TAG, "get V1 Cryptor");
+            return CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
+        }
+        Log.d(TAG, "get fake Cryptor");
+        return CryptorImpFake.getInstance();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06d0f2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.presence.ExtendedAdvertisement.HEADER_LENGTH;
+
+import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Provides serialization and deserialization util methods for {@link ExtendedAdvertisement}.
+ */
+public final class ExtendedAdvertisementUtils {
+
+    // Advertisement header related static fields.
+    private static final int VERSION_MASK = 0b11100000;
+    private static final int VERSION_MASK_AFTER_SHIT = 0b00000111;
+    private static final int HEADER_INDEX = 0;
+    private static final int HEADER_VERSION_OFFSET = 5;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs the header of a {@link ExtendedAdvertisement}.
+     * 3 bit version, and 5 bit reserved for future use (RFU).
+     */
+    public static byte constructHeader(@BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion int version) {
+        return (byte) ((version << 5) & VERSION_MASK);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the {@link BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion} from the advertisement
+     * in bytes format. */
+    public static int getVersion(byte[] advertisement) {
+        if (advertisement.length < HEADER_LENGTH) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Advertisement must contain header");
+        }
+        return ((advertisement[HEADER_INDEX] & VERSION_MASK) >> HEADER_VERSION_OFFSET)
+                & VERSION_MASK_AFTER_SHIT;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the {@link DataElementHeader} from the advertisement in bytes format. */
+    public static byte[] getDataElementHeader(byte[] advertisement, int startIndex) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(startIndex < advertisement.length,
+                "Advertisement has no longer data left.");
+        List<Byte> headerBytes = new ArrayList<>();
+        while (startIndex < advertisement.length) {
+            byte current = advertisement[startIndex];
+            headerBytes.add(current);
+            if (!DataElementHeader.isExtending(current)) {
+                int size = headerBytes.size();
+                byte[] res = new byte[size];
+                for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                    res[i] = headerBytes.get(i);
+                }
+                return res;
+            }
+            startIndex++;
+        }
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("There is no end of the DataElement header.");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs {@link DataElement}, including header(s) and actual data element data.
+     *
+     * Suppresses warning because {@link DataElement} checks isValidType in constructor.
+     */
+    @SuppressLint("WrongConstant")
+    public static byte[] convertDataElementToBytes(DataElement dataElement) {
+        @DataElement.DataType int type = dataElement.getKey();
+        byte[] data = dataElement.getValue();
+        DataElementHeader header = new DataElementHeader(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1,
+                type, data.length);
+        byte[] headerByteArray = header.toBytes();
+
+        byte[] res = new byte[headerByteArray.length + data.length];
+        System.arraycopy(headerByteArray, 0, res, 0, headerByteArray.length);
+        System.arraycopy(data, 0, res, headerByteArray.length, data.length);
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    private ExtendedAdvertisementUtils() {}
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/FastAdvertisement.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/FastAdvertisement.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae53ada
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/FastAdvertisement.java
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.PresenceCredential;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
+
+/**
+ * A Nearby Presence advertisement to be advertised on BT4.2 devices.
+ *
+ * <p>Serializable between Java object and bytes formats. Java object is used at the upper scanning
+ * and advertising interface as an abstraction of the actual bytes. Bytes format is used at the
+ * underlying BLE and mDNS stacks, which do necessary slicing and merging based on advertising
+ * capacities.
+ */
+// The fast advertisement is defined in the format below:
+// Header (1 byte) | salt (2 bytes) | identity (14 bytes) | tx_power (1 byte) | actions (1~ bytes)
+// The header contains:
+// version (3 bits) | provision_mode_flag (1 bit) | identity_type (3 bits) |
+// extended_advertisement_mode (1 bit)
+public class FastAdvertisement extends Advertisement {
+
+    private static final int FAST_ADVERTISEMENT_MAX_LENGTH = 24;
+
+    static final byte INVALID_TX_POWER = (byte) 0xFF;
+
+    static final int HEADER_LENGTH = 1;
+
+    static final int SALT_LENGTH = 2;
+
+    static final int IDENTITY_LENGTH = 14;
+
+    static final int TX_POWER_LENGTH = 1;
+
+    private static final int MAX_ACTION_COUNT = 6;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a {@link FastAdvertisement} from a Presence Broadcast Request.
+     */
+    public static FastAdvertisement createFromRequest(PresenceBroadcastRequest request) {
+        byte[] salt = request.getSalt();
+        byte[] identity = request.getCredential().getMetadataEncryptionKey();
+        List<Integer> actions = request.getActions();
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                salt.length == SALT_LENGTH,
+                "FastAdvertisement's salt does not match correct length");
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                identity.length == IDENTITY_LENGTH,
+                "FastAdvertisement's identity does not match correct length");
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                !actions.isEmpty(), "FastAdvertisement must contain at least one action");
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                actions.size() <= MAX_ACTION_COUNT,
+                "FastAdvertisement advertised actions cannot exceed max count " + MAX_ACTION_COUNT);
+
+        return new FastAdvertisement(
+                request.getCredential().getIdentityType(),
+                identity,
+                salt,
+                actions,
+                (byte) request.getTxPower());
+    }
+
+    /** Serialize a {@link FastAdvertisement} object into bytes. */
+    @Override
+    public byte[] toBytes() {
+        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(getLength());
+
+        buffer.put(FastAdvertisementUtils.constructHeader(getVersion(), mIdentityType));
+        buffer.put(mSalt);
+        buffer.put(getIdentity());
+
+        buffer.put(mTxPower == null ? INVALID_TX_POWER : mTxPower);
+        for (int action : mActions) {
+            buffer.put((byte) action);
+        }
+        return buffer.array();
+    }
+
+    private final int mLtvFieldCount;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private final Byte mTxPower;
+
+    FastAdvertisement(
+            @PresenceCredential.IdentityType int identityType,
+            byte[] identity,
+            byte[] salt,
+            List<Integer> actions,
+            @Nullable Byte txPower) {
+        this.mVersion = BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0;
+        this.mIdentityType = identityType;
+        this.mIdentity = identity;
+        this.mSalt = salt;
+        this.mActions = actions;
+        this.mTxPower = txPower;
+        int ltvFieldCount = 3;
+        int length =
+                HEADER_LENGTH // header
+                        + identity.length
+                        + salt.length
+                        + actions.size();
+        length += TX_POWER_LENGTH;
+        if (txPower != null) { // TX power
+            ltvFieldCount += 1;
+        }
+        this.mLength = length;
+        this.mLtvFieldCount = ltvFieldCount;
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                length <= FAST_ADVERTISEMENT_MAX_LENGTH,
+                "FastAdvertisement exceeds maximum length");
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the adjusted TX Power in the advertisement. Null if not available. */
+    @Nullable
+    public Byte getTxPower() {
+        return mTxPower;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the count of LTV fields in the advertisement. */
+    public int getLtvFieldCount() {
+        return mLtvFieldCount;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return String.format(
+                "FastAdvertisement:<VERSION: %s, length: %s, ltvFieldCount: %s, identityType: %s,"
+                        + " identity: %s, salt: %s, actions: %s, txPower: %s",
+                getVersion(),
+                getLength(),
+                getLtvFieldCount(),
+                getIdentityType(),
+                Arrays.toString(getIdentity()),
+                Arrays.toString(getSalt()),
+                getActions(),
+                getTxPower());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/FastAdvertisementUtils.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/FastAdvertisementUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab0a246
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/FastAdvertisementUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+
+/**
+ * Provides serialization and deserialization util methods for {@link FastAdvertisement}.
+ */
+public final class FastAdvertisementUtils {
+
+    private static final int VERSION_MASK = 0b11100000;
+
+    private static final int IDENTITY_TYPE_MASK = 0b00001110;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs the header of a {@link FastAdvertisement}.
+     */
+    public static byte constructHeader(@BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion int version,
+            int identityType) {
+        return (byte) (((version << 5) & VERSION_MASK) | ((identityType << 1)
+                & IDENTITY_TYPE_MASK));
+    }
+
+    private FastAdvertisementUtils() {}
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceConstants.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceConstants.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c355df2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceConstants.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothUuids.to128BitUuid;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Constants for Nearby Presence operations.
+ */
+public class PresenceConstants {
+
+    /** Presence advertisement service data uuid. */
+    public static final UUID PRESENCE_UUID = to128BitUuid((short) 0xFCF1);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceDiscoveryResult.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceDiscoveryResult.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b1bdb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceDiscoveryResult.java
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+import android.nearby.PresenceDevice;
+import android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.util.ArraySet;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/** Represents a Presence discovery result. */
+public class PresenceDiscoveryResult {
+
+    /** Creates a {@link PresenceDiscoveryResult} from the scan data. */
+    public static PresenceDiscoveryResult fromDevice(NearbyDeviceParcelable device) {
+        PresenceDevice presenceDevice = device.getPresenceDevice();
+        if (presenceDevice != null) {
+            return new PresenceDiscoveryResult.Builder()
+                    .setTxPower(device.getTxPower())
+                    .setRssi(device.getRssi())
+                    .setSalt(presenceDevice.getSalt())
+                    .setPublicCredential(device.getPublicCredential())
+                    .addExtendedProperties(presenceDevice.getExtendedProperties())
+                    .setEncryptedIdentityTag(device.getEncryptionKeyTag())
+                    .build();
+        }
+        byte[] salt = device.getSalt();
+        if (salt == null) {
+            salt = new byte[0];
+        }
+
+        PresenceDiscoveryResult.Builder builder = new PresenceDiscoveryResult.Builder();
+        builder.setTxPower(device.getTxPower())
+                .setRssi(device.getRssi())
+                .setSalt(salt)
+                .addPresenceAction(device.getAction())
+                .setPublicCredential(device.getPublicCredential());
+        if (device.getPresenceDevice() != null) {
+            builder.addExtendedProperties(device.getPresenceDevice().getExtendedProperties());
+        }
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    private final int mTxPower;
+    private final int mRssi;
+    private final byte[] mSalt;
+    private final List<Integer> mPresenceActions;
+    private final PublicCredential mPublicCredential;
+    private final List<DataElement> mExtendedProperties;
+    private final byte[] mEncryptedIdentityTag;
+
+    private PresenceDiscoveryResult(
+            int txPower,
+            int rssi,
+            byte[] salt,
+            List<Integer> presenceActions,
+            PublicCredential publicCredential,
+            List<DataElement> extendedProperties,
+            byte[] encryptedIdentityTag) {
+        mTxPower = txPower;
+        mRssi = rssi;
+        mSalt = salt;
+        mPresenceActions = presenceActions;
+        mPublicCredential = publicCredential;
+        mExtendedProperties = extendedProperties;
+        mEncryptedIdentityTag = encryptedIdentityTag;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns whether the discovery result matches the scan filter. */
+    public boolean matches(PresenceScanFilter scanFilter) {
+        if (accountKeyMatches(scanFilter.getExtendedProperties())) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return pathLossMatches(scanFilter.getMaxPathLoss())
+                && actionMatches(scanFilter.getPresenceActions())
+                && identityMatches(scanFilter.getCredentials());
+    }
+
+    private boolean pathLossMatches(int maxPathLoss) {
+        return (mTxPower - mRssi) <= maxPathLoss;
+    }
+
+    private boolean actionMatches(List<Integer> filterActions) {
+        if (filterActions.isEmpty()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return filterActions.stream().anyMatch(mPresenceActions::contains);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    boolean accountKeyMatches(List<DataElement> extendedProperties) {
+        Set<byte[]> accountKeys = new ArraySet<>();
+        for (DataElement requestedDe : mExtendedProperties) {
+            if (requestedDe.getKey() != DataElement.DataType.ACCOUNT_KEY_DATA) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            accountKeys.add(requestedDe.getValue());
+        }
+        for (DataElement scannedDe : extendedProperties) {
+            if (scannedDe.getKey() != DataElement.DataType.ACCOUNT_KEY_DATA) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            // If one account key matches, then returns true.
+            for (byte[] key : accountKeys) {
+                if (Arrays.equals(key, scannedDe.getValue())) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private boolean identityMatches(List<PublicCredential> publicCredentials) {
+        if (mEncryptedIdentityTag.length == 0) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        for (PublicCredential publicCredential : publicCredentials) {
+            if (Arrays.equals(
+                    mEncryptedIdentityTag, publicCredential.getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag())) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /** Builder for {@link PresenceDiscoveryResult}. */
+    public static class Builder {
+        private int mTxPower;
+        private int mRssi;
+        private byte[] mSalt;
+
+        private PublicCredential mPublicCredential;
+        private final List<Integer> mPresenceActions;
+        private final List<DataElement> mExtendedProperties;
+        private byte[] mEncryptedIdentityTag = new byte[0];
+
+        public Builder() {
+            mPresenceActions = new ArrayList<>();
+            mExtendedProperties = new ArrayList<>();
+        }
+
+        /** Sets the calibrated tx power for the discovery result. */
+        public Builder setTxPower(int txPower) {
+            mTxPower = txPower;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Sets the rssi for the discovery result. */
+        public Builder setRssi(int rssi) {
+            mRssi = rssi;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Sets the salt for the discovery result. */
+        public Builder setSalt(byte[] salt) {
+            mSalt = salt;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Sets the public credential for the discovery result. */
+        public Builder setPublicCredential(PublicCredential publicCredential) {
+            if (publicCredential != null) {
+                mPublicCredential = publicCredential;
+            }
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Sets the encrypted identity tag for the discovery result. Usually it is passed from
+         * {@link NearbyDeviceParcelable} and the tag is calculated with authenticity key when
+         * receiving an advertisement.
+         */
+        public Builder setEncryptedIdentityTag(byte[] encryptedIdentityTag) {
+            mEncryptedIdentityTag = encryptedIdentityTag;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Adds presence action of the discovery result. */
+        public Builder addPresenceAction(int presenceAction) {
+            mPresenceActions.add(presenceAction);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Adds presence {@link DataElement}s of the discovery result. */
+        public Builder addExtendedProperties(DataElement dataElement) {
+            if (dataElement.getKey() == DataElement.DataType.ACTION) {
+                byte[] value = dataElement.getValue();
+                if (value.length == 1) {
+                    addPresenceAction(Byte.toUnsignedInt(value[0]));
+                } else {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "invalid action data element");
+                }
+            } else {
+                mExtendedProperties.add(dataElement);
+            }
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Adds presence {@link DataElement}s of the discovery result. */
+        public Builder addExtendedProperties(@NonNull List<DataElement> dataElements) {
+            for (DataElement dataElement : dataElements) {
+                addExtendedProperties(dataElement);
+            }
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Builds a {@link PresenceDiscoveryResult}. */
+        public PresenceDiscoveryResult build() {
+            return new PresenceDiscoveryResult(
+                    mTxPower, mRssi, mSalt, mPresenceActions,
+                    mPublicCredential, mExtendedProperties, mEncryptedIdentityTag);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceManager.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b2db50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice;
+import android.nearby.NearbyManager;
+import android.nearby.PresenceDevice;
+import android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.nearby.ScanCallback;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+
+/** PresenceManager is the class initiated in nearby service to handle presence related work. */
+public class PresenceManager {
+
+    final LocatorContextWrapper mLocatorContextWrapper;
+    final Locator mLocator;
+    private final IntentFilter mIntentFilter;
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final ScanCallback mScanCallback =
+            new ScanCallback() {
+                @Override
+                public void onDiscovered(@NonNull NearbyDevice device) {
+                    Log.i(TAG, "[PresenceManager] discovered Device.");
+                    PresenceDevice presenceDevice = (PresenceDevice) device;
+                    List<DataElement> dataElements = presenceDevice.getExtendedProperties();
+                    for (DataElement dataElement : dataElements) {
+                        Log.i(TAG, "[PresenceManager] Data Element key "
+                                + dataElement.getKey());
+                        Log.i(TAG, "[PresenceManager] Data Element value "
+                                + Arrays.toString(dataElement.getValue()));
+                    }
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public void onUpdated(@NonNull NearbyDevice device) {}
+
+                @Override
+                public void onLost(@NonNull NearbyDevice device) {}
+            };
+
+    private final BroadcastReceiver mScreenBroadcastReceiver =
+            new BroadcastReceiver() {
+                @Override
+                public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+                    NearbyManager manager = getNearbyManager();
+                    if (manager == null) {
+                        Log.e(TAG, "Nearby Manager is null");
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON)) {
+                        Log.d(TAG, "PresenceManager Start scan.");
+                        PublicCredential publicCredential =
+                                new PublicCredential.Builder(new byte[]{1}, new byte[]{1},
+                                        new byte[]{1}, new byte[]{1}, new byte[]{1}).build();
+                        PresenceScanFilter presenceScanFilter =
+                                new PresenceScanFilter.Builder()
+                                        .setMaxPathLoss(3)
+                                        .addCredential(publicCredential)
+                                        .addPresenceAction(1)
+                                        .addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(
+                                                DataElement.DataType.ACCOUNT_KEY_DATA,
+                                                new byte[16]))
+                                        .build();
+                        ScanRequest scanRequest =
+                                new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                                        .setScanType(ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE)
+                                        .addScanFilter(presenceScanFilter)
+                                        .build();
+                        Log.d(
+                                TAG,
+                                String.format(
+                                        Locale.getDefault(),
+                                        "[PresenceManager] Start Presence scan with request: %s",
+                                        scanRequest.toString()));
+                        manager.startScan(
+                                scanRequest, Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(), mScanCallback);
+                    } else if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF)) {
+                        Log.d(TAG, "PresenceManager Stop scan.");
+                        manager.stopScan(mScanCallback);
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+
+    public PresenceManager(LocatorContextWrapper contextWrapper) {
+        mLocatorContextWrapper = contextWrapper;
+        mLocator = mLocatorContextWrapper.getLocator();
+        mIntentFilter = new IntentFilter();
+    }
+
+    /** Null when the Nearby Service is not available. */
+    @Nullable
+    private NearbyManager getNearbyManager() {
+        return (NearbyManager)
+                mLocatorContextWrapper
+                        .getApplicationContext()
+                        .getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE);
+    }
+
+    /** Function called when nearby service start. */
+    public void initiate() {
+        mIntentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON);
+        mIntentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
+        mLocatorContextWrapper
+                .getContext()
+                .registerReceiver(mScreenBroadcastReceiver, mIntentFilter);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/AbstractDiscoveryProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/AbstractDiscoveryProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f136695
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/AbstractDiscoveryProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+import android.nearby.ScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/**
+ * Base class for all discovery providers.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public abstract class AbstractDiscoveryProvider {
+
+    protected final Context mContext;
+    protected final DiscoveryProviderController mController;
+    protected final Executor mExecutor;
+    protected Listener mListener;
+    protected List<ScanFilter> mScanFilters;
+
+    /** Interface for listening to discovery providers. */
+    public interface Listener {
+        /**
+         * Called when a provider has a new nearby device available. May be invoked from any thread.
+         */
+        void onNearbyDeviceDiscovered(NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDevice);
+    }
+
+    protected AbstractDiscoveryProvider(Context context, Executor executor) {
+        mContext = context;
+        mExecutor = executor;
+        mController = new Controller();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback invoked when the provider is started, and signals that other callback invocations
+     * can now be expected. Always implies that the provider request is set to the empty request.
+     * Always invoked on the provider executor.
+     */
+    protected void onStart() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Callback invoked when the provider is stopped, and signals that no further callback
+     * invocations will occur (until a further call to {@link #onStart()}. Always invoked on the
+     * provider executor.
+     */
+    protected void onStop() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Callback invoked to inform the provider of a new provider request which replaces any prior
+     * provider request. Always invoked on the provider executor.
+     */
+    protected void invalidateScanMode() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the controller for this discovery provider. Should never be invoked by subclasses,
+     * as a discovery provider should not be controlling itself. Using this method from subclasses
+     * could also result in deadlock.
+     */
+    protected DiscoveryProviderController getController() {
+        return mController;
+    }
+
+    private class Controller implements DiscoveryProviderController {
+
+        private boolean mStarted = false;
+        private @ScanRequest.ScanMode int mScanMode;
+
+        @Override
+        public void setListener(@Nullable Listener listener) {
+            mListener = listener;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isStarted() {
+            return mStarted;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void start() {
+            if (mStarted) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "Provider already started.");
+                return;
+            }
+            mStarted = true;
+            mExecutor.execute(AbstractDiscoveryProvider.this::onStart);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void stop() {
+            if (!mStarted) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "Provider already stopped.");
+                return;
+            }
+            mStarted = false;
+            mExecutor.execute(AbstractDiscoveryProvider.this::onStop);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void setProviderScanMode(@ScanRequest.ScanMode int scanMode) {
+            if (mScanMode == scanMode) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "Provider already in desired scan mode.");
+                return;
+            }
+            mScanMode = scanMode;
+            mExecutor.execute(AbstractDiscoveryProvider.this::invalidateScanMode);
+        }
+
+        @ScanRequest.ScanMode
+        @Override
+        public int getProviderScanMode() {
+            return mScanMode;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void setProviderScanFilters(List<ScanFilter> filters) {
+            mScanFilters = filters;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8537872
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.presence.PresenceConstants.PRESENCE_UUID;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertisingSet;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertisingSetCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertisingSetParameters;
+import android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastCallback;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.injector.Injector;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/**
+ * A provider for Bluetooth Low Energy advertisement.
+ */
+public class BleBroadcastProvider extends AdvertiseCallback {
+
+    /**
+     * Listener for Broadcast status changes.
+     */
+    interface BroadcastListener {
+        void onStatusChanged(int status);
+    }
+
+    private final Injector mInjector;
+    private final Executor mExecutor;
+
+    private BroadcastListener mBroadcastListener;
+    private boolean mIsAdvertising;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    AdvertisingSetCallback mAdvertisingSetCallback;
+    BleBroadcastProvider(Injector injector, Executor executor) {
+        mInjector = injector;
+        mExecutor = executor;
+        mAdvertisingSetCallback = getAdvertisingSetCallback();
+    }
+
+    void start(@BroadcastRequest.BroadcastVersion int version, byte[] advertisementPackets,
+            BroadcastListener listener) {
+        if (mIsAdvertising) {
+            stop();
+        }
+        boolean advertiseStarted = false;
+        BluetoothAdapter adapter = mInjector.getBluetoothAdapter();
+        if (adapter != null) {
+            BluetoothLeAdvertiser bluetoothLeAdvertiser =
+                    mInjector.getBluetoothAdapter().getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();
+            if (bluetoothLeAdvertiser != null) {
+                advertiseStarted = true;
+                AdvertiseData advertiseData =
+                        new AdvertiseData.Builder()
+                                .addServiceData(new ParcelUuid(PRESENCE_UUID),
+                                        advertisementPackets).build();
+                try {
+                    mBroadcastListener = listener;
+                    switch (version) {
+                        case BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0:
+                            bluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(getAdvertiseSettings(),
+                                    advertiseData, this);
+                            break;
+                        case BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1:
+                            if (adapter.isLeExtendedAdvertisingSupported()) {
+                                bluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertisingSet(
+                                        getAdvertisingSetParameters(),
+                                        advertiseData,
+                                        null, null, null, mAdvertisingSetCallback);
+                            } else {
+                                Log.w(TAG, "Failed to start advertising set because the chipset"
+                                        + " does not supports LE Extended Advertising feature.");
+                                advertiseStarted = false;
+                            }
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            Log.w(TAG, "Failed to start advertising set because the advertisement"
+                                    + " is wrong.");
+                            advertiseStarted = false;
+                    }
+                } catch (NullPointerException | IllegalStateException | SecurityException e) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "Failed to start advertising.", e);
+                    advertiseStarted = false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (!advertiseStarted) {
+            listener.onStatusChanged(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void stop() {
+        if (mIsAdvertising) {
+            BluetoothAdapter adapter = mInjector.getBluetoothAdapter();
+            if (adapter != null) {
+                BluetoothLeAdvertiser bluetoothLeAdvertiser =
+                        mInjector.getBluetoothAdapter().getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();
+                if (bluetoothLeAdvertiser != null) {
+                    bluetoothLeAdvertiser.stopAdvertising(this);
+                    bluetoothLeAdvertiser.stopAdvertisingSet(mAdvertisingSetCallback);
+                }
+            }
+            mBroadcastListener = null;
+            mIsAdvertising = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onStartSuccess(AdvertiseSettings settingsInEffect) {
+        mExecutor.execute(() -> {
+            if (mBroadcastListener != null) {
+                mBroadcastListener.onStatusChanged(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_OK);
+            }
+            mIsAdvertising = true;
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onStartFailure(int errorCode) {
+        if (mBroadcastListener != null) {
+            mBroadcastListener.onStatusChanged(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static AdvertiseSettings getAdvertiseSettings() {
+        return new AdvertiseSettings.Builder()
+                .setAdvertiseMode(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_BALANCED)
+                .setTxPowerLevel(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_MEDIUM)
+                .setConnectable(true)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    private static AdvertisingSetParameters getAdvertisingSetParameters() {
+        return new AdvertisingSetParameters.Builder()
+                .setInterval(AdvertisingSetParameters.INTERVAL_MEDIUM)
+                .setTxPowerLevel(AdvertisingSetParameters.TX_POWER_MEDIUM)
+                .setConnectable(true)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    private AdvertisingSetCallback getAdvertisingSetCallback() {
+        return new AdvertisingSetCallback() {
+            @Override
+            public void onAdvertisingSetStarted(AdvertisingSet advertisingSet,
+                    int txPower, int status) {
+                if (status == AdvertisingSetCallback.ADVERTISE_SUCCESS) {
+                    if (mBroadcastListener != null) {
+                        mBroadcastListener.onStatusChanged(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_OK);
+                    }
+                    mIsAdvertising = true;
+                } else {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Starts advertising failed in status " + status);
+                    if (mBroadcastListener != null) {
+                        mBroadcastListener.onStatusChanged(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleDiscoveryProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleDiscoveryProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d92e63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleDiscoveryProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanRecord;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanSettings;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+import android.nearby.PresenceDevice;
+import android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants;
+import com.android.server.nearby.injector.Injector;
+import com.android.server.nearby.presence.ExtendedAdvertisement;
+import com.android.server.nearby.presence.PresenceConstants;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.ForegroundThread;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpIdentityV1;
+
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/**
+ * Discovery provider that uses Bluetooth Low Energy to do scanning.
+ */
+public class BleDiscoveryProvider extends AbstractDiscoveryProvider {
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final ParcelUuid FAST_PAIR_UUID = new ParcelUuid(Constants.FastPairService.ID);
+    private static final ParcelUuid PRESENCE_UUID = new ParcelUuid(PresenceConstants.PRESENCE_UUID);
+
+    // Don't block the thread as it may be used by other services.
+    private static final Executor NEARBY_EXECUTOR = ForegroundThread.getExecutor();
+    private final Injector mInjector;
+    private android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback mScanCallbackLegacy =
+            new android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback() {
+                @Override
+                public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult scanResult) {
+                }
+                @Override
+                public void onScanFailed(int errorCode) {
+                }
+            };
+    private android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback mScanCallback =
+            new android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback() {
+                @Override
+                public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult scanResult) {
+                    NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder builder = new NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder();
+                    builder.setMedium(NearbyDevice.Medium.BLE)
+                            .setRssi(scanResult.getRssi())
+                            .setTxPower(scanResult.getTxPower())
+                            .setBluetoothAddress(scanResult.getDevice().getAddress());
+
+                    ScanRecord record = scanResult.getScanRecord();
+                    if (record != null) {
+                        String deviceName = record.getDeviceName();
+                        if (deviceName != null) {
+                            builder.setName(record.getDeviceName());
+                        }
+                        Map<ParcelUuid, byte[]> serviceDataMap = record.getServiceData();
+                        if (serviceDataMap != null) {
+                            byte[] fastPairData = serviceDataMap.get(FAST_PAIR_UUID);
+                            if (fastPairData != null) {
+                                builder.setData(serviceDataMap.get(FAST_PAIR_UUID));
+                            } else {
+                                byte[] presenceData = serviceDataMap.get(PRESENCE_UUID);
+                                if (presenceData != null) {
+                                    setPresenceDevice(presenceData, builder);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    mExecutor.execute(() -> mListener.onNearbyDeviceDiscovered(builder.build()));
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public void onScanFailed(int errorCode) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "BLE 5.0 Scan failed with error code " + errorCode);
+                }
+            };
+
+    public BleDiscoveryProvider(Context context, Injector injector) {
+        super(context, NEARBY_EXECUTOR);
+        mInjector = injector;
+    }
+
+    private static PresenceDevice getPresenceDevice(ExtendedAdvertisement advertisement) {
+        // TODO(238458326): After implementing encryption, use real data.
+        byte[] secretIdBytes = new byte[0];
+        PresenceDevice.Builder builder =
+                new PresenceDevice.Builder(
+                        String.valueOf(advertisement.hashCode()),
+                        advertisement.getSalt(),
+                        secretIdBytes,
+                        advertisement.getIdentity())
+                        .addMedium(NearbyDevice.Medium.BLE);
+        for (int i : advertisement.getActions()) {
+            builder.addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(DataElement.DataType.ACTION,
+                    new byte[]{(byte) i}));
+        }
+        for (DataElement dataElement : advertisement.getDataElements()) {
+            builder.addExtendedProperty(dataElement);
+        }
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    private static List<ScanFilter> getScanFilters() {
+        List<ScanFilter> scanFilterList = new ArrayList<>();
+        scanFilterList.add(
+                new ScanFilter.Builder()
+                        .setServiceData(FAST_PAIR_UUID, new byte[]{0}, new byte[]{0})
+                        .build());
+        scanFilterList.add(
+                new ScanFilter.Builder()
+                        .setServiceData(PRESENCE_UUID, new byte[]{0}, new byte[]{0})
+                        .build());
+        return scanFilterList;
+    }
+
+    private boolean isBleAvailable() {
+        BluetoothAdapter adapter = mInjector.getBluetoothAdapter();
+        if (adapter == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return adapter.getBluetoothLeScanner() != null;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private BluetoothLeScanner getBleScanner() {
+        BluetoothAdapter adapter = mInjector.getBluetoothAdapter();
+        if (adapter == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return adapter.getBluetoothLeScanner();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onStart() {
+        if (isBleAvailable()) {
+            Log.d(TAG, "BleDiscoveryProvider started");
+            startScan(getScanFilters(), getScanSettings(/* legacy= */ false), mScanCallback);
+            startScan(getScanFilters(), getScanSettings(/* legacy= */ true), mScanCallbackLegacy);
+            return;
+        }
+        Log.w(TAG, "Cannot start BleDiscoveryProvider because Ble is not available.");
+        mController.stop();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onStop() {
+        BluetoothLeScanner bluetoothLeScanner = getBleScanner();
+        if (bluetoothLeScanner == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "BleDiscoveryProvider failed to stop BLE scanning "
+                    + "because BluetoothLeScanner is null.");
+            return;
+        }
+        Log.v(TAG, "Ble scan stopped.");
+        bluetoothLeScanner.stopScan(mScanCallback);
+        bluetoothLeScanner.stopScan(mScanCallbackLegacy);
+        if (mScanFilters != null) {
+            mScanFilters.clear();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void invalidateScanMode() {
+        onStop();
+        onStart();
+    }
+
+    private void startScan(
+            List<ScanFilter> scanFilters, ScanSettings scanSettings,
+            android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback scanCallback) {
+        try {
+            BluetoothLeScanner bluetoothLeScanner = getBleScanner();
+            if (bluetoothLeScanner == null) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "BleDiscoveryProvider failed to start BLE scanning "
+                        + "because BluetoothLeScanner is null.");
+                return;
+            }
+            bluetoothLeScanner.startScan(scanFilters, scanSettings, scanCallback);
+        } catch (NullPointerException | IllegalStateException | SecurityException e) {
+            // NullPointerException:
+            //   - Commonly, on Blackberry devices. b/73299795
+            //   - Rarely, on other devices. b/75285249
+            // IllegalStateException:
+            // Caused if we call BluetoothLeScanner.startScan() after Bluetooth has turned off.
+            // SecurityException:
+            // refer to b/177380884
+            Log.w(TAG, "BleDiscoveryProvider failed to start BLE scanning.", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private ScanSettings getScanSettings(boolean legacy) {
+        int bleScanMode = ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER;
+        switch (mController.getProviderScanMode()) {
+            case ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY:
+                bleScanMode = ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY;
+                break;
+            case ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_BALANCED:
+                bleScanMode = ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_BALANCED;
+                break;
+            case ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER:
+                bleScanMode = ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER;
+                break;
+            case ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_NO_POWER:
+                bleScanMode = ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_OPPORTUNISTIC;
+                break;
+        }
+        return new ScanSettings.Builder().setScanMode(bleScanMode).setLegacy(legacy).build();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    ScanCallback getScanCallback() {
+        return mScanCallback;
+    }
+
+    private void setPresenceDevice(byte[] data, NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder builder) {
+        for (android.nearby.ScanFilter scanFilter : mScanFilters) {
+            if (scanFilter instanceof PresenceScanFilter) {
+                // Iterate all possible authenticity key and identity combinations to decrypt
+                // advertisement
+                PresenceScanFilter presenceFilter = (PresenceScanFilter) scanFilter;
+                for (PublicCredential credential : presenceFilter.getCredentials()) {
+                    ExtendedAdvertisement advertisement =
+                            ExtendedAdvertisement.fromBytes(data, credential);
+                    if (advertisement == null) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if (CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance().verify(
+                            advertisement.getIdentity(),
+                            credential.getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag())) {
+                        builder.setPresenceDevice(getPresenceDevice(advertisement));
+                        builder.setEncryptionKeyTag(credential.getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag());
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BroadcastProviderManager.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BroadcastProviderManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..400f936
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BroadcastProviderManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.SUPPORT_TEST_APP;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastCallback;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.IBroadcastListener;
+import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.NearbyConfiguration;
+import com.android.server.nearby.injector.Injector;
+import com.android.server.nearby.presence.Advertisement;
+import com.android.server.nearby.presence.ExtendedAdvertisement;
+import com.android.server.nearby.presence.FastAdvertisement;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.ForegroundThread;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/**
+ * A manager for nearby broadcasts.
+ */
+public class BroadcastProviderManager implements BleBroadcastProvider.BroadcastListener {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "BroadcastProvider";
+
+    private final Object mLock;
+    private final BleBroadcastProvider mBleBroadcastProvider;
+    private final Executor mExecutor;
+    private final NearbyConfiguration mNearbyConfiguration;
+
+    private IBroadcastListener mBroadcastListener;
+
+    public BroadcastProviderManager(Context context, Injector injector) {
+        this(ForegroundThread.getExecutor(),
+                new BleBroadcastProvider(injector, ForegroundThread.getExecutor()));
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    BroadcastProviderManager(Executor executor, BleBroadcastProvider bleBroadcastProvider) {
+        mExecutor = executor;
+        mBleBroadcastProvider = bleBroadcastProvider;
+        mLock = new Object();
+        mNearbyConfiguration = new NearbyConfiguration();
+        mBroadcastListener = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts a nearby broadcast, the callback is sent through the given listener.
+     */
+    public void startBroadcast(BroadcastRequest broadcastRequest, IBroadcastListener listener) {
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            mExecutor.execute(() -> {
+                if (!SUPPORT_TEST_APP) {
+                    NearbyConfiguration configuration = new NearbyConfiguration();
+                    if (!configuration.isPresenceBroadcastLegacyEnabled()) {
+                        reportBroadcastStatus(listener, BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (broadcastRequest.getType() != BroadcastRequest.BROADCAST_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE) {
+                    reportBroadcastStatus(listener, BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
+                    return;
+                }
+                PresenceBroadcastRequest presenceBroadcastRequest =
+                        (PresenceBroadcastRequest) broadcastRequest;
+                Advertisement advertisement = getAdvertisement(presenceBroadcastRequest);
+                if (advertisement == null) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Failed to start broadcast because broadcastRequest is illegal.");
+                    reportBroadcastStatus(listener, BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
+                    return;
+                }
+                mBroadcastListener = listener;
+                mBleBroadcastProvider.start(presenceBroadcastRequest.getVersion(),
+                        advertisement.toBytes(), this);
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private Advertisement getAdvertisement(PresenceBroadcastRequest request) {
+        switch (request.getVersion()) {
+            case BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0:
+                return FastAdvertisement.createFromRequest(request);
+            case BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1:
+                return ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(request);
+            default:
+                return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stops the nearby broadcast.
+     */
+    public void stopBroadcast(IBroadcastListener listener) {
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            if (!SUPPORT_TEST_APP && !mNearbyConfiguration.isPresenceBroadcastLegacyEnabled()) {
+                reportBroadcastStatus(listener, BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
+                return;
+            }
+            mBroadcastListener = null;
+            mExecutor.execute(() -> mBleBroadcastProvider.stop());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onStatusChanged(int status) {
+        IBroadcastListener listener = null;
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            listener = mBroadcastListener;
+        }
+        // Don't invoke callback while holding the local lock, as this could cause deadlock.
+        if (listener != null) {
+            reportBroadcastStatus(listener, status);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void reportBroadcastStatus(IBroadcastListener listener, int status) {
+        try {
+            listener.onStatusChanged(status);
+        } catch (RemoteException exception) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "remote exception when reporting status");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreCommunication.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreCommunication.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a3c559
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreCommunication.java
@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubClient;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubClientCallback;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubInfo;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubManager;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubTransaction;
+import android.hardware.location.NanoAppMessage;
+import android.hardware.location.NanoAppState;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.injector.Injector;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/**
+ * Responsible for setting up communication with the appropriate contexthub on the device and
+ * handling nanoapp messages to / from it.
+ */
+public class ChreCommunication extends ContextHubClientCallback {
+
+    /** Callback that receives messages forwarded from the context hub. */
+    public interface ContextHubCommsCallback {
+        /** Indicates whether {@link ChreCommunication} was started successfully. */
+        void started(boolean success);
+
+        /** Indicates the ContextHub has been restarted. */
+        void onHubReset();
+
+        /**
+         * Indicates the given {@code nanoAppId} has been restarted. Either via code download or by
+         * being enabled by CHRE.
+         */
+        void onNanoAppRestart(long nanoAppId);
+
+        /** Indicates a new {@link NanoAppMessage} has been received. */
+        void onMessageFromNanoApp(NanoAppMessage message);
+    }
+
+    private final Injector mInjector;
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final Executor mExecutor;
+
+    private boolean mStarted = false;
+    @Nullable private ContextHubCommsCallback mCallback;
+    @Nullable private ContextHubClient mContextHubClient;
+
+    public ChreCommunication(Injector injector, Context context, Executor executor) {
+        mInjector = injector;
+        mContext = context;
+        mExecutor = executor;
+    }
+
+    public boolean available() {
+        return mContextHubClient != null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts communication with the contexthub. This will invoke {@link
+     * ContextHubCommsCallback#start(boolean)} on completion.
+     *
+     * @param nanoAppIds - List of IDs that must have at least one match inside the chosen
+     *     contexthub.
+     */
+    public synchronized void start(ContextHubCommsCallback callback, Set<Long> nanoAppIds) {
+        ContextHubManager manager = mInjector.getContextHubManager();
+        if (manager == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "ContexHub not available in this device");
+            return;
+        } else {
+            Log.i(TAG, "[ChreCommunication] Start ChreCommunication");
+        }
+        Preconditions.checkNotNull(callback);
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(!nanoAppIds.isEmpty());
+        if (mStarted) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "ChreCommunication already started");
+            this.mCallback.started(true);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Use this to indicate whether stop was called before the transaction below
+        // completes.
+        mStarted = true;
+        this.mCallback = callback;
+
+        List<ContextHubInfo> contextHubs = manager.getContextHubs();
+
+        // Make a copy of the list so we can modify it during our async callbacks (in case the code
+        // is still iterating)
+        List<ContextHubInfo> validContextHubs = new ArrayList<>(contextHubs);
+
+        for (ContextHubInfo info : contextHubs) {
+            ContextHubTransaction<List<NanoAppState>> transaction = manager.queryNanoApps(info);
+            Log.i(TAG, "After query Nano Apps ");
+            transaction.setOnCompleteListener(
+                    new OnQueryCompleteListener(info, validContextHubs, nanoAppIds, manager),
+                    mExecutor);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Closes the connection to the {@link ContextHub} chosen during start.
+     *
+     * <p>NOTE: Do not invoke any other methods on this class after this returns.
+     */
+    public synchronized void stop() {
+        if (!mStarted) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mStarted = false;
+        if (mContextHubClient != null) {
+            mContextHubClient.close();
+            mContextHubClient = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Sends a {@link NanoAppMessage} to Context Hub Nearby nanoapp. */
+    public synchronized boolean sendMessageToNanoApp(NanoAppMessage message) {
+        if (mContextHubClient == null) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Error sending message to nanoapp, contextHubClient is null");
+            return false;
+        }
+        int result = mContextHubClient.sendMessageToNanoApp(message);
+        if (result != ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_SUCCESS) {
+            Log.i(
+                    TAG,
+                    String.format(
+                            Locale.getDefault(),
+                            "Error sending message to nanoapp: %s",
+                            contextHubTransactionResultToString(result)));
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void onMessageFromNanoApp(ContextHubClient client, NanoAppMessage message) {
+        mCallback.onMessageFromNanoApp(message);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void onHubReset(ContextHubClient client) {
+        mCallback.onHubReset();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void onNanoAppLoaded(ContextHubClient client, long nanoAppId) {
+        Log.i(TAG, String.format("Nanoapp ID loaded: %s", nanoAppId));
+        mCallback.onNanoAppRestart(nanoAppId);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static String contextHubTransactionResultToString(int result) {
+        switch (result) {
+            case ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_SUCCESS:
+                return "RESULT_SUCCESS";
+            case ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_UNKNOWN:
+                return "RESULT_FAILED_UNKNOWN";
+            case ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_BAD_PARAMS:
+                return "RESULT_FAILED_BAD_PARAMS";
+            case ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_UNINITIALIZED:
+                return "RESULT_FAILED_UNINITIALIZED";
+            case ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_BUSY:
+                return "RESULT_FAILED_BUSY";
+            case ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_AT_HUB:
+                return "RESULT_FAILED_AT_HUB";
+            case ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_TIMEOUT:
+                return "RESULT_FAILED_TIMEOUT";
+            case ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_SERVICE_INTERNAL_FAILURE:
+                return "RESULT_FAILED_SERVICE_INTERNAL_FAILURE";
+            case ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_HAL_UNAVAILABLE:
+                return "RESULT_FAILED_HAL_UNAVAILABLE";
+            default:
+                return String.format(Locale.getDefault(), "UNKNOWN_RESULT value=%d", result);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Used when initializing the class to identify the appropriate {@link ContextHubInfo} to listen
+     * to.
+     */
+    class OnQueryCompleteListener
+            implements ContextHubTransaction.OnCompleteListener<List<NanoAppState>> {
+
+        private final ContextHubInfo mQueriedContextHub;
+        private final List<ContextHubInfo> mContextHubs;
+        private final Set<Long> mNanoAppIds;
+        private final ContextHubManager mManager;
+
+        OnQueryCompleteListener(
+                ContextHubInfo queriedContextHub,
+                List<ContextHubInfo> contextHubs,
+                Set<Long> nanoAppIds,
+                ContextHubManager manager) {
+            this.mQueriedContextHub = queriedContextHub;
+            this.mContextHubs = contextHubs;
+            this.mNanoAppIds = nanoAppIds;
+            this.mManager = manager;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onComplete(
+                ContextHubTransaction<List<NanoAppState>> transaction,
+                ContextHubTransaction.Response<List<NanoAppState>> response) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "query nano app onComplete");
+            // Ensure the class hasn't found a client already or stop hasn't been called before
+            // the transaction completed to avoid messing with state.
+            if (mContextHubClient != null || !mStarted) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (response.getResult() == ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_SUCCESS) {
+                for (NanoAppState state : response.getContents()) {
+                    if (mNanoAppIds.contains(state.getNanoAppId())) {
+                        Log.i(
+                                TAG,
+                                String.format(
+                                        "Found valid contexthub: %s", mQueriedContextHub.getId()));
+                        mContextHubClient = mManager.createClient(mContext, mQueriedContextHub,
+                                mExecutor, ChreCommunication.this);
+                        mCallback.started(true);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                Log.e(
+                        TAG,
+                        String.format(
+                                "Didn't find the nanoapp on contexthub: %s",
+                                mQueriedContextHub.getId()));
+            } else {
+                Log.e(
+                        TAG,
+                        String.format(
+                                "Failed to communicate with contexthub: %s",
+                                mQueriedContextHub.getId()));
+            }
+
+            mContextHubs.remove(mQueriedContextHub);
+            // If this is the last context hub response left to receive, indicate that
+            // there isn't a valid context available on this device.
+            if (mContextHubs.isEmpty()) {
+                mCallback.started(false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab6904f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.hardware.location.NanoAppMessage;
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+import android.nearby.PresenceDevice;
+import android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.nearby.ScanFilter;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+import service.proto.Blefilter;
+
+/** Discovery provider that uses CHRE Nearby Nanoapp to do scanning. */
+public class ChreDiscoveryProvider extends AbstractDiscoveryProvider {
+    // Nanoapp ID reserved for Nearby Presence.
+    /** @hide */
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long NANOAPP_ID = 0x476f6f676c001031L;
+    /** @hide */
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final int NANOAPP_MESSAGE_TYPE_FILTER = 3;
+    /** @hide */
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final int NANOAPP_MESSAGE_TYPE_FILTER_RESULT = 4;
+    /** @hide */
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final int NANOAPP_MESSAGE_TYPE_CONFIG = 5;
+
+    private static final int PRESENCE_UUID = 0xFCF1;
+    private static final int FP_ACCOUNT_KEY_LENGTH = 16;
+
+    private final ChreCommunication mChreCommunication;
+    private final ChreCallback mChreCallback;
+    private boolean mChreStarted = false;
+    private Blefilter.BleFilters mFilters = null;
+    private Context mContext;
+    private final IntentFilter mIntentFilter;
+
+    private final BroadcastReceiver mScreenBroadcastReceiver =
+            new BroadcastReceiver() {
+                @Override
+                public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+                    Log.d(TAG, "[ChreDiscoveryProvider] update nanoapp screen status.");
+                    Boolean screenOn =
+                            intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON) ? true : false;
+                    sendScreenUpdate(screenOn);
+                }
+            };
+
+    public ChreDiscoveryProvider(
+            Context context, ChreCommunication chreCommunication, Executor executor) {
+        super(context, executor);
+        mContext = context;
+        mChreCommunication = chreCommunication;
+        mChreCallback = new ChreCallback();
+        mIntentFilter = new IntentFilter();
+    }
+
+    /** Initialize the CHRE discovery provider. */
+    public void init() {
+        mChreCommunication.start(mChreCallback, Collections.singleton(NANOAPP_ID));
+        mIntentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON);
+        mIntentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
+        mContext.registerReceiver(mScreenBroadcastReceiver, mIntentFilter);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onStart() {
+        Log.d(TAG, "Start CHRE scan");
+        updateFilters();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onStop() {
+        Log.d(TAG, "Stop CHRE scan");
+        mScanFilters.clear();
+        updateFilters();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void invalidateScanMode() {
+        onStop();
+        onStart();
+    }
+
+    public boolean available() {
+        return mChreCommunication.available();
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void updateFilters() {
+        if (mScanFilters == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "ScanFilters not set.");
+            return;
+        }
+        Blefilter.BleFilters.Builder filtersBuilder = Blefilter.BleFilters.newBuilder();
+        for (ScanFilter scanFilter : mScanFilters) {
+            PresenceScanFilter presenceScanFilter = (PresenceScanFilter) scanFilter;
+            Blefilter.BleFilter.Builder filterBuilder = Blefilter.BleFilter.newBuilder();
+            for (PublicCredential credential : presenceScanFilter.getCredentials()) {
+                filterBuilder.addCertficate(toProtoPublicCredential(credential));
+            }
+            for (DataElement dataElement : presenceScanFilter.getExtendedProperties()) {
+                if (dataElement.getKey() == DataElement.DataType.ACCOUNT_KEY_DATA) {
+                    filterBuilder.addDataElement(toProtoDataElement(dataElement));
+                }
+            }
+            if (!presenceScanFilter.getPresenceActions().isEmpty()) {
+                filterBuilder.setIntent(presenceScanFilter.getPresenceActions().get(0));
+            }
+            filtersBuilder.addFilter(filterBuilder.build());
+        }
+        if (mChreStarted) {
+            sendFilters(filtersBuilder.build());
+            mFilters = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Blefilter.PublicateCertificate toProtoPublicCredential(PublicCredential credential) {
+        return Blefilter.PublicateCertificate.newBuilder()
+                        .setAuthenticityKey(ByteString.copyFrom(credential.getAuthenticityKey()))
+                        .setMetadataEncryptionKeyTag(
+                                ByteString.copyFrom(credential.getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag()))
+                        .build();
+    }
+
+    private Blefilter.DataElement toProtoDataElement(DataElement dataElement) {
+        return Blefilter.DataElement.newBuilder()
+                        .setKey(
+                                Blefilter.DataElement.ElementType
+                                        .DE_FAST_PAIR_ACCOUNT_KEY)
+                        .setValue(ByteString.copyFrom(dataElement.getValue()))
+                        .setValueLength(FP_ACCOUNT_KEY_LENGTH)
+                        .build();
+    }
+
+    private void sendFilters(Blefilter.BleFilters filters) {
+        NanoAppMessage message =
+                NanoAppMessage.createMessageToNanoApp(
+                        NANOAPP_ID, NANOAPP_MESSAGE_TYPE_FILTER, filters.toByteArray());
+        if (!mChreCommunication.sendMessageToNanoApp(message)) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to send filters to CHRE.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void sendScreenUpdate(Boolean screenOn) {
+        Blefilter.BleConfig config = Blefilter.BleConfig.newBuilder().setScreenOn(screenOn).build();
+        NanoAppMessage message =
+                NanoAppMessage.createMessageToNanoApp(
+                        NANOAPP_ID, NANOAPP_MESSAGE_TYPE_CONFIG, config.toByteArray());
+        if (!mChreCommunication.sendMessageToNanoApp(message)) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to send config to CHRE.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class ChreCallback implements ChreCommunication.ContextHubCommsCallback {
+
+        @Override
+        public void started(boolean success) {
+            if (success) {
+                synchronized (ChreDiscoveryProvider.this) {
+                    Log.i(TAG, "CHRE communication started");
+                    mChreStarted = true;
+                    if (mFilters != null) {
+                        sendFilters(mFilters);
+                        mFilters = null;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onHubReset() {
+            // TODO(b/221082271): hooked with upper level codes.
+            Log.i(TAG, "CHRE reset.");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onNanoAppRestart(long nanoAppId) {
+            // TODO(b/221082271): hooked with upper level codes.
+            Log.i(TAG, String.format("CHRE NanoApp %d restart.", nanoAppId));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onMessageFromNanoApp(NanoAppMessage message) {
+            if (message.getNanoAppId() != NANOAPP_ID) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Received message from unknown nano app.");
+                return;
+            }
+            if (mListener == null) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "the listener is not set in ChreDiscoveryProvider.");
+                return;
+            }
+            if (message.getMessageType() == NANOAPP_MESSAGE_TYPE_FILTER_RESULT) {
+                try {
+                    Blefilter.BleFilterResults results =
+                            Blefilter.BleFilterResults.parseFrom(message.getMessageBody());
+                    for (Blefilter.BleFilterResult filterResult : results.getResultList()) {
+                        // TODO(b/234653356): There are some duplicate fields set both in
+                        //  PresenceDevice and NearbyDeviceParcelable, cleanup is needed.
+                        byte[] salt = {1};
+                        byte[] secretId = {1};
+                        byte[] authenticityKey = {1};
+                        byte[] publicKey = {1};
+                        byte[] encryptedMetaData = {1};
+                        byte[] encryptedMetaDataTag = {1};
+                        if (filterResult.hasPublicCredential()) {
+                            Blefilter.PublicCredential credential =
+                                    filterResult.getPublicCredential();
+                            secretId = credential.getSecretId().toByteArray();
+                            authenticityKey = credential.getAuthenticityKey().toByteArray();
+                            publicKey = credential.getPublicKey().toByteArray();
+                            encryptedMetaData = credential.getEncryptedMetadata().toByteArray();
+                            encryptedMetaDataTag =
+                                    credential.getEncryptedMetadataTag().toByteArray();
+                        }
+                        PresenceDevice.Builder presenceDeviceBuilder =
+                                new PresenceDevice.Builder(
+                                                String.valueOf(filterResult.hashCode()),
+                                                salt,
+                                                secretId,
+                                                encryptedMetaData)
+                                        .setRssi(filterResult.getRssi())
+                                        .addMedium(NearbyDevice.Medium.BLE);
+                        // Fast Pair account keys added to Data Elements.
+                        for (Blefilter.DataElement element : filterResult.getDataElementList()) {
+                            if (element.getKey()
+                                    == Blefilter.DataElement.ElementType.DE_FAST_PAIR_ACCOUNT_KEY) {
+                                presenceDeviceBuilder.addExtendedProperty(
+                                        new DataElement(
+                                                DataElement.DataType.ACCOUNT_KEY_DATA,
+                                                element.getValue().toByteArray()));
+                            }
+                        }
+                        // BlE address appended to Data Element.
+                        if (filterResult.hasBluetoothAddress()) {
+                            presenceDeviceBuilder.addExtendedProperty(
+                                    new DataElement(
+                                            DataElement.DataType.BLE_ADDRESS,
+                                            filterResult.getBluetoothAddress().toByteArray()));
+                        }
+                        // BLE Service data appended to Data Elements.
+                        if (filterResult.hasBleServiceData()) {
+                            presenceDeviceBuilder.addExtendedProperty(
+                                    new DataElement(
+                                            DataElement.DataType.BLE_SERVICE_DATA,
+                                            filterResult.getBleServiceData().toByteArray()));
+                        }
+
+                        // Add action
+                        if (filterResult.hasIntent()) {
+                            presenceDeviceBuilder.addExtendedProperty(
+                                    new DataElement(
+                                            DataElement.DataType.ACTION,
+                                            new byte[]{(byte) filterResult.getIntent()}));
+                        }
+
+                        PublicCredential publicCredential =
+                                new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                                                secretId,
+                                                authenticityKey,
+                                                publicKey,
+                                                encryptedMetaData,
+                                                encryptedMetaDataTag)
+                                        .build();
+
+                        NearbyDeviceParcelable device =
+                                new NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder()
+                                        .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE)
+                                        .setMedium(NearbyDevice.Medium.BLE)
+                                        .setTxPower(filterResult.getTxPower())
+                                        .setRssi(filterResult.getRssi())
+                                        .setAction(filterResult.getIntent())
+                                        .setPublicCredential(publicCredential)
+                                        .setPresenceDevice(presenceDeviceBuilder.build())
+                                        .setEncryptionKeyTag(encryptedMetaDataTag)
+                                        .build();
+                        mExecutor.execute(() -> mListener.onNearbyDeviceDiscovered(device));
+                    }
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, String.format("Failed to decode the filter result %s", e));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/DiscoveryProviderController.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/DiscoveryProviderController.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa1a874
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/DiscoveryProviderController.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.ScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** Interface for controlling discovery providers. */
+interface DiscoveryProviderController {
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the listener which can expect to receive all state updates from after this point. May be
+     * invoked at any time.
+     */
+    void setListener(@Nullable AbstractDiscoveryProvider.Listener listener);
+
+    /** Returns true if in the started state. */
+    boolean isStarted();
+
+    /**
+     * Starts the discovery provider. Must be invoked before any other method (except {@link
+     * #setListener(AbstractDiscoveryProvider.Listener)} (Listener)}).
+     */
+    void start();
+
+    /**
+     * Stops the discovery provider. No other methods may be invoked after this method (except
+     * {@link #setListener(AbstractDiscoveryProvider.Listener)} (Listener)}), until {@link #start()}
+     * is called again.
+     */
+    void stop();
+
+    /** Sets the desired scan mode. */
+    void setProviderScanMode(@ScanRequest.ScanMode int scanMode);
+
+    /** Gets the controller scan mode. */
+    @ScanRequest.ScanMode
+    int getProviderScanMode();
+
+    /** Sets the scan filters. */
+    void setProviderScanFilters(List<ScanFilter> filters);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/DiscoveryProviderManager.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/DiscoveryProviderManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5311b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/DiscoveryProviderManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.IScanListener;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+import android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.ScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.injector.Injector;
+import com.android.server.nearby.metrics.NearbyMetrics;
+import com.android.server.nearby.presence.PresenceDiscoveryResult;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.identity.CallerIdentity;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions.DiscoveryPermissions;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+/** Manages all aspects of discovery providers. */
+public class DiscoveryProviderManager implements AbstractDiscoveryProvider.Listener {
+    protected final Object mLock = new Object();
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final BleDiscoveryProvider mBleDiscoveryProvider;
+    @Nullable private final ChreDiscoveryProvider mChreDiscoveryProvider;
+    private @ScanRequest.ScanMode int mScanMode;
+    private final Injector mInjector;
+
+    @GuardedBy("mLock")
+    private Map<IBinder, ScanListenerRecord> mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap;
+
+    @Override
+    public void onNearbyDeviceDiscovered(NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDevice) {
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            AppOpsManager appOpsManager = Objects.requireNonNull(mInjector.getAppOpsManager());
+            for (IBinder listenerBinder : mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap.keySet()) {
+                ScanListenerRecord record = mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap.get(listenerBinder);
+                if (record == null) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "DiscoveryProviderManager cannot find the scan record.");
+                    continue;
+                }
+                CallerIdentity callerIdentity = record.getCallerIdentity();
+                if (!DiscoveryPermissions.noteDiscoveryResultDelivery(
+                        appOpsManager, callerIdentity)) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "[DiscoveryProviderManager] scan permission revoked "
+                            + "- not forwarding results");
+                    try {
+                        record.getScanListener().onError();
+                    } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                        Log.w(TAG, "DiscoveryProviderManager failed to report error.", e);
+                    }
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                if (nearbyDevice.getScanType() == SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE) {
+                    List<ScanFilter> presenceFilters =
+                            record.getScanRequest().getScanFilters().stream()
+                                    .filter(
+                                            scanFilter ->
+                                                    scanFilter.getType()
+                                                            == SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE)
+                                    .collect(Collectors.toList());
+                    if (!presenceFilterMatches(nearbyDevice, presenceFilters)) {
+                        Log.d(TAG, "presence filter does not match for "
+                                + "the scanned Presence Device");
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                }
+                try {
+                    record.getScanListener()
+                            .onDiscovered(
+                                    PrivacyFilter.filter(
+                                            record.getScanRequest().getScanType(), nearbyDevice));
+                    NearbyMetrics.logScanDeviceDiscovered(
+                            record.hashCode(), record.getScanRequest(), nearbyDevice);
+                } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "DiscoveryProviderManager failed to report onDiscovered.", e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public DiscoveryProviderManager(Context context, Injector injector) {
+        mContext = context;
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider = new BleDiscoveryProvider(mContext, injector);
+        Executor executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+        mChreDiscoveryProvider =
+                new ChreDiscoveryProvider(
+                        mContext, new ChreCommunication(injector, mContext, executor), executor);
+        mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap = new HashMap<>();
+        mInjector = injector;
+    }
+
+    /** Called after boot completed. */
+    public void init() {
+        if (mInjector.getContextHubManager() != null) {
+            mChreDiscoveryProvider.init();
+        }
+        mChreDiscoveryProvider.getController().setListener(this);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Registers the listener in the manager and starts scan according to the requested scan mode.
+     */
+    public boolean registerScanListener(ScanRequest scanRequest, IScanListener listener,
+            CallerIdentity callerIdentity) {
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            IBinder listenerBinder = listener.asBinder();
+            if (mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap.containsKey(listener.asBinder())) {
+                ScanRequest savedScanRequest =
+                        mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap.get(listenerBinder).getScanRequest();
+                if (scanRequest.equals(savedScanRequest)) {
+                    Log.d(TAG, "Already registered the scanRequest: " + scanRequest);
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+            ScanListenerRecord scanListenerRecord =
+                    new ScanListenerRecord(scanRequest, listener, callerIdentity);
+            mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap.put(listenerBinder, scanListenerRecord);
+
+            if (!startProviders(scanRequest)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            NearbyMetrics.logScanStarted(scanListenerRecord.hashCode(), scanRequest);
+            if (mScanMode < scanRequest.getScanMode()) {
+                mScanMode = scanRequest.getScanMode();
+                invalidateProviderScanMode();
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unregisters the listener in the manager and adjusts the scan mode if necessary afterwards.
+     */
+    public void unregisterScanListener(IScanListener listener) {
+        IBinder listenerBinder = listener.asBinder();
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            if (!mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap.containsKey(listenerBinder)) {
+                Log.w(
+                        TAG,
+                        "Cannot unregister the scanRequest because the request is never "
+                                + "registered.");
+                return;
+            }
+
+            ScanListenerRecord removedRecord =
+                    mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap.remove(listenerBinder);
+            Log.v(TAG, "DiscoveryProviderManager unregistered scan listener.");
+            NearbyMetrics.logScanStopped(removedRecord.hashCode(), removedRecord.getScanRequest());
+            if (mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap.isEmpty()) {
+                Log.v(TAG, "DiscoveryProviderManager stops provider because there is no "
+                        + "scan listener registered.");
+                stopProviders();
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // TODO(b/221082271): updates the scan with reduced filters.
+
+            // Removes current highest scan mode requested and sets the next highest scan mode.
+            if (removedRecord.getScanRequest().getScanMode() == mScanMode) {
+                Log.v(TAG, "DiscoveryProviderManager starts to find the new highest scan mode "
+                        + "because the highest scan mode listener was unregistered.");
+                @ScanRequest.ScanMode int highestScanModeRequested = ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_NO_POWER;
+                // find the next highest scan mode;
+                for (ScanListenerRecord record : mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap.values()) {
+                    @ScanRequest.ScanMode int scanMode = record.getScanRequest().getScanMode();
+                    if (scanMode > highestScanModeRequested) {
+                        highestScanModeRequested = scanMode;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (mScanMode != highestScanModeRequested) {
+                    mScanMode = highestScanModeRequested;
+                    invalidateProviderScanMode();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Returns false when fail to start all the providers. Returns true if any one of the provider
+    // starts successfully.
+    private boolean startProviders(ScanRequest scanRequest) {
+        if (scanRequest.isBleEnabled()) {
+            if (mChreDiscoveryProvider.available()
+                    && scanRequest.getScanType() == SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE) {
+                startChreProvider();
+            } else {
+                startBleProvider();
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private void startBleProvider() {
+        if (!mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController().isStarted()) {
+            Log.d(TAG, "DiscoveryProviderManager starts Ble scanning.");
+            mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController().setListener(this);
+            mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController().setProviderScanMode(mScanMode);
+            mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController().setProviderScanFilters(
+                    getPresenceScanFilters());
+            mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController().start();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void startChreProvider() {
+        Log.d(TAG, "DiscoveryProviderManager starts CHRE scanning.");
+        mChreDiscoveryProvider.getController().setProviderScanFilters(getPresenceScanFilters());
+        mChreDiscoveryProvider.getController().setProviderScanMode(mScanMode);
+        mChreDiscoveryProvider.getController().start();
+    }
+
+    private List<ScanFilter> getPresenceScanFilters() {
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            List<ScanFilter> scanFilters = new ArrayList();
+            for (IBinder listenerBinder : mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap.keySet()) {
+                ScanListenerRecord record = mScanTypeScanListenerRecordMap.get(listenerBinder);
+                List<ScanFilter> presenceFilters =
+                        record.getScanRequest().getScanFilters().stream()
+                                .filter(
+                                        scanFilter ->
+                                                scanFilter.getType() == SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE)
+                                .collect(Collectors.toList());
+                scanFilters.addAll(presenceFilters);
+            }
+            return scanFilters;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void stopProviders() {
+        stopBleProvider();
+        stopChreProvider();
+    }
+
+    private void stopBleProvider() {
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController().stop();
+    }
+
+    private void stopChreProvider() {
+        mChreDiscoveryProvider.getController().stop();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void invalidateProviderScanMode() {
+        if (mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController().isStarted()) {
+            mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController().setProviderScanMode(mScanMode);
+        } else {
+            Log.d(
+                    TAG,
+                    "Skip invalidating BleDiscoveryProvider scan mode because the provider not "
+                            + "started.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static boolean presenceFilterMatches(
+            NearbyDeviceParcelable device, List<ScanFilter> scanFilters) {
+        if (scanFilters.isEmpty()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        PresenceDiscoveryResult discoveryResult = PresenceDiscoveryResult.fromDevice(device);
+        for (ScanFilter scanFilter : scanFilters) {
+            PresenceScanFilter presenceScanFilter = (PresenceScanFilter) scanFilter;
+            if (discoveryResult.matches(presenceScanFilter)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private static class ScanListenerRecord {
+
+        private final ScanRequest mScanRequest;
+
+        private final IScanListener mScanListener;
+
+        private final CallerIdentity mCallerIdentity;
+
+        ScanListenerRecord(ScanRequest scanRequest, IScanListener iScanListener,
+                CallerIdentity callerIdentity) {
+            mScanListener = iScanListener;
+            mScanRequest = scanRequest;
+            mCallerIdentity = callerIdentity;
+        }
+
+        IScanListener getScanListener() {
+            return mScanListener;
+        }
+
+        ScanRequest getScanRequest() {
+            return mScanRequest;
+        }
+
+        CallerIdentity getCallerIdentity() {
+            return mCallerIdentity;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object other) {
+            if (other instanceof ScanListenerRecord) {
+                ScanListenerRecord otherScanListenerRecord = (ScanListenerRecord) other;
+                return Objects.equals(mScanRequest, otherScanListenerRecord.mScanRequest)
+                        && Objects.equals(mScanListener, otherScanListenerRecord.mScanListener);
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hash(mScanListener, mScanRequest);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/FastPairDataProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/FastPairDataProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d925f07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/FastPairDataProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.FastPairDataProviderService;
+import android.nearby.aidl.ByteArrayParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.WorkerThread;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FastPairUploadInfo;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import service.proto.Data;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+
+/**
+ * FastPairDataProvider is a singleton that implements APIs to get FastPair data.
+ */
+public class FastPairDataProvider {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "FastPairDataProvider";
+
+    private static FastPairDataProvider sInstance;
+
+    private ProxyFastPairDataProvider mProxyFastPairDataProvider;
+
+    /**
+     * Initializes FastPairDataProvider singleton.
+     */
+    public static synchronized FastPairDataProvider init(Context context) {
+        if (sInstance == null) {
+            sInstance = new FastPairDataProvider(context);
+        }
+        if (sInstance.mProxyFastPairDataProvider == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "no proxy fast pair data provider found");
+        } else {
+            sInstance.mProxyFastPairDataProvider.register();
+        }
+        return sInstance;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    public static synchronized FastPairDataProvider getInstance() {
+        return sInstance;
+    }
+
+    private FastPairDataProvider(Context context) {
+        mProxyFastPairDataProvider = ProxyFastPairDataProvider.create(
+                context, FastPairDataProviderService.ACTION_FAST_PAIR_DATA_PROVIDER);
+        if (mProxyFastPairDataProvider == null) {
+            Log.d("FastPairService", "fail to initiate the fast pair proxy provider");
+        } else {
+            Log.d("FastPairService", "the fast pair proxy provider initiated");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void setProxyDataProvider(ProxyFastPairDataProvider proxyFastPairDataProvider) {
+        this.mProxyFastPairDataProvider = proxyFastPairDataProvider;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Loads FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalStateException If ProxyFastPairDataProvider is not available.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    @Nullable
+    public Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(byte[] modelId) {
+        if (mProxyFastPairDataProvider != null) {
+            FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel requestParcel =
+                    new FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel();
+            requestParcel.modelId = modelId;
+            return Utils.convertToGetObservedDeviceResponse(
+                    mProxyFastPairDataProvider
+                            .loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(requestParcel));
+        }
+        throw new IllegalStateException("No ProxyFastPairDataProvider yet constructed");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Enrolls an account to Fast Pair.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalStateException If ProxyFastPairDataProvider is not available.
+     */
+    public void optIn(Account account) {
+        if (mProxyFastPairDataProvider != null) {
+            FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel requestParcel =
+                    new FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel();
+            requestParcel.account = account;
+            requestParcel.requestType = FastPairDataProviderService.MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD;
+            mProxyFastPairDataProvider.manageFastPairAccount(requestParcel);
+            return;
+        }
+        throw new IllegalStateException("No ProxyFastPairDataProvider yet constructed");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Uploads the device info to Fast Pair account.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalStateException If ProxyFastPairDataProvider is not available.
+     */
+    public void upload(Account account, FastPairUploadInfo uploadInfo) {
+        if (mProxyFastPairDataProvider != null) {
+            FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel requestParcel =
+                    new FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel();
+            requestParcel.account = account;
+            requestParcel.requestType = FastPairDataProviderService.MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD;
+            requestParcel.accountKeyDeviceMetadata =
+                    Utils.convertToFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(uploadInfo);
+            mProxyFastPairDataProvider.manageFastPairAccountDevice(requestParcel);
+            return;
+        }
+        throw new IllegalStateException("No ProxyFastPairDataProvider yet constructed");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Loads FastPair device accountKeys for a given account, but not other detailed fields.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalStateException If ProxyFastPairDataProvider is not available.
+     */
+    public List<Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey> loadFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey(
+            Account account) {
+        return loadFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey(account, new ArrayList<byte[]>(0));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Loads FastPair devices for a list of accountKeys of a given account.
+     *
+     * @param account The account of the FastPair devices.
+     * @param deviceAccountKeys The allow list of FastPair devices if it is not empty. Otherwise,
+     *                    the function returns accountKeys of all FastPair devices under the
+     *                    account, without detailed fields.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalStateException If ProxyFastPairDataProvider is not available.
+     */
+    public List<Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey> loadFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey(
+            Account account, List<byte[]> deviceAccountKeys) {
+        if (mProxyFastPairDataProvider != null) {
+            FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel requestParcel =
+                    new FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel();
+            requestParcel.account = account;
+            requestParcel.deviceAccountKeys = new ByteArrayParcel[deviceAccountKeys.size()];
+            int i = 0;
+            for (byte[] deviceAccountKey : deviceAccountKeys) {
+                requestParcel.deviceAccountKeys[i] = new ByteArrayParcel();
+                requestParcel.deviceAccountKeys[i].byteArray = deviceAccountKey;
+                i = i + 1;
+            }
+            return Utils.convertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKey(
+                    mProxyFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(requestParcel));
+        }
+        throw new IllegalStateException("No ProxyFastPairDataProvider yet constructed");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Loads FastPair Eligible Accounts.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalStateException If ProxyFastPairDataProvider is not available.
+     */
+    public List<Account> loadFastPairEligibleAccounts() {
+        if (mProxyFastPairDataProvider != null) {
+            FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel requestParcel =
+                    new FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel();
+            return Utils.convertToAccountList(
+                    mProxyFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairEligibleAccounts(requestParcel));
+        }
+        throw new IllegalStateException("No ProxyFastPairDataProvider yet constructed");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/PrivacyFilter.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/PrivacyFilter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c37f68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/PrivacyFilter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+
+/**
+ * Class strips out privacy sensitive data before delivering the callbacks to client.
+ */
+public class PrivacyFilter {
+
+    /**
+     * Strips sensitive data from {@link NearbyDeviceParcelable} according to
+     * different {@link android.nearby.ScanRequest.ScanType}s.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static NearbyDeviceParcelable filter(@ScanRequest.ScanType int scanType,
+            NearbyDeviceParcelable scanResult) {
+        return scanResult;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ProxyFastPairDataProvider.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ProxyFastPairDataProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0ade6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ProxyFastPairDataProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairDataProvider;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairManageAccountCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback;
+import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+
+import androidx.annotation.WorkerThread;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor.CurrentUserServiceProvider;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor.CurrentUserServiceProvider.BoundServiceInfo;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor.ServiceMonitor;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor.ServiceMonitor.ServiceListener;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+
+/**
+ * Proxy for IFastPairDataProvider implementations.
+ */
+public class ProxyFastPairDataProvider implements ServiceListener<BoundServiceInfo> {
+
+    private static final int TIME_OUT_MILLIS = 10000;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates and registers this proxy. If no suitable service is available for the proxy, returns
+     * null.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static ProxyFastPairDataProvider create(Context context, String action) {
+        ProxyFastPairDataProvider proxy = new ProxyFastPairDataProvider(context, action);
+        if (proxy.checkServiceResolves()) {
+            return proxy;
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final ServiceMonitor mServiceMonitor;
+
+    private ProxyFastPairDataProvider(Context context, String action) {
+        // safe to use direct executor since our locks are not acquired in a code path invoked by
+        // our owning provider
+
+        mServiceMonitor = ServiceMonitor.create(context, "FAST_PAIR_DATA_PROVIDER",
+                CurrentUserServiceProvider.create(context, action), this);
+    }
+
+    private boolean checkServiceResolves() {
+        return mServiceMonitor.checkServiceResolves();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * User service watch to connect to actually services implemented by OEMs.
+     */
+    public void register() {
+        mServiceMonitor.register();
+    }
+
+    // Fast Pair Data Provider doesn't maintain a long running state.
+    // Therefore, it doesn't need setup at bind time.
+    @Override
+    public void onBind(IBinder binder, BoundServiceInfo boundServiceInfo) throws RemoteException {
+    }
+
+    // Fast Pair Data Provider doesn't maintain a long running state.
+    // Therefore, it doesn't need tear down at unbind time.
+    @Override
+    public void onUnbind() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Invokes system api loadFastPairEligibleAccounts.
+     *
+     * @return an array of acccounts and their opt in status.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    @Nullable
+    public FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] loadFastPairEligibleAccounts(
+            FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel requestParcel) {
+        final CountDownLatch waitForCompletionLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        final AtomicReference<FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[]> response = new AtomicReference<>();
+        mServiceMonitor.runOnBinder(new ServiceMonitor.BinderOperation() {
+            @Override
+            public void run(IBinder binder) throws RemoteException {
+                IFastPairDataProvider provider = IFastPairDataProvider.Stub.asInterface(binder);
+                IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback callback =
+                        new IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback.Stub() {
+                            public void onFastPairEligibleAccountsReceived(
+                                    FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] accountParcels) {
+                                response.set(accountParcels);
+                                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+
+                            public void onError(int code, String message) {
+                                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+                        };
+                provider.loadFastPairEligibleAccounts(requestParcel, callback);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onError() {
+                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+            }
+        });
+        try {
+            waitForCompletionLatch.await(TIME_OUT_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            // skip.
+        }
+        return response.get();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Invokes system api manageFastPairAccount to opt in account, or opt out account.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    public void manageFastPairAccount(FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel requestParcel) {
+        final CountDownLatch waitForCompletionLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        mServiceMonitor.runOnBinder(new ServiceMonitor.BinderOperation() {
+            @Override
+            public void run(IBinder binder) throws RemoteException {
+                IFastPairDataProvider provider = IFastPairDataProvider.Stub.asInterface(binder);
+                IFastPairManageAccountCallback callback =
+                        new IFastPairManageAccountCallback.Stub() {
+                            public void onSuccess() {
+                                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+
+                            public void onError(int code, String message) {
+                                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+                        };
+                provider.manageFastPairAccount(requestParcel, callback);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onError() {
+                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+            }
+        });
+        try {
+            waitForCompletionLatch.await(TIME_OUT_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            // skip.
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Invokes system api manageFastPairAccountDevice to add or remove a device from a Fast Pair
+     * account.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    public void manageFastPairAccountDevice(
+            FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel requestParcel) {
+        final CountDownLatch waitForCompletionLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        mServiceMonitor.runOnBinder(new ServiceMonitor.BinderOperation() {
+            @Override
+            public void run(IBinder binder) throws RemoteException {
+                IFastPairDataProvider provider = IFastPairDataProvider.Stub.asInterface(binder);
+                IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback callback =
+                        new IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback.Stub() {
+                            public void onSuccess() {
+                                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+
+                            public void onError(int code, String message) {
+                                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+                        };
+                provider.manageFastPairAccountDevice(requestParcel, callback);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onError() {
+                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+            }
+        });
+        try {
+            waitForCompletionLatch.await(TIME_OUT_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            // skip.
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Invokes system api loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.
+     *
+     * @return the Fast Pair AntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata of a given device.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    @Nullable
+    FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+            FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel requestParcel) {
+        final CountDownLatch waitForCompletionLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        final AtomicReference<FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel> response =
+                new AtomicReference<>();
+        mServiceMonitor.runOnBinder(new ServiceMonitor.BinderOperation() {
+            @Override
+            public void run(IBinder binder) throws RemoteException {
+                IFastPairDataProvider provider = IFastPairDataProvider.Stub.asInterface(binder);
+                IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback callback =
+                        new IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback.Stub() {
+                            public void onFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataReceived(
+                                    FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadata) {
+                                response.set(metadata);
+                                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+
+                            public void onError(int code, String message) {
+                                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+                        };
+                provider.loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(requestParcel, callback);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onError() {
+                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+            }
+        });
+        try {
+            waitForCompletionLatch.await(TIME_OUT_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            // skip.
+        }
+        return response.get();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Invokes loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata.
+     *
+     * @return the metadata of Fast Pair devices that are associated with a given account.
+     */
+    @WorkerThread
+    @Nullable
+    FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+            FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel requestParcel) {
+        final CountDownLatch waitForCompletionLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        final AtomicReference<FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[]> response =
+                new AtomicReference<>();
+        mServiceMonitor.runOnBinder(new ServiceMonitor.BinderOperation() {
+            @Override
+            public void run(IBinder binder) throws RemoteException {
+                IFastPairDataProvider provider = IFastPairDataProvider.Stub.asInterface(binder);
+                IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback callback =
+                        new IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback.Stub() {
+                            public void onFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataReceived(
+                                    FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] metadatas) {
+                                response.set(metadatas);
+                                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+
+                            public void onError(int code, String message) {
+                                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+                        };
+                provider.loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(requestParcel, callback);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onError() {
+                waitForCompletionLatch.countDown();
+            }
+        });
+        try {
+            waitForCompletionLatch.await(TIME_OUT_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            // skip.
+        }
+        return response.get();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/Utils.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/Utils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f1c567
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/provider/Utils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,465 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountParcel;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FastPairUploadInfo;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+import service.proto.Data;
+import service.proto.FastPairString.FastPairStrings;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+
+/**
+ * Utility functions to convert between different data classes.
+ */
+class Utils {
+
+    static List<Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey> convertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKey(
+            @Nullable FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] metadataParcels) {
+        if (metadataParcels == null) {
+            return new ArrayList<Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey>(0);
+        }
+
+        List<Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey> fpDeviceList =
+                new ArrayList<>(metadataParcels.length);
+        for (FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadataParcel : metadataParcels) {
+            if (metadataParcel == null) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey.Builder fpDeviceBuilder =
+                    Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey.newBuilder();
+            if (metadataParcel.deviceAccountKey != null) {
+                fpDeviceBuilder.setAccountKey(
+                        ByteString.copyFrom(metadataParcel.deviceAccountKey));
+            }
+            if (metadataParcel.sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress != null) {
+                fpDeviceBuilder.setSha256AccountKeyPublicAddress(
+                        ByteString.copyFrom(metadataParcel.sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress));
+            }
+
+            Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.Builder storedDiscoveryItemBuilder =
+                    Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.newBuilder();
+
+            if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem != null) {
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.actionUrl != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setActionUrl(metadataParcel.discoveryItem.actionUrl);
+                }
+                Cache.ResolvedUrlType urlType = Cache.ResolvedUrlType.forNumber(
+                        metadataParcel.discoveryItem.actionUrlType);
+                if (urlType != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setActionUrlType(urlType);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.appName != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setAppName(metadataParcel.discoveryItem.appName);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1 != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1(
+                            ByteString.copyFrom(
+                                    metadataParcel.discoveryItem.authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1));
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.description != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setDescription(
+                            metadataParcel.discoveryItem.description);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.deviceName != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setDeviceName(
+                            metadataParcel.discoveryItem.deviceName);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.displayUrl != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setDisplayUrl(
+                            metadataParcel.discoveryItem.displayUrl);
+                }
+                storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setFirstObservationTimestampMillis(
+                        metadataParcel.discoveryItem.firstObservationTimestampMillis);
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.iconFifeUrl != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setIconFifeUrl(
+                            metadataParcel.discoveryItem.iconFifeUrl);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.iconPng != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setIconPng(
+                            ByteString.copyFrom(metadataParcel.discoveryItem.iconPng));
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.id != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setId(metadataParcel.discoveryItem.id);
+                }
+                storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setLastObservationTimestampMillis(
+                        metadataParcel.discoveryItem.lastObservationTimestampMillis);
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.macAddress != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setMacAddress(
+                            metadataParcel.discoveryItem.macAddress);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.packageName != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setPackageName(
+                            metadataParcel.discoveryItem.packageName);
+                }
+                storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setPendingAppInstallTimestampMillis(
+                        metadataParcel.discoveryItem.pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis);
+                storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setRssi(metadataParcel.discoveryItem.rssi);
+                Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State state =
+                        Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.forNumber(
+                                metadataParcel.discoveryItem.state);
+                if (state != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setState(state);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.title != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setTitle(metadataParcel.discoveryItem.title);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.discoveryItem.triggerId != null) {
+                    storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setTriggerId(metadataParcel.discoveryItem.triggerId);
+                }
+                storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setTxPower(metadataParcel.discoveryItem.txPower);
+            }
+            if (metadataParcel.metadata != null) {
+                FastPairStrings.Builder stringsBuilder = FastPairStrings.newBuilder();
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled != null) {
+                    stringsBuilder.setPairingFinishedCompanionAppInstalled(
+                            metadataParcel.metadata.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled != null) {
+                    stringsBuilder.setPairingFinishedCompanionAppNotInstalled(
+                            metadataParcel.metadata.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription != null) {
+                    stringsBuilder.setPairingFailDescription(
+                            metadataParcel.metadata.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.initialNotificationDescription != null) {
+                    stringsBuilder.setTapToPairWithAccount(
+                            metadataParcel.metadata.initialNotificationDescription);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount != null) {
+                    stringsBuilder.setTapToPairWithoutAccount(
+                            metadataParcel.metadata.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.initialPairingDescription != null) {
+                    stringsBuilder.setInitialPairingDescription(
+                            metadataParcel.metadata.initialPairingDescription);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.retroactivePairingDescription != null) {
+                    stringsBuilder.setRetroactivePairingDescription(
+                            metadataParcel.metadata.retroactivePairingDescription);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.subsequentPairingDescription != null) {
+                    stringsBuilder.setSubsequentPairingDescription(
+                            metadataParcel.metadata.subsequentPairingDescription);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription != null) {
+                    stringsBuilder.setWaitAppLaunchDescription(
+                            metadataParcel.metadata.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription);
+                }
+                storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setFastPairStrings(stringsBuilder.build());
+
+                Cache.FastPairInformation.Builder fpInformationBuilder =
+                        Cache.FastPairInformation.newBuilder();
+                Rpcs.TrueWirelessHeadsetImages.Builder imagesBuilder =
+                        Rpcs.TrueWirelessHeadsetImages.newBuilder();
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.trueWirelessImageUrlCase != null) {
+                    imagesBuilder.setCaseUrl(metadataParcel.metadata.trueWirelessImageUrlCase);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud != null) {
+                    imagesBuilder.setLeftBudUrl(
+                            metadataParcel.metadata.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud);
+                }
+                if (metadataParcel.metadata.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud != null) {
+                    imagesBuilder.setRightBudUrl(
+                            metadataParcel.metadata.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud);
+                }
+                fpInformationBuilder.setTrueWirelessImages(imagesBuilder.build());
+                Rpcs.DeviceType deviceType =
+                        Rpcs.DeviceType.forNumber(metadataParcel.metadata.deviceType);
+                if (deviceType != null) {
+                    fpInformationBuilder.setDeviceType(deviceType);
+                }
+
+                storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setFastPairInformation(fpInformationBuilder.build());
+            }
+            fpDeviceBuilder.setDiscoveryItem(storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.build());
+            fpDeviceList.add(fpDeviceBuilder.build());
+        }
+        return fpDeviceList;
+    }
+
+    static List<Account> convertToAccountList(
+            @Nullable FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] accountParcels) {
+        if (accountParcels == null) {
+            return new ArrayList<Account>(0);
+        }
+        List<Account> accounts = new ArrayList<Account>(accountParcels.length);
+        for (FastPairEligibleAccountParcel parcel : accountParcels) {
+            if (parcel != null && parcel.account != null) {
+                accounts.add(parcel.account);
+            }
+        }
+        return accounts;
+    }
+
+    private static @Nullable Rpcs.Device convertToDevice(
+            FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadata) {
+
+        Rpcs.Device.Builder deviceBuilder = Rpcs.Device.newBuilder();
+        if (metadata.antispoofPublicKey != null) {
+            deviceBuilder.setAntiSpoofingKeyPair(Rpcs.AntiSpoofingKeyPair.newBuilder()
+                    .setPublicKey(ByteString.copyFrom(metadata.antispoofPublicKey))
+                    .build());
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata != null) {
+            Rpcs.TrueWirelessHeadsetImages.Builder imagesBuilder =
+                    Rpcs.TrueWirelessHeadsetImages.newBuilder();
+            if (metadata.deviceMetadata.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud != null) {
+                imagesBuilder.setLeftBudUrl(metadata.deviceMetadata.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud);
+            }
+            if (metadata.deviceMetadata.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud != null) {
+                imagesBuilder.setRightBudUrl(metadata.deviceMetadata.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud);
+            }
+            if (metadata.deviceMetadata.trueWirelessImageUrlCase != null) {
+                imagesBuilder.setCaseUrl(metadata.deviceMetadata.trueWirelessImageUrlCase);
+            }
+            deviceBuilder.setTrueWirelessImages(imagesBuilder.build());
+            if (metadata.deviceMetadata.imageUrl != null) {
+                deviceBuilder.setImageUrl(metadata.deviceMetadata.imageUrl);
+            }
+            if (metadata.deviceMetadata.intentUri != null) {
+                deviceBuilder.setIntentUri(metadata.deviceMetadata.intentUri);
+            }
+            if (metadata.deviceMetadata.name != null) {
+                deviceBuilder.setName(metadata.deviceMetadata.name);
+            }
+            Rpcs.DeviceType deviceType =
+                    Rpcs.DeviceType.forNumber(metadata.deviceMetadata.deviceType);
+            if (deviceType != null) {
+                deviceBuilder.setDeviceType(deviceType);
+            }
+            deviceBuilder.setBleTxPower(metadata.deviceMetadata.bleTxPower)
+                    .setTriggerDistance(metadata.deviceMetadata.triggerDistance);
+        }
+
+        return deviceBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    private static @Nullable ByteString convertToImage(
+            FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadata) {
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata == null || metadata.deviceMetadata.image == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return ByteString.copyFrom(metadata.deviceMetadata.image);
+    }
+
+    private static @Nullable Rpcs.ObservedDeviceStrings
+            convertToObservedDeviceStrings(FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadata) {
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        Rpcs.ObservedDeviceStrings.Builder stringsBuilder = Rpcs.ObservedDeviceStrings.newBuilder();
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.downloadCompanionAppDescription != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setDownloadCompanionAppDescription(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.downloadCompanionAppDescription);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setFailConnectGoToSettingsDescription(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.initialNotificationDescription != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setInitialNotificationDescription(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.initialNotificationDescription);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.initialPairingDescription != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setInitialPairingDescription(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.initialPairingDescription);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.openCompanionAppDescription != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setOpenCompanionAppDescription(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.openCompanionAppDescription);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.retroactivePairingDescription != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setRetroactivePairingDescription(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.retroactivePairingDescription);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.subsequentPairingDescription != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setSubsequentPairingDescription(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.subsequentPairingDescription);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.unableToConnectDescription != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setUnableToConnectDescription(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.unableToConnectDescription);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.unableToConnectTitle != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setUnableToConnectTitle(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.unableToConnectTitle);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.updateCompanionAppDescription != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setUpdateCompanionAppDescription(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.updateCompanionAppDescription);
+        }
+        if (metadata.deviceMetadata.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription != null) {
+            stringsBuilder.setWaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription(
+                    metadata.deviceMetadata.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription);
+        }
+
+        return stringsBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    static @Nullable Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse
+            convertToGetObservedDeviceResponse(
+                    @Nullable FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadata) {
+        if (metadata == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse.Builder responseBuilder =
+                Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse.newBuilder();
+
+        Rpcs.Device device = convertToDevice(metadata);
+        if (device != null) {
+            responseBuilder.setDevice(device);
+        }
+        ByteString image = convertToImage(metadata);
+        if (image != null) {
+            responseBuilder.setImage(image);
+        }
+        Rpcs.ObservedDeviceStrings strings = convertToObservedDeviceStrings(metadata);
+        if (strings != null) {
+            responseBuilder.setStrings(strings);
+        }
+
+        return responseBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    static @Nullable FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel
+            convertToFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(
+            @Nullable FastPairUploadInfo uploadInfo) {
+        if (uploadInfo == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel accountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel =
+                new FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+        if (uploadInfo.getAccountKey() != null) {
+            accountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel.deviceAccountKey =
+                    uploadInfo.getAccountKey().toByteArray();
+        }
+        if (uploadInfo.getSha256AccountKeyPublicAddress() != null) {
+            accountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel.sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress =
+                    uploadInfo.getSha256AccountKeyPublicAddress().toByteArray();
+        }
+        if (uploadInfo.getStoredDiscoveryItem() != null) {
+            accountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel.metadata =
+                    convertToFastPairDeviceMetadata(uploadInfo.getStoredDiscoveryItem());
+            accountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel.discoveryItem =
+                    convertToFastPairDiscoveryItem(uploadInfo.getStoredDiscoveryItem());
+        }
+
+        return accountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+    }
+
+    private static @Nullable FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel
+            convertToFastPairDiscoveryItem(Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem storedDiscoveryItem) {
+        FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel discoveryItemParcel = new FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel();
+        discoveryItemParcel.actionUrl = storedDiscoveryItem.getActionUrl();
+        discoveryItemParcel.actionUrlType = storedDiscoveryItem.getActionUrlType().getNumber();
+        discoveryItemParcel.appName = storedDiscoveryItem.getAppName();
+        discoveryItemParcel.authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1 =
+                storedDiscoveryItem.getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1().toByteArray();
+        discoveryItemParcel.description = storedDiscoveryItem.getDescription();
+        discoveryItemParcel.deviceName = storedDiscoveryItem.getDeviceName();
+        discoveryItemParcel.displayUrl = storedDiscoveryItem.getDisplayUrl();
+        discoveryItemParcel.firstObservationTimestampMillis =
+                storedDiscoveryItem.getFirstObservationTimestampMillis();
+        discoveryItemParcel.iconFifeUrl = storedDiscoveryItem.getIconFifeUrl();
+        discoveryItemParcel.iconPng = storedDiscoveryItem.getIconPng().toByteArray();
+        discoveryItemParcel.id = storedDiscoveryItem.getId();
+        discoveryItemParcel.lastObservationTimestampMillis =
+                storedDiscoveryItem.getLastObservationTimestampMillis();
+        discoveryItemParcel.macAddress = storedDiscoveryItem.getMacAddress();
+        discoveryItemParcel.packageName = storedDiscoveryItem.getPackageName();
+        discoveryItemParcel.pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis =
+                storedDiscoveryItem.getPendingAppInstallTimestampMillis();
+        discoveryItemParcel.rssi = storedDiscoveryItem.getRssi();
+        discoveryItemParcel.state = storedDiscoveryItem.getState().getNumber();
+        discoveryItemParcel.title = storedDiscoveryItem.getTitle();
+        discoveryItemParcel.triggerId = storedDiscoveryItem.getTriggerId();
+        discoveryItemParcel.txPower = storedDiscoveryItem.getTxPower();
+
+        return discoveryItemParcel;
+    }
+
+    /*  Do we upload these?
+        String downloadCompanionAppDescription =
+             bundle.getString("downloadCompanionAppDescription");
+        String locale = bundle.getString("locale");
+        String openCompanionAppDescription = bundle.getString("openCompanionAppDescription");
+        float triggerDistance = bundle.getFloat("triggerDistance");
+        String unableToConnectDescription = bundle.getString("unableToConnectDescription");
+        String unableToConnectTitle = bundle.getString("unableToConnectTitle");
+        String updateCompanionAppDescription = bundle.getString("updateCompanionAppDescription");
+    */
+    private static @Nullable FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel
+            convertToFastPairDeviceMetadata(Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem storedDiscoveryItem) {
+        FastPairStrings fpStrings = storedDiscoveryItem.getFastPairStrings();
+
+        FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel metadataParcel = new FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+        metadataParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled =
+                fpStrings.getPairingFinishedCompanionAppInstalled();
+        metadataParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled =
+                fpStrings.getPairingFinishedCompanionAppNotInstalled();
+        metadataParcel.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription = fpStrings.getPairingFailDescription();
+        metadataParcel.initialNotificationDescription = fpStrings.getTapToPairWithAccount();
+        metadataParcel.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount =
+                fpStrings.getTapToPairWithoutAccount();
+        metadataParcel.initialPairingDescription = fpStrings.getInitialPairingDescription();
+        metadataParcel.retroactivePairingDescription = fpStrings.getRetroactivePairingDescription();
+        metadataParcel.subsequentPairingDescription = fpStrings.getSubsequentPairingDescription();
+        metadataParcel.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription = fpStrings.getWaitAppLaunchDescription();
+
+        Cache.FastPairInformation fpInformation = storedDiscoveryItem.getFastPairInformation();
+        metadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlCase =
+                fpInformation.getTrueWirelessImages().getCaseUrl();
+        metadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud =
+                fpInformation.getTrueWirelessImages().getLeftBudUrl();
+        metadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud =
+                fpInformation.getTrueWirelessImages().getRightBudUrl();
+        metadataParcel.deviceType = fpInformation.getDeviceType().getNumber();
+
+        return metadataParcel;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtils.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..599843c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * ArrayUtils class that help manipulate array.
+ */
+public class ArrayUtils {
+    /** Concatenate N arrays of bytes into a single array. */
+    public static byte[] concatByteArrays(byte[]... arrays) {
+        // Degenerate case - no input provided.
+        if (arrays.length == 0) {
+            return new byte[0];
+        }
+
+        // Compute the total size.
+        int totalSize = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {
+            totalSize += arrays[i].length;
+        }
+
+        // Copy the arrays into the new array.
+        byte[] result = Arrays.copyOf(arrays[0], totalSize);
+        int pos = arrays[0].length;
+        for (int i = 1; i < arrays.length; i++) {
+            byte[] current = arrays[i];
+            System.arraycopy(current, 0, result, pos, current.length);
+            pos += current.length;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/DataUtils.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/DataUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3bae08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/DataUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import service.proto.Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem;
+import service.proto.Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem;
+import service.proto.FastPairString.FastPairStrings;
+import service.proto.Rpcs.Device;
+import service.proto.Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse;
+import service.proto.Rpcs.ObservedDeviceStrings;
+
+/**
+ * Utils class converts different data types {@link ScanFastPairStoreItem},
+ * {@link StoredDiscoveryItem} and {@link GetObservedDeviceResponse},
+ *
+ */
+public final class DataUtils {
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a {@link GetObservedDeviceResponse} to a {@link ScanFastPairStoreItem}.
+     */
+    public static ScanFastPairStoreItem toScanFastPairStoreItem(
+            GetObservedDeviceResponse observedDeviceResponse,
+            @NonNull String bleAddress, @Nullable String account) {
+        Device device = observedDeviceResponse.getDevice();
+        String deviceName = device.getName();
+        return ScanFastPairStoreItem.newBuilder()
+                .setAddress(bleAddress)
+                .setActionUrl(device.getIntentUri())
+                .setDeviceName(deviceName)
+                .setIconPng(observedDeviceResponse.getImage())
+                .setIconFifeUrl(device.getImageUrl())
+                .setAntiSpoofingPublicKey(device.getAntiSpoofingKeyPair().getPublicKey())
+                .setFastPairStrings(getFastPairStrings(observedDeviceResponse, deviceName, account))
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prints readable string for a {@link ScanFastPairStoreItem}.
+     */
+    public static String toString(ScanFastPairStoreItem item) {
+        return "ScanFastPairStoreItem=[address:" + item.getAddress()
+                + ", actionUrl:" + item.getActionUrl()
+                + ", deviceName:" + item.getDeviceName()
+                + ", iconFifeUrl:" + item.getIconFifeUrl()
+                + ", fastPairStrings:" + toString(item.getFastPairStrings())
+                + "]";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Prints readable string for a {@link FastPairStrings}
+     */
+    public static String toString(FastPairStrings fastPairStrings) {
+        return "FastPairStrings["
+                + "tapToPairWithAccount=" + fastPairStrings.getTapToPairWithAccount()
+                + ", tapToPairWithoutAccount=" + fastPairStrings.getTapToPairWithoutAccount()
+                + ", initialPairingDescription=" + fastPairStrings.getInitialPairingDescription()
+                + ", pairingFinishedCompanionAppInstalled="
+                + fastPairStrings.getPairingFinishedCompanionAppInstalled()
+                + ", pairingFinishedCompanionAppNotInstalled="
+                + fastPairStrings.getPairingFinishedCompanionAppNotInstalled()
+                + ", subsequentPairingDescription="
+                + fastPairStrings.getSubsequentPairingDescription()
+                + ", retroactivePairingDescription="
+                + fastPairStrings.getRetroactivePairingDescription()
+                + ", waitAppLaunchDescription=" + fastPairStrings.getWaitAppLaunchDescription()
+                + ", pairingFailDescription=" + fastPairStrings.getPairingFailDescription()
+                + "]";
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairStrings getFastPairStrings(GetObservedDeviceResponse response,
+            String deviceName, @Nullable String account) {
+        ObservedDeviceStrings strings = response.getStrings();
+        return FastPairStrings.newBuilder()
+                .setTapToPairWithAccount(strings.getInitialNotificationDescription())
+                .setTapToPairWithoutAccount(
+                        strings.getInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount())
+                .setInitialPairingDescription(account == null
+                        ? strings.getInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount()
+                        : String.format(strings.getInitialPairingDescription(),
+                                deviceName, account))
+                .setPairingFinishedCompanionAppInstalled(
+                        strings.getConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled())
+                .setPairingFinishedCompanionAppNotInstalled(
+                        strings.getConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled())
+                .setSubsequentPairingDescription(strings.getSubsequentPairingDescription())
+                .setRetroactivePairingDescription(strings.getRetroactivePairingDescription())
+                .setWaitAppLaunchDescription(strings.getWaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription())
+                .setPairingFailDescription(strings.getFailConnectGoToSettingsDescription())
+                .build();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/Environment.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/Environment.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d397862
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/Environment.java
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util;
+
+import android.content.ApexEnvironment;
+import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
+
+import java.io.File;
+
+/**
+ * Provides function to make sure the function caller is from the same apex.
+ */
+public class Environment {
+    /**
+     * NEARBY apex name.
+     */
+    private static final String NEARBY_APEX_NAME = "com.android.tethering";
+
+    /**
+     * The path where the Nearby apex is mounted.
+     * Current value = "/apex/com.android.tethering"
+     */
+    private static final String NEARBY_APEX_PATH =
+            new File("/apex", NEARBY_APEX_NAME).getAbsolutePath();
+
+    /**
+     * Nearby shared folder.
+     */
+    public static File getNearbyDirectory() {
+        return ApexEnvironment.getApexEnvironment(NEARBY_APEX_NAME).getDeviceProtectedDataDir();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Nearby user specific folder.
+     */
+    public static File getNearbyDirectory(int userId) {
+        return ApexEnvironment.getApexEnvironment(NEARBY_APEX_NAME)
+                .getCredentialProtectedDataDirForUser(UserHandle.of(userId));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the app is in the nearby apex, false otherwise.
+     * Checks if the app's path starts with "/apex/com.android.tethering".
+     */
+    public static boolean isAppInNearbyApex(ApplicationInfo appInfo) {
+        return appInfo.sourceDir.startsWith(NEARBY_APEX_PATH);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/ForegroundThread.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/ForegroundThread.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..793ab9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/ForegroundThread.java
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.HandlerThread;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
+import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+
+/**
+ * Shared singleton foreground thread.
+ */
+public class ForegroundThread extends HandlerThread {
+    private static final Object sLock = new Object();
+
+    @GuardedBy("sLock")
+    private static ForegroundThread sInstance;
+    @GuardedBy("sLock")
+    private static Handler sHandler;
+    @GuardedBy("sLock")
+    private static Executor sExecutor;
+
+    private ForegroundThread() {
+        super(ForegroundThread.class.getName());
+    }
+
+    @GuardedBy("sLock")
+    private static void ensureInstanceLocked() {
+        if (sInstance == null) {
+            sInstance = new ForegroundThread();
+            sInstance.start();
+            sHandler = new Handler(sInstance.getLooper());
+            sExecutor = new HandlerExecutor(sHandler);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the singleton instance of thi class.
+     *
+     * @return the singleton instance of thi class
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public static ForegroundThread get() {
+        synchronized (sLock) {
+            ensureInstanceLocked();
+            return sInstance;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the {@link Handler} for this thread.
+     *
+     * @return the {@link Handler} for this thread.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public static Handler getHandler() {
+        synchronized (sLock) {
+            ensureInstanceLocked();
+            return sHandler;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the {@link Executor} for this thread.
+     *
+     * @return the {@link Executor} for this thread.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public static Executor getExecutor() {
+        synchronized (sLock) {
+            ensureInstanceLocked();
+            return sExecutor;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An adapter {@link Executor} that posts all executed tasks onto the given
+     * {@link Handler}.
+     */
+    private static class HandlerExecutor implements Executor {
+        private final Handler mHandler;
+
+        HandlerExecutor(@NonNull Handler handler) {
+            mHandler = Preconditions.checkNotNull(handler);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void execute(Runnable command) {
+            if (!mHandler.post(command)) {
+                throw new RejectedExecutionException(mHandler + " is shutting down");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/Hex.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/Hex.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d1d855
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/Hex.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util;
+
+/**
+ * Hex class that contains hex related functions.
+ */
+public class Hex {
+
+    private static final char[] HEX_UPPERCASE = {
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F'
+    };
+
+    private static final char[] HEX_LOWERCASE = {
+            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Bytes array to lower case string.
+     */
+    public static String bytesToStringLowercase(byte[] bytes) {
+        char[] hexChars = new char[bytes.length * 2];
+        int j = 0;
+        for (byte aByte : bytes) {
+            int v = aByte & 0xFF;
+            hexChars[j++] = HEX_LOWERCASE[v >>> 4];
+            hexChars[j++] = HEX_LOWERCASE[v & 0x0F];
+        }
+        return new String(hexChars);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the byte array to string.
+     */
+    public static String bytesToStringUppercase(byte[] bytes) {
+        return bytesToStringUppercase(bytes, false /* zeroTerminated */);
+    }
+
+    /** Encodes a byte array as a hexadecimal representation of bytes. */
+    public static String bytesToStringUppercase(byte[] bytes, boolean zeroTerminated) {
+        int length = bytes.length;
+        StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(length * 2);
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            if (zeroTerminated && i == length - 1 && (bytes[i] & 0xff) == 0) {
+                break;
+            }
+            out.append(HEX_UPPERCASE[(bytes[i] & 0xf0) >>> 4]);
+            out.append(HEX_UPPERCASE[bytes[i] & 0x0f]);
+        }
+        return out.toString();
+    }
+    /**
+     * Converts string to byte array.
+     */
+    public static byte[] stringToBytes(String hex) throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        int length = hex.length();
+        if (length % 2 != 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Hex string has odd number of characters");
+        }
+        byte[] out = new byte[length / 2];
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i += 2) {
+            // Byte.parseByte() doesn't work here because it expects a hex value in -128, 127, and
+            // our hex values are in 0, 255.
+            out[i / 2] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(hex.substring(i, i + 2), 16);
+        }
+        return out;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/Cryptor.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/Cryptor.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c5132d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/Cryptor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+
+import javax.crypto.Mac;
+import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
+
+/** Class for encryption/decryption functionality. */
+public abstract class Cryptor {
+
+    /** AES only supports key sizes of 16, 24 or 32 bytes. */
+    static final int AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE = 16;
+
+    private static final String HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM = "HmacSHA256";
+
+    /**
+     * Encrypt the provided data blob.
+     *
+     * @param data data blob to be encrypted.
+     * @param salt used for IV
+     * @param secretKeyBytes secrete key accessed from credentials
+     * @return encrypted data, {@code null} if failed to encrypt.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, byte[] salt, byte[] secretKeyBytes) {
+        return data;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Decrypt the original data blob from the provided byte array.
+     *
+     * @param encryptedData data blob to be decrypted.
+     * @param salt used for IV
+     * @param secretKeyBytes secrete key accessed from credentials
+     * @return decrypted data, {@code null} if failed to decrypt.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] decrypt(byte[] encryptedData, byte[] salt, byte[] secretKeyBytes) {
+        return encryptedData;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a digital signature for the data.
+     *
+     * @return signature {@code null} if failed to sign
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] sign(byte[] data, byte[] key) {
+        return new byte[0];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verifies the signature generated by data and key, with the original signed data
+     */
+    public boolean verify(byte[] data, byte[] key, byte[] signature) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return length of the signature generated
+     */
+    public int getSignatureLength() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A HAMC sha256 based HKDF algorithm to pseudo randomly hash data and salt into a byte array of
+     * given size.
+     */
+    // Based on google3/third_party/tink/java/src/main/java/com/google/crypto/tink/subtle/Hkdf.java
+    @Nullable
+    static byte[] computeHkdf(byte[] ikm, byte[] salt, int size) {
+        Mac mac;
+        try {
+            mac = Mac.getInstance(HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM);
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM is not supported.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (size > 255 * mac.getMacLength()) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Size too large.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (salt.length == 0) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Salt cannot be empty.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(salt, HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM));
+        } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Invalid key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        byte[] prk = mac.doFinal(ikm);
+        byte[] result = new byte[size];
+        try {
+            mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(prk, HMAC_SHA256_ALGORITHM));
+        } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Invalid key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        byte[] digest = new byte[0];
+        int ctr = 1;
+        int pos = 0;
+        while (true) {
+            mac.update(digest);
+            mac.update((byte) ctr);
+            digest = mac.doFinal();
+            if (pos + digest.length < size) {
+                System.arraycopy(digest, 0, result, pos, digest.length);
+                pos += digest.length;
+                ctr++;
+            } else {
+                System.arraycopy(digest, 0, result, pos, size - pos);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpFake.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpFake.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c0ec9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpFake.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * A Cryptor that returns the original data without actual encryption
+ */
+public class CryptorImpFake extends Cryptor {
+    // Lazily instantiated when {@link #getInstance()} is called.
+    @Nullable
+    private static CryptorImpFake sCryptor;
+
+    /** Returns an instance of CryptorImpFake. */
+    public static CryptorImpFake getInstance() {
+        if (sCryptor == null) {
+            sCryptor = new CryptorImpFake();
+        }
+        return sCryptor;
+    }
+
+    private CryptorImpFake() {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0e19b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.security.keystore.KeyProperties;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
+import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
+import javax.crypto.Cipher;
+import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
+import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
+import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
+import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
+import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
+
+/**
+ * {@link android.nearby.BroadcastRequest#PRESENCE_VERSION_V1} for identity
+ * encryption and decryption.
+ */
+public class CryptorImpIdentityV1 extends Cryptor {
+
+    // 3 16 byte arrays known by both the encryptor and decryptor.
+    private static final byte[] EK_IV =
+            new byte[] {14, -123, -39, 42, 109, 127, 83, 27, 27, 11, 91, -38, 92, 17, -84, 66};
+    private static final byte[] ESALT_IV =
+            new byte[] {46, 83, -19, 10, -127, -31, -31, 12, 31, 76, 63, -9, 33, -66, 15, -10};
+    private static final byte[] KTAG_IV =
+            {-22, -83, -6, 67, 16, -99, -13, -9, 8, -3, -16, 37, -75, 47, 1, -56};
+
+    /** Length of encryption key required by AES/GCM encryption. */
+    private static final int ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE = 32;
+
+    /** Length of salt required by AES/GCM encryption. */
+    private static final int AES_CTR_IV_SIZE = 16;
+
+    /** Length HMAC tag */
+    public static final int HMAC_TAG_SIZE = 8;
+
+    /**
+     * In the form of "algorithm/mode/padding". Must be the same across broadcast and scan devices.
+     */
+    private static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "AES/CTR/NoPadding";
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final String ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM = KeyProperties.KEY_ALGORITHM_AES;
+
+    // Lazily instantiated when {@link #getInstance()} is called.
+    @Nullable private static CryptorImpIdentityV1 sCryptor;
+
+    /** Returns an instance of CryptorImpIdentityV1. */
+    public static CryptorImpIdentityV1 getInstance() {
+        if (sCryptor == null) {
+            sCryptor = new CryptorImpIdentityV1();
+        }
+        return sCryptor;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    @Override
+    public byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, byte[] salt, byte[] authenticityKey) {
+        if (authenticityKey.length != AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Illegal authenticity key size");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Generates a 32 bytes encryption key from authenticity_key
+        byte[] encryptionKey = Cryptor.computeHkdf(authenticityKey, EK_IV, ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE);
+        if (encryptionKey == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate encryption key.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Encrypts the data using the encryption key
+        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(encryptionKey, ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM);
+        Cipher cipher;
+        try {
+            cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to encrypt with secret key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        byte[] esalt = Cryptor.computeHkdf(salt, ESALT_IV, AES_CTR_IV_SIZE);
+        if (esalt == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate salt.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        try {
+            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(esalt));
+        } catch (InvalidKeyException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize cipher.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        try {
+            return cipher.doFinal(data);
+        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to encrypt with secret key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    @Override
+    public byte[] decrypt(byte[] encryptedData, byte[] salt, byte[] authenticityKey) {
+        if (authenticityKey.length != AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Illegal authenticity key size");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Generates a 32 bytes encryption key from authenticity_key
+        byte[] encryptionKey = Cryptor.computeHkdf(authenticityKey, EK_IV, ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE);
+        if (encryptionKey == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate encryption key.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Decrypts the data using the encryption key
+        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(encryptionKey, ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM);
+        Cipher cipher;
+        try {
+            cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get cipher instance.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        byte[] esalt = Cryptor.computeHkdf(salt, ESALT_IV, AES_CTR_IV_SIZE);
+        if (esalt == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        try {
+            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(esalt));
+        } catch (InvalidKeyException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize cipher.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return cipher.doFinal(encryptedData);
+        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to decrypt bytes with secret key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a digital signature for the data.
+     *
+     * @return signature {@code null} if failed to sign
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    @Override
+    public byte[] sign(byte[] data, byte[] salt) {
+        if (data == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Not generate HMAC tag because of invalid data input.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Generates a 8 bytes HMAC tag
+        return Cryptor.computeHkdf(data, salt, HMAC_TAG_SIZE);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates a digital signature for the data.
+     * Uses KTAG_IV as salt value.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] sign(byte[] data) {
+        // Generates a 8 bytes HMAC tag
+        return sign(data, KTAG_IV);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean verify(byte[] data, byte[] key, byte[] signature) {
+        return Arrays.equals(sign(data, key), signature);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verifies the signature generated by data and key, with the original signed data. Uses
+     * KTAG_IV as salt value.
+     */
+    public boolean verify(byte[] data, byte[] signature) {
+        return verify(data, KTAG_IV, signature);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15073fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyService.TAG;
+
+import android.security.keystore.KeyProperties;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
+import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
+import javax.crypto.Cipher;
+import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
+import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
+import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
+import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
+import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
+
+/**
+ * {@link android.nearby.BroadcastRequest#PRESENCE_VERSION_V1} for encryption and decryption.
+ */
+public class CryptorImpV1 extends Cryptor {
+
+    /**
+     * In the form of "algorithm/mode/padding". Must be the same across broadcast and scan devices.
+     */
+    private static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "AES/CTR/NoPadding";
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final String ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM = KeyProperties.KEY_ALGORITHM_AES;
+
+    /** Length of encryption key required by AES/GCM encryption. */
+    private static final int ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE = 32;
+
+    /** Length of salt required by AES/GCM encryption. */
+    private static final int AES_CTR_IV_SIZE = 16;
+
+    /** Length HMAC tag */
+    public static final int HMAC_TAG_SIZE = 16;
+
+    // 3 16 byte arrays known by both the encryptor and decryptor.
+    private static final byte[] AK_IV =
+            new byte[] {12, -59, 19, 23, 96, 57, -59, 19, 117, -31, -116, -61, 86, -25, -33, -78};
+    private static final byte[] ASALT_IV =
+            new byte[] {111, 48, -83, -79, -10, -102, -16, 73, 43, 55, 102, -127, 58, -19, -113, 4};
+    private static final byte[] HK_IV =
+            new byte[] {12, -59, 19, 23, 96, 57, -59, 19, 117, -31, -116, -61, 86, -25, -33, -78};
+
+    // Lazily instantiated when {@link #getInstance()} is called.
+    @Nullable private static CryptorImpV1 sCryptor;
+
+    /** Returns an instance of CryptorImpV1. */
+    public static CryptorImpV1 getInstance() {
+        if (sCryptor == null) {
+            sCryptor = new CryptorImpV1();
+        }
+        return sCryptor;
+    }
+
+    private CryptorImpV1() {
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    @Override
+    public byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, byte[] salt, byte[] authenticityKey) {
+        if (authenticityKey.length != AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Illegal authenticity key size");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Generates a 32 bytes encryption key from authenticity_key
+        byte[] encryptionKey = Cryptor.computeHkdf(authenticityKey, AK_IV, ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE);
+        if (encryptionKey == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate encryption key.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Encrypts the data using the encryption key
+        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(encryptionKey, ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM);
+        Cipher cipher;
+        try {
+            cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to encrypt with secret key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        byte[] asalt = Cryptor.computeHkdf(salt, ASALT_IV, AES_CTR_IV_SIZE);
+        if (asalt == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate salt.");
+            return null;
+        }
+        try {
+            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(asalt));
+        } catch (InvalidKeyException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize cipher.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        try {
+            return cipher.doFinal(data);
+        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to encrypt with secret key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    @Override
+    public byte[] decrypt(byte[] encryptedData, byte[] salt, byte[] authenticityKey) {
+        if (authenticityKey.length != AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Illegal authenticity key size");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Generates a 32 bytes encryption key from authenticity_key
+        byte[] encryptionKey = Cryptor.computeHkdf(authenticityKey, AK_IV, ENCRYPTION_KEY_SIZE);
+        if (encryptionKey == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate encryption key.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Decrypts the data using the encryption key
+        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(encryptionKey, ENCRYPT_ALGORITHM);
+        Cipher cipher;
+        try {
+            cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get cipher instance.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        byte[] asalt = Cryptor.computeHkdf(salt, ASALT_IV, AES_CTR_IV_SIZE);
+        if (asalt == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        try {
+            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(asalt));
+        } catch (InvalidKeyException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize cipher.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return cipher.doFinal(encryptedData);
+        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException | BadPaddingException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to decrypt bytes with secret key.", e);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] sign(byte[] data, byte[] key) {
+        return generateHmacTag(data, key);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getSignatureLength() {
+        return HMAC_TAG_SIZE;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean verify(byte[] data, byte[] key, byte[] signature) {
+        return Arrays.equals(sign(data, key), signature);
+    }
+
+    /** Generates a 16 bytes HMAC tag. This is used for decryptor to verify if the computed HMAC tag
+     * is equal to HMAC tag in advertisement to see data integrity. */
+    @Nullable
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    byte[] generateHmacTag(byte[] data, byte[] authenticityKey) {
+        if (data == null || authenticityKey == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Not generate HMAC tag because of invalid data input.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (authenticityKey.length != AUTHENTICITY_KEY_BYTE_SIZE) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Illegal authenticity key size");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Generates a 32 bytes HMAC key from authenticity_key
+        byte[] hmacKey = Cryptor.computeHkdf(authenticityKey, HK_IV, AES_CTR_IV_SIZE);
+        if (hmacKey == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to generate HMAC key.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // Generates a 16 bytes HMAC tag from authenticity_key
+        return Cryptor.computeHkdf(data, hmacKey, HMAC_TAG_SIZE);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/identity/CallerIdentity.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/identity/CallerIdentity.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5c80b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/identity/CallerIdentity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.identity;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.os.Binder;
+import android.os.Process;
+
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Identifying information on a caller.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public final class CallerIdentity {
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a CallerIdentity from the current binder identity, using the given package, feature
+     * id, and listener id. The package will be checked to enforce it belongs to the calling uid,
+     * and a security exception will be thrown if it is invalid.
+     */
+    public static CallerIdentity fromBinder(Context context, String packageName,
+            @Nullable String attributionTag) {
+        int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
+        if (!contains(context.getPackageManager().getPackagesForUid(uid), packageName)) {
+            throw new SecurityException("invalid package \"" + packageName + "\" for uid " + uid);
+        }
+        return fromBinderUnsafe(packageName, attributionTag);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a CallerIdentity for test purposes.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static CallerIdentity forTest(int uid, int pid, String packageName,
+            @Nullable String attributionTag) {
+        return new CallerIdentity(uid, pid, packageName, attributionTag);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a CallerIdentity from the current binder identity, using the given package, feature
+     * id, and listener id. The package will not be checked to enforce that it belongs to the
+     * calling uid - this method should only be used if the package will be validated by some other
+     * means, such as an appops call.
+     */
+    public static CallerIdentity fromBinderUnsafe(String packageName,
+            @Nullable String attributionTag) {
+        return new CallerIdentity(Binder.getCallingUid(), Binder.getCallingPid(),
+                packageName, attributionTag);
+    }
+
+    private final int mUid;
+
+    private final int mPid;
+
+    private final String mPackageName;
+
+    private final @Nullable String mAttributionTag;
+
+
+    private CallerIdentity(int uid, int pid, String packageName,
+            @Nullable String attributionTag) {
+        this.mUid = uid;
+        this.mPid = pid;
+        this.mPackageName = Objects.requireNonNull(packageName);
+        this.mAttributionTag = attributionTag;
+    }
+
+    /** The calling UID. */
+    public int getUid() {
+        return mUid;
+    }
+
+    /** The calling PID. */
+    public int getPid() {
+        return mPid;
+    }
+
+    /** The calling package name. */
+    public String getPackageName() {
+        return mPackageName;
+    }
+
+    /** The calling attribution tag. */
+    public String getAttributionTag() {
+        return mAttributionTag;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns true if this represents a system server identity. */
+    public boolean isSystemServer() {
+        return mUid == Process.SYSTEM_UID;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        int length = 10 + mPackageName.length();
+        if (mAttributionTag != null) {
+            length += mAttributionTag.length();
+        }
+
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(length);
+        builder.append(mUid).append("/").append(mPackageName);
+        if (mAttributionTag != null) {
+            builder.append("[");
+            if (mAttributionTag.startsWith(mPackageName)) {
+                builder.append(mAttributionTag.substring(mPackageName.length()));
+            } else {
+                builder.append(mAttributionTag);
+            }
+            builder.append("]");
+        }
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (this == o) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(o instanceof CallerIdentity)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        CallerIdentity that = (CallerIdentity) o;
+        return mUid == that.mUid
+                && mPid == that.mPid
+                && mPackageName.equals(that.mPackageName)
+                && Objects.equals(mAttributionTag, that.mAttributionTag);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(mUid, mPid, mPackageName, mAttributionTag);
+    }
+
+    private static <T> boolean contains(@Nullable T[] array, T value) {
+        return indexOf(array, value) != -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return first index of {@code value} in {@code array}, or {@code -1} if
+     * not found.
+     */
+    private static <T> int indexOf(@Nullable T[] array, T value) {
+        if (array == null) return -1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            if (Objects.equals(array[i], value)) return i;
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/permissions/BroadcastPermissions.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/permissions/BroadcastPermissions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c11c234
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/permissions/BroadcastPermissions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions;
+
+import static android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE_USE;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import androidx.annotation.IntDef;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.identity.CallerIdentity;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+/** Utilities for handling presence broadcast runtime permissions. */
+public class BroadcastPermissions {
+
+    /** Indicates no permissions are present, or no permissions are required. */
+    public static final int PERMISSION_NONE = 0;
+
+    /** Indicates only the Bluetooth advertise permission is present, or is required. */
+    public static final int PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE = 1;
+
+    /** Broadcast permission levels. */
+    @IntDef({
+            PERMISSION_NONE,
+            PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE
+    })
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @Target({TYPE_USE})
+    public @interface BroadcastPermissionLevel {}
+
+    /**
+     * Throws a security exception if the caller does not hold the required broadcast permissions.
+     */
+    public static void enforceBroadcastPermission(Context context, CallerIdentity callerIdentity) {
+        if (!checkCallerBroadcastPermission(context, callerIdentity)) {
+            throw new SecurityException("uid " + callerIdentity.getUid()
+                    + " does not have " + BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE + ".");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the app has the permission to broadcast.
+     *
+     * @return true if the app does have the permission, false otherwise.
+     */
+    public static boolean checkCallerBroadcastPermission(Context context,
+            CallerIdentity callerIdentity) {
+        int uid = callerIdentity.getUid();
+        int pid = callerIdentity.getPid();
+
+        if (!checkBroadcastPermission(
+                getPermissionLevel(context, uid, pid), PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the permission level of the caller. */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    @BroadcastPermissionLevel
+    public static int getPermissionLevel(
+            Context context, int uid, int pid) {
+        boolean isBluetoothAdvertiseGranted =
+                context.checkPermission(BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE, pid, uid)
+                        == PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+        if (isBluetoothAdvertiseGranted) {
+            return PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE;
+        }
+
+        return PERMISSION_NONE;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns false if the given permission level does not meet the required permission level. */
+    private static boolean checkBroadcastPermission(
+            @BroadcastPermissionLevel int permissionLevel,
+            @BroadcastPermissionLevel int requiredPermissionLevel) {
+        return permissionLevel >= requiredPermissionLevel;
+    }
+
+    private BroadcastPermissions() {}
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/permissions/DiscoveryPermissions.java b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/permissions/DiscoveryPermissions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0888ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/java/com/android/server/nearby/util/permissions/DiscoveryPermissions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions;
+
+import static android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE_USE;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import androidx.annotation.IntDef;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.identity.CallerIdentity;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+/** Utilities for handling presence discovery runtime permissions. */
+public class DiscoveryPermissions {
+
+    /** Indicates no permissions are present, or no permissions are required. */
+    public static final int PERMISSION_NONE = 0;
+
+    /** Indicates only the Bluetooth scan permission is present, or is required. */
+    public static final int PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_SCAN = 1;
+
+    // String in AppOpsManager
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static final String OPSTR_BLUETOOTH_SCAN = "android:bluetooth_scan";
+
+    /** Discovery permission levels. */
+    @IntDef({
+            PERMISSION_NONE,
+            PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_SCAN
+    })
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @Target({TYPE_USE})
+    public @interface DiscoveryPermissionLevel {}
+
+    /**
+     * Throws a security exception if the caller does not hold the required scan permissions.
+     */
+    public static void enforceDiscoveryPermission(Context context, CallerIdentity callerIdentity) {
+        if (!checkCallerDiscoveryPermission(context, callerIdentity)) {
+            throw new SecurityException("uid " + callerIdentity.getUid() + " does not have "
+                    + BLUETOOTH_SCAN + ".");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the caller has the permission to scan.
+     */
+    public static boolean checkCallerDiscoveryPermission(Context context,
+            CallerIdentity callerIdentity) {
+        int uid = callerIdentity.getUid();
+        int pid = callerIdentity.getPid();
+
+        return checkDiscoveryPermission(
+                getPermissionLevel(context, uid, pid), PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_SCAN);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the caller is allowed by AppOpsManager to scan.
+     */
+    public static boolean noteDiscoveryResultDelivery(AppOpsManager appOpsManager,
+            CallerIdentity callerIdentity) {
+        return noteAppOpAllowed(appOpsManager, callerIdentity, /* message= */ null);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean noteAppOpAllowed(AppOpsManager appOpsManager,
+            CallerIdentity identity, @Nullable String message) {
+        return appOpsManager.noteOp(asAppOp(PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_SCAN),
+                identity.getUid(), identity.getPackageName(), identity.getAttributionTag(), message)
+                == AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the permission level of the caller. */
+    public static @DiscoveryPermissionLevel int getPermissionLevel(
+            Context context, int uid, int pid) {
+        boolean isBluetoothScanGranted =
+                context.checkPermission(BLUETOOTH_SCAN, pid, uid) == PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+        if (isBluetoothScanGranted) {
+            return PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_SCAN;
+        }
+        return PERMISSION_NONE;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns false if the given permission lev`el does not meet the required permission level. */
+    private static boolean checkDiscoveryPermission(
+            @DiscoveryPermissionLevel int permissionLevel,
+            @DiscoveryPermissionLevel int requiredPermissionLevel) {
+        return permissionLevel >= requiredPermissionLevel;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the app op string according to the permission level. */
+    private static String asAppOp(@DiscoveryPermissionLevel int permissionLevel) {
+        if (permissionLevel == PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_SCAN) {
+            return "android:bluetooth_scan";
+        }
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException();
+    }
+
+    private DiscoveryPermissions() {}
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/proto/Android.bp b/nearby/service/proto/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b00cf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/proto/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+java_library {
+    name: "fast-pair-lite-protos",
+    proto: {
+        type: "lite",
+        canonical_path_from_root: false,
+    },
+    sdk_version: "system_current",
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
+    srcs: ["src/fastpair/*.proto"],
+    apex_available: [
+        "com.android.tethering",
+    ],
+}
+
+java_library {
+    name: "presence-lite-protos",
+    proto: {
+        type: "lite",
+        canonical_path_from_root: false,
+    },
+    sdk_version: "system_current",
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
+    srcs: ["src/presence/*.proto"],
+    apex_available: [
+        "com.android.tethering",
+    ],
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/cache.proto b/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/cache.proto
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4c7c3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/cache.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,427 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+package service.proto;
+import "src/fastpair/rpcs.proto";
+import "src/fastpair/fast_pair_string.proto";
+
+// db information for Fast Pair that gets from server.
+message ServerResponseDbItem {
+  // Device's model id.
+  string model_id = 1;
+
+  // Response was received from the server. Contains data needed to display
+  // FastPair notification such as device name, txPower of device, image used
+  // in the notification, etc.
+  GetObservedDeviceResponse get_observed_device_response = 2;
+
+  // The timestamp that make the server fetch.
+  int64 last_fetch_info_timestamp_millis = 3;
+
+  // Whether the item in the cache is expirable or not (when offline mode this
+  // will be false).
+  bool expirable = 4;
+}
+
+
+// Client side scan result.
+message StoredScanResult {
+  // REQUIRED
+  // Unique ID generated based on scan result
+  string id = 1;
+
+  // REQUIRED
+  NearbyType type = 2;
+
+  // REQUIRED
+  // The most recent all upper case mac associated with this item.
+  // (Mac-to-DiscoveryItem is a many-to-many relationship)
+  string mac_address = 4;
+
+  // Beacon's RSSI value
+  int32 rssi = 10;
+
+  // Beacon's tx power
+  int32 tx_power = 11;
+
+  // The mac address encoded in beacon advertisement. Currently only used by
+  // chromecast.
+  string device_setup_mac = 12;
+
+  // Uptime of the device in minutes. Stops incrementing at 255.
+  int32 uptime_minutes = 13;
+
+  // REQUIRED
+  // Client timestamp when the beacon was first observed in BLE scan.
+  int64 first_observation_timestamp_millis = 14;
+
+  // REQUIRED
+  // Client timestamp when the beacon was last observed in BLE scan.
+  int64 last_observation_timestamp_millis = 15;
+
+  // Deprecated fields.
+  reserved 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9;
+}
+
+
+// Data for a DiscoveryItem created from server response and client scan result.
+// Only caching original data from scan result, server response, timestamps
+// and user actions. Do not save generated data in this object.
+// Next ID: 50
+message StoredDiscoveryItem {
+  enum State {
+    // Default unknown state.
+    STATE_UNKNOWN = 0;
+
+    // The item is normal.
+    STATE_ENABLED = 1;
+
+    // The item has been muted by user.
+    STATE_MUTED = 2;
+
+    // The item has been disabled by us (likely temporarily).
+    STATE_DISABLED_BY_SYSTEM = 3;
+  }
+
+  // The status of the item.
+  // TODO(b/204409421) remove enum
+  enum DebugMessageCategory {
+    // Default unknown state.
+    STATUS_UNKNOWN = 0;
+
+    // The item is valid and visible in notification.
+    STATUS_VALID_NOTIFICATION = 1;
+
+    // The item made it to list but not to notification.
+    STATUS_VALID_LIST_VIEW = 2;
+
+    // The item is filtered out on client. Never made it to list view.
+    STATUS_DISABLED_BY_CLIENT = 3;
+
+    // The item is filtered out by server. Never made it to client.
+    STATUS_DISABLED_BY_SERVER = 4;
+  }
+
+  enum ExperienceType {
+    EXPERIENCE_UNKNOWN = 0;
+    EXPERIENCE_GOOD = 1;
+    EXPERIENCE_BAD = 2;
+  }
+
+  // REQUIRED
+  // Offline item: unique ID generated on client.
+  // Online item: unique ID generated on server.
+  string id = 1;
+
+  // REQUIRED
+  // The most recent all upper case mac associated with this item.
+  // (Mac-to-DiscoveryItem is a many-to-many relationship)
+  string mac_address = 4;
+
+  // REQUIRED
+  string action_url = 5;
+
+  // The bluetooth device name from advertisment
+  string device_name = 6;
+
+  // REQUIRED
+  // Item's title
+  string title = 7;
+
+  // Item's description.
+  string description = 8;
+
+  // The URL for display
+  string display_url = 9;
+
+  // REQUIRED
+  // Client timestamp when the beacon was last observed in BLE scan.
+  int64 last_observation_timestamp_millis = 10;
+
+  // REQUIRED
+  // Client timestamp when the beacon was first observed in BLE scan.
+  int64 first_observation_timestamp_millis = 11;
+
+  // REQUIRED
+  // Item's current state. e.g. if the item is blocked.
+  State state = 17;
+
+  // The resolved url type for the action_url.
+  ResolvedUrlType action_url_type = 19;
+
+  // The timestamp when the user is redirected to Play Store after clicking on
+  // the item.
+  int64 pending_app_install_timestamp_millis = 20;
+
+  // Beacon's RSSI value
+  int32 rssi = 22;
+
+  // Beacon's tx power
+  int32 tx_power = 23;
+
+  // Human readable name of the app designated to open the uri
+  // Used in the second line of the notification, "Open in {} app"
+  string app_name = 25;
+
+  // The timestamp when the attachment was created on PBS server. In case there
+  // are duplicate
+  // items with the same scanId/groupID, only show the one with the latest
+  // timestamp.
+  int64 attachment_creation_sec = 28;
+
+  // Package name of the App that owns this item.
+  string package_name = 30;
+
+  // The average star rating of the app.
+  float star_rating = 31;
+
+  // TriggerId identifies the trigger/beacon that is attached with a message.
+  // It's generated from server for online messages to synchronize formatting
+  // across client versions.
+  // Example:
+  // * BLE_UID: 3||deadbeef
+  // * BLE_URL: http://trigger.id
+  // See go/discovery-store-message-and-trigger-id for more details.
+  string trigger_id = 34;
+
+  // Bytes of item icon in PNG format displayed in Discovery item list.
+  bytes icon_png = 36;
+
+  // A FIFE URL of the item icon displayed in Discovery item list.
+  string icon_fife_url = 49;
+
+  // See equivalent field in NearbyItem.
+  bytes authentication_public_key_secp256r1 = 45;
+
+  // See equivalent field in NearbyItem.
+  FastPairInformation fast_pair_information = 46;
+
+  // Companion app detail.
+  CompanionAppDetails companion_detail = 47;
+
+  // Fast pair strings
+  FastPairStrings fast_pair_strings = 48;
+
+  // Deprecated fields.
+  reserved 2, 3, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 21, 24, 26, 27, 29, 32, 33, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44;
+}
+enum ResolvedUrlType {
+  RESOLVED_URL_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0;
+
+  // The url is resolved to a web page that is not a play store app.
+  // This can be considered as the default resolved type when it's
+  // not the other specific types.
+  WEBPAGE = 1;
+
+  // The url is resolved to the Google Play store app
+  // ie. play.google.com/store
+  APP = 2;
+}
+enum DiscoveryAttachmentType {
+  DISCOVERY_ATTACHMENT_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0;
+
+  // The attachment is posted in the prod namespace (without "-debug")
+  DISCOVERY_ATTACHMENT_TYPE_NORMAL = 1;
+
+  // The attachment is posted in the debug namespace (with "-debug")
+  DISCOVERY_ATTACHMENT_TYPE_DEBUG = 2;
+}
+// Additional information relevant only for Fast Pair devices.
+message FastPairInformation {
+  // When true, Fast Pair will only create a bond with the device and not
+  // attempt to connect any profiles (for example, A2DP or HFP).
+  bool data_only_connection = 1;
+
+  // Additional images that are attached specifically for true wireless Fast
+  // Pair devices.
+  TrueWirelessHeadsetImages true_wireless_images = 3;
+
+  // When true, this device can support assistant function.
+  bool assistant_supported = 4;
+
+  // Features supported by the Fast Pair device.
+  repeated FastPairFeature features = 5;
+
+  // Optional, the name of the company producing this Fast Pair device.
+  string company_name = 6;
+
+  // Optional, the type of device.
+  DeviceType device_type = 7;
+
+  reserved 2;
+}
+
+
+enum NearbyType {
+  NEARBY_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0;
+  // Proximity Beacon Service (PBS). This is the only type of nearbyItems which
+  // can be customized by 3p and therefore the intents passed should not be
+  // completely trusted. Deprecated already.
+  NEARBY_PROXIMITY_BEACON = 1;
+  // Physical Web URL beacon. Deprecated already.
+  NEARBY_PHYSICAL_WEB = 2;
+  // Chromecast beacon. Used on client-side only.
+  NEARBY_CHROMECAST = 3;
+  // Wear beacon. Used on client-side only.
+  NEARBY_WEAR = 4;
+  // A device (e.g. a Magic Pair device that needs to be set up). The special-
+  // case devices above (e.g. ChromeCast, Wear) might migrate to this type.
+  NEARBY_DEVICE = 6;
+  // Popular apps/urls based on user's current geo-location.
+  NEARBY_POPULAR_HERE = 7;
+
+  reserved 5;
+}
+
+// A locally cached Fast Pair device associating an account key with the
+// bluetooth address of the device.
+message StoredFastPairItem {
+  // The device's public mac address.
+  string mac_address = 1;
+
+  // The account key written to the device.
+  bytes account_key = 2;
+
+  // When user need to update provider name, enable this value to trigger
+  // writing new name to provider.
+  bool need_to_update_provider_name = 3;
+
+  // The retry times to update name into provider.
+  int32 update_name_retries = 4;
+
+  // Latest firmware version from the server.
+  string latest_firmware_version = 5;
+
+  // The firmware version that is on the device.
+  string device_firmware_version = 6;
+
+  // The timestamp from the last time we fetched the firmware version from the
+  // device.
+  int64 last_check_firmware_timestamp_millis = 7;
+
+  // The timestamp from the last time we fetched the firmware version from
+  // server.
+  int64 last_server_query_timestamp_millis = 8;
+
+  // Only allows one bloom filter check process to create gatt connection and
+  // try to read the firmware version value.
+  bool can_read_firmware = 9;
+
+  // Device's model id.
+  string model_id = 10;
+
+  // Features that this Fast Pair device supports.
+  repeated FastPairFeature features = 11;
+
+  // Keeps the stored discovery item in local cache, we can have most
+  // information of fast pair device locally without through footprints, i.e. we
+  // can have most fast pair features locally.
+  StoredDiscoveryItem discovery_item = 12;
+
+  // When true, the latest uploaded event to FMA is connected. We use
+  // it as the previous ACL state when getting the BluetoothAdapter STATE_OFF to
+  // determine if need to upload the disconnect event to FMA.
+  bool fma_state_is_connected = 13;
+
+  // Device's buffer size range.
+  repeated BufferSizeRange buffer_size_range = 18;
+
+  // The additional account key if this device could be associated with multiple
+  // accounts. Notes that for this device, the account_key field is the basic
+  // one which will not be associated with the accounts.
+  repeated bytes additional_account_key = 19;
+
+  // Deprecated fields.
+  reserved 14, 15, 16, 17;
+}
+
+// Contains information about Fast Pair devices stored through our scanner.
+// Next ID: 29
+message ScanFastPairStoreItem {
+  // Device's model id.
+  string model_id = 1;
+
+  // Device's RSSI value
+  int32 rssi = 2;
+
+  // Device's tx power
+  int32 tx_power = 3;
+
+  // Bytes of item icon in PNG format displayed in Discovery item list.
+  bytes icon_png = 4;
+
+  // A FIFE URL of the item icon displayed in Discovery item list.
+  string icon_fife_url = 28;
+
+  // Device name like "Bose QC 35".
+  string device_name = 5;
+
+  // Client timestamp when user last saw Fast Pair device.
+  int64 last_observation_timestamp_millis = 6;
+
+  // Action url after user click the notification.
+  string action_url = 7;
+
+  // Device's bluetooth address.
+  string address = 8;
+
+  // The computed threshold rssi value that would trigger FastPair notifications
+  int32 threshold_rssi = 9;
+
+  // Populated with the contents of the bloom filter in the event that
+  // the scanned device is advertising a bloom filter instead of a model id
+  bytes bloom_filter = 10;
+
+  // Device name from the BLE scan record
+  string ble_device_name = 11;
+
+  // Strings used for the FastPair UI
+  FastPairStrings fast_pair_strings = 12;
+
+  // A key used to authenticate advertising device.
+  // See NearbyItem.authentication_public_key_secp256r1 for more information.
+  bytes anti_spoofing_public_key = 13;
+
+  // When true, Fast Pair will only create a bond with the device and not
+  // attempt to connect any profiles (for example, A2DP or HFP).
+  bool data_only_connection = 14;
+
+  // The type of the manufacturer (first party, third party, etc).
+  int32 manufacturer_type_num = 15;
+
+  // Additional images that are attached specifically for true wireless Fast
+  // Pair devices.
+  TrueWirelessHeadsetImages true_wireless_images = 16;
+
+  // When true, this device can support assistant function.
+  bool assistant_supported = 17;
+
+  // Optional, the name of the company producing this Fast Pair device.
+  string company_name = 18;
+
+  // Features supported by the Fast Pair device.
+  FastPairFeature features = 19;
+
+  // The interaction type that this scan should trigger
+  InteractionType interaction_type = 20;
+
+  // The copy of the advertisement bytes, used to pass along to other
+  // apps that use Fast Pair as the discovery vehicle.
+  bytes full_ble_record = 21;
+
+  // Companion app related information
+  CompanionAppDetails companion_detail = 22;
+
+  // Client timestamp when user first saw Fast Pair device.
+  int64 first_observation_timestamp_millis = 23;
+
+  // The type of the device (wearable, headphones, etc).
+  int32 device_type_num = 24;
+
+  // The type of notification (app launch smart setup, etc).
+  NotificationType notification_type = 25;
+
+  // The customized title.
+  string customized_title = 26;
+
+  // The customized description.
+  string customized_description = 27;
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/data.proto b/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/data.proto
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f4fadd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/data.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+package service.proto;
+import "src/fastpair/cache.proto";
+
+// A device that has been Fast Paired with.
+message FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey {
+  // The account key which was written to the device after pairing completed.
+  bytes account_key = 1;
+
+  // The stored discovery item which represents the notification that should be
+  // associated with the device. Note, this is stored as a raw byte array
+  // instead of StoredDiscoveryItem because icing only supports proto lite and
+  // StoredDiscoveryItem is handed around as a nano proto in implementation,
+  // which are not compatible with each other.
+  StoredDiscoveryItem discovery_item = 3;
+
+  // SHA256 of "account key + headset's public address", this is used to
+  // identify the paired headset. Because of adding account key to generate the
+  // hash value, it makes the information anonymous, even for the same headset,
+  // different accounts have different values.
+  bytes sha256_account_key_public_address = 4;
+
+  // Deprecated fields.
+  reserved 2;
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/fast_pair_string.proto b/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/fast_pair_string.proto
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f318c1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/fast_pair_string.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+syntax = "proto2";
+
+package service.proto;
+
+message FastPairStrings {
+  // Required for initial pairing, used when there is a Google account on the
+  // device
+  optional string tap_to_pair_with_account = 1;
+
+  // Required for initial pairing, used when there is no Google account on the
+  // device
+  optional string tap_to_pair_without_account = 2;
+
+  // Description for initial pairing
+  optional string initial_pairing_description = 3;
+
+  // Description after successfully paired the device with companion app
+  // installed
+  optional string pairing_finished_companion_app_installed = 4;
+
+  // Description after successfully paired the device with companion app not
+  // installed
+  optional string pairing_finished_companion_app_not_installed = 5;
+
+  // Description when phone found the device that associates with user's account
+  // before remind user to pair with new device.
+  optional string subsequent_pairing_description = 6;
+
+  // Description when fast pair finds the user paired with device manually
+  // reminds user to opt the device into cloud.
+  optional string retroactive_pairing_description = 7;
+
+  // Description when user click setup device while device is still pairing
+  optional string wait_app_launch_description = 8;
+
+  // Description when user fail to pair with device
+  optional string pairing_fail_description = 9;
+
+  reserved 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,15, 16, 17, 18;
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/rpcs.proto b/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/rpcs.proto
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bce4378
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/proto/src/fastpair/rpcs.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+// RPCs for the Nearby Console service.
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+package service.proto;
+// Response containing an observed device.
+message GetObservedDeviceResponse {
+  // The device from the request.
+  Device device = 1;
+
+  // The image icon that shows in the notification
+  bytes image = 3;
+
+  // Strings to be displayed on notifications during the pairing process.
+  ObservedDeviceStrings strings = 4;
+
+  reserved 2;
+}
+
+message Device {
+  // Output only. The server-generated ID of the device.
+  int64 id = 1;
+
+  // The pantheon project number the device is created under. Only Nearby admins
+  // can change this.
+  int64 project_number = 2;
+
+  // How the notification will be displayed to the user
+  NotificationType notification_type = 3;
+
+  // The image to show on the notification.
+  string image_url = 4;
+
+  // The name of the device.
+  string name = 5;
+
+  // The intent that will be launched via the notification.
+  string intent_uri = 6;
+
+  // The transmit power of the device's BLE chip.
+  int32 ble_tx_power = 7;
+
+  // The distance that the device must be within to show a notification.
+  // If no distance is set, we default to 0.6 meters. Only Nearby admins can
+  // change this.
+  float trigger_distance = 8;
+
+  // Output only. Fast Pair only - The anti-spoofing key pair for the device.
+  AntiSpoofingKeyPair anti_spoofing_key_pair = 9;
+
+  // Output only. The current status of the device.
+  Status status = 10;
+
+
+  // DEPRECATED - check for published_version instead.
+  // Output only.
+  // Whether the device has a different, already published version.
+  bool has_published_version = 12;
+
+  // Fast Pair only - The type of device being registered.
+  DeviceType device_type = 13;
+
+
+  // Fast Pair only - Additional images for true wireless headsets.
+  TrueWirelessHeadsetImages true_wireless_images = 15;
+
+  // Fast Pair only - When true, this device can support assistant function.
+  bool assistant_supported = 16;
+
+  // Output only.
+  // The published version of a device that has been approved to be displayed
+  // as a notification - only populated if the device has a different published
+  // version. (A device that only has a published version would not have this
+  // populated).
+  Device published_version = 17;
+
+  // Fast Pair only - When true, Fast Pair will only create a bond with the
+  // device and not attempt to connect any profiles (for example, A2DP or HFP).
+  bool data_only_connection = 18;
+
+  // Name of the company/brand that will be selling the product.
+  string company_name = 19;
+
+  repeated FastPairFeature features = 20;
+
+  // Name of the device that is displayed on the console.
+  string display_name = 21;
+
+  // How the device will be interacted with by the user when the scan record
+  // is detected.
+  InteractionType interaction_type = 22;
+
+  // Companion app information.
+  CompanionAppDetails companion_detail = 23;
+
+  reserved 11, 14;
+}
+
+
+// Represents the format of the final device notification (which is directly
+// correlated to the action taken by the notification).
+enum NotificationType {
+  // Unspecified notification type.
+  NOTIFICATION_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+  // Notification launches the fast pair intent.
+  // Example Notification Title: "Bose SoundLink II"
+  // Notification Description: "Tap to pair with this device"
+  FAST_PAIR = 1;
+  // Notification launches an app.
+  // Notification Title: "[X]" where X is type/name of the device.
+  // Notification Description: "Tap to setup this device"
+  APP_LAUNCH = 2;
+  // Notification launches for Nearby Setup. The notification title and
+  // description is the same as APP_LAUNCH.
+  NEARBY_SETUP = 3;
+  // Notification launches the fast pair intent, but doesn't include an anti-
+  // spoofing key. The notification title and description is the same as
+  // FAST_PAIR.
+  FAST_PAIR_ONE = 4;
+  // Notification launches Smart Setup on devices.
+  // These notifications are identical to APP_LAUNCH except that they always
+  // launch Smart Setup intents within GMSCore.
+  SMART_SETUP = 5;
+}
+
+// How the device will be interacted with when it is seen.
+enum InteractionType {
+  INTERACTION_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0;
+  AUTO_LAUNCH = 1;
+  NOTIFICATION = 2;
+}
+
+// Features that can be enabled for a Fast Pair device.
+enum FastPairFeature {
+  FAST_PAIR_FEATURE_UNKNOWN = 0;
+  SILENCE_MODE = 1;
+  WIRELESS_CHARGING = 2;
+  DYNAMIC_BUFFER_SIZE = 3;
+  NO_PERSONALIZED_NAME = 4;
+  EDDYSTONE_TRACKING = 5;
+}
+
+message CompanionAppDetails {
+  // Companion app slice provider's authority.
+  string authority = 1;
+
+  // Companion app certificate value.
+  string certificate_hash = 2;
+
+  // Deprecated fields.
+  reserved 3;
+}
+
+// Additional images for True Wireless Fast Pair devices.
+message TrueWirelessHeadsetImages {
+  // Image URL for the left bud.
+  string left_bud_url = 1;
+
+  // Image URL for the right bud.
+  string right_bud_url = 2;
+
+  // Image URL for the case.
+  string case_url = 3;
+}
+
+// Represents the type of device that is being registered.
+enum DeviceType {
+  DEVICE_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+  HEADPHONES = 1;
+  SPEAKER = 2;
+  WEARABLE = 3;
+  INPUT_DEVICE = 4;
+  AUTOMOTIVE = 5;
+  OTHER = 6;
+  TRUE_WIRELESS_HEADPHONES = 7;
+  WEAR_OS = 8;
+  ANDROID_AUTO = 9;
+}
+
+// An anti-spoofing key pair for a device that allows us to verify the device is
+// broadcasting legitimately.
+message AntiSpoofingKeyPair {
+  // The private key (restricted to only be viewable by trusted clients).
+  bytes private_key = 1;
+
+  // The public key.
+  bytes public_key = 2;
+}
+
+// Various states that a customer-configured device notification can be in.
+// PUBLISHED is the only state that shows notifications to the public.
+message Status {
+  // Status types available for each device.
+  enum StatusType {
+    // Unknown status.
+    TYPE_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+    // Drafted device.
+    DRAFT = 1;
+    // Submitted and waiting for approval.
+    SUBMITTED = 2;
+    // Fully approved and available for end users.
+    PUBLISHED = 3;
+    // Rejected and not available for end users.
+    REJECTED = 4;
+  }
+
+  // Details about a device that has been rejected.
+  message RejectionDetails {
+    // The reason for the rejection.
+    enum RejectionReason {
+      // Unspecified reason.
+      REASON_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+      // Name is not valid.
+      NAME = 1;
+      // Image is not valid.
+      IMAGE = 2;
+      // Tests have failed.
+      TESTS = 3;
+      // Other reason.
+      OTHER = 4;
+    }
+
+    // A list of reasons the device was rejected.
+    repeated RejectionReason reasons = 1;
+    // Comment about an OTHER rejection reason.
+    string additional_comment = 2;
+  }
+
+  // The status of the device.
+  StatusType status_type = 1;
+
+  // Accompanies Status.REJECTED.
+  RejectionDetails rejection_details = 2;
+}
+
+// Strings to be displayed in notifications surfaced for a device.
+message ObservedDeviceStrings {
+  // The notification description for when the device is initially discovered.
+  string initial_notification_description = 2;
+
+  // The notification description for when the device is initially discovered
+  // and no account is logged in.
+  string initial_notification_description_no_account = 3;
+
+  // The notification description for once we have finished pairing and the
+  // companion app has been opened. For google assistant devices, this string will point
+  // users to setting up the assistant.
+  string open_companion_app_description = 4;
+
+  // The notification description for once we have finished pairing and the
+  // companion app needs to be updated before use.
+  string update_companion_app_description = 5;
+
+  // The notification description for once we have finished pairing and the
+  // companion app needs to be installed.
+  string download_companion_app_description = 6;
+
+  // The notification title when a pairing fails.
+  string unable_to_connect_title = 7;
+
+  // The notification summary when a pairing fails.
+  string unable_to_connect_description = 8;
+
+  // The description that helps user initially paired with device.
+  string initial_pairing_description = 9;
+
+  // The description that let user open the companion app.
+  string connect_success_companion_app_installed = 10;
+
+  // The description that let user download the companion app.
+  string connect_success_companion_app_not_installed = 11;
+
+  // The description that reminds user there is a paired device nearby.
+  string subsequent_pairing_description = 12;
+
+  // The description that reminds users opt in their device.
+  string retroactive_pairing_description = 13;
+
+  // The description that indicates companion app is about to launch.
+  string wait_launch_companion_app_description = 14;
+
+  // The description that indicates go to bluetooth settings when connection
+  // fail.
+  string fail_connect_go_to_settings_description = 15;
+
+  reserved 1, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24;
+}
+
+// The buffer size range of a Fast Pair devices support dynamic buffer size.
+message BufferSizeRange {
+  // The max buffer size in ms.
+  int32 max_size = 1;
+
+  // The min buffer size in ms.
+  int32 min_size = 2;
+
+  // The default buffer size in ms.
+  int32 default_size = 3;
+
+  // The codec of this buffer size range.
+  int32 codec = 4;
+}
diff --git a/nearby/service/proto/src/presence/blefilter.proto b/nearby/service/proto/src/presence/blefilter.proto
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47f4144
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/service/proto/src/presence/blefilter.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+// Proto Messages define the interface between Nearby nanoapp and its host.
+//
+// Host registers its interest in BLE event by configuring nanoapp with Filters.
+// The nanoapp keeps watching BLE events and notifies host once an event matches
+// a Filter.
+//
+// Each Filter is defined by its id (required) with optional fields of rssi,
+// uuid, MAC etc. The host should guarantee the uniqueness of ids. It is
+// convenient to assign id incrementally when adding a Filter such that its id
+// is the same as the index of the repeated field in Filters.
+//
+// The nanoapp compares each BLE event against the list of Filters, and notifies
+// host when the event matches a Filter. The Field's id will be sent back to
+// host in the FilterResult.
+//
+// It is possible for the nanoapp to return multiple ids when an event matches
+// multiple Filters.
+
+syntax = "proto2";
+
+package service.proto;
+
+// Certificate to verify BLE events from trusted devices.
+// When receiving an advertisement from a remote device, it will
+// be decrypted by authenticity_key and SHA hashed. The device
+// is verified as trusted if the hash result is equal to
+// metadata_encryption_key_tag.
+// See details in go/ns-certificates.
+message PublicateCertificate {
+  optional bytes authenticity_key = 1;
+  optional bytes metadata_encryption_key_tag = 2;
+}
+
+// Public credential returned in BleFilterResult.
+message PublicCredential {
+  optional bytes secret_id = 1;
+  optional bytes authenticity_key = 2;
+  optional bytes public_key = 3;
+  optional bytes encrypted_metadata = 4;
+  optional bytes encrypted_metadata_tag = 5;
+}
+
+message DataElement {
+  enum ElementType {
+    DE_NONE = 0;
+    DE_FAST_PAIR_ACCOUNT_KEY = 1;
+  }
+
+  optional ElementType key = 1;
+  optional bytes value = 2;
+  optional uint32 value_length = 3;
+}
+
+// A single filter used to filter BLE events.
+message BleFilter {
+  optional uint32 id = 1;  // Required, unique id of this filter.
+  // Maximum delay to notify the client after an event occurs.
+  optional uint32 latency_ms = 2;
+  optional uint32 uuid = 3;
+  // MAC address of the advertising device.
+  optional bytes mac_address = 4;
+  optional bytes mac_mask = 5;
+  // Represents an action that scanners should take when they receive this
+  // packet. See go/nearby-presence-spec for details.
+  optional uint32 intent = 6;
+  // Notify the client if the advertising device is within the distance.
+  // For moving object, the distance is averaged over data sampled within
+  // the period of latency defined above.
+  optional float distance_m = 7;
+  // Used to verify the list of trusted devices.
+  repeated PublicateCertificate certficate = 8;
+  // Data Elements for extended properties.
+  repeated DataElement data_element = 9;
+}
+
+message BleFilters {
+  repeated BleFilter filter = 1;
+}
+
+// FilterResult is returned to host when a BLE event matches a Filter.
+message BleFilterResult {
+  optional uint32 id = 1;  // id of the matched Filter.
+  optional uint32 tx_power = 2;
+  optional uint32 rssi = 3;
+  optional uint32 intent = 4;
+  optional bytes bluetooth_address = 5;
+  optional PublicCredential public_credential = 6;
+  repeated DataElement data_element = 7;
+  optional bytes ble_service_data = 8;
+}
+
+message BleFilterResults {
+  repeated BleFilterResult result = 1;
+}
+
+message BleConfig {
+  // True to start BLE scan. Otherwise, stop BLE scan.
+  optional bool start_scan = 1;
+  // True when screen is turned on. Otherwise, set to false when screen is
+  // turned off.
+  optional bool screen_on = 2;
+  // Fast Pair cache expires after this time period.
+  optional uint64 fast_pair_cache_expire_time_sec = 3;
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..845ed84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_test {
+    name: "CtsNearbyFastPairTestCases",
+    defaults: ["cts_defaults"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "androidx.test.ext.junit",
+        "androidx.test.ext.truth",
+        "androidx.test.rules",
+        "bluetooth-test-util-lib",
+        "compatibility-device-util-axt",
+        "ctstestrunner-axt",
+        "truth-prebuilt",
+    ],
+    libs: [
+        "android.test.base",
+        "framework-bluetooth.stubs.module_lib",
+        "framework-connectivity-t.impl",
+    ],
+    srcs: ["src/**/*.java"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "cts",
+        "general-tests",
+        "mts-tethering",
+    ],
+    certificate: "platform",
+    platform_apis: true,
+    sdk_version: "module_current",
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
+    target_sdk_version: "32",
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96e2783
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ -->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    package="android.nearby.cts">
+  <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="32" android:targetSdkVersion="32" />
+  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
+  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
+  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
+  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS" />
+
+  <application>
+    <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner"/>
+  </application>
+
+  <instrumentation android:name="androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
+      android:targetPackage="android.nearby.cts"
+      android:label="CTS tests for android.nearby Fast Pair">
+    <meta-data android:name="listener"
+        android:value="com.android.cts.runner.CtsTestRunListener"/>
+  </instrumentation>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/AndroidTest.xml b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2800069
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Config for CTS Nearby Fast Pair test cases">
+  <!-- Only run tests if the device under test is SDK version 33 (Android 13) or above. -->
+  <object type="module_controller" class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.suite.module.Sdk33ModuleController" />
+
+  <option name="test-suite-tag" value="cts" />
+  <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="component" value="location" />
+  <!-- Instant cannot access NearbyManager. -->
+  <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="not_instant_app" />
+  <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="not_multi_abi" />
+  <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="secondary_user" />
+  <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="all_foldable_states" />
+  <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.suite.SuiteApkInstaller">
+    <option name="cleanup-apks" value="true" />
+    <option name="test-file-name" value="CtsNearbyFastPairTestCases.apk" />
+  </target_preparer>
+  <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.AndroidJUnitTest" >
+    <option name="package" value="android.nearby.cts" />
+  </test>
+  <!-- Only run NearbyUnitTests in MTS if the Nearby Mainline module is installed. -->
+  <object type="module_controller"
+      class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.suite.module.MainlineTestModuleController">
+    <option name="mainline-module-package-name" value="com.google.android.tethering" />
+  </object>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/OWNERS b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1756bba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Bug component: 1092133
+
+chunzhang@google.com
+weiwa@google.com
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/CredentialElementTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/CredentialElementTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2da967
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/CredentialElementTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.CredentialElement;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class CredentialElementTest {
+    private static final String KEY = "SECRETE_ID";
+    private static final byte[] VALUE = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBuilder() {
+        CredentialElement element = new CredentialElement(KEY, VALUE);
+        assertThat(element.getKey()).isEqualTo(KEY);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(element.getValue(), VALUE)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteParcel() {
+        CredentialElement element = new CredentialElement(KEY, VALUE);
+
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        element.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        CredentialElement elementFromParcel = element.CREATOR.createFromParcel(
+                parcel);
+        parcel.recycle();
+        assertThat(elementFromParcel.getKey()).isEqualTo(KEY);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(elementFromParcel.getValue(), VALUE)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void describeContents() {
+        CredentialElement element = new CredentialElement(KEY, VALUE);
+        assertThat(element.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEqual() {
+        CredentialElement element1 = new CredentialElement(KEY, VALUE);
+        CredentialElement element2 = new CredentialElement(KEY, VALUE);
+        assertThat(element1.equals(element2)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(element1.hashCode()).isEqualTo(element2.hashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        CredentialElement [] elements =
+                CredentialElement.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(elements.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/DataElementTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/DataElementTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84814ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/DataElementTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static android.nearby.DataElement.DataType.PRIVATE_IDENTITY;
+import static android.nearby.DataElement.DataType.PROVISIONED_IDENTITY;
+import static android.nearby.DataElement.DataType.PUBLIC_IDENTITY;
+import static android.nearby.DataElement.DataType.SALT;
+import static android.nearby.DataElement.DataType.TRUSTED_IDENTITY;
+import static android.nearby.DataElement.DataType.TX_POWER;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class DataElementTest {
+
+    private static final int KEY = 1;
+    private static final byte[] VALUE = new byte[]{1, 1, 1, 1};
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBuilder() {
+        DataElement dataElement = new DataElement(KEY, VALUE);
+
+        assertThat(dataElement.getKey()).isEqualTo(KEY);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(dataElement.getValue(), VALUE)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteParcel() {
+        DataElement dataElement = new DataElement(KEY, VALUE);
+
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        dataElement.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        DataElement elementFromParcel = DataElement.CREATOR.createFromParcel(
+                parcel);
+        parcel.recycle();
+
+        assertThat(elementFromParcel.getKey()).isEqualTo(KEY);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(elementFromParcel.getValue(), VALUE)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void describeContents() {
+        DataElement dataElement = new DataElement(KEY, VALUE);
+        assertThat(dataElement.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        DataElement[] elements =
+                DataElement.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(elements.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEquals() {
+        DataElement dataElement = new DataElement(KEY, VALUE);
+        DataElement dataElement2 = new DataElement(KEY, VALUE);
+
+        assertThat(dataElement.equals(dataElement2)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testIsIdentity() {
+        DataElement privateIdentity = new DataElement(PRIVATE_IDENTITY, new byte[]{1, 2, 3});
+        DataElement trustedIdentity = new DataElement(TRUSTED_IDENTITY, new byte[]{1, 2, 3});
+        DataElement publicIdentity = new DataElement(PUBLIC_IDENTITY, new byte[]{1, 2, 3});
+        DataElement provisionedIdentity =
+                new DataElement(PROVISIONED_IDENTITY, new byte[]{1, 2, 3});
+
+        DataElement salt = new DataElement(SALT, new byte[]{1, 2, 3});
+        DataElement txPower = new DataElement(TX_POWER, new byte[]{1, 2, 3});
+
+        assertThat(privateIdentity.isIdentityDataType()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(trustedIdentity.isIdentityDataType()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(publicIdentity.isIdentityDataType()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(provisionedIdentity.isIdentityDataType()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(salt.isIdentityDataType()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(txPower.isIdentityDataType()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_notEquals() {
+        DataElement dataElement = new DataElement(KEY, VALUE);
+        DataElement dataElement2 = new DataElement(KEY, new byte[]{1, 2, 1, 1});
+        DataElement dataElement3 = new DataElement(6, VALUE);
+
+        assertThat(dataElement.equals(dataElement2)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(dataElement.equals(dataElement3)).isFalse();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyDeviceParcelableTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyDeviceParcelableTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2907e56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyDeviceParcelableTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class NearbyDeviceParcelableTest {
+
+    private static final String BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:FF:EE";
+    private static final byte[] SCAN_DATA = new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final String FAST_PAIR_MODEL_ID = "1234";
+    private static final int RSSI = -60;
+    private static final int TX_POWER = -10;
+    private static final int ACTION = 1;
+
+    private NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder mBuilder;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        mBuilder =
+                new NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder()
+                        .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE)
+                        .setName("testDevice")
+                        .setMedium(NearbyDevice.Medium.BLE)
+                        .setRssi(RSSI)
+                        .setFastPairModelId(FAST_PAIR_MODEL_ID)
+                        .setBluetoothAddress(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS)
+                        .setData(SCAN_DATA);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 33, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNullFields() {
+        PublicCredential publicCredential =
+                new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                        new byte[] {1},
+                        new byte[] {2},
+                        new byte[] {3},
+                        new byte[] {4},
+                        new byte[] {5})
+                        .build();
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable =
+                new NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder()
+                        .setMedium(NearbyDevice.Medium.BLE)
+                        .setPublicCredential(publicCredential)
+                        .setAction(ACTION)
+                        .setRssi(RSSI)
+                        .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE)
+                        .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                        .setSalt(SALT)
+                        .build();
+
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getName()).isNull();
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getFastPairModelId()).isNull();
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getBluetoothAddress()).isNull();
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getData()).isNull();
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getMedium()).isEqualTo(NearbyDevice.Medium.BLE);
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getRssi()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getAction()).isEqualTo(ACTION);
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getPublicCredential()).isEqualTo(publicCredential);
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT);
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable.getTxPower()).isEqualTo(TX_POWER);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 33, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteParcel() {
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable = mBuilder.build();
+
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        nearbyDeviceParcelable.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable actualNearbyDevice =
+                NearbyDeviceParcelable.CREATOR.createFromParcel(parcel);
+        parcel.recycle();
+
+        assertThat(actualNearbyDevice.getRssi()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(actualNearbyDevice.getFastPairModelId()).isEqualTo(FAST_PAIR_MODEL_ID);
+        assertThat(actualNearbyDevice.getBluetoothAddress()).isEqualTo(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(actualNearbyDevice.getData(), SCAN_DATA)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 33, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteParcel_nullModelId() {
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable = mBuilder.setFastPairModelId(null).build();
+
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        nearbyDeviceParcelable.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable actualNearbyDevice =
+                NearbyDeviceParcelable.CREATOR.createFromParcel(parcel);
+        parcel.recycle();
+
+        assertThat(actualNearbyDevice.getFastPairModelId()).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 33, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteParcel_nullBluetoothAddress() {
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable = mBuilder.setBluetoothAddress(null).build();
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        nearbyDeviceParcelable.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable actualNearbyDevice =
+                NearbyDeviceParcelable.CREATOR.createFromParcel(parcel);
+        parcel.recycle();
+
+        assertThat(actualNearbyDevice.getBluetoothAddress()).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 33, codeName = "T")
+    public void describeContents() {
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable = mBuilder.setBluetoothAddress(null).build();
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 33, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEqual() {
+        PublicCredential publicCredential =
+                new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                        new byte[] {1},
+                        new byte[] {2},
+                        new byte[] {3},
+                        new byte[] {4},
+                        new byte[] {5})
+                        .build();
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable1 =
+                mBuilder.setPublicCredential(publicCredential).build();
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable2 =
+                mBuilder.setPublicCredential(publicCredential).build();
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelable1.equals(nearbyDeviceParcelable2)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable[] nearbyDeviceParcelables =
+                NearbyDeviceParcelable.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(nearbyDeviceParcelables.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyDeviceTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyDeviceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ca5a94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyDeviceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static android.nearby.NearbyDevice.Medium.BLE;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.nearby.FastPairDevice;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice;
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class NearbyDeviceTest {
+    private static final String NAME = "NearbyDevice";
+    private static final String MODEL_ID = "112233";
+    private static final int TX_POWER = -10;
+    private static final int RSSI = -60;
+    private static final String BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:FF:EE";
+    private static final byte[] SCAN_DATA = new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4};
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_isValidMedium() {
+        assertThat(NearbyDevice.isValidMedium(1)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(NearbyDevice.isValidMedium(2)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(NearbyDevice.isValidMedium(0)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(NearbyDevice.isValidMedium(3)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getMedium_fromChild() {
+        FastPairDevice fastPairDevice = new FastPairDevice.Builder()
+                .addMedium(BLE)
+                .setRssi(RSSI)
+                .build();
+
+        assertThat(fastPairDevice.getMediums()).contains(1);
+        assertThat(fastPairDevice.getRssi()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEqual() {
+        FastPairDevice fastPairDevice1 = new FastPairDevice.Builder()
+                .setModelId(MODEL_ID)
+                .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .setBluetoothAddress(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS)
+                .setData(SCAN_DATA)
+                .setRssi(RSSI)
+                .addMedium(BLE)
+                .setName(NAME)
+                .build();
+        FastPairDevice fastPairDevice2 = new FastPairDevice.Builder()
+                .setModelId(MODEL_ID)
+                .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .setBluetoothAddress(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS)
+                .setData(SCAN_DATA)
+                .setRssi(RSSI)
+                .addMedium(BLE)
+                .setName(NAME)
+                .build();
+
+        assertThat(fastPairDevice1.equals(fastPairDevice1)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(fastPairDevice1.equals(fastPairDevice2)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(fastPairDevice1.equals(null)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(fastPairDevice1.hashCode()).isEqualTo(fastPairDevice2.hashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testToString() {
+        FastPairDevice fastPairDevice1 = new FastPairDevice.Builder()
+                .addMedium(BLE)
+                .setRssi(RSSI)
+                .setModelId(MODEL_ID)
+                .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .setBluetoothAddress(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS)
+                .build();
+
+        assertThat(fastPairDevice1.toString())
+                .isEqualTo("FastPairDevice [medium={BLE} rssi=-60 "
+                        + "txPower=-10 modelId=112233 bluetoothAddress=00:11:22:33:FF:EE]");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyFrameworkInitializerTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyFrameworkInitializerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf43cb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyFrameworkInitializerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.NearbyFrameworkInitializer;
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+// NearbyFrameworkInitializer was added in T
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class NearbyFrameworkInitializerTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void testServicesRegistered() {
+        Context ctx = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext();
+        assertThat(ctx.getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE)).isNotNull();
+    }
+
+    // registerServiceWrappers can only be called during initialization and should throw otherwise
+    @Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testThrowsException() {
+        NearbyFrameworkInitializer.registerServiceWrappers();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyManagerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..462d05a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/NearbyManagerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.READ_DEVICE_CONFIG;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG;
+import static android.nearby.PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+import static android.provider.DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_TETHERING;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+
+import android.app.UiAutomation;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+import android.bluetooth.cts.BTAdapterUtils;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastCallback;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice;
+import android.nearby.NearbyManager;
+import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.PrivateCredential;
+import android.nearby.ScanCallback;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * TODO(b/215435939) This class doesn't include any logic yet. Because SELinux denies access to
+ * NearbyManager.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class NearbyManagerTest {
+    private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[]{1, 2};
+    private static final byte[] SECRETE_ID = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] META_DATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY = new byte[14];
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY = new byte[]{0, 1, 1, 1};
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "test_device";
+    private static final int BLE_MEDIUM = 1;
+
+    private Context mContext;
+    private NearbyManager mNearbyManager;
+    private UiAutomation mUiAutomation =
+            InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation();
+
+    private ScanRequest mScanRequest = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+            .setScanType(ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+            .setScanMode(ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
+            .setBleEnabled(true)
+            .build();
+    private  ScanCallback mScanCallback = new ScanCallback() {
+        @Override
+        public void onDiscovered(@NonNull NearbyDevice device) {
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onUpdated(@NonNull NearbyDevice device) {
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onLost(@NonNull NearbyDevice device) {
+        }
+    };
+    private static final Executor EXECUTOR = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        mUiAutomation.adoptShellPermissionIdentity(READ_DEVICE_CONFIG, WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG,
+                BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED);
+        DeviceConfig.setProperty(NAMESPACE_TETHERING,
+                "nearby_enable_presence_broadcast_legacy",
+                "true", false);
+
+        mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
+        mNearbyManager = mContext.getSystemService(NearbyManager.class);
+
+        enableBluetooth();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_startAndStopScan() {
+        mNearbyManager.startScan(mScanRequest, EXECUTOR, mScanCallback);
+        mNearbyManager.stopScan(mScanCallback);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_startScan_noPrivilegedPermission() {
+        mUiAutomation.dropShellPermissionIdentity();
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mNearbyManager
+                .startScan(mScanRequest, EXECUTOR, mScanCallback));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_stopScan_noPrivilegedPermission() {
+        mNearbyManager.startScan(mScanRequest, EXECUTOR, mScanCallback);
+        mUiAutomation.dropShellPermissionIdentity();
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mNearbyManager.stopScan(mScanCallback));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testStartStopBroadcast() throws InterruptedException {
+        PrivateCredential credential = new PrivateCredential.Builder(SECRETE_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY,
+                META_DATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY, DEVICE_NAME)
+                .setIdentityType(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                .build();
+        BroadcastRequest broadcastRequest =
+                new PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(
+                        Collections.singletonList(BLE_MEDIUM), SALT, credential)
+                        .addAction(123)
+                        .build();
+
+        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        BroadcastCallback callback = status -> {
+            latch.countDown();
+            assertThat(status).isEqualTo(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_OK);
+        };
+        mNearbyManager.startBroadcast(broadcastRequest, Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(),
+                callback);
+        latch.await(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+        mNearbyManager.stopBroadcast(callback);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void setFastPairScanEnabled() {
+        mNearbyManager.setFastPairScanEnabled(mContext, true);
+        assertThat(mNearbyManager.getFastPairScanEnabled(mContext)).isTrue();
+        mNearbyManager.setFastPairScanEnabled(mContext, false);
+        assertThat(mNearbyManager.getFastPairScanEnabled(mContext)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    private void enableBluetooth() {
+        BluetoothManager manager = mContext.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class);
+        BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = manager.getAdapter();
+        if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
+            assertThat(BTAdapterUtils.enableAdapter(bluetoothAdapter, mContext)).isTrue();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PresenceBroadcastRequestTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PresenceBroadcastRequestTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71be889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PresenceBroadcastRequestTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static android.nearby.BroadcastRequest.BROADCAST_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE;
+import static android.nearby.BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0;
+import static android.nearby.PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.PrivateCredential;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link PresenceBroadcastRequest}.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class PresenceBroadcastRequestTest {
+
+    private static final int VERSION = PRESENCE_VERSION_V0;
+    private static final int TX_POWER = 1;
+    private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[]{1, 2};
+    private static final int ACTION_ID = 123;
+    private static final int BLE_MEDIUM = 1;
+    private static final byte[] SECRETE_ID = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY = new byte[]{0, 1, 1, 1};
+    private static final byte[] METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY = new byte[]{1, 1, 3, 4, 5};
+    private static final int KEY = 3;
+    private static final byte[] VALUE = new byte[]{1, 1, 1, 1};
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "test_device";
+
+    private PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder mBuilder;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        PrivateCredential credential = new PrivateCredential.Builder(SECRETE_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY,
+                METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY, DEVICE_NAME)
+                .setIdentityType(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                .build();
+        DataElement element = new DataElement(KEY, VALUE);
+        mBuilder = new PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(Collections.singletonList(BLE_MEDIUM), SALT,
+                credential)
+                .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .setVersion(VERSION)
+                .addAction(ACTION_ID)
+                .addExtendedProperty(element);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBuilder() {
+        PresenceBroadcastRequest broadcastRequest = mBuilder.build();
+
+        assertThat(broadcastRequest.getVersion()).isEqualTo(VERSION);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(broadcastRequest.getSalt(), SALT)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(broadcastRequest.getTxPower()).isEqualTo(TX_POWER);
+        assertThat(broadcastRequest.getActions()).containsExactly(ACTION_ID);
+        assertThat(broadcastRequest.getExtendedProperties().get(0).getKey()).isEqualTo(
+                KEY);
+        assertThat(broadcastRequest.getMediums()).containsExactly(BLE_MEDIUM);
+        assertThat(broadcastRequest.getCredential().getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(
+                IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE);
+        assertThat(broadcastRequest.getType()).isEqualTo(BROADCAST_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteParcel() {
+        PresenceBroadcastRequest broadcastRequest = mBuilder.build();
+
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        broadcastRequest.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        PresenceBroadcastRequest parcelRequest = PresenceBroadcastRequest.CREATOR.createFromParcel(
+                parcel);
+        parcel.recycle();
+
+        assertThat(parcelRequest.getTxPower()).isEqualTo(TX_POWER);
+        assertThat(parcelRequest.getActions()).containsExactly(ACTION_ID);
+        assertThat(parcelRequest.getExtendedProperties().get(0).getKey()).isEqualTo(
+                KEY);
+        assertThat(parcelRequest.getMediums()).containsExactly(BLE_MEDIUM);
+        assertThat(parcelRequest.getCredential().getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(
+                IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE);
+        assertThat(parcelRequest.getType()).isEqualTo(BROADCAST_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE);
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void describeContents() {
+        PresenceBroadcastRequest broadcastRequest = mBuilder.build();
+        assertThat(broadcastRequest.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        PresenceBroadcastRequest[] presenceBroadcastRequests =
+                PresenceBroadcastRequest.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(presenceBroadcastRequests.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PresenceDeviceTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PresenceDeviceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea1de6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PresenceDeviceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice;
+import android.nearby.PresenceDevice;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Test for {@link PresenceDevice}.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class PresenceDeviceTest {
+    private static final int DEVICE_TYPE = PresenceDevice.DeviceType.PHONE;
+    private static final String DEVICE_ID = "123";
+    private static final String IMAGE_URL = "http://example.com/imageUrl";
+    private static final int RSSI = -40;
+    private static final int MEDIUM = NearbyDevice.Medium.BLE;
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "testDevice";
+    private static final int KEY = 3;
+    private static final byte[] VALUE = new byte[]{1, 1, 1, 1};
+    private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[]{2, 3};
+    private static final byte[] SECRET_ID = new byte[]{11, 13};
+    private static final byte[] ENCRYPTED_IDENTITY = new byte[]{1, 3, 5, 61};
+    private static final long DISCOVERY_MILLIS = 100L;
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBuilder() {
+        PresenceDevice device =
+                new PresenceDevice.Builder(DEVICE_ID, SALT, SECRET_ID, ENCRYPTED_IDENTITY)
+                        .setDeviceType(DEVICE_TYPE)
+                        .setDeviceImageUrl(IMAGE_URL)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(KEY, VALUE))
+                        .setRssi(RSSI)
+                        .addMedium(MEDIUM)
+                        .setName(DEVICE_NAME)
+                        .setDiscoveryTimestampMillis(DISCOVERY_MILLIS)
+                        .build();
+
+        assertThat(device.getDeviceType()).isEqualTo(DEVICE_TYPE);
+        assertThat(device.getDeviceId()).isEqualTo(DEVICE_ID);
+        assertThat(device.getDeviceImageUrl()).isEqualTo(IMAGE_URL);
+        DataElement dataElement = device.getExtendedProperties().get(0);
+        assertThat(dataElement.getKey()).isEqualTo(KEY);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(dataElement.getValue(), VALUE)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(device.getRssi()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(device.getMediums()).containsExactly(MEDIUM);
+        assertThat(device.getName()).isEqualTo(DEVICE_NAME);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(device.getSalt(), SALT)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(device.getSecretId(), SECRET_ID)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(device.getEncryptedIdentity(), ENCRYPTED_IDENTITY)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(device.getDiscoveryTimestampMillis()).isEqualTo(DISCOVERY_MILLIS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteParcel() {
+        PresenceDevice device =
+                new PresenceDevice.Builder(DEVICE_ID, SALT, SECRET_ID, ENCRYPTED_IDENTITY)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(KEY, VALUE))
+                        .setRssi(RSSI)
+                        .addMedium(MEDIUM)
+                        .setName(DEVICE_NAME)
+                        .build();
+
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        device.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        PresenceDevice parcelDevice = PresenceDevice.CREATOR.createFromParcel(parcel);
+        parcel.recycle();
+
+        assertThat(parcelDevice.getDeviceId()).isEqualTo(DEVICE_ID);
+        assertThat(parcelDevice.getExtendedProperties().get(0).getKey()).isEqualTo(KEY);
+        assertThat(parcelDevice.getRssi()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(parcelDevice.getMediums()).containsExactly(MEDIUM);
+        assertThat(parcelDevice.getName()).isEqualTo(DEVICE_NAME);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void describeContents() {
+        PresenceDevice device =
+                new PresenceDevice.Builder(DEVICE_ID, SALT, SECRET_ID, ENCRYPTED_IDENTITY)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(KEY, VALUE))
+                        .setRssi(RSSI)
+                        .addMedium(MEDIUM)
+                        .setName(DEVICE_NAME)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(device.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        PresenceDevice[] devices =
+                PresenceDevice.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(devices.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PresenceScanFilterTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PresenceScanFilterTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77e7dc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PresenceScanFilterTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static android.nearby.PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter}.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class PresenceScanFilterTest {
+
+    private static final int RSSI = -40;
+    private static final int ACTION = 123;
+    private static final byte[] SECRETE_ID = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY = new byte[]{0, 1, 1, 1};
+    private static final byte[] PUBLIC_KEY = new byte[]{1, 1, 2, 2};
+    private static final byte[] ENCRYPTED_METADATA = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+    private static final byte[] METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG = new byte[]{1, 1, 3, 4, 5};
+    private static final int KEY = 3;
+    private static final byte[] VALUE = new byte[]{1, 1, 1, 1};
+
+
+    private PublicCredential mPublicCredential =
+            new PublicCredential.Builder(SECRETE_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, PUBLIC_KEY,
+                    ENCRYPTED_METADATA, METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
+                    .setIdentityType(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                    .build();
+    private PresenceScanFilter.Builder mBuilder = new PresenceScanFilter.Builder()
+            .setMaxPathLoss(RSSI)
+            .addCredential(mPublicCredential)
+            .addPresenceAction(ACTION)
+            .addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(KEY, VALUE));
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBuilder() {
+        PresenceScanFilter filter = mBuilder.build();
+
+        assertThat(filter.getMaxPathLoss()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(filter.getCredentials().get(0).getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(
+                IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE);
+        assertThat(filter.getPresenceActions()).containsExactly(ACTION);
+        assertThat(filter.getExtendedProperties().get(0).getKey()).isEqualTo(KEY);
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteParcel() {
+        PresenceScanFilter filter = mBuilder.build();
+
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        filter.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        PresenceScanFilter parcelFilter = PresenceScanFilter.CREATOR.createFromParcel(parcel);
+        parcel.recycle();
+
+        assertThat(parcelFilter.getType()).isEqualTo(ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE);
+        assertThat(parcelFilter.getMaxPathLoss()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(parcelFilter.getPresenceActions()).containsExactly(ACTION);
+        assertThat(parcelFilter.getExtendedProperties().get(0).getKey()).isEqualTo(KEY);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void describeContents() {
+        PresenceScanFilter filter = mBuilder.build();
+        assertThat(filter.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        PresenceScanFilter[] filters =
+                PresenceScanFilter.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(filters.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PrivateCredentialTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PrivateCredentialTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa8c954
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PrivateCredentialTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static android.nearby.PresenceCredential.CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+import static android.nearby.PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.CredentialElement;
+import android.nearby.PrivateCredential;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link PrivateCredential}.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class PrivateCredentialTest {
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "myDevice";
+    private static final byte[] SECRETE_ID = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY = new byte[]{0, 1, 1, 1};
+    private static final String KEY = "SecreteId";
+    private static final byte[] VALUE = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+    private static final byte[] METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY = new byte[]{1, 1, 3, 4, 5};
+
+    private PrivateCredential.Builder mBuilder;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        mBuilder = new PrivateCredential.Builder(
+                SECRETE_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY, DEVICE_NAME)
+                .setIdentityType(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                .addCredentialElement(new CredentialElement(KEY, VALUE));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 33, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBuilder() {
+        PrivateCredential credential = mBuilder.build();
+
+        assertThat(credential.getType()).isEqualTo(CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PRIVATE);
+        assertThat(credential.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE);
+        assertThat(credential.getDeviceName()).isEqualTo(DEVICE_NAME);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credential.getSecretId(), SECRETE_ID)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credential.getAuthenticityKey(), AUTHENTICITY_KEY)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credential.getMetadataEncryptionKey(),
+                METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY)).isTrue();
+        CredentialElement credentialElement = credential.getCredentialElements().get(0);
+        assertThat(credentialElement.getKey()).isEqualTo(KEY);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credentialElement.getValue(), VALUE)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 33, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteParcel() {
+        PrivateCredential credential = mBuilder.build();
+
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        credential.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        PrivateCredential credentialFromParcel = PrivateCredential.CREATOR.createFromParcel(
+                parcel);
+        parcel.recycle();
+
+        assertThat(credentialFromParcel.getType()).isEqualTo(CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PRIVATE);
+        assertThat(credentialFromParcel.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credentialFromParcel.getSecretId(), SECRETE_ID)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credentialFromParcel.getAuthenticityKey(),
+                AUTHENTICITY_KEY)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credentialFromParcel.getMetadataEncryptionKey(),
+                METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY)).isTrue();
+        CredentialElement credentialElement = credentialFromParcel.getCredentialElements().get(0);
+        assertThat(credentialElement.getKey()).isEqualTo(KEY);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credentialElement.getValue(), VALUE)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 33, codeName = "T")
+    public void describeContents() {
+        PrivateCredential credential = mBuilder.build();
+        assertThat(credential.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 33, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        PrivateCredential[]  credentials =
+                PrivateCredential.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(credentials.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PublicCredentialTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PublicCredentialTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..774e897
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/PublicCredentialTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static android.nearby.PresenceCredential.CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PUBLIC;
+import static android.nearby.PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.CredentialElement;
+import android.nearby.PresenceCredential;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/** Tests for {@link PresenceCredential}. */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class PublicCredentialTest {
+
+    private static final byte[] SECRETE_ID = new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY = new byte[] {0, 1, 1, 1};
+    private static final byte[] PUBLIC_KEY = new byte[] {1, 1, 2, 2};
+    private static final byte[] ENCRYPTED_METADATA = new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+    private static final byte[] METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG = new byte[] {1, 1, 3, 4, 5};
+    private static final String KEY = "KEY";
+    private static final byte[] VALUE = new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+
+    private PublicCredential.Builder mBuilder;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        mBuilder =
+                new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                                SECRETE_ID,
+                                AUTHENTICITY_KEY,
+                                PUBLIC_KEY,
+                                ENCRYPTED_METADATA,
+                                METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
+                        .addCredentialElement(new CredentialElement(KEY, VALUE))
+                        .setIdentityType(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBuilder() {
+        PublicCredential credential = mBuilder.build();
+
+        assertThat(credential.getType()).isEqualTo(CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PUBLIC);
+        assertThat(credential.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE);
+        assertThat(credential.getCredentialElements().get(0).getKey()).isEqualTo(KEY);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credential.getSecretId(), SECRETE_ID)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credential.getAuthenticityKey(), AUTHENTICITY_KEY)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credential.getPublicKey(), PUBLIC_KEY)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credential.getEncryptedMetadata(), ENCRYPTED_METADATA)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(
+                        Arrays.equals(
+                                credential.getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag(),
+                                METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteParcel() {
+        PublicCredential credential = mBuilder.build();
+
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        credential.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        PublicCredential credentialFromParcel = PublicCredential.CREATOR.createFromParcel(parcel);
+        parcel.recycle();
+
+        assertThat(credentialFromParcel.getType()).isEqualTo(CREDENTIAL_TYPE_PUBLIC);
+        assertThat(credentialFromParcel.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE);
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credentialFromParcel.getSecretId(), SECRETE_ID)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credentialFromParcel.getAuthenticityKey(), AUTHENTICITY_KEY))
+                .isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credentialFromParcel.getPublicKey(), PUBLIC_KEY)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(credentialFromParcel.getEncryptedMetadata(), ENCRYPTED_METADATA))
+                .isTrue();
+        assertThat(
+                        Arrays.equals(
+                                credentialFromParcel.getEncryptedMetadataKeyTag(),
+                                METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEquals() {
+        PublicCredential credentialOne =
+                new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                                SECRETE_ID,
+                                AUTHENTICITY_KEY,
+                                PUBLIC_KEY,
+                                ENCRYPTED_METADATA,
+                                METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
+                        .addCredentialElement(new CredentialElement(KEY, VALUE))
+                        .setIdentityType(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                        .build();
+
+        PublicCredential credentialTwo =
+                new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                                SECRETE_ID,
+                                AUTHENTICITY_KEY,
+                                PUBLIC_KEY,
+                                ENCRYPTED_METADATA,
+                                METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
+                        .addCredentialElement(new CredentialElement(KEY, VALUE))
+                        .setIdentityType(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(credentialOne.equals((Object) credentialTwo)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(credentialOne.equals(null)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testUnEquals() {
+        byte[] idOne = new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4};
+        byte[] idTwo = new byte[] {4, 5, 6, 7};
+        PublicCredential credentialOne =
+                new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                                idOne,
+                                AUTHENTICITY_KEY,
+                                PUBLIC_KEY,
+                                ENCRYPTED_METADATA,
+                                METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
+                        .build();
+
+        PublicCredential credentialTwo =
+                new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                                idTwo,
+                                AUTHENTICITY_KEY,
+                                PUBLIC_KEY,
+                                ENCRYPTED_METADATA,
+                                METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(credentialOne.equals((Object) credentialTwo)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void describeContents() {
+        PublicCredential credential = mBuilder.build();
+        assertThat(credential.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        PublicCredential[] credentials  =
+        PublicCredential.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(credentials.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/ScanRequestTest.java b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/ScanRequestTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de4b1c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/cts/fastpair/src/android/nearby/cts/ScanRequestTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.cts;
+
+import static android.nearby.PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_BALANCED;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_NO_POWER;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.WorkSource;
+
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
+public class ScanRequestTest {
+
+    private static final int UID = 1001;
+    private static final String APP_NAME = "android.nearby.tests";
+    private static final int RSSI = -40;
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testScanType() {
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE)
+                .build();
+
+        assertThat(request.getScanType()).isEqualTo(SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE);
+    }
+
+    // Valid scan type must be set to one of ScanRequest#SCAN_TYPE_
+    @Test(expected = IllegalStateException.class)
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testScanType_notSet_throwsException() {
+        new ScanRequest.Builder().setScanMode(SCAN_MODE_BALANCED).build();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testScanMode_defaultLowPower() {
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+                .build();
+
+        assertThat(request.getScanMode()).isEqualTo(SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER);
+    }
+
+    /** Verify setting work source with null value in the scan request is allowed */
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSetWorkSource_nullValue() {
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+                .setWorkSource(null)
+                .build();
+
+        // Null work source is allowed.
+        assertThat(request.getWorkSource().isEmpty()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    /** Verify toString returns expected string. */
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testToString() {
+        WorkSource workSource = getWorkSource();
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+                .setScanMode(SCAN_MODE_BALANCED)
+                .setBleEnabled(true)
+                .setWorkSource(workSource)
+                .build();
+
+        assertThat(request.toString()).isEqualTo(
+                "Request[scanType=1, scanMode=SCAN_MODE_BALANCED, "
+                        + "enableBle=true, workSource=WorkSource{" + UID + " " + APP_NAME
+                        + "}, scanFilters=[]]");
+    }
+
+    /** Verify toString works correctly with null WorkSource. */
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testToString_nullWorkSource() {
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder().setScanType(
+                SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR).setWorkSource(null).build();
+
+        assertThat(request.toString()).isEqualTo("Request[scanType=1, "
+                + "scanMode=SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER, enableBle=true, workSource=WorkSource{}, "
+                + "scanFilters=[]]");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testisEnableBle_defaultTrue() {
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+                .build();
+
+        assertThat(request.isBleEnabled()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_isValidScanType() {
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.isValidScanType(SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.isValidScanType(SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE)).isTrue();
+
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.isValidScanType(0)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.isValidScanType(5)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_isValidScanMode() {
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.isValidScanMode(SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.isValidScanMode(SCAN_MODE_BALANCED)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.isValidScanMode(SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.isValidScanMode(SCAN_MODE_NO_POWER)).isTrue();
+
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.isValidScanMode(3)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.isValidScanMode(-2)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_scanModeToString() {
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.scanModeToString(2)).isEqualTo("SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY");
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.scanModeToString(1)).isEqualTo("SCAN_MODE_BALANCED");
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.scanModeToString(0)).isEqualTo("SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER");
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.scanModeToString(-1)).isEqualTo("SCAN_MODE_NO_POWER");
+
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.scanModeToString(3)).isEqualTo("SCAN_MODE_INVALID");
+        assertThat(ScanRequest.scanModeToString(-2)).isEqualTo("SCAN_MODE_INVALID");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testScanFilter() {
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder().setScanType(
+                SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE).addScanFilter(getPresenceScanFilter()).build();
+
+        assertThat(request.getScanFilters()).isNotEmpty();
+        assertThat(request.getScanFilters().get(0).getMaxPathLoss()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void describeContents() {
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+                .build();
+        assertThat(request.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        ScanRequest[] requests =
+                ScanRequest.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(requests.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+
+    private static PresenceScanFilter getPresenceScanFilter() {
+        final byte[] secretId = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+        final byte[] authenticityKey = new byte[]{0, 1, 1, 1};
+        final byte[] publicKey = new byte[]{1, 1, 2, 2};
+        final byte[] encryptedMetadata = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        final byte[] metadataEncryptionKeyTag = new byte[]{1, 1, 3, 4, 5};
+
+        PublicCredential credential = new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                secretId, authenticityKey, publicKey, encryptedMetadata, metadataEncryptionKeyTag)
+                .setIdentityType(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                .build();
+
+        final int action = 123;
+        return new PresenceScanFilter.Builder()
+                .addCredential(credential)
+                .setMaxPathLoss(RSSI)
+                .addPresenceAction(action)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    private static WorkSource getWorkSource() {
+        return new WorkSource(UID, APP_NAME);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/OWNERS b/nearby/tests/integration/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4dbde2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Bug component: 1092133
+
+ericth@google.com
+ryancllin@google.com
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3250f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_test {
+    name: "NearbyIntegrationPrivilegedTests",
+    defaults: ["mts-target-sdk-version-current"],
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    certificate: "platform",
+
+    srcs: ["src/**/*.kt"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "androidx.test.ext.junit",
+        "androidx.test.rules",
+        "junit",
+        "truth-prebuilt",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["device-tests"],
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86ec111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+          package="android.nearby.integration.privileged">
+
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_DEVICE_CONFIG" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS" />
+
+    <instrumentation
+        android:name="androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
+        android:targetPackage="android.nearby.integration.privileged"
+        android:label="Nearby Mainline Module Integration Privileged Tests" />
+
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/src/android/nearby/integration/privileged/FastPairSettingsProviderTest.kt b/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/src/android/nearby/integration/privileged/FastPairSettingsProviderTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af3f75f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/src/android/nearby/integration/privileged/FastPairSettingsProviderTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.integration.privileged
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.provider.Settings
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
+import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.junit.runners.Parameterized
+import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameters
+
+data class FastPairSettingsFlag(val name: String, val value: Int) {
+    override fun toString() = name
+}
+
+@RunWith(Parameterized::class)
+class FastPairSettingsProviderTest(private val flag: FastPairSettingsFlag) {
+
+    /** Verify privileged app can enable/disable Fast Pair scan. */
+    @Test
+    fun testSettingsFastPairScan_fromPrivilegedApp() {
+        val appContext = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext<Context>()
+        val contentResolver = appContext.contentResolver
+
+        Settings.Secure.putInt(contentResolver, "fast_pair_scan_enabled", flag.value)
+
+        val actualValue = Settings.Secure.getInt(
+                contentResolver, "fast_pair_scan_enabled", /* default value */ -1)
+        assertThat(actualValue).isEqualTo(flag.value)
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        @JvmStatic
+        @Parameters(name = "{0}Succeed")
+        fun fastPairScanFlags() = listOf(
+            FastPairSettingsFlag(name = "disable", value = 0),
+            FastPairSettingsFlag(name = "enable", value = 1),
+        )
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/src/android/nearby/integration/privileged/NearbyManagerTest.kt b/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/src/android/nearby/integration/privileged/NearbyManagerTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66bab23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/privileged/src/android/nearby/integration/privileged/NearbyManagerTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.integration.privileged
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.nearby.BroadcastCallback
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice
+import android.nearby.NearbyManager
+import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest
+import android.nearby.PresenceCredential
+import android.nearby.PrivateCredential
+import android.nearby.ScanCallback
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+class NearbyManagerTest {
+    private lateinit var appContext: Context
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        appContext = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext<Context>()
+    }
+
+    /** Verify privileged app can get Nearby service. */
+    @Test
+    fun testContextGetNearbySystemService_fromPrivilegedApp_returnsNoneNull() {
+        assertThat(appContext.getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE)).isNotNull()
+    }
+
+    /** Verify privileged app can start/stop scan without exception. */
+    @Test
+    fun testNearbyManagerStartScanStopScan_fromPrivilegedApp_succeed() {
+        val nearbyManager = appContext.getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE) as NearbyManager
+        val scanRequest = ScanRequest.Builder()
+            .setScanMode(ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
+            .setScanType(ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+            .setBleEnabled(true)
+            .build()
+        val scanCallback = object : ScanCallback {
+            override fun onDiscovered(device: NearbyDevice) {}
+
+            override fun onUpdated(device: NearbyDevice) {}
+
+            override fun onLost(device: NearbyDevice) {}
+        }
+
+        nearbyManager.startScan(scanRequest, /* executor */ { it.run() }, scanCallback)
+        nearbyManager.stopScan(scanCallback)
+    }
+
+    /** Verify privileged app can start/stop broadcast without exception. */
+    @Test
+    fun testNearbyManagerStartBroadcastStopBroadcast_fromPrivilegedApp_succeed() {
+        val nearbyManager = appContext.getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE) as NearbyManager
+        val salt = byteArrayOf(1, 2)
+        val secreteId = byteArrayOf(1, 2, 3, 4)
+        val metadataEncryptionKey = ByteArray(14)
+        val authenticityKey = byteArrayOf(0, 1, 1, 1)
+        val deviceName = "test_device"
+        val mediums = listOf(BroadcastRequest.MEDIUM_BLE)
+        val credential =
+            PrivateCredential.Builder(secreteId, authenticityKey, metadataEncryptionKey, deviceName)
+                .setIdentityType(PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                .build()
+        val broadcastRequest: BroadcastRequest =
+            PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(mediums, salt, credential)
+                .addAction(123)
+                .build()
+        val broadcastCallback = BroadcastCallback { }
+
+        nearbyManager.startBroadcast(
+            broadcastRequest, /* executor */ { it.run() }, broadcastCallback
+        )
+        nearbyManager.stopBroadcast(broadcastCallback)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/ui/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..524c838
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_test {
+    name: "NearbyIntegrationUiTests",
+    defaults: ["mts-target-sdk-version-current"],
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    static_libs: ["NearbyIntegrationUiTestsLib"],
+    test_suites: ["device-tests"],
+}
+
+android_library {
+    name: "NearbyIntegrationUiTestsLib",
+    srcs: ["src/**/*.kt"],
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    static_libs: [
+        "androidx.test.ext.junit",
+        "androidx.test.rules",
+        "androidx.test.uiautomator_uiautomator",
+        "junit",
+        "platform-test-rules",
+        "service-nearby-pre-jarjar",
+        "truth-prebuilt",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/ui/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9aea0c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+          package="android.nearby.integration.ui">
+
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.QUERY_ALL_PACKAGES" />
+
+    <instrumentation
+        android:name="androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
+        android:targetPackage="android.nearby.integration.ui"
+        android:label="Nearby Mainline Module Integration UI Tests" />
+
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/ui/AndroidTest.xml b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9dfcf7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+<configuration description="Runs Nearby Mainline Module Integration UI Tests">
+    <!-- Needed for pulling the screen record files. -->
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer"/>
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.suite.SuiteApkInstaller">
+        <option name="test-file-name" value="NearbyIntegrationUiTests.apk" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-tag" value="NearbyIntegrationUiTests" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="mainline-param"
+            value="com.google.android.tethering.next.apex" />
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.AndroidJUnitTest" >
+        <option name="package" value="android.nearby.integration.ui" />
+        <option name="runner" value="androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner" />
+        <option name="hidden-api-checks" value="false"/>
+        <!-- test-timeout unit is ms, value = 5 min -->
+        <option name="test-timeout" value="300000" />
+    </test>
+
+    <!-- Only run NearbyIntegrationUiTests in MTS if the Nearby Mainline module is installed. -->
+    <object type="module_controller"
+            class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.suite.module.MainlineTestModuleController">
+        <option name="mainline-module-package-name" value="com.google.android.tethering" />
+    </object>
+
+    <metrics_collector class="com.android.tradefed.device.metric.FilePullerLogCollector">
+        <option name="directory-keys" value="/data/user/0/android.nearby.integration.ui/files" />
+        <option name="collect-on-run-ended-only" value="true" />
+    </metrics_collector>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/BaseUiTest.kt b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/BaseUiTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..658775b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/BaseUiTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.integration.ui
+
+import android.platform.test.rule.ArtifactSaver
+import android.platform.test.rule.ScreenRecordRule
+import android.platform.test.rule.TestWatcher
+import org.junit.Rule
+import org.junit.rules.TestRule
+import org.junit.rules.Timeout
+import org.junit.runner.Description
+
+abstract class BaseUiTest {
+    @get:Rule
+    var mGlobalTimeout: Timeout = Timeout.seconds(100) // Test times out in 1.67 minutes
+
+    @get:Rule
+    val mTestWatcherRule: TestRule = object : TestWatcher() {
+        override fun failed(throwable: Throwable?, description: Description?) {
+            super.failed(throwable, description)
+            ArtifactSaver.onError(description, throwable)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @get:Rule
+    val mScreenRecordRule: TestRule = ScreenRecordRule()
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/CheckNearbyHalfSheetUiTest.kt b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/CheckNearbyHalfSheetUiTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5a3538e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/CheckNearbyHalfSheetUiTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.integration.ui
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.os.Bundle
+import android.platform.test.rule.ScreenRecordRule.ScreenRecord
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
+import androidx.test.uiautomator.UiDevice
+import androidx.test.uiautomator.Until
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop.EventLoop
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairController
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.FastPairCacheManager
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager
+import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
+import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertWithMessage
+import org.junit.AfterClass
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import service.proto.Cache
+import service.proto.FastPairString.FastPairStrings
+import java.time.Clock
+
+/** An instrumented test to check Nearby half sheet UI showed correctly.
+ *
+ * To run this test directly:
+ * am instrument -w -r \
+ * -e class android.nearby.integration.ui.CheckNearbyHalfSheetUiTest \
+ * android.nearby.integration.ui/androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+class CheckNearbyHalfSheetUiTest : BaseUiTest() {
+    private var waitHalfSheetPopupTimeoutMs: Long
+    private var halfSheetTitleText: String
+    private var halfSheetSubtitleText: String
+
+    init {
+        val arguments: Bundle = InstrumentationRegistry.getArguments()
+        waitHalfSheetPopupTimeoutMs = arguments.getLong(
+            WAIT_HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_KEY,
+            DEFAULT_WAIT_HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_MS
+        )
+        halfSheetTitleText =
+            arguments.getString(HALF_SHEET_TITLE_KEY, DEFAULT_HALF_SHEET_TITLE_TEXT)
+        halfSheetSubtitleText =
+            arguments.getString(HALF_SHEET_SUBTITLE_KEY, DEFAULT_HALF_SHEET_SUBTITLE_TEXT)
+
+        device = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation())
+    }
+
+    /** For multidevice test snippet only. Force overwrites the test arguments. */
+    fun updateTestArguments(
+        waitHalfSheetPopupTimeoutSeconds: Int,
+        halfSheetTitleText: String,
+        halfSheetSubtitleText: String
+    ) {
+        this.waitHalfSheetPopupTimeoutMs = waitHalfSheetPopupTimeoutSeconds * 1000L
+        this.halfSheetTitleText = halfSheetTitleText
+        this.halfSheetSubtitleText = halfSheetSubtitleText
+    }
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        val appContext = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext<Context>()
+        val locator = Locator(appContext).apply {
+            overrideBindingForTest(EventLoop::class.java, EventLoop.newInstance("test"))
+            overrideBindingForTest(
+                FastPairCacheManager::class.java,
+                FastPairCacheManager(appContext)
+            )
+            overrideBindingForTest(FootprintsDeviceManager::class.java, FootprintsDeviceManager())
+            overrideBindingForTest(Clock::class.java, Clock.systemDefaultZone())
+        }
+        val locatorContextWrapper = LocatorContextWrapper(appContext, locator)
+        locator.overrideBindingForTest(
+            FastPairController::class.java,
+            FastPairController(locatorContextWrapper)
+        )
+        val scanFastPairStoreItem = Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem.newBuilder()
+            .setDeviceName(DEFAULT_HALF_SHEET_TITLE_TEXT)
+            .setFastPairStrings(
+                FastPairStrings.newBuilder()
+                    .setInitialPairingDescription(DEFAULT_HALF_SHEET_SUBTITLE_TEXT).build()
+            )
+            .build()
+        FastPairHalfSheetManager(locatorContextWrapper).showHalfSheet(scanFastPairStoreItem)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @ScreenRecord
+    fun checkNearbyHalfSheetUi() {
+        // Check Nearby half sheet showed by checking button "Connect" on the DevicePairingFragment.
+        val isConnectButtonShowed = device.wait(
+            Until.hasObject(NearbyHalfSheetUiMap.DevicePairingFragment.connectButton),
+            waitHalfSheetPopupTimeoutMs
+        )
+        assertWithMessage("Nearby half sheet didn't show within $waitHalfSheetPopupTimeoutMs ms.")
+            .that(isConnectButtonShowed).isTrue()
+
+        val halfSheetTitle =
+            device.findObject(NearbyHalfSheetUiMap.DevicePairingFragment.halfSheetTitle)
+        assertThat(halfSheetTitle).isNotNull()
+        assertThat(halfSheetTitle.text).isEqualTo(halfSheetTitleText)
+
+        val halfSheetSubtitle =
+            device.findObject(NearbyHalfSheetUiMap.DevicePairingFragment.halfSheetSubtitle)
+        assertThat(halfSheetSubtitle).isNotNull()
+        assertThat(halfSheetSubtitle.text).isEqualTo(halfSheetSubtitleText)
+
+        val deviceImage = device.findObject(NearbyHalfSheetUiMap.DevicePairingFragment.deviceImage)
+        assertThat(deviceImage).isNotNull()
+
+        val infoButton = device.findObject(NearbyHalfSheetUiMap.DevicePairingFragment.infoButton)
+        assertThat(infoButton).isNotNull()
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        private const val DEFAULT_WAIT_HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_MS = 30 * 1000L
+        private const val DEFAULT_HALF_SHEET_TITLE_TEXT = "Fast Pair Provider Simulator"
+        private const val DEFAULT_HALF_SHEET_SUBTITLE_TEXT = "Fast Pair Provider Simulator will " +
+                "appear on devices linked with nearby-mainline-fpseeker@google.com"
+        private const val WAIT_HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_KEY = "WAIT_HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_MS"
+        private const val HALF_SHEET_TITLE_KEY = "HALF_SHEET_TITLE"
+        private const val HALF_SHEET_SUBTITLE_KEY = "HALF_SHEET_SUBTITLE"
+        private lateinit var device: UiDevice
+
+        @AfterClass
+        @JvmStatic
+        fun teardownClass() {
+            // Cleans up after saving screenshot in TestWatcher, leaves nothing dirty behind.
+            DismissNearbyHalfSheetUiTest().dismissHalfSheet()
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/DismissNearbyHalfSheetUiTest.kt b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/DismissNearbyHalfSheetUiTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..52d202a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/DismissNearbyHalfSheetUiTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.integration.ui
+
+import android.platform.test.rule.ScreenRecordRule.ScreenRecord
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
+import androidx.test.uiautomator.UiDevice
+import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertWithMessage
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+
+/** An instrumented test to dismiss Nearby half sheet UI.
+ *
+ * To run this test directly:
+ * am instrument -w -r \
+ * -e class android.nearby.integration.ui.DismissNearbyHalfSheetUiTest \
+ * android.nearby.integration.ui/androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+class DismissNearbyHalfSheetUiTest : BaseUiTest() {
+    private val device = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation())
+
+    @Test
+    @ScreenRecord
+    fun dismissHalfSheet() {
+        device.pressHome()
+        device.waitForIdle()
+
+        assertWithMessage("Fail to dismiss Nearby half sheet.").that(
+            device.findObject(NearbyHalfSheetUiMap.DevicePairingFragment.connectButton)
+        ).isNull()
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/NearbyHalfSheetUiMap.kt b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/NearbyHalfSheetUiMap.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b19d5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/NearbyHalfSheetUiMap.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.integration.ui
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.Intent
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager.MATCH_SYSTEM_ONLY
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager.ResolveInfoFlags
+import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo
+import android.util.Log
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
+import androidx.test.uiautomator.By
+import androidx.test.uiautomator.BySelector
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairManager
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.Environment
+import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
+
+/** UiMap for Nearby Mainline Half Sheet. */
+object NearbyHalfSheetUiMap {
+    private val PACKAGE_NAME: String = getHalfSheetApkPkgName()
+    private const val ANDROID_WIDGET_BUTTON = "android.widget.Button"
+    private const val ANDROID_WIDGET_IMAGE_VIEW = "android.widget.ImageView"
+    private const val ANDROID_WIDGET_TEXT_VIEW = "android.widget.TextView"
+
+    object DevicePairingFragment {
+        val halfSheetTitle: BySelector =
+            By.res(PACKAGE_NAME, "toolbar_title").clazz(ANDROID_WIDGET_TEXT_VIEW)
+        val halfSheetSubtitle: BySelector =
+            By.res(PACKAGE_NAME, "header_subtitle").clazz(ANDROID_WIDGET_TEXT_VIEW)
+        val deviceImage: BySelector =
+            By.res(PACKAGE_NAME, "pairing_pic").clazz(ANDROID_WIDGET_IMAGE_VIEW)
+        val connectButton: BySelector =
+            By.res(PACKAGE_NAME, "connect_btn").clazz(ANDROID_WIDGET_BUTTON).text("Connect")
+        val infoButton: BySelector =
+            By.res(PACKAGE_NAME, "info_icon").clazz(ANDROID_WIDGET_IMAGE_VIEW)
+    }
+
+    // Vendors might override HalfSheetUX in their vendor partition, query the package name
+    // instead of hard coding. ex: Google overrides it in vendor/google/modules/TetheringGoogle.
+    fun getHalfSheetApkPkgName(): String {
+        val appContext = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext<Context>()
+        val resolveInfos: MutableList<ResolveInfo> =
+            appContext.packageManager.queryIntentActivities(
+                Intent(FastPairManager.ACTION_RESOURCES_APK),
+                ResolveInfoFlags.of(MATCH_SYSTEM_ONLY.toLong())
+            )
+
+        // remove apps that don't live in the nearby apex
+        resolveInfos.removeIf { !Environment.isAppInNearbyApex(it.activityInfo.applicationInfo) }
+
+        assertThat(resolveInfos).hasSize(1)
+
+        val halfSheetApkPkgName: String = resolveInfos[0].activityInfo.applicationInfo.packageName
+        Log.i("NearbyHalfSheetUiMap", "Found half-sheet APK at: $halfSheetApkPkgName")
+        return halfSheetApkPkgName
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/PairByNearbyHalfSheetUiTest.kt b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/PairByNearbyHalfSheetUiTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27264b51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/ui/src/android/nearby/integration/ui/PairByNearbyHalfSheetUiTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.integration.ui
+
+import android.platform.test.rule.ScreenRecordRule.ScreenRecord
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
+import androidx.test.uiautomator.UiDevice
+import androidx.test.uiautomator.Until
+import org.junit.AfterClass
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+
+/** An instrumented test to start pairing by interacting with Nearby half sheet UI.
+ *
+ * To run this test directly:
+ * am instrument -w -r \
+ * -e class android.nearby.integration.ui.PairByNearbyHalfSheetUiTest \
+ * android.nearby.integration.ui/androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+class PairByNearbyHalfSheetUiTest : BaseUiTest() {
+    init {
+        device = UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation())
+    }
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        CheckNearbyHalfSheetUiTest().apply {
+            setUp()
+            checkNearbyHalfSheetUi()
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @ScreenRecord
+    fun clickConnectButton() {
+        val connectButton = NearbyHalfSheetUiMap.DevicePairingFragment.connectButton
+        device.findObject(connectButton).click()
+        device.wait(Until.gone(connectButton), CONNECT_BUTTON_TIMEOUT_MILLS)
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        private const val CONNECT_BUTTON_TIMEOUT_MILLS = 3000L
+        private lateinit var device: UiDevice
+
+        @AfterClass
+        @JvmStatic
+        fun teardownClass() {
+            // Cleans up after saving screenshot in TestWatcher, leaves nothing dirty behind.
+            device.pressBack()
+            DismissNearbyHalfSheetUiTest().dismissHalfSheet()
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57499e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_test {
+    name: "NearbyIntegrationUntrustedTests",
+    defaults: ["mts-target-sdk-version-current"],
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+
+    srcs: [
+        "src/**/*.java",
+        "src/**/*.kt",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "androidx.test.ext.junit",
+        "androidx.test.rules",
+        "androidx.test.uiautomator_uiautomator",
+        "junit",
+        "kotlin-test",
+        "truth-prebuilt",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["device-tests"],
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d73f6b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+          package="android.nearby.integration.untrusted">
+
+    <instrumentation
+        android:name="androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
+        android:targetPackage="android.nearby.integration.untrusted"
+        android:label="Nearby Mainline Module Integration Untrusted Tests" />
+
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/android/nearby/integration/untrusted/FastPairSettingsProviderTest.kt b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/android/nearby/integration/untrusted/FastPairSettingsProviderTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c549073
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/android/nearby/integration/untrusted/FastPairSettingsProviderTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.integration.untrusted
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.ContentResolver
+import android.provider.Settings
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import kotlin.test.assertFailsWith
+
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+class FastPairSettingsProviderTest {
+    private lateinit var contentResolver: ContentResolver
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        contentResolver = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext<Context>().contentResolver
+    }
+
+    /** Verify untrusted app can read Fast Pair scan enabled setting. */
+    @Test
+    fun testSettingsFastPairScan_fromUnTrustedApp_readsSucceed() {
+        Settings.Secure.getInt(contentResolver,
+                "fast_pair_scan_enabled", /* default value */ -1)
+    }
+
+    /** Verify untrusted app can't write Fast Pair scan enabled setting. */
+    @Test
+    fun testSettingsFastPairScan_fromUnTrustedApp_writesFailed() {
+        assertFailsWith<SecurityException> {
+            Settings.Secure.putInt(contentResolver, "fast_pair_scan_enabled", 1)
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/android/nearby/integration/untrusted/NearbyManagerTest.kt b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/android/nearby/integration/untrusted/NearbyManagerTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7bf9f63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/android/nearby/integration/untrusted/NearbyManagerTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.integration.untrusted
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.nearby.BroadcastCallback
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice
+import android.nearby.NearbyManager
+import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest
+import android.nearby.PresenceCredential
+import android.nearby.PrivateCredential
+import android.nearby.ScanCallback
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.uiautomator.LogcatWaitMixin
+import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
+import org.junit.Assert.assertThrows
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import java.time.Duration
+import java.util.Calendar
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+class NearbyManagerTest {
+    private lateinit var appContext: Context
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        appContext = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext<Context>()
+    }
+
+    /** Verify untrusted app can get Nearby service. */
+    @Test
+    fun testContextGetNearbyService_fromUnTrustedApp_returnsNotNull() {
+        assertThat(appContext.getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE)).isNotNull()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verify untrusted app can't start scan because it needs BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED
+     * permission which is not for use by third-party applications.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun testNearbyManagerStartScan_fromUnTrustedApp_throwsException() {
+        val nearbyManager = appContext.getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE) as NearbyManager
+        val scanRequest = ScanRequest.Builder()
+            .setScanMode(ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
+            .setScanType(ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+            .setBleEnabled(true)
+            .build()
+        val scanCallback = object : ScanCallback {
+            override fun onDiscovered(device: NearbyDevice) {}
+
+            override fun onUpdated(device: NearbyDevice) {}
+
+            override fun onLost(device: NearbyDevice) {}
+        }
+
+        assertThrows(SecurityException::class.java) {
+            nearbyManager.startScan(scanRequest, /* executor */ { it.run() }, scanCallback)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Verify untrusted app can't stop scan because it never successfully registers a callback. */
+    @Test
+    fun testNearbyManagerStopScan_fromUnTrustedApp_logsError() {
+        val nearbyManager = appContext.getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE) as NearbyManager
+        val scanCallback = object : ScanCallback {
+            override fun onDiscovered(device: NearbyDevice) {}
+
+            override fun onUpdated(device: NearbyDevice) {}
+
+            override fun onLost(device: NearbyDevice) {}
+        }
+        val startTime = Calendar.getInstance().time
+
+        nearbyManager.stopScan(scanCallback)
+
+        assertThat(
+            LogcatWaitMixin().waitForSpecificLog(
+                "Cannot stop scan with this callback because it is never registered.",
+                startTime,
+                WAIT_INVALID_OPERATIONS_LOGS_TIMEOUT
+            )
+        ).isTrue()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verify untrusted app can't start broadcast because it needs BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED
+     * permission which is not for use by third-party applications.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun testNearbyManagerStartBroadcast_fromUnTrustedApp_throwsException() {
+        val nearbyManager = appContext.getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE) as NearbyManager
+        val salt = byteArrayOf(1, 2)
+        val secreteId = byteArrayOf(1, 2, 3, 4)
+        val metadataEncryptionKey = ByteArray(14)
+        val authenticityKey = byteArrayOf(0, 1, 1, 1)
+        val deviceName = "test_device"
+        val mediums = listOf(BroadcastRequest.MEDIUM_BLE)
+        val credential =
+            PrivateCredential.Builder(secreteId, authenticityKey, metadataEncryptionKey, deviceName)
+                .setIdentityType(PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                .build()
+        val broadcastRequest: BroadcastRequest =
+            PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(mediums, salt, credential)
+                .addAction(123)
+                .build()
+        val broadcastCallback = BroadcastCallback { }
+
+        assertThrows(SecurityException::class.java) {
+            nearbyManager.startBroadcast(
+                broadcastRequest, /* executor */ { it.run() }, broadcastCallback
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verify untrusted app can't stop broadcast because it never successfully registers a callback.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun testNearbyManagerStopBroadcast_fromUnTrustedApp_logsError() {
+        val nearbyManager = appContext.getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE) as NearbyManager
+        val broadcastCallback = BroadcastCallback { }
+        val startTime = Calendar.getInstance().time
+
+        nearbyManager.stopBroadcast(broadcastCallback)
+
+        assertThat(
+            LogcatWaitMixin().waitForSpecificLog(
+                "Cannot stop broadcast with this callback because it is never registered.",
+                startTime,
+                WAIT_INVALID_OPERATIONS_LOGS_TIMEOUT
+            )
+        ).isTrue()
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        private val WAIT_INVALID_OPERATIONS_LOGS_TIMEOUT = Duration.ofSeconds(5)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/androidx/test/uiautomator/LogcatParser.kt b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/androidx/test/uiautomator/LogcatParser.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..604e6df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/androidx/test/uiautomator/LogcatParser.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package androidx.test.uiautomator
+
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
+import java.util.Date
+import java.util.Locale
+
+/** A parser for logcat logs processing. */
+object LogcatParser {
+    private val LOGCAT_LOGS_PATTERN = "^\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2} \\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}.\\d{3} ".toRegex()
+    private const val LOGCAT_DATE_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS"
+
+    /**
+     * Filters out the logcat logs which contains specific log and appears not before specific time.
+     *
+     * @param logcatLogs the concatenated logcat logs to filter
+     * @param specificLog the log string expected to appear
+     * @param startTime the time point to start finding the specific log
+     * @return a list of logs that match the condition
+     */
+    fun findSpecificLogAfter(
+        logcatLogs: String,
+        specificLog: String,
+        startTime: Date
+    ): List<String> = logcatLogs.split("\n")
+        .filter { it.contains(specificLog) && !parseLogTime(it)!!.before(startTime) }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses the logcat log string to extract the timestamp.
+     *
+     * @param logString the log string to parse
+     * @return the timestamp of the log
+     */
+    private fun parseLogTime(logString: String): Date? =
+        SimpleDateFormat(LOGCAT_DATE_FORMAT, Locale.US)
+            .parse(LOGCAT_LOGS_PATTERN.find(logString)!!.value)
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/androidx/test/uiautomator/LogcatWaitMixin.java b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/androidx/test/uiautomator/LogcatWaitMixin.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86e39dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/integration/untrusted/src/androidx/test/uiautomator/LogcatWaitMixin.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package androidx.test.uiautomator;
+
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.Date;
+
+/** A helper class to wait the specific log appear in the logcat logs. */
+public class LogcatWaitMixin extends WaitMixin<UiDevice> {
+
+    private static final String LOG_TAG = LogcatWaitMixin.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    public LogcatWaitMixin() {
+        this(UiDevice.getInstance(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation()));
+    }
+
+    public LogcatWaitMixin(UiDevice device) {
+        super(device);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Waits the {@code specificLog} appear in the logcat logs after the specific {@code startTime}.
+     *
+     * @param waitTime the maximum time for waiting
+     * @return true if the specific log appear within timeout and after the startTime
+     */
+    public boolean waitForSpecificLog(
+            @NonNull String specificLog, @NonNull Date startTime, @NonNull Duration waitTime) {
+        return wait(createWaitCondition(specificLog, startTime), waitTime.toMillis());
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    Condition<UiDevice, Boolean> createWaitCondition(
+            @NonNull String specificLog, @NonNull Date startTime) {
+        return new Condition<UiDevice, Boolean>() {
+            @Override
+            Boolean apply(UiDevice device) {
+                String logcatLogs;
+                try {
+                    logcatLogs = device.executeShellCommand("logcat -v time -v year -d");
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    Log.e(LOG_TAG, "Fail to dump logcat logs on the device!", e);
+                    return Boolean.FALSE;
+                }
+                return !LogcatParser.INSTANCE
+                        .findSpecificLogAfter(logcatLogs, specificLog, startTime)
+                        .isEmpty();
+            }
+        };
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/OWNERS b/nearby/tests/multidevices/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4dbde2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Bug component: 1092133
+
+ericth@google.com
+ryancllin@google.com
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/README.md b/nearby/tests/multidevices/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b64667c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+# Nearby Mainline Fast Pair end-to-end tests
+
+This document refers to the Mainline Fast Pair project source code in the
+packages/modules/Connectivity/nearby. This is not an officially supported Google
+product.
+
+## About the Fast Pair Project
+
+The Connectivity Nearby mainline module is created in the Android T to host
+Better Together related functionality. Fast Pair is one of the main
+functionalities to provide seamless onboarding and integrated experiences for
+peripheral devices (for example, headsets like Google Pixel Buds) in the Nearby
+component.
+
+## Fully automated test
+
+### Prerequisites
+
+The fully automated end-to-end (e2e) tests are host-driven tests (which means
+test logics are in the host test scripts) using Mobly runner in Python. The two
+phones are installed with the test snippet
+`NearbyMultiDevicesClientsSnippets.apk` in the test time to let the host scripts
+control both sides for testing. Here's the overview of the test environment.
+
+Workstation (runs Python test scripts and controls Android devices through USB
+ADB) \
+├── Phone 1: As Fast Pair seeker role, to scan, pair Fast Pair devices nearby \
+└── Phone 2: As Fast Pair provider role, to simulate a Fast Pair device (for
+example, a Bluetooth headset)
+
+Note: These two phones need to be physically within 0.3 m of each other.
+
+### Prepare Phone 1 (Fast Pair seeker role)
+
+This is the phone to scan/pair Fast Pair devices nearby using the Nearby
+Mainline module. Test it by flashing with the Android T ROM.
+
+### Prepare Phone 2 (Fast Pair provider role)
+
+This is the phone to simulate a Fast Pair device (for example, a Bluetooth
+headset). Flash it with a customized ROM with the following changes:
+
+*   Adjust Bluetooth profile configurations. \
+    The Fast Pair provider simulator is an opposite role to the seeker. It needs
+    to enable/disable the following Bluetooth profile:
+    *   Disable A2DP (profile_supported_a2dp)
+    *   Disable the AVRCP controller (profile_supported_avrcp_controller)
+    *   Enable A2DP sink (profile_supported_a2dp_sink)
+    *   Enable the HFP client connection service (profile_supported_hfpclient,
+        hfp_client_connection_service_enabled)
+    *   Enable the AVRCP target (profile_supported_avrcp_target)
+    *   Enable the automatic audio focus request
+        (a2dp_sink_automatically_request_audio_focus)
+*   Adjust Bluetooth TX power limitation in Bluetooth module and disable the
+    Fast Pair in Google Play service (aka GMS)
+
+```shell
+adb root
+adb shell am broadcast \
+  -a 'com.google.android.gms.phenotype.FLAG_OVERRIDE' \
+  --es package "com.google.android.gms.nearby" \
+  --es user "\*" \
+  --esa flags "enabled" \
+  --esa types "boolean" \
+  --esa values "false" \
+  com.google.android.gms
+```
+
+### Running tests
+
+To run the tests, enter:
+
+```shell
+atest -v CtsNearbyMultiDevicesTestSuite
+```
+
+## Manual testing the seeker side with headsets
+
+Use this testing with headsets such as Google Pixel buds.
+
+The `FastPairTestDataProviderService.apk` is a run-time configurable Fast Pair
+data provider service (`FastPairDataProviderService`):
+
+`packages/modules/Connectivity/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider`
+
+It has a test data manager(`FastPairTestDataManager`) to receive intent
+broadcasts to add or clear the test data cache (`FastPairTestDataCache`). This
+cache provides the data to return to the Fast Pair module for onXXX calls (for
+example, `onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata`) so you can feed the
+metadata for your device.
+
+Here are some sample uses:
+
+*   Send FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata for PixelBuds-A to
+    FastPairTestDataCache \
+    `./fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh -m=718c17
+    -a=../test_data/fastpair/pixelbuds-a_antispoofkey_devicemeta_json.txt`
+*   Send FastPairAccountDevicesMetadata for PixelBuds-A to FastPairTestDataCache
+    \
+    `./fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh
+    -d=../test_data/fastpair/pixelbuds-a_account_devicemeta_json.txt`
+*   Send FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata for Provider Simulator to
+    FastPairTestDataCache \
+    `./fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh -m=00000c
+    -a=../test_data/fastpair/simulator_antispoofkey_devicemeta_json.txt`
+*   Send FastPairAccountDevicesMetadata for Provider Simulator to
+    FastPairTestDataCache \
+    `./fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh
+    -d=../test_data/fastpair/simulator_account_devicemeta_json.txt`
+*   Clear FastPairTestDataCache \
+    `./fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh -c`
+
+See
+[host/tool/fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh](host/tool/fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh)
+for more documentation.
+
+To install the data provider as system private app, consider remounting the
+system partition:
+
+```
+adb root && adb remount
+```
+
+Push it in:
+
+```
+adb push ${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT}/system/app/NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider
+/system/priv-app/
+```
+
+Then reboot:
+
+```
+adb reboot
+```
+
+## Manual testing the seeker side with provider simulator app
+
+The `NearbyFastPairProviderSimulatorApp.apk` is a simple Android app to let you
+control the state of the Fast Pair provider simulator. Install this app on phone
+2 (Fast Pair provider role) to work correctly.
+
+See
+[clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/Android.bp](clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/Android.bp)
+for more documentation.
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db6d191
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_library {
+    name: "NearbyMultiDevicesClientsLib",
+    srcs: ["src/**/*.kt"],
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    static_libs: [
+        "MoblySnippetHelperLib",
+        "NearbyFastPairProviderLib",
+        "NearbyFastPairSeekerSharedLib",
+        "NearbyIntegrationUiTestsLib",
+        "androidx.test.core",
+        "androidx.test.ext.junit",
+        "kotlin-stdlib",
+        "mobly-snippet-lib",
+        "truth-prebuilt",
+    ],
+}
+
+android_app {
+    name: "NearbyMultiDevicesClientsSnippets",
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    certificate: "platform",
+    static_libs: ["NearbyMultiDevicesClientsLib"],
+    optimize: {
+        enabled: true,
+        shrink: false,
+        // Required to avoid class collisions from static and shared linking
+        // of MessageNano.
+        proguard_compatibility: true,
+        proguard_flags_files: ["proguard.flags"],
+    },
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86c10b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    package="android.nearby.multidevices">
+
+    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth" />
+    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS" />
+
+    <application>
+        <meta-data
+            android:name="mobly-log-tag"
+            android:value="NearbyMainlineSnippet" />
+        <meta-data
+            android:name="mobly-snippets"
+            android:value="android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.seeker.FastPairSeekerSnippet,
+                           android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.provider.FastPairProviderSimulatorSnippet" />
+    </application>
+
+    <instrumentation
+        android:name="androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
+        android:label="Nearby Mainline Module Instrumentation Test"
+        android:targetPackage="android.nearby.multidevices" />
+
+    <instrumentation
+        android:name="com.google.android.mobly.snippet.SnippetRunner"
+        android:label="Nearby Mainline Module Mobly Snippet"
+        android:targetPackage="android.nearby.multidevices" />
+
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/proguard.flags b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/proguard.flags
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11938cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/proguard.flags
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Keep all snippet classes.
+-keep class android.nearby.multidevices.** {
+     *;
+}
+
+# Keep AdvertisingSetCallback#onOwnAddressRead callback.
+-keep class * extends android.bluetooth.le.AdvertisingSetCallback {
+     *;
+}
+
+# Do not touch Mobly.
+-keep class com.google.android.mobly.** {
+  *;
+}
+
+# Keep names for easy debugging.
+-dontobfuscate
+
+# Necessary to allow debugging.
+-keepattributes *
+
+# By default, proguard leaves all classes in their original package, which
+# needlessly repeats com.google.android.apps.etc.
+-repackageclasses ""
+
+# Allows proguard to make private and protected methods and fields public as
+# part of optimization. This lets proguard inline trivial getter/setter
+# methods.
+-allowaccessmodification
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/provider/FastPairProviderSimulatorSnippet.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/provider/FastPairProviderSimulatorSnippet.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..922e950
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/provider/FastPairProviderSimulatorSnippet.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.provider
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi
+import android.content.Context
+import android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.provider.controller.FastPairProviderSimulatorController
+import android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.provider.events.ProviderStatusEvents
+import android.os.Build
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.Snippet
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.rpc.AsyncRpc
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.rpc.Rpc
+
+/** Expose Mobly RPC methods for Python side to simulate fast pair provider role. */
+@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
+class FastPairProviderSimulatorSnippet : Snippet {
+    private val context: Context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().context
+    private val fastPairProviderSimulatorController = FastPairProviderSimulatorController(context)
+
+    /** Sets up the Fast Pair provider simulator. */
+    @AsyncRpc(description = "Sets up FP provider simulator.")
+    fun setupProviderSimulator(callbackId: String) {
+        fastPairProviderSimulatorController.setupProviderSimulator(ProviderStatusEvents(callbackId))
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts model id advertising for scanning and initial pairing.
+     *
+     * @param callbackId the callback ID corresponding to the
+     * [FastPairProviderSimulatorSnippet#startProviderSimulator] call that started the scanning.
+     * @param modelId a 3-byte hex string for seeker side to recognize the device (ex: 0x00000C).
+     * @param antiSpoofingKeyString a public key for registered headsets.
+     */
+    @AsyncRpc(description = "Starts model id advertising for scanning and initial pairing.")
+    fun startModelIdAdvertising(
+        callbackId: String,
+        modelId: String,
+        antiSpoofingKeyString: String
+    ) {
+        fastPairProviderSimulatorController.startModelIdAdvertising(
+            modelId,
+            antiSpoofingKeyString,
+            ProviderStatusEvents(callbackId)
+        )
+    }
+
+    /** Tears down the Fast Pair provider simulator. */
+    @Rpc(description = "Tears down FP provider simulator.")
+    fun teardownProviderSimulator() {
+        fastPairProviderSimulatorController.teardownProviderSimulator()
+    }
+
+    /** Gets BLE mac address of the Fast Pair provider simulator. */
+    @Rpc(description = "Gets BLE mac address of the Fast Pair provider simulator.")
+    fun getBluetoothLeAddress(): String {
+        return fastPairProviderSimulatorController.getProviderSimulatorBleAddress()
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the latest account key received on the Fast Pair provider simulator */
+    @Rpc(description = "Gets the latest account key received on the Fast Pair provider simulator.")
+    fun getLatestReceivedAccountKey(): String? {
+        return fastPairProviderSimulatorController.getLatestReceivedAccountKey()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/provider/controller/FastPairProviderSimulatorController.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/provider/controller/FastPairProviderSimulatorController.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2d2659
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/provider/controller/FastPairProviderSimulatorController.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.provider.controller
+
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings
+import android.content.Context
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.FastPairSimulator
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.BluetoothController
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.util.Log
+import com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base64
+
+class FastPairProviderSimulatorController(private val context: Context) :
+    FastPairSimulator.AdvertisingChangedCallback, BluetoothController.EventListener {
+    private lateinit var bluetoothController: BluetoothController
+    private lateinit var eventListener: EventListener
+    private var simulator: FastPairSimulator? = null
+
+    fun setupProviderSimulator(listener: EventListener) {
+        eventListener = listener
+
+        bluetoothController = BluetoothController(context, this)
+        bluetoothController.registerBluetoothStateReceiver()
+        bluetoothController.enableBluetooth()
+        bluetoothController.connectA2DPSinkProfile()
+    }
+
+    fun teardownProviderSimulator() {
+        simulator?.destroy()
+        bluetoothController.unregisterBluetoothStateReceiver()
+    }
+
+    fun startModelIdAdvertising(
+        modelId: String,
+        antiSpoofingKeyString: String,
+        listener: EventListener
+    ) {
+        eventListener = listener
+
+        val antiSpoofingKey = base64().decode(antiSpoofingKeyString)
+        simulator = FastPairSimulator(
+            context, FastPairSimulator.Options.builder(modelId)
+                .setAdvertisingModelId(modelId)
+                .setBluetoothAddress(null)
+                .setTxPowerLevel(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH)
+                .setAdvertisingChangedCallback(this)
+                .setAntiSpoofingPrivateKey(antiSpoofingKey)
+                .setUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation(false)
+                .setDataOnlyConnection(false)
+                .setShowsPasskeyConfirmation(false)
+                .setRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing(true)
+                .build()
+        )
+    }
+
+    fun getProviderSimulatorBleAddress() = simulator!!.bleAddress!!
+
+    fun getLatestReceivedAccountKey() =
+        simulator!!.accountKey?.let { base64().encode(it.toByteArray()) }
+
+    /**
+     * Called when we change our BLE advertisement.
+     *
+     * @param isAdvertising the advertising status.
+     */
+    override fun onAdvertisingChanged(isAdvertising: Boolean) {
+        Log.i("FastPairSimulator onAdvertisingChanged(isAdvertising: $isAdvertising)")
+        eventListener.onAdvertisingChange(isAdvertising)
+    }
+
+    /** The callback for the first onServiceConnected of A2DP sink profile. */
+    override fun onA2DPSinkProfileConnected() {
+        eventListener.onA2DPSinkProfileConnected()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reports the current bond state of the remote device.
+     *
+     * @param bondState the bond state of the remote device.
+     */
+    override fun onBondStateChanged(bondState: Int) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reports the current connection state of the remote device.
+     *
+     * @param connectionState the bond state of the remote device.
+     */
+    override fun onConnectionStateChanged(connectionState: Int) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reports the current scan mode of the local Adapter.
+     *
+     * @param mode the current scan mode of the local Adapter.
+     */
+    override fun onScanModeChange(mode: Int) {
+        eventListener.onScanModeChange(FastPairSimulator.scanModeToString(mode))
+    }
+
+    /** Interface for listening the events from Fast Pair Provider Simulator. */
+    interface EventListener {
+        /** Reports the first onServiceConnected of A2DP sink profile. */
+        fun onA2DPSinkProfileConnected()
+
+        /**
+         * Reports the current scan mode of the local Adapter.
+         *
+         * @param mode the current scan mode in string.
+         */
+        fun onScanModeChange(mode: String)
+
+        /**
+         * Indicates the advertising state of the Fast Pair provider simulator has changed.
+         *
+         * @param isAdvertising the current advertising state, true if advertising otherwise false.
+         */
+        fun onAdvertisingChange(isAdvertising: Boolean)
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/provider/events/ProviderStatusEvents.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/provider/events/ProviderStatusEvents.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2addd77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/provider/events/ProviderStatusEvents.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.provider.events
+
+import android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.provider.controller.FastPairProviderSimulatorController
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.util.postSnippetEvent
+
+/** The Mobly snippet events to report to the Python side. */
+class ProviderStatusEvents(private val callbackId: String) :
+    FastPairProviderSimulatorController.EventListener {
+
+    /** Reports the first onServiceConnected of A2DP sink profile. */
+    override fun onA2DPSinkProfileConnected() {
+        postSnippetEvent(callbackId, "onA2DPSinkProfileConnected") {}
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates the Bluetooth scan mode of the Fast Pair provider simulator has changed.
+     *
+     * @param mode the current scan mode in String mapping by [FastPairSimulator#scanModeToString].
+     */
+    override fun onScanModeChange(mode: String) {
+        postSnippetEvent(callbackId, "onScanModeChange") { putString("mode", mode) }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates the advertising state of the Fast Pair provider simulator has changed.
+     *
+     * @param isAdvertising the current advertising state, true if advertising otherwise false.
+     */
+    override fun onAdvertisingChange(isAdvertising: Boolean) {
+        postSnippetEvent(callbackId, "onAdvertisingChange") {
+            putBoolean("isAdvertising", isAdvertising)
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/FastPairSeekerSnippet.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/FastPairSeekerSnippet.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2c39f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/FastPairSeekerSnippet.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.seeker
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.nearby.FastPairDeviceMetadata
+import android.nearby.NearbyManager
+import android.nearby.ScanCallback
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.FAKE_TEST_ACCOUNT_NAME
+import android.nearby.integration.ui.CheckNearbyHalfSheetUiTest
+import android.nearby.integration.ui.DismissNearbyHalfSheetUiTest
+import android.nearby.integration.ui.PairByNearbyHalfSheetUiTest
+import android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.seeker.data.FastPairTestDataManager
+import android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.seeker.events.PairingCallbackEvents
+import android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.seeker.events.ScanCallbackEvents
+import android.provider.Settings
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.Snippet
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.rpc.AsyncRpc
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.rpc.Rpc
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.util.Log
+
+/** Expose Mobly RPC methods for Python side to test fast pair seeker role. */
+class FastPairSeekerSnippet : Snippet {
+    private val appContext = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext<Context>()
+    private val nearbyManager = appContext.getSystemService(Context.NEARBY_SERVICE) as NearbyManager
+    private val fastPairTestDataManager = FastPairTestDataManager(appContext)
+    private lateinit var scanCallback: ScanCallback
+
+    /**
+     * Starts scanning as a Fast Pair seeker to find provider devices.
+     *
+     * @param callbackId the callback ID corresponding to the {@link FastPairSeekerSnippet#startScan}
+     * call that started the scanning.
+     */
+    @AsyncRpc(description = "Starts scanning as Fast Pair seeker to find provider devices.")
+    fun startScan(callbackId: String) {
+        val scanRequest = ScanRequest.Builder()
+            .setScanMode(ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
+            .setScanType(ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+            .setBleEnabled(true)
+            .build()
+        scanCallback = ScanCallbackEvents(callbackId)
+
+        Log.i("Start Fast Pair scanning via BLE...")
+        nearbyManager.startScan(scanRequest, /* executor */ { it.run() }, scanCallback)
+    }
+
+    /** Stops the Fast Pair seeker scanning. */
+    @Rpc(description = "Stops the Fast Pair seeker scanning.")
+    fun stopScan() {
+        Log.i("Stop Fast Pair scanning.")
+        nearbyManager.stopScan(scanCallback)
+    }
+
+    /** Waits and asserts the HalfSheet showed for Fast Pair pairing.
+     *
+     * @param modelId the expected model id to be associated with the HalfSheet.
+     * @param timeout the number of seconds to wait before giving up.
+     */
+    @Rpc(description = "Waits the HalfSheet showed for Fast Pair pairing.")
+    fun waitAndAssertHalfSheetShowed(modelId: String, timeout: Int) {
+        Log.i("Waits and asserts the HalfSheet showed for Fast Pair model $modelId.")
+
+        val deviceMetadata: FastPairDeviceMetadata =
+            fastPairTestDataManager.testDataCache.getFastPairDeviceMetadata(modelId)
+                ?: throw IllegalArgumentException(
+                    "Can't find $modelId-FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata pair in " +
+                            "FastPairTestDataCache."
+                )
+        val deviceName = deviceMetadata.name!!
+        val initialPairingDescriptionTemplateText = deviceMetadata.initialPairingDescription!!
+
+        CheckNearbyHalfSheetUiTest().apply {
+            updateTestArguments(
+                waitHalfSheetPopupTimeoutSeconds = timeout,
+                halfSheetTitleText = deviceName,
+                halfSheetSubtitleText = initialPairingDescriptionTemplateText.format(
+                    deviceName,
+                    FAKE_TEST_ACCOUNT_NAME
+                )
+            )
+            checkNearbyHalfSheetUi()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Puts a model id to FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata pair into test data cache.
+     *
+     * @param modelId a string of model id to be associated with.
+     * @param json a string of FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata JSON object.
+     */
+    @Rpc(
+        description =
+        "Puts a model id to FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata pair into test data cache."
+    )
+    fun putAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(modelId: String, json: String) {
+        Log.i("Puts a model id to FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata pair into test data cache.")
+        fastPairTestDataManager.sendAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(modelId, json)
+    }
+
+    /** Puts an array of FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata into test data cache.
+     *
+     * @param json a string of FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata JSON array.
+     */
+    @Rpc(description = "Puts an array of FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata into test data cache.")
+    fun putAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(json: String) {
+        Log.i("Puts an array of FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata into test data cache.")
+        fastPairTestDataManager.sendAccountKeyDeviceMetadataJsonArray(json)
+    }
+
+    /** Dumps all FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata from the test data cache. */
+    @Rpc(description = "Dumps all FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata from the test data cache.")
+    fun dumpAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(): String {
+        Log.i("Dumps all FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata from the test data cache.")
+        return fastPairTestDataManager.testDataCache.dumpAccountKeyDeviceMetadataListAsJson()
+    }
+
+    /** Writes into {@link Settings} whether Fast Pair scan is enabled.
+     *
+     * @param enable whether the Fast Pair scan should be enabled.
+     */
+    @Rpc(description = "Writes into Settings whether Fast Pair scan is enabled.")
+    fun setFastPairScanEnabled(enable: Boolean) {
+        Log.i("Writes into Settings whether Fast Pair scan is enabled.")
+        // TODO(b/228406038): Change back to use NearbyManager.setFastPairScanEnabled once un-hide.
+        val resolver = appContext.contentResolver
+        Settings.Secure.putInt(resolver, "fast_pair_scan_enabled", if (enable) 1 else 0)
+    }
+
+    /** Dismisses the half sheet UI if showed. */
+    @Rpc(description = "Dismisses the half sheet UI if showed.")
+    fun dismissHalfSheet() {
+        Log.i("Dismisses the half sheet UI if showed.")
+
+        DismissNearbyHalfSheetUiTest().dismissHalfSheet()
+    }
+
+    /** Starts pairing by interacting with half sheet UI.
+     *
+     * @param callbackId the callback ID corresponding to the
+     * {@link FastPairSeekerSnippet#startPairing} call that started the pairing.
+     */
+    @AsyncRpc(description = "Starts pairing by interacting with half sheet UI.")
+    fun startPairing(callbackId: String) {
+        Log.i("Starts pairing by interacting with half sheet UI.")
+
+        PairByNearbyHalfSheetUiTest().clickConnectButton()
+        fastPairTestDataManager.registerDataReceiveListener(PairingCallbackEvents(callbackId))
+    }
+
+    /** Invokes when the snippet runner shutting down. */
+    override fun shutdown() {
+        super.shutdown()
+
+        Log.i("Resets the Fast Pair test data cache.")
+        fastPairTestDataManager.unregisterDataReceiveListener()
+        fastPairTestDataManager.sendResetCache()
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/data/FastPairTestDataManager.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/data/FastPairTestDataManager.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..239ac61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/data/FastPairTestDataManager.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.seeker.data
+
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.Intent
+import android.content.IntentFilter
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.ACTION_RESET_TEST_DATA_CACHE
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.ACTION_SEND_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.ACTION_WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.DATA_MODEL_ID_STRING_KEY
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.FastPairTestDataCache
+import android.util.Log
+
+/** Manage local FastPairTestDataCache and send to/sync from the remote cache in data provider. */
+class FastPairTestDataManager(private val context: Context) : BroadcastReceiver() {
+    val testDataCache = FastPairTestDataCache()
+    var listener: EventListener? = null
+
+    /** Puts a model id to FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata pair into local and remote cache.
+     *
+     * @param modelId a string of model id to be associated with.
+     * @param json a string of FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata JSON object.
+     */
+    fun sendAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(modelId: String, json: String) {
+        Intent().also { intent ->
+            intent.action = ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA
+            intent.putExtra(DATA_MODEL_ID_STRING_KEY, modelId)
+            intent.putExtra(DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY, json)
+            context.sendBroadcast(intent)
+        }
+        testDataCache.putAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(modelId, json)
+    }
+
+    /** Puts account key device metadata array to local and remote cache.
+     *
+     * @param json a string of FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata JSON array.
+     */
+    fun sendAccountKeyDeviceMetadataJsonArray(json: String) {
+        Intent().also { intent ->
+            intent.action = ACTION_SEND_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA
+            intent.putExtra(DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY, json)
+            context.sendBroadcast(intent)
+        }
+        testDataCache.putAccountKeyDeviceMetadataJsonArray(json)
+    }
+
+    /** Clears local and remote cache. */
+    fun sendResetCache() {
+        context.sendBroadcast(Intent(ACTION_RESET_TEST_DATA_CACHE))
+        testDataCache.reset()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback method for receiving Intent broadcast from FastPairTestDataProvider.
+     *
+     * See [BroadcastReceiver#onReceive].
+     *
+     * @param context the Context in which the receiver is running.
+     * @param intent the Intent being received.
+     */
+    override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
+        when (intent.action) {
+            ACTION_WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA -> {
+                Log.d(TAG, "ACTION_WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA received!")
+                val json = intent.getStringExtra(DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY)!!
+                testDataCache.putAccountKeyDeviceMetadataJsonObject(json)
+                listener?.onManageFastPairAccountDevice(json)
+            }
+            else -> Log.d(TAG, "Unknown action received!")
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun registerDataReceiveListener(listener: EventListener) {
+        this.listener = listener
+        val bondStateFilter = IntentFilter(ACTION_WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA)
+        context.registerReceiver(this, bondStateFilter)
+    }
+
+    fun unregisterDataReceiveListener() {
+        this.listener = null
+        context.unregisterReceiver(this)
+    }
+
+    /** Interface for listening the data receive from the remote cache in data provider. */
+    interface EventListener {
+        /** Reports a FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata write into the cache.
+         *
+         * @param json the FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata as JSON object string.
+         */
+        fun onManageFastPairAccountDevice(json: String)
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        private const val TAG = "FastPairTestDataManager"
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/events/PairingCallbackEvents.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/events/PairingCallbackEvents.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19de1d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/events/PairingCallbackEvents.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.seeker.events
+
+import android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.seeker.data.FastPairTestDataManager
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.util.postSnippetEvent
+
+/** The Mobly snippet events to report to the Python side. */
+class PairingCallbackEvents(private val callbackId: String) :
+    FastPairTestDataManager.EventListener {
+
+    /** Reports a FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata write into the cache.
+     *
+     * @param json the FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata as JSON object string.
+     */
+    override fun onManageFastPairAccountDevice(json: String) {
+        postSnippetEvent(callbackId, "onManageAccountDevice") {
+            putString("accountDeviceJsonString", json)
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/events/ScanCallbackEvents.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/events/ScanCallbackEvents.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..363355f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/src/android/nearby/multidevices/fastpair/seeker/events/ScanCallbackEvents.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.multidevices.fastpair.seeker.events
+
+import android.nearby.NearbyDevice
+import android.nearby.ScanCallback
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.util.postSnippetEvent
+
+/** The Mobly snippet events to report to the Python side. */
+class ScanCallbackEvents(private val callbackId: String) : ScanCallback {
+
+    override fun onDiscovered(device: NearbyDevice) {
+        postSnippetEvent(callbackId, "onDiscovered") {
+            putString("device", device.toString())
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun onUpdated(device: NearbyDevice) {
+        postSnippetEvent(callbackId, "onUpdated") {
+            putString("device", device.toString())
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun onLost(device: NearbyDevice) {
+        postSnippetEvent(callbackId, "onLost") {
+            putString("device", device.toString())
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b406776
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_library {
+    name: "NearbyFastPairSeekerSharedLib",
+    srcs: ["shared/**/*.kt"],
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    static_libs: [
+        // TODO(b/228406038): Remove "framework-nearby-static" once Fast Pair system APIs add back.
+        "framework-nearby-static",
+        "gson",
+        "guava",
+    ],
+}
+
+android_library {
+    name: "NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProviderLib",
+    srcs: ["src/**/*.kt"],
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    static_libs: ["NearbyFastPairSeekerSharedLib"],
+}
+
+android_app {
+    name: "NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider",
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    certificate: "platform",
+    static_libs: ["NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProviderLib"],
+    optimize: {
+        enabled: true,
+        shrink: true,
+        proguard_flags_files: ["proguard.flags"],
+    },
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d62f04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    package="android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.dataprovider">
+
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS" />
+
+    <application>
+        <!-- Fast Pair Data Provider Service which acts as an "overlay" to the
+             framework Fast Pair Data Provider. Only supported on Android T and later.
+             All overlays are protected from non-system access via WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS.
+             Must stay in the same process as Nearby Discovery Service.
+        -->
+        <service
+            android:name=".FastPairTestDataProviderService"
+            android:exported="true"
+            android:permission="android.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS"
+            android:visibleToInstantApps="true">
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.nearby.action.FAST_PAIR_DATA_PROVIDER" />
+            </intent-filter>
+
+            <meta-data
+                android:name="instantapps.clients.allowed"
+                android:value="true" />
+            <meta-data
+                android:name="serviceVersion"
+                android:value="1" />
+        </service>
+    </application>
+
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/proguard.flags b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/proguard.flags
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15debab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/proguard.flags
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Keep all receivers/service classes.
+-keep class android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.** {
+     *;
+}
+
+# Keep names for easy debugging.
+-dontobfuscate
+
+# Necessary to allow debugging.
+-keepattributes *
+
+# By default, proguard leaves all classes in their original package, which
+# needlessly repeats com.google.android.apps.etc.
+-repackageclasses ""
+
+# Allows proguard to make private and protected methods and fields public as
+# part of optimization. This lets proguard inline trivial getter/setter
+# methods.
+-allowaccessmodification
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/shared/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/Constants.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/shared/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/Constants.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6070140
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/shared/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/Constants.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.seeker
+
+const val FAKE_TEST_ACCOUNT_NAME = "nearby-mainline-fpseeker@google.com"
+
+const val ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA =
+    "android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.action.ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA"
+const val ACTION_SEND_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA =
+    "android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.action.ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA"
+const val ACTION_RESET_TEST_DATA_CACHE = "android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.action.RESET"
+const val ACTION_WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA =
+    "android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.action.WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA"
+
+const val DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY = "json"
+const val DATA_MODEL_ID_STRING_KEY = "modelId"
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/shared/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/FastPairTestDataCache.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/shared/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/FastPairTestDataCache.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fb8832
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/shared/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/FastPairTestDataCache.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.seeker
+
+import android.nearby.FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata
+import android.nearby.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata
+import android.nearby.FastPairDeviceMetadata
+import android.nearby.FastPairDiscoveryItem
+import com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding
+import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder
+import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName
+
+/** Manage a cache of Fast Pair test data for testing. */
+class FastPairTestDataCache {
+    private val gson = GsonBuilder().disableHtmlEscaping().create()
+    private val accountKeyDeviceMetadataList = mutableListOf<FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata>()
+    private val antispoofKeyDeviceMetadataDataMap =
+        mutableMapOf<String, FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataData>()
+
+    fun putAccountKeyDeviceMetadataJsonArray(json: String) {
+        accountKeyDeviceMetadataList +=
+            gson.fromJson(json, Array<FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataData>::class.java)
+                .map { it.toFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata() }
+    }
+
+    fun putAccountKeyDeviceMetadataJsonObject(json: String) {
+        accountKeyDeviceMetadataList +=
+            gson.fromJson(json, FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataData::class.java)
+                .toFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata()
+    }
+
+    fun putAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(accountKeyDeviceMetadata: FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata) {
+        accountKeyDeviceMetadataList += accountKeyDeviceMetadata
+    }
+
+    fun getAccountKeyDeviceMetadataList(): List<FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata> =
+        accountKeyDeviceMetadataList.toList()
+
+    fun dumpAccountKeyDeviceMetadataAsJson(metadata: FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata): String =
+        gson.toJson(FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataData(metadata))
+
+    fun dumpAccountKeyDeviceMetadataListAsJson(): String =
+        gson.toJson(accountKeyDeviceMetadataList.map { FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataData(it) })
+
+    fun putAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(modelId: String, json: String) {
+        antispoofKeyDeviceMetadataDataMap[modelId] =
+            gson.fromJson(json, FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataData::class.java)
+    }
+
+    fun getAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(modelId: String): FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata? {
+        return antispoofKeyDeviceMetadataDataMap[modelId]?.toFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata()
+    }
+
+    fun getFastPairDeviceMetadata(modelId: String): FastPairDeviceMetadata? =
+        antispoofKeyDeviceMetadataDataMap[modelId]?.deviceMeta?.toFastPairDeviceMetadata()
+
+    fun reset() {
+        accountKeyDeviceMetadataList.clear()
+        antispoofKeyDeviceMetadataDataMap.clear()
+    }
+
+    data class FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataData(
+        @SerializedName("account_key") val accountKey: String?,
+        @SerializedName("sha256_account_key_public_address") val accountKeyPublicAddress: String?,
+        @SerializedName("fast_pair_device_metadata") val deviceMeta: FastPairDeviceMetadataData?,
+        @SerializedName("fast_pair_discovery_item") val discoveryItem: FastPairDiscoveryItemData?
+    ) {
+        constructor(meta: FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata) : this(
+            accountKey = meta.deviceAccountKey?.base64Encode(),
+            accountKeyPublicAddress = meta.sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress?.base64Encode(),
+            deviceMeta = meta.fastPairDeviceMetadata?.let { FastPairDeviceMetadataData(it) },
+            discoveryItem = meta.fastPairDiscoveryItem?.let { FastPairDiscoveryItemData(it) }
+        )
+
+        fun toFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(): FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata {
+            return FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata.Builder()
+                .setDeviceAccountKey(accountKey?.base64Decode())
+                .setSha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress(accountKeyPublicAddress?.base64Decode())
+                .setFastPairDeviceMetadata(deviceMeta?.toFastPairDeviceMetadata())
+                .setFastPairDiscoveryItem(discoveryItem?.toFastPairDiscoveryItem())
+                .build()
+        }
+    }
+
+    data class FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataData(
+        @SerializedName("anti_spoofing_public_key_str") val antispoofPublicKey: String?,
+        @SerializedName("fast_pair_device_metadata") val deviceMeta: FastPairDeviceMetadataData?
+    ) {
+        fun toFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(): FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata {
+            return FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.Builder()
+                .setAntispoofPublicKey(antispoofPublicKey?.base64Decode())
+                .setFastPairDeviceMetadata(deviceMeta?.toFastPairDeviceMetadata())
+                .build()
+        }
+    }
+
+    data class FastPairDeviceMetadataData(
+        @SerializedName("ble_tx_power") val bleTxPower: Int,
+        @SerializedName("connect_success_companion_app_installed") val compAppInstalled: String?,
+        @SerializedName("connect_success_companion_app_not_installed") val comAppNotIns: String?,
+        @SerializedName("device_type") val deviceType: Int,
+        @SerializedName("download_companion_app_description") val downloadComApp: String?,
+        @SerializedName("fail_connect_go_to_settings_description") val failConnectDes: String?,
+        @SerializedName("image_url") val imageUrl: String?,
+        @SerializedName("initial_notification_description") val initNotification: String?,
+        @SerializedName("initial_notification_description_no_account") val initNoAccount: String?,
+        @SerializedName("initial_pairing_description") val initialPairingDescription: String?,
+        @SerializedName("intent_uri") val intentUri: String?,
+        @SerializedName("name") val name: String?,
+        @SerializedName("open_companion_app_description") val openCompanionAppDescription: String?,
+        @SerializedName("retroactive_pairing_description") val retroactivePairingDes: String?,
+        @SerializedName("subsequent_pairing_description") val subsequentPairingDescription: String?,
+        @SerializedName("trigger_distance") val triggerDistance: Double,
+        @SerializedName("case_url") val trueWirelessImageUrlCase: String?,
+        @SerializedName("left_bud_url") val trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud: String?,
+        @SerializedName("right_bud_url") val trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud: String?,
+        @SerializedName("unable_to_connect_description") val unableToConnectDescription: String?,
+        @SerializedName("unable_to_connect_title") val unableToConnectTitle: String?,
+        @SerializedName("update_companion_app_description") val updateCompAppDes: String?,
+        @SerializedName("wait_launch_companion_app_description") val waitLaunchCompApp: String?
+    ) {
+        constructor(meta: FastPairDeviceMetadata) : this(
+            bleTxPower = meta.bleTxPower,
+            compAppInstalled = meta.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled,
+            comAppNotIns = meta.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled,
+            deviceType = meta.deviceType,
+            downloadComApp = meta.downloadCompanionAppDescription,
+            failConnectDes = meta.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription,
+            imageUrl = meta.imageUrl,
+            initNotification = meta.initialNotificationDescription,
+            initNoAccount = meta.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount,
+            initialPairingDescription = meta.initialPairingDescription,
+            intentUri = meta.intentUri,
+            name = meta.name,
+            openCompanionAppDescription = meta.openCompanionAppDescription,
+            retroactivePairingDes = meta.retroactivePairingDescription,
+            subsequentPairingDescription = meta.subsequentPairingDescription,
+            triggerDistance = meta.triggerDistance.toDouble(),
+            trueWirelessImageUrlCase = meta.trueWirelessImageUrlCase,
+            trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud = meta.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud,
+            trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud = meta.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud,
+            unableToConnectDescription = meta.unableToConnectDescription,
+            unableToConnectTitle = meta.unableToConnectTitle,
+            updateCompAppDes = meta.updateCompanionAppDescription,
+            waitLaunchCompApp = meta.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription
+        )
+
+        fun toFastPairDeviceMetadata(): FastPairDeviceMetadata {
+            return FastPairDeviceMetadata.Builder()
+                .setBleTxPower(bleTxPower)
+                .setConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled(compAppInstalled)
+                .setConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled(comAppNotIns)
+                .setDeviceType(deviceType)
+                .setDownloadCompanionAppDescription(downloadComApp)
+                .setFailConnectGoToSettingsDescription(failConnectDes)
+                .setImageUrl(imageUrl)
+                .setInitialNotificationDescription(initNotification)
+                .setInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount(initNoAccount)
+                .setInitialPairingDescription(initialPairingDescription)
+                .setIntentUri(intentUri)
+                .setName(name)
+                .setOpenCompanionAppDescription(openCompanionAppDescription)
+                .setRetroactivePairingDescription(retroactivePairingDes)
+                .setSubsequentPairingDescription(subsequentPairingDescription)
+                .setTriggerDistance(triggerDistance.toFloat())
+                .setTrueWirelessImageUrlCase(trueWirelessImageUrlCase)
+                .setTrueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud(trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud)
+                .setTrueWirelessImageUrlRightBud(trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud)
+                .setUnableToConnectDescription(unableToConnectDescription)
+                .setUnableToConnectTitle(unableToConnectTitle)
+                .setUpdateCompanionAppDescription(updateCompAppDes)
+                .setWaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription(waitLaunchCompApp)
+                .build()
+        }
+    }
+
+    data class FastPairDiscoveryItemData(
+        @SerializedName("action_url") val actionUrl: String?,
+        @SerializedName("action_url_type") val actionUrlType: Int,
+        @SerializedName("app_name") val appName: String?,
+        @SerializedName("authentication_public_key_secp256r1") val authenticationPublicKey: String?,
+        @SerializedName("description") val description: String?,
+        @SerializedName("device_name") val deviceName: String?,
+        @SerializedName("display_url") val displayUrl: String?,
+        @SerializedName("first_observation_timestamp_millis") val firstObservationMs: Long,
+        @SerializedName("icon_fife_url") val iconFfeUrl: String?,
+        @SerializedName("icon_png") val iconPng: String?,
+        @SerializedName("id") val id: String?,
+        @SerializedName("last_observation_timestamp_millis") val lastObservationMs: Long,
+        @SerializedName("mac_address") val macAddress: String?,
+        @SerializedName("package_name") val packageName: String?,
+        @SerializedName("pending_app_install_timestamp_millis") val pendingAppInstallMs: Long,
+        @SerializedName("rssi") val rssi: Int,
+        @SerializedName("state") val state: Int,
+        @SerializedName("title") val title: String?,
+        @SerializedName("trigger_id") val triggerId: String?,
+        @SerializedName("tx_power") val txPower: Int
+    ) {
+        constructor(item: FastPairDiscoveryItem) : this(
+            actionUrl = item.actionUrl,
+            actionUrlType = item.actionUrlType,
+            appName = item.appName,
+            authenticationPublicKey = item.authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1?.base64Encode(),
+            description = item.description,
+            deviceName = item.deviceName,
+            displayUrl = item.displayUrl,
+            firstObservationMs = item.firstObservationTimestampMillis,
+            iconFfeUrl = item.iconFfeUrl,
+            iconPng = item.iconPng?.base64Encode(),
+            id = item.id,
+            lastObservationMs = item.lastObservationTimestampMillis,
+            macAddress = item.macAddress,
+            packageName = item.packageName,
+            pendingAppInstallMs = item.pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis,
+            rssi = item.rssi,
+            state = item.state,
+            title = item.title,
+            triggerId = item.triggerId,
+            txPower = item.txPower
+        )
+
+        fun toFastPairDiscoveryItem(): FastPairDiscoveryItem {
+            return FastPairDiscoveryItem.Builder()
+                .setActionUrl(actionUrl)
+                .setActionUrlType(actionUrlType)
+                .setAppName(appName)
+                .setAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256r1(authenticationPublicKey?.base64Decode())
+                .setDescription(description)
+                .setDeviceName(deviceName)
+                .setDisplayUrl(displayUrl)
+                .setFirstObservationTimestampMillis(firstObservationMs)
+                .setIconFfeUrl(iconFfeUrl)
+                .setIconPng(iconPng?.base64Decode())
+                .setId(id)
+                .setLastObservationTimestampMillis(lastObservationMs)
+                .setMacAddress(macAddress)
+                .setPackageName(packageName)
+                .setPendingAppInstallTimestampMillis(pendingAppInstallMs)
+                .setRssi(rssi)
+                .setState(state)
+                .setTitle(title)
+                .setTriggerId(triggerId)
+                .setTxPower(txPower)
+                .build()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+private fun String.base64Decode(): ByteArray = BaseEncoding.base64().decode(this)
+
+private fun ByteArray.base64Encode(): String = BaseEncoding.base64().encode(this)
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/data/FastPairTestDataManager.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/data/FastPairTestDataManager.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e924da1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/data/FastPairTestDataManager.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.data
+
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.Intent
+import android.nearby.FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.ACTION_RESET_TEST_DATA_CACHE
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.ACTION_SEND_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.ACTION_WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.DATA_MODEL_ID_STRING_KEY
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.FastPairTestDataCache
+import android.util.Log
+
+/** Manage local FastPairTestDataCache and receive/update the remote cache in test snippet. */
+class FastPairTestDataManager(private val context: Context) : BroadcastReceiver() {
+    val testDataCache = FastPairTestDataCache()
+
+    /** Writes a FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata into local and remote cache.
+     *
+     * @param accountKeyDeviceMetadata the FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata to write.
+     * @return a json object string of the accountKeyDeviceMetadata.
+     */
+    fun writeAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(
+        accountKeyDeviceMetadata: FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata
+    ): String {
+        testDataCache.putAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(accountKeyDeviceMetadata)
+
+        val json =
+            testDataCache.dumpAccountKeyDeviceMetadataAsJson(accountKeyDeviceMetadata)
+        Intent().also { intent ->
+            intent.action = ACTION_WRITE_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA
+            intent.putExtra(DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY, json)
+            context.sendBroadcast(intent)
+        }
+        return json
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback method for receiving Intent broadcast from test snippet.
+     *
+     * See [BroadcastReceiver#onReceive].
+     *
+     * @param context the Context in which the receiver is running.
+     * @param intent the Intent being received.
+     */
+    override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
+        when (intent.action) {
+            ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA -> {
+                Log.d(TAG, "ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA received!")
+                val modelId = intent.getStringExtra(DATA_MODEL_ID_STRING_KEY)!!
+                val json = intent.getStringExtra(DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY)!!
+                testDataCache.putAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(modelId, json)
+            }
+            ACTION_SEND_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA -> {
+                Log.d(TAG, "ACTION_SEND_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA received!")
+                val json = intent.getStringExtra(DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY)!!
+                testDataCache.putAccountKeyDeviceMetadataJsonArray(json)
+            }
+            ACTION_RESET_TEST_DATA_CACHE -> {
+                Log.d(TAG, "ACTION_RESET_TEST_DATA_CACHE received!")
+                testDataCache.reset()
+            }
+            else -> Log.d(TAG, "Unknown action received!")
+        }
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        private const val TAG = "FastPairTestDataManager"
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/dataprovider/FastPairTestDataProviderService.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/dataprovider/FastPairTestDataProviderService.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aec1379
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/seeker/dataprovider/FastPairTestDataProviderService.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.dataprovider
+
+import android.accounts.Account
+import android.content.IntentFilter
+import android.nearby.FastPairDataProviderService
+import android.nearby.FastPairEligibleAccount
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.ACTION_RESET_TEST_DATA_CACHE
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.ACTION_SEND_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.FAKE_TEST_ACCOUNT_NAME
+import android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.data.FastPairTestDataManager
+import android.util.Log
+
+/**
+ * Fast Pair Test Data Provider Service entry point for platform overlay.
+ */
+class FastPairTestDataProviderService : FastPairDataProviderService(TAG) {
+    private lateinit var testDataManager: FastPairTestDataManager
+
+    override fun onCreate() {
+        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate()")
+        testDataManager = FastPairTestDataManager(this)
+
+        val bondStateFilter = IntentFilter(ACTION_RESET_TEST_DATA_CACHE).apply {
+            addAction(ACTION_SEND_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA)
+            addAction(ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA)
+        }
+        registerReceiver(testDataManager, bondStateFilter)
+    }
+
+    override fun onDestroy() {
+        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy()")
+        unregisterReceiver(testDataManager)
+
+        super.onDestroy()
+    }
+
+    override fun onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+        request: FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest,
+        callback: FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback
+    ) {
+        val requestedModelId = request.modelId.bytesToStringLowerCase()
+        Log.d(TAG, "onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(modelId: $requestedModelId)")
+
+        val fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata =
+            testDataManager.testDataCache.getAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(requestedModelId)
+        if (fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata != null) {
+            callback.onFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataReceived(
+                fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata
+            )
+        } else {
+            Log.d(TAG, "No metadata available for $requestedModelId!")
+            callback.onError(ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST, "No metadata available for $requestedModelId")
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun onLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+        request: FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest,
+        callback: FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback
+    ) {
+        val requestedAccount = request.account
+        val requestedAccountKeys = request.deviceAccountKeys
+        Log.d(
+            TAG, "onLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(" +
+                    "account: $requestedAccount, accountKeys:$requestedAccountKeys)"
+        )
+        Log.d(TAG, testDataManager.testDataCache.dumpAccountKeyDeviceMetadataListAsJson())
+
+        callback.onFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataReceived(
+            testDataManager.testDataCache.getAccountKeyDeviceMetadataList()
+        )
+    }
+
+    override fun onLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts(
+        request: FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest,
+        callback: FastPairEligibleAccountsCallback
+    ) {
+        Log.d(TAG, "onLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts()")
+        callback.onFastPairEligibleAccountsReceived(ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNTS_TEST_CONSTANT)
+    }
+
+    override fun onManageFastPairAccount(
+        request: FastPairManageAccountRequest,
+        callback: FastPairManageActionCallback
+    ) {
+        val requestedAccount = request.account
+        val requestType = request.requestType
+        Log.d(TAG, "onManageFastPairAccount(account: $requestedAccount, requestType: $requestType)")
+
+        callback.onSuccess()
+    }
+
+    override fun onManageFastPairAccountDevice(
+        request: FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest,
+        callback: FastPairManageActionCallback
+    ) {
+        val requestedAccount = request.account
+        val requestType = request.requestType
+        val requestTypeString = if (requestType == MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD) "Add" else "Remove"
+        val requestedAccountKeyDeviceMetadata = request.accountKeyDeviceMetadata
+        Log.d(
+            TAG,
+            "onManageFastPairAccountDevice(requestedAccount: $requestedAccount, " +
+                    "requestType: $requestTypeString,"
+        )
+
+        val requestedAccountKeyDeviceMetadataInJson =
+            testDataManager.writeAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(requestedAccountKeyDeviceMetadata)
+        Log.d(TAG, "requestedAccountKeyDeviceMetadata: $requestedAccountKeyDeviceMetadataInJson)")
+
+        callback.onSuccess()
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        private const val TAG = "FastPairTestDataProviderService"
+        private val ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNTS_TEST_CONSTANT = listOf(
+            FastPairEligibleAccount.Builder()
+                .setAccount(Account(FAKE_TEST_ACCOUNT_NAME, "FakeTestAccount"))
+                .setOptIn(true)
+                .build()
+        )
+
+        private fun ByteArray.bytesToStringLowerCase(): String =
+            joinToString(separator = "") { eachByte -> "%02x".format(eachByte) }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..298c9dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_library {
+    name: "NearbyFastPairProviderLib",
+    srcs: [
+        "src/**/*.java",
+        "src/**/*.kt",
+    ],
+    sdk_version: "core_platform",
+    libs: [
+        // order matters: classes in framework-bluetooth are resolved before framework, meaning
+        // @hide APIs in framework-bluetooth are resolved before @SystemApi stubs in framework
+        "framework-bluetooth.impl",
+        "framework",
+
+        // if sdk_version="" this gets automatically included, but here we need to add manually.
+        "framework-res",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "NearbyFastPairProviderLiteProtos",
+        "androidx.core_core",
+        "androidx.test.core",
+        "error_prone_annotations",
+        "fast-pair-lite-protos",
+        "framework-annotations-lib",
+        "guava",
+        "kotlin-stdlib",
+        "nearby-common-lib",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..400a434
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    package="android.nearby.fastpair.provider">
+
+    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth" />
+    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS"/>
+
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/proto/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/proto/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ae43e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/proto/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+java_library {
+    name: "NearbyFastPairProviderLiteProtos",
+    proto: {
+        type: "lite",
+        canonical_path_from_root: false,
+    },
+    sdk_version: "system_current",
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
+    srcs: ["*.proto"],
+}
+
+
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/proto/event_stream_protocol.proto b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/proto/event_stream_protocol.proto
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54db34a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/proto/event_stream_protocol.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+syntax = "proto2";
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider;
+
+option java_package = "android.nearby.fastpair.provider";
+option java_outer_classname = "EventStreamProtocol";
+
+enum EventGroup {
+  UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+  BLUETOOTH = 1;
+  LOGGING = 2;
+  DEVICE = 3;
+  DEVICE_ACTION = 4;
+  DEVICE_CONFIGURATION = 5;
+  DEVICE_CAPABILITY_SYNC = 6;
+  SMART_AUDIO_SOURCE_SWITCHING = 7;
+  ACKNOWLEDGEMENT = 255;
+}
+
+enum BluetoothEventCode {
+  BLUETOOTH_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+  BLUETOOTH_ENABLE_SILENCE_MODE = 1;
+  BLUETOOTH_DISABLE_SILENCE_MODE = 2;
+}
+
+enum LoggingEventCode {
+  LOG_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+  LOG_FULL = 1;
+  LOG_SAVE_TO_BUFFER = 2;
+}
+
+enum DeviceEventCode {
+  DEVICE_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+  DEVICE_MODEL_ID = 1;
+  DEVICE_BLE_ADDRESS = 2;
+  DEVICE_BATTERY_INFO = 3;
+  ACTIVE_COMPONENTS_REQUEST = 5;
+  ACTIVE_COMPONENTS_RESPONSE = 6;
+  DEVICE_CAPABILITY = 7;
+  PLATFORM_TYPE = 8;
+  FIRMWARE_VERSION = 9;
+  SECTION_NONCE = 10;
+}
+
+enum DeviceActionEventCode {
+  DEVICE_ACTION_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+  DEVICE_ACTION_RING = 1;
+}
+
+enum DeviceConfigurationEventCode {
+  CONFIGURATION_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+  CONFIGURATION_BUFFER_SIZE = 1;
+}
+
+enum DeviceCapabilitySyncEventCode {
+  REQUEST_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+  REQUEST_CAPABILITY_UPDATE = 1;
+  CONFIGURABLE_BUFFER_SIZE_RANGE = 2;
+}
+
+enum AcknowledgementEventCode {
+  ACKNOWLEDGEMENT_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+  ACKNOWLEDGEMENT_ACK = 1;
+  ACKNOWLEDGEMENT_NAK = 2;
+}
+
+enum PlatformType {
+  PLATFORM_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0;
+  ANDROID = 1;
+}
+
+enum SassEventCode {
+  EVENT_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+  EVENT_GET_CAPABILITY_OF_SASS = 0x10;
+  EVENT_NOTIFY_CAPABILITY_OF_SASS = 0x11;
+  EVENT_SET_MULTI_POINT_STATE = 0x12;
+  EVENT_SWITCH_AUDIO_SOURCE_BETWEEN_CONNECTED_DEVICES = 0x30;
+  EVENT_SWITCH_BACK = 0x31;
+  EVENT_NOTIFY_MULTIPOINT_SWITCH_EVENT = 0x32;
+  EVENT_GET_CONNECTION_STATUS = 0x33;
+  EVENT_NOTIFY_CONNECTION_STATUS = 0x34;
+  EVENT_SASS_INITIATED_CONNECTION = 0x40;
+  EVENT_INDICATE_IN_USE_ACCOUNT_KEY = 0x41;
+  EVENT_SET_CUSTOM_DATA = 0x42;
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..125c34e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+// Build and install NearbyFastPairProviderSimulatorApp to your phone:
+// m NearbyFastPairProviderSimulatorApp
+// adb root
+// adb remount && adb reboot (make first time remount work)
+//
+// adb root
+// adb remount
+// adb push ${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT}/system/app/NearbyFastPairProviderSimulatorApp /system/app/
+// adb reboot
+// Grant all permissions requested to NearbyFastPairProviderSimulatorApp before launching it.
+android_app {
+    name: "NearbyFastPairProviderSimulatorApp",
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    // Sign with "platform" certificate for accessing Bluetooth @SystemAPI
+    certificate: "platform",
+    static_libs: ["NearbyFastPairProviderSimulatorLib"],
+    optimize: {
+        enabled: true,
+        shrink: true,
+        proguard_flags_files: ["proguard.flags"],
+    },
+}
+
+android_library {
+    name: "NearbyFastPairProviderSimulatorLib",
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    srcs: [
+        "src/**/*.java",
+        "src/**/*.kt",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "NearbyFastPairProviderLib",
+        "NearbyFastPairProviderLiteProtos",
+        "NearbyFastPairProviderSimulatorLiteProtos",
+        "androidx.annotation_annotation",
+        "error_prone_annotations",
+        "fast-pair-lite-protos",
+    ],
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8880b11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    package="android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.app" >
+
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS"/>
+
+    <application
+        android:allowBackup="true"
+        android:label="@string/app_name" >
+        <activity
+            android:name=".MainActivity"
+            android:windowSoftInputMode="stateHidden"
+            android:screenOrientation="portrait"
+            android:exported="true">
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
+                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
+                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
+            </intent-filter>
+        </activity>
+    </application>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/proguard.flags b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/proguard.flags
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0827c60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/proguard.flags
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Keep AdvertisingSetCallback#onOwnAddressRead callback.
+-keep class * extends android.bluetooth.le.AdvertisingSetCallback {
+     *;
+}
+
+# Keep names for easy debugging.
+-dontobfuscate
+
+# Necessary to allow debugging.
+-keepattributes *
+
+# By default, proguard leaves all classes in their original package, which
+# needlessly repeats com.google.android.apps.etc.
+-repackageclasses ""
+
+# Allows proguard to make private and protected methods and fields public as
+# part of optimization. This lets proguard inline trivial getter/setter
+# methods.
+-allowaccessmodification
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/proto/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/proto/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e964800
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/proto/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+java_library {
+    name: "NearbyFastPairProviderSimulatorLiteProtos",
+    proto: {
+        type: "lite",
+        canonical_path_from_root: false,
+    },
+    sdk_version: "system_current",
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
+    srcs: ["*.proto"],
+}
+
+
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/proto/simulator_stream_protocol.proto b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/proto/simulator_stream_protocol.proto
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b17fda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/proto/simulator_stream_protocol.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+syntax = "proto2";
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator;
+
+option java_package = "android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator";
+option java_outer_classname = "SimulatorStreamProtocol";
+
+// Used by remote devices to control simulator behaviors.
+message Command {
+  // Type of this command.
+  required Code code = 1;
+
+  // Required for SHOW_BATTERY.
+  optional BatteryInfo battery_info = 2;
+
+  enum Code {
+    // Request for simulator's acknowledge message.
+    POLLING = 0;
+
+    // Reset and clear bluetooth state.
+    RESET = 1;
+
+    // Present battery information in the advertisement.
+    SHOW_BATTERY = 2;
+
+    // Remove battery information in the advertisement.
+    HIDE_BATTERY = 3;
+
+    // Request for BR/EDR address.
+    REQUEST_BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_PUBLIC = 4;
+
+    // Request for BLE address.
+    REQUEST_BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_BLE = 5;
+
+    // Request for account key.
+    REQUEST_ACCOUNT_KEY = 6;
+  }
+
+  // Battery information for true wireless headsets.
+  // https://devsite.googleplex.com/nearby/fast-pair/early-access/spec#BatteryNotification
+  message BatteryInfo {
+    // Show or hide the battery UI notification.
+    optional bool suppress_notification = 1;
+    repeated BatteryValue battery_values = 2;
+
+    // Advertised battery level data.
+    message BatteryValue {
+      // The charging flag.
+      required bool charging = 1;
+
+      // Battery level from 0 to 100.
+      required uint32 level = 2;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Notify the remote devices when states are changed or response the command on
+// the simulator.
+message Event {
+  // Type of this event.
+  required Code code = 1;
+
+  // Required for BLUETOOTH_STATE_BOND.
+  optional int32 bond_state = 2;
+
+  // Required for BLUETOOTH_STATE_CONNECTION.
+  optional int32 connection_state = 3;
+
+  // Required for BLUETOOTH_STATE_SCAN_MODE.
+  optional int32 scan_mode = 4;
+
+  // Required for BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_PUBLIC.
+  optional string public_address = 5;
+
+  // Required for BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_BLE.
+  optional string ble_address = 6;
+
+  // Required for BLUETOOTH_ALIAS_NAME.
+  optional string alias_name = 7;
+
+  // Required for REQUEST_ACCOUNT_KEY.
+  optional bytes account_key = 8;
+
+  enum Code {
+    // Response the polling.
+    ACKNOWLEDGE = 0;
+
+    // Notify the event android.bluetooth.device.action.BOND_STATE_CHANGED
+    BLUETOOTH_STATE_BOND = 1;
+
+    // Notify the event
+    // android.bluetooth.adapter.action.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED
+    BLUETOOTH_STATE_CONNECTION = 2;
+
+    // Notify the event android.bluetooth.adapter.action.SCAN_MODE_CHANGED
+    BLUETOOTH_STATE_SCAN_MODE = 3;
+
+    // Notify the current BR/EDR address
+    BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_PUBLIC = 4;
+
+    // Notify the current BLE address
+    BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_BLE = 5;
+
+    // Notify the event android.bluetooth.device.action.ALIAS_CHANGED
+    BLUETOOTH_ALIAS_NAME = 6;
+
+    // Response the REQUEST_ACCOUNT_KEY.
+    ACCOUNT_KEY = 7;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/layout/activity_main.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/layout/activity_main.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7e85eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/layout/activity_main.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    android:layout_width="match_parent"
+    android:layout_height="match_parent"
+    android:orientation="vertical"
+    android:layout_margin="16dp"
+    android:keepScreenOn="true"
+    tools:context=".MainActivity">
+
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/bluetooth_address_text_view"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:textSize="14dp"
+        android:textStyle="bold"
+        android:padding="8dp"/>
+
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/device_name_text_view"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:textSize="14dp"
+        android:textStyle="bold"
+        android:padding="8dp"/>
+
+    <LinearLayout
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:padding="8dp"
+        android:orientation="horizontal">
+            <TextView
+                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+                android:textSize="14dp"
+                android:textStyle="bold"
+                android:text="Model ID:"/>
+            <Spinner
+                android:id="@+id/model_id_spinner"
+                android:textSize="14dp"
+                android:textStyle="bold"
+                android:layout_width="0dp"
+                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+                android:layout_weight="1" />
+        <TextView
+            android:id="@+id/tx_power_text_view"
+            android:layout_width="0dp"
+            android:layout_weight="1"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:textSize="14dp"
+            android:textStyle="bold" />
+    </LinearLayout>
+
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/anti_spoofing_private_key_text_view"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:textSize="14dp"
+        android:textStyle="bold"
+        android:padding="8dp"/>
+
+    <LinearLayout
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:orientation="horizontal">
+        <TextView
+            android:id="@+id/is_advertising_text_view"
+            android:layout_width="0dp"
+            android:layout_weight="1"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:textSize="14dp"
+            android:textStyle="bold"
+            android:padding="8dp"/>
+        <TextView
+            android:id="@+id/scan_mode_text_view"
+            android:layout_width="0dp"
+            android:layout_weight="1"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:textSize="14dp"
+            android:textStyle="bold"
+            android:padding="8dp"/>
+    </LinearLayout>
+
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/remote_device_text_view"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:textSize="14dp"
+        android:textStyle="bold"
+        android:padding="8dp"/>
+
+    <LinearLayout
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:orientation="horizontal">
+        <TextView
+            android:id="@+id/is_paired_text_view"
+            android:layout_width="0dp"
+            android:layout_weight="1"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:textSize="14dp"
+            android:textStyle="bold"
+            android:padding="8dp"/>
+        <TextView
+            android:id="@+id/is_connected_text_view"
+            android:layout_width="0dp"
+            android:layout_weight="1"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:textSize="14dp"
+            android:textStyle="bold"
+            android:padding="8dp"/>
+    </LinearLayout>
+
+    <Button
+        android:id="@+id/reset_button"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:text="Reset"
+        android:onClick="onResetButtonClicked"/>
+
+    <LinearLayout
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
+        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
+        android:orientation="horizontal"
+        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical">
+
+      <Spinner
+          android:id="@+id/event_stream_spinner"
+          android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+          android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
+
+      <Button
+          android:id="@+id/send_event_message_button"
+          android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+          android:text="Send Event Message"
+          android:onClick="onSendEventStreamMessageButtonClicked"/>
+
+    </LinearLayout>
+
+    <LinearLayout
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:padding="8dp"
+        android:orientation="horizontal"
+        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical">
+        <Switch
+            android:id="@+id/fail_switch"
+            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:text="Force Fail" />
+        <Switch
+            android:id="@+id/app_launch_switch"
+            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:text="Trigger app launch"
+            android:paddingLeft="8dp"/>
+    </LinearLayout>
+
+    <LinearLayout
+        android:id="@+id/adv_options"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
+        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
+        android:orientation="horizontal"
+        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical">
+
+        <TextView
+            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
+            android:textColor="@android:color/black"
+            android:text="adv options"/>
+
+        <Spinner
+            android:id="@+id/adv_option_spinner"
+            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
+
+    </LinearLayout>
+
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/text_view"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:gravity="bottom"
+        android:scrollbars="vertical"/>
+</LinearLayout>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/layout/user_input_dialog.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/layout/user_input_dialog.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..980b057
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/layout/user_input_dialog.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    android:orientation="vertical"
+    android:layout_width="match_parent"
+    android:layout_height="match_parent"
+    android:padding="16dp">
+
+  <EditText
+      android:id="@+id/userInputDialog"
+      android:layout_width="match_parent"
+      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+      android:hint="@string/firmware_input_hint"
+      android:inputType="text" />
+
+</LinearLayout>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/menu/menu.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/menu/menu.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f225522
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/menu/menu.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    tools:context=".MainActivity">
+
+  <item
+      android:id="@+id/sign_out_menu_item"
+      android:title="Sign out"/>
+  <item
+      android:id="@+id/reset_account_keys_menu_item"
+      android:title="Reset Account Keys"/>
+  <item
+      android:id="@+id/reset_device_name_menu_item"
+      android:title="Reset Device Name"/>
+  <item
+    android:id="@+id/set_firmware_version"
+    android:title="Set Firmware Version"/>
+  <item
+      android:id="@+id/set_simulator_capability"
+      android:title="Set Simulator Capability"/>
+  <item
+    android:id="@+id/use_new_gatt_characteristics_id"
+    android:checkable="true"
+    android:checked="false"
+    android:title="Use new GATT characteristics id"/>
+</menu>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/values/dimens.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/values/dimens.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47c8224
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/values/dimens.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<resources>
+    <!-- Default screen margins, per the Android Design guidelines. -->
+    <dimen name="activity_horizontal_margin">16dp</dimen>
+    <dimen name="activity_vertical_margin">16dp</dimen>
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/values/strings.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/values/strings.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5123038
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/res/values/strings.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<resources>
+    <string name="app_name">Fast Pair Provider Simulator</string>
+    <string-array name="adv_options">
+        <item>0: No battery info</item>
+        <item>1: Show L(⬆) + R(⬆) + C(⬆)</item>
+        <item>2: Show L + R + C(unknown)</item>
+        <item>3: Show L(low 10) + R(low 9) + C(low 25)</item>
+        <item>4: Suppress battery w/o level changes</item>
+        <item>5: Suppress L(low 10) + R(11) + C</item>
+        <item>6: Suppress L(low ⬆) + R(low ⬆) + C(low 10)</item>
+        <item>7: Suppress L(low ⬆) + R(low ⬆) + C(low ⬆)</item>
+        <item>8: Show subsequent pairing notification</item>
+        <item>9: Suppress subsequent pairing notification</item>
+    </string-array>
+    <string-array name="event_stream_options">
+        <item>OHD event</item>
+        <item>Log event</item>
+        <item>Battery event</item>
+    </string-array>
+    <string name="firmware_dialog_title">Firmware version number</string>
+    <string name="firmware_input_hint">Type in version number</string>
+    <string name="passkey_dialog_title">Passkey needed</string>
+    <string name="passkey_input_hint">Type in passkey</string>
+    <!-- Passkey confirmation dialog title. [CHAR_LIMIT=NONE]-->
+    <string name="confirm_passkey">Confirm passkey</string>
+    <string name="model_id_progress_title">Get models from server</string>
+
+    <!-- Fast Pair Simulator: pair one device only. -->
+    <string name="fast_pair_simulator" translatable="false">Fast Pair Simulator</string>
+
+</resources>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/app/FutureCallbackWrapper.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/app/FutureCallbackWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4db8560
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/app/FutureCallbackWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.app;
+
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.FutureCallback;
+
+/** Wrapper for {@link FutureCallback} to prevent the memory linkage. */
+public abstract class FutureCallbackWrapper<T> implements FutureCallback<T> {
+    private static final String TAG = FutureCallback.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    public static FutureCallbackWrapper<Void> createRegisterCallback(MainActivity activity) {
+        String id = activity.mRemoteDeviceId;
+        return new FutureCallbackWrapper<Void>() {
+            @Override
+            public void onSuccess(Void result) {
+                Log.d(TAG, String.format("%s was registered", id));
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
+                Log.w(TAG, String.format("Failed to register %s", id), t);
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    public static FutureCallbackWrapper<Void> createDefaultIOCallback(MainActivity activity) {
+        String id = activity.mRemoteDeviceId;
+        return new FutureCallbackWrapper<Void>() {
+            @Override
+            public void onSuccess(Void result) {
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
+                Log.w(TAG, String.format("IO stream error on %s", id), t);
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    public static FutureCallbackWrapper<Void> createDestroyCallback() {
+        return new FutureCallbackWrapper<Void>() {
+            @Override
+            public void onSuccess(Void result) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "remote devices manager is destroyed");
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "Failed to destroy remote devices manager", t);
+            }
+        };
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/app/MainActivity.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/app/MainActivity.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e916c53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/app/MainActivity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1044 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.app;
+
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.SimulatorStreamProtocol.Event.Code.BLUETOOTH_STATE_BOND;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.SimulatorStreamProtocol.Event.Code.BLUETOOTH_STATE_CONNECTION;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.SimulatorStreamProtocol.Event.Code.BLUETOOTH_STATE_SCAN_MODE;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base64;
+
+import android.Manifest.permission;
+import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+import android.app.Activity;
+import android.app.AlertDialog;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.content.DialogInterface;
+import android.content.SharedPreferences;
+import android.graphics.Color;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.EventStreamProtocol.EventGroup;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.FastPairSimulator;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.FastPairSimulator.BatteryValue;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.FastPairSimulator.KeyInputCallback;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.FastPairSimulator.PasskeyEventCallback;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.BluetoothController;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.SimulatorStreamProtocol.Event;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.testing.RemoteDevice;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.testing.RemoteDevicesManager;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.testing.StreamIOHandlerFactory;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.utils.Logger;
+import android.net.Uri;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.text.InputType;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.text.method.ScrollingMovementMethod;
+import android.view.LayoutInflater;
+import android.view.Menu;
+import android.view.MenuItem;
+import android.view.View;
+import android.widget.AdapterView;
+import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener;
+import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
+import android.widget.Button;
+import android.widget.CompoundButton;
+import android.widget.EditText;
+import android.widget.Spinner;
+import android.widget.Switch;
+import android.widget.TextView;
+import android.widget.Toast;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.annotation.UiThread;
+import androidx.core.util.Consumer;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Ascii;
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.base.Strings;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
+import com.google.errorprone.annotations.FormatMethod;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+
+import service.proto.Rpcs.AntiSpoofingKeyPair;
+import service.proto.Rpcs.Device;
+import service.proto.Rpcs.DeviceType;
+
+/**
+ * Simulates a Fast Pair device (e.g. a headset).
+ *
+ * <p>See README in this directory, and {http://go/fast-pair-spec}.
+ */
+@SuppressLint("SetTextI18n")
+public class MainActivity extends Activity {
+    public static final String TAG = "FastPairProviderSimulatorApp";
+    private final Logger mLogger = new Logger(TAG);
+
+    /** Device has a display and the ability to input Yes/No. */
+    private static final int IO_CAPABILITY_IO = 1;
+
+    /** Device only has a keyboard for entry but no display. */
+    private static final int IO_CAPABILITY_IN = 2;
+
+    /** Device has no Input or Output capability. */
+    private static final int IO_CAPABILITY_NONE = 3;
+
+    /** Device has a display and a full keyboard. */
+    private static final int IO_CAPABILITY_KBDISP = 4;
+
+    private static final String SHARED_PREFS_NAME =
+            "android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.app";
+    private static final String EXTRA_MODEL_ID = "MODEL_ID";
+    private static final String EXTRA_BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS = "BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS";
+    private static final String EXTRA_TX_POWER_LEVEL = "TX_POWER_LEVEL";
+    private static final String EXTRA_FIRMWARE_VERSION = "FIRMWARE_VERSION";
+    private static final String EXTRA_SUPPORT_DYNAMIC_SIZE = "SUPPORT_DYNAMIC_SIZE";
+    private static final String EXTRA_USE_RANDOM_SALT_FOR_ACCOUNT_KEY_ROTATION =
+            "USE_RANDOM_SALT_FOR_ACCOUNT_KEY_ROTATION";
+    private static final String EXTRA_REMOTE_DEVICE_ID = "REMOTE_DEVICE_ID";
+    private static final String EXTRA_USE_NEW_GATT_CHARACTERISTICS_ID =
+            "USE_NEW_GATT_CHARACTERISTICS_ID";
+    public static final String EXTRA_REMOVE_ALL_DEVICES_DURING_PAIRING =
+            "REMOVE_ALL_DEVICES_DURING_PAIRING";
+    private static final String KEY_ACCOUNT_NAME = "ACCOUNT_NAME";
+    private static final String[] PERMISSIONS =
+            new String[]{permission.BLUETOOTH, permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN, permission.GET_ACCOUNTS};
+    private static final int LIGHT_GREEN = 0xFFC8FFC8;
+    private static final String ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY_LABEL = "Anti-spoofing key";
+
+    private static final ImmutableMap<String, String> ANTI_SPOOFING_PRIVATE_KEY_MAP =
+            new ImmutableMap.Builder<String, String>()
+                    .put("361A2E", "/1rMqyJRGeOK6vkTNgM70xrytxdKg14mNQkITeusK20=")
+                    .put("00000D", "03/MAmUPTGNsN+2iA/1xASXoPplDh3Ha5/lk2JgEBx4=")
+                    .put("00000C", "Cbj9eCJrTdDgSYxLkqtfADQi86vIaMvxJsQ298sZYWE=")
+                    // BLE only devices
+                    .put("49426D", "I5QFOJW0WWFgKKZiwGchuseXsq/p9RN/aYtNsGEVGT0=")
+                    .put("01E5CE", "FbHt8STpHJDd4zFQFjimh4Zt7IU94U28MOEIXgUEeCw=")
+                    .put("8D13B9", "mv++LcJB1n0mbLNGWlXCv/8Gb6aldctrJC4/Ma/Q3Rg=")
+                    .put("9AB0F6", "9eKQNwJUr5vCg0c8rtOXkJcWTAsBmmvEKSgXIqAd50Q=")
+                    // Android Auto
+                    .put("8E083D", "hGQeREDKM/H1834zWMmTIe0Ap4Zl5igThgE62OtdcKA=")
+                    .buildOrThrow();
+
+    private static final Uri REMOTE_DEVICE_INPUT_STREAM_URI =
+            Uri.fromFile(new File("/data/local/nearby/tmp/read.pipe"));
+
+    private static final Uri REMOTE_DEVICE_OUTPUT_STREAM_URI =
+            Uri.fromFile(new File("/data/local/nearby/tmp/write.pipe"));
+
+    private static final String MODEL_ID_DEFAULT = "00000C";
+
+    private static final String MODEL_ID_APP_LAUNCH = "60EB56";
+
+    private static final int MODEL_ID_LENGTH = 6;
+
+    private BluetoothController mBluetoothController;
+    private final BluetoothController.EventListener mEventListener =
+            new BluetoothController.EventListener() {
+
+                @Override
+                public void onBondStateChanged(int bondState) {
+                    sendEventToRemoteDevice(
+                            Event.newBuilder().setCode(BLUETOOTH_STATE_BOND).setBondState(
+                                    bondState));
+                    updateStatusView();
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public void onConnectionStateChanged(int connectionState) {
+                    sendEventToRemoteDevice(
+                            Event.newBuilder()
+                                    .setCode(BLUETOOTH_STATE_CONNECTION)
+                                    .setConnectionState(connectionState));
+                    updateStatusView();
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public void onScanModeChange(int mode) {
+                    sendEventToRemoteDevice(
+                            Event.newBuilder().setCode(BLUETOOTH_STATE_SCAN_MODE).setScanMode(
+                                    mode));
+                    updateStatusView();
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public void onA2DPSinkProfileConnected() {
+                    reset();
+                }
+            };
+
+    @Nullable
+    private FastPairSimulator mFastPairSimulator;
+    @Nullable
+    private AlertDialog mInputPasskeyDialog;
+    private Switch mFailSwitch;
+    private Switch mAppLaunchSwitch;
+    private Spinner mAdvOptionSpinner;
+    private Spinner mEventStreamSpinner;
+    private EventGroup mEventGroup;
+    private SharedPreferences mSharedPreferences;
+    private Spinner mModelIdSpinner;
+    private final RemoteDevicesManager mRemoteDevicesManager = new RemoteDevicesManager();
+    @Nullable
+    private RemoteDeviceListener mInputStreamListener;
+    @Nullable
+    String mRemoteDeviceId;
+    private final Map<String, Device> mModelsMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+    private boolean mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing = true;
+
+    void sendEventToRemoteDevice(Event.Builder eventBuilder) {
+        if (mRemoteDeviceId == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mLogger.log("Send data to output stream: %s", eventBuilder.getCode().getNumber());
+        mRemoteDevicesManager.writeDataToRemoteDevice(
+                mRemoteDeviceId,
+                eventBuilder.build().toByteString(),
+                FutureCallbackWrapper.createDefaultIOCallback(this));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
+
+        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
+
+        mSharedPreferences = getSharedPreferences(SHARED_PREFS_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);
+
+        mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing =
+                getIntent().getBooleanExtra(EXTRA_REMOVE_ALL_DEVICES_DURING_PAIRING, true);
+
+        mFailSwitch = findViewById(R.id.fail_switch);
+        mFailSwitch.setOnCheckedChangeListener((CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) -> {
+            if (mFastPairSimulator != null) {
+                mFastPairSimulator.setShouldFailPairing(isChecked);
+            }
+        });
+
+        mAppLaunchSwitch = findViewById(R.id.app_launch_switch);
+        mAppLaunchSwitch.setOnCheckedChangeListener((buttonView, isChecked) -> reset());
+
+        mAdvOptionSpinner = findViewById(R.id.adv_option_spinner);
+        mEventStreamSpinner = findViewById(R.id.event_stream_spinner);
+        ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> advOptionAdapter =
+                ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(
+                        this, R.array.adv_options, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);
+        ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> eventStreamAdapter =
+                ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(
+                        this, R.array.event_stream_options, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);
+        advOptionAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
+        mAdvOptionSpinner.setAdapter(advOptionAdapter);
+        mEventStreamSpinner.setAdapter(eventStreamAdapter);
+        mAdvOptionSpinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int position,
+                    long id) {
+                startAdvertisingBatteryInformationBasedOnOption(position);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView) {
+            }
+        });
+        mEventStreamSpinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position,
+                    long id) {
+                switch (EventGroup.forNumber(position + 1)) {
+                    case BLUETOOTH:
+                        mEventGroup = EventGroup.BLUETOOTH;
+                        break;
+                    case LOGGING:
+                        mEventGroup = EventGroup.LOGGING;
+                        break;
+                    case DEVICE:
+                        mEventGroup = EventGroup.DEVICE;
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        // fall through
+                }
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
+            }
+        });
+        setupModelIdSpinner();
+        setupRemoteDevices();
+        if (checkPermissions(PERMISSIONS)) {
+            mBluetoothController = new BluetoothController(this, mEventListener);
+            mBluetoothController.registerBluetoothStateReceiver();
+            mBluetoothController.enableBluetooth();
+            mBluetoothController.connectA2DPSinkProfile();
+
+            if (mSharedPreferences.getString(KEY_ACCOUNT_NAME, "").isEmpty()) {
+                putFixedModelLocal();
+                resetModelIdSpinner();
+                reset();
+            }
+        } else {
+            requestPermissions(PERMISSIONS, 0 /* requestCode */);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
+        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu, menu);
+        menu.findItem(R.id.use_new_gatt_characteristics_id).setChecked(
+                getFromIntentOrPrefs(
+                        EXTRA_USE_NEW_GATT_CHARACTERISTICS_ID, /* defaultValue= */ false));
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
+        if (item.getItemId() == R.id.sign_out_menu_item) {
+            recreate();
+            return true;
+        } else if (item.getItemId() == R.id.reset_account_keys_menu_item) {
+            resetAccountKeys();
+            return true;
+        } else if (item.getItemId() == R.id.reset_device_name_menu_item) {
+            resetDeviceName();
+            return true;
+        } else if (item.getItemId() == R.id.set_firmware_version) {
+            setFirmware();
+            return true;
+        } else if (item.getItemId() == R.id.set_simulator_capability) {
+            setSimulatorCapability();
+            return true;
+        } else if (item.getItemId() == R.id.use_new_gatt_characteristics_id) {
+            if (!item.isChecked()) {
+                item.setChecked(true);
+                mSharedPreferences.edit()
+                        .putBoolean(EXTRA_USE_NEW_GATT_CHARACTERISTICS_ID, true).apply();
+            } else {
+                item.setChecked(false);
+                mSharedPreferences.edit()
+                        .putBoolean(EXTRA_USE_NEW_GATT_CHARACTERISTICS_ID, false).apply();
+            }
+            reset();
+            return true;
+        }
+        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
+    }
+
+    private void setFirmware() {
+        View firmwareInputView =
+                LayoutInflater.from(getApplicationContext()).inflate(R.layout.user_input_dialog,
+                        null);
+        EditText userInputDialogEditText = firmwareInputView.findViewById(R.id.userInputDialog);
+        new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this)
+                .setView(firmwareInputView)
+                .setCancelable(false)
+                .setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok, (dialogBox, id) -> {
+                    String input = userInputDialogEditText.getText().toString();
+                    mSharedPreferences.edit().putString(EXTRA_FIRMWARE_VERSION,
+                            input).apply();
+                    reset();
+                })
+                .setNegativeButton(android.R.string.cancel, null)
+                .setTitle(R.string.firmware_dialog_title)
+                .show();
+    }
+
+    private void setSimulatorCapability() {
+        String[] capabilityKeys = new String[]{EXTRA_SUPPORT_DYNAMIC_SIZE};
+        String[] capabilityNames = new String[]{"Dynamic Buffer Size"};
+        // Default values.
+        boolean[] capabilitySelected = new boolean[]{false};
+        // Get from preferences if exist.
+        for (int i = 0; i < capabilityKeys.length; i++) {
+            capabilitySelected[i] =
+                    mSharedPreferences.getBoolean(capabilityKeys[i], capabilitySelected[i]);
+        }
+
+        new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this)
+                .setMultiChoiceItems(
+                        capabilityNames,
+                        capabilitySelected,
+                        (dialog, which, isChecked) -> capabilitySelected[which] = isChecked)
+                .setCancelable(false)
+                .setPositiveButton(
+                        android.R.string.ok,
+                        (dialogBox, id) -> {
+                            for (int i = 0; i < capabilityKeys.length; i++) {
+                                mSharedPreferences
+                                        .edit()
+                                        .putBoolean(capabilityKeys[i], capabilitySelected[i])
+                                        .apply();
+                            }
+                            setCapabilityToSimulator();
+                        })
+                .setNegativeButton(android.R.string.cancel, null)
+                .setTitle("Simulator Capability")
+                .show();
+    }
+
+    private void setCapabilityToSimulator() {
+        if (mFastPairSimulator != null) {
+            mFastPairSimulator.setDynamicBufferSize(
+                    getFromIntentOrPrefs(EXTRA_SUPPORT_DYNAMIC_SIZE, false));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String getModelIdString(long id) {
+        String result = Ascii.toUpperCase(Long.toHexString(id));
+        while (result.length() < MODEL_ID_LENGTH) {
+            result = "0" + result;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private void putFixedModelLocal() {
+        mModelsMap.put(
+                "00000C",
+                Device.newBuilder()
+                        .setId(12)
+                        .setAntiSpoofingKeyPair(AntiSpoofingKeyPair.newBuilder().build())
+                        .setDeviceType(DeviceType.HEADPHONES)
+                        .build());
+    }
+
+    private void setupModelIdSpinner() {
+        mModelIdSpinner = findViewById(R.id.model_id_spinner);
+
+        ArrayAdapter<String> modelIdAdapter =
+                new ArrayAdapter<>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);
+        modelIdAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
+        mModelIdSpinner.setAdapter(modelIdAdapter);
+        resetModelIdSpinner();
+        mModelIdSpinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position,
+                    long id) {
+                setModelId(mModelsMap.keySet().toArray(new String[0])[position]);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> adapterView) {
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private void setupRemoteDevices() {
+        if (Strings.isNullOrEmpty(getIntent().getStringExtra(EXTRA_REMOTE_DEVICE_ID))) {
+            mLogger.log("Can't get remote device id");
+            return;
+        }
+        mRemoteDeviceId = getIntent().getStringExtra(EXTRA_REMOTE_DEVICE_ID);
+        mInputStreamListener = new RemoteDeviceListener(this);
+
+        try {
+            mRemoteDevicesManager.registerRemoteDevice(
+                    mRemoteDeviceId,
+                    new RemoteDevice(
+                            mRemoteDeviceId,
+                            StreamIOHandlerFactory.createStreamIOHandler(
+                                    StreamIOHandlerFactory.Type.LOCAL_FILE,
+                                    REMOTE_DEVICE_INPUT_STREAM_URI,
+                                    REMOTE_DEVICE_OUTPUT_STREAM_URI),
+                            mInputStreamListener));
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            mLogger.log(e, "Failed to create stream IO handler");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
+    @UiThread
+    private void resetModelIdSpinner() {
+        ArrayAdapter adapter = (ArrayAdapter) mModelIdSpinner.getAdapter();
+        if (adapter == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        adapter.clear();
+        if (!mModelsMap.isEmpty()) {
+            for (String modelId : mModelsMap.keySet()) {
+                adapter.add(modelId + "-" + mModelsMap.get(modelId).getName());
+            }
+            mModelIdSpinner.setEnabled(true);
+            int newPos = getPositionFromModelId(getModelId());
+            if (newPos < 0) {
+                String newModelId = mModelsMap.keySet().iterator().next();
+                Toast.makeText(this,
+                        "Can't find Model ID " + getModelId() + " from console, reset it to "
+                                + newModelId, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
+                setModelId(newModelId);
+                newPos = 0;
+            }
+            mModelIdSpinner.setSelection(newPos, /* animate= */ false);
+        } else {
+            mModelIdSpinner.setEnabled(false);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private String getModelId() {
+        return getFromIntentOrPrefs(EXTRA_MODEL_ID, MODEL_ID_DEFAULT).toUpperCase(Locale.US);
+    }
+
+    private boolean setModelId(String modelId) {
+        String validModelId = getValidModelId(modelId);
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(validModelId)) {
+            mLogger.log("Can't do setModelId because inputted modelId is invalid!");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (getModelId().equals(validModelId)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        mSharedPreferences.edit().putString(EXTRA_MODEL_ID, validModelId).apply();
+        reset();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private static String getValidModelId(String modelId) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(modelId) || modelId.length() < MODEL_ID_LENGTH) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return modelId.substring(0, MODEL_ID_LENGTH).toUpperCase(Locale.US);
+    }
+
+    private int getPositionFromModelId(String modelId) {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (String id : mModelsMap.keySet()) {
+            if (id.equals(modelId)) {
+                return i;
+            }
+            i++;
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    private void resetAccountKeys() {
+        if (mFastPairSimulator != null) {
+            mFastPairSimulator.resetAccountKeys();
+            mFastPairSimulator.startAdvertising();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void resetDeviceName() {
+        if (mFastPairSimulator != null) {
+            mFastPairSimulator.resetDeviceName();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Called via activity_main.xml */
+    public void onResetButtonClicked(View view) {
+        reset();
+    }
+
+    /** Called via activity_main.xml */
+    public void onSendEventStreamMessageButtonClicked(View view) {
+        if (mFastPairSimulator != null) {
+            mFastPairSimulator.sendEventStreamMessageToRfcommDevices(mEventGroup);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void reset() {
+        Button resetButton = findViewById(R.id.reset_button);
+        if (mModelsMap.isEmpty() || !resetButton.isEnabled()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        resetButton.setText("Resetting...");
+        resetButton.setEnabled(false);
+        mModelIdSpinner.setEnabled(false);
+        mAppLaunchSwitch.setEnabled(false);
+
+        if (mFastPairSimulator != null) {
+            mFastPairSimulator.stopAdvertising();
+
+            if (mBluetoothController.getRemoteDevice() != null) {
+                if (mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing) {
+                    mFastPairSimulator.removeBond(mBluetoothController.getRemoteDevice());
+                }
+                mBluetoothController.clearRemoteDevice();
+            }
+            // To be safe, also unpair from all phones (this covers the case where you kill +
+            // relaunch the
+            // simulator while paired).
+            if (mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing) {
+                mFastPairSimulator.disconnectAllBondedDevices();
+            }
+            // Sometimes a device will still be connected even though it's not bonded. :( Clear
+            // that too.
+            BluetoothProfile profileProxy = mBluetoothController.getA2DPSinkProfileProxy();
+            for (BluetoothDevice device : profileProxy.getConnectedDevices()) {
+                mFastPairSimulator.disconnect(profileProxy, device);
+            }
+        }
+        updateStatusView();
+
+        if (mFastPairSimulator != null) {
+            mFastPairSimulator.destroy();
+        }
+        TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view);
+        textView.setText("");
+        textView.setMovementMethod(new ScrollingMovementMethod());
+
+        String modelId = getModelId();
+
+        String txPower = getFromIntentOrPrefs(EXTRA_TX_POWER_LEVEL, "HIGH");
+        updateStringStatusView(R.id.tx_power_text_view, "TxPower", txPower);
+
+        String bluetoothAddress = getFromIntentOrPrefs(EXTRA_BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS, "");
+
+        String firmwareVersion = getFromIntentOrPrefs(EXTRA_FIRMWARE_VERSION, "1.1");
+        try {
+            Preconditions.checkArgument(base16().decode(bluetoothAddress).length == 6);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            mLogger.log("Invalid BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS extra (%s), using default.", bluetoothAddress);
+            bluetoothAddress = null;
+        }
+        final String finalBluetoothAddress = bluetoothAddress;
+
+        updateStringStatusView(
+                R.id.anti_spoofing_private_key_text_view, ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY_LABEL, "Loading...");
+
+        boolean useRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation =
+                getFromIntentOrPrefs(EXTRA_USE_RANDOM_SALT_FOR_ACCOUNT_KEY_ROTATION, false);
+
+        Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().execute(() -> {
+            // Fetch the anti-spoofing key corresponding to this model ID (if it
+            // exists).
+            // The account must have Project Viewer permission for the project
+            // that owns
+            // the model ID (normally discoverer-test or discoverer-devices).
+            byte[] antiSpoofingKey = getAntiSpoofingKey(modelId);
+            String antiSpoofingKeyString;
+            Device device = mModelsMap.get(modelId);
+            if (antiSpoofingKey != null) {
+                antiSpoofingKeyString = base64().encode(antiSpoofingKey);
+            } else {
+                if (mSharedPreferences.getString(KEY_ACCOUNT_NAME, "").isEmpty()) {
+                    antiSpoofingKeyString = "Can't fetch, no account";
+                } else {
+                    if (device == null) {
+                        antiSpoofingKeyString = String.format(Locale.US,
+                                "Can't find model %s from console", modelId);
+                    } else if (!device.hasAntiSpoofingKeyPair()) {
+                        antiSpoofingKeyString = String.format(Locale.US,
+                                "Can't find AntiSpoofingKeyPair for model %s", modelId);
+                    } else if (device.getAntiSpoofingKeyPair().getPrivateKey().isEmpty()) {
+                        antiSpoofingKeyString = String.format(Locale.US,
+                                "Can't find privateKey for model %s", modelId);
+                    } else {
+                        antiSpoofingKeyString = "Unknown error";
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            int desiredIoCapability = getIoCapabilityFromModelId(modelId);
+
+            mBluetoothController.setIoCapability(
+                    /*ioCapabilityClassic=*/ desiredIoCapability,
+                    /*ioCapabilityBLE=*/ desiredIoCapability);
+
+            runOnUiThread(() -> {
+                updateStringStatusView(
+                        R.id.anti_spoofing_private_key_text_view,
+                        ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY_LABEL,
+                        antiSpoofingKeyString);
+                FastPairSimulator.Options option = FastPairSimulator.Options.builder(modelId)
+                        .setAdvertisingModelId(
+                                mAppLaunchSwitch.isChecked() ? MODEL_ID_APP_LAUNCH : modelId)
+                        .setBluetoothAddress(finalBluetoothAddress)
+                        .setTxPowerLevel(toTxPowerLevel(txPower))
+                        .setAdvertisingChangedCallback(isAdvertising -> updateStatusView())
+                        .setAntiSpoofingPrivateKey(antiSpoofingKey)
+                        .setUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation(useRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation)
+                        .setDataOnlyConnection(device != null && device.getDataOnlyConnection())
+                        .setShowsPasskeyConfirmation(
+                                device.getDeviceType().equals(DeviceType.ANDROID_AUTO))
+                        .setRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing(mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing)
+                        .build();
+                Logger textViewLogger = new Logger(FastPairSimulator.TAG) {
+
+                    @FormatMethod
+                    public void log(@Nullable Throwable exception, String message,
+                            Object... objects) {
+                        super.log(exception, message, objects);
+
+                        String exceptionMessage = (exception == null) ? ""
+                                : " - " + exception.getMessage();
+                        final String finalMessage =
+                                String.format(message, objects) + exceptionMessage;
+
+                        textView.post(() -> {
+                            String newText =
+                                    textView.getText() + "\n\n" + finalMessage;
+                            textView.setText(newText);
+                        });
+                    }
+                };
+                mFastPairSimulator =
+                        new FastPairSimulator(this, option, textViewLogger);
+                mFastPairSimulator.setFirmwareVersion(firmwareVersion);
+                mFailSwitch.setChecked(
+                        mFastPairSimulator.getShouldFailPairing());
+                mAdvOptionSpinner.setSelection(0);
+                setCapabilityToSimulator();
+
+                updateStringStatusView(R.id.bluetooth_address_text_view,
+                        "Bluetooth address",
+                        mFastPairSimulator.getBluetoothAddress());
+
+                updateStringStatusView(R.id.device_name_text_view,
+                        "Device name",
+                        mFastPairSimulator.getDeviceName());
+
+                resetButton.setText("Reset");
+                resetButton.setEnabled(true);
+                mModelIdSpinner.setEnabled(true);
+                mAppLaunchSwitch.setEnabled(true);
+                mFastPairSimulator.setDeviceNameCallback(deviceName ->
+                        updateStringStatusView(
+                                R.id.device_name_text_view,
+                                "Device name", deviceName));
+
+                if (desiredIoCapability == IO_CAPABILITY_IN
+                        || device.getDeviceType().equals(DeviceType.ANDROID_AUTO)) {
+                    mFastPairSimulator.setPasskeyEventCallback(mPasskeyEventCallback);
+                }
+                if (mInputStreamListener != null) {
+                    mInputStreamListener.setFastPairSimulator(mFastPairSimulator);
+                }
+            });
+        });
+    }
+
+    private int getIoCapabilityFromModelId(String modelId) {
+        Device device = mModelsMap.get(modelId);
+        if (device == null) {
+            return IO_CAPABILITY_NONE;
+        } else {
+            if (getAntiSpoofingKey(modelId) == null) {
+                return IO_CAPABILITY_NONE;
+            } else {
+                switch (device.getDeviceType()) {
+                    case INPUT_DEVICE:
+                        return IO_CAPABILITY_IN;
+
+                    case DEVICE_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED:
+                        return IO_CAPABILITY_NONE;
+
+                    // Treats wearable to IO_CAPABILITY_KBDISP for simulator because there seems
+                    // no suitable
+                    // type.
+                    case WEARABLE:
+                        return IO_CAPABILITY_KBDISP;
+
+                    default:
+                        return IO_CAPABILITY_IO;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    ByteString getAccontKey() {
+        if (mFastPairSimulator == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return mFastPairSimulator.getAccountKey();
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] getAntiSpoofingKey(String modelId) {
+        Device device = mModelsMap.get(modelId);
+        if (device != null
+                && device.hasAntiSpoofingKeyPair()
+                && !device.getAntiSpoofingKeyPair().getPrivateKey().isEmpty()) {
+            return base64().decode(device.getAntiSpoofingKeyPair().getPrivateKey().toStringUtf8());
+        } else if (ANTI_SPOOFING_PRIVATE_KEY_MAP.containsKey(modelId)) {
+            return base64().decode(ANTI_SPOOFING_PRIVATE_KEY_MAP.get(modelId));
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final PasskeyEventCallback mPasskeyEventCallback = new PasskeyEventCallback() {
+        @Override
+        public void onPasskeyRequested(KeyInputCallback keyInputCallback) {
+            showInputPasskeyDialog(keyInputCallback);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onPasskeyConfirmation(int passkey, Consumer<Boolean> isConfirmed) {
+            showConfirmPasskeyDialog(passkey, isConfirmed);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onRemotePasskeyReceived(int passkey) {
+            if (mInputPasskeyDialog == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            EditText userInputDialogEditText = mInputPasskeyDialog.findViewById(
+                    R.id.userInputDialog);
+            if (userInputDialogEditText == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            userInputDialogEditText.setText(String.format("%d", passkey));
+        }
+    };
+
+    private void showInputPasskeyDialog(KeyInputCallback keyInputCallback) {
+        if (mInputPasskeyDialog == null) {
+            View userInputView =
+                    LayoutInflater.from(getApplicationContext()).inflate(R.layout.user_input_dialog,
+                            null);
+            EditText userInputDialogEditText = userInputView.findViewById(R.id.userInputDialog);
+            userInputDialogEditText.setHint(R.string.passkey_input_hint);
+            userInputDialogEditText.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_CLASS_NUMBER);
+            mInputPasskeyDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this)
+                    .setView(userInputView)
+                    .setCancelable(false)
+                    .setPositiveButton(
+                            android.R.string.ok,
+                            (DialogInterface dialogBox, int id) -> {
+                                String input = userInputDialogEditText.getText().toString();
+                                keyInputCallback.onKeyInput(Integer.parseInt(input));
+                            })
+                    .setNegativeButton(android.R.string.cancel, /* listener= */ null)
+                    .setTitle(R.string.passkey_dialog_title)
+                    .create();
+        }
+        if (!mInputPasskeyDialog.isShowing()) {
+            mInputPasskeyDialog.show();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void showConfirmPasskeyDialog(int passkey, Consumer<Boolean> isConfirmed) {
+        runOnUiThread(() -> new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this)
+                .setCancelable(false)
+                .setTitle(R.string.confirm_passkey)
+                .setMessage(String.valueOf(passkey))
+                .setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok,
+                        (d, w) -> isConfirmed.accept(true))
+                .setNegativeButton(android.R.string.cancel,
+                        (d, w) -> isConfirmed.accept(false))
+                .create()
+                .show());
+    }
+
+    @UiThread
+    private void updateStringStatusView(int id, String name, String value) {
+        ((TextView) findViewById(id)).setText(name + ": " + value);
+    }
+
+    @UiThread
+    private void updateStatusView() {
+        TextView remoteDeviceTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.remote_device_text_view);
+        remoteDeviceTextView.setBackgroundColor(
+                mBluetoothController.getRemoteDevice() != null ? LIGHT_GREEN : Color.LTGRAY);
+        String remoteDeviceString = mBluetoothController.getRemoteDeviceAsString();
+        remoteDeviceTextView.setText("Remote device: " + remoteDeviceString);
+
+        updateBooleanStatusView(
+                R.id.is_advertising_text_view,
+                "BLE advertising",
+                mFastPairSimulator != null && mFastPairSimulator.isAdvertising());
+
+        updateStringStatusView(
+                R.id.scan_mode_text_view,
+                "Mode",
+                FastPairSimulator.scanModeToString(mBluetoothController.getScanMode()));
+
+        boolean isPaired = mBluetoothController.isPaired();
+        updateBooleanStatusView(R.id.is_paired_text_view, "Paired", isPaired);
+
+        updateBooleanStatusView(
+                R.id.is_connected_text_view, "Connected", mBluetoothController.isConnected());
+    }
+
+    @UiThread
+    private void updateBooleanStatusView(int id, String name, boolean value) {
+        TextView view = (TextView) findViewById(id);
+        view.setBackgroundColor(value ? LIGHT_GREEN : Color.LTGRAY);
+        view.setText(name + ": " + (value ? "Yes" : "No"));
+    }
+
+    private String getFromIntentOrPrefs(String key, String defaultValue) {
+        Bundle extras = getIntent().getExtras();
+        extras = extras != null ? extras : new Bundle();
+        SharedPreferences prefs = getSharedPreferences(SHARED_PREFS_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);
+        String value = extras.getString(key, prefs.getString(key, defaultValue));
+        if (value == null) {
+            prefs.edit().remove(key).apply();
+        } else {
+            prefs.edit().putString(key, value).apply();
+        }
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    private boolean getFromIntentOrPrefs(String key, boolean defaultValue) {
+        Bundle extras = getIntent().getExtras();
+        extras = extras != null ? extras : new Bundle();
+        SharedPreferences prefs = getSharedPreferences(SHARED_PREFS_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);
+        boolean value = extras.getBoolean(key, prefs.getBoolean(key, defaultValue));
+        prefs.edit().putBoolean(key, value).apply();
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    private static int toTxPowerLevel(String txPowerLevelString) {
+        switch (txPowerLevelString.toUpperCase()) {
+            case "3":
+            case "HIGH":
+                return AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH;
+            case "2":
+            case "MEDIUM":
+                return AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_MEDIUM;
+            case "1":
+            case "LOW":
+                return AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_LOW;
+            case "0":
+            case "ULTRA_LOW":
+                return AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_ULTRA_LOW;
+            default:
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                        "Unexpected TxPower="
+                                + txPowerLevelString
+                                + ", please provide HIGH, MEDIUM, LOW, or ULTRA_LOW.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean checkPermissions(String[] permissions) {
+        for (String permission : permissions) {
+            if (checkSelfPermission(permission) != PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onDestroy() {
+        mRemoteDevicesManager.destroy();
+
+        if (mFastPairSimulator != null) {
+            mFastPairSimulator.destroy();
+            mBluetoothController.unregisterBluetoothStateReceiver();
+        }
+
+        // Recover the IO capability.
+        mBluetoothController.setIoCapability(
+                /*ioCapabilityClassic=*/ IO_CAPABILITY_IO, /*ioCapabilityBLE=*/
+                IO_CAPABILITY_KBDISP);
+
+        super.onDestroy();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(
+            int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
+        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
+        // Relaunch this activity.
+        recreate();
+    }
+
+    void startAdvertisingBatteryInformationBasedOnOption(int option) {
+        if (mFastPairSimulator == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Option 0 is "No battery info", it means simulator will not pack battery information when
+        // advertising. For the others with battery info, since we are simulating the Presto's
+        // behavior,
+        // there will always be three battery values.
+        switch (option) {
+            case 0:
+                // Option "0: No battery info"
+                mFastPairSimulator.clearBatteryValues();
+                break;
+            case 1:
+                // Option "1: Show L(⬆) + R(⬆) + C(⬆)"
+                mFastPairSimulator.setSuppressBatteryNotification(false);
+                mFastPairSimulator.setBatteryValues(new BatteryValue(true, 60),
+                        new BatteryValue(true, 61),
+                        new BatteryValue(true, 62));
+                break;
+            case 2:
+                // Option "2: Show L + R + C(unknown)"
+                mFastPairSimulator.setSuppressBatteryNotification(false);
+                mFastPairSimulator.setBatteryValues(new BatteryValue(false, 70),
+                        new BatteryValue(false, 71),
+                        new BatteryValue(false, -1));
+                break;
+            case 3:
+                // Option "3: Show L(low 10) + R(low 9) + C(low 25)"
+                mFastPairSimulator.setSuppressBatteryNotification(false);
+                mFastPairSimulator.setBatteryValues(new BatteryValue(false, 10),
+                        new BatteryValue(false, 9),
+                        new BatteryValue(false, 25));
+                break;
+            case 4:
+                // Option "4: Suppress battery w/o level changes"
+                // Just change the suppress bit and keep the battery values the same as before.
+                mFastPairSimulator.setSuppressBatteryNotification(true);
+                break;
+            case 5:
+                // Option "5: Suppress L(low 10) + R(11) + C"
+                mFastPairSimulator.setSuppressBatteryNotification(true);
+                mFastPairSimulator.setBatteryValues(new BatteryValue(false, 10),
+                        new BatteryValue(false, 11),
+                        new BatteryValue(false, 82));
+                break;
+            case 6:
+                // Option "6: Suppress L(low ⬆) + R(low ⬆) + C(low 10)"
+                mFastPairSimulator.setSuppressBatteryNotification(true);
+                mFastPairSimulator.setBatteryValues(new BatteryValue(true, 10),
+                        new BatteryValue(true, 9),
+                        new BatteryValue(false, 10));
+                break;
+            case 7:
+                // Option "7: Suppress L(low ⬆) + R(low ⬆) + C(low ⬆)"
+                mFastPairSimulator.setSuppressBatteryNotification(true);
+                mFastPairSimulator.setBatteryValues(new BatteryValue(true, 10),
+                        new BatteryValue(true, 9),
+                        new BatteryValue(true, 25));
+                break;
+            case 8:
+                // Option "8: Show subsequent pairing notification"
+                mFastPairSimulator.setSuppressSubsequentPairingNotification(false);
+                break;
+            case 9:
+                // Option "9: Suppress subsequent pairing notification"
+                mFastPairSimulator.setSuppressSubsequentPairingNotification(true);
+                break;
+            default:
+                // Unknown option, do nothing.
+                return;
+        }
+
+        mFastPairSimulator.startAdvertising();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/app/RemoteDeviceListener.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/app/RemoteDeviceListener.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fac8cb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/app/RemoteDeviceListener.java
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.app;
+
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.SimulatorStreamProtocol.Event.Code.ACCOUNT_KEY;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.SimulatorStreamProtocol.Event.Code.ACKNOWLEDGE;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.SimulatorStreamProtocol.Event.Code.BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_BLE;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.SimulatorStreamProtocol.Event.Code.BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_PUBLIC;
+
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.FastPairSimulator;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.FastPairSimulator.BatteryValue;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.SimulatorStreamProtocol.Command;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.SimulatorStreamProtocol.Command.BatteryInfo;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.SimulatorStreamProtocol.Event;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.testing.InputStreamListener;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
+
+/** Listener for input stream of the remote device. */
+public class RemoteDeviceListener implements InputStreamListener {
+    private static final String TAG = RemoteDeviceListener.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    private final MainActivity mMainActivity;
+    @Nullable
+    private FastPairSimulator mFastPairSimulator;
+
+    public RemoteDeviceListener(MainActivity mainActivity) {
+        this.mMainActivity = mainActivity;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onInputData(ByteString byteString) {
+        Command command;
+        try {
+            command = Command.parseFrom(byteString);
+        } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, String.format("%s input data is not a Command",
+                    mMainActivity.mRemoteDeviceId), e);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mMainActivity.runOnUiThread(() -> {
+            Log.d(TAG, String.format("%s new command %s",
+                    mMainActivity.mRemoteDeviceId, command.getCode()));
+            switch (command.getCode()) {
+                case POLLING:
+                    mMainActivity.sendEventToRemoteDevice(
+                            Event.newBuilder().setCode(ACKNOWLEDGE));
+                    break;
+                case RESET:
+                    mMainActivity.reset();
+                    break;
+                case SHOW_BATTERY:
+                    onShowBattery(command.getBatteryInfo());
+                    break;
+                case HIDE_BATTERY:
+                    onHideBattery();
+                    break;
+                case REQUEST_BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_BLE:
+                    onRequestBleAddress();
+                    break;
+                case REQUEST_BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_PUBLIC:
+                    onRequestPublicAddress();
+                    break;
+                case REQUEST_ACCOUNT_KEY:
+                    ByteString accountKey = mMainActivity.getAccontKey();
+                    if (accountKey == null) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    mMainActivity.sendEventToRemoteDevice(
+                            Event.newBuilder().setCode(ACCOUNT_KEY)
+                                    .setAccountKey(accountKey));
+                    break;
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onClose() {
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("%s input stream is closed", mMainActivity.mRemoteDeviceId));
+    }
+
+    void setFastPairSimulator(FastPairSimulator fastPairSimulator) {
+        this.mFastPairSimulator = fastPairSimulator;
+    }
+
+    private void onShowBattery(@Nullable BatteryInfo batteryInfo) {
+        if (mFastPairSimulator == null || batteryInfo == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "skip showing battery");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (batteryInfo.getBatteryValuesCount() != 3) {
+            Log.w(TAG, String.format("skip showing battery: count is not valid %d",
+                    batteryInfo.getBatteryValuesCount()));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("Show battery %s", batteryInfo));
+
+        if (batteryInfo.hasSuppressNotification()) {
+            mFastPairSimulator.setSuppressBatteryNotification(
+                    batteryInfo.getSuppressNotification());
+        }
+        mFastPairSimulator.setBatteryValues(
+                convertFrom(batteryInfo.getBatteryValues(0)),
+                convertFrom(batteryInfo.getBatteryValues(1)),
+                convertFrom(batteryInfo.getBatteryValues(2)));
+        mFastPairSimulator.startAdvertising();
+    }
+
+    private void onHideBattery() {
+        if (mFastPairSimulator == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mFastPairSimulator.clearBatteryValues();
+        mFastPairSimulator.startAdvertising();
+    }
+
+    private void onRequestBleAddress() {
+        if (mFastPairSimulator == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mMainActivity.sendEventToRemoteDevice(
+                Event.newBuilder()
+                        .setCode(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_BLE)
+                        .setBleAddress(mFastPairSimulator.getBleAddress()));
+    }
+
+    private void onRequestPublicAddress() {
+        if (mFastPairSimulator == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mMainActivity.sendEventToRemoteDevice(
+                Event.newBuilder()
+                        .setCode(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_PUBLIC)
+                        .setPublicAddress(mFastPairSimulator.getBluetoothAddress()));
+    }
+
+    private static BatteryValue convertFrom(BatteryInfo.BatteryValue batteryValue) {
+        return new BatteryValue(batteryValue.getCharging(), batteryValue.getLevel());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/InputStreamListener.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/InputStreamListener.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b29225a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/InputStreamListener.java
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.testing;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+/** Listener for input stream. */
+public interface InputStreamListener {
+
+    /** Called when new data {@code byteString} is read from the input stream. */
+    void onInputData(ByteString byteString);
+
+    /** Called when the input stream is closed. */
+    void onClose();
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/LocalFileStreamIOHandler.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/LocalFileStreamIOHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf8b022
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/LocalFileStreamIOHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.testing;
+
+import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+
+import android.net.Uri;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileInputStream;
+import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
+import java.io.FileOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
+
+/**
+ * Opens the {@code inputUri} and {@code outputUri} as local files and provides reading/writing
+ * data operations.
+ *
+ * To support bluetooth testing on real devices, the named pipes are created as local files and the
+ * pipe data are transferred via usb cable, then (1) the peripheral device writes {@code Event} to
+ * the output stream and reads {@code Command} from the input stream (2) the central devices write
+ * {@code Command} to the output stream and read {@code Event} from the input stream.
+ *
+ * The {@code Event} and {@code Command} are special protocols which are defined at
+ * simulator_stream_protocol.proto.
+ */
+public class LocalFileStreamIOHandler implements StreamIOHandler {
+
+    private static final int MAX_IO_DATA_LENGTH_BYTE = 65535;
+
+    private final String mInputPath;
+    private final String mOutputPath;
+
+    LocalFileStreamIOHandler(Uri inputUri, Uri outputUri) throws IOException {
+        if (!isFileExists(inputUri.getPath())) {
+            throw new FileNotFoundException("Input path is not exists.");
+        }
+        if (!isFileExists(outputUri.getPath())) {
+            throw new FileNotFoundException("Output path is not exists.");
+        }
+
+        this.mInputPath = inputUri.getPath();
+        this.mOutputPath = outputUri.getPath();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a {@code ByteString} from the input stream. The input stream must be opened before
+     * calling this method.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public ByteString read() throws IOException {
+        try (InputStreamReader inputStream = new InputStreamReader(
+                new FileInputStream(mInputPath))) {
+            int size = inputStream.read();
+            if (size == 0) {
+                throw new IOException(String.format("Missing data size %d", size));
+            }
+
+            if (size > MAX_IO_DATA_LENGTH_BYTE) {
+                throw new IOException("Exceed the maximum data length when reading.");
+            }
+
+            char[] data = new char[size];
+            int count = inputStream.read(data);
+            if (count != size) {
+                throw new IOException(
+                        String.format("Expected size was %s but got %s", size, count));
+            }
+
+            return ByteString.copyFrom(base16().decode(new String(data)));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a {@code output} into the output stream. The output stream must be opened before
+     * calling this method.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void write(ByteString output) throws IOException {
+        checkArgument(output.size() > 0, "Output data is empty.");
+
+        if (output.size() > MAX_IO_DATA_LENGTH_BYTE) {
+            throw new IOException("Exceed the maximum data length when writing.");
+        }
+
+        try (OutputStreamWriter outputStream =
+                     new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(mOutputPath))) {
+            String base16Output = base16().encode(output.toByteArray());
+            outputStream.write(base16Output.length());
+            outputStream.write(base16Output);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isFileExists(@Nullable String path) {
+        return path != null && new File(path).exists();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/RemoteDevice.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/RemoteDevice.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11ec9cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/RemoteDevice.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.testing;
+
+/** Represents a remote device and provides a {@link StreamIOHandler} to communicate with it. */
+public class RemoteDevice {
+    private final String mId;
+    private final StreamIOHandler mStreamIOHandler;
+    private final InputStreamListener mInputStreamListener;
+
+    public RemoteDevice(
+            String id, StreamIOHandler streamIOHandler, InputStreamListener inputStreamListener) {
+        this.mId = id;
+        this.mStreamIOHandler = streamIOHandler;
+        this.mInputStreamListener = inputStreamListener;
+    }
+
+    /** The id used by this device. */
+    public String getId() {
+        return mId;
+    }
+
+    /** The handler processes input and output data channels. */
+    public StreamIOHandler getStreamIOHandler() {
+        return mStreamIOHandler;
+    }
+
+    /** Listener for the input stream. */
+    public InputStreamListener getInputStreamListener() {
+        return mInputStreamListener;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/RemoteDevicesManager.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/RemoteDevicesManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02260c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/RemoteDevicesManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.testing;
+
+import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
+
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.FutureCallback;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.Futures;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ListeningExecutorService;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+
+/**
+ * Manages the IO streams with remote devices.
+ *
+ * <p>The caller must invoke {@link #registerRemoteDevice} before starting to communicate with the
+ * remote device, and invoke {@link #unregisterRemoteDevice} after finishing tasks. If this instance
+ * is not used anymore, the caller need to invoke {@link #destroy} to release all resources.
+ *
+ * <p>All of the methods are thread-safe.
+ */
+public class RemoteDevicesManager {
+    private static final String TAG = "RemoteDevicesManager";
+
+    private final Map<String, RemoteDevice> mRemoteDeviceMap = new HashMap<>();
+    private final ListeningExecutorService mBackgroundExecutor =
+            MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor());
+    private final ListeningExecutorService mListenInputStreamExecutors =
+            MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(Executors.newCachedThreadPool());
+    private final Map<String, ListenableFuture<Void>> mListeningTaskMap = new HashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Opens input and output data streams for {@code remoteDevice} in the background and notifies
+     * the
+     * open result via {@code callback}, and assigns a dedicated executor to listen the input data
+     * stream if data streams are opened successfully. The dedicated executor will invoke the
+     * {@code
+     * remoteDevice.inputStreamListener().onInputData()} directly if the new data exists in the
+     * input
+     * stream and invoke the {@code remoteDevice.inputStreamListener().onClose()} if the input
+     * stream
+     * is closed.
+     */
+    public synchronized void registerRemoteDevice(String id, RemoteDevice remoteDevice) {
+        checkState(mRemoteDeviceMap.put(id, remoteDevice) == null,
+                "The %s is already registered", id);
+        startListeningInputStreamTask(remoteDevice);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Closes the data streams for specific remote device {@code id} in the background and notifies
+     * the result via {@code callback}.
+     */
+    public synchronized void unregisterRemoteDevice(String id) {
+        RemoteDevice remoteDevice = mRemoteDeviceMap.remove(id);
+        checkState(remoteDevice != null, "The %s is not registered", id);
+        if (mListeningTaskMap.containsKey(id)) {
+            mListeningTaskMap.remove(id).cancel(/* mayInterruptIfRunning= */ true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Closes all data streams of registered remote devices and stop all background tasks. */
+    public synchronized void destroy() {
+        mRemoteDeviceMap.clear();
+        mListeningTaskMap.clear();
+        mListenInputStreamExecutors.shutdownNow();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes {@code data} into the output data stream of specific remote device {@code id} in the
+     * background and notifies the result via {@code callback}.
+     */
+    public synchronized void writeDataToRemoteDevice(
+            String id, ByteString data, FutureCallback<Void> callback) {
+        RemoteDevice remoteDevice = mRemoteDeviceMap.get(id);
+        checkState(remoteDevice != null, "The %s is not registered", id);
+
+        runInBackground(() -> {
+            remoteDevice.getStreamIOHandler().write(data);
+            return null;
+        }, callback);
+    }
+
+    private void runInBackground(Callable<Void> callable, FutureCallback<Void> callback) {
+        Futures.addCallback(
+                mBackgroundExecutor.submit(callable), callback, MoreExecutors.directExecutor());
+    }
+
+    private void startListeningInputStreamTask(RemoteDevice remoteDevice) {
+        ListenableFuture<Void> listenFuture = mListenInputStreamExecutors.submit(() -> {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Start listening " + remoteDevice.getId());
+            while (true) {
+                ByteString data;
+                try {
+                    data = remoteDevice.getStreamIOHandler().read();
+                } catch (IOException | IllegalStateException e) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                remoteDevice.getInputStreamListener().onInputData(data);
+            }
+        }, /* result= */ null);
+        Futures.addCallback(listenFuture, new FutureCallback<Void>() {
+            @Override
+            public void onSuccess(Void result) {
+                Log.i(TAG, "Stop listening " + remoteDevice.getId());
+                remoteDevice.getInputStreamListener().onClose();
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "Stop listening " + remoteDevice.getId() + ", cause: " + t);
+                remoteDevice.getInputStreamListener().onClose();
+            }
+        }, MoreExecutors.directExecutor());
+        mListeningTaskMap.put(remoteDevice.getId(), listenFuture);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/StreamIOHandler.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/StreamIOHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5fdb9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/StreamIOHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.testing;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * Opens input and output data channels, then provides read and write operations to the data
+ * channels.
+ */
+public interface StreamIOHandler {
+    /**
+     * Reads stream data from the input channel.
+     *
+     * @return a protocol buffer contains the input message
+     * @throws IOException errors occur when reading the input stream
+     */
+    ByteString read() throws IOException;
+
+    /**
+     * Writes stream data to the output channel.
+     *
+     * @param output a protocol buffer contains the output message
+     * @throws IOException errors occur when writing the output message to output stream
+     */
+    void write(ByteString output) throws IOException;
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/StreamIOHandlerFactory.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/StreamIOHandlerFactory.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24cfe56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/simulator_app/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/simulator/testing/StreamIOHandlerFactory.java
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.simulator.testing;
+
+import android.net.Uri;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/** A simple factory creating {@link StreamIOHandler} according to {@link Type}. */
+public class StreamIOHandlerFactory {
+
+    /** Types for creating {@link StreamIOHandler}. */
+    public enum Type {
+
+        /**
+         * A {@link StreamIOHandler} accepts local file uris and provides reading/writing file
+         * operations.
+         */
+        LOCAL_FILE
+    }
+
+    /** Creates an instance of {@link StreamIOHandler}. */
+    public static StreamIOHandler createStreamIOHandler(Type type, Uri input, Uri output)
+            throws IOException {
+        if (type.equals(Type.LOCAL_FILE)) {
+            return new LocalFileStreamIOHandler(input, output);
+        }
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("Can't support %s", type));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/FastPairAdvertiser.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/FastPairAdvertiser.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95c077b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/FastPairAdvertiser.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/** Helper for advertising Fast Pair data. */
+public interface FastPairAdvertiser {
+
+    void startAdvertising(@Nullable byte[] serviceData);
+
+    void stopAdvertising();
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/FastPairSimulator.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/FastPairSimulator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d5563e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/FastPairSimulator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,2391 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider;
+
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_NONE;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.ERROR;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_INDICATE;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ;
+import static android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.BluetoothManager.wrap;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.RfcommServer.State.CONNECTED;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.AES_BLOCK_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.encrypt;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Bytes.toBytes;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.A2DP_SINK_SERVICE_UUID;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.TransportDiscoveryService.BLUETOOTH_SIG_ORGANIZATION_ID;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.MessageStreamHmacEncoder.SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothClass.Device.Major;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.EventStreamProtocol.AcknowledgementEventCode;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.EventStreamProtocol.DeviceActionEventCode;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.EventStreamProtocol.DeviceCapabilitySyncEventCode;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.EventStreamProtocol.DeviceConfigurationEventCode;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.EventStreamProtocol.DeviceEventCode;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.EventStreamProtocol.EventGroup;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerConfig;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerConfig.ServiceConfig;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerConnection;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerConnection.Notifier;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerHelper;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServlet;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.RfcommServer;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.crypto.Crypto;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.crypto.E2eeCalculator;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.utils.Logger;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.Looper;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+import android.provider.Settings;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+import androidx.core.util.Consumer;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bloomfilter.BloomFilter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bloomfilter.FastPairBloomFilterHasher;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothAddress;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Bytes.Value;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.AccountKeyCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic.BeaconActionType;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.FirmwareVersionCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.NameCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.PasskeyCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.TransportDiscoveryService;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.TransportDiscoveryService.BrHandoverDataCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.TransportDiscoveryService.ControlPointCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Ltv;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.MessageStreamHmacEncoder;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.NamingEncoder;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Ascii;
+import com.google.common.primitives.Bytes;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+/**
+ * Simulates a Fast Pair device (e.g. a headset).
+ *
+ * <p>Note: There are two deviations from the spec:
+ *
+ * <ul>
+ *   <li>Instead of using the public address when in pairing mode (discoverable), it always uses the
+ *       random private address (RPA), because that's how stock Android works. To work around this,
+ *       it implements the BR/EDR Handover profile (which is no longer part of the Fast Pair spec)
+ *       when simulating a keyless device (i.e. Fast Pair 1.0), which allows the phone to ask for
+ *       the public address. When there is an anti-spoofing key, i.e. Fast Pair 2.0, the public
+ *       address is delivered via the Key-based Pairing handshake. b/79374759 tracks fixing this.
+ *   <li>The simulator always identifies its device capabilities as Keyboard/Display, even when
+ *       simulating a keyless (Fast Pair 1.0) device that should identify as NoInput/NoOutput.
+ *       b/79377125 tracks fixing this.
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * @see {http://go/fast-pair-2-spec}
+ */
+public class FastPairSimulator {
+    public static final String TAG = "FastPairSimulator";
+    private final Logger mLogger;
+
+    private static final int BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC = 3;
+
+    private static final int SCAN_MODE_REFRESH_SEC = 30;
+
+    /**
+     * Headphones. Generated by
+     * http://bluetooth-pentest.narod.ru/software/bluetooth_class_of_device-service_generator.html
+     */
+    private static final Value CLASS_OF_DEVICE =
+            new Value(base16().decode("200418"), ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
+
+    private static final byte[] SUPPORTED_SERVICES_LTV = new Ltv(
+            TransportDiscoveryService.SERVICE_UUIDS_16_BIT_LIST_TYPE,
+            toBytes(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN, A2DP_SINK_SERVICE_UUID)
+    ).getBytes();
+    private static final byte[] TDS_CONTROL_POINT_RESPONSE_PARAMETER =
+            Bytes.concat(new byte[]{BLUETOOTH_SIG_ORGANIZATION_ID}, SUPPORTED_SERVICES_LTV);
+
+    private static final String SIMULATOR_FAKE_BLE_ADDRESS = "11:22:33:44:55:66";
+
+    private static final long ADVERTISING_REFRESH_DELAY_1_MIN = TimeUnit.MINUTES.toMillis(1);
+
+    /**
+     * The size of account key filter in bytes is (1.2*n + 3), n represents the size of account key,
+     * see https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec#advertising_when_not_discoverable.
+     * However we'd like to advertise something else, so we could only afford 8 account keys.
+     *
+     * <ul>
+     *   <li>BLE flags: 3 bytes
+     *   <li>TxPower: 3 bytes
+     *   <li>FastPair: max 25 bytes
+     *       <ul>
+     *         <li>FastPair service data: 4 bytes
+     *         <li>Flags: 1 byte
+     *         <li>Account key filter: max 14 bytes (1 byte: length + type, 13 bytes: max 8 account
+     *             keys)
+     *         <li>Salt: 2 bytes
+     *         <li>Battery: 4 bytes
+     *       </ul>
+     * </ul>
+     */
+    private String mDeviceFirmwareVersion = "1.1.0";
+
+    private byte[] mSessionNonce;
+
+    private boolean mUseLogFullEvent = true;
+
+    private enum ResultCode {
+        SUCCESS((byte) 0x00),
+        OP_CODE_NOT_SUPPORTED((byte) 0x01),
+        INVALID_PARAMETER((byte) 0x02),
+        UNSUPPORTED_ORGANIZATION_ID((byte) 0x03),
+        OPERATION_FAILED((byte) 0x04);
+
+        private final byte mByteValue;
+
+        ResultCode(byte byteValue) {
+            this.mByteValue = byteValue;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private enum TransportState {
+        OFF((byte) 0x00),
+        ON((byte) 0x01),
+        TEMPORARILY_UNAVAILABLE((byte) 0x10);
+
+        private final byte mByteValue;
+
+        TransportState(byte byteValue) {
+            this.mByteValue = byteValue;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final Options mOptions;
+    private final Handler mUiThreadHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
+    // No thread pool: Only used in test app (outside gmscore) and in javatests/.../gmscore/.
+    private final ScheduledExecutorService mExecutor =
+            Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor(); // exempt
+    private final BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
+    private final BroadcastReceiver mBroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
+        @Override
+        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+            if (mShouldFailPairing) {
+                mLogger.log("Pairing disabled by test app switch");
+                return;
+            }
+            if (mIsDestroyed) {
+                // Sometimes this receiver does not successfully unregister in destroy()
+                // which causes events to occur after the simulator is stopped, so ignore
+                // those events.
+                mLogger.log("Intent received after simulator destroyed, ignoring");
+                return;
+            }
+            BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(
+                    BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
+            switch (intent.getAction()) {
+                case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED:
+                    if (isDiscoverable()) {
+                        mIsDiscoverableLatch.countDown();
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST:
+                    int variant = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_VARIANT,
+                            ERROR);
+                    int key = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_KEY, ERROR);
+                    mLogger.log(
+                            "Pairing request, variant=%d, key=%s", variant,
+                            key == ERROR ? "(none)" : key);
+
+                    // Prevent Bluetooth Settings from getting the pairing request.
+                    abortBroadcast();
+
+                    mPairingDevice = device;
+                    if (mSecret == null) {
+                        // We haven't done the handshake over GATT to agree on the shared
+                        // secret. For now, just accept anyway (so we can still simulate
+                        // old 1.0 model IDs).
+                        mLogger.log("No handshake, auto-accepting anyway.");
+                        setPasskeyConfirmation(true);
+                    } else if (variant
+                            == BluetoothDevice.PAIRING_VARIANT_PASSKEY_CONFIRMATION) {
+                        // Store the passkey. And check it, since there's a race (see
+                        // method for why). Usually this check is a no-op and we'll get
+                        // the passkey later over GATT.
+                        mLocalPasskey = key;
+                        checkPasskey();
+                    } else if (variant == BluetoothDevice.PAIRING_VARIANT_DISPLAY_PASSKEY) {
+                        if (mPasskeyEventCallback != null) {
+                            mPasskeyEventCallback.onPasskeyRequested(
+                                    FastPairSimulator.this::enterPassKey);
+                        } else {
+                            mLogger.log("passkeyEventCallback is not set!");
+                            enterPassKey(key);
+                        }
+                    } else if (variant == BluetoothDevice.PAIRING_VARIANT_CONSENT) {
+                        setPasskeyConfirmation(true);
+
+                    } else if (variant == BluetoothDevice.PAIRING_VARIANT_PIN) {
+                        if (mPasskeyEventCallback != null) {
+                            mPasskeyEventCallback.onPasskeyRequested(
+                                    (int pin) -> {
+                                        byte[] newPin = convertPinToBytes(
+                                                String.format(Locale.ENGLISH, "%d", pin));
+                                        mPairingDevice.setPin(newPin);
+                                    });
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        // Reject the pairing request if it's not using the Numeric
+                        // Comparison (aka Passkey Confirmation) method.
+                        setPasskeyConfirmation(false);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED:
+                    int bondState =
+                            intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE,
+                                    BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE);
+                    mLogger.log("Bond state to %s changed to %d", device, bondState);
+                    switch (bondState) {
+                        case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING:
+                            // If we've started bonding, we shouldn't be advertising.
+                            mAdvertiser.stopAdvertising();
+                            // Not discoverable anymore, but still connectable.
+                            setScanMode(BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE);
+                            break;
+                        case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:
+                            // Once bonded, advertise the account keys.
+                            mAdvertiser.startAdvertising(accountKeysServiceData());
+                            setScanMode(BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE);
+
+                            // If it is subsequent pair, we need to add paired device here.
+                            if (mIsSubsequentPair
+                                    && mSecret != null
+                                    && mSecret.length == AES_BLOCK_LENGTH) {
+                                addAccountKey(mSecret, mPairingDevice);
+                            }
+                            break;
+                        case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:
+                            // If the bonding process fails, we should be advertising again.
+                            mAdvertiser.startAdvertising(getServiceData());
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            break;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED:
+                    mLogger.log(
+                            "Connection state to %s changed to %d",
+                            device,
+                            intent.getIntExtra(
+                                    BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_CONNECTION_STATE,
+                                    BluetoothAdapter.STATE_DISCONNECTED));
+                    break;
+                case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED:
+                    int state = intent.getIntExtra(EXTRA_STATE, -1);
+                    mLogger.log("Bluetooth adapter state=%s", state);
+                    switch (state) {
+                        case STATE_ON:
+                            startRfcommServer();
+                            break;
+                        case STATE_OFF:
+                            stopRfcommServer();
+                            break;
+                        default: // fall out
+                    }
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    mLogger.log(new IllegalArgumentException(intent.toString()),
+                            "Received unexpected intent");
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] convertPinToBytes(@Nullable String pin) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(pin)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        byte[] pinBytes;
+        pinBytes = pin.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        if (pinBytes.length <= 0 || pinBytes.length > 16) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return pinBytes;
+    }
+
+    private final NotifiableGattServlet mPasskeyServlet =
+            new NotifiableGattServlet() {
+                @Override
+                // Simulating deprecated API {@code PasskeyCharacteristic.ID} for testing.
+                @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
+                public BluetoothGattCharacteristic getBaseCharacteristic() {
+                    return new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                            PasskeyCharacteristic.CUSTOM_128_BIT_UUID,
+                            PROPERTY_WRITE | PROPERTY_INDICATE,
+                            PERMISSION_WRITE);
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public void write(
+                        BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, int offset, byte[] value) {
+                    mLogger.log("Got value from passkey servlet: %s", base16().encode(value));
+                    if (mSecret == null) {
+                        mLogger.log("Ignoring write to passkey characteristic, no pairing secret.");
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    try {
+                        mRemotePasskey = PasskeyCharacteristic.decrypt(
+                                PasskeyCharacteristic.Type.SEEKER, mSecret, value);
+                        if (mPasskeyEventCallback != null) {
+                            mPasskeyEventCallback.onRemotePasskeyReceived(mRemotePasskey);
+                        }
+                        checkPasskey();
+                    } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+                        mLogger.log(
+                                "Decrypting passkey value %s failed using key %s",
+                                base16().encode(value), base16().encode(mSecret));
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+
+    private final NotifiableGattServlet mDeviceNameServlet =
+            new NotifiableGattServlet() {
+                @Override
+                // Simulating deprecated API {@code NameCharacteristic.ID} for testing.
+                @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic getBaseCharacteristic() {
+                    return new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                            NameCharacteristic.CUSTOM_128_BIT_UUID,
+                            PROPERTY_WRITE | PROPERTY_INDICATE,
+                            PERMISSION_WRITE);
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public void write(
+                        BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, int offset, byte[] value) {
+                    mLogger.log("Got value from device naming servlet: %s", base16().encode(value));
+                    if (mSecret == null) {
+                        mLogger.log("Ignoring write to name characteristic, no pairing secret.");
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    // Parse the device name from seeker to write name into provider.
+                    mLogger.log("Got name byte array size = %d", value.length);
+                    try {
+                        String decryptedDeviceName =
+                                NamingEncoder.decodeNamingPacket(mSecret, value);
+                        if (decryptedDeviceName != null) {
+                            setDeviceName(decryptedDeviceName.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+                            mLogger.log("write device name = %s", decryptedDeviceName);
+                        }
+                    } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+                        mLogger.log(e, "Failed to decrypt device name.");
+                    }
+                    // For testing to make sure we get the new provider name from simulator.
+                    if (mWriteNameCountDown != null) {
+                        mLogger.log("finish count down latch to write device name.");
+                        mWriteNameCountDown.countDown();
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+
+    private Value mBluetoothAddress;
+    private final FastPairAdvertiser mAdvertiser;
+    private final Map<String, BluetoothGattServerHelper> mBluetoothGattServerHelpers =
+            new HashMap<>();
+    private CountDownLatch mIsDiscoverableLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+    private ScheduledFuture<?> mRevertDiscoverableFuture;
+    private boolean mShouldFailPairing = false;
+    private boolean mIsDestroyed = false;
+    private boolean mIsAdvertising;
+    @Nullable
+    private String mBleAddress;
+    private BluetoothDevice mPairingDevice;
+    private int mLocalPasskey;
+    private int mRemotePasskey;
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] mSecret;
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] mAccountKey; // The latest account key added.
+    // The first account key added. Eddystone treats that account as the owner of the device.
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] mOwnerAccountKey;
+    @Nullable
+    private PasskeyConfirmationCallback mPasskeyConfirmationCallback;
+    @Nullable
+    private DeviceNameCallback mDeviceNameCallback;
+    @Nullable
+    private PasskeyEventCallback mPasskeyEventCallback;
+    private final List<BatteryValue> mBatteryValues;
+    private boolean mSuppressBatteryNotification = false;
+    private boolean mSuppressSubsequentPairingNotification = false;
+    HandshakeRequest mHandshakeRequest;
+    @Nullable
+    private CountDownLatch mWriteNameCountDown;
+    private final RfcommServer mRfcommServer = new RfcommServer();
+    private boolean mSupportDynamicBufferSize = false;
+    private NotifiableGattServlet mBeaconActionsServlet;
+    private final FastPairSimulatorDatabase mFastPairSimulatorDatabase;
+    private boolean mIsSubsequentPair = false;
+
+    /** Sets the flag for failing paring for debug purpose. */
+    public void setShouldFailPairing(boolean shouldFailPairing) {
+        this.mShouldFailPairing = shouldFailPairing;
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the flag for failing paring for debug purpose. */
+    public boolean getShouldFailPairing() {
+        return mShouldFailPairing;
+    }
+
+    /** Clear the battery values, then no battery information is packed when advertising. */
+    public void clearBatteryValues() {
+        mBatteryValues.clear();
+    }
+
+    /** Sets the battery items which will be included in the advertisement packet. */
+    public void setBatteryValues(BatteryValue... batteryValues) {
+        this.mBatteryValues.clear();
+        Collections.addAll(this.mBatteryValues, batteryValues);
+    }
+
+    /** Sets whether the battery advertisement packet is within suppress type or not. */
+    public void setSuppressBatteryNotification(boolean suppressBatteryNotification) {
+        this.mSuppressBatteryNotification = suppressBatteryNotification;
+    }
+
+    /** Sets whether the account key data is within suppress type or not. */
+    public void setSuppressSubsequentPairingNotification(boolean isSuppress) {
+        mSuppressSubsequentPairingNotification = isSuppress;
+    }
+
+    /** Calls this to start advertising after some values are changed. */
+    public void startAdvertising() {
+        mAdvertiser.startAdvertising(getServiceData());
+    }
+
+    /** Send Event Message on to rfcomm connected devices. */
+    public void sendEventStreamMessageToRfcommDevices(EventGroup eventGroup) {
+        // Send fake log when event code is logging and type is not using Log_Full event.
+        if (eventGroup == EventGroup.LOGGING && !mUseLogFullEvent) {
+            mRfcommServer.sendFakeEventStreamLoggingMessage(
+                    getDeviceName()
+                            + " "
+                            + getBleAddress()
+                            + " send log at "
+                            + new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss:SSS", Locale.US)
+                            .format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime()));
+        } else {
+            mRfcommServer.sendFakeEventStreamMessage(eventGroup);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void setUseLogFullEvent(boolean useLogFullEvent) {
+        this.mUseLogFullEvent = useLogFullEvent;
+    }
+
+    /** An optional way to get advertising status updates. */
+    public interface AdvertisingChangedCallback {
+        /**
+         * Called when we change our BLE advertisement.
+         *
+         * @param isAdvertising the advertising status.
+         */
+        void onAdvertisingChanged(boolean isAdvertising);
+    }
+
+    /** A way for tests to get callbacks when passkey confirmation is invoked. */
+    public interface PasskeyConfirmationCallback {
+        void onPasskeyConfirmation(boolean confirm);
+    }
+
+    /** A way for simulator UI update to get callback when device name is changed. */
+    public interface DeviceNameCallback {
+        void onNameChanged(String deviceName);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Callback when there comes a passkey input request from BT service, or receiving remote
+     * device's passkey.
+     */
+    public interface PasskeyEventCallback {
+        void onPasskeyRequested(KeyInputCallback keyInputCallback);
+
+        void onRemotePasskeyReceived(int passkey);
+
+        default void onPasskeyConfirmation(int passkey, Consumer<Boolean> isConfirmed) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Options for the simulator. */
+    public static class Options {
+        private final String mModelId;
+
+        // TODO(b/143117318):Remove this when app-launch type has its own anti-spoofing key.
+        private final String mAdvertisingModelId;
+
+        @Nullable
+        private final String mBluetoothAddress;
+
+        @Nullable
+        private final String mBleAddress;
+
+        private final boolean mDataOnlyConnection;
+
+        private final int mTxPowerLevel;
+
+        private final boolean mEnableNameCharacteristic;
+
+        private final AdvertisingChangedCallback mAdvertisingChangedCallback;
+
+        private final boolean mIncludeTransportDataDescriptor;
+
+        @Nullable
+        private final byte[] mAntiSpoofingPrivateKey;
+
+        private final boolean mUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation;
+
+        private final boolean mBecomeDiscoverable;
+
+        private final boolean mShowsPasskeyConfirmation;
+
+        private final boolean mEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic;
+
+        private final boolean mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing;
+
+        @Nullable
+        private final ByteString mEddystoneIdentityKey;
+
+        private Options(
+                String modelId,
+                String advertisingModelId,
+                @Nullable String bluetoothAddress,
+                @Nullable String bleAddress,
+                boolean dataOnlyConnection,
+                int txPowerLevel,
+                boolean enableNameCharacteristic,
+                AdvertisingChangedCallback advertisingChangedCallback,
+                boolean includeTransportDataDescriptor,
+                @Nullable byte[] antiSpoofingPrivateKey,
+                boolean useRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation,
+                boolean becomeDiscoverable,
+                boolean showsPasskeyConfirmation,
+                boolean enableBeaconActionsCharacteristic,
+                boolean removeAllDevicesDuringPairing,
+                @Nullable ByteString eddystoneIdentityKey) {
+            this.mModelId = modelId;
+            this.mAdvertisingModelId = advertisingModelId;
+            this.mBluetoothAddress = bluetoothAddress;
+            this.mBleAddress = bleAddress;
+            this.mDataOnlyConnection = dataOnlyConnection;
+            this.mTxPowerLevel = txPowerLevel;
+            this.mEnableNameCharacteristic = enableNameCharacteristic;
+            this.mAdvertisingChangedCallback = advertisingChangedCallback;
+            this.mIncludeTransportDataDescriptor = includeTransportDataDescriptor;
+            this.mAntiSpoofingPrivateKey = antiSpoofingPrivateKey;
+            this.mUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation = useRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation;
+            this.mBecomeDiscoverable = becomeDiscoverable;
+            this.mShowsPasskeyConfirmation = showsPasskeyConfirmation;
+            this.mEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic = enableBeaconActionsCharacteristic;
+            this.mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing = removeAllDevicesDuringPairing;
+            this.mEddystoneIdentityKey = eddystoneIdentityKey;
+        }
+
+        public String getModelId() {
+            return mModelId;
+        }
+
+        // TODO(b/143117318):Remove this when app-launch type has its own anti-spoofing key.
+        public String getAdvertisingModelId() {
+            return mAdvertisingModelId;
+        }
+
+        @Nullable
+        public String getBluetoothAddress() {
+            return mBluetoothAddress;
+        }
+
+        @Nullable
+        public String getBleAddress() {
+            return mBleAddress;
+        }
+
+        public boolean getDataOnlyConnection() {
+            return mDataOnlyConnection;
+        }
+
+        public int getTxPowerLevel() {
+            return mTxPowerLevel;
+        }
+
+        public boolean getEnableNameCharacteristic() {
+            return mEnableNameCharacteristic;
+        }
+
+        public AdvertisingChangedCallback getAdvertisingChangedCallback() {
+            return mAdvertisingChangedCallback;
+        }
+
+        public boolean getIncludeTransportDataDescriptor() {
+            return mIncludeTransportDataDescriptor;
+        }
+
+        @Nullable
+        public byte[] getAntiSpoofingPrivateKey() {
+            return mAntiSpoofingPrivateKey;
+        }
+
+        public boolean getUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation() {
+            return mUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation;
+        }
+
+        public boolean getBecomeDiscoverable() {
+            return mBecomeDiscoverable;
+        }
+
+        public boolean getShowsPasskeyConfirmation() {
+            return mShowsPasskeyConfirmation;
+        }
+
+        public boolean getEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic() {
+            return mEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic;
+        }
+
+        public boolean getRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing() {
+            return mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing;
+        }
+
+        @Nullable
+        public ByteString getEddystoneIdentityKey() {
+            return mEddystoneIdentityKey;
+        }
+
+        /** Converts an instance to a builder. */
+        public Builder toBuilder() {
+            return new Options.Builder(this);
+        }
+
+        /** Constructs a builder. */
+        public static Builder builder() {
+            return new Options.Builder();
+        }
+
+        /** @param modelId Must be a 3-byte hex string. */
+        public static Builder builder(String modelId) {
+            return new Options.Builder()
+                    .setModelId(Ascii.toUpperCase(modelId))
+                    .setAdvertisingModelId(Ascii.toUpperCase(modelId))
+                    .setTxPowerLevel(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH)
+                    .setAdvertisingChangedCallback(isAdvertising -> {
+                    })
+                    .setIncludeTransportDataDescriptor(true)
+                    .setUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation(false)
+                    .setEnableNameCharacteristic(true)
+                    .setDataOnlyConnection(false)
+                    .setBecomeDiscoverable(true)
+                    .setShowsPasskeyConfirmation(false)
+                    .setEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic(true)
+                    .setRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing(true);
+        }
+
+        /** A builder for {@link Options}. */
+        public static class Builder {
+
+            private String mModelId;
+
+            // TODO(b/143117318):Remove this when app-launch type has its own anti-spoofing key.
+            private String mAdvertisingModelId;
+
+            @Nullable
+            private String mBluetoothAddress;
+
+            @Nullable
+            private String mBleAddress;
+
+            private boolean mDataOnlyConnection;
+
+            private int mTxPowerLevel;
+
+            private boolean mEnableNameCharacteristic;
+
+            private AdvertisingChangedCallback mAdvertisingChangedCallback;
+
+            private boolean mIncludeTransportDataDescriptor;
+
+            @Nullable
+            private byte[] mAntiSpoofingPrivateKey;
+
+            private boolean mUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation;
+
+            private boolean mBecomeDiscoverable;
+
+            private boolean mShowsPasskeyConfirmation;
+
+            private boolean mEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic;
+
+            private boolean mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing;
+
+            @Nullable
+            private ByteString mEddystoneIdentityKey;
+
+            private Builder() {
+            }
+
+            private Builder(Options option) {
+                this.mModelId = option.mModelId;
+                this.mAdvertisingModelId = option.mAdvertisingModelId;
+                this.mBluetoothAddress = option.mBluetoothAddress;
+                this.mBleAddress = option.mBleAddress;
+                this.mDataOnlyConnection = option.mDataOnlyConnection;
+                this.mTxPowerLevel = option.mTxPowerLevel;
+                this.mEnableNameCharacteristic = option.mEnableNameCharacteristic;
+                this.mAdvertisingChangedCallback = option.mAdvertisingChangedCallback;
+                this.mIncludeTransportDataDescriptor = option.mIncludeTransportDataDescriptor;
+                this.mAntiSpoofingPrivateKey = option.mAntiSpoofingPrivateKey;
+                this.mUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation =
+                        option.mUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation;
+                this.mBecomeDiscoverable = option.mBecomeDiscoverable;
+                this.mShowsPasskeyConfirmation = option.mShowsPasskeyConfirmation;
+                this.mEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic = option.mEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic;
+                this.mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing = option.mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing;
+                this.mEddystoneIdentityKey = option.mEddystoneIdentityKey;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Must be one of the {@code ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_*} levels in {@link AdvertiseSettings}.
+             * Default is HIGH.
+             */
+            public Builder setTxPowerLevel(int txPowerLevel) {
+                this.mTxPowerLevel = txPowerLevel;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Must be a 6-byte hex string (optionally with colons).
+             * Default is this device's BT MAC.
+             */
+            public Builder setBluetoothAddress(@Nullable String bluetoothAddress) {
+                this.mBluetoothAddress = bluetoothAddress;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            public Builder setBleAddress(@Nullable String bleAddress) {
+                this.mBleAddress = bleAddress;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /** A boolean to decide if enable name characteristic as simulator characteristic. */
+            public Builder setEnableNameCharacteristic(boolean enable) {
+                this.mEnableNameCharacteristic = enable;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /** @see AdvertisingChangedCallback */
+            public Builder setAdvertisingChangedCallback(
+                    AdvertisingChangedCallback advertisingChangedCallback) {
+                this.mAdvertisingChangedCallback = advertisingChangedCallback;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            public Builder setDataOnlyConnection(boolean dataOnlyConnection) {
+                this.mDataOnlyConnection = dataOnlyConnection;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Set whether to include the Transport Data descriptor, which has the list of supported
+             * profiles. This is required by the spec, but if we can't get it, we recover gracefully
+             * by assuming support for one of {A2DP, Headset}. Default is true.
+             */
+            public Builder setIncludeTransportDataDescriptor(
+                    boolean includeTransportDataDescriptor) {
+                this.mIncludeTransportDataDescriptor = includeTransportDataDescriptor;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            public Builder setAntiSpoofingPrivateKey(@Nullable byte[] antiSpoofingPrivateKey) {
+                this.mAntiSpoofingPrivateKey = antiSpoofingPrivateKey;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            public Builder setUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation(
+                    boolean useRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation) {
+                this.mUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation = useRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            // TODO(b/143117318):Remove this when app-launch type has its own anti-spoofing key.
+            public Builder setAdvertisingModelId(String modelId) {
+                this.mAdvertisingModelId = modelId;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            public Builder setBecomeDiscoverable(boolean becomeDiscoverable) {
+                this.mBecomeDiscoverable = becomeDiscoverable;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            public Builder setShowsPasskeyConfirmation(boolean showsPasskeyConfirmation) {
+                this.mShowsPasskeyConfirmation = showsPasskeyConfirmation;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            public Builder setEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic(
+                    boolean enableBeaconActionsCharacteristic) {
+                this.mEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic = enableBeaconActionsCharacteristic;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            public Builder setRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing(boolean removeAllDevicesDuringPairing) {
+                this.mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing = removeAllDevicesDuringPairing;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Non-public because this is required to create a builder. See
+             * {@link Options#builder}.
+             */
+            public Builder setModelId(String modelId) {
+                this.mModelId = modelId;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            public Builder setEddystoneIdentityKey(@Nullable ByteString eddystoneIdentityKey) {
+                this.mEddystoneIdentityKey = eddystoneIdentityKey;
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            // Custom builder in order to normalize properties. go/autovalue/builders-howto
+            public Options build() {
+                return new Options(
+                        Ascii.toUpperCase(mModelId),
+                        Ascii.toUpperCase(mAdvertisingModelId),
+                        mBluetoothAddress,
+                        mBleAddress,
+                        mDataOnlyConnection,
+                        mTxPowerLevel,
+                        mEnableNameCharacteristic,
+                        mAdvertisingChangedCallback,
+                        mIncludeTransportDataDescriptor,
+                        mAntiSpoofingPrivateKey,
+                        mUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation,
+                        mBecomeDiscoverable,
+                        mShowsPasskeyConfirmation,
+                        mEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic,
+                        mRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing,
+                        mEddystoneIdentityKey);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public FastPairSimulator(Context context, Options options) {
+        this(context, options, new Logger(TAG));
+    }
+
+    public FastPairSimulator(Context context, Options options, Logger logger) {
+        this.mContext = context;
+        this.mOptions = options;
+        this.mLogger = logger;
+
+        this.mBatteryValues = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        String bluetoothAddress =
+                !TextUtils.isEmpty(options.getBluetoothAddress())
+                        ? options.getBluetoothAddress()
+                        : Settings.Secure.getString(context.getContentResolver(),
+                                "bluetooth_address");
+        if (bluetoothAddress == null && VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.O) {
+            // Requires a modified Android O build for access to bluetoothAdapter.getAddress().
+            // See http://google3/java/com/google/location/nearby/apps/fastpair/simulator/README.md.
+            bluetoothAddress = mBluetoothAdapter.getAddress();
+        }
+        this.mBluetoothAddress =
+                new Value(BluetoothAddress.decode(bluetoothAddress), ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
+        this.mBleAddress = options.getBleAddress();
+        this.mAdvertiser = new OreoFastPairAdvertiser(this);
+
+        mFastPairSimulatorDatabase = new FastPairSimulatorDatabase(context);
+
+        byte[] deviceName = getDeviceNameInBytes();
+        mLogger.log(
+                "Provider default device name is %s",
+                deviceName != null ? new String(deviceName, StandardCharsets.UTF_8) : null);
+
+        if (mOptions.getDataOnlyConnection()) {
+            // To get BLE address, we need to start advertising first, and then
+            // {@code#setBleAddress} will be called with BLE address.
+            mAdvertiser.startAdvertising(modelIdServiceData(/* forAdvertising= */ true));
+        } else {
+            // Make this so that the simulator doesn't start automatically.
+            // This is tricky since the simulator is used in our integ tests as well.
+            start(mBleAddress != null ? mBleAddress : bluetoothAddress);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void start(String address) {
+        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED);
+        filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST);
+        filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
+        filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED);
+        filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);
+        mContext.registerReceiver(mBroadcastReceiver, filter);
+
+        BluetoothManager bluetoothManager = mContext.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class);
+        BluetoothGattServerHelper bluetoothGattServerHelper =
+                new BluetoothGattServerHelper(mContext, wrap(bluetoothManager));
+        mBluetoothGattServerHelpers.put(address, bluetoothGattServerHelper);
+
+        if (mOptions.getBecomeDiscoverable()) {
+            try {
+                becomeDiscoverable();
+            } catch (InterruptedException | TimeoutException e) {
+                mLogger.log(e, "Error becoming discoverable");
+            }
+        }
+
+        mAdvertiser.startAdvertising(modelIdServiceData(/* forAdvertising= */ true));
+        startGattServer(bluetoothGattServerHelper);
+        startRfcommServer();
+        scheduleAdvertisingRefresh();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Regenerate service data on a fixed interval.
+     * This causes the bloom filter to be refreshed and a different salt to be used for rotation.
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    private void scheduleAdvertisingRefresh() {
+        mExecutor.scheduleAtFixedRate(() -> {
+            if (mIsAdvertising) {
+                mAdvertiser.startAdvertising(getServiceData());
+            }
+        }, ADVERTISING_REFRESH_DELAY_1_MIN, ADVERTISING_REFRESH_DELAY_1_MIN, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+    }
+
+    public void destroy() {
+        try {
+            mLogger.log("Destroying simulator");
+            mIsDestroyed = true;
+            mContext.unregisterReceiver(mBroadcastReceiver);
+            mAdvertiser.stopAdvertising();
+            for (BluetoothGattServerHelper helper : mBluetoothGattServerHelpers.values()) {
+                helper.close();
+            }
+            stopRfcommServer();
+            mDeviceNameCallback = null;
+            mExecutor.shutdownNow();
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException ignored) {
+            // Happens if you haven't given us permissions yet, so we didn't register the receiver.
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean isDestroyed() {
+        return mIsDestroyed;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    public String getBluetoothAddress() {
+        return BluetoothAddress.encode(mBluetoothAddress.getBytes(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN));
+    }
+
+    public boolean isAdvertising() {
+        return mIsAdvertising;
+    }
+
+    public void setIsAdvertising(boolean isAdvertising) {
+        if (this.mIsAdvertising != isAdvertising) {
+            this.mIsAdvertising = isAdvertising;
+            mOptions.getAdvertisingChangedCallback().onAdvertisingChanged(isAdvertising);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void stopAdvertising() {
+        mAdvertiser.stopAdvertising();
+    }
+
+    public void setBleAddress(String bleAddress) {
+        this.mBleAddress = bleAddress;
+        if (mOptions.getDataOnlyConnection()) {
+            mBluetoothAddress = new Value(BluetoothAddress.decode(bleAddress),
+                    ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
+            start(bleAddress);
+        }
+        // When BLE address changes, needs to send BLE address to the client again.
+        sendDeviceBleAddress(bleAddress);
+
+        // If we are advertising something other than the model id (e.g. the bloom filter), restart
+        // the advertisement so that it is updated with the new address.
+        if (isAdvertising() && !isDiscoverable()) {
+            mAdvertiser.startAdvertising(getServiceData());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    public String getBleAddress() {
+        return mBleAddress;
+    }
+
+    // This method is only for testing to make test block until write name success or time out.
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public void setCountDownLatchToWriteName(CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
+        mLogger.log("Set up count down latch to write device name.");
+        mWriteNameCountDown = countDownLatch;
+    }
+
+    public boolean areBeaconActionsNotificationsEnabled() {
+        return mBeaconActionsServlet.areNotificationsEnabled();
+    }
+
+    private abstract class NotifiableGattServlet extends BluetoothGattServlet {
+        private final Map<BluetoothGattServerConnection, Notifier> mConnections = new HashMap<>();
+
+        abstract BluetoothGattCharacteristic getBaseCharacteristic();
+
+        @Override
+        public BluetoothGattCharacteristic getCharacteristic() {
+            // Enabling indication requires the Client Characteristic Configuration descriptor.
+            BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic = getBaseCharacteristic();
+            characteristic.addDescriptor(
+                    new BluetoothGattDescriptor(
+                            Constants.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_UUID,
+                            BluetoothGattDescriptor.PERMISSION_READ
+                                    | BluetoothGattDescriptor.PERMISSION_WRITE));
+            return characteristic;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void enableNotification(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, Notifier notifier)
+                throws BluetoothGattException {
+            mLogger.log("Registering notifier for %s", getCharacteristic());
+            mConnections.put(connection, notifier);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void disableNotification(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, Notifier notifier)
+                throws BluetoothGattException {
+            mLogger.log("Removing notifier for %s", getCharacteristic());
+            mConnections.remove(connection);
+        }
+
+        boolean areNotificationsEnabled() {
+            return !mConnections.isEmpty();
+        }
+
+        void sendNotification(byte[] data) {
+            if (mConnections.isEmpty()) {
+                mLogger.log("Not sending notify as no notifier registered");
+                return;
+            }
+            // Needs to be on a separate thread to avoid deadlocking and timing out (waits for a
+            // callback from OS, which happens on the main thread).
+            mExecutor.execute(
+                    () -> {
+                        for (Map.Entry<BluetoothGattServerConnection, Notifier> entry :
+                                mConnections.entrySet()) {
+                            try {
+                                mLogger.log("Sending notify %s to %s",
+                                        getCharacteristic(),
+                                        entry.getKey().getDevice().getAddress());
+                                entry.getValue().notify(data);
+                            } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                                mLogger.log(
+                                        e,
+                                        "Failed to notify (indicate) result of %s to %s",
+                                        getCharacteristic(),
+                                        entry.getKey().getDevice().getAddress());
+                            }
+                        }
+                    });
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void startRfcommServer() {
+        mRfcommServer.setRequestHandler(this::handleRfcommServerRequest);
+        mRfcommServer.setStateMonitor(state -> {
+            mLogger.log("RfcommServer is in %s state", state);
+            if (CONNECTED.equals(state)) {
+                sendModelId();
+                sendDeviceBleAddress(mBleAddress);
+                sendFirmwareVersion();
+                sendSessionNonce();
+            }
+        });
+        mRfcommServer.start();
+    }
+
+    private void handleRfcommServerRequest(int eventGroup, int eventCode, byte[] data) {
+        switch (eventGroup) {
+            case EventGroup.DEVICE_VALUE:
+                if (data == null) {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                String deviceValue = base16().encode(data);
+                if (eventCode == DeviceEventCode.DEVICE_CAPABILITY_VALUE) {
+                    mLogger.log("Received phone capability: %s", deviceValue);
+                } else if (eventCode == DeviceEventCode.PLATFORM_TYPE_VALUE) {
+                    mLogger.log("Received platform type: %s", deviceValue);
+                }
+                break;
+            case EventGroup.DEVICE_ACTION_VALUE:
+                if (eventCode == DeviceActionEventCode.DEVICE_ACTION_RING_VALUE) {
+                    mLogger.log("receive device action with ring value, data = %d",
+                            data[0]);
+                    sendDeviceRingActionResponse();
+                    // Simulate notifying the seeker that the ringing has stopped due
+                    // to user interaction (such as tapping the bud).
+                    mUiThreadHandler.postDelayed(this::sendDeviceRingStoppedAction,
+                            5000);
+                }
+                break;
+            case EventGroup.DEVICE_CONFIGURATION_VALUE:
+                if (eventCode == DeviceConfigurationEventCode.CONFIGURATION_BUFFER_SIZE_VALUE) {
+                    mLogger.log(
+                            "receive device action with buffer size value, data = %s",
+                            base16().encode(data));
+                    sendSetBufferActionResponse(data);
+                }
+                break;
+            case EventGroup.DEVICE_CAPABILITY_SYNC_VALUE:
+                if (eventCode == DeviceCapabilitySyncEventCode.REQUEST_CAPABILITY_UPDATE_VALUE) {
+                    mLogger.log("receive device capability update request.");
+                    sendCapabilitySync();
+                }
+                break;
+            default: // fall out
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void stopRfcommServer() {
+        mRfcommServer.stop();
+        mRfcommServer.setRequestHandler(null);
+        mRfcommServer.setStateMonitor(null);
+    }
+
+    private void sendModelId() {
+        mLogger.log("Send model ID to the client");
+        mRfcommServer.send(
+                EventGroup.DEVICE_VALUE,
+                DeviceEventCode.DEVICE_MODEL_ID_VALUE,
+                modelIdServiceData(/* forAdvertising= */ false));
+    }
+
+    private void sendDeviceBleAddress(String bleAddress) {
+        mLogger.log("Send BLE address (%s) to the client", bleAddress);
+        if (bleAddress != null) {
+            mRfcommServer.send(
+                    EventGroup.DEVICE_VALUE,
+                    DeviceEventCode.DEVICE_BLE_ADDRESS_VALUE,
+                    BluetoothAddress.decode(bleAddress));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void sendFirmwareVersion() {
+        mLogger.log("Send Firmware Version (%s) to the client", mDeviceFirmwareVersion);
+        mRfcommServer.send(
+                EventGroup.DEVICE_VALUE,
+                DeviceEventCode.FIRMWARE_VERSION_VALUE,
+                mDeviceFirmwareVersion.getBytes());
+    }
+
+    private void sendSessionNonce() {
+        mLogger.log("Send SessionNonce (%s) to the client", mDeviceFirmwareVersion);
+        SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
+        mSessionNonce = new byte[SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(mSessionNonce);
+        mRfcommServer.send(
+                EventGroup.DEVICE_VALUE, DeviceEventCode.SECTION_NONCE_VALUE, mSessionNonce);
+    }
+
+    private void sendDeviceRingActionResponse() {
+        mLogger.log("Send device ring action response to the client");
+        mRfcommServer.send(
+                EventGroup.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT_VALUE,
+                AcknowledgementEventCode.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT_ACK_VALUE,
+                new byte[]{
+                        EventGroup.DEVICE_ACTION_VALUE,
+                        DeviceActionEventCode.DEVICE_ACTION_RING_VALUE
+                });
+    }
+
+    private void sendSetBufferActionResponse(byte[] data) {
+        boolean hmacPassed = false;
+        for (ByteString accountKey : getAccountKeys()) {
+            try {
+                if (MessageStreamHmacEncoder.verifyHmac(
+                        accountKey.toByteArray(), mSessionNonce, data)) {
+                    hmacPassed = true;
+                    mLogger.log("Buffer size data matches account key %s",
+                            base16().encode(accountKey.toByteArray()));
+                    break;
+                }
+            } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+                // Ignore.
+            }
+        }
+        if (hmacPassed) {
+            mLogger.log("Send buffer size action response %s to the client", base16().encode(data));
+            mRfcommServer.send(
+                    EventGroup.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT_VALUE,
+                    AcknowledgementEventCode.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT_ACK_VALUE,
+                    new byte[]{
+                            EventGroup.DEVICE_CONFIGURATION_VALUE,
+                            DeviceConfigurationEventCode.CONFIGURATION_BUFFER_SIZE_VALUE,
+                            data[0],
+                            data[1],
+                            data[2]
+                    });
+        } else {
+            mLogger.log("No matched account key for sendSetBufferActionResponse");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void sendCapabilitySync() {
+        mLogger.log("Send capability sync to the client");
+        if (mSupportDynamicBufferSize) {
+            mLogger.log("Send dynamic buffer size range to the client");
+            mRfcommServer.send(
+                    EventGroup.DEVICE_CAPABILITY_SYNC_VALUE,
+                    DeviceCapabilitySyncEventCode.CONFIGURABLE_BUFFER_SIZE_RANGE_VALUE,
+                    new byte[]{
+                            0x00, 0x01, (byte) 0xf4, 0x00, 0x64, 0x00, (byte) 0xc8,
+                            0x01, 0x00, (byte) 0xff, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, (byte) 0x88,
+                            0x02, 0x01, (byte) 0xff, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, (byte) 0x88,
+                            0x03, 0x02, (byte) 0xff, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, (byte) 0x88,
+                            0x04, 0x03, (byte) 0xff, 0x03, 0x01, 0x03, (byte) 0x88
+                    });
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void sendDeviceRingStoppedAction() {
+        mLogger.log("Sending device ring stopped action to the client");
+        mRfcommServer.send(
+                EventGroup.DEVICE_ACTION_VALUE,
+                DeviceActionEventCode.DEVICE_ACTION_RING_VALUE,
+                // Additional data for stopping ringing on all components.
+                new byte[]{0x00});
+    }
+
+    private void startGattServer(BluetoothGattServerHelper helper) {
+        BluetoothGattServlet tdsControlPointServlet =
+                new NotifiableGattServlet() {
+                    @Override
+                    public BluetoothGattCharacteristic getBaseCharacteristic() {
+                        return new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(ControlPointCharacteristic.ID,
+                                PROPERTY_WRITE | PROPERTY_INDICATE, PERMISSION_WRITE);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void write(
+                            BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, int offset, byte[] value)
+                            throws BluetoothGattException {
+                        mLogger.log("Requested TDS Control Point write, value=%s",
+                                base16().encode(value));
+
+                        ResultCode resultCode = checkTdsControlPointRequest(value);
+                        if (resultCode == ResultCode.SUCCESS) {
+                            try {
+                                becomeDiscoverable();
+                            } catch (TimeoutException | InterruptedException e) {
+                                mLogger.log(e, "Failed to become discoverable");
+                                resultCode = ResultCode.OPERATION_FAILED;
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        mLogger.log("Request complete, resultCode=%s", resultCode);
+
+                        mLogger.log("Sending TDS Control Point response indication");
+                        sendNotification(
+                                Bytes.concat(
+                                        new byte[]{
+                                                getTdsControlPointOpCode(value),
+                                                resultCode.mByteValue,
+                                        },
+                                        resultCode == ResultCode.SUCCESS
+                                                ? TDS_CONTROL_POINT_RESPONSE_PARAMETER
+                                                : new byte[0]));
+                    }
+                };
+
+        BluetoothGattServlet brHandoverDataServlet =
+                new BluetoothGattServlet() {
+
+                    @Override
+                    public BluetoothGattCharacteristic getCharacteristic() {
+                        return new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(BrHandoverDataCharacteristic.ID,
+                                PROPERTY_READ, PERMISSION_READ);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public byte[] read(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, int offset) {
+                        return Bytes.concat(
+                                new byte[]{BrHandoverDataCharacteristic.BR_EDR_FEATURES},
+                                mBluetoothAddress.getBytes(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN),
+                                CLASS_OF_DEVICE.getBytes(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN));
+                    }
+                };
+
+        BluetoothGattServlet bluetoothSigServlet =
+                new BluetoothGattServlet() {
+
+                    @Override
+                    public BluetoothGattCharacteristic getCharacteristic() {
+                        BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic =
+                                new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                                        TransportDiscoveryService.BluetoothSigDataCharacteristic.ID,
+                                        0 /* no properties */,
+                                        0 /* no permissions */);
+
+                        if (mOptions.getIncludeTransportDataDescriptor()) {
+                            characteristic.addDescriptor(
+                                    new BluetoothGattDescriptor(
+                                            TransportDiscoveryService.BluetoothSigDataCharacteristic
+                                                    .BrTransportBlockDataDescriptor.ID,
+                                            BluetoothGattDescriptor.PERMISSION_READ));
+                        }
+                        return characteristic;
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public byte[] readDescriptor(
+                            BluetoothGattServerConnection connection,
+                            BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor,
+                            int offset)
+                            throws BluetoothGattException {
+                        return transportDiscoveryData();
+                    }
+                };
+
+        BluetoothGattServlet accountKeyServlet =
+                new BluetoothGattServlet() {
+                    @Override
+                    // Simulating deprecated API {@code AccountKeyCharacteristic.ID} for testing.
+                    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
+                    public BluetoothGattCharacteristic getCharacteristic() {
+                        return new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                                AccountKeyCharacteristic.CUSTOM_128_BIT_UUID,
+                                PROPERTY_WRITE,
+                                PERMISSION_WRITE);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void write(
+                            BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, int offset, byte[] value) {
+                        mLogger.log("Got value from account key servlet: %s",
+                                base16().encode(value));
+                        try {
+                            addAccountKey(AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.decrypt(mSecret, value),
+                                    mPairingDevice);
+                        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+                            mLogger.log(e, "Failed to decrypt account key.");
+                        }
+                        mUiThreadHandler.post(
+                                () -> mAdvertiser.startAdvertising(accountKeysServiceData()));
+                    }
+                };
+
+        BluetoothGattServlet firmwareVersionServlet =
+                new BluetoothGattServlet() {
+                    @Override
+                    public BluetoothGattCharacteristic getCharacteristic() {
+                        return new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                                FirmwareVersionCharacteristic.ID, PROPERTY_READ, PERMISSION_READ);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public byte[] read(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, int offset) {
+                        return mDeviceFirmwareVersion.getBytes();
+                    }
+                };
+
+        BluetoothGattServlet keyBasedPairingServlet =
+                new NotifiableGattServlet() {
+                    @Override
+                    // Simulating deprecated API {@code KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.ID} for
+                    // testing.
+                    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
+                    public BluetoothGattCharacteristic getBaseCharacteristic() {
+                        return new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                                KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.CUSTOM_128_BIT_UUID,
+                                PROPERTY_WRITE | PROPERTY_INDICATE,
+                                PERMISSION_WRITE);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void write(
+                            BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, int offset, byte[] value) {
+                        mLogger.log("Requesting key based pairing handshake, value=%s",
+                                base16().encode(value));
+
+                        mSecret = null;
+                        byte[] seekerPublicAddress = null;
+                        if (value.length == AES_BLOCK_LENGTH) {
+
+                            for (ByteString key : getAccountKeys()) {
+                                byte[] candidateSecret = key.toByteArray();
+                                try {
+                                    seekerPublicAddress = handshake(candidateSecret, value);
+                                    mSecret = candidateSecret;
+                                    mIsSubsequentPair = true;
+                                    break;
+                                } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+                                    mLogger.log(e, "Failed to decrypt with %s",
+                                            base16().encode(candidateSecret));
+                                }
+                            }
+                        } else if (value.length == AES_BLOCK_LENGTH + PUBLIC_KEY_LENGTH
+                                && mOptions.getAntiSpoofingPrivateKey() != null) {
+                            try {
+                                byte[] encryptedRequest = Arrays.copyOf(value, AES_BLOCK_LENGTH);
+                                byte[] receivedPublicKey =
+                                        Arrays.copyOfRange(value, AES_BLOCK_LENGTH, value.length);
+                                byte[] candidateSecret =
+                                        EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.create(
+                                                        mOptions.getAntiSpoofingPrivateKey())
+                                                .generateSecret(receivedPublicKey);
+                                seekerPublicAddress = handshake(candidateSecret, encryptedRequest);
+                                mSecret = candidateSecret;
+                            } catch (Exception e) {
+                                mLogger.log(
+                                        e,
+                                        "Failed to decrypt with anti-spoofing private key %s",
+                                        base16().encode(mOptions.getAntiSpoofingPrivateKey()));
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            mLogger.log("Packet length invalid, %d", value.length);
+                            return;
+                        }
+
+                        if (mSecret == null) {
+                            mLogger.log("Couldn't find a usable key to decrypt with.");
+                            return;
+                        }
+
+                        mLogger.log("Found valid decryption key, %s", base16().encode(mSecret));
+                        byte[] salt = new byte[9];
+                        new Random().nextBytes(salt);
+                        try {
+                            byte[] data = concat(
+                                    new byte[]{KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Response.TYPE},
+                                    mBluetoothAddress.getBytes(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN), salt);
+                            byte[] encryptedAddress = encrypt(mSecret, data);
+                            mLogger.log(
+                                    "Sending handshake response %s with size %d",
+                                    base16().encode(encryptedAddress), encryptedAddress.length);
+                            sendNotification(encryptedAddress);
+
+                            // Notify seeker for NameCharacteristic to get provider device name
+                            // when seeker request device name flag is true.
+                            if (mOptions.getEnableNameCharacteristic()
+                                    && mHandshakeRequest.requestDeviceName()) {
+                                byte[] encryptedResponse =
+                                        getDeviceNameInBytes() != null ? createEncryptedDeviceName()
+                                                : new byte[0];
+                                mLogger.log(
+                                        "Sending device name response %s with size %d",
+                                        base16().encode(encryptedResponse),
+                                        encryptedResponse.length);
+                                mDeviceNameServlet.sendNotification(encryptedResponse);
+                            }
+
+                            // Disconnects the current connection to allow the following pairing
+                            // request. Needs to be on a separate thread to avoid deadlocking and
+                            // timing out (waits for a callback from OS, which happens on this
+                            // thread).
+                            //
+                            // Note: The spec does not require you to disconnect from other
+                            // devices at this point.
+                            // If headphones support multiple simultaneous connections, they
+                            // should stay connected. But Android fails to pair with the new
+                            // device if we don't first disconnect from any other device.
+                            mLogger.log("Skip remove bond, value=%s",
+                                    mOptions.getRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing());
+                            if (mOptions.getRemoveAllDevicesDuringPairing()
+                                    && mHandshakeRequest.getType()
+                                    == HandshakeRequest.Type.KEY_BASED_PAIRING_REQUEST
+                                    && !mHandshakeRequest.requestRetroactivePair()) {
+                                mExecutor.execute(() -> disconnectAllBondedDevices());
+                            }
+
+                            if (mHandshakeRequest.getType()
+                                    == HandshakeRequest.Type.KEY_BASED_PAIRING_REQUEST
+                                    && mHandshakeRequest.requestProviderInitialBonding()) {
+                                // Run on executor to ensure it doesn't happen until after the
+                                // notify (which tells the remote device what address to expect).
+                                String seekerPublicAddressString =
+                                        BluetoothAddress.encode(seekerPublicAddress);
+                                mExecutor.execute(() -> {
+                                    mLogger.log("Sending pairing request to %s",
+                                            seekerPublicAddressString);
+                                    mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(
+                                            seekerPublicAddressString).createBond();
+                                });
+                            }
+                        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+                            mLogger.log(e, "Failed to notify of static mac address");
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    @Nullable
+                    private byte[] handshake(byte[] key, byte[] encryptedPairingRequest)
+                            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+                        mHandshakeRequest = new HandshakeRequest(key, encryptedPairingRequest);
+
+                        byte[] decryptedAddress = mHandshakeRequest.getVerificationData();
+                        if (mBleAddress != null
+                                && Arrays.equals(decryptedAddress,
+                                BluetoothAddress.decode(mBleAddress))
+                                || Arrays.equals(decryptedAddress,
+                                mBluetoothAddress.getBytes(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN))) {
+                            mLogger.log("Address matches: %s", base16().encode(decryptedAddress));
+                        } else {
+                            throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                                    "Address (BLE or BR/EDR) is not correct: "
+                                            + base16().encode(decryptedAddress)
+                                            + ", "
+                                            + mBleAddress
+                                            + ", "
+                                            + getBluetoothAddress());
+                        }
+
+                        switch (mHandshakeRequest.getType()) {
+                            case KEY_BASED_PAIRING_REQUEST:
+                                return handleKeyBasedPairingRequest(mHandshakeRequest);
+                            case ACTION_OVER_BLE:
+                                return handleActionOverBleRequest(mHandshakeRequest);
+                            case UNKNOWN:
+                                // continue to throw the exception;
+                        }
+                        throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                                "Type is not correct: " + mHandshakeRequest.getType());
+                    }
+
+                    @Nullable
+                    private byte[] handleKeyBasedPairingRequest(HandshakeRequest handshakeRequest)
+                            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+                        if (handshakeRequest.requestDiscoverable()) {
+                            mLogger.log("Requested discoverability");
+                            setScanMode(BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE);
+                        }
+
+                        mLogger.log(
+                                "KeyBasedPairing: initialBonding=%s, requestDeviceName=%s, "
+                                        + "retroactivePair=%s",
+                                handshakeRequest.requestProviderInitialBonding(),
+                                handshakeRequest.requestDeviceName(),
+                                handshakeRequest.requestRetroactivePair());
+
+                        byte[] seekerPublicAddress = null;
+                        if (handshakeRequest.requestProviderInitialBonding()
+                                || handshakeRequest.requestRetroactivePair()) {
+                            seekerPublicAddress = handshakeRequest.getSeekerPublicAddress();
+                            mLogger.log(
+                                    "Seeker sends BR/EDR address %s to provider",
+                                    BluetoothAddress.encode(seekerPublicAddress));
+                        }
+
+                        if (handshakeRequest.requestRetroactivePair()) {
+                            if (mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(
+                                    seekerPublicAddress).getBondState()
+                                    != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
+                                throw new GeneralSecurityException(
+                                        "Address (BR/EDR) is not bonded: "
+                                                + BluetoothAddress.encode(seekerPublicAddress));
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        return seekerPublicAddress;
+                    }
+
+                    @Nullable
+                    private byte[] handleActionOverBleRequest(HandshakeRequest handshakeRequest) {
+                        // TODO(wollohchou): implement action over ble request.
+                        if (handshakeRequest.requestDeviceAction()) {
+                            mLogger.log("Requesting action over BLE, device action");
+                        } else if (handshakeRequest.requestFollowedByAdditionalData()) {
+                            mLogger.log(
+                                    "Requesting action over BLE, followed by additional data, "
+                                            + "type:%s",
+                                    handshakeRequest.getAdditionalDataType());
+                        } else {
+                            mLogger.log("Requesting action over BLE");
+                        }
+                        return null;
+                    }
+
+                    /**
+                     * @return The encrypted device name from provider for seeker to use.
+                     */
+                    private byte[] createEncryptedDeviceName() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+                        byte[] deviceName = getDeviceNameInBytes();
+                        String providerName = new String(deviceName, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+                        mLogger.log(
+                                "Sending handshake response for device name %s with size %d",
+                                providerName, deviceName.length);
+                        return NamingEncoder.encodeNamingPacket(mSecret, providerName);
+                    }
+                };
+
+        mBeaconActionsServlet =
+                new NotifiableGattServlet() {
+                    private static final int GATT_ERROR_UNAUTHENTICATED = 0x80;
+                    private static final int GATT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE = 0x81;
+                    private static final int NONCE_LENGTH = 8;
+                    private static final int ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_OFFSET = 2;
+                    private static final int ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_LENGTH = 8;
+                    private static final int IDENTITY_KEY_LENGTH = 32;
+                    private static final byte TRANSMISSION_POWER = 0;
+
+                    private final SecureRandom mRandom = new SecureRandom();
+                    private final MessageDigest mSha256;
+                    @Nullable
+                    private byte[] mLastNonce;
+                    @Nullable
+                    private ByteString mIdentityKey = mOptions.getEddystoneIdentityKey();
+
+                    {
+                        try {
+                            mSha256 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
+                            mSha256.reset();
+                        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
+                            throw new IllegalStateException(
+                                    "System missing SHA-256 implementation.", e);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    // Simulating deprecated API {@code BeaconActionsCharacteristic.ID} for testing.
+                    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
+                    public BluetoothGattCharacteristic getBaseCharacteristic() {
+                        return new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                                BeaconActionsCharacteristic.CUSTOM_128_BIT_UUID,
+                                PROPERTY_READ | PROPERTY_WRITE | PROPERTY_NOTIFY,
+                                PERMISSION_READ | PERMISSION_WRITE);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public byte[] read(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, int offset) {
+                        mLastNonce = new byte[NONCE_LENGTH];
+                        mRandom.nextBytes(mLastNonce);
+                        return mLastNonce;
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void write(
+                            BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, int offset, byte[] value)
+                            throws BluetoothGattException {
+                        mLogger.log("Got value from beacon actions servlet: %s",
+                                base16().encode(value));
+                        if (value.length == 0) {
+                            mLogger.log("Packet length invalid, %d", value.length);
+                            throw new BluetoothGattException("Packet length invalid",
+                                    GATT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE);
+                        }
+                        switch (value[0]) {
+                            case BeaconActionType.READ_BEACON_PARAMETERS:
+                                handleReadBeaconParameters(value);
+                                break;
+                            case BeaconActionType.READ_PROVISIONING_STATE:
+                                handleReadProvisioningState(value);
+                                break;
+                            case BeaconActionType.SET_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY:
+                                handleSetEphemeralIdentityKey(value);
+                                break;
+                            case BeaconActionType.CLEAR_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY:
+                            case BeaconActionType.READ_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY:
+                            case BeaconActionType.RING:
+                            case BeaconActionType.READ_RINGING_STATE:
+                                throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                                        "Unimplemented beacon action",
+                                        BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+                            default:
+                                throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                                        "Unknown beacon action",
+                                        BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    private boolean verifyAccountKeyToken(byte[] value, boolean ownerOnly)
+                            throws BluetoothGattException {
+                        if (value.length < ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_LENGTH + ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_OFFSET) {
+                            mLogger.log("Packet length invalid, %d", value.length);
+                            throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                                    "Packet length invalid", GATT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE);
+                        }
+                        byte[] hashedAccountKey =
+                                Arrays.copyOfRange(
+                                        value,
+                                        ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_OFFSET,
+                                        ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_LENGTH + ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_OFFSET);
+                        if (mLastNonce == null) {
+                            throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                                    "Nonce wasn't set", GATT_ERROR_UNAUTHENTICATED);
+                        }
+                        if (ownerOnly) {
+                            ByteString accountKey = getOwnerAccountKey();
+                            if (accountKey != null) {
+                                mSha256.update(accountKey.toByteArray());
+                                mSha256.update(mLastNonce);
+                                return Arrays.equals(
+                                        hashedAccountKey,
+                                        Arrays.copyOf(mSha256.digest(), ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_LENGTH));
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            Set<ByteString> accountKeys = getAccountKeys();
+                            for (ByteString accountKey : accountKeys) {
+                                mSha256.update(accountKey.toByteArray());
+                                mSha256.update(mLastNonce);
+                                if (Arrays.equals(
+                                        hashedAccountKey,
+                                        Arrays.copyOf(mSha256.digest(),
+                                                ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_LENGTH))) {
+                                    return true;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        return false;
+                    }
+
+                    private int getBeaconClock() {
+                        return (int) TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime());
+                    }
+
+                    private ByteString fromBytes(byte... bytes) {
+                        return ByteString.copyFrom(bytes);
+                    }
+
+                    private byte[] intToByteArray(int value) {
+                        byte[] data = new byte[4];
+                        data[3] = (byte) value;
+                        data[2] = (byte) (value >>> 8);
+                        data[1] = (byte) (value >>> 16);
+                        data[0] = (byte) (value >>> 24);
+                        return data;
+                    }
+
+                    private void handleReadBeaconParameters(byte[] value)
+                            throws BluetoothGattException {
+                        if (!verifyAccountKeyToken(value, /* ownerOnly= */ false)) {
+                            throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                                    "failed to authenticate account key",
+                                    GATT_ERROR_UNAUTHENTICATED);
+                        }
+                        sendNotification(
+                                fromBytes(
+                                        (byte) BeaconActionType.READ_BEACON_PARAMETERS,
+                                        (byte) 5 /* data length */,
+                                        TRANSMISSION_POWER)
+                                        .concat(ByteString.copyFrom(
+                                                intToByteArray(getBeaconClock())))
+                                        .toByteArray());
+                    }
+
+                    private void handleReadProvisioningState(byte[] value)
+                            throws BluetoothGattException {
+                        if (!verifyAccountKeyToken(value, /* ownerOnly= */ false)) {
+                            throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                                    "failed to authenticate account key",
+                                    GATT_ERROR_UNAUTHENTICATED);
+                        }
+                        byte flags = 0;
+                        if (verifyAccountKeyToken(value, /* ownerOnly= */ true)) {
+                            flags |= (byte) (1 << 1);
+                        }
+                        if (mIdentityKey == null) {
+                            sendNotification(
+                                    fromBytes(
+                                            (byte) BeaconActionType.READ_PROVISIONING_STATE,
+                                            (byte) 1 /* data length */,
+                                            flags)
+                                            .toByteArray());
+                        } else {
+                            flags |= (byte) 1;
+                            sendNotification(
+                                    fromBytes(
+                                            (byte) BeaconActionType.READ_PROVISIONING_STATE,
+                                            (byte) 21 /* data length */,
+                                            flags)
+                                            .concat(
+                                                    E2eeCalculator.computeE2eeEid(
+                                                            mIdentityKey, /* exponent= */ 10,
+                                                            getBeaconClock()))
+                                            .toByteArray());
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    private void handleSetEphemeralIdentityKey(byte[] value)
+                            throws BluetoothGattException {
+                        if (!verifyAccountKeyToken(value, /* ownerOnly= */ true)) {
+                            throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                                    "failed to authenticate owner account key",
+                                    GATT_ERROR_UNAUTHENTICATED);
+                        }
+                        if (value.length
+                                != ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_LENGTH + ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_OFFSET
+                                + IDENTITY_KEY_LENGTH) {
+                            mLogger.log("Packet length invalid, %d", value.length);
+                            throw new BluetoothGattException("Packet length invalid",
+                                    GATT_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE);
+                        }
+                        if (mIdentityKey != null) {
+                            throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                                    "Device is already provisioned as Eddystone",
+                                    GATT_ERROR_UNAUTHENTICATED);
+                        }
+                        mIdentityKey = Crypto.aesEcbNoPaddingDecrypt(
+                                ByteString.copyFrom(mOwnerAccountKey),
+                                ByteString.copyFrom(value)
+                                        .substring(ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_LENGTH
+                                                + ONE_TIME_AUTH_KEY_OFFSET));
+                    }
+                };
+
+        ServiceConfig fastPairServiceConfig =
+                new ServiceConfig()
+                        .addCharacteristic(accountKeyServlet)
+                        .addCharacteristic(keyBasedPairingServlet)
+                        .addCharacteristic(mPasskeyServlet)
+                        .addCharacteristic(firmwareVersionServlet);
+        if (mOptions.getEnableBeaconActionsCharacteristic()) {
+            fastPairServiceConfig.addCharacteristic(mBeaconActionsServlet);
+        }
+
+        BluetoothGattServerConfig config =
+                new BluetoothGattServerConfig()
+                        .addService(
+                                TransportDiscoveryService.ID,
+                                new ServiceConfig()
+                                        .addCharacteristic(tdsControlPointServlet)
+                                        .addCharacteristic(brHandoverDataServlet)
+                                        .addCharacteristic(bluetoothSigServlet))
+                        .addService(
+                                FastPairService.ID,
+                                mOptions.getEnableNameCharacteristic()
+                                        ? fastPairServiceConfig.addCharacteristic(
+                                        mDeviceNameServlet)
+                                        : fastPairServiceConfig);
+
+        mLogger.log(
+                "Starting GATT server, support name characteristic %b",
+                mOptions.getEnableNameCharacteristic());
+        try {
+            helper.open(config);
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            mLogger.log(e, "Error starting GATT server");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Callback for passkey/pin input. */
+    public interface KeyInputCallback {
+        void onKeyInput(int key);
+    }
+
+    public void enterPassKey(int passkey) {
+        mLogger.log("enterPassKey called with passkey %d.", passkey);
+        mPairingDevice.setPairingConfirmation(true);
+    }
+
+    private void checkPasskey() {
+        // There's a race between the PAIRING_REQUEST broadcast from the OS giving us the local
+        // passkey, and the remote passkey received over GATT. Skip the check until we have both.
+        if (mLocalPasskey == 0 || mRemotePasskey == 0) {
+            mLogger.log(
+                    "Skipping passkey check, missing local (%s) or remote (%s).",
+                    mLocalPasskey, mRemotePasskey);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Regardless of whether it matches, send our (encrypted) passkey to the seeker.
+        sendPasskeyToRemoteDevice(mLocalPasskey);
+
+        mLogger.log("Checking localPasskey %s == remotePasskey %s", mLocalPasskey, mRemotePasskey);
+        boolean passkeysMatched = mLocalPasskey == mRemotePasskey;
+        if (mOptions.getShowsPasskeyConfirmation() && passkeysMatched
+                && mPasskeyEventCallback != null) {
+            mLogger.log("callbacks the UI for passkey confirmation.");
+            mPasskeyEventCallback.onPasskeyConfirmation(mLocalPasskey,
+                    this::setPasskeyConfirmation);
+        } else {
+            setPasskeyConfirmation(passkeysMatched);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void sendPasskeyToRemoteDevice(int passkey) {
+        try {
+            mPasskeyServlet.sendNotification(
+                    PasskeyCharacteristic.encrypt(
+                            PasskeyCharacteristic.Type.PROVIDER, mSecret, passkey));
+        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            mLogger.log(e, "Failed to encrypt passkey response.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void setFirmwareVersion(String versionNumber) {
+        mDeviceFirmwareVersion = versionNumber;
+    }
+
+    public void setDynamicBufferSize(boolean support) {
+        if (mSupportDynamicBufferSize != support) {
+            mSupportDynamicBufferSize = support;
+            sendCapabilitySync();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void setPasskeyConfirmationCallback(PasskeyConfirmationCallback callback) {
+        this.mPasskeyConfirmationCallback = callback;
+    }
+
+    public void setDeviceNameCallback(DeviceNameCallback callback) {
+        this.mDeviceNameCallback = callback;
+    }
+
+    public void setPasskeyEventCallback(PasskeyEventCallback passkeyEventCallback) {
+        this.mPasskeyEventCallback = passkeyEventCallback;
+    }
+
+    private void setPasskeyConfirmation(boolean confirm) {
+        mPairingDevice.setPairingConfirmation(confirm);
+        if (mPasskeyConfirmationCallback != null) {
+            mPasskeyConfirmationCallback.onPasskeyConfirmation(confirm);
+        }
+        mLocalPasskey = 0;
+        mRemotePasskey = 0;
+    }
+
+    private void becomeDiscoverable() throws InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
+        setDiscoverable(true);
+    }
+
+    public void cancelDiscovery() throws InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
+        setDiscoverable(false);
+    }
+
+    private void setDiscoverable(boolean discoverable)
+            throws InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
+        mIsDiscoverableLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        setScanMode(discoverable ? SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE : SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE);
+        // If we're already discoverable, count down the latch right away. Otherwise,
+        // we'll get a broadcast when we successfully become discoverable.
+        if (isDiscoverable()) {
+            mIsDiscoverableLatch.countDown();
+        }
+        if (mIsDiscoverableLatch.await(BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
+            mLogger.log("Successfully became switched discoverable mode %s", discoverable);
+        } else {
+            throw new TimeoutException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void setScanMode(int scanMode) {
+        if (mRevertDiscoverableFuture != null) {
+            mRevertDiscoverableFuture.cancel(false /* may interrupt if running */);
+        }
+
+        mLogger.log("Setting scan mode to %s", scanModeToString(scanMode));
+        try {
+            Method method = mBluetoothAdapter.getClass().getMethod("setScanMode", Integer.TYPE);
+            method.invoke(mBluetoothAdapter, scanMode);
+
+            if (scanMode == SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE) {
+                mRevertDiscoverableFuture =
+                        mExecutor.schedule(() -> setScanMode(SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE),
+                                SCAN_MODE_REFRESH_SEC, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            mLogger.log(e, "Error setting scan mode to %d", scanMode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static String scanModeToString(int scanMode) {
+        switch (scanMode) {
+            case SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE:
+                return "DISCOVERABLE";
+            case SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE:
+                return "CONNECTABLE";
+            case SCAN_MODE_NONE:
+                return "NOT CONNECTABLE";
+            default:
+                return "UNKNOWN(" + scanMode + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    private ResultCode checkTdsControlPointRequest(byte[] request) {
+        if (request.length < 2) {
+            mLogger.log(
+                    new IllegalArgumentException(), "Expected length >= 2 for %s",
+                    base16().encode(request));
+            return ResultCode.INVALID_PARAMETER;
+        }
+        byte opCode = getTdsControlPointOpCode(request);
+        if (opCode != ControlPointCharacteristic.ACTIVATE_TRANSPORT_OP_CODE) {
+            mLogger.log(
+                    new IllegalArgumentException(),
+                    "Expected Activate Transport op code (0x01), got %d",
+                    opCode);
+            return ResultCode.OP_CODE_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+        }
+        if (request[1] != BLUETOOTH_SIG_ORGANIZATION_ID) {
+            mLogger.log(
+                    new IllegalArgumentException(),
+                    "Expected Bluetooth SIG organization ID (0x01), got %d",
+                    request[1]);
+            return ResultCode.UNSUPPORTED_ORGANIZATION_ID;
+        }
+        return ResultCode.SUCCESS;
+    }
+
+    private static byte getTdsControlPointOpCode(byte[] request) {
+        return request.length < 1 ? 0x00 : request[0];
+    }
+
+    private boolean isDiscoverable() {
+        return mBluetoothAdapter.getScanMode() == SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE;
+    }
+
+    private byte[] modelIdServiceData(boolean forAdvertising) {
+        // Note: This used to be little-endian but is now big-endian. See b/78229467 for details.
+        byte[] modelIdPacket =
+                base16().decode(
+                        forAdvertising ? mOptions.getAdvertisingModelId() : mOptions.getModelId());
+        if (!mBatteryValues.isEmpty()) {
+            // If we are going to advertise battery values with the packet, then switch to the
+            // non-3-byte model ID format.
+            modelIdPacket = concat(new byte[]{0b00000110}, modelIdPacket);
+        }
+        return modelIdPacket;
+    }
+
+    private byte[] accountKeysServiceData() {
+        try {
+            return concat(new byte[]{0x00}, generateBloomFilterFields());
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to build bloom filter.", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private byte[] transportDiscoveryData() {
+        byte[] transportData = SUPPORTED_SERVICES_LTV;
+        return Bytes.concat(
+                new byte[]{BLUETOOTH_SIG_ORGANIZATION_ID},
+                new byte[]{tdsFlags(isDiscoverable() ? TransportState.ON : TransportState.OFF)},
+                new byte[]{(byte) transportData.length},
+                transportData);
+    }
+
+    private byte[] generateBloomFilterFields() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        Set<ByteString> accountKeys = getAccountKeys();
+        if (accountKeys.isEmpty()) {
+            return new byte[0];
+        }
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter =
+                new BloomFilter(
+                        new byte[(int) (1.2 * accountKeys.size()) + 3],
+                        new FastPairBloomFilterHasher());
+        String address = mBleAddress == null ? SIMULATOR_FAKE_BLE_ADDRESS : mBleAddress;
+
+        // Simulator supports Central Address Resolution characteristic, so when paired, the BLE
+        // address in Seeker will be resolved to BR/EDR address. This caused Seeker fails on
+        // checking the bloom filter due to different address is used for salting. In order to
+        // let battery values notification be shown on paired device, we use random salt to
+        // workaround it.
+        boolean advertisingBatteryValues = !mBatteryValues.isEmpty();
+        byte[] salt;
+        if (mOptions.getUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation() || advertisingBatteryValues) {
+            salt = new byte[1];
+            new SecureRandom().nextBytes(salt);
+            mLogger.log("Using random salt %s for bloom filter", base16().encode(salt));
+        } else {
+            salt = BluetoothAddress.decode(address);
+            mLogger.log("Using address %s for bloom filter", address);
+        }
+
+        // To prevent tampering, account filter shall be slightly modified to include battery data
+        // when the battery values are included in the advertisement. Normally, when building the
+        // account filter, a value V is produce by combining the account key with a salt. Instead,
+        // when battery values are also being advertised, it be constructed as follows:
+        // - the first 16 bytes are account key.
+        // - the next bytes are the salt.
+        // - the remaining bytes are the battery data.
+        byte[] saltAndBatteryData =
+                advertisingBatteryValues ? concat(salt, generateBatteryData()) : salt;
+
+        for (ByteString accountKey : accountKeys) {
+            bloomFilter.add(concat(accountKey.toByteArray(), saltAndBatteryData));
+        }
+        byte[] packet = generateAccountKeyData(bloomFilter);
+        return mOptions.getUseRandomSaltForAccountKeyRotation() || advertisingBatteryValues
+                // Create a header with length 1 and type 1 for a random salt.
+                ? concat(packet, createField((byte) 0x11, salt))
+                // Exclude the salt from the packet, BLE address will be assumed by the client.
+                : packet;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new field for the packet.
+     *
+     * The header is formatted 0xLLLLTTTT where LLLL is the
+     * length of the field and TTTT is the type (0 for bloom filter, 1 for salt).
+     */
+    private byte[] createField(byte header, byte[] value) {
+        return concat(new byte[]{header}, value);
+    }
+
+    public int getTxPower() {
+        return mOptions.getTxPowerLevel();
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    byte[] getServiceData() {
+        byte[] packet =
+                isDiscoverable()
+                        ? modelIdServiceData(/* forAdvertising= */ true)
+                        : !getAccountKeys().isEmpty() ? accountKeysServiceData() : null;
+        return addBatteryValues(packet);
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] addBatteryValues(byte[] packet) {
+        if (mBatteryValues.isEmpty() || packet == null) {
+            return packet;
+        }
+
+        return concat(packet, generateBatteryData());
+    }
+
+    private byte[] generateBatteryData() {
+        // Byte 0: Battery length and type, first 4 bits are the number of battery values, second
+        // 4 are the type.
+        // Byte 1 - length: Battery values, the first bit is charging status, the remaining bits are
+        // the actual value between 0 and 100, or -1 for unknown.
+        byte[] batteryData = new byte[mBatteryValues.size() + 1];
+        batteryData[0] = (byte) (mBatteryValues.size() << 4
+                | (mSuppressBatteryNotification ? 0b0100 : 0b0011));
+
+        int batteryValueIndex = 1;
+        for (BatteryValue batteryValue : mBatteryValues) {
+            batteryData[batteryValueIndex++] =
+                    (byte)
+                            ((batteryValue.mCharging ? 0b10000000 : 0b00000000)
+                                    | (0b01111111 & batteryValue.mLevel));
+        }
+
+        return batteryData;
+    }
+
+    private byte[] generateAccountKeyData(BloomFilter bloomFilter) {
+        // Byte 0: length and type, first 4 bits are the length of bloom filter, second 4 are the
+        // type which indicating the subsequent pairing notification is suppressed or not.
+        // The following bytes are the data of bloom filter.
+        byte[] filterBytes = bloomFilter.asBytes();
+        byte lengthAndType = (byte) (filterBytes.length << 4
+                | (mSuppressSubsequentPairingNotification ? 0b0010 : 0b0000));
+        mLogger.log(
+                "Generate bloom filter with suppress subsequent pairing notification:%b",
+                mSuppressSubsequentPairingNotification);
+        return createField(lengthAndType, filterBytes);
+    }
+
+    /** Disconnects all bonded devices. */
+    public void disconnectAllBondedDevices() {
+        for (BluetoothDevice device : mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices()) {
+            if (device.getBluetoothClass().getMajorDeviceClass() == Major.PHONE) {
+                removeBond(device);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void disconnect(BluetoothProfile profile, BluetoothDevice device) {
+        device.disconnect();
+    }
+
+    public void removeBond(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        device.removeBond();
+    }
+
+    public void resetAccountKeys() {
+        mFastPairSimulatorDatabase.setAccountKeys(new HashSet<>());
+        mFastPairSimulatorDatabase.setFastPairSeekerDevices(new HashSet<>());
+        mAccountKey = null;
+        mOwnerAccountKey = null;
+        mLogger.log("Remove all account keys");
+    }
+
+    public void addAccountKey(byte[] key) {
+        addAccountKey(key, /* device= */ null);
+    }
+
+    private void addAccountKey(byte[] key, @Nullable BluetoothDevice device) {
+        mAccountKey = key;
+        if (mOwnerAccountKey == null) {
+            mOwnerAccountKey = key;
+        }
+
+        mFastPairSimulatorDatabase.addAccountKey(key);
+        mFastPairSimulatorDatabase.addFastPairSeekerDevice(device, key);
+        mLogger.log("Add account key: key=%s, device=%s", base16().encode(key), device);
+    }
+
+    private Set<ByteString> getAccountKeys() {
+        return mFastPairSimulatorDatabase.getAccountKeys();
+    }
+
+    /** Get the latest account key. */
+    @Nullable
+    public ByteString getAccountKey() {
+        if (mAccountKey == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return ByteString.copyFrom(mAccountKey);
+    }
+
+    /** Get the owner account key (the first account key registered). */
+    @Nullable
+    public ByteString getOwnerAccountKey() {
+        if (mOwnerAccountKey == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return ByteString.copyFrom(mOwnerAccountKey);
+    }
+
+    public void resetDeviceName() {
+        mFastPairSimulatorDatabase.setLocalDeviceName(null);
+        // Trigger simulator to update device name text view.
+        if (mDeviceNameCallback != null) {
+            mDeviceNameCallback.onNameChanged(getDeviceName());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // This method is used in test case with default name in provider.
+    public void setDeviceName(String deviceName) {
+        setDeviceName(deviceName.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+    }
+
+    private void setDeviceName(@Nullable byte[] deviceName) {
+        mFastPairSimulatorDatabase.setLocalDeviceName(deviceName);
+
+        mLogger.log("Save device name : %s", getDeviceName());
+        // Trigger simulator to update device name text view.
+        if (mDeviceNameCallback != null) {
+            mDeviceNameCallback.onNameChanged(getDeviceName());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private byte[] getDeviceNameInBytes() {
+        return mFastPairSimulatorDatabase.getLocalDeviceName();
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    public String getDeviceName() {
+        String providerDeviceName =
+                getDeviceNameInBytes() != null
+                        ? new String(getDeviceNameInBytes(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8)
+                        : null;
+        mLogger.log("get device name = %s", providerDeviceName);
+        return providerDeviceName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Bit index: Description - Value
+     *
+     * <ul>
+     *   <li>0-1: Role - 0b10 (Provider only)
+     *   <li>2: Transport Data Incomplete: 0 (false)
+     *   <li>3-4: Transport State (0b00: Off, 0b01: On, 0b10: Temporarily Unavailable)
+     *   <li>5-7: Reserved for future use
+     * </ul>
+     */
+    private static byte tdsFlags(TransportState transportState) {
+        return (byte) (0b00000010 & (transportState.mByteValue << 3));
+    }
+
+    /** Detailed information about battery value. */
+    public static class BatteryValue {
+        boolean mCharging;
+
+        // The range is 0 ~ 100, and -1 represents the battery level is unknown.
+        int mLevel;
+
+        public BatteryValue(boolean charging, int level) {
+            this.mCharging = charging;
+            this.mLevel = level;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/FastPairSimulatorDatabase.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/FastPairSimulatorDatabase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cbe39ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/FastPairSimulatorDatabase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.SharedPreferences;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.StringTokenizer;
+
+/** Stores fast pair related information for each paired device */
+public class FastPairSimulatorDatabase {
+
+    private static final String SHARED_PREF_NAME =
+            "android.nearby.fastpair.provider.fastpairsimulator";
+    private static final String KEY_DEVICE_NAME = "DEVICE_NAME";
+    private static final String KEY_ACCOUNT_KEYS = "ACCOUNT_KEYS";
+    private static final int MAX_NUMBER_OF_ACCOUNT_KEYS = 8;
+
+    // [for SASS]
+    private static final String KEY_FAST_PAIR_SEEKER_DEVICE = "FAST_PAIR_SEEKER_DEVICE";
+
+    private final SharedPreferences mSharedPreferences;
+
+    public FastPairSimulatorDatabase(Context context) {
+        mSharedPreferences = context.getSharedPreferences(SHARED_PREF_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
+    }
+
+    /** Adds single account key. */
+    public void addAccountKey(byte[] accountKey) {
+        if (mSharedPreferences == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Set<ByteString> accountKeys = new HashSet<>(getAccountKeys());
+        if (accountKeys.size() >= MAX_NUMBER_OF_ACCOUNT_KEYS) {
+            Set<ByteString> removedKeys = new HashSet<>();
+            int removedCount = accountKeys.size() - MAX_NUMBER_OF_ACCOUNT_KEYS + 1;
+            for (ByteString key : accountKeys) {
+                if (removedKeys.size() == removedCount) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                removedKeys.add(key);
+            }
+
+            accountKeys.removeAll(removedKeys);
+        }
+
+        // Just make sure the newest key will not be removed.
+        accountKeys.add(ByteString.copyFrom(accountKey));
+        setAccountKeys(accountKeys);
+    }
+
+    /** Sets account keys, overrides all. */
+    public void setAccountKeys(Set<ByteString> accountKeys) {
+        if (mSharedPreferences == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Set<String> keys = new HashSet<>();
+        for (ByteString item : accountKeys) {
+            keys.add(base16().encode(item.toByteArray()));
+        }
+
+        mSharedPreferences.edit().putStringSet(KEY_ACCOUNT_KEYS, keys).apply();
+    }
+
+    /** Gets all account keys. */
+    public Set<ByteString> getAccountKeys() {
+        if (mSharedPreferences == null) {
+            return new HashSet<>();
+        }
+
+        Set<String> keys = mSharedPreferences.getStringSet(KEY_ACCOUNT_KEYS, new HashSet<>());
+        Set<ByteString> accountKeys = new HashSet<>();
+        // Add new account keys one by one.
+        for (String key : keys) {
+            accountKeys.add(ByteString.copyFrom(base16().decode(key)));
+        }
+
+        return accountKeys;
+    }
+
+    /** Sets local device name. */
+    public void setLocalDeviceName(byte[] deviceName) {
+        if (mSharedPreferences == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        String humanReadableName = deviceName != null ? new String(deviceName, UTF_8) : null;
+        if (humanReadableName == null) {
+            mSharedPreferences.edit().remove(KEY_DEVICE_NAME).apply();
+        } else {
+            mSharedPreferences.edit().putString(KEY_DEVICE_NAME, humanReadableName).apply();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Gets local device name. */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getLocalDeviceName() {
+        if (mSharedPreferences == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        String deviceName = mSharedPreferences.getString(KEY_DEVICE_NAME, null);
+        return deviceName != null ? deviceName.getBytes(UTF_8) : null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * [for SASS] Adds seeker device info. <a
+     * href="http://go/smart-audio-source-switching-design">Sass design doc</a>
+     */
+    public void addFastPairSeekerDevice(@Nullable BluetoothDevice device, byte[] accountKey) {
+        if (mSharedPreferences == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (device == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // When hitting size limitation, choose the existing items to delete.
+        Set<FastPairSeekerDevice> fastPairSeekerDevices = getFastPairSeekerDevices();
+        if (fastPairSeekerDevices.size() > MAX_NUMBER_OF_ACCOUNT_KEYS) {
+            int removedCount = fastPairSeekerDevices.size() - MAX_NUMBER_OF_ACCOUNT_KEYS + 1;
+            Set<FastPairSeekerDevice> removedFastPairDevices = new HashSet<>();
+            for (FastPairSeekerDevice fastPairDevice : fastPairSeekerDevices) {
+                if (removedFastPairDevices.size() == removedCount) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                removedFastPairDevices.add(fastPairDevice);
+            }
+            fastPairSeekerDevices.removeAll(removedFastPairDevices);
+        }
+
+        fastPairSeekerDevices.add(new FastPairSeekerDevice(device, accountKey));
+        setFastPairSeekerDevices(fastPairSeekerDevices);
+    }
+
+    /** [for SASS] Sets all seeker device info, overrides all. */
+    public void setFastPairSeekerDevices(Set<FastPairSeekerDevice> fastPairSeekerDeviceSet) {
+        if (mSharedPreferences == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Set<String> rawStringSet = new HashSet<>();
+        for (FastPairSeekerDevice item : fastPairSeekerDeviceSet) {
+            rawStringSet.add(item.toRawString());
+        }
+
+        mSharedPreferences.edit().putStringSet(KEY_FAST_PAIR_SEEKER_DEVICE, rawStringSet).apply();
+    }
+
+    /** [for SASS] Gets all seeker device info. */
+    public Set<FastPairSeekerDevice> getFastPairSeekerDevices() {
+        if (mSharedPreferences == null) {
+            return new HashSet<>();
+        }
+
+        Set<FastPairSeekerDevice> fastPairSeekerDevices = new HashSet<>();
+        Set<String> rawStringSet =
+                mSharedPreferences.getStringSet(KEY_FAST_PAIR_SEEKER_DEVICE, new HashSet<>());
+        for (String rawString : rawStringSet) {
+            FastPairSeekerDevice fastPairDevice = FastPairSeekerDevice.fromRawString(rawString);
+            if (fastPairDevice == null) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            fastPairSeekerDevices.add(fastPairDevice);
+        }
+
+        return fastPairSeekerDevices;
+    }
+
+    /** Defines data structure for the paired Fast Pair device. */
+    public static class FastPairSeekerDevice {
+        private static final int INDEX_DEVICE = 0;
+        private static final int INDEX_ACCOUNT_KEY = 1;
+
+        private final BluetoothDevice mDevice;
+        private final byte[] mAccountKey;
+
+        private FastPairSeekerDevice(BluetoothDevice device, byte[] accountKey) {
+            this.mDevice = device;
+            this.mAccountKey = accountKey;
+        }
+
+        public BluetoothDevice getBluetoothDevice() {
+            return mDevice;
+        }
+
+        public byte[] getAccountKey() {
+            return mAccountKey;
+        }
+
+        public String toRawString() {
+            return String.format("%s,%s", mDevice, base16().encode(mAccountKey));
+        }
+
+        /** Decodes the raw string if possible. */
+        @Nullable
+        public static FastPairSeekerDevice fromRawString(String rawString) {
+            BluetoothDevice device = null;
+            byte[] accountKey = null;
+            int step = INDEX_DEVICE;
+
+            StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(rawString, ",");
+            while (tokenizer.hasMoreElements()) {
+                boolean shouldStop = false;
+                String token = tokenizer.nextToken();
+                switch (step) {
+                    case INDEX_DEVICE:
+                        try {
+                            device = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice(token);
+                        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                            device = null;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    case INDEX_ACCOUNT_KEY:
+                        accountKey = base16().decode(token);
+                        if (accountKey.length != 16) {
+                            accountKey = null;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        shouldStop = true;
+                }
+
+                if (shouldStop) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                step++;
+            }
+            if (device != null && accountKey != null) {
+                return new FastPairSeekerDevice(device, accountKey);
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/HandshakeRequest.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/HandshakeRequest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cfffd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/HandshakeRequest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.decrypt;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.ActionOverBleFlag.ADDITIONAL_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.ActionOverBleFlag.DEVICE_ACTION;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.PROVIDER_INITIATES_BONDING;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.REQUEST_DEVICE_NAME;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.REQUEST_RETROACTIVE_PAIR;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_INDEX;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.AdditionalDataCharacteristic.AdditionalDataType;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * A wrapper for Fast Pair Provider to access decoded handshake request from the Seeker.
+ *
+ * @see {go/fast-pair-early-spec-handshake}
+ */
+public class HandshakeRequest {
+
+    /**
+     * 16 bytes data: 1-byte for type, 1-byte for flags, 6-bytes for provider's BLE address, 8 bytes
+     * optional data.
+     *
+     * @see {go/fast-pair-spec-handshake-message1}
+     */
+    private final byte[] mDecryptedMessage;
+
+    /** Enumerates the handshake message types. */
+    public enum Type {
+        KEY_BASED_PAIRING_REQUEST(Request.TYPE_KEY_BASED_PAIRING_REQUEST),
+        ACTION_OVER_BLE(Request.TYPE_ACTION_OVER_BLE),
+        UNKNOWN((byte) 0xFF);
+
+        private final byte mValue;
+
+        Type(byte type) {
+            mValue = type;
+        }
+
+        public byte getValue() {
+            return mValue;
+        }
+
+        public static Type valueOf(byte value) {
+            for (Type type : Type.values()) {
+                if (type.getValue() == value) {
+                    return type;
+                }
+            }
+            return UNKNOWN;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public HandshakeRequest(byte[] key, byte[] encryptedPairingRequest)
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        mDecryptedMessage = decrypt(key, encryptedPairingRequest);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the type of this handshake request. Currently, we have 2 types: 0x00 for Key-based
+     * Pairing Request and 0x10 for Action Request.
+     */
+    public Type getType() {
+        return Type.valueOf(mDecryptedMessage[Request.TYPE_INDEX]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets verification data of this handshake request.
+     * Currently, we use Provider's BLE address.
+     */
+    public byte[] getVerificationData() {
+        return Arrays.copyOfRange(
+                mDecryptedMessage,
+                Request.VERIFICATION_DATA_INDEX,
+                Request.VERIFICATION_DATA_INDEX + Request.VERIFICATION_DATA_LENGTH);
+    }
+
+    /** Gets Seeker's public address of the handshake request. */
+    public byte[] getSeekerPublicAddress() {
+        return Arrays.copyOfRange(
+                mDecryptedMessage,
+                Request.SEEKER_PUBLIC_ADDRESS_INDEX,
+                Request.SEEKER_PUBLIC_ADDRESS_INDEX + BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_LENGTH);
+    }
+
+    /** Checks whether the Seeker request discoverability from flags byte. */
+    public boolean requestDiscoverable() {
+        return (getFlags() & REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE) != 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the Seeker requests that the Provider shall initiate bonding from flags byte.
+     */
+    public boolean requestProviderInitialBonding() {
+        return (getFlags() & PROVIDER_INITIATES_BONDING) != 0;
+    }
+
+    /** Checks whether the Seeker requests that the Provider shall notify the existing name. */
+    public boolean requestDeviceName() {
+        return (getFlags() & REQUEST_DEVICE_NAME) != 0;
+    }
+
+    /** Checks whether this is for retroactively writing account key. */
+    public boolean requestRetroactivePair() {
+        return (getFlags() & REQUEST_RETROACTIVE_PAIR) != 0;
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the flags of this handshake request. */
+    private byte getFlags() {
+        return mDecryptedMessage[Request.FLAGS_INDEX];
+    }
+
+    /** Checks whether the Seeker requests a device action. */
+    public boolean requestDeviceAction() {
+        return (getFlags() & DEVICE_ACTION) != 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the Seeker requests an action which will be followed by an additional data
+     * .
+     */
+    public boolean requestFollowedByAdditionalData() {
+        return (getFlags() & ADDITIONAL_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC) != 0;
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the {@link AdditionalDataType} of this handshake request. */
+    @AdditionalDataType
+    public int getAdditionalDataType() {
+        if (!requestFollowedByAdditionalData()
+                || mDecryptedMessage.length <= ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_INDEX) {
+            return AdditionalDataType.UNKNOWN;
+        }
+        return mDecryptedMessage[ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_INDEX];
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/OreoFastPairAdvertiser.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/OreoFastPairAdvertiser.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc0cdfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/OreoFastPairAdvertiser.java
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertisingSet;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertisingSetCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertisingSetParameters;
+import android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.utils.Logger;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService;
+
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/** Fast Pair advertiser taking advantage of new Android Oreo advertising features. */
+public final class OreoFastPairAdvertiser implements FastPairAdvertiser {
+    private static final String TAG = "OreoFastPairAdvertiser";
+    private final Logger mLogger = new Logger(TAG);
+
+    private final FastPairSimulator mSimulator;
+    private final BluetoothLeAdvertiser mAdvertiser;
+    private final AdvertisingSetCallback mAdvertisingSetCallback;
+    private AdvertisingSet mAdvertisingSet;
+
+    public OreoFastPairAdvertiser(FastPairSimulator simulator) {
+        this.mSimulator = simulator;
+        this.mAdvertiser = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();
+        this.mAdvertisingSetCallback = new AdvertisingSetCallback() {
+
+            @Override
+            public void onAdvertisingSetStarted(
+                    AdvertisingSet set, int txPower, int status) {
+                if (status == AdvertisingSetCallback.ADVERTISE_SUCCESS) {
+                    mLogger.log("Advertising succeeded, advertising at %s dBm", txPower);
+                    simulator.setIsAdvertising(true);
+                    mAdvertisingSet = set;
+                    mAdvertisingSet.getOwnAddress();
+                } else {
+                    mLogger.log(
+                            new IllegalStateException(),
+                            "Advertising failed, error code=%d", status);
+                }
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onAdvertisingDataSet(AdvertisingSet set, int status) {
+                if (status != AdvertisingSetCallback.ADVERTISE_SUCCESS) {
+                    mLogger.log(
+                            new IllegalStateException(),
+                            "Updating advertisement failed, error code=%d",
+                            status);
+                    stopAdvertising();
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Callback for AdvertisingSet.getOwnAddress().
+            @Override
+            public void onOwnAddressRead(
+                    AdvertisingSet set, int addressType, String address) {
+                if (!address.equals(simulator.getBleAddress())) {
+                    mLogger.log(
+                            "Read own BLE address=%s at %s",
+                            address,
+                            new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss:SSS", Locale.US)
+                                    .format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime()));
+                    // Implicitly start the advertising once BLE address callback arrived.
+                    simulator.setBleAddress(address);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void startAdvertising(@Nullable byte[] serviceData) {
+        // To be informed that BLE address is rotated, we need to polling query it asynchronously.
+        if (mAdvertisingSet != null) {
+            mAdvertisingSet.getOwnAddress();
+        }
+
+        if (mSimulator.isDestroyed()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (serviceData == null) {
+            mLogger.log("Service data is null, stop advertising");
+            stopAdvertising();
+            return;
+        }
+
+        AdvertiseData data =
+                new AdvertiseData.Builder()
+                        .addServiceData(new ParcelUuid(FastPairService.ID), serviceData)
+                        .setIncludeTxPowerLevel(true)
+                        .build();
+
+        mLogger.log("Advertising FE2C service data=%s", base16().encode(serviceData));
+
+        if (mAdvertisingSet != null) {
+            mAdvertisingSet.setAdvertisingData(data);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        stopAdvertising();
+        AdvertisingSetParameters parameters =
+                new AdvertisingSetParameters.Builder()
+                        .setLegacyMode(true)
+                        .setConnectable(true)
+                        .setScannable(true)
+                        .setInterval(AdvertisingSetParameters.INTERVAL_LOW)
+                        .setTxPowerLevel(convertAdvertiseSettingsTxPower(mSimulator.getTxPower()))
+                        .build();
+        mAdvertiser.startAdvertisingSet(parameters, data, null, null, null,
+                mAdvertisingSetCallback);
+    }
+
+    private static int convertAdvertiseSettingsTxPower(int txPower) {
+        switch (txPower) {
+            case AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_ULTRA_LOW:
+                return AdvertisingSetParameters.TX_POWER_ULTRA_LOW;
+            case AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_LOW:
+                return AdvertisingSetParameters.TX_POWER_LOW;
+            case AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_MEDIUM:
+                return AdvertisingSetParameters.TX_POWER_MEDIUM;
+            default:
+                return AdvertisingSetParameters.TX_POWER_HIGH;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void stopAdvertising() {
+        if (mSimulator.isDestroyed()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mAdvertiser.stopAdvertisingSet(mAdvertisingSetCallback);
+        mAdvertisingSet = null;
+        mSimulator.setIsAdvertising(false);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothController.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothController.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0cc0c92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothController.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.Intent
+import android.content.IntentFilter
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.FastPairSimulator
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.utils.Logger
+import android.os.SystemClock
+import android.provider.Settings
+
+/** Controls the local Bluetooth adapter for Fast Pair testing. */
+class BluetoothController(
+    private val context: Context,
+    private val listener: EventListener
+) : BroadcastReceiver() {
+    private val mLogger = Logger(TAG)
+    private val bluetoothAdapter: BluetoothAdapter =
+        (context.getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE) as? BluetoothManager)?.adapter!!
+    private var remoteDevice: BluetoothDevice? = null
+    private var remoteDeviceConnectionState: Int = BluetoothAdapter.STATE_DISCONNECTED
+    private var a2dpSinkProxy: BluetoothProfile? = null
+
+    /** Turns on the local Bluetooth adapter */
+    fun enableBluetooth() {
+        if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled) {
+            bluetoothAdapter.enable()
+            waitForBluetoothState(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the Input/Output capability of the device for both classic Bluetooth and BLE operations.
+     * Note: In order to let changes take effect, this method will make sure the Bluetooth stack is
+     * restarted by blocking calling thread.
+     *
+     * @param ioCapabilityClassic One of {@link #IO_CAPABILITY_IO}, {@link #IO_CAPABILITY_NONE},
+     * ```
+     *     {@link #IO_CAPABILITY_KBDISP} or more in {@link BluetoothAdapter}.
+     * @param ioCapabilityBLE
+     * ```
+     * One of {@link #IO_CAPABILITY_IO}, {@link #IO_CAPABILITY_NONE}, {@link
+     * ```
+     *     #IO_CAPABILITY_KBDISP} or more in {@link BluetoothAdapter}.
+     * ```
+     */
+    fun setIoCapability(ioCapabilityClassic: Int, ioCapabilityBLE: Int) {
+        bluetoothAdapter.ioCapability = ioCapabilityClassic
+        bluetoothAdapter.leIoCapability = ioCapabilityBLE
+
+        // Toggling airplane mode on/off to restart Bluetooth stack and reset the BLE.
+        try {
+            Settings.Global.putInt(
+                context.contentResolver,
+                Settings.Global.AIRPLANE_MODE_ON,
+                TURN_AIRPLANE_MODE_ON
+            )
+        } catch (expectedOnNonCustomAndroid: SecurityException) {
+            mLogger.log(
+                expectedOnNonCustomAndroid,
+                "Requires custom Android to toggle airplane mode"
+            )
+            // Fall back to turn off Bluetooth.
+            bluetoothAdapter.disable()
+        }
+        waitForBluetoothState(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF)
+        try {
+            Settings.Global.putInt(
+                context.contentResolver,
+                Settings.Global.AIRPLANE_MODE_ON,
+                TURN_AIRPLANE_MODE_OFF
+            )
+        } catch (expectedOnNonCustomAndroid: SecurityException) {
+            mLogger.log(
+                expectedOnNonCustomAndroid,
+                "SecurityException while toggled airplane mode."
+            )
+        } finally {
+            // Double confirm that Bluetooth is turned on.
+            bluetoothAdapter.enable()
+        }
+        waitForBluetoothState(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON)
+    }
+
+    /** Registers this Bluetooth state change receiver. */
+    fun registerBluetoothStateReceiver() {
+        val bondStateFilter =
+            IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED).apply {
+                addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED)
+                addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED)
+            }
+        context.registerReceiver(
+            this,
+            bondStateFilter,
+            /* broadcastPermission= */ null,
+            /* scheduler= */ null
+        )
+    }
+
+    /** Unregisters this Bluetooth state change receiver. */
+    fun unregisterBluetoothStateReceiver() {
+        context.unregisterReceiver(this)
+    }
+
+    /** Clears current remote device. */
+    fun clearRemoteDevice() {
+        remoteDevice = null
+    }
+
+    /** Gets current remote device. */
+    fun getRemoteDevice(): BluetoothDevice? = remoteDevice
+
+    /** Gets current remote device as string. */
+    fun getRemoteDeviceAsString(): String = remoteDevice?.remoteDeviceToString() ?: "none"
+
+    /** Connects the Bluetooth A2DP sink profile service. */
+    fun connectA2DPSinkProfile() {
+        // Get the A2DP proxy before continuing with initialization.
+        bluetoothAdapter.getProfileProxy(
+            context,
+            object : BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener {
+                override fun onServiceConnected(profile: Int, proxy: BluetoothProfile) {
+                    // When Bluetooth turns off and then on again, this is called again. But we only care
+                    // the first time. There doesn't seem to be a way to unregister our listener.
+                    if (a2dpSinkProxy == null) {
+                        a2dpSinkProxy = proxy
+                        listener.onA2DPSinkProfileConnected()
+                    }
+                }
+
+                override fun onServiceDisconnected(profile: Int) {}
+            },
+            BluetoothProfile.A2DP_SINK
+        )
+    }
+
+    /** Get the current Bluetooth scan mode of the local Bluetooth adapter. */
+    fun getScanMode(): Int = bluetoothAdapter.scanMode
+
+    /** Return true if the remote device is connected to the local adapter. */
+    fun isConnected(): Boolean = remoteDeviceConnectionState == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_CONNECTED
+
+    /** Return true if the remote device is bonded (paired) to the local adapter. */
+    fun isPaired(): Boolean = bluetoothAdapter.bondedDevices.contains(remoteDevice)
+
+    /** Gets the A2DP sink profile proxy. */
+    fun getA2DPSinkProfileProxy(): BluetoothProfile? = a2dpSinkProxy
+
+    /**
+     * Callback method for receiving Intent broadcast of Bluetooth state.
+     *
+     * See [BroadcastReceiver#onReceive].
+     *
+     * @param context the Context in which the receiver is running.
+     * @param intent the Intent being received.
+     */
+    override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
+        when (intent.action) {
+            BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED -> {
+                // After a device starts bonding, we only pay attention to intents about that device.
+                val device =
+                    intent.getParcelableExtra<BluetoothDevice>(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE)
+                val bondState =
+                    intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE, BluetoothDevice.ERROR)
+                remoteDevice =
+                    when (bondState) {
+                        BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING, BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED -> device
+                        BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE -> null
+                        else -> remoteDevice
+                    }
+                mLogger.log(
+                    "ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED, the bound state of " +
+                            "the remote device (%s) change to %s.",
+                    remoteDevice?.remoteDeviceToString(),
+                    bondState.bondStateToString()
+                )
+                listener.onBondStateChanged(bondState)
+            }
+            BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED -> {
+                remoteDeviceConnectionState =
+                    intent.getIntExtra(
+                        BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_CONNECTION_STATE,
+                        BluetoothAdapter.STATE_DISCONNECTED
+                    )
+                mLogger.log(
+                    "ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED, the new connectionState: %s",
+                    remoteDeviceConnectionState
+                )
+                listener.onConnectionStateChanged(remoteDeviceConnectionState)
+            }
+            BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED -> {
+                val scanMode =
+                    intent.getIntExtra(
+                        BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_SCAN_MODE,
+                        BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_NONE
+                    )
+                mLogger.log(
+                    "ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED, the new scanMode: %s",
+                    FastPairSimulator.scanModeToString(scanMode)
+                )
+                listener.onScanModeChange(scanMode)
+            }
+            else -> {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun waitForBluetoothState(state: Int) {
+        while (bluetoothAdapter.state != state) {
+            SystemClock.sleep(1000)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun BluetoothDevice.remoteDeviceToString(): String = "${this.name}-${this.address}"
+
+    private fun Int.bondStateToString(): String =
+        when (this) {
+            BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE -> "BOND_NONE"
+            BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING -> "BOND_BONDING"
+            BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED -> "BOND_BONDED"
+            else -> "BOND_ERROR"
+        }
+
+    /** Interface for listening the events from Bluetooth controller. */
+    interface EventListener {
+        /** The callback for the first onServiceConnected of A2DP sink profile. */
+        fun onA2DPSinkProfileConnected()
+
+        /**
+         * Reports the current bond state of the remote device.
+         *
+         * @param bondState the bond state of the remote device.
+         */
+        fun onBondStateChanged(bondState: Int)
+
+        /**
+         * Reports the current connection state of the remote device.
+         *
+         * @param connectionState the bond state of the remote device.
+         */
+        fun onConnectionStateChanged(connectionState: Int)
+
+        /**
+         * Reports the current scan mode of the local Adapter.
+         *
+         * @param mode the current scan mode of the local Adapter.
+         */
+        fun onScanModeChange(mode: Int)
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        private const val TAG = "BluetoothController"
+
+        private const val TURN_AIRPLANE_MODE_OFF = 0
+        private const val TURN_AIRPLANE_MODE_ON = 1
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerConfig.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerConfig.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3cacd55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerConfig.java
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothConsts;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Map.Entry;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/** Configuration of a GATT server. */
+@TargetApi(18)
+public class BluetoothGattServerConfig {
+    private final Map<UUID, ServiceConfig> mServiceConfigs = new HashMap<UUID, ServiceConfig>();
+
+    @Nullable
+    private BluetoothGattServerHelper.Listener mServerlistener = null;
+
+    public BluetoothGattServerConfig addService(UUID uuid, ServiceConfig serviceConfig) {
+        mServiceConfigs.put(uuid, serviceConfig);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public BluetoothGattServerConfig setServerConnectionListener(
+            BluetoothGattServerHelper.Listener listener) {
+        mServerlistener = listener;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    public BluetoothGattServerHelper.Listener getServerListener() {
+        return mServerlistener;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a service and a characteristic to indicate that the server has dynamic services.
+     * This is a workaround for b/21587710.
+     * TODO(lingjunl): remove them when b/21587710 is fixed.
+     */
+    public BluetoothGattServerConfig addSelfDefinedDynamicService() {
+        ServiceConfig serviceConfig = new ServiceConfig().addCharacteristic(
+                new BluetoothGattServlet() {
+                    @Override
+                    public BluetoothGattCharacteristic getCharacteristic() {
+                        return new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                                BluetoothConsts.SERVICE_DYNAMIC_CHARACTERISTIC,
+                                BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ,
+                                BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ);
+                    }
+                });
+        return addService(BluetoothConsts.SERVICE_DYNAMIC_SERVICE, serviceConfig);
+    }
+
+    public List<BluetoothGattService> getBluetoothGattServices() {
+        List<BluetoothGattService> result = new ArrayList<BluetoothGattService>();
+        for (Entry<UUID, ServiceConfig> serviceEntry : mServiceConfigs.entrySet()) {
+            UUID serviceUuid = serviceEntry.getKey();
+            ServiceConfig serviceConfig = serviceEntry.getValue();
+            if (serviceUuid == null || serviceConfig == null) {
+                // This is not supposed to happen
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
+            }
+            BluetoothGattService gattService = new BluetoothGattService(serviceUuid,
+                    BluetoothGattService.SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY);
+            for (Entry<BluetoothGattCharacteristic, BluetoothGattServlet> servletEntry :
+                    serviceConfig.getServlets().entrySet()) {
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic = servletEntry.getKey();
+                if (characteristic == null) {
+                    // This is not supposed to happen
+                    throw new IllegalStateException();
+                }
+                gattService.addCharacteristic(characteristic);
+            }
+            result.add(gattService);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public List<UUID> getAdvertisedUuids() {
+        List<UUID> result = new ArrayList<UUID>();
+        for (Entry<UUID, ServiceConfig> serviceEntry : mServiceConfigs.entrySet()) {
+            UUID serviceUuid = serviceEntry.getKey();
+            ServiceConfig serviceConfig = serviceEntry.getValue();
+            if (serviceUuid == null || serviceConfig == null) {
+                // This is not supposed to happen
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
+            }
+            if (serviceConfig.isAdvertised()) {
+                result.add(serviceUuid);
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public Map<BluetoothGattCharacteristic, BluetoothGattServlet> getServlets() {
+        Map<BluetoothGattCharacteristic, BluetoothGattServlet> result =
+                new HashMap<BluetoothGattCharacteristic, BluetoothGattServlet>();
+        for (ServiceConfig serviceConfig : mServiceConfigs.values()) {
+            result.putAll(serviceConfig.getServlets());
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /** Configuration of a GATT service. */
+    public static class ServiceConfig {
+        private final Map<BluetoothGattCharacteristic, BluetoothGattServlet> mServlets =
+                new HashMap<BluetoothGattCharacteristic, BluetoothGattServlet>();
+        private boolean mAdvertise = false;
+
+        public ServiceConfig addCharacteristic(BluetoothGattServlet servlet) {
+            mServlets.put(servlet.getCharacteristic(), servlet);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public ServiceConfig setAdvertise(boolean advertise) {
+            mAdvertise = advertise;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Map<BluetoothGattCharacteristic, BluetoothGattServlet> getServlets() {
+            return mServlets;
+        }
+
+        public boolean isAdvertised() {
+            return mAdvertise;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerConnection.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerConnection.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fae6951
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerConnection.java
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.ReservedUuids;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.Operation;
+
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.google.common.base.Objects;
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.Closeable;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Map.Entry;
+import java.util.SortedMap;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Connection to a bluetooth LE device over Gatt.
+ */
+@TargetApi(18)
+public class BluetoothGattServerConnection implements Closeable {
+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+    private static final String TAG = BluetoothGattServerConnection.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    /** See {@link BluetoothGattDescriptor#DISABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE}. */
+    private static final short DISABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE = 0x0000;
+
+    /** See {@link BluetoothGattDescriptor#ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE}. */
+    private static final short ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE = 0x0001;
+
+    /** See {@link BluetoothGattDescriptor#ENABLE_INDICATION_VALUE}. */
+    private static final short ENABLE_INDICATION_VALUE = 0x0002;
+
+    /** Default MTU when value is unknown. */
+    public static final int DEFAULT_MTU = 23;
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final long OPERATION_TIMEOUT = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(1);
+
+    /** Notification types as defined by the BLE spec vol 4, sec G, part 3.3.3.3 */
+    public enum NotificationType {
+        NOTIFICATION,
+        INDICATION
+    }
+
+    /** BT operation types that can be in flight. */
+    public enum OperationType {
+        SEND_NOTIFICATION
+    }
+
+    private final Map<ScopedKey, Object> mContextValues = new HashMap<ScopedKey, Object>();
+    private final List<Listener> mCloseListeners = new ArrayList<Listener>();
+
+    private final BluetoothGattServerHelper mBluetoothGattServerHelper;
+    private final BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice;
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    BluetoothOperationExecutor mBluetoothOperationScheduler =
+            new BluetoothOperationExecutor(1);
+
+    /** Stores pending writes. For each UUID, we store an offset and a byte[] of data. */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final Map<BluetoothGattServlet, SortedMap<Integer, byte[]>> mQueuedCharacteristicWrites =
+            new HashMap<BluetoothGattServlet, SortedMap<Integer, byte[]>>();
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final Map<BluetoothGattCharacteristic, Notifier> mRegisteredNotifications =
+            new HashMap<BluetoothGattCharacteristic, Notifier>();
+
+    private final Map<BluetoothGattCharacteristic, BluetoothGattServlet> mServlets;
+
+    public BluetoothGattServerConnection(
+            BluetoothGattServerHelper bluetoothGattServerHelper,
+            BluetoothDevice device,
+            BluetoothGattServerConfig serverConfig) {
+        mBluetoothGattServerHelper = bluetoothGattServerHelper;
+        mBluetoothDevice = device;
+        mServlets = serverConfig.getServlets();
+    }
+
+    public void setContextValue(Object scope, String key, @Nullable Object value) {
+        mContextValues.put(new ScopedKey(scope, key), value);
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    public Object getContextValue(Object scope, String key) {
+        return mContextValues.get(new ScopedKey(scope, key));
+    }
+
+    public BluetoothDevice getDevice() {
+        return mBluetoothDevice;
+    }
+
+    public int getMtu() {
+        return DEFAULT_MTU;
+    }
+
+    public int getMaxDataPacketSize() {
+        // Per BT specs (3.2.9), only MTU - 3 bytes can be used to transmit data
+        return getMtu() - 3;
+    }
+
+    public void addCloseListener(Listener listener) {
+        synchronized (mCloseListeners) {
+            mCloseListeners.add(listener);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void removeCloseListener(Listener listener) {
+        synchronized (mCloseListeners) {
+            mCloseListeners.remove(listener);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private BluetoothGattServlet getServlet(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic)
+            throws BluetoothGattException {
+        BluetoothGattServlet servlet = mServlets.get(characteristic);
+        if (servlet == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                    String.format("No handler registered for characteristic %s.",
+                            characteristic.getUuid()),
+                    BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+        }
+        return servlet;
+    }
+
+    public byte[] readCharacteristic(int offset, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic)
+            throws BluetoothGattException {
+        return getServlet(characteristic).read(this, offset);
+    }
+
+    public void writeCharacteristic(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
+            boolean preparedWrite,
+            int offset, byte[] value) throws BluetoothGattException {
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format(
+                "Received %d bytes at offset %d on %s from device %s, prepareWrite=%s.",
+                value.length,
+                offset,
+                BluetoothGattUtils.toString(characteristic),
+                mBluetoothDevice,
+                preparedWrite));
+        BluetoothGattServlet servlet = getServlet(characteristic);
+        if (preparedWrite) {
+            SortedMap<Integer, byte[]> bytePackets = mQueuedCharacteristicWrites.get(servlet);
+            if (bytePackets == null) {
+                bytePackets = new TreeMap<Integer, byte[]>();
+                mQueuedCharacteristicWrites.put(servlet, bytePackets);
+            }
+            bytePackets.put(offset, value);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Log.d(TAG, servlet.toString());
+        servlet.write(this, offset, value);
+    }
+
+    public byte[] readDescriptor(int offset, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor)
+            throws BluetoothGattException {
+        BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic = descriptor.getCharacteristic();
+        if (characteristic == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothGattException(String.format(
+                    "Descriptor %s not associated with a characteristics!",
+                    BluetoothGattUtils.toString(descriptor)), BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE);
+        }
+        return getServlet(characteristic).readDescriptor(this, descriptor, offset);
+    }
+
+    public void writeDescriptor(
+            BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor,
+            boolean preparedWrite,
+            int offset,
+            byte[] value) throws BluetoothGattException {
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format(
+                "Received %d bytes at offset %d on %s from device %s, prepareWrite=%s.",
+                value.length,
+                offset,
+                BluetoothGattUtils.toString(descriptor),
+                mBluetoothDevice,
+                preparedWrite));
+        if (preparedWrite) {
+            throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                    String.format("Prepare write not supported for descriptor %s.", descriptor),
+                    BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+        }
+
+        BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic = descriptor.getCharacteristic();
+        if (characteristic == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothGattException(String.format(
+                    "Descriptor %s not associated with a characteristics!",
+                    BluetoothGattUtils.toString(descriptor)), BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE);
+        }
+        BluetoothGattServlet servlet = getServlet(characteristic);
+        if (descriptor.getUuid().equals(
+                ReservedUuids.Descriptors.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION)) {
+            handleCharacteristicConfigurationChange(characteristic, servlet, offset, value);
+            return;
+        }
+        servlet.writeDescriptor(this, descriptor, offset, value);
+    }
+
+    private void handleCharacteristicConfigurationChange(
+            final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, BluetoothGattServlet servlet,
+            int offset,
+            byte[] value)
+            throws BluetoothGattException {
+        if (offset != 0) {
+            throw new BluetoothGattException(String.format(
+                    "Offset should be 0 when changing the client characteristic config: %d.",
+                    offset),
+                    BluetoothGatt.GATT_INVALID_OFFSET);
+        }
+        if (value.length != 2) {
+            throw new BluetoothGattException(String.format(
+                    "Value 0x%s is undefined for the client characteristic config",
+                    BaseEncoding.base16().encode(value)),
+                    BluetoothGatt.GATT_INVALID_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH);
+        }
+
+        boolean notificationRegistered = mRegisteredNotifications.containsKey(characteristic);
+        Notifier notifier;
+        switch (toShort(value)) {
+            case ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE:
+                if (!notificationRegistered) {
+                    notifier = new Notifier() {
+                        @Override
+                        public void notify(byte[] data) throws BluetoothException {
+                            sendNotification(characteristic, NotificationType.NOTIFICATION, data);
+                        }
+                    };
+                    mRegisteredNotifications.put(characteristic, notifier);
+                    servlet.enableNotification(this, notifier);
+                }
+                break;
+            case ENABLE_INDICATION_VALUE:
+                if (!notificationRegistered) {
+                    notifier = new Notifier() {
+                        @Override
+                        public void notify(byte[] data) throws BluetoothException {
+                            sendNotification(characteristic, NotificationType.INDICATION, data);
+                        }
+                    };
+                    mRegisteredNotifications.put(characteristic, notifier);
+                    servlet.enableNotification(this, notifier);
+                }
+                break;
+            case DISABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE:
+                // Note: this disables notifications or indications.
+                if (notificationRegistered) {
+                    notifier = mRegisteredNotifications.remove(characteristic);
+                    if (notifier == null) {
+                        return; // this is not supposed to happen
+                    }
+                    servlet.disableNotification(this, notifier);
+                }
+                break;
+            default:
+                throw new BluetoothGattException(String.format(
+                        "Value 0x%s is undefined for the client characteristic config",
+                        BaseEncoding.base16().encode(value)),
+                        BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static short toShort(byte[] value) {
+        Preconditions.checkNotNull(value);
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(value.length == 2, "Length should be 2 bytes.");
+
+        return (short) ((value[0] & 0x00FF) | (value[1] << 8));
+    }
+
+    public void executeWrite(boolean execute) throws BluetoothGattException {
+        if (!execute) {
+            mQueuedCharacteristicWrites.clear();
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            for (Entry<BluetoothGattServlet, SortedMap<Integer, byte[]>> queuedWrite :
+                    mQueuedCharacteristicWrites.entrySet()) {
+                BluetoothGattServlet servlet = queuedWrite.getKey();
+                SortedMap<Integer, byte[]> chunks = queuedWrite.getValue();
+                if (servlet == null || chunks == null) {
+                    // This is not supposed to happen
+                    throw new IllegalStateException();
+                }
+                assembleByteChunksAndHandle(servlet, chunks);
+            }
+        } finally {
+            mQueuedCharacteristicWrites.clear();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Assembles the specified queued writes and calls the provided write handler on the assembled
+     * chunks. Tries to assemble all the chunks into one write request. For example, if the content
+     * of byteChunks is:
+     * <code>
+     * offset data_size
+     * 0       10
+     * 10        1
+     * 11        5
+     * </code>
+     *
+     * then this method would call <code>writeHandler.onWrite(0, byte[16])</code>
+     *
+     * However, if all the chunks cannot be assembled into a continuous byte[], then onWrite() will
+     * be called multiple times with the largest continuous chunks. For example, if the content of
+     * byteChunks is:
+     * <code>
+     * offset data_size
+     * 10       12
+     * 30        5
+     * 35        9
+     * </code>
+     *
+     * then this method would call <code>writeHandler.onWrite(10, byte[12)</code> and
+     * <code>writeHandler.onWrite(30, byte[14]).
+     */
+    private void assembleByteChunksAndHandle(BluetoothGattServlet servlet,
+            SortedMap<Integer, byte[]> byteChunks) throws BluetoothGattException {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream assembledRequest = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        Integer startWritingAtOffset = 0;
+
+        while (!byteChunks.isEmpty()) {
+            Integer offset = byteChunks.firstKey();
+
+            if (offset.intValue() < startWritingAtOffset + assembledRequest.size()) {
+                throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                        "Expected offset of at least " + assembledRequest.size()
+                                + ", but got offset " + offset, BluetoothGatt.GATT_INVALID_OFFSET);
+            }
+
+            // If we have a hole, then write what we've already assembled and start assembling a new
+            // long write
+            if (offset.intValue() > startWritingAtOffset + assembledRequest.size()) {
+                servlet.write(this, startWritingAtOffset.intValue(),
+                        assembledRequest.toByteArray());
+                startWritingAtOffset = offset;
+                assembledRequest.reset();
+            }
+
+            try {
+                byte[] dataChunk = byteChunks.remove(offset);
+                if (dataChunk == null) {
+                    // This is not supposed to happen
+                    throw new IllegalStateException();
+                }
+                assembledRequest.write(dataChunk);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                throw new BluetoothGattException("Error assembling request",
+                        BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // If there is anything to write, write it
+        if (assembledRequest.size() > 0) {
+            Preconditions.checkNotNull(startWritingAtOffset); // should never be null at this point
+            servlet.write(this, startWritingAtOffset.intValue(), assembledRequest.toByteArray());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void sendNotification(final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
+            final NotificationType notificationType, final byte[] data)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        mBluetoothOperationScheduler.execute(
+                new Operation<Void>(OperationType.SEND_NOTIFICATION) {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                        mBluetoothGattServerHelper.sendNotification(mBluetoothDevice,
+                                characteristic,
+                                data,
+                                notificationType == NotificationType.INDICATION ? true : false);
+                    }
+                },
+                OPERATION_TIMEOUT);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() throws IOException {
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattServerHelper.closeConnection(mBluetoothDevice);
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            throw new IOException("Failed to close connection", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void notifyNotificationSent(int status) {
+        mBluetoothOperationScheduler.notifyCompletion(
+                new Operation<Void>(OperationType.SEND_NOTIFICATION), status);
+    }
+
+    public void onClose() {
+        synchronized (mCloseListeners) {
+            for (Listener listener : mCloseListeners) {
+                listener.onClose();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Scope/key pair to use to reference contextual values. */
+    private static class ScopedKey {
+        private final Object mScope;
+        private final String mKey;
+
+        ScopedKey(Object scope, String key) {
+            mScope = scope;
+            mKey = key;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(@Nullable Object o) {
+            if (!(o instanceof ScopedKey)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            ScopedKey other = (ScopedKey) o;
+            return other.mScope.equals(mScope) && other.mKey.equals(mKey);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hashCode(mScope, mKey);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Listener to be notified when the connection closes. */
+    public interface Listener {
+        void onClose();
+    }
+
+    /** Notifier to notify data over notification or indication. */
+    public interface Notifier {
+        void notify(byte[] data) throws BluetoothException;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerHelper.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9339e14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,449 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.VersionProvider;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.Operation;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Helper for simplifying operations on {@link BluetoothGattServer}.
+ */
+@TargetApi(18)
+public class BluetoothGattServerHelper {
+    private static final String TAG = BluetoothGattServerHelper.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final long OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(1);
+    private static final int MAX_PARALLEL_OPERATIONS = 5;
+
+    /** BT operation types that can be in flight. */
+    public enum OperationType {
+        ADD_SERVICE,
+        CLOSE_CONNECTION,
+        START_ADVERTISING
+    }
+
+    private final Object mOperationLock = new Object();
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final BluetoothGattServerCallback mGattServerCallback =
+            new GattServerCallback();
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    BluetoothOperationExecutor mBluetoothOperationScheduler =
+            new BluetoothOperationExecutor(MAX_PARALLEL_OPERATIONS);
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager;
+    private final VersionProvider mVersionProvider;
+
+    @Nullable
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    volatile BluetoothGattServerConfig mServerConfig = null;
+
+    @Nullable
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    volatile BluetoothGattServer mBluetoothGattServer = null;
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final ConcurrentMap<BluetoothDevice, BluetoothGattServerConnection>
+            mConnections = new ConcurrentHashMap<BluetoothDevice, BluetoothGattServerConnection>();
+
+    public BluetoothGattServerHelper(Context context, BluetoothManager bluetoothManager) {
+        this(
+                Preconditions.checkNotNull(context),
+                Preconditions.checkNotNull(bluetoothManager),
+                new VersionProvider()
+        );
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    BluetoothGattServerHelper(
+            Context context, BluetoothManager bluetoothManager, VersionProvider versionProvider) {
+        mContext = context;
+        mBluetoothManager = bluetoothManager;
+        mVersionProvider = versionProvider;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    public BluetoothGattServerConfig getConfig() {
+        return mServerConfig;
+    }
+
+    public void open(final BluetoothGattServerConfig gattServerConfig) throws BluetoothException {
+        synchronized (mOperationLock) {
+            Preconditions.checkState(mBluetoothGattServer == null, "Gatt server is already open.");
+            final BluetoothGattServer server =
+                    mBluetoothManager.openGattServer(mContext, mGattServerCallback);
+            if (server == null) {
+                throw new BluetoothException(
+                        "Failed to open the GATT server, openGattServer returned null.");
+            }
+
+            try {
+                for (final BluetoothGattService service :
+                        gattServerConfig.getBluetoothGattServices()) {
+                    if (service == null) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    mBluetoothOperationScheduler.execute(
+                            new Operation<Void>(OperationType.ADD_SERVICE, service) {
+                                @Override
+                                public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                                    boolean success = server.addService(service);
+                                    if (!success) {
+                                        throw new BluetoothException("Fails on adding service");
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }, OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
+                }
+                mBluetoothGattServer = server;
+                mServerConfig = gattServerConfig;
+            } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+                server.close();
+                throw e;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean isOpen() {
+        synchronized (mOperationLock) {
+            return mBluetoothGattServer != null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void close() {
+        synchronized (mOperationLock) {
+            BluetoothGattServer bluetoothGattServer = mBluetoothGattServer;
+            if (bluetoothGattServer == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            bluetoothGattServer.close();
+            mBluetoothGattServer = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private BluetoothGattServerConnection getConnectionByDevice(BluetoothDevice device)
+            throws BluetoothGattException {
+        BluetoothGattServerConnection bluetoothLeConnection = mConnections.get(device);
+        if (bluetoothLeConnection == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothGattException(
+                    String.format("Received operation on an unknown device: %s", device),
+                    BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE);
+        }
+        return bluetoothLeConnection;
+    }
+
+    public void sendNotification(
+            BluetoothDevice device,
+            BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
+            byte[] data,
+            boolean confirm)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        Log.d(TAG, String.format("Sending a %s of %d bytes on characteristics %s on device %s.",
+                confirm ? "indication" : "notification",
+                data.length,
+                characteristic.getUuid(),
+                device));
+        synchronized (mOperationLock) {
+            BluetoothGattServer bluetoothGattServer = mBluetoothGattServer;
+            if (bluetoothGattServer == null) {
+                throw new BluetoothException("Server is not open.");
+            }
+            BluetoothGattCharacteristic clonedCharacteristic =
+                    BluetoothGattUtils.clone(characteristic);
+            clonedCharacteristic.setValue(data);
+            bluetoothGattServer.notifyCharacteristicChanged(device, clonedCharacteristic, confirm);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void closeConnection(final BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice) throws BluetoothException {
+        final BluetoothGattServer bluetoothGattServer = mBluetoothGattServer;
+        if (bluetoothGattServer == null) {
+            throw new BluetoothException("Server is not open.");
+        }
+        int connectionSate =
+                mBluetoothManager.getConnectionState(bluetoothDevice, BluetoothProfile.GATT);
+        if (connectionSate != BluetoothGatt.STATE_CONNECTED) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mBluetoothOperationScheduler.execute(
+                new Operation<Void>(OperationType.CLOSE_CONNECTION) {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                        bluetoothGattServer.cancelConnection(bluetoothDevice);
+                    }
+                },
+                OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
+    }
+
+    private class GattServerCallback extends BluetoothGattServerCallback {
+        @Override
+        public void onServiceAdded(int status, BluetoothGattService service) {
+            mBluetoothOperationScheduler.notifyCompletion(
+                    new Operation<Void>(OperationType.ADD_SERVICE, service), status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int status, int newState) {
+            BluetoothGattServerConfig serverConfig = mServerConfig;
+            BluetoothGattServer bluetoothGattServer = mBluetoothGattServer;
+            BluetoothGattServerConnection bluetoothLeConnection;
+            if (serverConfig == null || bluetoothGattServer == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            switch (newState) {
+                case BluetoothGattServer.STATE_CONNECTED:
+                    if (status != BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
+                        Log.e(TAG, String.format("Connection to %s failed: %s", device,
+                                BluetoothGattUtils.getMessageForStatusCode(status)));
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    Log.i(TAG, String.format("Connected to device %s.", device));
+                    if (mConnections.containsKey(device)) {
+                        Log.w(TAG, String.format("A connection is already open with device %s. "
+                                + "Keeping existing one.", device));
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    BluetoothGattServerConnection connection = new BluetoothGattServerConnection(
+                            BluetoothGattServerHelper.this,
+                            device,
+                            serverConfig);
+                    if (serverConfig.getServerListener() != null) {
+                        serverConfig.getServerListener().onConnection(connection);
+                    }
+                    mConnections.put(device, connection);
+
+                    // By default, Android disconnects active GATT server connection if the
+                    // advertisement is
+                    // stop (or sometime stopScanning also disconnect, see b/62667394). Asking
+                    // the server to
+                    // reverse connect will tell Android to keep the connection open.
+                    // Code handling connect() on Android OS is: btif_gatt_server.c
+                    // Note: for Android < P, unknown type devices don't connect. See b/62827460.
+                    //       for Android P+, unknown type devices always use LE to connect (see
+                    //       code)
+                    // Note: for Android < N, dual mode devices always connect using BT classic,
+                    // so connect()
+                    //       should *NOT* be called for those devices. See b/29819614.
+                    if (mVersionProvider.getSdkInt() >= VERSION_CODES.N
+                            || device.getType() != BluetoothDevice.DEVICE_TYPE_DUAL) {
+                        boolean success = bluetoothGattServer.connect(device, /* autoConnect */
+                                false);
+                        if (!success) {
+                            Log.w(TAG, String.format(
+                                    "Keeping connection open on stop advertising failed for "
+                                            + "device %s.",
+                                    device));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case BluetoothGattServer.STATE_DISCONNECTED:
+                    if (status != BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
+                        Log.w(TAG, String.format(
+                                "Disconnection from %s error: %s. Proceeding anyway.",
+                                device, BluetoothGattUtils.getMessageForStatusCode(status)));
+                    }
+                    bluetoothLeConnection = mConnections.remove(device);
+                    if (bluetoothLeConnection != null) {
+                        // Disconnect the server, required after connecting to it.
+                        bluetoothGattServer.cancelConnection(device);
+                        bluetoothLeConnection.onClose();
+                    }
+                    mBluetoothOperationScheduler.notifyCompletion(
+                            new Operation<Void>(OperationType.CLOSE_CONNECTION), status);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    Log.e(TAG, String.format("Unexpected connection state: %d", newState));
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset,
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
+            BluetoothGattServer bluetoothGattServer = mBluetoothGattServer;
+            if (bluetoothGattServer == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            try {
+                byte[] value =
+                        getConnectionByDevice(device).readCharacteristic(offset, characteristic);
+                bluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,
+                        offset,
+                        value);
+            } catch (BluetoothGattException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG,
+                        String.format(
+                                "Could not read  %s on device %s at offset %d",
+                                BluetoothGattUtils.toString(characteristic),
+                                device,
+                                offset),
+                        e);
+                bluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(
+                        device, requestId, e.getGattErrorCode(), offset, null);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device,
+                int requestId,
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic,
+                boolean preparedWrite,
+                boolean responseNeeded,
+                int offset,
+                byte[] value) {
+            BluetoothGattServer bluetoothGattServer = mBluetoothGattServer;
+            if (bluetoothGattServer == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            try {
+                getConnectionByDevice(device).writeCharacteristic(characteristic,
+                        preparedWrite,
+                        offset,
+                        value);
+                if (responseNeeded) {
+                    bluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(
+                            device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset, null);
+                }
+            } catch (BluetoothGattException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG,
+                        String.format(
+                                "Could not write %s on device %s at offset %d",
+                                BluetoothGattUtils.toString(characteristic),
+                                device,
+                                offset),
+                        e);
+                bluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(
+                        device, requestId, e.getGattErrorCode(), offset, null);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset,
+                BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) {
+            BluetoothGattServer bluetoothGattServer = mBluetoothGattServer;
+            if (bluetoothGattServer == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            try {
+                byte[] value = getConnectionByDevice(device).readDescriptor(offset, descriptor);
+                bluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(
+                        device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset, value);
+            } catch (BluetoothGattException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, String.format(
+                                "Could not read %s on device %s at %d",
+                                BluetoothGattUtils.toString(descriptor),
+                                device,
+                                offset),
+                        e);
+                bluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(
+                        device, requestId, e.getGattErrorCode(), offset, null);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device,
+                int requestId,
+                BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor,
+                boolean preparedWrite,
+                boolean responseNeeded,
+                int offset,
+                byte[] value) {
+            BluetoothGattServer bluetoothGattServer = mBluetoothGattServer;
+            if (bluetoothGattServer == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            try {
+                getConnectionByDevice(device)
+                        .writeDescriptor(descriptor, preparedWrite, offset, value);
+                if (responseNeeded) {
+                    bluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(
+                            device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset, null);
+                }
+                Log.d(TAG, "Operation onDescriptorWriteRequest successful.");
+            } catch (BluetoothGattException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG,
+                        String.format(
+                                "Could not write %s on device %s at %d",
+                                BluetoothGattUtils.toString(descriptor),
+                                device,
+                                offset),
+                        e);
+                bluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(
+                        device, requestId, e.getGattErrorCode(), offset, null);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onExecuteWrite(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, boolean execute) {
+            BluetoothGattServer bluetoothGattServer = mBluetoothGattServer;
+            if (bluetoothGattServer == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            try {
+                getConnectionByDevice(device).executeWrite(execute);
+                bluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(
+                        device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, 0, null);
+            } catch (BluetoothGattException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Could not execute write.", e);
+                bluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, e.getGattErrorCode(), 0, null);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onNotificationSent(BluetoothDevice device, int status) {
+            Log.d(TAG,
+                    String.format("Received onNotificationSent for device %s with status %s",
+                            device, status));
+            try {
+                getConnectionByDevice(device).notifyNotificationSent(status);
+            } catch (BluetoothGattException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "An error occurred when receiving onNotificationSent: " + e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Listener for {@link BluetoothGattServerHelper}'s events. */
+    public interface Listener {
+        /** Called when a new connection to the server is established. */
+        void onConnection(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServlet.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServlet.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e25e223
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServlet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerConnection.Notifier;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+
+/** Servlet to handle GATT operations on a characteristic. */
+@TargetApi(18)
+public abstract class BluetoothGattServlet {
+    public byte[] read(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection,
+            @SuppressWarnings("unused") int offset) throws BluetoothGattException {
+        throw new BluetoothGattException("Read not supported.",
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+    }
+
+    public void write(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection,
+            @SuppressWarnings("unused") int offset, @SuppressWarnings("unused") byte[] value)
+            throws BluetoothGattException {
+        throw new BluetoothGattException("Write not supported.",
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+    }
+
+    public byte[] readDescriptor(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection,
+            BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, @SuppressWarnings("unused") int offset)
+            throws BluetoothGattException {
+        throw new BluetoothGattException("Read not supported.",
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+    }
+
+    public void writeDescriptor(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection,
+            BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor,
+            @SuppressWarnings("unused") int offset, @SuppressWarnings("unused") byte[] value)
+            throws BluetoothGattException {
+        throw new BluetoothGattException("Write not supported.",
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+    }
+
+    public void enableNotification(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, Notifier notifier)
+            throws BluetoothGattException {
+        throw new BluetoothGattException("Notification not supported.",
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+    }
+
+    public void disableNotification(BluetoothGattServerConnection connection, Notifier notifier)
+            throws BluetoothGattException {
+        throw new BluetoothGattException("Notification not supported.",
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+    }
+
+    public abstract BluetoothGattCharacteristic getCharacteristic();
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattUtils.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ac26ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothGattUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Utils for Gatt profile.
+ */
+public class BluetoothGattUtils {
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a string message for a BluetoothGatt status codes.
+     */
+    public static String getMessageForStatusCode(int statusCode) {
+        switch (statusCode) {
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS:
+                return "GATT_SUCCESS";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE:
+                return "GATT_FAILURE";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHENTICATION:
+                return "GATT_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHENTICATION";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHORIZATION:
+                return "GATT_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHORIZATION";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_INSUFFICIENT_ENCRYPTION:
+                return "GATT_INSUFFICIENT_ENCRYPTION";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_INVALID_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH:
+                return "GATT_INVALID_ATTRIBUTE_LENGTH";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_INVALID_OFFSET:
+                return "GATT_INVALID_OFFSET";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_READ_NOT_PERMITTED:
+                return "GATT_READ_NOT_PERMITTED";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED:
+                return "GATT_REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_WRITE_NOT_PERMITTED:
+                return "GATT_WRITE_NOT_PERMITTED";
+            case BluetoothGatt.GATT_CONNECTION_CONGESTED:
+                return "GATT_CONNECTION_CONGESTED";
+            default:
+                return "Unknown error code";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Clones a {@link BluetoothGattCharacteristic} so the value can be changed thread-safely. */
+    public static BluetoothGattCharacteristic clone(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic)
+            throws BluetoothException {
+        BluetoothGattCharacteristic result = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                characteristic.getUuid(),
+                characteristic.getProperties(), characteristic.getPermissions());
+        try {
+            Field instanceIdField = BluetoothGattCharacteristic.class.getDeclaredField("mInstance");
+            Field serviceField = BluetoothGattCharacteristic.class.getDeclaredField("mService");
+            Field descriptorField = BluetoothGattCharacteristic.class.getDeclaredField(
+                    "mDescriptors");
+            instanceIdField.setAccessible(true);
+            serviceField.setAccessible(true);
+            descriptorField.setAccessible(true);
+            instanceIdField.set(result, instanceIdField.get(characteristic));
+            serviceField.set(result, serviceField.get(characteristic));
+            descriptorField.set(result, descriptorField.get(characteristic));
+            byte[] value = characteristic.getValue();
+            if (value != null) {
+                result.setValue(Arrays.copyOf(value, value.length));
+            }
+            result.setWriteType(characteristic.getWriteType());
+        } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
+            throw new BluetoothException("Cannot clone characteristic.", e);
+        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+            throw new BluetoothException("Cannot clone characteristic.", e);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            throw new BluetoothException("Cannot clone characteristic.", e);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a user-readable string from a {@link BluetoothGattDescriptor}. */
+    public static String toString(@Nullable BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) {
+        if (descriptor == null) {
+            return "null descriptor";
+        }
+        return String.format("descriptor %s on %s",
+                descriptor.getUuid(),
+                toString(descriptor.getCharacteristic()));
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a user-readable string from a {@link BluetoothGattCharacteristic}. */
+    public static String toString(@Nullable BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
+        if (characteristic == null) {
+            return "null characteristic";
+        }
+        return String.format("characteristic %s on %s",
+                characteristic.getUuid(),
+                toString(characteristic.getService()));
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a user-readable string from a {@link BluetoothGattService}. */
+    public static String toString(@Nullable BluetoothGattService service) {
+        if (service == null) {
+            return "null service";
+        }
+        return String.format("service %s", service.getUuid());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothManager.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf241f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/BluetoothManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Mockable wrapper of {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager}.
+ */
+public class BluetoothManager {
+
+    private android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager mWrappedInstance;
+
+    private BluetoothManager(android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager instance) {
+        mWrappedInstance = instance;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager#openGattServer(Context,
+     * android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback)}.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public BluetoothGattServer openGattServer(Context context,
+            BluetoothGattServerCallback callback) {
+        return BluetoothGattServer.wrap(
+                mWrappedInstance.openGattServer(context, callback.unwrap()));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager#getConnectionState(
+     *android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice, int)}.
+     */
+    public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device, int profile) {
+        return mWrappedInstance.getConnectionState(device.unwrap(), profile);
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager#getConnectedDevices(int)}. */
+    public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices(int profile) {
+        List<android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice> devices = mWrappedInstance.getConnectedDevices(
+                profile);
+        List<BluetoothDevice> wrappedDevices = new ArrayList<>(devices.size());
+        for (android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice device : devices) {
+            wrappedDevices.add(BluetoothDevice.wrap(device));
+        }
+        return wrappedDevices;
+    }
+
+    /** See {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager#getAdapter()}. */
+    public BluetoothAdapter getAdapter() {
+        return BluetoothAdapter.wrap(mWrappedInstance.getAdapter());
+    }
+
+    public static BluetoothManager wrap(android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager bluetoothManager) {
+        return new BluetoothManager(bluetoothManager);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/RfcommServer.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/RfcommServer.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ed95ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/bluetooth/RfcommServer.java
@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth;
+
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.RfcommServer.State.ACCEPTING;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.RfcommServer.State.CONNECTED;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.RfcommServer.State.RESTARTING;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.RfcommServer.State.STARTING;
+import static android.nearby.fastpair.provider.bluetooth.RfcommServer.State.STOPPED;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.EventStreamProtocol;
+import android.nearby.fastpair.provider.utils.Logger;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.io.DataInputStream;
+import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+
+/**
+ * Listens for a rfcomm client to connect and supports both sending messages to the client and
+ * receiving messages from the client.
+ */
+public class RfcommServer {
+    private static final String TAG = "RfcommServer";
+    private final Logger mLogger = new Logger(TAG);
+
+    private static final String FAST_PAIR_RFCOMM_SERVICE_NAME = "FastPairServer";
+    public static final UUID FAST_PAIR_RFCOMM_UUID =
+            UUID.fromString("df21fe2c-2515-4fdb-8886-f12c4d67927c");
+
+    /** A single thread executor where all state checks are performed. */
+    private final ExecutorService mControllerExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+
+    private final ExecutorService mSendMessageExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+    private final ExecutorService mReceiveMessageExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+
+    @Nullable
+    private BluetoothServerSocket mServerSocket;
+    @Nullable
+    private BluetoothSocket mSocket;
+
+    private State mState = STOPPED;
+    private boolean mIsStopRequested = false;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private RequestHandler mRequestHandler;
+
+    @Nullable
+    private CountDownLatch mCountDownLatch;
+    @Nullable
+    private StateMonitor mStateMonitor;
+
+    /**
+     * Manages RfcommServer status.
+     *
+     * <pre>{@code
+     *      +------------------------------------------------+
+     *      +-------------------------------+                |
+     *      v                               |                |
+     * +---------+    +----------+    +-----+-----+    +-----+-----+
+     * | STOPPED +--> | STARTING +--> | ACCEPTING +--> | CONNECTED |
+     * +---------+    +-----+----+    +-------+---+    +-----+-----+
+     *      ^               |             ^   v              |
+     *      +---------------+         +---+--------+         |
+     *                                | RESTARTING | <-------+
+     *                                +------------+
+     * }</pre>
+     *
+     * If Stop action is not requested, the server will restart forever. Otherwise, go stopped.
+     */
+    public enum State {
+        STOPPED,
+        STARTING,
+        RESTARTING,
+        ACCEPTING,
+        CONNECTED,
+    }
+
+    /** Starts the rfcomm server. */
+    public void start() {
+        runInControllerExecutor(this::startServer);
+    }
+
+    private void startServer() {
+        log("Start RfcommServer");
+
+        if (!mState.equals(STOPPED)) {
+            log("Server is not stopped, skip start request.");
+            return;
+        }
+        updateState(STARTING);
+        mIsStopRequested = false;
+
+        startAccept();
+    }
+
+    private void restartServer() {
+        log("Restart RfcommServer");
+        updateState(RESTARTING);
+        startAccept();
+    }
+
+    private void startAccept() {
+        try {
+            // Gets server socket in controller thread for stop() API.
+            mServerSocket =
+                    BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+                            .listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(
+                                    FAST_PAIR_RFCOMM_SERVICE_NAME, FAST_PAIR_RFCOMM_UUID);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            log("Create service record failed, stop server");
+            stopServer();
+            return;
+        }
+
+        updateState(ACCEPTING);
+        new Thread(() -> accept(mServerSocket)).start();
+    }
+
+    private void accept(BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket) {
+        triggerCountdownLatch();
+
+        try {
+            BluetoothSocket socket = serverSocket.accept();
+            serverSocket.close();
+
+            runInControllerExecutor(() -> startListen(socket));
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            log("IOException when accepting new connection");
+            runInControllerExecutor(() -> handleAcceptException(serverSocket));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void handleAcceptException(BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket) {
+        if (mIsStopRequested) {
+            stopServer();
+        } else {
+            closeServerSocket(serverSocket);
+            restartServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void startListen(BluetoothSocket bluetoothSocket) {
+        if (mIsStopRequested) {
+            closeSocket(bluetoothSocket);
+            stopServer();
+            return;
+        }
+
+        updateState(CONNECTED);
+        // Sets method parameter to global socket for stop() API.
+        this.mSocket = bluetoothSocket;
+        new Thread(() -> listen(bluetoothSocket)).start();
+    }
+
+    private void listen(BluetoothSocket bluetoothSocket) {
+        triggerCountdownLatch();
+
+        try {
+            DataInputStream dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(bluetoothSocket.getInputStream());
+            while (true) {
+                int eventGroup = dataInputStream.readUnsignedByte();
+                int eventCode = dataInputStream.readUnsignedByte();
+                int additionalLength = dataInputStream.readUnsignedShort();
+
+                byte[] data = new byte[additionalLength];
+                if (additionalLength > 0) {
+                    int count = 0;
+                    do {
+                        count += dataInputStream.read(data, count, additionalLength - count);
+                    } while (count < additionalLength);
+                }
+
+                if (mRequestHandler != null) {
+                    // In order not to block listening thread, use different thread to dispatch
+                    // message.
+                    mReceiveMessageExecutor.execute(
+                            () -> {
+                                mRequestHandler.handleRequest(eventGroup, eventCode, data);
+                                triggerCountdownLatch();
+                            });
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            log(
+                    String.format(
+                            "IOException when listening to %s",
+                            bluetoothSocket.getRemoteDevice().getAddress()));
+            runInControllerExecutor(() -> handleListenException(bluetoothSocket));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void handleListenException(BluetoothSocket bluetoothSocket) {
+        if (mIsStopRequested) {
+            stopServer();
+        } else {
+            closeSocket(bluetoothSocket);
+            restartServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void sendFakeEventStreamMessage(EventStreamProtocol.EventGroup eventGroup) {
+        switch (eventGroup) {
+            case BLUETOOTH:
+                send(EventStreamProtocol.EventGroup.BLUETOOTH_VALUE,
+                        EventStreamProtocol.BluetoothEventCode.BLUETOOTH_ENABLE_SILENCE_MODE_VALUE,
+                        new byte[0]);
+                break;
+            case LOGGING:
+                send(EventStreamProtocol.EventGroup.LOGGING_VALUE,
+                        EventStreamProtocol.LoggingEventCode.LOG_FULL_VALUE,
+                        new byte[0]);
+                break;
+            case DEVICE:
+                send(EventStreamProtocol.EventGroup.DEVICE_VALUE,
+                        EventStreamProtocol.DeviceEventCode.DEVICE_BATTERY_INFO_VALUE,
+                        new byte[]{0x11, 0x12, 0x13});
+                break;
+            default: // fall out
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void sendFakeEventStreamLoggingMessage(@Nullable String logContent) {
+        send(EventStreamProtocol.EventGroup.LOGGING_VALUE,
+                EventStreamProtocol.LoggingEventCode.LOG_SAVE_TO_BUFFER_VALUE,
+                logContent != null ? logContent.getBytes(UTF_8) : new byte[0]);
+    }
+
+    public void send(int eventGroup, int eventCode, byte[] data) {
+        runInControllerExecutor(
+                () -> {
+                    if (!CONNECTED.equals(mState)) {
+                        log("Server is not in CONNECTED state, skip send request");
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    BluetoothSocket bluetoothSocket = this.mSocket;
+                    mSendMessageExecutor.execute(() -> {
+                        String address = bluetoothSocket.getRemoteDevice().getAddress();
+                        try {
+                            DataOutputStream dataOutputStream =
+                                    new DataOutputStream(bluetoothSocket.getOutputStream());
+                            dataOutputStream.writeByte(eventGroup);
+                            dataOutputStream.writeByte(eventCode);
+                            dataOutputStream.writeShort(data.length);
+                            if (data.length > 0) {
+                                dataOutputStream.write(data);
+                            }
+                            dataOutputStream.flush();
+                            log(
+                                    String.format(
+                                            "Send message to %s: %s, %s, %s.",
+                                            address, eventGroup, eventCode, data.length));
+                        } catch (IOException e) {
+                            log(
+                                    String.format(
+                                            "Failed to send message to %s: %s, %s, %s.",
+                                            address, eventGroup, eventCode, data.length),
+                                    e);
+                        }
+                    });
+                });
+    }
+
+    /** Stops the rfcomm server. */
+    public void stop() {
+        runInControllerExecutor(() -> {
+            log("Stop RfcommServer");
+
+            if (STOPPED.equals(mState)) {
+                log("Server is stopped, skip stop request.");
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (mIsStopRequested) {
+                log("Stop is already requested, skip stop request.");
+                return;
+            }
+            mIsStopRequested = true;
+
+            if (ACCEPTING.equals(mState)) {
+                closeServerSocket(mServerSocket);
+            }
+
+            if (CONNECTED.equals(mState)) {
+                closeSocket(mSocket);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private void stopServer() {
+        updateState(STOPPED);
+        triggerCountdownLatch();
+    }
+
+    private void updateState(State newState) {
+        log(String.format("Change state from %s to %s", mState, newState));
+        if (mStateMonitor != null) {
+            mStateMonitor.onStateChanged(newState);
+        }
+        mState = newState;
+    }
+
+    private void closeServerSocket(BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket) {
+        try {
+            if (serverSocket != null) {
+                log(String.format("Close server socket: %s", serverSocket));
+                serverSocket.close();
+            }
+        } catch (IOException | NullPointerException e) {
+            // NullPointerException is used to skip robolectric test failure.
+            // In unit test, different virtual devices are set up in different threads, calling
+            // ServerSocket.close() in wrong thread will result in NullPointerException since there
+            // is no corresponding service record.
+            // TODO(hylo): Remove NullPointerException when the solution is submitted to test cases.
+            log("Failed to stop server", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void closeSocket(BluetoothSocket socket) {
+        try {
+            if (socket != null && socket.isConnected()) {
+                log(String.format("Close socket: %s", socket.getRemoteDevice().getAddress()));
+                socket.close();
+            }
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            log(String.format("IOException when close socket %s",
+                    socket.getRemoteDevice().getAddress()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void runInControllerExecutor(Runnable runnable) {
+        mControllerExecutor.execute(runnable);
+    }
+
+    private void log(String message) {
+        mLogger.log("Server=%s, %s", FAST_PAIR_RFCOMM_SERVICE_NAME, message);
+    }
+
+    private void log(String message, Throwable e) {
+        mLogger.log(e, "Server=%s, %s", FAST_PAIR_RFCOMM_SERVICE_NAME, message);
+    }
+
+    private void triggerCountdownLatch() {
+        if (mCountDownLatch != null) {
+            mCountDownLatch.countDown();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Interface to handle incoming request from clients. */
+    public interface RequestHandler {
+        void handleRequest(int eventGroup, int eventCode, byte[] data);
+    }
+
+    public void setRequestHandler(@Nullable RequestHandler requestHandler) {
+        this.mRequestHandler = requestHandler;
+    }
+
+    /** A state monitor to send signal when state is changed. */
+    public interface StateMonitor {
+        void onStateChanged(State state);
+    }
+
+    public void setStateMonitor(@Nullable StateMonitor stateMonitor) {
+        this.mStateMonitor = stateMonitor;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void setCountDownLatch(@Nullable CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
+        this.mCountDownLatch = countDownLatch;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void setIsStopRequested(boolean isStopRequested) {
+        this.mIsStopRequested = isStopRequested;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void simulateAcceptIOException() {
+        runInControllerExecutor(() -> {
+            if (ACCEPTING.equals(mState)) {
+                closeServerSocket(mServerSocket);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void simulateListenIOException() {
+        runInControllerExecutor(() -> {
+            if (CONNECTED.equals(mState)) {
+                closeSocket(mSocket);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/crypto/Crypto.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/crypto/Crypto.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0aa4f6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/crypto/Crypto.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.crypto;
+
+import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
+import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState;
+
+import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+
+import javax.crypto.Cipher;
+import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
+
+/** Cryptography utilities for ephemeral IDs. */
+public final class Crypto {
+    private static final int AES_BLOCK_SIZE = 16;
+    private static final ImmutableSet<Integer> VALID_AES_KEY_SIZES = ImmutableSet.of(16, 24, 32);
+    private static final String AES_ECB_NOPADDING_ENCRYPTION_ALGO = "AES/ECB/NoPadding";
+    private static final String AES_ENCRYPTION_ALGO = "AES";
+
+    /** Encrypts the provided data with the provided key using the AES/ECB/NoPadding algorithm. */
+    public static ByteString aesEcbNoPaddingEncrypt(ByteString key, ByteString data) {
+        return aesEcbOperation(key, data, Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE);
+    }
+
+    /** Decrypts the provided data with the provided key using the AES/ECB/NoPadding algorithm. */
+    public static ByteString aesEcbNoPaddingDecrypt(ByteString key, ByteString data) {
+        return aesEcbOperation(key, data, Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressLint("GetInstance")
+    private static ByteString aesEcbOperation(ByteString key, ByteString data, int operation) {
+        checkArgument(VALID_AES_KEY_SIZES.contains(key.size()));
+        checkArgument(data.size() % AES_BLOCK_SIZE == 0);
+        try {
+            Cipher aesCipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES_ECB_NOPADDING_ENCRYPTION_ALGO);
+            SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.toByteArray(), AES_ENCRYPTION_ALGO);
+            aesCipher.init(operation, secretKeySpec);
+            ByteBuffer output = ByteBuffer.allocate(data.size());
+            checkState(aesCipher.doFinal(data.asReadOnlyByteBuffer(), output) == data.size());
+            output.rewind();
+            return ByteString.copyFrom(output);
+        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
+            // Should never happen.
+            throw new AssertionError(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Crypto() {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/crypto/E2eeCalculator.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/crypto/E2eeCalculator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..794c19d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/crypto/E2eeCalculator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.crypto;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.base.Verify;
+import com.google.common.primitives.Bytes;
+import com.google.common.primitives.Ints;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.security.spec.ECFieldFp;
+import java.security.spec.ECParameterSpec;
+import java.security.spec.ECPoint;
+import java.security.spec.EllipticCurve;
+import java.util.Collections;
+
+/** Provides methods for calculating E2EE EIDs and E2E encryption/decryption based on E2EE EIDs. */
+public final class E2eeCalculator {
+
+    private static final byte[] TEMP_KEY_PADDING_1 =
+            Bytes.toArray(Collections.nCopies(11, (byte) 0xFF));
+    private static final byte[] TEMP_KEY_PADDING_2 = new byte[11];
+    private static final ECParameterSpec CURVE_SPEC = getCurveSpec();
+    private static final BigInteger P = ((ECFieldFp) CURVE_SPEC.getCurve().getField()).getP();
+    private static final BigInteger TWO = new BigInteger("2");
+    private static final BigInteger THREE = new BigInteger("3");
+    private static final int E2EE_EID_IDENTITY_KEY_SIZE = 32;
+    private static final int E2EE_EID_SIZE = 20;
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the E2EE EID value for the given device clock based time. Note that Eddystone
+     * beacons start advertising the new EID at a random time within the window, therefore the
+     * currently advertised EID for beacon time <em>t</em> may be either
+     * {@code computeE2eeEid(eik, k, t)} or {@code computeE2eeEid(eik, k, t - (1 << k))}.
+     *
+     * <p>The E2EE EID computation is based on https://goto.google.com/e2ee-eid-computation.
+     *
+     * @param identityKey        the beacon's 32-byte Eddystone E2EE identity key
+     * @param exponent           rotation period exponent as configured on the beacon, must be in
+     *                           range the [0,15]
+     * @param deviceClockSeconds the value of the beacon's 32-bit seconds time counter (treated as
+     *                           an unsigned value)
+     * @return E2EE EID value.
+     */
+    public static ByteString computeE2eeEid(
+            ByteString identityKey, int exponent, int deviceClockSeconds) {
+        return computePublicKey(computePrivateKey(identityKey, exponent, deviceClockSeconds));
+    }
+
+    private static ByteString computePublicKey(BigInteger privateKey) {
+        return getXCoordinateBytes(toPoint(privateKey));
+    }
+
+    private static BigInteger computePrivateKey(
+            ByteString identityKey, int exponent, int deviceClockSeconds) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                Preconditions.checkNotNull(identityKey).size() == E2EE_EID_IDENTITY_KEY_SIZE);
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(exponent >= 0 && exponent < 16);
+
+        byte[] exponentByte = new byte[]{(byte) exponent};
+        byte[] paddedCounter = Ints.toByteArray((deviceClockSeconds >>> exponent) << exponent);
+        byte[] data =
+                Bytes.concat(
+                        TEMP_KEY_PADDING_1,
+                        exponentByte,
+                        paddedCounter,
+                        TEMP_KEY_PADDING_2,
+                        exponentByte,
+                        paddedCounter);
+
+        byte[] rTag =
+                Crypto.aesEcbNoPaddingEncrypt(identityKey, ByteString.copyFrom(data)).toByteArray();
+        return new BigInteger(1, rTag).mod(CURVE_SPEC.getOrder());
+    }
+
+    private static ECPoint toPoint(BigInteger privateKey) {
+        return multiplyPoint(CURVE_SPEC.getGenerator(), privateKey);
+    }
+
+    private static ByteString getXCoordinateBytes(ECPoint point) {
+        byte[] unalignedBytes = point.getAffineX().toByteArray();
+
+        // The unalignedBytes may have length < 32 if the leading E2EE EID bytes are zero, or
+        // it may be E2EE_EID_SIZE + 1 if the leading bit is 1, in which case the first byte is
+        // always zero.
+        Verify.verify(
+                unalignedBytes.length <= E2EE_EID_SIZE
+                        || (unalignedBytes.length == E2EE_EID_SIZE + 1 && unalignedBytes[0] == 0));
+
+        byte[] bytes;
+        if (unalignedBytes.length < E2EE_EID_SIZE) {
+            bytes = new byte[E2EE_EID_SIZE];
+            System.arraycopy(
+                    unalignedBytes, 0, bytes, bytes.length - unalignedBytes.length,
+                    unalignedBytes.length);
+        } else if (unalignedBytes.length == E2EE_EID_SIZE + 1) {
+            bytes = new byte[E2EE_EID_SIZE];
+            System.arraycopy(unalignedBytes, 1, bytes, 0, E2EE_EID_SIZE);
+        } else { // unalignedBytes.length ==  GattE2EE_EID_SIZE
+            bytes = unalignedBytes;
+        }
+        return ByteString.copyFrom(bytes);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns a secp160r1 curve spec. */
+    private static ECParameterSpec getCurveSpec() {
+        final BigInteger p = new BigInteger("ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff7fffffff", 16);
+        final BigInteger n = new BigInteger("0100000000000000000001f4c8f927aed3ca752257", 16);
+        final BigInteger a = new BigInteger("ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff7ffffffc", 16);
+        final BigInteger b = new BigInteger("1c97befc54bd7a8b65acf89f81d4d4adc565fa45", 16);
+        final BigInteger gx = new BigInteger("4a96b5688ef573284664698968c38bb913cbfc82", 16);
+        final BigInteger gy = new BigInteger("23a628553168947d59dcc912042351377ac5fb32", 16);
+        final int h = 1;
+        ECFieldFp fp = new ECFieldFp(p);
+        EllipticCurve spec = new EllipticCurve(fp, a, b);
+        ECPoint g = new ECPoint(gx, gy);
+        return new ECParameterSpec(spec, g, n, h);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the scalar multiplication result of k*p in Fp. */
+    private static ECPoint multiplyPoint(ECPoint p, BigInteger k) {
+        ECPoint r = ECPoint.POINT_INFINITY;
+        ECPoint s = p;
+        BigInteger kModP = k.mod(P);
+        int length = kModP.bitLength();
+        for (int i = 0; i <= length - 1; i++) {
+            if (kModP.mod(TWO).byteValue() == 1) {
+                r = addPoint(r, s);
+            }
+            s = doublePoint(s);
+            kModP = kModP.divide(TWO);
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the point addition r+s in Fp. */
+    private static ECPoint addPoint(ECPoint r, ECPoint s) {
+        if (r.equals(s)) {
+            return doublePoint(r);
+        } else if (r.equals(ECPoint.POINT_INFINITY)) {
+            return s;
+        } else if (s.equals(ECPoint.POINT_INFINITY)) {
+            return r;
+        }
+        BigInteger slope =
+                r.getAffineY()
+                        .subtract(s.getAffineY())
+                        .multiply(r.getAffineX().subtract(s.getAffineX()).modInverse(P))
+                        .mod(P);
+        BigInteger x =
+                slope.modPow(TWO, P).subtract(r.getAffineX()).subtract(s.getAffineX()).mod(P);
+        BigInteger y = s.getAffineY().negate().mod(P);
+        y = y.add(slope.multiply(s.getAffineX().subtract(x))).mod(P);
+        return new ECPoint(x, y);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the point doubling 2*r in Fp. */
+    private static ECPoint doublePoint(ECPoint r) {
+        if (r.equals(ECPoint.POINT_INFINITY)) {
+            return r;
+        }
+        BigInteger slope = r.getAffineX().pow(2).multiply(THREE);
+        slope = slope.add(CURVE_SPEC.getCurve().getA());
+        slope = slope.multiply(r.getAffineY().multiply(TWO).modInverse(P));
+        BigInteger x = slope.pow(2).subtract(r.getAffineX().multiply(TWO)).mod(P);
+        BigInteger y =
+                r.getAffineY().negate().add(slope.multiply(r.getAffineX().subtract(x))).mod(P);
+        return new ECPoint(x, y);
+    }
+
+    private E2eeCalculator() {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/utils/Logger.java b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/utils/Logger.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..794f100
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/fastpair_provider/src/android/nearby/fastpair/provider/utils/Logger.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby.fastpair.provider.utils;
+
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.google.errorprone.annotations.FormatMethod;
+
+/**
+ * The base context for a logging statement.
+ */
+public class Logger {
+    private final String mString;
+
+    public Logger(String tag) {
+        this.mString = tag;
+    }
+
+    @FormatMethod
+    public void log(String message, Object... objects) {
+        log(null, message, objects);
+    }
+
+    /** Logs to the console. */
+    @FormatMethod
+    public void log(@Nullable Throwable exception, String message, Object... objects) {
+        if (exception == null) {
+            Log.i(mString, String.format(message, objects));
+        } else {
+            Log.w(mString, String.format(message, objects));
+            Log.w(mString, String.format("Cause: %s", exception));
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..697c88d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_library {
+    name: "MoblySnippetHelperLib",
+    srcs: ["src/**/*.kt"],
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    static_libs: ["mobly-snippet-lib",],
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4858f46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    package="com.google.android.mobly.snippet.util">
+
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/src/com/google/android/mobly/snippet/util/SnippetEventHelper.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/src/com/google/android/mobly/snippet/util/SnippetEventHelper.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0dbcb57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/src/com/google/android/mobly/snippet/util/SnippetEventHelper.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.google.android.mobly.snippet.util
+
+import android.os.Bundle
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.event.EventCache
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.event.SnippetEvent
+
+/**
+ * Posts an {@link SnippetEvent} to the event cache with data bundle [fill] by the given function.
+ *
+ * This is a helper function to make your client side codes more concise. Sample usage:
+ * ```
+ *   postSnippetEvent(callbackId, "onReceiverFound") {
+ *     putLong("discoveryTimeMs", discoveryTimeMs)
+ *     putBoolean("isKnown", isKnown)
+ *   }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param callbackId the callbackId passed to the {@link
+ * com.google.android.mobly.snippet.rpc.AsyncRpc} method.
+ * @param eventName the name of the event.
+ * @param fill the function to fill the data bundle.
+ */
+fun postSnippetEvent(callbackId: String, eventName: String, fill: Bundle.() -> Unit) {
+  val eventData = Bundle().apply(fill)
+  val snippetEvent = SnippetEvent(callbackId, eventName).apply { data.putAll(eventData) }
+  EventCache.getInstance().postEvent(snippetEvent)
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..284d5c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+// Run the tests: atest --host MoblySnippetHelperRoboTest
+android_robolectric_test {
+    name: "MoblySnippetHelperRoboTest",
+    srcs: ["src/**/*.kt"],
+    instrumentation_for: "NearbyMultiDevicesClientsSnippets",
+    java_resources: ["robolectric.properties"],
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "MoblySnippetHelperLib",
+        "androidx.test.ext.junit",
+        "androidx.test.rules",
+        "junit",
+        "mobly-snippet-lib",
+        "truth-prebuilt",
+    ],
+    test_options: {
+        // timeout in seconds.
+        timeout: 36000,
+    },
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1fef23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+          package="com.google.android.mobly.snippet.util"/>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/robolectric.properties b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/robolectric.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ea03bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/robolectric.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2022 Google Inc.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+sdk=NEWEST_SDK
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/src/com/google/android/mobly/snippet/util/SnippetEventHelperTest.kt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/src/com/google/android/mobly/snippet/util/SnippetEventHelperTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..641ab82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/clients/test_support/snippet_helper/tests/src/com/google/android/mobly/snippet/util/SnippetEventHelperTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.google.android.mobly.snippet.util
+
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.event.EventSnippet
+import com.google.android.mobly.snippet.util.Log
+import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
+import org.json.JSONObject
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner
+
+/** Robolectric tests for SnippetEventHelper.kt. */
+@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner::class)
+class SnippetEventHelperTest {
+
+  @Test
+  fun testPostSnippetEvent_withDataBundle_writesEventCache() {
+    val testCallbackId = "test_1234"
+    val testEventName = "onTestEvent"
+    val testBundleDataStrKey = "testStrKey"
+    val testBundleDataStrValue = "testStrValue"
+    val testBundleDataIntKey = "testIntKey"
+    val testBundleDataIntValue = 777
+    val eventSnippet = EventSnippet()
+    Log.initLogTag(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().context)
+
+    postSnippetEvent(testCallbackId, testEventName) {
+      putString(testBundleDataStrKey, testBundleDataStrValue)
+      putInt(testBundleDataIntKey, testBundleDataIntValue)
+    }
+
+    val event = eventSnippet.eventWaitAndGet(testCallbackId, testEventName, null)
+    assertThat(event.getJSONObject("data").toString())
+      .isEqualTo(
+        JSONObject()
+          .put(testBundleDataIntKey, testBundleDataIntValue)
+          .put(testBundleDataStrKey, testBundleDataStrValue)
+          .toString()
+      )
+  }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b81032d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+// Run the tests: atest -v NearbyMultiDevicesTestSuite
+// Check go/run-nearby-mainline-e2e for more details.
+python_test_host {
+    name: "NearbyMultiDevicesTestSuite",
+    main: "suite_main.py",
+    srcs: ["*.py"],
+    libs: ["NearbyMultiDevicesHostHelper"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "mts-tethering",
+    ],
+    test_options: {
+        unit_test: false,
+    },
+    data: [
+        // Package the snippet with the Mobly test.
+        ":NearbyMultiDevicesClientsSnippets",
+        // Package the data provider with the Mobly test.
+        ":NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider",
+        // Package the JSON metadata with the Mobly test.
+        "test_data/**/*",
+    ],
+}
+
+python_library_host {
+    name: "NearbyMultiDevicesHostHelper",
+    srcs: ["test_helper/*.py"],
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/AndroidTest.xml b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c1f6a70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Config for CTS Nearby Mainline multi devices end-to-end test suite">
+    <!-- Only run tests if the device under test is SDK version 33 (Android 13) or above. -->
+    <object type="module_controller"
+            class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.suite.module.Sdk33ModuleController" />
+    <!-- Only run NearbyMultiDevicesTestSuite in MTS if the Nearby Mainline module is installed. -->
+    <object type="module_controller"
+            class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.suite.module.MainlineTestModuleController">
+        <option name="mainline-module-package-name" value="com.google.android.tethering" />
+    </object>
+
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-tag" value="NearbyMultiDevicesTestSuite" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="component" value="wifi" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="not_instant_app" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="not_multi_abi" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="not_secondary_user" />
+
+    <device name="device1">
+        <!-- For coverage to work, the APK should not be uninstalled until after coverage is pulled.
+             So it's a lot easier to install APKs outside the python code.
+        -->
+        <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer" />
+        <target_preparer class="com.android.compatibility.common.tradefed.targetprep.FilePusher">
+            <option name="remount-system" value="true" />
+            <option name="push" value="NearbyMultiDevicesClientsSnippets.apk->/system/app/NearbyMultiDevicesClientsSnippets/NearbyMultiDevicesClientsSnippets.apk" />
+            <option name="push" value="NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider.apk->/system/app/NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider/NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider.apk" />
+        </target_preparer>
+        <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RebootTargetPreparer" />
+        <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+            <option name="run-command" value="input keyevent KEYCODE_WAKEUP" />
+            <option name="run-command" value="wm dismiss-keyguard" />
+        </target_preparer>
+        <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PythonVirtualenvPreparer">
+          <!-- Any python dependencies can be specified and will be installed with pip -->
+          <!-- TODO(b/225958696): Import python dependencies -->
+          <option name="dep-module" value="mobly" />
+        </target_preparer>
+        <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.DeviceSetup">
+            <option name="force-skip-system-props" value="true" /> <!-- avoid restarting device -->
+            <option name="screen-always-on" value="on" />
+            <!-- List permissions requested by the APK: aapt d permissions <PATH_TO_YOUR_APK> -->
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.INTERNET" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.REORDER_TASKS" />
+        </target_preparer>
+    </device>
+    <device name="device2">
+        <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer" />
+        <target_preparer class="com.android.compatibility.common.tradefed.targetprep.FilePusher">
+            <option name="remount-system" value="true" />
+            <option name="push" value="NearbyMultiDevicesClientsSnippets.apk->/system/app/NearbyMultiDevicesClientsSnippets/NearbyMultiDevicesClientsSnippets.apk" />
+            <option name="push" value="NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider.apk->/system/app/NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider/NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider.apk" />
+        </target_preparer>
+        <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RebootTargetPreparer" />
+        <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+            <option name="run-command" value="input keyevent KEYCODE_WAKEUP" />
+            <option name="run-command" value="wm dismiss-keyguard" />
+        </target_preparer>
+        <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.DeviceSetup">
+            <option name="force-skip-system-props" value="true" /> <!-- avoid restarting device -->
+            <option name="screen-always-on" value="on" />
+            <!-- List permissions requested by the APK: aapt d permissions <PATH_TO_YOUR_APK> -->
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.INTERNET" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS" />
+            <option
+                name="run-command"
+                value="pm grant android.nearby.multidevices android.permission.REORDER_TASKS" />
+        </target_preparer>
+    </device>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.mobly.MoblyBinaryHostTest">
+      <!-- The mobly-par-file-name should match the module name -->
+      <option name="mobly-par-file-name" value="NearbyMultiDevicesTestSuite" />
+      <!-- Timeout limit in milliseconds for all test cases of the python binary -->
+      <option name="mobly-test-timeout" value="60000" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
+
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/initial_pairing_test.py b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/initial_pairing_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a49045
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/initial_pairing_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+
+"""CTS-V Nearby Mainline Fast Pair end-to-end test case: initial pairing test."""
+
+from test_helper import constants
+from test_helper import fast_pair_base_test
+
+# The model ID to simulate on provider side.
+PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_MODEL_ID = constants.DEFAULT_MODEL_ID
+# The public key to simulate as registered headsets.
+PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY = constants.DEFAULT_ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY
+# The anti-spoof key device metadata JSON file for data provider at seeker side.
+PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_KDM_JSON_FILE = constants.DEFAULT_KDM_JSON_FILE
+
+# Time in seconds for events waiting.
+SETUP_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.SETUP_TIMEOUT_SEC
+BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC
+START_ADVERTISING_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.START_ADVERTISING_TIMEOUT_SEC
+HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_SEC
+MANAGE_ACCOUNT_DEVICE_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.AVERAGE_PAIRING_TIMEOUT_SEC * 2
+
+
+class InitialPairingTest(fast_pair_base_test.FastPairBaseTest):
+    """Fast Pair initial pairing test."""
+
+    def setup_test(self) -> None:
+        super().setup_test()
+        self._provider.start_model_id_advertising(PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_MODEL_ID,
+                                                  PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY)
+        self._provider.wait_for_discoverable_mode(BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC)
+        self._provider.wait_for_advertising_start(START_ADVERTISING_TIMEOUT_SEC)
+        self._seeker.put_anti_spoof_key_device_metadata(PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_MODEL_ID,
+                                                        PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_KDM_JSON_FILE)
+        self._seeker.set_fast_pair_scan_enabled(True)
+
+    # TODO(b/214015364): Remove Bluetooth bound on both sides ("Forget device").
+    def teardown_test(self) -> None:
+        self._seeker.set_fast_pair_scan_enabled(False)
+        self._provider.teardown_provider_simulator()
+        self._seeker.dismiss_halfsheet()
+        super().teardown_test()
+
+    def test_seeker_initial_pair_provider(self) -> None:
+        self._seeker.wait_and_assert_halfsheet_showed(
+            timeout_seconds=HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_SEC,
+            expected_model_id=PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_MODEL_ID)
+        self._seeker.start_pairing()
+        self._seeker.wait_and_assert_account_device(
+            get_account_key_from_provider=self._provider.get_latest_received_account_key,
+            timeout_seconds=MANAGE_ACCOUNT_DEVICE_TIMEOUT_SEC)
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/seeker_discover_provider_test.py b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/seeker_discover_provider_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6356595
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/seeker_discover_provider_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+
+"""CTS-V Nearby Mainline Fast Pair end-to-end test case: seeker can discover the provider."""
+
+from test_helper import constants
+from test_helper import fast_pair_base_test
+
+# The model ID to simulate on provider side.
+PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_MODEL_ID = constants.DEFAULT_MODEL_ID
+# The public key to simulate as registered headsets.
+PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY = constants.DEFAULT_ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY
+
+# Time in seconds for events waiting.
+BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC
+START_ADVERTISING_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.START_ADVERTISING_TIMEOUT_SEC
+SCAN_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.SCAN_TIMEOUT_SEC
+
+
+class SeekerDiscoverProviderTest(fast_pair_base_test.FastPairBaseTest):
+    """Fast Pair seeker discover provider test."""
+
+    def setup_test(self) -> None:
+        super().setup_test()
+        self._provider.start_model_id_advertising(
+            PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_MODEL_ID, PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY)
+        self._provider.wait_for_discoverable_mode(BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC)
+        self._provider.wait_for_advertising_start(START_ADVERTISING_TIMEOUT_SEC)
+        self._seeker.start_scan()
+
+    def teardown_test(self) -> None:
+        self._seeker.stop_scan()
+        self._provider.teardown_provider_simulator()
+        super().teardown_test()
+
+    def test_seeker_start_scanning_find_provider(self) -> None:
+        provider_ble_mac_address = self._provider.get_ble_mac_address()
+        self._seeker.wait_and_assert_provider_found(
+            timeout_seconds=SCAN_TIMEOUT_SEC,
+            expected_model_id=PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_MODEL_ID,
+            expected_ble_mac_address=provider_ble_mac_address)
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/seeker_show_halfsheet_test.py b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/seeker_show_halfsheet_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f6561e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/seeker_show_halfsheet_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+
+"""CTS-V Nearby Mainline Fast Pair end-to-end test case: seeker show half sheet UI."""
+
+from test_helper import constants
+from test_helper import fast_pair_base_test
+
+# The model ID to simulate on provider side.
+PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_MODEL_ID = constants.DEFAULT_MODEL_ID
+# The public key to simulate as registered headsets.
+PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY = constants.DEFAULT_ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY
+# The anti-spoof key device metadata JSON file for data provider at seeker side.
+PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_KDM_JSON_FILE = constants.DEFAULT_KDM_JSON_FILE
+
+# Time in seconds for events waiting.
+SETUP_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.SETUP_TIMEOUT_SEC
+BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC
+START_ADVERTISING_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.START_ADVERTISING_TIMEOUT_SEC
+HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_SEC = constants.HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_SEC
+
+
+class SeekerShowHalfSheetTest(fast_pair_base_test.FastPairBaseTest):
+    """Fast Pair seeker show half sheet UI test."""
+
+    def setup_test(self) -> None:
+        super().setup_test()
+        self._provider.start_model_id_advertising(PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_MODEL_ID,
+                                                  PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY)
+        self._provider.wait_for_discoverable_mode(BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC)
+        self._provider.wait_for_advertising_start(START_ADVERTISING_TIMEOUT_SEC)
+        self._seeker.put_anti_spoof_key_device_metadata(PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_MODEL_ID,
+                                                        PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_KDM_JSON_FILE)
+        self._seeker.set_fast_pair_scan_enabled(True)
+
+    def teardown_test(self) -> None:
+        self._seeker.set_fast_pair_scan_enabled(False)
+        self._provider.teardown_provider_simulator()
+        self._seeker.dismiss_halfsheet()
+        super().teardown_test()
+
+    def test_seeker_show_half_sheet(self) -> None:
+        self._seeker.wait_and_assert_halfsheet_showed(
+            timeout_seconds=HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_SEC,
+            expected_model_id=PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_MODEL_ID)
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/suite_main.py b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/suite_main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f5d48c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/suite_main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+
+"""The entry point for Nearby Mainline multi devices end-to-end test suite."""
+
+import logging
+import sys
+
+from mobly import suite_runner
+
+import initial_pairing_test
+import seeker_discover_provider_test
+import seeker_show_halfsheet_test
+
+_BOOTSTRAP_LOGGING_FILENAME = '/tmp/nearby_multi_devices_test_suite_log.txt'
+_TEST_CLASSES_LIST = [
+    seeker_discover_provider_test.SeekerDiscoverProviderTest,
+    seeker_show_halfsheet_test.SeekerShowHalfSheetTest,
+    initial_pairing_test.InitialPairingTest,
+]
+
+
+def _valid_argument(arg: str) -> bool:
+    return arg.startswith(('--config', '-c', '--tests', '--test_case'))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    logging.basicConfig(filename=_BOOTSTRAP_LOGGING_FILENAME, level=logging.INFO)
+    suite_runner.run_suite(argv=[arg for arg in sys.argv if _valid_argument(arg)],
+                           test_classes=_TEST_CLASSES_LIST)
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/pixelbuds-a_account_devicemeta_json.txt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/pixelbuds-a_account_devicemeta_json.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3deb40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/pixelbuds-a_account_devicemeta_json.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+[
+  {
+    "account_key": "BPy5AaSyMfrFvMNgr6f7GA==",
+    "sha256_account_key_public_address": "jNGRz+Ni6ZuLd8hVF3lmGoJnF5byXBUyVi9CmnrF1so=",
+    "fast_pair_device_metadata": {
+      "image_url": "https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/2PffmZiopo2AjT8sshX0Se3jV-91cp4yOCIay2bBvZqKoKGVy5B4uyzdHsde6UrUSGaoCqV-h4edd5ZljA4oSGc",
+      "intent_uri": "intent:#Intent;action=com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AACTION_MAGIC_PAIR;package=com.google.android.gms;component=com.google.android.gms\/.nearby.discovery.service.DiscoveryService;S.com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AEXTRA_COMPANION_APP=com.google.android.apps.wearables.maestro.companion;end",
+      "ble_tx_power": 0,
+      "trigger_distance": 0,
+      "device_type": 0,
+      "left_bud_url": "",
+      "right_bud_url": "",
+      "case_url": "",
+      "initial_notification_description": "Tap to pair. Earbuds will be tied to %s",
+      "initial_notification_description_no_account": "Tap to pair with this device",
+      "initial_pairing_description": "Pixel Buds A-Series will appear on devices linked with ericth.nearby.dogfood@gmail.com",
+      "connect_success_companion_app_installed": "Your device is ready to be set up",
+      "connect_success_companion_app_not_installed": "Download the device app on Google Play to see all available features",
+      "subsequent_pairing_description": "Connect %s to this phone",
+      "retroactive_pairing_description": "Save device to %s for faster pairing to your other devices",
+      "wait_launch_companion_app_description": "This will take a few moments",
+      "fail_connect_go_to_settings_description": "Try manually pairing to the device by going to Settings"
+    },
+    "fast_pair_discovery_item": {
+      "id": "",
+      "mac_address": "",
+      "action_url": "intent:#Intent;action=com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AACTION_MAGIC_PAIR;package=com.google.android.gms;component=com.google.android.gms\/.nearby.discovery.service.DiscoveryService;S.com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AEXTRA_COMPANION_APP=com.google.android.apps.wearables.maestro.companion;end",
+      "device_name": "",
+      "title": "Pixel Buds A-Series",
+      "description": "Tap to pair with this device",
+      "display_url": "",
+      "last_observation_timestamp_millis": 0,
+      "first_observation_timestamp_millis": 0,
+      "state": 1,
+      "action_url_type": 2,
+      "rssi": 0,
+      "pending_app_install_timestamp_millis": 0,
+      "tx_power": 0,
+      "app_name": "",
+      "package_name": "",
+      "trigger_id": "",
+      "icon_png": "",
+      "icon_fife_url": "https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/2PffmZiopo2AjT8sshX0Se3jV-91cp4yOCIay2bBvZqKoKGVy5B4uyzdHsde6UrUSGaoCqV-h4edd5ZljA4oSGc",
+      "authentication_public_key_secp256r1": "z+grhW8lWVA34JUQhXOxMrk1WqVy+VpEDd2K+01ZJvS6KdV0OUg7FRMzq+ITuOqKO\/2TIRKEAEfMKdyk2Ob1Vw=="
+    }
+  }
+]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/pixelbuds-a_antispoofkey_devicemeta_json.txt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/pixelbuds-a_antispoofkey_devicemeta_json.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3611b03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/pixelbuds-a_antispoofkey_devicemeta_json.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{
+  "anti_spoofing_public_key_str": "z+grhW8lWVA34JUQhXOxMrk1WqVy+VpEDd2K+01ZJvS6KdV0OUg7FRMzq+ITuOqKO\/2TIRKEAEfMKdyk2Ob1Vw==",
+  "fast_pair_device_metadata": {
+    "image_url": "https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/2PffmZiopo2AjT8sshX0Se3jV-91cp4yOCIay2bBvZqKoKGVy5B4uyzdHsde6UrUSGaoCqV-h4edd5ZljA4oSGc",
+    "intent_uri": "intent:#Intent;action=com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AACTION_MAGIC_PAIR;package=com.google.android.gms;component=com.google.android.gms\/.nearby.discovery.service.DiscoveryService;S.com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AEXTRA_COMPANION_APP=com.google.android.apps.wearables.maestro.companion;end",
+    "ble_tx_power": -11,
+    "trigger_distance": 0.6000000238418579,
+    "device_type": 7,
+    "name": "Pixel Buds A-Series",
+    "left_bud_url": "https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/O8SVJ5E7CXUkpkym7ibZbp6wypuO7HaTFcslT_FjmEzJX4KHoIY_kzLTdK2kwJXiDBgg8cC__sG-JJ5aVnQtFjQ",
+    "right_bud_url": "https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/X_FsRmEKH_fgKzvopyrlyWJAdczRel42Tih7p9-e-U48gBTaggGVQx70K27TzlqIaqYVuaNpTnGoUsKIgiy4WA",
+    "case_url": "https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/mNZ7CGplQSpZhoY79jXDQU4B65eY2f0SndnYZLk1PSm8zKTYeRU7REmrLL_pptD6HpVI2F_oQ6xhhtZKOvB8EQ",
+    "initial_notification_description": "Tap to pair. Earbuds will be tied to %s",
+    "initial_notification_description_no_account": "Tap to pair with this device",
+    "open_companion_app_description": "Tap to finish setup",
+    "update_companion_app_description": "Tap to update device settings and finish setup",
+    "download_companion_app_description": "Tap to download device app on Google Play and see all features",
+    "unable_to_connect_title": "Unable to connect",
+    "unable_to_connect_description": "Try manually pairing to the device",
+    "initial_pairing_description": "%s will appear on devices linked with %s",
+    "connect_success_companion_app_installed": "Your device is ready to be set up",
+    "connect_success_companion_app_not_installed": "Download the device app on Google Play to see all available features",
+    "subsequent_pairing_description": "Connect %s to this phone",
+    "retroactive_pairing_description": "Save device to %s for faster pairing to your other devices",
+    "wait_launch_companion_app_description": "This will take a few moments",
+    "fail_connect_go_to_settings_description": "Try manually pairing to the device by going to Settings"
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/simulator_account_devicemeta_json.txt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/simulator_account_devicemeta_json.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed60860
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/simulator_account_devicemeta_json.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+[
+  {
+    "account_key": "BPy5AaSyMfrFvMNgr6f7GA==",
+    "sha256_account_key_public_address": "jNGRz+Ni6ZuLd8hVF3lmGoJnF5byXBUyVi9CmnrF1so=",
+    "fast_pair_device_metadata": {
+      "ble_tx_power": 0,
+      "case_url": "",
+      "connect_success_companion_app_installed": "Your device is ready to be set up",
+      "connect_success_companion_app_not_installed": "Download the device app on Google Play to see all available features",
+      "device_type": 0,
+      "fail_connect_go_to_settings_description": "Try manually pairing to the device by going to Settings",
+      "image_url": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/2PffmZiopo2AjT8sshX0Se3jV-91cp4yOCIay2bBvZqKoKGVy5B4uyzdHsde6UrUSGaoCqV-h4edd5ZljA4oSGc",
+      "initial_notification_description": "Tap to pair. Earbuds will be tied to %s",
+      "initial_notification_description_no_account": "Tap to pair with this device",
+      "initial_pairing_description": "Pixel Buds A-Series will appear on devices linked with ericth.nearby.dogfood@gmail.com",
+      "intent_uri": "intent:#Intent;action=com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AACTION_MAGIC_PAIR;package=com.google.android.gms;component=com.google.android.gms/.nearby.discovery.service.DiscoveryService;S.com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AEXTRA_COMPANION_APP=com.google.android.apps.wearables.maestro.companion;end",
+      "left_bud_url": "",
+      "retroactive_pairing_description": "Save device to %s for faster pairing to your other devices",
+      "right_bud_url": "",
+      "subsequent_pairing_description": "Connect %s to this phone",
+      "trigger_distance": 0,
+      "wait_launch_companion_app_description": "This will take a few moments"
+    },
+    "fast_pair_discovery_item": {
+      "action_url": "intent:#Intent;action=com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AACTION_MAGIC_PAIR;package=com.google.android.gms;component=com.google.android.gms/.nearby.discovery.service.DiscoveryService;S.com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AEXTRA_COMPANION_APP=com.google.android.apps.wearables.maestro.companion;end",
+      "action_url_type": 2,
+      "app_name": "",
+      "authentication_public_key_secp256r1": "z+grhW8lWVA34JUQhXOxMrk1WqVy+VpEDd2K+01ZJvS6KdV0OUg7FRMzq+ITuOqKO/2TIRKEAEfMKdyk2Ob1Vw==",
+      "description": "Tap to pair with this device",
+      "device_name": "",
+      "display_url": "",
+      "first_observation_timestamp_millis": 0,
+      "icon_fife_url": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/2PffmZiopo2AjT8sshX0Se3jV-91cp4yOCIay2bBvZqKoKGVy5B4uyzdHsde6UrUSGaoCqV-h4edd5ZljA4oSGc",
+      "icon_png": "",
+      "id": "",
+      "last_observation_timestamp_millis": 0,
+      "mac_address": "",
+      "package_name": "",
+      "pending_app_install_timestamp_millis": 0,
+      "rssi": 0,
+      "state": 1,
+      "title": "Pixel Buds A-Series",
+      "trigger_id": "",
+      "tx_power": 0
+    }
+  }
+]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/simulator_antispoofkey_devicemeta_json.txt b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/simulator_antispoofkey_devicemeta_json.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc9706a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_data/fastpair/simulator_antispoofkey_devicemeta_json.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{
+  "anti_spoofing_public_key_str": "sjp\/AOS7+VnTCaueeWorjdeJ8Nc32EOmpe\/QRhzY9+cMNELU1QA3jzgvUXdWW73nl6+EN01eXtLBu2Fw9CGmfA==",
+  "fast_pair_device_metadata": {
+    "ble_tx_power": -10,
+    "case_url": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/mNZ7CGplQSpZhoY79jXDQU4B65eY2f0SndnYZLk1PSm8zKTYeRU7REmrLL_pptD6HpVI2F_oQ6xhhtZKOvB8EQ",
+    "connect_success_companion_app_installed": "Your device is ready to be set up",
+    "connect_success_companion_app_not_installed": "Download the device app on Google Play to see all available features",
+    "device_type": 7,
+    "download_companion_app_description": "Tap to download device app on Google Play and see all features",
+    "fail_connect_go_to_settings_description": "Try manually pairing to the device by going to Settings",
+    "image_url": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/THpAzISZGa5F86cMsBcTPhRWefBPc5dorBxWdOPCGvbFg6ZMHUjFuE-4kbLuoLoIMHf3Fd8jUvvcxnjp_Q",
+    "initial_notification_description": "Tap to pair. Earbuds will be tied to %s",
+    "initial_notification_description_no_account": "Tap to pair with this device",
+    "initial_pairing_description": "%s will appear on devices linked with %s",
+    "intent_uri": "intent:#Intent;action=com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AACTION_MAGIC_PAIR;package=com.google.android.gms;component=com.google.android.gms/.nearby.discovery.service.DiscoveryService;S.com.google.android.gms.nearby.discovery%3AEXTRA_COMPANION_APP=com.google.android.testapp;end",
+    "left_bud_url": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/O8SVJ5E7CXUkpkym7ibZbp6wypuO7HaTFcslT_FjmEzJX4KHoIY_kzLTdK2kwJXiDBgg8cC__sG-JJ5aVnQtFjQ",
+    "name": "Fast Pair Provider Simulator",
+    "open_companion_app_description": "Tap to finish setup",
+    "retroactive_pairing_description": "Save device to %s for faster pairing to your other devices",
+    "right_bud_url": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/X_FsRmEKH_fgKzvopyrlyWJAdczRel42Tih7p9-e-U48gBTaggGVQx70K27TzlqIaqYVuaNpTnGoUsKIgiy4WA",
+    "subsequent_pairing_description": "Connect %s to this phone",
+    "trigger_distance": 0.6000000238418579,
+    "unable_to_connect_description": "Try manually pairing to the device",
+    "unable_to_connect_title": "Unable to connect",
+    "update_companion_app_description": "Tap to update device settings and finish setup",
+    "wait_launch_companion_app_description": "This will take a few moments"
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/__init__.py b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0cae91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/constants.py b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/constants.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..342be8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/constants.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+
+# Default model ID to simulate on provider side.
+DEFAULT_MODEL_ID = '00000c'
+
+# Default public key to simulate as registered headsets.
+DEFAULT_ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY = 'Cbj9eCJrTdDgSYxLkqtfADQi86vIaMvxJsQ298sZYWE='
+
+# Default anti-spoof Key Device Metadata JSON file for data provider at seeker side.
+DEFAULT_KDM_JSON_FILE = 'simulator_antispoofkey_devicemeta_json.txt'
+
+# Time in seconds for events waiting according to Fast Pair certification guidelines:
+# https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/certification-guideline
+SETUP_TIMEOUT_SEC = 5
+BECOME_DISCOVERABLE_TIMEOUT_SEC = 10
+START_ADVERTISING_TIMEOUT_SEC = 5
+SCAN_TIMEOUT_SEC = 5
+HALF_SHEET_POPUP_TIMEOUT_SEC = 5
+AVERAGE_PAIRING_TIMEOUT_SEC = 12
+
+# The phone to simulate Fast Pair provider (like headphone) needs changes in Android system:
+# 1. System permission check removal
+# 2. Adjusts Bluetooth profile configurations
+# The build fingerprint of the custom ROM for Fast Pair provider simulator.
+FAST_PAIR_PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_BUILD_FINGERPRINT = (
+    'google/bramble/bramble:Tiramisu/MASTER/eng.hylo.20211019.091550:userdebug/dev-keys')
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/event_helper.py b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/event_helper.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8abf05c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/event_helper.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+
+"""This is a shared library to help handling Mobly event waiting logic."""
+
+import time
+from typing import Callable
+
+from mobly.controllers.android_device_lib import callback_handler
+from mobly.controllers.android_device_lib import snippet_event
+
+# Abbreviations for common use type
+CallbackHandler = callback_handler.CallbackHandler
+SnippetEvent = snippet_event.SnippetEvent
+
+# Type definition for the callback functions to make code formatted nicely
+OnReceivedCallback = Callable[[SnippetEvent, int], bool]
+OnWaitingCallback = Callable[[int], None]
+OnMissedCallback = Callable[[], None]
+
+
+def wait_callback_event(callback_event_handler: CallbackHandler,
+                        event_name: str, timeout_seconds: int,
+                        on_received: OnReceivedCallback,
+                        on_waiting: OnWaitingCallback,
+                        on_missed: OnMissedCallback) -> None:
+    """Waits until the matched event has been received or timeout.
+
+    Here we keep waitAndGet for event callback from EventSnippet.
+    We loop until over timeout_seconds instead of directly
+    waitAndGet(timeout=teardown_timeout_seconds). Because there is
+    MAX_TIMEOUT limitation in callback_handler of Mobly.
+
+    Args:
+      callback_event_handler: Mobly callback events handler.
+      event_name: the specific name of the event to wait.
+      timeout_seconds: the number of seconds to wait before giving up.
+      on_received: calls when event received, return false to keep waiting.
+      on_waiting: calls when waitAndGet timeout.
+      on_missed: calls when giving up.
+    """
+    start_time = time.perf_counter()
+    deadline = start_time + timeout_seconds
+    while time.perf_counter() < deadline:
+        remaining_time_sec = min(callback_handler.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+                                 deadline - time.perf_counter())
+        try:
+            event = callback_event_handler.waitAndGet(
+                event_name, timeout=remaining_time_sec)
+        except callback_handler.TimeoutError:
+            elapsed_time = int(time.perf_counter() - start_time)
+            on_waiting(elapsed_time)
+        else:
+            elapsed_time = int(time.perf_counter() - start_time)
+            if on_received(event, elapsed_time):
+                break
+    else:
+        on_missed()
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/fast_pair_base_test.py b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/fast_pair_base_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b84839
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/fast_pair_base_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+
+"""Base for all Nearby Mainline Fast Pair end-to-end test cases."""
+
+from typing import List, Tuple
+
+from mobly import base_test
+from mobly import signals
+from mobly.controllers import android_device
+
+from test_helper import constants
+from test_helper import fast_pair_provider_simulator
+from test_helper import fast_pair_seeker
+
+# Abbreviations for common use type.
+AndroidDevice = android_device.AndroidDevice
+FastPairProviderSimulator = fast_pair_provider_simulator.FastPairProviderSimulator
+FastPairSeeker = fast_pair_seeker.FastPairSeeker
+REQUIRED_BUILD_FINGERPRINT = constants.FAST_PAIR_PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_BUILD_FINGERPRINT
+
+
+class FastPairBaseTest(base_test.BaseTestClass):
+    """Base class for all Nearby Mainline Fast Pair end-to-end classes to inherit."""
+
+    _duts: List[AndroidDevice]
+    _provider: FastPairProviderSimulator
+    _seeker: FastPairSeeker
+
+    def setup_class(self) -> None:
+        super().setup_class()
+        self._duts = self.register_controller(android_device, min_number=2)
+
+        provider_ad, seeker_ad = self._check_devices_supported()
+        self._provider = FastPairProviderSimulator(provider_ad)
+        self._seeker = FastPairSeeker(seeker_ad)
+        self._provider.load_snippet()
+        self._seeker.load_snippet()
+
+    def setup_test(self) -> None:
+        super().setup_test()
+        self._provider.setup_provider_simulator(constants.SETUP_TIMEOUT_SEC)
+
+    def teardown_test(self) -> None:
+        super().teardown_test()
+        # Create per-test excepts of logcat.
+        for dut in self._duts:
+            dut.services.create_output_excerpts_all(self.current_test_info)
+
+    def _check_devices_supported(self) -> Tuple[AndroidDevice, AndroidDevice]:
+        # Assume the 1st phone is provider, the 2nd one is seeker.
+        provider_ad, seeker_ad = self._duts[:2]
+
+        for ad in self._duts:
+            if ad.build_info['build_fingerprint'] == REQUIRED_BUILD_FINGERPRINT:
+                if ad != provider_ad:
+                    provider_ad, seeker_ad = seeker_ad, provider_ad
+                break
+        else:
+            raise signals.TestAbortClass(
+                f'None of phones has custom ROM ({REQUIRED_BUILD_FINGERPRINT}) for Fast Pair '
+                f'provider simulator. Skip all the test cases!')
+
+        return provider_ad, seeker_ad
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/fast_pair_provider_simulator.py b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/fast_pair_provider_simulator.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..592c4f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/fast_pair_provider_simulator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+
+"""Fast Pair provider simulator role."""
+
+import time
+
+from mobly import asserts
+from mobly.controllers import android_device
+from mobly.controllers.android_device_lib import jsonrpc_client_base
+from mobly.controllers.android_device_lib import snippet_event
+from typing import Optional
+
+from test_helper import event_helper
+
+# The package name of the provider simulator snippet.
+FP_PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_SNIPPETS_PACKAGE = 'android.nearby.multidevices'
+
+# Events reported from the provider simulator snippet.
+ON_A2DP_SINK_PROFILE_CONNECT_EVENT = 'onA2DPSinkProfileConnected'
+ON_SCAN_MODE_CHANGE_EVENT = 'onScanModeChange'
+ON_ADVERTISING_CHANGE_EVENT = 'onAdvertisingChange'
+
+# Target scan mode.
+DISCOVERABLE_MODE = 'DISCOVERABLE'
+
+# Abbreviations for common use type.
+AndroidDevice = android_device.AndroidDevice
+SnippetEvent = snippet_event.SnippetEvent
+wait_for_event = event_helper.wait_callback_event
+
+
+class FastPairProviderSimulator:
+    """A proxy for provider simulator snippet on the device."""
+
+    def __init__(self, ad: AndroidDevice) -> None:
+        self._ad = ad
+        self._ad.debug_tag = 'FastPairProviderSimulator'
+        self._provider_status_callback = None
+
+    def load_snippet(self) -> None:
+        """Starts the provider simulator snippet and connects.
+
+        Raises:
+          SnippetError: Illegal load operations are attempted.
+        """
+        self._ad.load_snippet(
+            name='fp', package=FP_PROVIDER_SIMULATOR_SNIPPETS_PACKAGE)
+
+    def setup_provider_simulator(self, timeout_seconds: int) -> None:
+        """Sets up the Fast Pair provider simulator.
+
+        Args:
+          timeout_seconds: The number of seconds to wait before giving up.
+        """
+        setup_status_callback = self._ad.fp.setupProviderSimulator()
+
+        def _on_a2dp_sink_profile_connect_event_received(_, elapsed_time: int) -> bool:
+            self._ad.log.info('Provider simulator connected to A2DP sink in %d seconds.',
+                              elapsed_time)
+            return True
+
+        def _on_a2dp_sink_profile_connect_event_waiting(elapsed_time: int) -> None:
+            self._ad.log.info(
+                'Still waiting "%s" event callback from provider side '
+                'after %d seconds...', ON_A2DP_SINK_PROFILE_CONNECT_EVENT, elapsed_time)
+
+        def _on_a2dp_sink_profile_connect_event_missed() -> None:
+            asserts.fail(f'Timed out after {timeout_seconds} seconds waiting for '
+                         f'the specific "{ON_A2DP_SINK_PROFILE_CONNECT_EVENT}" event.')
+
+        wait_for_event(
+            callback_event_handler=setup_status_callback,
+            event_name=ON_A2DP_SINK_PROFILE_CONNECT_EVENT,
+            timeout_seconds=timeout_seconds,
+            on_received=_on_a2dp_sink_profile_connect_event_received,
+            on_waiting=_on_a2dp_sink_profile_connect_event_waiting,
+            on_missed=_on_a2dp_sink_profile_connect_event_missed)
+
+    def start_model_id_advertising(self, model_id: str, anti_spoofing_key: str) -> None:
+        """Starts model id advertising for scanning and initial pairing.
+
+        Args:
+          model_id: A 3-byte hex string for seeker side to recognize the device (ex:
+            0x00000C).
+          anti_spoofing_key: A public key for registered headsets.
+        """
+        self._ad.log.info(
+            'Provider simulator starts advertising as model id "%s" with anti-spoofing key "%s".',
+            model_id, anti_spoofing_key)
+        self._provider_status_callback = (
+            self._ad.fp.startModelIdAdvertising(model_id, anti_spoofing_key))
+
+    def teardown_provider_simulator(self) -> None:
+        """Tears down the Fast Pair provider simulator."""
+        self._ad.fp.teardownProviderSimulator()
+
+    def get_ble_mac_address(self) -> str:
+        """Gets Bluetooth low energy mac address of the provider simulator.
+
+        The BLE mac address will be set by the AdvertisingSet.getOwnAddress()
+        callback. This is the callback flow in the custom Android build. It takes
+        a while after advertising started so we use retry here to wait it.
+
+        Returns:
+          The BLE mac address of the Fast Pair provider simulator.
+        """
+        for _ in range(3):
+            try:
+                return self._ad.fp.getBluetoothLeAddress()
+            except jsonrpc_client_base.ApiError:
+                time.sleep(1)
+
+    def wait_for_discoverable_mode(self, timeout_seconds: int) -> None:
+        """Waits onScanModeChange event to ensure provider is discoverable.
+
+        Args:
+          timeout_seconds: The number of seconds to wait before giving up.
+        """
+
+        def _on_scan_mode_change_event_received(
+                scan_mode_change_event: SnippetEvent, elapsed_time: int) -> bool:
+            scan_mode = scan_mode_change_event.data['mode']
+            self._ad.log.info(
+                'Provider simulator changed the scan mode to %s in %d seconds.',
+                scan_mode, elapsed_time)
+            return scan_mode == DISCOVERABLE_MODE
+
+        def _on_scan_mode_change_event_waiting(elapsed_time: int) -> None:
+            self._ad.log.info(
+                'Still waiting "%s" event callback from provider side '
+                'after %d seconds...', ON_SCAN_MODE_CHANGE_EVENT, elapsed_time)
+
+        def _on_scan_mode_change_event_missed() -> None:
+            asserts.fail(f'Timed out after {timeout_seconds} seconds waiting for '
+                         f'the specific "{ON_SCAN_MODE_CHANGE_EVENT}" event.')
+
+        wait_for_event(
+            callback_event_handler=self._provider_status_callback,
+            event_name=ON_SCAN_MODE_CHANGE_EVENT,
+            timeout_seconds=timeout_seconds,
+            on_received=_on_scan_mode_change_event_received,
+            on_waiting=_on_scan_mode_change_event_waiting,
+            on_missed=_on_scan_mode_change_event_missed)
+
+    def wait_for_advertising_start(self, timeout_seconds: int) -> None:
+        """Waits onAdvertisingChange event to ensure provider is advertising.
+
+        Args:
+          timeout_seconds: The number of seconds to wait before giving up.
+        """
+
+        def _on_advertising_mode_change_event_received(
+                scan_mode_change_event: SnippetEvent, elapsed_time: int) -> bool:
+            advertising_mode = scan_mode_change_event.data['isAdvertising']
+            self._ad.log.info(
+                'Provider simulator changed the advertising mode to %s in %d seconds.',
+                advertising_mode, elapsed_time)
+            return advertising_mode
+
+        def _on_advertising_mode_change_event_waiting(elapsed_time: int) -> None:
+            self._ad.log.info(
+                'Still waiting "%s" event callback from provider side '
+                'after %d seconds...', ON_ADVERTISING_CHANGE_EVENT, elapsed_time)
+
+        def _on_advertising_mode_change_event_missed() -> None:
+            asserts.fail(f'Timed out after {timeout_seconds} seconds waiting for '
+                         f'the specific "{ON_ADVERTISING_CHANGE_EVENT}" event.')
+
+        wait_for_event(
+            callback_event_handler=self._provider_status_callback,
+            event_name=ON_ADVERTISING_CHANGE_EVENT,
+            timeout_seconds=timeout_seconds,
+            on_received=_on_advertising_mode_change_event_received,
+            on_waiting=_on_advertising_mode_change_event_waiting,
+            on_missed=_on_advertising_mode_change_event_missed)
+
+    def get_latest_received_account_key(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Gets the latest account key received on the provider side.
+
+        Returns:
+          The account key received at provider side.
+        """
+        return self._ad.fp.getLatestReceivedAccountKey()
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/fast_pair_seeker.py b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/fast_pair_seeker.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64fc2f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/fast_pair_seeker.py
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+
+"""Fast Pair seeker role."""
+
+import json
+from typing import Callable, Optional
+
+from mobly import asserts
+from mobly.controllers import android_device
+from mobly.controllers.android_device_lib import snippet_event
+
+from test_helper import event_helper
+from test_helper import utils
+
+# The package name of the Nearby Mainline Fast Pair seeker Mobly snippet.
+FP_SEEKER_SNIPPETS_PACKAGE = 'android.nearby.multidevices'
+
+# Events reported from the seeker snippet.
+ON_PROVIDER_FOUND_EVENT = 'onDiscovered'
+ON_MANAGE_ACCOUNT_DEVICE_EVENT = 'onManageAccountDevice'
+
+# Abbreviations for common use type.
+AndroidDevice = android_device.AndroidDevice
+JsonObject = utils.JsonObject
+ProviderAccountKeyCallable = Callable[[], Optional[str]]
+SnippetEvent = snippet_event.SnippetEvent
+wait_for_event = event_helper.wait_callback_event
+
+
+class FastPairSeeker:
+    """A proxy for seeker snippet on the device."""
+
+    def __init__(self, ad: AndroidDevice) -> None:
+        self._ad = ad
+        self._ad.debug_tag = 'MainlineFastPairSeeker'
+        self._scan_result_callback = None
+        self._pairing_result_callback = None
+
+    def load_snippet(self) -> None:
+        """Starts the seeker snippet and connects.
+
+        Raises:
+          SnippetError: Illegal load operations are attempted.
+        """
+        self._ad.load_snippet(name='fp', package=FP_SEEKER_SNIPPETS_PACKAGE)
+
+    def start_scan(self) -> None:
+        """Starts scanning to find Fast Pair provider devices."""
+        self._scan_result_callback = self._ad.fp.startScan()
+
+    def stop_scan(self) -> None:
+        """Stops the Fast Pair seeker scanning."""
+        self._ad.fp.stopScan()
+
+    def wait_and_assert_provider_found(self, timeout_seconds: int,
+                                       expected_model_id: str,
+                                       expected_ble_mac_address: str) -> None:
+        """Waits and asserts any onDiscovered event from the seeker.
+
+        Args:
+          timeout_seconds: The number of seconds to wait before giving up.
+          expected_model_id: The expected model ID of the remote Fast Pair provider
+            device.
+          expected_ble_mac_address: The expected BLE MAC address of the remote Fast
+            Pair provider device.
+        """
+
+        def _on_provider_found_event_received(provider_found_event: SnippetEvent,
+                                              elapsed_time: int) -> bool:
+            nearby_device_str = provider_found_event.data['device']
+            self._ad.log.info('Seeker discovered first provider(%s) in %d seconds.',
+                              nearby_device_str, elapsed_time)
+            return expected_ble_mac_address in nearby_device_str
+
+        def _on_provider_found_event_waiting(elapsed_time: int) -> None:
+            self._ad.log.info(
+                'Still waiting "%s" event callback from seeker side '
+                'after %d seconds...', ON_PROVIDER_FOUND_EVENT, elapsed_time)
+
+        def _on_provider_found_event_missed() -> None:
+            asserts.fail(f'Timed out after {timeout_seconds} seconds waiting for '
+                         f'the specific "{ON_PROVIDER_FOUND_EVENT}" event.')
+
+        wait_for_event(
+            callback_event_handler=self._scan_result_callback,
+            event_name=ON_PROVIDER_FOUND_EVENT,
+            timeout_seconds=timeout_seconds,
+            on_received=_on_provider_found_event_received,
+            on_waiting=_on_provider_found_event_waiting,
+            on_missed=_on_provider_found_event_missed)
+
+    def put_anti_spoof_key_device_metadata(self, model_id: str, kdm_json_file_name: str) -> None:
+        """Puts a model id to FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata pair into test data cache.
+
+        Args:
+          model_id: A string of model id to be associated with.
+          kdm_json_file_name: The FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata JSON object.
+        """
+        self._ad.log.info('Puts FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata into test data cache for '
+                          'model id "%s".', model_id)
+        kdm_json_object = utils.load_json_fast_pair_test_data(kdm_json_file_name)
+        self._ad.fp.putAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+            model_id,
+            utils.serialize_as_simplified_json_str(kdm_json_object))
+
+    def set_fast_pair_scan_enabled(self, enable: bool) -> None:
+        """Writes into Settings whether Fast Pair scan is enabled.
+
+        Args:
+          enable: whether the Fast Pair scan should be enabled.
+        """
+        self._ad.log.info('%s Fast Pair scan in Android settings.',
+                          'Enables' if enable else 'Disables')
+        self._ad.fp.setFastPairScanEnabled(enable)
+
+    def wait_and_assert_halfsheet_showed(self, timeout_seconds: int,
+                                         expected_model_id: str) -> None:
+        """Waits and asserts the onHalfSheetShowed event from the seeker.
+
+        Args:
+          timeout_seconds: The number of seconds to wait before giving up.
+          expected_model_id: A 3-byte hex string for seeker side to recognize
+            the remote provider device (ex: 0x00000c).
+        """
+        self._ad.log.info('Waits and asserts the half sheet showed for model id "%s".',
+                          expected_model_id)
+        self._ad.fp.waitAndAssertHalfSheetShowed(expected_model_id, timeout_seconds)
+
+    def dismiss_halfsheet(self) -> None:
+        """Dismisses the half sheet UI if showed."""
+        self._ad.fp.dismissHalfSheet()
+
+    def start_pairing(self) -> None:
+        """Starts pairing the provider via "Connect" button on half sheet UI."""
+        self._pairing_result_callback = self._ad.fp.startPairing()
+
+    def wait_and_assert_account_device(
+            self, timeout_seconds: int,
+            get_account_key_from_provider: ProviderAccountKeyCallable) -> None:
+        """Waits and asserts the onHalfSheetShowed event from the seeker.
+
+        Args:
+          timeout_seconds: The number of seconds to wait before giving up.
+          get_account_key_from_provider: The callable to get expected account key from the provider
+            side.
+        """
+
+        def _on_manage_account_device_event_received(manage_account_device_event: SnippetEvent,
+                                                     elapsed_time: int) -> bool:
+            account_key_json_str = manage_account_device_event.data['accountDeviceJsonString']
+            account_key_from_seeker = json.loads(account_key_json_str)['account_key']
+            account_key_from_provider = get_account_key_from_provider()
+            self._ad.log.info('Seeker add an account device with account key "%s" in %d seconds.',
+                              account_key_from_seeker, elapsed_time)
+            self._ad.log.info('The latest provider side account key is "%s".',
+                              account_key_from_provider)
+            return account_key_from_seeker == account_key_from_provider
+
+        def _on_manage_account_device_event_waiting(elapsed_time: int) -> None:
+            self._ad.log.info(
+                'Still waiting "%s" event callback from seeker side '
+                'after %d seconds...', ON_MANAGE_ACCOUNT_DEVICE_EVENT, elapsed_time)
+
+        def _on_manage_account_device_event_missed() -> None:
+            asserts.fail(f'Timed out after {timeout_seconds} seconds waiting for '
+                         f'the specific "{ON_MANAGE_ACCOUNT_DEVICE_EVENT}" event.')
+
+        wait_for_event(
+            callback_event_handler=self._pairing_result_callback,
+            event_name=ON_MANAGE_ACCOUNT_DEVICE_EVENT,
+            timeout_seconds=timeout_seconds,
+            on_received=_on_manage_account_device_event_received,
+            on_waiting=_on_manage_account_device_event_waiting,
+            on_missed=_on_manage_account_device_event_missed)
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/utils.py b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0acb57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/test_helper/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+
+import json
+import pathlib
+import sys
+from typing import Any, Dict
+
+# Type definition
+JsonObject = Dict[str, Any]
+
+
+def load_json_fast_pair_test_data(json_file_name: str) -> JsonObject:
+    """Loads a JSON text file from test data directory into a Json object.
+
+    Args:
+      json_file_name: The name of the JSON file.
+    """
+    return json.loads(
+        pathlib.Path(sys.argv[0]).parent.joinpath(
+            'test_data', 'fastpair', json_file_name).read_text()
+    )
+
+
+def serialize_as_simplified_json_str(json_data: JsonObject) -> str:
+    """Serializes a JSON object into a string without empty space.
+
+    Args:
+      json_data: The JSON object to be serialized.
+    """
+    return json.dumps(json_data, separators=(',', ':'))
diff --git a/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/tool/fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/tool/fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a74c1a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/multidevices/host/tool/fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# A script to interactively manage FastPairTestDataCache of FastPairTestDataProviderService.
+#
+# FastPairTestDataProviderService (../../clients/test_service/fastpair_seeker_data_provider/) is a
+# run-Time configurable FastPairDataProviderService. It has a FastPairTestDataManager to receive
+# Intent broadcast to add/clear the FastPairTestDataCache. This cache provides the data to return to
+# the Nearby Mainline module for onXXX calls (ex: onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata).
+#
+# To use this tool, make sure you:
+# 1. Flash the ROM your built to the device
+# 2. Build and install NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider to the device
+# m NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider
+# adb install -r -g ${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT}/system/app/NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider/NearbyFastPairSeekerDataProvider.apk
+# 3. Check FastPairService can connect to the FastPairTestDataProviderService.
+# adb logcat ServiceMonitor:* *:S
+# (ex: ServiceMonitor: [FAST_PAIR_DATA_PROVIDER] connected to {
+# android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.dataprovider/android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.dataprovider.FastPairTestDataProviderService})
+#
+# Sample Usages:
+# 1. Send FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata for PixelBuds-A to FastPairTestDataCache
+# ./fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh -m=718c17  -a=../test_data/fastpair/pixelbuds-a_antispoofkey_devicemeta_json.txt
+# 2. Send FastPairAccountDevicesMetadata for PixelBuds-A to FastPairTestDataCache
+# ./fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh -d=../test_data/fastpair/pixelbuds-a_account_devicemeta_json.txt
+# 3. Send FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata for Provider Simulator to FastPairTestDataCache
+# ./fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh -m=00000c -a=../test_data/fastpair/simulator_antispoofkey_devicemeta_json.txt
+# 4. Send FastPairAccountDevicesMetadata for Provider Simulator to FastPairTestDataCache
+# ./fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh -d=../test_data/fastpair/simulator_account_devicemeta_json.txt
+# 5. Clear FastPairTestDataCache
+# ./fast_pair_data_provider_shell.sh -c
+#
+# Check logcat:
+# adb logcat FastPairTestDataManager:* FastPairTestDataProviderService:* *:S
+
+for i in "$@"; do
+  case $i in
+    -a=*|--ask=*)
+      ASK_FILE="${i#*=}"
+      shift # past argument=value
+      ;;
+    -m=*|--model=*)
+      MODEL_ID="${i#*=}"
+      shift # past argument=value
+      ;;
+    -d=*|--adm=*)
+      ADM_FILE="${i#*=}"
+      shift # past argument=value
+      ;;
+    -c)
+      CLEAR="true"
+      shift # past argument
+      ;;
+    -*|--*)
+      echo "Unknown option $i"
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+    *)
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+readonly ACTION_BASE="android.nearby.fastpair.seeker.action"
+readonly ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA="$ACTION_BASE.ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA"
+readonly ACTION_SEND_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA="$ACTION_BASE.ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA"
+readonly ACTION_RESET_TEST_DATA_CACHE="$ACTION_BASE.RESET"
+readonly DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY="json"
+readonly DATA_MODEL_ID_STRING_KEY="modelId"
+
+if [[ -n "${ASK_FILE}" ]] && [[ -n "${MODEL_ID}" ]]; then
+  echo "Sending AntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata for model ${MODEL_ID} to the FastPairTestDataCache..."
+  ASK_JSON_TEXT=$(tr -d '\n' < "$ASK_FILE")
+  CMD="am broadcast -a $ACTION_SEND_ANTISPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA "
+  CMD+="-e $DATA_MODEL_ID_STRING_KEY '$MODEL_ID' "
+  CMD+="-e $DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY '\"'$ASK_JSON_TEXT'\"'"
+  CMD="adb shell \"$CMD\""
+  echo "$CMD" && eval "$CMD"
+fi
+
+if [ -n "${ADM_FILE}" ]; then
+  echo "Sending AccountKeyDeviceMetadata to the FastPairTestDataCache..."
+  ADM_JSON_TEXT=$(tr -d '\n' < "$ADM_FILE")
+  CMD="am broadcast -a $ACTION_SEND_ACCOUNT_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA "
+  CMD+="-e $DATA_JSON_STRING_KEY '\"'$ADM_JSON_TEXT'\"'"
+  CMD="adb shell \"$CMD\""
+  echo "$CMD" && eval "$CMD"
+fi
+
+if [ -n "${CLEAR}" ]; then
+  echo "Cleaning FastPairTestDataCache..."
+  CMD="adb shell am broadcast -a $ACTION_RESET_TEST_DATA_CACHE"
+  echo "$CMD" && eval "$CMD"
+fi
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/robotests/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56c0107
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//############################################
+// Nearby Robolectric test target. #
+//############################################
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_robolectric_test {
+    name: "NearbyRoboTests",
+    srcs: ["src/**/*.java"],
+    instrumentation_for: "NearbyFakeTestApp",
+    java_resource_dirs: ["config"],
+
+    libs: [
+        "android-support-annotations",
+        "services.core",
+    ],
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "androidx.test.core",
+        "androidx.core_core",
+        "androidx.annotation_annotation",
+        "androidx.legacy_legacy-support-v4",
+        "androidx.recyclerview_recyclerview",
+        "androidx.preference_preference",
+        "androidx.appcompat_appcompat",
+        "androidx.lifecycle_lifecycle-runtime",
+        "androidx.mediarouter_mediarouter-nodeps",
+        "error_prone_annotations",
+        "mockito-robolectric-prebuilt",
+        "service-nearby-pre-jarjar",
+        "truth-prebuilt",
+        "robolectric_android-all-stub",
+        "Robolectric_all-target",
+    ],
+
+    test_options: {
+        // timeout in seconds.
+        timeout: 36000,
+    },
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/robotests/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..25376cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+    Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+
+    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+    You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+    limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    package="com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.test">
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/config/robolectric.properties b/nearby/tests/robotests/config/robolectric.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..932de7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/config/robolectric.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2021 Google Inc.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+sdk=NEWEST_SDK
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/fake_app/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/robotests/fake_app/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..707b38f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/fake_app/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_app {
+    name: "NearbyFakeTestApp",
+    srcs: ["*.java"],
+    platform_apis: true,
+    optimize: {
+        enabled: false,
+    },
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/fake_app/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/robotests/fake_app/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdb5390
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/fake_app/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+    Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+
+    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+    You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+    limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    package="com.android.server.nearby" />
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/fake_app/Empty.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/fake_app/Empty.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96619d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/fake_app/Empty.java
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Bluelet.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Bluelet.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..182fde7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Bluelet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower;
+
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+
+/**
+ * User interface for mocking and simulation of a Bluetooth device.
+ */
+public interface Bluelet {
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link #setCreateBondOutcome}.
+     */
+    enum CreateBondOutcome {
+        SUCCESS,
+        FAILURE,
+        TIMEOUT
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link #setIoCapabilities}. Note that Bluetooth specifies a few more choices, but this is
+     * all DeviceShadower currently supports.
+     */
+    enum IoCapabilities {
+        NO_INPUT_NO_OUTPUT,
+        DISPLAY_YES_NO,
+        KEYBOARD_ONLY
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See {@link #setFetchUuidsTiming}.
+     */
+    enum FetchUuidsTiming {
+        BEFORE_BONDING,
+        AFTER_BONDING,
+        NEVER
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the initial state of the local Bluetooth adapter at the beginning of the test.
+     * <p>This method is not associated with broadcast event and is intended to be called at the
+     * beginning of the test. Allowed states:
+     *
+     * @see android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#STATE_OFF
+     * @see android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter#STATE_ON
+     * </p>
+     */
+    Bluelet setAdapterInitialState(int state) throws IllegalArgumentException;
+
+    /**
+     * Set the bluetooth class of the local Bluetooth device at the beginning of the test.
+     * <p>
+     *
+     * @see android.bluetooth.BluetoothClass.Device
+     * @see android.bluetooth.BluetoothClass.Service
+     */
+    Bluelet setBluetoothClass(int bluetoothClass);
+
+    /**
+     * Set the scan mode of the local Bluetooth device at the beginning of the test.
+     */
+    Bluelet setScanMode(int scanMode);
+
+    /**
+     * Set the Bluetooth profiles supported by this device (e.g. A2DP Sink).
+     */
+    Bluelet setProfileUuids(ParcelUuid... profileUuids);
+
+    /**
+     * Makes bond attempts with this device succeed or fail.
+     *
+     * @param failureReason Ignored unless outcome is {@link CreateBondOutcome#FAILURE}. This is
+     * delivered in the intent that indicates bond state has changed to BOND_NONE. Values:
+     * https://cs.corp.google.com/android/frameworks/base/core/java/android/bluetooth/BluetoothDevice.java?rcl=38d9ee4cd661c10e012f71051d23644c65607eed&l=472
+     */
+    Bluelet setCreateBondOutcome(CreateBondOutcome outcome, int failureReason);
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the IO capabilities of this device. When bonding, a device states its IO capabilities in
+     * the pairing request. The pairing variant used depends on the IO capabilities of both devices
+     * (e.g. Just Works is the only available option for a NoInputNoOutput device, while Numeric
+     * Comparison aka Passkey Confirmation is used if both devices have a display and the ability to
+     * confirm/deny).
+     *
+     * @see <a href="https://blog.bluetooth.com/bluetooth-pairing-part-4">Bluetooth blog</a>
+     */
+    Bluelet setIoCapabilities(IoCapabilities ioCapabilities);
+
+    /**
+     * Make the device refuse connections. By default, connections are accepted.
+     *
+     * @param refuse Connections are refused if True.
+     */
+    Bluelet setRefuseConnections(boolean refuse);
+
+    /**
+     * Make the device refuse GATT connections. By default. connections are accepted.
+     *
+     * @param refuse GATT connections are refused if true.
+     */
+    Bluelet setRefuseGattConnections(boolean refuse);
+
+    /**
+     * When to send the ACTION_UUID broadcast. This can be {@link FetchUuidsTiming#BEFORE_BONDING},
+     * {@link FetchUuidsTiming#AFTER_BONDING}, or {@link FetchUuidsTiming#NEVER}. The default is
+     * {@link FetchUuidsTiming#AFTER_BONDING}.
+     */
+    Bluelet setFetchUuidsTiming(FetchUuidsTiming fetchUuidsTiming);
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a bonded device to the BluetoothAdapter.
+     */
+    Bluelet addBondedDevice(String address);
+
+    /**
+     * Enables the CVE-2019-2225 represents that the pairing variant will switch from Just Works to
+     * Consent when local device's io capability is Display Yes/No and remote is NoInputNoOutput.
+     *
+     * @see <a href="https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2019-12-01#system">the security
+     * bulletin at 2019-12-01</a>
+     */
+    Bluelet enableCVE20192225(boolean value);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/DeviceShadowEnvironment.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/DeviceShadowEnvironment.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..513d649
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/DeviceShadowEnvironment.java
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Enums.Distance;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+
+/**
+ * Environment to setup and config Bluetooth unit test.
+ */
+public class DeviceShadowEnvironment {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "DeviceShadowEnvironment";
+    private static final long RESET_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 3000;
+
+    private static boolean sIsInitialized = false;
+
+    private DeviceShadowEnvironment() {
+    }
+
+    public static void init() {
+        sIsInitialized = true;
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.reset();
+    }
+
+    public static void reset() {
+        sIsInitialized = false;
+
+        // Order matters because each steps check and manipulate internal objects in order.
+        // Wait Scheduler and executors complete, and shut down executors.
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.await(RESET_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
+
+        // Throw RuntimeException if there is any internal exceptions.
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.checkInternalExceptions();
+
+        // Clear internal exceptions, and devicelets.
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.reset();
+    }
+
+    public static boolean await(long timeoutMillis) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.await(timeoutMillis);
+    }
+
+    public static Devicelet addDevice(final String address) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.addDevice(address);
+    }
+
+    public static void removeDevice(String address) {
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.removeDevice(address);
+    }
+
+    public static void setLocalDevice(final String address) {
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.setLocalDevice(address);
+    }
+
+    public static void putNear(String address1, String address2) {
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.setDistance(address1, address2, Distance.NEAR);
+    }
+
+    public static void setDistance(String address1, String address2, Distance distance) {
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.setDistance(address1, address2, distance);
+    }
+
+    public static Future<Void> run(final String address, final Runnable snippet) {
+        return run(
+                address,
+                () -> {
+                    snippet.run();
+                    return null;
+                });
+    }
+
+    public static <T> Future<T> run(final String address, final Callable<T> snippet) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.run(address, snippet);
+    }
+
+    /* package */
+    static boolean isInitialized() {
+        return sIsInitialized;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5f8e6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.sms.SmsContentProvider;
+
+/**
+ * Internal interface for device shadower.
+ */
+public class DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal {
+
+    /**
+     * Set an interruptible point to tested code.
+     * <p>
+     * This should only make changes when DeviceShadowEnvironment initialized, which means only in
+     * test cases.
+     */
+    public static void setInterruptibleBluetooth(int identifier) {
+        if (DeviceShadowEnvironment.isInitialized()) {
+            assert identifier > 0;
+            DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.setInterruptibleBluetooth(identifier);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Mark all bluetooth operation broken after identifier in tested code.
+     */
+    public static void interruptBluetooth(String address, int identifier) {
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.interruptBluetooth(address, identifier);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return SMS content provider to be registered by robolectric context.
+     */
+    public static Class<SmsContentProvider> getSmsContentProviderClass() {
+        return SmsContentProvider.class;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Devicelet.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Devicelet.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf31ead
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Devicelet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower;
+
+/**
+ * Devicelet is the handler to operate shadowed device objects in DeviceShadower.
+ */
+public interface Devicelet {
+
+    Bluelet bluetooth();
+
+    Nfclet nfc();
+
+    Smslet sms();
+
+    String getAddress();
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Enums.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Enums.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9eb3514
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Enums.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower;
+
+/**
+ * Contains Enums used by DeviceShadower in interface and internally.
+ */
+public interface Enums {
+
+    /**
+     * Represents vague distance between two devicelets.
+     */
+    enum Distance {
+        NEAR,
+        MID,
+        FAR,
+        AWAY,
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Abstract base interface for operations.
+     */
+    interface Operation {
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * NFC operations.
+     */
+    enum NfcOperation implements Operation {
+        GET_ADAPTER,
+        ENABLE,
+        DISABLE,
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Nfclet.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Nfclet.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b00f24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Nfclet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower;
+
+/**
+ * Interface of Nfclet
+ */
+public interface Nfclet {
+
+    Nfclet setInitialState(int state);
+
+    Nfclet setInterruptOperation(Enums.NfcOperation operation);
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Smslet.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Smslet.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..483fab6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/Smslet.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower;
+
+import android.net.Uri;
+
+/**
+ * Interface of Smslet
+ */
+public interface Smslet {
+
+    Smslet addSms(Uri uri, String body);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetooth.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetooth.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be8390e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetooth.java
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.content.AttributionSource;
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+
+/**
+ * Fake interface replacement for hidden IBluetooth class
+ */
+public interface IBluetooth {
+
+    // Bluetooth settings.
+    String getAddress();
+
+    String getName();
+
+    boolean setName(String name);
+
+    // Remote device properties.
+    int getRemoteClass(BluetoothDevice device);
+
+    String getRemoteName(BluetoothDevice device);
+
+    int getRemoteType(BluetoothDevice device, AttributionSource attributionSource);
+
+    ParcelUuid[] getRemoteUuids(BluetoothDevice device);
+
+    boolean fetchRemoteUuids(BluetoothDevice device);
+
+    // Bluetooth discovery.
+    int getScanMode();
+
+    boolean setScanMode(int mode, int duration);
+
+    int getDiscoverableTimeout();
+
+    boolean setDiscoverableTimeout(int timeout);
+
+    boolean startDiscovery();
+
+    boolean cancelDiscovery();
+
+    boolean isDiscovering();
+
+    // Adapter state.
+    boolean isEnabled();
+
+    int getState();
+
+    boolean enable();
+
+    boolean disable();
+
+    // Rfcomm sockets.
+    ParcelFileDescriptor connectSocket(BluetoothDevice device, int type, ParcelUuid uuid,
+            int port, int flag);
+
+    ParcelFileDescriptor createSocketChannel(int type, String serviceName, ParcelUuid uuid,
+            int port, int flag);
+
+    // BLE settings.
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */ boolean isMultiAdvertisementSupported();
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 22 */ boolean isPeripheralModeSupported();
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */  boolean isOffloadedFilteringSupported();
+
+    // Bonding (pairing).
+    int getBondState(BluetoothDevice device, AttributionSource attributionSource);
+
+    boolean createBond(BluetoothDevice device, int transport, OobData remoteP192Data,
+            OobData remoteP256Data, AttributionSource attributionSource);
+
+    boolean setPairingConfirmation(BluetoothDevice device, boolean accept,
+            AttributionSource attributionSource);
+
+    boolean setPasskey(BluetoothDevice device, int passkey);
+
+    boolean cancelBondProcess(BluetoothDevice device);
+
+    boolean removeBond(BluetoothDevice device);
+
+    BluetoothDevice[] getBondedDevices();
+
+    // Connecting to profiles.
+    int getAdapterConnectionState();
+
+    int getProfileConnectionState(int profile);
+
+    // Access permissions
+    int getPhonebookAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device);
+
+    boolean setPhonebookAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device, int value);
+
+    int getMessageAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device);
+
+    boolean setMessageAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device, int value);
+
+    int getSimAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device);
+
+    boolean setSimAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device, int value);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothGatt.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothGatt.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16e4f01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothGatt.java
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanSettings;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Fake interface replacement for IBluetoothGatt
+ * TODO(b/200231384): include >=N interface.
+ */
+public interface IBluetoothGatt {
+
+    /* ONLY SDK 23 */
+    void startScan(int appIf, boolean isServer, ScanSettings settings,
+            List<ScanFilter> filters, List<?> scanStorages, String callPackage);
+
+    /* ONLY SDK 21 */
+    void startScan(int appIf, boolean isServer, ScanSettings settings,
+            List<ScanFilter> filters, List<?> scanStorages);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void stopScan(int appIf, boolean isServer);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void startMultiAdvertising(
+            int appIf, AdvertiseData advertiseData, AdvertiseData scanResponse,
+            AdvertiseSettings settings);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void stopMultiAdvertising(int appIf);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void registerClient(ParcelUuid appId, IBluetoothGattCallback callback);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void unregisterClient(int clientIf);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void clientConnect(int clientIf, String address, boolean isDirect, int transport);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void clientDisconnect(int clientIf, String address);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void discoverServices(int clientIf, String address);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void readCharacteristic(int clientIf, String address, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstanceId, ParcelUuid srvcId, int charInstanceId, ParcelUuid charId,
+            int authReq);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void writeCharacteristic(int clientIf, String address, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstanceId, ParcelUuid srvcId, int charInstanceId, ParcelUuid charId,
+            int writeType, int authReq, byte[] value);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void readDescriptor(int clientIf, String address, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstanceId, ParcelUuid srvcId, int charInstanceId, ParcelUuid charId,
+            int descrInstanceId, ParcelUuid descrUuid, int authReq);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void writeDescriptor(int clientIf, String address, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstanceId, ParcelUuid srvcId, int charInstanceId, ParcelUuid charId,
+            int descrInstanceId, ParcelUuid descrId, int writeType, int authReq, byte[] value);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void registerForNotification(int clientIf, String address, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstanceId, ParcelUuid srvcId, int charInstanceId, ParcelUuid charId,
+            boolean enable);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void registerServer(ParcelUuid appId, IBluetoothGattServerCallback callback);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void unregisterServer(int serverIf);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void serverConnect(int servertIf, String address, boolean isDirect, int transport);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void serverDisconnect(int serverIf, String address);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void beginServiceDeclaration(int serverIf, int srvcType, int srvcInstanceId, int minHandles,
+            ParcelUuid srvcId, boolean advertisePreferred);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void addIncludedService(int serverIf, int srvcType, int srvcInstanceId, ParcelUuid srvcId);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void addCharacteristic(int serverIf, ParcelUuid charId, int properties, int permissions);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void addDescriptor(int serverIf, ParcelUuid descId, int permissions);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void endServiceDeclaration(int serverIf);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void removeService(int serverIf, int srvcType, int srvcInstanceId, ParcelUuid srvcId);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void clearServices(int serverIf);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void sendResponse(int serverIf, String address, int requestId,
+            int status, int offset, byte[] value);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void sendNotification(int serverIf, String address, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstanceId, ParcelUuid srvcId, int charInstanceId, ParcelUuid charId,
+            boolean confirm, byte[] value);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void configureMTU(int clientIf, String address, int mtu);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void connectionParameterUpdate(int clientIf, String address, int connectionPriority);
+
+    void disconnectAll();
+
+    List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothGattCallback.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothGattCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b29369b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothGattCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+
+/**
+ * Fake interface replacement for IBluetoothGattCallback
+ * TODO(b/200231384): include >=N interface.
+ */
+public interface IBluetoothGattCallback {
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onClientRegistered(int status, int clientIf);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onClientConnectionState(int status, int clientIf, boolean connected, String address);
+
+    /* ONLY SDK 19 */
+    void onScanResult(String address, int rssi, byte[] advData);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onScanResult(ScanResult scanResult);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onGetService(String address, int srvcType, int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcUuid);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onGetIncludedService(String address, int srvcType, int srvcInstId,
+            ParcelUuid srvcUuid, int inclSrvcType,
+            int inclSrvcInstId, ParcelUuid inclSrvcUuid);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onGetCharacteristic(String address, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcUuid,
+            int charInstId, ParcelUuid charUuid,
+            int charProps);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onGetDescriptor(String address, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcUuid,
+            int charInstId, ParcelUuid charUuid,
+            int descrInstId, ParcelUuid descrUuid);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onSearchComplete(String address, int status);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onCharacteristicRead(String address, int status, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcUuid,
+            int charInstId, ParcelUuid charUuid,
+            byte[] value);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onCharacteristicWrite(String address, int status, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcUuid,
+            int charInstId, ParcelUuid charUuid);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onExecuteWrite(String address, int status);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onDescriptorRead(String address, int status, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcUuid,
+            int charInstId, ParcelUuid charUuid,
+            int descrInstId, ParcelUuid descrUuid,
+            byte[] value);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onDescriptorWrite(String address, int status, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcUuid,
+            int charInstId, ParcelUuid charUuid,
+            int descrInstId, ParcelUuid descrUuid);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onNotify(String address, int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcUuid,
+            int charInstId, ParcelUuid charUuid,
+            byte[] value);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onReadRemoteRssi(String address, int rssi, int status);
+
+    /* SDK 21 */
+    void onMultiAdvertiseCallback(int status, boolean isStart,
+            AdvertiseSettings advertiseSettings);
+
+    /* SDK 21 */
+    void onConfigureMTU(String address, int mtu, int status);
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothGattServerCallback.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothGattServerCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..10b91bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothGattServerCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+
+/**
+ * Fake interface of internal IBluetoothGattServerCallback.
+ */
+public interface IBluetoothGattServerCallback {
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onServerRegistered(int status, int serverIf);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onScanResult(String address, int rssi, byte[] advData);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onServerConnectionState(int status, int serverIf, boolean connected, String address);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onServiceAdded(int status, int srvcType, int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcId);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onCharacteristicReadRequest(String address, int transId, int offset, boolean isLong,
+            int srvcType, int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcId, int charInstId, ParcelUuid charId);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onDescriptorReadRequest(String address, int transId, int offset, boolean isLong,
+            int srvcType, int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcId,
+            int charInstId, ParcelUuid charId, ParcelUuid descrId);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(String address, int transId, int offset, int length,
+            boolean isPrep, boolean needRsp, int srvcType, int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcId,
+            int charInstId, ParcelUuid charId, byte[] value);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onDescriptorWriteRequest(String address, int transId, int offset, int length,
+            boolean isPrep, boolean needRsp, int srvcType, int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcId,
+            int charInstId, ParcelUuid charId, ParcelUuid descrId, byte[] value);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onExecuteWrite(String address, int transId, boolean execWrite);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 21 */
+    void onNotificationSent(String address, int status);
+
+    /* SINCE SDK 22 */
+    void onMtuChanged(String address, int mtu);
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothManager.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6bb2209
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Intentionally in package android.bluetooth to fake existing interface in Android.
+ */
+package android.bluetooth;
+
+/**
+ * Fake interface for IBluetoothManager.
+ */
+public interface IBluetoothManager {
+
+    boolean enable();
+
+    boolean disable(boolean persist);
+
+    String getAddress();
+
+    String getName();
+
+    IBluetooth registerAdapter(IBluetoothManagerCallback callback);
+
+    IBluetoothGatt getBluetoothGatt();
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothManagerCallback.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothManagerCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f39b82f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/bluetooth/IBluetoothManagerCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.bluetooth;
+
+/**
+ * Fake interface replacement for hidden IBluetoothManagerCallback class
+ */
+public interface IBluetoothManagerCallback {
+
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/nfc/BeamShareData.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/nfc/BeamShareData.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5357a9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/nfc/BeamShareData.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nfc;
+
+import android.net.Uri;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
+
+/**
+ * Fake BeamShareData.
+ */
+public class BeamShareData {
+
+    public NdefMessage ndefMessage;
+    public Uri[] uris;
+    public UserHandle userHandle;
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/nfc/IAppCallback.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/nfc/IAppCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b62f19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/nfc/IAppCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nfc;
+
+/**
+ * Fake interface for nfc service.
+ */
+public interface IAppCallback {
+
+    /* M */ void onNdefPushComplete(byte peerLlcpVersion);
+
+    /* M */ BeamShareData createBeamShareData(byte peerLlcpVersion);
+
+    /* L */ void onNdefPushComplete();
+
+    /* L */ BeamShareData createBeamShareData();
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/nfc/INfcAdapter.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/nfc/INfcAdapter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08acdbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/fakes/android/nfc/INfcAdapter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nfc;
+
+/**
+ * Fake interface of INfcAdapter
+ */
+public interface INfcAdapter {
+
+    void setAppCallback(IAppCallback callback);
+
+    boolean enable();
+
+    boolean disable(boolean saveState);
+
+    int getState();
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BleAdvertiser.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BleAdvertiser.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3328c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BleAdvertiser.java
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironment;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+
+/**
+ * Helper class to operate a device as BLE advertiser.
+ */
+public class BleAdvertiser {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "BleAdvertiser";
+
+    private static final int DEFAULT_MODE = AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_BALANCED;
+    private static final int DEFAULT_TX_POWER_LEVEL = AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH;
+    private static final boolean DEFAULT_CONNECTABLE = true;
+    private static final int DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 0;
+
+
+    /**
+     * Callback of {@link BleAdvertiser}.
+     */
+    public interface Callback {
+
+        void onStartFailure(String address, int errorCode);
+
+        void onStartSuccess(String address, AdvertiseSettings settingsInEffect);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder class of {@link BleAdvertiser}.
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+
+        private final String mAddress;
+        private final Callback mCallback;
+        private AdvertiseSettings mSettings = defaultSettings();
+        private AdvertiseData mData;
+        private AdvertiseData mResponse;
+
+        public Builder(String address, Callback callback) {
+            this.mAddress = Preconditions.checkNotNull(address);
+            this.mCallback = Preconditions.checkNotNull(callback);
+        }
+
+        public Builder setAdvertiseSettings(AdvertiseSettings settings) {
+            this.mSettings = settings;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Builder setAdvertiseData(AdvertiseData data) {
+            this.mData = data;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Builder setResponseData(AdvertiseData response) {
+            this.mResponse = response;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public BleAdvertiser build() {
+            return new BleAdvertiser(mAddress, mCallback, mSettings, mData, mResponse);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static AdvertiseSettings defaultSettings() {
+        return new AdvertiseSettings.Builder()
+                .setAdvertiseMode(DEFAULT_MODE)
+                .setConnectable(DEFAULT_CONNECTABLE)
+                .setTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT)
+                .setTxPowerLevel(DEFAULT_TX_POWER_LEVEL).build();
+    }
+
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final Callback mCallback;
+    private final AdvertiseSettings mSettings;
+    private final AdvertiseData mData;
+    private final AdvertiseData mResponse;
+    private final CountDownLatch mStartAdvertiseLatch;
+    private BluetoothLeAdvertiser mAdvertiser;
+
+    private BleAdvertiser(String address, Callback callback, AdvertiseSettings settings,
+            AdvertiseData data, AdvertiseData response) {
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mCallback = callback;
+        this.mSettings = settings;
+        this.mData = data;
+        this.mResponse = response;
+        mStartAdvertiseLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.addDevice(address).bluetooth()
+                .setAdapterInitialState(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts advertising.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> start() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mAdvertiser = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();
+                mAdvertiser.startAdvertising(mSettings, mData, mResponse, mAdvertiseCallback);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stops advertising.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> stop() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mAdvertiser.stopAdvertising(mAdvertiseCallback);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public void waitTillAdvertiseCompleted() {
+        try {
+            mStartAdvertiseLatch.await();
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fails to wait till advertise completed: ", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final AdvertiseCallback mAdvertiseCallback = new AdvertiseCallback() {
+        @Override
+        public void onStartSuccess(AdvertiseSettings settingsInEffect) {
+            Log.v(TAG,
+                    String.format("onStartSuccess(settingsInEffect: %s) on %s ", settingsInEffect,
+                            mAddress));
+            mCallback.onStartSuccess(mAddress, settingsInEffect);
+            mStartAdvertiseLatch.countDown();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onStartFailure(int errorCode) {
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("onStartFailure(errorCode: %d) on %s", errorCode, mAddress));
+            mCallback.onStartFailure(mAddress, errorCode);
+            mStartAdvertiseLatch.countDown();
+        }
+    };
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BleScanner.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BleScanner.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a44c2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BleScanner.java
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanSettings;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironment;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Helper class to operate a device as BLE scanner.
+ */
+public class BleScanner {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "BleScanner";
+
+    private static final int DEFAULT_MODE = ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY;
+    private static final int DEFAULT_CALLBACK_TYPE = ScanSettings.CALLBACK_TYPE_ALL_MATCHES;
+    private static final long DEFAULT_DELAY = 0L;
+
+    /**
+     * Callback of {@link BleScanner}.
+     */
+    public interface Callback {
+
+        void onScanResult(String address, int callbackType, ScanResult result);
+
+        void onBatchScanResults(String address, List<ScanResult> results);
+
+        void onScanFailed(String address, int errorCode);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Builder class of {@link BleScanner}.
+     */
+    public static final class Builder {
+
+        private final String mAddress;
+        private final Callback mCallback;
+        private ScanSettings mSettings = defaultSettings();
+        private List<ScanFilter> mFilters;
+        private int mNumOfExpectedScanCallbacks = 1;
+
+        public Builder(String address, Callback callback) {
+            this.mAddress = Preconditions.checkNotNull(address);
+            this.mCallback = Preconditions.checkNotNull(callback);
+        }
+
+        public Builder setScanSettings(ScanSettings settings) {
+            this.mSettings = settings;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Builder addScanFilter(ScanFilter... filterArgs) {
+            if (this.mFilters == null) {
+                this.mFilters = new ArrayList<>();
+            }
+            for (ScanFilter filter : filterArgs) {
+                this.mFilters.add(filter);
+            }
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets number of expected scan result callback.
+         *
+         * @param num Number of expected scan result callback, default to 1.
+         */
+        public Builder setNumOfExpectedScanCallbacks(int num) {
+            mNumOfExpectedScanCallbacks = num;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public BleScanner build() {
+            return new BleScanner(
+                    mAddress, mCallback, mSettings, mFilters, mNumOfExpectedScanCallbacks);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static ScanSettings defaultSettings() {
+        return new ScanSettings.Builder()
+                .setScanMode(DEFAULT_MODE)
+                .setCallbackType(DEFAULT_CALLBACK_TYPE)
+                .setReportDelay(DEFAULT_DELAY).build();
+    }
+
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final Callback mCallback;
+    private final ScanSettings mSettings;
+    private final List<ScanFilter> mFilters;
+    private final BlockingQueue<Integer> mScanResultCounts;
+    private int mNumOfExpectedScanCallbacks;
+    private int mNumOfReceivedScanCallbacks;
+    private BluetoothLeScanner mScanner;
+
+    private BleScanner(String address, Callback callback, ScanSettings settings,
+            List<ScanFilter> filters, int numOfExpectedScanResult) {
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mCallback = callback;
+        this.mSettings = settings;
+        this.mFilters = filters;
+        this.mNumOfExpectedScanCallbacks = numOfExpectedScanResult;
+        this.mNumOfReceivedScanCallbacks = 0;
+        this.mScanResultCounts = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(numOfExpectedScanResult);
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.addDevice(address).bluetooth()
+                .setAdapterInitialState(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON);
+    }
+
+    public Future<Void> start() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mScanner = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getBluetoothLeScanner();
+                mScanner.startScan(mFilters, mSettings, mScanCallback);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public void waitTillNextScanResult(long timeoutMillis) {
+        Integer result = null;
+        if (mNumOfReceivedScanCallbacks >= mNumOfExpectedScanCallbacks) {
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            if (timeoutMillis < 0) {
+                result = mScanResultCounts.take();
+            } else {
+                result = mScanResultCounts.poll(timeoutMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            }
+            if (result != null && result >= 0) {
+                mNumOfReceivedScanCallbacks++;
+            }
+            Log.v(TAG, "Scan results: " + result);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fails to wait till next scan result: ", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void waitTillNextScanResult() {
+        waitTillNextScanResult(-1);
+    }
+
+    public void waitTillAllScanResults() {
+        while (mNumOfReceivedScanCallbacks < mNumOfExpectedScanCallbacks) {
+            try {
+                if (mScanResultCounts.take() >= 0) {
+                    mNumOfReceivedScanCallbacks++;
+                }
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                Log.w(TAG, String.format("%s fails to wait scan result", mAddress), e);
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Future<Void> stop() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mScanner = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getBluetoothLeScanner();
+                mScanner.stopScan(mScanCallback);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private final ScanCallback mScanCallback = new ScanCallback() {
+        @Override
+        public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("onScanResult(callbackType: %d, result: %s) on %s",
+                    callbackType, result, mAddress));
+            mCallback.onScanResult(mAddress, callbackType, result);
+            try {
+                mScanResultCounts.put(1);
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                // no-op.
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onBatchScanResults(List<ScanResult> results) {
+            /**** Not supported yet.
+             Log.v(TAG, String.format("onBatchScanResults(results: %s) on %s",
+             Arrays.toString(results.toArray()), address));
+             callback.onBatchScanResults(address, results);
+             try {
+             scanResultCounts.put(results.size());
+             } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+             // no-op.
+             }
+             */
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onScanFailed(int errorCode) {
+            /**** Not supported yet.
+             Log.v(TAG, String.format("onScanFailed(errorCode: %d) on %s", errorCode, address));
+             callback.onScanFailed(address, errorCode);
+             try {
+             scanResultCounts.put(-1);
+             } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+             // no-op.
+             }
+             */
+        }
+    };
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothGattClient.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothGattClient.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69e77af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothGattClient.java
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironment;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Helper class to operate a device as gatt client.
+ */
+public class BluetoothGattClient {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "BluetoothGattClient";
+    private static final int LATCH_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 1000;
+
+    /**
+     * Callback of BluetoothGattClient.
+     */
+    public interface Callback {
+
+        void onConnectionStateChange(String address, int status, int newState);
+
+        void onCharacteristicChanged(String address, UUID uuid, byte[] value);
+
+        void onCharacteristicRead(String address, UUID uuid, byte[] value, int status);
+
+        void onCharacteristicWrite(String address, UUID uuid, byte[] value, int status);
+
+        void onDescriptorRead(String address, UUID uuid, byte[] value, int status);
+
+        void onDescriptorWrite(String address, UUID uuid, byte[] value, int status);
+
+        void onServicesDiscovered(
+                UUID[] serviceUuid, UUID[] characteristicUuid, UUID[] descriptorUuid, int status);
+
+        void onConfigureMTU(String address, int mtu, int status);
+    }
+
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final Callback mCallback;
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final Map<UUID, BluetoothGattCharacteristic> mCharacteristics = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<UUID, BluetoothGattDescriptor> mDescriptors = new HashMap<>();
+    private BluetoothGatt mGatt;
+    private CountDownLatch mConnectionLatch;
+    private CountDownLatch mServiceDiscoverLatch;
+
+    public BluetoothGattClient(String address, Callback callback, Context context) {
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mCallback = callback;
+        this.mContext = context;
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.addDevice(address).bluetooth()
+                .setAdapterInitialState(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON);
+    }
+
+    public Future<Void> connect(final String remoteAddress) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mConnectionLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+                mGatt = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice(remoteAddress)
+                        .connectGatt(mContext, false /* auto connect */, mGattCallback);
+                try {
+                    mConnectionLatch.await(LATCH_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                    // no-op.
+                }
+
+                mServiceDiscoverLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+                mGatt.discoverServices();
+                try {
+                    mServiceDiscoverLatch.await(LATCH_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                    // no-op.
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public Future<Void> close() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mGatt.disconnect();
+                mGatt.close();
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public Future<Void> readCharacteristic(final UUID uuid) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mGatt.readCharacteristic(mCharacteristics.get(uuid));
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public Future<Void> setNotification(final UUID uuid) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(mCharacteristics.get(uuid), true);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public Future<Void> writeCharacteristic(final UUID uuid, final byte[] value) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic = mCharacteristics.get(uuid);
+                characteristic.setValue(value);
+                mGatt.writeCharacteristic(characteristic);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads the value of a descriptor with given UUID.
+     *
+     * <p>If different characteristics on the service have the same descriptor, use {@link
+     * BluetoothGattClient#readDescriptor(UUID, UUID)} instead.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> readDescriptor(final UUID uuid) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mGatt.readDescriptor(mDescriptors.get(uuid));
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads the descriptor value of the specified characteristic.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> readDescriptor(final UUID descriptorUuid, final UUID characteristicUuid) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(
+                mAddress,
+                new Runnable() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() {
+                        mGatt.readDescriptor(
+                                mCharacteristics.get(characteristicUuid)
+                                        .getDescriptor(descriptorUuid));
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes to the descriptor with given UUID.
+     *
+     * <p>If different characteristics on the service have the same descriptor, use {@link
+     * BluetoothGattClient#writeDescriptor(UUID, UUID, byte[])} instead.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> writeDescriptor(final UUID uuid, final byte[] value) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = mDescriptors.get(uuid);
+                descriptor.setValue(value);
+                mGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes to the descriptor of the specified characteristic.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> writeDescriptor(
+            final UUID descriptorUuid, final UUID characteristicUuid, final byte[] value) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(
+                mAddress,
+                new Runnable() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() {
+                        BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor =
+                                mCharacteristics.get(characteristicUuid)
+                                        .getDescriptor(descriptorUuid);
+                        descriptor.setValue(value);
+                        mGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor);
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    public Future<Void> requestMtu(int mtu) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mGatt.requestMtu(mtu);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
+        @Override
+        public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("onConnectionStateChange(status: %s, newState: %s)",
+                    status, newState));
+            if (mConnectionLatch != null) {
+                mConnectionLatch.countDown();
+            }
+            mCallback.onConnectionStateChange(gatt.getDevice().getAddress(), status, newState);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicChanged(
+                BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("onCharacteristicChanged(characteristic: %s, value: %s)",
+                    characteristic.getUuid(), Arrays.toString(characteristic.getValue())));
+            mCallback.onCharacteristicChanged(
+                    gatt.getDevice().getAddress(), characteristic.getUuid(),
+                    characteristic.getValue());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicRead(
+                BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("onCharacteristicRead(descriptor: %s, status: %s)",
+                    characteristic.getUuid(), status));
+            mCallback.onCharacteristicRead(
+                    gatt.getDevice().getAddress(), characteristic.getUuid(),
+                    characteristic.getValue(),
+                    status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicWrite(
+                BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("onCharacteristicWrite(descriptor: %s, status: %s)",
+                    characteristic.getUuid(), status));
+            mCallback.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt.getDevice().getAddress(),
+                    characteristic.getUuid(), characteristic.getValue(), status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorRead(
+                BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("onDescriptorRead(descriptor: %s, status: %s)",
+                    descriptor.getUuid(), status));
+            mCallback.onDescriptorRead(
+                    gatt.getDevice().getAddress(), descriptor.getUuid(), descriptor.getValue(),
+                    status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorWrite(
+                BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("onDescriptorWrite(descriptor: %s, status: %s)",
+                    descriptor.getUuid(), status));
+            mCallback.onDescriptorWrite(
+                    gatt.getDevice().getAddress(), descriptor.getUuid(), descriptor.getValue(),
+                    status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public synchronized void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
+            Log.v(TAG, "Discovered service: " + gatt.getServices());
+            List<UUID> serviceUuid = new ArrayList<>();
+            List<UUID> characteristicUuid = new ArrayList<>();
+            List<UUID> descriptorUuid = new ArrayList<>();
+            for (BluetoothGattService service : gatt.getServices()) {
+                serviceUuid.add(service.getUuid());
+                for (BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic : service.getCharacteristics()) {
+                    mCharacteristics.put(characteristic.getUuid(), characteristic);
+                    characteristicUuid.add(characteristic.getUuid());
+                    for (BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor : characteristic.getDescriptors()) {
+                        mDescriptors.put(descriptor.getUuid(), descriptor);
+                        descriptorUuid.add(descriptor.getUuid());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            Collections.sort(serviceUuid);
+            Collections.sort(characteristicUuid);
+            Collections.sort(descriptorUuid);
+
+            mCallback.onServicesDiscovered(serviceUuid.toArray(new UUID[serviceUuid.size()]),
+                    characteristicUuid.toArray(new UUID[characteristicUuid.size()]),
+                    descriptorUuid.toArray(new UUID[descriptorUuid.size()]),
+                    status);
+            mServiceDiscoverLatch.countDown();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, int mtu, int status) {
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("onMtuChanged(mtu: %s, status: %s)", mtu, status));
+            mCallback.onConfigureMTU(gatt.getDevice().getAddress(), mtu, status);
+        }
+    };
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothGattMaster.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothGattMaster.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9f364a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothGattMaster.java
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironment;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+
+/**
+ * Helper class to operate a device as gatt server.
+ */
+public class BluetoothGattMaster {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "BluetoothGattMaster";
+
+    /**
+     * Callback of BluetoothGattMaster.
+     */
+    public interface Callback {
+
+        void onConnectionStateChange(String address, int status, int newState);
+
+        void onCharacteristicReadRequest(String address, UUID uuid);
+
+        void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(String address, UUID uuid, byte[] value,
+                boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded);
+
+        void onDescriptorReadRequest(String address, UUID uuid);
+
+        void onDescriptorWriteRequest(String address, UUID uuid, byte[] value,
+                boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded);
+
+        void onNotificationSent(String address, int status);
+
+        void onExecuteWrite(String address, boolean execute);
+
+        void onServiceAdded(UUID uuid, int status);
+
+        void onMtuChanged(String address, int mtu);
+    }
+
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final Callback mCallback;
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private BluetoothGattServer mGattServer;
+    private final Map<UUID, BluetoothGattCharacteristic> mCharacteristics = new HashMap<>();
+
+    public BluetoothGattMaster(String address, Callback callback, Context context) {
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mCallback = callback;
+        this.mContext = context;
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.addDevice(address).bluetooth()
+                .setAdapterInitialState(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON);
+    }
+
+    public Future<Void> start(final BluetoothGattService service) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                BluetoothManager manager = mContext.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class);
+                mGattServer = manager.openGattServer(mContext, mGattServerCallback);
+                mGattServer.addService(service);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public Future<Void> stop() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mGattServer.close();
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public Future<Void> notifyCharacteristic(
+            final String remoteAddress, final UUID uuid, final byte[] value,
+            final boolean confirm) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic = mCharacteristics.get(uuid);
+                characteristic.setValue(value);
+                mGattServer.notifyCharacteristicChanged(
+                        BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice(remoteAddress),
+                        characteristic, confirm);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private BluetoothGattServerCallback mGattServerCallback = new BluetoothGattServerCallback() {
+        @Override
+        public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int status, int newState) {
+            String address = device.getAddress();
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format(
+                    "BluetoothGattServerManager.onConnectionStateChange on %s: status %d,"
+                            + " newState %d", address, status, newState));
+            mCallback.onConnectionStateChange(address, status, newState);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset,
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
+            String address = device.getAddress();
+            UUID uuid = characteristic.getUuid();
+            Log.v(TAG,
+                    String.format("BluetoothGattServerManager.onCharacteristicReadRequest on %s: "
+                                    + "characteristic %s, request %d, offset %d",
+                            address, uuid, requestId, offset));
+            mCallback.onCharacteristicReadRequest(address, uuid);
+            mGattServer.sendResponse(
+                    device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset,
+                    characteristic.getValue());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId,
+                BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean preparedWrite,
+                boolean responseNeeded,
+                int offset, byte[] value) {
+            String address = device.getAddress();
+            UUID uuid = characteristic.getUuid();
+            Log.v(TAG,
+                    String.format("BluetoothGattServerManager.onCharacteristicWriteRequest on %s: "
+                                    + "characteristic %s, request %d, offset %d, preparedWrite %b, "
+                                    + "responseNeeded %b",
+                            address, uuid, requestId, offset, preparedWrite, responseNeeded));
+            mCallback.onCharacteristicWriteRequest(address, uuid, value, preparedWrite,
+                    responseNeeded);
+
+            if (responseNeeded) {
+                mGattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset,
+                        null);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset,
+                BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) {
+            String address = device.getAddress();
+            UUID uuid = descriptor.getUuid();
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("BluetoothGattServerManager.onDescriptorReadRequest on %s: "
+                            + " descriptor %s, requestId %d, offset %d",
+                    address, uuid, requestId, offset));
+            mCallback.onDescriptorReadRequest(address, uuid);
+            mGattServer.sendResponse(
+                    device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset, descriptor.getValue());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDescriptorWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId,
+                BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded,
+                int offset, byte[] value) {
+            String address = device.getAddress();
+            UUID uuid = descriptor.getUuid();
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("BluetoothGattServerManager.onDescriptorWriteRequest on %s: "
+                            + "descriptor %s, requestId %d, offset %d, preparedWrite %b, "
+                            + "responseNeeded %b",
+                    address, uuid, requestId, offset, preparedWrite, responseNeeded));
+            mCallback.onDescriptorWriteRequest(address, uuid, value, preparedWrite, responseNeeded);
+
+            if (responseNeeded) {
+                mGattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset,
+                        null);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onNotificationSent(BluetoothDevice device, int status) {
+            String address = device.getAddress();
+            Log.v(TAG,
+                    String.format("BluetoothGattServerManager.onNotificationSent on %s: status %d",
+                            address, status));
+            mCallback.onNotificationSent(address, status);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onExecuteWrite(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, boolean execute) {
+            /*** Not implemented yet
+             String address = device.getAddress();
+             Log.v(TAG, String.format(
+             "BluetoothGattServerManager.onExecuteWrite on %s: requestId %d, execute %b",
+             address, requestId, execute));
+             callback.onExecuteWrite(address, execute);
+             */
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onServiceAdded(int status, BluetoothGattService service) {
+            UUID uuid = service.getUuid();
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format(
+                    "BluetoothGattServerManager.onServiceAdded: service %s, status %d",
+                    uuid, status));
+            mCallback.onServiceAdded(uuid, status);
+
+            for (BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic : service.getCharacteristics()) {
+                mCharacteristics.put(characteristic.getUuid(), characteristic);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothDevice device, int mtu) {
+            Log.v(TAG, String.format("onMtuChanged(mtu: %s)", mtu));
+            mCallback.onMtuChanged(device.getAddress(), mtu);
+        }
+    };
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothRfcommAcceptor.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothRfcommAcceptor.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5204c2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothRfcommAcceptor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironment;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.utils.IOUtils;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Queue;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+
+/**
+ * Helper class to operate a device with basic functionality to accept BluetoothRfcommConnection.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * Usage: // Create a virtual device to accept incoming connection. BluetoothRfcommAcceptor acceptor
+ * = new BluetoothRfcommAcceptor(address, uuid, callback); // Start accepting incoming connection,
+ * with given uuid. acceptor.start(); // Connector needs to wait till acceptor started to make sure
+ * there is a server socket created. acceptor.waitTillServerSocketStarted();
+ *
+ * // Connector can initiate connection.
+ *
+ * // A blocking call to wait for connection. acceptor.waitTillConnected();
+ *
+ * // Acceptor sends a message acceptor.send("Hello".getBytes());
+ *
+ * // Cancel acceptor to release all blocking calls. acceptor.cancel();
+ */
+public class BluetoothRfcommAcceptor {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "BluetoothRfcommAcceptor";
+
+    /**
+     * Identifiers to control Bluetooth operation.
+     */
+    public static final int PRE_START = 4;
+    public static final int PRE_ACCEPT = 1;
+    public static final int PRE_WRITE = 3;
+    public static final int PRE_READ = 2;
+
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final UUID mUuid;
+    private BluetoothSocket mSocket;
+    private BluetoothServerSocket mServerSocket;
+
+    private final AtomicBoolean mCancelled;
+    private final Callback mCallback;
+    private final CountDownLatch mStartLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+    private final CountDownLatch mConnectLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+    private final Queue<CountDownLatch> mReadLatches = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Callback of BluetoothRfcommAcceptor.
+     */
+    public interface Callback {
+
+        void onSocketAccepted(BluetoothSocket socket);
+
+        void onDataReceived(byte[] data);
+
+        void onDataWritten(byte[] data);
+
+        void onError(Exception exception);
+    }
+
+    public BluetoothRfcommAcceptor(String address, UUID uuid, Callback callback) {
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mUuid = uuid;
+        this.mCallback = callback;
+        this.mCancelled = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.addDevice(address).bluetooth()
+                .setAdapterInitialState(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start bluetooth server socket, accept incoming connection, and receive incoming data once
+     * connected.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> start() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, mCode);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Blocking call to wait bluetooth server socket started.
+     */
+    public void waitTillServerSocketStarted() {
+        try {
+            mStartLatch.await();
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to wait till started: ", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void waitTillConnected() {
+        try {
+            mConnectLatch.await();
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to wait till started: ", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void waitTillDataReceived() {
+        try {
+            if (mReadLatches.size() > 0) {
+                mReadLatches.poll().await();
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            // no-op
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stop receiving data by closing socket.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> cancel() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mCancelled.set(true);
+                try {
+                    mSocket.close();
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to close server socket", e);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Send data to connected device.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> send(final byte[] data) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                if (mSocket != null) {
+                    try {
+                        DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal.setInterruptibleBluetooth(PRE_WRITE);
+                        IOUtils.write(mSocket.getOutputStream(), data);
+                        Log.d(TAG, mAddress + " write: " + new String(data));
+                        mCallback.onDataWritten(data);
+                    } catch (IOException e) {
+                        Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to write: ", e);
+                        mCallback.onError(new IOException("Fail to write", e));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private Runnable mCode = new Runnable() {
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            try {
+                DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal.setInterruptibleBluetooth(PRE_START);
+                mServerSocket = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+                        .listenUsingInsecureRfcommWithServiceRecord("AA", mUuid);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to start server socket: ", e);
+                mCallback.onError(new IOException("Fail to start server socket", e));
+                return;
+            } finally {
+                mStartLatch.countDown();
+            }
+
+            try {
+                DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal.setInterruptibleBluetooth(PRE_ACCEPT);
+                mSocket = mServerSocket.accept();
+                Log.d(TAG, mAddress + " accept: " + mSocket.getRemoteDevice().getAddress());
+                mCallback.onSocketAccepted(mSocket);
+                mServerSocket.close();
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to connect: ", e);
+                mCallback.onError(new IOException("Fail to connect", e));
+                return;
+            } finally {
+                mConnectLatch.countDown();
+            }
+
+            do {
+                try {
+                    CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+                    mReadLatches.add(latch);
+                    DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal.setInterruptibleBluetooth(PRE_READ);
+                    byte[] data = IOUtils.read(mSocket.getInputStream());
+                    Log.d(TAG, mAddress + " read: " + new String(data));
+                    mCallback.onDataReceived(data);
+                    latch.countDown();
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to read: ", e);
+                    mCallback.onError(new IOException("Fail to read", e));
+                    return;
+                }
+            } while (!mCancelled.get());
+
+            Log.d(TAG, mAddress + " stop receiving");
+        }
+    };
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothRfcommConnector.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothRfcommConnector.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e386d59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/bluetooth/BluetoothRfcommConnector.java
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironment;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.utils.IOUtils;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Queue;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+
+/**
+ * Helper class to operate a device with basic functionality to accept BluetoothRfcommConnection.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * Usage: // Create a virtual device to initiate connection. BluetoothRfcommConnector connector =
+ * new BluetoothRfcommConnector(address, callback); // Start connection to a remote address with
+ * given uuid. connector.start(remoteAddress, remoteUuid);
+ *
+ * // A blocking call to wait for connection. connector.waitTillConnected();
+ *
+ * // Connector sends a message connector.send("Hello".getBytes());
+ *
+ * // Cancel connector to release all blocking calls. connector.cancel();
+ */
+public class BluetoothRfcommConnector {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "BluetoothRfcommConnector";
+
+    /**
+     * Identifiers to control Bluetooth operation.
+     */
+    public static final int PRE_CONNECT = 1;
+    public static final int PRE_READ = 2;
+    public static final int PRE_WRITE = 3;
+
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private String mRemoteAddress = null;
+    private final UUID mRemoteUuid;
+    private BluetoothSocket mSocket;
+
+    private final Callback mCallback;
+    private final AtomicBoolean mCancelled;
+    private final CountDownLatch mConnectLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+    private final Queue<CountDownLatch> mReadLatches = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Callback of BluetoothRfcommConnector.
+     */
+    public interface Callback {
+
+        void onConnected(BluetoothSocket socket);
+
+        void onDataReceived(byte[] data);
+
+        void onDataWritten(byte[] data);
+
+        void onError(Exception exception);
+    }
+
+    public BluetoothRfcommConnector(String address, UUID uuid, Callback callback) {
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mRemoteUuid = uuid;
+        this.mCallback = callback;
+        this.mCancelled = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.addDevice(address).bluetooth()
+                .setAdapterInitialState(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start connection to a remote address, and receive data once connected.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> start(String remoteAddress) {
+        this.mRemoteAddress = remoteAddress;
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, mCode);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stop receiving data.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> cancel() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mCancelled.set(true);
+                try {
+                    mSocket.close();
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to close socket", e);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public void waitTillConnected() {
+        try {
+            mConnectLatch.await();
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to wait till started: ", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void waitTillDataReceived() {
+        try {
+            if (mReadLatches.size() > 0) {
+                mReadLatches.poll().await();
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            // no-op.
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Send data to conneceted device.
+     */
+    public Future<Void> send(final byte[] data) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                if (mSocket != null) {
+                    try {
+                        DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal.setInterruptibleBluetooth(PRE_WRITE);
+                        IOUtils.write(mSocket.getOutputStream(), data);
+                        Log.d(TAG, mAddress + " write: " + new String(data));
+                        mCallback.onDataWritten(data);
+                    } catch (IOException e) {
+                        Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to write: ", e);
+                        mCallback.onError(new IOException("Fail to write", e));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private Runnable mCode = new Runnable() {
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            try {
+                DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal.setInterruptibleBluetooth(PRE_CONNECT);
+                mSocket = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+                        .getRemoteDevice(mRemoteAddress)
+                        .createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(mRemoteUuid);
+                mSocket.connect();
+                Log.d(TAG, mAddress + " accept: " + mSocket.getRemoteDevice().getAddress());
+                mCallback.onConnected(mSocket);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to connect: ", e);
+                mCallback.onError(new IOException("Fail to connect", e));
+            } finally {
+                mConnectLatch.countDown();
+            }
+
+            try {
+                do {
+                    CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+                    mReadLatches.add(latch);
+                    DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal.setInterruptibleBluetooth(PRE_READ);
+                    byte[] data = IOUtils.read(mSocket.getInputStream());
+                    Log.d(TAG, mAddress + " read: " + new String(data));
+                    mCallback.onDataReceived(data);
+                    latch.countDown();
+                } while (!mCancelled.get());
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                Log.w(TAG, mAddress + " fail to read: ", e);
+                mCallback.onError(new IOException("Fail to read", e));
+            }
+            Log.d(TAG, mAddress + " stop receiving");
+        }
+    };
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/nfc/NfcActivity.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/nfc/NfcActivity.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ae4435
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/nfc/NfcActivity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.nfc;
+
+import android.app.Activity;
+
+/**
+ * Activity that triggers or receives NFC events.
+ */
+public class NfcActivity extends Activity {
+
+    private NfcReceiver.Callback mCallback;
+
+    public void setCallback(NfcReceiver.Callback callback) {
+        this.mCallback = callback;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onResume() {
+        super.onResume();
+        NfcReceiver.processIntent(mCallback, getIntent());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/nfc/NfcReceiver.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/nfc/NfcReceiver.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b85a124
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/nfc/NfcReceiver.java
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.nfc;
+
+import android.app.Activity;
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.nfc.NdefMessage;
+import android.nfc.NfcAdapter;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironment;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Helper class to receive NFC events.
+ */
+public class NfcReceiver {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "NfcReceiver";
+
+    /**
+     * Callback to receive message.
+     */
+    public interface Callback {
+
+        void onReceive(String message);
+    }
+
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final Activity mActivity;
+    private CountDownLatch mReceiveLatch;
+
+    private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver;
+    private final IntentFilter mFilter;
+
+    public NfcReceiver(String address, Activity activity, final Callback callback) {
+        this(address, activity, new BroadcastReceiver() {
+            @Override
+            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+                if (NfcAdapter.ACTION_NDEF_DISCOVERED.equals(intent.getAction())) {
+                    processIntent(callback, intent);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.addDevice(address);
+    }
+
+    public NfcReceiver(
+            final String address, Activity activity, final BroadcastReceiver clientReceiver) {
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mActivity = activity;
+
+        this.mFilter = new IntentFilter(NfcAdapter.ACTION_NDEF_DISCOVERED);
+        this.mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
+            @Override
+            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+                Log.v(TAG, "Receive broadcast on device " + address);
+                clientReceiver.onReceive(context, intent);
+                mReceiveLatch.countDown();
+            }
+        };
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.addDevice(address);
+    }
+
+    public void startReceive() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
+        mReceiveLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mActivity.getApplication().registerReceiver(mReceiver, mFilter);
+            }
+        }).get();
+    }
+
+    public void waitUntilReceive(long timeoutMillis) throws InterruptedException {
+        mReceiveLatch.await(timeoutMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+    }
+
+    public void stopReceive() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                mActivity.getApplication().unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);
+            }
+        }).get();
+    }
+
+    static void processIntent(Callback callback, Intent intent) {
+        Parcelable[] rawMsgs = intent.getParcelableArrayExtra(NfcAdapter.EXTRA_NDEF_MESSAGES);
+        if (rawMsgs != null && rawMsgs.length > 0) {
+            // only one message sent during the beam
+            NdefMessage msg = (NdefMessage) rawMsgs[0];
+            if (callback != null) {
+                callback.onReceive(new String(msg.getRecords()[0].getPayload()));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/nfc/NfcSender.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/nfc/NfcSender.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbbb5fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/nfc/NfcSender.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.nfc;
+
+import android.app.Activity;
+import android.nfc.NdefMessage;
+import android.nfc.NdefRecord;
+import android.nfc.NfcAdapter;
+import android.nfc.NfcAdapter.CreateNdefMessageCallback;
+import android.nfc.NfcAdapter.OnNdefPushCompleteCallback;
+import android.nfc.NfcEvent;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironment;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+
+/**
+ * Helper class to send NFC events.
+ */
+public class NfcSender {
+
+    private static final String NFC_PACKAGE = "DS_PKG";
+    private static final String NFC_TAG = "DS_TAG";
+
+    /**
+     * Callback to update sender status.
+     */
+    public interface Callback {
+
+        void onSend(String message);
+    }
+
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final Activity mActivity;
+    private final Callback mCallback;
+    private final SenderCallback mSenderCallback;
+    private String mSessage;
+
+    public NfcSender(String address, Activity activity, Callback callback) {
+        this.mCallback = callback;
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mActivity = activity;
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.addDevice(address);
+        this.mSenderCallback = new SenderCallback();
+    }
+
+    public void startSend(String message) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
+        this.mSessage = message;
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(mAddress, new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                NfcAdapter nfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(mActivity);
+                nfcAdapter.setNdefPushMessageCallback(mSenderCallback, mActivity);
+                nfcAdapter.setOnNdefPushCompleteCallback(mSenderCallback, mActivity);
+            }
+        }).get();
+    }
+
+    class SenderCallback implements CreateNdefMessageCallback, OnNdefPushCompleteCallback {
+
+        @Override
+        public NdefMessage createNdefMessage(NfcEvent event) {
+            NdefMessage msg = new NdefMessage(new NdefRecord[]{
+                    NdefRecord.createExternal(NFC_PACKAGE, NFC_TAG, mSessage.getBytes())
+            });
+            return msg;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onNdefPushComplete(NfcEvent event) {
+            mCallback.onSend(mSessage);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/utils/IOUtils.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/utils/IOUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d89754b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/helpers/utils/IOUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.helpers.utils;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+
+/**
+ * Utils for IO methods.
+ */
+public class IOUtils {
+
+    /**
+     * Write num of bytes to be sent and payload through OutputStream.
+     */
+    public static void write(OutputStream os, byte[] data) throws IOException {
+        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(4 + data.length).putInt(data.length).put(data);
+        os.write(buffer.array());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Read num of bytes to be read, and payload through InputStream.
+     *
+     * @return payload received.
+     */
+    public static byte[] read(InputStream is) throws IOException {
+        byte[] size = new byte[4];
+        is.read(size, 0, 4 /* bytes of int type */);
+
+        byte[] data = new byte[ByteBuffer.wrap(size).getInt()];
+        is.read(data);
+        return data;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a06ce4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal;
+
+import android.content.ContentProvider;
+import android.os.Looper;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Enums.Distance;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.BlueletImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.NamedRunnable;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.Scheduler;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.nfc.NfcletImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.sms.SmsContentProvider;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.sms.SmsletImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.Logger;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+
+import org.robolectric.Shadows;
+import org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowLooper;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Proxy to manage internal data models, and help shadows to exchange data.
+ */
+public class DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.create("DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl");
+    private static final long SCHEDULER_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 5000L;
+
+    // ThreadLocal to store local address for each device.
+    private static InheritableThreadLocal<DeviceletImpl> sLocalDeviceletImpl =
+            new InheritableThreadLocal<>();
+
+    // Devicelets contains all registered devicelet to simulate a device.
+    private static final Map<String, DeviceletImpl> DEVICELETS = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final Map<String, ExecutorService> EXECUTORS = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    private static final List<DeviceShadowException> INTERNAL_EXCEPTIONS =
+            Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<DeviceShadowException>());
+
+    private static final ContentProvider smsContentProvider = new SmsContentProvider();
+
+    public static DeviceletImpl getDeviceletImpl(String address) {
+        return DEVICELETS.get(address);
+    }
+
+    public static void checkInternalExceptions() {
+        if (INTERNAL_EXCEPTIONS.size() > 0) {
+            for (DeviceShadowException exception : INTERNAL_EXCEPTIONS) {
+                LOGGER.e("Internal exception", exception);
+            }
+            INTERNAL_EXCEPTIONS.clear();
+            throw new RuntimeException("DeviceShadower has internal exceptions");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void reset() {
+        // reset local devicelet for single device testing
+        sLocalDeviceletImpl.remove();
+        DEVICELETS.clear();
+        BlueletImpl.reset();
+        INTERNAL_EXCEPTIONS.clear();
+    }
+
+    public static boolean await(long timeoutMillis) {
+        boolean schedulerDone = false;
+        try {
+            schedulerDone = Scheduler.await(timeoutMillis);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            // no-op.
+        } finally {
+            if (!schedulerDone) {
+                catchInternalException(new DeviceShadowException("Scheduler not complete"));
+                for (DeviceletImpl devicelet : DEVICELETS.values()) {
+                    LOGGER.e(
+                            String.format(
+                                    "Device %s\n\tUI: %s\n\tService: %s",
+                                    devicelet.getAddress(),
+                                    devicelet.getUiScheduler(),
+                                    devicelet.getServiceScheduler()));
+                }
+                Scheduler.clear();
+            }
+        }
+        for (ExecutorService executor : EXECUTORS.values()) {
+            executor.shutdownNow();
+        }
+        boolean terminateSuccess = true;
+        for (ExecutorService executor : EXECUTORS.values()) {
+            try {
+                executor.awaitTermination(timeoutMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                terminateSuccess = false;
+            }
+            if (!executor.isTerminated()) {
+                LOGGER.e("Failed to terminate executor.");
+                terminateSuccess = false;
+            }
+        }
+        EXECUTORS.clear();
+        return schedulerDone && terminateSuccess;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean hasLocalDeviceletImpl() {
+        return sLocalDeviceletImpl.get() != null;
+    }
+
+    public static DeviceletImpl getLocalDeviceletImpl() {
+        return sLocalDeviceletImpl.get();
+    }
+
+    public static List<DeviceletImpl> getDeviceletImpls() {
+        return ImmutableList.copyOf(DEVICELETS.values());
+    }
+
+    public static BlueletImpl getLocalBlueletImpl() {
+        return sLocalDeviceletImpl.get().blueletImpl();
+    }
+
+    public static BlueletImpl getBlueletImpl(String address) {
+        DeviceletImpl devicelet = getDeviceletImpl(address);
+        return devicelet == null ? null : devicelet.blueletImpl();
+    }
+
+    public static NfcletImpl getLocalNfcletImpl() {
+        return sLocalDeviceletImpl.get().nfcletImpl();
+    }
+
+    public static NfcletImpl getNfcletImpl(String address) {
+        DeviceletImpl devicelet = getDeviceletImpl(address);
+        return devicelet == null ? null : devicelet.nfcletImpl();
+    }
+
+    public static SmsletImpl getLocalSmsletImpl() {
+        return sLocalDeviceletImpl.get().smsletImpl();
+    }
+
+    public static ContentProvider getSmsContentProvider() {
+        return smsContentProvider;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public static DeviceletImpl addDevice(String address) {
+        EXECUTORS.put(address, Executors.newCachedThreadPool());
+
+        // DeviceShadower keeps track of the "local" device based on the current thread. It uses an
+        // InheritableThreadLocal, so threads created by the current thread also get the same
+        // thread-local value. Add the device on its own thread, to set the thread local for that
+        // thread and its children.
+        try {
+            EXECUTORS
+                    .get(address)
+                    .submit(
+                            () -> {
+                                DeviceletImpl devicelet = new DeviceletImpl(address);
+                                DEVICELETS.put(address, devicelet);
+                                setLocalDevice(address);
+                                // Ensure these threads are actually created, by posting one empty
+                                // runnable.
+                                devicelet.getServiceScheduler()
+                                        .post(NamedRunnable.create("Init", () -> {
+                                        }));
+                                devicelet.getUiScheduler().post(NamedRunnable.create("Init", () -> {
+                                }));
+                            })
+                    .get();
+        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
+        }
+
+        return DEVICELETS.get(address);
+    }
+
+    public static void removeDevice(String address) {
+        DEVICELETS.remove(address);
+        EXECUTORS.remove(address);
+    }
+
+    public static void setInterruptibleBluetooth(int identifier) {
+        getLocalBlueletImpl().setInterruptible(identifier);
+    }
+
+    public static void interruptBluetooth(String address, int identifier) {
+        getBlueletImpl(address).interrupt(identifier);
+    }
+
+    public static void setDistance(String address1, String address2, final Distance distance) {
+        final DeviceletImpl device1 = getDeviceletImpl(address1);
+        final DeviceletImpl device2 = getDeviceletImpl(address2);
+
+        Future<Void> result1 = null;
+        Future<Void> result2 = null;
+        if (device1.updateDistance(address2, distance)) {
+            result1 =
+                    run(
+                            address1,
+                            () -> {
+                                device1.onDistanceChange(device2, distance);
+                                return null;
+                            });
+        }
+
+        if (device2.updateDistance(address1, distance)) {
+            result2 =
+                    run(
+                            address2,
+                            () -> {
+                                device2.onDistanceChange(device1, distance);
+                                return null;
+                            });
+        }
+
+        try {
+            if (result1 != null) {
+                result1.get();
+            }
+            if (result2 != null) {
+                result2.get();
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
+            catchInternalException(new DeviceShadowException(e));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set local Bluelet for current thread.
+     *
+     * <p>This can be used to convert current running thread to hold a bluelet object, so that unit
+     * test does not have to call BluetoothEnvironment.run() to run code.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static void setLocalDevice(String address) {
+        DeviceletImpl local = DEVICELETS.get(address);
+        if (local == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(address + " is not initialized by BluetoothEnvironment");
+        }
+        sLocalDeviceletImpl.set(local);
+    }
+
+    public static <T> Future<T> run(final String address, final Callable<T> snippet) {
+        return EXECUTORS
+                .get(address)
+                .submit(
+                        () -> {
+                            DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.setLocalDevice(address);
+                            ShadowLooper mainLooper = Shadows.shadowOf(Looper.getMainLooper());
+                            try {
+                                T result = snippet.call();
+
+                                // Avoid idling the main looper in paused mode since doing so is
+                                // only allowed from the main thread.
+                                if (!mainLooper.isPaused()) {
+                                    // In Robolectric, runnable doesn't run when posting thread
+                                    // differs from looper thread, idle main looper explicitly to
+                                    // execute posted Runnables.
+                                    ShadowLooper.idleMainLooper();
+                                }
+
+                                // Wait all scheduled runnables complete.
+                                Scheduler.await(SCHEDULER_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
+                                return result;
+                            } catch (Exception e) {
+                                LOGGER.e("Fail to call code on device: " + address, e);
+                                if (!mainLooper.isPaused()) {
+                                    // reset() is not supported in paused mode.
+                                    mainLooper.reset();
+                                }
+                                throw new RuntimeException(e);
+                            }
+                        });
+    }
+
+    // @CanIgnoreReturnValue
+    // Return value can be ignored because {@link Scheduler} will call
+    // {@link catchInternalException} to catch exceptions, and throw when test completes.
+    public static Future<?> runOnUi(String address, NamedRunnable snippet) {
+        Scheduler scheduler = DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getDeviceletImpl(address)
+                .getUiScheduler();
+        return run(scheduler, address, snippet);
+    }
+
+    // @CanIgnoreReturnValue
+    // Return value can be ignored because {@link Scheduler} will call
+    // {@link catchInternalException} to catch exceptions, and throw when test completes.
+    public static Future<?> runOnService(String address, NamedRunnable snippet) {
+        Scheduler scheduler =
+                DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getDeviceletImpl(address).getServiceScheduler();
+        return run(scheduler, address, snippet);
+    }
+
+    // @CanIgnoreReturnValue
+    // Return value can be ignored because {@link Scheduler} will call
+    // {@link catchInternalException} to catch exceptions, and throw when test completes.
+    private static Future<?> run(
+            Scheduler scheduler, final String address, final NamedRunnable snippet) {
+        return scheduler.post(
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        snippet.toString(),
+                        () -> {
+                            DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.setLocalDevice(address);
+                            snippet.run();
+                        }));
+    }
+
+    public static void catchInternalException(Exception exception) {
+        INTERNAL_EXCEPTIONS.add(new DeviceShadowException(exception));
+    }
+
+    // This is used to test Device Shadower internal.
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static void setDeviceletForTest(String address, DeviceletImpl devicelet) {
+        DEVICELETS.put(address, devicelet);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static void setExecutorForTest(String address) {
+        setExecutorForTest(address, Executors.newCachedThreadPool());
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static void setExecutorForTest(String address, ExecutorService executor) {
+        EXECUTORS.put(address, executor);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/DeviceShadowException.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/DeviceShadowException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77d358f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/DeviceShadowException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal;
+
+/**
+ * Internal exception to indicate error from DeviceShadower framework.
+ */
+public class DeviceShadowException extends Exception {
+
+    public DeviceShadowException(Throwable e) {
+        super(e);
+    }
+
+    public DeviceShadowException(String msg) {
+        super(msg);
+    }
+
+    public DeviceShadowException(String msg, Throwable e) {
+        super(msg, e);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/DeviceletImpl.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/DeviceletImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9aea065
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/DeviceletImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Bluelet;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Devicelet;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Enums.Distance;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Nfclet;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Smslet;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.BlueletImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.BroadcastManager;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.Scheduler;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.nfc.NfcletImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.sms.SmsletImpl;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * DeviceletImpl is the implementation to hold different medium-let in DeviceShadowEnvironment.
+ */
+public class DeviceletImpl implements Devicelet {
+
+    private final BlueletImpl mBluelet;
+    private final NfcletImpl mNfclet;
+    private final SmsletImpl mSmslet;
+    private final BroadcastManager mBroadcastManager;
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final Map<String, Distance> mDistanceMap = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Scheduler mServiceScheduler;
+    private final Scheduler mUiScheduler;
+
+    public DeviceletImpl(String address) {
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mServiceScheduler = new Scheduler(address + "-service");
+        this.mUiScheduler = new Scheduler(address + "-main");
+        this.mBroadcastManager = new BroadcastManager(mUiScheduler);
+        this.mBluelet = new BlueletImpl(address, mBroadcastManager);
+        this.mNfclet = new NfcletImpl();
+        this.mSmslet = new SmsletImpl();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet bluetooth() {
+        return mBluelet;
+    }
+
+    public BlueletImpl blueletImpl() {
+        return mBluelet;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Nfclet nfc() {
+        return mNfclet;
+    }
+
+    public NfcletImpl nfcletImpl() {
+        return mNfclet;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Smslet sms() {
+        return mSmslet;
+    }
+
+    public SmsletImpl smsletImpl() {
+        return mSmslet;
+    }
+
+    public BroadcastManager getBroadcastManager() {
+        return mBroadcastManager;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getAddress() {
+        return mAddress;
+    }
+
+    Scheduler getServiceScheduler() {
+        return mServiceScheduler;
+    }
+
+    Scheduler getUiScheduler() {
+        return mUiScheduler;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Update distance to remote device.
+     *
+     * @return true if distance updated.
+     */
+    /*package*/ boolean updateDistance(String remoteAddress, Distance distance) {
+        Distance currentDistance = mDistanceMap.get(remoteAddress);
+        if (currentDistance == null || !distance.equals(currentDistance)) {
+            mDistanceMap.put(remoteAddress, distance);
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /*package*/ void onDistanceChange(DeviceletImpl remote, Distance distance) {
+        if (distance == Distance.NEAR) {
+            mNfclet.onNear(remote.mNfclet);
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/AdapterDelegate.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/AdapterDelegate.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5227b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/AdapterDelegate.java
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothClass.Device;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceletImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.NamedRunnable;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy;
+
+/**
+ * Class handling Bluetooth Adapter State change. Currently async event processing is not supported,
+ * and there is no deferred operation when adapter is in a pending state.
+ */
+class AdapterDelegate {
+
+    /**
+     * Callback for adapter
+     */
+    public interface Callback {
+
+        void onAdapterStateChange(State prevState, State newState);
+
+        void onBleStateChange(State prevState, State newState);
+
+        void onDiscoveryStarted();
+
+        void onDiscoveryFinished();
+
+        void onDeviceFound(String address, int bluetoothClass, String name);
+    }
+
+    @GuardedBy("this")
+    private State mCurrentState;
+
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final Callback mCallback;
+    private AtomicBoolean mIsDiscovering = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+    private final AtomicInteger mScanMode = new AtomicInteger(BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_NONE);
+    private int mBluetoothClass = Device.PHONE_SMART;
+
+    AdapterDelegate(String address, Callback callback) {
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mCurrentState = State.OFF;
+        this.mCallback = callback;
+    }
+
+    synchronized void processEvent(Event event) {
+        State newState = TRANSITION[mCurrentState.ordinal()][event.ordinal()];
+        if (newState == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        State prevState = mCurrentState;
+        mCurrentState = newState;
+        handleStateChange(prevState, newState);
+    }
+
+    private void handleStateChange(State prevState, State newState) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): fake service bind/unbind on state change
+        if (prevState.equals(newState)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
+            mCallback.onAdapterStateChange(prevState, newState);
+        } else {
+            mCallback.onBleStateChange(prevState, newState);
+            if (newState.equals(State.BLE_TURNING_ON)
+                    || newState.equals(State.BLE_TURNING_OFF)
+                    || newState.equals(State.OFF)
+                    || (newState.equals(State.BLE_ON) && prevState.equals(State.BLE_TURNING_ON))) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if (newState.equals(State.BLE_ON)) {
+                newState = State.OFF;
+            } else if (prevState.equals(State.BLE_ON)) {
+                prevState = State.OFF;
+            }
+            mCallback.onAdapterStateChange(prevState, newState);
+        }
+    }
+
+    synchronized State getState() {
+        return mCurrentState;
+    }
+
+    synchronized void setState(State state) {
+        mCurrentState = state;
+    }
+
+    void setBluetoothClass(int bluetoothClass) {
+        this.mBluetoothClass = bluetoothClass;
+    }
+
+    int getBluetoothClass() {
+        return mBluetoothClass;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    void startDiscovery() {
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (mIsDiscovering.get()) {
+                return;
+            }
+            mIsDiscovering.set(true);
+        }
+
+        mCallback.onDiscoveryStarted();
+
+        NamedRunnable onDeviceFound =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "BluetoothAdapter.onDeviceFound",
+                        new Runnable() {
+                            @Override
+                            public void run() {
+                                List<DeviceletImpl> devices =
+                                        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getDeviceletImpls();
+                                for (DeviceletImpl devicelet : devices) {
+                                    BlueletImpl bluelet = devicelet.blueletImpl();
+                                    if (mAddress.equals(devicelet.getAddress())
+                                            || bluelet.getAdapterDelegate().mScanMode.get()
+                                                    != BluetoothAdapter
+                                            .SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE) {
+                                        continue;
+                                    }
+                                    mCallback.onDeviceFound(
+                                            bluelet.address,
+                                            bluelet.getAdapterDelegate().mBluetoothClass,
+                                            bluelet.mName);
+                                }
+                                finishDiscovery();
+                            }
+                        });
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnUi(mAddress, onDeviceFound);
+    }
+
+    void cancelDiscovery() {
+        finishDiscovery();
+    }
+
+    boolean isDiscovering() {
+        return mIsDiscovering.get();
+    }
+
+    void setScanMode(int scanMode) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): broadcast scan mode change.
+        this.mScanMode.set(scanMode);
+    }
+
+    int getScanMode() {
+        return mScanMode.get();
+    }
+
+    private void finishDiscovery() {
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (!mIsDiscovering.get()) {
+                return;
+            }
+            mIsDiscovering.set(false);
+        }
+        mCallback.onDiscoveryFinished();
+    }
+
+    enum State {
+        OFF(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF),
+        TURNING_ON(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_ON),
+        ON(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON),
+        TURNING_OFF(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_OFF),
+        // States for API23+
+        BLE_TURNING_ON(BluetoothConstants.STATE_BLE_TURNING_ON),
+        BLE_ON(BluetoothConstants.STATE_BLE_ON),
+        BLE_TURNING_OFF(BluetoothConstants.STATE_BLE_TURNING_OFF);
+
+        private static final Map<Integer, State> LOOKUP = new HashMap<>();
+
+        static {
+            for (State state : State.values()) {
+                LOOKUP.put(state.getValue(), state);
+            }
+        }
+
+        static State lookup(int value) {
+            return LOOKUP.get(value);
+        }
+
+        private final int mValue;
+
+        State(int value) {
+            this.mValue = value;
+        }
+
+        int getValue() {
+            return mValue;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Represents Bluetooth events which can trigger adapter state change.
+     */
+    enum Event {
+        USER_TURN_ON,
+        USER_TURN_OFF,
+        BREDR_STARTED,
+        BREDR_STOPPED,
+        // Events for API23+
+        BLE_TURN_ON,
+        BLE_TURN_OFF,
+        BLE_STARTED,
+        BLE_STOPPED
+    }
+
+    private static final State[][] TRANSITION =
+            new State[State.values().length][Event.values().length];
+
+    static {
+        if (VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
+            // transition table before API23
+            TRANSITION[State.OFF.ordinal()][Event.USER_TURN_ON.ordinal()] = State.TURNING_ON;
+            TRANSITION[State.TURNING_ON.ordinal()][Event.BREDR_STARTED.ordinal()] = State.ON;
+            TRANSITION[State.ON.ordinal()][Event.USER_TURN_OFF.ordinal()] = State.TURNING_OFF;
+            TRANSITION[State.TURNING_OFF.ordinal()][Event.BREDR_STOPPED.ordinal()] = State.OFF;
+        } else {
+            // transition table starting from API23
+            TRANSITION[State.OFF.ordinal()][Event.BLE_TURN_ON.ordinal()] = State.BLE_TURNING_ON;
+            TRANSITION[State.BLE_TURNING_ON.ordinal()][Event.BLE_STARTED.ordinal()] = State.BLE_ON;
+            TRANSITION[State.BLE_ON.ordinal()][Event.USER_TURN_ON.ordinal()] = State.TURNING_ON;
+            TRANSITION[State.TURNING_ON.ordinal()][Event.BREDR_STARTED.ordinal()] = State.ON;
+            TRANSITION[State.ON.ordinal()][Event.BLE_TURN_OFF.ordinal()] = State.TURNING_OFF;
+            TRANSITION[State.TURNING_OFF.ordinal()][Event.BREDR_STOPPED.ordinal()] = State.BLE_ON;
+            TRANSITION[State.BLE_ON.ordinal()][Event.USER_TURN_OFF.ordinal()] =
+                    State.BLE_TURNING_OFF;
+            TRANSITION[State.BLE_TURNING_OFF.ordinal()][Event.BLE_STOPPED.ordinal()] = State.OFF;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/BlueletImpl.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/BlueletImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e534e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/BlueletImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth;
+
+import static org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers.callConstructor;
+
+import android.Manifest.permission;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothClass;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile;
+import android.bluetooth.IBluetoothManager;
+import android.content.AttributionSource;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Bluelet;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.AdapterDelegate.Event;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.AdapterDelegate.State;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection.RfcommDelegate;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.BroadcastManager;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.Interrupter;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.Logger;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
+
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers.ClassParameter;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * A container class of a real-world Bluetooth device.
+ */
+public class BlueletImpl implements Bluelet {
+
+    enum PairingConfirmation {
+        UNKNOWN,
+        CONFIRMED,
+        DENIED
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See hidden {@link #EXTRA_REASON} and reason values in {@link BluetoothDevice}.
+     */
+    static final int REASON_SUCCESS = 0;
+    /**
+     * See hidden {@link #EXTRA_REASON} and reason values in {@link BluetoothDevice}.
+     */
+    static final int UNBOND_REASON_AUTH_FAILED = 1;
+    /**
+     * See hidden {@link #EXTRA_REASON} and reason values in {@link BluetoothDevice}.
+     */
+    static final int UNBOND_REASON_AUTH_CANCELED = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * Hidden in {@link BluetoothDevice}.
+     */
+    private static final String EXTRA_REASON = "android.bluetooth.device.extra.REASON";
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.create("BlueletImpl");
+
+    private static final ImmutableMap<Integer, Integer> PROFILE_STATE_TO_ADAPTER_STATE =
+            ImmutableMap.<Integer, Integer>builder()
+                    .put(BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED, BluetoothAdapter.STATE_CONNECTED)
+                    .put(BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTING, BluetoothAdapter.STATE_CONNECTING)
+                    .put(BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTING, BluetoothAdapter.STATE_DISCONNECTING)
+                    .put(BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED, BluetoothAdapter.STATE_DISCONNECTED)
+                    .build();
+
+    public static void reset() {
+        RfcommDelegate.reset();
+    }
+
+    public final String address;
+    String mName;
+    ParcelUuid[] mProfileUuids = new ParcelUuid[0];
+    int mPhonebookAccessPermission;
+    int mMessageAccessPermission;
+    int mSimAccessPermission;
+    final BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;
+    int mPassKey;
+
+    private CreateBondOutcome mCreateBondOutcome = CreateBondOutcome.SUCCESS;
+    private int mCreateBondFailureReason;
+    private IoCapabilities mIoCapabilities = IoCapabilities.NO_INPUT_NO_OUTPUT;
+    private boolean mRefuseConnections;
+    private FetchUuidsTiming mFetchUuidsTiming = FetchUuidsTiming.AFTER_BONDING;
+    private boolean mEnableCVE20192225;
+
+    private final Interrupter mInterrupter;
+    private final AdapterDelegate mAdapterDelegate;
+    private final RfcommDelegate mRfcommDelegate;
+    private final GattDelegate mGattDelegate;
+    private final BluetoothBroadcastHandler mBluetoothBroadcastHandler;
+    private final Map<String, Integer> mRemoteAddressToBondState = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<String, PairingConfirmation> mRemoteAddressToPairingConfirmation =
+            new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<Integer, Integer> mProfileTypeToConnectionState = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Set<BluetoothDevice> mBondedDevices = new HashSet<>();
+
+    public BlueletImpl(String address, BroadcastManager broadcastManager) {
+        this.address = address;
+        this.mName = address;
+        this.mAdapter = callConstructor(BluetoothAdapter.class,
+                ClassParameter.from(IBluetoothManager.class, new IBluetoothManagerImpl()),
+                ClassParameter.from(AttributionSource.class,
+                        AttributionSource.myAttributionSource()));
+        mBluetoothBroadcastHandler = new BluetoothBroadcastHandler(broadcastManager);
+        mInterrupter = new Interrupter();
+        mAdapterDelegate = new AdapterDelegate(address, mBluetoothBroadcastHandler);
+        mRfcommDelegate = new RfcommDelegate(address, mBluetoothBroadcastHandler, mInterrupter);
+        mGattDelegate = new GattDelegate(address);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet setAdapterInitialState(int state) throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("Address: %s, setAdapterInitialState(%d)", address, state));
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                state == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF || state == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON,
+                "State must be BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON or BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF.");
+        mAdapterDelegate.setState(State.lookup(state));
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet setBluetoothClass(int bluetoothClass) {
+        mAdapterDelegate.setBluetoothClass(bluetoothClass);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet setScanMode(int scanMode) {
+        mAdapterDelegate.setScanMode(scanMode);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet setProfileUuids(ParcelUuid... profileUuids) {
+        this.mProfileUuids = profileUuids;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet setIoCapabilities(IoCapabilities ioCapabilities) {
+        this.mIoCapabilities = ioCapabilities;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet setCreateBondOutcome(CreateBondOutcome outcome, int failureReason) {
+        mCreateBondOutcome = outcome;
+        mCreateBondFailureReason = failureReason;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet setRefuseConnections(boolean refuse) {
+        mRefuseConnections = refuse;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet setRefuseGattConnections(boolean refuse) {
+        getGattDelegate().setRefuseConnections(refuse);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet setFetchUuidsTiming(FetchUuidsTiming fetchUuidsTiming) {
+        this.mFetchUuidsTiming = fetchUuidsTiming;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet addBondedDevice(String address) {
+        this.mBondedDevices.add(mAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address));
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Bluelet enableCVE20192225(boolean value) {
+        this.mEnableCVE20192225 = value;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    IoCapabilities getIoCapabilities() {
+        return mIoCapabilities;
+    }
+
+    CreateBondOutcome getCreateBondOutcome() {
+        return mCreateBondOutcome;
+    }
+
+    int getCreateBondFailureReason() {
+        return mCreateBondFailureReason;
+    }
+
+    public boolean getRefuseConnections() {
+        return mRefuseConnections;
+    }
+
+    public FetchUuidsTiming getFetchUuidsTiming() {
+        return mFetchUuidsTiming;
+    }
+
+    BluetoothDevice[] getBondedDevices() {
+        return mBondedDevices.toArray(new BluetoothDevice[0]);
+    }
+
+    public boolean getEnableCVE20192225() {
+        return mEnableCVE20192225;
+    }
+
+    public void enableAdapter() {
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("Address: %s, enableAdapter()", address));
+        // TODO(b/200231384): async enabling, configurable delay, failure path
+        if (VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.USER_TURN_ON);
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.BREDR_STARTED);
+        } else {
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.BLE_TURN_ON);
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.BLE_STARTED);
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.USER_TURN_ON);
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.BREDR_STARTED);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void disableAdapter() {
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("Address: %s, disableAdapter()", address));
+        // TODO(b/200231384): async disabling, configurable delay, failure path
+        if (VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.USER_TURN_OFF);
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.BREDR_STOPPED);
+        } else {
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.BLE_TURN_OFF);
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.BREDR_STOPPED);
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.USER_TURN_OFF);
+            mAdapterDelegate.processEvent(Event.BLE_STOPPED);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public AdapterDelegate getAdapterDelegate() {
+        return mAdapterDelegate;
+    }
+
+    public RfcommDelegate getRfcommDelegate() {
+        return mRfcommDelegate;
+    }
+
+    public GattDelegate getGattDelegate() {
+        return mGattDelegate;
+    }
+
+    public BluetoothAdapter getAdapter() {
+        return mAdapter;
+    }
+
+    public void setInterruptible(int identifier) {
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("Address: %s, setInterruptible(%d)", address, identifier));
+        mInterrupter.setInterruptible(identifier);
+    }
+
+    public void interrupt(int identifier) {
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("Address: %s, interrupt(%d)", address, identifier));
+        mInterrupter.interrupt(identifier);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public void setAdapterState(int state) throws IllegalArgumentException {
+        State s = State.lookup(state);
+        if (s == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
+        }
+        mAdapterDelegate.setState(s);
+    }
+
+    public int getBondState(String remoteAddress) {
+        return mRemoteAddressToBondState.containsKey(remoteAddress)
+                ? mRemoteAddressToBondState.get(remoteAddress)
+                : BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE;
+    }
+
+    public void setBondState(String remoteAddress, int bondState, int failureReason) {
+        Intent intent =
+                newDeviceIntent(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED, remoteAddress)
+                        .putExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_BOND_STATE, bondState)
+                        .putExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PREVIOUS_BOND_STATE,
+                                getBondState(remoteAddress));
+
+        if (failureReason != REASON_SUCCESS) {
+            intent.putExtra(EXTRA_REASON, failureReason);
+        }
+
+        LOGGER.d(
+                String.format(
+                        "Address: %s, Bluetooth Bond State Change Intent: remote=%s, %s -> %s "
+                                + "(reason=%s)",
+                        address, remoteAddress, getBondState(remoteAddress), bondState,
+                        failureReason));
+        mRemoteAddressToBondState.put(remoteAddress, bondState);
+        mBluetoothBroadcastHandler.mBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(
+                intent, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH);
+    }
+
+    public void onPairingRequest(String remoteAddress, int variant, int key) {
+        Intent intent =
+                newDeviceIntent(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST, remoteAddress)
+                        .putExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_VARIANT, variant)
+                        .putExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_KEY, key);
+
+        LOGGER.d(
+                String.format(
+                        "Address: %s, Bluetooth Pairing Request Intent: remote=%s, variant=%s, "
+                                + "key=%s", address, remoteAddress, variant, key));
+        mBluetoothBroadcastHandler.mBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent, permission.BLUETOOTH);
+    }
+
+    public PairingConfirmation getPairingConfirmation(String remoteAddress) {
+        PairingConfirmation confirmation = mRemoteAddressToPairingConfirmation.get(remoteAddress);
+        return confirmation == null ? PairingConfirmation.UNKNOWN : confirmation;
+    }
+
+    public void setPairingConfirmation(String remoteAddress, PairingConfirmation confirmation) {
+        mRemoteAddressToPairingConfirmation.put(remoteAddress, confirmation);
+    }
+
+    public void onFetchedUuids(String remoteAddress, ParcelUuid[] profileUuids) {
+        Intent intent =
+                newDeviceIntent(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_UUID, remoteAddress)
+                        .putExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_UUID, profileUuids);
+
+        LOGGER.d(
+                String.format(
+                        "Address: %s, Bluetooth Found UUIDs Intent: remoteAddress=%s, uuids=%s",
+                        address, remoteAddress, Arrays.toString(profileUuids)));
+        mBluetoothBroadcastHandler.mBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(
+                intent, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH);
+    }
+
+    private static int maxProfileState(int a, int b) {
+        // Prefer connected > connecting > disconnecting > disconnected.
+        switch (a) {
+            case BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED:
+                return a;
+            case BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTING:
+                return b == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED ? b : a;
+            case BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTING:
+                return b == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED
+                        || b == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTING
+                        ? b
+                        : a;
+            case BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED:
+            default:
+                return b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getAdapterConnectionState() {
+        int maxState = BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
+        for (int state : mProfileTypeToConnectionState.values()) {
+            maxState = maxProfileState(maxState, state);
+        }
+        return PROFILE_STATE_TO_ADAPTER_STATE.get(maxState);
+    }
+
+    public int getProfileConnectionState(int profileType) {
+        return mProfileTypeToConnectionState.containsKey(profileType)
+                ? mProfileTypeToConnectionState.get(profileType)
+                : BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
+    }
+
+    public void setProfileConnectionState(int profileType, int state, String remoteAddress) {
+        int previousAdapterState = getAdapterConnectionState();
+        mProfileTypeToConnectionState.put(profileType, state);
+        int adapterState = getAdapterConnectionState();
+        if (previousAdapterState != adapterState) {
+            Intent intent =
+                    newDeviceIntent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED, remoteAddress)
+                            .putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_PREVIOUS_CONNECTION_STATE,
+                                    previousAdapterState)
+                            .putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_CONNECTION_STATE, adapterState);
+
+            LOGGER.d(
+                    "Adapter Connection State Changed Intent: "
+                            + previousAdapterState
+                            + " -> "
+                            + adapterState);
+            mBluetoothBroadcastHandler.mBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(
+                    intent, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class BluetoothBroadcastHandler implements AdapterDelegate.Callback,
+            RfcommDelegate.Callback {
+
+        private final BroadcastManager mBroadcastManager;
+
+        BluetoothBroadcastHandler(BroadcastManager broadcastManager) {
+            this.mBroadcastManager = broadcastManager;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onAdapterStateChange(State prevState, State newState) {
+            int prev = prevState.getValue();
+            int cur = newState.getValue();
+            LOGGER.d("Bluetooth State Change Intent: " + State.lookup(prev) + " -> " + State.lookup(
+                    cur));
+            Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);
+            intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_PREVIOUS_STATE, prev);
+            intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, cur);
+            mBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onBleStateChange(State prevState, State newState) {
+            int prev = prevState.getValue();
+            int cur = newState.getValue();
+            LOGGER.d("BLE State Change Intent: " + State.lookup(prev) + " -> " + State.lookup(cur));
+            Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothConstants.ACTION_BLE_STATE_CHANGED);
+            intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_PREVIOUS_STATE, prev);
+            intent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, cur);
+            mBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onConnectionStateChange(String remoteAddress, boolean isConnected) {
+            LOGGER.d("Bluetooth Connection State Change Intent, isConnected: " + isConnected);
+            Intent intent =
+                    isConnected
+                            ? newDeviceIntent(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_CONNECTED, remoteAddress)
+                            : newDeviceIntent(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED,
+                                    remoteAddress);
+            mBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDiscoveryStarted() {
+            LOGGER.d("Bluetooth discovery started.");
+            Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED);
+            mBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDiscoveryFinished() {
+            LOGGER.d("Bluetooth discovery finished.");
+            Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
+            mBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDeviceFound(String address, int bluetoothClass, String name) {
+            LOGGER.d("Bluetooth device found, address: " + address);
+            Intent intent =
+                    newDeviceIntent(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND, address)
+                            .putExtra(
+                                    BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_CLASS,
+                                    callConstructor(
+                                            BluetoothClass.class,
+                                            ClassParameter.from(int.class, bluetoothClass)))
+                            .putExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_NAME, name);
+            // TODO(b/200231384): support rssi
+            // TODO(b/200231384): send broadcast with additional ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION permission
+            // once broadcast permission is implemented.
+            mBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Intent newDeviceIntent(String action, String address) {
+        return new Intent(action)
+                .putExtra(
+                        BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE,
+                        BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice(address));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/BluetoothConstants.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/BluetoothConstants.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa519da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/BluetoothConstants.java
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth;
+
+/**
+ * A class to hold Bluetooth constants.
+ */
+public class BluetoothConstants {
+
+    /*** Bluetooth Adapter State ***/
+    // Must be identical to BluetoothAdapter hidden field STATE_BLE_TURNING_ON
+    public static final int STATE_BLE_TURNING_ON = 14;
+
+    // Must be identical to BluetoothAdapter hidden field STATE_BLE_ON
+    public static final int STATE_BLE_ON = 15;
+
+    // Must be identical to BluetoothAdapter hidden field STATE_BLE_TURNING_OFF
+    public static final int STATE_BLE_TURNING_OFF = 16;
+
+    // Must be identical to BluetoothAdapter hidden field ACTION_BLE_STATE_CHANGED
+    public static final String ACTION_BLE_STATE_CHANGED =
+            "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.BLE_STATE_CHANGED";
+
+    /*** Rfcomm Socket ***/
+    // Must be identical to BluetoothSocket field TYPE_RFCOMM.
+    // The field was package-private before M.
+    public static final int TYPE_RFCOMM = 1;
+
+    public static final int SOCKET_CLOSE = -10000;
+
+    // Android Bluetooth use -1 as port when creating server socket with uuid
+    public static final int SERVER_SOCKET_CHANNEL_AUTO_ASSIGN = -1;
+
+    // Android Bluetooth use -1 as port when creating socket with a uuid
+    public static final int SOCKET_CHANNEL_CONNECT_WITH_UUID = -1;
+
+    /*** BLE Advertise/Scan ***/
+    // Must be identical to AdvertiseCallback hidden field ADVERTISE_SUCCESS.
+    public static final int ADVERTISE_SUCCESS = 0;
+
+    // Must be identical to ScanRecord field DATA_TYPE_FLAGS.
+    public static final int DATA_TYPE_FLAGS = 0x01;
+
+    // Must be identical to ScanRecord field DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_128_BIT_COMPLETE.
+    public static final int DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_128_BIT_COMPLETE = 0x07;
+
+    // Must be identical to ScanRecord field DATA_TYPE_LOCAL_NAME_COMPLETE.
+    public static final int DATA_TYPE_LOCAL_NAME_COMPLETE = 0x09;
+
+    // Must be identical to ScanRecord field DATA_TYPE_TX_POWER_LEVEL.
+    public static final int DATA_TYPE_TX_POWER_LEVEL = 0x0A;
+
+    // Must be identical to ScanRecord field DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_DATA.
+    public static final int DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_DATA = 0x16;
+
+    // Must be identical to ScanRecord field DATA_TYPE_MANUFACTURER_SPECIFIC_DATA.
+    public static final int DATA_TYPE_MANUFACTURER_SPECIFIC_DATA = 0xFF;
+
+    /**
+     * @see #DATA_TYPE_FLAGS
+     */
+    public interface Flags {
+
+        byte LE_LIMITED_DISCOVERABLE_MODE = 1;
+        byte LE_GENERAL_DISCOVERABLE_MODE = 1 << 1;
+        byte BR_EDR_NOT_SUPPORTED = 1 << 2;
+        byte SIMULTANEOUS_LE_AND_BR_EDR_CONTROLLER = 1 << 3;
+        byte SIMULTANEOUS_LE_AND_BR_EDR_HOST = 1 << 4;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Observed that Android sets this for {@link #DATA_TYPE_FLAGS} when a packet is connectable (on
+     * a Nexus 6P running 7.1.2).
+     */
+    public static final byte FLAGS_IN_CONNECTABLE_PACKETS =
+            Flags.BR_EDR_NOT_SUPPORTED
+                    | Flags.LE_GENERAL_DISCOVERABLE_MODE
+                    | Flags.SIMULTANEOUS_LE_AND_BR_EDR_CONTROLLER
+                    | Flags.SIMULTANEOUS_LE_AND_BR_EDR_HOST;
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/GattDelegate.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/GattDelegate.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4618561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/GattDelegate.java
@@ -0,0 +1,609 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth;
+
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.IBluetoothGattCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.IBluetoothGattServerCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanRecord;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanSettings;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceletImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.GattHelper;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.Logger;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.primitives.Bytes;
+
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers;
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers.ClassParameter;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+/**
+ * Delegate to operate gatt operations.
+ */
+public class GattDelegate {
+
+    private static final int DEFAULT_RSSI = -50;
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.create("GattDelegate");
+
+    // chipset properties
+    // use 2 as API 21 requires multi-advertisement support to use Le Advertising.
+    private final int mMaxAdvertiseInstances = 2;
+    private final AtomicBoolean mIsOffloadedFilteringSupported = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final AtomicInteger mCurrentClientIf = new AtomicInteger(0);
+    private final AtomicInteger mCurrentServerIf = new AtomicInteger(0);
+    private final AtomicBoolean mCurrentConnectionState = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+    private final Map<ParcelUuid, Service> mServices = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<Integer, IBluetoothGattCallback> mClientCallbacks;
+    private final Map<Integer, IBluetoothGattServerCallback> mServerCallbacks;
+    private final Map<Integer, Advertiser> mAdvertisers;
+    private final Map<Integer, Scanner> mScanners;
+    @Nullable
+    private Request mLastRequest;
+    private boolean mConnectable = true;
+
+    /**
+     * The parameters of a request, e.g. readCharacteristic(). Subclass for each request.
+     *
+     * @see #getLastRequest()
+     */
+    abstract static class Request {
+
+        final int mSrvcType;
+        final int mSrvcInstId;
+        final ParcelUuid mSrvcId;
+        final int mCharInstId;
+        final ParcelUuid mCharId;
+
+        Request(int srvcType, int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcId, int charInstId,
+                ParcelUuid charId) {
+            this.mSrvcType = srvcType;
+            this.mSrvcInstId = srvcInstId;
+            this.mSrvcId = srvcId;
+            this.mCharInstId = charInstId;
+            this.mCharId = charId;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Corresponds to {@link android.bluetooth.IBluetoothGatt#readCharacteristic}.
+     */
+    static class ReadCharacteristicRequest extends Request {
+
+        ReadCharacteristicRequest(
+                int srvcType, int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcId, int charInstId,
+                ParcelUuid charId) {
+            super(srvcType, srvcInstId, srvcId, charInstId, charId);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Corresponds to {@link android.bluetooth.IBluetoothGatt#readDescriptor}.
+     */
+    static class ReadDescriptorRequest extends Request {
+
+        final int mDescrInstId;
+        final ParcelUuid mDescrId;
+
+        ReadDescriptorRequest(
+                int srvcType,
+                int srvcInstId,
+                ParcelUuid srvcId,
+                int charInstId,
+                ParcelUuid charId,
+                int descrInstId,
+                ParcelUuid descrId) {
+            super(srvcType, srvcInstId, srvcId, charInstId, charId);
+            this.mDescrInstId = descrInstId;
+            this.mDescrId = descrId;
+        }
+    }
+
+    GattDelegate(String address) {
+        this(
+                address,
+                new HashMap<>(),
+                new HashMap<>(),
+                new ConcurrentHashMap<>(),
+                new ConcurrentHashMap<>());
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    GattDelegate(
+            String address,
+            Map<Integer, IBluetoothGattCallback> clientCallbacks,
+            Map<Integer, IBluetoothGattServerCallback> serverCallbacks,
+            Map<Integer, Advertiser> advertisers,
+            Map<Integer, Scanner> scanners) {
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mClientCallbacks = clientCallbacks;
+        this.mServerCallbacks = serverCallbacks;
+        this.mAdvertisers = advertisers;
+        this.mScanners = scanners;
+    }
+
+    public void setRefuseConnections(boolean refuse) {
+        this.mConnectable = !refuse;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Used to maintain state between the request (e.g. readCharacteristic()) and sendResponse().
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    Request getLastRequest() {
+        return mLastRequest;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see #getLastRequest()
+     */
+    void setLastRequest(@Nullable Request params) {
+        mLastRequest = params;
+    }
+
+    public int getClientIf() {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): support multiple client if.
+        return mCurrentClientIf.get();
+    }
+
+    public int getServerIf() {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): support multiple server if.
+        return mCurrentServerIf.get();
+    }
+
+    public IBluetoothGattServerCallback getServerCallback(int serverIf) {
+        return mServerCallbacks.get(serverIf);
+    }
+
+    public IBluetoothGattCallback getClientCallback(int clientIf) {
+        return mClientCallbacks.get(clientIf);
+    }
+
+    public int registerServer(IBluetoothGattServerCallback callback) {
+        mServerCallbacks.put(mCurrentServerIf.incrementAndGet(), callback);
+        return getServerIf();
+    }
+
+    public int registerClient(IBluetoothGattCallback callback) {
+        mClientCallbacks.put(mCurrentClientIf.incrementAndGet(), callback);
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("Client registered on %s, clientIf: %d", mAddress, getClientIf()));
+        return getClientIf();
+    }
+
+    public void unregisterClient(int clientIf) {
+        mClientCallbacks.remove(clientIf);
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("Client unregistered on %s, clientIf: %d", mAddress, clientIf));
+    }
+
+    public void unregisterServer(int serverIf) {
+        mServerCallbacks.remove(serverIf);
+    }
+
+    public int getMaxAdvertiseInstances() {
+        return mMaxAdvertiseInstances;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isOffloadedFilteringSupported() {
+        return mIsOffloadedFilteringSupported.get();
+    }
+
+    public boolean connect(String address) {
+        return mConnectable;
+    }
+
+    public boolean disconnect(String address) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public void clientConnectionStateChange(
+            int state, int clientIf, boolean connected, String address) {
+        if (connected != mCurrentConnectionState.get()) {
+            mCurrentConnectionState.set(connected);
+            IBluetoothGattCallback callback = getClientCallback(clientIf);
+            if (callback != null) {
+                callback.onClientConnectionState(state, clientIf, connected, address);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void serverConnectionStateChange(
+            int state, int serverIf, boolean connected, String address) {
+        if (connected != mCurrentConnectionState.get()) {
+            mCurrentConnectionState.set(connected);
+            IBluetoothGattServerCallback callback = getServerCallback(serverIf);
+            if (callback != null) {
+                callback.onServerConnectionState(state, serverIf, connected, address);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Service addService(ParcelUuid uuid) {
+        Service srvc = new Service(uuid);
+        mServices.put(uuid, srvc);
+        return srvc;
+    }
+
+    public Collection<Service> getServices() {
+        return mServices.values();
+    }
+
+    public Service getService(ParcelUuid uuid) {
+        return mServices.get(uuid);
+    }
+
+    public void clientSetMtu(int clientIf, int mtu, String serverAddress) {
+        IBluetoothGattCallback callback = getClientCallback(clientIf);
+        if (callback != null && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21) {
+            callback.onConfigureMTU(serverAddress, mtu, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void serverSetMtu(int serverIf, int mtu, String clientAddress) {
+        IBluetoothGattServerCallback callback = getServerCallback(serverIf);
+        if (callback != null && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 22) {
+            callback.onMtuChanged(clientAddress, mtu);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void startMultiAdvertising(
+            int appIf,
+            AdvertiseData advertiseData,
+            AdvertiseData scanResponse,
+            final AdvertiseSettings settings) {
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("startMultiAdvertising(%d) on %s", appIf, mAddress));
+        final Advertiser advertiser =
+                new Advertiser(
+                        appIf,
+                        mAddress,
+                        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalBlueletImpl().mName,
+                        txPowerFromFlag(settings.getTxPowerLevel()),
+                        advertiseData,
+                        scanResponse,
+                        settings);
+        mAdvertisers.put(appIf, advertiser);
+        final IBluetoothGattCallback callback = mClientCallbacks.get(appIf);
+        @SuppressWarnings("unused") // go/futurereturn-lsc
+        Future<?> possiblyIgnoredError =
+                DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.run(
+                        mAddress,
+                        () -> {
+                            callback.onMultiAdvertiseCallback(
+                                    BluetoothConstants.ADVERTISE_SUCCESS, true /* isStart */,
+                                    settings);
+                            return null;
+                        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns TxPower in dBm as measured at the source.
+     *
+     * <p>Note that this will vary by device and the values are only roughly accurate. The
+     * measurements were taken with a Nexus 6. Copied from the TxEddystone-UID app:
+     * {https://github.com/google/eddystone/blob/master/eddystone-uid/tools/txeddystone-uid/TxEddystone-UID/app/src/main/java/com/google/sample/txeddystone_uid/MainActivity.java}
+     */
+    private static byte txPowerFromFlag(int txPowerFlag) {
+        switch (txPowerFlag) {
+            case AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH:
+                return (byte) -16;
+            case AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_MEDIUM:
+                return (byte) -26;
+            case AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_LOW:
+                return (byte) -35;
+            case AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_ULTRA_LOW:
+                return (byte) -59;
+            default:
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown TxPower level=" + txPowerFlag);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void stopMultiAdvertising(int appIf) {
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("stopAdvertising(%d) on %s", appIf, mAddress));
+        Advertiser advertiser = mAdvertisers.get(appIf);
+        if (advertiser == null) {
+            LOGGER.d(String.format("Advertising already stopped on %s, clientIf: %d", mAddress,
+                    appIf));
+            return;
+        }
+        mAdvertisers.remove(appIf);
+        final IBluetoothGattCallback callback = mClientCallbacks.get(appIf);
+        @SuppressWarnings("unused") // go/futurereturn-lsc
+        Future<?> possiblyIgnoredError =
+                DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.run(
+                        mAddress,
+                        () -> {
+                            callback.onMultiAdvertiseCallback(
+                                    BluetoothConstants.ADVERTISE_SUCCESS, false /* isStart */,
+                                    null /* setting */);
+                            return null;
+                        });
+    }
+
+    public void startScan(final int appIf, ScanSettings settings, List<ScanFilter> filters) {
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("startScan(%d) on %s", appIf, mAddress));
+        if (filters == null) {
+            filters = new ArrayList<>();
+        }
+        final Scanner scanner = new Scanner(appIf, settings, filters);
+        mScanners.put(appIf, scanner);
+        @SuppressWarnings("unused") // go/futurereturn-lsc
+        Future<?> possiblyIgnoredError =
+                DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.run(
+                        mAddress,
+                        () -> {
+                            try {
+                                scan(scanner);
+                            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                                LOGGER.e(
+                                        String.format("Failed to scan on %s, clientIf: %d.",
+                                                mAddress, scanner.mClientIf),
+                                        e);
+                            }
+                            return null;
+                        });
+    }
+
+    // TODO(b/200231384): support periodic scan with interval and scan window.
+    private void scan(Scanner scanner) throws InterruptedException {
+        // fetch existing advertisements
+        List<DeviceletImpl> devicelets = DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getDeviceletImpls();
+        for (DeviceletImpl devicelet : devicelets) {
+            BlueletImpl bluelet = devicelet.blueletImpl();
+            if (bluelet.address.equals(mAddress)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            for (Advertiser advertiser : bluelet.getGattDelegate().mAdvertisers.values()) {
+                if (VERSION.SDK_INT < 21) {
+                    throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
+                            String.format("API %d is not supported.", VERSION.SDK_INT));
+                }
+
+                byte[] advertiseData =
+                        GattHelper.convertAdvertiseData(
+                                advertiser.mAdvertiseData,
+                                advertiser.mTxPowerLevel,
+                                advertiser.mName,
+                                advertiser.mSettings.isConnectable());
+                byte[] scanResponse =
+                        GattHelper.convertAdvertiseData(
+                                advertiser.mScanResponse,
+                                advertiser.mTxPowerLevel,
+                                advertiser.mName,
+                                advertiser.mSettings.isConnectable());
+
+                ScanRecord scanRecord =
+                        ReflectionHelpers.callStaticMethod(
+                                ScanRecord.class,
+                                "parseFromBytes",
+                                ClassParameter.from(byte[].class,
+                                        Bytes.concat(advertiseData, scanResponse)));
+                ScanResult scanResult =
+                        new ScanResult(
+                                BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+                                        .getRemoteDevice(advertiser.mAddress),
+                                scanRecord,
+                                DEFAULT_RSSI,
+                                SystemClock.elapsedRealtimeNanos());
+
+                if (!matchFilters(scanResult, scanner.mFilters)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                IBluetoothGattCallback callback = mClientCallbacks.get(scanner.mClientIf);
+                if (callback == null) {
+                    LOGGER.e(
+                            String.format("Callback is null on %s, clientIf: %d", mAddress,
+                                    scanner.mClientIf));
+                    return;
+                }
+                callback.onScanResult(scanResult);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean matchFilters(ScanResult scanResult, List<ScanFilter> filters) {
+        for (ScanFilter filter : filters) {
+            if (!filter.matches(scanResult)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public void stopScan(int appIf) {
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("stopScan(%d) on %s", appIf, mAddress));
+        Scanner scanner = mScanners.get(appIf);
+        if (scanner == null) {
+            LOGGER.d(
+                    String.format("Scanning already stopped on %s, clientIf: %d", mAddress, appIf));
+            return;
+        }
+        mScanners.remove(appIf);
+    }
+
+    static class Service {
+
+        private Map<ParcelUuid, Characteristic> mCharacteristics = new HashMap<>();
+        private ParcelUuid mUuid;
+
+        Service(ParcelUuid uuid) {
+            this.mUuid = uuid;
+        }
+
+        Characteristic getCharacteristic(ParcelUuid uuid) {
+            return mCharacteristics.get(uuid);
+        }
+
+        Characteristic addCharacteristic(ParcelUuid uuid, int properties, int permissions) {
+            Characteristic ch = new Characteristic(uuid, properties, permissions);
+            mCharacteristics.put(uuid, ch);
+            return ch;
+        }
+
+        Collection<Characteristic> getCharacteristics() {
+            return mCharacteristics.values();
+        }
+
+        ParcelUuid getUuid() {
+            return this.mUuid;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Characteristic {
+
+        private int mProperties;
+        private ParcelUuid mUuid;
+        private Map<ParcelUuid, Descriptor> mDescriptors = new HashMap<>();
+        private Set<String> mNotifyClients = new HashSet<>();
+        private byte[] mValue;
+
+        Characteristic(ParcelUuid uuid, int properties, int permissions) {
+            this.mProperties = properties;
+            this.mUuid = uuid;
+        }
+
+        Descriptor getDescriptor(ParcelUuid uuid) {
+            return mDescriptors.get(uuid);
+        }
+
+        Descriptor addDescriptor(ParcelUuid uuid, int permissions) {
+            Descriptor desc = new Descriptor(uuid, permissions);
+            mDescriptors.put(uuid, desc);
+            return desc;
+        }
+
+        Collection<Descriptor> getDescriptors() {
+            return mDescriptors.values();
+        }
+
+        void setValue(byte[] value) {
+            this.mValue = value;
+        }
+
+        byte[] getValue() {
+            return mValue;
+        }
+
+        ParcelUuid getUuid() {
+            return mUuid;
+        }
+
+        int getProperties() {
+            return mProperties;
+        }
+
+        void registerNotification(String client, int clientIf) {
+            mNotifyClients.add(client);
+        }
+
+        Set<String> getNotifyClients() {
+            return mNotifyClients;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Descriptor {
+
+        int mPermissions;
+        ParcelUuid mUuid;
+        byte[] mValue;
+
+        Descriptor(ParcelUuid uuid, int permissions) {
+            this.mUuid = uuid;
+            this.mPermissions = permissions;
+        }
+
+        void setValue(byte[] value) {
+            this.mValue = value;
+        }
+
+        byte[] getValue() {
+            return mValue;
+        }
+
+        ParcelUuid getUuid() {
+            return mUuid;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static class Advertiser {
+
+        final int mClientIf;
+        final String mAddress;
+        final String mName;
+        final int mTxPowerLevel;
+        final AdvertiseData mAdvertiseData;
+        @Nullable
+        final AdvertiseData mScanResponse;
+        final AdvertiseSettings mSettings;
+
+        Advertiser(
+                int clientIf,
+                String address,
+                String name,
+                int txPowerLevel,
+                AdvertiseData advertiseData,
+                AdvertiseData scanResponse,
+                AdvertiseSettings settings) {
+            this.mClientIf = clientIf;
+            this.mAddress = Preconditions.checkNotNull(address);
+            this.mName = name;
+            this.mTxPowerLevel = txPowerLevel;
+            this.mAdvertiseData = Preconditions.checkNotNull(advertiseData);
+            this.mScanResponse = scanResponse;
+            this.mSettings = Preconditions.checkNotNull(settings);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static class Scanner {
+
+        final int mClientIf;
+        final ScanSettings mSettings;
+        final List<ScanFilter> mFilters;
+
+        Scanner(int clientIf, ScanSettings settings, List<ScanFilter> filters) {
+            this.mClientIf = clientIf;
+            this.mSettings = Preconditions.checkNotNull(settings);
+            this.mFilters = Preconditions.checkNotNull(filters);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/IBluetoothGattImpl.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/IBluetoothGattImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ac287d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/IBluetoothGattImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,707 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.IBluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.IBluetoothGattCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.IBluetoothGattServerCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanSettings;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.GattDelegate.ReadCharacteristicRequest;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.GattDelegate.ReadDescriptorRequest;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.GattDelegate.Request;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.NamedRunnable;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.Logger;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of IBluetoothGatt.
+ */
+public class IBluetoothGattImpl implements IBluetoothGatt {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.create("IBluetoothGattImpl");
+    private GattDelegate.Service mCurrentService;
+    private GattDelegate.Characteristic mCurrentCharacteristic;
+
+    @Override
+    public void startScan(
+            int appIf,
+            boolean isServer,
+            ScanSettings settings,
+            List<ScanFilter> filters,
+            List<?> scanStorages,
+            String callingPackage) {
+        localGattDelegate().startScan(appIf, settings, filters);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void startScan(
+            int appIf,
+            boolean isServer,
+            ScanSettings settings,
+            List<ScanFilter> filters,
+            List<?> scanStorages) {
+        startScan(appIf, isServer, settings, filters, scanStorages, "" /* callingPackage */);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void stopScan(int appIf, boolean isServer) {
+        localGattDelegate().stopScan(appIf);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void startMultiAdvertising(
+            int appIf,
+            AdvertiseData advertiseData,
+            AdvertiseData scanResponse,
+            AdvertiseSettings settings) {
+        localGattDelegate().startMultiAdvertising(appIf, advertiseData, scanResponse, settings);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void stopMultiAdvertising(int appIf) {
+        localGattDelegate().stopMultiAdvertising(appIf);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void registerClient(ParcelUuid appId, final IBluetoothGattCallback callback) {
+        final int clientIf = localGattDelegate().registerClient(callback);
+        NamedRunnable onClientRegistered =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ClientGatt.onClientRegistered=" + clientIf,
+                        () -> {
+                            callback.onClientRegistered(BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, clientIf);
+                        });
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(localAddress(), onClientRegistered);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void unregisterClient(int clientIf) {
+        localGattDelegate().unregisterClient(clientIf);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void clientConnect(
+            final int clientIf, final String serverAddress, boolean isDirect, int transport) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): implement auto connect.
+        String clientAddress = localAddress();
+        int serverIf = remoteGattDelegate(serverAddress).getServerIf();
+        boolean success = remoteGattDelegate(serverAddress).connect(clientAddress);
+        if (!success) {
+            LOGGER.i(String.format("clientConnect failed: %s connect %s", serverAddress,
+                    clientAddress));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(
+                clientAddress,
+                newClientConnectionStateChangeRunnable(clientIf, true, serverAddress));
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(
+                serverAddress,
+                newServerConnectionStateChangeRunnable(serverIf, true, clientAddress));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void clientDisconnect(final int clientIf, final String serverAddress) {
+        final String clientAddress = localAddress();
+        remoteGattDelegate(serverAddress).disconnect(clientAddress);
+        int serverIf = remoteGattDelegate(serverAddress).getServerIf();
+
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(
+                clientAddress,
+                newClientConnectionStateChangeRunnable(clientIf, false, serverAddress));
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(
+                serverAddress,
+                newServerConnectionStateChangeRunnable(serverIf, false, clientAddress));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void discoverServices(int clientIf, String serverAddress) {
+        final IBluetoothGattCallback callback = localGattDelegate().getClientCallback(clientIf);
+        if (callback == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        for (GattDelegate.Service service : remoteGattDelegate(serverAddress).getServices()) {
+            callback.onGetService(serverAddress, 0 /*srvcType*/, 0 /*srvcInstId*/,
+                    service.getUuid());
+
+            for (GattDelegate.Characteristic characteristic : service.getCharacteristics()) {
+                callback.onGetCharacteristic(
+                        serverAddress,
+                        0 /*srvcType*/,
+                        0 /*srvcInstId*/,
+                        service.getUuid(),
+                        0 /*charInstId*/,
+                        characteristic.getUuid(),
+                        characteristic.getProperties());
+                for (GattDelegate.Descriptor descriptor : characteristic.getDescriptors()) {
+                    callback.onGetDescriptor(
+                            serverAddress,
+                            0 /*srvcType*/,
+                            0 /*srvcInstId*/,
+                            service.getUuid(),
+                            0 /*charInstId*/,
+                            characteristic.getUuid(),
+                            0 /*descrInstId*/,
+                            descriptor.getUuid());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        callback.onSearchComplete(serverAddress, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void readCharacteristic(
+            final int clientIf,
+            final String serverAddress,
+            final int srvcType,
+            final int srvcInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid srvcId,
+            final int charInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid charId,
+            final int authReq) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): implement authReq.
+        final String clientAddress = localAddress();
+        localGattDelegate()
+                .setLastRequest(
+                        new ReadCharacteristicRequest(srvcType, srvcInstId, srvcId, charInstId,
+                                charId));
+
+        NamedRunnable serverOnCharacteristicReadRequest =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ServerGatt.onCharacteristicReadRequest",
+                        () -> {
+                            int serverIf = localGattDelegate().getServerIf();
+                            IBluetoothGattServerCallback callback =
+                                    localGattDelegate().getServerCallback(serverIf);
+                            if (callback != null) {
+                                callback.onCharacteristicReadRequest(
+                                        clientAddress,
+                                        0 /*transId*/,
+                                        0 /*offset*/,
+                                        false /*isLong*/,
+                                        0 /*srvcType*/,
+                                        srvcInstId,
+                                        srvcId,
+                                        charInstId,
+                                        charId);
+                            }
+                        });
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(serverAddress, serverOnCharacteristicReadRequest);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void writeCharacteristic(
+            final int clientIf,
+            final String serverAddress,
+            final int srvcType,
+            final int srvcInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid srvcId,
+            final int charInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid charId,
+            final int writeType,
+            final int authReq,
+            final byte[] value) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): implement write with response needed.
+        remoteGattDelegate(serverAddress).getService(srvcId).getCharacteristic(charId)
+                .setValue(value);
+        final String clientAddress = localAddress();
+
+        NamedRunnable clientOnCharacteristicWrite =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ClientGatt.onCharacteristicWrite",
+                        () -> {
+                            IBluetoothGattCallback callback = localGattDelegate().getClientCallback(
+                                    clientIf);
+                            if (callback != null) {
+                                callback.onCharacteristicWrite(
+                                        serverAddress,
+                                        BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,
+                                        0 /*srvcType*/,
+                                        srvcInstId,
+                                        srvcId,
+                                        charInstId,
+                                        charId);
+                            }
+                        });
+
+        NamedRunnable onCharacteristicWriteRequest =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ServerGatt.onCharacteristicWriteRequest",
+                        () -> {
+                            int serverIf = localGattDelegate().getServerIf();
+                            IBluetoothGattServerCallback callback =
+                                    localGattDelegate().getServerCallback(serverIf);
+                            if (callback != null) {
+                                callback.onCharacteristicWriteRequest(
+                                        clientAddress,
+                                        0 /*transId*/,
+                                        0 /*offset*/,
+                                        value.length,
+                                        false /*isPrep*/,
+                                        false /*needRsp*/,
+                                        0 /*srvcType*/,
+                                        srvcInstId,
+                                        srvcId,
+                                        charInstId,
+                                        charId,
+                                        value);
+                            }
+                        });
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(clientAddress, clientOnCharacteristicWrite);
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(serverAddress, onCharacteristicWriteRequest);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void readDescriptor(
+            final int clientIf,
+            final String serverAddress,
+            final int srvcType,
+            final int srvcInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid srvcId,
+            final int charInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid charId,
+            final int descrInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid descrId,
+            final int authReq) {
+        final String clientAddress = localAddress();
+        localGattDelegate()
+                .setLastRequest(
+                        new ReadDescriptorRequest(
+                                srvcType, srvcInstId, srvcId, charInstId, charId, descrInstId,
+                                descrId));
+
+        NamedRunnable serverOnDescriptorReadRequest =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ServerGatt.onDescriptorReadRequest",
+                        () -> {
+                            int serverIf = localGattDelegate().getServerIf();
+                            IBluetoothGattServerCallback callback =
+                                    localGattDelegate().getServerCallback(serverIf);
+                            if (callback != null) {
+                                callback.onDescriptorReadRequest(
+                                        clientAddress,
+                                        0 /*transId*/,
+                                        0 /*offset*/,
+                                        false /*isLong*/,
+                                        0 /*srvcType*/,
+                                        srvcInstId,
+                                        srvcId,
+                                        charInstId,
+                                        charId,
+                                        descrId);
+                            }
+                        });
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(serverAddress, serverOnDescriptorReadRequest);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void writeDescriptor(
+            final int clientIf,
+            final String serverAddress,
+            final int srvcType,
+            final int srvcInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid srvcId,
+            final int charInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid charId,
+            final int descrInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid descrId,
+            final int writeType,
+            final int authReq,
+            final byte[] value) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): implement write with response needed.
+        remoteGattDelegate(serverAddress)
+                .getService(srvcId)
+                .getCharacteristic(charId)
+                .getDescriptor(descrId)
+                .setValue(value);
+        final String clientAddress = localAddress();
+
+        NamedRunnable serverOnDescriptorWriteRequest =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ServerGatt.onDescriptorWriteRequest",
+                        () -> {
+                            int serverIf = localGattDelegate().getServerIf();
+                            IBluetoothGattServerCallback callback =
+                                    localGattDelegate().getServerCallback(serverIf);
+                            if (callback != null) {
+                                callback.onDescriptorWriteRequest(
+                                        clientAddress,
+                                        0 /*transId*/,
+                                        0 /*offset*/,
+                                        value.length,
+                                        false /*isPrep*/,
+                                        false /*needRsp*/,
+                                        0 /*srvcType*/,
+                                        srvcInstId,
+                                        srvcId,
+                                        charInstId,
+                                        charId,
+                                        descrId,
+                                        value);
+                            }
+                        });
+
+        NamedRunnable clientOnDescriptorWrite =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ClientGatt.onDescriptorWrite",
+                        () -> {
+                            IBluetoothGattCallback callback = localGattDelegate().getClientCallback(
+                                    clientIf);
+                            if (callback != null) {
+                                callback.onDescriptorWrite(
+                                        serverAddress,
+                                        BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,
+                                        0 /*srvcType*/,
+                                        srvcInstId,
+                                        srvcId,
+                                        charInstId,
+                                        charId,
+                                        descrInstId,
+                                        descrId);
+                            }
+                        });
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(serverAddress, serverOnDescriptorWriteRequest);
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(clientAddress, clientOnDescriptorWrite);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void registerForNotification(
+            int clientIf,
+            String remoteAddress,
+            int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstId,
+            ParcelUuid srvcId,
+            int charInstId,
+            ParcelUuid charId,
+            boolean enable) {
+        remoteGattDelegate(remoteAddress)
+                .getService(srvcId)
+                .getCharacteristic(charId)
+                .registerNotification(localAddress(), clientIf);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void registerServer(ParcelUuid appId, final IBluetoothGattServerCallback callback) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): support multiple serverIf.
+        final int serverIf = localGattDelegate().registerServer(callback);
+        NamedRunnable serverOnRegistered =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ServerGatt.onServerRegistered",
+                        () -> {
+                            callback.onServerRegistered(BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, serverIf);
+                        });
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(localAddress(), serverOnRegistered);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void unregisterServer(int serverIf) {
+        localGattDelegate().unregisterServer(serverIf);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void serverConnect(
+            final int serverIf, final String clientAddress, boolean isDirect, int transport) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): implement isDirect and transport.
+        boolean success = localGattDelegate().connect(clientAddress);
+        final String serverAddress = localAddress();
+        if (!success) {
+            return;
+        }
+        int clientIf = remoteGattDelegate(clientAddress).getClientIf();
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(
+                serverAddress,
+                newServerConnectionStateChangeRunnable(serverIf, true, clientAddress));
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(
+                clientAddress,
+                newClientConnectionStateChangeRunnable(clientIf, true, serverAddress));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void serverDisconnect(final int serverIf, final String clientAddress) {
+        localGattDelegate().disconnect(clientAddress);
+        String serverAddress = localAddress();
+        int clientIf = remoteGattDelegate(clientAddress).getClientIf();
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(
+                serverAddress,
+                newServerConnectionStateChangeRunnable(serverIf, false, clientAddress));
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(
+                clientAddress,
+                newClientConnectionStateChangeRunnable(clientIf, false, serverAddress));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void beginServiceDeclaration(
+            int serverIf,
+            int srvcType,
+            int srvcInstId,
+            int minHandles,
+            ParcelUuid srvcId,
+            boolean advertisePreferred) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): support different service type, instanceId, advertisePreferred.
+        mCurrentService = localGattDelegate().addService(srvcId);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void addIncludedService(int serverIf, int srvcType, int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcId) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): implement this.
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void addCharacteristic(int serverIf, ParcelUuid charId, int properties,
+            int permissions) {
+        mCurrentCharacteristic = mCurrentService.addCharacteristic(charId, properties, permissions);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void addDescriptor(int serverIf, ParcelUuid descId, int permissions) {
+        mCurrentCharacteristic.addDescriptor(descId, permissions);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void endServiceDeclaration(int serverIf) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): choose correct srvc type and inst id.
+        IBluetoothGattServerCallback callback = localGattDelegate().getServerCallback(serverIf);
+        if (callback != null) {
+            callback.onServiceAdded(
+                    BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, 0 /*srvcType*/, 0 /*srvcInstId*/,
+                    mCurrentService.getUuid());
+        }
+        mCurrentService = null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void removeService(int serverIf, int srvcType, int srvcInstId, ParcelUuid srvcId) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): implement remove service.
+        // localGattDelegate().removeService(srvcId);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void clearServices(int serverIf) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): support multiple serverIf.
+        // localGattDelegate().clearService();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void sendResponse(
+            int serverIf, String clientAddress, int requestId, int status, int offset,
+            byte[] value) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): implement more operations.
+        String serverAddress = localAddress();
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(
+                clientAddress,
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ClientGatt.receiveResponse",
+                        () -> {
+                            IBluetoothGattCallback callback =
+                                    localGattDelegate().getClientCallback(
+                                            localGattDelegate().getClientIf());
+                            if (callback != null) {
+                                Request request = localGattDelegate().getLastRequest();
+                                localGattDelegate().setLastRequest(null);
+                                if (request != null) {
+                                    if (request instanceof ReadCharacteristicRequest) {
+                                        callback.onCharacteristicRead(
+                                                serverAddress,
+                                                status,
+                                                request.mSrvcType,
+                                                request.mSrvcInstId,
+                                                request.mSrvcId,
+                                                request.mCharInstId,
+                                                request.mCharId,
+                                                value);
+                                    } else if (request instanceof ReadDescriptorRequest) {
+                                        ReadDescriptorRequest readDescriptorRequest =
+                                                (ReadDescriptorRequest) request;
+                                        callback.onDescriptorRead(
+                                                serverAddress,
+                                                status,
+                                                readDescriptorRequest.mSrvcType,
+                                                readDescriptorRequest.mSrvcInstId,
+                                                readDescriptorRequest.mSrvcId,
+                                                readDescriptorRequest.mCharInstId,
+                                                readDescriptorRequest.mCharId,
+                                                readDescriptorRequest.mDescrInstId,
+                                                readDescriptorRequest.mDescrId,
+                                                value);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void sendNotification(
+            final int serverIf,
+            final String address,
+            final int srvcType,
+            final int srvcInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid srvcId,
+            final int charInstId,
+            final ParcelUuid charId,
+            boolean confirm,
+            final byte[] value) {
+        GattDelegate.Characteristic characteristic =
+                localGattDelegate().getService(srvcId).getCharacteristic(charId);
+        characteristic.setValue(value);
+        final String serverAddress = localAddress();
+        for (final String clientAddress : characteristic.getNotifyClients()) {
+            NamedRunnable clientOnNotify =
+                    NamedRunnable.create(
+                            "ClientGatt.onNotify",
+                            () -> {
+                                int clientIf = localGattDelegate().getClientIf();
+                                IBluetoothGattCallback callback =
+                                        localGattDelegate().getClientCallback(clientIf);
+                                if (callback != null) {
+                                    callback.onNotify(
+                                            serverAddress, srvcType, srvcInstId, srvcId, charInstId,
+                                            charId, value);
+                                }
+                            });
+
+            DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(clientAddress, clientOnNotify);
+        }
+
+        NamedRunnable serverOnNotificationSent =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ServerGatt.onNotificationSent",
+                        () -> {
+                            IBluetoothGattServerCallback callback =
+                                    localGattDelegate().getServerCallback(serverIf);
+                            if (callback != null) {
+                                callback.onNotificationSent(address, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS);
+                            }
+                        });
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(serverAddress, serverOnNotificationSent);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void configureMTU(int clientIf, String address, int mtu) {
+        final String clientAddress = localAddress();
+
+        NamedRunnable clientSetMtu =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ClientGatt.setMtu",
+                        () -> {
+                            localGattDelegate().clientSetMtu(clientIf, mtu, address);
+                        });
+        NamedRunnable serverSetMtu =
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "ServerGatt.setMtu",
+                        () -> {
+                            int serverIf = localGattDelegate().getServerIf();
+                            localGattDelegate().serverSetMtu(serverIf, mtu, clientAddress);
+                        });
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(clientAddress, clientSetMtu);
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.runOnService(address, serverSetMtu);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void connectionParameterUpdate(int clientIf, String address, int connectionPriority) {
+        // TODO(b/200231384): Implement.
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void disconnectAll() {
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public List<BluetoothDevice> getDevicesMatchingConnectionStates(int[] states) {
+        return new ArrayList<>();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static GattDelegate remoteGattDelegate(String address) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getBlueletImpl(address).getGattDelegate();
+    }
+
+    private static GattDelegate localGattDelegate() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalBlueletImpl().getGattDelegate();
+    }
+
+    private static String localAddress() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalBlueletImpl().address;
+    }
+
+    private static NamedRunnable newClientConnectionStateChangeRunnable(
+            final int clientIf, final boolean isConnected, final String serverAddress) {
+        return NamedRunnable.create(
+                "ClientGatt.clientConnectionStateChange",
+                () -> {
+                    localGattDelegate()
+                            .clientConnectionStateChange(
+                                    BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, clientIf, isConnected,
+                                    serverAddress);
+                });
+    }
+
+    private static NamedRunnable newServerConnectionStateChangeRunnable(
+            final int serverIf, final boolean isConnected, final String clientAddress) {
+        return NamedRunnable.create(
+                "ServerGatt.serverConnectionStateChange",
+                () -> {
+                    localGattDelegate()
+                            .serverConnectionStateChange(
+                                    BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, serverIf, isConnected,
+                                    clientAddress);
+                });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/IBluetoothImpl.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/IBluetoothImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccf0ac3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/IBluetoothImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.IBluetooth;
+import android.bluetooth.OobData;
+import android.content.AttributionSource;
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Bluelet.CreateBondOutcome;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Bluelet.FetchUuidsTiming;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Bluelet.IoCapabilities;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.AdapterDelegate.State;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.BlueletImpl.PairingConfirmation;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.Logger;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of IBluetooth interface.
+ */
+public class IBluetoothImpl implements IBluetooth {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.create("BlueletImpl");
+
+    private enum PairingVariant {
+        JUST_WORKS,
+        /**
+         * AKA Passkey Confirmation.
+         */
+        NUMERIC_COMPARISON,
+        PASSKEY_INPUT,
+        CONSENT
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * User will be prompted to accept or deny the incoming pairing request.
+     */
+    private static final int PAIRING_VARIANT_CONSENT = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * User will be prompted to enter the passkey displayed on remote device. This is used for
+     * Bluetooth 2.1 pairing.
+     */
+    private static final int PAIRING_VARIANT_DISPLAY_PASSKEY = 4;
+
+    public IBluetoothImpl() {
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getAddress() {
+        return localBlueletImpl().address;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getName() {
+        return localBlueletImpl().mName;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean setName(String name) {
+        localBlueletImpl().mName = name;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getRemoteClass(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress()).getAdapterDelegate().getBluetoothClass();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getRemoteName(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress()).mName;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getRemoteType(BluetoothDevice device, AttributionSource attributionSource) {
+        return BluetoothDevice.DEVICE_TYPE_LE;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ParcelUuid[] getRemoteUuids(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress()).mProfileUuids;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean fetchRemoteUuids(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        localBlueletImpl().onFetchedUuids(device.getAddress(), getRemoteUuids(device));
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getBondState(BluetoothDevice device, AttributionSource attributionSource) {
+        return localBlueletImpl().getBondState(device.getAddress());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean createBond(BluetoothDevice device, int transport, OobData remoteP192Data,
+            OobData remoteP256Data, AttributionSource attributionSource) {
+        setBondState(device.getAddress(), BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING, BlueletImpl.REASON_SUCCESS);
+
+        BlueletImpl remoteBluelet = remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress());
+        BlueletImpl localBluelet = localBlueletImpl();
+
+        // Like the real Bluetooth stack, choose a pairing variant based on IO Capabilities.
+        // https://blog.bluetooth.com/bluetooth-pairing-part-2-key-generation-methods
+        PairingVariant variant = PairingVariant.JUST_WORKS;
+        if (localBluelet.getIoCapabilities() == IoCapabilities.DISPLAY_YES_NO) {
+            if (remoteBluelet.getIoCapabilities() == IoCapabilities.DISPLAY_YES_NO) {
+                variant = PairingVariant.NUMERIC_COMPARISON;
+            } else if (remoteBluelet.getIoCapabilities() == IoCapabilities.KEYBOARD_ONLY) {
+                variant = PairingVariant.PASSKEY_INPUT;
+            } else if (remoteBluelet.getIoCapabilities() == IoCapabilities.NO_INPUT_NO_OUTPUT
+                    && localBluelet.getEnableCVE20192225()) {
+                // After CVE-2019-2225, Bluetooth decides to ask consent instead of JustWorks.
+                variant = PairingVariant.CONSENT;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Bonding doesn't complete until the passkey is confirmed on both devices. The passkey is a
+        // positive 6-digit integer, generated by the Bluetooth stack.
+        int passkey = new Random().nextInt(999999) + 1;
+        switch (variant) {
+            case NUMERIC_COMPARISON:
+                localBluelet.onPairingRequest(
+                        remoteBluelet.address, BluetoothDevice.PAIRING_VARIANT_PASSKEY_CONFIRMATION,
+                        passkey);
+                remoteBluelet.onPairingRequest(
+                        localBluelet.address, BluetoothDevice.PAIRING_VARIANT_PASSKEY_CONFIRMATION,
+                        passkey);
+                break;
+            case JUST_WORKS:
+                // Bonding completes immediately, with no PAIRING_REQUEST broadcast.
+                finishBonding(device);
+                break;
+            case PASSKEY_INPUT:
+                localBluelet.onPairingRequest(
+                        remoteBluelet.address, PAIRING_VARIANT_DISPLAY_PASSKEY, passkey);
+                localBluelet.mPassKey = passkey;
+                remoteBluelet.onPairingRequest(
+                        localBluelet.address, PAIRING_VARIANT_DISPLAY_PASSKEY, passkey);
+                break;
+            case CONSENT:
+                localBluelet.onPairingRequest(remoteBluelet.address,
+                        PAIRING_VARIANT_CONSENT, /* key= */ 0);
+                if (remoteBluelet.getIoCapabilities() == IoCapabilities.NO_INPUT_NO_OUTPUT) {
+                    remoteBluelet.setPairingConfirmation(localBluelet.address,
+                            PairingConfirmation.CONFIRMED);
+                } else {
+                    remoteBluelet.onPairingRequest(
+                            localBluelet.address, PAIRING_VARIANT_CONSENT, /* key= */ 0);
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private void finishBonding(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        BlueletImpl remoteBluelet = remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress());
+        finishBonding(
+                device, remoteBluelet.getCreateBondOutcome(),
+                remoteBluelet.getCreateBondFailureReason());
+    }
+
+    private void finishBonding(BluetoothDevice device, CreateBondOutcome outcome,
+            int failureReason) {
+        switch (outcome) {
+            case SUCCESS:
+                setBondState(device.getAddress(), BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED,
+                        BlueletImpl.REASON_SUCCESS);
+                break;
+            case FAILURE:
+                setBondState(device.getAddress(), BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE, failureReason);
+                break;
+            case TIMEOUT:
+                // Send nothing.
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean setPairingConfirmation(BluetoothDevice device, boolean confirmed,
+            AttributionSource attributionSource) {
+        localBlueletImpl()
+                .setPairingConfirmation(
+                        device.getAddress(),
+                        confirmed ? PairingConfirmation.CONFIRMED : PairingConfirmation.DENIED);
+
+        PairingConfirmation remoteConfirmation =
+                remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress()).getPairingConfirmation(
+                        localBlueletImpl().address);
+        if (confirmed && remoteConfirmation == PairingConfirmation.CONFIRMED) {
+            LOGGER.d(String.format("CONFIRMED"));
+            finishBonding(device);
+        } else if (!confirmed || remoteConfirmation == PairingConfirmation.DENIED) {
+            LOGGER.d(String.format("NOT CONFIRMED"));
+            finishBonding(device, CreateBondOutcome.FAILURE, BlueletImpl.UNBOND_REASON_AUTH_FAILED);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean setPasskey(BluetoothDevice device, int passkey) {
+        BlueletImpl remoteBluelet = remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress());
+        if (passkey == remoteBluelet.mPassKey) {
+            finishBonding(device);
+        } else {
+            finishBonding(device, CreateBondOutcome.FAILURE, BlueletImpl.UNBOND_REASON_AUTH_FAILED);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean cancelBondProcess(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        finishBonding(device, CreateBondOutcome.FAILURE, BlueletImpl.UNBOND_REASON_AUTH_CANCELED);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean removeBond(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        setBondState(device.getAddress(), BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE, BlueletImpl.REASON_SUCCESS);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public BluetoothDevice[] getBondedDevices() {
+        return localBlueletImpl().getBondedDevices();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getAdapterConnectionState() {
+        return localBlueletImpl().getAdapterConnectionState();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getProfileConnectionState(int profile) {
+        return localBlueletImpl().getProfileConnectionState(profile);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getPhonebookAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress()).mPhonebookAccessPermission;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean setPhonebookAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device, int value) {
+        remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress()).mPhonebookAccessPermission = value;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getMessageAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress()).mMessageAccessPermission;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean setMessageAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device, int value) {
+        remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress()).mMessageAccessPermission = value;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getSimAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress()).mSimAccessPermission;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean setSimAccessPermission(BluetoothDevice device, int value) {
+        remoteBlueletImpl(device.getAddress()).mSimAccessPermission = value;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static void setBondState(String remoteAddress, int state, int failureReason) {
+        BlueletImpl remoteBluelet = remoteBlueletImpl(remoteAddress);
+
+        if (remoteBluelet.getFetchUuidsTiming() == FetchUuidsTiming.BEFORE_BONDING) {
+            fetchUuidsOnBondedState(remoteAddress, state);
+        }
+
+        remoteBluelet.setBondState(localBlueletImpl().address, state, failureReason);
+        localBlueletImpl().setBondState(remoteAddress, state, failureReason);
+
+        if (remoteBluelet.getFetchUuidsTiming() == FetchUuidsTiming.AFTER_BONDING) {
+            fetchUuidsOnBondedState(remoteAddress, state);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void fetchUuidsOnBondedState(String remoteAddress, int state) {
+        if (state == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
+            remoteBlueletImpl(remoteAddress)
+                    .onFetchedUuids(localBlueletImpl().address, localBlueletImpl().mProfileUuids);
+            localBlueletImpl()
+                    .onFetchedUuids(remoteAddress, remoteBlueletImpl(remoteAddress).mProfileUuids);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getScanMode() {
+        return localBlueletImpl().getAdapterDelegate().getScanMode();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean setScanMode(int mode, int duration) {
+        localBlueletImpl().getAdapterDelegate().setScanMode(mode);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getDiscoverableTimeout() {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean setDiscoverableTimeout(int timeout) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean startDiscovery() {
+        localBlueletImpl().getAdapterDelegate().startDiscovery();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean cancelDiscovery() {
+        localBlueletImpl().getAdapterDelegate().cancelDiscovery();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isDiscovering() {
+        return localBlueletImpl().getAdapterDelegate().isDiscovering();
+
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isEnabled() {
+        return localBlueletImpl().getAdapterDelegate().getState().equals(State.ON);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getState() {
+        return localBlueletImpl().getAdapterDelegate().getState().getValue();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean enable() {
+        localBlueletImpl().enableAdapter();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean disable() {
+        localBlueletImpl().disableAdapter();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ParcelFileDescriptor connectSocket(BluetoothDevice device, int type, ParcelUuid uuid,
+            int port, int flag) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                port == BluetoothConstants.SOCKET_CHANNEL_CONNECT_WITH_UUID,
+                "Connect to port is not supported.");
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                type == BluetoothConstants.TYPE_RFCOMM,
+                "Only Rfcomm socket is supported.");
+        return localBlueletImpl().getRfcommDelegate()
+                .connectSocket(device.getAddress(), uuid.getUuid());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ParcelFileDescriptor createSocketChannel(int type, String serviceName, ParcelUuid uuid,
+            int port, int flag) {
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                port == BluetoothConstants.SERVER_SOCKET_CHANNEL_AUTO_ASSIGN,
+                "Listen on port is not supported.");
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                type == BluetoothConstants.TYPE_RFCOMM,
+                "Only Rfcomm socket is supported.");
+        return localBlueletImpl().getRfcommDelegate().createSocketChannel(serviceName, uuid);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isMultiAdvertisementSupported() {
+        return maxAdvertiseInstances() > 1;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isPeripheralModeSupported() {
+        return maxAdvertiseInstances() > 0;
+    }
+
+    private int maxAdvertiseInstances() {
+        return localBlueletImpl().getGattDelegate().getMaxAdvertiseInstances();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isOffloadedFilteringSupported() {
+        return localBlueletImpl().getGattDelegate().isOffloadedFilteringSupported();
+    }
+
+    private static BlueletImpl localBlueletImpl() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalBlueletImpl();
+    }
+
+    private static BlueletImpl remoteBlueletImpl(String address) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getBlueletImpl(address);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/IBluetoothManagerImpl.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/IBluetoothManagerImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb38a41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/IBluetoothManagerImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.IBluetooth;
+import android.bluetooth.IBluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.IBluetoothManager;
+import android.bluetooth.IBluetoothManagerCallback;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of IBluetoothManager interface
+ */
+public class IBluetoothManagerImpl implements IBluetoothManager {
+
+    private final IBluetooth mFakeBluetoothService = new IBluetoothImpl();
+    private final IBluetoothGatt mFakeGattService = new IBluetoothGattImpl();
+
+    @Override
+    public String getAddress() {
+        return mFakeBluetoothService.getAddress();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getName() {
+        return mFakeBluetoothService.getName();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public IBluetooth registerAdapter(IBluetoothManagerCallback callback) {
+        return mFakeBluetoothService;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public IBluetoothGatt getBluetoothGatt() {
+        return mFakeGattService;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean enable() {
+        mFakeBluetoothService.enable();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean disable(boolean persist) {
+        mFakeBluetoothService.disable();
+        return true;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/FileDescriptorFactory.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/FileDescriptorFactory.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12fa587
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/FileDescriptorFactory.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+/**
+ * Factory which creates {@link FileDescriptor} given an MAC address. Each MAC address can have many
+ * FileDescriptor but each FileDescriptor only maps to one MAC address.
+ */
+public class FileDescriptorFactory {
+
+    private static FileDescriptorFactory sInstance = null;
+
+    public static synchronized FileDescriptorFactory getInstance() {
+        if (sInstance == null) {
+            sInstance = new FileDescriptorFactory();
+        }
+        return sInstance;
+    }
+
+    public static synchronized void reset() {
+        sInstance = null;
+    }
+
+    private final Map<FileDescriptor, String> mAddressMap;
+
+    private FileDescriptorFactory() {
+        mAddressMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+    }
+
+    public FileDescriptor createFileDescriptor(String address) {
+        FileDescriptor fd = new FileDescriptor();
+        mAddressMap.put(fd, address);
+        return fd;
+    }
+
+    public String getAddress(FileDescriptor fd) {
+        return mAddressMap.get(fd);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/PageScanHandler.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/PageScanHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82b97ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/PageScanHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection;
+
+import android.os.Build.VERSION;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.MacAddressGenerator;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
+
+/**
+ * Encapsulate page scan operations -- handle connection establishment between Bluetooth devices.
+ */
+public class PageScanHandler {
+
+    private static final ConnectionRequest REQUEST_SERVER_SOCKET_CLOSE = new ConnectionRequest();
+
+    private static PageScanHandler sInstance = null;
+
+    public static synchronized PageScanHandler getInstance() {
+        if (sInstance == null) {
+            sInstance = new PageScanHandler();
+        }
+        return sInstance;
+    }
+
+    public static synchronized void reset() {
+        sInstance = null;
+    }
+
+    // use FileDescriptor to identify incoming data before socket is connected.
+    private final Map<FileDescriptor, BlockingQueue<Integer>> mIncomingDataMap;
+    // map a server socket fd to a connection request queue
+    private final Map<FileDescriptor, BlockingQueue<ConnectionRequest>> mConnectionRequests;
+    // map a fd on client side to a fd of BluetoothSocket(not BluetoothServerSocket) on server side
+    private final Map<FileDescriptor, FileDescriptor> mClientServerFdMap;
+    // map a client fd to a connection request so the client socket can finish the pending
+    // connection
+    private final Map<FileDescriptor, ConnectionRequest> mPendingConnections;
+
+    private PageScanHandler() {
+        mIncomingDataMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+        mConnectionRequests = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+        mClientServerFdMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+        mPendingConnections = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+    }
+
+    public void postConnectionRequest(FileDescriptor serverSocketFd, ConnectionRequest request)
+            throws InterruptedException {
+        // used by the returning socket on server-side
+        FileDescriptor fd = FileDescriptorFactory.getInstance()
+                .createFileDescriptor(request.mServerAddress);
+        mClientServerFdMap.put(request.mClientFd, fd);
+        BlockingQueue<ConnectionRequest> requests = mConnectionRequests.get(serverSocketFd);
+        requests.put(request);
+        mPendingConnections.put(request.mClientFd, request);
+    }
+
+    public void addServerSocket(FileDescriptor serverSocketFd) {
+        mConnectionRequests.put(serverSocketFd, new LinkedBlockingQueue<ConnectionRequest>());
+    }
+
+    public FileDescriptor getServerFd(FileDescriptor clientFd) {
+        return mClientServerFdMap.get(clientFd);
+    }
+
+    // TODO(b/79994182): see go/objecttostring-lsc
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public FileDescriptor processNextConnectionRequest(FileDescriptor serverSocketFd)
+            throws IOException, InterruptedException {
+        ConnectionRequest request = mConnectionRequests.get(serverSocketFd).take();
+        if (request == REQUEST_SERVER_SOCKET_CLOSE) {
+            // TODO(b/79994182): FileDescriptor does not implement toString() in serverSocketFd
+            throw new IOException("Server socket is closed. fd: " + serverSocketFd);
+        }
+        writeInitialConnectionInfo(serverSocketFd, request.mClientAddress, request.mPort);
+        return request.mClientFd;
+    }
+
+    public void waitForConnectionEstablished(FileDescriptor clientFd) throws InterruptedException {
+        ConnectionRequest request = mPendingConnections.get(clientFd);
+        if (request != null) {
+            request.mCountDownLatch.await();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void finishPendingConnection(FileDescriptor clientFd) {
+        ConnectionRequest request = mPendingConnections.get(clientFd);
+        if (request != null) {
+            request.mCountDownLatch.countDown();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void cancelServerSocket(FileDescriptor serverSocketFd) throws InterruptedException {
+        mConnectionRequests.get(serverSocketFd).put(REQUEST_SERVER_SOCKET_CLOSE);
+    }
+
+    public void writeInitialConnectionInfo(FileDescriptor fd, String address, int port)
+            throws InterruptedException {
+        for (byte b : initialConnectionInfo(address, port)) {
+            write(fd, Integer.valueOf(b));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void writePort(FileDescriptor fd, int port) throws InterruptedException {
+        byte[] bytes = ByteBuffer.allocate(4).order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN).putInt(port).array();
+        for (byte b : bytes) {
+            write(fd, Integer.valueOf(b));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void write(FileDescriptor fd, int data) throws InterruptedException {
+        BlockingQueue<Integer> incomingData = mIncomingDataMap.get(fd);
+        if (incomingData == null) {
+            synchronized (mIncomingDataMap) {
+                incomingData = mIncomingDataMap.get(fd);
+                if (incomingData == null) {
+                    incomingData = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Integer>();
+                    mIncomingDataMap.put(fd, incomingData);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        incomingData.put(data);
+    }
+
+    public int read(FileDescriptor fd) throws InterruptedException {
+        return mIncomingDataMap.get(fd).take();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A connection request from a {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket}.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static class ConnectionRequest {
+
+        final FileDescriptor mClientFd;
+        final String mClientAddress;
+        final String mServerAddress;
+        final int mPort;
+        final CountDownLatch mCountDownLatch; // block server socket until connection established
+
+        public ConnectionRequest(FileDescriptor fd, String clientAddress, String serverAddress,
+                int port) {
+            mClientFd = fd;
+            this.mClientAddress = clientAddress;
+            this.mServerAddress = serverAddress;
+            this.mPort = port;
+            mCountDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        }
+
+        private ConnectionRequest() {
+            mClientFd = null;
+            mClientAddress = null;
+            mServerAddress = null;
+            mPort = -1;
+            mCountDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] initialConnectionInfo(String addr, int port) {
+        byte[] mac = MacAddressGenerator.convertStringMacAddress(addr);
+        int channel = port;
+        int status = 0;
+
+        if (VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
+            byte[] signal = new byte[16];
+            short signalSize = 16;
+            ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(signal);
+            buffer.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+                    .putShort(signalSize)
+                    .put(mac)
+                    .putInt(channel)
+                    .putInt(status);
+            return buffer.array();
+        } else {
+            byte[] signal = new byte[20];
+            short signalSize = 20;
+            short maxTxPacketSize = 10000;
+            short maxRxPacketSize = 10000;
+            ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(signal);
+            buffer.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+                    .putShort(signalSize)
+                    .put(mac)
+                    .putInt(channel)
+                    .putInt(status)
+                    .putShort(maxTxPacketSize)
+                    .putShort(maxRxPacketSize);
+            return buffer.array();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/PhysicalLink.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/PhysicalLink.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e474c69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/PhysicalLink.java
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.Logger;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Map.Entry;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+
+/**
+ * A class represents a physical link for communications between two Bluetooth devices.
+ */
+public class PhysicalLink {
+
+    // Intended to use RfcommDelegate
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.create("RfcommDelegate");
+
+    private final Object mLock;
+    // Every socket has unique FileDescriptor, so use it as socket identifier during communication
+    private final Map<FileDescriptor, RfcommSocketConnection> mConnectionLookup;
+    // Map fd of a socket to the fd of the other socket it connects to
+    private final Map<FileDescriptor, FileDescriptor> mFdMap;
+    private final Set<RfcommSocketConnection> mConnections;
+    private final AtomicBoolean mIsEncrypted;
+    private final Map<String, RfcommDelegate.Callback> mCallbacks = new HashMap<>();
+
+    public PhysicalLink(String address1, String address2) {
+        this(address1,
+                DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getBlueletImpl(address1).getRfcommDelegate().mCallback,
+                address2,
+                DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getBlueletImpl(address2).getRfcommDelegate().mCallback,
+                new ConcurrentHashMap<FileDescriptor, RfcommSocketConnection>(),
+                new ConcurrentHashMap<FileDescriptor, FileDescriptor>(),
+                Sets.<RfcommSocketConnection>newConcurrentHashSet());
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    PhysicalLink(String address1, RfcommDelegate.Callback callback1,
+            String address2, RfcommDelegate.Callback callback2,
+            Map<FileDescriptor, RfcommSocketConnection> connectionLookup,
+            Map<FileDescriptor, FileDescriptor> fdMap,
+            Set<RfcommSocketConnection> connections) {
+        mLock = new Object();
+        mCallbacks.put(address1, callback1);
+        mCallbacks.put(address2, callback2);
+        this.mConnectionLookup = connectionLookup;
+        this.mFdMap = fdMap;
+        this.mConnections = connections;
+        mIsEncrypted = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+    }
+
+    public void addConnection(FileDescriptor fd1, FileDescriptor fd2) {
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            int oldSize = mConnections.size();
+            RfcommSocketConnection connection = new RfcommSocketConnection(
+                    FileDescriptorFactory.getInstance().getAddress(fd1),
+                    FileDescriptorFactory.getInstance().getAddress(fd2)
+            );
+            mConnections.add(connection);
+            mConnectionLookup.put(fd1, connection);
+            mConnectionLookup.put(fd2, connection);
+            mFdMap.put(fd1, fd2);
+            mFdMap.put(fd2, fd1);
+            if (oldSize == 0) {
+                onConnectionStateChange(true);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // TODO(b/79994182): see go/objecttostring-lsc
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public void closeConnection(FileDescriptor fd) {
+        // check for early return without locking
+        if (!mConnectionLookup.containsKey(fd)) {
+            // TODO(b/79994182): FileDescriptor does not implement toString() in fd
+            LOGGER.d("Connection doesn't exist, FileDescriptor: " + fd);
+            return;
+        }
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            RfcommSocketConnection connection = mConnectionLookup.get(fd);
+            if (connection == null) {
+                // TODO(b/79994182): FileDescriptor does not implement toString() in fd
+                LOGGER.d("Connection doesn't exist, FileDescriptor: " + fd);
+                return;
+            }
+            int oldSize = mConnections.size();
+            FileDescriptor connectingFd = mFdMap.get(fd);
+            mConnectionLookup.remove(fd);
+            mConnectionLookup.remove(connectingFd);
+            mFdMap.remove(fd);
+            mFdMap.remove(connectingFd);
+            mConnections.remove(connection);
+            if (oldSize == 1) {
+                onConnectionStateChange(false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public RfcommSocketConnection getConnection(FileDescriptor fd) {
+        return mConnectionLookup.get(fd);
+    }
+
+    public void encrypt() {
+        mIsEncrypted.set(true);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isEncrypted() {
+        return mIsEncrypted.get();
+    }
+
+    public boolean isConnected() {
+        return !mConnections.isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    private void onConnectionStateChange(boolean isConnected) {
+        for (Entry<String, RfcommDelegate.Callback> entry : mCallbacks.entrySet()) {
+            RfcommDelegate.Callback callback = entry.getValue();
+            String localAddress = entry.getKey();
+            callback.onConnectionStateChange(getRemoteAddress(localAddress), isConnected);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private String getRemoteAddress(String address) {
+        String remoteAddress = null;
+        for (String addr : mCallbacks.keySet()) {
+            if (!addr.equals(address)) {
+                remoteAddress = addr;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        return remoteAddress;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Represents a Rfcomm socket connection between two {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket}.
+     */
+    public static class RfcommSocketConnection {
+
+        final Map<String, BlockingQueue<Integer>> mIncomingDataMap; // address : incomingData
+
+        public RfcommSocketConnection(String address1, String address2) {
+            mIncomingDataMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+            mIncomingDataMap.put(address1, new LinkedBlockingQueue<Integer>());
+            mIncomingDataMap.put(address2, new LinkedBlockingQueue<Integer>());
+        }
+
+        public void write(String address, int b) throws InterruptedException {
+            mIncomingDataMap.get(address).put(b);
+        }
+
+        public int read(String address) throws InterruptedException {
+            return mIncomingDataMap.get(address).take();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/RfcommDelegate.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/RfcommDelegate.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a4fdf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/RfcommDelegate.java
@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection;
+
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.BlueletImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.BluetoothConstants;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection.PageScanHandler.ConnectionRequest;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection.PhysicalLink.RfcommSocketConnection;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection.SdpHandler.ServiceRecord;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.Interrupter;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.Logger;
+
+import com.google.errorprone.annotations.FormatMethod;
+
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+/**
+ * Delegate for Bluetooth Rfcommon operations, including creating service record, establishing
+ * connection, and data communications.
+ * <p>Socket connection with uuid is supported. Listen on port and connect to port are not
+ * supported.</p>
+ */
+public class RfcommDelegate {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.create("RfcommDelegate");
+    private static final Object LOCK = new Object();
+
+    /**
+     * Callback for Rfcomm operations
+     */
+    public interface Callback {
+
+        void onConnectionStateChange(String remoteAddress, boolean isConnected);
+    }
+
+    public static void reset() {
+        PageScanHandler.reset();
+        FileDescriptorFactory.reset();
+    }
+
+    final Callback mCallback;
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final Interrupter mInterrupter;
+    private final SdpHandler mSdpHandler;
+    private final PageScanHandler mPageScanHandler;
+    private final Map<String, PhysicalLink> mConnectionMap; // remoteAddress : physicalLink
+
+    public RfcommDelegate(String address, Callback callback, Interrupter interrupter) {
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        this.mCallback = callback;
+        this.mInterrupter = interrupter;
+        mSdpHandler = new SdpHandler(address);
+        mPageScanHandler = PageScanHandler.getInstance();
+        mConnectionMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public ParcelFileDescriptor createSocketChannel(String serviceName, ParcelUuid uuid) {
+        ServiceRecord record = mSdpHandler.createServiceRecord(uuid.getUuid(), serviceName);
+        if (record == null) {
+            LOGGER.e(
+                    String.format("Address %s: failed to create socket channel, uuid: %s", mAddress,
+                            uuid));
+            return null;
+        }
+        try {
+            mPageScanHandler.writePort(record.mServerSocketFd, record.mPort);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            LOGGER.e(String.format("Address %s: failed to write port to incoming data, fd: %s",
+                    mAddress,
+                    record.mServerSocketFd), e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        return parcelFileDescriptor(record.mServerSocketFd);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public ParcelFileDescriptor connectSocket(String remoteAddress, UUID uuid) {
+        BlueletImpl remote = DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getBlueletImpl(remoteAddress);
+        if (remote == null) {
+            LOGGER.e(String.format("Device %s is not defined.", remoteAddress));
+            return null;
+        }
+        ServiceRecord record = remote.getRfcommDelegate().mSdpHandler.lookupChannel(uuid);
+        if (record == null) {
+            LOGGER.e(String.format("Address %s: failed to connect socket, uuid: %s", mAddress,
+                    uuid));
+            return null;
+        }
+        FileDescriptor fd = FileDescriptorFactory.getInstance().createFileDescriptor(mAddress);
+        try {
+            mPageScanHandler.writePort(fd, record.mPort);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            LOGGER.e(String.format("Address %s: failed to write port to incoming data, fd: %s",
+                    mAddress,
+                    fd), e);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // establish connection
+        try {
+            initiateConnectToServer(fd, record, remoteAddress);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            LOGGER.e(
+                    String.format("Address %s: fail to initiate connection to server, clientFd: %s",
+                            mAddress, fd), e);
+            return null;
+        }
+        return parcelFileDescriptor(fd);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates connection and unblocks server socket.
+     * <p>ShadowBluetoothSocket calls the method at the end of connect().</p>
+     */
+    public void finishPendingConnection(
+            String serverAddress, FileDescriptor clientFd, boolean isEncrypted) {
+        // update states
+        PhysicalLink physicalChannel = mConnectionMap.get(serverAddress);
+        if (physicalChannel == null) {
+            // use class level lock to ensure two RfcommDelegate hold reference to the same Physical
+            // Link
+            synchronized (LOCK) {
+                physicalChannel = mConnectionMap.get(serverAddress);
+                if (physicalChannel == null) {
+                    physicalChannel = new PhysicalLink(
+                            serverAddress,
+                            FileDescriptorFactory.getInstance().getAddress(clientFd));
+                    addPhysicalChannel(serverAddress, physicalChannel);
+                    BlueletImpl remote = DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getBlueletImpl(serverAddress);
+                    remote.getRfcommDelegate().addPhysicalChannel(mAddress, physicalChannel);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        physicalChannel.addConnection(clientFd, mPageScanHandler.getServerFd(clientFd));
+
+        if (isEncrypted) {
+            physicalChannel.encrypt();
+        }
+        mPageScanHandler.finishPendingConnection(clientFd);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Process the next {@link ConnectionRequest} to {@link android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket}
+     * identified by serverSocketFd. This call will block until next connection request is
+     * available.
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public FileDescriptor processNextConnectionRequest(FileDescriptor serverSocketFd)
+            throws IOException {
+        try {
+            return mPageScanHandler.processNextConnectionRequest(serverSocketFd);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(
+                    logError(e, "failed to process next connection request, serverSocketFd: %s",
+                            serverSocketFd),
+                    e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Waits for a connection established.
+     * <p>ShadowBluetoothServerSocket calls the method at the end of accept(). Ensure that a
+     * connection is established when accept() returns.</p>
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public void waitForConnectionEstablished(FileDescriptor clientFd) throws IOException {
+        try {
+            mPageScanHandler.waitForConnectionEstablished(clientFd);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(
+                    logError(e, "failed to wait for connection established. clientFd: %s",
+                            clientFd), e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public void write(String remoteAddress, FileDescriptor localFd, int b)
+            throws IOException {
+        checkInterrupt();
+        RfcommSocketConnection connection =
+                mConnectionMap.get(remoteAddress).getConnection(localFd);
+        if (connection == null) {
+            throw new IOException("closed");
+        }
+        try {
+            connection.write(remoteAddress, b);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(
+                    logError(e, "failed to write to target %s, fd: %s", remoteAddress,
+                            localFd), e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public int read(String remoteAddress, FileDescriptor localFd) throws IOException {
+        checkInterrupt();
+        // remoteAddress is null: 1. server socket, 2. client socket before connected
+        try {
+            if (remoteAddress == null) {
+                return mPageScanHandler.read(localFd);
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(logError(e, "failed to read, fd: %s", localFd), e);
+        }
+
+        RfcommSocketConnection connection =
+                mConnectionMap.get(remoteAddress).getConnection(localFd);
+        if (connection == null) {
+            throw new IOException("closed");
+        }
+        try {
+            return connection.read(mAddress);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(logError(e, "failed to read, fd: %s", localFd), e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public void shutdownInput(String remoteAddress, FileDescriptor localFd)
+            throws IOException {
+        // remoteAddress is null: 1. server socket, 2. client socket before connected
+        try {
+            if (remoteAddress == null) {
+                mPageScanHandler.write(localFd, BluetoothConstants.SOCKET_CLOSE);
+                return;
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(logError(e, "failed to shutdown input. fd: %s", localFd), e);
+        }
+
+        RfcommSocketConnection connection =
+                mConnectionMap.get(remoteAddress).getConnection(localFd);
+        if (connection == null) {
+            LOGGER.d(String.format("Address %s: Connection already closed. fd: %s.", mAddress,
+                    localFd));
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            connection.write(mAddress, BluetoothConstants.SOCKET_CLOSE);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(logError(e, "failed to shutdown input. fd: %s", localFd), e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public void shutdownOutput(String remoteAddress, FileDescriptor localFd)
+            throws IOException {
+        RfcommSocketConnection connection =
+                mConnectionMap.get(remoteAddress).getConnection(localFd);
+        if (connection == null) {
+            LOGGER.d(String.format("Address %s: Connection already closed. fd: %s.", mAddress,
+                    localFd));
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            connection.write(remoteAddress, BluetoothConstants.SOCKET_CLOSE);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(logError(e, "failed to shutdown output. fd: %s", localFd), e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public void closeServerSocket(FileDescriptor serverSocketFd) throws IOException {
+        // remove service record
+        UUID uuid = mSdpHandler.getUuid(serverSocketFd);
+        mSdpHandler.removeServiceRecord(uuid);
+        // unblock accept()
+        try {
+            mPageScanHandler.cancelServerSocket(serverSocketFd);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(
+                    logError(e, "failed to cancel server socket, serverSocketFd: %s",
+                            serverSocketFd),
+                    e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public FileDescriptor getServerFd(FileDescriptor clientFd) {
+        return mPageScanHandler.getServerFd(clientFd);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public void addPhysicalChannel(String remoteAddress, PhysicalLink channel) {
+        mConnectionMap.put(remoteAddress, channel);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    public void initiateConnectToClient(FileDescriptor clientFd, int port)
+            throws IOException {
+        checkInterrupt();
+        String clientAddress = FileDescriptorFactory.getInstance().getAddress(clientFd);
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("Address %s: init connection to %s, clientFd: %s",
+                mAddress, clientAddress, clientFd));
+        try {
+            mPageScanHandler.writeInitialConnectionInfo(clientFd, mAddress, port);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(
+                    logError(e,
+                            "failed to write initial connection info to %s, clientFd: %s",
+                            clientAddress, clientFd),
+                    e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("ObjectToString")
+    private void initiateConnectToServer(FileDescriptor clientFd, ServiceRecord serviceRecord,
+            String serverAddress) throws IOException {
+        checkInterrupt();
+        LOGGER.d(
+                String.format("Address %s: init connection to %s, serverSocketFd: %s, clientFd: %s",
+                        mAddress, serverAddress, serviceRecord.mServerSocketFd, clientFd));
+        try {
+            ConnectionRequest request = new ConnectionRequest(clientFd, mAddress, serverAddress,
+                    serviceRecord.mPort);
+            mPageScanHandler.postConnectionRequest(serviceRecord.mServerSocketFd, request);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            throw new IOException(
+                    logError(e,
+                            "failed to post connection request, serverSocketFd: %s, "
+                                    + "clientFd: %s",
+                            serviceRecord.mServerSocketFd, clientFd),
+                    e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void checkInterrupt() throws IOException {
+        mInterrupter.checkInterrupt();
+    }
+
+    private ParcelFileDescriptor parcelFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor fd) {
+        return ReflectionHelpers.callConstructor(ParcelFileDescriptor.class,
+                ReflectionHelpers.ClassParameter.from(FileDescriptor.class, fd));
+    }
+
+    @FormatMethod
+    private String logError(Exception e, String msgTmpl, Object... args) {
+        String errMsg = String.format("Address %s: ", mAddress) + String.format(msgTmpl, args);
+        LOGGER.e(errMsg, e);
+        return errMsg;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/SdpHandler.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/SdpHandler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbe8651
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/bluetooth/connection/SdpHandler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.Logger;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+/**
+ * Encapsulates SDP operations including creating service record and allocating channel.
+ * <p>Listen on port and connect on port are not supported. </p>
+ */
+public class SdpHandler {
+
+    // intended to use "RfcommDelegate"
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.create("RfcommDelegate");
+
+    private final Object mLock;
+    private final String mAddress;
+    private final Map<UUID, ServiceRecord> mServiceRecords;
+    private final Map<FileDescriptor, UUID> mFdUuidMap;
+    private final Set<Integer> mAvailablePortPool;
+    private final Set<Integer> mInUsePortPool;
+
+    public SdpHandler(String address) {
+        mLock = new Object();
+        this.mAddress = address;
+        mServiceRecords = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+        mFdUuidMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+        mAvailablePortPool = Sets.newConcurrentHashSet();
+        mInUsePortPool = Sets.newConcurrentHashSet();
+        // 1 to 30 are valid RFCOMM port
+        for (int i = 1; i <= 30; i++) {
+            mAvailablePortPool.add(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public ServiceRecord createServiceRecord(UUID uuid, String serviceName) {
+        Preconditions.checkNotNull(uuid);
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("Address %s: createServiceRecord with uuid %s", mAddress, uuid));
+        if (isUuidRegistered(uuid) || !checkChannelAvailability()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            // ensure uuid is not registered and there's available channel
+            if (isUuidRegistered(uuid) || !checkChannelAvailability()) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            Iterator<Integer> available = mAvailablePortPool.iterator();
+            int port = available.next();
+            mAvailablePortPool.remove(port);
+            mInUsePortPool.add(port);
+            ServiceRecord record = new ServiceRecord(mAddress, serviceName, port);
+            mServiceRecords.put(uuid, record);
+            mFdUuidMap.put(record.mServerSocketFd, uuid);
+            PageScanHandler.getInstance().addServerSocket(record.mServerSocketFd);
+            return record;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void removeServiceRecord(UUID uuid) {
+        Preconditions.checkNotNull(uuid);
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("Address %s: removeServiceRecord with uuid %s", mAddress, uuid));
+        if (!isUuidRegistered(uuid)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        synchronized (mLock) {
+            if (!isUuidRegistered(uuid)) {
+                return;
+            }
+            ServiceRecord record = mServiceRecords.get(uuid);
+            mServiceRecords.remove(uuid);
+            mInUsePortPool.remove(record.mPort);
+            mAvailablePortPool.add(record.mPort);
+            mFdUuidMap.remove(record.mServerSocketFd);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public ServiceRecord lookupChannel(UUID uuid) {
+        ServiceRecord record = mServiceRecords.get(uuid);
+        if (record == null) {
+            LOGGER.e(String.format("Address %s: uuid %s not registered.", mAddress, uuid));
+        }
+        return record;
+    }
+
+    public UUID getUuid(FileDescriptor serverSocketFd) {
+        return mFdUuidMap.get(serverSocketFd);
+    }
+
+    private boolean isUuidRegistered(UUID uuid) {
+        if (mServiceRecords.containsKey(uuid)) {
+            LOGGER.d(String.format("Address %s: Uuid %s in use.", mAddress, uuid));
+            return true;
+        }
+        LOGGER.d(String.format("Address %s: Uuid %s not registered.", mAddress, uuid));
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private boolean checkChannelAvailability() {
+        if (mAvailablePortPool.isEmpty()) {
+            LOGGER.e(String.format("Address %s: No available channel.", mAddress));
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    static class ServiceRecord {
+
+        final FileDescriptor mServerSocketFd;
+        final String mServiceName;
+        final int mPort;
+
+        ServiceRecord(String address, String serviceName, int port) {
+            mServerSocketFd = FileDescriptorFactory.getInstance().createFileDescriptor(address);
+            this.mServiceName = serviceName;
+            this.mPort = port;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/BroadcastManager.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/BroadcastManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b309ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/BroadcastManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,526 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common;
+
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver.PendingResult;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.IBinder;
+
+import androidx.localbroadcastmanager.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.Logger;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Function;
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.AsyncFunction;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.FutureCallback;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.Futures;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors;
+
+import org.robolectric.Shadows;
+import org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowApplication;
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers;
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers.ClassParameter;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy;
+
+/**
+ * Manager for broadcasting of one virtual Device Shadower device.
+ *
+ * <p>Inspired by {@link ShadowApplication} and {@link LocalBroadcastManager}.
+ * <li>Broadcast permission is not supported until manifest is supported.
+ * <li>Send Broadcast is asynchronous.
+ */
+public class BroadcastManager {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.create("BroadcastManager");
+
+    private static final Comparator<ReceiverRecord> RECEIVER_RECORD_COMPARATOR =
+            new Comparator<ReceiverRecord>() {
+                @Override
+                public int compare(ReceiverRecord o1, ReceiverRecord o2) {
+                    return o2.mIntentFilter.getPriority() - o1.mIntentFilter.getPriority();
+                }
+            };
+
+    private final Scheduler mScheduler;
+    private final Map<String, Intent> mStickyIntents;
+
+    @GuardedBy("mRegisteredReceivers")
+    private final Map<BroadcastReceiver, Set<String>> mRegisteredReceivers;
+
+    @GuardedBy("mRegisteredReceivers")
+    private final Map<String, List<ReceiverRecord>> mActions;
+
+    public BroadcastManager(Scheduler scheduler) {
+        this(
+                scheduler,
+                new HashMap<String, Intent>(),
+                new HashMap<BroadcastReceiver, Set<String>>(),
+                new HashMap<String, List<ReceiverRecord>>());
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    BroadcastManager(
+            Scheduler scheduler,
+            Map<String, Intent> stickyIntents,
+            Map<BroadcastReceiver, Set<String>> registeredReceivers,
+            Map<String, List<ReceiverRecord>> actions) {
+        this.mScheduler = scheduler;
+        this.mStickyIntents = stickyIntents;
+        this.mRegisteredReceivers = registeredReceivers;
+        this.mActions = actions;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Registers a {@link BroadcastReceiver} with given {@link Context}.
+     *
+     * @see Context#registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver, IntentFilter, String, Handler)
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public Intent registerReceiver(
+            @Nullable BroadcastReceiver receiver,
+            IntentFilter filter,
+            @Nullable String broadcastPermission,
+            @Nullable Handler handler,
+            Context context) {
+        // Ignore broadcastPermission before fully supporting manifest
+        Preconditions.checkNotNull(filter);
+        Preconditions.checkNotNull(context);
+        if (receiver != null) {
+            synchronized (mRegisteredReceivers) {
+                ReceiverRecord receiverRecord = new ReceiverRecord(receiver, filter, context,
+                        handler);
+                Set<String> actionSet = mRegisteredReceivers.get(receiver);
+                if (actionSet == null) {
+                    actionSet = new HashSet<>();
+                    mRegisteredReceivers.put(receiver, actionSet);
+                }
+                for (int i = 0; i < filter.countActions(); i++) {
+                    String action = filter.getAction(i);
+                    actionSet.add(action);
+                    List<ReceiverRecord> receiverRecords = mActions.get(action);
+                    if (receiverRecords == null) {
+                        receiverRecords = new ArrayList<>();
+                        mActions.put(action, receiverRecords);
+                    }
+                    receiverRecords.add(receiverRecord);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return processStickyIntents(receiver, filter, context);
+    }
+
+    // Broadcast all sticky intents matching the given IntentFilter.
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    @Nullable
+    private Intent processStickyIntents(
+            @Nullable final BroadcastReceiver receiver,
+            IntentFilter intentFilter,
+            final Context context) {
+        Intent result = null;
+        final List<Intent> matchedIntents = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (Intent intent : mStickyIntents.values()) {
+            if (match(intentFilter, intent)) {
+                if (result == null) {
+                    result = intent;
+                }
+                if (receiver == null) {
+                    return result;
+                }
+                matchedIntents.add(intent);
+            }
+        }
+        if (!matchedIntents.isEmpty()) {
+            mScheduler.post(
+                    NamedRunnable.create(
+                            "Broadcast.processStickyIntents",
+                            () -> {
+                                for (Intent intent : matchedIntents) {
+                                    receiver.onReceive(context, intent);
+                                }
+                            }));
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unregisters a {@link BroadcastReceiver}.
+     *
+     * @see Context#unregisterReceiver(BroadcastReceiver)
+     */
+    public void unregisterReceiver(BroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver) {
+        synchronized (mRegisteredReceivers) {
+            if (!mRegisteredReceivers.containsKey(broadcastReceiver)) {
+                LOGGER.w("Receiver not registered: " + broadcastReceiver);
+                return;
+            }
+            Set<String> actionSet = mRegisteredReceivers.remove(broadcastReceiver);
+            for (String action : actionSet) {
+                List<ReceiverRecord> receiverRecords = mActions.get(action);
+                Iterator<ReceiverRecord> iterator = receiverRecords.iterator();
+                while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+                    if (iterator.next().mBroadcastReceiver == broadcastReceiver) {
+                        iterator.remove();
+                    }
+                }
+                if (receiverRecords.isEmpty()) {
+                    mActions.remove(action);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sends sticky broadcast with given {@link Intent}. This call is asynchronous.
+     *
+     * @see Context#sendStickyBroadcast(Intent)
+     */
+    public void sendStickyBroadcast(Intent intent) {
+        mStickyIntents.put(intent.getAction(), intent);
+        sendBroadcast(intent, null /* broadcastPermission */);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sends broadcast with given {@link Intent}. Receiver permission is not supported. This call is
+     * asynchronous.
+     *
+     * @see Context#sendBroadcast(Intent, String)
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void sendBroadcast(final Intent intent, @Nullable String receiverPermission) {
+        // Ignore permission matching before fully supporting manifest
+        final List<ReceiverRecord> receivers =
+                getMatchingReceivers(intent, false /* isOrdered */);
+        if (receivers.isEmpty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mScheduler.post(
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "Broadcast.sendBroadcast",
+                        () -> {
+                            for (ReceiverRecord receiverRecord : receivers) {
+                                // Hacky: Call the shadow method, otherwise abort() NPEs after
+                                // calling onReceive().
+                                // TODO(b/200231384): Sending these, via context.sendBroadcast(),
+                                //  won't NPE...but it may not be possible on each simulated
+                                //  "device"'s main thread. Check if possible.
+                                BroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver =
+                                        receiverRecord.mBroadcastReceiver;
+                                Shadows.shadowOf(broadcastReceiver)
+                                        .onReceive(receiverRecord.mContext, intent, /*abort=*/
+                                                new AtomicBoolean(false));
+                            }
+                        }));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sends ordered broadcast with given {@link Intent}. Receiver permission is not supported. This
+     * call is asynchronous.
+     *
+     * @see Context#sendOrderedBroadcast(Intent, String)
+     */
+    public void sendOrderedBroadcast(Intent intent, @Nullable String receiverPermission) {
+        sendOrderedBroadcast(
+                intent,
+                receiverPermission,
+                null /* resultReceiver */,
+                null /* handler */,
+                0 /* initialCode */,
+                null /* initialData */,
+                null /* initialExtras */,
+                null /* context */);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sends ordered broadcast with given {@link Intent} and result {@link BroadcastReceiver}.
+     * Receiver permission is not supported. This call is asynchronous.
+     *
+     * @see Context#sendOrderedBroadcast(Intent, String, BroadcastReceiver, Handler, int, String,
+     * Bundle)
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("FutureReturnValueIgnored")
+    public void sendOrderedBroadcast(
+            final Intent intent,
+            @Nullable String receiverPermission,
+            @Nullable BroadcastReceiver resultReceiver,
+            @Nullable Handler handler,
+            int initialCode,
+            @Nullable String initialData,
+            @Nullable Bundle initialExtras,
+            @Nullable Context context) {
+        // Ignore permission matching before fully supporting manifest
+        final List<ReceiverRecord> receivers =
+                getMatchingReceivers(intent, true /* isOrdered */);
+        if (receivers.isEmpty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (resultReceiver != null) {
+            receivers.add(
+                    new ReceiverRecord(
+                            resultReceiver, null /* intentFilter */, context, handler));
+        }
+        mScheduler.post(
+                NamedRunnable.create(
+                        "Broadcast.sendOrderedBroadcast",
+                        () -> {
+                            postOrderedIntent(
+                                    receivers,
+                                    intent,
+                                    0 /* initialCode */,
+                                    null /* initialData */,
+                                    null /* initialExtras */);
+                        }));
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void postOrderedIntent(
+            List<ReceiverRecord> receivers,
+            final Intent intent,
+            int initialCode,
+            @Nullable String initialData,
+            @Nullable Bundle initialExtras) {
+        final AtomicBoolean abort = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+        ListenableFuture<BroadcastResult> resultFuture =
+                Futures.immediateFuture(
+                        new BroadcastResult(initialCode, initialData, initialExtras));
+
+        for (ReceiverRecord receiverRecord : receivers) {
+            final BroadcastReceiver receiver = receiverRecord.mBroadcastReceiver;
+            final Context context = receiverRecord.mContext;
+            resultFuture =
+                    Futures.transformAsync(
+                            resultFuture,
+                            new AsyncFunction<BroadcastResult, BroadcastResult>() {
+                                @Override
+                                public ListenableFuture<BroadcastResult> apply(
+                                        BroadcastResult input) {
+                                    PendingResult result = newPendingResult(
+                                            input.mCode, input.mData, input.mExtras,
+                                            true /* isOrdered */);
+                                    ReflectionHelpers.callInstanceMethod(
+                                            receiver, "setPendingResult",
+                                            ClassParameter.from(PendingResult.class, result));
+                                    Shadows.shadowOf(receiver).onReceive(context, intent, abort);
+                                    return BroadcastResult.transform(result);
+                                }
+                            },
+                            MoreExecutors.directExecutor());
+        }
+        Futures.addCallback(
+                resultFuture,
+                new FutureCallback<BroadcastResult>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onSuccess(BroadcastResult result) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
+                        throw new RuntimeException(t);
+                    }
+                },
+                MoreExecutors.directExecutor());
+    }
+
+    private List<ReceiverRecord> getMatchingReceivers(Intent intent, boolean isOrdered) {
+        synchronized (mRegisteredReceivers) {
+            List<ReceiverRecord> result = new ArrayList<>();
+            if (!mActions.containsKey(intent.getAction())) {
+                return result;
+            }
+            Iterator<ReceiverRecord> iterator = mActions.get(intent.getAction()).iterator();
+            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+                ReceiverRecord next = iterator.next();
+                if (match(next.mIntentFilter, intent)) {
+                    result.add(next);
+                }
+            }
+            if (isOrdered) {
+                Collections.sort(result, RECEIVER_RECORD_COMPARATOR);
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean match(IntentFilter intentFilter, Intent intent) {
+        // Action test
+        if (!intentFilter.matchAction(intent.getAction())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // Category test
+        if (intentFilter.matchCategories(intent.getCategories()) != null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // Data test
+        int matchResult =
+                intentFilter.matchData(intent.getType(), intent.getScheme(), intent.getData());
+        return matchResult != IntentFilter.NO_MATCH_TYPE
+                && matchResult != IntentFilter.NO_MATCH_DATA;
+    }
+
+    private static PendingResult newPendingResult(
+            int resultCode, String resultData, Bundle resultExtras, boolean isOrdered) {
+        ClassParameter<?>[] parameters;
+        // PendingResult constructor takes different parameters in different SDK levels.
+        if (VERSION.SDK_INT < 17) {
+            parameters =
+                    ClassParameter.fromComponentLists(
+                            new Class<?>[]{
+                                    int.class,
+                                    String.class,
+                                    Bundle.class,
+                                    int.class,
+                                    boolean.class,
+                                    boolean.class,
+                                    IBinder.class
+                            },
+                            new Object[]{
+                                    resultCode,
+                                    resultData,
+                                    resultExtras,
+                                    0 /* type */,
+                                    isOrdered,
+                                    false /* sticky */,
+                                    null /* IBinder */
+                            });
+        } else if (VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
+            parameters =
+                    ClassParameter.fromComponentLists(
+                            new Class<?>[]{
+                                    int.class,
+                                    String.class,
+                                    Bundle.class,
+                                    int.class,
+                                    boolean.class,
+                                    boolean.class,
+                                    IBinder.class,
+                                    int.class
+                            },
+                            new Object[]{
+                                    resultCode,
+                                    resultData,
+                                    resultExtras,
+                                    0 /* type */,
+                                    isOrdered,
+                                    false /* sticky */,
+                                    null /* IBinder */,
+                                    0 /* userId */
+                            });
+        } else {
+            parameters =
+                    ClassParameter.fromComponentLists(
+                            new Class<?>[]{
+                                    int.class,
+                                    String.class,
+                                    Bundle.class,
+                                    int.class,
+                                    boolean.class,
+                                    boolean.class,
+                                    IBinder.class,
+                                    int.class,
+                                    int.class
+                            },
+                            new Object[]{
+                                    resultCode,
+                                    resultData,
+                                    resultExtras,
+                                    0 /* type */,
+                                    isOrdered,
+                                    false /* sticky */,
+                                    null /* IBinder */,
+                                    0 /* userId */,
+                                    0 /* flags */
+                            });
+        }
+        return ReflectionHelpers.callConstructor(PendingResult.class, parameters);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Holder of broadcast result from previous receiver.
+     */
+    private static final class BroadcastResult {
+
+        private final int mCode;
+        private final String mData;
+        private final Bundle mExtras;
+
+        BroadcastResult(int code, String data, Bundle extras) {
+            this.mCode = code;
+            this.mData = data;
+            this.mExtras = extras;
+        }
+
+        private static ListenableFuture<BroadcastResult> transform(PendingResult result) {
+            return Futures.transform(
+                    Shadows.shadowOf(result).getFuture(),
+                    new Function<PendingResult, BroadcastResult>() {
+                        @Override
+                        public BroadcastResult apply(PendingResult input) {
+                            return new BroadcastResult(
+                                    input.getResultCode(), input.getResultData(),
+                                    input.getResultExtras(false));
+                        }
+                    },
+                    MoreExecutors.directExecutor());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Information of a registered BroadcastReceiver.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final class ReceiverRecord {
+
+        final BroadcastReceiver mBroadcastReceiver;
+        final IntentFilter mIntentFilter;
+        final Context mContext;
+        final Handler mHandler;
+
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        ReceiverRecord(
+                BroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver,
+                IntentFilter intentFilter,
+                Context context,
+                Handler handler) {
+            this.mBroadcastReceiver = broadcastReceiver;
+            this.mIntentFilter = intentFilter;
+            this.mContext = context;
+            this.mHandler = handler;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/ContentDatabase.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/ContentDatabase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f4d778
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/ContentDatabase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common;
+
+import android.database.Cursor;
+
+import org.robolectric.fakes.RoboCursor;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Simulate Sqlite database for Android content provider.
+ */
+public class ContentDatabase {
+
+    private final List<String> mColumnNames;
+    private final List<List<Object>> mData;
+
+    public ContentDatabase(String... names) {
+        mColumnNames = Arrays.asList(names);
+        mData = new ArrayList<>();
+    }
+
+    public void addData(Object... items) {
+        mData.add(Arrays.asList(items));
+    }
+
+    public Cursor getCursor() {
+        RoboCursor cursor = new RoboCursor();
+        cursor.setColumnNames(mColumnNames);
+        Object[][] dataArr = new Object[mData.size()][mColumnNames.size()];
+        for (int i = 0; i < mData.size(); i++) {
+            dataArr[i] = new Object[mColumnNames.size()];
+            mData.get(i).toArray(dataArr[i]);
+        }
+        cursor.setResults(dataArr);
+        return cursor;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/Interrupter.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/Interrupter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66e9cb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/Interrupter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Enums;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * Interrupter sets and checks interruptible point, and interrupt operation by throwing
+ * IOException.
+ */
+public class Interrupter {
+
+    private final InheritableThreadLocal<Integer> mCurrentIdentifier;
+    private int mInterruptIdentifier;
+
+    private final Set<Enums.Operation> mInterruptOperations = new HashSet<>();
+
+    public Interrupter() {
+        mCurrentIdentifier = new InheritableThreadLocal<Integer>() {
+            @Override
+            protected Integer initialValue() {
+                return -1;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    public void checkInterrupt() throws IOException {
+        if (mCurrentIdentifier.get() == mInterruptIdentifier) {
+            throw new IOException(
+                    "Bluetooth interrupted at identifier: " + mCurrentIdentifier.get());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void setInterruptible(int identifier) {
+        mCurrentIdentifier.set(identifier);
+    }
+
+    public void interrupt(int identifier) {
+        mInterruptIdentifier = identifier;
+    }
+
+    public void addInterruptOperation(Enums.Operation operation) {
+        mInterruptOperations.add(operation);
+    }
+
+    public boolean shouldInterrupt(Enums.Operation operation) {
+        return mInterruptOperations.contains(operation);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/NamedRunnable.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/NamedRunnable.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e84d71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/NamedRunnable.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common;
+
+/**
+ * Runnable with a name defined.
+ */
+public abstract class NamedRunnable implements Runnable {
+
+    private final String mName;
+
+    private NamedRunnable(String name) {
+        this.mName = name;
+    }
+
+    public static NamedRunnable create(String name, Runnable runnable) {
+        return new NamedRunnable(name) {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                runnable.run();
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return mName;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/Scheduler.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/Scheduler.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96e9b15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/common/Scheduler.java
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.Logger;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy;
+
+/**
+ * Scheduler to post runnables to a single thread.
+ */
+public class Scheduler {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.create("Scheduler");
+
+    @GuardedBy("Scheduler.class")
+    private static int sTotalRunnables = 0;
+
+    private static CountDownLatch sCompleteLatch;
+
+    public Scheduler() {
+        this(null);
+    }
+
+    public Scheduler(String name) {
+        mExecutor =
+                Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(
+                        r -> {
+                            Thread thread = Executors.defaultThreadFactory().newThread(r);
+                            if (name != null) {
+                                thread.setName(name);
+                            }
+                            return thread;
+                        });
+    }
+
+    public static boolean await(long timeoutMillis) throws InterruptedException {
+
+        synchronized (Scheduler.class) {
+            if (isComplete()) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (sCompleteLatch == null) {
+                sCompleteLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // TODO(b/200231384): solve potential NPE caused by race condition.
+        boolean result = sCompleteLatch.await(timeoutMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        synchronized (Scheduler.class) {
+            sCompleteLatch = null;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private final ExecutorService mExecutor;
+
+    @GuardedBy("this")
+    private final List<ScheduledRunnable> mRunnables = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    @GuardedBy("this")
+    private long mCurrentTimeMillis = 0;
+
+    @GuardedBy("this")
+    private List<ScheduledRunnable> mRunningRunnables = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Post a {@link NamedRunnable} to scheduler.
+     *
+     * <p>Return value can be ignored because exception will be handled by {@link
+     * DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl#catchInternalException}.
+     */
+    // @CanIgnoreReturnValue
+    public synchronized Future<?> post(NamedRunnable r) {
+        synchronized (Scheduler.class) {
+            sTotalRunnables++;
+        }
+        advance(0);
+        return mExecutor.submit(new ScheduledRunnable(r, mCurrentTimeMillis).mRunnable);
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void post(NamedRunnable r, long delayMillis) {
+        synchronized (Scheduler.class) {
+            sTotalRunnables++;
+        }
+        addRunnables(new ScheduledRunnable(r, mCurrentTimeMillis + delayMillis));
+        advance(0);
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void shutdown() {
+        mExecutor.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    synchronized void advance(long durationMillis) {
+        mCurrentTimeMillis += durationMillis;
+        while (mRunnables.size() > 0) {
+            ScheduledRunnable r = mRunnables.get(0);
+            if (r.mTimeMillis <= mCurrentTimeMillis) {
+                mRunnables.remove(0);
+                mExecutor.execute(r.mRunnable);
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void addRunnables(ScheduledRunnable r) {
+        int index = 0;
+        while (index < mRunnables.size() && mRunnables.get(index).mTimeMillis <= r.mTimeMillis) {
+            index++;
+        }
+        mRunnables.add(index, r);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static synchronized boolean isComplete() {
+        return sTotalRunnables == 0;
+    }
+
+    // Can only be called by DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl when reset.
+    public static synchronized void clear() {
+        sTotalRunnables = 0;
+    }
+
+    class ScheduledRunnable {
+
+        final NamedRunnable mRunnable;
+        final long mTimeMillis;
+
+        ScheduledRunnable(final NamedRunnable r, long timeMillis) {
+            this.mTimeMillis = timeMillis;
+            this.mRunnable =
+                    NamedRunnable.create(
+                            r.toString(),
+                            () -> {
+                                synchronized (Scheduler.this) {
+                                    Scheduler.this.mRunningRunnables.add(ScheduledRunnable.this);
+                                }
+
+                                try {
+                                    r.run();
+                                } catch (Exception e) {
+                                    LOGGER.e("Error in scheduler runnable " + r, e);
+                                    DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.catchInternalException(e);
+                                }
+
+                                synchronized (Scheduler.this) {
+                                    // Remove the last one.
+                                    Scheduler.this.mRunningRunnables.remove(
+                                            Scheduler.this.mRunningRunnables.size() - 1);
+                                }
+
+                                // If this is last runnable,
+                                // When this section runs before await:
+                                //   totalRunnable will be 0, await will return directly.
+                                // When this section runs after await:
+                                //   latch will not be null, count down will terminate await.
+
+                                // TODO(b/200231384): when there are two threads running at same
+                                // time, there will be a case when totalRunnable is 0, but another
+                                // thread pending to acquire Scheduler.class lock to post a
+                                // runnable. Hence, await here might not be correct in this case.
+                                synchronized (Scheduler.class) {
+                                    sTotalRunnables--;
+                                    if (isComplete()) {
+                                        if (sCompleteLatch != null) {
+                                            sCompleteLatch.countDown();
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            });
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return mRunnable.toString();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized String toString() {
+        return String.format(
+                "\t%d scheduled runnables %s\n\t%d still running or aborted %s",
+                mRunnables.size(), mRunnables, mRunningRunnables.size(), mRunningRunnables);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/nfc/INfcAdapterImpl.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/nfc/INfcAdapterImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01dcac2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/nfc/INfcAdapterImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.nfc;
+
+import android.nfc.IAppCallback;
+import android.nfc.INfcAdapter;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of INfcAdapter
+ */
+public class INfcAdapterImpl implements INfcAdapter {
+
+    public INfcAdapterImpl() {
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setAppCallback(IAppCallback callback) {
+        DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalNfcletImpl().mAppCallback = callback;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean enable() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalNfcletImpl().enable();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean disable(boolean saveState) {
+        // We do not need to save state because test only run once.
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalNfcletImpl().disable();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getState() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalNfcletImpl().getState();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/nfc/NfcletImpl.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/nfc/NfcletImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..137f6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/nfc/NfcletImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.nfc;
+
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.nfc.BeamShareData;
+import android.nfc.IAppCallback;
+import android.nfc.NdefMessage;
+import android.nfc.NfcAdapter;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Enums.NfcOperation;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Nfclet;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.Interrupter;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.Logger;
+
+import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of Nfclet.
+ */
+public class NfcletImpl implements Nfclet {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.create("NfcletImpl");
+
+    IAppCallback mAppCallback;
+    private final Interrupter mInterrupter;
+
+    @GuardedBy("this")
+    private int mCurrentState;
+
+    public NfcletImpl() {
+        mInterrupter = new Interrupter();
+        mCurrentState = NfcAdapter.STATE_OFF;
+    }
+
+    public void onNear(NfcletImpl remote) {
+        if (remote.mAppCallback != null) {
+            LOGGER.v("NFC receiver get beam share data from remote");
+            BeamShareData data = remote.mAppCallback.createBeamShareData();
+            DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalDeviceletImpl().getBroadcastManager()
+                    .sendBroadcast(createNdefDiscoveredIntent(data), null);
+        }
+        if (mAppCallback != null) {
+            LOGGER.v("NFC sender onNdefPushComplete");
+            mAppCallback.onNdefPushComplete();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public synchronized int getState() {
+        return mCurrentState;
+    }
+
+    public boolean enable() {
+        if (shouldInterrupt(NfcOperation.ENABLE)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        LOGGER.v("Enable NFC Adapter");
+        updateState(NfcAdapter.STATE_TURNING_ON);
+        updateState(NfcAdapter.STATE_ON);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public boolean disable() {
+        if (shouldInterrupt(NfcOperation.DISABLE)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        LOGGER.v("Disable NFC Adapter");
+        updateState(NfcAdapter.STATE_TURNING_OFF);
+        updateState(NfcAdapter.STATE_OFF);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized Nfclet setInitialState(int state) {
+        mCurrentState = state;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Nfclet setInterruptOperation(NfcOperation operation) {
+        mInterrupter.addInterruptOperation(operation);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public boolean shouldInterrupt(NfcOperation operation) {
+        return mInterrupter.shouldInterrupt(operation);
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void updateState(int state) {
+        if (mCurrentState != state) {
+            mCurrentState = state;
+            DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalDeviceletImpl().getBroadcastManager()
+                    .sendBroadcast(createAdapterStateChangedIntent(state), null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Intent createAdapterStateChangedIntent(int state) {
+        Intent intent = new Intent(NfcAdapter.ACTION_ADAPTER_STATE_CHANGED);
+        intent.putExtra(NfcAdapter.EXTRA_ADAPTER_STATE, state);
+        return intent;
+    }
+
+    private Intent createNdefDiscoveredIntent(BeamShareData data) {
+        Intent intent = new Intent();
+        intent.setAction(NfcAdapter.ACTION_NDEF_DISCOVERED);
+        intent.putExtra(NfcAdapter.EXTRA_NDEF_MESSAGES, new NdefMessage[]{data.ndefMessage});
+        // TODO(b/200231384): uncomment when uri and mime type implemented.
+        // ndefUri = message.getRecords()[0].toUri();
+        // ndefMimeType = message.getRecords()[0].toMimeType();
+        return intent;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/sms/SmsContentProvider.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/sms/SmsContentProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6bc535b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/sms/SmsContentProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.sms;
+
+import android.content.ContentProvider;
+import android.content.ContentValues;
+import android.database.Cursor;
+import android.net.Uri;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+
+/**
+ * Content provider for SMS query.
+ */
+public class SmsContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
+
+    public SmsContentProvider() {
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getType(Uri uri) {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean onCreate() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Cursor query(
+            Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs,
+            String sortOrder) {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalSmsletImpl().getCursor(uri);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/sms/SmsletImpl.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/sms/SmsletImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00a581e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/sms/SmsletImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.sms;
+
+import android.database.Cursor;
+import android.net.Uri;
+import android.provider.Telephony;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Smslet;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.ContentDatabase;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of SMS functionality.
+ */
+public class SmsletImpl implements Smslet {
+
+    private final Map<Uri, ContentDatabase> mUriToDataMap;
+
+    public SmsletImpl() {
+        mUriToDataMap = new HashMap<>();
+        mUriToDataMap.put(
+                Telephony.Sms.Inbox.CONTENT_URI, new ContentDatabase(Telephony.Sms.Inbox.BODY));
+        mUriToDataMap.put(Telephony.Sms.Sent.CONTENT_URI,
+                new ContentDatabase(Telephony.Sms.Inbox.BODY));
+        // TODO(b/200231384): implement Outbox, Intents, Conversations.
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Smslet addSms(Uri contentUri, String body) {
+        mUriToDataMap.get(contentUri).addData(body);
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    public Cursor getCursor(Uri uri) {
+        return mUriToDataMap.get(uri).getCursor();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/utils/GattHelper.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/utils/GattHelper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f45b125
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/utils/GattHelper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils;
+
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.BluetoothConstants;
+
+import com.google.common.io.ByteArrayDataOutput;
+import com.google.common.io.ByteStreams;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Map.Entry;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Helper class for Gatt functionality.
+ */
+public class GattHelper {
+
+    public static byte[] convertAdvertiseData(
+            AdvertiseData data, int txPowerLevel, String localName, boolean isConnectable) {
+        if (data == null) {
+            return new byte[0];
+        }
+        ByteArrayDataOutput result = ByteStreams.newDataOutput();
+        if (isConnectable) {
+            writeDataUnit(
+                    result,
+                    BluetoothConstants.DATA_TYPE_FLAGS,
+                    new byte[]{BluetoothConstants.FLAGS_IN_CONNECTABLE_PACKETS});
+        }
+        // tx power level is signed 8-bit int, range -100 to 20.
+        if (data.getIncludeTxPowerLevel()) {
+            writeDataUnit(
+                    result,
+                    BluetoothConstants.DATA_TYPE_TX_POWER_LEVEL,
+                    new byte[]{(byte) txPowerLevel});
+        }
+        // Local name
+        if (data.getIncludeDeviceName()) {
+            writeDataUnit(
+                    result,
+                    BluetoothConstants.DATA_TYPE_LOCAL_NAME_COMPLETE,
+                    localName.getBytes(Charset.defaultCharset()));
+        }
+        // Manufacturer data
+        SparseArray<byte[]> manufacturerData = data.getManufacturerSpecificData();
+        for (int i = 0; i < manufacturerData.size(); i++) {
+            int manufacturerId = manufacturerData.keyAt(i);
+            writeDataUnit(
+                    result,
+                    BluetoothConstants.DATA_TYPE_MANUFACTURER_SPECIFIC_DATA,
+                    parseManufacturerData(manufacturerId, manufacturerData.get(manufacturerId))
+            );
+        }
+        // Service data
+        Map<ParcelUuid, byte[]> serviceData = data.getServiceData();
+        for (Entry<ParcelUuid, byte[]> entry : serviceData.entrySet()) {
+            writeDataUnit(
+                    result,
+                    BluetoothConstants.DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_DATA,
+                    parseServiceData(entry.getKey().getUuid(), entry.getValue())
+            );
+        }
+        // Service UUID, 128-bit UUID in little endian
+        if (data.getServiceUuids() != null && !data.getServiceUuids().isEmpty()) {
+            ByteBuffer uuidBytes =
+                    ByteBuffer.allocate(data.getServiceUuids().size() * 16)
+                            .order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
+            for (ParcelUuid parcelUuid : data.getServiceUuids()) {
+                UUID uuid = parcelUuid.getUuid();
+                uuidBytes.putLong(uuid.getLeastSignificantBits())
+                        .putLong(uuid.getMostSignificantBits());
+            }
+            writeDataUnit(
+                    result,
+                    BluetoothConstants.DATA_TYPE_SERVICE_UUIDS_128_BIT_COMPLETE,
+                    uuidBytes.array()
+            );
+        }
+        return result.toByteArray();
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] parseServiceData(UUID uuid, byte[] serviceData) {
+        // First two bytes of the data are data UUID in little endian
+        int length = 2 + serviceData.length;
+        byte[] result = new byte[length];
+        // extract 16-bit UUID value
+        int uuidValue = (int) ((uuid.getMostSignificantBits() & 0x0000FFFF00000000L) >>> 32);
+        result[0] = (byte) (uuidValue & 0xFF);
+        result[1] = (byte) ((uuidValue >> 8) & 0xFF);
+        System.arraycopy(serviceData, 0, result, 2, serviceData.length);
+        return result;
+
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] parseManufacturerData(int manufacturerId, byte[] manufacturerData) {
+        // First two bytes are manufacturer id in little endian.
+        int length = 2 + manufacturerData.length;
+        byte[] result = new byte[length];
+        result[0] = (byte) (manufacturerId & 0xFF);
+        result[1] = (byte) ((manufacturerId >> 8) & 0xFF);
+        System.arraycopy(manufacturerData, 0, result, 2, manufacturerData.length);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    private static void writeDataUnit(ByteArrayDataOutput output, int type, byte[] data) {
+        // Length includes the length of the field type, which is 1 byte.
+        int length = 1 + data.length;
+        // Length and type are unsigned 8-bit int. Assume the values are valid.
+        output.write(length);
+        output.write(type);
+        output.write(data);
+    }
+
+    private GattHelper() {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/utils/Logger.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/utils/Logger.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31f7202
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/utils/Logger.java
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils;
+
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+/**
+ * Logger class to provide formatted log for Device Shadower.
+ *
+ * <p>Log is formatted as "[TAG] [Keyword1, Keyword2 ...] Log Message Body".</p>
+ */
+public class Logger {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "DeviceShadower";
+
+    private final String mTag;
+    private final String mPrefix;
+
+    public Logger(String tag, String... keywords) {
+        mTag = tag;
+        mPrefix = buildPrefix(keywords);
+    }
+
+    public static Logger create(String... keywords) {
+        return new Logger(TAG, keywords);
+    }
+
+    private static String buildPrefix(String... keywords) {
+        if (keywords.length == 0) {
+            return "";
+        }
+        return String.format(" [%s] ", TextUtils.join(", ", keywords));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#e(String, String)
+     */
+    public void e(String msg) {
+        Log.e(mTag, format(msg));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#e(String, String, Throwable)
+     */
+    public void e(String msg, Throwable throwable) {
+        Log.e(mTag, format(msg), throwable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#d(String, String)
+     */
+    public void d(String msg) {
+        Log.d(mTag, format(msg));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#d(String, String, Throwable)
+     */
+    public void d(String msg, Throwable throwable) {
+        Log.d(mTag, format(msg), throwable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#i(String, String)
+     */
+    public void i(String msg) {
+        Log.i(mTag, format(msg));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#i(String, String, Throwable)
+     */
+    public void i(String msg, Throwable throwable) {
+        Log.i(mTag, format(msg), throwable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#v(String, String)
+     */
+    public void v(String msg) {
+        Log.v(mTag, format(msg));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#v(String, String, Throwable)
+     */
+    public void v(String msg, Throwable throwable) {
+        Log.v(mTag, format(msg), throwable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#w(String, String)
+     */
+    public void w(String msg) {
+        Log.w(mTag, format(msg));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#w(String, Throwable)
+     */
+    public void w(Throwable throwable) {
+        Log.w(mTag, null, throwable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#w(String, String, Throwable)
+     */
+    public void w(String msg, Throwable throwable) {
+        Log.w(mTag, format(msg), throwable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#wtf(String, String)
+     */
+    public void wtf(String msg) {
+        Log.wtf(mTag, format(msg));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#wtf(String, String, Throwable)
+     */
+    public void wtf(String msg, Throwable throwable) {
+        Log.wtf(mTag, format(msg), throwable);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#isLoggable(String, int)
+     */
+    public boolean isLoggable(int level) {
+        return Log.isLoggable(mTag, level);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @see Log#println(int, String, String)
+     */
+    public int println(int priority, String msg) {
+        return Log.println(priority, mTag, format(msg));
+    }
+
+    private String format(String msg) {
+        return mPrefix + msg;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/utils/MacAddressGenerator.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/utils/MacAddressGenerator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8d3193
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/internal/utils/MacAddressGenerator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy;
+
+/**
+ * A class which generates and converts valid Bluetooth MAC addresses.
+ */
+public class MacAddressGenerator {
+
+    @GuardedBy("MacAddressGenerator.class")
+    private static MacAddressGenerator sInstance = new MacAddressGenerator();
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static synchronized void setInstanceForTest(MacAddressGenerator generator) {
+        sInstance = generator;
+    }
+
+    public static synchronized MacAddressGenerator get() {
+        return sInstance;
+    }
+
+    private long mLastAddress = 0x0L;
+
+    private MacAddressGenerator() {
+    }
+
+    public String generateMacAddress() {
+        byte[] bytes = generateMacAddressBytes();
+        return convertByteMacAddress(bytes);
+    }
+
+    public byte[] generateMacAddressBytes() {
+        long addr = mLastAddress++;
+        byte[] bytes = new byte[6];
+        for (int i = 5; i >= 0; i--) {
+            bytes[i] = (byte) (addr & 0xFF);
+            addr = addr >> 8;
+        }
+        return bytes;
+    }
+
+    public static byte[] convertStringMacAddress(String address) {
+        if (!BluetoothAdapter.checkBluetoothAddress(address)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not a valid bluetooth mac hex string: " + address);
+        }
+        byte[] bytes = new byte[6];
+        String[] macValues = address.split(":");
+        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+            bytes[i] = Integer.decode("0x" + macValues[i]).byteValue();
+        }
+        return bytes;
+    }
+
+    public static String convertByteMacAddress(byte[] address) {
+        if (address == null || address.length != 6) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bluetooth address must have 6 bytes");
+        }
+        return String.format(Locale.US, "%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X",
+                address[0], address[1], address[2], address[3], address[4], address[5]);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothA2dp.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothA2dp.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..344103b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothA2dp.java
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth;
+
+import static com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getBlueletImpl;
+import static com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalBlueletImpl;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothA2dp;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.BlueletImpl;
+
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implementation;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implements;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.RealObject;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Shadow of the Bluetooth A2DP service.
+ */
+@Implements(BluetoothA2dp.class)
+public class ShadowBluetoothA2dp {
+
+    /**
+     * Hidden in {@link BluetoothProfile}.
+     */
+    public static final int A2DP_SINK = 11;
+
+    private final Map<BluetoothDevice, Integer> mDeviceToConnectionState = new HashMap<>();
+    private Context mContext;
+    @RealObject
+    private BluetoothA2dp mRealObject;
+
+    public void __constructor__(Context context, ServiceListener l) {
+        this.mContext = context;
+        l.onServiceConnected(BluetoothProfile.A2DP, mRealObject);
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public List<BluetoothDevice> getConnectedDevices() {
+        List<BluetoothDevice> result = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (BluetoothDevice device : mDeviceToConnectionState.keySet()) {
+            if (getConnectionState(device) == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
+                result.add(device);
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public int getConnectionState(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        return mDeviceToConnectionState.containsKey(device)
+                ? mDeviceToConnectionState.get(device)
+                : BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED;
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public boolean connect(BluetoothDevice device) {
+        setConnectionState(BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTING, device);
+        // Only successfully connect if the device is in the environment (i.e. nearby) and accepts
+        // connections.
+        BlueletImpl blueLet = getBlueletImpl(device.getAddress());
+        if (blueLet != null && !blueLet.getRefuseConnections()) {
+            setConnectionState(BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED, device);
+        } else {
+            // If the device isn't in the environment, still return true (no immediate failure, i.e.
+            // we're trying to connect) but send CONNECTING -> DISCONNECTED (like the OS does).
+            setConnectionState(BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED, device);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public void close() {
+    }
+
+    private void setConnectionState(int state, BluetoothDevice device) {
+        int previousState = getConnectionState(device);
+        mDeviceToConnectionState.put(device, state);
+
+        getLocalBlueletImpl()
+                .setProfileConnectionState(BluetoothProfile.A2DP, state, device.getAddress());
+        BlueletImpl remoteDevice = getBlueletImpl(device.getAddress());
+        if (remoteDevice != null) {
+            remoteDevice.setProfileConnectionState(A2DP_SINK, state, getLocalBlueletImpl().address);
+        }
+
+        mContext.sendBroadcast(
+                new Intent(BluetoothA2dp.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED)
+                        .putExtra(BluetoothProfile.EXTRA_PREVIOUS_STATE, previousState)
+                        .putExtra(BluetoothProfile.EXTRA_STATE, state)
+                        .putExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE, device));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothAdapter.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothAdapter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..394afbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothAdapter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.content.AttributionSource;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.BlueletImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.utils.MacAddressGenerator;
+
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implementation;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implements;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.RealObject;
+
+/**
+ * Shadow of {@link BluetoothAdapter} to be used with Device Shadower in Robolectric test.
+ */
+@Implements(BluetoothAdapter.class)
+public class ShadowBluetoothAdapter {
+
+    @RealObject
+    BluetoothAdapter mRealAdapter;
+
+    public ShadowBluetoothAdapter() {
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public static synchronized BluetoothAdapter getDefaultAdapter() {
+        // Add a device and set local devicelet in case no local bluelet set
+        if (!DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.hasLocalDeviceletImpl()) {
+            String address = MacAddressGenerator.get().generateMacAddress();
+            DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.addDevice(address);
+            DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.setLocalDevice(address);
+        }
+        BlueletImpl localBluelet = DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalBlueletImpl();
+        return localBluelet.getAdapter();
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public static BluetoothAdapter createAdapter(AttributionSource attributionSource) {
+        // Add a device and set local devicelet in case no local bluelet set
+        if (!DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.hasLocalDeviceletImpl()) {
+            String address = MacAddressGenerator.get().generateMacAddress();
+            DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.addDevice(address);
+            DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.setLocalDevice(address);
+        }
+        BlueletImpl localBluelet = DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalBlueletImpl();
+        return localBluelet.getAdapter();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothDevice.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothDevice.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..247f46e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothDevice.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.IBluetoothImpl;
+
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implementation;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implements;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.RealObject;
+import org.robolectric.shadow.api.Shadow;
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers.ClassParameter;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Placeholder for BluetoothDevice improvements
+ */
+@Implements(BluetoothDevice.class)
+public class ShadowBluetoothDevice {
+
+    @RealObject
+    private BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice;
+    private static final Map<String, Integer> sBondTransport = new HashMap<>();
+    private static Map<String, Boolean> sPairingConfirmation = new HashMap<>();
+
+    public ShadowBluetoothDevice() {
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public boolean setPasskey(int passkey) {
+        return new IBluetoothImpl().setPasskey(mBluetoothDevice, passkey);
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public boolean createBond(int transport) {
+        sBondTransport.put(mBluetoothDevice.getAddress(), transport);
+        return Shadow.directlyOn(
+                mBluetoothDevice,
+                BluetoothDevice.class,
+                "createBond",
+                ClassParameter.from(int.class, transport));
+    }
+
+    public static int getBondTransport(String address) {
+        return sBondTransport.containsKey(address)
+                ? sBondTransport.get(address)
+                : BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_AUTO;
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public boolean setPairingConfirmation(boolean confirm) {
+        sPairingConfirmation.put(mBluetoothDevice.getAddress(), confirm);
+        return Shadow.directlyOn(
+                mBluetoothDevice,
+                BluetoothDevice.class,
+                "setPairingConfirmation",
+                ClassParameter.from(boolean.class, confirm));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the confirmation value previously set with a call to {@link
+     * BluetoothDevice#setPairingConfirmation(boolean)}. Default is false.
+     */
+    public static boolean getPairingConfirmation(String address) {
+        return sPairingConfirmation.containsKey(address) && sPairingConfirmation.get(address);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Resets the confirmation values.
+     */
+    public static void resetPairingConfirmation() {
+        sPairingConfirmation = new HashMap<>();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothLeScanner.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothLeScanner.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f7da14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothLeScanner.java
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner;
+
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implements;
+
+/**
+ * Shadow of {@link BluetoothLeScanner} to be used with Device Shadower in Robolectric test.
+ */
+@Implements(BluetoothLeScanner.class)
+public class ShadowBluetoothLeScanner {
+
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothServerSocket.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothServerSocket.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bffcf32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothServerSocket.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
+import android.net.LocalSocket;
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection.RfcommDelegate;
+
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implementation;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implements;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.RealObject;
+import org.robolectric.shadow.api.Shadow;
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers;
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers.ClassParameter;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * Placeholder for BluetoothServerSocket updates
+ */
+@Implements(BluetoothServerSocket.class)
+public class ShadowBluetoothServerSocket {
+
+    @RealObject
+    BluetoothServerSocket mRealServerSocket;
+
+    public ShadowBluetoothServerSocket() {
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public BluetoothSocket accept(int timeout) throws IOException {
+        FileDescriptor serverSocketFd = getServerSocketFileDescriptor();
+        if (serverSocketFd == null) {
+            throw new IOException("socket is closed.");
+        }
+        RfcommDelegate local = getLocalRfcommDelegate();
+        local.checkInterrupt();
+        FileDescriptor clientFd = local.processNextConnectionRequest(serverSocketFd);
+        // configure the LocalSocket of the BluetoothServerSocket
+        BluetoothSocket internalSocket = ReflectionHelpers.getField(mRealServerSocket, "mSocket");
+        ShadowLocalSocket internalLocalSocket = getLocalSocketShadow(internalSocket);
+        internalLocalSocket.setAncillaryFd(local.getServerFd(clientFd));
+
+        // call original method
+        BluetoothSocket socket = Shadow.directlyOn(mRealServerSocket, BluetoothServerSocket.class,
+                "accept", ClassParameter.from(int.class, timeout));
+
+        // setup local socket of the returned BluetoothSocket
+        String remoteAddress = socket.getRemoteDevice().getAddress();
+        ShadowLocalSocket shadowLocalSocket = getLocalSocketShadow(socket);
+        shadowLocalSocket.setRemoteAddress(remoteAddress);
+        // init connection to client
+        local.initiateConnectToClient(clientFd, getPort());
+        local.waitForConnectionEstablished(clientFd);
+        return socket;
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public void close() throws IOException {
+        getLocalRfcommDelegate().closeServerSocket(getServerSocketFileDescriptor());
+        Shadow.directlyOn(mRealServerSocket, BluetoothServerSocket.class, "close");
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    FileDescriptor getServerSocketFileDescriptor() {
+        BluetoothSocket socket = ReflectionHelpers.getField(mRealServerSocket, "mSocket");
+        ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ReflectionHelpers.getField(socket, "mPfd");
+        if (pfd == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return pfd.getFileDescriptor();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    int getPort() {
+        BluetoothSocket socket = ReflectionHelpers.getField(mRealServerSocket, "mSocket");
+        return ReflectionHelpers.getField(socket, "mPort");
+    }
+
+    private ShadowLocalSocket getLocalSocketShadow(BluetoothSocket socket) {
+        LocalSocket localSocket = ReflectionHelpers.getField(socket, "mSocket");
+        return (ShadowLocalSocket) Shadow.extract(localSocket);
+    }
+
+    private RfcommDelegate getLocalRfcommDelegate() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalBlueletImpl().getRfcommDelegate();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothSocket.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothSocket.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d417cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowBluetoothSocket.java
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection.RfcommDelegate;
+
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implementation;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implements;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.RealObject;
+import org.robolectric.shadow.api.Shadow;
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+
+/**
+ * Shadow implementation of a Bluetooth Socket
+ */
+@Implements(BluetoothSocket.class)
+public class ShadowBluetoothSocket {
+
+    @RealObject
+    BluetoothSocket mRealSocket;
+
+    public ShadowBluetoothSocket() {
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public void connect() throws IOException {
+        Shadow.directlyOn(mRealSocket, BluetoothSocket.class, "connect");
+
+        boolean isEncrypted = ReflectionHelpers.getField(mRealSocket, "mEncrypt");
+        FileDescriptor localFd =
+                ((ParcelFileDescriptor) ReflectionHelpers.getField(mRealSocket,
+                        "mPfd")).getFileDescriptor();
+        RfcommDelegate local = DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalBlueletImpl()
+                .getRfcommDelegate();
+        String remoteAddress = mRealSocket.getRemoteDevice().getAddress();
+        local.finishPendingConnection(remoteAddress, localFd, isEncrypted);
+
+        ShadowLocalSocket shadowLocalSocket = getLocalSocketShadow();
+        shadowLocalSocket.setRemoteAddress(remoteAddress);
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
+        ShadowLocalSocket socket = getLocalSocketShadow();
+        return socket.getInputStream();
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public OutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
+        ShadowLocalSocket socket = getLocalSocketShadow();
+        return socket.getOutputStream();
+    }
+
+    private ShadowLocalSocket getLocalSocketShadow() throws IOException {
+        try {
+            return (ShadowLocalSocket) Shadow.extract(
+                    ReflectionHelpers.getField(mRealSocket, "mSocket"));
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            throw new IOException(e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowLocalSocket.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowLocalSocket.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5189330
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowLocalSocket.java
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth;
+
+import android.net.LocalSocket;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.BluetoothConstants;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.bluetooth.connection.RfcommDelegate;
+
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implementation;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implements;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+
+/**
+ * Shadow implementation of a LocalSocket to make bluetooth connections function.
+ */
+@Implements(LocalSocket.class)
+public class ShadowLocalSocket {
+
+    private String mRemoteAddress;
+    private FileDescriptor mFd;
+    private FileDescriptor mAncillaryFd;
+
+    public ShadowLocalSocket() {
+    }
+
+    public void __constructor__(FileDescriptor fd) {
+        this.mFd = fd;
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public FileDescriptor[] getAncillaryFileDescriptors() throws IOException {
+        return new FileDescriptor[]{mAncillaryFd};
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    @SuppressWarnings("InputStreamSlowMultibyteRead")
+    public InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
+        final RfcommDelegate local = getLocalRfcommDelegate();
+        return new InputStream() {
+            @Override
+            public int read() throws IOException {
+                int res = local.read(mRemoteAddress, mFd);
+                if (res == BluetoothConstants.SOCKET_CLOSE) {
+                    throw new IOException("closed");
+                }
+                return res & 0xFF;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public OutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
+        final RfcommDelegate local = getLocalRfcommDelegate();
+        return new OutputStream() {
+            @Override
+            public void write(int b) throws IOException {
+                local.write(mRemoteAddress, mFd, b);
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public void setSoTimeout(int n) throws IOException {
+        // Nothing
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public void shutdownInput() throws IOException {
+        getLocalRfcommDelegate().shutdownInput(mRemoteAddress, mFd);
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public void shutdownOutput() throws IOException {
+        if (mRemoteAddress == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        getLocalRfcommDelegate().shutdownOutput(mRemoteAddress, mFd);
+    }
+
+    void setAncillaryFd(FileDescriptor fd) {
+        mAncillaryFd = fd;
+    }
+
+    void setRemoteAddress(String address) {
+        mRemoteAddress = address;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void setFileDescriptorForTest(FileDescriptor fd) {
+        this.mFd = fd;
+    }
+
+    private RfcommDelegate getLocalRfcommDelegate() {
+        return DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalBlueletImpl().getRfcommDelegate();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowParcelFileDescriptor.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowParcelFileDescriptor.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..585939b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/bluetooth/ShadowParcelFileDescriptor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth;
+
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
+
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implementation;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implements;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * Inert implementation of a ParcelFileDescriptor to make bluetooth connections function.
+ */
+@Implements(ParcelFileDescriptor.class)
+public class ShadowParcelFileDescriptor {
+
+    private FileDescriptor mFd;
+
+    public ShadowParcelFileDescriptor() {
+    }
+
+    public void __constructor__(FileDescriptor fd) {
+        this.mFd = fd;
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public FileDescriptor getFileDescriptor() {
+        return mFd;
+    }
+
+    @Implementation
+    public void close() throws IOException {
+        // Nothing
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/common/DeviceShadowContextImpl.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/common/DeviceShadowContextImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bbcee7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/common/DeviceShadowContextImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.common;
+
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceletImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.common.BroadcastManager;
+
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implementation;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implements;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.RealObject;
+import org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowContextImpl;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+
+/**
+ * Extends {@link ShadowContextImpl} to achieve automatic method redirection to correct virtual
+ * device.
+ *
+ * <p>Supports:
+ * <li>Broadcasting</li>
+ * Includes send regular, regular sticky, ordered broadcast, and register/unregister receiver.
+ * </p>
+ */
+@Implements(className = "android.app.ContextImpl")
+public class DeviceShadowContextImpl extends ShadowContextImpl {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "DeviceShadowContextImpl";
+
+    @RealObject
+    private Context mContextImpl;
+
+    @Override
+    @Implementation
+    @Nullable
+    public Intent registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver receiver, IntentFilter filter) {
+        if (receiver == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        BroadcastManager manager = getLocalBroadcastManager();
+        if (manager == null) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Receiver registered before any devices added: " + receiver);
+            return null;
+        }
+        return manager.registerReceiver(
+                receiver, filter, null /* permission */, null /* handler */, mContextImpl);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Implementation
+    @Nullable
+    public Intent registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver receiver, IntentFilter filter,
+            @Nullable String broadcastPermission, @Nullable Handler scheduler) {
+        return getLocalBroadcastManager().registerReceiver(
+                receiver, filter, broadcastPermission, scheduler, mContextImpl);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Implementation
+    public void unregisterReceiver(BroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver) {
+        getLocalBroadcastManager().unregisterReceiver(broadcastReceiver);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Implementation
+    public void sendBroadcast(Intent intent) {
+        getLocalBroadcastManager().sendBroadcast(intent, null /* permission */);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Implementation
+    public void sendBroadcast(Intent intent, @Nullable String receiverPermission) {
+        getLocalBroadcastManager().sendBroadcast(intent, receiverPermission);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Implementation
+    public void sendOrderedBroadcast(Intent intent, @Nullable String receiverPermission) {
+        getLocalBroadcastManager().sendOrderedBroadcast(intent, receiverPermission);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Implementation
+    public void sendOrderedBroadcast(Intent intent, @Nullable String receiverPermission,
+            @Nullable BroadcastReceiver resultReceiver, @Nullable Handler scheduler,
+            int initialCode, @Nullable String initialData, @Nullable Bundle initialExtras) {
+        getLocalBroadcastManager().sendOrderedBroadcast(intent, receiverPermission, resultReceiver,
+                scheduler, initialCode, initialData, initialExtras, mContextImpl);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    @Implementation
+    public void sendStickyBroadcast(Intent intent) {
+        getLocalBroadcastManager().sendStickyBroadcast(intent);
+    }
+
+    private BroadcastManager getLocalBroadcastManager() {
+        DeviceletImpl devicelet = DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalDeviceletImpl();
+        if (devicelet == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return devicelet.getBroadcastManager();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/nfc/ShadowNfcAdapter.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/nfc/ShadowNfcAdapter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7112fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/shadows/nfc/ShadowNfcAdapter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.nfc;
+
+import static org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers.callConstructor;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nfc.NfcAdapter;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Enums.NfcOperation;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.internal.nfc.INfcAdapterImpl;
+
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implementation;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Implements;
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers;
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers.ClassParameter;
+
+/**
+ * Shadow implementation of Nfc Adapter.
+ */
+@Implements(NfcAdapter.class)
+public class ShadowNfcAdapter {
+
+    @Implementation
+    public static NfcAdapter getDefaultAdapter(Context context) {
+        if (DeviceShadowEnvironmentImpl.getLocalNfcletImpl()
+                .shouldInterrupt(NfcOperation.GET_ADAPTER)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        ReflectionHelpers.setStaticField(NfcAdapter.class, "sService", new INfcAdapterImpl());
+        return callConstructor(NfcAdapter.class, ClassParameter.from(Context.class, context));
+    }
+
+    // TODO(b/200231384): support state change.
+    public ShadowNfcAdapter() {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/BaseTestCase.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/BaseTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a3c0e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/BaseTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.testcases;
+
+import android.app.Application;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironment;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth.ShadowLocalSocket;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth.ShadowParcelFileDescriptor;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.common.DeviceShadowContextImpl;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.internal.AssumptionViolatedException;
+import org.junit.rules.TestWatcher;
+import org.junit.runner.Description;
+import org.robolectric.RuntimeEnvironment;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Config;
+
+/**
+ * Base class for all DeviceShadower client.
+ */
+@Config(
+        // sdk = 21,
+        shadows = {
+                DeviceShadowContextImpl.class,
+                ShadowParcelFileDescriptor.class,
+                ShadowLocalSocket.class
+        })
+public class BaseTestCase {
+
+    protected Application mContext = RuntimeEnvironment.application;
+
+    /**
+     * Test Watcher which logs test starting and finishing so log messages are easier to read.
+     */
+    @Rule
+    public TestWatcher watcher = new TestWatcher() {
+        @Override
+        protected void succeeded(Description description) {
+            super.succeeded(description);
+            logMessage(
+                    String.format("Test %s finished successfully.", description.getDisplayName()));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void failed(Throwable e, Description description) {
+            super.failed(e, description);
+            logMessage(String.format("Test %s failed.", description.getDisplayName()));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void skipped(AssumptionViolatedException e, Description description) {
+            super.skipped(e, description);
+            logMessage(String.format("Test %s is skipped.", description.getDisplayName()));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void starting(Description description) {
+            super.starting(description);
+            logMessage(String.format("Test %s started.", description.getDisplayName()));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected void finished(Description description) {
+            super.finished(description);
+        }
+
+        private void logMessage(String message) {
+            System.out.println("\n*** " + message);
+        }
+    };
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.init();
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.reset();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/BluetoothTestCase.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/BluetoothTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cddc6fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/BluetoothTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.testcases;
+
+import static org.robolectric.Shadows.shadowOf;
+import static org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers.callConstructor;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth.ShadowBluetoothA2dp;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth.ShadowBluetoothAdapter;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth.ShadowBluetoothDevice;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth.ShadowBluetoothLeScanner;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth.ShadowBluetoothServerSocket;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth.ShadowBluetoothSocket;
+
+import org.robolectric.RuntimeEnvironment;
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Config;
+import org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers.ClassParameter;
+
+/**
+ * Base class for Bluetooth Test
+ */
+@Config(
+        shadows = {
+                ShadowBluetoothAdapter.class,
+                ShadowBluetoothDevice.class,
+                ShadowBluetoothLeScanner.class,
+                ShadowBluetoothSocket.class,
+                ShadowBluetoothServerSocket.class,
+                ShadowBluetoothA2dp.class
+        })
+public class BluetoothTestCase extends BaseTestCase {
+
+    @Override
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+        // TODO(b/28087747): Get bluetooth Manager from robolectric framework.
+        shadowOf(RuntimeEnvironment.application)
+                .setSystemService(
+                        Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE,
+                        callConstructor(BluetoothManager.class,
+                                ClassParameter.from(Context.class, mContext)));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/Matchers.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/Matchers.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3bfe43b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/Matchers.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.testcases;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.argThat;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
+
+import org.mockito.ArgumentMatcher;
+
+/**
+ * Convenient methods to create mockito matchers.
+ */
+public class Matchers {
+
+    private Matchers() {
+    }
+
+    public static <T extends Exception> T exception(final Class<T> clazz, final String... msgs) {
+        return argThat(
+                new ArgumentMatcher<T>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public boolean matches(T obj) {
+                        if (!clazz.isInstance(obj)) {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                        Throwable exception = clazz.cast(obj);
+                        for (String msg : msgs) {
+                            if (exception == null || !exception.getMessage().contains(msg)) {
+                                return false;
+                            }
+                            exception = exception.getCause();
+                        }
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    public static BluetoothSocket socket(final String addr) {
+        return argThat(
+                new ArgumentMatcher<BluetoothSocket>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public boolean matches(BluetoothSocket obj) {
+                        return ((BluetoothSocket) obj)
+                                .getRemoteDevice()
+                                .getAddress()
+                                .toUpperCase()
+                                .equals(addr.toUpperCase());
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/NfcTestCase.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/NfcTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a80164b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/NfcTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.testcases;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.nfc.ShadowNfcAdapter;
+
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Config;
+
+/**
+ * Base class for NFC Test
+ */
+@Config(shadows = {ShadowNfcAdapter.class})
+public class NfcTestCase extends BaseTestCase {
+
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/SmsTestCase.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/SmsTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..edfcc6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/libraries/testing/deviceshadower/testcases/SmsTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.testcases;
+
+import android.content.pm.ProviderInfo;
+import android.provider.Telephony;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal;
+
+import org.robolectric.Robolectric;
+
+/**
+ * Base class for SMS Test
+ */
+public class SmsTestCase extends BaseTestCase {
+
+    @Override
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+        ProviderInfo info = new ProviderInfo();
+        info.authority = Telephony.Sms.CONTENT_URI.getAuthority();
+        Robolectric.buildContentProvider(
+                        DeviceShadowEnvironmentInternal.getSmsContentProviderClass())
+                .create(info);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothClassicPairerTest.java b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothClassicPairerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ac2aaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/robotests/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothClassicPairerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static org.robolectric.Shadows.shadowOf;
+
+import android.Manifest.permission;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.Bluelet.IoCapabilities;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.DeviceShadowEnvironment;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.shadows.bluetooth.ShadowBluetoothDevice;
+import com.android.libraries.testing.deviceshadower.testcases.BluetoothTestCase;
+
+import com.google.common.base.VerifyException;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link BluetoothClassicPairer}.
+ */
+@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
+public class BluetoothClassicPairerTest extends BluetoothTestCase {
+
+    private static final String LOCAL_DEVICE_ADDRESS = "AA:AA:AA:AA:AA:01";
+
+    /**
+     * The remote device's Bluetooth Classic address.
+     */
+    private static final String REMOTE_DEVICE_PUBLIC_ADDRESS = "BB:BB:BB:BB:BB:0C";
+
+    private Preferences.Builder mPrefsBuilder;
+
+    @Before
+    @Override
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+        mPrefsBuilder = Preferences.builder().setCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(10);
+
+        ShadowBluetoothDevice.resetPairingConfirmation();
+        shadowOf(mContext)
+                .grantPermissions(
+                        permission.BLUETOOTH, permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN,
+                        permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED);
+
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.addDevice(LOCAL_DEVICE_ADDRESS)
+                .bluetooth()
+                .setAdapterInitialState(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON)
+                .setIoCapabilities(IoCapabilities.DISPLAY_YES_NO);
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.addDevice(REMOTE_DEVICE_PUBLIC_ADDRESS)
+                .bluetooth()
+                .setAdapterInitialState(BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON)
+                .setScanMode(BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE)
+                .setIoCapabilities(IoCapabilities.DISPLAY_YES_NO);
+
+        // By default, code runs as if it's on this virtual "device".
+        DeviceShadowEnvironment.setLocalDevice(LOCAL_DEVICE_ADDRESS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void pair_setPairingConfirmationTrue_deviceBonded() throws Exception {
+    // TODO(b/217195327): replace deviceshadower with injector.
+    /*
+        AtomicReference<BluetoothDevice> targetRemoteDevice = new AtomicReference<>();
+        BluetoothClassicPairer bluetoothClassicPairer =
+                new BluetoothClassicPairer(
+                        mContext,
+                        BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+                                .getRemoteDevice(REMOTE_DEVICE_PUBLIC_ADDRESS),
+                        mPrefsBuilder.build(),
+                        (BluetoothDevice remoteDevice, int key) -> {
+                            targetRemoteDevice.set(remoteDevice);
+                            // Confirms at remote device to pair with local one.
+                            setPairingConfirmationAtRemoteDevice(true);
+
+                            // Confirms to pair with remote device.
+                            remoteDevice.setPairingConfirmation(true);
+                        });
+
+        bluetoothClassicPairer.pair();
+
+        assertThat(targetRemoteDevice.get()).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(targetRemoteDevice.get().getAddress()).isEqualTo(REMOTE_DEVICE_PUBLIC_ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(targetRemoteDevice.get().getBondState()).isEqualTo(BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED);
+        assertThat(bluetoothClassicPairer.isPaired()).isTrue();
+    */
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void pair_setPairingConfirmationFalse_throwsExceptionDeviceNotBonded() throws Exception {
+    // TODO(b/217195327): replace deviceshadower with injector.
+    /*
+        AtomicReference<BluetoothDevice> targetRemoteDevice = new AtomicReference<>();
+        BluetoothClassicPairer bluetoothClassicPairer =
+                new BluetoothClassicPairer(
+                        mContext,
+                        BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+                                .getRemoteDevice(REMOTE_DEVICE_PUBLIC_ADDRESS),
+                        mPrefsBuilder.build(),
+                        (BluetoothDevice remoteDevice, int key) -> {
+                            targetRemoteDevice.set(remoteDevice);
+                            // Confirms at remote device to pair with local one.
+                            setPairingConfirmationAtRemoteDevice(true);
+
+                            // Confirms NOT to pair with remote device.
+                            remoteDevice.setPairingConfirmation(false);
+                        });
+
+        assertThrows(PairingException.class, bluetoothClassicPairer::pair);
+
+        assertThat(targetRemoteDevice.get()).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(targetRemoteDevice.get().getAddress()).isEqualTo(REMOTE_DEVICE_PUBLIC_ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(targetRemoteDevice.get().getBondState()).isNotEqualTo(
+                BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED);
+        assertThat(bluetoothClassicPairer.isPaired()).isFalse();
+    */
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void pair_setPairingConfirmationIgnored_throwsExceptionDeviceNotBonded()
+            throws Exception {
+    // TODO(b/217195327): replace deviceshadower with injector.
+    /*
+        AtomicReference<BluetoothDevice> targetRemoteDevice = new AtomicReference<>();
+        BluetoothClassicPairer bluetoothClassicPairer =
+                new BluetoothClassicPairer(
+                        mContext,
+                        BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+                                .getRemoteDevice(REMOTE_DEVICE_PUBLIC_ADDRESS),
+                        mPrefsBuilder.build(),
+                        (BluetoothDevice remoteDevice, int key) -> {
+                            targetRemoteDevice.set(remoteDevice);
+                            // Confirms at remote device to pair with local one.
+                            setPairingConfirmationAtRemoteDevice(true);
+
+                            // Ignores the setPairingConfirmation.
+                        });
+
+        assertThrows(PairingException.class, bluetoothClassicPairer::pair);
+        assertThat(targetRemoteDevice.get()).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(targetRemoteDevice.get().getAddress()).isEqualTo(REMOTE_DEVICE_PUBLIC_ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(targetRemoteDevice.get().getBondState()).isNotEqualTo(
+                BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED);
+        assertThat(bluetoothClassicPairer.isPaired()).isFalse();
+    */
+    }
+
+    private static void setPairingConfirmationAtRemoteDevice(boolean confirm) {
+        try {
+            DeviceShadowEnvironment.run(REMOTE_DEVICE_PUBLIC_ADDRESS,
+                    () -> BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+                            .getRemoteDevice(LOCAL_DEVICE_ADDRESS)
+                            .setPairingConfirmation(confirm)).get();
+        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
+            throw new VerifyException("failed to set pairing confirmation at remote device", e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/Android.bp b/nearby/tests/unit/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b35452
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_test {
+    name: "NearbyUnitTests",
+    defaults: ["mts-target-sdk-version-current"],
+    sdk_version: "test_current",
+    min_sdk_version: "31",
+
+    // Include all test java files.
+    srcs: ["src/**/*.java"],
+
+    libs: [
+        "android.test.base",
+        "android.test.mock",
+        "android.test.runner",
+    ],
+    compile_multilib: "both",
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "androidx.test.ext.junit",
+        "androidx.test.rules",
+        "framework-nearby-static",
+        "guava",
+        "junit",
+        "libprotobuf-java-lite",
+        "mockito-target-extended-minus-junit4",
+        "platform-test-annotations",
+        "service-nearby-pre-jarjar",
+        "truth-prebuilt",
+        // "Robolectric_all-target",
+    ],
+    // these are needed for Extended Mockito
+    jni_libs: [
+        "libdexmakerjvmtiagent",
+        "libstaticjvmtiagent",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "mts-tethering",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/AndroidManifest.xml b/nearby/tests/unit/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7dcb263
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+          package="android.nearby.test">
+
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
+
+    <application android:debuggable="true">
+        <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
+    </application>
+
+    <instrumentation
+        android:name="androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
+        android:targetPackage="android.nearby.test"
+        android:label="Nearby Mainline Module Tests" />
+</manifest>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/AndroidTest.xml b/nearby/tests/unit/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad52316
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  ~ Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+  ~
+  ~ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  ~ you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  ~ You may obtain a copy of the License at
+  ~
+  ~      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+  ~
+  ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  ~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  ~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  ~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  ~ limitations under the License.
+  -->
+<configuration description="Runs Nearby Mainline API Tests.">
+    <!-- Only run tests if the device under test is SDK version 33 (Android 13) or above. -->
+    <object type="module_controller" class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.suite.module.Sdk33ModuleController" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.suite.SuiteApkInstaller">
+        <option name="test-file-name" value="NearbyUnitTests.apk" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-tag" value="NearbyUnitTests" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="mainline-param"
+            value="com.google.android.tethering.next.apex" />
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.AndroidJUnitTest" >
+        <option name="package" value="android.nearby.test" />
+        <option name="runner" value="androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner" />
+        <option name="hidden-api-checks" value="false"/>
+    </test>
+
+    <!-- Only run NearbyUnitTests in MTS if the Nearby Mainline module is installed. -->
+    <object type="module_controller"
+            class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.suite.module.MainlineTestModuleController">
+        <option name="mainline-module-package-name" value="com.google.android.tethering" />
+    </object>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d095529
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataTest {
+
+    private static final int BLE_TX_POWER  = 5;
+    private static final String CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED =
+            "CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED";
+    private static final String CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED =
+            "CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED";
+    private static final float DELTA = 0.001f;
+    private static final int DEVICE_TYPE = 7;
+    private static final String DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION =
+            "FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final byte[] IMAGE = new byte[] {7, 9};
+    private static final String IMAGE_URL = "IMAGE_URL";
+    private static final String INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION =
+            "INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT =
+            "INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT";
+    private static final String INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION = "INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String INTENT_URI = "INTENT_URI";
+    private static final String OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION = "OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION =
+            "RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION = "SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final float TRIGGER_DISTANCE = 111;
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE = "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE";
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD =
+            "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD";
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD =
+            "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD";
+    private static final String UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION = "UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE = "UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE";
+    private static final String UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final byte[] ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY = new byte[] {4, 5, 6};
+    private static final String NAME = "NAME";
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSetGetFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataNotNull() {
+        FastPairDeviceMetadata fastPairDeviceMetadata = genFastPairDeviceMetadata();
+        FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata =
+                genFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY, fastPairDeviceMetadata);
+
+        assertThat(fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.getAntispoofPublicKey()).isEqualTo(
+                ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY);
+        ensureFastPairDeviceMetadataAsExpected(
+                fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.getFastPairDeviceMetadata());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSetGetFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataNull() {
+        FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata =
+                genFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(null, null);
+        assertThat(fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.getAntispoofPublicKey()).isEqualTo(
+                null);
+        assertThat(fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.getFastPairDeviceMetadata()).isEqualTo(
+                null);
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies DeviceMetadata. */
+    private static void ensureFastPairDeviceMetadataAsExpected(FastPairDeviceMetadata metadata) {
+        assertThat(metadata.getBleTxPower()).isEqualTo(BLE_TX_POWER);
+        assertThat(metadata.getConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled())
+                .isEqualTo(CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED);
+        assertThat(metadata.getConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled())
+                .isEqualTo(CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED);
+        assertThat(metadata.getDeviceType()).isEqualTo(DEVICE_TYPE);
+        assertThat(metadata.getDownloadCompanionAppDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getFailConnectGoToSettingsDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getImage()).isEqualTo(IMAGE);
+        assertThat(metadata.getImageUrl()).isEqualTo(IMAGE_URL);
+        assertThat(metadata.getInitialNotificationDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount())
+                .isEqualTo(INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(metadata.getInitialPairingDescription()).isEqualTo(INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getIntentUri()).isEqualTo(INTENT_URI);
+        assertThat(metadata.getName()).isEqualTo(NAME);
+        assertThat(metadata.getOpenCompanionAppDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getRetroactivePairingDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getSubsequentPairingDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getTriggerDistance()).isWithin(DELTA).of(TRIGGER_DISTANCE);
+        assertThat(metadata.getTrueWirelessImageUrlCase()).isEqualTo(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE);
+        assertThat(metadata.getTrueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud())
+                .isEqualTo(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD);
+        assertThat(metadata.getTrueWirelessImageUrlRightBud())
+                .isEqualTo(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD);
+        assertThat(metadata.getUnableToConnectDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getUnableToConnectTitle()).isEqualTo(UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE);
+        assertThat(metadata.getUpdateCompanionAppDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getWaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+    }
+
+    /* Generates FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata. */
+    private static FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata genFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+            byte[] antispoofPublicKey, FastPairDeviceMetadata deviceMetadata) {
+        FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.Builder builder =
+                new FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.Builder();
+        builder.setAntispoofPublicKey(antispoofPublicKey);
+        builder.setFastPairDeviceMetadata(deviceMetadata);
+
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    /* Generates FastPairDeviceMetadata. */
+    private static FastPairDeviceMetadata genFastPairDeviceMetadata() {
+        FastPairDeviceMetadata.Builder builder = new FastPairDeviceMetadata.Builder();
+        builder.setBleTxPower(BLE_TX_POWER);
+        builder.setConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled(CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED);
+        builder.setConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled(
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED);
+        builder.setDeviceType(DEVICE_TYPE);
+        builder.setDownloadCompanionAppDescription(DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setFailConnectGoToSettingsDescription(FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setImage(IMAGE);
+        builder.setImageUrl(IMAGE_URL);
+        builder.setInitialNotificationDescription(INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount(
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT);
+        builder.setInitialPairingDescription(INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setIntentUri(INTENT_URI);
+        builder.setName(NAME);
+        builder.setOpenCompanionAppDescription(OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setRetroactivePairingDescription(RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setSubsequentPairingDescription(SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setTriggerDistance(TRIGGER_DISTANCE);
+        builder.setTrueWirelessImageUrlCase(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE);
+        builder.setTrueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD);
+        builder.setTrueWirelessImageUrlRightBud(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD);
+        builder.setUnableToConnectDescription(UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setUnableToConnectTitle(UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE);
+        builder.setUpdateCompanionAppDescription(UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setWaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription(WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairDataProviderServiceTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairDataProviderServiceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3f2442
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairDataProviderServiceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,966 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.nearby.aidl.ByteArrayParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairDataProvider;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairManageAccountCallback;
+import android.nearby.aidl.IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Captor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class FastPairDataProviderServiceTest {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "FastPairDataProviderServiceTest";
+
+    private static final int BLE_TX_POWER  = 5;
+    private static final String CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED =
+            "CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED";
+    private static final String CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED =
+            "CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED";
+    private static final float DELTA = 0.001f;
+    private static final int DEVICE_TYPE = 7;
+    private static final String DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final Account ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_1 = new Account("abc@google.com", "type1");
+    private static final boolean ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_1_OPT_IN = true;
+    private static final Account ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_2 = new Account("def@gmail.com", "type2");
+    private static final boolean ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_2_OPT_IN = false;
+    private static final Account MANAGE_ACCOUNT = new Account("ghi@gmail.com", "type3");
+    private static final Account ACCOUNTDEVICES_METADATA_ACCOUNT =
+            new Account("jk@gmail.com", "type4");
+    private static final int NUM_ACCOUNT_DEVICES = 2;
+
+    private static final int ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST =
+            FastPairDataProviderService.ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST;
+    private static final int MANAGE_ACCOUNT_REQUEST_TYPE =
+            FastPairDataProviderService.MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD;
+    private static final String ERROR_STRING = "ERROR_STRING";
+    private static final String FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION =
+            "FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final byte[] IMAGE = new byte[] {7, 9};
+    private static final String IMAGE_URL = "IMAGE_URL";
+    private static final String INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION =
+            "INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT =
+            "INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT";
+    private static final String INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION = "INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String INTENT_URI = "INTENT_URI";
+    private static final String OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION = "OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION =
+            "RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION = "SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final float TRIGGER_DISTANCE = 111;
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE = "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE";
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD =
+            "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD";
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD =
+            "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD";
+    private static final String UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION = "UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE = "UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE";
+    private static final String UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final byte[] ACCOUNT_KEY = new byte[] {3};
+    private static final byte[] ACCOUNT_KEY_2 = new byte[] {9, 3};
+    private static final byte[] SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS = new byte[] {2, 8};
+    private static final byte[] REQUEST_MODEL_ID = new byte[] {1, 2, 3};
+    private static final byte[] ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY = new byte[] {4, 5, 6};
+    private static final String ACTION_URL = "ACTION_URL";
+    private static final int ACTION_URL_TYPE = 5;
+    private static final String APP_NAME = "APP_NAME";
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICATION_PUBLIC_KEY_SEC_P256R1 = new byte[] {5, 7};
+    private static final String DESCRIPTION = "DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "DEVICE_NAME";
+    private static final String DISPLAY_URL = "DISPLAY_URL";
+    private static final long FIRST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS = 8393L;
+    private static final String  ICON_FIFE_URL = "ICON_FIFE_URL";
+    private static final byte[]  ICON_PNG = new byte[]{2, 5};
+    private static final String ID = "ID";
+    private static final long LAST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS = 934234L;
+    private static final String MAC_ADDRESS = "MAC_ADDRESS";
+    private static final String NAME = "NAME";
+    private static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "PACKAGE_NAME";
+    private static final long PENDING_APP_INSTALL_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS = 832393L;
+    private static final int RSSI = 9;
+    private static final int STATE = 63;
+    private static final String TITLE = "TITLE";
+    private static final String TRIGGER_ID = "TRIGGER_ID";
+    private static final int TX_POWER = 62;
+
+    private static final int ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNTS_NUM = 2;
+    private static final ImmutableList<FastPairEligibleAccount> ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNTS =
+            ImmutableList.of(
+                    genHappyPathFastPairEligibleAccount(ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_1,
+                            ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_1_OPT_IN),
+                    genHappyPathFastPairEligibleAccount(ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_2,
+                            ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_2_OPT_IN));
+    private static final int ACCOUNTKEY_DEVICE_NUM = 2;
+    private static final ImmutableList<FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata>
+            FAST_PAIR_ACCOUNT_DEVICES_METADATA =
+            ImmutableList.of(
+                    genHappyPathFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadata(),
+                    genHappyPathFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadata());
+
+    private static final FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel
+            FAST_PAIR_ANTI_SPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA_REQUEST_PARCEL =
+            genFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel();
+    private static final FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel
+            FAST_PAIR_ACCOUNT_DEVICES_METADATA_REQUEST_PARCEL =
+            genFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel();
+    private static final FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel
+            FAST_PAIR_ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNTS_REQUEST_PARCEL =
+            genFastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel();
+    private static final FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel
+            FAST_PAIR_MANAGE_ACCOUNT_REQUEST_PARCEL =
+            genFastPairManageAccountRequestParcel();
+    private static final FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel
+            FAST_PAIR_MANAGE_ACCOUNT_DEVICE_REQUEST_PARCEL =
+            genFastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel();
+    private static final FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata
+            HAPPY_PATH_FAST_PAIR_ANTI_SPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA =
+            genHappyPathFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata();
+
+    @Captor private ArgumentCaptor<FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[]>
+            mFastPairEligibleAccountParcelsArgumentCaptor;
+    @Captor private ArgumentCaptor<FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[]>
+            mFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcelsArgumentCaptor;
+
+    @Mock private FastPairDataProviderService mMockFastPairDataProviderService;
+    @Mock private IFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback.Stub
+            mAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback;
+    @Mock private IFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback.Stub mAccountDevicesMetadataCallback;
+    @Mock private IFastPairEligibleAccountsCallback.Stub mEligibleAccountsCallback;
+    @Mock private IFastPairManageAccountCallback.Stub mManageAccountCallback;
+    @Mock private IFastPairManageAccountDeviceCallback.Stub mManageAccountDeviceCallback;
+
+    private MyHappyPathProvider mHappyPathFastPairDataProvider;
+    private MyErrorPathProvider mErrorPathFastPairDataProvider;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        initMocks(this);
+
+        mHappyPathFastPairDataProvider =
+                new MyHappyPathProvider(TAG, mMockFastPairDataProviderService);
+        mErrorPathFastPairDataProvider =
+                new MyErrorPathProvider(TAG, mMockFastPairDataProviderService);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHappyPathLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata() throws Exception {
+        // AOSP sends calls to OEM via Parcelable.
+        mHappyPathFastPairDataProvider.asProvider().loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                FAST_PAIR_ANTI_SPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA_REQUEST_PARCEL,
+                mAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback);
+
+        // OEM receives request and verifies that it is as expected.
+        final ArgumentCaptor<FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest>
+                fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(
+                        FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest.class
+                );
+        verify(mMockFastPairDataProviderService).onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestCaptor.capture(),
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback.class));
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestCaptor.getValue());
+
+        // AOSP receives responses and verifies that it is as expected.
+        final ArgumentCaptor<FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel>
+                fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcelCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel.class);
+        verify(mAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback).onFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataReceived(
+                fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcelCaptor.capture());
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(fastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcelCaptor.getValue());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHappyPathLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata() throws Exception {
+        // AOSP sends calls to OEM via Parcelable.
+        mHappyPathFastPairDataProvider.asProvider().loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+                FAST_PAIR_ACCOUNT_DEVICES_METADATA_REQUEST_PARCEL,
+                mAccountDevicesMetadataCallback);
+
+        // OEM receives request and verifies that it is as expected.
+        final ArgumentCaptor<FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest>
+                fastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(
+                        FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest.class);
+        verify(mMockFastPairDataProviderService).onLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+                fastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestCaptor.capture(),
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback.class));
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(fastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestCaptor.getValue());
+
+        // AOSP receives responses and verifies that it is as expected.
+        verify(mAccountDevicesMetadataCallback).onFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataReceived(
+                mFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcelsArgumentCaptor.capture());
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(
+                mFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcelsArgumentCaptor.getValue());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHappyPathLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts() throws Exception {
+        // AOSP sends calls to OEM via Parcelable.
+        mHappyPathFastPairDataProvider.asProvider().loadFastPairEligibleAccounts(
+                FAST_PAIR_ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNTS_REQUEST_PARCEL,
+                mEligibleAccountsCallback);
+
+        // OEM receives request and verifies that it is as expected.
+        final ArgumentCaptor<FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest>
+                fastPairEligibleAccountsRequestCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(
+                        FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest.class);
+        verify(mMockFastPairDataProviderService).onLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts(
+                fastPairEligibleAccountsRequestCaptor.capture(),
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairEligibleAccountsCallback.class));
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(fastPairEligibleAccountsRequestCaptor.getValue());
+
+        // AOSP receives responses and verifies that it is as expected.
+        verify(mEligibleAccountsCallback).onFastPairEligibleAccountsReceived(
+                mFastPairEligibleAccountParcelsArgumentCaptor.capture());
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(mFastPairEligibleAccountParcelsArgumentCaptor.getValue());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHappyPathManageFastPairAccount() throws Exception {
+        // AOSP sends calls to OEM via Parcelable.
+        mHappyPathFastPairDataProvider.asProvider().manageFastPairAccount(
+                FAST_PAIR_MANAGE_ACCOUNT_REQUEST_PARCEL,
+                mManageAccountCallback);
+
+        // OEM receives request and verifies that it is as expected.
+        final ArgumentCaptor<FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageAccountRequest>
+                fastPairManageAccountRequestCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(
+                        FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageAccountRequest.class);
+        verify(mMockFastPairDataProviderService).onManageFastPairAccount(
+                fastPairManageAccountRequestCaptor.capture(),
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageActionCallback.class));
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(fastPairManageAccountRequestCaptor.getValue());
+
+        // AOSP receives SUCCESS response.
+        verify(mManageAccountCallback).onSuccess();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHappyPathManageFastPairAccountDevice() throws Exception {
+        // AOSP sends calls to OEM via Parcelable.
+        mHappyPathFastPairDataProvider.asProvider().manageFastPairAccountDevice(
+                FAST_PAIR_MANAGE_ACCOUNT_DEVICE_REQUEST_PARCEL,
+                mManageAccountDeviceCallback);
+
+        // OEM receives request and verifies that it is as expected.
+        final ArgumentCaptor<FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest>
+                fastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(
+                        FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest.class);
+        verify(mMockFastPairDataProviderService).onManageFastPairAccountDevice(
+                fastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestCaptor.capture(),
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageActionCallback.class));
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(fastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestCaptor.getValue());
+
+        // AOSP receives SUCCESS response.
+        verify(mManageAccountDeviceCallback).onSuccess();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testErrorPathLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata() throws Exception {
+        mErrorPathFastPairDataProvider.asProvider().loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                FAST_PAIR_ANTI_SPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA_REQUEST_PARCEL,
+                mAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback);
+        verify(mMockFastPairDataProviderService).onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest.class),
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback.class));
+        verify(mAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback).onError(
+                eq(ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST), eq(ERROR_STRING));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testErrorPathLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata() throws Exception {
+        mErrorPathFastPairDataProvider.asProvider().loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+                FAST_PAIR_ACCOUNT_DEVICES_METADATA_REQUEST_PARCEL,
+                mAccountDevicesMetadataCallback);
+        verify(mMockFastPairDataProviderService).onLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest.class),
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback.class));
+        verify(mAccountDevicesMetadataCallback).onError(
+                eq(ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST), eq(ERROR_STRING));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testErrorPathLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts() throws Exception {
+        mErrorPathFastPairDataProvider.asProvider().loadFastPairEligibleAccounts(
+                FAST_PAIR_ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNTS_REQUEST_PARCEL,
+                mEligibleAccountsCallback);
+        verify(mMockFastPairDataProviderService).onLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts(
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest.class),
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairEligibleAccountsCallback.class));
+        verify(mEligibleAccountsCallback).onError(
+                eq(ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST), eq(ERROR_STRING));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testErrorPathManageFastPairAccount() throws Exception {
+        mErrorPathFastPairDataProvider.asProvider().manageFastPairAccount(
+                FAST_PAIR_MANAGE_ACCOUNT_REQUEST_PARCEL,
+                mManageAccountCallback);
+        verify(mMockFastPairDataProviderService).onManageFastPairAccount(
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageAccountRequest.class),
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageActionCallback.class));
+        verify(mManageAccountCallback).onError(eq(ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST), eq(ERROR_STRING));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testErrorPathManageFastPairAccountDevice() throws Exception {
+        mErrorPathFastPairDataProvider.asProvider().manageFastPairAccountDevice(
+                FAST_PAIR_MANAGE_ACCOUNT_DEVICE_REQUEST_PARCEL,
+                mManageAccountDeviceCallback);
+        verify(mMockFastPairDataProviderService).onManageFastPairAccountDevice(
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest.class),
+                any(FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageActionCallback.class));
+        verify(mManageAccountDeviceCallback).onError(eq(ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST), eq(ERROR_STRING));
+    }
+
+    public static class MyHappyPathProvider extends FastPairDataProviderService {
+
+        private final FastPairDataProviderService mMockFastPairDataProviderService;
+
+        public MyHappyPathProvider(@NonNull String tag, FastPairDataProviderService mock) {
+            super(tag);
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService = mock;
+        }
+
+        public IFastPairDataProvider asProvider() {
+            Intent intent = new Intent();
+            return IFastPairDataProvider.Stub.asInterface(onBind(intent));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                @NonNull FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest request,
+                @NonNull FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback callback) {
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService.onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                    request, callback);
+            callback.onFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataReceived(
+                    HAPPY_PATH_FAST_PAIR_ANTI_SPOOF_KEY_DEVICE_METADATA);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+                @NonNull FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest request,
+                @NonNull FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback callback) {
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService.onLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+                    request, callback);
+            callback.onFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataReceived(FAST_PAIR_ACCOUNT_DEVICES_METADATA);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts(
+                @NonNull FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest request,
+                @NonNull FastPairEligibleAccountsCallback callback) {
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService.onLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts(
+                    request, callback);
+            callback.onFastPairEligibleAccountsReceived(ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNTS);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onManageFastPairAccount(
+                @NonNull FastPairManageAccountRequest request,
+                @NonNull FastPairManageActionCallback callback) {
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService.onManageFastPairAccount(request, callback);
+            callback.onSuccess();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onManageFastPairAccountDevice(
+                @NonNull FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest request,
+                @NonNull FastPairManageActionCallback callback) {
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService.onManageFastPairAccountDevice(request, callback);
+            callback.onSuccess();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class MyErrorPathProvider extends FastPairDataProviderService {
+
+        private final FastPairDataProviderService mMockFastPairDataProviderService;
+
+        public MyErrorPathProvider(@NonNull String tag, FastPairDataProviderService mock) {
+            super(tag);
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService = mock;
+        }
+
+        public IFastPairDataProvider asProvider() {
+            Intent intent = new Intent();
+            return IFastPairDataProvider.Stub.asInterface(onBind(intent));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                @NonNull FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest request,
+                @NonNull FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataCallback callback) {
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService.onLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                    request, callback);
+            callback.onError(ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST, ERROR_STRING);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+                @NonNull FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest request,
+                @NonNull FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataCallback callback) {
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService.onLoadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(
+                    request, callback);
+            callback.onError(ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST, ERROR_STRING);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts(
+                @NonNull FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest request,
+                @NonNull FastPairEligibleAccountsCallback callback) {
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService.onLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts(request, callback);
+            callback.onError(ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST, ERROR_STRING);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onManageFastPairAccount(
+                @NonNull FastPairManageAccountRequest request,
+                @NonNull FastPairManageActionCallback callback) {
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService.onManageFastPairAccount(request, callback);
+            callback.onError(ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST, ERROR_STRING);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onManageFastPairAccountDevice(
+                @NonNull FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest request,
+                @NonNull FastPairManageActionCallback callback) {
+            mMockFastPairDataProviderService.onManageFastPairAccountDevice(request, callback);
+            callback.onError(ERROR_CODE_BAD_REQUEST, ERROR_STRING);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Generates AntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel. */
+    private static FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel
+            genFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel() {
+        FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel requestParcel =
+                new FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel();
+        requestParcel.modelId = REQUEST_MODEL_ID;
+
+        return requestParcel;
+    }
+
+    /* Generates AccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel. */
+    private static FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel
+            genFastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel() {
+        FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel requestParcel =
+                new FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel();
+
+        requestParcel.account = ACCOUNTDEVICES_METADATA_ACCOUNT;
+        requestParcel.deviceAccountKeys = new ByteArrayParcel[NUM_ACCOUNT_DEVICES];
+        requestParcel.deviceAccountKeys[0] = new ByteArrayParcel();
+        requestParcel.deviceAccountKeys[1] = new ByteArrayParcel();
+        requestParcel.deviceAccountKeys[0].byteArray = ACCOUNT_KEY;
+        requestParcel.deviceAccountKeys[1].byteArray = ACCOUNT_KEY_2;
+
+        return requestParcel;
+    }
+
+    /* Generates FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel. */
+    private static FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel
+            genFastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel() {
+        FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel requestParcel =
+                new FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel();
+        // No fields since FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel is just a place holder now.
+        return requestParcel;
+    }
+
+    /* Generates FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel. */
+    private static FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel
+            genFastPairManageAccountRequestParcel() {
+        FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel requestParcel =
+                new FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel();
+        requestParcel.account = MANAGE_ACCOUNT;
+        requestParcel.requestType = MANAGE_ACCOUNT_REQUEST_TYPE;
+
+        return requestParcel;
+    }
+
+    /* Generates FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel. */
+    private static FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel
+            genFastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel() {
+        FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel requestParcel =
+                new FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel();
+        requestParcel.account = MANAGE_ACCOUNT;
+        requestParcel.requestType = MANAGE_ACCOUNT_REQUEST_TYPE;
+        requestParcel.accountKeyDeviceMetadata =
+                genHappyPathFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+
+        return requestParcel;
+    }
+
+    /* Generates Happy Path AntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata. */
+    private static FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata
+            genHappyPathFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata() {
+        FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.Builder builder =
+                new FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata.Builder();
+        builder.setAntispoofPublicKey(ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY);
+        builder.setFastPairDeviceMetadata(genHappyPathFastPairDeviceMetadata());
+
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    /* Generates Happy Path FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata. */
+    private static FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata
+            genHappyPathFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadata() {
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata.Builder builder =
+                new FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata.Builder();
+        builder.setDeviceAccountKey(ACCOUNT_KEY);
+        builder.setFastPairDeviceMetadata(genHappyPathFastPairDeviceMetadata());
+        builder.setSha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress(SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS);
+        builder.setFastPairDiscoveryItem(genHappyPathFastPairDiscoveryItem());
+
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    /* Generates Happy Path FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel. */
+    private static FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel
+            genHappyPathFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadataParcel() {
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel parcel =
+                new FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+        parcel.deviceAccountKey = ACCOUNT_KEY;
+        parcel.metadata = genHappyPathFastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+        parcel.sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress = SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS;
+        parcel.discoveryItem = genHappyPathFastPairDiscoveryItemParcel();
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    /* Generates Happy Path DiscoveryItem. */
+    private static FastPairDiscoveryItem genHappyPathFastPairDiscoveryItem() {
+        FastPairDiscoveryItem.Builder builder = new FastPairDiscoveryItem.Builder();
+
+        builder.setActionUrl(ACTION_URL);
+        builder.setActionUrlType(ACTION_URL_TYPE);
+        builder.setAppName(APP_NAME);
+        builder.setAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256r1(AUTHENTICATION_PUBLIC_KEY_SEC_P256R1);
+        builder.setDescription(DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setDeviceName(DEVICE_NAME);
+        builder.setDisplayUrl(DISPLAY_URL);
+        builder.setFirstObservationTimestampMillis(FIRST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        builder.setIconFfeUrl(ICON_FIFE_URL);
+        builder.setIconPng(ICON_PNG);
+        builder.setId(ID);
+        builder.setLastObservationTimestampMillis(LAST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        builder.setMacAddress(MAC_ADDRESS);
+        builder.setPackageName(PACKAGE_NAME);
+        builder.setPendingAppInstallTimestampMillis(PENDING_APP_INSTALL_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        builder.setRssi(RSSI);
+        builder.setState(STATE);
+        builder.setTitle(TITLE);
+        builder.setTriggerId(TRIGGER_ID);
+        builder.setTxPower(TX_POWER);
+
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    /* Generates Happy Path DiscoveryItemParcel. */
+    private static FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel genHappyPathFastPairDiscoveryItemParcel() {
+        FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel parcel = new FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel();
+
+        parcel.actionUrl = ACTION_URL;
+        parcel.actionUrlType = ACTION_URL_TYPE;
+        parcel.appName = APP_NAME;
+        parcel.authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1 = AUTHENTICATION_PUBLIC_KEY_SEC_P256R1;
+        parcel.description = DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.deviceName = DEVICE_NAME;
+        parcel.displayUrl = DISPLAY_URL;
+        parcel.firstObservationTimestampMillis = FIRST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS;
+        parcel.iconFifeUrl = ICON_FIFE_URL;
+        parcel.iconPng = ICON_PNG;
+        parcel.id = ID;
+        parcel.lastObservationTimestampMillis = LAST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS;
+        parcel.macAddress = MAC_ADDRESS;
+        parcel.packageName = PACKAGE_NAME;
+        parcel.pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis = PENDING_APP_INSTALL_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS;
+        parcel.rssi = RSSI;
+        parcel.state = STATE;
+        parcel.title = TITLE;
+        parcel.triggerId = TRIGGER_ID;
+        parcel.txPower = TX_POWER;
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    /* Generates Happy Path DeviceMetadata. */
+    private static FastPairDeviceMetadata genHappyPathFastPairDeviceMetadata() {
+        FastPairDeviceMetadata.Builder builder = new FastPairDeviceMetadata.Builder();
+        builder.setBleTxPower(BLE_TX_POWER);
+        builder.setConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled(CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED);
+        builder.setConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled(
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED);
+        builder.setDeviceType(DEVICE_TYPE);
+        builder.setDownloadCompanionAppDescription(DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setFailConnectGoToSettingsDescription(FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setImage(IMAGE);
+        builder.setImageUrl(IMAGE_URL);
+        builder.setInitialNotificationDescription(INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount(
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT);
+        builder.setInitialPairingDescription(INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setIntentUri(INTENT_URI);
+        builder.setName(NAME);
+        builder.setOpenCompanionAppDescription(OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setRetroactivePairingDescription(RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setSubsequentPairingDescription(SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setTriggerDistance(TRIGGER_DISTANCE);
+        builder.setTrueWirelessImageUrlCase(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE);
+        builder.setTrueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD);
+        builder.setTrueWirelessImageUrlRightBud(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD);
+        builder.setUnableToConnectDescription(UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setUnableToConnectTitle(UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE);
+        builder.setUpdateCompanionAppDescription(UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        builder.setWaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription(WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    /* Generates Happy Path DeviceMetadataParcel. */
+    private static FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel genHappyPathFastPairDeviceMetadataParcel() {
+        FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel parcel = new FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+
+        parcel.bleTxPower = BLE_TX_POWER;
+        parcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled = CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED;
+        parcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled =
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED;
+        parcel.deviceType = DEVICE_TYPE;
+        parcel.downloadCompanionAppDescription = DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription = FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.image = IMAGE;
+        parcel.imageUrl = IMAGE_URL;
+        parcel.initialNotificationDescription = INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount =
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT;
+        parcel.initialPairingDescription = INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.intentUri = INTENT_URI;
+        parcel.name = NAME;
+        parcel.openCompanionAppDescription = OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.retroactivePairingDescription = RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.subsequentPairingDescription = SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.triggerDistance = TRIGGER_DISTANCE;
+        parcel.trueWirelessImageUrlCase = TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE;
+        parcel.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud = TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD;
+        parcel.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud = TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD;
+        parcel.unableToConnectDescription = UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.unableToConnectTitle = UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE;
+        parcel.updateCompanionAppDescription = UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription = WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    /* Generates Happy Path FastPairEligibleAccount. */
+    private static FastPairEligibleAccount genHappyPathFastPairEligibleAccount(
+            Account account, boolean optIn) {
+        FastPairEligibleAccount.Builder builder = new FastPairEligibleAccount.Builder();
+        builder.setAccount(account);
+        builder.setOptIn(optIn);
+
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path AntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(
+            FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequest request) {
+        assertThat(request.getModelId()).isEqualTo(REQUEST_MODEL_ID);
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path AccountDevicesMetadataRequest. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(
+            FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequest request) {
+        assertThat(request.getAccount()).isEqualTo(ACCOUNTDEVICES_METADATA_ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(request.getDeviceAccountKeys().size()).isEqualTo(ACCOUNTKEY_DEVICE_NUM);
+        assertThat(request.getDeviceAccountKeys()).contains(ACCOUNT_KEY);
+        assertThat(request.getDeviceAccountKeys()).contains(ACCOUNT_KEY_2);
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest. */
+    @SuppressWarnings("UnusedVariable")
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(
+            FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest request) {
+        // No fields since FastPairEligibleAccountsRequest is just a place holder now.
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path FastPairManageAccountRequest. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(
+            FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageAccountRequest request) {
+        assertThat(request.getAccount()).isEqualTo(MANAGE_ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(request.getRequestType()).isEqualTo(MANAGE_ACCOUNT_REQUEST_TYPE);
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(
+            FastPairDataProviderService.FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequest request) {
+        assertThat(request.getAccount()).isEqualTo(MANAGE_ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(request.getRequestType()).isEqualTo(MANAGE_ACCOUNT_REQUEST_TYPE);
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(request.getAccountKeyDeviceMetadata());
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path AntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(
+            FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadataParcel) {
+        assertThat(metadataParcel).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.antispoofPublicKey).isEqualTo(ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY);
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(metadataParcel.deviceMetadata);
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[]. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(
+            FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] metadataParcels) {
+        assertThat(metadataParcels).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(metadataParcels).hasLength(ACCOUNTKEY_DEVICE_NUM);
+        for (FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel parcel: metadataParcels) {
+            ensureHappyPathAsExpected(parcel);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(
+            FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadataParcel) {
+        assertThat(metadataParcel).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.deviceAccountKey).isEqualTo(ACCOUNT_KEY);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress)
+                .isEqualTo(SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS);
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(metadataParcel.metadata);
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(metadataParcel.discoveryItem);
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(
+            FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata metadata) {
+        assertThat(metadata.getDeviceAccountKey()).isEqualTo(ACCOUNT_KEY);
+        assertThat(metadata.getSha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress())
+                .isEqualTo(SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS);
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(metadata.getFastPairDeviceMetadata());
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(metadata.getFastPairDiscoveryItem());
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path DeviceMetadataParcel. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel metadataParcel) {
+        assertThat(metadataParcel).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.bleTxPower).isEqualTo(BLE_TX_POWER);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled).isEqualTo(
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled).isEqualTo(
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.deviceType).isEqualTo(DEVICE_TYPE);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.downloadCompanionAppDescription).isEqualTo(
+                DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription).isEqualTo(
+                FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.image).isEqualTo(IMAGE);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.imageUrl).isEqualTo(IMAGE_URL);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.initialNotificationDescription).isEqualTo(
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount).isEqualTo(
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.initialPairingDescription).isEqualTo(INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.intentUri).isEqualTo(INTENT_URI);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.name).isEqualTo(NAME);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.openCompanionAppDescription).isEqualTo(
+                OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.retroactivePairingDescription).isEqualTo(
+                RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.subsequentPairingDescription).isEqualTo(
+                SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.triggerDistance).isWithin(DELTA).of(TRIGGER_DISTANCE);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlCase).isEqualTo(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud).isEqualTo(
+                TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud).isEqualTo(
+                TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.unableToConnectDescription).isEqualTo(
+                UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.unableToConnectTitle).isEqualTo(UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.updateCompanionAppDescription).isEqualTo(
+                UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription).isEqualTo(
+                WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path DeviceMetadata. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(FastPairDeviceMetadata metadata) {
+        assertThat(metadata.getBleTxPower()).isEqualTo(BLE_TX_POWER);
+        assertThat(metadata.getConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled())
+                .isEqualTo(CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED);
+        assertThat(metadata.getConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled())
+                .isEqualTo(CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED);
+        assertThat(metadata.getDeviceType()).isEqualTo(DEVICE_TYPE);
+        assertThat(metadata.getDownloadCompanionAppDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getFailConnectGoToSettingsDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getImage()).isEqualTo(IMAGE);
+        assertThat(metadata.getImageUrl()).isEqualTo(IMAGE_URL);
+        assertThat(metadata.getInitialNotificationDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount())
+                .isEqualTo(INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(metadata.getInitialPairingDescription()).isEqualTo(INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getIntentUri()).isEqualTo(INTENT_URI);
+        assertThat(metadata.getName()).isEqualTo(NAME);
+        assertThat(metadata.getOpenCompanionAppDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getRetroactivePairingDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getSubsequentPairingDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getTriggerDistance()).isWithin(DELTA).of(TRIGGER_DISTANCE);
+        assertThat(metadata.getTrueWirelessImageUrlCase()).isEqualTo(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE);
+        assertThat(metadata.getTrueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud())
+                .isEqualTo(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD);
+        assertThat(metadata.getTrueWirelessImageUrlRightBud())
+                .isEqualTo(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD);
+        assertThat(metadata.getUnableToConnectDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getUnableToConnectTitle()).isEqualTo(UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE);
+        assertThat(metadata.getUpdateCompanionAppDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadata.getWaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel itemParcel) {
+        assertThat(itemParcel.actionUrl).isEqualTo(ACTION_URL);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.actionUrlType).isEqualTo(ACTION_URL_TYPE);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.appName).isEqualTo(APP_NAME);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1)
+                .isEqualTo(AUTHENTICATION_PUBLIC_KEY_SEC_P256R1);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.description).isEqualTo(DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.deviceName).isEqualTo(DEVICE_NAME);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.displayUrl).isEqualTo(DISPLAY_URL);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.firstObservationTimestampMillis)
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.iconFifeUrl).isEqualTo(ICON_FIFE_URL);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.iconPng).isEqualTo(ICON_PNG);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.id).isEqualTo(ID);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.lastObservationTimestampMillis)
+                .isEqualTo(LAST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.macAddress).isEqualTo(MAC_ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.packageName).isEqualTo(PACKAGE_NAME);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis)
+                .isEqualTo(PENDING_APP_INSTALL_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.rssi).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.state).isEqualTo(STATE);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.title).isEqualTo(TITLE);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.triggerId).isEqualTo(TRIGGER_ID);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.txPower).isEqualTo(TX_POWER);
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path FastPairDiscoveryItem. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(FastPairDiscoveryItem item) {
+        assertThat(item.getActionUrl()).isEqualTo(ACTION_URL);
+        assertThat(item.getActionUrlType()).isEqualTo(ACTION_URL_TYPE);
+        assertThat(item.getAppName()).isEqualTo(APP_NAME);
+        assertThat(item.getAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256r1())
+                .isEqualTo(AUTHENTICATION_PUBLIC_KEY_SEC_P256R1);
+        assertThat(item.getDescription()).isEqualTo(DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(item.getDeviceName()).isEqualTo(DEVICE_NAME);
+        assertThat(item.getDisplayUrl()).isEqualTo(DISPLAY_URL);
+        assertThat(item.getFirstObservationTimestampMillis())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        assertThat(item.getIconFfeUrl()).isEqualTo(ICON_FIFE_URL);
+        assertThat(item.getIconPng()).isEqualTo(ICON_PNG);
+        assertThat(item.getId()).isEqualTo(ID);
+        assertThat(item.getLastObservationTimestampMillis())
+                .isEqualTo(LAST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        assertThat(item.getMacAddress()).isEqualTo(MAC_ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(item.getPackageName()).isEqualTo(PACKAGE_NAME);
+        assertThat(item.getPendingAppInstallTimestampMillis())
+                .isEqualTo(PENDING_APP_INSTALL_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        assertThat(item.getRssi()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(item.getState()).isEqualTo(STATE);
+        assertThat(item.getTitle()).isEqualTo(TITLE);
+        assertThat(item.getTriggerId()).isEqualTo(TRIGGER_ID);
+        assertThat(item.getTxPower()).isEqualTo(TX_POWER);
+    }
+
+    /* Verifies Happy Path EligibleAccountParcel[]. */
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] accountsParcel) {
+        assertThat(accountsParcel).hasLength(ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNTS_NUM);
+
+        assertThat(accountsParcel[0].account).isEqualTo(ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_1);
+        assertThat(accountsParcel[0].optIn).isEqualTo(ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_1_OPT_IN);
+
+        assertThat(accountsParcel[1].account).isEqualTo(ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_2);
+        assertThat(accountsParcel[1].optIn).isEqualTo(ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_2_OPT_IN);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairDeviceTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairDeviceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..edda3c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairDeviceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class FastPairDeviceTest {
+    private static final String NAME = "name";
+    private static final byte[] DATA = new byte[] {0x01, 0x02};
+    private static final String MODEL_ID = "112233";
+    private static final int RSSI = -80;
+    private static final int TX_POWER = -10;
+    private static final String MAC_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:44:55";
+    private static List<Integer> sMediums = new ArrayList<Integer>(List.of(1));
+    private static FastPairDevice sDevice;
+
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        sDevice = new FastPairDevice(NAME, sMediums, RSSI, TX_POWER, MODEL_ID, MAC_ADDRESS, DATA);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testParcelable() {
+        Parcel dest = Parcel.obtain();
+        sDevice.writeToParcel(dest, 0);
+        dest.setDataPosition(0);
+        FastPairDevice compareDevice = FastPairDevice.CREATOR.createFromParcel(dest);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getName()).isEqualTo(NAME);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getMediums()).isEqualTo(sMediums);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getRssi()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getTxPower()).isEqualTo(TX_POWER);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getModelId()).isEqualTo(MODEL_ID);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getBluetoothAddress()).isEqualTo(MAC_ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getData()).isEqualTo(DATA);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.equals(sDevice)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(compareDevice.hashCode()).isEqualTo(sDevice.hashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void describeContents() {
+        assertThat(sDevice.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testToString() {
+        assertThat(sDevice.toString()).isEqualTo(
+                "FastPairDevice [name=name, medium={BLE} "
+                        + "rssi=-80 txPower=-10 "
+                        + "modelId=112233 bluetoothAddress=00:11:22:33:44:55]");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        FastPairDevice[] fastPairDevices = FastPairDevice.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(fastPairDevices.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testBuilder() {
+        FastPairDevice.Builder builder = new FastPairDevice.Builder();
+        FastPairDevice compareDevice = builder.setName(NAME)
+                .addMedium(1)
+                .setBluetoothAddress(MAC_ADDRESS)
+                .setRssi(RSSI)
+                .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .setData(DATA)
+                .setModelId(MODEL_ID)
+                .build();
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getName()).isEqualTo(NAME);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getMediums()).isEqualTo(sMediums);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getRssi()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getTxPower()).isEqualTo(TX_POWER);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getModelId()).isEqualTo(MODEL_ID);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getBluetoothAddress()).isEqualTo(MAC_ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(compareDevice.getData()).isEqualTo(DATA);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairEligibleAccountTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairEligibleAccountTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da5a518
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/FastPairEligibleAccountTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class FastPairEligibleAccountTest {
+
+    private static final Account ACCOUNT = new Account("abc@google.com", "type1");
+    private static final Account ACCOUNT_NULL = null;
+
+    private static final boolean OPT_IN_TRUE = true;
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSetGetFastPairEligibleAccountNotNull() {
+        FastPairEligibleAccount eligibleAccount =
+                genFastPairEligibleAccount(ACCOUNT, OPT_IN_TRUE);
+
+        assertThat(eligibleAccount.getAccount()).isEqualTo(ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(eligibleAccount.isOptIn()).isEqualTo(OPT_IN_TRUE);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSetGetFastPairEligibleAccountNull() {
+        FastPairEligibleAccount eligibleAccount =
+                genFastPairEligibleAccount(ACCOUNT_NULL, OPT_IN_TRUE);
+
+        assertThat(eligibleAccount.getAccount()).isEqualTo(ACCOUNT_NULL);
+        assertThat(eligibleAccount.isOptIn()).isEqualTo(OPT_IN_TRUE);
+    }
+
+    /* Generates FastPairEligibleAccount. */
+    private static FastPairEligibleAccount genFastPairEligibleAccount(
+            Account account, boolean optIn) {
+        FastPairEligibleAccount.Builder builder = new FastPairEligibleAccount.Builder();
+        builder.setAccount(account);
+        builder.setOptIn(optIn);
+
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/PairStatusMetadataTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/PairStatusMetadataTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7bc6519
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/PairStatusMetadataTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class PairStatusMetadataTest {
+    private static final int UNKNOWN = 1000;
+    private static final int SUCCESS = 1001;
+    private static final int FAIL = 1002;
+    private static final int DISMISS = 1003;
+
+    @Test
+    public void statusToString() {
+        assertThat(PairStatusMetadata.statusToString(UNKNOWN)).isEqualTo("UNKNOWN");
+        assertThat(PairStatusMetadata.statusToString(SUCCESS)).isEqualTo("SUCCESS");
+        assertThat(PairStatusMetadata.statusToString(FAIL)).isEqualTo("FAIL");
+        assertThat(PairStatusMetadata.statusToString(DISMISS)).isEqualTo("DISMISS");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getStatus() {
+        PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(SUCCESS);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.getStatus()).isEqualTo(1001);
+        pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(FAIL);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.getStatus()).isEqualTo(1002);
+        pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(DISMISS);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.getStatus()).isEqualTo(1003);
+        pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(UNKNOWN);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.getStatus()).isEqualTo(1000);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testToString() {
+        PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(SUCCESS);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.toString())
+                .isEqualTo("PairStatusMetadata[ status=SUCCESS]");
+        pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(FAIL);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.toString())
+                .isEqualTo("PairStatusMetadata[ status=FAIL]");
+        pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(DISMISS);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.toString())
+                .isEqualTo("PairStatusMetadata[ status=DISMISS]");
+        pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(UNKNOWN);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.toString())
+                .isEqualTo("PairStatusMetadata[ status=UNKNOWN]");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testEquals() {
+        PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(SUCCESS);
+        PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata1 = new PairStatusMetadata(SUCCESS);
+        PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata2 = new PairStatusMetadata(UNKNOWN);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.equals(pairStatusMetadata1)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.equals(pairStatusMetadata2)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.hashCode()).isEqualTo(pairStatusMetadata1.hashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testParcelable() {
+        PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(SUCCESS);
+        Parcel dest = Parcel.obtain();
+        pairStatusMetadata.writeToParcel(dest, 0);
+        dest.setDataPosition(0);
+        PairStatusMetadata comparStatusMetadata =
+                PairStatusMetadata.CREATOR.createFromParcel(dest);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.equals(comparStatusMetadata)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        PairStatusMetadata[] pairStatusMetadatas = PairStatusMetadata.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadatas.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void describeContents() {
+        PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(SUCCESS);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void  getStability() {
+        PairStatusMetadata pairStatusMetadata = new PairStatusMetadata(SUCCESS);
+        assertThat(pairStatusMetadata.getStability()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/ScanRequestTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/ScanRequestTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12de30e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/android/nearby/ScanRequestTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.nearby;
+
+import static android.nearby.PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_BALANCED;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.WorkSource;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+/** Units tests for {@link ScanRequest}. */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class ScanRequestTest {
+
+    private static final int RSSI = -40;
+
+    private static WorkSource getWorkSource() {
+        final int uid = 1001;
+        final String appName = "android.nearby.tests";
+        return new WorkSource(uid, appName);
+    }
+
+    /** Test creating a scan request. */
+    @Test
+    public void testScanRequestBuilder() {
+        final int scanType = SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR;
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder().setScanType(scanType).build();
+
+        assertThat(request.getScanType()).isEqualTo(scanType);
+        assertThat(request.getScanMode()).isEqualTo(SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER);
+        // Work source is null if not set.
+        assertThat(request.getWorkSource().isEmpty()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    /** Verify RuntimeException is thrown when creating scan request with invalid scan type. */
+    @Test(expected = RuntimeException.class)
+    public void testScanRequestBuilder_invalidScanType() {
+        final int invalidScanType = -1;
+        ScanRequest.Builder builder = new ScanRequest.Builder().setScanType(invalidScanType);
+
+        builder.build();
+    }
+
+    /** Verify RuntimeException is thrown when creating scan mode with invalid scan mode. */
+    @Test(expected = RuntimeException.class)
+    public void testScanModeBuilder_invalidScanType() {
+        final int invalidScanMode = -5;
+        ScanRequest.Builder builder = new ScanRequest.Builder().setScanType(
+                SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR).setScanMode(invalidScanMode);
+        builder.build();
+    }
+
+    /** Verify setting work source in the scan request. */
+    @Test
+    public void testSetWorkSource() {
+        WorkSource workSource = getWorkSource();
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+                .setWorkSource(workSource)
+                .build();
+
+        assertThat(request.getWorkSource()).isEqualTo(workSource);
+    }
+
+    /** Verify setting work source with null value in the scan request. */
+    @Test
+    public void testSetWorkSource_nullValue() {
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+                .setWorkSource(null)
+                .build();
+
+        // Null work source is allowed.
+        assertThat(request.getWorkSource().isEmpty()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    /** Verify toString returns expected string. */
+    @Test
+    public void testToString() {
+        WorkSource workSource = getWorkSource();
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+                .setScanMode(SCAN_MODE_BALANCED)
+                .setBleEnabled(true)
+                .setWorkSource(workSource)
+                .build();
+
+        assertThat(request.toString()).isEqualTo(
+                "Request[scanType=1, scanMode=SCAN_MODE_BALANCED, "
+                        + "enableBle=true, workSource=WorkSource{1001 android.nearby.tests}, "
+                        + "scanFilters=[]]");
+    }
+
+    /** Verify toString works correctly with null WorkSource. */
+    @Test
+    public void testToString_nullWorkSource() {
+        ScanRequest request = new ScanRequest.Builder().setScanType(
+                SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR).setWorkSource(null).build();
+
+        assertThat(request.toString()).isEqualTo("Request[scanType=1, "
+                + "scanMode=SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER, enableBle=true, workSource=WorkSource{}, "
+                + "scanFilters=[]]");
+    }
+
+    /** Verify writing and reading from parcel for scan request. */
+    @Test
+    public void testParceling() {
+        final int scanType = SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE;
+        WorkSource workSource = getWorkSource();
+        ScanRequest originalRequest = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(scanType)
+                .setScanMode(SCAN_MODE_BALANCED)
+                .setBleEnabled(true)
+                .setWorkSource(workSource)
+                .addScanFilter(getPresenceScanFilter())
+                .build();
+
+        // Write the scan request to parcel, then read from it.
+        ScanRequest request = writeReadFromParcel(originalRequest);
+
+        // Verify the request read from parcel equals to the original request.
+        assertThat(request).isEqualTo(originalRequest);
+    }
+
+    /** Verify parceling with null WorkSource. */
+    @Test
+    public void testParceling_nullWorkSource() {
+        final int scanType = SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE;
+        ScanRequest originalRequest = new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(scanType).build();
+
+        ScanRequest request = writeReadFromParcel(originalRequest);
+
+        assertThat(request).isEqualTo(originalRequest);
+    }
+
+    private ScanRequest writeReadFromParcel(ScanRequest originalRequest) {
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        originalRequest.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        return ScanRequest.CREATOR.createFromParcel(parcel);
+    }
+
+    private static PresenceScanFilter getPresenceScanFilter() {
+        final byte[] secretId = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+        final byte[] authenticityKey = new byte[]{0, 1, 1, 1};
+        final byte[] publicKey = new byte[]{1, 1, 2, 2};
+        final byte[] encryptedMetadata = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        final byte[] metadataEncryptionKeyTag = new byte[]{1, 1, 3, 4, 5};
+
+        PublicCredential credential = new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                secretId, authenticityKey, publicKey, encryptedMetadata, metadataEncryptionKeyTag)
+                .setIdentityType(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                .build();
+
+        final int action = 123;
+        return new PresenceScanFilter.Builder()
+                .addCredential(credential)
+                .setMaxPathLoss(RSSI)
+                .addPresenceAction(action)
+                .build();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyServiceTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyServiceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a18cca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/NearbyServiceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby;
+
+import static android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.READ_DEVICE_CONFIG;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.nullable;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;
+
+import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.app.UiAutomation;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.IScanListener;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.injector.Injector;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions.DiscoveryPermissions;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+public final class NearbyServiceTest {
+
+    private static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "android.nearby.test";
+    private Context mContext;
+    private NearbyService mService;
+    private ScanRequest mScanRequest;
+    private UiAutomation mUiAutomation =
+            InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation();
+
+    @Mock
+    private IScanListener mScanListener;
+    @Mock
+    private AppOpsManager mMockAppOpsManager;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp()  {
+        initMocks(this);
+        mUiAutomation.adoptShellPermissionIdentity(READ_DEVICE_CONFIG, BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED);
+        mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext();
+        mService = new NearbyService(mContext);
+        mScanRequest = createScanRequest();
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() {
+        mUiAutomation.dropShellPermissionIdentity();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_register() {
+        setMockInjector(/* isMockOpsAllowed= */ true);
+        mService.registerScanListener(mScanRequest, mScanListener, PACKAGE_NAME,
+                /* attributionTag= */ null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_register_noPrivilegedPermission_throwsException() {
+        mUiAutomation.dropShellPermissionIdentity();
+        assertThrows(java.lang.SecurityException.class,
+                () -> mService.registerScanListener(mScanRequest, mScanListener, PACKAGE_NAME,
+                        /* attributionTag= */ null));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_unregister_noPrivilegedPermission_throwsException() {
+        mUiAutomation.dropShellPermissionIdentity();
+        assertThrows(java.lang.SecurityException.class,
+                () -> mService.unregisterScanListener(mScanListener, PACKAGE_NAME,
+                        /* attributionTag= */ null));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_unregister() {
+        setMockInjector(/* isMockOpsAllowed= */ true);
+        mService.registerScanListener(mScanRequest, mScanListener, PACKAGE_NAME,
+                /* attributionTag= */ null);
+        mService.unregisterScanListener(mScanListener,  PACKAGE_NAME, /* attributionTag= */ null);
+    }
+
+    private ScanRequest createScanRequest() {
+        return new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                .setScanType(ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR)
+                .setBleEnabled(true)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    private void setMockInjector(boolean isMockOpsAllowed) {
+        Injector injector = mock(Injector.class);
+        when(injector.getAppOpsManager()).thenReturn(mMockAppOpsManager);
+        when(mMockAppOpsManager.noteOp(eq(DiscoveryPermissions.OPSTR_BLUETOOTH_SCAN),
+                anyInt(), eq(PACKAGE_NAME), nullable(String.class), nullable(String.class)))
+                .thenReturn(isMockOpsAllowed
+                        ? AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED : AppOpsManager.MODE_ERRORED);
+        mService.setInjector(injector);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleFilterTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleFilterTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c4a9729
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleFilterTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,891 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAssignedNumbers;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.testing.FastPairTestData;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BleFilterTest {
+
+
+    public static final ParcelUuid EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_DATA_PARCELUUID =
+            ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FEAA-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
+
+    private final BleFilter mEddystoneFilter = createEddystoneFilter();
+    private final BleFilter mEddystoneUidFilter = createEddystoneUidFilter();
+    private final BleFilter mEddystoneUrlFilter = createEddystoneUrlFilter();
+    private final BleFilter mEddystoneEidFilter = createEddystoneEidFilter();
+    private final BleFilter mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter = createIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter();
+    private final BleFilter mIBeaconWithUuidFilter = createIBeaconWithUuidFilter();
+    private final BleFilter mChromecastFilter =
+            new BleFilter.Builder().setServiceUuid(
+                    new ParcelUuid(UUID.fromString("0000FEA0-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB")))
+                    .build();
+    private final BleFilter mEddystoneWithDeviceNameFilter =
+            new BleFilter.Builder()
+                    .setServiceUuid(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_DATA_PARCELUUID)
+                    .setDeviceName("BERT")
+                    .build();
+    private final BleFilter mEddystoneWithDeviceAddressFilter =
+            new BleFilter.Builder()
+                    .setServiceUuid(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_DATA_PARCELUUID)
+                    .setDeviceAddress("00:11:22:33:AA:BB")
+                    .build();
+    private final BleFilter mServiceUuidWithMaskFilter1 =
+            new BleFilter.Builder()
+                    .setServiceUuid(
+                            new ParcelUuid(UUID.fromString("0000FEA0-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB")),
+                            new ParcelUuid(UUID.fromString("0000000-0000-000-FFFF-FFFFFFFFFFFF")))
+                    .build();
+    private final BleFilter mServiceUuidWithMaskFilter2 =
+            new BleFilter.Builder()
+                    .setServiceUuid(
+                            new ParcelUuid(UUID.fromString("0000FEA0-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB")),
+                            new ParcelUuid(UUID.fromString("FFFFFFF-FFFF-FFF-FFFF-FFFFFFFFFFFF")))
+                    .build();
+
+    private final BleFilter mSmartSetupFilter =
+            new BleFilter.Builder()
+                    .setManufacturerData(
+                            BluetoothAssignedNumbers.GOOGLE,
+                            new byte[] {0x00, 0x10},
+                            new byte[] {0x00, (byte) 0xFF})
+                    .build();
+    private final BleFilter mWearFilter =
+            new BleFilter.Builder()
+                    .setManufacturerData(
+                            BluetoothAssignedNumbers.GOOGLE,
+                            new byte[] {0x00, 0x00, 0x00},
+                            new byte[] {0x00, 0x00, (byte) 0xFF})
+                    .build();
+    private final BleFilter mFakeSmartSetupSubsetFilter =
+            new BleFilter.Builder()
+                    .setManufacturerData(
+                            BluetoothAssignedNumbers.GOOGLE,
+                            new byte[] {0x00, 0x10, 0x50},
+                            new byte[] {0x00, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF})
+                    .build();
+    private final BleFilter mFakeSmartSetupNotSubsetFilter =
+            new BleFilter.Builder()
+                    .setManufacturerData(
+                            BluetoothAssignedNumbers.GOOGLE,
+                            new byte[] {0x00, 0x10, 0x50},
+                            new byte[] {0x00, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0xFF})
+                    .build();
+
+    private final BleFilter mFakeFilter1 =
+            new BleFilter.Builder()
+                    .setServiceData(
+                            ParcelUuid.fromString("0000110B-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"),
+                            new byte[] {0x51, 0x64},
+                            new byte[] {0x00, (byte) 0xFF})
+                    .build();
+    private final BleFilter mFakeFilter2 =
+            new BleFilter.Builder()
+                    .setServiceData(
+                            ParcelUuid.fromString("0000110B-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"),
+                            new byte[] {0x51, 0x64, 0x34},
+                            new byte[] {0x00, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0xFF})
+                    .build();
+
+    private ParcelUuid mServiceDataUuid;
+    private BleSighting mBleSighting;
+    private BleFilter.Builder mFilterBuilder;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        // This is the service data UUID in TestData.sd1.
+        // Can't be static because of Robolectric.
+        mServiceDataUuid = ParcelUuid.fromString("000000E0-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
+
+        byte[] bleRecordBytes =
+                new byte[]{
+                        0x02,
+                        0x01,
+                        0x1a, // advertising flags
+                        0x05,
+                        0x02,
+                        0x0b,
+                        0x11,
+                        0x0a,
+                        0x11, // 16 bit service uuids
+                        0x04,
+                        0x09,
+                        0x50,
+                        0x65,
+                        0x64, // setName
+                        0x02,
+                        0x0A,
+                        (byte) 0xec, // tx power level
+                        0x05,
+                        0x16,
+                        0x0b,
+                        0x11,
+                        0x50,
+                        0x64, // service data
+                        0x05,
+                        (byte) 0xff,
+                        (byte) 0xe0,
+                        0x00,
+                        0x02,
+                        0x15, // manufacturer specific data
+                        0x03,
+                        0x50,
+                        0x01,
+                        0x02, // an unknown data type won't cause trouble
+                };
+
+        mBleSighting = new BleSighting(null /* device */, bleRecordBytes,
+                -10, 1397545200000000L);
+        mFilterBuilder = new BleFilter.Builder();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void setNameFilter() {
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setDeviceName("Ped").build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setDeviceName("Pem").build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void setServiceUuidFilter() {
+        BleFilter filter =
+                mFilterBuilder.setServiceUuid(
+                        ParcelUuid.fromString("0000110A-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"))
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+
+        filter =
+                mFilterBuilder.setServiceUuid(
+                        ParcelUuid.fromString("0000110C-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"))
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isFalse();
+
+        filter =
+                mFilterBuilder
+                        .setServiceUuid(
+                                ParcelUuid.fromString("0000110C-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"),
+                                ParcelUuid.fromString("FFFFFFF0-FFFF-FFFF-FFFF-FFFFFFFFFFFF"))
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void setServiceDataFilter() {
+        byte[] setServiceData = new byte[]{0x50, 0x64};
+        ParcelUuid serviceDataUuid = ParcelUuid.fromString("0000110B-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(serviceDataUuid, setServiceData).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+
+        byte[] emptyData = new byte[0];
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(serviceDataUuid, emptyData).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+
+        byte[] prefixData = new byte[]{0x50};
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(serviceDataUuid, prefixData).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+
+        byte[] nonMatchData = new byte[]{0x51, 0x64};
+        byte[] mask = new byte[]{(byte) 0x00, (byte) 0xFF};
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(serviceDataUuid, nonMatchData, mask).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(serviceDataUuid, nonMatchData).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void manufacturerSpecificData() {
+        byte[] setManufacturerData = new byte[]{0x02, 0x15};
+        int manufacturerId = 0xE0;
+        BleFilter filter =
+                mFilterBuilder.setManufacturerData(manufacturerId, setManufacturerData).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+
+        byte[] emptyData = new byte[0];
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setManufacturerData(manufacturerId, emptyData).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+
+        byte[] prefixData = new byte[]{0x02};
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setManufacturerData(manufacturerId, prefixData).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+
+        // Data and mask are nullable. Check that we still match when they're null.
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setManufacturerData(manufacturerId,
+                null /* data */).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setManufacturerData(manufacturerId,
+                null /* data */, null /* mask */).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+
+        // Test data mask
+        byte[] nonMatchData = new byte[]{0x02, 0x14};
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setManufacturerData(manufacturerId, nonMatchData).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isFalse();
+        byte[] mask = new byte[]{(byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0x00};
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setManufacturerData(manufacturerId, nonMatchData, mask).build();
+        assertThat(filter.matches(mBleSighting)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void manufacturerDataNotInBleRecord() {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.adv_2;
+        // Verify manufacturer with no data
+        byte[] data = {(byte) 0xe0, (byte) 0x00};
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setManufacturerData(0x00e0, data).build();
+        assertThat(matches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void manufacturerDataMaskNotInBleRecord() {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.adv_2;
+
+        // Verify matching partial manufacturer with data and mask
+        byte[] data = {(byte) 0x15};
+        byte[] mask = {(byte) 0xff};
+
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder
+                .setManufacturerData(0x00e0, data, mask).build();
+        assertThat(matches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void serviceData() throws Exception {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.sd1;
+        byte[] serviceData = {(byte) 0x15};
+
+        // Verify manufacturer 2-byte UUID with no data
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(mServiceDataUuid, serviceData).build();
+        assertMatches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void serviceDataNoMatch() {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.sd1;
+        byte[] serviceData = {(byte) 0xe1, (byte) 0x00};
+
+        // Verify manufacturer 2-byte UUID with no data
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(mServiceDataUuid, serviceData).build();
+        assertThat(matches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void serviceDataUuidNotInBleRecord() {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.eir_1;
+        byte[] serviceData = {(byte) 0xe0, (byte) 0x00};
+
+        // Verify Service Data with 2-byte UUID, no data, and NOT in scan record
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(mServiceDataUuid, serviceData).build();
+        assertThat(matches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void serviceDataMask() {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.sd1;
+        BleFilter filter;
+
+        // Verify matching partial manufacturer with data and mask
+        byte[] serviceData1 = {(byte) 0x15};
+        byte[] mask1 = {(byte) 0xff};
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(mServiceDataUuid, serviceData1, mask1).build();
+        assertMatches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void serviceDataMaskNoMatch() {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.sd1;
+        BleFilter filter;
+
+        // Verify non-matching partial manufacturer with data and mask
+        byte[] serviceData2 = {(byte) 0xe0, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x10};
+        byte[] mask2 = {(byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xff};
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(mServiceDataUuid, serviceData2, mask2).build();
+        assertThat(matches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void serviceDataMaskWithDifferentLength() {
+        // Different lengths for data and mask.
+        byte[] serviceData = {(byte) 0xe0, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x10};
+        byte[] mask = {(byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xff};
+
+        //expected.expect(IllegalArgumentException.class);
+
+        mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(mServiceDataUuid, serviceData, mask).build();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void serviceDataMaskNotInBleRecord() {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.eir_1;
+        BleFilter filter;
+
+        // Verify matching partial manufacturer with data and mask
+        byte[] serviceData1 = {(byte) 0xe0, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x15};
+        byte[] mask1 = {(byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xff};
+        filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceData(mServiceDataUuid, serviceData1, mask1).build();
+        assertThat(matches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void deviceNameTest() {
+        // Verify the name filter matches
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.adv_1;
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setDeviceName("Pedometer").build();
+        assertMatches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void deviceNameNoMatch() {
+        // Verify the name filter does not match
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.adv_1;
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setDeviceName("Foo").build();
+        assertThat(matches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void deviceNameNotInBleRecord() {
+        // Verify the name filter does not match
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.eir_1;
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setDeviceName("Pedometer").build();
+        assertThat(matches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void serviceUuid() {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.eddystone_header_and_uuid;
+        ParcelUuid uuid = ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FEAA-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
+
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceUuid(uuid).build();
+        assertMatches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void serviceUuidNoMatch() {
+        // Verify the name filter does not match
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.eddystone_header_and_uuid;
+        ParcelUuid uuid = ParcelUuid.fromString("00001804-0000-1000-8000-000000000000");
+
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceUuid(uuid).build();
+        assertThat(matches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void serviceUuidNotInBleRecord() {
+        // Verify the name filter does not match
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.eir_1;
+        ParcelUuid uuid = ParcelUuid.fromString("00001804-0000-1000-8000-000000000000");
+
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceUuid(uuid).build();
+        assertThat(matches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void serviceUuidMask() {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.eddystone_header_and_uuid;
+        ParcelUuid uuid = ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FEAA-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
+        ParcelUuid mask = ParcelUuid.fromString("00000000-0000-0000-0000-FFFFFFFFFFFF");
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setServiceUuid(uuid, mask).build();
+        assertMatches(filter, null, 0, bleRecord);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void macAddress() {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.eddystone_header_and_uuid;
+        String macAddress = "00:11:22:33:AA:BB";
+        BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
+
+        BluetoothDevice device = adapter.getRemoteDevice(macAddress);
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setDeviceAddress(macAddress).build();
+        assertMatches(filter, device, 0, bleRecord);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void macAddressNoMatch() {
+        byte[] bleRecord = FastPairTestData.eddystone_header_and_uuid;
+        String macAddress = "00:11:22:33:AA:00";
+        BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
+
+        BluetoothDevice device = adapter.getRemoteDevice("00:11:22:33:AA:BB");
+        BleFilter filter = mFilterBuilder.setDeviceAddress(macAddress).build();
+        assertThat(matches(filter, device, 0, bleRecord)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void eddystoneIsSuperset() {
+        // Verify eddystone subtypes pass.
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneFilter)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneUidFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneUidFilter)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneUidFilter)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneEidFilter)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneUrlFilter)).isTrue();
+
+        // Non-eddystone beacon filters should never be supersets.
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mWearFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mSmartSetupFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mChromecastFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mFakeFilter1)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mFakeFilter2)).isFalse();
+
+        assertThat(mEddystoneUidFilter.isSuperset(mWearFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneUidFilter.isSuperset(mSmartSetupFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneUidFilter.isSuperset(mChromecastFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneUidFilter.isSuperset(mFakeFilter1)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneUidFilter.isSuperset(mFakeFilter2)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void iBeaconIsSuperset() {
+        // Verify that an iBeacon filter is a superset of itself and any filters that specify UUIDs.
+        assertThat(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter.isSuperset(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter.isSuperset(mIBeaconWithUuidFilter)).isTrue();
+
+        // Non-iBeacon filters should never be supersets.
+        assertThat(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneEidFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneUrlFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneUidFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter.isSuperset(mWearFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter.isSuperset(mSmartSetupFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter.isSuperset(mChromecastFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter.isSuperset(mFakeFilter1)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter.isSuperset(mFakeFilter2)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void mixedFilterIsSuperset() {
+        // Compare service data vs manufacturer data filters to verify we detect supersets
+        // correctly in filters that aren't for iBeacon and Eddystone.
+        assertThat(mWearFilter.isSuperset(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mSmartSetupFilter.isSuperset(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mChromecastFilter.isSuperset(mIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter)).isFalse();
+
+        assertThat(mWearFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mSmartSetupFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mChromecastFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneFilter)).isFalse();
+
+        assertThat(mWearFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneUidFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mSmartSetupFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneUidFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mChromecastFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneUidFilter)).isFalse();
+
+        assertThat(mWearFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneEidFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mSmartSetupFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneEidFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mChromecastFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneEidFilter)).isFalse();
+
+        assertThat(mWearFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneUrlFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mSmartSetupFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneUrlFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mChromecastFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneUrlFilter)).isFalse();
+
+        assertThat(mWearFilter.isSuperset(mIBeaconWithUuidFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mSmartSetupFilter.isSuperset(mIBeaconWithUuidFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mChromecastFilter.isSuperset(mIBeaconWithUuidFilter)).isFalse();
+
+        assertThat(mWearFilter.isSuperset(mChromecastFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mSmartSetupFilter.isSuperset(mChromecastFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mSmartSetupFilter.isSuperset(mWearFilter)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mChromecastFilter.isSuperset(mWearFilter)).isFalse();
+
+        assertThat(mFakeFilter1.isSuperset(mFakeFilter2)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mFakeFilter2.isSuperset(mFakeFilter1)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mSmartSetupFilter.isSuperset(mFakeSmartSetupSubsetFilter)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mSmartSetupFilter.isSuperset(mFakeSmartSetupNotSubsetFilter)).isFalse();
+
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneWithDeviceNameFilter)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneWithDeviceAddressFilter)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneWithDeviceAddressFilter.isSuperset(mEddystoneFilter)).isFalse();
+
+        assertThat(mChromecastFilter.isSuperset(mServiceUuidWithMaskFilter1)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mServiceUuidWithMaskFilter2.isSuperset(mServiceUuidWithMaskFilter1)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mServiceUuidWithMaskFilter1.isSuperset(mServiceUuidWithMaskFilter2)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mEddystoneFilter.isSuperset(mServiceUuidWithMaskFilter1)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void toOsFilter_getTheSameFilterParameter() {
+        BleFilter nearbyFilter = createTestFilter();
+        ScanFilter osFilter = nearbyFilter.toOsFilter();
+        assertFilterValuesEqual(nearbyFilter, osFilter);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void describeContents() {
+        BleFilter nearbyFilter = createTestFilter();
+        assertThat(nearbyFilter.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testHashCode() {
+        BleFilter nearbyFilter = createTestFilter();
+        BleFilter compareFilter = new BleFilter("BERT", "00:11:22:33:AA:BB",
+                new ParcelUuid(UUID.fromString("0000FEA0-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB")),
+                new ParcelUuid(UUID.fromString("FFFFFFF-FFFF-FFF-FFFF-FFFFFFFFFFFF")),
+                ParcelUuid.fromString("0000110B-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"),
+                new byte[] {0x51, 0x64}, new byte[] {0x00, (byte) 0xFF},
+                BluetoothAssignedNumbers.GOOGLE, new byte[] {0x00, 0x10},
+                new byte[] {0x00, (byte) 0xFF});
+        assertThat(nearbyFilter.hashCode()).isEqualTo(compareFilter.hashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testToString() {
+        BleFilter nearbyFilter = createTestFilter();
+        assertThat(nearbyFilter.toString()).isEqualTo("BleFilter [deviceName=BERT,"
+                + " deviceAddress=00:11:22:33:AA:BB, uuid=0000fea0-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb,"
+                + " uuidMask=0fffffff-ffff-0fff-ffff-ffffffffffff,"
+                + " serviceDataUuid=0000110b-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb,"
+                + " serviceData=[81, 100], serviceDataMask=[0, -1],"
+                + " manufacturerId=224, manufacturerData=[0, 16], manufacturerDataMask=[0, -1]]");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testParcel() {
+        BleFilter nearbyFilter = createTestFilter();
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        nearbyFilter.writeToParcel(parcel, 0);
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        BleFilter compareFilter = BleFilter.CREATOR.createFromParcel(
+                parcel);
+        parcel.recycle();
+        assertThat(compareFilter.getDeviceName()).isEqualTo("BERT");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        BleFilter[] nearbyFilters  = BleFilter.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(nearbyFilters.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean matches(
+            BleFilter filter, BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] bleRecord) {
+        return filter.matches(new BleSighting(device,
+                bleRecord, rssi, 0 /* timestampNanos */));
+    }
+
+    private static void assertFilterValuesEqual(BleFilter nearbyFilter, ScanFilter osFilter) {
+        assertThat(osFilter.getDeviceAddress()).isEqualTo(nearbyFilter.getDeviceAddress());
+        assertThat(osFilter.getDeviceName()).isEqualTo(nearbyFilter.getDeviceName());
+
+        assertThat(osFilter.getManufacturerData()).isEqualTo(nearbyFilter.getManufacturerData());
+        assertThat(osFilter.getManufacturerDataMask())
+                .isEqualTo(nearbyFilter.getManufacturerDataMask());
+        assertThat(osFilter.getManufacturerId()).isEqualTo(nearbyFilter.getManufacturerId());
+
+        assertThat(osFilter.getServiceData()).isEqualTo(nearbyFilter.getServiceData());
+        assertThat(osFilter.getServiceDataMask()).isEqualTo(nearbyFilter.getServiceDataMask());
+        assertThat(osFilter.getServiceDataUuid()).isEqualTo(nearbyFilter.getServiceDataUuid());
+
+        assertThat(osFilter.getServiceUuid()).isEqualTo(nearbyFilter.getServiceUuid());
+        assertThat(osFilter.getServiceUuidMask()).isEqualTo(nearbyFilter.getServiceUuidMask());
+    }
+
+    private static void assertMatches(
+            BleFilter filter, BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] bleRecordBytes) {
+
+        // Device match.
+        if (filter.getDeviceAddress() != null
+                && (device == null || !filter.getDeviceAddress().equals(device.getAddress()))) {
+            fail("Filter specified a device address ("
+                    + filter.getDeviceAddress()
+                    + ") which doesn't match the actual value: ["
+                    + (device == null ? "null device" : device.getAddress())
+                    + "]");
+        }
+
+        // BLE record is null but there exist filters on it.
+        BleRecord bleRecord = BleRecord.parseFromBytes(bleRecordBytes);
+        if (bleRecord == null
+                && (filter.getDeviceName() != null
+                || filter.getServiceUuid() != null
+                || filter.getManufacturerData() != null
+                || filter.getServiceData() != null)) {
+            fail(
+                    "The bleRecordBytes given parsed to a null bleRecord, but the filter"
+                            + "has a non-null field which depends on the scan record");
+        }
+
+        // Local name match.
+        if (filter.getDeviceName() != null
+                && !filter.getDeviceName().equals(bleRecord.getDeviceName())) {
+            fail(
+                    "The filter's device name ("
+                            + filter.getDeviceName()
+                            + ") doesn't match the scan record device name ("
+                            + bleRecord.getDeviceName()
+                            + ")");
+        }
+
+        // UUID match.
+        if (filter.getServiceUuid() != null
+                && !matchesServiceUuids(filter.getServiceUuid(),
+                filter.getServiceUuidMask(), bleRecord.getServiceUuids())) {
+            fail("The filter specifies a service UUID "
+                    + "but it doesn't match what's in the scan record");
+        }
+
+        // Service data match
+        if (filter.getServiceDataUuid() != null
+                && !BleFilter.matchesPartialData(
+                filter.getServiceData(),
+                filter.getServiceDataMask(),
+                bleRecord.getServiceData(filter.getServiceDataUuid()))) {
+            fail(
+                    "The filter's service data doesn't match what's in the scan record.\n"
+                            + "Service data: "
+                            + byteString(filter.getServiceData())
+                            + "\n"
+                            + "Service data UUID: "
+                            + filter.getServiceDataUuid().toString()
+                            + "\n"
+                            + "Service data mask: "
+                            + byteString(filter.getServiceDataMask())
+                            + "\n"
+                            + "Scan record service data: "
+                            + byteString(bleRecord.getServiceData(filter.getServiceDataUuid()))
+                            + "\n"
+                            + "Scan record data map:\n"
+                            + byteString(bleRecord.getServiceData()));
+        }
+
+        // Manufacturer data match.
+        if (filter.getManufacturerId() >= 0
+                && !BleFilter.matchesPartialData(
+                filter.getManufacturerData(),
+                filter.getManufacturerDataMask(),
+                bleRecord.getManufacturerSpecificData(filter.getManufacturerId()))) {
+            fail(
+                    "The filter's manufacturer data doesn't match what's in the scan record.\n"
+                            + "Manufacturer ID: "
+                            + filter.getManufacturerId()
+                            + "\n"
+                            + "Manufacturer data: "
+                            + byteString(filter.getManufacturerData())
+                            + "\n"
+                            + "Manufacturer data mask: "
+                            + byteString(filter.getManufacturerDataMask())
+                            + "\n"
+                            + "Scan record manufacturer-specific data: "
+                            + byteString(bleRecord.getManufacturerSpecificData(
+                            filter.getManufacturerId()))
+                            + "\n"
+                            + "Manufacturer data array:\n"
+                            + byteString(bleRecord.getManufacturerSpecificData()));
+        }
+
+        // All filters match.
+        assertThat(
+                matches(filter, device, rssi, bleRecordBytes)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+
+    private static String byteString(byte[] bytes) {
+        if (bytes == null) {
+            return "[null]";
+        } else {
+            final char[] hexArray = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();
+            char[] hexChars = new char[bytes.length * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+                int v = bytes[i] & 0xFF;
+                hexChars[i * 2] = hexArray[v >>> 4];
+                hexChars[i * 2 + 1] = hexArray[v & 0x0F];
+            }
+            return new String(hexChars);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static String byteString(Map<ParcelUuid, byte[]> bytesMap) {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+        for (Map.Entry<ParcelUuid, byte[]> entry : bytesMap.entrySet()) {
+            builder.append(builder.toString().isEmpty() ? "  " : "\n  ");
+            builder.append(entry.getKey().toString());
+            builder.append(" --> ");
+            builder.append(byteString(entry.getValue()));
+        }
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
+
+    private static String byteString(SparseArray<byte[]> bytesArray) {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+        for (int i = 0; i < bytesArray.size(); i++) {
+            builder.append(builder.toString().isEmpty() ? "  " : "\n  ");
+            builder.append(byteString(bytesArray.valueAt(i)));
+        }
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
+
+    private static BleFilter createTestFilter() {
+        BleFilter.Builder builder = new BleFilter.Builder();
+        builder
+                .setServiceUuid(
+                        new ParcelUuid(UUID.fromString("0000FEA0-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB")),
+                        new ParcelUuid(UUID.fromString("FFFFFFF-FFFF-FFF-FFFF-FFFFFFFFFFFF")))
+                .setDeviceAddress("00:11:22:33:AA:BB")
+                .setDeviceName("BERT")
+                .setManufacturerData(
+                        BluetoothAssignedNumbers.GOOGLE,
+                        new byte[] {0x00, 0x10},
+                        new byte[] {0x00, (byte) 0xFF})
+                .setServiceData(
+                        ParcelUuid.fromString("0000110B-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"),
+                        new byte[] {0x51, 0x64},
+                        new byte[] {0x00, (byte) 0xFF});
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    // ref to beacon.decode.BeaconFilterBuilder.eddystoneFilter()
+    private static BleFilter createEddystoneFilter() {
+        return new BleFilter.Builder().setServiceUuid(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_DATA_PARCELUUID).build();
+    }
+    // ref to beacon.decode.BeaconFilterBuilder.eddystoneUidFilter()
+    private static BleFilter createEddystoneUidFilter() {
+        return new BleFilter.Builder()
+                .setServiceUuid(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_DATA_PARCELUUID)
+                .setServiceData(
+                        EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_DATA_PARCELUUID, new byte[] {(short) 0x00},
+                        new byte[] {(byte) 0xf0})
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    // ref to beacon.decode.BeaconFilterBuilder.eddystoneUrlFilter()
+    private static BleFilter createEddystoneUrlFilter() {
+        return new BleFilter.Builder()
+                .setServiceUuid(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_DATA_PARCELUUID)
+                .setServiceData(
+                        EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_DATA_PARCELUUID,
+                        new byte[] {(short) 0x10}, new byte[] {(byte) 0xf0})
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    // ref to beacon.decode.BeaconFilterBuilder.eddystoneEidFilter()
+    private static BleFilter createEddystoneEidFilter() {
+        return new BleFilter.Builder()
+                .setServiceUuid(EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_DATA_PARCELUUID)
+                .setServiceData(
+                        EDDYSTONE_SERVICE_DATA_PARCELUUID,
+                        new byte[] {(short) 0x30}, new byte[] {(byte) 0xf0})
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    // ref to beacon.decode.BeaconFilterBuilder.iBeaconWithoutUuidFilter()
+    private static BleFilter createIBeaconWithoutUuidFilter() {
+        byte[] data = {(byte) 0x02, (byte) 0x15};
+        byte[] mask = {(byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xff};
+
+        return new BleFilter.Builder().setManufacturerData((short) 0x004C, data, mask).build();
+    }
+
+    // ref to beacon.decode.BeaconFilterBuilder.iBeaconWithUuidFilter()
+    private static BleFilter createIBeaconWithUuidFilter() {
+        byte[] data = getFilterData(ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FEAA-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));
+        byte[] mask = getFilterMask(ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FEAA-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));
+
+        return new BleFilter.Builder().setManufacturerData((short) 0x004C, data, mask).build();
+    }
+
+    // Ref to beacon.decode.AppleBeaconDecoder.getFilterData
+    private static byte[] getFilterData(ParcelUuid uuid) {
+        byte[] data = new byte[18];
+        data[0] = (byte) 0x02;
+        data[1] = (byte) 0x15;
+        // Check if UUID is needed in data
+        if (uuid != null) {
+            // Convert UUID to array in big endian order
+            byte[] uuidBytes = uuidToByteArray(uuid);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+                // Adding uuid bytes in big-endian order to match iBeacon format
+                data[i + 2] = uuidBytes[i];
+            }
+        }
+        return data;
+    }
+
+    // Ref to beacon.decode.AppleBeaconDecoder.getFilterMask
+    private static byte[] getFilterMask(ParcelUuid uuid) {
+        byte[] mask = new byte[18];
+        mask[0] = (byte) 0xff;
+        mask[1] = (byte) 0xff;
+        // Check if UUID is needed in data
+        if (uuid != null) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+                mask[i + 2] = (byte) 0xff;
+            }
+        }
+        return mask;
+    }
+
+    // Ref to beacon.decode.AppleBeaconDecoder.uuidToByteArray
+    private static byte[] uuidToByteArray(ParcelUuid uuid) {
+        ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[16]);
+        bb.putLong(uuid.getUuid().getMostSignificantBits());
+        bb.putLong(uuid.getUuid().getLeastSignificantBits());
+        return bb.array();
+    }
+
+    private static boolean matchesServiceUuids(
+            ParcelUuid uuid, ParcelUuid parcelUuidMask, List<ParcelUuid> uuids) {
+        if (uuid == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        for (ParcelUuid parcelUuid : uuids) {
+            UUID uuidMask = parcelUuidMask == null ? null : parcelUuidMask.getUuid();
+            if (matchesServiceUuid(uuid.getUuid(), uuidMask, parcelUuid.getUuid())) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Check if the uuid pattern matches the particular service uuid.
+    private static boolean matchesServiceUuid(UUID uuid, UUID mask, UUID data) {
+        if (mask == null) {
+            return uuid.equals(data);
+        }
+        if ((uuid.getLeastSignificantBits() & mask.getLeastSignificantBits())
+                != (data.getLeastSignificantBits() & mask.getLeastSignificantBits())) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return ((uuid.getMostSignificantBits() & mask.getMostSignificantBits())
+                == (data.getMostSignificantBits() & mask.getMostSignificantBits()));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleRecordTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleRecordTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f9a259
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleRecordTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/** Test for Bluetooth LE {@link BleRecord}. */
+public class BleRecordTest {
+
+    // iBeacon (Apple) Packet 1
+    private static final byte[] BEACON = {
+            // Flags
+            (byte) 0x02,
+            (byte) 0x01,
+            (byte) 0x06,
+            // Manufacturer-specific data header
+            (byte) 0x1a,
+            (byte) 0xff,
+            (byte) 0x4c,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            // iBeacon Type
+            (byte) 0x02,
+            // Frame length
+            (byte) 0x15,
+            // iBeacon Proximity UUID
+            (byte) 0xf7,
+            (byte) 0x82,
+            (byte) 0x6d,
+            (byte) 0xa6,
+            (byte) 0x4f,
+            (byte) 0xa2,
+            (byte) 0x4e,
+            (byte) 0x98,
+            (byte) 0x80,
+            (byte) 0x24,
+            (byte) 0xbc,
+            (byte) 0x5b,
+            (byte) 0x71,
+            (byte) 0xe0,
+            (byte) 0x89,
+            (byte) 0x3e,
+            // iBeacon Instance ID (Major/Minor)
+            (byte) 0x44,
+            (byte) 0xd0,
+            (byte) 0x25,
+            (byte) 0x22,
+            // Tx Power
+            (byte) 0xb3,
+            // RSP
+            (byte) 0x08,
+            (byte) 0x09,
+            (byte) 0x4b,
+            (byte) 0x6f,
+            (byte) 0x6e,
+            (byte) 0x74,
+            (byte) 0x61,
+            (byte) 0x6b,
+            (byte) 0x74,
+            (byte) 0x02,
+            (byte) 0x0a,
+            (byte) 0xf4,
+            (byte) 0x0a,
+            (byte) 0x16,
+            (byte) 0x0d,
+            (byte) 0xd0,
+            (byte) 0x74,
+            (byte) 0x6d,
+            (byte) 0x4d,
+            (byte) 0x6b,
+            (byte) 0x32,
+            (byte) 0x36,
+            (byte) 0x64,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00
+    };
+
+    // iBeacon (Apple) Packet 1
+    private static final byte[] SAME_BEACON = {
+            // Flags
+            (byte) 0x02,
+            (byte) 0x01,
+            (byte) 0x06,
+            // Manufacturer-specific data header
+            (byte) 0x1a,
+            (byte) 0xff,
+            (byte) 0x4c,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            // iBeacon Type
+            (byte) 0x02,
+            // Frame length
+            (byte) 0x15,
+            // iBeacon Proximity UUID
+            (byte) 0xf7,
+            (byte) 0x82,
+            (byte) 0x6d,
+            (byte) 0xa6,
+            (byte) 0x4f,
+            (byte) 0xa2,
+            (byte) 0x4e,
+            (byte) 0x98,
+            (byte) 0x80,
+            (byte) 0x24,
+            (byte) 0xbc,
+            (byte) 0x5b,
+            (byte) 0x71,
+            (byte) 0xe0,
+            (byte) 0x89,
+            (byte) 0x3e,
+            // iBeacon Instance ID (Major/Minor)
+            (byte) 0x44,
+            (byte) 0xd0,
+            (byte) 0x25,
+            (byte) 0x22,
+            // Tx Power
+            (byte) 0xb3,
+            // RSP
+            (byte) 0x08,
+            (byte) 0x09,
+            (byte) 0x4b,
+            (byte) 0x6f,
+            (byte) 0x6e,
+            (byte) 0x74,
+            (byte) 0x61,
+            (byte) 0x6b,
+            (byte) 0x74,
+            (byte) 0x02,
+            (byte) 0x0a,
+            (byte) 0xf4,
+            (byte) 0x0a,
+            (byte) 0x16,
+            (byte) 0x0d,
+            (byte) 0xd0,
+            (byte) 0x74,
+            (byte) 0x6d,
+            (byte) 0x4d,
+            (byte) 0x6b,
+            (byte) 0x32,
+            (byte) 0x36,
+            (byte) 0x64,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00
+    };
+
+    // iBeacon (Apple) Packet 1 with a modified second field.
+    private static final byte[] OTHER_BEACON = {
+            (byte) 0x02, // Length of this Data
+            (byte) 0x02, // <<Flags>>
+            (byte) 0x04, // BR/EDR Not Supported.
+            // Apple Specific Data
+            26, // length of data that follows
+            (byte) 0xff, // <<Manufacturer Specific Data>>
+            // Company Identifier Code = Apple
+            (byte) 0x4c, // LSB
+            (byte) 0x00, // MSB
+            // iBeacon Header
+            0x02,
+            // iBeacon Length
+            0x15,
+            // UUID = PROXIMITY_NOW
+            // IEEE 128-bit UUID represented as UUID[15]: msb To UUID[0]: lsb
+            (byte) 0x14,
+            (byte) 0xe4,
+            (byte) 0xfd,
+            (byte) 0x9f, // UUID[15] - UUID[12]
+            (byte) 0x66,
+            (byte) 0x67,
+            (byte) 0x4c,
+            (byte) 0xcb, // UUID[11] - UUID[08]
+            (byte) 0xa6,
+            (byte) 0x1b,
+            (byte) 0x24,
+            (byte) 0xd0, // UUID[07] - UUID[04]
+            (byte) 0x9a,
+            (byte) 0xb1,
+            (byte) 0x7e,
+            (byte) 0x93, // UUID[03] - UUID[00]
+            // ID as an int (decimal) = 1297482358
+            (byte) 0x76, // Major H
+            (byte) 0x02, // Major L
+            (byte) 0x56, // Minor H
+            (byte) 0x4d, // Minor L
+            // Normalized Tx Power of -77dbm
+            (byte) 0xb3,
+            0x00, // Zero padding for testing
+    };
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEquals() {
+        BleRecord record = BleRecord.parseFromBytes(BEACON);
+        BleRecord record2 = BleRecord.parseFromBytes(SAME_BEACON);
+
+        assertThat(record).isEqualTo(record2);
+
+        // Different items.
+        record2 = BleRecord.parseFromBytes(OTHER_BEACON);
+        assertThat(record).isNotEqualTo(record2);
+        assertThat(record.hashCode()).isNotEqualTo(record2.hashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFields() {
+        BleRecord record = BleRecord.parseFromBytes(BEACON);
+        assertThat(byteString(record.getManufacturerSpecificData()))
+                .isEqualTo("  0215F7826DA64FA24E988024BC5B71E0893E44D02522B3");
+        assertThat(
+                byteString(record.getServiceData(
+                        ParcelUuid.fromString("000000E0-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"))))
+                .isEqualTo("[null]");
+        assertThat(record.getTxPowerLevel()).isEqualTo(-12);
+        assertThat(record.toString()).isEqualTo(
+                "BleRecord [advertiseFlags=6, serviceUuids=[], "
+                        + "manufacturerSpecificData={76=[2, 21, -9, -126, 109, -90, 79, -94, 78,"
+                        + " -104, -128, 36, -68, 91, 113, -32, -119, 62, 68, -48, 37, 34, -77]},"
+                        + " serviceData={0000d00d-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"
+                        + "=[116, 109, 77, 107, 50, 54, 100]},"
+                        + " txPowerLevel=-12, deviceName=Kontakt]");
+    }
+
+    private static String byteString(SparseArray<byte[]> bytesArray) {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+        for (int i = 0; i < bytesArray.size(); i++) {
+            builder.append(builder.toString().isEmpty() ? "  " : "\n  ");
+            builder.append(byteString(bytesArray.valueAt(i)));
+        }
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
+
+    private static String byteString(byte[] bytes) {
+        if (bytes == null) {
+            return "[null]";
+        } else {
+            final char[] hexArray = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();
+            char[] hexChars = new char[bytes.length * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+                int v = bytes[i] & 0xFF;
+                hexChars[i * 2] = hexArray[v >>> 4];
+                hexChars[i * 2 + 1] = hexArray[v & 0x0F];
+            }
+            return new String(hexChars);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleSightingTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleSightingTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d259851
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/BleSightingTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/** Test for Bluetooth LE {@link BleSighting}. */
+public class BleSightingTest {
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "device1";
+    private static final String OTHER_DEVICE_NAME = "device2";
+    private static final long TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS = 123456;
+    private static final long OTHER_TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS = 456789;
+    private static final int RSSI = 1;
+    private static final int OTHER_RSSI = 2;
+
+    private final BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice1 =
+            BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice("00:11:22:33:44:55");
+    private final BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice2 =
+            BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice("AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF");
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testEquals() {
+        BleSighting sighting =
+                buildBleSighting(mBluetoothDevice1, DEVICE_NAME, TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS, RSSI);
+        BleSighting sighting2 =
+                buildBleSighting(mBluetoothDevice1, DEVICE_NAME, TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS, RSSI);
+        assertThat(sighting.equals(sighting2)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(sighting2.equals(sighting)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(sighting.hashCode()).isEqualTo(sighting2.hashCode());
+
+        // Transitive property.
+        BleSighting sighting3 =
+                buildBleSighting(mBluetoothDevice1, DEVICE_NAME, TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS, RSSI);
+        assertThat(sighting2.equals(sighting3)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(sighting.equals(sighting3)).isTrue();
+
+        // Set different values for each field, one at a time.
+        sighting2 = buildBleSighting(mBluetoothDevice2, DEVICE_NAME, TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS, RSSI);
+        assertSightingsNotEquals(sighting, sighting2);
+
+        sighting2 = buildBleSighting(mBluetoothDevice1, OTHER_DEVICE_NAME, TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS, RSSI);
+        assertSightingsNotEquals(sighting, sighting2);
+
+        sighting2 = buildBleSighting(mBluetoothDevice1, DEVICE_NAME, OTHER_TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS, RSSI);
+        assertSightingsNotEquals(sighting, sighting2);
+
+        sighting2 = buildBleSighting(mBluetoothDevice1, DEVICE_NAME, TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS, OTHER_RSSI);
+        assertSightingsNotEquals(sighting, sighting2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getNormalizedRSSI_usingNearbyRssiOffset_getCorrectValue() {
+        BleSighting sighting =
+                buildBleSighting(mBluetoothDevice1, DEVICE_NAME, TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS, RSSI);
+
+        int defaultRssiOffset = 3;
+        assertThat(sighting.getNormalizedRSSI()).isEqualTo(RSSI + defaultRssiOffset);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFields() {
+        BleSighting sighting =
+                buildBleSighting(mBluetoothDevice1, DEVICE_NAME, TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS, RSSI);
+        assertThat(byteString(sighting.getBleRecordBytes()))
+                .isEqualTo("080964657669636531");
+        assertThat(sighting.getRssi()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(sighting.getTimestampMillis()).isEqualTo(TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS);
+        assertThat(sighting.getTimestampNanos())
+                .isEqualTo(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS));
+        assertThat(sighting.toString()).isEqualTo(
+                "BleSighting{device=00:11:22:33:44:55,"
+                        + " bleRecord=BleRecord [advertiseFlags=-1,"
+                        + " serviceUuids=[],"
+                        + " manufacturerSpecificData={}, serviceData={},"
+                        + " txPowerLevel=-2147483648,"
+                        + " deviceName=device1],"
+                        + " rssi=1,"
+                        + " timestampNanos=123456000000}");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testParcelable() {
+        BleSighting sighting =
+                buildBleSighting(mBluetoothDevice1, DEVICE_NAME, TIME_EPOCH_MILLIS, RSSI);
+        Parcel dest = Parcel.obtain();
+        sighting.writeToParcel(dest, 0);
+        dest.setDataPosition(0);
+        assertThat(sighting.getRssi()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        BleSighting[]  sightings =
+                BleSighting.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(sightings.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+
+    private static String byteString(byte[] bytes) {
+        if (bytes == null) {
+            return "[null]";
+        } else {
+            final char[] hexArray = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();
+            char[] hexChars = new char[bytes.length * 2];
+            for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+                int v = bytes[i] & 0xFF;
+                hexChars[i * 2] = hexArray[v >>> 4];
+                hexChars[i * 2 + 1] = hexArray[v & 0x0F];
+            }
+            return new String(hexChars);
+        }
+    }
+
+        /** Builds a BleSighting instance which will correctly match filters by device name. */
+    private static BleSighting buildBleSighting(
+            BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice, String deviceName, long timeEpochMillis, int rssi) {
+        byte[] nameBytes = deviceName.getBytes(UTF_8);
+        byte[] bleRecordBytes = new byte[nameBytes.length + 2];
+        bleRecordBytes[0] = (byte) (nameBytes.length + 1);
+        bleRecordBytes[1] = 0x09; // Value of private BleRecord.DATA_TYPE_LOCAL_NAME_COMPLETE;
+        System.arraycopy(nameBytes, 0, bleRecordBytes, 2, nameBytes.length);
+
+        return new BleSighting(bluetoothDevice, bleRecordBytes,
+                rssi, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(timeEpochMillis));
+    }
+
+    private static void assertSightingsNotEquals(BleSighting sighting1, BleSighting sighting2) {
+        assertThat(sighting1.equals(sighting2)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(sighting1.hashCode()).isNotEqualTo(sighting2.hashCode());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/BeaconDecoderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/BeaconDecoderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a9181d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/BeaconDecoderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.decode;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.BleRecord.parseFromBytes;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.testing.FastPairTestData.getFastPairRecord;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class BeaconDecoderTest {
+    private BeaconDecoder mBeaconDecoder = new FastPairDecoder();;
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFields() {
+        assertThat(mBeaconDecoder.getTelemetry(parseFromBytes(getFastPairRecord()))).isNull();
+        assertThat(mBeaconDecoder.getUrl(parseFromBytes(getFastPairRecord()))).isNull();
+        assertThat(mBeaconDecoder.supportsBeaconIdAndTxPower(parseFromBytes(getFastPairRecord())))
+                .isTrue();
+        assertThat(mBeaconDecoder.supportsTxPower()).isTrue();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/FastPairDecoderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/FastPairDecoderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6552699
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/decode/FastPairDecoderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,549 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.decode;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.BleRecord.parseFromBytes;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.testing.FastPairTestData.DEVICE_ADDRESS;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.testing.FastPairTestData.FAST_PAIR_MODEL_ID;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.testing.FastPairTestData.FAST_PAIR_SHARED_ACCOUNT_KEY_RECORD;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.testing.FastPairTestData.RSSI;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.testing.FastPairTestData.getFastPairRecord;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.testing.FastPairTestData.newFastPairRecord;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.BleRecord;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.BleSighting;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.testing.FastPairTestData;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.Hex;
+
+import com.google.common.primitives.Bytes;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class FastPairDecoderTest {
+    private static final String LONG_MODEL_ID = "1122334455667788";
+    // Bits 3-6 are model ID length bits = 0b1000 = 8
+    private static final byte LONG_MODEL_ID_HEADER = 0b00010000;
+    private static final String PADDED_LONG_MODEL_ID = "00001111";
+    // Bits 3-6 are model ID length bits = 0b0100 = 4
+    private static final byte PADDED_LONG_MODEL_ID_HEADER = 0b00001000;
+    private static final String TRIMMED_LONG_MODEL_ID = "001111";
+    private static final byte MODEL_ID_HEADER = 0b00000110;
+    private static final String MODEL_ID = "112233";
+    private static final byte BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER = 0b01100000;
+    private static final byte BLOOM_FILTER_NO_NOTIFICATION_HEADER = 0b01100010;
+    private static final String BLOOM_FILTER = "112233445566";
+    private static final byte LONG_BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER = (byte) 0b10100000;
+    private static final String LONG_BLOOM_FILTER = "00112233445566778899";
+    private static final byte BLOOM_FILTER_SALT_HEADER = 0b00010001;
+    private static final String BLOOM_FILTER_SALT = "01";
+    private static final byte BATTERY_HEADER = 0b00110011;
+    private static final byte BATTERY_NO_NOTIFICATION_HEADER = 0b00110100;
+    private static final String BATTERY = "01048F";
+    private static final byte RANDOM_RESOLVABLE_DATA_HEADER = 0b01000110;
+    private static final String RANDOM_RESOLVABLE_DATA = "11223344";
+
+    private final FastPairDecoder mDecoder = new FastPairDecoder();
+    private final BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice =
+            BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice(DEVICE_ADDRESS);
+
+    @Test
+    public void filter() {
+        assertThat(FastPairDecoder.FILTER.matches(bleSighting(getFastPairRecord()))).isTrue();
+        assertThat(FastPairDecoder.FILTER.matches(bleSighting(FAST_PAIR_SHARED_ACCOUNT_KEY_RECORD)))
+                .isTrue();
+
+        // Any ID is a valid frame.
+        assertThat(FastPairDecoder.FILTER.matches(
+                bleSighting(newFastPairRecord(Hex.stringToBytes("000001"))))).isTrue();
+        assertThat(FastPairDecoder.FILTER.matches(
+                bleSighting(newFastPairRecord(Hex.stringToBytes("098FEC"))))).isTrue();
+        assertThat(FastPairDecoder.FILTER.matches(
+                bleSighting(FastPairTestData.newFastPairRecord(
+                        LONG_MODEL_ID_HEADER, Hex.stringToBytes(LONG_MODEL_ID))))).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getModelId() {
+        assertThat(mDecoder.getBeaconIdBytes(parseFromBytes(getFastPairRecord())))
+                .isEqualTo(FAST_PAIR_MODEL_ID);
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(LONG_MODEL_ID_HEADER, LONG_MODEL_ID);
+        assertThat(
+                mDecoder.getBeaconIdBytes(
+                        newBleRecord(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData())))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(LONG_MODEL_ID));
+
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData1 =
+                new FastPairServiceData(PADDED_LONG_MODEL_ID_HEADER, PADDED_LONG_MODEL_ID);
+        assertThat(
+                mDecoder.getBeaconIdBytes(
+                        newBleRecord(fastPairServiceData1.createServiceData())))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(TRIMMED_LONG_MODEL_ID));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBeaconIdType() {
+        assertThat(mDecoder.getBeaconIdType()).isEqualTo(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getCalibratedBeaconTxPower() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(LONG_MODEL_ID_HEADER, LONG_MODEL_ID);
+        assertThat(
+                mDecoder.getCalibratedBeaconTxPower(
+                        newBleRecord(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData())))
+                .isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getServiceDataArray() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(LONG_MODEL_ID_HEADER, LONG_MODEL_ID);
+        assertThat(
+                mDecoder.getServiceDataArray(
+                        newBleRecord(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData())))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes("101122334455667788"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void hasBloomFilter() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(LONG_MODEL_ID_HEADER, LONG_MODEL_ID);
+        assertThat(
+                mDecoder.hasBloomFilter(
+                        newBleRecord(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData())))
+                .isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void hasModelId_allCases() {
+        // One type of the format is just the 3-byte model ID. This format has no header byte (all 3
+        // service data bytes are the model ID in little endian).
+        assertThat(hasModelId("112233", mDecoder)).isTrue();
+
+        // If the model ID is shorter than 3 bytes, then return null.
+        assertThat(hasModelId("11", mDecoder)).isFalse();
+
+        // If the data is longer than 3 bytes,
+        // byte 0 must be 0bVVVLLLLR (version, ID length, reserved).
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData((byte) 0b00001000, "11223344");
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.hasBeaconIdBytes(
+                        newBleRecord(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))).isTrue();
+
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData1 =
+                new FastPairServiceData((byte) 0b00001010, "1122334455");
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.hasBeaconIdBytes(
+                        newBleRecord(fastPairServiceData1.createServiceData()))).isTrue();
+
+        // Length bits correct, but version bits != version 0 (only supported version).
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData2 =
+                new FastPairServiceData((byte) 0b00101000, "11223344");
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.hasBeaconIdBytes(
+                        newBleRecord(fastPairServiceData2.createServiceData()))).isFalse();
+
+        // Version bits correct, but length bits incorrect (too big, too small).
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData3 =
+                new FastPairServiceData((byte) 0b00001010, "11223344");
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.hasBeaconIdBytes(
+                        newBleRecord(fastPairServiceData3.createServiceData()))).isFalse();
+
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData4 =
+                new FastPairServiceData((byte) 0b00000010, "11223344");
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.hasBeaconIdBytes(
+                        newBleRecord(fastPairServiceData4.createServiceData()))).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBatteryLevel() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BATTERY_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BATTERY);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBatteryLevel(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BATTERY));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBatteryLevel_notIncludedInPacket() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBatteryLevel(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData())).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBatteryLevel_noModelId() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData((byte) 0b00000000, null);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BATTERY_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BATTERY);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBatteryLevel(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BATTERY));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBatteryLevel_multipelExtraField() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BATTERY_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BATTERY);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBatteryLevel(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BATTERY));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBatteryLevelNoNotification() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BATTERY_NO_NOTIFICATION_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BATTERY);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBatteryLevelNoNotification(
+                        fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BATTERY));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBatteryLevelNoNotification_notIncludedInPacket() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBatteryLevelNoNotification(
+                        fastPairServiceData.createServiceData())).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBatteryLevelNoNotification_noModelId() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData((byte) 0b00000000, null);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BATTERY_NO_NOTIFICATION_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BATTERY);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBatteryLevelNoNotification(
+                        fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BATTERY));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBatteryLevelNoNotification_multipleExtraField() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BATTERY_NO_NOTIFICATION_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BATTERY);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBatteryLevelNoNotification(
+                        fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BATTERY));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BLOOM_FILTER));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilterNoNotification() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_NO_NOTIFICATION_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilterNoNotification(
+                        fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BLOOM_FILTER));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_smallModelId() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(null, MODEL_ID);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_headerVersionBitsNotZero() {
+        // Header bits are defined as 0bVVVLLLLR (V=version, L=length, R=reserved), must be zero.
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData((byte) 0b00100000, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_noExtraFieldBytesIncluded() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(null);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(null);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_extraFieldLengthIsZero() {
+        // The extra field header is formatted as 0bLLLLTTTT (L=length, T=type).
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add((byte) 0b00000000);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(null);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .hasLength(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_extraFieldLengthLongerThanPacket() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add((byte) 0b11110000);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add("1122");
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_secondExtraFieldLengthLongerThanPacket() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add((byte) 0b00100000);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add("1122");
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add((byte) 0b11110001);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add("3344");
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData())).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_typeIsWrong() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add((byte) 0b01100001);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add("112233445566");
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_noModelId() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData((byte) 0b00000000, null);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BLOOM_FILTER));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_noModelIdAndMultipleExtraFields() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData((byte) 0b00000000, null);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add((byte) 0b00010001);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add("00");
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BLOOM_FILTER));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_modelIdAndMultipleExtraFields() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_SALT_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER_SALT);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BLOOM_FILTER));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilterSalt_modelIdAndMultipleExtraFields() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_SALT_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER_SALT);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilterSalt(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BLOOM_FILTER_SALT));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_modelIdAndMultipleExtraFieldsWithBloomFilterLast() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add((byte) 0b00010001);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add("1A");
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add((byte) 0b00100010);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add("2CFE");
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BLOOM_FILTER));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_modelIdAndMultipleExtraFieldsWithSameType() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(BLOOM_FILTER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add("000000000000");
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(BLOOM_FILTER));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getBloomFilter_longExtraField() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(LONG_BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(LONG_BLOOM_FILTER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(BLOOM_FILTER_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add("000000000000");
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getBloomFilter(
+                        fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(LONG_BLOOM_FILTER));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getRandomResolvableData_whenNoConnectionState() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getRandomResolvableData(
+                        fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getRandomResolvableData_whenContainConnectionState() {
+        FastPairServiceData fastPairServiceData =
+                new FastPairServiceData(MODEL_ID_HEADER, MODEL_ID);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFieldHeaders.add(RANDOM_RESOLVABLE_DATA_HEADER);
+        fastPairServiceData.mExtraFields.add(RANDOM_RESOLVABLE_DATA);
+        assertThat(
+                FastPairDecoder.getRandomResolvableData(
+                        fastPairServiceData.createServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo(Hex.stringToBytes(RANDOM_RESOLVABLE_DATA));
+    }
+
+    private static BleRecord newBleRecord(byte[] serviceDataBytes) {
+        return parseFromBytes(newFastPairRecord(serviceDataBytes));
+    }
+
+    private static boolean hasModelId(String modelId, FastPairDecoder decoder) {
+        byte[] modelIdBytes = Hex.stringToBytes(modelId);
+        BleRecord bleRecord =
+                parseFromBytes(FastPairTestData.newFastPairRecord((byte) 0, modelIdBytes));
+        return FastPairDecoder.hasBeaconIdBytes(bleRecord)
+                && Arrays.equals(decoder.getBeaconIdBytes(bleRecord), modelIdBytes);
+    }
+
+    private BleSighting bleSighting(byte[] frame) {
+        return new BleSighting(mBluetoothDevice, frame, RSSI,
+                TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(System.currentTimeMillis()));
+    }
+
+    static class FastPairServiceData {
+        private Byte mHeader;
+        private String mModelId;
+        List<Byte> mExtraFieldHeaders = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<String> mExtraFields = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        FastPairServiceData(Byte header, String modelId) {
+            this.mHeader = header;
+            this.mModelId = modelId;
+        }
+        private byte[] createServiceData() {
+            if (mExtraFieldHeaders.size() != mExtraFields.size()) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Number of headers and extra fields must match.");
+            }
+            byte[] serviceData =
+                    Bytes.concat(
+                            mHeader == null ? new byte[0] : new byte[] {mHeader},
+                            mModelId == null ? new byte[0] : Hex.stringToBytes(mModelId));
+            for (int i = 0; i < mExtraFieldHeaders.size(); i++) {
+                serviceData =
+                        Bytes.concat(
+                                serviceData,
+                                mExtraFieldHeaders.get(i) != null
+                                        ? new byte[] {mExtraFieldHeaders.get(i)}
+                                        : new byte[0],
+                                mExtraFields.get(i) != null
+                                        ? Hex.stringToBytes(mExtraFields.get(i))
+                                        : new byte[0]);
+            }
+            return serviceData;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/RangingUtilsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/RangingUtilsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..29f8d4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/RangingUtilsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.util;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class RangingUtilsTest {
+    // relative error to be used in comparing doubles
+    private static final double DELTA = 1e-5;
+
+    @Test
+    public void distanceFromRssi_getCorrectValue() {
+        // Distance expected to be 1.0 meters based on an RSSI/TxPower of -41dBm
+        // Using params: int rssi (dBm), int calibratedTxPower (dBm)
+        double distance = RangingUtils.distanceFromRssiAndTxPower(-82, -41);
+        assertThat(distance).isWithin(DELTA).of(1.0);
+
+        double distance2 = RangingUtils.distanceFromRssiAndTxPower(-111, -50);
+        assertThat(distance2).isWithin(DELTA).of(10.0);
+
+        //rssi txpower
+        double distance4 = RangingUtils.distanceFromRssiAndTxPower(-50, -29);
+        assertThat(distance4).isWithin(DELTA).of(0.1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRssiFromDistance() {
+        // RSSI expected at 1 meter based on the calibrated tx field of -41dBm
+        // Using params: distance (m), int calibratedTxPower (dBm),
+        int rssi = RangingUtils.rssiFromTargetDistance(1.0, -41);
+        int rssi1 = RangingUtils.rssiFromTargetDistance(0.0, -41);
+
+        assertThat(rssi).isEqualTo(-82);
+        assertThat(rssi1).isEqualTo(-41);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOutOfRange() {
+        double distance = RangingUtils.distanceFromRssiAndTxPower(-200, -41);
+        assertThat(distance).isWithin(DELTA).of(177.82794);
+
+        distance = RangingUtils.distanceFromRssiAndTxPower(200, -41);
+        assertThat(distance).isWithin(DELTA).of(0);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/StringUtilsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/StringUtilsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b20fdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/ble/util/StringUtilsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.util;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.ble.BleRecord;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+public class StringUtilsTest {
+    // iBeacon (Apple) Packet 1
+    private static final byte[] BEACON = {
+            // Flags
+            (byte) 0x02,
+            (byte) 0x01,
+            (byte) 0x06,
+            // Manufacturer-specific data header
+            (byte) 0x1a,
+            (byte) 0xff,
+            (byte) 0x4c,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            // iBeacon Type
+            (byte) 0x02,
+            // Frame length
+            (byte) 0x15,
+            // iBeacon Proximity UUID
+            (byte) 0xf7,
+            (byte) 0x82,
+            (byte) 0x6d,
+            (byte) 0xa6,
+            (byte) 0x4f,
+            (byte) 0xa2,
+            (byte) 0x4e,
+            (byte) 0x98,
+            (byte) 0x80,
+            (byte) 0x24,
+            (byte) 0xbc,
+            (byte) 0x5b,
+            (byte) 0x71,
+            (byte) 0xe0,
+            (byte) 0x89,
+            (byte) 0x3e,
+            // iBeacon Instance ID (Major/Minor)
+            (byte) 0x44,
+            (byte) 0xd0,
+            (byte) 0x25,
+            (byte) 0x22,
+            // Tx Power
+            (byte) 0xb3,
+            // RSP
+            (byte) 0x08,
+            (byte) 0x09,
+            (byte) 0x4b,
+            (byte) 0x6f,
+            (byte) 0x6e,
+            (byte) 0x74,
+            (byte) 0x61,
+            (byte) 0x6b,
+            (byte) 0x74,
+            (byte) 0x02,
+            (byte) 0x0a,
+            (byte) 0xf4,
+            (byte) 0x0a,
+            (byte) 0x16,
+            (byte) 0x0d,
+            (byte) 0xd0,
+            (byte) 0x74,
+            (byte) 0x6d,
+            (byte) 0x4d,
+            (byte) 0x6b,
+            (byte) 0x32,
+            (byte) 0x36,
+            (byte) 0x64,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x00
+    };
+
+    @Test
+    public void testToString() {
+        BleRecord record = BleRecord.parseFromBytes(BEACON);
+        assertThat(StringUtils.toString((SparseArray<byte[]>) null)).isEqualTo("null");
+        assertThat(StringUtils.toString(new SparseArray<byte[]>())).isEqualTo("{}");
+        assertThat(StringUtils
+                .toString((Map<ParcelUuid, byte[]>) null)).isEqualTo("null");
+        assertThat(StringUtils
+                .toString(new HashMap<ParcelUuid, byte[]>())).isEqualTo("{}");
+        assertThat(StringUtils.toString(record.getManufacturerSpecificData()))
+                .isEqualTo("{76=[2, 21, -9, -126, 109, -90, 79, -94, 78, -104, -128,"
+                        + " 36, -68, 91, 113, -32, -119, 62, 68, -48, 37, 34, -77]}");
+        assertThat(StringUtils.toString(record.getServiceData()))
+                .isEqualTo("{0000d00d-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb="
+                        + "[116, 109, 77, 107, 50, 54, 100]}");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/BloomFilterTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/BloomFilterTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30df81f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/BloomFilterTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bloomfilter;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertWithMessage;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Unit-tests for the {@link BloomFilter} class.
+ */
+public class BloomFilterTest {
+    private static final int BYTE_ARRAY_LENGTH = 100;
+
+    private final BloomFilter mBloomFilter =
+            new BloomFilter(new byte[BYTE_ARRAY_LENGTH], newHasher());
+
+    public BloomFilter.Hasher newHasher() {
+        return new FastPairBloomFilterHasher();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void emptyFilter_returnsEmptyArray() throws Exception {
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.asBytes()).isEqualTo(new byte[BYTE_ARRAY_LENGTH]);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void emptyFilter_neverContains() throws Exception {
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(1))).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(2))).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(3))).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void add() throws Exception {
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(1))).isFalse();
+        mBloomFilter.add(element(1));
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(1))).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void add_onlyGivenArgAdded() throws Exception {
+        mBloomFilter.add(element(1));
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(1))).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(2))).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(3))).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void add_multipleArgs() throws Exception {
+        mBloomFilter.add(element(1));
+        mBloomFilter.add(element(2));
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(1))).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(2))).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(3))).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This test was added because of a bug where the BloomFilter doesn't utilize all bits given.
+     * Functionally, the filter still works, but we just have a much higher false positive rate. The
+     * bug was caused by confusing bit length and byte length, which made our BloomFilter only set
+     * bits on the first byteLength (bitLength / 8) bits rather than the whole bitLength bits.
+     *
+     * <p>Here, we're verifying that the bits set are somewhat scattered. So instead of something
+     * like [ 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, ..., 0 ], we should be getting something like
+     * [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0,0, 1, ..., 1, 0].
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void randomness_noEndBias() throws Exception {
+        // Add one element to our BloomFilter.
+        mBloomFilter.add(element(1));
+
+        // Record the amount of non-zero bytes and the longest streak of zero bytes in the resulting
+        // BloomFilter. This is an approximation of reasonable distribution since we're recording by
+        // bytes instead of bits.
+        int nonZeroCount = 0;
+        int longestZeroStreak = 0;
+        int currentZeroStreak = 0;
+        for (byte b : mBloomFilter.asBytes()) {
+            if (b == 0) {
+                currentZeroStreak++;
+            } else {
+                // Increment the number of non-zero bytes we've seen, update the longest zero
+                // streak, and then reset the current zero streak.
+                nonZeroCount++;
+                longestZeroStreak = Math.max(longestZeroStreak, currentZeroStreak);
+                currentZeroStreak = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        // Update the longest zero streak again for the tail case.
+        longestZeroStreak = Math.max(longestZeroStreak, currentZeroStreak);
+
+        // Since randomness is hard to measure within one unit test, we instead do a valid check.
+        // All non-zero bytes should not be packed into one end of the array.
+        //
+        // In this case, the size of one end is approximated to be:
+        //   BYTE_ARRAY_LENGTH / nonZeroCount.
+        // Therefore, the longest zero streak should be less than:
+        //   BYTE_ARRAY_LENGTH - one end of the array.
+        int longestAcceptableZeroStreak = BYTE_ARRAY_LENGTH - (BYTE_ARRAY_LENGTH / nonZeroCount);
+        assertThat(longestZeroStreak).isAtMost(longestAcceptableZeroStreak);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void randomness_falsePositiveRate() throws Exception {
+        // Create a new BloomFilter with a length of only 10 bytes.
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter = new BloomFilter(new byte[10], newHasher());
+
+        // Add 5 distinct elements to the BloomFilter.
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            bloomFilter.add(element(i));
+        }
+
+        // Now test 100 other elements and record the number of false positives.
+        int falsePositives = 0;
+        for (int i = 5; i < 105; i++) {
+            falsePositives += bloomFilter.possiblyContains(element(i)) ? 1 : 0;
+        }
+
+        // We expect the false positive rate to be 3% with 5 elements in a 10 byte filter. Thus,
+        // we give a little leeway and verify that the false positive rate is no more than 5%.
+        assertWithMessage(
+                String.format(
+                        "False positive rate too large. Expected <= 5%%, but got %d%%.",
+                        falsePositives))
+                .that(falsePositives <= 5)
+                .isTrue();
+        System.out.printf("False positive rate: %d%%%n", falsePositives);
+    }
+
+
+    private String element(int index) {
+        return "ELEMENT_" + index;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void specificBitPattern() throws Exception {
+        // Create a new BloomFilter along with a fixed set of elements
+        // and bit patterns to verify with.
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter = new BloomFilter(new byte[6], newHasher());
+        // Combine an account key and mac address.
+        byte[] element =
+                concat(
+                        base16().decode("11223344556677889900AABBCCDDEEFF"),
+                        base16().withSeparator(":", 2).decode("84:68:3E:00:02:11"));
+        byte[] expectedBitPattern = new byte[] {0x50, 0x00, 0x04, 0x15, 0x08, 0x01};
+
+        // Add the fixed elements to the filter.
+        bloomFilter.add(element);
+
+        // Verify that the resulting bytes match the expected one.
+        byte[] bloomFilterBytes = bloomFilter.asBytes();
+        assertWithMessage(
+                "Unexpected bit pattern. Expected %s, but got %s.",
+                base16().encode(expectedBitPattern), base16().encode(bloomFilterBytes))
+                .that(Arrays.equals(expectedBitPattern, bloomFilterBytes))
+                .isTrue();
+
+        // Verify that the expected bit pattern creates a BloomFilter containing all fixed elements.
+        bloomFilter = new BloomFilter(expectedBitPattern, newHasher());
+        assertThat(bloomFilter.possiblyContains(element)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    // This test case has been on the spec,
+    // https://devsite.googleplex.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec#test_cases.
+    // Explicitly adds it here, and we can easily change the parameters (e.g. account key, ble
+    // address) to clarify test results with partners.
+    @Test
+    public void specificBitPattern_hasOneAccountKey() {
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter1 = new BloomFilter(new byte[4], newHasher());
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter2 = new BloomFilter(new byte[4], newHasher());
+        byte[] accountKey = base16().decode("11223344556677889900AABBCCDDEEFF");
+        byte[] salt1 = base16().decode("C7");
+        byte[] salt2 = base16().decode("C7C8");
+
+        // Add the fixed elements to the filter.
+        bloomFilter1.add(concat(accountKey, salt1));
+        bloomFilter2.add(concat(accountKey, salt2));
+
+        assertThat(bloomFilter1.asBytes()).isEqualTo(base16().decode("0A428810"));
+        assertThat(bloomFilter2.asBytes()).isEqualTo(base16().decode("020C802A"));
+    }
+
+    // Adds this test case to spec. We can easily change the parameters (e.g. account key, ble
+    // address, battery data) to clarify test results with partners.
+    @Test
+    public void specificBitPattern_hasOneAccountKey_withBatteryData() {
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter1 = new BloomFilter(new byte[4], newHasher());
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter2 = new BloomFilter(new byte[4], newHasher());
+        byte[] accountKey = base16().decode("11223344556677889900AABBCCDDEEFF");
+        byte[] salt1 = base16().decode("C7");
+        byte[] salt2 = base16().decode("C7C8");
+        byte[] batteryData = {
+                0b00110011, // length = 3, show UI indication.
+                0b01000000, // Left bud: not charging, battery level = 64.
+                0b01000000, // Right bud: not charging, battery level = 64.
+                0b01000000 // Case: not charging, battery level = 64.
+        };
+
+        // Adds battery data to build bloom filter.
+        bloomFilter1.add(concat(accountKey, salt1, batteryData));
+        bloomFilter2.add(concat(accountKey, salt2, batteryData));
+
+        assertThat(bloomFilter1.asBytes()).isEqualTo(base16().decode("4A00F000"));
+        assertThat(bloomFilter2.asBytes()).isEqualTo(base16().decode("0101460A"));
+    }
+
+    // This test case has been on the spec,
+    // https://devsite.googleplex.com/nearby/fast-pair/spec#test_cases.
+    // Explicitly adds it here, and we can easily change the parameters (e.g. account key, ble
+    // address) to clarify test results with partners.
+    @Test
+    public void specificBitPattern_hasTwoAccountKeys() {
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter1 = new BloomFilter(new byte[5], newHasher());
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter2 = new BloomFilter(new byte[5], newHasher());
+        byte[] accountKey1 = base16().decode("11223344556677889900AABBCCDDEEFF");
+        byte[] accountKey2 = base16().decode("11112222333344445555666677778888");
+        byte[] salt1 = base16().decode("C7");
+        byte[] salt2 = base16().decode("C7C8");
+
+        // Adds the fixed elements to the filter.
+        bloomFilter1.add(concat(accountKey1, salt1));
+        bloomFilter1.add(concat(accountKey2, salt1));
+        bloomFilter2.add(concat(accountKey1, salt2));
+        bloomFilter2.add(concat(accountKey2, salt2));
+
+        assertThat(bloomFilter1.asBytes()).isEqualTo(base16().decode("2FBA064200"));
+        assertThat(bloomFilter2.asBytes()).isEqualTo(base16().decode("844A62208B"));
+    }
+
+    // Adds this test case to spec. We can easily change the parameters (e.g. account keys, ble
+    // address, battery data) to clarify test results with partners.
+    @Test
+    public void specificBitPattern_hasTwoAccountKeys_withBatteryData() {
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter1 = new BloomFilter(new byte[5], newHasher());
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter2 = new BloomFilter(new byte[5], newHasher());
+        byte[] accountKey1 = base16().decode("11223344556677889900AABBCCDDEEFF");
+        byte[] accountKey2 = base16().decode("11112222333344445555666677778888");
+        byte[] salt1 = base16().decode("C7");
+        byte[] salt2 = base16().decode("C7C8");
+        byte[] batteryData = {
+                0b00110011, // length = 3, show UI indication.
+                0b01000000, // Left bud: not charging, battery level = 64.
+                0b01000000, // Right bud: not charging, battery level = 64.
+                0b01000000 // Case: not charging, battery level = 64.
+        };
+
+        // Adds battery data to build bloom filter.
+        bloomFilter1.add(concat(accountKey1, salt1, batteryData));
+        bloomFilter1.add(concat(accountKey2, salt1, batteryData));
+        bloomFilter2.add(concat(accountKey1, salt2, batteryData));
+        bloomFilter2.add(concat(accountKey2, salt2, batteryData));
+
+        assertThat(bloomFilter1.asBytes()).isEqualTo(base16().decode("102256C04D"));
+        assertThat(bloomFilter2.asBytes()).isEqualTo(base16().decode("461524D008"));
+    }
+
+    // Adds this test case to spec. We can easily change the parameters (e.g. account keys, ble
+    // address, battery data and battery remaining time) to clarify test results with partners.
+    @Test
+    public void specificBitPattern_hasTwoAccountKeys_withBatteryLevelAndRemainingTime() {
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter1 = new BloomFilter(new byte[5], newHasher());
+        BloomFilter bloomFilter2 = new BloomFilter(new byte[5], newHasher());
+        byte[] accountKey1 = base16().decode("11223344556677889900AABBCCDDEEFF");
+        byte[] accountKey2 = base16().decode("11112222333344445555666677778888");
+        byte[] salt1 = base16().decode("C7");
+        byte[] salt2 = base16().decode("C7C8");
+        byte[] batteryData = {
+                0b00110011, // length = 3, show UI indication.
+                0b01000000, // Left bud: not charging, battery level = 64.
+                0b01000000, // Right bud: not charging, battery level = 64.
+                0b01000000 // Case: not charging, battery level = 64.
+        };
+        byte[] batteryRemainingTime = {
+                0b00010101, // length = 1, type = 0b0101 (remaining battery time).
+                0x1E, // remaining battery time (in minutes) =  30 minutes.
+        };
+
+        // Adds battery data to build bloom filter.
+        bloomFilter1.add(concat(accountKey1, salt1, batteryData, batteryRemainingTime));
+        bloomFilter1.add(concat(accountKey2, salt1, batteryData, batteryRemainingTime));
+        bloomFilter2.add(concat(accountKey1, salt2, batteryData, batteryRemainingTime));
+        bloomFilter2.add(concat(accountKey2, salt2, batteryData, batteryRemainingTime));
+
+        assertThat(bloomFilter1.asBytes()).isEqualTo(base16().decode("32A086B41A"));
+        assertThat(bloomFilter2.asBytes()).isEqualTo(base16().decode("C2A042043E"));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/FastPairBloomFilterHasherTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/FastPairBloomFilterHasherTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92c3b1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bloomfilter/FastPairBloomFilterHasherTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bloomfilter;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+
+public class FastPairBloomFilterHasherTest {
+    private static final Charset CHARSET = UTF_8;
+    private static FastPairBloomFilterHasher sFastPairBloomFilterHasher =
+            new FastPairBloomFilterHasher();
+    @Test
+    public void getHashes() {
+        int[] hashe1 = sFastPairBloomFilterHasher.getHashes(element(1).getBytes(CHARSET));
+        int[] hashe2 = sFastPairBloomFilterHasher.getHashes(element(1).getBytes(CHARSET));
+        int[] hashe3 = sFastPairBloomFilterHasher.getHashes(element(2).getBytes(CHARSET));
+        assertThat(hashe1).isEqualTo(hashe2);
+        assertThat(hashe1).isNotEqualTo(hashe3);
+    }
+
+    private String element(int index) {
+        return "ELEMENT_" + index;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AccountKeyGeneratorTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AccountKeyGeneratorTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35a45c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AccountKeyGeneratorTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.AccountKeyCharacteristic;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link AccountKeyGenerator}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class AccountKeyGeneratorTest {
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void createAccountKey() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        byte[] accountKey = AccountKeyGenerator.createAccountKey();
+
+        assertThat(accountKey).hasLength(16);
+        assertThat(accountKey[0]).isEqualTo(AccountKeyCharacteristic.TYPE);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AdditionalDataEncoderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AdditionalDataEncoderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf40fc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AdditionalDataEncoderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AdditionalDataEncoder.MAX_LENGTH_OF_DATA;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.KEY_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.NONCE_SIZE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.NamingEncoder.EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link AdditionalDataEncoder}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class AdditionalDataEncoderTest {
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void decodeEncodedAdditionalDataPacket_mustGetSameRawData()
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] rawData = base16().decode("00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFF");
+
+        byte[] encodedAdditionalDataPacket =
+                AdditionalDataEncoder.encodeAdditionalDataPacket(secret, rawData);
+        byte[] additionalData =
+                AdditionalDataEncoder
+                        .decodeAdditionalDataPacket(secret, encodedAdditionalDataPacket);
+
+        assertThat(additionalData).isEqualTo(rawData);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputNullSecretKeyToEncode_mustThrowException() {
+        byte[] rawData = base16().decode("00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFF");
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> AdditionalDataEncoder.encodeAdditionalDataPacket(null, rawData));
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Incorrect secret for encoding additional data packet");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputIncorrectKeySizeToEncode_mustThrowException() {
+        byte[] secret = new byte[KEY_LENGTH - 1];
+        byte[] rawData = base16().decode("00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFF");
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> AdditionalDataEncoder.encodeAdditionalDataPacket(secret, rawData));
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Incorrect secret for encoding additional data packet");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputNullAdditionalDataToEncode_mustThrowException()
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> AdditionalDataEncoder.encodeAdditionalDataPacket(secret, null));
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Invalid data for encoding additional data packet");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputInvalidAdditionalDataSizeToEncode_mustThrowException()
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] rawData = base16().decode("");
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> AdditionalDataEncoder.encodeAdditionalDataPacket(secret, rawData));
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Invalid data for encoding additional data packet");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputTooLargeAdditionalDataSizeToEncode_mustThrowException()
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] rawData = new byte[MAX_LENGTH_OF_DATA + 1];
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> AdditionalDataEncoder.encodeAdditionalDataPacket(secret, rawData));
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Invalid data for encoding additional data packet");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputIncorrectKeySizeToDecode_mustThrowException() {
+        byte[] secret = new byte[KEY_LENGTH - 1];
+        byte[] packet = base16().decode("01234567890123456789");
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> AdditionalDataEncoder.decodeAdditionalDataPacket(secret, packet));
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Incorrect secret for decoding additional data packet");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputTooSmallPacketSize_mustThrowException() {
+        byte[] secret = new byte[KEY_LENGTH];
+        byte[] packet = new byte[EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE - 1];
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> AdditionalDataEncoder.decodeAdditionalDataPacket(secret, packet));
+
+        assertThat(exception).hasMessageThat().contains("Additional data packet size is incorrect");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputTooLargePacketSize_mustThrowException() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] packet = new byte[MAX_LENGTH_OF_DATA + EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE + NONCE_SIZE + 1];
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> AdditionalDataEncoder.decodeAdditionalDataPacket(secret, packet));
+
+        assertThat(exception).hasMessageThat().contains("Additional data packet size is incorrect");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputIncorrectHmacToDecode_mustThrowException() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] rawData = base16().decode("00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFF");
+
+        byte[] additionalDataPacket = AdditionalDataEncoder
+                .encodeAdditionalDataPacket(secret, rawData);
+        additionalDataPacket[0] = (byte) ~additionalDataPacket[0];
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> AdditionalDataEncoder
+                                .decodeAdditionalDataPacket(secret, additionalDataPacket));
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Verify HMAC failed, could be incorrect key or packet.");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryptionTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryptionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d86037
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryptionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.NONCE_SIZE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.KEY_LENGTH;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/** Unit tests for {@link AesCtrMultpleBlockEncryption}. */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryptionTest {
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void decryptEncryptedData_nonBlockSizeAligned_mustEqualToPlaintext() throws Exception {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] plaintext = "Someone's Google Headphone 2019".getBytes(UTF_8); // The length is 31.
+
+        byte[] encrypted = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, plaintext);
+        byte[] decrypted = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.decrypt(secret, encrypted);
+
+        assertThat(decrypted).isEqualTo(plaintext);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void decryptEncryptedData_blockSizeAligned_mustEqualToPlaintext() throws Exception {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] plaintext =
+                // The length is 32.
+                base16().decode("0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF");
+
+        byte[] encrypted = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, plaintext);
+        byte[] decrypted = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.decrypt(secret, encrypted);
+
+        assertThat(decrypted).isEqualTo(plaintext);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void generateNonceTwice_mustBeDifferent() {
+        byte[] nonce1 = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateNonce();
+        byte[] nonce2 = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateNonce();
+
+        assertThat(nonce1).isNotEqualTo(nonce2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void encryptedSamePlaintext_mustBeDifferentEncryptedResult() throws Exception {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] plaintext = "Someone's Google Headphone 2019".getBytes(UTF_8);
+
+        byte[] encrypted1 = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, plaintext);
+        byte[] encrypted2 = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, plaintext);
+
+        assertThat(encrypted1).isNotEqualTo(encrypted2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void encryptData_mustBeDifferentToUnencrypted() throws Exception {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] plaintext = "Someone's Google Headphone 2019".getBytes(UTF_8);
+
+        byte[] encrypted = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, plaintext);
+
+        assertThat(encrypted).isNotEqualTo(plaintext);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputIncorrectKeySizeToEncrypt_mustThrowException() {
+        byte[] secret = new byte[KEY_LENGTH + 1];
+        byte[] plaintext = "Someone's Google Headphone 2019".getBytes(UTF_8);
+
+        IllegalArgumentException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                        () -> AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, plaintext));
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Incorrect key length for encryption, only supports 16-byte AES Key.");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputIncorrectKeySizeToDecrypt_mustThrowException() {
+        byte[] secret = new byte[KEY_LENGTH - 1];
+        byte[] plaintext = "Someone's Google Headphone 2019".getBytes(UTF_8);
+
+        IllegalArgumentException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                        () -> AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.decrypt(secret, plaintext));
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Incorrect key length for encryption, only supports 16-byte AES Key.");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputIncorrectDataSizeToDecrypt_mustThrowException()
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] plaintext = "Someone's Google Headphone 2019".getBytes(UTF_8);
+
+        byte[] encryptedData = Arrays.copyOfRange(
+                AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, plaintext), /*from=*/ 0, NONCE_SIZE);
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.decrypt(secret, encryptedData));
+
+        assertThat(exception).hasMessageThat().contains("Incorrect data length");
+    }
+
+    // Add some random tests that for a certain amount of random plaintext of random length to prove
+    // our encryption/decryption is correct. This is suggested by security team.
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void decryptEncryptedRandomDataForCertainAmount_mustEqualToOriginalData()
+            throws Exception {
+        SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+            int dataLength = random.nextInt(64) + 1;
+            byte[] data = new byte[dataLength];
+            random.nextBytes(data);
+
+            byte[] encrypted = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, data);
+            byte[] decrypted = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.decrypt(secret, encrypted);
+
+            assertThat(decrypted).isEqualTo(data);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Add some random tests that for a certain amount of random plaintext of random length to prove
+    // our encryption is correct. This is suggested by security team.
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void twoDistinctEncryptionOnSameRandomData_mustBeDifferentResult() throws Exception {
+        SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+            int dataLength = random.nextInt(64) + 1;
+            byte[] data = new byte[dataLength];
+            random.nextBytes(data);
+
+            byte[] encrypted1 = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, data);
+            byte[] encrypted2 = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, data);
+
+            assertThat(encrypted1).isNotEqualTo(encrypted2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Adds this test example on spec. Also we can easily change the parameters(e.g. secret, data,
+    // nonce) to clarify test results with partners.
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputTestExampleToEncrypt_getCorrectResult() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = base16().decode("0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF");
+        byte[] nonce = base16().decode("0001020304050607");
+
+        // "Someone's Google Headphone".getBytes(UTF_8) is
+        // base16().decode("536F6D656F6E65277320476F6F676C65204865616470686F6E65");
+        byte[] encryptedData =
+                AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.doAesCtr(
+                        secret,
+                        "Someone's Google Headphone".getBytes(UTF_8),
+                        nonce);
+
+        assertThat(encryptedData)
+                .isEqualTo(base16().decode("EE4A2483738052E44E9B2A145E5DDFAA44B9E5536AF438E1E5C6"));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesEcbSingleBlockEncryptionTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesEcbSingleBlockEncryptionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eccbd01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/AesEcbSingleBlockEncryptionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.google.common.primitives.Bytes;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+/** Unit tests for {@link AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption}. */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class AesEcbSingleBlockEncryptionTest {
+
+    private static final byte[] PLAINTEXT = base16().decode("F30F4E786C59A7BBF3873B5A49BA97EA");
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void encryptDecryptSuccessful() throws Exception {
+        byte[] secret = AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] encrypted = AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, PLAINTEXT);
+        assertThat(encrypted).isNotEqualTo(PLAINTEXT);
+        byte[] decrypted = AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.decrypt(secret, encrypted);
+        assertThat(decrypted).isEqualTo(PLAINTEXT);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void encryptionSizeLimitationEnforced() throws Exception {
+        byte[] secret = AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] largePacket = Bytes.concat(PLAINTEXT, PLAINTEXT);
+        AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.encrypt(secret, largePacket);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void decryptionSizeLimitationEnforced() throws Exception {
+        byte[] secret = AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] largePacket = Bytes.concat(PLAINTEXT, PLAINTEXT);
+        AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.decrypt(secret, largePacket);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAddressTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAddressTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c95558
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAddressTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+/** Unit tests for {@link BluetoothAddress}. */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BluetoothAddressTest {
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void maskBluetoothAddress_whenInputIsNull() {
+        assertThat(BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress(null)).isEqualTo("");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void maskBluetoothAddress_whenInputStringNotMatchFormat() {
+        assertThat(BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress("AA:BB:CC")).isEqualTo("AA:BB:CC");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void maskBluetoothAddress_whenInputStringMatchFormat() {
+        assertThat(BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress("AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF"))
+                .isEqualTo("XX:XX:XX:XX:EE:FF");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void maskBluetoothAddress_whenInputStringContainLowerCaseMatchFormat() {
+        assertThat(BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress("Aa:Bb:cC:dD:eE:Ff"))
+                .isEqualTo("XX:XX:XX:XX:EE:FF");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void maskBluetoothAddress_whenInputBluetoothDevice() {
+        assertThat(
+                BluetoothAddress.maskBluetoothAddress(
+                        BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice("FF:EE:DD:CC:BB:AA")))
+                .isEqualTo("XX:XX:XX:XX:BB:AA");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAudioPairerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAudioPairerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6871024
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothAudioPairerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+/** Unit tests for {@link BluetoothAudioPairer}. */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+public class BluetoothAudioPairerTest extends TestCase {
+
+    private static final byte[] SECRET = new byte[]{3, 0};
+    private static final boolean PRIVATE_INITIAL_PAIRING = false;
+    private static final String EVENT_NAME = "EVENT_NAME";
+    private static final BluetoothDevice BLUETOOTH_DEVICE = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+            .getRemoteDevice("11:22:33:44:55:66");
+    private static final int BOND_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 1;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+
+        initMocks(this);
+        BluetoothAudioPairer.enableTestMode();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testKeyBasedPairingInfoConstructor() {
+        assertThat(new BluetoothAudioPairer.KeyBasedPairingInfo(
+                SECRET,
+                null /* GattConnectionManager */,
+                PRIVATE_INITIAL_PAIRING)).isNotNull();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBluetoothAudioPairerConstructor() {
+        Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext();
+        try {
+            assertThat(new BluetoothAudioPairer(
+                    context,
+                    BLUETOOTH_DEVICE,
+                    Preferences.builder().build(),
+                    new EventLoggerWrapper(new TestEventLogger()),
+                    null /* KeyBasePairingInfo */,
+                    null /*PasskeyConfirmationHandler */,
+                    new TimingLogger(EVENT_NAME, Preferences.builder().build()))).isNotNull();
+        } catch (PairingException e) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void getDevice() {
+        Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext();
+        try {
+            assertThat(new BluetoothAudioPairer(
+                    context,
+                    BLUETOOTH_DEVICE,
+                    Preferences.builder().build(),
+                    new EventLoggerWrapper(new TestEventLogger()),
+                    null /* KeyBasePairingInfo */,
+                    null /*PasskeyConfirmationHandler */,
+                    new TimingLogger(EVENT_NAME, Preferences.builder().build())).getDevice())
+                    .isEqualTo(BLUETOOTH_DEVICE);
+        } catch (PairingException e) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBluetoothAudioPairerUnpairNoCrash() {
+        Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext();
+        try {
+            new BluetoothAudioPairer(
+                    context,
+                    BLUETOOTH_DEVICE,
+                    Preferences.builder().build(),
+                    new EventLoggerWrapper(new TestEventLogger()),
+                    null /* KeyBasePairingInfo */,
+                    null /*PasskeyConfirmationHandler */,
+                    new TimingLogger(EVENT_NAME, Preferences.builder().build())).unpair();
+        } catch (PairingException | InterruptedException | ExecutionException
+                | TimeoutException e) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBluetoothAudioPairerPairNoCrash() {
+        Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext();
+        try {
+            new BluetoothAudioPairer(
+                    context,
+                    BLUETOOTH_DEVICE,
+                    Preferences.builder().setCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(BOND_TIMEOUT_SECONDS).build(),
+                    new EventLoggerWrapper(new TestEventLogger()),
+                    null /* KeyBasePairingInfo */,
+                    null /*PasskeyConfirmationHandler */,
+                    new TimingLogger(EVENT_NAME, Preferences.builder().build())).pair();
+        } catch (PairingException | InterruptedException | ExecutionException
+                | TimeoutException e) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBluetoothAudioPairerConnectNoCrash() {
+        Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext();
+        try {
+            new BluetoothAudioPairer(
+                    context,
+                    BLUETOOTH_DEVICE,
+                    Preferences.builder().setCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(BOND_TIMEOUT_SECONDS).build(),
+                    new EventLoggerWrapper(new TestEventLogger()),
+                    null /* KeyBasePairingInfo */,
+                    null /*PasskeyConfirmationHandler */,
+                    new TimingLogger(EVENT_NAME, Preferences.builder().build()))
+                    .connect(Constants.A2DP_SINK_SERVICE_UUID, true /* enable pairing behavior */);
+        } catch (PairingException | InterruptedException | ExecutionException
+                | TimeoutException | ReflectionException e) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class TestEventLogger implements EventLogger {
+
+        private List<Item> mLogs = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        @Override
+        public void logEventSucceeded(Event event) {
+            mLogs.add(new Item(event));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void logEventFailed(Event event, Exception e) {
+            mLogs.add(new ItemFailed(event, e));
+        }
+
+        List<Item> getErrorLogs() {
+            return mLogs.stream().filter(item -> item instanceof ItemFailed)
+                    .collect(Collectors.toList());
+        }
+
+        List<Item> getLogs() {
+            return mLogs;
+        }
+
+        List<Item> getLast() {
+            return mLogs.subList(mLogs.size() - 1, mLogs.size());
+        }
+
+        BluetoothDevice getDevice() {
+            return Iterables.getLast(mLogs).mEvent.getBluetoothDevice();
+        }
+
+        public static class Item {
+
+            final Event mEvent;
+
+            Item(Event event) {
+                this.mEvent = event;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public String toString() {
+                return "Item{" + "event=" + mEvent + '}';
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static class ItemFailed extends Item {
+
+            final Exception mException;
+
+            ItemFailed(Event event, Exception e) {
+                super(event);
+                this.mException = e;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public String toString() {
+                return "ItemFailed{" + "event=" + mEvent + ", exception=" + mException + '}';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothClassicPairerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothClassicPairerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..48f4b9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothClassicPairerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+public class BluetoothClassicPairerTest {
+    @Mock
+    PasskeyConfirmationHandler mPasskeyConfirmationHandler;
+    private static final BluetoothDevice BLUETOOTH_DEVICE = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+            .getRemoteDevice("11:22:33:44:55:66");
+    private  BluetoothClassicPairer mBluetoothClassicPairer;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        mBluetoothClassicPairer = new BluetoothClassicPairer(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                BLUETOOTH_DEVICE,
+                Preferences.builder().build(),
+                mPasskeyConfirmationHandler);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void pair() throws PairingException {
+        PairingException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        PairingException.class,
+                        () -> mBluetoothClassicPairer.pair());
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("BluetoothClassicPairer, createBond");
+        assertThat(mBluetoothClassicPairer.isPaired()).isFalse();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothUuidsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothUuidsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa977ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BluetoothUuidsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/** Unit tests for {@link BluetoothUuids}. */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BluetoothUuidsTest {
+
+    // According to {@code android.bluetooth.BluetoothUuid}
+    private static final short A2DP_SINK_SHORT_UUID = (short) 0x110B;
+    private static final UUID A2DP_SINK_CHARACTERISTICS =
+            UUID.fromString("0000110B-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
+
+    // According to {go/fastpair-128bit-gatt}, the short uuid locates at the 3rd and 4th bytes based
+    // on the Fast Pair custom GATT characteristics 128-bit UUIDs base -
+    // "FE2C0000-8366-4814-8EB0-01DE32100BEA".
+    private static final short CUSTOM_SHORT_UUID = (short) 0x9487;
+    private static final UUID CUSTOM_CHARACTERISTICS =
+            UUID.fromString("FE2C9487-8366-4814-8EB0-01DE32100BEA");
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void get16BitUuid() {
+        assertThat(BluetoothUuids.get16BitUuid(A2DP_SINK_CHARACTERISTICS))
+                .isEqualTo(A2DP_SINK_SHORT_UUID);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void is16BitUuid() {
+        assertThat(BluetoothUuids.is16BitUuid(A2DP_SINK_CHARACTERISTICS)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void to128BitUuid() {
+        assertThat(BluetoothUuids.to128BitUuid(A2DP_SINK_SHORT_UUID))
+                .isEqualTo(A2DP_SINK_CHARACTERISTICS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void toFastPair128BitUuid() {
+        assertThat(BluetoothUuids.toFastPair128BitUuid(CUSTOM_SHORT_UUID))
+                .isEqualTo(CUSTOM_CHARACTERISTICS);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BytesTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BytesTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9450d60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/BytesTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link Bytes}.
+ */
+public class BytesTest extends TestCase {
+
+    private static final Bytes.Value VALUE1 =
+            new Bytes.Value(new byte[]{1, 2}, ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
+    private static final Bytes.Value VALUE2 =
+            new Bytes.Value(new byte[]{1, 2}, ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
+    private static final Bytes.Value VALUE3 =
+            new Bytes.Value(new byte[]{1, 3}, ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEquals_asExpected()  {
+        assertThat(VALUE1.equals(VALUE2)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNotEquals_asExpected()  {
+        assertThat(VALUE1.equals(VALUE3)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetBytes_asExpected()  {
+        assertThat(Arrays.equals(VALUE1.getBytes(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN), new byte[]{1, 2})).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testToString()  {
+        assertThat(VALUE1.toString()).isEqualTo("0102");
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testReverse()  {
+        assertThat(VALUE1.reverse(new byte[]{1, 2})).isEqualTo(new byte[]{2, 1});
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ConstantsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ConstantsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6684fbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/ConstantsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothUuids.to128BitUuid;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.BluetoothUuids.toFastPair128BitUuid;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattConnection;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link Constants}.
+ */
+public class ConstantsTest extends TestCase {
+
+    private static final int PASSKEY = 32689;
+
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattConnection mMockGattConnection;
+
+    private static final UUID OLD_KEY_BASE_PAIRING_CHARACTERISTICS = to128BitUuid((short) 0x1234);
+
+    private static final UUID NEW_KEY_BASE_PAIRING_CHARACTERISTICS =
+            toFastPair128BitUuid((short) 0x1234);
+
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+        initMocks(this);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getId_whenSupportNewCharacteristics() throws BluetoothException {
+        when(mMockGattConnection.getCharacteristic(any(UUID.class), any(UUID.class)))
+                .thenReturn(new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(NEW_KEY_BASE_PAIRING_CHARACTERISTICS, 0,
+                        0));
+
+        assertThat(KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.getId(mMockGattConnection))
+                .isEqualTo(NEW_KEY_BASE_PAIRING_CHARACTERISTICS);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getId_whenNotSupportNewCharacteristics() throws BluetoothException {
+        // {@link BluetoothGattConnection#getCharacteristic(UUID, UUID)} throws {@link
+        // BluetoothException} if the characteristic not found .
+        when(mMockGattConnection.getCharacteristic(any(UUID.class), any(UUID.class)))
+                .thenThrow(new BluetoothException(""));
+
+        assertThat(KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.getId(mMockGattConnection))
+                .isEqualTo(OLD_KEY_BASE_PAIRING_CHARACTERISTICS);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_accountKeyCharacteristic_notCrash() throws BluetoothException {
+        Constants.FastPairService.AccountKeyCharacteristic.getId(mMockGattConnection);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_additionalDataCharacteristic_notCrash() throws BluetoothException {
+        Constants.FastPairService.AdditionalDataCharacteristic.getId(mMockGattConnection);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_nameCharacteristic_notCrash() throws BluetoothException {
+        Constants.FastPairService.NameCharacteristic.getId(mMockGattConnection);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_passKeyCharacteristic_encryptDecryptSuccessfully()
+            throws java.security.GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+
+        Constants.FastPairService.PasskeyCharacteristic.getId(mMockGattConnection);
+        assertThat(
+                Constants.FastPairService.PasskeyCharacteristic.decrypt(
+                        Constants.FastPairService.PasskeyCharacteristic.Type.SEEKER,
+                        secret,
+                        Constants.FastPairService.PasskeyCharacteristic.encrypt(
+                                Constants.FastPairService.PasskeyCharacteristic.Type.SEEKER,
+                                secret,
+                                PASSKEY))
+        ).isEqualTo(PASSKEY);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_beaconActionsCharacteristic_notCrash() throws BluetoothException {
+        Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic.getId(mMockGattConnection);
+        for (byte b : ImmutableList.of(
+                (byte) Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic.BeaconActionType
+                        .READ_BEACON_PARAMETERS,
+                (byte) Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic.BeaconActionType
+                        .READ_PROVISIONING_STATE,
+                (byte) Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic.BeaconActionType
+                        .SET_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY,
+                (byte) Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic.BeaconActionType
+                        .CLEAR_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY,
+                (byte) Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic.BeaconActionType
+                        .READ_EPHEMERAL_IDENTITY_KEY,
+                (byte) Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic.BeaconActionType
+                        .RING,
+                (byte) Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic.BeaconActionType
+                        .READ_RINGING_STATE,
+                (byte) Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic.BeaconActionType
+                        .UNKNOWN
+        )) {
+            assertThat(Constants.FastPairService.BeaconActionsCharacteristic
+                    .valueOf(b)).isEqualTo(b);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/CreateBondExceptionTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/CreateBondExceptionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..052e696
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/CreateBondExceptionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link CreateBondException}.
+ */
+public class CreateBondExceptionTest extends TestCase {
+
+    private static final String FORMAT = "FORMAT";
+    private static final int REASON = 0;
+    private static final CreateBondException EXCEPTION = new CreateBondException(
+            FastPairEventIntDefs.CreateBondErrorCode.INCORRECT_VARIANT, REASON, FORMAT);
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getter_asExpected() throws BluetoothException {
+        assertThat(EXCEPTION.getErrorCode()).isEqualTo(
+                FastPairEventIntDefs.CreateBondErrorCode.INCORRECT_VARIANT);
+        assertThat(EXCEPTION.getReason()).isSameInstanceAs(REASON);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/DeviceIntentReceiverTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/DeviceIntentReceiverTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94bf111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/DeviceIntentReceiverTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link DeviceIntentReceiver}.
+ */
+public class DeviceIntentReceiverTest extends TestCase {
+    @Mock Preferences mPreferences;
+    @Mock BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice;
+
+    private DeviceIntentReceiver mDeviceIntentReceiver;
+    private Intent mIntent;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+        initMocks(this);
+
+        Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext();
+        mDeviceIntentReceiver = DeviceIntentReceiver.oneShotReceiver(
+                context, mPreferences, mBluetoothDevice);
+
+        mIntent = new Intent().putExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE, mBluetoothDevice);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_onReceive_notCrash() throws Exception {
+        mDeviceIntentReceiver.onReceive(mIntent);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchangeTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchangeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3719783
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchangeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base64;
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchangeTest {
+
+    public static final byte[] ANTI_SPOOF_PUBLIC_KEY = base64().decode(
+            "d2JTfvfdS6u7LmGfMOmco3C7ra3lW1k17AOly0LrBydDZURacfTYIMmo5K1ejfD9e8b6qHs"
+                    + "DTNzselhifi10kQ==");
+    public static final byte[] ANTI_SPOOF_PRIVATE_KEY =
+            base64().decode("Rn9GbLRPQTFc2O7WFVGkydzcUS9Tuj7R9rLh6EpLtuU=");
+
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void generateCommonKey() throws Exception {
+        EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange bob = EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.create();
+        EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange alice = EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.create();
+
+        assertThat(bob.getPublicKey()).isNotEqualTo(alice.getPublicKey());
+        assertThat(bob.getPrivateKey()).isNotEqualTo(alice.getPrivateKey());
+
+        assertThat(bob.generateSecret(alice.getPublicKey()))
+                .isEqualTo(alice.generateSecret(bob.getPublicKey()));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void generateCommonKey_withExistingPrivateKey() throws Exception {
+        EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange bob = EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.create();
+        EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange alice =
+                EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.create(ANTI_SPOOF_PRIVATE_KEY);
+
+        assertThat(alice.generateSecret(bob.getPublicKey()))
+                .isEqualTo(bob.generateSecret(ANTI_SPOOF_PUBLIC_KEY));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void generateCommonKey_soundcoreAntiSpoofingKey_generatedTooShort() throws Exception {
+        // This soundcore device has a public key that was generated which starts with 0x0. This was
+        // stripped out in our database, but this test confirms that adding that byte back fixes the
+        // issue and allows the generated secrets to match each other.
+        byte[] soundCorePublicKey = concat(new byte[]{0}, base64().decode(
+                "EYapuIsyw/nwHAdMxr12FCtAi4gY3EtuW06JuKDg4SA76IoIDVeol2vsGKy0Ea2Z00"
+                        + "ArOTiBDsk0L+4Xo9AA"));
+        byte[] soundCorePrivateKey = base64()
+                .decode("lW5idsrfX7cBC8kO/kKn3w3GXirqt9KnJoqXUcOMhjM=");
+        EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange bob = EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.create();
+        EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange alice =
+                EllipticCurveDiffieHellmanExchange.create(soundCorePrivateKey);
+
+        assertThat(alice.generateSecret(bob.getPublicKey()))
+                .isEqualTo(bob.generateSecret(soundCorePublicKey));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EventTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EventTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b63ad0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/EventTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link Event}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class EventTest {
+
+    private static final String EXCEPTION_MESSAGE = "Test exception";
+    private static final long TIMESTAMP = 1234L;
+    private static final @EventCode int EVENT_CODE = EventCode.CREATE_BOND;
+    private static final BluetoothDevice BLUETOOTH_DEVICE = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+            .getRemoteDevice("11:22:33:44:55:66");
+    private static final Short PROFILE = (short) 1;
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void createAndReadFromParcel() {
+        Event event =
+                Event.builder()
+                        .setException(new Exception(EXCEPTION_MESSAGE))
+                        .setTimestamp(TIMESTAMP)
+                        .setEventCode(EVENT_CODE)
+                        .setBluetoothDevice(BLUETOOTH_DEVICE)
+                        .setProfile(PROFILE)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(event.hasBluetoothDevice()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(event.hasProfile()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(event.isFailure()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(event.toString()).isEqualTo(
+                "Event{eventCode=1120, timestamp=1234, profile=1, "
+                        + "bluetoothDevice=11:22:33:44:55:66, "
+                        + "exception=java.lang.Exception: Test exception}");
+
+        Parcel parcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        event.writeToParcel(parcel, event.describeContents());
+        parcel.setDataPosition(0);
+        Event result = Event.CREATOR.createFromParcel(parcel);
+
+        assertThat(result.getException()).hasMessageThat()
+                .isEqualTo(event.getException().getMessage());
+        assertThat(result.getTimestamp()).isEqualTo(event.getTimestamp());
+        assertThat(result.getEventCode()).isEqualTo(event.getEventCode());
+        assertThat(result.getBluetoothDevice()).isEqualTo(event.getBluetoothDevice());
+        assertThat(result.getProfile()).isEqualTo(event.getProfile());
+        assertThat(result.equals(event)).isTrue();
+
+        assertThat(Event.CREATOR.newArray(10)).isNotEmpty();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairDualConnectionTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairDualConnectionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..63c39b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairDualConnectionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairDualConnection.GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS_ROTATED;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairDualConnection.GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairDualConnection.GATT_ERROR_CODE_TIMEOUT;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairDualConnection.appendMoreErrorCode;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyBoolean;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyShort;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.BluetoothOperationTimeoutException;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link FastPairDualConnection}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+public class FastPairDualConnectionTest extends TestCase {
+
+    private static final String BLE_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:FF:EE";
+    private static final String MASKED_BLE_ADDRESS = "MASKED_BLE_ADDRESS";
+    private static final short[] PROFILES = {Constants.A2DP_SINK_SERVICE_UUID};
+    private static final int NUM_CONNECTION_ATTEMPTS = 1;
+    private static final boolean ENABLE_PAIRING_BEHAVIOR = true;
+    private static final BluetoothDevice BLUETOOTH_DEVICE = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter()
+            .getRemoteDevice("11:22:33:44:55:66");
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "DEVICE_NAME";
+    private static final byte[] ACCOUNT_KEY = new byte[]{1, 3};
+    private static final byte[] HASH_VALUE = new byte[]{7};
+
+    private TestEventLogger mEventLogger;
+    @Mock private TimingLogger mTimingLogger;
+    @Mock private BluetoothAudioPairer mBluetoothAudioPairer;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
+    @Mock FastPairDualConnection mFastPairDualConnection;
+
+    @Override
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+
+        BluetoothAudioPairer.enableTestMode();
+        FastPairDualConnection.enableTestMode();
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+
+        doNothing().when(mBluetoothAudioPairer).connect(anyShort(), anyBoolean());
+        mEventLogger = new TestEventLogger();
+    }
+
+    private FastPairDualConnection newFastPairDualConnection(
+            String bleAddress, Preferences.Builder prefsBuilder) {
+        return new FastPairDualConnection(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                bleAddress,
+                prefsBuilder.build(),
+                mEventLogger,
+                mTimingLogger);
+    }
+
+    private FastPairDualConnection newFastPairDualConnection2(
+            String bleAddress, Preferences.Builder prefsBuilder) {
+        return new FastPairDualConnection(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                bleAddress,
+                prefsBuilder.build(),
+                mEventLogger);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testFastPairDualConnectionConstructor() {
+        assertThat(newFastPairDualConnection(BLE_ADDRESS, Preferences.builder())).isNotNull();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testFastPairDualConnectionConstructor2() {
+        assertThat(newFastPairDualConnection2(BLE_ADDRESS, Preferences.builder())).isNotNull();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testAttemptConnectProfiles() {
+        try {
+            new FastPairDualConnection(
+                    ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                    BLE_ADDRESS,
+                    Preferences.builder().build(),
+                    mEventLogger,
+                    mTimingLogger)
+                    .attemptConnectProfiles(
+                            mBluetoothAudioPairer,
+                            MASKED_BLE_ADDRESS,
+                            PROFILES,
+                            NUM_CONNECTION_ATTEMPTS,
+                            ENABLE_PAIRING_BEHAVIOR);
+        } catch (PairingException e) {
+            // Mocked pair doesn't throw Pairing Exception.
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testAppendMoreErrorCode_gattError() {
+        assertThat(
+                appendMoreErrorCode(
+                        GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS_ROTATED,
+                        new BluetoothGattException("Test", 133)))
+                .isEqualTo(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS_ROTATED + 133);
+        assertThat(
+                appendMoreErrorCode(
+                        GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS_ROTATED,
+                        new BluetoothGattException("Test", 257)))
+                .isEqualTo(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS_ROTATED + 257);
+        assertThat(
+                appendMoreErrorCode(
+                        GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS_ROTATED, new BluetoothException("Test")))
+                .isEqualTo(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS_ROTATED);
+        assertThat(
+                appendMoreErrorCode(
+                        GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS_ROTATED,
+                        new BluetoothOperationTimeoutException("Test")))
+                .isEqualTo(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS_ROTATED + GATT_ERROR_CODE_TIMEOUT);
+        assertThat(
+                appendMoreErrorCode(
+                        GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST,
+                        new BluetoothGattException("Test", 41)))
+                .isEqualTo(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST + 41);
+        assertThat(
+                appendMoreErrorCode(
+                        GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST,
+                        new BluetoothGattException("Test", 788)))
+                .isEqualTo(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST + 788);
+        assertThat(
+                appendMoreErrorCode(
+                        GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST, new BluetoothException("Test")))
+                .isEqualTo(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST);
+        assertThat(
+                appendMoreErrorCode(
+                        GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST,
+                        new BluetoothOperationTimeoutException("Test")))
+                .isEqualTo(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST + GATT_ERROR_CODE_TIMEOUT);
+        assertThat(appendMoreErrorCode(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST, /* cause= */ null))
+                .isEqualTo(GATT_ERROR_CODE_FAST_PAIR_SIGNAL_LOST);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testUnpairNotCrash() {
+        try {
+            new FastPairDualConnection(
+                    ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                    BLE_ADDRESS,
+                    Preferences.builder().build(),
+                    mEventLogger,
+                    mTimingLogger).unpair(BLUETOOTH_DEVICE);
+        } catch (ExecutionException | InterruptedException | ReflectionException
+                | TimeoutException | PairingException e) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSetFastPairHistory() {
+        new FastPairDualConnection(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                BLE_ADDRESS,
+                Preferences.builder().build(),
+                mEventLogger,
+                mTimingLogger).setFastPairHistory(ImmutableList.of());
+    }
+
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSetGetProviderDeviceName() {
+        FastPairDualConnection connection = new FastPairDualConnection(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                BLE_ADDRESS,
+                Preferences.builder().build(),
+                mEventLogger,
+                mTimingLogger);
+        connection.setProviderDeviceName(DEVICE_NAME);
+        connection.getProviderDeviceName();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetExistingAccountKey() {
+        FastPairDualConnection connection = new FastPairDualConnection(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                BLE_ADDRESS,
+                Preferences.builder().build(),
+                mEventLogger,
+                mTimingLogger);
+        connection.getExistingAccountKey();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testPair() {
+        FastPairDualConnection connection = new FastPairDualConnection(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                BLE_ADDRESS,
+                Preferences.builder().setNumSdpAttempts(0)
+                        .setLogPairWithCachedModelId(false).build(),
+                mEventLogger,
+                mTimingLogger);
+        try {
+            connection.pair();
+        } catch (BluetoothException | InterruptedException | ReflectionException
+                | ExecutionException | TimeoutException | PairingException e) {
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetPublicAddress() {
+        FastPairDualConnection connection = new FastPairDualConnection(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                BLE_ADDRESS,
+                Preferences.builder().setNumSdpAttempts(0)
+                        .setLogPairWithCachedModelId(false).build(),
+                mEventLogger,
+                mTimingLogger);
+        connection.getPublicAddress();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testShouldWriteAccountKeyForExistingCase() {
+        FastPairDualConnection connection = new FastPairDualConnection(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                BLE_ADDRESS,
+                Preferences.builder().setNumSdpAttempts(0)
+                        .setLogPairWithCachedModelId(false).build(),
+                mEventLogger,
+                mTimingLogger);
+        connection.shouldWriteAccountKeyForExistingCase(ACCOUNT_KEY);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testReadFirmwareVersion() {
+        FastPairDualConnection connection = new FastPairDualConnection(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                BLE_ADDRESS,
+                Preferences.builder().setNumSdpAttempts(0)
+                        .setLogPairWithCachedModelId(false).build(),
+                mEventLogger,
+                mTimingLogger);
+        try {
+            connection.readFirmwareVersion();
+        } catch (BluetoothException | InterruptedException | ExecutionException
+                | TimeoutException e) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testReflectionException()
+            throws BluetoothException, ReflectionException, ExecutionException,
+            InterruptedException, PairingException, TimeoutException {
+        when(mFastPairDualConnection.pair())
+                .thenThrow(new ReflectionException(
+                        new NoSuchMethodException("testReflectionException")));
+        ReflectionException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        ReflectionException.class,
+                        () -> mFastPairDualConnection.pair());
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("testReflectionException");
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHistoryItem() {
+        FastPairDualConnection connection = new FastPairDualConnection(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                BLE_ADDRESS,
+                Preferences.builder().setNumSdpAttempts(0)
+                        .setLogPairWithCachedModelId(false).build(),
+                mEventLogger,
+                mTimingLogger);
+        ImmutableList.Builder<FastPairHistoryItem> historyBuilder = ImmutableList.builder();
+        FastPairHistoryItem historyItem1 =
+                FastPairHistoryItem.create(
+                        ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY), ByteString.copyFrom(HASH_VALUE));
+        historyBuilder.add(historyItem1);
+
+        connection.setFastPairHistory(historyBuilder.build());
+        assertThat(connection.mPairedHistoryFinder.isInPairedHistory("11:22:33:44:55:88"))
+                .isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetLeState() throws ReflectionException {
+        FastPairDualConnection.getLeState(mBluetoothAdapter);
+    }
+
+    static class TestEventLogger implements EventLogger {
+
+        private List<Item> mLogs = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        @Override
+        public void logEventSucceeded(Event event) {
+            mLogs.add(new Item(event));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void logEventFailed(Event event, Exception e) {
+            mLogs.add(new ItemFailed(event, e));
+        }
+
+        List<Item> getErrorLogs() {
+            return mLogs.stream().filter(item -> item instanceof ItemFailed)
+                    .collect(Collectors.toList());
+        }
+
+        List<Item> getLogs() {
+            return mLogs;
+        }
+
+        List<Item> getLast() {
+            return mLogs.subList(mLogs.size() - 1, mLogs.size());
+        }
+
+        BluetoothDevice getDevice() {
+            return Iterables.getLast(mLogs).mEvent.getBluetoothDevice();
+        }
+
+        public static class Item {
+
+            final Event mEvent;
+
+            Item(Event event) {
+                this.mEvent = event;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public String toString() {
+                return "Item{" + "event=" + mEvent + '}';
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static class ItemFailed extends Item {
+
+            final Exception mException;
+
+            ItemFailed(Event event, Exception e) {
+                super(event);
+                this.mException = e;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public String toString() {
+                return "ItemFailed{" + "event=" + mEvent + ", exception=" + mException + '}';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairHistoryItemTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairHistoryItemTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b47fd89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/FastPairHistoryItemTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.google.common.hash.Hashing;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link FastPairHistoryItem}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class FastPairHistoryItemTest {
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputMatchedPublicAddress_isMatchedReturnTrue() {
+        final byte[] accountKey = base16().decode("0123456789ABCDEF");
+        final byte[] publicAddress = BluetoothAddress.decode("11:22:33:44:55:66");
+        final byte[] hashValue =
+                Hashing.sha256().hashBytes(concat(accountKey, publicAddress)).asBytes();
+
+        FastPairHistoryItem historyItem =
+                FastPairHistoryItem
+                        .create(ByteString.copyFrom(accountKey), ByteString.copyFrom(hashValue));
+
+        assertThat(historyItem.isMatched(publicAddress)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputNotMatchedPublicAddress_isMatchedReturnFalse() {
+        final byte[] accountKey = base16().decode("0123456789ABCDEF");
+        final byte[] publicAddress1 = BluetoothAddress.decode("11:22:33:44:55:66");
+        final byte[] publicAddress2 = BluetoothAddress.decode("11:22:33:44:55:77");
+        final byte[] hashValue =
+                Hashing.sha256().hashBytes(concat(accountKey, publicAddress1)).asBytes();
+
+        FastPairHistoryItem historyItem =
+                FastPairHistoryItem
+                        .create(ByteString.copyFrom(accountKey), ByteString.copyFrom(hashValue));
+
+        assertThat(historyItem.isMatched(publicAddress2)).isFalse();
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/GattConnectionManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/GattConnectionManagerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f80a30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/GattConnectionManagerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.BluetoothOperationTimeoutException;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link GattConnectionManager}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+public class GattConnectionManagerTest extends TestCase {
+
+    private static final String FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS = "BB:BB:BB:BB:BB:1E";
+
+    @Override
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+
+        GattConnectionManager.enableTestMode();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGattConnectionManagerConstructor() throws Exception {
+        GattConnectionManager manager = createManager(Preferences.builder());
+        try {
+            manager.getConnection();
+        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testIsNoRetryError() {
+        Preferences preferences =
+                Preferences.builder()
+                        .setGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError(
+                                ImmutableSet.of(257, 999))
+                        .build();
+
+        assertThat(
+                GattConnectionManager.isNoRetryError(
+                        preferences, new BluetoothGattException("Test", 133)))
+                .isFalse();
+        assertThat(
+                GattConnectionManager.isNoRetryError(
+                        preferences, new BluetoothGattException("Test", 257)))
+                .isTrue();
+        assertThat(
+                GattConnectionManager.isNoRetryError(
+                        preferences, new BluetoothGattException("Test", 999)))
+                .isTrue();
+        assertThat(GattConnectionManager.isNoRetryError(
+                preferences, new BluetoothException("Test")))
+                .isFalse();
+        assertThat(
+                GattConnectionManager.isNoRetryError(
+                        preferences, new BluetoothOperationTimeoutException("Test")))
+                .isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetTimeoutNotOverShortRetryMaxSpentTimeGetShort() {
+        Preferences preferences = Preferences.builder().build();
+
+        assertThat(
+                createManager(Preferences.builder(), () -> {})
+                        .getTimeoutMs(
+                                preferences.getGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() - 1))
+                .isEqualTo(preferences.getGattConnectShortTimeoutMs());
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetTimeoutOverShortRetryMaxSpentTimeGetLong() {
+        Preferences preferences = Preferences.builder().build();
+
+        assertThat(
+                createManager(Preferences.builder(), () -> {})
+                        .getTimeoutMs(
+                                preferences.getGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() + 1))
+                .isEqualTo(preferences.getGattConnectLongTimeoutMs());
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetTimeoutRetryNotEnabledGetOrigin() {
+        Preferences preferences = Preferences.builder().build();
+
+        assertThat(
+                createManager(
+                        Preferences.builder().setRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake(false),
+                        () -> {})
+                        .getTimeoutMs(0))
+                .isEqualTo(Duration.ofSeconds(
+                        preferences.getGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds()).toMillis());
+    }
+
+    private GattConnectionManager createManager(Preferences.Builder prefs) {
+        return createManager(prefs, () -> {});
+    }
+
+    private GattConnectionManager createManager(
+            Preferences.Builder prefs, ToggleBluetoothTask toggleBluetooth) {
+        return createManager(prefs, toggleBluetooth,
+                /* fastPairSignalChecker= */ null);
+    }
+
+    private GattConnectionManager createManager(
+            Preferences.Builder prefs,
+            ToggleBluetoothTask toggleBluetooth,
+            @Nullable FastPairConnection.FastPairSignalChecker fastPairSignalChecker) {
+        return new GattConnectionManager(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                prefs.build(),
+                new EventLoggerWrapper(null),
+                BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(),
+                toggleBluetooth,
+                FAST_PAIR_ADDRESS,
+                new TimingLogger("GattConnectionManager", prefs.build()),
+                fastPairSignalChecker,
+                /* setMtu= */ false);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HandshakeHandlerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HandshakeHandlerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e53e60f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HandshakeHandlerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,524 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.ActionOverBleFlag.ADDITIONAL_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.ActionOverBleFlag.DEVICE_ACTION;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.PROVIDER_INITIATES_BONDING;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.REQUEST_DEVICE_NAME;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.KeyBasedPairingRequestFlag.REQUEST_RETROACTIVE_PAIR;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request.ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_INDEX;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyLong;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+import androidx.core.util.Consumer;
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.AdditionalDataCharacteristic.AdditionalDataType;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic.Request;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor;
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.NearbyEventIntDefs;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.InOrder;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link HandshakeHandler}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class HandshakeHandlerTest {
+
+    public static final byte[] PUBLIC_KEY =
+            BaseEncoding.base64().decode(
+                    "d2JTfvfdS6u7LmGfMOmco3C7ra3lW1k17AOly0LrBydDZURacfTY"
+                            + "IMmo5K1ejfD9e8b6qHsDTNzselhifi10kQ==");
+    private static final String SEEKER_ADDRESS = "A1:A2:A3:A4:A5:A6";
+    private static final String PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS = "11:22:33:44:55:66";
+    /**
+     * The random-resolvable private address (RPA) is sometimes used when advertising over BLE, to
+     * hide the static public address (otherwise, the Fast Pair device would b
+     * identifiable/trackable whenever it's BLE advertising).
+     */
+    private static final String RANDOM_PRIVATE_ADDRESS = "BB:BB:BB:BB:BB:1E";
+    private static final byte[] SHARED_SECRET =
+            BaseEncoding.base16().decode("0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF");
+
+    @Mock EventLoggerWrapper mEventLoggerWrapper;
+    @Mock BluetoothGattConnection mBluetoothGattConnection;
+    @Mock BluetoothGattConnection.ChangeObserver mChangeObserver;
+    @Mock private Consumer<Integer> mRescueFromError;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void handshakeGattError_noRetryError_failed() throws BluetoothException {
+        HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest keyBasedPairingRequest =
+                new HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest.Builder()
+                        .setVerificationData(BluetoothAddress.decode(PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS))
+                        .build();
+        BluetoothGattException exception =
+                new BluetoothGattException("Exception for no retry", 257);
+        when(mChangeObserver.waitForUpdate(anyLong())).thenThrow(exception);
+        GattConnectionManager gattConnectionManager =
+                createGattConnectionManager(Preferences.builder(), () -> {});
+        gattConnectionManager.setGattConnection(mBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mBluetoothGattConnection.enableNotification(any(), any()))
+                .thenReturn(mChangeObserver);
+        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mEventLoggerWrapper);
+
+        assertThrows(
+                BluetoothGattException.class,
+                () ->
+                        getHandshakeHandler(gattConnectionManager, address -> address)
+                                .doHandshakeWithRetryAndSignalLostCheck(
+                                        PUBLIC_KEY,
+                                        keyBasedPairingRequest,
+                                        mRescueFromError));
+
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper).setCurrentEvent(
+                NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE_GATT_COMMUNICATION);
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper).logCurrentEventFailed(exception);
+        inOrder.verifyNoMoreInteractions();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void handshakeGattError_retryAndNoCount_throwException() throws BluetoothException {
+        HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest keyBasedPairingRequest =
+                new HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest.Builder()
+                        .setVerificationData(BluetoothAddress.decode(PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS))
+                        .build();
+        BluetoothGattException exception = new BluetoothGattException("Exception for retry", 133);
+        when(mChangeObserver.waitForUpdate(anyLong())).thenThrow(exception);
+        GattConnectionManager gattConnectionManager =
+                createGattConnectionManager(Preferences.builder(), () -> {});
+        gattConnectionManager.setGattConnection(mBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mBluetoothGattConnection.enableNotification(any(), any()))
+                .thenReturn(mChangeObserver);
+        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mEventLoggerWrapper);
+
+        HandshakeHandler.HandshakeException handshakeException =
+                assertThrows(
+                        HandshakeHandler.HandshakeException.class,
+                        () -> getHandshakeHandler(gattConnectionManager, address -> address)
+                                .doHandshakeWithRetryAndSignalLostCheck(
+                                        PUBLIC_KEY, keyBasedPairingRequest, mRescueFromError));
+
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper)
+                .setCurrentEvent(NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE_GATT_COMMUNICATION);
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper).logCurrentEventFailed(exception);
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper)
+                .setCurrentEvent(NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE_GATT_COMMUNICATION);
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper).logCurrentEventFailed(exception);
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper)
+                .setCurrentEvent(NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE_GATT_COMMUNICATION);
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper).logCurrentEventFailed(exception);
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper)
+                .setCurrentEvent(NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE_GATT_COMMUNICATION);
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper).logCurrentEventFailed(exception);
+        inOrder.verifyNoMoreInteractions();
+        assertThat(handshakeException.getOriginalException()).isEqualTo(exception);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void handshakeGattError_noRetryOnTimeout_throwException() throws BluetoothException {
+        HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest keyBasedPairingRequest =
+                new HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest.Builder()
+                        .setVerificationData(BluetoothAddress.decode(PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS))
+                        .build();
+        BluetoothOperationExecutor.BluetoothOperationTimeoutException exception =
+                new BluetoothOperationExecutor.BluetoothOperationTimeoutException("Test timeout");
+        when(mChangeObserver.waitForUpdate(anyLong())).thenThrow(exception);
+        GattConnectionManager gattConnectionManager =
+                createGattConnectionManager(Preferences.builder(), () -> {});
+        gattConnectionManager.setGattConnection(mBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mBluetoothGattConnection.enableNotification(any(), any()))
+                .thenReturn(mChangeObserver);
+        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mEventLoggerWrapper);
+
+        assertThrows(
+                HandshakeHandler.HandshakeException.class,
+                () ->
+                        new HandshakeHandler(
+                                gattConnectionManager,
+                                PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS,
+                                Preferences.builder().setRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout(false).build(),
+                                mEventLoggerWrapper,
+                                address -> address)
+                                .doHandshakeWithRetryAndSignalLostCheck(
+                                        PUBLIC_KEY, keyBasedPairingRequest, mRescueFromError));
+
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper)
+                .setCurrentEvent(NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE_GATT_COMMUNICATION);
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper).logCurrentEventFailed(exception);
+        inOrder.verifyNoMoreInteractions();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void handshakeGattError_signalLost() throws BluetoothException {
+        HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest keyBasedPairingRequest =
+                new HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest.Builder()
+                        .setVerificationData(BluetoothAddress.decode(PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS))
+                        .build();
+        BluetoothGattException exception = new BluetoothGattException("Exception for retry", 133);
+        when(mChangeObserver.waitForUpdate(anyLong())).thenThrow(exception);
+        GattConnectionManager gattConnectionManager =
+                createGattConnectionManager(Preferences.builder(), () -> {});
+        gattConnectionManager.setGattConnection(mBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mBluetoothGattConnection.enableNotification(any(), any()))
+                .thenReturn(mChangeObserver);
+        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mEventLoggerWrapper);
+
+        SignalLostException signalLostException =
+                assertThrows(
+                        SignalLostException.class,
+                        () -> getHandshakeHandler(gattConnectionManager, address -> null)
+                                .doHandshakeWithRetryAndSignalLostCheck(
+                                        PUBLIC_KEY, keyBasedPairingRequest, mRescueFromError));
+
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper)
+                .setCurrentEvent(NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE_GATT_COMMUNICATION);
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper).logCurrentEventFailed(exception);
+        assertThat(signalLostException).hasCauseThat().isEqualTo(exception);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void handshakeGattError_addressRotate() throws BluetoothException {
+        HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest keyBasedPairingRequest =
+                new HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest.Builder()
+                        .setVerificationData(BluetoothAddress.decode(PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS))
+                        .build();
+        BluetoothGattException exception = new BluetoothGattException("Exception for retry", 133);
+        when(mChangeObserver.waitForUpdate(anyLong())).thenThrow(exception);
+        GattConnectionManager gattConnectionManager =
+                createGattConnectionManager(Preferences.builder(), () -> {});
+        gattConnectionManager.setGattConnection(mBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mBluetoothGattConnection.enableNotification(any(), any()))
+                .thenReturn(mChangeObserver);
+        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mEventLoggerWrapper);
+
+        SignalRotatedException signalRotatedException =
+                assertThrows(
+                        SignalRotatedException.class,
+                        () -> getHandshakeHandler(
+                                gattConnectionManager, address -> "AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF")
+                                .doHandshakeWithRetryAndSignalLostCheck(
+                                        PUBLIC_KEY, keyBasedPairingRequest, mRescueFromError));
+
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper).setCurrentEvent(
+                NearbyEventIntDefs.EventCode.SECRET_HANDSHAKE_GATT_COMMUNICATION);
+        inOrder.verify(mEventLoggerWrapper).logCurrentEventFailed(exception);
+        assertThat(signalRotatedException.getNewAddress()).isEqualTo("AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF");
+        assertThat(signalRotatedException).hasCauseThat().isEqualTo(exception);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void constructBytes_setRetroactiveFlag_decodeCorrectly() throws
+            GeneralSecurityException {
+        HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest keyBasedPairingRequest =
+                new HandshakeHandler.KeyBasedPairingRequest.Builder()
+                        .setVerificationData(BluetoothAddress.decode(PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS))
+                        .addFlag(REQUEST_RETROACTIVE_PAIR)
+                        .setSeekerPublicAddress(BluetoothAddress.decode(SEEKER_ADDRESS))
+                        .build();
+
+        byte[] encryptedRawMessage =
+                AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.encrypt(
+                        SHARED_SECRET, keyBasedPairingRequest.getBytes());
+        HandshakeRequest handshakeRequest =
+                new HandshakeRequest(SHARED_SECRET, encryptedRawMessage);
+
+        assertThat(handshakeRequest.getType())
+                .isEqualTo(HandshakeRequest.Type.KEY_BASED_PAIRING_REQUEST);
+        assertThat(handshakeRequest.requestRetroactivePair()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(handshakeRequest.getVerificationData())
+                .isEqualTo(BluetoothAddress.decode(PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS));
+        assertThat(handshakeRequest.getSeekerPublicAddress())
+                .isEqualTo(BluetoothAddress.decode(SEEKER_ADDRESS));
+        assertThat(handshakeRequest.requestDeviceName()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(handshakeRequest.requestDiscoverable()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(handshakeRequest.requestProviderInitialBonding()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void getTimeout_notOverShortRetryMaxSpentTime_getShort() {
+        Preferences preferences = Preferences.builder().build();
+
+        assertThat(getHandshakeHandler(/* getEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId= */ true)
+                .getTimeoutMs(
+                        preferences.getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()
+                                - 1))
+                .isEqualTo(preferences.getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void getTimeout_overShortRetryMaxSpentTime_getLong() {
+        Preferences preferences = Preferences.builder().build();
+
+        assertThat(getHandshakeHandler(/* getEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId= */ true)
+                .getTimeoutMs(
+                        preferences.getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()
+                                + 1))
+                .isEqualTo(preferences.getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void getTimeout_retryNotEnabled_getOrigin() {
+        Preferences preferences = Preferences.builder().build();
+
+        assertThat(
+                new HandshakeHandler(
+                        createGattConnectionManager(Preferences.builder(), () -> {}),
+                        PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS,
+                        Preferences.builder()
+                                .setRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake(false).build(),
+                        mEventLoggerWrapper,
+                        /* fastPairSignalChecker= */ null)
+                        .getTimeoutMs(0))
+                .isEqualTo(Duration.ofSeconds(
+                        preferences.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds()).toMillis());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void triggersActionOverBle_notCrash() {
+        HandshakeHandler.ActionOverBle.Builder actionOverBleBuilder =
+                new HandshakeHandler.ActionOverBle.Builder()
+                        .addFlag(
+                                Constants.FastPairService.KeyBasedPairingCharacteristic
+                                        .ActionOverBleFlag.ADDITIONAL_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC)
+                        .setVerificationData(BluetoothAddress.decode(RANDOM_PRIVATE_ADDRESS))
+                        .setAdditionalDataType(AdditionalDataType.PERSONALIZED_NAME)
+                        .setEvent(0, 0)
+                        .setEventAdditionalData(new byte[]{1})
+                        .getThis();
+        HandshakeHandler.ActionOverBle actionOverBle = actionOverBleBuilder.build();
+        assertThat(actionOverBle.getBytes().length).isEqualTo(16);
+        assertThat(
+                Arrays.equals(
+                        Arrays.copyOfRange(actionOverBle.getBytes(), 0, 12),
+                        new byte[]{
+                                (byte) 16, (byte)  -64, (byte) -69, (byte) -69,
+                                (byte) -69, (byte)  -69, (byte) -69, (byte) 30,
+                                (byte) 0, (byte) 0, (byte) 1, (byte) 1}))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+
+    private GattConnectionManager createGattConnectionManager(
+            Preferences.Builder prefs, ToggleBluetoothTask toggleBluetooth) {
+        return new GattConnectionManager(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(),
+                prefs.build(),
+                new EventLoggerWrapper(null),
+                BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(),
+                toggleBluetooth,
+                PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS,
+                new TimingLogger("GattConnectionManager", prefs.build()),
+                /* fastPairSignalChecker= */ null,
+                /* setMtu= */ false);
+    }
+
+    private HandshakeHandler getHandshakeHandler(
+            GattConnectionManager gattConnectionManager,
+            @Nullable FastPairConnection.FastPairSignalChecker fastPairSignalChecker) {
+        return new HandshakeHandler(
+                gattConnectionManager,
+                PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS,
+                Preferences.builder()
+                        .setGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError(ImmutableSet.of(257))
+                        .setRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout(true)
+                        .build(),
+                mEventLoggerWrapper,
+                fastPairSignalChecker);
+    }
+
+    private HandshakeHandler getHandshakeHandler(
+            boolean getEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId) {
+        return new HandshakeHandler(
+                createGattConnectionManager(Preferences.builder(), () -> {}),
+                PROVIDER_BLE_ADDRESS,
+                Preferences.builder()
+                        .setGattOperationTimeoutSeconds(5)
+                        .setEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId(
+                                getEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId)
+                        .build(),
+                mEventLoggerWrapper,
+                /* fastPairSignalChecker= */ null);
+    }
+
+    private static class HandshakeRequest {
+
+        /**
+         * 16 bytes data: 1-byte for type, 1-byte for flags, 6-bytes for provider's BLE address, 8
+         * bytes optional data.
+         *
+         * @see {go/fast-pair-spec-handshake-message1}
+         */
+        private final byte[] mDecryptedMessage;
+
+        HandshakeRequest(byte[] key, byte[] encryptedPairingRequest)
+                throws GeneralSecurityException {
+            mDecryptedMessage = AesEcbSingleBlockEncryption.decrypt(key, encryptedPairingRequest);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Gets the type of this handshake request. Currently, we have 2 types: 0x00 for Key-based
+         * Pairing Request and 0x10 for Action Request.
+         */
+        public Type getType() {
+            return Type.valueOf(mDecryptedMessage[Request.TYPE_INDEX]);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Gets verification data of this handshake request.
+         * Currently, we use Provider's BLE address.
+         */
+        public byte[] getVerificationData() {
+            return Arrays.copyOfRange(
+                    mDecryptedMessage,
+                    Request.VERIFICATION_DATA_INDEX,
+                    Request.VERIFICATION_DATA_INDEX + Request.VERIFICATION_DATA_LENGTH);
+        }
+
+        /** Gets Seeker's public address of the handshake request. */
+        public byte[] getSeekerPublicAddress() {
+            return Arrays.copyOfRange(
+                    mDecryptedMessage,
+                    Request.SEEKER_PUBLIC_ADDRESS_INDEX,
+                    Request.SEEKER_PUBLIC_ADDRESS_INDEX + BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS_LENGTH);
+        }
+
+        /** Checks whether the Seeker request discoverability from flags byte. */
+        public boolean requestDiscoverable() {
+            return (getFlags() & REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE) != 0;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Checks whether the Seeker requests that the Provider shall initiate bonding from
+         * flags byte.
+         */
+        public boolean requestProviderInitialBonding() {
+            return (getFlags() & PROVIDER_INITIATES_BONDING) != 0;
+        }
+
+        /** Checks whether the Seeker requests that the Provider shall notify the existing name. */
+        public boolean requestDeviceName() {
+            return (getFlags() & REQUEST_DEVICE_NAME) != 0;
+        }
+
+        /** Checks whether this is for retroactively writing account key. */
+        public boolean requestRetroactivePair() {
+            return (getFlags() & REQUEST_RETROACTIVE_PAIR) != 0;
+        }
+
+        /** Gets the flags of this handshake request. */
+        private byte getFlags() {
+            return mDecryptedMessage[Request.FLAGS_INDEX];
+        }
+
+        /** Checks whether the Seeker requests a device action. */
+        public boolean requestDeviceAction() {
+            return (getFlags() & DEVICE_ACTION) != 0;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Checks whether the Seeker requests an action which will be followed by an additional
+         * data.
+         */
+        public boolean requestFollowedByAdditionalData() {
+            return (getFlags() & ADDITIONAL_DATA_CHARACTERISTIC) != 0;
+        }
+
+        /** Gets the {@link AdditionalDataType} of this handshake request. */
+        @AdditionalDataType
+        public int getAdditionalDataType() {
+            if (!requestFollowedByAdditionalData()
+                    || mDecryptedMessage.length <= ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_INDEX) {
+                return AdditionalDataType.UNKNOWN;
+            }
+            return mDecryptedMessage[ADDITIONAL_DATA_TYPE_INDEX];
+        }
+
+        /** Enumerates the handshake message types. */
+        public enum Type {
+            KEY_BASED_PAIRING_REQUEST(Request.TYPE_KEY_BASED_PAIRING_REQUEST),
+            ACTION_OVER_BLE(Request.TYPE_ACTION_OVER_BLE),
+            UNKNOWN((byte) 0xFF);
+
+            private final byte mValue;
+
+            Type(byte type) {
+                mValue = type;
+            }
+
+            public static Type valueOf(byte value) {
+                for (Type type : Type.values()) {
+                    if (type.getValue() == value) {
+                        return type;
+                    }
+                }
+                return UNKNOWN;
+            }
+
+            public byte getValue() {
+                return mValue;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HeadsetPieceTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HeadsetPieceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32e62a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HeadsetPieceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.net.Uri;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link HeadsetPiece}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class HeadsetPieceTest {
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void parcelAndUnparcel() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece = createDefaultHeadset().build();
+        Parcel expectedParcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        headsetPiece.writeToParcel(expectedParcel, 0);
+        expectedParcel.setDataPosition(0);
+
+        HeadsetPiece fromParcel = HeadsetPiece.CREATOR.createFromParcel(expectedParcel);
+
+        assertThat(fromParcel).isEqualTo(headsetPiece);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void parcelAndUnparcel_nullImageContentUri() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece = createDefaultHeadset().setImageContentUri(null).build();
+        Parcel expectedParcel = Parcel.obtain();
+        headsetPiece.writeToParcel(expectedParcel, 0);
+        expectedParcel.setDataPosition(0);
+
+        HeadsetPiece fromParcel = HeadsetPiece.CREATOR.createFromParcel(expectedParcel);
+
+        assertThat(fromParcel).isEqualTo(headsetPiece);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void equals() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece = createDefaultHeadset().build();
+
+        HeadsetPiece compareTo = createDefaultHeadset().build();
+
+        assertThat(headsetPiece).isEqualTo(compareTo);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void equals_nullImageContentUri() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece = createDefaultHeadset().setImageContentUri(null).build();
+
+        HeadsetPiece compareTo = createDefaultHeadset().setImageContentUri(null).build();
+
+        assertThat(headsetPiece).isEqualTo(compareTo);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void notEquals_differentLowLevelThreshold() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece = createDefaultHeadset().build();
+
+        HeadsetPiece compareTo = createDefaultHeadset().setLowLevelThreshold(1).build();
+
+        assertThat(headsetPiece).isNotEqualTo(compareTo);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void notEquals_differentBatteryLevel() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece = createDefaultHeadset().build();
+
+        HeadsetPiece compareTo = createDefaultHeadset().setBatteryLevel(99).build();
+
+        assertThat(headsetPiece).isNotEqualTo(compareTo);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void notEquals_differentImageUrl() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece = createDefaultHeadset().build();
+
+        HeadsetPiece compareTo =
+                createDefaultHeadset().setImageUrl("http://fake.image.path/different.png").build();
+
+        assertThat(headsetPiece).isNotEqualTo(compareTo);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void notEquals_differentChargingState() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece = createDefaultHeadset().build();
+
+        HeadsetPiece compareTo = createDefaultHeadset().setCharging(false).build();
+
+        assertThat(headsetPiece).isNotEqualTo(compareTo);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void notEquals_differentImageContentUri() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece = createDefaultHeadset().build();
+
+        HeadsetPiece compareTo =
+                createDefaultHeadset().setImageContentUri(Uri.parse("content://different.png"))
+                        .build();
+
+        assertThat(headsetPiece).isNotEqualTo(compareTo);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void notEquals_nullImageContentUri() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece = createDefaultHeadset().build();
+
+        HeadsetPiece compareTo = createDefaultHeadset().setImageContentUri(null).build();
+
+        assertThat(headsetPiece).isNotEqualTo(compareTo);
+    }
+
+    private static HeadsetPiece.Builder createDefaultHeadset() {
+        return HeadsetPiece.builder()
+                .setLowLevelThreshold(30)
+                .setBatteryLevel(18)
+                .setImageUrl("http://fake.image.path/image.png")
+                .setImageContentUri(Uri.parse("content://image.png"))
+                .setCharging(true);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void isLowBattery() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece =
+                HeadsetPiece.builder()
+                        .setLowLevelThreshold(30)
+                        .setBatteryLevel(18)
+                        .setImageUrl("http://fake.image.path/image.png")
+                        .setCharging(false)
+                        .build();
+
+        assertThat(headsetPiece.isBatteryLow()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void isNotLowBattery() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece =
+                HeadsetPiece.builder()
+                        .setLowLevelThreshold(30)
+                        .setBatteryLevel(31)
+                        .setImageUrl("http://fake.image.path/image.png")
+                        .setCharging(false)
+                        .build();
+
+        assertThat(headsetPiece.isBatteryLow()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void isNotLowBattery_whileCharging() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece =
+                HeadsetPiece.builder()
+                        .setLowLevelThreshold(30)
+                        .setBatteryLevel(18)
+                        .setImageUrl("http://fake.image.path/image.png")
+                        .setCharging(true)
+                        .build();
+
+        assertThat(headsetPiece.isBatteryLow()).isFalse();
+    }
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void describeContents() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece =
+                HeadsetPiece.builder()
+                        .setLowLevelThreshold(30)
+                        .setBatteryLevel(18)
+                        .setImageUrl("http://fake.image.path/image.png")
+                        .setCharging(true)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(headsetPiece.describeContents()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void hashcode() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece =
+                HeadsetPiece.builder()
+                        .setLowLevelThreshold(30)
+                        .setBatteryLevel(18)
+                        .setImageUrl("http://fake.image.path/image.png")
+                        .setCharging(true)
+                        .build();
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece1 =
+                HeadsetPiece.builder()
+                        .setLowLevelThreshold(30)
+                        .setBatteryLevel(18)
+                        .setImageUrl("http://fake.image.path/image.png")
+                        .setCharging(true)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(headsetPiece.hashCode()).isEqualTo(headsetPiece1.hashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testToString() {
+        HeadsetPiece headsetPiece =
+                HeadsetPiece.builder()
+                        .setLowLevelThreshold(30)
+                        .setBatteryLevel(18)
+                        .setImageUrl("http://fake.image.path/image.png")
+                        .setCharging(true)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(headsetPiece.toString())
+                .isEqualTo("HeadsetPiece{lowLevelThreshold=30,"
+                        + " batteryLevel=18,"
+                        + " imageUrl=http://fake.image.path/image.png,"
+                        + " charging=true,"
+                        + " imageContentUri=null}");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreatorNewArray() {
+        HeadsetPiece[]  headsetPieces =
+                HeadsetPiece.CREATOR.newArray(2);
+        assertThat(headsetPieces.length).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HmacSha256Test.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HmacSha256Test.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8db3b97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/HmacSha256Test.java
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.KEY_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.HmacSha256.HMAC_SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.hash.Hashing;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link HmacSha256}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class HmacSha256Test {
+
+    private static final int EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE = 8;
+    private static final byte OUTER_PADDING_BYTE = 0x5c;
+    private static final byte INNER_PADDING_BYTE = 0x36;
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void compareResultWithOurImplementation_mustBeIdentical()
+            throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        Random random = new Random(0xFE2C);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+            // Avoid too small data size that may cause false alarm.
+            int dataLength = random.nextInt(64);
+            byte[] data = new byte[dataLength];
+            random.nextBytes(data);
+
+            assertThat(HmacSha256.build(secret, data)).isEqualTo(doHmacSha256(secret, data));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputIncorrectKeySizeToDecrypt_mustThrowException() {
+        byte[] secret = new byte[KEY_LENGTH - 1];
+        byte[] data = base16().decode("1234567890ABCDEF1234567890ABCDEF1234567890ABCD");
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(GeneralSecurityException.class, () -> HmacSha256.build(secret, data));
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Incorrect key length, should be the AES-128 key.");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputTwoIdenticalArrays_compareTwoHmacMustReturnTrue() {
+        Random random = new Random(0x1237);
+        byte[] array1 = new byte[EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE];
+        random.nextBytes(array1);
+        byte[] array2 = Arrays.copyOf(array1, array1.length);
+
+        assertThat(HmacSha256.compareTwoHMACs(array1, array2)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputTwoRandomArrays_compareTwoHmacMustReturnFalse() {
+        Random random = new Random(0xff);
+        byte[] array1 = new byte[EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE];
+        random.nextBytes(array1);
+        byte[] array2 = new byte[EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE];
+        random.nextBytes(array2);
+
+        assertThat(HmacSha256.compareTwoHMACs(array1, array2)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    // HMAC-SHA256 may not be previously defined on Bluetooth platforms, so we explicitly create
+    // the code on test case. This will allow us to easily detect where partner implementation might
+    // have gone wrong or where our spec isn't clear enough.
+    static byte[] doHmacSha256(byte[] key, byte[] data) {
+
+        Preconditions.checkArgument(
+                key != null && key.length == KEY_LENGTH && data != null,
+                "Parameters can't be null.");
+
+        // Performs SHA256(concat((key ^ opad),SHA256(concat((key ^ ipad), data)))), where
+        // key is the given secret extended to 64 bytes by concat(secret, ZEROS).
+        // opad is 64 bytes outer padding, consisting of repeated bytes valued 0x5c.
+        // ipad is 64 bytes inner padding, consisting of repeated bytes valued 0x36.
+        byte[] keyIpad = new byte[HMAC_SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE];
+        byte[] keyOpad = new byte[HMAC_SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < KEY_LENGTH; i++) {
+            keyIpad[i] = (byte) (key[i] ^ INNER_PADDING_BYTE);
+            keyOpad[i] = (byte) (key[i] ^ OUTER_PADDING_BYTE);
+        }
+        Arrays.fill(keyIpad, KEY_LENGTH, HMAC_SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE, INNER_PADDING_BYTE);
+        Arrays.fill(keyOpad, KEY_LENGTH, HMAC_SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE, OUTER_PADDING_BYTE);
+
+        byte[] innerSha256Result = Hashing.sha256().hashBytes(concat(keyIpad, data)).asBytes();
+        return Hashing.sha256().hashBytes(concat(keyOpad, innerSha256Result)).asBytes();
+    }
+
+    // Adds this test example on spec. Also we can easily change the parameters(e.g. secret, data)
+    // to clarify test results with partners.
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputTestExampleToHmacSha256_getCorrectResult() {
+        byte[] secret = base16().decode("0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF");
+        byte[] data =
+                base16().decode(
+                        "0001020304050607EE4A2483738052E44E9B2A145E5DDFAA44B9E5536AF438E1E5C6");
+
+        byte[] hmacResult = doHmacSha256(secret, data);
+
+        assertThat(hmacResult)
+                .isEqualTo(base16().decode(
+                        "55EC5E6055AF6E92618B7D8710D4413709AB5DA27CA26A66F52E5AD4E8209052"));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/LtvTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/LtvTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..81a5d92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/LtvTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link Ltv}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class LtvTest {
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testParseEmpty_throwsException() throws Ltv.ParseException {
+        assertThrows(Ltv.ParseException.class,
+                () -> Ltv.parse(new byte[]{0}));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testParse_finishesSuccessfully() throws Ltv.ParseException {
+        assertThat(Ltv.parse(new byte[]{3, 4, 5, 6})).isNotEmpty();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/MessageStreamHmacEncoderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/MessageStreamHmacEncoderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4c3342
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/MessageStreamHmacEncoderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.MessageStreamHmacEncoder.EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.MessageStreamHmacEncoder.SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH;
+
+import static com.google.common.primitives.Bytes.concat;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link MessageStreamHmacEncoder}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class MessageStreamHmacEncoderTest {
+
+    private static final int ACCOUNT_KEY_LENGTH = 16;
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void encodeMessagePacket() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        int messageLength = 2;
+        SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
+        byte[] accountKey = new byte[ACCOUNT_KEY_LENGTH];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(accountKey);
+        byte[] data = new byte[messageLength];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(data);
+        byte[] sectionNonce = new byte[SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(sectionNonce);
+
+        byte[] result = MessageStreamHmacEncoder
+                .encodeMessagePacket(accountKey, sectionNonce, data);
+
+        assertThat(result).hasLength(messageLength + SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH + EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE);
+        // First bytes are raw message bytes.
+        assertThat(Arrays.copyOf(result, messageLength)).isEqualTo(data);
+        // Following by message nonce.
+        byte[] messageNonce =
+                Arrays.copyOfRange(result, messageLength, messageLength + SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH);
+        byte[] extractedHmac =
+                Arrays.copyOf(
+                        HmacSha256.buildWith64BytesKey(accountKey,
+                                concat(sectionNonce, messageNonce, data)),
+                        EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE);
+        // Finally hash mac.
+        assertThat(Arrays.copyOfRange(result, messageLength + SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH, result.length))
+                .isEqualTo(extractedHmac);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void verifyHmac() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        int messageLength = 2;
+        SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
+        byte[] accountKey = new byte[ACCOUNT_KEY_LENGTH];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(accountKey);
+        byte[] data = new byte[messageLength];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(data);
+        byte[] sectionNonce = new byte[SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(sectionNonce);
+        byte[] result = MessageStreamHmacEncoder
+                .encodeMessagePacket(accountKey, sectionNonce, data);
+
+        assertThat(MessageStreamHmacEncoder.verifyHmac(accountKey, sectionNonce, result)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void verifyHmac_failedByAccountKey() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        int messageLength = 2;
+        SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
+        byte[] accountKey = new byte[ACCOUNT_KEY_LENGTH];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(accountKey);
+        byte[] data = new byte[messageLength];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(data);
+        byte[] sectionNonce = new byte[SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(sectionNonce);
+        byte[] result = MessageStreamHmacEncoder
+                .encodeMessagePacket(accountKey, sectionNonce, data);
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(accountKey);
+
+        assertThat(MessageStreamHmacEncoder.verifyHmac(accountKey, sectionNonce, result)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void verifyHmac_failedBySectionNonce() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        int messageLength = 2;
+        SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();
+        byte[] accountKey = new byte[ACCOUNT_KEY_LENGTH];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(accountKey);
+        byte[] data = new byte[messageLength];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(data);
+        byte[] sectionNonce = new byte[SECTION_NONCE_LENGTH];
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(sectionNonce);
+        byte[] result = MessageStreamHmacEncoder
+                .encodeMessagePacket(accountKey, sectionNonce, data);
+        secureRandom.nextBytes(sectionNonce);
+
+        assertThat(MessageStreamHmacEncoder.verifyHmac(accountKey, sectionNonce, result)).isFalse();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/NamingEncoderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/NamingEncoderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d66d209
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/NamingEncoderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.KEY_LENGTH;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.NONCE_SIZE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.NamingEncoder.EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.NamingEncoder.MAX_LENGTH_OF_NAME;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link NamingEncoder}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class NamingEncoderTest {
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void decodeEncodedNamingPacket_mustGetSameName() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        String name = "Someone's Google Headphone";
+
+        byte[] encodedNamingPacket = NamingEncoder.encodeNamingPacket(secret, name);
+
+        assertThat(NamingEncoder.decodeNamingPacket(secret, encodedNamingPacket)).isEqualTo(name);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputIncorrectKeySizeToEncode_mustThrowException() {
+        byte[] secret = new byte[KEY_LENGTH - 1];
+        String data = "Someone's Google Headphone";
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> NamingEncoder.encodeNamingPacket(secret, data));
+
+        assertThat(exception).hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Incorrect secret for encoding name packet");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputIncorrectKeySizeToDecode_mustThrowException() {
+        byte[] secret = new byte[KEY_LENGTH - 1];
+        byte[] data = new byte[50];
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> NamingEncoder.decodeNamingPacket(secret, data));
+
+        assertThat(exception).hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Incorrect secret for decoding name packet");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputTooSmallPacketSize_mustThrowException() {
+        byte[] secret = new byte[KEY_LENGTH];
+        byte[] data = new byte[EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE - 1];
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> NamingEncoder.decodeNamingPacket(secret, data));
+
+        assertThat(exception).hasMessageThat().contains("Naming packet size is incorrect");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputTooLargePacketSize_mustThrowException() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        byte[] namingPacket = new byte[MAX_LENGTH_OF_NAME + EXTRACT_HMAC_SIZE + NONCE_SIZE + 1];
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> NamingEncoder.decodeNamingPacket(secret, namingPacket));
+
+        assertThat(exception).hasMessageThat().contains("Naming packet size is incorrect");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void inputIncorrectHmacToDecode_mustThrowException() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = AesCtrMultipleBlockEncryption.generateKey();
+        String name = "Someone's Google Headphone";
+
+        byte[] encodedNamingPacket = NamingEncoder.encodeNamingPacket(secret, name);
+        encodedNamingPacket[0] = (byte) ~encodedNamingPacket[0];
+
+        GeneralSecurityException exception =
+                assertThrows(
+                        GeneralSecurityException.class,
+                        () -> NamingEncoder.decodeNamingPacket(secret, encodedNamingPacket));
+
+        assertThat(exception)
+                .hasMessageThat()
+                .contains("Verify HMAC failed, could be incorrect key or naming packet.");
+    }
+
+    // Adds this test example on spec. Also we can easily change the parameters(e.g. secret, naming
+    // packet) to clarify test results with partners.
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void decodeTestNamingPacket_mustGetSameName() throws GeneralSecurityException {
+        byte[] secret = base16().decode("0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF");
+        byte[] namingPacket = base16().decode(
+                "55EC5E6055AF6E920001020304050607EE4A2483738052E44E9B2A145E5DDFAA44B9E5536AF438"
+                        + "E1E5C6");
+
+        assertThat(NamingEncoder.decodeNamingPacket(secret, namingPacket))
+                .isEqualTo("Someone's Google Headphone");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PairingProgressListenerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PairingProgressListenerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a58a92d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PairingProgressListenerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class PairingProgressListenerTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFromOrdinal() {
+        assertThat(PairingProgressListener.fromOrdinal(0)).isEqualTo(
+                PairingProgressListener.PairingEvent.START);
+        assertThat(PairingProgressListener.fromOrdinal(1)).isEqualTo(
+                PairingProgressListener.PairingEvent.SUCCESS);
+        assertThat(PairingProgressListener.fromOrdinal(2)).isEqualTo(
+                PairingProgressListener.PairingEvent.FAILED);
+        assertThat(PairingProgressListener.fromOrdinal(3)).isEqualTo(
+                PairingProgressListener.PairingEvent.UNKNOWN);
+        assertThat(PairingProgressListener.fromOrdinal(4)).isEqualTo(
+                PairingProgressListener.PairingEvent.UNKNOWN);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PreferencesTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PreferencesTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..378e3b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/PreferencesTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1303 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link Preferences}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class PreferencesTest {
+
+    private static final int FIRST_INT = 1505;
+    private static final int SECOND_INT = 1506;
+    private static final boolean FIRST_BOOL = true;
+    private static final boolean SECOND_BOOL = false;
+    private static final short FIRST_SHORT = 32;
+    private static final short SECOND_SHORT = 73;
+    private static final long FIRST_LONG = 9838L;
+    private static final long SECOND_LONG = 93935L;
+    private static final String FIRST_STRING = "FIRST_STRING";
+    private static final String SECOND_STRING = "SECOND_STRING";
+    private static final byte[] FIRST_BYTES = new byte[] {7, 9};
+    private static final byte[] SECOND_BYTES = new byte[] {2};
+    private static final ImmutableSet<Integer> FIRST_INT_SETS = ImmutableSet.of(6, 8);
+    private static final ImmutableSet<Integer> SECOND_INT_SETS = ImmutableSet.of(6, 8);
+    private static final Preferences.ExtraLoggingInformation FIRST_EXTRA_LOGGING_INFO =
+            Preferences.ExtraLoggingInformation.builder().setModelId("000006").build();
+    private static final Preferences.ExtraLoggingInformation SECOND_EXTRA_LOGGING_INFO =
+            Preferences.ExtraLoggingInformation.builder().setModelId("000007").build();
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGattOperationTimeoutSeconds() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattOperationTimeoutSeconds(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattOperationTimeoutSeconds(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getGattOperationTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getGattConnectionTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getBluetoothToggleTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getBluetoothToggleSleepSeconds()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getClassicDiscoveryTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNumDiscoverAttempts() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumDiscoverAttempts(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getNumDiscoverAttempts()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getNumDiscoverAttempts())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumDiscoverAttempts(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getNumDiscoverAttempts()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getDiscoveryRetrySleepSeconds()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSdpTimeoutSeconds() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSdpTimeoutSeconds(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSdpTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSdpTimeoutSeconds())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSdpTimeoutSeconds(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSdpTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNumSdpAttempts() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumSdpAttempts(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getNumSdpAttempts()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getNumSdpAttempts())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumSdpAttempts(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getNumSdpAttempts()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNumCreateBondAttempts() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumCreateBondAttempts(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getNumCreateBondAttempts()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getNumCreateBondAttempts())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumCreateBondAttempts(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getNumCreateBondAttempts()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNumConnectAttempts() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumConnectAttempts(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getNumConnectAttempts()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getNumConnectAttempts())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumConnectAttempts(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getNumConnectAttempts()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getNumWriteAccountKeyAttempts()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBluetoothStatePollingMillis() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setBluetoothStatePollingMillis(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getBluetoothStatePollingMillis()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getBluetoothStatePollingMillis())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setBluetoothStatePollingMillis(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getBluetoothStatePollingMillis()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNumAttempts() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumAttempts(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getNumAttempts()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getNumAttempts())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumAttempts(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getNumAttempts()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getRemoveBondTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testRemoveBondSleepMillis() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setRemoveBondSleepMillis(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getRemoveBondSleepMillis()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getRemoveBondSleepMillis())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setRemoveBondSleepMillis(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getRemoveBondSleepMillis()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreateBondTimeoutSeconds() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getCreateBondTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getCreateBondTimeoutSeconds())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getCreateBondTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getHidCreateBondTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testProxyTimeoutSeconds() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setProxyTimeoutSeconds(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getProxyTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getProxyTimeoutSeconds())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setProxyTimeoutSeconds(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getProxyTimeoutSeconds()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteAccountKeySleepMillis() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setWriteAccountKeySleepMillis(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getWriteAccountKeySleepMillis()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getWriteAccountKeySleepMillis())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setWriteAccountKeySleepMillis(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getWriteAccountKeySleepMillis()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testPairFailureCounts() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setPairFailureCounts(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getPairFailureCounts()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getPairFailureCounts())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setPairFailureCounts(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getPairFailureCounts()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreateBondTransportType() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setCreateBondTransportType(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getCreateBondTransportType()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getCreateBondTransportType())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setCreateBondTransportType(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getCreateBondTransportType()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getGattConnectRetryTimeoutMillis()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getNumSdpAttemptsAfterBonded()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount(FIRST_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount()).isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount(SECOND_INT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSameModelIdPairedDeviceCount()).isEqualTo(SECOND_INT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testIgnoreDiscoveryError() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setIgnoreDiscoveryError(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getIgnoreDiscoveryError()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getIgnoreDiscoveryError())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setIgnoreDiscoveryError(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getIgnoreDiscoveryError()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testToggleBluetoothOnFailure() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setToggleBluetoothOnFailure(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getToggleBluetoothOnFailure()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getToggleBluetoothOnFailure())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setToggleBluetoothOnFailure(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getToggleBluetoothOnFailure()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBluetoothStateUsesPolling() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setBluetoothStateUsesPolling(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getBluetoothStateUsesPolling()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getBluetoothStateUsesPolling())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setBluetoothStateUsesPolling(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getBluetoothStateUsesPolling()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEnableBrEdrHandover() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnableBrEdrHandover(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getEnableBrEdrHandover()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getEnableBrEdrHandover())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnableBrEdrHandover(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getEnableBrEdrHandover()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWaitForUuidsAfterBonding() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setWaitForUuidsAfterBonding(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getWaitForUuidsAfterBonding()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getWaitForUuidsAfterBonding())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setWaitForUuidsAfterBonding(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getWaitForUuidsAfterBonding()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getReceiveUuidsAndBondedEventBeforeClose()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testRejectPhonebookAccess() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setRejectPhonebookAccess(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getRejectPhonebookAccess()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getRejectPhonebookAccess())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setRejectPhonebookAccess(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getRejectPhonebookAccess()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testRejectMessageAccess() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setRejectMessageAccess(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getRejectMessageAccess()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getRejectMessageAccess())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setRejectMessageAccess(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getRejectMessageAccess()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testRejectSimAccess() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setRejectSimAccess(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getRejectSimAccess()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getRejectSimAccess())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setRejectSimAccess(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getRejectSimAccess()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey(FIRST_BOOL)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey(SECOND_BOOL)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSkipDisconnectingGattBeforeWritingAccountKey()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testMoreEventLogForQuality() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setMoreEventLogForQuality(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getMoreEventLogForQuality()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getMoreEventLogForQuality())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setMoreEventLogForQuality(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getMoreEventLogForQuality()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getRetryGattConnectionAndSecretHandshake()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getRetrySecretHandshakeTimeout()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testLogUserManualRetry() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setLogUserManualRetry(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getLogUserManualRetry()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getLogUserManualRetry())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setLogUserManualRetry(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getLogUserManualRetry()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getIsDeviceFinishCheckAddressFromCache()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testLogPairWithCachedModelId() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setLogPairWithCachedModelId(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getLogPairWithCachedModelId()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getLogPairWithCachedModelId())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setLogPairWithCachedModelId(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getLogPairWithCachedModelId()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getDirectConnectProfileIfModelIdInCache()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testAcceptPasskey() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setAcceptPasskey(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getAcceptPasskey()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getAcceptPasskey())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setAcceptPasskey(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getAcceptPasskey()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getProviderInitiatesBondingIfSupported()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder()
+                        .setAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder()
+                        .setAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getAttemptDirectConnectionWhenPreviouslyBonded()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getAutomaticallyReconnectGattWhenNeeded()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSkipConnectingProfiles() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSkipConnectingProfiles(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSkipConnectingProfiles()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSkipConnectingProfiles())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSkipConnectingProfiles(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSkipConnectingProfiles()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getIgnoreUuidTimeoutAfterBonded()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSpecifyCreateBondTransportType() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSpecifyCreateBondTransportType(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSpecifyCreateBondTransportType()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSpecifyCreateBondTransportType())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSpecifyCreateBondTransportType(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSpecifyCreateBondTransportType()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testIncreaseIntentFilterPriority() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setIncreaseIntentFilterPriority(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getIncreaseIntentFilterPriority()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getIncreaseIntentFilterPriority())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setIncreaseIntentFilterPriority(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getIncreaseIntentFilterPriority()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEvaluatePerformance() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setEvaluatePerformance(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getEvaluatePerformance()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getEvaluatePerformance())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setEvaluatePerformance(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getEvaluatePerformance()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEnableNamingCharacteristic() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnableNamingCharacteristic(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getEnableNamingCharacteristic()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getEnableNamingCharacteristic())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnableNamingCharacteristic(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getEnableNamingCharacteristic()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getEnableFirmwareVersionCharacteristic()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testKeepSameAccountKeyWrite() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setKeepSameAccountKeyWrite(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getKeepSameAccountKeyWrite()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getKeepSameAccountKeyWrite())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setKeepSameAccountKeyWrite(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getKeepSameAccountKeyWrite()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testIsRetroactivePairing() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setIsRetroactivePairing(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getIsRetroactivePairing()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getIsRetroactivePairing())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setIsRetroactivePairing(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getIsRetroactivePairing()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSupportHidDevice() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSupportHidDevice(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSupportHidDevice()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSupportHidDevice())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSupportHidDevice(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSupportHidDevice()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getEnablePairingWhileDirectlyConnecting()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testAcceptConsentForFastPairOne() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setAcceptConsentForFastPairOne(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getAcceptConsentForFastPairOne()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getAcceptConsentForFastPairOne())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setAcceptConsentForFastPairOne(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getAcceptConsentForFastPairOne()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId(FIRST_BOOL)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId(SECOND_BOOL)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getEnable128BitCustomGattCharacteristicsId()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getEnableSendExceptionStepToValidator()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle(FIRST_BOOL)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle(SECOND_BOOL)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getEnableAdditionalDataTypeWhenActionOverBle()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles(FIRST_BOOL)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles(SECOND_BOOL)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getCheckBondStateWhenSkipConnectingProfiles()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi(FIRST_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi(SECOND_BOOL).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getHandlePasskeyConfirmationByUi()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection(FIRST_BOOL)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BOOL);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection(SECOND_BOOL)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getEnablePairFlowShowUiWithoutProfileConnection()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BOOL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId(FIRST_SHORT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId()).isEqualTo(FIRST_SHORT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_SHORT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId(SECOND_SHORT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getBrHandoverDataCharacteristicId()).isEqualTo(SECOND_SHORT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId(FIRST_SHORT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId()).isEqualTo(FIRST_SHORT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_SHORT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId(SECOND_SHORT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getBluetoothSigDataCharacteristicId()).isEqualTo(SECOND_SHORT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId(FIRST_SHORT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId()).isEqualTo(FIRST_SHORT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_SHORT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId(SECOND_SHORT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getFirmwareVersionCharacteristicId()).isEqualTo(SECOND_SHORT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId(FIRST_SHORT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId()).isEqualTo(FIRST_SHORT);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_SHORT);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId(SECOND_SHORT).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getBrTransportBlockDataDescriptorId()).isEqualTo(SECOND_SHORT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGattConnectShortTimeoutMs() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectShortTimeoutMs(FIRST_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getGattConnectShortTimeoutMs()).isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getGattConnectShortTimeoutMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectShortTimeoutMs(SECOND_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getGattConnectShortTimeoutMs()).isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGattConnectLongTimeoutMs() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectLongTimeoutMs(FIRST_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getGattConnectLongTimeoutMs()).isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getGattConnectLongTimeoutMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectLongTimeoutMs(SECOND_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getGattConnectLongTimeoutMs()).isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(FIRST_LONG)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()).isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(SECOND_LONG)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getGattConnectShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()).isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(FIRST_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()).isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(SECOND_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getAddressRotateRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()).isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testPairingRetryDelayMs() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setPairingRetryDelayMs(FIRST_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getPairingRetryDelayMs()).isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getPairingRetryDelayMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setPairingRetryDelayMs(SECOND_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getPairingRetryDelayMs()).isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs(FIRST_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs()).isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs(SECOND_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutMs()).isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs(FIRST_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs()).isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs(SECOND_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutMs()).isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(FIRST_LONG)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()).isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(SECOND_LONG)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSecretHandshakeShortTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs())
+                .isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(FIRST_LONG)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()).isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(SECOND_LONG)
+                        .build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSecretHandshakeLongTimeoutRetryMaxSpentTimeMs())
+                .isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts(FIRST_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts()).isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts(SECOND_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSecretHandshakeRetryAttempts()).isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder()
+                        .setSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs(FIRST_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs(
+                        SECOND_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSecretHandshakeRetryGattConnectionMaxSpentTimeMs())
+                .isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(FIRST_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()).isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_LONG);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs(SECOND_LONG).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSignalLostRetryMaxSpentTimeMs()).isEqualTo(SECOND_LONG);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCachedDeviceAddress() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setCachedDeviceAddress(FIRST_STRING).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getCachedDeviceAddress()).isEqualTo(FIRST_STRING);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getCachedDeviceAddress())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_STRING);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setCachedDeviceAddress(SECOND_STRING).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getCachedDeviceAddress()).isEqualTo(SECOND_STRING);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testPossibleCachedDeviceAddress() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setPossibleCachedDeviceAddress(FIRST_STRING).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getPossibleCachedDeviceAddress()).isEqualTo(FIRST_STRING);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getPossibleCachedDeviceAddress())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_STRING);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setPossibleCachedDeviceAddress(SECOND_STRING).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getPossibleCachedDeviceAddress()).isEqualTo(SECOND_STRING);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSupportedProfileUuids() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setSupportedProfileUuids(FIRST_BYTES).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getSupportedProfileUuids()).isEqualTo(FIRST_BYTES);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getSupportedProfileUuids())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_BYTES);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setSupportedProfileUuids(SECOND_BYTES).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getSupportedProfileUuids()).isEqualTo(SECOND_BYTES);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError(
+                        FIRST_INT_SETS).build();
+        assertThat(prefs.getGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT_SETS);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_INT_SETS);
+
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError(
+                        SECOND_INT_SETS).build();
+        assertThat(prefs2.getGattConnectionAndSecretHandshakeNoRetryGattError())
+                .isEqualTo(SECOND_INT_SETS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testExtraLoggingInformation() {
+        Preferences prefs =
+                Preferences.builder().setExtraLoggingInformation(FIRST_EXTRA_LOGGING_INFO).build();
+        Preferences prefs2 =
+                Preferences.builder().setExtraLoggingInformation(SECOND_EXTRA_LOGGING_INFO).build();
+        Preferences prefs3 =
+                Preferences.builder().setExtraLoggingInformation(FIRST_EXTRA_LOGGING_INFO).build();
+
+        assertThat(prefs.getExtraLoggingInformation()).isEqualTo(FIRST_EXTRA_LOGGING_INFO);
+        assertThat(prefs2.getExtraLoggingInformation()).isEqualTo(SECOND_EXTRA_LOGGING_INFO);
+        assertThat(prefs.toBuilder().build().getExtraLoggingInformation())
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_EXTRA_LOGGING_INFO);
+        // Test equal()
+        assertThat(prefs.getExtraLoggingInformation().equals(null)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(prefs.getExtraLoggingInformation()
+                .equals(prefs2.getExtraLoggingInformation())).isFalse();
+        assertThat(prefs.getExtraLoggingInformation()
+                .equals(prefs3.getExtraLoggingInformation())).isTrue();
+        // Test getModelId()
+        assertThat(prefs.getExtraLoggingInformation().getModelId())
+                .isEqualTo(prefs3.getExtraLoggingInformation().getModelId());
+        assertThat(prefs.getExtraLoggingInformation().getModelId())
+                .isNotEqualTo(prefs2.getExtraLoggingInformation().getModelId());
+        // Test hashCode()
+        assertThat(prefs.getExtraLoggingInformation().hashCode())
+                .isEqualTo(prefs3.getExtraLoggingInformation().hashCode());
+        assertThat(prefs.getExtraLoggingInformation().hashCode())
+                .isNotEqualTo(prefs2.getExtraLoggingInformation().hashCode());
+        // Test toBuilder()
+
+        assertThat(prefs.getExtraLoggingInformation()
+                .toBuilder().setModelId("000007").build().getModelId())
+                .isEqualTo("000007");
+        // Test toString()
+        assertThat(prefs.getExtraLoggingInformation().toString())
+                .isEqualTo("ExtraLoggingInformation{modelId=000006}");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TdsExceptionTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TdsExceptionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8b9480
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TdsExceptionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.intdefs.FastPairEventIntDefs;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class TdsExceptionTest {
+    @Test
+    public void testGetErrorCode() {
+        TdsException tdsException = new TdsException(
+                FastPairEventIntDefs.BrEdrHandoverErrorCode.BLUETOOTH_MAC_INVALID, "format");
+        assertThat(tdsException.getErrorCode())
+                .isEqualTo(FastPairEventIntDefs.BrEdrHandoverErrorCode.BLUETOOTH_MAC_INVALID);
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TimingLoggerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TimingLoggerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4672905
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/fastpair/TimingLoggerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.TimingLogger.ScopedTiming;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.TimingLogger.Timing;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link TimingLogger}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class TimingLoggerTest {
+
+    private final Preferences mPrefs = Preferences.builder().setEvaluatePerformance(true).build();
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void logPairedTiming() {
+        String label = "start";
+        TimingLogger timingLogger = new TimingLogger("paired", mPrefs);
+        timingLogger.start(label);
+        SystemClock.sleep(1000);
+        timingLogger.end();
+
+        assertThat(timingLogger.getTimings()).hasSize(2);
+
+        // Calculate execution time and only store result at "start" timing.
+        // Expected output:
+        // <pre>
+        //  I/FastPair: paired [Exclusive time] / [Total time]
+        //  I/FastPair:   start 1000ms
+        //  I/FastPair: paired end, 1000ms
+        // </pre>
+        timingLogger.dump();
+
+        assertPairedTiming(label, timingLogger.getTimings().get(0),
+                timingLogger.getTimings().get(1));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void logScopedTiming() {
+        String label = "scopedTiming";
+        TimingLogger timingLogger = new TimingLogger("scoped", mPrefs);
+        try (ScopedTiming scopedTiming = new ScopedTiming(timingLogger, label)) {
+            SystemClock.sleep(1000);
+        }
+
+        assertThat(timingLogger.getTimings()).hasSize(2);
+
+        // Calculate execution time and only store result at "start" timings.
+        // Expected output:
+        // <pre>
+        //  I/FastPair: scoped [Exclusive time] / [Total time]
+        //  I/FastPair:   scopedTiming 1000ms
+        //  I/FastPair: scoped end, 1000ms
+        // </pre>
+        timingLogger.dump();
+
+        assertPairedTiming(label, timingLogger.getTimings().get(0),
+                timingLogger.getTimings().get(1));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void logOrderedTiming() {
+        String label1 = "t1";
+        String label2 = "t2";
+        TimingLogger timingLogger = new TimingLogger("ordered", mPrefs);
+        try (ScopedTiming t1 = new ScopedTiming(timingLogger, label1)) {
+            SystemClock.sleep(1000);
+        }
+        try (ScopedTiming t2 = new ScopedTiming(timingLogger, label2)) {
+            SystemClock.sleep(1000);
+        }
+
+        assertThat(timingLogger.getTimings()).hasSize(4);
+
+        // Calculate execution time and only store result at "start" timings.
+        // Expected output:
+        // <pre>
+        //  I/FastPair: ordered [Exclusive time] / [Total time]
+        //  I/FastPair:   t1 1000ms
+        //  I/FastPair:   t2 1000ms
+        //  I/FastPair: ordered end, 2000ms
+        // </pre>
+        timingLogger.dump();
+
+        // We expect get timings in this order: t1 start, t1 end, t2 start, t2 end.
+        Timing start1 = timingLogger.getTimings().get(0);
+        Timing end1 = timingLogger.getTimings().get(1);
+        Timing start2 = timingLogger.getTimings().get(2);
+        Timing end2 = timingLogger.getTimings().get(3);
+
+        // Verify the paired timings.
+        assertPairedTiming(label1, start1, end1);
+        assertPairedTiming(label2, start2, end2);
+
+        // Verify the order and total time.
+        assertOrderedTiming(start1, start2);
+        assertThat(start1.getExclusiveTime() + start2.getExclusiveTime())
+                .isEqualTo(timingLogger.getTotalTime());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void logNestedTiming() {
+        String labelOuter = "outer";
+        String labelInner1 = "inner1";
+        String labelInner1Inner1 = "inner1inner1";
+        String labelInner2 = "inner2";
+        TimingLogger timingLogger = new TimingLogger("nested", mPrefs);
+        try (ScopedTiming outer = new ScopedTiming(timingLogger, labelOuter)) {
+            SystemClock.sleep(1000);
+            try (ScopedTiming inner1 = new ScopedTiming(timingLogger, labelInner1)) {
+                SystemClock.sleep(1000);
+                try (ScopedTiming inner1inner1 = new ScopedTiming(timingLogger,
+                        labelInner1Inner1)) {
+                    SystemClock.sleep(1000);
+                }
+            }
+            try (ScopedTiming inner2 = new ScopedTiming(timingLogger, labelInner2)) {
+                SystemClock.sleep(1000);
+            }
+        }
+
+        assertThat(timingLogger.getTimings()).hasSize(8);
+
+        // Calculate execution time and only store result at "start" timing.
+        // Expected output:
+        // <pre>
+        //  I/FastPair: nested [Exclusive time] / [Total time]
+        //  I/FastPair:   outer 1000ms / 4000ms
+        //  I/FastPair:     inner1 1000ms / 2000ms
+        //  I/FastPair:       inner1inner1 1000ms
+        //  I/FastPair:     inner2 1000ms
+        //  I/FastPair: nested end, 4000ms
+        // </pre>
+        timingLogger.dump();
+
+        // We expect get timings in this order: outer start, inner1 start, inner1inner1 start,
+        // inner1inner1 end, inner1 end, inner2 start, inner2 end, outer end.
+        Timing startOuter = timingLogger.getTimings().get(0);
+        Timing startInner1 = timingLogger.getTimings().get(1);
+        Timing startInner1Inner1 = timingLogger.getTimings().get(2);
+        Timing endInner1Inner1 = timingLogger.getTimings().get(3);
+        Timing endInner1 = timingLogger.getTimings().get(4);
+        Timing startInner2 = timingLogger.getTimings().get(5);
+        Timing endInner2 = timingLogger.getTimings().get(6);
+        Timing endOuter = timingLogger.getTimings().get(7);
+
+        // Verify the paired timings.
+        assertPairedTiming(labelOuter, startOuter, endOuter);
+        assertPairedTiming(labelInner1, startInner1, endInner1);
+        assertPairedTiming(labelInner1Inner1, startInner1Inner1, endInner1Inner1);
+        assertPairedTiming(labelInner2, startInner2, endInner2);
+
+        // Verify the order and total time.
+        assertOrderedTiming(startOuter, startInner1);
+        assertOrderedTiming(startInner1, startInner1Inner1);
+        assertOrderedTiming(startInner1Inner1, startInner2);
+        assertThat(
+                startOuter.getExclusiveTime() + startInner1.getTotalTime() + startInner2
+                        .getTotalTime())
+                .isEqualTo(timingLogger.getTotalTime());
+
+        // Verify the nested execution time.
+        assertThat(startInner1Inner1.getTotalTime()).isAtMost(startInner1.getTotalTime());
+        assertThat(startInner1.getTotalTime() + startInner2.getTotalTime())
+                .isAtMost(startOuter.getTotalTime());
+    }
+
+    private void assertPairedTiming(String label, Timing start, Timing end) {
+        assertThat(start.isStartTiming()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(start.getName()).isEqualTo(label);
+        assertThat(end.isEndTiming()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(end.getTimestamp()).isAtLeast(start.getTimestamp());
+
+        assertThat(start.getExclusiveTime() > 0).isTrue();
+        assertThat(start.getTotalTime()).isAtLeast(start.getExclusiveTime());
+        assertThat(end.getExclusiveTime() == 0).isTrue();
+        assertThat(end.getTotalTime() == 0).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    private void assertOrderedTiming(Timing t1, Timing t2) {
+        assertThat(t1.isStartTiming()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(t2.isStartTiming()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(t2.getTimestamp()).isAtLeast(t1.getTimestamp());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattConnectionTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattConnectionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80bde63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattConnectionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,848 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyLong;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.isA;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothStatusCodes;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION;
+import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothConsts;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothGattException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.ReservedUuids;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattConnection.ChangeObserver;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattHelper.OperationType;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.Operation;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.SynchronousOperation;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers;
+import org.mockito.Captor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link BluetoothGattConnection}.
+ */
+public class BluetoothGattConnectionTest extends TestCase {
+
+    private static final UUID SERVICE_UUID = UUID.randomUUID();
+    private static final UUID CHARACTERISTIC_UUID = UUID.randomUUID();
+    private static final UUID DESCRIPTOR_UUID = UUID.randomUUID();
+    private static final byte[] DATA = "data".getBytes();
+    private static final int RSSI = -63;
+    private static final int CONNECTION_PRIORITY = 128;
+    private static final int MTU_REQUEST = 512;
+    private static final BluetoothGattHelper.ConnectionOptions CONNECTION_OPTIONS =
+            BluetoothGattHelper.ConnectionOptions.builder().build();
+
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattWrapper mMockBluetoothGattWrapper;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothDevice mMockBluetoothDevice;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothOperationExecutor mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattService mMockBluetoothGattService;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattService mMockBluetoothGattService2;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattCharacteristic mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattCharacteristic mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic2;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattDescriptor mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattConnection.CharacteristicChangeListener mMockCharChangeListener;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattConnection.ChangeObserver mMockChangeObserver;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattConnection.ConnectionCloseListener mMockConnectionCloseListener;
+
+    @Captor
+    private ArgumentCaptor<Operation<?>> mOperationCaptor;
+    @Captor
+    private ArgumentCaptor<SynchronousOperation<?>> mSynchronousOperationCaptor;
+    @Captor
+    private ArgumentCaptor<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> mCharacteristicCaptor;
+    @Captor
+    private ArgumentCaptor<BluetoothGattDescriptor> mDescriptorCaptor;
+
+    private BluetoothGattConnection mBluetoothGattConnection;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+
+        initMocks(this);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection = new BluetoothGattConnection(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor,
+                CONNECTION_OPTIONS);
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.onConnected();
+
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.getDevice()).thenReturn(mMockBluetoothDevice);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.discoverServices()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.refresh()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.readCharacteristic(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic))
+                .thenReturn(true);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper
+                .writeCharacteristic(ArgumentMatchers.<BluetoothGattCharacteristic>any(), any(),
+                        anyInt()))
+                .thenReturn(BluetoothStatusCodes.SUCCESS);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.readDescriptor(mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor))
+                .thenReturn(true);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.writeDescriptor(
+                ArgumentMatchers.<BluetoothGattDescriptor>any(), any()))
+                .thenReturn(BluetoothStatusCodes.SUCCESS);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.readRemoteRssi()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.requestConnectionPriority(CONNECTION_PRIORITY))
+                .thenReturn(true);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.requestMtu(MTU_REQUEST)).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.getServices())
+                .thenReturn(Arrays.asList(mMockBluetoothGattService));
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattService.getUuid()).thenReturn(SERVICE_UUID);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattService.getCharacteristics())
+                .thenReturn(Arrays.asList(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic));
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic.getUuid()).thenReturn(CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic.getProperties())
+                .thenReturn(
+                        BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY
+                                | BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE);
+        BluetoothGattDescriptor clientConfigDescriptor =
+                new BluetoothGattDescriptor(
+                        ReservedUuids.Descriptors.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION,
+                        BluetoothGattDescriptor.PERMISSION_WRITE);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic.getDescriptor(
+                ReservedUuids.Descriptors.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION))
+                .thenReturn(clientConfigDescriptor);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic.getDescriptors())
+                .thenReturn(Arrays.asList(mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor, clientConfigDescriptor));
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor.getUuid()).thenReturn(DESCRIPTOR_UUID);
+        when(mMockBluetoothDevice.getBondState()).thenReturn(BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getDevice() {
+        BluetoothDevice result = mBluetoothGattConnection.getDevice();
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothDevice);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getConnectionOptions() {
+        BluetoothGattHelper.ConnectionOptions result = mBluetoothGattConnection
+                .getConnectionOptions();
+
+        assertThat(result).isSameInstanceAs(CONNECTION_OPTIONS);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_isConnected_false_beforeConnection() {
+        mBluetoothGattConnection = new BluetoothGattConnection(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor,
+                CONNECTION_OPTIONS);
+
+        boolean result = mBluetoothGattConnection.isConnected();
+
+        assertThat(result).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_isConnected_true_afterConnection() {
+        boolean result = mBluetoothGattConnection.isConnected();
+
+        assertThat(result).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_isConnected_false_afterDisconnection() {
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.onClosed();
+
+        boolean result = mBluetoothGattConnection.isConnected();
+
+        assertThat(result).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getService_notDiscovered() throws Exception {
+        BluetoothGattService result = mBluetoothGattConnection.getService(SERVICE_UUID);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+        mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue().call();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .execute(
+                        mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.SLOW_OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothGattService);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).discoverServices();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getService_alreadyDiscovered() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.getService(SERVICE_UUID);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+        mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue().call();
+        reset(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor);
+
+        BluetoothGattService result = mBluetoothGattConnection.getService(SERVICE_UUID);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothGattService);
+        // Verify that service discovery has been done only once
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getService_notFound() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.getServices()).thenReturn(
+                Arrays.<BluetoothGattService>asList());
+
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattConnection.getService(SERVICE_UUID);
+            fail("Expected BluetoothException");
+        } catch (BluetoothException expected) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getService_moreThanOne() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.getServices())
+                .thenReturn(Arrays.asList(mMockBluetoothGattService, mMockBluetoothGattService));
+
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattConnection.getService(SERVICE_UUID);
+            fail("Expected BluetoothException");
+        } catch (BluetoothException expected) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getCharacteristic() throws Exception {
+        BluetoothGattCharacteristic result =
+                mBluetoothGattConnection.getCharacteristic(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getCharacteristic_notFound() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattService.getCharacteristics())
+                .thenReturn(Arrays.<BluetoothGattCharacteristic>asList());
+
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattConnection.getCharacteristic(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
+            fail("Expected BluetoothException");
+        } catch (BluetoothException expected) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getCharacteristic_moreThanOne() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattService.getCharacteristics())
+                .thenReturn(
+                        Arrays.asList(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic,
+                                mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic));
+
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattConnection.getCharacteristic(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
+            fail("Expected BluetoothException");
+        } catch (BluetoothException expected) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getCharacteristic_moreThanOneService() throws Exception {
+        // Add a new service with the same service UUID as our existing one, but add a different
+        // characteristic inside of it.
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.getServices())
+                .thenReturn(Arrays.asList(mMockBluetoothGattService, mMockBluetoothGattService2));
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattService2.getUuid()).thenReturn(SERVICE_UUID);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattService2.getCharacteristics())
+                .thenReturn(Arrays.asList(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic2));
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic2.getUuid())
+                .thenReturn(
+                        new UUID(
+                                CHARACTERISTIC_UUID.getMostSignificantBits(),
+                                CHARACTERISTIC_UUID.getLeastSignificantBits() + 1));
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic2.getProperties())
+                .thenReturn(
+                        BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY
+                                | BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.getCharacteristic(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getDescriptor() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic.getDescriptors())
+                .thenReturn(Arrays.asList(mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor));
+
+        BluetoothGattDescriptor result =
+                mBluetoothGattConnection
+                        .getDescriptor(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID, DESCRIPTOR_UUID);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getDescriptor_notFound() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic.getDescriptors())
+                .thenReturn(Arrays.<BluetoothGattDescriptor>asList());
+
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattConnection
+                    .getDescriptor(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID, DESCRIPTOR_UUID);
+            fail("Expected BluetoothException");
+        } catch (BluetoothException expected) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getDescriptor_moreThanOne() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic.getDescriptors())
+                .thenReturn(
+                        Arrays.asList(mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor, mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor));
+
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattConnection
+                    .getDescriptor(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID, DESCRIPTOR_UUID);
+            fail("Expected BluetoothException");
+        } catch (BluetoothException expected) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_discoverServices() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new SynchronousOperation<>(
+                        mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor, OperationType.NOTIFICATION_CHANGE)))
+                .thenReturn(mMockChangeObserver);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.discoverServices();
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+        mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue().call();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .execute(
+                        mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.SLOW_OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).discoverServices();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper, never()).refresh();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_discoverServices_serviceChange() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.getService(ReservedUuids.Services.GENERIC_ATTRIBUTE))
+                .thenReturn(mMockBluetoothGattService);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattService
+                .getCharacteristic(ReservedUuids.Characteristics.SERVICE_CHANGE))
+                .thenReturn(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.discoverServices();
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+        mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue().call();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor, times(2))
+                .execute(
+                        mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.SLOW_OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).refresh();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_discoverServices_SelfDefinedServiceDynamic() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.getService(BluetoothConsts.SERVICE_DYNAMIC_SERVICE))
+                .thenReturn(mMockBluetoothGattService);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattService
+                .getCharacteristic(BluetoothConsts.SERVICE_DYNAMIC_CHARACTERISTIC))
+                .thenReturn(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.discoverServices();
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+        mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue().call();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor, times(2))
+                .execute(
+                        mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.SLOW_OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).refresh();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_discoverServices_refreshWithGattErrorOnMncAbove() throws Exception {
+        if (VERSION.SDK_INT <= VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP_MR1) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.discoverServices();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+
+        doThrow(new BluetoothGattException("fail", BluetoothGattConnection.GATT_ERROR))
+                .doReturn(null)
+                .when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .execute(isA(Operation.class),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.SLOW_OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue().call();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor, times(2))
+                .execute(
+                        mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.SLOW_OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).refresh();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_discoverServices_refreshWithGattInternalErrorOnMncAbove() throws Exception {
+        if (VERSION.SDK_INT <= VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP_MR1) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.discoverServices();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+
+        doThrow(new BluetoothGattException("fail", BluetoothGattConnection.GATT_INTERNAL_ERROR))
+                .doReturn(null)
+                .when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .execute(isA(Operation.class),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.SLOW_OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue().call();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor, times(2))
+                .execute(
+                        mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.SLOW_OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).refresh();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_discoverServices_dynamicServices_notBonded() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.getService(ReservedUuids.Services.GENERIC_ATTRIBUTE))
+                .thenReturn(mMockBluetoothGattService);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattService
+                .getCharacteristic(ReservedUuids.Characteristics.SERVICE_CHANGE))
+                .thenReturn(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+        when(mMockBluetoothDevice.getBondState()).thenReturn(BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.discoverServices();
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper, never()).refresh();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_readCharacteristic() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new Operation<byte[]>(
+                        OperationType.READ_CHARACTERISTIC,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic),
+                BluetoothGattConnection.OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS))
+                .thenReturn(DATA);
+
+        byte[] result = mBluetoothGattConnection
+                .readCharacteristic(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(DATA);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(mOperationCaptor.capture(), anyLong());
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).readCharacteristic(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_readCharacteristic_by_uuid() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new Operation<byte[]>(
+                        OperationType.READ_CHARACTERISTIC,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic),
+                BluetoothGattConnection.OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS))
+                .thenReturn(DATA);
+
+        byte[] result = mBluetoothGattConnection
+                .readCharacteristic(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(DATA);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(mOperationCaptor.capture(), anyLong());
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).readCharacteristic(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_writeCharacteristic() throws Exception {
+        BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic =
+                new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
+                        CHARACTERISTIC_UUID, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE, 0);
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.writeCharacteristic(characteristic, DATA);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .execute(mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).writeCharacteristic(mCharacteristicCaptor.capture(),
+                eq(DATA), eq(characteristic.getWriteType()));
+        BluetoothGattCharacteristic writtenCharacteristic = mCharacteristicCaptor.getValue();
+        assertThat(writtenCharacteristic.getUuid()).isEqualTo(CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
+        assertThat(writtenCharacteristic).isEqualTo(characteristic);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_writeCharacteristic_by_uuid() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.writeCharacteristic(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID, DATA);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .execute(mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).writeCharacteristic(mCharacteristicCaptor.capture(),
+                eq(DATA), anyInt());
+        BluetoothGattCharacteristic writtenCharacteristic = mCharacteristicCaptor.getValue();
+        assertThat(writtenCharacteristic.getUuid()).isEqualTo(CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_readDescriptor() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new Operation<byte[]>(
+                        OperationType.READ_DESCRIPTOR, mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor),
+                BluetoothGattConnection.OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS))
+                .thenReturn(DATA);
+
+        byte[] result = mBluetoothGattConnection.readDescriptor(mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(DATA);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(mOperationCaptor.capture(), anyLong());
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).readDescriptor(mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_readDescriptor_by_uuid() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new Operation<byte[]>(
+                        OperationType.READ_DESCRIPTOR, mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor),
+                BluetoothGattConnection.OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS))
+                .thenReturn(DATA);
+
+        byte[] result =
+                mBluetoothGattConnection
+                        .readDescriptor(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID, DESCRIPTOR_UUID);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(DATA);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(mOperationCaptor.capture(), anyLong());
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).readDescriptor(mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_writeDescriptor() throws Exception {
+        BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = new BluetoothGattDescriptor(DESCRIPTOR_UUID, 0);
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.writeDescriptor(descriptor, DATA);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .execute(mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).writeDescriptor(mDescriptorCaptor.capture(), eq(DATA));
+        BluetoothGattDescriptor writtenDescriptor = mDescriptorCaptor.getValue();
+        assertThat(writtenDescriptor.getUuid()).isEqualTo(DESCRIPTOR_UUID);
+        assertThat(writtenDescriptor).isEqualTo(descriptor);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_writeDescriptor_by_uuid() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.writeDescriptor(
+                SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID, DESCRIPTOR_UUID, DATA);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .execute(mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).writeDescriptor(mDescriptorCaptor.capture(), eq(DATA));
+        BluetoothGattDescriptor writtenDescriptor = mDescriptorCaptor.getValue();
+        assertThat(writtenDescriptor.getUuid()).isEqualTo(DESCRIPTOR_UUID);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_readRemoteRssi() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new Operation<Integer>(OperationType.READ_RSSI, mMockBluetoothGattWrapper),
+                BluetoothGattConnection.OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS))
+                .thenReturn(RSSI);
+
+        int result = mBluetoothGattConnection.readRemoteRssi();
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(
+                        mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).readRemoteRssi();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getMaxDataPacketSize() throws Exception {
+        int result = mBluetoothGattConnection.getMaxDataPacketSize();
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mBluetoothGattConnection.getMtu() - 3);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSetNotificationEnabled_indication_enable() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic.getProperties())
+                .thenReturn(BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_INDICATE);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.setNotificationEnabled(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, true);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)
+                .setCharacteristicNotification(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, true);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mOperationCaptor.capture(), anyLong());
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).writeDescriptor(mDescriptorCaptor.capture(),
+                eq(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_INDICATION_VALUE));
+        BluetoothGattDescriptor writtenDescriptor = mDescriptorCaptor.getValue();
+        assertThat(writtenDescriptor.getUuid())
+                .isEqualTo(ReservedUuids.Descriptors.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_getNotificationEnabled_notification_enable() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.setNotificationEnabled(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, true);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)
+                .setCharacteristicNotification(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, true);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mOperationCaptor.capture(), anyLong());
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).writeDescriptor(mDescriptorCaptor.capture(),
+                eq(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE));
+        BluetoothGattDescriptor writtenDescriptor = mDescriptorCaptor.getValue();
+        assertThat(writtenDescriptor.getUuid())
+                .isEqualTo(ReservedUuids.Descriptors.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_setNotificationEnabled_indication_disable() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic.getProperties())
+                .thenReturn(BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_INDICATE);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.setNotificationEnabled(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, false);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)
+                .setCharacteristicNotification(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, false);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mOperationCaptor.capture(), anyLong());
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).writeDescriptor(mDescriptorCaptor.capture(),
+                eq(BluetoothGattDescriptor.DISABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE));
+        BluetoothGattDescriptor writtenDescriptor = mDescriptorCaptor.getValue();
+        assertThat(writtenDescriptor.getUuid())
+                .isEqualTo(ReservedUuids.Descriptors.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_setNotificationEnabled_notification_disable() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.setNotificationEnabled(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, false);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)
+                .setCharacteristicNotification(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, false);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mOperationCaptor.capture(), anyLong());
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).writeDescriptor(mDescriptorCaptor.capture(),
+                eq(BluetoothGattDescriptor.DISABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE));
+        BluetoothGattDescriptor writtenDescriptor = mDescriptorCaptor.getValue();
+        assertThat(writtenDescriptor.getUuid())
+                .isEqualTo(ReservedUuids.Descriptors.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIGURATION);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_setNotificationEnabled_failure() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic.getProperties())
+                .thenReturn(BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ);
+
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattConnection.setNotificationEnabled(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic,
+                    true);
+            fail("BluetoothException was expected");
+        } catch (BluetoothException expected) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_enableNotification_Uuid() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new SynchronousOperation<>(
+                        mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor,
+                        OperationType.NOTIFICATION_CHANGE,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic)))
+                .thenReturn(mMockChangeObserver);
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.enableNotification(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+        ((ChangeObserver) mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue().call())
+                .setListener(mMockCharChangeListener);
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.onCharacteristicChanged(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, DATA);
+        verify(mMockCharChangeListener).onValueChange(DATA);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_enableNotification() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new SynchronousOperation<>(
+                        mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor,
+                        OperationType.NOTIFICATION_CHANGE,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic)))
+                .thenReturn(mMockChangeObserver);
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.enableNotification(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+        ((ChangeObserver) mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue().call())
+                .setListener(mMockCharChangeListener);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.onCharacteristicChanged(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, DATA);
+
+        verify(mMockCharChangeListener).onValueChange(DATA);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_enableNotification_observe() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new SynchronousOperation<>(
+                        mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor,
+                        OperationType.NOTIFICATION_CHANGE,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic)))
+                .thenReturn(mMockChangeObserver);
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.enableNotification(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+        ChangeObserver changeObserver = (ChangeObserver) mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue()
+                .call();
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.onCharacteristicChanged(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, DATA);
+        assertThat(changeObserver.waitForUpdate(TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(1))).isEqualTo(DATA);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_disableNotification_Uuid() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new SynchronousOperation<>(
+                        OperationType.NOTIFICATION_CHANGE, mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic)))
+                .thenReturn(mMockChangeObserver);
+        mBluetoothGattConnection
+                .enableNotification(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID)
+                .setListener(mMockCharChangeListener);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.disableNotification(SERVICE_UUID, CHARACTERISTIC_UUID);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.onCharacteristicChanged(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, DATA);
+        verify(mMockCharChangeListener, never()).onValueChange(DATA);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_disableNotification() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new SynchronousOperation<ChangeObserver>(
+                        OperationType.NOTIFICATION_CHANGE, mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic)))
+                .thenReturn(mMockChangeObserver);
+        mBluetoothGattConnection
+                .enableNotification(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic)
+                .setListener(mMockCharChangeListener);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+        mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue().call();
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.disableNotification(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).execute(mSynchronousOperationCaptor.capture());
+        mSynchronousOperationCaptor.getValue().call();
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.onCharacteristicChanged(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, DATA);
+        verify(mMockCharChangeListener, never()).onValueChange(DATA);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_addCloseListener() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.addCloseListener(mMockConnectionCloseListener);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.onClosed();
+        verify(mMockConnectionCloseListener).onClose();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_removeCloseListener() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.addCloseListener(mMockConnectionCloseListener);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.removeCloseListener(mMockConnectionCloseListener);
+
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.onClosed();
+        verify(mMockConnectionCloseListener, never()).onClose();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_close() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.close();
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .execute(mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        eq(BluetoothGattConnection.OPERATION_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).disconnect();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).close();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_onClosed() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattConnection.onClosed();
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor, never())
+                .execute(mOperationCaptor.capture(), anyLong());
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).close();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattHelperTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattHelperTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c20be1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/gatt/BluetoothGattHelperTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,675 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyBoolean;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyLong;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.isA;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.atLeastOnce;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyZeroInteractions;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanSettings;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.os.ParcelUuid;
+import android.test.mock.MockContext;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattHelper.ConnectionOptions;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.gatt.BluetoothGattHelper.OperationType;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le.ScanCallback;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.BluetoothOperationTimeoutException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.Operation;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Captor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link BluetoothGattHelper}.
+ */
+public class BluetoothGattHelperTest extends TestCase {
+
+    private static final UUID SERVICE_UUID = UUID.randomUUID();
+    private static final int GATT_STATUS = 1234;
+    private static final Operation<BluetoothDevice> SCANNING_OPERATION =
+            new Operation<BluetoothDevice>(OperationType.SCAN);
+    private static final byte[] CHARACTERISTIC_VALUE = "characteristic_value".getBytes();
+    private static final byte[] DESCRIPTOR_VALUE = "descriptor_value".getBytes();
+    private static final int RSSI = -63;
+    private static final int MTU = 50;
+    private static final long CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS = 5000;
+
+    private Context mMockApplicationContext = new MockContext();
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothAdapter mMockBluetoothAdapter;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothLeScanner mMockBluetoothLeScanner;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothOperationExecutor mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothDevice mMockBluetoothDevice;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattConnection mMockBluetoothGattConnection;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattWrapper mMockBluetoothGattWrapper;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattCharacteristic mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+    @Mock
+    private BluetoothGattDescriptor mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor;
+    @Mock
+    private ScanResult mMockScanResult;
+
+    @Captor
+    private ArgumentCaptor<Operation<?>> mOperationCaptor;
+    @Captor
+    private ArgumentCaptor<ScanSettings> mScanSettingsCaptor;
+
+    private BluetoothGattHelper mBluetoothGattHelper;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+
+        initMocks(this);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper = new BluetoothGattHelper(
+                mMockApplicationContext,
+                mMockBluetoothAdapter,
+                mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor);
+
+        when(mMockBluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner()).thenReturn(mMockBluetoothLeScanner);
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(SCANNING_OPERATION,
+                BluetoothGattHelper.LOW_LATENCY_SCAN_MILLIS)).thenReturn(mMockBluetoothDevice);
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(SCANNING_OPERATION)).thenReturn(
+                mMockBluetoothDevice);
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new Operation<BluetoothGattConnection>(OperationType.CONNECT, mMockBluetoothDevice),
+                CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS))
+                .thenReturn(mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new Operation<BluetoothGattConnection>(OperationType.CONNECT,
+                        mMockBluetoothDevice)))
+                .thenReturn(mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic.getValue()).thenReturn(CHARACTERISTIC_VALUE);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor.getValue()).thenReturn(DESCRIPTOR_VALUE);
+        when(mMockScanResult.getDevice()).thenReturn(mMockBluetoothDevice);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.getDevice()).thenReturn(mMockBluetoothDevice);
+        when(mMockBluetoothDevice.connectGatt(eq(mMockApplicationContext), anyBoolean(),
+                eq(mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback))).thenReturn(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper);
+        when(mMockBluetoothDevice.connectGatt(eq(mMockApplicationContext), anyBoolean(),
+                eq(mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback), anyInt()))
+                .thenReturn(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattConnection.getConnectionOptions())
+                .thenReturn(ConnectionOptions.builder().build());
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_autoConnect_uuid_success_lowLatency() throws Exception {
+        BluetoothGattConnection result = mBluetoothGattHelper.autoConnect(SERVICE_UUID);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor, atLeastOnce())
+                .executeNonnull(mOperationCaptor.capture(),
+                        anyLong());
+        for (Operation<?> operation : mOperationCaptor.getAllValues()) {
+            operation.run();
+        }
+        verify(mMockBluetoothLeScanner).startScan(eq(Arrays.asList(
+                new ScanFilter.Builder().setServiceUuid(new ParcelUuid(SERVICE_UUID)).build())),
+                mScanSettingsCaptor.capture(), eq(mBluetoothGattHelper.mScanCallback));
+        assertThat(mScanSettingsCaptor.getValue().getScanMode()).isEqualTo(
+                ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothLeScanner).stopScan(mBluetoothGattHelper.mScanCallback);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mMockBluetoothLeScanner);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_autoConnect_uuid_success_lowPower() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(SCANNING_OPERATION,
+                BluetoothGattHelper.LOW_LATENCY_SCAN_MILLIS)).thenThrow(
+                new BluetoothOperationTimeoutException("Timeout"));
+
+        BluetoothGattConnection result = mBluetoothGattHelper.autoConnect(SERVICE_UUID);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).executeNonnull(mOperationCaptor.capture());
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothLeScanner).startScan(eq(Arrays.asList(
+                new ScanFilter.Builder().setServiceUuid(new ParcelUuid(SERVICE_UUID)).build())),
+                mScanSettingsCaptor.capture(), eq(mBluetoothGattHelper.mScanCallback));
+        assertThat(mScanSettingsCaptor.getValue().getScanMode()).isEqualTo(
+                ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_POWER);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothLeScanner, times(2)).stopScan(mBluetoothGattHelper.mScanCallback);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mMockBluetoothLeScanner);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_autoConnect_uuid_success_afterRetry() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new Operation<BluetoothGattConnection>(OperationType.CONNECT, mMockBluetoothDevice),
+                BluetoothGattHelper.LOW_LATENCY_SCAN_MILLIS))
+                .thenThrow(new BluetoothException("first attempt fails!"))
+                .thenReturn(mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+
+        BluetoothGattConnection result = mBluetoothGattHelper.autoConnect(SERVICE_UUID);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_autoConnect_uuid_failure_scanning() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(SCANNING_OPERATION,
+                BluetoothGattHelper.LOW_LATENCY_SCAN_MILLIS)).thenThrow(
+                new BluetoothException("Scanning failed"));
+
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattHelper.autoConnect(SERVICE_UUID);
+            fail("BluetoothException expected");
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_autoConnect_uuid_failure_connecting() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor.executeNonnull(
+                new Operation<BluetoothGattConnection>(OperationType.CONNECT, mMockBluetoothDevice),
+                CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS))
+                .thenThrow(new BluetoothException("Connect failed"));
+
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattHelper.autoConnect(SERVICE_UUID);
+            fail("BluetoothException expected");
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor, times(3))
+                .executeNonnull(
+                        new Operation<BluetoothGattConnection>(OperationType.CONNECT,
+                                mMockBluetoothDevice),
+                        CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_autoConnect_uuid_failure_noBle() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner()).thenReturn(null);
+
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattHelper.autoConnect(SERVICE_UUID);
+            fail("BluetoothException expected");
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_connect() throws Exception {
+        BluetoothGattConnection result = mBluetoothGattHelper.connect(mMockBluetoothDevice);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(mOperationCaptor.capture(), eq(CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothDevice).connectGatt(mMockApplicationContext, false,
+                mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback,
+                android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_LE);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.get(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).getDevice())
+                .isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothDevice);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_connect_withOptionAutoConnect_success() throws Exception {
+        BluetoothGattConnection result = mBluetoothGattHelper
+                .connect(
+                        mMockBluetoothDevice,
+                        ConnectionOptions.builder()
+                                .setAutoConnect(true)
+                                .build());
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).executeNonnull(mOperationCaptor.capture());
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothDevice).connectGatt(mMockApplicationContext, true,
+                mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback,
+                android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_LE);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.get(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)
+                .getConnectionOptions())
+                .isEqualTo(ConnectionOptions.builder()
+                        .setAutoConnect(true)
+                        .build());
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_connect_withOptionAutoConnect_failure_nullResult() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBluetoothDevice.connectGatt(eq(mMockApplicationContext), anyBoolean(),
+                eq(mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback),
+                eq(android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_LE))).thenReturn(null);
+
+        try {
+            mBluetoothGattHelper.connect(
+                    mMockBluetoothDevice,
+                    ConnectionOptions.builder()
+                            .setAutoConnect(true)
+                            .build());
+            verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).executeNonnull(mOperationCaptor.capture());
+            mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+            fail("BluetoothException expected");
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            // expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_connect_withOptionRequestConnectionPriority_success() throws Exception {
+        // Operation succeeds on the 3rd try.
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper
+                .requestConnectionPriority(BluetoothGatt.CONNECTION_PRIORITY_HIGH))
+                .thenReturn(false)
+                .thenReturn(false)
+                .thenReturn(true);
+
+        BluetoothGattConnection result = mBluetoothGattHelper
+                .connect(
+                        mMockBluetoothDevice,
+                        ConnectionOptions.builder()
+                                .setConnectionPriority(BluetoothGatt.CONNECTION_PRIORITY_HIGH)
+                                .build());
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(mOperationCaptor.capture(), eq(CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        mOperationCaptor.getValue().run();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothDevice).connectGatt(mMockApplicationContext, false,
+                mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback,
+                android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice.TRANSPORT_LE);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.get(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)
+                .getConnectionOptions())
+                .isEqualTo(ConnectionOptions.builder()
+                        .setConnectionPriority(BluetoothGatt.CONNECTION_PRIORITY_HIGH)
+                        .build());
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper, times(3))
+                .requestConnectionPriority(BluetoothGatt.CONNECTION_PRIORITY_HIGH);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_connect_cancel() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.connect(mMockBluetoothDevice);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .executeNonnull(mOperationCaptor.capture(), eq(CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS));
+        Operation<?> operation = mOperationCaptor.getValue();
+        operation.run();
+        operation.cancel();
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).disconnect();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).close();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.get(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onConnectionStateChange_connected_success()
+            throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.put(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onConnectionStateChange(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, BluetoothGatt.STATE_CONNECTED);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyCompletion(
+                new Operation<>(OperationType.CONNECT, mMockBluetoothDevice),
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattConnection).onConnected();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onConnectionStateChange_connected_success_withMtuOption()
+            throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.put(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattConnection.getConnectionOptions())
+                .thenReturn(BluetoothGattHelper.ConnectionOptions.builder()
+                        .setMtu(MTU)
+                        .build());
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.requestMtu(MTU)).thenReturn(true);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onConnectionStateChange(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, BluetoothGatt.STATE_CONNECTED);
+
+        verifyZeroInteractions(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattConnection, never()).onConnected();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).requestMtu(MTU);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onConnectionStateChange_connected_success_failMtuOption()
+            throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.put(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattConnection.getConnectionOptions())
+                .thenReturn(BluetoothGattHelper.ConnectionOptions.builder()
+                        .setMtu(MTU)
+                        .build());
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper.requestMtu(MTU)).thenReturn(false);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onConnectionStateChange(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, BluetoothGatt.STATE_CONNECTED);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyFailure(
+                eq(new Operation<>(OperationType.CONNECT, mMockBluetoothDevice)),
+                any(BluetoothException.class));
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattConnection, never()).onConnected();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).disconnect();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).close();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.get(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onConnectionStateChange_connected_unexpectedSuccess()
+            throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onConnectionStateChange(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, BluetoothGatt.STATE_CONNECTED);
+
+        verifyZeroInteractions(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onConnectionStateChange_connected_failure()
+            throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.put(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback
+                .onConnectionStateChange(
+                        mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                        BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE,
+                        BluetoothGatt.STATE_CONNECTED);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .notifyCompletion(
+                        new Operation<>(OperationType.CONNECT, mMockBluetoothDevice),
+                        BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE,
+                        null);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).disconnect();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).close();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.get(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onConnectionStateChange_disconnected_unexpectedSuccess()
+            throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback
+                .onConnectionStateChange(
+                        mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                        BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,
+                        BluetoothGatt.STATE_DISCONNECTED);
+
+        verifyZeroInteractions(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onConnectionStateChange_disconnected_notConnected()
+            throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.put(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattConnection.isConnected()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback
+                .onConnectionStateChange(
+                        mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                        GATT_STATUS,
+                        BluetoothGatt.STATE_DISCONNECTED);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .notifyCompletion(
+                        new Operation<>(OperationType.CONNECT, mMockBluetoothDevice),
+                        GATT_STATUS,
+                        null);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).disconnect();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).close();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.get(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onConnectionStateChange_disconnected_success()
+            throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.put(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattConnection.isConnected()).thenReturn(true);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onConnectionStateChange(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, BluetoothGatt.STATE_DISCONNECTED);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyCompletion(
+                new Operation<>(OperationType.DISCONNECT, mMockBluetoothDevice),
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattConnection).onClosed();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.get(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onConnectionStateChange_disconnected_failure()
+            throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.put(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattConnection.isConnected()).thenReturn(true);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onConnectionStateChange(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE, BluetoothGatt.STATE_DISCONNECTED);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyCompletion(
+                new Operation<>(OperationType.DISCONNECT, mMockBluetoothDevice),
+                BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattConnection).onClosed();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.get(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onServicesDiscovered() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onServicesDiscovered(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                GATT_STATUS);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyCompletion(
+                new Operation<Void>(OperationType.DISCOVER_SERVICES_INTERNAL,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattWrapper),
+                GATT_STATUS);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onCharacteristicRead() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onCharacteristicRead(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, GATT_STATUS);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyCompletion(new Operation<byte[]>(
+                        OperationType.READ_CHARACTERISTIC, mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic),
+                GATT_STATUS, CHARACTERISTIC_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onCharacteristicWrite() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onCharacteristicWrite(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic, GATT_STATUS);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyCompletion(new Operation<Void>(
+                        OperationType.WRITE_CHARACTERISTIC, mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic),
+                GATT_STATUS);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onDescriptorRead() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onDescriptorRead(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor, GATT_STATUS);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyCompletion(new Operation<byte[]>(
+                        OperationType.READ_DESCRIPTOR, mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor),
+                GATT_STATUS,
+                DESCRIPTOR_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onDescriptorWrite() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onDescriptorWrite(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor, GATT_STATUS);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyCompletion(new Operation<Void>(
+                        OperationType.WRITE_DESCRIPTOR, mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattDescriptor),
+                GATT_STATUS);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onReadRemoteRssi() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onReadRemoteRssi(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                RSSI, GATT_STATUS);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyCompletion(
+                new Operation<Integer>(OperationType.READ_RSSI, mMockBluetoothGattWrapper),
+                GATT_STATUS, RSSI);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onReliableWriteCompleted() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onReliableWriteCompleted(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                GATT_STATUS);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyCompletion(
+                new Operation<Void>(OperationType.WRITE_RELIABLE, mMockBluetoothGattWrapper),
+                GATT_STATUS);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onMtuChanged() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.put(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattConnection.isConnected()).thenReturn(true);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback
+                .onMtuChanged(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper, MTU, GATT_STATUS);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyCompletion(
+                new Operation<>(OperationType.CHANGE_MTU, mMockBluetoothGattWrapper), GATT_STATUS,
+                MTU);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBluetoothGattCallback_onMtuChangedDuringConnection_success() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.put(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattConnection.isConnected()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onMtuChanged(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper, MTU, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattConnection).onConnected();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .notifyCompletion(
+                        new Operation<>(OperationType.CONNECT, mMockBluetoothDevice),
+                        BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testBluetoothGattCallback_onMtuChangedDuringConnection_fail() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.put(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        when(mMockBluetoothGattConnection.isConnected()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback
+                .onMtuChanged(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper, MTU, GATT_STATUS);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattConnection).onConnected();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor)
+                .notifyCompletion(
+                        new Operation<>(OperationType.CONNECT, mMockBluetoothDevice),
+                        GATT_STATUS,
+                        mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).disconnect();
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper).close();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.get(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_BluetoothGattCallback_onCharacteristicChanged() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mConnections.put(mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattConnection);
+
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mBluetoothGattCallback.onCharacteristicChanged(
+                mMockBluetoothGattWrapper,
+                mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothGattConnection).onCharacteristicChanged(
+                mMockBluetoothGattCharacteristic,
+                CHARACTERISTIC_VALUE);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_ScanCallback_onScanFailed() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mScanCallback.onScanFailed(ScanCallback.SCAN_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifyFailure(
+                eq(new Operation<BluetoothDevice>(OperationType.SCAN)),
+                isA(BluetoothException.class));
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_ScanCallback_onScanResult() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothGattHelper.mScanCallback.onScanResult(ScanSettings.CALLBACK_TYPE_ALL_MATCHES,
+                mMockScanResult);
+
+        verify(mMockBluetoothOperationExecutor).notifySuccess(
+                new Operation<BluetoothDevice>(OperationType.SCAN), mMockBluetoothDevice);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAdapterTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAdapterTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9ab7da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothAdapterTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link BluetoothAdapter}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BluetoothAdapterTest {
+
+    private static final byte[] BYTES = new byte[]{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+    private static final String ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:AA:BB";
+
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser mBluetoothLeAdvertiser;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner mBluetoothLeScanner;
+
+    BluetoothAdapter mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.wrap(mBluetoothAdapter);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWrapNullAdapter_isNull() {
+        assertThat(BluetoothAdapter.wrap(null)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWrapNonNullAdapter_isNotNull_unWrapSame() {
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.unwrap()).isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothAdapter);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testDisable_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.disable()).thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.disable()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEnable_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.enable()).thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.enable()).isTrue();
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetBluetoothLeAdvertiser_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser()).thenReturn(mBluetoothLeAdvertiser);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser().unwrap())
+                .isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothLeAdvertiser);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetBluetoothLeScanner_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner()).thenReturn(mBluetoothLeScanner);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner().unwrap())
+                .isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothLeScanner);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetBondedDevices_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices()).thenReturn(null);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices()).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testIsDiscovering_pcallsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()).thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testStartDiscovery_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery()).thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCancelDiscovery_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery()).thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetRemoteDeviceBytes_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(BYTES)).thenReturn(mBluetoothDevice);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(BYTES).unwrap())
+                .isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothDevice);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetRemoteDeviceString_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(ADDRESS)).thenReturn(mBluetoothDevice);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(ADDRESS).unwrap())
+                .isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothDevice);
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothDeviceTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothDeviceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d494024
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothDeviceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link BluetoothDevice}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BluetoothDeviceTest {
+    private static final UUID UUID_CONST = UUID.randomUUID();
+    private static final String ADDRESS = "ADDRESS";
+    private static final String STRING = "STRING";
+
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt mBluetoothGatt;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket mBluetoothSocket;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothClass mBluetoothClass;
+
+    BluetoothDevice mTestabilityBluetoothDevice;
+    BluetoothGattCallback mTestBluetoothGattCallback;
+    Context mContext;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mTestabilityBluetoothDevice = BluetoothDevice.wrap(mBluetoothDevice);
+        mTestBluetoothGattCallback = new TestBluetoothGattCallback();
+        mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWrapNonNullAdapter_isNotNull_unWrapSame() {
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.unwrap()).isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothDevice);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEquality_asExpected() {
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.equals(null)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.equals(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.equals(BluetoothDevice.wrap(mBluetoothDevice)))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHashCode_asExpected() {
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.hashCode())
+                .isEqualTo(BluetoothDevice.wrap(mBluetoothDevice).hashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConnectGattWithThreeParameters_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice
+                .connectGatt(mContext, true, mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap()))
+                .thenReturn(mBluetoothGatt);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice
+                .connectGatt(mContext, true, mTestBluetoothGattCallback)
+                .unwrap())
+                .isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothGatt);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConnectGattWithFourParameters_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice
+                .connectGatt(mContext, true, mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap(), 1))
+                .thenReturn(mBluetoothGatt);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice
+                .connectGatt(mContext, true, mTestBluetoothGattCallback, 1)
+                .unwrap())
+                .isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothGatt);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreateRfcommSocketToServiceRecord_callsWrapped() throws IOException {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID_CONST))
+                .thenReturn(mBluetoothSocket);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID_CONST))
+                .isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothSocket);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreateInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord_callsWrapped() throws IOException {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID_CONST))
+                .thenReturn(mBluetoothSocket);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice
+                .createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID_CONST))
+                .isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothSocket);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSetPairingConfirmation_callsWrapped() throws IOException {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.setPairingConfirmation(true)).thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.setPairingConfirmation(true)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testFetchUuidsWithSdp_callsWrapped() throws IOException {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.fetchUuidsWithSdp()).thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.fetchUuidsWithSdp()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCreateBond_callsWrapped() throws IOException {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.createBond()).thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.createBond()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetUuids_callsWrapped() throws IOException {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.getUuids()).thenReturn(null);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.getUuids()).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetBondState_callsWrapped() throws IOException {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.getBondState()).thenReturn(1);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.getBondState()).isEqualTo(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetAddress_callsWrapped() throws IOException {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.getAddress()).thenReturn(ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.getAddress()).isSameInstanceAs(ADDRESS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetBluetoothClass_callsWrapped() throws IOException {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.getBluetoothClass()).thenReturn(mBluetoothClass);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.getBluetoothClass())
+                .isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothClass);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetType_callsWrapped() throws IOException {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.getType()).thenReturn(1);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.getType()).isEqualTo(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetName_callsWrapped() throws IOException {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.getName()).thenReturn(STRING);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.getName()).isSameInstanceAs(STRING);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testToString_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothDevice.toString()).thenReturn(STRING);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothDevice.toString()).isSameInstanceAs(STRING);
+    }
+
+    private static class TestBluetoothGattCallback extends BluetoothGattCallback {}
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattCallbackTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattCallbackTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26ae6d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattCallbackTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link BluetoothGattCallback}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BluetoothGattCallbackTest {
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt mBluetoothGatt;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic mBluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor mBluetoothGattDescriptor;
+
+    TestBluetoothGattCallback mTestBluetoothGattCallback = new TestBluetoothGattCallback();
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnConnectionStateChange_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap()
+                .onConnectionStateChange(mBluetoothGatt, 1, 1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnServiceDiscovered_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap().onServicesDiscovered(mBluetoothGatt, 1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnCharacteristicRead_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap().onCharacteristicRead(mBluetoothGatt,
+                mBluetoothGattCharacteristic, 1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnCharacteristicWrite_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap().onCharacteristicWrite(mBluetoothGatt,
+                mBluetoothGattCharacteristic, 1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnDescriptionRead_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap().onDescriptorRead(mBluetoothGatt,
+                mBluetoothGattDescriptor, 1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnDescriptionWrite_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap().onDescriptorWrite(mBluetoothGatt,
+                mBluetoothGattDescriptor, 1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnReadRemoteRssi_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap().onReadRemoteRssi(mBluetoothGatt, 1, 1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnReliableWriteCompleted_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap().onReliableWriteCompleted(mBluetoothGatt, 1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnMtuChanged_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap().onMtuChanged(mBluetoothGatt, 1, 1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnCharacteristicChanged_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattCallback.unwrap()
+                .onCharacteristicChanged(mBluetoothGatt, mBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+    }
+
+    private static class TestBluetoothGattCallback extends BluetoothGattCallback { }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerCallbackTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerCallbackTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb99317
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerCallbackTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link BluetoothGattServerCallback}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BluetoothGattServerCallbackTest {
+    @Mock
+    private android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice;
+    @Mock
+    private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService mBluetoothGattService;
+    @Mock
+    private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic mBluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+    @Mock
+    private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor mBluetoothGattDescriptor;
+
+    TestBluetoothGattServerCallback
+            mTestBluetoothGattServerCallback = new TestBluetoothGattServerCallback();
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnCharacteristicReadRequest_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattServerCallback.unwrap().onCharacteristicReadRequest(
+                mBluetoothDevice, 1, 1, mBluetoothGattCharacteristic);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnCharacteristicWriteRequest_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattServerCallback.unwrap().onCharacteristicWriteRequest(
+                mBluetoothDevice,
+                1,
+                mBluetoothGattCharacteristic,
+                false,
+                true,
+                1,
+                new byte[]{1});
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnConnectionStateChange_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattServerCallback.unwrap().onConnectionStateChange(
+                mBluetoothDevice,
+                1,
+                2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnDescriptorReadRequest_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattServerCallback.unwrap().onDescriptorReadRequest(
+                mBluetoothDevice,
+                1,
+                2, mBluetoothGattDescriptor);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnDescriptorWriteRequest_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattServerCallback.unwrap().onDescriptorWriteRequest(
+                mBluetoothDevice,
+                1,
+                mBluetoothGattDescriptor,
+                false,
+                true,
+                2,
+                new byte[]{1});
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnExecuteWrite_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattServerCallback.unwrap().onExecuteWrite(
+                mBluetoothDevice,
+                1,
+                false);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnMtuChanged_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattServerCallback.unwrap().onMtuChanged(
+                mBluetoothDevice,
+                1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnNotificationSent_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattServerCallback.unwrap().onNotificationSent(
+                mBluetoothDevice,
+                1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnServiceAdded_notCrash() {
+        mTestBluetoothGattServerCallback.unwrap().onServiceAdded(1, mBluetoothGattService);
+    }
+
+    private static class TestBluetoothGattServerCallback extends BluetoothGattServerCallback { }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..48283d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattServerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link BluetoothGattServer}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BluetoothGattServerTest {
+    private static final UUID UUID_CONST = UUID.randomUUID();
+    private static final byte[] BYTES = new byte[]{1, 2, 3};
+
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer mBluetoothGattServer;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService mBluetoothGattService;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic mBluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+
+    BluetoothGattServer mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer = BluetoothGattServer.wrap(mBluetoothGattServer);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWrapNonNullAdapter_isNotNull_unWrapSame() {
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer.unwrap()).isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothGattServer);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConnect_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGattServer
+                .connect(mBluetoothDevice, true))
+                .thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer
+                .connect(BluetoothDevice.wrap(mBluetoothDevice), true))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testAddService_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGattServer
+                .addService(mBluetoothGattService))
+                .thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer
+                .addService(mBluetoothGattService))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testClearServices_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mBluetoothGattServer).clearServices();
+        mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer.clearServices();
+        verify(mBluetoothGattServer).clearServices();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testClose_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mBluetoothGattServer).close();
+        mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer.close();
+        verify(mBluetoothGattServer).close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNotifyCharacteristicChanged_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGattServer
+                .notifyCharacteristicChanged(
+                        mBluetoothDevice,
+                        mBluetoothGattCharacteristic,
+                        true))
+                .thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer
+                .notifyCharacteristicChanged(
+                        BluetoothDevice.wrap(mBluetoothDevice),
+                        mBluetoothGattCharacteristic,
+                        true))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSendResponse_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(
+                mBluetoothDevice, 1, 1, 1, BYTES)).thenReturn(true);
+        mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer.sendResponse(
+                BluetoothDevice.wrap(mBluetoothDevice), 1, 1, 1, BYTES);
+        verify(mBluetoothGattServer).sendResponse(
+                mBluetoothDevice, 1, 1, 1, BYTES);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testCancelConnection_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mBluetoothGattServer).cancelConnection(mBluetoothDevice);
+        mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer.cancelConnection(BluetoothDevice.wrap(mBluetoothDevice));
+        verify(mBluetoothGattServer).cancelConnection(mBluetoothDevice);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetService_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGattServer.getService(UUID_CONST)).thenReturn(null);
+        assertThat(mTestabilityBluetoothGattServer.getService(UUID_CONST)).isNull();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattWrapperTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattWrapperTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a03a255
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGattWrapperTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link BluetoothGattWrapper}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BluetoothGattWrapperTest {
+    private static final UUID UUID_CONST = UUID.randomUUID();
+    private static final byte[] BYTES = new byte[]{1, 2, 3};
+
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt mBluetoothGatt;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService mBluetoothGattService;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic mBluetoothGattCharacteristic;
+    @Mock private android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor mBluetoothGattDescriptor;
+
+    BluetoothGattWrapper mBluetoothGattWrapper;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mBluetoothGattWrapper = BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(mBluetoothGatt);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWrapNonNullAdapter_isNotNull_unWrapSame() {
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.unwrap()).isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothGatt);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testEquality_asExpected() {
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.equals(null)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.equals(mBluetoothGattWrapper)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.equals(BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(mBluetoothGatt)))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetDevice_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.getDevice()).thenReturn(mBluetoothDevice);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.getDevice().unwrap()).isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothDevice);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testHashCode_asExpected() {
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.hashCode())
+                .isEqualTo(BluetoothGattWrapper.wrap(mBluetoothGatt).hashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetServices_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.getServices()).thenReturn(null);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.getServices()).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetService_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.getService(UUID_CONST)).thenReturn(mBluetoothGattService);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.getService(UUID_CONST))
+                .isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothGattService);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testDiscoverServices_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices()).thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.discoverServices()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testReadCharacteristic_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(mBluetoothGattCharacteristic)).thenReturn(true);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.readCharacteristic(mBluetoothGattCharacteristic)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteCharacteristic_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(mBluetoothGattCharacteristic, BYTES, 1))
+                .thenReturn(1);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.writeCharacteristic(
+                mBluetoothGattCharacteristic, BYTES, 1)).isEqualTo(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testReadDescriptor_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.readDescriptor(mBluetoothGattDescriptor)).thenReturn(false);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.readDescriptor(mBluetoothGattDescriptor)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWriteDescriptor_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(mBluetoothGattDescriptor, BYTES)).thenReturn(5);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.writeDescriptor(mBluetoothGattDescriptor, BYTES))
+                .isEqualTo(5);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testReadRemoteRssi_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.readRemoteRssi()).thenReturn(false);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.readRemoteRssi()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testRequestConnectionPriority_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.requestConnectionPriority(5)).thenReturn(false);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.requestConnectionPriority(5)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testRequestMtu_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.requestMtu(5)).thenReturn(false);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper.requestMtu(5)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSetCharacteristicNotification_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mBluetoothGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(mBluetoothGattCharacteristic, true))
+                .thenReturn(false);
+        assertThat(mBluetoothGattWrapper
+                .setCharacteristicNotification(mBluetoothGattCharacteristic, true)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testDisconnect_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mBluetoothGatt).disconnect();
+        mBluetoothGattWrapper.disconnect();
+        verify(mBluetoothGatt).disconnect();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testClose_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mBluetoothGatt).close();
+        mBluetoothGattWrapper.close();
+        verify(mBluetoothGatt).close();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothAdvertiserTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothAdvertiserTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8468ed1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothAdvertiserTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseCallback;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link BluetoothLeAdvertiser}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BluetoothAdvertiserTest {
+    @Mock android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser mWrappedBluetoothLeAdvertiser;
+    @Mock AdvertiseSettings mAdvertiseSettings;
+    @Mock AdvertiseData mAdvertiseData;
+    @Mock AdvertiseCallback mAdvertiseCallback;
+
+    BluetoothLeAdvertiser mBluetoothLeAdvertiser;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mBluetoothLeAdvertiser = BluetoothLeAdvertiser.wrap(mWrappedBluetoothLeAdvertiser);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWrapNullAdapter_isNull() {
+        assertThat(BluetoothLeAdvertiser.wrap(null)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWrapNonNullAdapter_isNotNull_unWrapSame() {
+        assertThat(mWrappedBluetoothLeAdvertiser).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothLeAdvertiser.unwrap()).isSameInstanceAs(mWrappedBluetoothLeAdvertiser);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testStartAdvertisingThreeParameters_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mWrappedBluetoothLeAdvertiser)
+                .startAdvertising(mAdvertiseSettings, mAdvertiseData, mAdvertiseCallback);
+        mBluetoothLeAdvertiser
+                .startAdvertising(mAdvertiseSettings, mAdvertiseData, mAdvertiseCallback);
+        verify(mWrappedBluetoothLeAdvertiser).startAdvertising(
+                mAdvertiseSettings, mAdvertiseData, mAdvertiseCallback);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testStartAdvertisingFourParameters_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mWrappedBluetoothLeAdvertiser).startAdvertising(
+                mAdvertiseSettings, mAdvertiseData, mAdvertiseData, mAdvertiseCallback);
+        mBluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(
+                mAdvertiseSettings, mAdvertiseData, mAdvertiseData, mAdvertiseCallback);
+        verify(mWrappedBluetoothLeAdvertiser).startAdvertising(
+                mAdvertiseSettings, mAdvertiseData, mAdvertiseData, mAdvertiseCallback);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testStopAdvertising_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mWrappedBluetoothLeAdvertiser).stopAdvertising(mAdvertiseCallback);
+        mBluetoothLeAdvertiser.stopAdvertising(mAdvertiseCallback);
+        verify(mWrappedBluetoothLeAdvertiser).stopAdvertising(mAdvertiseCallback);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothLeScannerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothLeScannerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3fce54f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/BluetoothLeScannerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.app.PendingIntent;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanFilter;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanSettings;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link BluetoothLeScanner}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BluetoothLeScannerTest {
+    @Mock android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeScanner mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner;
+    @Mock PendingIntent mPendingIntent;
+    @Mock ScanSettings mScanSettings;
+    @Mock ScanFilter mScanFilter;
+
+    TestScanCallback mTestScanCallback = new TestScanCallback();
+    BluetoothLeScanner mBluetoothLeScanner;
+    ImmutableList<ScanFilter> mImmutableScanFilterList;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mBluetoothLeScanner = BluetoothLeScanner.wrap(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner);
+        mImmutableScanFilterList = ImmutableList.of(mScanFilter);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWrapNullAdapter_isNull() {
+        assertThat(BluetoothLeAdvertiser.wrap(null)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWrapNonNullAdapter_isNotNull_unWrapSame() {
+        assertThat(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mBluetoothLeScanner.unwrap()).isSameInstanceAs(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testStartScan_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner).startScan(mTestScanCallback.unwrap());
+        mBluetoothLeScanner.startScan(mTestScanCallback);
+        verify(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner).startScan(mTestScanCallback.unwrap());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testStartScanWithFiltersCallback_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner)
+                .startScan(mImmutableScanFilterList, mScanSettings, mTestScanCallback.unwrap());
+        mBluetoothLeScanner.startScan(mImmutableScanFilterList, mScanSettings, mTestScanCallback);
+        verify(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner)
+                .startScan(mImmutableScanFilterList, mScanSettings, mTestScanCallback.unwrap());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testStartScanWithFiltersCallbackIntent_callsWrapped() {
+        when(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner.startScan(
+                mImmutableScanFilterList, mScanSettings, mPendingIntent)).thenReturn(1);
+        mBluetoothLeScanner.startScan(mImmutableScanFilterList, mScanSettings, mPendingIntent);
+        verify(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner)
+                .startScan(mImmutableScanFilterList, mScanSettings, mPendingIntent);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testStopScan_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner).stopScan(mTestScanCallback.unwrap());
+        mBluetoothLeScanner.stopScan(mTestScanCallback);
+        verify(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner).stopScan(mTestScanCallback.unwrap());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testStopScanPendingIntent_callsWrapped() {
+        doNothing().when(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner).stopScan(mPendingIntent);
+        mBluetoothLeScanner.stopScan(mPendingIntent);
+        verify(mWrappedBluetoothLeScanner).stopScan(mPendingIntent);
+    }
+
+    private static class TestScanCallback extends ScanCallback {};
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanCallbackTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanCallbackTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d68486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanCallbackTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link ScanCallback}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class ScanCallbackTest {
+    @Mock android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult mScanResult;
+
+    TestScanCallback mTestScanCallback = new TestScanCallback();
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnScanFailed_notCrash() {
+        mTestScanCallback.unwrap().onScanFailed(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnScanResult_notCrash() {
+        mTestScanCallback.unwrap().onScanResult(1, mScanResult);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnBatchScanResult_notCrash() {
+        mTestScanCallback.unwrap().onBatchScanResults(ImmutableList.of(mScanResult));
+    }
+
+    private static class TestScanCallback extends ScanCallback { }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanResultTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanResultTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..255c178
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/testability/android/bluetooth/le/ScanResultTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.android.bluetooth.le;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link ScanResult}.
+ */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class ScanResultTest {
+
+    @Mock android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult mWrappedScanResult;
+    @Mock android.bluetooth.le.ScanRecord mScanRecord;
+    @Mock android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice;
+    ScanResult mScanResult;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mScanResult = ScanResult.wrap(mWrappedScanResult);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetScanRecord_calledWrapped() {
+        when(mWrappedScanResult.getScanRecord()).thenReturn(mScanRecord);
+        assertThat(mScanResult.getScanRecord()).isSameInstanceAs(mScanRecord);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetRssi_calledWrapped() {
+        when(mWrappedScanResult.getRssi()).thenReturn(3);
+        assertThat(mScanResult.getRssi()).isEqualTo(3);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetTimestampNanos_calledWrapped() {
+        when(mWrappedScanResult.getTimestampNanos()).thenReturn(4L);
+        assertThat(mScanResult.getTimestampNanos()).isEqualTo(4L);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetDevice_calledWrapped() {
+        when(mWrappedScanResult.getDevice()).thenReturn(mBluetoothDevice);
+        assertThat(mScanResult.getDevice().unwrap()).isSameInstanceAs(mBluetoothDevice);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothGattUtilsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothGattUtilsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7535c06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothGattUtilsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothGattUtils.getMessageForStatusCode;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+
+/** Unit tests for {@link BluetoothGattUtils}. */
+@Presubmit
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class BluetoothGattUtilsTest {
+    private static final ImmutableSet<String> GATT_HIDDEN_CONSTANTS = ImmutableSet.of(
+            "GATT_WRITE_REQUEST_BUSY", "GATT_WRITE_REQUEST_FAIL", "GATT_WRITE_REQUEST_SUCCESS");
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetMessageForStatusCode() throws Exception {
+        Field[] publicFields = BluetoothGatt.class.getFields();
+        for (Field field : publicFields) {
+            if ((field.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0
+                    || field.getDeclaringClass() != BluetoothGatt.class) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            String fieldName = field.getName();
+            if (!fieldName.startsWith("GATT_") || GATT_HIDDEN_CONSTANTS.contains(fieldName)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            int fieldValue = (Integer) field.get(null);
+            assertThat(getMessageForStatusCode(fieldValue)).isEqualTo(fieldName);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothOperationExecutorTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothOperationExecutorTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b3ebab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/bluetooth/util/BluetoothOperationExecutorTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.BluetoothException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.NonnullProvider;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.testability.TimeProvider;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.BluetoothOperationTimeoutException;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.Operation;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.util.BluetoothOperationExecutor.SynchronousOperation;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;
+import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link BluetoothOperationExecutor}.
+ */
+public class BluetoothOperationExecutorTest extends TestCase {
+
+    private static final String OPERATION_RESULT = "result";
+    private static final String EXCEPTION_REASON = "exception";
+    private static final long TIME = 1234;
+    private static final long TIMEOUT = 121212;
+
+    @Mock
+    private NonnullProvider<BlockingQueue<Object>> mMockBlockingQueueProvider;
+    @Mock
+    private TimeProvider mMockTimeProvider;
+    @Mock
+    private BlockingQueue<Object> mMockBlockingQueue;
+    @Mock
+    private Semaphore mMockSemaphore;
+    @Mock
+    private Operation<String> mMockStringOperation;
+    @Mock
+    private Operation<Void> mMockVoidOperation;
+    @Mock
+    private Future<Object> mMockFuture;
+    @Mock
+    private Future<Object> mMockFuture2;
+
+    private BluetoothOperationExecutor mBluetoothOperationExecutor;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+
+        initMocks(this);
+
+        when(mMockBlockingQueueProvider.get()).thenReturn(mMockBlockingQueue);
+        when(mMockSemaphore.tryAcquire()).thenReturn(true);
+        when(mMockTimeProvider.getTimeMillis()).thenReturn(TIME);
+
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor =
+                new BluetoothOperationExecutor(mMockSemaphore, mMockTimeProvider,
+                        mMockBlockingQueueProvider);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testExecute() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBlockingQueue.take()).thenReturn(OPERATION_RESULT);
+
+        String result = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.execute(mMockStringOperation);
+
+        verify(mMockStringOperation).execute(mBluetoothOperationExecutor);
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(OPERATION_RESULT);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testExecuteWithTimeout() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBlockingQueue.poll(TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)).thenReturn(OPERATION_RESULT);
+
+        String result = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.execute(mMockStringOperation, TIMEOUT);
+
+        verify(mMockStringOperation).execute(mBluetoothOperationExecutor);
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(OPERATION_RESULT);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testSchedule() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBlockingQueue.poll(TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)).thenReturn(OPERATION_RESULT);
+
+        Future<String> result = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(mMockStringOperation);
+
+        verify(mMockStringOperation).execute(mBluetoothOperationExecutor);
+        assertThat(result.get(TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)).isEqualTo(OPERATION_RESULT);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testScheduleOtherOperationInProgress() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockSemaphore.tryAcquire()).thenReturn(false);
+        when(mMockBlockingQueue.poll(TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)).thenReturn(OPERATION_RESULT);
+
+        Future<String> result = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(mMockStringOperation);
+
+        verify(mMockStringOperation, never()).run();
+
+        when(mMockSemaphore.tryAcquire(TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)).thenReturn(true);
+
+        assertThat(result.get(TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)).isEqualTo(OPERATION_RESULT);
+        verify(mMockStringOperation).execute(mBluetoothOperationExecutor);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNotifySuccessWithResult() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBlockingQueueProvider.get()).thenReturn(new LinkedBlockingDeque<Object>());
+        Future<String> future = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(mMockStringOperation);
+
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifySuccess(mMockStringOperation, OPERATION_RESULT);
+
+        assertThat(future.get(1, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)).isEqualTo(OPERATION_RESULT);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNotifySuccessTwice() throws Exception {
+        BlockingQueue<Object> resultQueue = new LinkedBlockingDeque<Object>();
+        when(mMockBlockingQueueProvider.get()).thenReturn(resultQueue);
+        Future<String> future = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(mMockStringOperation);
+
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifySuccess(mMockStringOperation, OPERATION_RESULT);
+
+        assertThat(future.get(1, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)).isEqualTo(OPERATION_RESULT);
+
+        // the second notification should be ignored
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifySuccess(mMockStringOperation, OPERATION_RESULT);
+        assertThat(resultQueue).isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNotifySuccessWithNullResult() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBlockingQueueProvider.get()).thenReturn(new LinkedBlockingDeque<Object>());
+        Future<String> future = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(mMockStringOperation);
+
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifySuccess(mMockStringOperation, null);
+
+        assertThat(future.get(1, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNotifySuccess() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBlockingQueueProvider.get()).thenReturn(new LinkedBlockingDeque<Object>());
+        Future<Void> future = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(mMockVoidOperation);
+
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor.notifySuccess(mMockVoidOperation);
+
+        future.get(1, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNotifyCompletionSuccess() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBlockingQueueProvider.get()).thenReturn(new LinkedBlockingDeque<Object>());
+        Future<Void> future = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(mMockVoidOperation);
+
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor
+                .notifyCompletion(mMockVoidOperation, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS);
+
+        future.get(1, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNotifyCompletionFailure() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBlockingQueueProvider.get()).thenReturn(new LinkedBlockingDeque<Object>());
+        Future<Void> future = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(mMockVoidOperation);
+
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor
+                .notifyCompletion(mMockVoidOperation, BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE);
+
+        try {
+            BluetoothOperationExecutor.getResult(future, 1);
+            fail("Expected BluetoothException");
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            //expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testNotifyFailure() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBlockingQueueProvider.get()).thenReturn(new LinkedBlockingDeque<Object>());
+        Future<Void> future = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(mMockVoidOperation);
+
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor
+                .notifyFailure(mMockVoidOperation, new BluetoothException("test"));
+
+        try {
+            BluetoothOperationExecutor.getResult(future, 1);
+            fail("Expected BluetoothException");
+        } catch (BluetoothException e) {
+            //expected
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWaitFor() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor.waitFor(Arrays.asList(mMockFuture, mMockFuture2));
+
+        verify(mMockFuture).get();
+        verify(mMockFuture2).get();
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testWaitForWithTimeout() throws Exception {
+        mBluetoothOperationExecutor.waitFor(
+                Arrays.asList(mMockFuture, mMockFuture2),
+                TIMEOUT);
+
+        verify(mMockFuture).get(TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        verify(mMockFuture2).get(TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetResult() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockFuture.get()).thenReturn(OPERATION_RESULT);
+
+        Object result = BluetoothOperationExecutor.getResult(mMockFuture);
+
+        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(OPERATION_RESULT);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testGetResultWithTimeout() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockFuture.get(TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)).thenThrow(new TimeoutException());
+
+        try {
+            BluetoothOperationExecutor.getResult(mMockFuture, TIMEOUT);
+            fail("Expected BluetoothOperationTimeoutException");
+        } catch (BluetoothOperationTimeoutException e) {
+            //expected
+        }
+        verify(mMockFuture).cancel(true);
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_SynchronousOperation_execute() throws Exception {
+        when(mMockBlockingQueueProvider.get()).thenReturn(mMockBlockingQueue);
+        SynchronousOperation<String> synchronousOperation = new SynchronousOperation<String>() {
+            @Override
+            public String call() throws BluetoothException {
+                return OPERATION_RESULT;
+            }
+        };
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unused") // future return.
+        Future<?> possiblyIgnoredError = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(synchronousOperation);
+
+        verify(mMockBlockingQueue).add(OPERATION_RESULT);
+        verify(mMockSemaphore).release();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_SynchronousOperation_exception() throws Exception {
+        final BluetoothException exception = new BluetoothException(EXCEPTION_REASON);
+        when(mMockBlockingQueueProvider.get()).thenReturn(mMockBlockingQueue);
+        SynchronousOperation<String> synchronousOperation = new SynchronousOperation<String>() {
+            @Override
+            public String call() throws BluetoothException {
+                throw exception;
+            }
+        };
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unused") // future return.
+        Future<?> possiblyIgnoredError = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(synchronousOperation);
+
+        verify(mMockBlockingQueue).add(exception);
+        verify(mMockSemaphore).release();
+    }
+
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_AsynchronousOperation_exception() throws Exception {
+        final BluetoothException exception = new BluetoothException(EXCEPTION_REASON);
+        when(mMockBlockingQueueProvider.get()).thenReturn(mMockBlockingQueue);
+        Operation<String> operation = new Operation<String>() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() throws BluetoothException {
+                throw exception;
+            }
+        };
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unused") // future return.
+        Future<?> possiblyIgnoredError = mBluetoothOperationExecutor.schedule(operation);
+
+        verify(mMockBlockingQueue).add(exception);
+        verify(mMockSemaphore).release();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/EventLoopTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/EventLoopTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bebb2f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/EventLoopTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.rules.ExpectedException;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+
+public class EventLoopTest {
+    private static final String TAG = "EventLoopTest";
+
+    private final EventLoop mEventLoop = EventLoop.newInstance(TAG);
+    private final List<Integer> mExecutedRunnables = new ArrayList<>();
+    @Rule
+    public ExpectedException thrown = ExpectedException.none();
+
+    @Test
+    public void remove() {
+        mEventLoop.postRunnable(new NumberedRunnable(0));
+        NumberedRunnable runnableToAddAndRemove = new NumberedRunnable(1);
+        mEventLoop.postRunnable(runnableToAddAndRemove);
+        mEventLoop.removeRunnable(runnableToAddAndRemove);
+        mEventLoop.postRunnable(new NumberedRunnable(2));
+        assertThat(mExecutedRunnables).doesNotContain(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void isPosted() {
+        NumberedRunnable runnable = new NumberedRunnable(0);
+        mEventLoop.postRunnableDelayed(runnable, 10 * 1000L);
+        assertThat(mEventLoop.isPosted(runnable)).isTrue();
+        mEventLoop.removeRunnable(runnable);
+        assertThat(mEventLoop.isPosted(runnable)).isFalse();
+
+        // Let a runnable execute, then verify that it's not posted.
+        mEventLoop.postRunnable(runnable);
+        assertThat(mEventLoop.isPosted(runnable)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void postAndWaitAfterDestroy() throws InterruptedException {
+        mEventLoop.destroy();
+        mEventLoop.postAndWait(new NumberedRunnable(0));
+
+        assertThat(mExecutedRunnables).isEmpty();
+    }
+
+
+    private class NumberedRunnable extends NamedRunnable {
+        private final int mId;
+
+        private NumberedRunnable(int id) {
+            super("NumberedRunnable:" + id);
+            this.mId = id;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            // Note: when running in robolectric, this is not actually executed on a different
+            // thread, it's executed in the same thread the test runs in, so this is safe.
+            mExecutedRunnables.add(mId);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/HandlerEventLoopImplTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/HandlerEventLoopImplTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4775456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/HandlerEventLoopImplTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.rules.ExpectedException;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class HandlerEventLoopImplTest {
+    private static final String TAG = "HandlerEventLoopImplTest";
+    private final HandlerEventLoopImpl mHandlerEventLoopImpl =
+            new HandlerEventLoopImpl(TAG);
+    private final List<Integer> mExecutedRunnables = new ArrayList<>();
+    @Rule
+    public ExpectedException thrown = ExpectedException.none();
+
+    @Test
+    public void remove() {
+        mHandlerEventLoopImpl.postRunnable(new NumberedRunnable(0));
+        NumberedRunnable runnableToAddAndRemove = new NumberedRunnable(1);
+        mHandlerEventLoopImpl.postRunnable(runnableToAddAndRemove);
+        mHandlerEventLoopImpl.removeRunnable(runnableToAddAndRemove);
+        mHandlerEventLoopImpl.postRunnable(new NumberedRunnable(2));
+        assertThat(mExecutedRunnables).doesNotContain(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void isPosted() {
+        NumberedRunnable runnable = new HandlerEventLoopImplTest.NumberedRunnable(0);
+        mHandlerEventLoopImpl.postRunnableDelayed(runnable, 10 * 1000L);
+        assertThat(mHandlerEventLoopImpl.isPosted(runnable)).isTrue();
+        mHandlerEventLoopImpl.removeRunnable(runnable);
+        assertThat(mHandlerEventLoopImpl.isPosted(runnable)).isFalse();
+
+        // Let a runnable execute, then verify that it's not posted.
+        mHandlerEventLoopImpl.postRunnable(runnable);
+        assertThat(mHandlerEventLoopImpl.isPosted(runnable)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void postAndWaitAfterDestroy() throws InterruptedException {
+        mHandlerEventLoopImpl.destroy();
+        mHandlerEventLoopImpl.postAndWait(new HandlerEventLoopImplTest.NumberedRunnable(0));
+        assertThat(mExecutedRunnables).isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void postEmptyQueueRunnable() {
+        mHandlerEventLoopImpl.postEmptyQueueRunnable(
+                new HandlerEventLoopImplTest.NumberedRunnable(0));
+    }
+
+    private class NumberedRunnable extends NamedRunnable {
+        private final int mId;
+
+        private NumberedRunnable(int id) {
+            super("NumberedRunnable:" + id);
+            this.mId = id;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            // Note: when running in robolectric, this is not actually executed on a different
+            // thread, it's executed in the same thread the test runs in, so this is safe.
+            mExecutedRunnables.add(mId);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/NamedRunnableTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/NamedRunnableTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7005da1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/eventloop/NamedRunnableTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class NamedRunnableTest {
+    private static final String TAG = "NamedRunnableTest";
+
+    @Test
+    public void testToString() {
+        assertThat(mNamedRunnable.toString()).isEqualTo("Runnable[" + TAG +  "]");
+    }
+
+    private final NamedRunnable mNamedRunnable = new NamedRunnable(TAG) {
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+        }
+    };
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/fastpair/IconUtilsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/fastpair/IconUtilsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d39d9cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/fastpair/IconUtilsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.graphics.Bitmap;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+public class IconUtilsTest {
+    private static final int MIN_ICON_SIZE = 16;
+    private static final int DESIRED_ICON_SIZE = 32;
+    @Mock
+    Context mContext;
+
+    @Test
+    public void isIconSizedCorrectly() {
+        // Null bitmap is not sized correctly
+        assertThat(IconUtils.isIconSizeCorrect(null)).isFalse();
+
+        int minIconSize = MIN_ICON_SIZE;
+        int desiredIconSize = DESIRED_ICON_SIZE;
+
+        // Bitmap that is 1x1 pixels is not sized correctly
+        Bitmap icon = Bitmap.createBitmap(1, 1, Bitmap.Config.ALPHA_8);
+        assertThat(IconUtils.isIconSizeCorrect(icon)).isFalse();
+
+        // Bitmap is categorized as small, and not regular
+        icon = Bitmap.createBitmap(minIconSize + 1,
+                minIconSize + 1, Bitmap.Config.ALPHA_8);
+        assertThat(IconUtils.isIconSizeCorrect(icon)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(IconUtils.isIconSizedSmall(icon)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(IconUtils.isIconSizedRegular(icon)).isFalse();
+
+        // Bitmap is categorized as regular, but not small
+        icon = Bitmap.createBitmap(desiredIconSize + 1,
+                desiredIconSize + 1, Bitmap.Config.ALPHA_8);
+        assertThat(IconUtils.isIconSizeCorrect(icon)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(IconUtils.isIconSizedSmall(icon)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(IconUtils.isIconSizedRegular(icon)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAddWhiteCircleBackground() {
+        int minIconSize = MIN_ICON_SIZE;
+        Bitmap icon = Bitmap.createBitmap(minIconSize + 1, minIconSize + 1,
+                Bitmap.Config.ALPHA_8);
+
+        assertThat(
+                IconUtils.isIconSizeCorrect(IconUtils.addWhiteCircleBackground(mContext, icon)))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/LocatorTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/LocatorTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3a4e55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/locator/LocatorTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.locator;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop.EventLoop;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairAdvHandler;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairModule;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.FastPairCacheManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.time.Clock;
+
+import src.com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.testing.MockingLocator;
+
+public class LocatorTest {
+    private Locator mLocator;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mLocator = src.com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.testing.MockingLocator.withMocksOnly(
+                ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext());
+        mLocator.bind(new FastPairModule());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void genericConstructor() {
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(FastPairCacheManager.class)).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(FootprintsDeviceManager.class)).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(EventLoop.class)).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(FastPairHalfSheetManager.class)).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(FastPairAdvHandler.class)).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(Clock.class)).isNotNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void genericDestroy() {
+        mLocator.destroy();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getOptional() {
+        assertThat(mLocator.getOptional(FastPairModule.class)).isNotNull();
+        mLocator.removeBindingForTest(FastPairModule.class);
+        assertThat(mLocator.getOptional(FastPairModule.class)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getParent() {
+        assertThat(mLocator.getParent()).isNotNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getUnboundErrorMessage() {
+        assertThat(mLocator.getUnboundErrorMessage(FastPairModule.class))
+                .isEqualTo(
+                        "Unbound type: com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairModule\n"
+                        + "Searched locators:\n" + "android.app.Application ->\n"
+                                + "android.app.Application ->\n" + "android.app.Application");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getContextForTest() {
+        src.com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.testing.MockingLocator  mockingLocator =
+                new MockingLocator(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(), mLocator);
+        assertThat(mockingLocator.getContextForTest()).isNotNull();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/PackageWatcherTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/PackageWatcherTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eafc7db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/common/servicemonitor/PackageWatcherTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.common.servicemonitor;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.content.Intent;
+
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class PackageWatcherTest {
+    private PackageWatcher mPackageWatcher = new PackageWatcher() {
+        @Override
+        public void onSomePackagesChanged() {
+        }
+    };
+
+    @Test
+    public void getPackageName() {
+        Intent intent = new Intent("Action", null);
+        assertThat(mPackageWatcher.getPackageName(intent)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onReceive() {
+        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGES_UNSUSPENDED, null);
+        mPackageWatcher.onReceive(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(), intent);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairAdvHandlerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairAdvHandlerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39ea5a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairAdvHandlerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.FastPairDevice;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bloomfilter.BloomFilter;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.notification.FastPairNotificationManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.provider.FastPairDataProvider;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+import service.proto.Data;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+
+public class FastPairAdvHandlerTest {
+    @Mock
+    private Context mContext;
+    @Mock
+    private FastPairDataProvider mFastPairDataProvider;
+    @Mock
+    private FastPairHalfSheetManager mFastPairHalfSheetManager;
+    @Mock
+    private FastPairNotificationManager mFastPairNotificationManager;
+    @Mock
+    private BloomFilter mBloomFilter;
+    @Mock
+    Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem mStoredDiscoveryItem;
+    @Mock
+    Cache.StoredFastPairItem mStoredFastPairItem;
+    @Mock
+    Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey mFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey;
+    private static final byte[] ACCOUNT_KEY = new byte[] {0, 1, 2};
+    private static final String BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS = "AA:BB:CC:DD";
+    private static final int CLOSE_RSSI = -80;
+    private static final int FAR_AWAY_RSSI = -120;
+    private static final int TX_POWER = -70;
+    private static final byte[] INITIAL_BYTE_ARRAY = new byte[]{0x01, 0x02, 0x03};
+    private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[]{0x01};
+
+    LocatorContextWrapper mLocatorContextWrapper;
+    FastPairAdvHandler mFastPairAdvHandler;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+
+        mLocatorContextWrapper = new LocatorContextWrapper(mContext);
+        mLocatorContextWrapper.getLocator().overrideBindingForTest(
+                FastPairHalfSheetManager.class, mFastPairHalfSheetManager
+        );
+        mLocatorContextWrapper.getLocator().overrideBindingForTest(
+                FastPairNotificationManager.class, mFastPairNotificationManager
+        );
+        when(mFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(any()))
+                .thenReturn(Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse.getDefaultInstance());
+        mFastPairAdvHandler = new FastPairAdvHandler(mLocatorContextWrapper, mFastPairDataProvider);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInitialBroadcast() {
+        FastPairDevice fastPairDevice = new FastPairDevice.Builder()
+                .setData(INITIAL_BYTE_ARRAY)
+                .setBluetoothAddress(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS)
+                .setRssi(CLOSE_RSSI)
+                .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .build();
+
+        mFastPairAdvHandler.handleBroadcast(fastPairDevice);
+
+        verify(mFastPairHalfSheetManager).showHalfSheet(any());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInitialBroadcast_farAway_notShowHalfSheet() {
+        FastPairDevice fastPairDevice = new FastPairDevice.Builder()
+                .setData(INITIAL_BYTE_ARRAY)
+                .setBluetoothAddress(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS)
+                .setRssi(FAR_AWAY_RSSI)
+                .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .build();
+
+        mFastPairAdvHandler.handleBroadcast(fastPairDevice);
+
+        verify(mFastPairHalfSheetManager, never()).showHalfSheet(any());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSubsequentBroadcast_notShowHalfSheet() {
+        byte[] fastPairRecordWithBloomFilter =
+                new byte[]{
+                        (byte) 0x02,
+                        (byte) 0x01,
+                        (byte) 0x02, // Flags
+                        (byte) 0x02,
+                        (byte) 0x0A,
+                        (byte) 0xEB, // Tx Power (-20)
+                        (byte) 0x0B,
+                        (byte) 0x16,
+                        (byte) 0x2C,
+                        (byte) 0xFE, // FastPair Service Data
+                        (byte) 0x00, // Flags (model ID length = 3)
+                        (byte) 0x40, // Account key hash flags (length = 4, type = 0)
+                        (byte) 0x11,
+                        (byte) 0x22,
+                        (byte) 0x33,
+                        (byte) 0x44, // Account key hash (0x11223344)
+                        (byte) 0x11, // Account key salt flags (length = 1, type = 1)
+                        (byte) 0x55, // Account key salt
+                };
+        FastPairDevice fastPairDevice = new FastPairDevice.Builder()
+                .setData(fastPairRecordWithBloomFilter)
+                .setBluetoothAddress(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS)
+                .setRssi(CLOSE_RSSI)
+                .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .build();
+
+        mFastPairAdvHandler.handleBroadcast(fastPairDevice);
+
+        verify(mFastPairHalfSheetManager, never()).showHalfSheet(any());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFindRecognizedDevice_bloomFilterNotContains_notFound() {
+        when(mFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey.getAccountKey())
+                .thenReturn(ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY), ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY));
+        when(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(any(byte[].class))).thenReturn(false);
+
+        assertThat(FastPairAdvHandler.findRecognizedDevice(
+                ImmutableList.of(mFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey), mBloomFilter, SALT)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFindRecognizedDevice_bloomFilterContains_found() {
+        when(mFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey.getAccountKey())
+                .thenReturn(ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY), ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY));
+        when(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(any(byte[].class))).thenReturn(true);
+
+        assertThat(FastPairAdvHandler.findRecognizedDevice(
+                ImmutableList.of(mFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey), mBloomFilter, SALT)).isNotNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFindRecognizedDeviceFromCachedItem_bloomFilterNotContains_notFound() {
+        when(mStoredFastPairItem.getAccountKey())
+                .thenReturn(ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY), ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY));
+        when(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(any(byte[].class))).thenReturn(false);
+
+        assertThat(FastPairAdvHandler.findRecognizedDeviceFromCachedItem(
+                ImmutableList.of(mStoredFastPairItem), mBloomFilter, SALT)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFindRecognizedDeviceFromCachedItem_bloomFilterContains_found() {
+        when(mStoredFastPairItem.getAccountKey())
+                .thenReturn(ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY), ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY));
+        when(mBloomFilter.possiblyContains(any(byte[].class))).thenReturn(true);
+
+        assertThat(FastPairAdvHandler.findRecognizedDeviceFromCachedItem(
+                ImmutableList.of(mStoredFastPairItem), mBloomFilter, SALT)).isNotNull();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairManagerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26d1847
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FastPairManagerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+
+public class FastPairManagerTest {
+    private FastPairManager mFastPairManager;
+    @Mock private Context mContext;
+    private LocatorContextWrapper mLocatorContextWrapper;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+
+        mLocatorContextWrapper = new LocatorContextWrapper(mContext);
+        mFastPairManager = new FastPairManager(mLocatorContextWrapper);
+        when(mContext.getContentResolver()).thenReturn(
+                InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext().getContentResolver());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testFastPairInit() {
+        mFastPairManager.initiate();
+
+        verify(mContext, times(1)).registerReceiver(any(), any());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testFastPairCleanUp() {
+        mFastPairManager.cleanUp();
+
+        verify(mContext, times(1)).unregisterReceiver(any());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FlagUtilsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FlagUtilsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cf65f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/FlagUtilsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class FlagUtilsTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetPreferencesBuilder_notCrash() {
+        FlagUtils.getPreferencesBuilder().build();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/ModuleTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/ModuleTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb4e3d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/ModuleTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package src.com.android.server.nearby.fastpair;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.eventloop.EventLoop;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairAdvHandler;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairModule;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.FastPairCacheManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.time.Clock;
+
+import src.com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.testing.MockingLocator;
+
+public class ModuleTest {
+    private Locator mLocator;
+
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mLocator = MockingLocator.withMocksOnly(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext());
+        mLocator.bind(new FastPairModule());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void genericConstructor() {
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(FastPairCacheManager.class)).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(FootprintsDeviceManager.class)).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(EventLoop.class)).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(FastPairHalfSheetManager.class)).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(FastPairAdvHandler.class)).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mLocator.get(Clock.class)).isNotNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void genericDestroy() {
+        mLocator.destroy();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/DiscoveryItemTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/DiscoveryItemTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d4ea22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/DiscoveryItemTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.testing.FakeDiscoveryItems;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+
+/** Unit tests for {@link DiscoveryItem} */
+public class DiscoveryItemTest {
+    private static final String DEFAULT_MAC_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:44:55";
+    private static final String DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON = "description";
+    private static final long DEFAULT_TIMESTAMP = 1000000000L;
+    private static final String DEFAULT_TITLE = "title";
+    private static final String APP_NAME = "app_name";
+    private static final String ACTION_URL =
+            "intent:#Intent;action=com.android.server.nearby:ACTION_FAST_PAIR;"
+            + "package=com.google.android.gms;"
+            + "component=com.google.android.gms/"
+            + ".nearby.discovery.service.DiscoveryService;end";
+    private static final String DISPLAY_URL = "DISPLAY_URL";
+    private static final String TRIGGER_ID = "trigger.id";
+    private static final String FAST_PAIR_ID = "id";
+    private static final int RSSI = -80;
+    private static final int TX_POWER = -10;
+
+    @Mock private Context mContext;
+    private LocatorContextWrapper mLocatorContextWrapper;
+    private FastPairCacheManager mFastPairCacheManager;
+    private FastPairManager mFastPairManager;
+    private DiscoveryItem mDiscoveryItem;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mLocatorContextWrapper = new LocatorContextWrapper(mContext);
+        mFastPairManager = new FastPairManager(mLocatorContextWrapper);
+        mFastPairCacheManager = mLocatorContextWrapper.getLocator().get(FastPairCacheManager.class);
+        when(mContext.getContentResolver()).thenReturn(
+                InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext().getContentResolver());
+        mDiscoveryItem =
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDiscoveryItem(mLocatorContextWrapper);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testMultipleFields() {
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getId()).isEqualTo(FAST_PAIR_ID);
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getDescription()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON);
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getDisplayUrl()).isEqualTo(DISPLAY_URL);
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getTriggerId()).isEqualTo(TRIGGER_ID);
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getMacAddress()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_MAC_ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(
+                mDiscoveryItem.getFirstObservationTimestampMillis()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_TIMESTAMP);
+        assertThat(
+                mDiscoveryItem.getLastObservationTimestampMillis()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_TIMESTAMP);
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getActionUrl()).isEqualTo(ACTION_URL);
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getAppName()).isEqualTo(APP_NAME);
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getRssi()).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getTxPower()).isEqualTo(TX_POWER);
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getFastPairInformation()).isNull();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getFastPairSecretKey()).isNull();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getIcon()).isNull();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getIconFifeUrl()).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getState()).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getTitle()).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isApp()).isFalse();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isDeletable(
+                100000L, 0L)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isDeviceType(Cache.NearbyType.NEARBY_CHROMECAST)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isExpired(
+                100000L, 0L)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isFastPair()).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isPendingAppInstallValid(5)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isPendingAppInstallValid(5,
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID,  null,
+                TRIGGER_ID,  DEFAULT_MAC_ADDRESS,  "", RSSI, TX_POWER))).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isTypeEnabled(Cache.NearbyType.NEARBY_CHROMECAST)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.toString()).isNotNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void isMuted() {
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isMuted()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void itemWithDefaultDescription_shouldShowUp() {
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isReadyForDisplay()).isFalse();
+
+        // Null description should not show up.
+        mDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(DiscoveryItem.newStoredDiscoveryItem());
+        mDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID,  null,
+                        TRIGGER_ID,  DEFAULT_MAC_ADDRESS,  "", RSSI, TX_POWER));
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isReadyForDisplay()).isFalse();
+
+        // Empty description should not show up.
+        mDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID,  "",
+                        TRIGGER_ID,  DEFAULT_MAC_ADDRESS, DEFAULT_TITLE, RSSI, TX_POWER));
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isReadyForDisplay()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void itemWithEmptyTitle_shouldNotShowUp() {
+        // Null title should not show up.
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isReadyForDisplay()).isFalse();
+        // Empty title should not show up.
+        mDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID, DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON,
+                        TRIGGER_ID, DEFAULT_MAC_ADDRESS, "", RSSI, TX_POWER));
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isReadyForDisplay()).isFalse();
+
+        // Null title should not show up.
+        mDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID, DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON,
+                        TRIGGER_ID, DEFAULT_MAC_ADDRESS, null, RSSI, TX_POWER));
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.isReadyForDisplay()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void itemWithRssiAndTxPower_shouldHaveCorrectEstimatedDistance() {
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getEstimatedDistance()).isWithin(0.01).of(28.18);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void itemWithoutRssiOrTxPower_shouldNotHaveEstimatedDistance() {
+        mDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID, DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON,
+                        TRIGGER_ID, DEFAULT_MAC_ADDRESS, "", 0, 0));
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getEstimatedDistance()).isWithin(0.01).of(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getUiHashCode_differentAddress_differentHash() {
+        mDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID, DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON,
+                        TRIGGER_ID, "00:11:22:33:44:55", "", RSSI, TX_POWER));
+        DiscoveryItem compareTo =
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDiscoveryItem(mLocatorContextWrapper);
+        compareTo.setStoredItemForTest(
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID, DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON,
+                        TRIGGER_ID, "55:44:33:22:11:00", "", RSSI, TX_POWER));
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getUiHashCode()).isNotEqualTo(compareTo.getUiHashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getUiHashCode_sameAddress_sameHash() {
+        mDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID, DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON,
+                        TRIGGER_ID, "00:11:22:33:44:55", "", RSSI, TX_POWER));
+        DiscoveryItem compareTo =
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDiscoveryItem(mLocatorContextWrapper);
+        compareTo.setStoredItemForTest(
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID, DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON,
+                        TRIGGER_ID, "00:11:22:33:44:55", "", RSSI, TX_POWER));
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.getUiHashCode()).isEqualTo(compareTo.getUiHashCode());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void isFastPair() {
+        DiscoveryItem fastPairItem =
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDiscoveryItem(mLocatorContextWrapper);
+        assertThat(fastPairItem.isFastPair()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testEqual() {
+        DiscoveryItem fastPairItem =
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDiscoveryItem(mLocatorContextWrapper);
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.equals(fastPairItem)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCompareTo() {
+        DiscoveryItem fastPairItem =
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDiscoveryItem(mLocatorContextWrapper);
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.compareTo(fastPairItem)).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCopyOfStoredItem() {
+        DiscoveryItem fastPairItem =
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDiscoveryItem(mLocatorContextWrapper);
+        fastPairItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID, DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON,
+                        TRIGGER_ID, "00:11:22:33:44:55", "", RSSI, TX_POWER));
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.equals(fastPairItem)).isFalse();
+        fastPairItem.setStoredItemForTest(mDiscoveryItem.getCopyOfStoredItem());
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.equals(fastPairItem)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStoredItemForTest() {
+        DiscoveryItem fastPairItem =
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDiscoveryItem(mLocatorContextWrapper);
+        fastPairItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(FAST_PAIR_ID, DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON,
+                        TRIGGER_ID, "00:11:22:33:44:55", "", RSSI, TX_POWER));
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.equals(fastPairItem)).isFalse();
+        fastPairItem.setStoredItemForTest(mDiscoveryItem.getStoredItemForTest());
+        assertThat(mDiscoveryItem.equals(fastPairItem)).isTrue();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairCacheManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairCacheManagerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..18f2cf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairCacheManagerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+
+public class FastPairCacheManagerTest {
+
+    private static final String MODEL_ID = "001";
+    private static final String MODEL_ID2 = "002";
+    private static final String APP_NAME = "APP_NAME";
+    private static final String MAC_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33";
+    private static final ByteString ACCOUNT_KEY = ByteString.copyFromUtf8("axgs");
+    private static final String MAC_ADDRESS_B = "00:11:22:44";
+    private static final ByteString ACCOUNT_KEY_B = ByteString.copyFromUtf8("axgb");
+
+    @Mock
+    DiscoveryItem mDiscoveryItem;
+    @Mock
+    DiscoveryItem mDiscoveryItem2;
+    @Mock
+    Cache.StoredFastPairItem mStoredFastPairItem;
+    @Mock
+    ScanResult mScanResult;
+
+    Context mContext;
+    Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem mStoredDiscoveryItem = Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.newBuilder()
+            .setTriggerId(MODEL_ID)
+            .setAppName(APP_NAME).build();
+    Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem mStoredDiscoveryItem2 = Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.newBuilder()
+            .setTriggerId(MODEL_ID2)
+            .setAppName(APP_NAME).build();
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mContext = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void notSaveRetrieveInfo() {
+        when(mDiscoveryItem.getCopyOfStoredItem()).thenReturn(mStoredDiscoveryItem);
+        when(mDiscoveryItem.getTriggerId()).thenReturn(MODEL_ID);
+
+        FastPairCacheManager fastPairCacheManager = new FastPairCacheManager(mContext);
+
+        assertThat(fastPairCacheManager.getStoredDiscoveryItem(MODEL_ID).getAppName())
+                .isNotEqualTo(APP_NAME);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void saveRetrieveInfo() {
+        when(mDiscoveryItem.getCopyOfStoredItem()).thenReturn(mStoredDiscoveryItem);
+        when(mDiscoveryItem.getTriggerId()).thenReturn(MODEL_ID);
+        when(mDiscoveryItem2.getCopyOfStoredItem()).thenReturn(mStoredDiscoveryItem2);
+        when(mDiscoveryItem2.getTriggerId()).thenReturn(MODEL_ID2);
+
+        FastPairCacheManager fastPairCacheManager = new FastPairCacheManager(mContext);
+        fastPairCacheManager.saveDiscoveryItem(mDiscoveryItem);
+        assertThat(fastPairCacheManager.getStoredDiscoveryItem(MODEL_ID).getAppName())
+                .isEqualTo(APP_NAME);
+        assertThat(fastPairCacheManager.getAllSavedStoreDiscoveryItem()).hasSize(1);
+
+        fastPairCacheManager.saveDiscoveryItem(mDiscoveryItem2);
+        assertThat(fastPairCacheManager.getStoredDiscoveryItem(MODEL_ID2).getAppName())
+                .isEqualTo(APP_NAME);
+        assertThat(fastPairCacheManager.getAllSavedStoreDiscoveryItem()).hasSize(2);
+        fastPairCacheManager.cleanUp();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void saveRetrieveInfoStoredFastPairItem() {
+        Cache.StoredFastPairItem storedFastPairItem = Cache.StoredFastPairItem.newBuilder()
+                .setMacAddress(MAC_ADDRESS)
+                .setAccountKey(ACCOUNT_KEY)
+                .build();
+
+
+        FastPairCacheManager fastPairCacheManager = new FastPairCacheManager(mContext);
+        fastPairCacheManager.putStoredFastPairItem(storedFastPairItem);
+
+        assertThat(fastPairCacheManager.getStoredFastPairItemFromMacAddress(
+                MAC_ADDRESS).getAccountKey())
+                .isEqualTo(ACCOUNT_KEY);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void checkGetAllFastPairItems() {
+        Cache.StoredFastPairItem storedFastPairItem = Cache.StoredFastPairItem.newBuilder()
+                .setMacAddress(MAC_ADDRESS)
+                .setAccountKey(ACCOUNT_KEY)
+                .build();
+        Cache.StoredFastPairItem storedFastPairItemB = Cache.StoredFastPairItem.newBuilder()
+                .setMacAddress(MAC_ADDRESS_B)
+                .setAccountKey(ACCOUNT_KEY_B)
+                .build();
+
+        FastPairCacheManager fastPairCacheManager = new FastPairCacheManager(mContext);
+        fastPairCacheManager.putStoredFastPairItem(storedFastPairItem);
+        fastPairCacheManager.putStoredFastPairItem(storedFastPairItemB);
+
+        assertThat(fastPairCacheManager.getAllSavedStoredFastPairItem().size())
+                .isEqualTo(2);
+
+        fastPairCacheManager.removeStoredFastPairItem(MAC_ADDRESS_B);
+
+        assertThat(fastPairCacheManager.getAllSavedStoredFastPairItem().size())
+                .isEqualTo(1);
+
+        fastPairCacheManager.cleanUp();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void getDeviceFromScanResult_notCrash() {
+        FastPairCacheManager fastPairCacheManager = new FastPairCacheManager(mContext);
+        fastPairCacheManager.getDeviceFromScanResult(mScanResult);
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairDbHelperTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairDbHelperTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5428f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/cache/FastPairDbHelperTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteException;
+
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+public class FastPairDbHelperTest {
+
+    Context mContext;
+    FastPairDbHelper mFastPairDbHelper;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext();
+        mFastPairDbHelper = new FastPairDbHelper(mContext);
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void teardown() {
+        mFastPairDbHelper.close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUpgrade_notCrash() {
+        mFastPairDbHelper
+                .onUpgrade(mFastPairDbHelper.getWritableDatabase(), 1, 2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDowngrade_throwsException()  {
+        assertThrows(
+                SQLiteException.class,
+                () -> mFastPairDbHelper.onDowngrade(
+                        mFastPairDbHelper.getWritableDatabase(), 2, 1));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/halfsheet/FastPairHalfSheetManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/halfsheet/FastPairHalfSheetManagerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b51a295
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/halfsheet/FastPairHalfSheetManagerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.atLeastOnce;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
+import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
+import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
+
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.FastPairController;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+
+public class FastPairHalfSheetManagerTest {
+    private static final String BLEADDRESS = "11:22:44:66";
+    private static final String NAME = "device_name";
+    private static final int PASSKEY = 1234;
+    private FastPairHalfSheetManager mFastPairHalfSheetManager;
+    private Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem mScanFastPairStoreItem;
+    @Mock private Context mContext;
+    @Mock
+    LocatorContextWrapper mContextWrapper;
+    @Mock
+    PackageManager mPackageManager;
+    @Mock
+    Locator mLocator;
+    @Mock
+    FastPairController mFastPairController;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        when(mContext.getContentResolver()).thenReturn(
+                InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext().getContentResolver());
+        mScanFastPairStoreItem = Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem.newBuilder()
+                .setAddress(BLEADDRESS)
+                .setDeviceName(NAME)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void verifyFastPairHalfSheetManagerBehavior() {
+        mLocator.overrideBindingForTest(FastPairController.class, mFastPairController);
+        ResolveInfo resolveInfo = new ResolveInfo();
+        List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfoList = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        mPackageManager = mock(PackageManager.class);
+        when(mContextWrapper.getPackageManager()).thenReturn(mPackageManager);
+        resolveInfo.activityInfo = new ActivityInfo();
+        ApplicationInfo applicationInfo = new ApplicationInfo();
+        applicationInfo.sourceDir = "/apex/com.android.tethering";
+        applicationInfo.packageName = "test.package";
+        resolveInfo.activityInfo.applicationInfo = applicationInfo;
+        resolveInfoList.add(resolveInfo);
+        when(mPackageManager.queryIntentActivities(any(), anyInt())).thenReturn(resolveInfoList);
+        when(mPackageManager.canRequestPackageInstalls()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager =
+                new FastPairHalfSheetManager(mContextWrapper);
+
+        when(mContextWrapper.getLocator()).thenReturn(mLocator);
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<Intent> intentArgumentCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Intent.class);
+
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.showHalfSheet(mScanFastPairStoreItem);
+
+        verify(mContextWrapper, atLeastOnce())
+                .startActivityAsUser(intentArgumentCaptor.capture(), eq(UserHandle.CURRENT));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void verifyFastPairHalfSheetManagerHalfSheetApkNotValidBehavior() {
+        mLocator.overrideBindingForTest(FastPairController.class, mFastPairController);
+        ResolveInfo resolveInfo = new ResolveInfo();
+        List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfoList = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        mPackageManager = mock(PackageManager.class);
+        when(mContextWrapper.getPackageManager()).thenReturn(mPackageManager);
+        resolveInfo.activityInfo = new ActivityInfo();
+        ApplicationInfo applicationInfo = new ApplicationInfo();
+        // application directory is wrong
+        applicationInfo.sourceDir = "/apex/com.android.nearby";
+        applicationInfo.packageName = "test.package";
+        resolveInfo.activityInfo.applicationInfo = applicationInfo;
+        resolveInfoList.add(resolveInfo);
+        when(mPackageManager.queryIntentActivities(any(), anyInt())).thenReturn(resolveInfoList);
+        when(mPackageManager.canRequestPackageInstalls()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager =
+                new FastPairHalfSheetManager(mContextWrapper);
+
+        when(mContextWrapper.getLocator()).thenReturn(mLocator);
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<Intent> intentArgumentCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Intent.class);
+
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.showHalfSheet(mScanFastPairStoreItem);
+
+        verify(mContextWrapper, never())
+                .startActivityAsUser(intentArgumentCaptor.capture(), eq(UserHandle.CURRENT));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getHalfSheetForegroundState() {
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager =
+                new FastPairHalfSheetManager(mContextWrapper);
+        assertThat(mFastPairHalfSheetManager.getHalfSheetForegroundState()).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testEmptyMethods() {
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager =
+                new FastPairHalfSheetManager(mContextWrapper);
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.destroyBluetoothPairController();
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.disableDismissRunnable();
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.notifyPairingProcessDone(true, BLEADDRESS, null);
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.showPairingFailed();
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.showPairingHalfSheet(null);
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.showPairingSuccessHalfSheet(BLEADDRESS);
+        mFastPairHalfSheetManager.showPasskeyConfirmation(null, PASSKEY);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/notification/FastPairNotificationManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/notification/FastPairNotificationManagerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fb6b37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/notification/FastPairNotificationManagerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.notification;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+public class FastPairNotificationManagerTest {
+
+    @Mock private Context mContext;
+    private static final boolean USE_LARGE_ICON = true;
+    private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 1;
+    private static final String COMPANION_APP = "companionApp";
+    private static final int BATTERY_LEVEL = 1;
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "deviceName";
+    private static final String ADDRESS = "address";
+    private FastPairNotificationManager mFastPairNotificationManager;
+    private LocatorContextWrapper mLocatorContextWrapper;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mLocatorContextWrapper = new LocatorContextWrapper(mContext);
+        when(mContext.getContentResolver()).thenReturn(
+                InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext().getContentResolver());
+        mFastPairNotificationManager =
+                new FastPairNotificationManager(mLocatorContextWrapper, null,
+                        USE_LARGE_ICON, NOTIFICATION_ID);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void  notifyPairingProcessDone() {
+        mFastPairNotificationManager.notifyPairingProcessDone(true, true,
+                "privateAddress", "publicAddress");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void  showConnectingNotification() {
+        mFastPairNotificationManager.showConnectingNotification();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void   showPairingFailedNotification() {
+        mFastPairNotificationManager.showPairingFailedNotification(new byte[]{1});
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void  showPairingSucceededNotification() {
+        mFastPairNotificationManager.showPairingSucceededNotification(COMPANION_APP,
+                BATTERY_LEVEL, DEVICE_NAME, ADDRESS);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/HalfSheetPairingProgressHandlerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/HalfSheetPairingProgressHandlerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfe009c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/HalfSheetPairingProgressHandlerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.pairinghandler;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.DiscoveryItem;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.FastPairCacheManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.testing.FakeDiscoveryItems;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.time.Clock;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+
+public class HalfSheetPairingProgressHandlerTest {
+    @Mock
+    Locator mLocator;
+    @Mock
+    LocatorContextWrapper mContextWrapper;
+    @Mock
+    Clock mClock;
+    @Mock
+    FastPairCacheManager mFastPairCacheManager;
+    @Mock
+    FastPairConnection mFastPairConnection;
+    @Mock
+    FootprintsDeviceManager mFootprintsDeviceManager;
+
+    private static final String MAC_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:44:55";
+    private static final byte[] ACCOUNT_KEY = new byte[]{0x01, 0x02};
+    private static final int SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_START = 1310;
+    private static final int SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_END = 1320;
+    private static final int PASSKEY = 1234;
+    private static HalfSheetPairingProgressHandler sHalfSheetPairingProgressHandler;
+    private static DiscoveryItem sDiscoveryItem;
+    private static BluetoothDevice sBluetoothDevice;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        when(mContextWrapper.getLocator()).thenReturn(mLocator);
+        mLocator.overrideBindingForTest(FastPairCacheManager.class, mFastPairCacheManager);
+        mLocator.overrideBindingForTest(Clock.class, mClock);
+        FastPairHalfSheetManager mfastPairHalfSheetManager =
+                new FastPairHalfSheetManager(mContextWrapper);
+        mLocator.bind(FastPairHalfSheetManager.class, mfastPairHalfSheetManager);
+        when(mLocator.get(FastPairHalfSheetManager.class)).thenReturn(mfastPairHalfSheetManager);
+        sDiscoveryItem = FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDiscoveryItem(mContextWrapper);
+        sDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                sDiscoveryItem.getStoredItemForTest().toBuilder()
+                        .setAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1(ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY))
+                        .setMacAddress(MAC_ADDRESS)
+                        .setFastPairInformation(
+                                Cache.FastPairInformation.newBuilder()
+                                        .setDeviceType(Rpcs.DeviceType.HEADPHONES).build())
+                        .build());
+        sHalfSheetPairingProgressHandler =
+                new HalfSheetPairingProgressHandler(mContextWrapper, sDiscoveryItem,
+                        sDiscoveryItem.getAppPackageName(), ACCOUNT_KEY);
+
+        sBluetoothDevice =
+                BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice("00:11:22:33:44:55");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getPairEndEventCode() {
+        assertThat(sHalfSheetPairingProgressHandler
+                .getPairEndEventCode()).isEqualTo(SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_END);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getPairStartEventCode() {
+        assertThat(sHalfSheetPairingProgressHandler
+                .getPairStartEventCode()).isEqualTo(SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_START);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnHandlePasskeyConfirmation() {
+        sHalfSheetPairingProgressHandler.onHandlePasskeyConfirmation(sBluetoothDevice, PASSKEY);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnPairedCallbackCalled() {
+        sHalfSheetPairingProgressHandler.onPairedCallbackCalled(mFastPairConnection, ACCOUNT_KEY,
+                mFootprintsDeviceManager, MAC_ADDRESS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testonPairingFailed() {
+        Throwable e = new Throwable("onPairingFailed");
+        sHalfSheetPairingProgressHandler.onPairingFailed(e);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testonPairingStarted() {
+        sHalfSheetPairingProgressHandler.onPairingStarted();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testonPairingSuccess() {
+        sHalfSheetPairingProgressHandler.onPairingSuccess(MAC_ADDRESS);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/NotificationPairingProgressHandlerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/NotificationPairingProgressHandlerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24f296c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/NotificationPairingProgressHandlerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.pairinghandler;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.DiscoveryItem;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.FastPairCacheManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.notification.FastPairNotificationManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.testing.FakeDiscoveryItems;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.time.Clock;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+
+public class NotificationPairingProgressHandlerTest {
+
+    @Mock
+    Locator mLocator;
+    @Mock
+    LocatorContextWrapper mContextWrapper;
+    @Mock
+    Clock mClock;
+    @Mock
+    FastPairCacheManager mFastPairCacheManager;
+    @Mock
+    FastPairConnection mFastPairConnection;
+    @Mock
+    FootprintsDeviceManager mFootprintsDeviceManager;
+    @Mock
+    android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager;
+
+    private static final String MAC_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:44:55";
+    private static final byte[] ACCOUNT_KEY = new byte[]{0x01, 0x02};
+    private static final int SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_START = 1310;
+    private static final int SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_END = 1320;
+    private static DiscoveryItem sDiscoveryItem;
+    private static  NotificationPairingProgressHandler sNotificationPairingProgressHandler;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        when(mContextWrapper.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class))
+                .thenReturn(mBluetoothManager);
+        when(mContextWrapper.getLocator()).thenReturn(mLocator);
+        mLocator.overrideBindingForTest(FastPairCacheManager.class,
+                mFastPairCacheManager);
+        mLocator.overrideBindingForTest(Clock.class, mClock);
+        sDiscoveryItem = FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDiscoveryItem(mContextWrapper);
+        sDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                sDiscoveryItem.getStoredItemForTest().toBuilder()
+                        .setAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1(ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY))
+                        .setFastPairInformation(
+                                Cache.FastPairInformation.newBuilder()
+                                        .setDeviceType(Rpcs.DeviceType.HEADPHONES).build())
+                        .build());
+        sNotificationPairingProgressHandler = createProgressHandler(ACCOUNT_KEY, sDiscoveryItem);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getPairEndEventCode() {
+        assertThat(sNotificationPairingProgressHandler
+                .getPairEndEventCode()).isEqualTo(SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_END);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getPairStartEventCode() {
+        assertThat(sNotificationPairingProgressHandler
+                .getPairStartEventCode()).isEqualTo(SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_START);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onReadyToPair() {
+        sNotificationPairingProgressHandler.onReadyToPair();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onPairedCallbackCalled() {
+        sNotificationPairingProgressHandler.onPairedCallbackCalled(mFastPairConnection,
+                    ACCOUNT_KEY, mFootprintsDeviceManager, MAC_ADDRESS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void  onPairingFailed() {
+        Throwable e = new Throwable("Pairing Failed");
+        sNotificationPairingProgressHandler.onPairingFailed(e);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onPairingSuccess() {
+        sNotificationPairingProgressHandler.onPairingSuccess(sDiscoveryItem.getMacAddress());
+    }
+
+    private NotificationPairingProgressHandler createProgressHandler(
+            @Nullable byte[] accountKey, DiscoveryItem fastPairItem) {
+        FastPairNotificationManager fastPairNotificationManager =
+                new FastPairNotificationManager(mContextWrapper, fastPairItem, true);
+        FastPairHalfSheetManager fastPairHalfSheetManager =
+                new FastPairHalfSheetManager(mContextWrapper);
+        mLocator.overrideBindingForTest(FastPairHalfSheetManager.class, fastPairHalfSheetManager);
+        NotificationPairingProgressHandler mNotificationPairingProgressHandler =
+                new NotificationPairingProgressHandler(
+                        mContextWrapper,
+                        fastPairItem,
+                        fastPairItem.getAppPackageName(),
+                        accountKey,
+                        fastPairNotificationManager);
+        return mNotificationPairingProgressHandler;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/PairingProgressHandlerBaseTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/PairingProgressHandlerBaseTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3eb50c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/pairinghandler/PairingProgressHandlerBaseTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.pairinghandler;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.FastPairConnection;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.bluetooth.fastpair.Preferences;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.DiscoveryItem;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.FastPairCacheManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FootprintsDeviceManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.halfsheet.FastPairHalfSheetManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.notification.FastPairNotificationManager;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.testing.FakeDiscoveryItems;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.time.Clock;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+public class PairingProgressHandlerBaseTest {
+
+    @Mock
+    Locator mLocator;
+    @Mock
+    LocatorContextWrapper mContextWrapper;
+    @Mock
+    Clock mClock;
+    @Mock
+    FastPairCacheManager mFastPairCacheManager;
+    @Mock
+    FootprintsDeviceManager mFootprintsDeviceManager;
+    @Mock
+    FastPairConnection mFastPairConnection;
+    @Mock
+    BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager;
+
+    private static final String MAC_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:44:55";
+    private static final byte[] ACCOUNT_KEY = new byte[]{0x01, 0x02};
+    private static final int PASSKEY = 1234;
+    private static DiscoveryItem sDiscoveryItem;
+    private static PairingProgressHandlerBase sPairingProgressHandlerBase;
+    private static BluetoothDevice sBluetoothDevice;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        when(mContextWrapper.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class))
+                .thenReturn(mBluetoothManager);
+        when(mContextWrapper.getLocator()).thenReturn(mLocator);
+        mLocator.overrideBindingForTest(FastPairCacheManager.class,
+                mFastPairCacheManager);
+        mLocator.overrideBindingForTest(Clock.class, mClock);
+        sBluetoothDevice =
+                BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice("00:11:22:33:44:55");
+        sDiscoveryItem = FakeDiscoveryItems.newFastPairDiscoveryItem(mContextWrapper);
+        sDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                sDiscoveryItem.getStoredItemForTest().toBuilder()
+                        .setAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1(ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY))
+                        .setFastPairInformation(
+                                Cache.FastPairInformation.newBuilder()
+                                        .setDeviceType(Rpcs.DeviceType.HEADPHONES).build())
+                        .build());
+
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase =
+                createProgressHandler(ACCOUNT_KEY, sDiscoveryItem, /* isRetroactivePair= */ false);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void createHandler_halfSheetSubsequentPairing_notificationPairingHandlerCreated() {
+        sDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                sDiscoveryItem.getStoredItemForTest().toBuilder()
+                        .setAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1(ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY))
+                        .setFastPairInformation(
+                                Cache.FastPairInformation.newBuilder()
+                                        .setDeviceType(Rpcs.DeviceType.HEADPHONES).build())
+                        .build());
+
+        PairingProgressHandlerBase progressHandler =
+                createProgressHandler(ACCOUNT_KEY, sDiscoveryItem, /* isRetroactivePair= */ false);
+
+        assertThat(progressHandler).isInstanceOf(NotificationPairingProgressHandler.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void createHandler_halfSheetInitialPairing_halfSheetPairingHandlerCreated() {
+        // No account key
+        sDiscoveryItem.setStoredItemForTest(
+                sDiscoveryItem.getStoredItemForTest().toBuilder()
+                        .setFastPairInformation(
+                                Cache.FastPairInformation.newBuilder()
+                                        .setDeviceType(Rpcs.DeviceType.HEADPHONES).build())
+                        .build());
+
+        PairingProgressHandlerBase progressHandler =
+                createProgressHandler(null, sDiscoveryItem, /* isRetroactivePair= */ false);
+
+        assertThat(progressHandler).isInstanceOf(HalfSheetPairingProgressHandler.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onPairingStarted() {
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase.onPairingStarted();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onWaitForScreenUnlock() {
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase.onWaitForScreenUnlock();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void  onScreenUnlocked() {
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase.onScreenUnlocked();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onReadyToPair() {
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase.onReadyToPair();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void  onSetupPreferencesBuilder() {
+        Preferences.Builder prefsBuilder =
+                Preferences.builder()
+                        .setEnableBrEdrHandover(false)
+                        .setIgnoreDiscoveryError(true);
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase.onSetupPreferencesBuilder(prefsBuilder);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void  onPairingSetupCompleted() {
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase.onPairingSetupCompleted();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onHandlePasskeyConfirmation() {
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase.onHandlePasskeyConfirmation(sBluetoothDevice, PASSKEY);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getKeyForLocalCache() {
+        FastPairConnection.SharedSecret sharedSecret =
+                FastPairConnection.SharedSecret.create(ACCOUNT_KEY, sDiscoveryItem.getMacAddress());
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase
+                .getKeyForLocalCache(ACCOUNT_KEY, mFastPairConnection, sharedSecret);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onPairedCallbackCalled() {
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase.onPairedCallbackCalled(mFastPairConnection,
+                ACCOUNT_KEY, mFootprintsDeviceManager, MAC_ADDRESS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onPairingFailed() {
+        Throwable e = new Throwable("Pairing Failed");
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase.onPairingFailed(e);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onPairingSuccess() {
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase.onPairingSuccess(sDiscoveryItem.getMacAddress());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void  optInFootprintsForInitialPairing() {
+        sPairingProgressHandlerBase.optInFootprintsForInitialPairing(
+                mFootprintsDeviceManager, sDiscoveryItem, ACCOUNT_KEY, null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void skipWaitingScreenUnlock() {
+        assertThat(sPairingProgressHandlerBase.skipWaitingScreenUnlock()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    private PairingProgressHandlerBase createProgressHandler(
+            @Nullable byte[] accountKey, DiscoveryItem fastPairItem, boolean isRetroactivePair) {
+        FastPairNotificationManager fastPairNotificationManager =
+                new FastPairNotificationManager(mContextWrapper, fastPairItem, true);
+        FastPairHalfSheetManager fastPairHalfSheetManager =
+                new FastPairHalfSheetManager(mContextWrapper);
+        mLocator.overrideBindingForTest(FastPairHalfSheetManager.class, fastPairHalfSheetManager);
+        PairingProgressHandlerBase pairingProgressHandlerBase =
+                PairingProgressHandlerBase.create(
+                        mContextWrapper,
+                        fastPairItem,
+                        fastPairItem.getAppPackageName(),
+                        accountKey,
+                        mFootprintsDeviceManager,
+                        fastPairNotificationManager,
+                        fastPairHalfSheetManager,
+                        isRetroactivePair);
+        return pairingProgressHandlerBase;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/testing/FakeDiscoveryItems.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/testing/FakeDiscoveryItems.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cdec04d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/testing/FakeDiscoveryItems.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.testing;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.cache.DiscoveryItem;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+
+public class FakeDiscoveryItems {
+    private static final String DEFAULT_MAC_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:44:55";
+    private static final long DEFAULT_TIMESTAMP = 1000000000L;
+    private static final String DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON = "description";
+    private static final String APP_NAME = "app_name";
+    private static final String ACTION_URL =
+            "intent:#Intent;action=com.android.server.nearby:ACTION_FAST_PAIR;"
+                    + "package=com.google.android.gms;"
+                    + "component=com.google.android.gms/"
+                    + ".nearby.discovery.service.DiscoveryService;end";
+    private static final String DISPLAY_URL = "DISPLAY_URL";
+    private static final String TRIGGER_ID = "trigger.id";
+    private static final String FAST_PAIR_ID = "id";
+    private static final int RSSI = -80;
+    private static final int TX_POWER = -10;
+    public static DiscoveryItem newFastPairDiscoveryItem(LocatorContextWrapper contextWrapper) {
+        return new DiscoveryItem(contextWrapper, newFastPairDeviceStoredItem());
+    }
+
+    public static Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem newFastPairDeviceStoredItem() {
+        return newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(TRIGGER_ID);
+    }
+
+    public static Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(String triggerId) {
+        Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.Builder item = Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.newBuilder();
+        item.setState(Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.STATE_ENABLED);
+        item.setId(FAST_PAIR_ID);
+        item.setDescription(DEFAULT_DESCRIPITON);
+        item.setTriggerId(triggerId);
+        item.setMacAddress(DEFAULT_MAC_ADDRESS);
+        item.setFirstObservationTimestampMillis(DEFAULT_TIMESTAMP);
+        item.setLastObservationTimestampMillis(DEFAULT_TIMESTAMP);
+        item.setActionUrl(ACTION_URL);
+        item.setAppName(APP_NAME);
+        item.setRssi(RSSI);
+        item.setTxPower(TX_POWER);
+        item.setDisplayUrl(DISPLAY_URL);
+        return item.build();
+    }
+
+    public static Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem newFastPairDeviceStoredItem(String id,
+            String description, String triggerId, String macAddress, String title,
+            int rssi, int txPower) {
+        Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.Builder item = Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.newBuilder();
+        item.setState(Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.STATE_ENABLED);
+        if (id != null) {
+            item.setId(id);
+        }
+        if (description != null) {
+            item.setDescription(description);
+        }
+        if (triggerId != null) {
+            item.setTriggerId(triggerId);
+        }
+        if (macAddress != null) {
+            item.setMacAddress(macAddress);
+        }
+        if (title != null) {
+            item.setTitle(title);
+        }
+        item.setRssi(rssi);
+        item.setTxPower(txPower);
+        return item.build();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/testing/MockingLocator.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/testing/MockingLocator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9a4533
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/testing/MockingLocator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package src.com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.testing;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+
+/** A locator for tests that, by default, installs mocks for everything that's requested of it. */
+public class MockingLocator extends Locator {
+    private final LocatorContextWrapper mLocatorContextWrapper;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a MockingLocator with the explicit bindings already configured on the given locator.
+     */
+    public static MockingLocator withBindings(Context context, Locator locator) {
+        Locator mockingLocator = new Locator(context);
+        mockingLocator.bind(new MockingModule());
+        locator.attachParent(mockingLocator);
+        return new MockingLocator(context, locator);
+    }
+
+    /** Creates a MockingLocator with no explicit bindings. */
+    public static MockingLocator withMocksOnly(Context context) {
+        return withBindings(context, new Locator(context));
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("nullness") // due to passing in this before initialized.
+    public MockingLocator(Context context, Locator locator) {
+        super(context, locator);
+        this.mLocatorContextWrapper = new LocatorContextWrapper(context, this);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns a LocatorContextWrapper with this Locator attached. */
+    public LocatorContextWrapper getContextForTest() {
+        return mLocatorContextWrapper;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/testing/MockingModule.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/testing/MockingModule.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7938c55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/fastpair/testing/MockingModule.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package src.com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.testing;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Locator;
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.Module;
+
+
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+
+/** Module for tests that just provides mocks for anything that's requested of it. */
+public class MockingModule extends Module {
+
+    @Override
+    public void configure(Context context, Class<?> type, Locator locator) {
+        configureMock(type, locator);
+    }
+
+    private <T> void configureMock(Class<T> type, Locator locator) {
+        T mock = Mockito.mock(type);
+        locator.bind(type, mock);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/injector/ContextHubManagerAdapterTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/injector/ContextHubManagerAdapterTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b577064
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/injector/ContextHubManagerAdapterTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.injector;
+
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubInfo;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubManager;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+public class ContextHubManagerAdapterTest {
+    private ContextHubManagerAdapter mContextHubManagerAdapter;
+
+    @Mock
+    ContextHubManager mContextHubManager;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mContextHubManagerAdapter = new ContextHubManagerAdapter(mContextHubManager);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getContextHubs() {
+        mContextHubManagerAdapter.getContextHubs();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void queryNanoApps() {
+        mContextHubManagerAdapter.queryNanoApps(new ContextHubInfo());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/metrics/NearbyMetricsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/metrics/NearbyMetricsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91962ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/metrics/NearbyMetricsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.metrics;
+
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_MODE_BALANCED;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR;
+
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.nearby.ScanRequest;
+import android.os.WorkSource;
+
+import com.android.dx.mockito.inline.extended.ExtendedMockito;
+import com.android.server.nearby.proto.NearbyStatsLog;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+import org.mockito.MockitoSession;
+import org.mockito.quality.Strictness;
+
+public class NearbyMetricsTest {
+    private static final int SESSION_ID = 11111;
+    private static final int WORK_SOURCE_UID = 2222;
+
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "testDevice";
+    private static final int SCAN_MEDIUM = 1;
+    private static final int RSSI = -60;
+    private static final String FAST_PAIR_MODEL_ID = "1234";
+    private static final String BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:FF:EE";
+    private static final byte[] SCAN_DATA = new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final PublicCredential PUBLIC_CREDENTIAL =
+            new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                            new byte[] {1},
+                            new byte[] {2},
+                            new byte[] {3},
+                            new byte[] {4},
+                            new byte[] {5})
+                    .build();
+
+    private final WorkSource mWorkSource = new WorkSource(WORK_SOURCE_UID);
+    private final WorkSource mEmptyWorkSource = new WorkSource();
+
+    private final ScanRequest.Builder mScanRequestBuilder =
+            new ScanRequest.Builder()
+                    .setScanMode(SCAN_MODE_BALANCED)
+                    .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR);
+    private final ScanRequest mScanRequest = mScanRequestBuilder.setWorkSource(mWorkSource).build();
+    private final ScanRequest mScanRequestWithEmptyWorkSource =
+            mScanRequestBuilder.setWorkSource(mEmptyWorkSource).build();
+
+    private final NearbyDeviceParcelable mNearbyDevice =
+            new NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder()
+                    .setName(DEVICE_NAME)
+                    .setMedium(SCAN_MEDIUM)
+                    .setTxPower(1)
+                    .setRssi(RSSI)
+                    .setAction(1)
+                    .setPublicCredential(PUBLIC_CREDENTIAL)
+                    .setFastPairModelId(FAST_PAIR_MODEL_ID)
+                    .setBluetoothAddress(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS)
+                    .setData(SCAN_DATA)
+                    .build();
+
+    private MockitoSession mSession;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mSession =
+                ExtendedMockito.mockitoSession()
+                        .strictness(Strictness.LENIENT)
+                        .mockStatic(NearbyStatsLog.class)
+                        .startMocking();
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() {
+        mSession.finishMocking();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLogScanStart() {
+        NearbyMetrics.logScanStarted(SESSION_ID, mScanRequest);
+        ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> NearbyStatsLog.write(
+                NearbyStatsLog.NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED,
+                WORK_SOURCE_UID,
+                SESSION_ID,
+                NearbyStatsLog
+                        .NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED__SCAN_STATE__NEARBY_SCAN_STATE_STARTED,
+                SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR,
+                0,
+                0,
+                "",
+                ""));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLogScanStart_emptyWorkSource() {
+        NearbyMetrics.logScanStarted(SESSION_ID, mScanRequestWithEmptyWorkSource);
+        ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> NearbyStatsLog.write(
+                NearbyStatsLog.NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED,
+                -1,
+                SESSION_ID,
+                NearbyStatsLog
+                        .NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED__SCAN_STATE__NEARBY_SCAN_STATE_STARTED,
+                SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR,
+                0,
+                0,
+                "",
+                ""));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLogScanStopped() {
+        NearbyMetrics.logScanStopped(SESSION_ID, mScanRequest);
+        ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> NearbyStatsLog.write(
+                NearbyStatsLog.NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED,
+                WORK_SOURCE_UID,
+                SESSION_ID,
+                NearbyStatsLog
+                        .NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED__SCAN_STATE__NEARBY_SCAN_STATE_STOPPED,
+                SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR,
+                0,
+                0,
+                "",
+                ""));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLogScanStopped_emptyWorkSource() {
+        NearbyMetrics.logScanStopped(SESSION_ID, mScanRequestWithEmptyWorkSource);
+        ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> NearbyStatsLog.write(
+                NearbyStatsLog.NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED,
+                -1,
+                SESSION_ID,
+                NearbyStatsLog
+                        .NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED__SCAN_STATE__NEARBY_SCAN_STATE_STOPPED,
+                SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR,
+                0,
+                0,
+                "",
+                ""));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLogScanDeviceDiscovered() {
+        NearbyMetrics.logScanDeviceDiscovered(SESSION_ID, mScanRequest, mNearbyDevice);
+        ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> NearbyStatsLog.write(
+                NearbyStatsLog.NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED,
+                WORK_SOURCE_UID,
+                SESSION_ID,
+                NearbyStatsLog
+                        .NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED__SCAN_STATE__NEARBY_SCAN_STATE_DISCOVERED,
+                SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR,
+                SCAN_MEDIUM,
+                RSSI,
+                FAST_PAIR_MODEL_ID,
+                ""));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLogScanDeviceDiscovered_emptyWorkSource() {
+        NearbyMetrics.logScanDeviceDiscovered(
+                SESSION_ID, mScanRequestWithEmptyWorkSource, mNearbyDevice);
+        ExtendedMockito.verify(() -> NearbyStatsLog.write(
+                NearbyStatsLog.NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED,
+                -1,
+                SESSION_ID,
+                NearbyStatsLog
+                        .NEARBY_DEVICE_SCAN_STATE_CHANGED__SCAN_STATE__NEARBY_SCAN_STATE_DISCOVERED,
+                SCAN_TYPE_FAST_PAIR,
+                SCAN_MEDIUM,
+                RSSI,
+                FAST_PAIR_MODEL_ID,
+                ""));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/DataElementHeaderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/DataElementHeaderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e186709
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/DataElementHeaderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link DataElementHeader}.
+ */
+public class DataElementHeaderTest {
+
+    private static final int VERSION = BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1;
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_illegalLength() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> new DataElementHeader(VERSION, 12, 128));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_singeByteConversion() {
+        DataElementHeader header = new DataElementHeader(VERSION, 12, 3);
+        byte[] bytes = header.toBytes();
+        assertThat(bytes).isEqualTo(new byte[]{(byte) 0b00111100});
+
+        DataElementHeader afterConversionHeader = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(VERSION, bytes);
+        assertThat(afterConversionHeader.getDataLength()).isEqualTo(3);
+        assertThat(afterConversionHeader.getDataType()).isEqualTo(12);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_multipleBytesConversion() {
+        DataElementHeader header = new DataElementHeader(VERSION, 6, 100);
+        DataElementHeader afterConversionHeader =
+                DataElementHeader.fromBytes(VERSION, header.toBytes());
+        assertThat(afterConversionHeader.getDataLength()).isEqualTo(100);
+        assertThat(afterConversionHeader.getDataType()).isEqualTo(6);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_fromBytes() {
+        // Single byte case.
+        byte[] singleByte = new byte[]{(byte) 0b01011101};
+        DataElementHeader singeByteHeader = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(VERSION, singleByte);
+        assertThat(singeByteHeader.getDataLength()).isEqualTo(5);
+        assertThat(singeByteHeader.getDataType()).isEqualTo(13);
+
+        // Two bytes case.
+        byte[] twoBytes = new byte[]{(byte) 0b11011101, (byte) 0b01011101};
+        DataElementHeader twoBytesHeader = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(VERSION, twoBytes);
+        assertThat(twoBytesHeader.getDataLength()).isEqualTo(93);
+        assertThat(twoBytesHeader.getDataType()).isEqualTo(93);
+
+        // Three bytes case.
+        byte[] threeBytes = new byte[]{(byte) 0b11011101, (byte) 0b11111111, (byte) 0b01011101};
+        DataElementHeader threeBytesHeader = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(VERSION, threeBytes);
+        assertThat(threeBytesHeader.getDataLength()).isEqualTo(93);
+        assertThat(threeBytesHeader.getDataType()).isEqualTo(16349);
+
+        // Four bytes case.
+        byte[] fourBytes = new byte[]{
+                (byte) 0b11011101, (byte) 0b11111111, (byte) 0b11111111, (byte) 0b01011101};
+
+        DataElementHeader fourBytesHeader = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(VERSION, fourBytes);
+        assertThat(fourBytesHeader.getDataLength()).isEqualTo(93);
+        assertThat(fourBytesHeader.getDataType()).isEqualTo(2097117);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_fromBytesIllegal_singleByte() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> DataElementHeader.fromBytes(VERSION, new byte[]{(byte) 0b11011101}));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_fromBytesIllegal_twoBytes_wrongFirstByte() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> DataElementHeader.fromBytes(VERSION,
+                        new byte[]{(byte) 0b01011101, (byte) 0b01011101}));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_fromBytesIllegal_twoBytes_wrongLastByte() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> DataElementHeader.fromBytes(VERSION,
+                        new byte[]{(byte) 0b11011101, (byte) 0b11011101}));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_fromBytesIllegal_threeBytes() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> DataElementHeader.fromBytes(VERSION,
+                        new byte[]{(byte) 0b11011101, (byte) 0b11011101, (byte) 0b11011101}));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_multipleBytesConversion_largeNumber() {
+        DataElementHeader header = new DataElementHeader(VERSION, 22213546, 66);
+        DataElementHeader afterConversionHeader =
+                DataElementHeader.fromBytes(VERSION, header.toBytes());
+        assertThat(afterConversionHeader.getDataLength()).isEqualTo(66);
+        assertThat(afterConversionHeader.getDataType()).isEqualTo(22213546);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_isExtending() {
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.isExtending((byte) 0b10000100)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.isExtending((byte) 0b01110100)).isFalse();
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.isExtending((byte) 0b00000000)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_convertTag() {
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.convertTag(true)).isEqualTo((byte) 128);
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.convertTag(false)).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getHeaderValue() {
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.getHeaderValue((byte) 0b10000100)).isEqualTo(4);
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.getHeaderValue((byte) 0b00000100)).isEqualTo(4);
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.getHeaderValue((byte) 0b11010100)).isEqualTo(84);
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.getHeaderValue((byte) 0b01010100)).isEqualTo(84);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_convertTypeMultipleIntList() {
+        List<Byte> list = DataElementHeader.convertTypeMultipleBytes(128);
+        assertThat(list.size()).isEqualTo(2);
+        assertThat(list.get(0)).isEqualTo((byte) 0b10000001);
+        assertThat(list.get(1)).isEqualTo((byte) 0b00000000);
+
+        List<Byte> list2 = DataElementHeader.convertTypeMultipleBytes(10);
+        assertThat(list2.size()).isEqualTo(1);
+        assertThat(list2.get(0)).isEqualTo((byte) 0b00001010);
+
+        List<Byte> list3 = DataElementHeader.convertTypeMultipleBytes(5242398);
+        assertThat(list3.size()).isEqualTo(4);
+        assertThat(list3.get(0)).isEqualTo((byte) 0b10000010);
+        assertThat(list3.get(1)).isEqualTo((byte) 0b10111111);
+        assertThat(list3.get(2)).isEqualTo((byte) 0b11111100);
+        assertThat(list3.get(3)).isEqualTo((byte) 0b00011110);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getTypeMultipleBytes() {
+        byte[] inputBytes = new byte[]{(byte) 0b11011000, (byte) 0b10000000, (byte) 0b00001001};
+        // 0b101100000000000001001
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.getTypeMultipleBytes(inputBytes)).isEqualTo(1441801);
+
+        byte[] inputBytes2 = new byte[]{(byte) 0b00010010};
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.getTypeMultipleBytes(inputBytes2)).isEqualTo(18);
+
+        byte[] inputBytes3 = new byte[]{(byte) 0b10000001, (byte) 0b00000000};
+        assertThat(DataElementHeader.getTypeMultipleBytes(inputBytes3)).isEqualTo(128);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..895df69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.PresenceCredential;
+import android.nearby.PrivateCredential;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpIdentityV1;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption.CryptorImpV1;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class ExtendedAdvertisementTest {
+    private static final int IDENTITY_TYPE = PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_MODEL_ID = 7;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_BLE_ADDRESS = 101;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTITY = 3;
+    private static final byte[] MODE_ID_DATA =
+            new byte[]{2, 1, 30, 2, 10, -16, 6, 22, 44, -2, -86, -69, -52};
+    private static final byte[] BLE_ADDRESS = new byte[]{124, 4, 56, 60, 120, -29, -90};
+    private static final DataElement MODE_ID_ADDRESS_ELEMENT =
+            new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_MODEL_ID, MODE_ID_DATA);
+    private static final DataElement BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT =
+            new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_BLE_ADDRESS, BLE_ADDRESS);
+
+    private static final byte[] IDENTITY =
+            new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final int MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE = 0;
+    private static final byte[] SALT = {2, 3};
+    private static final int PRESENCE_ACTION_1 = 1;
+    private static final int PRESENCE_ACTION_2 = 2;
+
+    private static final byte[] SECRET_ID = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY =
+            new byte[]{-97, 10, 107, -86, 25, 65, -54, -95, -72, 59, 54, 93, 9, 3, -24, -88};
+    private static final byte[] PUBLIC_KEY =
+            new byte[] {
+                    48, 89, 48, 19, 6, 7, 42, -122, 72, -50, 61, 2, 1, 6, 8, 42, -122, 72, -50, 61,
+                    66, 0, 4, -56, -39, -92, 69, 0, 52, 23, 67, 83, -14, 75, 52, -14, -5, -41, 48,
+                    -83, 31, 42, -39, 102, -13, 22, -73, -73, 86, 30, -96, -84, -13, 4, 122, 104,
+                    -65, 64, 91, -109, -45, -35, -56, 55, -79, 47, -85, 27, -96, -119, -82, -80,
+                    123, 41, -119, -25, 1, -112, 112
+            };
+    private static final byte[] ENCRYPTED_METADATA_BYTES =
+            new byte[] {
+                    -44, -25, -95, -124, -7, 90, 116, -8, 7, -120, -23, -22, -106, -44, -19, 61,
+                    -18, 39, 29, 78, 108, -11, -39, 85, -30, 64, -99, 102, 65, 37, -42, 114, -37,
+                    88, -112, 8, -75, -53, 23, -16, -104, 67, 49, 48, -53, 73, -109, 44, -23, -11,
+                    -118, -61, -37, -104, 60, 105, 115, 1, 56, -89, -107, -45, -116, -1, -25, 84,
+                    -19, -128, 81, 11, 92, 77, -58, 82, 122, 123, 31, -87, -57, 70, 23, -81, 7, 2,
+                    -114, -83, 74, 124, -68, -98, 47, 91, 9, 48, -67, 41, -7, -97, 78, 66, -65, 58,
+                    -4, -46, -30, -85, -50, 100, 46, -66, -128, 7, 66, 9, 88, 95, 12, -13, 81, -91,
+            };
+    private static final byte[] METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG =
+            new byte[] {-126, -104, 1, -1, 26, -46, -68, -86};
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "test_device";
+
+    private PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder mBuilder;
+    private PrivateCredential mPrivateCredential;
+    private PublicCredential mPublicCredential;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        mPrivateCredential =
+                new PrivateCredential.Builder(SECRET_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, IDENTITY, DEVICE_NAME)
+                        .setIdentityType(PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                        .build();
+        mPublicCredential =
+                new PublicCredential.Builder(SECRET_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, PUBLIC_KEY,
+                        ENCRYPTED_METADATA_BYTES, METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
+                        .build();
+        mBuilder =
+                new PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(Collections.singletonList(MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE),
+                        SALT, mPrivateCredential)
+                        .setVersion(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1)
+                        .addAction(PRESENCE_ACTION_1)
+                        .addAction(PRESENCE_ACTION_2)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_BLE_ADDRESS, BLE_ADDRESS))
+                        .addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_MODEL_ID, MODE_ID_DATA));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_createFromRequest() {
+        ExtendedAdvertisement originalAdvertisement = ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(
+                mBuilder.build());
+
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getActions())
+                .containsExactly(PRESENCE_ACTION_1, PRESENCE_ACTION_2);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getLength()).isEqualTo(66);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getVersion()).isEqualTo(
+                BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getDataElements())
+                .containsExactly(MODE_ID_ADDRESS_ELEMENT, BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_createFromRequest_encodeAndDecode() {
+        ExtendedAdvertisement originalAdvertisement = ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(
+                mBuilder.build());
+
+        byte[] generatedBytes = originalAdvertisement.toBytes();
+
+        ExtendedAdvertisement newAdvertisement =
+                ExtendedAdvertisement.fromBytes(generatedBytes, mPublicCredential);
+
+        assertThat(newAdvertisement.getActions())
+                .containsExactly(PRESENCE_ACTION_1, PRESENCE_ACTION_2);
+        assertThat(newAdvertisement.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY);
+        assertThat(newAdvertisement.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE);
+        assertThat(newAdvertisement.getLength()).isEqualTo(66);
+        assertThat(newAdvertisement.getVersion()).isEqualTo(
+                BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1);
+        assertThat(newAdvertisement.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT);
+        assertThat(newAdvertisement.getDataElements())
+                .containsExactly(MODE_ID_ADDRESS_ELEMENT, BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_createFromRequest_invalidParameter() {
+        // invalid version
+        mBuilder.setVersion(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0);
+        assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(mBuilder.build())).isNull();
+
+        // invalid salt
+        PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder builder =
+                new PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(Collections.singletonList(MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE),
+                        new byte[]{1, 2, 3}, mPrivateCredential)
+                        .setVersion(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1)
+                        .addAction(PRESENCE_ACTION_1);
+        assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(builder.build())).isNull();
+
+        // invalid identity
+        PrivateCredential privateCredential =
+                new PrivateCredential.Builder(SECRET_ID,
+                        AUTHENTICITY_KEY, new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4}, DEVICE_NAME)
+                        .setIdentityType(PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                        .build();
+        PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder builder2 =
+                new PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(Collections.singletonList(MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE),
+                        new byte[]{1, 2, 3}, privateCredential)
+                        .setVersion(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1)
+                        .addAction(PRESENCE_ACTION_1);
+        assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(builder2.build())).isNull();
+
+        // empty action
+        PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder builder3 =
+                new PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(Collections.singletonList(MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE),
+                        SALT, mPrivateCredential)
+                        .setVersion(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1);
+        assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(builder3.build())).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_toBytes() {
+        ExtendedAdvertisement adv = ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(mBuilder.build());
+        assertThat(adv.toBytes()).isEqualTo(getExtendedAdvertisementByteArray());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_fromBytes() {
+        byte[] originalBytes = getExtendedAdvertisementByteArray();
+        ExtendedAdvertisement adv =
+                ExtendedAdvertisement.fromBytes(originalBytes, mPublicCredential);
+
+        assertThat(adv.getActions())
+                .containsExactly(PRESENCE_ACTION_1, PRESENCE_ACTION_2);
+        assertThat(adv.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY);
+        assertThat(adv.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE);
+        assertThat(adv.getLength()).isEqualTo(66);
+        assertThat(adv.getVersion()).isEqualTo(
+                BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1);
+        assertThat(adv.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT);
+        assertThat(adv.getDataElements())
+                .containsExactly(MODE_ID_ADDRESS_ELEMENT, BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_toString() {
+        ExtendedAdvertisement adv = ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(mBuilder.build());
+        assertThat(adv.toString()).isEqualTo("ExtendedAdvertisement:"
+                + "<VERSION: 1, length: 66, dataElementCount: 2, identityType: 1, "
+                + "identity: [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4], salt: [2, 3],"
+                + " actions: [1, 2]>");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getDataElements_accordingToType() {
+        ExtendedAdvertisement adv = ExtendedAdvertisement.createFromRequest(mBuilder.build());
+        List<DataElement> dataElements = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        dataElements.add(BLE_ADDRESS_ELEMENT);
+        assertThat(adv.getDataElements(DATA_TYPE_BLE_ADDRESS)).isEqualTo(dataElements);
+        assertThat(adv.getDataElements(DATA_TYPE_PUBLIC_IDENTITY)).isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] getExtendedAdvertisementByteArray() {
+        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(66);
+        buffer.put((byte) 0b00100000); // Header V1
+        buffer.put((byte) 0b00100000); // Salt header: length 2, type 0
+        // Salt data
+        buffer.put(SALT);
+        // Identity header: length 16, type 1 (private identity)
+        buffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b10010000, (byte) 0b00000001});
+        // Identity data
+        buffer.put(CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance().encrypt(IDENTITY, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY));
+
+        ByteBuffer deBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(28);
+        // Action1 header: length 1, type 6
+        deBuffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b00010110});
+        // Action1 data
+        deBuffer.put((byte) PRESENCE_ACTION_1);
+        // Action2 header: length 1, type 6
+        deBuffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b00010110});
+        // Action2 data
+        deBuffer.put((byte) PRESENCE_ACTION_2);
+        // Ble address header: length 7, type 102
+        deBuffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b10000111, (byte) 0b01100101});
+        // Ble address data
+        deBuffer.put(BLE_ADDRESS);
+        // model id header: length 13, type 7
+        deBuffer.put(new byte[]{(byte) 0b10001101, (byte) 0b00000111});
+        // model id data
+        deBuffer.put(MODE_ID_DATA);
+
+        byte[] data = deBuffer.array();
+        CryptorImpV1 cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
+        buffer.put(cryptor.encrypt(data, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY));
+        buffer.put(cryptor.sign(data, AUTHENTICITY_KEY));
+
+        return buffer.array();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementUtilsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementUtilsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c4fccf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/ExtendedAdvertisementUtilsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link ExtendedAdvertisementUtils}.
+ */
+public class ExtendedAdvertisementUtilsTest {
+    private static final byte[] ADVERTISEMENT1 = new byte[]{0b00100000, 12, 34, 78, 10};
+    private static final byte[] ADVERTISEMENT2 = new byte[]{0b00100000, 0b00100011, 34, 78,
+            (byte) 0b10010000, (byte) 0b00000100,
+            1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16};
+
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_SALT = 3;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_PRIVATE_IDENTITY = 4;
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_constructHeader() {
+        assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.constructHeader(1)).isEqualTo(0b100000);
+        assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.constructHeader(0)).isEqualTo(0);
+        assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.constructHeader(6)).isEqualTo((byte) 0b11000000);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getVersion() {
+        assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getVersion(ADVERTISEMENT1)).isEqualTo(1);
+        byte[] adv = new byte[]{(byte) 0b10111100, 9, 19, 90, 23};
+        assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getVersion(adv)).isEqualTo(5);
+        byte[] adv2 = new byte[]{(byte) 0b10011111, 9, 19, 90, 23};
+        assertThat(ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getVersion(adv2)).isEqualTo(4);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getDataElementHeader_salt() {
+        byte[] saltHeaderArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getDataElementHeader(ADVERTISEMENT2, 1);
+        DataElementHeader header = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(
+                BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1, saltHeaderArray);
+        assertThat(header.getDataType()).isEqualTo(DATA_TYPE_SALT);
+        assertThat(header.getDataLength()).isEqualTo(ExtendedAdvertisement.SALT_DATA_LENGTH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getDataElementHeader_identity() {
+        byte[] identityHeaderArray =
+                ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.getDataElementHeader(ADVERTISEMENT2, 4);
+        DataElementHeader header = DataElementHeader.fromBytes(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1,
+                identityHeaderArray);
+        assertThat(header.getDataType()).isEqualTo(DATA_TYPE_PRIVATE_IDENTITY);
+        assertThat(header.getDataLength()).isEqualTo(ExtendedAdvertisement.IDENTITY_DATA_LENGTH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_constructDataElement_salt() {
+        DataElement salt = new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_SALT, new byte[]{13, 14});
+        byte[] saltArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(salt);
+        // Data length and salt header length.
+        assertThat(saltArray.length).isEqualTo(ExtendedAdvertisement.SALT_DATA_LENGTH + 1);
+        // Header
+        assertThat(saltArray[0]).isEqualTo((byte) 0b00100011);
+        // Data
+        assertThat(saltArray[1]).isEqualTo((byte) 13);
+        assertThat(saltArray[2]).isEqualTo((byte) 14);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_constructDataElement_privateIdentity() {
+        byte[] identityData = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16};
+        DataElement identity = new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_PRIVATE_IDENTITY, identityData);
+        byte[] identityArray = ExtendedAdvertisementUtils.convertDataElementToBytes(identity);
+        // Data length and identity header length.
+        assertThat(identityArray.length).isEqualTo(ExtendedAdvertisement.IDENTITY_DATA_LENGTH + 2);
+        // 1st header byte
+        assertThat(identityArray[0]).isEqualTo((byte) 0b10010000);
+        // 2st header byte
+        assertThat(identityArray[1]).isEqualTo((byte) 0b00000100);
+        // Data
+        assertThat(Arrays.copyOfRange(identityArray, 2, identityArray.length))
+                .isEqualTo(identityData);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/FastAdvertisementTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/FastAdvertisementTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e3e068
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/FastAdvertisementTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.PresenceCredential;
+import android.nearby.PrivateCredential;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link FastAdvertisement}.
+ */
+public class FastAdvertisementTest {
+
+    private static final int IDENTITY_TYPE = PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+    private static final byte[] IDENTITY = new byte[]{1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
+    private static final int MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE = 0;
+    private static final byte[] SALT = {2, 3};
+    private static final byte TX_POWER = 4;
+    private static final int PRESENCE_ACTION = 123;
+    private static final byte[] SECRET_ID = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY = new byte[]{12, 13, 14};
+    private static final byte[] EXPECTED_ADV_BYTES =
+            new byte[]{2, 2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 123};
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "test_device";
+
+    private PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder mBuilder;
+    private PrivateCredential mCredential;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        mCredential =
+                new PrivateCredential.Builder(SECRET_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, IDENTITY, DEVICE_NAME)
+                        .setIdentityType(PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                        .build();
+        mBuilder =
+                new PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(Collections.singletonList(MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE),
+                        SALT, mCredential)
+                        .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                        .setVersion(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0)
+                        .addAction(PRESENCE_ACTION);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFastAdvertisementCreateFromRequest() {
+        FastAdvertisement originalAdvertisement = FastAdvertisement.createFromRequest(
+                mBuilder.build());
+
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getActions()).containsExactly(PRESENCE_ACTION);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getIdentity()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getIdentityType()).isEqualTo(IDENTITY_TYPE);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getLtvFieldCount()).isEqualTo(4);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getLength()).isEqualTo(19);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getVersion()).isEqualTo(
+                BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getSalt()).isEqualTo(SALT);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.getTxPower()).isEqualTo(TX_POWER);
+        assertThat(originalAdvertisement.toString())
+                .isEqualTo("FastAdvertisement:<VERSION: 0, length: 19,"
+                        + " ltvFieldCount: 4,"
+                        + " identityType: 1,"
+                        + " identity: [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],"
+                        + " salt: [2, 3],"
+                        + " actions: [123],"
+                        + " txPower: 4");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFastAdvertisementSerialization() {
+        FastAdvertisement originalAdvertisement = FastAdvertisement.createFromRequest(
+                mBuilder.build());
+        byte[] bytes = originalAdvertisement.toBytes();
+
+        assertThat(bytes).hasLength(originalAdvertisement.getLength());
+        assertThat(bytes).isEqualTo(EXPECTED_ADV_BYTES);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceDiscoveryResultTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceDiscoveryResultTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..856c1a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceDiscoveryResultTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+import android.nearby.PresenceCredential;
+import android.nearby.PresenceDevice;
+import android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Unit tests for {@link PresenceDiscoveryResult}.
+ */
+public class PresenceDiscoveryResultTest {
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_ACCOUNT_KEY = 9;
+    private static final int DATA_TYPE_INTENT = 6;
+    private static final int PRESENCE_ACTION = 123;
+    private static final int TX_POWER = -1;
+    private static final int RSSI = -41;
+    private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[]{12, 34};
+    private static final byte[] SECRET_ID = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY = new byte[]{12, 13, 14};
+    private static final byte[] PUBLIC_KEY = new byte[]{1, 1, 2, 2};
+    private static final byte[] ENCRYPTED_METADATA = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+    private static final byte[] METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG = new byte[]{1, 1, 3, 4, 5};
+    private static final byte[] META_DATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY =
+            new byte[] {-39, -55, 115, 78, -57, 40, 115, 0, -112, 86, -86, 7, -42, 68, 11, 12};
+
+    private PresenceDiscoveryResult.Builder mBuilder;
+    private PublicCredential mCredential;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        mCredential =
+                new PublicCredential.Builder(SECRET_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, PUBLIC_KEY,
+                        ENCRYPTED_METADATA, METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
+                        .setIdentityType(PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                        .build();
+        mBuilder = new PresenceDiscoveryResult.Builder()
+                .setPublicCredential(mCredential)
+                .setSalt(SALT)
+                .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .setRssi(RSSI)
+                .setEncryptedIdentityTag(METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
+                .addPresenceAction(PRESENCE_ACTION);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testFromDevice() {
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder builder = new NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder();
+        builder.setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .setRssi(RSSI)
+                .setEncryptionKeyTag(METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
+                .setSalt(SALT)
+                .setPublicCredential(mCredential);
+
+        PresenceDiscoveryResult discoveryResult =
+                PresenceDiscoveryResult.fromDevice(builder.build());
+        PresenceScanFilter scanFilter = new PresenceScanFilter.Builder()
+                .setMaxPathLoss(80)
+                .addCredential(mCredential)
+                .build();
+
+        assertThat(discoveryResult.matches(scanFilter)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testFromDevice_presenceDeviceAvailable() {
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder builder = new NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder();
+        PresenceDevice presenceDevice =
+                new PresenceDevice.Builder("123", SALT, SECRET_ID, META_DATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(new DataElement(
+                                DATA_TYPE_INTENT, new byte[]{(byte) PRESENCE_ACTION}))
+                        .build();
+        builder.setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .setRssi(RSSI)
+                .setEncryptionKeyTag(METADATA_ENCRYPTION_KEY_TAG)
+                .setPresenceDevice(presenceDevice)
+                .setPublicCredential(mCredential);
+
+        PresenceDiscoveryResult discoveryResult =
+                PresenceDiscoveryResult.fromDevice(builder.build());
+        PresenceScanFilter scanFilter = new PresenceScanFilter.Builder()
+                .setMaxPathLoss(80)
+                .addPresenceAction(PRESENCE_ACTION)
+                .addCredential(mCredential)
+                .build();
+
+        assertThat(discoveryResult.matches(scanFilter)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testAccountMatches() {
+        DataElement accountKey = new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_ACCOUNT_KEY, new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4});
+        mBuilder.addExtendedProperties(List.of(accountKey));
+        PresenceDiscoveryResult discoveryResult = mBuilder.build();
+
+        List<DataElement> extendedProperties = new ArrayList<>();
+        extendedProperties.add(new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_ACCOUNT_KEY, new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4}));
+        extendedProperties.add(new DataElement(DATA_TYPE_INTENT,
+                new byte[]{(byte) PRESENCE_ACTION}));
+        assertThat(discoveryResult.accountKeyMatches(extendedProperties)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testMatches() {
+        PresenceScanFilter scanFilter = new PresenceScanFilter.Builder()
+                .setMaxPathLoss(80)
+                .addPresenceAction(PRESENCE_ACTION)
+                .addCredential(mCredential)
+                .build();
+
+        PresenceDiscoveryResult discoveryResult = mBuilder.build();
+        assertThat(discoveryResult.matches(scanFilter)).isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void test_notMatches() {
+        PresenceDiscoveryResult.Builder builder = new PresenceDiscoveryResult.Builder()
+                .setPublicCredential(mCredential)
+                .setSalt(SALT)
+                .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                .setRssi(RSSI)
+                .setEncryptedIdentityTag(new byte[]{5, 4, 3, 2, 1})
+                .addPresenceAction(PRESENCE_ACTION);
+
+        PresenceScanFilter scanFilter = new PresenceScanFilter.Builder()
+                .setMaxPathLoss(80)
+                .addPresenceAction(PRESENCE_ACTION)
+                .addCredential(mCredential)
+                .build();
+
+        PresenceDiscoveryResult discoveryResult = builder.build();
+        assertThat(discoveryResult.matches(scanFilter)).isFalse();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceManagerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9deb1eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/presence/PresenceManagerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.presence;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.DataElement;
+import android.nearby.PresenceDevice;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.common.locator.LocatorContextWrapper;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+public class PresenceManagerTest {
+    private static final byte[] IDENTITY =
+            new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] SALT = {2, 3};
+    private static final byte[] SECRET_ID =
+            new byte[] {-97, 10, 107, -86, 25, 65, -54, -95, -72, 59, 54, 93, 9, 3, -24, -88};
+
+    @Mock private Context mContext;
+    private LocatorContextWrapper mLocatorContextWrapper;
+    private PresenceManager mPresenceManager;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+
+        mLocatorContextWrapper = new LocatorContextWrapper(mContext);
+        mPresenceManager = new PresenceManager(mLocatorContextWrapper);
+        when(mContext.getContentResolver())
+                .thenReturn(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation()
+                        .getContext().getContentResolver());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testInit() {
+        mPresenceManager.initiate();
+
+        verify(mContext, times(1)).registerReceiver(any(), any());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testDeviceStatusUpdated() {
+        DataElement dataElement1 = new DataElement(1, new byte[] {1, 2});
+        DataElement dataElement2 = new DataElement(2, new byte[] {-1, -2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9});
+
+        PresenceDevice presenceDevice =
+                new PresenceDevice.Builder(/* deviceId= */ "deviceId", SALT, SECRET_ID, IDENTITY)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(dataElement1)
+                        .addExtendedProperty(dataElement2)
+                        .build();
+
+        mPresenceManager.mScanCallback.onDiscovered(presenceDevice);
+        mPresenceManager.mScanCallback.onUpdated(presenceDevice);
+        mPresenceManager.mScanCallback.onLost(presenceDevice);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProviderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProviderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05b556b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleBroadcastProviderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.atLeastOnce;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings;
+import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertisingSetCallback;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubManager;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastCallback;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.injector.Injector;
+
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnit;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoRule;
+
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link BleBroadcastProvider}.
+ */
+public class BleBroadcastProviderTest {
+    @Rule
+    public final MockitoRule mocks = MockitoJUnit.rule();
+
+    @Mock
+    private BleBroadcastProvider.BroadcastListener mBroadcastListener;
+    private BleBroadcastProvider mBleBroadcastProvider;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        mBleBroadcastProvider = new BleBroadcastProvider(new TestInjector(),
+                MoreExecutors.directExecutor());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnStatus_success_fastAdv() {
+        byte[] advertiseBytes = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+        mBleBroadcastProvider.start(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0,
+                advertiseBytes, mBroadcastListener);
+
+        AdvertiseSettings settings = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder().build();
+        mBleBroadcastProvider.onStartSuccess(settings);
+        verify(mBroadcastListener).onStatusChanged(eq(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_OK));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnStatus_success_extendedAdv() {
+        byte[] advertiseBytes = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+        mBleBroadcastProvider.start(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1,
+                advertiseBytes, mBroadcastListener);
+
+        // advertising set can not be mocked, so we will allow nulls
+        mBleBroadcastProvider.mAdvertisingSetCallback.onAdvertisingSetStarted(null, -30,
+                AdvertisingSetCallback.ADVERTISE_SUCCESS);
+        verify(mBroadcastListener).onStatusChanged(eq(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_OK));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnStatus_failure_fastAdv() {
+        byte[] advertiseBytes = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+        mBleBroadcastProvider.start(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0,
+                advertiseBytes, mBroadcastListener);
+
+        mBleBroadcastProvider.onStartFailure(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE);
+        verify(mBroadcastListener, times(1))
+                .onStatusChanged(eq(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnStatus_failure_extendedAdv() {
+        byte[] advertiseBytes = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+        mBleBroadcastProvider.start(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V1,
+                advertiseBytes, mBroadcastListener);
+
+        // advertising set can not be mocked, so we will allow nulls
+        mBleBroadcastProvider.mAdvertisingSetCallback.onAdvertisingSetStarted(null, -30,
+                AdvertisingSetCallback.ADVERTISE_FAILED_INTERNAL_ERROR);
+        // Can be additional failure if the test device does not support LE Extended Advertising.
+        verify(mBroadcastListener, atLeastOnce())
+                .onStatusChanged(eq(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStop() {
+        mBleBroadcastProvider.stop();
+    }
+
+    private static class TestInjector implements Injector {
+
+        @Override
+        public BluetoothAdapter getBluetoothAdapter() {
+            Context context = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext();
+            BluetoothManager bluetoothManager = context.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class);
+            return bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public ContextHubManager getContextHubManager() {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public AppOpsManager getAppOpsManager() {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleDiscoveryProviderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleDiscoveryProviderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9531c53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BleDiscoveryProviderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static android.bluetooth.le.ScanSettings.CALLBACK_TYPE_ALL_MATCHES;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;
+
+import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
+import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanRecord;
+import android.bluetooth.le.ScanResult;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubManager;
+import android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.nearby.ScanFilter;
+
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.injector.Injector;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public final class BleDiscoveryProviderTest {
+
+    private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
+    private BleDiscoveryProvider mBleDiscoveryProvider;
+    @Mock
+    private AbstractDiscoveryProvider.Listener mListener;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        initMocks(this);
+        Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext();
+        Injector injector = new TestInjector();
+
+        mBluetoothAdapter = context.getSystemService(BluetoothManager.class).getAdapter();
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider = new BleDiscoveryProvider(context, injector);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_callback() throws InterruptedException {
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController().setListener(mListener);
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider.onStart();
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider.getScanCallback()
+                .onScanResult(CALLBACK_TYPE_ALL_MATCHES, createScanResult());
+
+        // Wait for callback to be invoked
+        Thread.sleep(500);
+        verify(mListener, times(1)).onNearbyDeviceDiscovered(any());
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider.getScanCallback().onScanFailed(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_stopScan() {
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider.onStart();
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider.onStop();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_stopScan_filersReset() {
+        List<ScanFilter> filterList = new ArrayList<>();
+        filterList.add(getSanFilter());
+
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider.getController().setProviderScanFilters(filterList);
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider.onStart();
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider.onStop();
+        assertThat(mBleDiscoveryProvider.mScanFilters).isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInvalidateScanMode() {
+        mBleDiscoveryProvider.invalidateScanMode();
+    }
+
+    private class TestInjector implements Injector {
+        @Override
+        public BluetoothAdapter getBluetoothAdapter() {
+            return mBluetoothAdapter;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public ContextHubManager getContextHubManager() {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public AppOpsManager getAppOpsManager() {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private ScanResult createScanResult() {
+        BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice = mBluetoothAdapter
+                .getRemoteDevice("11:22:33:44:55:66");
+        byte[] scanRecord = new byte[] {2, 1, 6, 6, 22, 44, -2, 113, -116, 23, 2, 10, -11, 0, 0, 0,
+                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+        return new ScanResult(
+                bluetoothDevice,
+                /* eventType= */ 0,
+                /* primaryPhy= */ 0,
+                /* secondaryPhy= */ 0,
+                /* advertisingSid= */ 0,
+                -31,
+                -50,
+                /* periodicAdvertisingInterval= */ 0,
+                parseScanRecord(scanRecord),
+                1645579363003L);
+    }
+
+    private static ScanRecord parseScanRecord(byte[] bytes) {
+        Class<?> scanRecordClass = ScanRecord.class;
+        try {
+            Method method = scanRecordClass
+                    .getDeclaredMethod("parseFromBytes", byte[].class);
+            return (ScanRecord) method.invoke(null, bytes);
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException | IllegalArgumentException
+                | InvocationTargetException e) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static PresenceScanFilter getSanFilter() {
+        return new PresenceScanFilter.Builder()
+                .setMaxPathLoss(70)
+                .addCredential(getPublicCredential())
+                .addPresenceAction(124)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    private static PublicCredential getPublicCredential() {
+        return new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                new byte[]{1, 2},
+                new byte[]{1, 2},
+                new byte[]{1, 2},
+                new byte[]{1, 2},
+                new byte[]{1, 2})
+                .build();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BroadcastProviderManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BroadcastProviderManagerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0179901
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/BroadcastProviderManagerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static android.Manifest.permission.READ_DEVICE_CONFIG;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG;
+import static android.provider.DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_TETHERING;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.NearbyConfiguration.NEARBY_ENABLE_PRESENCE_BROADCAST_LEGACY;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+import android.app.UiAutomation;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastCallback;
+import android.nearby.BroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.IBroadcastListener;
+import android.nearby.PresenceBroadcastRequest;
+import android.nearby.PresenceCredential;
+import android.nearby.PrivateCredential;
+import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
+
+import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider;
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnit;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoRule;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link BroadcastProviderManager}.
+ */
+public class BroadcastProviderManagerTest {
+    private static final byte[] IDENTITY = new byte[]{1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
+    private static final int MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE = 0;
+    private static final byte[] SALT = {2, 3};
+    private static final byte TX_POWER = 4;
+    private static final int PRESENCE_ACTION = 123;
+    private static final byte[] SECRET_ID = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY = new byte[]{12, 13, 14};
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "test_device";
+
+    @Rule
+    public final MockitoRule mocks = MockitoJUnit.rule();
+
+    @Mock
+    IBroadcastListener mBroadcastListener;
+    @Mock
+    BleBroadcastProvider mBleBroadcastProvider;
+    private Context mContext;
+    private BroadcastProviderManager mBroadcastProviderManager;
+    private BroadcastRequest mBroadcastRequest;
+    private UiAutomation mUiAutomation =
+            InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation();
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        mUiAutomation.adoptShellPermissionIdentity(WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG, READ_DEVICE_CONFIG);
+        DeviceConfig.setProperty(NAMESPACE_TETHERING, NEARBY_ENABLE_PRESENCE_BROADCAST_LEGACY,
+                "true", false);
+
+        mContext = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext();
+        mBroadcastProviderManager = new BroadcastProviderManager(MoreExecutors.directExecutor(),
+                mBleBroadcastProvider);
+
+        PrivateCredential privateCredential =
+                new PrivateCredential.Builder(SECRET_ID, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, IDENTITY, DEVICE_NAME)
+                        .setIdentityType(PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                        .build();
+        mBroadcastRequest =
+                new PresenceBroadcastRequest.Builder(Collections.singletonList(MEDIUM_TYPE_BLE),
+                        SALT, privateCredential)
+                        .setTxPower(TX_POWER)
+                        .setVersion(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0)
+                        .addAction(PRESENCE_ACTION).build();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartAdvertising() {
+        mBroadcastProviderManager.startBroadcast(mBroadcastRequest, mBroadcastListener);
+        verify(mBleBroadcastProvider).start(eq(BroadcastRequest.PRESENCE_VERSION_V0),
+                any(byte[].class), any(BleBroadcastProvider.BroadcastListener.class));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStopAdvertising() {
+        mBroadcastProviderManager.stopBroadcast(mBroadcastListener);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartAdvertising_featureDisabled() throws Exception {
+        DeviceConfig.setProperty(NAMESPACE_TETHERING, NEARBY_ENABLE_PRESENCE_BROADCAST_LEGACY,
+                "false", false);
+        mBroadcastProviderManager = new BroadcastProviderManager(MoreExecutors.directExecutor(),
+                mBleBroadcastProvider);
+        mBroadcastProviderManager.startBroadcast(mBroadcastRequest, mBroadcastListener);
+        verify(mBroadcastListener).onStatusChanged(eq(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_FAILURE));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnStatusChanged() throws Exception {
+        mBroadcastProviderManager.startBroadcast(mBroadcastRequest, mBroadcastListener);
+        mBroadcastProviderManager.onStatusChanged(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_OK);
+        verify(mBroadcastListener).onStatusChanged(eq(BroadcastCallback.STATUS_OK));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreCommunicationTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreCommunicationTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2bc2be3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreCommunicationTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubClient;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubInfo;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubManager;
+import android.hardware.location.ContextHubTransaction;
+import android.hardware.location.NanoAppMessage;
+import android.hardware.location.NanoAppState;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.injector.Injector;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Captor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+public class ChreCommunicationTest {
+    @Mock Injector mInjector;
+    @Mock Context mContext;
+    @Mock ContextHubManager mManager;
+    @Mock ContextHubTransaction<List<NanoAppState>> mTransaction;
+    @Mock ContextHubTransaction.Response<List<NanoAppState>> mTransactionResponse;
+    @Mock ContextHubClient mClient;
+    @Mock ChreCommunication.ContextHubCommsCallback mChreCallback;
+
+    @Captor
+    ArgumentCaptor<ChreCommunication.OnQueryCompleteListener> mOnQueryCompleteListenerCaptor;
+
+    private ChreCommunication mChreCommunication;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        when(mInjector.getContextHubManager()).thenReturn(mManager);
+        when(mManager.getContextHubs()).thenReturn(Collections.singletonList(new ContextHubInfo()));
+        when(mManager.queryNanoApps(any())).thenReturn(mTransaction);
+        when(mManager.createClient(any(), any(), any(), any())).thenReturn(mClient);
+        when(mTransactionResponse.getResult()).thenReturn(ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_SUCCESS);
+        when(mTransactionResponse.getContents())
+                .thenReturn(
+                        Collections.singletonList(
+                                new NanoAppState(ChreDiscoveryProvider.NANOAPP_ID, 1, true)));
+
+        mChreCommunication = new ChreCommunication(mInjector, mContext, new InlineExecutor());
+        mChreCommunication.start(
+                mChreCallback, Collections.singleton(ChreDiscoveryProvider.NANOAPP_ID));
+
+        verify(mTransaction).setOnCompleteListener(mOnQueryCompleteListenerCaptor.capture(), any());
+        mOnQueryCompleteListenerCaptor.getValue().onComplete(mTransaction, mTransactionResponse);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStart() {
+        verify(mChreCallback).started(true);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStop() {
+        mChreCommunication.stop();
+        verify(mClient).close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSendMessageToNanApp() {
+        NanoAppMessage message =
+                NanoAppMessage.createMessageToNanoApp(
+                        ChreDiscoveryProvider.NANOAPP_ID,
+                        ChreDiscoveryProvider.NANOAPP_MESSAGE_TYPE_FILTER,
+                        new byte[] {1, 2, 3});
+        mChreCommunication.sendMessageToNanoApp(message);
+        verify(mClient).sendMessageToNanoApp(eq(message));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnMessageFromNanoApp() {
+        NanoAppMessage message =
+                NanoAppMessage.createMessageToNanoApp(
+                        ChreDiscoveryProvider.NANOAPP_ID,
+                        ChreDiscoveryProvider.NANOAPP_MESSAGE_TYPE_FILTER_RESULT,
+                        new byte[] {1, 2, 3});
+        mChreCommunication.onMessageFromNanoApp(mClient, message);
+        verify(mChreCallback).onMessageFromNanoApp(eq(message));
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testContextHubTransactionResultToString() {
+        assertThat(
+                mChreCommunication.contextHubTransactionResultToString(
+                        ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_SUCCESS))
+                .isEqualTo("RESULT_SUCCESS");
+        assertThat(
+                mChreCommunication.contextHubTransactionResultToString(
+                        ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_UNKNOWN))
+                .isEqualTo("RESULT_FAILED_UNKNOWN");
+        assertThat(
+                mChreCommunication.contextHubTransactionResultToString(
+                        ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_BAD_PARAMS))
+                .isEqualTo("RESULT_FAILED_BAD_PARAMS");
+        assertThat(
+                mChreCommunication.contextHubTransactionResultToString(
+                        ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_UNINITIALIZED))
+                .isEqualTo("RESULT_FAILED_UNINITIALIZED");
+        assertThat(
+                mChreCommunication.contextHubTransactionResultToString(
+                        ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_BUSY))
+                .isEqualTo("RESULT_FAILED_BUSY");
+        assertThat(
+                mChreCommunication.contextHubTransactionResultToString(
+                        ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_AT_HUB))
+                .isEqualTo("RESULT_FAILED_AT_HUB");
+        assertThat(
+                mChreCommunication.contextHubTransactionResultToString(
+                        ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_TIMEOUT))
+                .isEqualTo("RESULT_FAILED_TIMEOUT");
+        assertThat(
+                mChreCommunication.contextHubTransactionResultToString(
+                        ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_SERVICE_INTERNAL_FAILURE))
+                .isEqualTo("RESULT_FAILED_SERVICE_INTERNAL_FAILURE");
+        assertThat(
+                mChreCommunication.contextHubTransactionResultToString(
+                        ContextHubTransaction.RESULT_FAILED_HAL_UNAVAILABLE))
+                .isEqualTo("RESULT_FAILED_HAL_UNAVAILABLE");
+        assertThat(
+                mChreCommunication.contextHubTransactionResultToString(9))
+                .isEqualTo("UNKNOWN_RESULT value=9");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnHubReset() {
+        mChreCommunication.onHubReset(mClient);
+        verify(mChreCallback).onHubReset();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnNanoAppLoaded() {
+        mChreCommunication.onNanoAppLoaded(mClient, ChreDiscoveryProvider.NANOAPP_ID);
+        verify(mChreCallback).onNanoAppRestart(eq(ChreDiscoveryProvider.NANOAPP_ID));
+    }
+
+    private static class InlineExecutor implements Executor {
+        @Override
+        public void execute(Runnable command) {
+            command.run();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProviderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProviderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..285816f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/ChreDiscoveryProviderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.hardware.location.NanoAppMessage;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Captor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+import service.proto.Blefilter;
+
+public class ChreDiscoveryProviderTest {
+    @Mock AbstractDiscoveryProvider.Listener mListener;
+    @Mock ChreCommunication mChreCommunication;
+
+    @Captor ArgumentCaptor<ChreCommunication.ContextHubCommsCallback> mChreCallbackCaptor;
+
+    private ChreDiscoveryProvider mChreDiscoveryProvider;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext();
+        mChreDiscoveryProvider =
+                new ChreDiscoveryProvider(context, mChreCommunication, new InLineExecutor());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testInit() {
+        mChreDiscoveryProvider.init();
+        verify(mChreCommunication).start(mChreCallbackCaptor.capture(), any());
+        mChreCallbackCaptor.getValue().started(true);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testOnNearbyDeviceDiscovered() {
+        Blefilter.PublicCredential credential =
+                Blefilter.PublicCredential.newBuilder()
+                        .setSecretId(ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[] {1}))
+                        .setAuthenticityKey(ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[2]))
+                        .setPublicKey(ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[3]))
+                        .setEncryptedMetadata(ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[4]))
+                        .setEncryptedMetadataTag(ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[5]))
+                        .build();
+        Blefilter.BleFilterResult result =
+                Blefilter.BleFilterResult.newBuilder()
+                        .setTxPower(2)
+                        .setRssi(1)
+                        .setPublicCredential(credential)
+                        .build();
+        Blefilter.BleFilterResults results =
+                Blefilter.BleFilterResults.newBuilder().addResult(result).build();
+        NanoAppMessage chre_message =
+                NanoAppMessage.createMessageToNanoApp(
+                        ChreDiscoveryProvider.NANOAPP_ID,
+                        ChreDiscoveryProvider.NANOAPP_MESSAGE_TYPE_FILTER_RESULT,
+                        results.toByteArray());
+        mChreDiscoveryProvider.getController().setListener(mListener);
+        mChreDiscoveryProvider.init();
+        mChreDiscoveryProvider.onStart();
+        verify(mChreCommunication).start(mChreCallbackCaptor.capture(), any());
+        mChreCallbackCaptor.getValue().onMessageFromNanoApp(chre_message);
+        verify(mListener).onNearbyDeviceDiscovered(any());
+    }
+
+    private static class InLineExecutor implements Executor {
+        @Override
+        public void execute(Runnable command) {
+            command.run();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/DiscoveryProviderManagerTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/DiscoveryProviderManagerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1af959d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/DiscoveryProviderManagerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static android.nearby.PresenceCredential.IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE;
+import static android.nearby.ScanRequest.SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.NearbyDeviceParcelable;
+import android.nearby.PresenceScanFilter;
+import android.nearby.PublicCredential;
+import android.nearby.ScanFilter;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.injector.Injector;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class DiscoveryProviderManagerTest {
+    @Mock Injector mInjector;
+    @Mock Context mContext;
+    @Mock AppOpsManager mAppOpsManager;
+    private DiscoveryProviderManager mDiscoveryProviderManager;
+
+    private static final int RSSI = -60;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        when(mInjector.getAppOpsManager()).thenReturn(mAppOpsManager);
+        mDiscoveryProviderManager =
+                new DiscoveryProviderManager(mContext, mInjector);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnNearbyDeviceDiscovered() {
+        NearbyDeviceParcelable nearbyDeviceParcelable = new NearbyDeviceParcelable.Builder()
+                .setScanType(SCAN_TYPE_NEARBY_PRESENCE)
+                .build();
+        mDiscoveryProviderManager.onNearbyDeviceDiscovered(nearbyDeviceParcelable);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInvalidateProviderScanMode() {
+        mDiscoveryProviderManager.invalidateProviderScanMode();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartChreProvider() {
+        mDiscoveryProviderManager.startChreProvider();
+    }
+
+    private static PresenceScanFilter getPresenceScanFilter() {
+        final byte[] secretId = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+        final byte[] authenticityKey = new byte[]{0, 1, 1, 1};
+        final byte[] publicKey = new byte[]{1, 1, 2, 2};
+        final byte[] encryptedMetadata = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        final byte[] metadataEncryptionKeyTag = new byte[]{1, 1, 3, 4, 5};
+
+        PublicCredential credential = new PublicCredential.Builder(
+                secretId, authenticityKey, publicKey, encryptedMetadata, metadataEncryptionKeyTag)
+                .setIdentityType(IDENTITY_TYPE_PRIVATE)
+                .build();
+
+        final int action = 123;
+        return new PresenceScanFilter.Builder()
+                .addCredential(credential)
+                .setMaxPathLoss(RSSI)
+                .addPresenceAction(action)
+                .build();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/FastPairDataProviderTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/FastPairDataProviderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..300efbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/FastPairDataProviderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,376 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.nearby.FastPairDataProviderService;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FastPairUploadInfo;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+import service.proto.FastPairString;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+
+public class FastPairDataProviderTest {
+
+    private static final Account ACCOUNT = new Account("abc@google.com", "type1");
+    private static final byte[] MODEL_ID = new byte[]{7, 9};
+    private static final int BLE_TX_POWER = 5;
+    private static final String CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED =
+            "CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED";
+    private static final String CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED =
+            "CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED";
+    private static final int DEVICE_TYPE = 1;
+    private static final String DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION =
+            "FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final byte[] IMAGE = new byte[]{7, 9};
+    private static final String IMAGE_URL = "IMAGE_URL";
+    private static final String INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION =
+            "INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT =
+            "INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT";
+    private static final String INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION = "INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String INTENT_URI = "INTENT_URI";
+    private static final String OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION = "OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION =
+            "RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION = "SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final float TRIGGER_DISTANCE = 111;
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE = "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE";
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD =
+            "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD";
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD =
+            "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD";
+    private static final String UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION = "UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE = "UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE";
+    private static final String UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final byte[] ACCOUNT_KEY = new byte[]{3};
+    private static final byte[] SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS = new byte[]{2, 8};
+    private static final byte[] ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY = new byte[]{4, 5, 6};
+    private static final String ACTION_URL = "ACTION_URL";
+    private static final String APP_NAME = "APP_NAME";
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICATION_PUBLIC_KEY_SEC_P256R1 = new byte[]{5, 7};
+    private static final String DESCRIPTION = "DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "DEVICE_NAME";
+    private static final String DISPLAY_URL = "DISPLAY_URL";
+    private static final long FIRST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS = 8393L;
+    private static final String ICON_FIFE_URL = "ICON_FIFE_URL";
+    private static final byte[] ICON_PNG = new byte[]{2, 5};
+    private static final String ID = "ID";
+    private static final long LAST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS = 934234L;
+    private static final String MAC_ADDRESS = "MAC_ADDRESS";
+    private static final String NAME = "NAME";
+    private static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "PACKAGE_NAME";
+    private static final long PENDING_APP_INSTALL_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS = 832393L;
+    private static final int RSSI = 9;
+    private static final String TITLE = "TITLE";
+    private static final String TRIGGER_ID = "TRIGGER_ID";
+    private static final int TX_POWER = 63;
+
+    @Mock ProxyFastPairDataProvider mProxyFastPairDataProvider;
+
+    FastPairDataProvider mFastPairDataProvider;
+    FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] mFastPairEligibleAccountParcels =
+            { genHappyPathFastPairEligibleAccountParcel() };
+    FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel mFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel =
+            genHappyPathFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+    FastPairUploadInfo mFastPairUploadInfo = genHappyPathFastPairUploadInfo();
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getContext();
+        mFastPairDataProvider = FastPairDataProvider.init(context);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testFailurePath_throwsException() throws IllegalStateException {
+        mFastPairDataProvider = FastPairDataProvider.getInstance();
+        assertThrows(
+                IllegalStateException.class,
+                () -> {
+                    mFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairEligibleAccounts(); });
+        assertThrows(
+                IllegalStateException.class,
+                () -> {
+                    mFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(MODEL_ID); });
+        assertThrows(
+                IllegalStateException.class,
+                () -> {
+                    mFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey(ACCOUNT); });
+        assertThrows(
+                IllegalStateException.class,
+                () -> {
+                    mFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey(
+                            ACCOUNT, ImmutableList.of()); });
+        assertThrows(
+                IllegalStateException.class,
+                () -> {
+                    mFastPairDataProvider.optIn(ACCOUNT); });
+        assertThrows(
+                IllegalStateException.class,
+                () -> {
+                    mFastPairDataProvider.upload(ACCOUNT, mFastPairUploadInfo); });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testLoadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata_receivesResponse()  {
+        mFastPairDataProvider.setProxyDataProvider(mProxyFastPairDataProvider);
+        when(mProxyFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(any()))
+                .thenReturn(mFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel);
+
+        mFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(MODEL_ID);
+        ArgumentCaptor<FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel> captor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataRequestParcel.class);
+        verify(mProxyFastPairDataProvider).loadFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadata(captor.capture());
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().modelId).isSameInstanceAs(MODEL_ID);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testOptIn_finishesSuccessfully()  {
+        mFastPairDataProvider.setProxyDataProvider(mProxyFastPairDataProvider);
+        doNothing().when(mProxyFastPairDataProvider).manageFastPairAccount(any());
+        mFastPairDataProvider.optIn(ACCOUNT);
+        ArgumentCaptor<FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel> captor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(FastPairManageAccountRequestParcel.class);
+        verify(mProxyFastPairDataProvider).manageFastPairAccount(captor.capture());
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().account).isSameInstanceAs(ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().requestType).isEqualTo(
+                FastPairDataProviderService.MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testUpload_finishesSuccessfully()  {
+        mFastPairDataProvider.setProxyDataProvider(mProxyFastPairDataProvider);
+        doNothing().when(mProxyFastPairDataProvider).manageFastPairAccountDevice(any());
+        mFastPairDataProvider.upload(ACCOUNT, mFastPairUploadInfo);
+        ArgumentCaptor<FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel> captor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(FastPairManageAccountDeviceRequestParcel.class);
+        verify(mProxyFastPairDataProvider).manageFastPairAccountDevice(captor.capture());
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().account).isSameInstanceAs(ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().requestType).isEqualTo(
+                FastPairDataProviderService.MANAGE_REQUEST_ADD);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testLoadFastPairEligibleAccounts_receivesOneAccount()  {
+        mFastPairDataProvider.setProxyDataProvider(mProxyFastPairDataProvider);
+        when(mProxyFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairEligibleAccounts(any()))
+                .thenReturn(mFastPairEligibleAccountParcels);
+        assertThat(mFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairEligibleAccounts().size())
+                .isEqualTo(1);
+        ArgumentCaptor<FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel> captor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(FastPairEligibleAccountsRequestParcel.class);
+        verify(mProxyFastPairDataProvider).loadFastPairEligibleAccounts(captor.capture());
+        assertThat(captor.getValue()).isNotNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testLoadFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey_finishesSuccessfully()  {
+        mFastPairDataProvider.setProxyDataProvider(mProxyFastPairDataProvider);
+        when(mProxyFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(any()))
+                .thenReturn(null);
+
+        mFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey(ACCOUNT);
+        ArgumentCaptor<FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel> captor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel.class);
+        verify(mProxyFastPairDataProvider).loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(captor.capture());
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().account).isSameInstanceAs(ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().deviceAccountKeys).isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testLoadFastPairDeviceWithAccountKeyDeviceAccountKeys_finishesSuccessfully()  {
+        mFastPairDataProvider.setProxyDataProvider(mProxyFastPairDataProvider);
+        when(mProxyFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(any()))
+                .thenReturn(null);
+
+        mFastPairDataProvider.loadFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey(
+                ACCOUNT, ImmutableList.of(ACCOUNT_KEY));
+        ArgumentCaptor<FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel> captor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(FastPairAccountDevicesMetadataRequestParcel.class);
+        verify(mProxyFastPairDataProvider).loadFastPairAccountDevicesMetadata(captor.capture());
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().account).isSameInstanceAs(ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().deviceAccountKeys.length).isEqualTo(1);
+        assertThat(captor.getValue().deviceAccountKeys[0].byteArray).isSameInstanceAs(ACCOUNT_KEY);
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairEligibleAccountParcel genHappyPathFastPairEligibleAccountParcel() {
+        FastPairEligibleAccountParcel parcel = new FastPairEligibleAccountParcel();
+        parcel.account = ACCOUNT;
+        parcel.optIn = true;
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel
+                genHappyPathFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel() {
+        FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel parcel =
+                new FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+        parcel.antispoofPublicKey = ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY;
+        parcel.deviceMetadata = genHappyPathFastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel genHappyPathFastPairDeviceMetadataParcel() {
+        FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel parcel = new FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+
+        parcel.bleTxPower = BLE_TX_POWER;
+        parcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled = CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED;
+        parcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled =
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED;
+        parcel.deviceType = DEVICE_TYPE;
+        parcel.downloadCompanionAppDescription = DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription = FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.image = IMAGE;
+        parcel.imageUrl = IMAGE_URL;
+        parcel.initialNotificationDescription = INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount =
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT;
+        parcel.initialPairingDescription = INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.intentUri = INTENT_URI;
+        parcel.name = NAME;
+        parcel.openCompanionAppDescription = OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.retroactivePairingDescription = RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.subsequentPairingDescription = SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.triggerDistance = TRIGGER_DISTANCE;
+        parcel.trueWirelessImageUrlCase = TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE;
+        parcel.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud = TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD;
+        parcel.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud = TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD;
+        parcel.unableToConnectDescription = UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.unableToConnectTitle = UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE;
+        parcel.updateCompanionAppDescription = UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription = WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    private static Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem genHappyPathStoredDiscoveryItem() {
+        Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.Builder storedDiscoveryItemBuilder =
+                Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.newBuilder();
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setActionUrl(ACTION_URL);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setActionUrlType(Cache.ResolvedUrlType.WEBPAGE);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setAppName(APP_NAME);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1(
+                ByteString.copyFrom(AUTHENTICATION_PUBLIC_KEY_SEC_P256R1));
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setDescription(DESCRIPTION);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setDeviceName(DEVICE_NAME);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setDisplayUrl(DISPLAY_URL);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setFirstObservationTimestampMillis(
+                FIRST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setIconFifeUrl(ICON_FIFE_URL);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setIconPng(ByteString.copyFrom(ICON_PNG));
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setId(ID);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setLastObservationTimestampMillis(
+                LAST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setMacAddress(MAC_ADDRESS);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setPackageName(PACKAGE_NAME);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setPendingAppInstallTimestampMillis(
+                PENDING_APP_INSTALL_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setRssi(RSSI);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setState(Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.STATE_ENABLED);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setTitle(TITLE);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setTriggerId(TRIGGER_ID);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setTxPower(TX_POWER);
+
+        FastPairString.FastPairStrings.Builder stringsBuilder =
+                FastPairString.FastPairStrings.newBuilder();
+        stringsBuilder.setPairingFinishedCompanionAppInstalled(
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED);
+        stringsBuilder.setPairingFinishedCompanionAppNotInstalled(
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED);
+        stringsBuilder.setPairingFailDescription(
+                FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION);
+        stringsBuilder.setTapToPairWithAccount(
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION);
+        stringsBuilder.setTapToPairWithoutAccount(
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT);
+        stringsBuilder.setInitialPairingDescription(INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        stringsBuilder.setRetroactivePairingDescription(RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        stringsBuilder.setSubsequentPairingDescription(SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        stringsBuilder.setWaitAppLaunchDescription(WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setFastPairStrings(stringsBuilder.build());
+
+        Cache.FastPairInformation.Builder fpInformationBuilder =
+                Cache.FastPairInformation.newBuilder();
+        Rpcs.TrueWirelessHeadsetImages.Builder imagesBuilder =
+                Rpcs.TrueWirelessHeadsetImages.newBuilder();
+        imagesBuilder.setCaseUrl(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE);
+        imagesBuilder.setLeftBudUrl(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD);
+        imagesBuilder.setRightBudUrl(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD);
+        fpInformationBuilder.setTrueWirelessImages(imagesBuilder.build());
+        fpInformationBuilder.setDeviceType(Rpcs.DeviceType.HEADPHONES);
+
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setFastPairInformation(fpInformationBuilder.build());
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setTxPower(TX_POWER);
+
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setIconPng(ByteString.copyFrom(ICON_PNG));
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setIconFifeUrl(ICON_FIFE_URL);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setActionUrl(ACTION_URL);
+
+        return storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairUploadInfo genHappyPathFastPairUploadInfo() {
+        return new FastPairUploadInfo(
+                genHappyPathStoredDiscoveryItem(),
+                ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY),
+                ByteString.copyFrom(SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/UtilsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/UtilsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35f87f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/provider/UtilsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,648 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.provider;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.accounts.Account;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel;
+import android.nearby.aidl.FastPairEligibleAccountParcel;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.fastpair.footprint.FastPairUploadInfo;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+import service.proto.Data;
+import service.proto.FastPairString.FastPairStrings;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+
+public class UtilsTest {
+
+    private static final String ASSISTANT_SETUP_HALFSHEET = "ASSISTANT_SETUP_HALFSHEET";
+    private static final String ASSISTANT_SETUP_NOTIFICATION = "ASSISTANT_SETUP_NOTIFICATION";
+    private static final int BLE_TX_POWER = 5;
+    private static final String CONFIRM_PIN_DESCRIPTION = "CONFIRM_PIN_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String CONFIRM_PIN_TITLE = "CONFIRM_PIN_TITLE";
+    private static final String CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED =
+            "CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED";
+    private static final String CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED =
+            "CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED";
+    private static final int DEVICE_TYPE = 1;
+    private static final String DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final Account ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_1 = new Account("abc@google.com", "type1");
+    private static final String FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION =
+            "FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String FAST_PAIR_TV_CONNECT_DEVICE_NO_ACCOUNT_DESCRIPTION =
+            "FAST_PAIR_TV_CONNECT_DEVICE_NO_ACCOUNT_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final byte[] IMAGE = new byte[]{7, 9};
+    private static final String IMAGE_URL = "IMAGE_URL";
+    private static final String INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION =
+            "INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT =
+            "INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT";
+    private static final String INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION = "INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String INTENT_URI = "INTENT_URI";
+    private static final String LOCALE = "LOCALE";
+    private static final String OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION = "OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION =
+            "RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION = "SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String SYNC_CONTACT_DESCRPTION = "SYNC_CONTACT_DESCRPTION";
+    private static final String SYNC_CONTACTS_TITLE = "SYNC_CONTACTS_TITLE";
+    private static final String SYNC_SMS_DESCRIPTION = "SYNC_SMS_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String SYNC_SMS_TITLE = "SYNC_SMS_TITLE";
+    private static final float TRIGGER_DISTANCE = 111;
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE = "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE";
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD =
+            "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD";
+    private static final String TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD =
+            "TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD";
+    private static final String UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION = "UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE = "UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE";
+    private static final String UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION =
+            "WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final byte[] ACCOUNT_KEY = new byte[]{3};
+    private static final byte[] SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS = new byte[]{2, 8};
+    private static final byte[] ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY = new byte[]{4, 5, 6};
+    private static final String ACTION_URL = "ACTION_URL";
+    private static final int ACTION_URL_TYPE = 1;
+    private static final String APP_NAME = "APP_NAME";
+    private static final int ATTACHMENT_TYPE = 1;
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICATION_PUBLIC_KEY_SEC_P256R1 = new byte[]{5, 7};
+    private static final byte[] BLE_RECORD_BYTES = new byte[]{2, 4};
+    private static final int DEBUG_CATEGORY = 1;
+    private static final String DEBUG_MESSAGE = "DEBUG_MESSAGE";
+    private static final String DESCRIPTION = "DESCRIPTION";
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "DEVICE_NAME";
+    private static final String DISPLAY_URL = "DISPLAY_URL";
+    private static final String ENTITY_ID = "ENTITY_ID";
+    private static final String FEATURE_GRAPHIC_URL = "FEATURE_GRAPHIC_URL";
+    private static final long FIRST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS = 8393L;
+    private static final String GROUP_ID = "GROUP_ID";
+    private static final String ICON_FIFE_URL = "ICON_FIFE_URL";
+    private static final byte[] ICON_PNG = new byte[]{2, 5};
+    private static final String ID = "ID";
+    private static final long LAST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS = 934234L;
+    private static final String MAC_ADDRESS = "MAC_ADDRESS";
+    private static final String NAME = "NAME";
+    private static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "PACKAGE_NAME";
+    private static final long PENDING_APP_INSTALL_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS = 832393L;
+    private static final int RSSI = 9;
+    private static final int STATE = 1;
+    private static final String TITLE = "TITLE";
+    private static final String TRIGGER_ID = "TRIGGER_ID";
+    private static final int TX_POWER = 63;
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHappyPathConvertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKey() {
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] array = {
+                genHappyPathFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadataParcel()};
+
+        List<Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey> deviceWithAccountKey =
+                Utils.convertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKey(array);
+        assertThat(deviceWithAccountKey.size()).isEqualTo(1);
+        assertThat(deviceWithAccountKey.get(0)).isEqualTo(
+                genHappyPathFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKeyWithNullArray() {
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] array = null;
+        assertThat(Utils.convertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKey(array).size()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKeyWithNullElement() {
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] array = {null};
+        assertThat(Utils.convertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKey(array).size()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKeyWithEmptyElementNoCrash() {
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] array = {
+                genEmptyFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadataParcel()};
+
+        List<Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey> deviceWithAccountKey =
+                Utils.convertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKey(array);
+        assertThat(deviceWithAccountKey.size()).isEqualTo(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKeyWithEmptyMetadataDiscoveryNoCrash() {
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] array = {
+                genFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadataParcelWithEmptyMetadataDiscoveryItem()};
+
+        List<Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey> deviceWithAccountKey =
+                Utils.convertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKey(array);
+        assertThat(deviceWithAccountKey.size()).isEqualTo(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKeyWithMixedArrayElements() {
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel[] array = {
+                null,
+                genHappyPathFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadataParcel(),
+                genEmptyFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadataParcel(),
+                genFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadataParcelWithEmptyMetadataDiscoveryItem()};
+
+        assertThat(Utils.convertToFastPairDevicesWithAccountKey(array).size()).isEqualTo(3);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHappyPathConvertToAccountList() {
+        FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] array = {genHappyPathFastPairEligibleAccountParcel()};
+
+        List<Account> accountList = Utils.convertToAccountList(array);
+        assertThat(accountList.size()).isEqualTo(1);
+        assertThat(accountList.get(0)).isEqualTo(ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToAccountListNullArray() {
+        FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] array = null;
+
+        List<Account> accountList = Utils.convertToAccountList(array);
+        assertThat(accountList.size()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToAccountListWithNullElement() {
+        FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] array = {null};
+
+        List<Account> accountList = Utils.convertToAccountList(array);
+        assertThat(accountList.size()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToAccountListWithEmptyElementNotCrash() {
+        FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] array =
+                {genEmptyFastPairEligibleAccountParcel()};
+
+        List<Account> accountList = Utils.convertToAccountList(array);
+        assertThat(accountList.size()).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToAccountListWithMixedArrayElements() {
+        FastPairEligibleAccountParcel[] array = {
+                genHappyPathFastPairEligibleAccountParcel(),
+                genEmptyFastPairEligibleAccountParcel(),
+                null,
+                genHappyPathFastPairEligibleAccountParcel()};
+
+        List<Account> accountList = Utils.convertToAccountList(array);
+        assertThat(accountList.size()).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHappyPathConvertToGetObservedDeviceResponse() {
+        Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse response =
+                Utils.convertToGetObservedDeviceResponse(
+                        genHappyPathFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel());
+        assertThat(response).isEqualTo(genHappyPathObservedDeviceResponse());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToGetObservedDeviceResponseWithNullInput() {
+        assertThat(Utils.convertToGetObservedDeviceResponse(null))
+                .isEqualTo(null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToGetObservedDeviceResponseWithEmptyInputNotCrash() {
+        Utils.convertToGetObservedDeviceResponse(
+                genEmptyFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToGetObservedDeviceResponseWithEmptyDeviceMetadataNotCrash() {
+        Utils.convertToGetObservedDeviceResponse(
+                genFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcelWithEmptyDeviceMetadata());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testHappyPathConvertToFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata() {
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadataParcel =
+                Utils.convertToFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(genHappyPathFastPairUploadInfo());
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(metadataParcel);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataWithNullInput() {
+        assertThat(Utils.convertToFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(null)).isEqualTo(null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConvertToFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataWithEmptyFieldsNotCrash() {
+        Utils.convertToFastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadata(
+                new FastPairUploadInfo(
+                        null /* discoveryItem */,
+                        null /* accountKey */,
+                        null /* sha256AccountKeyPublicAddress */));
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairUploadInfo genHappyPathFastPairUploadInfo() {
+        return new FastPairUploadInfo(
+                genHappyPathStoredDiscoveryItem(),
+                ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY),
+                ByteString.copyFrom(SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS));
+
+    }
+
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(
+            FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel metadataParcel) {
+        assertThat(metadataParcel).isNotNull();
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.deviceAccountKey).isEqualTo(ACCOUNT_KEY);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress)
+                .isEqualTo(SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS);
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(metadataParcel.metadata);
+        ensureHappyPathAsExpected(metadataParcel.discoveryItem);
+    }
+
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel metadataParcel) {
+        assertThat(metadataParcel).isNotNull();
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled).isEqualTo(
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled).isEqualTo(
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.deviceType).isEqualTo(DEVICE_TYPE);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription).isEqualTo(
+                FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.initialNotificationDescription).isEqualTo(
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount).isEqualTo(
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.initialPairingDescription).isEqualTo(INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.retroactivePairingDescription).isEqualTo(
+                RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.subsequentPairingDescription).isEqualTo(
+                SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlCase).isEqualTo(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud).isEqualTo(
+                TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud).isEqualTo(
+                TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD);
+        assertThat(metadataParcel.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription).isEqualTo(
+                WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        /* do we need upload this? */
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.locale).isEqualTo(LOCALE);
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.name).isEqualTo(NAME);
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.downloadCompanionAppDescription).isEqualTo(
+        //        DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.openCompanionAppDescription).isEqualTo(
+        //        OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.triggerDistance).isWithin(DELTA).of(TRIGGER_DISTANCE);
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.unableToConnectDescription).isEqualTo(
+        //        UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION);
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.unableToConnectTitle).isEqualTo(UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE);
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.updateCompanionAppDescription).isEqualTo(
+        //        UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.bleTxPower).isEqualTo(BLE_TX_POWER);
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.image).isEqualTo(IMAGE);
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.imageUrl).isEqualTo(IMAGE_URL);
+        // assertThat(metadataParcel.intentUri).isEqualTo(INTENT_URI);
+    }
+
+    private static void ensureHappyPathAsExpected(FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel itemParcel) {
+        assertThat(itemParcel.actionUrl).isEqualTo(ACTION_URL);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.actionUrlType).isEqualTo(ACTION_URL_TYPE);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.appName).isEqualTo(APP_NAME);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1)
+                .isEqualTo(AUTHENTICATION_PUBLIC_KEY_SEC_P256R1);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.description).isEqualTo(DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.deviceName).isEqualTo(DEVICE_NAME);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.displayUrl).isEqualTo(DISPLAY_URL);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.firstObservationTimestampMillis)
+                .isEqualTo(FIRST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.iconFifeUrl).isEqualTo(ICON_FIFE_URL);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.iconPng).isEqualTo(ICON_PNG);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.id).isEqualTo(ID);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.lastObservationTimestampMillis)
+                .isEqualTo(LAST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.macAddress).isEqualTo(MAC_ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.packageName).isEqualTo(PACKAGE_NAME);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis)
+                .isEqualTo(PENDING_APP_INSTALL_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.rssi).isEqualTo(RSSI);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.state).isEqualTo(STATE);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.title).isEqualTo(TITLE);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.triggerId).isEqualTo(TRIGGER_ID);
+        assertThat(itemParcel.txPower).isEqualTo(TX_POWER);
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairEligibleAccountParcel genHappyPathFastPairEligibleAccountParcel() {
+        FastPairEligibleAccountParcel parcel = new FastPairEligibleAccountParcel();
+        parcel.account = ELIGIBLE_ACCOUNT_1;
+        parcel.optIn = true;
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairEligibleAccountParcel genEmptyFastPairEligibleAccountParcel() {
+        return new FastPairEligibleAccountParcel();
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel genEmptyFastPairDeviceMetadataParcel() {
+        return new FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel genEmptyFastPairDiscoveryItemParcel() {
+        return new FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel();
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel
+            genEmptyFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadataParcel() {
+        return new FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel
+            genFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadataParcelWithEmptyMetadataDiscoveryItem() {
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel parcel =
+                new FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+        parcel.metadata = genEmptyFastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+        parcel.discoveryItem = genEmptyFastPairDiscoveryItemParcel();
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel
+            genHappyPathFastPairAccountkeyDeviceMetadataParcel() {
+        FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel parcel =
+                new FastPairAccountKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+        parcel.deviceAccountKey = ACCOUNT_KEY;
+        parcel.metadata = genHappyPathFastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+        parcel.sha256DeviceAccountKeyPublicAddress = SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS;
+        parcel.discoveryItem = genHappyPathFastPairDiscoveryItemParcel();
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel genHappyPathFastPairDeviceMetadataParcel() {
+        FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel parcel = new FastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+
+        parcel.bleTxPower = BLE_TX_POWER;
+        parcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled = CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED;
+        parcel.connectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled =
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED;
+        parcel.deviceType = DEVICE_TYPE;
+        parcel.downloadCompanionAppDescription = DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.failConnectGoToSettingsDescription = FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.image = IMAGE;
+        parcel.imageUrl = IMAGE_URL;
+        parcel.initialNotificationDescription = INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.initialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount =
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT;
+        parcel.initialPairingDescription = INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.intentUri = INTENT_URI;
+        parcel.name = NAME;
+        parcel.openCompanionAppDescription = OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.retroactivePairingDescription = RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.subsequentPairingDescription = SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.triggerDistance = TRIGGER_DISTANCE;
+        parcel.trueWirelessImageUrlCase = TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE;
+        parcel.trueWirelessImageUrlLeftBud = TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD;
+        parcel.trueWirelessImageUrlRightBud = TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD;
+        parcel.unableToConnectDescription = UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.unableToConnectTitle = UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE;
+        parcel.updateCompanionAppDescription = UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.waitLaunchCompanionAppDescription = WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION;
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    private static Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem genHappyPathStoredDiscoveryItem() {
+        Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.Builder storedDiscoveryItemBuilder =
+                Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.newBuilder();
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setActionUrl(ACTION_URL);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setActionUrlType(Cache.ResolvedUrlType.WEBPAGE);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setAppName(APP_NAME);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setAuthenticationPublicKeySecp256R1(
+                ByteString.copyFrom(AUTHENTICATION_PUBLIC_KEY_SEC_P256R1));
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setDescription(DESCRIPTION);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setDeviceName(DEVICE_NAME);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setDisplayUrl(DISPLAY_URL);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setFirstObservationTimestampMillis(
+                FIRST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setIconFifeUrl(ICON_FIFE_URL);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setIconPng(ByteString.copyFrom(ICON_PNG));
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setId(ID);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setLastObservationTimestampMillis(
+                LAST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setMacAddress(MAC_ADDRESS);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setPackageName(PACKAGE_NAME);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setPendingAppInstallTimestampMillis(
+                PENDING_APP_INSTALL_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setRssi(RSSI);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setState(Cache.StoredDiscoveryItem.State.STATE_ENABLED);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setTitle(TITLE);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setTriggerId(TRIGGER_ID);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setTxPower(TX_POWER);
+
+        FastPairStrings.Builder stringsBuilder = FastPairStrings.newBuilder();
+        stringsBuilder.setPairingFinishedCompanionAppInstalled(
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED);
+        stringsBuilder.setPairingFinishedCompanionAppNotInstalled(
+                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED);
+        stringsBuilder.setPairingFailDescription(
+                FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION);
+        stringsBuilder.setTapToPairWithAccount(
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION);
+        stringsBuilder.setTapToPairWithoutAccount(
+                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT);
+        stringsBuilder.setInitialPairingDescription(INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        stringsBuilder.setRetroactivePairingDescription(RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        stringsBuilder.setSubsequentPairingDescription(SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION);
+        stringsBuilder.setWaitAppLaunchDescription(WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setFastPairStrings(stringsBuilder.build());
+
+        Cache.FastPairInformation.Builder fpInformationBuilder =
+                Cache.FastPairInformation.newBuilder();
+        Rpcs.TrueWirelessHeadsetImages.Builder imagesBuilder =
+                Rpcs.TrueWirelessHeadsetImages.newBuilder();
+        imagesBuilder.setCaseUrl(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE);
+        imagesBuilder.setLeftBudUrl(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD);
+        imagesBuilder.setRightBudUrl(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD);
+        fpInformationBuilder.setTrueWirelessImages(imagesBuilder.build());
+        fpInformationBuilder.setDeviceType(Rpcs.DeviceType.HEADPHONES);
+
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setFastPairInformation(fpInformationBuilder.build());
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setTxPower(TX_POWER);
+
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setIconPng(ByteString.copyFrom(ICON_PNG));
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setIconFifeUrl(ICON_FIFE_URL);
+        storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.setActionUrl(ACTION_URL);
+
+        return storedDiscoveryItemBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    private static Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey genHappyPathFastPairDeviceWithAccountKey() {
+        Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey.Builder fpDeviceBuilder =
+                Data.FastPairDeviceWithAccountKey.newBuilder();
+        fpDeviceBuilder.setAccountKey(ByteString.copyFrom(ACCOUNT_KEY));
+        fpDeviceBuilder.setSha256AccountKeyPublicAddress(
+                ByteString.copyFrom(SHA256_ACCOUNT_KEY_PUBLIC_ADDRESS));
+        fpDeviceBuilder.setDiscoveryItem(genHappyPathStoredDiscoveryItem());
+
+        return fpDeviceBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel genHappyPathFastPairDiscoveryItemParcel() {
+        FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel parcel = new FastPairDiscoveryItemParcel();
+        parcel.actionUrl = ACTION_URL;
+        parcel.actionUrlType = ACTION_URL_TYPE;
+        parcel.appName = APP_NAME;
+        parcel.authenticationPublicKeySecp256r1 = AUTHENTICATION_PUBLIC_KEY_SEC_P256R1;
+        parcel.description = DESCRIPTION;
+        parcel.deviceName = DEVICE_NAME;
+        parcel.displayUrl = DISPLAY_URL;
+        parcel.firstObservationTimestampMillis = FIRST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS;
+        parcel.iconFifeUrl = ICON_FIFE_URL;
+        parcel.iconPng = ICON_PNG;
+        parcel.id = ID;
+        parcel.lastObservationTimestampMillis = LAST_OBSERVATION_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS;
+        parcel.macAddress = MAC_ADDRESS;
+        parcel.packageName = PACKAGE_NAME;
+        parcel.pendingAppInstallTimestampMillis = PENDING_APP_INSTALL_TIMESTAMP_MILLIS;
+        parcel.rssi = RSSI;
+        parcel.state = STATE;
+        parcel.title = TITLE;
+        parcel.triggerId = TRIGGER_ID;
+        parcel.txPower = TX_POWER;
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    private static Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse genHappyPathObservedDeviceResponse() {
+        Rpcs.Device.Builder deviceBuilder = Rpcs.Device.newBuilder();
+        deviceBuilder.setAntiSpoofingKeyPair(Rpcs.AntiSpoofingKeyPair.newBuilder()
+                .setPublicKey(ByteString.copyFrom(ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY))
+                .build());
+        Rpcs.TrueWirelessHeadsetImages.Builder imagesBuilder =
+                Rpcs.TrueWirelessHeadsetImages.newBuilder();
+        imagesBuilder.setLeftBudUrl(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_LEFT_BUD);
+        imagesBuilder.setRightBudUrl(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_RIGHT_BUD);
+        imagesBuilder.setCaseUrl(TRUE_WIRELESS_IMAGE_URL_CASE);
+        deviceBuilder.setTrueWirelessImages(imagesBuilder.build());
+        deviceBuilder.setImageUrl(IMAGE_URL);
+        deviceBuilder.setIntentUri(INTENT_URI);
+        deviceBuilder.setName(NAME);
+        deviceBuilder.setBleTxPower(BLE_TX_POWER);
+        deviceBuilder.setTriggerDistance(TRIGGER_DISTANCE);
+        deviceBuilder.setDeviceType(Rpcs.DeviceType.HEADPHONES);
+
+        return Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse.newBuilder()
+                .setDevice(deviceBuilder.build())
+                .setImage(ByteString.copyFrom(IMAGE))
+                .setStrings(Rpcs.ObservedDeviceStrings.newBuilder()
+                        .setConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled(
+                                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_INSTALLED)
+                        .setConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled(
+                                CONNECT_SUCCESS_COMPANION_APP_NOT_INSTALLED)
+                        .setDownloadCompanionAppDescription(
+                                DOWNLOAD_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION)
+                        .setFailConnectGoToSettingsDescription(
+                                FAIL_CONNECT_GOTO_SETTINGS_DESCRIPTION)
+                        .setInitialNotificationDescription(
+                                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION)
+                        .setInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount(
+                                INITIAL_NOTIFICATION_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT)
+                        .setInitialPairingDescription(
+                                INITIAL_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION)
+                        .setOpenCompanionAppDescription(
+                                OPEN_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION)
+                        .setRetroactivePairingDescription(
+                                RETRO_ACTIVE_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION)
+                        .setSubsequentPairingDescription(
+                                SUBSEQUENT_PAIRING_DESCRIPTION)
+                        .setUnableToConnectDescription(
+                                UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION)
+                        .setUnableToConnectTitle(
+                                UNABLE_TO_CONNECT_TITLE)
+                        .setUpdateCompanionAppDescription(
+                                UPDATE_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION)
+                        .setWaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription(
+                                WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION)
+                        .build())
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel
+            genHappyPathFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel() {
+        FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel parcel =
+                new FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+        parcel.antispoofPublicKey = ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY;
+        parcel.deviceMetadata = genHappyPathFastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel
+            genFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcelWithEmptyDeviceMetadata() {
+        FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel parcel =
+                new FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+        parcel.antispoofPublicKey = ANTI_SPOOFING_KEY;
+        parcel.deviceMetadata = genEmptyFastPairDeviceMetadataParcel();
+
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    private static FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel
+            genEmptyFastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel() {
+        return new FastPairAntispoofKeyDeviceMetadataParcel();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtilsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtilsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fe28df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/ArrayUtilsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SdkSuppress;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public final class ArrayUtilsTest {
+
+    private static final byte[] BYTES_ONE = new byte[] {7, 9};
+    private static final byte[] BYTES_TWO = new byte[] {8};
+    private static final byte[] BYTES_EMPTY = new byte[] {};
+    private static final byte[] BYTES_ALL = new byte[] {7, 9, 8};
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConcatByteArraysNoInput() {
+        assertThat(ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays().length).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConcatByteArraysOneEmptyArray() {
+        assertThat(ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(BYTES_EMPTY).length).isEqualTo(0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConcatByteArraysOneNonEmptyArray() {
+        assertThat(ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(BYTES_ONE)).isEqualTo(BYTES_ONE);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConcatByteArraysMultipleNonEmptyArrays() {
+        assertThat(ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(BYTES_ONE, BYTES_TWO)).isEqualTo(BYTES_ALL);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @SdkSuppress(minSdkVersion = 32, codeName = "T")
+    public void testConcatByteArraysMultipleArrays() {
+        assertThat(ArrayUtils.concatByteArrays(BYTES_ONE, BYTES_EMPTY, BYTES_TWO))
+                .isEqualTo(BYTES_ALL);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/BroadcastPermissionsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/BroadcastPermissionsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71ade2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/BroadcastPermissionsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util;
+
+import static android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions.BroadcastPermissions.PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions.BroadcastPermissions.PERMISSION_NONE;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.identity.CallerIdentity;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions.BroadcastPermissions;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link BroadcastPermissions}
+ */
+public final class BroadcastPermissionsTest {
+
+    private static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "android.nearby.test";
+    private static final int UID = 1234;
+    private static final int PID = 5678;
+    private CallerIdentity mCallerIdentity;
+
+    @Mock private Context mMockContext;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        initMocks(this);
+        mCallerIdentity = CallerIdentity
+                .forTest(UID, PID, PACKAGE_NAME, /* attributionTag= */ null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_checkCallerBroadcastPermission_granted() {
+        when(mMockContext.checkPermission(BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE, PID, UID))
+                .thenReturn(PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+
+        assertThat(BroadcastPermissions
+                .checkCallerBroadcastPermission(mMockContext, mCallerIdentity))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_checkCallerBroadcastPermission_deniedPermission() {
+        when(mMockContext.checkPermission(BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE, PID, UID))
+                .thenReturn(PERMISSION_DENIED);
+
+        assertThat(BroadcastPermissions
+                .checkCallerBroadcastPermission(mMockContext, mCallerIdentity))
+                .isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getPermissionLevel_none() {
+        when(mMockContext.checkPermission(BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE, PID, UID))
+                .thenReturn(PERMISSION_DENIED);
+
+        assertThat(BroadcastPermissions.getPermissionLevel(mMockContext, UID, PID))
+                .isEqualTo(PERMISSION_NONE);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getPermissionLevel_advertising() {
+        when(mMockContext.checkPermission(BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE, PID, UID))
+                .thenReturn(PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+
+        assertThat(BroadcastPermissions.getPermissionLevel(mMockContext, UID, PID))
+                .isEqualTo(PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_enforceBroadcastPermission() {
+        BroadcastPermissions.enforceBroadcastPermission(mMockContext, mCallerIdentity);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/DataUtilsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/DataUtilsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a742b3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/DataUtilsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import service.proto.Cache;
+import service.proto.FastPairString.FastPairStrings;
+import service.proto.Rpcs;
+import service.proto.Rpcs.GetObservedDeviceResponse;
+
+public final class DataUtilsTest {
+    private static final String BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS = "00:11:22:33:FF:EE";
+    private static final String APP_PACKAGE = "test_package";
+    private static final String APP_ACTION_URL =
+            "intent:#Intent;action=cto_be_set%3AACTION_MAGIC_PAIR;"
+                    + "package=to_be_set;"
+                    + "component=to_be_set;"
+                    + "to_be_set%3AEXTRA_COMPANION_APP="
+                    + APP_PACKAGE
+                    + ";end";
+    private static final long DEVICE_ID = 12;
+    private static final String DEVICE_NAME = "My device";
+    private static final byte[] DEVICE_PUBLIC_KEY = base16().decode("0123456789ABCDEF");
+    private static final String DEVICE_COMPANY = "Company name";
+    private static final byte[] DEVICE_IMAGE = new byte[] {0x00, 0x01, 0x10, 0x11};
+    private static final String DEVICE_IMAGE_URL = "device_image_url";
+    private static final String AUTHORITY = "com.android.test";
+    private static final String SIGNATURE_HASH = "as8dfbyu2duas7ikanvklpaclo2";
+    private static final String ACCOUNT = "test@gmail.com";
+
+    private static final String MESSAGE_INIT_NOTIFY_DESCRIPTION = "message 1";
+    private static final String MESSAGE_INIT_NOTIFY_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT = "message 2";
+    private static final String MESSAGE_INIT_PAIR_DESCRIPTION = "message 3 %s";
+    private static final String MESSAGE_COMPANION_INSTALLED = "message 4";
+    private static final String MESSAGE_COMPANION_NOT_INSTALLED = "message 5";
+    private static final String MESSAGE_SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_DESCRIPTION = "message 6";
+    private static final String MESSAGE_RETROACTIVE_PAIR_DESCRIPTION = "message 7";
+    private static final String MESSAGE_WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION = "message 8";
+    private static final String MESSAGE_FAIL_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION = "message 9";
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_toScanFastPairStoreItem_withAccount() {
+        Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem item = DataUtils.toScanFastPairStoreItem(
+                createObservedDeviceResponse(), BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS, ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(item.getAddress()).isEqualTo(BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS);
+        assertThat(item.getActionUrl()).isEqualTo(APP_ACTION_URL);
+        assertThat(item.getDeviceName()).isEqualTo(DEVICE_NAME);
+        assertThat(item.getIconPng()).isEqualTo(ByteString.copyFrom(DEVICE_IMAGE));
+        assertThat(item.getIconFifeUrl()).isEqualTo(DEVICE_IMAGE_URL);
+        assertThat(item.getAntiSpoofingPublicKey())
+                .isEqualTo(ByteString.copyFrom(DEVICE_PUBLIC_KEY));
+
+        FastPairStrings strings = item.getFastPairStrings();
+        assertThat(strings.getTapToPairWithAccount()).isEqualTo(MESSAGE_INIT_NOTIFY_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(strings.getTapToPairWithoutAccount())
+                .isEqualTo(MESSAGE_INIT_NOTIFY_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT);
+        assertThat(strings.getInitialPairingDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(String.format(MESSAGE_INIT_PAIR_DESCRIPTION, DEVICE_NAME));
+        assertThat(strings.getPairingFinishedCompanionAppInstalled())
+                .isEqualTo(MESSAGE_COMPANION_INSTALLED);
+        assertThat(strings.getPairingFinishedCompanionAppNotInstalled())
+                .isEqualTo(MESSAGE_COMPANION_NOT_INSTALLED);
+        assertThat(strings.getSubsequentPairingDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(MESSAGE_SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(strings.getRetroactivePairingDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(MESSAGE_RETROACTIVE_PAIR_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(strings.getWaitAppLaunchDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(MESSAGE_WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION);
+        assertThat(strings.getPairingFailDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(MESSAGE_FAIL_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_toScanFastPairStoreItem_withoutAccount() {
+        Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem item = DataUtils.toScanFastPairStoreItem(
+                createObservedDeviceResponse(), BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS, /* account= */ null);
+        FastPairStrings strings = item.getFastPairStrings();
+        assertThat(strings.getInitialPairingDescription())
+                .isEqualTo(MESSAGE_INIT_NOTIFY_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_toString() {
+        Cache.ScanFastPairStoreItem item = DataUtils.toScanFastPairStoreItem(
+                createObservedDeviceResponse(), BLUETOOTH_ADDRESS, ACCOUNT);
+
+        assertThat(DataUtils.toString(item))
+                .isEqualTo("ScanFastPairStoreItem=[address:00:11:22:33:FF:EE, "
+                        + "actionUrl:intent:#Intent;action=cto_be_set%3AACTION_MAGIC_PAIR;"
+                        + "package=to_be_set;component=to_be_set;"
+                        + "to_be_set%3AEXTRA_COMPANION_APP=test_package;"
+                        + "end, deviceName:My device, "
+                        + "iconFifeUrl:device_image_url, "
+                        + "fastPairStrings:FastPairStrings[tapToPairWithAccount=message 1, "
+                        + "tapToPairWithoutAccount=message 2, "
+                        + "initialPairingDescription=message 3 My device, "
+                        + "pairingFinishedCompanionAppInstalled=message 4, "
+                        + "pairingFinishedCompanionAppNotInstalled=message 5, "
+                        + "subsequentPairingDescription=message 6, "
+                        + "retroactivePairingDescription=message 7, "
+                        + "waitAppLaunchDescription=message 8, "
+                        + "pairingFailDescription=message 9]]");
+
+        FastPairStrings strings = item.getFastPairStrings();
+
+        assertThat(DataUtils.toString(strings))
+                .isEqualTo("FastPairStrings[tapToPairWithAccount=message 1, "
+                        + "tapToPairWithoutAccount=message 2, "
+                        + "initialPairingDescription=message 3 " + DEVICE_NAME + ", "
+                        + "pairingFinishedCompanionAppInstalled=message 4, "
+                        + "pairingFinishedCompanionAppNotInstalled=message 5, "
+                        + "subsequentPairingDescription=message 6, "
+                        + "retroactivePairingDescription=message 7, "
+                        + "waitAppLaunchDescription=message 8, "
+                        + "pairingFailDescription=message 9]");
+    }
+
+    private static GetObservedDeviceResponse createObservedDeviceResponse() {
+        return GetObservedDeviceResponse.newBuilder()
+                .setDevice(
+                        Rpcs.Device.newBuilder()
+                                .setId(DEVICE_ID)
+                                .setName(DEVICE_NAME)
+                                .setAntiSpoofingKeyPair(
+                                        Rpcs.AntiSpoofingKeyPair
+                                                .newBuilder()
+                                                .setPublicKey(
+                                                        ByteString.copyFrom(DEVICE_PUBLIC_KEY)))
+                                .setIntentUri(APP_ACTION_URL)
+                                .setDataOnlyConnection(true)
+                                .setAssistantSupported(false)
+                                .setCompanionDetail(
+                                        Rpcs.CompanionAppDetails.newBuilder()
+                                                .setAuthority(AUTHORITY)
+                                                .setCertificateHash(SIGNATURE_HASH)
+                                                .build())
+                                .setCompanyName(DEVICE_COMPANY)
+                                .setImageUrl(DEVICE_IMAGE_URL))
+                .setImage(ByteString.copyFrom(DEVICE_IMAGE))
+                .setStrings(
+                        Rpcs.ObservedDeviceStrings.newBuilder()
+                                .setInitialNotificationDescription(MESSAGE_INIT_NOTIFY_DESCRIPTION)
+                                .setInitialNotificationDescriptionNoAccount(
+                                        MESSAGE_INIT_NOTIFY_DESCRIPTION_NO_ACCOUNT)
+                                .setInitialPairingDescription(MESSAGE_INIT_PAIR_DESCRIPTION)
+                                .setConnectSuccessCompanionAppInstalled(MESSAGE_COMPANION_INSTALLED)
+                                .setConnectSuccessCompanionAppNotInstalled(
+                                        MESSAGE_COMPANION_NOT_INSTALLED)
+                                .setSubsequentPairingDescription(
+                                        MESSAGE_SUBSEQUENT_PAIR_DESCRIPTION)
+                                .setRetroactivePairingDescription(
+                                        MESSAGE_RETROACTIVE_PAIR_DESCRIPTION)
+                                .setWaitLaunchCompanionAppDescription(
+                                        MESSAGE_WAIT_LAUNCH_COMPANION_APP_DESCRIPTION)
+                                .setFailConnectGoToSettingsDescription(
+                                        MESSAGE_FAIL_CONNECT_DESCRIPTION))
+                .build();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/DiscoveryPermissionsTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/DiscoveryPermissionsTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d953a60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/DiscoveryPermissionsTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util;
+
+import static android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+
+import static com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions.DiscoveryPermissions.PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_SCAN;
+import static com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions.DiscoveryPermissions.PERMISSION_NONE;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+import static org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.initMocks;
+
+import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.identity.CallerIdentity;
+import com.android.server.nearby.util.permissions.DiscoveryPermissions;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link DiscoveryPermissions}
+ */
+public final class DiscoveryPermissionsTest {
+
+    private static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "android.nearby.test";
+    private static final int UID = 1234;
+    private static final int PID = 5678;
+    private CallerIdentity mCallerIdentity;
+
+    @Mock
+    private Context mMockContext;
+    @Mock private AppOpsManager mMockAppOps;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        initMocks(this);
+        mCallerIdentity = CallerIdentity
+                .forTest(UID, PID, PACKAGE_NAME, /* attributionTag= */ null);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_enforceCallerDiscoveryPermission_exception() {
+        when(mMockContext.checkPermission(BLUETOOTH_SCAN, PID, UID)).thenReturn(PERMISSION_DENIED);
+
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class,
+                () -> DiscoveryPermissions
+                        .enforceDiscoveryPermission(mMockContext, mCallerIdentity));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_checkCallerDiscoveryPermission_granted() {
+        when(mMockContext.checkPermission(BLUETOOTH_SCAN, PID, UID)).thenReturn(PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+
+        assertThat(DiscoveryPermissions
+                .checkCallerDiscoveryPermission(mMockContext, mCallerIdentity))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_checkCallerDiscoveryPermission_denied() {
+        when(mMockContext.checkPermission(BLUETOOTH_SCAN, PID, UID)).thenReturn(PERMISSION_DENIED);
+
+        assertThat(DiscoveryPermissions
+                .checkCallerDiscoveryPermission(mMockContext, mCallerIdentity))
+                .isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_checkNoteOpPermission_granted() {
+        when(mMockAppOps.noteOp(DiscoveryPermissions.OPSTR_BLUETOOTH_SCAN, UID, PACKAGE_NAME,
+                null, null)).thenReturn(AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED);
+
+        assertThat(DiscoveryPermissions
+                .noteDiscoveryResultDelivery(mMockAppOps, mCallerIdentity))
+                .isTrue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_checkNoteOpPermission_denied() {
+        when(mMockAppOps.noteOp(DiscoveryPermissions.OPSTR_BLUETOOTH_SCAN, UID, PACKAGE_NAME,
+                null, null)).thenReturn(AppOpsManager.MODE_ERRORED);
+
+        assertThat(DiscoveryPermissions
+                .noteDiscoveryResultDelivery(mMockAppOps, mCallerIdentity))
+                .isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getPermissionLevel_none() {
+        when(mMockContext.checkPermission(BLUETOOTH_SCAN, PID, UID)).thenReturn(PERMISSION_DENIED);
+
+        assertThat(DiscoveryPermissions
+                .getPermissionLevel(mMockContext, UID, PID))
+                .isEqualTo(PERMISSION_NONE);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_getPermissionLevel_scan() {
+        when(mMockContext.checkPermission(BLUETOOTH_SCAN, PID, UID))
+                .thenReturn(PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+
+        assertThat(DiscoveryPermissions
+                .getPermissionLevel(mMockContext, UID, PID)).isEqualTo(PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH_SCAN);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/EnvironmentTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/EnvironmentTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e167cf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/EnvironmentTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class EnvironmentTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void getNearbyDirectory() {
+        Environment.getNearbyDirectory();
+        Environment.getNearbyDirectory(1);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1Test.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1Test.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0294fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpIdentityV1Test.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+public class CryptorImpIdentityV1Test {
+    private static final String TAG = "CryptorImpIdentityV1Test";
+    private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[] {102, 22};
+    private static final byte[] DATA =
+            new byte[] {107, -102, 101, 107, 20, 62, 2, 73, 113, 59, 8, -14, -58, 122};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY =
+            new byte[] {-89, 88, -50, -42, -99, 57, 84, -24, 121, 1, -104, -8, -26, -73, -36, 100};
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_encrypt_decrypt() {
+        Cryptor identityCryptor = CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance();
+        byte[] encryptedData = identityCryptor.encrypt(DATA, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+
+        assertThat(identityCryptor.decrypt(encryptedData, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY)).isEqualTo(DATA);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_encryption() {
+        Cryptor identityCryptor = CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance();
+        byte[] encryptedData = identityCryptor.encrypt(DATA, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+
+        // for debugging
+        Log.d(TAG, "encrypted data is: " + Arrays.toString(encryptedData));
+
+        assertThat(encryptedData).isEqualTo(getEncryptedData());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_decryption() {
+        Cryptor identityCryptor = CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance();
+        byte[] decryptedData =
+                identityCryptor.decrypt(getEncryptedData(), SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+        // for debugging
+        Log.d(TAG, "decrypted data is: " + Arrays.toString(decryptedData));
+
+        assertThat(decryptedData).isEqualTo(DATA);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void generateHmacTag() {
+        CryptorImpIdentityV1 identityCryptor = CryptorImpIdentityV1.getInstance();
+        byte[] generatedTag = identityCryptor.sign(DATA);
+        byte[] expectedTag = new byte[]{50, 116, 95, -87, 63, 123, -79, -43};
+        assertThat(generatedTag).isEqualTo(expectedTag);
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] getEncryptedData() {
+        return new byte[]{6, -31, -32, -123, 43, -92, -47, -110, -65, 126, -15, -51, -19, -43};
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1Test.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1Test.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ca2575
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorImpV1Test.java
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link CryptorImpV1}
+ */
+public final class CryptorImpV1Test {
+    private static final String TAG = "CryptorImpV1Test";
+    private static final byte[] SALT = new byte[] {102, 22};
+    private static final byte[] DATA =
+            new byte[] {107, -102, 101, 107, 20, 62, 2, 73, 113, 59, 8, -14, -58, 122};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY =
+            new byte[] {-89, 88, -50, -42, -99, 57, 84, -24, 121, 1, -104, -8, -26, -73, -36, 100};
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_encryption() {
+        Cryptor v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
+        byte[] encryptedData = v1Cryptor.encrypt(DATA, SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+
+        // for debugging
+        Log.d(TAG, "encrypted data is: " + Arrays.toString(encryptedData));
+
+        assertThat(encryptedData).isEqualTo(getEncryptedData());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_encryption_invalidInput() {
+        Cryptor v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
+        assertThat(v1Cryptor.encrypt(DATA, SALT, new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 6})).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_decryption() {
+        Cryptor v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
+        byte[] decryptedData =
+                v1Cryptor.decrypt(getEncryptedData(), SALT, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+        // for debugging
+        Log.d(TAG, "decrypted data is: " + Arrays.toString(decryptedData));
+
+        assertThat(decryptedData).isEqualTo(DATA);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_decryption_invalidInput() {
+        Cryptor v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
+        assertThat(v1Cryptor.decrypt(getEncryptedData(), SALT, new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 6})).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void generateSign() {
+        CryptorImpV1 v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
+        byte[] generatedTag = v1Cryptor.sign(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+        byte[] expectedTag = new byte[]{
+                100, 88, -104, 80, -66, 107, -38, 95, 34, 40, -56, -23, -90, 90, -87, 12};
+        assertThat(generatedTag).isEqualTo(expectedTag);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_verify() {
+        CryptorImpV1 v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
+        byte[] expectedTag = new byte[]{
+                100, 88, -104, 80, -66, 107, -38, 95, 34, 40, -56, -23, -90, 90, -87, 12};
+
+        assertThat(v1Cryptor.verify(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, expectedTag)).isTrue();
+        assertThat(v1Cryptor.verify(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, DATA)).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_generateHmacTag_sameResult() {
+        CryptorImpV1 v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
+        byte[] res1 = v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY);
+        assertThat(res1)
+                .isEqualTo(v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_generateHmacTag_nullData() {
+        CryptorImpV1 v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
+        assertThat(v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(/* data= */ null, AUTHENTICITY_KEY)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_generateHmacTag_nullKey() {
+        CryptorImpV1 v1Cryptor = CryptorImpV1.getInstance();
+        assertThat(v1Cryptor.generateHmacTag(DATA, /* authenticityKey= */ null)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] getEncryptedData() {
+        return new byte[]{-92, 94, -99, -97, 81, -48, -7, 119, -64, -22, 45, -49, -50, 92};
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca612e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/encryption/CryptorTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.encryption;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link Cryptor}
+ */
+public final class CryptorTest {
+
+    private static final byte[] DATA =
+            new byte[] {107, -102, 101, 107, 20, 62, 2, 73, 113, 59, 8, -14, -58, 122};
+    private static final byte[] AUTHENTICITY_KEY =
+            new byte[] {-89, 88, -50, -42, -99, 57, 84, -24, 121, 1, -104, -8, -26, -73, -36, 100};
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_computeHkdf() {
+        int outputSize = 16;
+        byte[] res1 = Cryptor.computeHkdf(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, outputSize);
+        byte[] res2 = Cryptor.computeHkdf(DATA,
+                new byte[] {-89, 88, -50, -42, -99, 57, 84, -24, 121, 1, -104, -8, -26},
+                outputSize);
+
+        assertThat(res1).hasLength(outputSize);
+        assertThat(res2).hasLength(outputSize);
+        assertThat(res1).isNotEqualTo(res2);
+        assertThat(res1)
+                .isEqualTo(CryptorImpV1.computeHkdf(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, outputSize));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_computeHkdf_invalidInput() {
+        assertThat(Cryptor.computeHkdf(DATA, AUTHENTICITY_KEY, /* size= */ 256000))
+                .isNull();
+        assertThat(Cryptor.computeHkdf(DATA, new byte[0], /* size= */ 255))
+                .isNull();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/identity/CallerIdentityTest.java b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/identity/CallerIdentityTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c29cb92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nearby/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/nearby/util/identity/CallerIdentityTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.nearby.util.identity;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class CallerIdentityTest {
+    private static final int UID = 100;
+    private static final int PID = 10002;
+    private static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "package_name";
+    private static final String ATTRIBUTION_TAG = "attribution_tag";
+
+    @Test
+    public void testToString() {
+        CallerIdentity callerIdentity =
+                CallerIdentity.forTest(UID, PID, PACKAGE_NAME, ATTRIBUTION_TAG);
+        assertThat(callerIdentity.toString()).isEqualTo("100/package_name[attribution_tag]");
+        assertThat(callerIdentity.isSystemServer()).isFalse();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testHashCode() {
+        CallerIdentity callerIdentity =
+                CallerIdentity.forTest(UID, PID, PACKAGE_NAME, ATTRIBUTION_TAG);
+        CallerIdentity callerIdentity1 =
+                CallerIdentity.forTest(UID, PID, PACKAGE_NAME, ATTRIBUTION_TAG);
+        assertThat(callerIdentity.hashCode()).isEqualTo(callerIdentity1.hashCode());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/netd/Android.bp b/netd/Android.bp
index 5ac02d3..c731b8b 100644
--- a/netd/Android.bp
+++ b/netd/Android.bp
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "netd_updatable_unit_test",
     defaults: ["netd_defaults"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "mts-tethering"],
+    test_config_template: ":net_native_test_config_template",
     require_root: true,  // required by setrlimitForTest()
     header_libs: [
         "bpf_connectivity_headers",
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@
         "liblog",
         "libnetdutils",
     ],
+    compile_multilib: "both",
     multilib: {
         lib32: {
             suffix: "32",
diff --git a/netd/BpfHandler.cpp b/netd/BpfHandler.cpp
index f3dfb57..3f7ed2a 100644
--- a/netd/BpfHandler.cpp
+++ b/netd/BpfHandler.cpp
@@ -64,6 +64,16 @@
     return netdutils::status::ok;
 }
 
+static Status checkProgramAccessible(const char* programPath) {
+    unique_fd prog(retrieveProgram(programPath));
+    if (prog == -1) {
+        int ret = errno;
+        ALOGE("Failed to get program from %s: %s", programPath, strerror(ret));
+        return statusFromErrno(ret, "program retrieve failed");
+    }
+    return netdutils::status::ok;
+}
+
 static Status initPrograms(const char* cg2_path) {
     unique_fd cg_fd(open(cg2_path, O_DIRECTORY | O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
     if (cg_fd == -1) {
@@ -71,18 +81,13 @@
         ALOGE("Failed to open the cgroup directory: %s", strerror(ret));
         return statusFromErrno(ret, "Open the cgroup directory failed");
     }
+    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(checkProgramAccessible(XT_BPF_ALLOWLIST_PROG_PATH));
+    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(checkProgramAccessible(XT_BPF_DENYLIST_PROG_PATH));
+    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(checkProgramAccessible(XT_BPF_EGRESS_PROG_PATH));
+    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(checkProgramAccessible(XT_BPF_INGRESS_PROG_PATH));
     RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(attachProgramToCgroup(BPF_EGRESS_PROG_PATH, cg_fd, BPF_CGROUP_INET_EGRESS));
     RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(attachProgramToCgroup(BPF_INGRESS_PROG_PATH, cg_fd, BPF_CGROUP_INET_INGRESS));
-
-    // For the devices that support cgroup socket filter, the socket filter
-    // should be loaded successfully by bpfloader. So we attach the filter to
-    // cgroup if the program is pinned properly.
-    // TODO: delete the if statement once all devices should support cgroup
-    // socket filter (ie. the minimum kernel version required is 4.14).
-    if (!access(CGROUP_SOCKET_PROG_PATH, F_OK)) {
-        RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(
-                attachProgramToCgroup(CGROUP_SOCKET_PROG_PATH, cg_fd, BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE));
-    }
+    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(attachProgramToCgroup(CGROUP_SOCKET_PROG_PATH, cg_fd, BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE));
     return netdutils::status::ok;
 }
 
@@ -105,14 +110,13 @@
 }
 
 Status BpfHandler::initMaps() {
-    std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
-    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mCookieTagMap.init(COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH));
     RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mStatsMapA.init(STATS_MAP_A_PATH));
     RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mStatsMapB.init(STATS_MAP_B_PATH));
     RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mConfigurationMap.init(CONFIGURATION_MAP_PATH));
-    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mConfigurationMap.writeValue(CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY, SELECT_MAP_A,
-                                                  BPF_ANY));
     RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mUidPermissionMap.init(UID_PERMISSION_MAP_PATH));
+    // initialized last so mCookieTagMap.isValid() implies everything else is valid too
+    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mCookieTagMap.init(COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH));
+    ALOGI("%s successfully", __func__);
 
     return netdutils::status::ok;
 }
@@ -129,19 +133,16 @@
 }
 
 int BpfHandler::tagSocket(int sockFd, uint32_t tag, uid_t chargeUid, uid_t realUid) {
-    std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
-    if (chargeUid != realUid && !hasUpdateDeviceStatsPermission(realUid)) {
-        return -EPERM;
-    }
+    if (!mCookieTagMap.isValid()) return -EPERM;
+
+    if (chargeUid != realUid && !hasUpdateDeviceStatsPermission(realUid)) return -EPERM;
 
     // Note that tagging the socket to AID_CLAT is only implemented in JNI ClatCoordinator.
     // The process is not allowed to tag socket to AID_CLAT via tagSocket() which would cause
     // process data usage accounting to be bypassed. Tagging AID_CLAT is used for avoiding counting
     // CLAT traffic data usage twice. See packages/modules/Connectivity/service/jni/
     // com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator.cpp
-    if (chargeUid == AID_CLAT) {
-        return -EPERM;
-    }
+    if (chargeUid == AID_CLAT) return -EPERM;
 
     // The socket destroy listener only monitors on the group {INET_TCP, INET_UDP, INET6_TCP,
     // INET6_UDP}. Tagging listener unsupported socket causes that the tag can't be removed from
@@ -176,15 +177,16 @@
 
     uint64_t sock_cookie = getSocketCookie(sockFd);
     if (sock_cookie == NONEXISTENT_COOKIE) return -errno;
+
     UidTagValue newKey = {.uid = (uint32_t)chargeUid, .tag = tag};
 
     uint32_t totalEntryCount = 0;
     uint32_t perUidEntryCount = 0;
     // Now we go through the stats map and count how many entries are associated
     // with chargeUid. If the uid entry hit the limit for each chargeUid, we block
-    // the request to prevent the map from overflow. It is safe here to iterate
-    // over the map since when mMutex is hold, system server cannot toggle
-    // the live stats map and clean it. So nobody can delete entries from the map.
+    // the request to prevent the map from overflow. Note though that it isn't really
+    // safe here to iterate over the map since it might be modified by the system server,
+    // which might toggle the live stats map and clean it.
     const auto countUidStatsEntries = [chargeUid, &totalEntryCount, &perUidEntryCount](
                                               const StatsKey& key,
                                               const BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue>&) {
@@ -207,6 +209,7 @@
 
     BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue>& currentMap =
             (configuration.value() == SELECT_MAP_A) ? mStatsMapA : mStatsMapB;
+    // HACK: mStatsMapB becomes RW BpfMap here, but countUidStatsEntries doesn't modify so it works
     base::Result<void> res = currentMap.iterate(countUidStatsEntries);
     if (!res.ok()) {
         ALOGE("Failed to count the stats entry in map %d: %s", currentMap.getMap().get(),
@@ -223,9 +226,9 @@
     }
     // Update the tag information of a socket to the cookieUidMap. Use BPF_ANY
     // flag so it will insert a new entry to the map if that value doesn't exist
-    // yet. And update the tag if there is already a tag stored. Since the eBPF
+    // yet and update the tag if there is already a tag stored. Since the eBPF
     // program in kernel only read this map, and is protected by rcu read lock. It
-    // should be fine to cocurrently update the map while eBPF program is running.
+    // should be fine to concurrently update the map while eBPF program is running.
     res = mCookieTagMap.writeValue(sock_cookie, newKey, BPF_ANY);
     if (!res.ok()) {
         ALOGE("Failed to tag the socket: %s, fd: %d", strerror(res.error().code()),
@@ -236,13 +239,13 @@
 }
 
 int BpfHandler::untagSocket(int sockFd) {
-    std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
     uint64_t sock_cookie = getSocketCookie(sockFd);
-
     if (sock_cookie == NONEXISTENT_COOKIE) return -errno;
+
+    if (!mCookieTagMap.isValid()) return -EPERM;
     base::Result<void> res = mCookieTagMap.deleteValue(sock_cookie);
     if (!res.ok()) {
-        ALOGE("Failed to untag socket: %s\n", strerror(res.error().code()));
+        ALOGE("Failed to untag socket: %s", strerror(res.error().code()));
         return -res.error().code();
     }
     return 0;
diff --git a/netd/BpfHandler.h b/netd/BpfHandler.h
index 2ede1c1..925a725 100644
--- a/netd/BpfHandler.h
+++ b/netd/BpfHandler.h
@@ -16,13 +16,12 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <mutex>
-
 #include <netdutils/Status.h>
 #include "bpf/BpfMap.h"
 #include "bpf_shared.h"
 
 using android::bpf::BpfMap;
+using android::bpf::BpfMapRO;
 
 namespace android {
 namespace net {
@@ -61,12 +60,10 @@
 
     BpfMap<uint64_t, UidTagValue> mCookieTagMap;
     BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue> mStatsMapA;
-    BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue> mStatsMapB;
-    BpfMap<uint32_t, uint8_t> mConfigurationMap;
+    BpfMapRO<StatsKey, StatsValue> mStatsMapB;
+    BpfMapRO<uint32_t, uint32_t> mConfigurationMap;
     BpfMap<uint32_t, uint8_t> mUidPermissionMap;
 
-    std::mutex mMutex;
-
     // The limit on the number of stats entries a uid can have in the per uid stats map. BpfHandler
     // will block that specific uid from tagging new sockets after the limit is reached.
     const uint32_t mPerUidStatsEntriesLimit;
diff --git a/netd/BpfHandlerTest.cpp b/netd/BpfHandlerTest.cpp
index cd6b565..f5c9a68 100644
--- a/netd/BpfHandlerTest.cpp
+++ b/netd/BpfHandlerTest.cpp
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
+#define BPF_MAP_MAKE_VISIBLE_FOR_TESTING
 #include "BpfHandler.h"
 
 using namespace android::bpf;  // NOLINT(google-build-using-namespace): exempted
@@ -48,44 +49,35 @@
     BpfHandler mBh;
     BpfMap<uint64_t, UidTagValue> mFakeCookieTagMap;
     BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue> mFakeStatsMapA;
-    BpfMap<uint32_t, uint8_t> mFakeConfigurationMap;
+    BpfMapRO<uint32_t, uint32_t> mFakeConfigurationMap;
     BpfMap<uint32_t, uint8_t> mFakeUidPermissionMap;
 
     void SetUp() {
-        std::lock_guard guard(mBh.mMutex);
         ASSERT_EQ(0, setrlimitForTest());
 
-        mFakeCookieTagMap.reset(createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, sizeof(uint64_t), sizeof(UidTagValue),
-                                          TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0));
+        mFakeCookieTagMap.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE);
         ASSERT_VALID(mFakeCookieTagMap);
 
-        mFakeStatsMapA.reset(createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, sizeof(StatsKey), sizeof(StatsValue),
-                                       TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0));
+        mFakeStatsMapA.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE);
         ASSERT_VALID(mFakeStatsMapA);
 
-        mFakeConfigurationMap.reset(
-                createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, sizeof(uint32_t), sizeof(uint8_t), 1, 0));
+        mFakeConfigurationMap.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, CONFIGURATION_MAP_SIZE);
         ASSERT_VALID(mFakeConfigurationMap);
 
-        mFakeUidPermissionMap.reset(
-                createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, sizeof(uint32_t), sizeof(uint8_t), TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0));
+        mFakeUidPermissionMap.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE);
         ASSERT_VALID(mFakeUidPermissionMap);
 
-        mBh.mCookieTagMap.reset(dupFd(mFakeCookieTagMap.getMap()));
+        mBh.mCookieTagMap = mFakeCookieTagMap;
         ASSERT_VALID(mBh.mCookieTagMap);
-        mBh.mStatsMapA.reset(dupFd(mFakeStatsMapA.getMap()));
+        mBh.mStatsMapA = mFakeStatsMapA;
         ASSERT_VALID(mBh.mStatsMapA);
-        mBh.mConfigurationMap.reset(dupFd(mFakeConfigurationMap.getMap()));
+        mBh.mConfigurationMap = mFakeConfigurationMap;
         ASSERT_VALID(mBh.mConfigurationMap);
         // Always write to stats map A by default.
-        ASSERT_RESULT_OK(mBh.mConfigurationMap.writeValue(CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY,
-                                                          SELECT_MAP_A, BPF_ANY));
-        mBh.mUidPermissionMap.reset(dupFd(mFakeUidPermissionMap.getMap()));
-        ASSERT_VALID(mBh.mUidPermissionMap);
-    }
+        static_assert(SELECT_MAP_A == 0, "bpf map arrays are zero-initialized");
 
-    int dupFd(const android::base::unique_fd& mapFd) {
-        return fcntl(mapFd.get(), F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0);
+        mBh.mUidPermissionMap = mFakeUidPermissionMap;
+        ASSERT_VALID(mBh.mUidPermissionMap);
     }
 
     int setUpSocketAndTag(int protocol, uint64_t* cookie, uint32_t tag, uid_t uid,
diff --git a/netd/NetdUpdatable.cpp b/netd/NetdUpdatable.cpp
index f0997fc..41b1fdb 100644
--- a/netd/NetdUpdatable.cpp
+++ b/netd/NetdUpdatable.cpp
@@ -16,19 +16,20 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "NetdUpdatable"
 
-#include "NetdUpdatable.h"
+#include "BpfHandler.h"
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <netdutils/Status.h>
 
 #include "NetdUpdatablePublic.h"
 
+static android::net::BpfHandler sBpfHandler;
+
 int libnetd_updatable_init(const char* cg2_path) {
     android::base::InitLogging(/*argv=*/nullptr);
     LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": Initializing";
 
-    android::net::gNetdUpdatable = android::net::NetdUpdatable::getInstance();
-    android::netdutils::Status ret = android::net::gNetdUpdatable->mBpfHandler.init(cg2_path);
+    android::netdutils::Status ret = sBpfHandler.init(cg2_path);
     if (!android::netdutils::isOk(ret)) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BPF handler init failed";
         return -ret.code();
@@ -37,25 +38,9 @@
 }
 
 int libnetd_updatable_tagSocket(int sockFd, uint32_t tag, uid_t chargeUid, uid_t realUid) {
-    if (android::net::gNetdUpdatable == nullptr) return -EPERM;
-    return android::net::gNetdUpdatable->mBpfHandler.tagSocket(sockFd, tag, chargeUid, realUid);
+    return sBpfHandler.tagSocket(sockFd, tag, chargeUid, realUid);
 }
 
 int libnetd_updatable_untagSocket(int sockFd) {
-    if (android::net::gNetdUpdatable == nullptr) return -EPERM;
-    return android::net::gNetdUpdatable->mBpfHandler.untagSocket(sockFd);
+    return sBpfHandler.untagSocket(sockFd);
 }
-
-namespace android {
-namespace net {
-
-NetdUpdatable* gNetdUpdatable = nullptr;
-
-NetdUpdatable* NetdUpdatable::getInstance() {
-    // Instantiated on first use.
-    static NetdUpdatable instance;
-    return &instance;
-}
-
-}  // namespace net
-}  // namespace android
diff --git a/netd/NetdUpdatable.h b/netd/NetdUpdatable.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 333037f..0000000
--- a/netd/NetdUpdatable.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Copyright (c) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include "BpfHandler.h"
-
-namespace android {
-namespace net {
-
-class NetdUpdatable {
-  public:
-    NetdUpdatable() = default;
-    NetdUpdatable(const NetdUpdatable&) = delete;
-    NetdUpdatable& operator=(const NetdUpdatable&) = delete;
-    static NetdUpdatable* getInstance();
-
-    BpfHandler mBpfHandler;
-};
-
-extern NetdUpdatable* gNetdUpdatable;
-
-}  // namespace net
-}  // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service-t/jni/com_android_server_net_NetworkStatsFactory.cpp b/service-t/jni/com_android_server_net_NetworkStatsFactory.cpp
index 8b6526f..a3299a7 100644
--- a/service-t/jni/com_android_server_net_NetworkStatsFactory.cpp
+++ b/service-t/jni/com_android_server_net_NetworkStatsFactory.cpp
@@ -93,118 +93,6 @@
     return env->NewLongArray(size);
 }
 
-static int legacyReadNetworkStatsDetail(std::vector<stats_line>* lines,
-                                        const std::vector<std::string>& limitIfaces,
-                                        int limitTag, int limitUid, const char* path) {
-    FILE* fp = fopen(path, "re");
-    if (fp == NULL) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    int lastIdx = 1;
-    int idx;
-    char buffer[384];
-    while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp) != NULL) {
-        stats_line s;
-        int64_t rawTag;
-        char* pos = buffer;
-        char* endPos;
-        // First field is the index.
-        idx = (int)strtol(pos, &endPos, 10);
-        //ALOGI("Index #%d: %s", idx, buffer);
-        if (pos == endPos) {
-            // Skip lines that don't start with in index.  In particular,
-            // this will skip the initial header line.
-            continue;
-        }
-        if (idx != lastIdx + 1) {
-            ALOGE("inconsistent idx=%d after lastIdx=%d: %s", idx, lastIdx, buffer);
-            fclose(fp);
-            return -1;
-        }
-        lastIdx = idx;
-        pos = endPos;
-        // Skip whitespace.
-        while (*pos == ' ') {
-            pos++;
-        }
-        // Next field is iface.
-        int ifaceIdx = 0;
-        while (*pos != ' ' && *pos != 0 && ifaceIdx < (int)(sizeof(s.iface)-1)) {
-            s.iface[ifaceIdx] = *pos;
-            ifaceIdx++;
-            pos++;
-        }
-        if (*pos != ' ') {
-            ALOGE("bad iface: %s", buffer);
-            fclose(fp);
-            return -1;
-        }
-        s.iface[ifaceIdx] = 0;
-        if (limitIfaces.size() > 0) {
-            // Is this an iface the caller is interested in?
-            int i = 0;
-            while (i < (int)limitIfaces.size()) {
-                if (limitIfaces[i] == s.iface) {
-                    break;
-                }
-                i++;
-            }
-            if (i >= (int)limitIfaces.size()) {
-                // Nothing matched; skip this line.
-                //ALOGI("skipping due to iface: %s", buffer);
-                continue;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Ignore whitespace
-        while (*pos == ' ') pos++;
-
-        // Find end of tag field
-        endPos = pos;
-        while (*endPos != ' ') endPos++;
-
-        // Three digit field is always 0x0, otherwise parse
-        if (endPos - pos == 3) {
-            rawTag = 0;
-        } else {
-            if (sscanf(pos, "%" PRIx64, &rawTag) != 1) {
-                ALOGE("bad tag: %s", pos);
-                fclose(fp);
-                return -1;
-            }
-        }
-        s.tag = rawTag >> 32;
-        if (limitTag != -1 && s.tag != static_cast<uint32_t>(limitTag)) {
-            //ALOGI("skipping due to tag: %s", buffer);
-            continue;
-        }
-        pos = endPos;
-
-        // Ignore whitespace
-        while (*pos == ' ') pos++;
-
-        // Parse remaining fields.
-        if (sscanf(pos, "%u %u %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64,
-                &s.uid, &s.set, &s.rxBytes, &s.rxPackets,
-                &s.txBytes, &s.txPackets) == 6) {
-            if (limitUid != -1 && static_cast<uint32_t>(limitUid) != s.uid) {
-                //ALOGI("skipping due to uid: %s", buffer);
-                continue;
-            }
-            lines->push_back(s);
-        } else {
-            //ALOGI("skipping due to bad remaining fields: %s", pos);
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (fclose(fp) != 0) {
-        ALOGE("Failed to close netstats file");
-        return -1;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
 static int statsLinesToNetworkStats(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz, jobject stats,
                             std::vector<stats_line>& lines) {
     int size = lines.size();
@@ -282,9 +170,8 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int readNetworkStatsDetail(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz, jobject stats, jstring path,
-                                  jint limitUid, jobjectArray limitIfacesObj, jint limitTag,
-                                  jboolean useBpfStats) {
+static int readNetworkStatsDetail(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz, jobject stats, jint limitUid,
+        jobjectArray limitIfacesObj, jint limitTag) {
 
     std::vector<std::string> limitIfaces;
     if (limitIfacesObj != NULL && env->GetArrayLength(limitIfacesObj) > 0) {
@@ -299,20 +186,8 @@
     }
     std::vector<stats_line> lines;
 
-
-    if (useBpfStats) {
-        if (parseBpfNetworkStatsDetail(&lines, limitIfaces, limitTag, limitUid) < 0)
-            return -1;
-    } else {
-        ScopedUtfChars path8(env, path);
-        if (path8.c_str() == NULL) {
-            ALOGE("the qtaguid legacy path is invalid: %s", path8.c_str());
-            return -1;
-        }
-        if (legacyReadNetworkStatsDetail(&lines, limitIfaces, limitTag,
-                                         limitUid, path8.c_str()) < 0)
-            return -1;
-    }
+    if (parseBpfNetworkStatsDetail(&lines, limitIfaces, limitTag, limitUid) < 0)
+        return -1;
 
     return statsLinesToNetworkStats(env, clazz, stats, lines);
 }
@@ -328,7 +203,7 @@
 
 static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
         { "nativeReadNetworkStatsDetail",
-                "(Landroid/net/NetworkStats;Ljava/lang/String;I[Ljava/lang/String;IZ)I",
+                "(Landroid/net/NetworkStats;I[Ljava/lang/String;I)I",
                 (void*) readNetworkStatsDetail },
         { "nativeReadNetworkStatsDev", "(Landroid/net/NetworkStats;)I",
                 (void*) readNetworkStatsDev },
diff --git a/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/Android.bp b/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/Android.bp
index bf56fd5..5b3d314 100644
--- a/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/Android.bp
+++ b/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/Android.bp
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "libnetworkstats_test",
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "mts-tethering"],
+    test_config_template: ":net_native_test_config_template",
     require_root: true,  // required by setrlimitForTest()
     header_libs: ["bpf_connectivity_headers"],
     srcs: [
@@ -68,4 +69,13 @@
         "libbase",
         "liblog",
     ],
+    compile_multilib: "both",
+    multilib: {
+        lib32: {
+            suffix: "32",
+        },
+        lib64: {
+            suffix: "64",
+        },
+    },
 }
diff --git a/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/BpfNetworkStats.cpp b/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/BpfNetworkStats.cpp
index 4d605ce..28de881 100644
--- a/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/BpfNetworkStats.cpp
+++ b/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/BpfNetworkStats.cpp
@@ -40,10 +40,6 @@
 
 using base::Result;
 
-// The target map for stats reading should be the inactive map, which is opposite
-// from the config value.
-static constexpr char const* STATS_MAP_PATH[] = {STATS_MAP_B_PATH, STATS_MAP_A_PATH};
-
 int bpfGetUidStatsInternal(uid_t uid, Stats* stats,
                            const BpfMap<uint32_t, StatsValue>& appUidStatsMap) {
     auto statsEntry = appUidStatsMap.readValue(uid);
@@ -58,13 +54,7 @@
 }
 
 int bpfGetUidStats(uid_t uid, Stats* stats) {
-    BpfMapRO<uint32_t, StatsValue> appUidStatsMap(APP_UID_STATS_MAP_PATH);
-
-    if (!appUidStatsMap.isValid()) {
-        int ret = -errno;
-        ALOGE("Opening appUidStatsMap(%s) failed: %s", APP_UID_STATS_MAP_PATH, strerror(errno));
-        return ret;
-    }
+    static BpfMapRO<uint32_t, StatsValue> appUidStatsMap(APP_UID_STATS_MAP_PATH);
     return bpfGetUidStatsInternal(uid, stats, appUidStatsMap);
 }
 
@@ -100,19 +90,8 @@
 }
 
 int bpfGetIfaceStats(const char* iface, Stats* stats) {
-    BpfMapRO<uint32_t, StatsValue> ifaceStatsMap(IFACE_STATS_MAP_PATH);
-    int ret;
-    if (!ifaceStatsMap.isValid()) {
-        ret = -errno;
-        ALOGE("get ifaceStats map fd failed: %s", strerror(errno));
-        return ret;
-    }
-    BpfMapRO<uint32_t, IfaceValue> ifaceIndexNameMap(IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_PATH);
-    if (!ifaceIndexNameMap.isValid()) {
-        ret = -errno;
-        ALOGE("get ifaceIndexName map fd failed: %s", strerror(errno));
-        return ret;
-    }
+    static BpfMapRO<uint32_t, StatsValue> ifaceStatsMap(IFACE_STATS_MAP_PATH);
+    static BpfMapRO<uint32_t, IfaceValue> ifaceIndexNameMap(IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_PATH);
     return bpfGetIfaceStatsInternal(iface, stats, ifaceStatsMap, ifaceIndexNameMap);
 }
 
@@ -186,43 +165,44 @@
 int parseBpfNetworkStatsDetail(std::vector<stats_line>* lines,
                                const std::vector<std::string>& limitIfaces, int limitTag,
                                int limitUid) {
-    BpfMapRO<uint32_t, IfaceValue> ifaceIndexNameMap(IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_PATH);
-    if (!ifaceIndexNameMap.isValid()) {
-        int ret = -errno;
-        ALOGE("get ifaceIndexName map fd failed: %s", strerror(errno));
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    BpfMapRO<uint32_t, uint8_t> configurationMap(CONFIGURATION_MAP_PATH);
-    if (!configurationMap.isValid()) {
-        int ret = -errno;
-        ALOGE("get configuration map fd failed: %s", strerror(errno));
-        return ret;
-    }
+    static BpfMapRO<uint32_t, IfaceValue> ifaceIndexNameMap(IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_PATH);
+    static BpfMapRO<uint32_t, uint32_t> configurationMap(CONFIGURATION_MAP_PATH);
+    static BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue> statsMapA(STATS_MAP_A_PATH);
+    static BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue> statsMapB(STATS_MAP_B_PATH);
     auto configuration = configurationMap.readValue(CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY);
     if (!configuration.ok()) {
         ALOGE("Cannot read the old configuration from map: %s",
               configuration.error().message().c_str());
         return -configuration.error().code();
     }
-    const char* statsMapPath = STATS_MAP_PATH[configuration.value()];
-    BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue> statsMap(statsMapPath);
-    if (!statsMap.isValid()) {
-        int ret = -errno;
-        ALOGE("get stats map fd failed: %s, path: %s", strerror(errno), statsMapPath);
-        return ret;
+    // The target map for stats reading should be the inactive map, which is opposite
+    // from the config value.
+    BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue> *inactiveStatsMap;
+    switch (configuration.value()) {
+      case SELECT_MAP_A:
+        inactiveStatsMap = &statsMapB;
+        break;
+      case SELECT_MAP_B:
+        inactiveStatsMap = &statsMapA;
+        break;
+      default:
+        ALOGE("%s unknown configuration value: %d", __func__, configuration.value());
+        return -EINVAL;
     }
 
     // It is safe to read and clear the old map now since the
     // networkStatsFactory should call netd to swap the map in advance already.
-    int ret = parseBpfNetworkStatsDetailInternal(lines, limitIfaces, limitTag, limitUid, statsMap,
-                                                 ifaceIndexNameMap);
+    // TODO: the above comment feels like it may be obsolete / out of date,
+    // since we no longer swap the map via netd binder rpc - though we do
+    // still swap it.
+    int ret = parseBpfNetworkStatsDetailInternal(lines, limitIfaces, limitTag, limitUid,
+                                                 *inactiveStatsMap, ifaceIndexNameMap);
     if (ret) {
         ALOGE("parse detail network stats failed: %s", strerror(errno));
         return ret;
     }
 
-    Result<void> res = statsMap.clear();
+    Result<void> res = inactiveStatsMap->clear();
     if (!res.ok()) {
         ALOGE("Clean up current stats map failed: %s", strerror(res.error().code()));
         return -res.error().code();
@@ -262,20 +242,8 @@
 }
 
 int parseBpfNetworkStatsDev(std::vector<stats_line>* lines) {
-    int ret = 0;
-    BpfMapRO<uint32_t, IfaceValue> ifaceIndexNameMap(IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_PATH);
-    if (!ifaceIndexNameMap.isValid()) {
-        ret = -errno;
-        ALOGE("get ifaceIndexName map fd failed: %s", strerror(errno));
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    BpfMapRO<uint32_t, StatsValue> ifaceStatsMap(IFACE_STATS_MAP_PATH);
-    if (!ifaceStatsMap.isValid()) {
-        ret = -errno;
-        ALOGE("get ifaceStats map fd failed: %s", strerror(errno));
-        return ret;
-    }
+    static BpfMapRO<uint32_t, IfaceValue> ifaceIndexNameMap(IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_PATH);
+    static BpfMapRO<uint32_t, StatsValue> ifaceStatsMap(IFACE_STATS_MAP_PATH);
     return parseBpfNetworkStatsDevInternal(lines, ifaceStatsMap, ifaceIndexNameMap);
 }
 
diff --git a/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/BpfNetworkStatsTest.cpp b/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/BpfNetworkStatsTest.cpp
index 4974b96..6f9c8c2 100644
--- a/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/BpfNetworkStatsTest.cpp
+++ b/service-t/native/libs/libnetworkstats/BpfNetworkStatsTest.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 
+#define BPF_MAP_MAKE_VISIBLE_FOR_TESTING
 #include "bpf/BpfMap.h"
 #include "bpf/BpfUtils.h"
 #include "netdbpf/BpfNetworkStats.h"
@@ -80,19 +81,19 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(0, setrlimitForTest());
 
         mFakeCookieTagMap = BpfMap<uint64_t, UidTagValue>(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0);
-        ASSERT_LE(0, mFakeCookieTagMap.getMap());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFakeCookieTagMap.isValid());
 
         mFakeAppUidStatsMap = BpfMap<uint32_t, StatsValue>(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0);
-        ASSERT_LE(0, mFakeAppUidStatsMap.getMap());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFakeAppUidStatsMap.isValid());
 
         mFakeStatsMap = BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue>(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0);
-        ASSERT_LE(0, mFakeStatsMap.getMap());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFakeStatsMap.isValid());
 
         mFakeIfaceIndexNameMap = BpfMap<uint32_t, IfaceValue>(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0);
-        ASSERT_LE(0, mFakeIfaceIndexNameMap.getMap());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFakeIfaceIndexNameMap.isValid());
 
         mFakeIfaceStatsMap = BpfMap<uint32_t, StatsValue>(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0);
-        ASSERT_LE(0, mFakeIfaceStatsMap.getMap());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFakeIfaceStatsMap.isValid());
     }
 
     void expectUidTag(uint64_t cookie, uid_t uid, uint32_t tag) {
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/IpSecService.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/IpSecService.java
index 4bc40ea..16b9f1e 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/IpSecService.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/IpSecService.java
@@ -1452,6 +1452,11 @@
         final ConnectivityManager connectivityManager =
                 mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
         final LinkProperties lp = connectivityManager.getLinkProperties(underlyingNetwork);
+        if (lp == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    "LinkProperties is null. The underlyingNetwork may not be functional");
+        }
+
         if (tunnelInterfaceInfo.getInterfaceName().equals(lp.getInterfaceName())) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                     "Underlying network cannot be the network being exposed by this tunnel");
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/NsdService.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/NsdService.java
index 4086e4e..1226eea 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/NsdService.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/NsdService.java
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
-import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
+import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.mdns.aidl.DiscoveryInfo;
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.util.State;
 import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
+import com.android.net.module.util.PermissionUtils;
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
@@ -100,7 +101,6 @@
     private class NsdStateMachine extends StateMachine {
 
         private final DefaultState mDefaultState = new DefaultState();
-        private final DisabledState mDisabledState = new DisabledState();
         private final EnabledState mEnabledState = new EnabledState();
 
         @Override
@@ -151,7 +151,6 @@
         NsdStateMachine(String name, Handler handler) {
             super(name, handler);
             addState(mDefaultState);
-                addState(mDisabledState, mDefaultState);
                 addState(mEnabledState, mDefaultState);
             State initialState = mEnabledState;
             setInitialState(initialState);
@@ -249,25 +248,6 @@
             }
         }
 
-        class DisabledState extends State {
-            @Override
-            public void enter() {
-                sendNsdStateChangeBroadcast(false);
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public boolean processMessage(Message msg) {
-                switch (msg.what) {
-                    case NsdManager.ENABLE:
-                        transitionTo(mEnabledState);
-                        break;
-                    default:
-                        return NOT_HANDLED;
-                }
-                return HANDLED;
-            }
-        }
-
         class EnabledState extends State {
             @Override
             public void enter() {
@@ -311,14 +291,17 @@
                 final int clientId = msg.arg2;
                 final ListenerArgs args;
                 switch (msg.what) {
-                    case NsdManager.DISABLE:
-                        //TODO: cleanup clients
-                        transitionTo(mDisabledState);
-                        break;
                     case NsdManager.DISCOVER_SERVICES:
                         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Discover services");
                         args = (ListenerArgs) msg.obj;
                         clientInfo = mClients.get(args.connector);
+                        // If the binder death notification for a INsdManagerCallback was received
+                        // before any calls are received by NsdService, the clientInfo would be
+                        // cleared and cause NPE. Add a null check here to prevent this corner case.
+                        if (clientInfo == null) {
+                            Log.e(TAG, "Unknown connector in discovery");
+                            break;
+                        }
 
                         if (requestLimitReached(clientInfo)) {
                             clientInfo.onDiscoverServicesFailed(
@@ -345,6 +328,13 @@
                         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Stop service discovery");
                         args = (ListenerArgs) msg.obj;
                         clientInfo = mClients.get(args.connector);
+                        // If the binder death notification for a INsdManagerCallback was received
+                        // before any calls are received by NsdService, the clientInfo would be
+                        // cleared and cause NPE. Add a null check here to prevent this corner case.
+                        if (clientInfo == null) {
+                            Log.e(TAG, "Unknown connector in stop discovery");
+                            break;
+                        }
 
                         try {
                             id = clientInfo.mClientIds.get(clientId);
@@ -365,6 +355,14 @@
                         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Register service");
                         args = (ListenerArgs) msg.obj;
                         clientInfo = mClients.get(args.connector);
+                        // If the binder death notification for a INsdManagerCallback was received
+                        // before any calls are received by NsdService, the clientInfo would be
+                        // cleared and cause NPE. Add a null check here to prevent this corner case.
+                        if (clientInfo == null) {
+                            Log.e(TAG, "Unknown connector in registration");
+                            break;
+                        }
+
                         if (requestLimitReached(clientInfo)) {
                             clientInfo.onRegisterServiceFailed(
                                     clientId, NsdManager.FAILURE_MAX_LIMIT);
@@ -387,6 +385,9 @@
                         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "unregister service");
                         args = (ListenerArgs) msg.obj;
                         clientInfo = mClients.get(args.connector);
+                        // If the binder death notification for a INsdManagerCallback was received
+                        // before any calls are received by NsdService, the clientInfo would be
+                        // cleared and cause NPE. Add a null check here to prevent this corner case.
                         if (clientInfo == null) {
                             Log.e(TAG, "Unknown connector in unregistration");
                             break;
@@ -404,6 +405,13 @@
                         if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Resolve service");
                         args = (ListenerArgs) msg.obj;
                         clientInfo = mClients.get(args.connector);
+                        // If the binder death notification for a INsdManagerCallback was received
+                        // before any calls are received by NsdService, the clientInfo would be
+                        // cleared and cause NPE. Add a null check here to prevent this corner case.
+                        if (clientInfo == null) {
+                            Log.e(TAG, "Unknown connector in resolution");
+                            break;
+                        }
 
                         if (clientInfo.mResolvedService != null) {
                             clientInfo.onResolveServiceFailed(
@@ -466,7 +474,7 @@
                             // interfaces that do not have an associated Network.
                             break;
                         }
-                        servInfo.setNetwork(new Network(foundNetId));
+                        setServiceNetworkForCallback(servInfo, info.netId, info.interfaceIdx);
                         clientInfo.onServiceFound(clientId, servInfo);
                         break;
                     }
@@ -476,10 +484,11 @@
                         final String type = info.registrationType;
                         final int lostNetId = info.netId;
                         servInfo = new NsdServiceInfo(name, type);
-                        // The network could be null if it was torn down when the service is lost
-                        // TODO: avoid returning null in that case, possibly by remembering found
-                        // services on the same interface index and their network at the time
-                        servInfo.setNetwork(lostNetId == 0 ? null : new Network(lostNetId));
+                        // The network could be set to null (netId 0) if it was torn down when the
+                        // service is lost
+                        // TODO: avoid returning null in that case, possibly by remembering
+                        // found services on the same interface index and their network at the time
+                        setServiceNetworkForCallback(servInfo, lostNetId, info.interfaceIdx);
                         clientInfo.onServiceLost(clientId, servInfo);
                         break;
                     }
@@ -513,7 +522,7 @@
                             break;
                         }
 
-                        String name = fullName.substring(0, index);
+                        String name = unescape(fullName.substring(0, index));
                         String rest = fullName.substring(index);
                         String type = rest.replace(".local.", "");
 
@@ -557,7 +566,6 @@
                         final GetAddressInfo info = (GetAddressInfo) obj;
                         final String address = info.address;
                         final int netId = info.netId;
-                        final Network network = netId == NETID_UNSET ? null : new Network(netId);
                         InetAddress serviceHost = null;
                         try {
                             serviceHost = InetAddress.getByName(address);
@@ -568,9 +576,10 @@
                         // If the resolved service is on an interface without a network, consider it
                         // as a failure: it would not be usable by apps as they would need
                         // privileged permissions.
-                        if (network != null && serviceHost != null) {
+                        if (netId != NETID_UNSET && serviceHost != null) {
                             clientInfo.mResolvedService.setHost(serviceHost);
-                            clientInfo.mResolvedService.setNetwork(network);
+                            setServiceNetworkForCallback(clientInfo.mResolvedService,
+                                    netId, info.interfaceIdx);
                             clientInfo.onResolveServiceSucceeded(
                                     clientId, clientInfo.mResolvedService);
                         } else {
@@ -590,6 +599,55 @@
        }
     }
 
+    private static void setServiceNetworkForCallback(NsdServiceInfo info, int netId, int ifaceIdx) {
+        switch (netId) {
+            case NETID_UNSET:
+                info.setNetwork(null);
+                break;
+            case INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID:
+                // Special case for LOCAL_NET_ID: Networks on netId 99 are not generally
+                // visible / usable for apps, so do not return it. Store the interface
+                // index instead, so at least if the client tries to resolve the service
+                // with that NsdServiceInfo, it will be done on the same interface.
+                // If they recreate the NsdServiceInfo themselves, resolution would be
+                // done on all interfaces as before T, which should also work.
+                info.setNetwork(null);
+                info.setInterfaceIndex(ifaceIdx);
+                break;
+            default:
+                info.setNetwork(new Network(netId));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // The full service name is escaped from standard DNS rules on mdnsresponder, making it suitable
+    // for passing to standard system DNS APIs such as res_query() . Thus, make the service name
+    // unescape for getting right service address. See "Notes on DNS Name Escaping" on
+    // external/mdnsresponder/mDNSShared/dns_sd.h for more details.
+    private String unescape(String s) {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(s.length());
+        for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); ++i) {
+            char c = s.charAt(i);
+            if (c == '\\') {
+                if (++i >= s.length()) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Unexpected end of escape sequence in: " + s);
+                    break;
+                }
+                c = s.charAt(i);
+                if (c != '.' && c != '\\') {
+                    if (i + 2 >= s.length()) {
+                        Log.e(TAG, "Unexpected end of escape sequence in: " + s);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    c = (char) ((c - '0') * 100 + (s.charAt(i + 1) - '0') * 10
+                            + (s.charAt(i + 2) - '0'));
+                    i += 2;
+                }
+            }
+            sb.append(c);
+        }
+        return sb.toString();
+    }
+
     @VisibleForTesting
     NsdService(Context ctx, Handler handler, long cleanupDelayMs) {
         mCleanupDelayMs = cleanupDelayMs;
@@ -738,7 +796,12 @@
         String type = service.getServiceType();
         int port = service.getPort();
         byte[] textRecord = service.getTxtRecord();
-        return mMDnsManager.registerService(regId, name, type, port, textRecord, IFACE_IDX_ANY);
+        final int registerInterface = getNetworkInterfaceIndex(service);
+        if (service.getNetwork() != null && registerInterface == IFACE_IDX_ANY) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Interface to register service on not found");
+            return false;
+        }
+        return mMDnsManager.registerService(regId, name, type, port, textRecord, registerInterface);
     }
 
     private boolean unregisterService(int regId) {
@@ -746,10 +809,9 @@
     }
 
     private boolean discoverServices(int discoveryId, NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo) {
-        final Network network = serviceInfo.getNetwork();
         final String type = serviceInfo.getServiceType();
-        final int discoverInterface = getNetworkInterfaceIndex(network);
-        if (network != null && discoverInterface == IFACE_IDX_ANY) {
+        final int discoverInterface = getNetworkInterfaceIndex(serviceInfo);
+        if (serviceInfo.getNetwork() != null && discoverInterface == IFACE_IDX_ANY) {
             Log.e(TAG, "Interface to discover service on not found");
             return false;
         }
@@ -763,9 +825,8 @@
     private boolean resolveService(int resolveId, NsdServiceInfo service) {
         final String name = service.getServiceName();
         final String type = service.getServiceType();
-        final Network network = service.getNetwork();
-        final int resolveInterface = getNetworkInterfaceIndex(network);
-        if (network != null && resolveInterface == IFACE_IDX_ANY) {
+        final int resolveInterface = getNetworkInterfaceIndex(service);
+        if (service.getNetwork() != null && resolveInterface == IFACE_IDX_ANY) {
             Log.e(TAG, "Interface to resolve service on not found");
             return false;
         }
@@ -781,8 +842,17 @@
      * this is to support the legacy mdnsresponder implementation, which historically resolved
      * services on an unspecified network.
      */
-    private int getNetworkInterfaceIndex(Network network) {
-        if (network == null) return IFACE_IDX_ANY;
+    private int getNetworkInterfaceIndex(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo) {
+        final Network network = serviceInfo.getNetwork();
+        if (network == null) {
+            // Fallback to getInterfaceIndex if present (typically if the NsdServiceInfo was
+            // provided by NsdService from discovery results, and the service was found on an
+            // interface that has no app-usable Network).
+            if (serviceInfo.getInterfaceIndex() != 0) {
+                return serviceInfo.getInterfaceIndex();
+            }
+            return IFACE_IDX_ANY;
+        }
 
         final ConnectivityManager cm = mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
         if (cm == null) {
@@ -823,12 +893,7 @@
 
     @Override
     public void dump(FileDescriptor fd, PrintWriter pw, String[] args) {
-        if (mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.DUMP)
-                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
-            pw.println("Permission Denial: can't dump " + TAG
-                    + " due to missing android.permission.DUMP permission");
-            return;
-        }
+        if (!PermissionUtils.checkDumpPermission(mContext, TAG, pw)) return;
 
         for (ClientInfo client : mClients.values()) {
             pw.println("Client Info");
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetCallback.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetCallback.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5461156
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetCallback.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.ethernet;
+
+import android.net.EthernetNetworkManagementException;
+import android.net.INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+/** Convenience wrapper for INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver */
+@VisibleForTesting
+public class EthernetCallback {
+    private static final String TAG = EthernetCallback.class.getSimpleName();
+    private final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver mReceiver;
+
+    public EthernetCallback(INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver receiver) {
+        mReceiver = receiver;
+    }
+
+    /** Calls INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver#onResult */
+    public void onResult(String ifname) {
+        try {
+            if (mReceiver != null) {
+                mReceiver.onResult(ifname);
+            }
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to report error to OutcomeReceiver", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Calls INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver#onError */
+    public void onError(String msg) {
+        try {
+            if (mReceiver != null) {
+                mReceiver.onError(new EthernetNetworkManagementException(msg));
+            }
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to report error to OutcomeReceiver", e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetConfigStore.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetConfigStore.java
index 6b623f4..156b526 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetConfigStore.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetConfigStore.java
@@ -16,46 +16,115 @@
 
 package com.android.server.ethernet;
 
-import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.DeviceConfigUtils.TETHERING_MODULE_NAME;
+
+import android.content.ApexEnvironment;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration;
 import android.os.Environment;
 import android.util.ArrayMap;
+import android.util.AtomicFile;
+import android.util.Log;
 
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.server.net.IpConfigStore;
 
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
 
 /**
  * This class provides an API to store and manage Ethernet network configuration.
  */
 public class EthernetConfigStore {
-    private static final String ipConfigFile = Environment.getDataDirectory() +
-            "/misc/ethernet/ipconfig.txt";
+    private static final String TAG = EthernetConfigStore.class.getSimpleName();
+    private static final String CONFIG_FILE = "ipconfig.txt";
+    private static final String FILE_PATH = "/misc/ethernet/";
+    private static final String LEGACY_IP_CONFIG_FILE_PATH = Environment.getDataDirectory()
+            + FILE_PATH;
+    private static final String APEX_IP_CONFIG_FILE_PATH = ApexEnvironment.getApexEnvironment(
+            TETHERING_MODULE_NAME).getDeviceProtectedDataDir() + FILE_PATH;
 
     private IpConfigStore mStore = new IpConfigStore();
-    private ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> mIpConfigurations;
-    private IpConfiguration mIpConfigurationForDefaultInterface;
+    private final ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> mIpConfigurations;
     private final Object mSync = new Object();
 
     public EthernetConfigStore() {
         mIpConfigurations = new ArrayMap<>(0);
     }
 
-    public void read() {
-        synchronized (mSync) {
-            ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> configs =
-                    IpConfigStore.readIpConfigurations(ipConfigFile);
+    private static boolean doesConfigFileExist(final String filepath) {
+        return new File(filepath).exists();
+    }
 
-            // This configuration may exist in old file versions when there was only a single active
-            // Ethernet interface.
-            if (configs.containsKey("0")) {
-                mIpConfigurationForDefaultInterface = configs.remove("0");
+    private void writeLegacyIpConfigToApexPath(final String newFilePath, final String oldFilePath,
+            final String filename) {
+        final File directory = new File(newFilePath);
+        if (!directory.exists()) {
+            directory.mkdirs();
+        }
+
+        // Write the legacy IP config to the apex file path.
+        FileOutputStream fos = null;
+        final AtomicFile dst = new AtomicFile(new File(newFilePath + filename));
+        final AtomicFile src = new AtomicFile(new File(oldFilePath + filename));
+        try {
+            final byte[] raw = src.readFully();
+            if (raw.length > 0) {
+                fos = dst.startWrite();
+                fos.write(raw);
+                fos.flush();
+                dst.finishWrite(fos);
             }
-
-            mIpConfigurations = configs;
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Fail to sync the legacy IP config to the apex file path.");
+            dst.failWrite(fos);
         }
     }
 
+    public void read() {
+        read(APEX_IP_CONFIG_FILE_PATH, LEGACY_IP_CONFIG_FILE_PATH, CONFIG_FILE);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void read(final String newFilePath, final String oldFilePath, final String filename) {
+        synchronized (mSync) {
+            // Attempt to read the IP configuration from apex file path first.
+            if (doesConfigFileExist(newFilePath + filename)) {
+                loadConfigFileLocked(newFilePath + filename);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // If the config file doesn't exist in the apex file path, attempt to read it from
+            // the legacy file path, if config file exists, write the legacy IP configuration to
+            // apex config file path, this should just happen on the first boot. New or updated
+            // config entries are only written to the apex config file later.
+            if (!doesConfigFileExist(oldFilePath + filename)) return;
+            loadConfigFileLocked(oldFilePath + filename);
+            writeLegacyIpConfigToApexPath(newFilePath, oldFilePath, filename);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void loadConfigFileLocked(final String filepath) {
+        // readIpConfigurations can return null when the version is invalid.
+        final ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> configs =
+                IpConfigStore.readIpConfigurations(filepath);
+        if (configs == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "IpConfigStore#readIpConfigurations() returned null");
+            return;
+        }
+        mIpConfigurations.putAll(configs);
+    }
+
     public void write(String iface, IpConfiguration config) {
+        final File directory = new File(APEX_IP_CONFIG_FILE_PATH);
+        if (!directory.exists()) {
+            directory.mkdirs();
+        }
+        write(iface, config, APEX_IP_CONFIG_FILE_PATH + CONFIG_FILE);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    void write(String iface, IpConfiguration config, String filepath) {
         boolean modified;
 
         synchronized (mSync) {
@@ -67,7 +136,7 @@
             }
 
             if (modified) {
-                mStore.writeIpConfigurations(ipConfigFile, mIpConfigurations);
+                mStore.writeIpConfigurations(filepath, mIpConfigurations);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -77,12 +146,4 @@
             return new ArrayMap<>(mIpConfigurations);
         }
     }
-
-    @Nullable
-    public IpConfiguration getIpConfigurationForDefaultInterface() {
-        synchronized (mSync) {
-            return mIpConfigurationForDefaultInterface == null
-                    ? null : new IpConfiguration(mIpConfigurationForDefaultInterface);
-        }
-    }
 }
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetNetworkFactory.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetNetworkFactory.java
index eb22f78..00f6c56 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetNetworkFactory.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetNetworkFactory.java
@@ -19,23 +19,19 @@
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.content.Context;
-import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
 import android.net.ConnectivityResources;
 import android.net.EthernetManager;
-import android.net.EthernetNetworkManagementException;
 import android.net.EthernetNetworkSpecifier;
-import android.net.INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration.IpAssignment;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration.ProxySettings;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.NetworkAgentConfig;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
-import android.net.NetworkFactory;
 import android.net.NetworkProvider;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
-import android.net.NetworkSpecifier;
+import android.net.NetworkScore;
 import android.net.ip.IIpClient;
 import android.net.ip.IpClientCallbacks;
 import android.net.ip.IpClientManager;
@@ -44,9 +40,9 @@
 import android.os.ConditionVariable;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.Looper;
-import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.AndroidRuntimeException;
+import android.util.ArraySet;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
 
@@ -57,27 +53,25 @@
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 
 /**
- * {@link NetworkFactory} that represents Ethernet networks.
+ * Class that manages NetworkOffers for Ethernet networks.
  *
- * This class reports a static network score of 70 when it is tracking an interface and that
- * interface's link is up, and a score of 0 otherwise.
+ * TODO: this class should be merged into EthernetTracker.
  */
-public class EthernetNetworkFactory extends NetworkFactory {
+public class EthernetNetworkFactory {
     private final static String TAG = EthernetNetworkFactory.class.getSimpleName();
     final static boolean DBG = true;
 
-    private final static int NETWORK_SCORE = 70;
     private static final String NETWORK_TYPE = "Ethernet";
-    private static final String LEGACY_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES =
-            "524288,1048576,3145728,524288,1048576,2097152";
 
     private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, NetworkInterfaceState> mTrackingInterfaces =
             new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
     private final Handler mHandler;
     private final Context mContext;
+    private final NetworkProvider mProvider;
     final Dependencies mDeps;
 
     public static class Dependencies {
@@ -99,25 +93,9 @@
             return InterfaceParams.getByName(name);
         }
 
-        // TODO: remove legacy resource fallback after migrating its overlays.
-        private String getPlatformTcpBufferSizes(Context context) {
-            final Resources r = context.getResources();
-            final int resId = r.getIdentifier("config_ethernet_tcp_buffers", "string",
-                    context.getPackageName());
-            return r.getString(resId);
-        }
-
         public String getTcpBufferSizesFromResource(Context context) {
-            final String tcpBufferSizes;
-            final String platformTcpBufferSizes = getPlatformTcpBufferSizes(context);
-            if (!LEGACY_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES.equals(platformTcpBufferSizes)) {
-                // Platform resource is not the historical default: use the overlay.
-                tcpBufferSizes = platformTcpBufferSizes;
-            } else {
-                final ConnectivityResources resources = new ConnectivityResources(context);
-                tcpBufferSizes = resources.get().getString(R.string.config_ethernet_tcp_buffers);
-            }
-            return tcpBufferSizes;
+            final ConnectivityResources resources = new ConnectivityResources(context);
+            return resources.get().getString(R.string.config_ethernet_tcp_buffers);
         }
     }
 
@@ -128,54 +106,24 @@
     }
 
     public EthernetNetworkFactory(Handler handler, Context context) {
-        this(handler, context, new Dependencies());
+        this(handler, context, new NetworkProvider(context, handler.getLooper(), TAG),
+            new Dependencies());
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    EthernetNetworkFactory(Handler handler, Context context, Dependencies deps) {
-        super(handler.getLooper(), context, NETWORK_TYPE, createDefaultNetworkCapabilities());
-
+    EthernetNetworkFactory(Handler handler, Context context, NetworkProvider provider,
+            Dependencies deps) {
         mHandler = handler;
         mContext = context;
+        mProvider = provider;
         mDeps = deps;
-
-        setScoreFilter(NETWORK_SCORE);
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public boolean acceptRequest(NetworkRequest request) {
-        if (DBG) {
-            Log.d(TAG, "acceptRequest, request: " + request);
-        }
-
-        return networkForRequest(request) != null;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected void needNetworkFor(NetworkRequest networkRequest) {
-        NetworkInterfaceState network = networkForRequest(networkRequest);
-
-        if (network == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "needNetworkFor, failed to get a network for " + networkRequest);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        if (++network.refCount == 1) {
-            network.start();
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected void releaseNetworkFor(NetworkRequest networkRequest) {
-        NetworkInterfaceState network = networkForRequest(networkRequest);
-        if (network == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "releaseNetworkFor, failed to get a network for " + networkRequest);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        if (--network.refCount == 0) {
-            network.stop();
-        }
+    /**
+     * Registers the network provider with the system.
+     */
+    public void register() {
+        mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class).registerNetworkProvider(mProvider);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -213,9 +161,8 @@
         }
 
         final NetworkInterfaceState iface = new NetworkInterfaceState(
-                ifaceName, hwAddress, mHandler, mContext, ipConfig, nc, this, mDeps);
+                ifaceName, hwAddress, mHandler, mContext, ipConfig, nc, mProvider, mDeps);
         mTrackingInterfaces.put(ifaceName, iface);
-        updateCapabilityFilter();
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -240,23 +187,19 @@
      *                     {@code null} is passed, then the network's current
      *                     {@link NetworkCapabilities} will be used in support of existing APIs as
      *                     the public API does not allow this.
-     * @param listener an optional {@link INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver} to notify callers of
-     *                 completion.
      */
     @VisibleForTesting(visibility = VisibleForTesting.Visibility.PACKAGE)
     protected void updateInterface(@NonNull final String ifaceName,
             @Nullable final IpConfiguration ipConfig,
-            @Nullable final NetworkCapabilities capabilities,
-            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
+            @Nullable final NetworkCapabilities capabilities) {
         if (!hasInterface(ifaceName)) {
-            maybeSendNetworkManagementCallbackForUntracked(ifaceName, listener);
             return;
         }
 
         final NetworkInterfaceState iface = mTrackingInterfaces.get(ifaceName);
-        iface.updateInterface(ipConfig, capabilities, listener);
+        iface.updateInterface(ipConfig, capabilities);
         mTrackingInterfaces.put(ifaceName, iface);
-        updateCapabilityFilter();
+        return;
     }
 
     private static NetworkCapabilities mixInCapabilities(NetworkCapabilities nc,
@@ -267,16 +210,6 @@
        return builder.build();
     }
 
-    private void updateCapabilityFilter() {
-        NetworkCapabilities capabilitiesFilter = createDefaultNetworkCapabilities();
-        for (NetworkInterfaceState iface:  mTrackingInterfaces.values()) {
-            capabilitiesFilter = mixInCapabilities(capabilitiesFilter, iface.mCapabilities);
-        }
-
-        if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "updateCapabilityFilter: " + capabilitiesFilter);
-        setCapabilityFilter(capabilitiesFilter);
-    }
-
     private static NetworkCapabilities createDefaultNetworkCapabilities() {
         return NetworkCapabilities.Builder
                 .withoutDefaultCapabilities()
@@ -284,22 +217,23 @@
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting(visibility = VisibleForTesting.Visibility.PACKAGE)
-    protected void removeInterface(String interfaceName) {
+    protected boolean removeInterface(String interfaceName) {
         NetworkInterfaceState iface = mTrackingInterfaces.remove(interfaceName);
         if (iface != null) {
-            iface.maybeSendNetworkManagementCallbackForAbort();
-            iface.stop();
+            iface.unregisterNetworkOfferAndStop();
+            return true;
         }
-
-        updateCapabilityFilter();
+        // TODO(b/236892130): if an interface is currently in server mode, it may not be properly
+        // removed.
+        // TODO: when false is returned, do not send a STATE_ABSENT callback.
+        Log.w(TAG, interfaceName + " is not tracked and cannot be removed");
+        return false;
     }
 
     /** Returns true if state has been modified */
     @VisibleForTesting(visibility = VisibleForTesting.Visibility.PACKAGE)
-    protected boolean updateInterfaceLinkState(@NonNull final String ifaceName, final boolean up,
-            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
+    protected boolean updateInterfaceLinkState(@NonNull final String ifaceName, final boolean up) {
         if (!hasInterface(ifaceName)) {
-            maybeSendNetworkManagementCallbackForUntracked(ifaceName, listener);
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -308,14 +242,7 @@
         }
 
         NetworkInterfaceState iface = mTrackingInterfaces.get(ifaceName);
-        return iface.updateLinkState(up, listener);
-    }
-
-    private void maybeSendNetworkManagementCallbackForUntracked(
-            String ifaceName, INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
-        maybeSendNetworkManagementCallback(listener, null,
-                new EthernetNetworkManagementException(
-                        ifaceName + " can't be updated as it is not available."));
+        return iface.updateLinkState(up);
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -323,56 +250,6 @@
         return mTrackingInterfaces.containsKey(ifaceName);
     }
 
-    private NetworkInterfaceState networkForRequest(NetworkRequest request) {
-        String requestedIface = null;
-
-        NetworkSpecifier specifier = request.getNetworkSpecifier();
-        if (specifier instanceof EthernetNetworkSpecifier) {
-            requestedIface = ((EthernetNetworkSpecifier) specifier)
-                .getInterfaceName();
-        }
-
-        NetworkInterfaceState network = null;
-        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(requestedIface)) {
-            NetworkInterfaceState n = mTrackingInterfaces.get(requestedIface);
-            if (n != null && request.canBeSatisfiedBy(n.mCapabilities)) {
-                network = n;
-            }
-        } else {
-            for (NetworkInterfaceState n : mTrackingInterfaces.values()) {
-                if (request.canBeSatisfiedBy(n.mCapabilities) && n.mLinkUp) {
-                    network = n;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (DBG) {
-            Log.i(TAG, "networkForRequest, request: " + request + ", network: " + network);
-        }
-
-        return network;
-    }
-
-    private static void maybeSendNetworkManagementCallback(
-            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener,
-            @Nullable final String iface,
-            @Nullable final EthernetNetworkManagementException e) {
-        if (null == listener) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        try {
-            if (iface != null) {
-                listener.onResult(iface);
-            } else {
-                listener.onError(e);
-            }
-        } catch (RemoteException re) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Can't send onComplete for network management callback", re);
-        }
-    }
-
     @VisibleForTesting
     static class NetworkInterfaceState {
         final String name;
@@ -380,14 +257,16 @@
         private final String mHwAddress;
         private final Handler mHandler;
         private final Context mContext;
-        private final NetworkFactory mNetworkFactory;
+        private final NetworkProvider mNetworkProvider;
         private final Dependencies mDeps;
+        private NetworkProvider.NetworkOfferCallback mNetworkOfferCallback;
 
         private static String sTcpBufferSizes = null;  // Lazy initialized.
 
         private boolean mLinkUp;
         private int mLegacyType;
         private LinkProperties mLinkProperties = new LinkProperties();
+        private final Set<Integer> mRequestIds = new ArraySet<>();
 
         private volatile @Nullable IpClientManager mIpClient;
         private @NonNull NetworkCapabilities mCapabilities;
@@ -416,16 +295,9 @@
                     ConnectivityManager.TYPE_NONE);
         }
 
-        long refCount = 0;
-
         private class EthernetIpClientCallback extends IpClientCallbacks {
             private final ConditionVariable mIpClientStartCv = new ConditionVariable(false);
             private final ConditionVariable mIpClientShutdownCv = new ConditionVariable(false);
-            @Nullable INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver mNetworkManagementListener;
-
-            EthernetIpClientCallback(@Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
-                mNetworkManagementListener = listener;
-            }
 
             @Override
             public void onIpClientCreated(IIpClient ipClient) {
@@ -461,14 +333,14 @@
 
             @Override
             public void onProvisioningSuccess(LinkProperties newLp) {
-                handleIpEvent(() -> onIpLayerStarted(newLp, mNetworkManagementListener));
+                handleIpEvent(() -> onIpLayerStarted(newLp));
             }
 
             @Override
             public void onProvisioningFailure(LinkProperties newLp) {
                 // This cannot happen due to provisioning timeout, because our timeout is 0. It can
                 // happen due to errors while provisioning or on provisioning loss.
-                handleIpEvent(() -> onIpLayerStopped(mNetworkManagementListener));
+                handleIpEvent(() -> onIpLayerStopped());
             }
 
             @Override
@@ -488,16 +360,59 @@
             }
         }
 
+        private class EthernetNetworkOfferCallback implements NetworkProvider.NetworkOfferCallback {
+            private boolean isStale() {
+                return this != mNetworkOfferCallback;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onNetworkNeeded(@NonNull NetworkRequest request) {
+                if (isStale()) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (DBG) {
+                    Log.d(TAG, String.format("%s: onNetworkNeeded for request: %s", name, request));
+                }
+                // When the network offer is first registered, onNetworkNeeded is called with all
+                // existing requests.
+                // ConnectivityService filters requests for us based on the NetworkCapabilities
+                // passed in the registerNetworkOffer() call.
+                mRequestIds.add(request.requestId);
+                // if the network is already started, this is a no-op.
+                start();
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void onNetworkUnneeded(@NonNull NetworkRequest request) {
+                if (isStale()) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (DBG) {
+                    Log.d(TAG,
+                            String.format("%s: onNetworkUnneeded for request: %s", name, request));
+                }
+                if (!mRequestIds.remove(request.requestId)) {
+                    // This can only happen if onNetworkNeeded was not called for a request or if
+                    // the requestId changed. Both should *never* happen.
+                    Log.wtf(TAG, "onNetworkUnneeded called for unknown request");
+                }
+                if (mRequestIds.isEmpty()) {
+                    // not currently serving any requests, stop the network.
+                    stop();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         NetworkInterfaceState(String ifaceName, String hwAddress, Handler handler, Context context,
                 @NonNull IpConfiguration ipConfig, @NonNull NetworkCapabilities capabilities,
-                NetworkFactory networkFactory, Dependencies deps) {
+                NetworkProvider networkProvider, Dependencies deps) {
             name = ifaceName;
             mIpConfig = Objects.requireNonNull(ipConfig);
             mCapabilities = Objects.requireNonNull(capabilities);
             mLegacyType = getLegacyType(mCapabilities);
             mHandler = handler;
             mContext = context;
-            mNetworkFactory = networkFactory;
+            mNetworkProvider = networkProvider;
             mDeps = deps;
             mHwAddress = hwAddress;
         }
@@ -521,19 +436,27 @@
                     + "transport type.");
         }
 
+        private static NetworkScore getNetworkScore() {
+            return new NetworkScore.Builder().build();
+        }
+
         private void setCapabilities(@NonNull final NetworkCapabilities capabilities) {
             mCapabilities = new NetworkCapabilities(capabilities);
             mLegacyType = getLegacyType(mCapabilities);
+
+            if (mLinkUp) {
+                // registering a new network offer will update the existing one, not install a
+                // new one.
+                registerNetworkOffer();
+            }
         }
 
         void updateInterface(@Nullable final IpConfiguration ipConfig,
-                @Nullable final NetworkCapabilities capabilities,
-                @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
+                @Nullable final NetworkCapabilities capabilities) {
             if (DBG) {
                 Log.d(TAG, "updateInterface, iface: " + name
                         + ", ipConfig: " + ipConfig + ", old ipConfig: " + mIpConfig
                         + ", capabilities: " + capabilities + ", old capabilities: " + mCapabilities
-                        + ", listener: " + listener
                 );
             }
 
@@ -543,12 +466,12 @@
             if (null != capabilities) {
                 setCapabilities(capabilities);
             }
-            // Send an abort callback if a request is filed before the previous one has completed.
-            maybeSendNetworkManagementCallbackForAbort();
             // TODO: Update this logic to only do a restart if required. Although a restart may
             //  be required due to the capabilities or ipConfiguration values, not all
             //  capabilities changes require a restart.
-            restart(listener);
+            if (mIpClient != null) {
+                restart();
+            }
         }
 
         boolean isRestricted() {
@@ -556,10 +479,6 @@
         }
 
         private void start() {
-            start(null);
-        }
-
-        private void start(@Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
             if (mIpClient != null) {
                 if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "IpClient already started");
                 return;
@@ -568,7 +487,7 @@
                 Log.d(TAG, String.format("Starting Ethernet IpClient(%s)", name));
             }
 
-            mIpClientCallback = new EthernetIpClientCallback(listener);
+            mIpClientCallback = new EthernetIpClientCallback();
             mDeps.makeIpClient(mContext, name, mIpClientCallback);
             mIpClientCallback.awaitIpClientStart();
 
@@ -578,8 +497,7 @@
             provisionIpClient(mIpClient, mIpConfig, sTcpBufferSizes);
         }
 
-        void onIpLayerStarted(@NonNull final LinkProperties linkProperties,
-                @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
+        void onIpLayerStarted(@NonNull final LinkProperties linkProperties) {
             if (mNetworkAgent != null) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Already have a NetworkAgent - aborting new request");
                 stop();
@@ -594,7 +512,7 @@
                     .setLegacyExtraInfo(mHwAddress)
                     .build();
             mNetworkAgent = mDeps.makeEthernetNetworkAgent(mContext, mHandler.getLooper(),
-                    mCapabilities, mLinkProperties, config, mNetworkFactory.getProvider(),
+                    mCapabilities, mLinkProperties, config, mNetworkProvider,
                     new EthernetNetworkAgent.Callbacks() {
                         @Override
                         public void onNetworkUnwanted() {
@@ -611,40 +529,18 @@
                     });
             mNetworkAgent.register();
             mNetworkAgent.markConnected();
-            realizeNetworkManagementCallback(name, null);
         }
 
-        void onIpLayerStopped(@Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
+        void onIpLayerStopped() {
             // There is no point in continuing if the interface is gone as stop() will be triggered
             // by removeInterface() when processed on the handler thread and start() won't
             // work for a non-existent interface.
             if (null == mDeps.getNetworkInterfaceByName(name)) {
                 if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, name + " is no longer available.");
                 // Send a callback in case a provisioning request was in progress.
-                maybeSendNetworkManagementCallbackForAbort();
                 return;
             }
-            restart(listener);
-        }
-
-        private void maybeSendNetworkManagementCallbackForAbort() {
-            realizeNetworkManagementCallback(null,
-                    new EthernetNetworkManagementException(
-                            "The IP provisioning request has been aborted."));
-        }
-
-        // Must be called on the handler thread
-        private void realizeNetworkManagementCallback(@Nullable final String iface,
-                @Nullable final EthernetNetworkManagementException e) {
-            ensureRunningOnEthernetHandlerThread();
-            if (null == mIpClientCallback) {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            EthernetNetworkFactory.maybeSendNetworkManagementCallback(
-                    mIpClientCallback.mNetworkManagementListener, iface, e);
-            // Only send a single callback per listener.
-            mIpClientCallback.mNetworkManagementListener = null;
+            restart();
         }
 
         private void ensureRunningOnEthernetHandlerThread() {
@@ -664,6 +560,13 @@
 
         void updateNeighborLostEvent(String logMsg) {
             Log.i(TAG, "updateNeighborLostEvent " + logMsg);
+            if (mIpConfig.getIpAssignment() == IpAssignment.STATIC) {
+                // Ignore NUD failures for static IP configurations, where restarting the IpClient
+                // will not fix connectivity.
+                // In this scenario, NetworkMonitor will not verify the network, so it will
+                // eventually be torn down.
+                return;
+            }
             // Reachability lost will be seen only if the gateway is not reachable.
             // Since ethernet FW doesn't have the mechanism to scan for new networks
             // like WiFi, simply restart.
@@ -674,46 +577,64 @@
         }
 
         /** Returns true if state has been modified */
-        boolean updateLinkState(final boolean up,
-                @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
+        boolean updateLinkState(final boolean up) {
             if (mLinkUp == up)  {
-                EthernetNetworkFactory.maybeSendNetworkManagementCallback(listener, null,
-                        new EthernetNetworkManagementException(
-                                "No changes with requested link state " + up + " for " + name));
                 return false;
             }
             mLinkUp = up;
 
             if (!up) { // was up, goes down
-                // Send an abort on a provisioning request callback if necessary before stopping.
-                maybeSendNetworkManagementCallbackForAbort();
-                stop();
-                // If only setting the interface down, send a callback to signal completion.
-                EthernetNetworkFactory.maybeSendNetworkManagementCallback(listener, name, null);
+                // retract network offer and stop IpClient.
+                unregisterNetworkOfferAndStop();
             } else { // was down, goes up
-                stop();
-                start(listener);
+                // register network offer
+                registerNetworkOffer();
             }
 
             return true;
         }
 
-        void stop() {
+        private void stop() {
+            // Unregister NetworkAgent before stopping IpClient, so destroyNativeNetwork (which
+            // deletes routes) hopefully happens before stop() finishes execution. Otherwise, it may
+            // delete the new routes when IpClient gets restarted.
+            if (mNetworkAgent != null) {
+                mNetworkAgent.unregister();
+                mNetworkAgent = null;
+            }
+
             // Invalidate all previous start requests
             if (mIpClient != null) {
                 mIpClient.shutdown();
                 mIpClientCallback.awaitIpClientShutdown();
                 mIpClient = null;
             }
+
             mIpClientCallback = null;
 
-            if (mNetworkAgent != null) {
-                mNetworkAgent.unregister();
-                mNetworkAgent = null;
-            }
             mLinkProperties.clear();
         }
 
+        private void registerNetworkOffer() {
+            // If mNetworkOfferCallback is already set, it should be reused to update the existing
+            // offer.
+            if (mNetworkOfferCallback == null) {
+                mNetworkOfferCallback = new EthernetNetworkOfferCallback();
+            }
+            mNetworkProvider.registerNetworkOffer(getNetworkScore(),
+                    new NetworkCapabilities(mCapabilities), cmd -> mHandler.post(cmd),
+                    mNetworkOfferCallback);
+        }
+
+        private void unregisterNetworkOfferAndStop() {
+            mNetworkProvider.unregisterNetworkOffer(mNetworkOfferCallback);
+            // Setting mNetworkOfferCallback to null allows the callback object to be identified
+            // as stale.
+            mNetworkOfferCallback = null;
+            stop();
+            mRequestIds.clear();
+        }
+
         private static void provisionIpClient(@NonNull final IpClientManager ipClient,
                 @NonNull final IpConfiguration config, @NonNull final String tcpBufferSizes) {
             if (config.getProxySettings() == ProxySettings.STATIC ||
@@ -741,19 +662,14 @@
         }
 
         void restart() {
-            restart(null);
-        }
-
-        void restart(@Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "reconnecting Ethernet");
             stop();
-            start(listener);
+            start();
         }
 
         @Override
         public String toString() {
             return getClass().getSimpleName() + "{ "
-                    + "refCount: " + refCount + ", "
                     + "iface: " + name + ", "
                     + "up: " + mLinkUp + ", "
                     + "hwAddress: " + mHwAddress + ", "
@@ -766,7 +682,6 @@
     }
 
     void dump(FileDescriptor fd, IndentingPrintWriter pw, String[] args) {
-        super.dump(fd, pw, args);
         pw.println(getClass().getSimpleName());
         pw.println("Tracking interfaces:");
         pw.increaseIndent();
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetServiceImpl.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetServiceImpl.java
index 5e830ad..edf04b2 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetServiceImpl.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetServiceImpl.java
@@ -16,20 +16,22 @@
 
 package com.android.server.ethernet;
 
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_ETHERNET;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
+import android.net.EthernetNetworkSpecifier;
+import android.net.EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest;
 import android.net.IEthernetManager;
 import android.net.IEthernetServiceListener;
 import android.net.INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver;
 import android.net.ITetheredInterfaceCallback;
-import android.net.EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
-import android.os.Binder;
+import android.net.NetworkSpecifier;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.Log;
@@ -185,13 +187,7 @@
     @Override
     protected void dump(FileDescriptor fd, PrintWriter writer, String[] args) {
         final IndentingPrintWriter pw = new IndentingPrintWriter(writer, "  ");
-        if (mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.DUMP)
-                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
-            pw.println("Permission Denial: can't dump EthernetService from pid="
-                    + Binder.getCallingPid()
-                    + ", uid=" + Binder.getCallingUid());
-            return;
-        }
+        if (!PermissionUtils.checkDumpPermission(mContext, TAG, pw)) return;
 
         pw.println("Current Ethernet state: ");
         pw.increaseIndent();
@@ -216,19 +212,39 @@
                 "EthernetServiceImpl");
     }
 
-    private void maybeValidateTestCapabilities(final String iface,
-            @Nullable final NetworkCapabilities nc) {
+    private void validateOrSetNetworkSpecifier(String iface, NetworkCapabilities nc) {
+        final NetworkSpecifier spec = nc.getNetworkSpecifier();
+        if (spec == null) {
+            nc.setNetworkSpecifier(new EthernetNetworkSpecifier(iface));
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!(spec instanceof EthernetNetworkSpecifier)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid specifier type for request.");
+        }
+        if (!((EthernetNetworkSpecifier) spec).getInterfaceName().matches(iface)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid interface name set on specifier.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void maybeValidateTestCapabilities(String iface, NetworkCapabilities nc) {
         if (!mTracker.isValidTestInterface(iface)) {
             return;
         }
-        // For test interfaces, only null or capabilities that include TRANSPORT_TEST are
-        // allowed.
-        if (nc != null && !nc.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_TEST)) {
+        if (!nc.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_TEST)) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                     "Updates to test interfaces must have NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST.");
         }
     }
 
+    private void maybeValidateEthernetTransport(String iface, NetworkCapabilities nc) {
+        if (mTracker.isValidTestInterface(iface)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!nc.hasSingleTransport(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid transport type for request.");
+        }
+    }
+
     private void enforceAdminPermission(final String iface, boolean enforceAutomotive,
             final String logMessage) {
         if (mTracker.isValidTestInterface(iface)) {
@@ -244,43 +260,48 @@
     @Override
     public void updateConfiguration(@NonNull final String iface,
             @NonNull final EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest request,
-            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
+            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver cb) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(iface);
         Objects.requireNonNull(request);
         throwIfEthernetNotStarted();
 
         // TODO: validate that iface is listed in overlay config_ethernet_interfaces
         // only automotive devices are allowed to set the NetworkCapabilities using this API
-        enforceAdminPermission(iface, request.getNetworkCapabilities() != null,
-                "updateConfiguration() with non-null capabilities");
-        maybeValidateTestCapabilities(iface, request.getNetworkCapabilities());
+        final NetworkCapabilities nc = request.getNetworkCapabilities();
+        enforceAdminPermission(
+                iface, nc != null, "updateConfiguration() with non-null capabilities");
+        if (nc != null) {
+            validateOrSetNetworkSpecifier(iface, nc);
+            maybeValidateTestCapabilities(iface, nc);
+            maybeValidateEthernetTransport(iface, nc);
+        }
 
         mTracker.updateConfiguration(
-                iface, request.getIpConfiguration(), request.getNetworkCapabilities(), listener);
+                iface, request.getIpConfiguration(), nc, new EthernetCallback(cb));
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void connectNetwork(@NonNull final String iface,
-            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
-        Log.i(TAG, "connectNetwork called with: iface=" + iface + ", listener=" + listener);
+    public void enableInterface(@NonNull final String iface,
+            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver cb) {
+        Log.i(TAG, "enableInterface called with: iface=" + iface + ", cb=" + cb);
         Objects.requireNonNull(iface);
         throwIfEthernetNotStarted();
 
-        enforceAdminPermission(iface, true, "connectNetwork()");
+        enforceAdminPermission(iface, false, "enableInterface()");
 
-        mTracker.connectNetwork(iface, listener);
+        mTracker.enableInterface(iface, new EthernetCallback(cb));
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void disconnectNetwork(@NonNull final String iface,
-            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
-        Log.i(TAG, "disconnectNetwork called with: iface=" + iface + ", listener=" + listener);
+    public void disableInterface(@NonNull final String iface,
+            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver cb) {
+        Log.i(TAG, "disableInterface called with: iface=" + iface + ", cb=" + cb);
         Objects.requireNonNull(iface);
         throwIfEthernetNotStarted();
 
-        enforceAdminPermission(iface, true, "connectNetwork()");
+        enforceAdminPermission(iface, false, "disableInterface()");
 
-        mTracker.disconnectNetwork(iface, listener);
+        mTracker.disableInterface(iface, new EthernetCallback(cb));
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTracker.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTracker.java
index 693d91a..95baf81 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTracker.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTracker.java
@@ -25,12 +25,10 @@
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.content.Context;
-import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.net.ConnectivityResources;
 import android.net.EthernetManager;
 import android.net.IEthernetServiceListener;
 import android.net.INetd;
-import android.net.INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver;
 import android.net.ITetheredInterfaceCallback;
 import android.net.InterfaceConfigurationParcel;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration;
@@ -44,15 +42,21 @@
 import android.os.RemoteCallbackList;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
+import android.system.OsConstants;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.ArrayMap;
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
-import com.android.net.module.util.BaseNetdUnsolicitedEventListener;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetdUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.PermissionUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.NetlinkMonitor;
+import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkConstants;
+import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkMessage;
+import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.RtNetlinkLinkMessage;
+import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.StructIfinfoMsg;
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
@@ -86,17 +90,22 @@
     private static final boolean DBG = EthernetNetworkFactory.DBG;
 
     private static final String TEST_IFACE_REGEXP = TEST_TAP_PREFIX + "\\d+";
-    private static final String LEGACY_IFACE_REGEXP = "eth\\d";
+
+    // TODO: consider using SharedLog consistently across ethernet service.
+    private static final SharedLog sLog = new SharedLog(TAG);
 
     /**
-     * Interface names we track. This is a product-dependent regular expression, plus,
-     * if setIncludeTestInterfaces is true, any test interfaces.
+     * Interface names we track. This is a product-dependent regular expression.
+     * Use isValidEthernetInterface to check if a interface name is a valid ethernet interface (this
+     * includes test interfaces if setIncludeTestInterfaces is set to true).
      */
-    private volatile String mIfaceMatch;
+    private final String mIfaceMatch;
+
     /**
      * Track test interfaces if true, don't track otherwise.
+     * Volatile is needed as getInterfaceList() does not run on the handler thread.
      */
-    private boolean mIncludeTestInterfaces = false;
+    private volatile boolean mIncludeTestInterfaces = false;
 
     /** Mapping between {iface name | mac address} -> {NetworkCapabilities} */
     private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, NetworkCapabilities> mNetworkCapabilities =
@@ -109,6 +118,7 @@
     private final Handler mHandler;
     private final EthernetNetworkFactory mFactory;
     private final EthernetConfigStore mConfigStore;
+    private final NetlinkMonitor mNetlinkMonitor;
     private final Dependencies mDeps;
 
     private final RemoteCallbackList<IEthernetServiceListener> mListeners =
@@ -116,12 +126,13 @@
     private final TetheredInterfaceRequestList mTetheredInterfaceRequests =
             new TetheredInterfaceRequestList();
 
-    // Used only on the handler thread
-    private String mDefaultInterface;
-    private int mDefaultInterfaceMode = INTERFACE_MODE_CLIENT;
+    // The first interface discovered is set as the mTetheringInterface. It is the interface that is
+    // returned when a tethered interface is requested; until then, it remains in client mode. Its
+    // current mode is reflected in mTetheringInterfaceMode.
+    private String mTetheringInterface;
+    private int mTetheringInterfaceMode = INTERFACE_MODE_CLIENT;
     // Tracks whether clients were notified that the tethered interface is available
     private boolean mTetheredInterfaceWasAvailable = false;
-    private volatile IpConfiguration mIpConfigForDefaultInterface;
 
     private int mEthernetState = ETHERNET_STATE_ENABLED;
 
@@ -129,56 +140,87 @@
             RemoteCallbackList<ITetheredInterfaceCallback> {
         @Override
         public void onCallbackDied(ITetheredInterfaceCallback cb, Object cookie) {
-            mHandler.post(EthernetTracker.this::maybeUntetherDefaultInterface);
+            mHandler.post(EthernetTracker.this::maybeUntetherInterface);
         }
     }
 
     public static class Dependencies {
-        // TODO: remove legacy resource fallback after migrating its overlays.
-        private String getPlatformRegexResource(Context context) {
-            final Resources r = context.getResources();
-            final int resId =
-                r.getIdentifier("config_ethernet_iface_regex", "string", context.getPackageName());
-            return r.getString(resId);
-        }
-
-        // TODO: remove legacy resource fallback after migrating its overlays.
-        private String[] getPlatformInterfaceConfigs(Context context) {
-            final Resources r = context.getResources();
-            final int resId = r.getIdentifier("config_ethernet_interfaces", "array",
-                    context.getPackageName());
-            return r.getStringArray(resId);
-        }
-
         public String getInterfaceRegexFromResource(Context context) {
-            final String platformRegex = getPlatformRegexResource(context);
-            final String match;
-            if (!LEGACY_IFACE_REGEXP.equals(platformRegex)) {
-                // Platform resource is not the historical default: use the overlay
-                match = platformRegex;
-            } else {
-                final ConnectivityResources resources = new ConnectivityResources(context);
-                match = resources.get().getString(
-                        com.android.connectivity.resources.R.string.config_ethernet_iface_regex);
-            }
-            return match;
+            final ConnectivityResources resources = new ConnectivityResources(context);
+            return resources.get().getString(
+                    com.android.connectivity.resources.R.string.config_ethernet_iface_regex);
         }
 
         public String[] getInterfaceConfigFromResource(Context context) {
-            final String[] platformInterfaceConfigs = getPlatformInterfaceConfigs(context);
-            final String[] interfaceConfigs;
-            if (platformInterfaceConfigs.length != 0) {
-                // Platform resource is not the historical default: use the overlay
-                interfaceConfigs = platformInterfaceConfigs;
-            } else {
-                final ConnectivityResources resources = new ConnectivityResources(context);
-                interfaceConfigs = resources.get().getStringArray(
-                        com.android.connectivity.resources.R.array.config_ethernet_interfaces);
-            }
-            return interfaceConfigs;
+            final ConnectivityResources resources = new ConnectivityResources(context);
+            return resources.get().getStringArray(
+                    com.android.connectivity.resources.R.array.config_ethernet_interfaces);
         }
     }
 
+    private class EthernetNetlinkMonitor extends NetlinkMonitor {
+        EthernetNetlinkMonitor(Handler handler) {
+            super(handler, sLog, EthernetNetlinkMonitor.class.getSimpleName(),
+                    OsConstants.NETLINK_ROUTE, NetlinkConstants.RTMGRP_LINK);
+        }
+
+        private void onNewLink(String ifname, boolean linkUp) {
+            if (!mFactory.hasInterface(ifname) && !ifname.equals(mTetheringInterface)) {
+                Log.i(TAG, "onInterfaceAdded, iface: " + ifname);
+                maybeTrackInterface(ifname);
+            }
+            Log.i(TAG, "interfaceLinkStateChanged, iface: " + ifname + ", up: " + linkUp);
+            updateInterfaceState(ifname, linkUp);
+        }
+
+        private void onDelLink(String ifname) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "onInterfaceRemoved, iface: " + ifname);
+            stopTrackingInterface(ifname);
+        }
+
+        private void processRtNetlinkLinkMessage(RtNetlinkLinkMessage msg) {
+            final StructIfinfoMsg ifinfomsg = msg.getIfinfoHeader();
+            // check if the message is valid
+            if (ifinfomsg.family != OsConstants.AF_UNSPEC) return;
+
+            // ignore messages for the loopback interface
+            if ((ifinfomsg.flags & OsConstants.IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0) return;
+
+            // check if the received message applies to an ethernet interface.
+            final String ifname = msg.getInterfaceName();
+            if (!isValidEthernetInterface(ifname)) return;
+
+            switch (msg.getHeader().nlmsg_type) {
+                case NetlinkConstants.RTM_NEWLINK:
+                    final boolean linkUp = (ifinfomsg.flags & NetlinkConstants.IFF_LOWER_UP) != 0;
+                    onNewLink(ifname, linkUp);
+                    break;
+
+                case NetlinkConstants.RTM_DELLINK:
+                    onDelLink(ifname);
+                    break;
+
+                default:
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Unknown rtnetlink link msg type: " + msg);
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Note: processNetlinkMessage is called on the handler thread.
+        @Override
+        protected void processNetlinkMessage(NetlinkMessage nlMsg, long whenMs) {
+            // ignore all updates when ethernet is disabled.
+            if (mEthernetState == ETHERNET_STATE_DISABLED) return;
+
+            if (nlMsg instanceof RtNetlinkLinkMessage) {
+                processRtNetlinkLinkMessage((RtNetlinkLinkMessage) nlMsg);
+            } else {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Unknown netlink message: " + nlMsg);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
     EthernetTracker(@NonNull final Context context, @NonNull final Handler handler,
             @NonNull final EthernetNetworkFactory factory, @NonNull final INetd netd) {
         this(context, handler, factory, netd, new Dependencies());
@@ -195,7 +237,7 @@
         mDeps = deps;
 
         // Interface match regex.
-        updateIfaceMatchRegexp();
+        mIfaceMatch = mDeps.getInterfaceRegexFromResource(mContext);
 
         // Read default Ethernet interface configuration from resources
         final String[] interfaceConfigs = mDeps.getInterfaceConfigFromResource(context);
@@ -204,27 +246,22 @@
         }
 
         mConfigStore = new EthernetConfigStore();
+        mNetlinkMonitor = new EthernetNetlinkMonitor(mHandler);
     }
 
     void start() {
         mFactory.register();
         mConfigStore.read();
 
-        // Default interface is just the first one we want to track.
-        mIpConfigForDefaultInterface = mConfigStore.getIpConfigurationForDefaultInterface();
         final ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> configs = mConfigStore.getIpConfigurations();
         for (int i = 0; i < configs.size(); i++) {
             mIpConfigurations.put(configs.keyAt(i), configs.valueAt(i));
         }
 
-        try {
-            PermissionUtils.enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
-            mNetd.registerUnsolicitedEventListener(new InterfaceObserver());
-        } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Could not register InterfaceObserver " + e);
-        }
-
-        mHandler.post(this::trackAvailableInterfaces);
+        mHandler.post(() -> {
+            mNetlinkMonitor.start();
+            trackAvailableInterfaces();
+        });
     }
 
     void updateIpConfiguration(String iface, IpConfiguration ipConfiguration) {
@@ -233,7 +270,7 @@
         }
         writeIpConfiguration(iface, ipConfiguration);
         mHandler.post(() -> {
-            mFactory.updateInterface(iface, ipConfiguration, null, null);
+            mFactory.updateInterface(iface, ipConfiguration, null);
             broadcastInterfaceStateChange(iface);
         });
     }
@@ -262,12 +299,17 @@
      */
     protected void broadcastInterfaceStateChange(@NonNull String iface) {
         ensureRunningOnEthernetServiceThread();
-        final int state = mFactory.getInterfaceState(iface);
+        final int state = getInterfaceState(iface);
         final int role = getInterfaceRole(iface);
         final IpConfiguration config = getIpConfigurationForCallback(iface, state);
+        final boolean isRestricted = isRestrictedInterface(iface);
         final int n = mListeners.beginBroadcast();
         for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
             try {
+                if (isRestricted) {
+                    final ListenerInfo info = (ListenerInfo) mListeners.getBroadcastCookie(i);
+                    if (!info.canUseRestrictedNetworks) continue;
+                }
                 mListeners.getBroadcastItem(i).onInterfaceStateChanged(iface, state, role, config);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 // Do nothing here.
@@ -297,12 +339,14 @@
     protected void updateConfiguration(@NonNull final String iface,
             @Nullable final IpConfiguration ipConfig,
             @Nullable final NetworkCapabilities capabilities,
-            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
+            @Nullable final EthernetCallback cb) {
         if (DBG) {
             Log.i(TAG, "updateConfiguration, iface: " + iface + ", capabilities: " + capabilities
                     + ", ipConfig: " + ipConfig);
         }
 
+        // TODO: do the right thing if the interface was in server mode: either fail this operation,
+        // or take the interface out of server mode.
         final IpConfiguration localIpConfig = ipConfig == null
                 ? null : new IpConfiguration(ipConfig);
         if (ipConfig != null) {
@@ -313,21 +357,29 @@
             mNetworkCapabilities.put(iface, capabilities);
         }
         mHandler.post(() -> {
-            mFactory.updateInterface(iface, localIpConfig, capabilities, listener);
-            broadcastInterfaceStateChange(iface);
+            mFactory.updateInterface(iface, localIpConfig, capabilities);
+
+            // only broadcast state change when the ip configuration is updated.
+            if (ipConfig != null) {
+                broadcastInterfaceStateChange(iface);
+            }
+            // Always return success. Even if the interface does not currently exist, the
+            // IpConfiguration and NetworkCapabilities were saved and will be applied if an
+            // interface with the given name is ever added.
+            cb.onResult(iface);
         });
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting(visibility = PACKAGE)
-    protected void connectNetwork(@NonNull final String iface,
-            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
-        mHandler.post(() -> updateInterfaceState(iface, true, listener));
+    protected void enableInterface(@NonNull final String iface,
+            @Nullable final EthernetCallback cb) {
+        mHandler.post(() -> updateInterfaceState(iface, true, cb));
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting(visibility = PACKAGE)
-    protected void disconnectNetwork(@NonNull final String iface,
-            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
-        mHandler.post(() -> updateInterfaceState(iface, false, listener));
+    protected void disableInterface(@NonNull final String iface,
+            @Nullable final EthernetCallback cb) {
+        mHandler.post(() -> updateInterfaceState(iface, false, cb));
     }
 
     IpConfiguration getIpConfiguration(String iface) {
@@ -352,9 +404,17 @@
             Log.e(TAG, "Could not get list of interfaces " + e);
             return interfaceList;
         }
-        final String ifaceMatch = mIfaceMatch;
+
+        // There is a possible race with setIncludeTestInterfaces() which can affect
+        // isValidEthernetInterface (it returns true for test interfaces if setIncludeTestInterfaces
+        // is set to true).
+        // setIncludeTestInterfaces() is only used in tests, and since getInterfaceList() does not
+        // run on the handler thread, the behavior around setIncludeTestInterfaces() is
+        // indeterminate either way. This can easily be circumvented by waiting on a callback from
+        // a test interface after calling setIncludeTestInterfaces() before calling this function.
+        // In production code, this has no effect.
         for (String iface : ifaces) {
-            if (iface.matches(ifaceMatch)) interfaceList.add(iface);
+            if (isValidEthernetInterface(iface)) interfaceList.add(iface);
         }
         return interfaceList;
     }
@@ -389,7 +449,6 @@
     public void setIncludeTestInterfaces(boolean include) {
         mHandler.post(() -> {
             mIncludeTestInterfaces = include;
-            updateIfaceMatchRegexp();
             if (!include) {
                 removeTestData();
             }
@@ -423,21 +482,21 @@
                 // Remote process has already died
                 return;
             }
-            if (mDefaultInterfaceMode == INTERFACE_MODE_SERVER) {
+            if (mTetheringInterfaceMode == INTERFACE_MODE_SERVER) {
                 if (mTetheredInterfaceWasAvailable) {
-                    notifyTetheredInterfaceAvailable(callback, mDefaultInterface);
+                    notifyTetheredInterfaceAvailable(callback, mTetheringInterface);
                 }
                 return;
             }
 
-            setDefaultInterfaceMode(INTERFACE_MODE_SERVER);
+            setTetheringInterfaceMode(INTERFACE_MODE_SERVER);
         });
     }
 
     public void releaseTetheredInterface(ITetheredInterfaceCallback callback) {
         mHandler.post(() -> {
             mTetheredInterfaceRequests.unregister(callback);
-            maybeUntetherDefaultInterface();
+            maybeUntetherInterface();
         });
     }
 
@@ -457,32 +516,51 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private void maybeUntetherDefaultInterface() {
+    private void maybeUntetherInterface() {
         if (mTetheredInterfaceRequests.getRegisteredCallbackCount() > 0) return;
-        if (mDefaultInterfaceMode == INTERFACE_MODE_CLIENT) return;
-        setDefaultInterfaceMode(INTERFACE_MODE_CLIENT);
+        if (mTetheringInterfaceMode == INTERFACE_MODE_CLIENT) return;
+        setTetheringInterfaceMode(INTERFACE_MODE_CLIENT);
     }
 
-    private void setDefaultInterfaceMode(int mode) {
-        Log.d(TAG, "Setting default interface mode to " + mode);
-        mDefaultInterfaceMode = mode;
-        if (mDefaultInterface != null) {
-            removeInterface(mDefaultInterface);
-            addInterface(mDefaultInterface);
+    private void setTetheringInterfaceMode(int mode) {
+        Log.d(TAG, "Setting tethering interface mode to " + mode);
+        mTetheringInterfaceMode = mode;
+        if (mTetheringInterface != null) {
+            removeInterface(mTetheringInterface);
+            addInterface(mTetheringInterface);
+            // when this broadcast is sent, any calls to notifyTetheredInterfaceAvailable or
+            // notifyTetheredInterfaceUnavailable have already happened
+            broadcastInterfaceStateChange(mTetheringInterface);
         }
     }
 
+    private int getInterfaceState(final String iface) {
+        if (mFactory.hasInterface(iface)) {
+            return mFactory.getInterfaceState(iface);
+        }
+        if (getInterfaceMode(iface) == INTERFACE_MODE_SERVER) {
+            // server mode interfaces are not tracked by the factory.
+            // TODO(b/234743836): interface state for server mode interfaces is not tracked
+            // properly; just return link up.
+            return EthernetManager.STATE_LINK_UP;
+        }
+        return EthernetManager.STATE_ABSENT;
+    }
+
     private int getInterfaceRole(final String iface) {
-        if (!mFactory.hasInterface(iface)) return EthernetManager.ROLE_NONE;
-        final int mode = getInterfaceMode(iface);
-        return (mode == INTERFACE_MODE_CLIENT)
-                ? EthernetManager.ROLE_CLIENT
-                : EthernetManager.ROLE_SERVER;
+        if (mFactory.hasInterface(iface)) {
+            // only client mode interfaces are tracked by the factory.
+            return EthernetManager.ROLE_CLIENT;
+        }
+        if (getInterfaceMode(iface) == INTERFACE_MODE_SERVER) {
+            return EthernetManager.ROLE_SERVER;
+        }
+        return EthernetManager.ROLE_NONE;
     }
 
     private int getInterfaceMode(final String iface) {
-        if (iface.equals(mDefaultInterface)) {
-            return mDefaultInterfaceMode;
+        if (iface.equals(mTetheringInterface)) {
+            return mTetheringInterfaceMode;
         }
         return INTERFACE_MODE_CLIENT;
     }
@@ -494,8 +572,8 @@
 
     private void stopTrackingInterface(String iface) {
         removeInterface(iface);
-        if (iface.equals(mDefaultInterface)) {
-            mDefaultInterface = null;
+        if (iface.equals(mTetheringInterface)) {
+            mTetheringInterface = null;
         }
         broadcastInterfaceStateChange(iface);
     }
@@ -505,8 +583,14 @@
         // Bring up the interface so we get link status indications.
         try {
             PermissionUtils.enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
-            NetdUtils.setInterfaceUp(mNetd, iface);
+            // Read the flags before attempting to bring up the interface. If the interface is
+            // already running an UP event is created after adding the interface.
             config = NetdUtils.getInterfaceConfigParcel(mNetd, iface);
+            if (NetdUtils.hasFlag(config, INetd.IF_STATE_DOWN)) {
+                // As a side-effect, NetdUtils#setInterfaceUp() also clears the interface's IPv4
+                // address and readds it which *could* lead to unexpected behavior in the future.
+                NetdUtils.setInterfaceUp(mNetd, iface);
+            }
         } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
             // Either the system is crashing or the interface has disappeared. Just ignore the
             // error; we haven't modified any state because we only do that if our calls succeed.
@@ -518,6 +602,11 @@
             return;
         }
 
+        if (getInterfaceMode(iface) == INTERFACE_MODE_SERVER) {
+            maybeUpdateServerModeInterfaceState(iface, true);
+            return;
+        }
+
         final String hwAddress = config.hwAddr;
 
         NetworkCapabilities nc = mNetworkCapabilities.get(iface);
@@ -530,40 +619,46 @@
             }
         }
 
-        final int mode = getInterfaceMode(iface);
-        if (mode == INTERFACE_MODE_CLIENT) {
-            IpConfiguration ipConfiguration = getOrCreateIpConfiguration(iface);
-            Log.d(TAG, "Tracking interface in client mode: " + iface);
-            mFactory.addInterface(iface, hwAddress, ipConfiguration, nc);
-        } else {
-            maybeUpdateServerModeInterfaceState(iface, true);
-        }
+        IpConfiguration ipConfiguration = getOrCreateIpConfiguration(iface);
+        Log.d(TAG, "Tracking interface in client mode: " + iface);
+        mFactory.addInterface(iface, hwAddress, ipConfiguration, nc);
 
         // Note: if the interface already has link (e.g., if we crashed and got
         // restarted while it was running), we need to fake a link up notification so we
         // start configuring it.
-        if (NetdUtils.hasFlag(config, "running")) {
-            updateInterfaceState(iface, true);
+        if (NetdUtils.hasFlag(config, INetd.IF_FLAG_RUNNING)) {
+            // no need to send an interface state change as this is not a true "state change". The
+            // callers (maybeTrackInterface() and setTetheringInterfaceMode()) already broadcast the
+            // state change.
+            mFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(iface, true);
         }
     }
 
     private void updateInterfaceState(String iface, boolean up) {
-        updateInterfaceState(iface, up, null /* listener */);
+        updateInterfaceState(iface, up, new EthernetCallback(null /* cb */));
     }
 
-    private void updateInterfaceState(@NonNull final String iface, final boolean up,
-            @Nullable final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener) {
+    // TODO(b/225315248): enable/disableInterface() should not affect link state.
+    private void updateInterfaceState(String iface, boolean up, EthernetCallback cb) {
         final int mode = getInterfaceMode(iface);
-        final boolean factoryLinkStateUpdated = (mode == INTERFACE_MODE_CLIENT)
-                && mFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(iface, up, listener);
+        if (mode == INTERFACE_MODE_SERVER || !mFactory.hasInterface(iface)) {
+            // The interface is in server mode or is not tracked.
+            cb.onError("Failed to set link state " + (up ? "up" : "down") + " for " + iface);
+            return;
+        }
 
-        if (factoryLinkStateUpdated) {
+        if (mFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(iface, up)) {
             broadcastInterfaceStateChange(iface);
         }
+        // If updateInterfaceLinkState returns false, the interface is already in the correct state.
+        // Always return success.
+        cb.onResult(iface);
     }
 
     private void maybeUpdateServerModeInterfaceState(String iface, boolean available) {
-        if (available == mTetheredInterfaceWasAvailable || !iface.equals(mDefaultInterface)) return;
+        if (available == mTetheredInterfaceWasAvailable || !iface.equals(mTetheringInterface)) {
+            return;
+        }
 
         Log.d(TAG, (available ? "Tracking" : "No longer tracking")
                 + " interface in server mode: " + iface);
@@ -582,26 +677,21 @@
     }
 
     private void maybeTrackInterface(String iface) {
-        if (!iface.matches(mIfaceMatch)) {
+        if (!isValidEthernetInterface(iface)) {
             return;
         }
 
         // If we don't already track this interface, and if this interface matches
         // our regex, start tracking it.
-        if (mFactory.hasInterface(iface) || iface.equals(mDefaultInterface)) {
+        if (mFactory.hasInterface(iface) || iface.equals(mTetheringInterface)) {
             if (DBG) Log.w(TAG, "Ignoring already-tracked interface " + iface);
             return;
         }
         if (DBG) Log.i(TAG, "maybeTrackInterface: " + iface);
 
-        // TODO: avoid making an interface default if it has configured NetworkCapabilities.
-        if (mDefaultInterface == null) {
-            mDefaultInterface = iface;
-        }
-
-        if (mIpConfigForDefaultInterface != null) {
-            updateIpConfiguration(iface, mIpConfigForDefaultInterface);
-            mIpConfigForDefaultInterface = null;
+        // Do not use an interface for tethering if it has configured NetworkCapabilities.
+        if (mTetheringInterface == null && !mNetworkCapabilities.containsKey(iface)) {
+            mTetheringInterface = iface;
         }
 
         addInterface(iface);
@@ -620,33 +710,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private class InterfaceObserver extends BaseNetdUnsolicitedEventListener {
-
-        @Override
-        public void onInterfaceLinkStateChanged(String iface, boolean up) {
-            if (DBG) {
-                Log.i(TAG, "interfaceLinkStateChanged, iface: " + iface + ", up: " + up);
-            }
-            mHandler.post(() -> updateInterfaceState(iface, up));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onInterfaceAdded(String iface) {
-            if (DBG) {
-                Log.i(TAG, "onInterfaceAdded, iface: " + iface);
-            }
-            mHandler.post(() -> maybeTrackInterface(iface));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onInterfaceRemoved(String iface) {
-            if (DBG) {
-                Log.i(TAG, "onInterfaceRemoved, iface: " + iface);
-            }
-            mHandler.post(() -> stopTrackingInterface(iface));
-        }
-    }
-
     private static class ListenerInfo {
 
         boolean canUseRestrictedNetworks = false;
@@ -843,12 +906,8 @@
         return ret;
     }
 
-    private void updateIfaceMatchRegexp() {
-        final String match = mDeps.getInterfaceRegexFromResource(mContext);
-        mIfaceMatch = mIncludeTestInterfaces
-                ? "(" + match + "|" + TEST_IFACE_REGEXP + ")"
-                : match;
-        Log.d(TAG, "Interface match regexp set to '" + mIfaceMatch + "'");
+    private boolean isValidEthernetInterface(String iface) {
+        return iface.matches(mIfaceMatch) || isValidTestInterface(iface);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -922,9 +981,11 @@
     void dump(FileDescriptor fd, IndentingPrintWriter pw, String[] args) {
         postAndWaitForRunnable(() -> {
             pw.println(getClass().getSimpleName());
+            pw.println("Ethernet State: "
+                    + (mEthernetState == ETHERNET_STATE_ENABLED ? "enabled" : "disabled"));
             pw.println("Ethernet interface name filter: " + mIfaceMatch);
-            pw.println("Default interface: " + mDefaultInterface);
-            pw.println("Default interface mode: " + mDefaultInterfaceMode);
+            pw.println("Interface used for tethering: " + mTetheringInterface);
+            pw.println("Tethering interface mode: " + mTetheringInterfaceMode);
             pw.println("Tethered interface requests: "
                     + mTetheredInterfaceRequests.getRegisteredCallbackCount());
             pw.println("Listeners: " + mListeners.getRegisteredCallbackCount());
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/BpfInterfaceMapUpdater.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/BpfInterfaceMapUpdater.java
index 25c88eb..ceae9ba 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/BpfInterfaceMapUpdater.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/BpfInterfaceMapUpdater.java
@@ -22,14 +22,16 @@
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
+import android.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.net.module.util.BaseNetdUnsolicitedEventListener;
+import com.android.net.module.util.BpfDump;
 import com.android.net.module.util.BpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.InterfaceParams;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.U32;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.S32;
 
 /**
  * Monitor interface added (without removed) and right interface name and its index to bpf map.
@@ -38,8 +40,8 @@
     private static final String TAG = BpfInterfaceMapUpdater.class.getSimpleName();
     // This is current path but may be changed soon.
     private static final String IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/map_netd_iface_index_name_map";
-    private final IBpfMap<U32, InterfaceMapValue> mBpfMap;
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_iface_index_name_map";
+    private final IBpfMap<S32, InterfaceMapValue> mBpfMap;
     private final INetd mNetd;
     private final Handler mHandler;
     private final Dependencies mDeps;
@@ -62,10 +64,10 @@
     @VisibleForTesting
     public static class Dependencies {
         /** Create BpfMap for updating interface and index mapping. */
-        public IBpfMap<U32, InterfaceMapValue> getInterfaceMap() {
+        public IBpfMap<S32, InterfaceMapValue> getInterfaceMap() {
             try {
                 return new BpfMap<>(IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_PATH, BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR,
-                    U32.class, InterfaceMapValue.class);
+                    S32.class, InterfaceMapValue.class);
             } catch (ErrnoException e) {
                 Log.e(TAG, "Cannot create interface map: " + e);
                 return null;
@@ -124,7 +126,7 @@
         }
 
         try {
-            mBpfMap.updateEntry(new U32(iface.index), new InterfaceMapValue(ifaceName));
+            mBpfMap.updateEntry(new S32(iface.index), new InterfaceMapValue(ifaceName));
         } catch (ErrnoException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "Unable to update entry for " + ifaceName + ", " + e);
         }
@@ -136,4 +138,37 @@
             mHandler.post(() -> addInterface(ifName));
         }
     }
+
+    /** get interface name by interface index from bpf map */
+    public String getIfNameByIndex(final int index) {
+        try {
+            final InterfaceMapValue value = mBpfMap.getValue(new S32(index));
+            if (value == null) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "No if name entry for index " + index);
+                return null;
+            }
+            return value.getInterfaceNameString();
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get entry for index " + index + ": " + e);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dump BPF map
+     *
+     * @param pw print writer
+     */
+    public void dump(final IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        pw.println("BPF map status:");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
+        BpfDump.dumpMapStatus(mBpfMap, pw, "IfaceIndexNameMap", IFACE_INDEX_NAME_MAP_PATH);
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
+        pw.println("BPF map content:");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
+        BpfDump.dumpMap(mBpfMap, pw, "IfaceIndexNameMap",
+                (key, value) -> "ifaceIndex=" + key.val
+                        + " ifaceName=" + value.getInterfaceNameString());
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/CookieTagMapKey.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/CookieTagMapKey.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 443e5b3..0000000
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/CookieTagMapKey.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.server.net;
-
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
-
-/**
- * Key for cookie tag map.
- */
-public class CookieTagMapKey extends Struct {
-    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S64)
-    public final long socketCookie;
-
-    public CookieTagMapKey(final long socketCookie) {
-        this.socketCookie = socketCookie;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/CookieTagMapValue.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/CookieTagMapValue.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 93b9195..0000000
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/CookieTagMapValue.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package com.android.server.net;
-
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
-
-/**
- * Value for cookie tag map.
- */
-public class CookieTagMapValue extends Struct {
-    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.U32)
-    public final long uid;
-
-    @Field(order = 1, type = Type.U32)
-    public final long tag;
-
-    public CookieTagMapValue(final long uid, final long tag) {
-        this.uid = uid;
-        this.tag = tag;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/InterfaceMapValue.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/InterfaceMapValue.java
index 42c0044..95da981 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/InterfaceMapValue.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/InterfaceMapValue.java
@@ -16,20 +16,45 @@
 package com.android.server.net;
 
 import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Field;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.Type;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
 
 /**
  * The value of bpf interface index map which is used for NetworkStatsService.
  */
 public class InterfaceMapValue extends Struct {
+    private static final int IF_NAME_SIZE = 16;
+
     @Field(order = 0, type = Type.ByteArray, arraysize = 16)
     public final byte[] interfaceName;
 
     public InterfaceMapValue(String iface) {
-        final byte[] ifaceArray = iface.getBytes();
-        interfaceName = new byte[16];
         // All array bytes after the interface name, if any, must be 0.
-        System.arraycopy(ifaceArray, 0, interfaceName, 0, ifaceArray.length);
+        interfaceName = Arrays.copyOf(iface.getBytes(), IF_NAME_SIZE);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor for Struct#parse. Build this struct from byte array of interface name.
+     *
+     * @param ifName Byte array of interface name, length is expected to be IF_NAME_SIZE(16).
+     *               If longer or shorter, interface name will be truncated or padded with zeros.
+     *               All array bytes after the interface name, if any, must be 0.
+     */
+    public InterfaceMapValue(final byte[] ifName) {
+        interfaceName = Arrays.copyOf(ifName, IF_NAME_SIZE);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the length of the null-terminated string. */
+    private int strlen(byte[] str) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < str.length; ++i) {
+            if (str[i] == '\0') {
+                return i;
+            }
+        }
+        return str.length;
+    }
+
+    public String getInterfaceNameString() {
+        return new String(interfaceName, 0 /* offset */,  strlen(interfaceName));
     }
 }
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsFactory.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsFactory.java
index 3b93f1a..8161f50 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsFactory.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsFactory.java
@@ -17,9 +17,7 @@
 package com.android.server.net;
 
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.INTERFACES_ALL;
-import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_ALL;
-import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.UID_ALL;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
@@ -28,19 +26,12 @@
 import android.net.NetworkStats;
 import android.net.UnderlyingNetworkInfo;
 import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
-import android.os.StrictMode;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
-import com.android.internal.util.ProcFileReader;
-import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
 import com.android.server.BpfNetMaps;
 
-import libcore.io.IoUtils;
-
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.ProtocolException;
 import java.util.Arrays;
@@ -61,18 +52,6 @@
 
     private static final String TAG = "NetworkStatsFactory";
 
-    private static final boolean USE_NATIVE_PARSING = true;
-    private static final boolean VALIDATE_NATIVE_STATS = false;
-
-    /** Path to {@code /proc/net/xt_qtaguid/iface_stat_all}. */
-    private final File mStatsXtIfaceAll;
-    /** Path to {@code /proc/net/xt_qtaguid/iface_stat_fmt}. */
-    private final File mStatsXtIfaceFmt;
-    /** Path to {@code /proc/net/xt_qtaguid/stats}. */
-    private final File mStatsXtUid;
-
-    private final boolean mUseBpfStats;
-
     private final Context mContext;
 
     private final BpfNetMaps mBpfNetMaps;
@@ -96,6 +75,48 @@
     @GuardedBy("mPersistentDataLock")
     private NetworkStats mTunAnd464xlatAdjustedStats;
 
+    private final Dependencies mDeps;
+    /**
+     * Dependencies of NetworkStatsFactory, for injection in tests.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static class Dependencies {
+        /**
+         * Parse detailed statistics from bpf into given {@link NetworkStats} object. Values
+         * are expected to monotonically increase since device boot.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public NetworkStats getNetworkStatsDetail(int limitUid, @Nullable String[] limitIfaces,
+                int limitTag) throws IOException {
+            final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), 0);
+            // TODO: remove both path and useBpfStats arguments.
+            // The path is never used if useBpfStats is true.
+            final int ret = nativeReadNetworkStatsDetail(stats, limitUid, limitIfaces, limitTag);
+            if (ret != 0) {
+                throw new IOException("Failed to parse network stats");
+            }
+            return stats;
+        }
+        /**
+         * Parse device summary statistics from bpf into given {@link NetworkStats} object. Values
+         * are expected to monotonically increase since device boot.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public NetworkStats getNetworkStatsDev() throws IOException {
+            final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), 6);
+            final int ret = nativeReadNetworkStatsDev(stats);
+            if (ret != 0) {
+                throw new IOException("Failed to parse bpf iface stats");
+            }
+            return stats;
+        }
+
+        /** Create a new {@link BpfNetMaps}. */
+        public BpfNetMaps createBpfNetMaps(@NonNull Context ctx) {
+            return new BpfNetMaps(ctx);
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * (Stacked interface) -> (base interface) association for all connected ifaces since boot.
      *
@@ -164,29 +185,18 @@
     }
 
     public NetworkStatsFactory(@NonNull Context ctx) {
-        this(ctx, new File("/proc/"), true);
+        this(ctx, new Dependencies());
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    public NetworkStatsFactory(@NonNull Context ctx, File procRoot, boolean useBpfStats) {
-        mStatsXtIfaceAll = new File(procRoot, "net/xt_qtaguid/iface_stat_all");
-        mStatsXtIfaceFmt = new File(procRoot, "net/xt_qtaguid/iface_stat_fmt");
-        mStatsXtUid = new File(procRoot, "net/xt_qtaguid/stats");
-        mUseBpfStats = useBpfStats;
-        mBpfNetMaps = new BpfNetMaps();
+    public NetworkStatsFactory(@NonNull Context ctx, Dependencies deps) {
+        mBpfNetMaps = deps.createBpfNetMaps(ctx);
         synchronized (mPersistentDataLock) {
             mPersistSnapshot = new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), -1);
             mTunAnd464xlatAdjustedStats = new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), -1);
         }
         mContext = ctx;
-    }
-
-    public NetworkStats readBpfNetworkStatsDev() throws IOException {
-        final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), 6);
-        if (nativeReadNetworkStatsDev(stats) != 0) {
-            throw new IOException("Failed to parse bpf iface stats");
-        }
-        return stats;
+        mDeps = deps;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -194,106 +204,18 @@
      * using {@code /proc/net/dev} style hooks, which may include non IP layer
      * traffic. Values monotonically increase since device boot, and may include
      * details about inactive interfaces.
-     *
-     * @throws IllegalStateException when problem parsing stats.
      */
     public NetworkStats readNetworkStatsSummaryDev() throws IOException {
-
-        // Return xt_bpf stats if switched to bpf module.
-        if (mUseBpfStats)
-            return readBpfNetworkStatsDev();
-
-        final StrictMode.ThreadPolicy savedPolicy = StrictMode.allowThreadDiskReads();
-
-        final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), 6);
-        final NetworkStats.Entry entry = new NetworkStats.Entry();
-
-        ProcFileReader reader = null;
-        try {
-            reader = new ProcFileReader(new FileInputStream(mStatsXtIfaceAll));
-
-            while (reader.hasMoreData()) {
-                entry.iface = reader.nextString();
-                entry.uid = UID_ALL;
-                entry.set = SET_ALL;
-                entry.tag = TAG_NONE;
-
-                final boolean active = reader.nextInt() != 0;
-
-                // always include snapshot values
-                entry.rxBytes = reader.nextLong();
-                entry.rxPackets = reader.nextLong();
-                entry.txBytes = reader.nextLong();
-                entry.txPackets = reader.nextLong();
-
-                // fold in active numbers, but only when active
-                if (active) {
-                    entry.rxBytes += reader.nextLong();
-                    entry.rxPackets += reader.nextLong();
-                    entry.txBytes += reader.nextLong();
-                    entry.txPackets += reader.nextLong();
-                }
-
-                stats.insertEntry(entry);
-                reader.finishLine();
-            }
-        } catch (NullPointerException|NumberFormatException e) {
-            throw protocolExceptionWithCause("problem parsing stats", e);
-        } finally {
-            IoUtils.closeQuietly(reader);
-            StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(savedPolicy);
-        }
-        return stats;
+        return mDeps.getNetworkStatsDev();
     }
 
     /**
      * Parse and return interface-level summary {@link NetworkStats}. Designed
      * to return only IP layer traffic. Values monotonically increase since
      * device boot, and may include details about inactive interfaces.
-     *
-     * @throws IllegalStateException when problem parsing stats.
      */
     public NetworkStats readNetworkStatsSummaryXt() throws IOException {
-
-        // Return xt_bpf stats if qtaguid  module is replaced.
-        if (mUseBpfStats)
-            return readBpfNetworkStatsDev();
-
-        final StrictMode.ThreadPolicy savedPolicy = StrictMode.allowThreadDiskReads();
-
-        // return null when kernel doesn't support
-        if (!mStatsXtIfaceFmt.exists()) return null;
-
-        final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), 6);
-        final NetworkStats.Entry entry = new NetworkStats.Entry();
-
-        ProcFileReader reader = null;
-        try {
-            // open and consume header line
-            reader = new ProcFileReader(new FileInputStream(mStatsXtIfaceFmt));
-            reader.finishLine();
-
-            while (reader.hasMoreData()) {
-                entry.iface = reader.nextString();
-                entry.uid = UID_ALL;
-                entry.set = SET_ALL;
-                entry.tag = TAG_NONE;
-
-                entry.rxBytes = reader.nextLong();
-                entry.rxPackets = reader.nextLong();
-                entry.txBytes = reader.nextLong();
-                entry.txPackets = reader.nextLong();
-
-                stats.insertEntry(entry);
-                reader.finishLine();
-            }
-        } catch (NullPointerException|NumberFormatException e) {
-            throw protocolExceptionWithCause("problem parsing stats", e);
-        } finally {
-            IoUtils.closeQuietly(reader);
-            StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(savedPolicy);
-        }
-        return stats;
+        return mDeps.getNetworkStatsDev();
     }
 
     public NetworkStats readNetworkStatsDetail() throws IOException {
@@ -330,38 +252,14 @@
             // Take a defensive copy. mPersistSnapshot is mutated in some cases below
             final NetworkStats prev = mPersistSnapshot.clone();
 
-            if (USE_NATIVE_PARSING) {
-                final NetworkStats stats =
-                        new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), 0 /* initialSize */);
-                if (mUseBpfStats) {
-                    requestSwapActiveStatsMapLocked();
-                    // Stats are always read from the inactive map, so they must be read after the
-                    // swap
-                    if (nativeReadNetworkStatsDetail(stats, mStatsXtUid.getAbsolutePath(), UID_ALL,
-                            INTERFACES_ALL, TAG_ALL, mUseBpfStats) != 0) {
-                        throw new IOException("Failed to parse network stats");
-                    }
-
-                    // BPF stats are incremental; fold into mPersistSnapshot.
-                    mPersistSnapshot.setElapsedRealtime(stats.getElapsedRealtime());
-                    mPersistSnapshot.combineAllValues(stats);
-                } else {
-                    if (nativeReadNetworkStatsDetail(stats, mStatsXtUid.getAbsolutePath(), UID_ALL,
-                            INTERFACES_ALL, TAG_ALL, mUseBpfStats) != 0) {
-                        throw new IOException("Failed to parse network stats");
-                    }
-                    if (VALIDATE_NATIVE_STATS) {
-                        final NetworkStats javaStats = javaReadNetworkStatsDetail(mStatsXtUid,
-                                UID_ALL, INTERFACES_ALL, TAG_ALL);
-                        assertEquals(javaStats, stats);
-                    }
-
-                    mPersistSnapshot = stats;
-                }
-            } else {
-                mPersistSnapshot = javaReadNetworkStatsDetail(mStatsXtUid, UID_ALL, INTERFACES_ALL,
-                        TAG_ALL);
-            }
+            requestSwapActiveStatsMapLocked();
+            // Stats are always read from the inactive map, so they must be read after the
+            // swap
+            final NetworkStats stats = mDeps.getNetworkStatsDetail(
+                    UID_ALL, INTERFACES_ALL, TAG_ALL);
+            // BPF stats are incremental; fold into mPersistSnapshot.
+            mPersistSnapshot.setElapsedRealtime(stats.getElapsedRealtime());
+            mPersistSnapshot.combineAllValues(stats);
 
             NetworkStats adjustedStats = adjustForTunAnd464Xlat(mPersistSnapshot, prev, vpnArray);
 
@@ -399,60 +297,14 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Parse and return {@link NetworkStats} with UID-level details. Values are
-     * expected to monotonically increase since device boot.
+     * Remove stats from {@code mPersistSnapshot} and {@code mTunAnd464xlatAdjustedStats} for the
+     * given uids.
      */
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    public static NetworkStats javaReadNetworkStatsDetail(File detailPath, int limitUid,
-            String[] limitIfaces, int limitTag)
-            throws IOException {
-        final StrictMode.ThreadPolicy savedPolicy = StrictMode.allowThreadDiskReads();
-
-        final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), 24);
-        final NetworkStats.Entry entry = new NetworkStats.Entry();
-
-        int idx = 1;
-        int lastIdx = 1;
-
-        ProcFileReader reader = null;
-        try {
-            // open and consume header line
-            reader = new ProcFileReader(new FileInputStream(detailPath));
-            reader.finishLine();
-
-            while (reader.hasMoreData()) {
-                idx = reader.nextInt();
-                if (idx != lastIdx + 1) {
-                    throw new ProtocolException(
-                            "inconsistent idx=" + idx + " after lastIdx=" + lastIdx);
-                }
-                lastIdx = idx;
-
-                entry.iface = reader.nextString();
-                entry.tag = kernelToTag(reader.nextString());
-                entry.uid = reader.nextInt();
-                entry.set = reader.nextInt();
-                entry.rxBytes = reader.nextLong();
-                entry.rxPackets = reader.nextLong();
-                entry.txBytes = reader.nextLong();
-                entry.txPackets = reader.nextLong();
-
-                if ((limitIfaces == null || CollectionUtils.contains(limitIfaces, entry.iface))
-                        && (limitUid == UID_ALL || limitUid == entry.uid)
-                        && (limitTag == TAG_ALL || limitTag == entry.tag)) {
-                    stats.insertEntry(entry);
-                }
-
-                reader.finishLine();
-            }
-        } catch (NullPointerException|NumberFormatException e) {
-            throw protocolExceptionWithCause("problem parsing idx " + idx, e);
-        } finally {
-            IoUtils.closeQuietly(reader);
-            StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(savedPolicy);
+    public void removeUidsLocked(int[] uids) {
+        synchronized (mPersistentDataLock) {
+            mPersistSnapshot.removeUids(uids);
+            mTunAnd464xlatAdjustedStats.removeUids(uids);
         }
-
-        return stats;
     }
 
     public void assertEquals(NetworkStats expected, NetworkStats actual) {
@@ -491,8 +343,8 @@
      * are expected to monotonically increase since device boot.
      */
     @VisibleForTesting
-    public static native int nativeReadNetworkStatsDetail(NetworkStats stats, String path,
-        int limitUid, String[] limitIfaces, int limitTag, boolean useBpfStats);
+    public static native int nativeReadNetworkStatsDetail(NetworkStats stats, int limitUid,
+            String[] limitIfaces, int limitTag);
 
     @VisibleForTesting
     public static native int nativeReadNetworkStatsDev(NetworkStats stats);
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObservers.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObservers.java
index fdfc893..1cd670a 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObservers.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObservers.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 import static android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.MIN_THRESHOLD_BYTES;
 
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
@@ -38,10 +39,12 @@
 import android.os.Process;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.ArrayMap;
+import android.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.net.module.util.PerUidCounter;
 
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 
@@ -52,16 +55,26 @@
  */
 class NetworkStatsObservers {
     private static final String TAG = "NetworkStatsObservers";
+    private static final boolean LOG = true;
     private static final boolean LOGV = false;
 
     private static final int MSG_REGISTER = 1;
     private static final int MSG_UNREGISTER = 2;
     private static final int MSG_UPDATE_STATS = 3;
 
+    private static final int DUMP_USAGE_REQUESTS_COUNT = 200;
+
+    // The maximum number of request allowed per uid before an exception is thrown.
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int MAX_REQUESTS_PER_UID = 100;
+
     // All access to this map must be done from the handler thread.
     // indexed by DataUsageRequest#requestId
     private final SparseArray<RequestInfo> mDataUsageRequests = new SparseArray<>();
 
+    // Request counters per uid, this is thread safe.
+    private final PerUidCounter mDataUsageRequestsPerUid = new PerUidCounter(MAX_REQUESTS_PER_UID);
+
     // Sequence number of DataUsageRequests
     private final AtomicInteger mNextDataUsageRequestId = new AtomicInteger();
 
@@ -77,13 +90,16 @@
      *
      * @return the normalized request wrapped within {@link RequestInfo}.
      */
-    public DataUsageRequest register(Context context, DataUsageRequest inputRequest,
-            IUsageCallback callback, int callingUid, @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int accessLevel) {
+    public DataUsageRequest register(@NonNull Context context,
+            @NonNull DataUsageRequest inputRequest, @NonNull IUsageCallback callback,
+            int callingPid, int callingUid, @NonNull String callingPackage,
+            @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int accessLevel) {
         DataUsageRequest request = buildRequest(context, inputRequest, callingUid);
-        RequestInfo requestInfo = buildRequestInfo(request, callback, callingUid,
-                accessLevel);
+        RequestInfo requestInfo = buildRequestInfo(request, callback, callingPid, callingUid,
+                callingPackage, accessLevel);
+        if (LOG) Log.d(TAG, "Registering observer for " + requestInfo);
+        mDataUsageRequestsPerUid.incrementCountOrThrow(callingUid);
 
-        if (LOGV) Log.v(TAG, "Registering observer for " + request);
         getHandler().sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_REGISTER, requestInfo));
         return request;
     }
@@ -172,7 +188,7 @@
         RequestInfo requestInfo;
         requestInfo = mDataUsageRequests.get(request.requestId);
         if (requestInfo == null) {
-            if (LOGV) Log.v(TAG, "Trying to unregister unknown request " + request);
+            if (LOG) Log.d(TAG, "Trying to unregister unknown request " + request);
             return;
         }
         if (Process.SYSTEM_UID != callingUid && requestInfo.mCallingUid != callingUid) {
@@ -180,8 +196,9 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        if (LOGV) Log.v(TAG, "Unregistering " + request);
+        if (LOG) Log.d(TAG, "Unregistering " + requestInfo);
         mDataUsageRequests.remove(request.requestId);
+        mDataUsageRequestsPerUid.decrementCountOrThrow(requestInfo.mCallingUid);
         requestInfo.unlinkDeathRecipient();
         requestInfo.callCallback(NetworkStatsManager.CALLBACK_RELEASED);
     }
@@ -214,18 +231,19 @@
     }
 
     private RequestInfo buildRequestInfo(DataUsageRequest request, IUsageCallback callback,
-            int callingUid, @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int accessLevel) {
+            int callingPid, int callingUid, @NonNull String callingPackage,
+            @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int accessLevel) {
         if (accessLevel <= NetworkStatsAccess.Level.USER) {
-            return new UserUsageRequestInfo(this, request, callback, callingUid,
-                    accessLevel);
+            return new UserUsageRequestInfo(this, request, callback, callingPid,
+                    callingUid, callingPackage, accessLevel);
         } else {
             // Safety check in case a new access level is added and we forgot to update this
             if (accessLevel < NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICESUMMARY) {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                         "accessLevel " + accessLevel + " is less than DEVICESUMMARY.");
             }
-            return new NetworkUsageRequestInfo(this, request, callback, callingUid,
-                    accessLevel);
+            return new NetworkUsageRequestInfo(this, request, callback, callingPid,
+                    callingUid, callingPackage, accessLevel);
         }
     }
 
@@ -237,18 +255,22 @@
         private final NetworkStatsObservers mStatsObserver;
         protected final DataUsageRequest mRequest;
         private final IUsageCallback mCallback;
+        protected final int mCallingPid;
         protected final int mCallingUid;
+        protected final String mCallingPackage;
         protected final @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int mAccessLevel;
         protected NetworkStatsRecorder mRecorder;
         protected NetworkStatsCollection mCollection;
 
         RequestInfo(NetworkStatsObservers statsObserver, DataUsageRequest request,
-                IUsageCallback callback, int callingUid,
-                    @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int accessLevel) {
+                IUsageCallback callback, int callingPid, int callingUid,
+                @NonNull String callingPackage, @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int accessLevel) {
             mStatsObserver = statsObserver;
             mRequest = request;
             mCallback = callback;
+            mCallingPid = callingPid;
             mCallingUid = callingUid;
+            mCallingPackage = callingPackage;
             mAccessLevel = accessLevel;
 
             try {
@@ -269,7 +291,8 @@
 
         @Override
         public String toString() {
-            return "RequestInfo from uid:" + mCallingUid
+            return "RequestInfo from pid/uid:" + mCallingPid + "/" + mCallingUid
+                    + "(" + mCallingPackage + ")"
                     + " for " + mRequest + " accessLevel:" + mAccessLevel;
         }
 
@@ -338,9 +361,10 @@
 
     private static class NetworkUsageRequestInfo extends RequestInfo {
         NetworkUsageRequestInfo(NetworkStatsObservers statsObserver, DataUsageRequest request,
-                IUsageCallback callback, int callingUid,
-                    @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int accessLevel) {
-            super(statsObserver, request, callback, callingUid, accessLevel);
+                IUsageCallback callback, int callingPid, int callingUid,
+                @NonNull String callingPackage, @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int accessLevel) {
+            super(statsObserver, request, callback, callingPid, callingUid, callingPackage,
+                    accessLevel);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -380,9 +404,10 @@
 
     private static class UserUsageRequestInfo extends RequestInfo {
         UserUsageRequestInfo(NetworkStatsObservers statsObserver, DataUsageRequest request,
-                    IUsageCallback callback, int callingUid,
-                    @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int accessLevel) {
-            super(statsObserver, request, callback, callingUid, accessLevel);
+                IUsageCallback callback, int callingPid, int callingUid,
+                @NonNull String callingPackage, @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int accessLevel) {
+            super(statsObserver, request, callback, callingPid, callingUid,
+                    callingPackage, accessLevel);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -448,4 +473,10 @@
             mCurrentTime = currentTime;
         }
     }
+
+    public void dump(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < Math.min(mDataUsageRequests.size(), DUMP_USAGE_REQUESTS_COUNT); i++) {
+            pw.println(mDataUsageRequests.valueAt(i));
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsRecorder.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsRecorder.java
index f62765d..3da1585 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsRecorder.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsRecorder.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import static android.net.TrafficStats.MB_IN_BYTES;
 import static android.text.format.DateUtils.YEAR_IN_MILLIS;
 
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.net.NetworkIdentitySet;
 import android.net.NetworkStats;
 import android.net.NetworkStats.NonMonotonicObserver;
@@ -42,7 +43,6 @@
 import libcore.io.IoUtils;
 
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
-import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
 
     private static final String TAG_NETSTATS_DUMP = "netstats_dump";
 
-    /** Dump before deleting in {@link #recoverFromWtf()}. */
+    /** Dump before deleting in {@link #recoverAndDeleteData()}. */
     private static final boolean DUMP_BEFORE_DELETE = true;
 
     private final FileRotator mRotator;
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@
 
     private final long mBucketDuration;
     private final boolean mOnlyTags;
+    private final boolean mWipeOnError;
 
     private long mPersistThresholdBytes = 2 * MB_IN_BYTES;
     private NetworkStats mLastSnapshot;
@@ -102,6 +103,7 @@
         // slack to avoid overflow
         mBucketDuration = YEAR_IN_MILLIS;
         mOnlyTags = false;
+        mWipeOnError = true;
 
         mPending = null;
         mSinceBoot = new NetworkStatsCollection(mBucketDuration);
@@ -113,7 +115,8 @@
      * Persisted recorder.
      */
     public NetworkStatsRecorder(FileRotator rotator, NonMonotonicObserver<String> observer,
-            DropBoxManager dropBox, String cookie, long bucketDuration, boolean onlyTags) {
+            DropBoxManager dropBox, String cookie, long bucketDuration, boolean onlyTags,
+            boolean wipeOnError) {
         mRotator = Objects.requireNonNull(rotator, "missing FileRotator");
         mObserver = Objects.requireNonNull(observer, "missing NonMonotonicObserver");
         mDropBox = Objects.requireNonNull(dropBox, "missing DropBoxManager");
@@ -121,6 +124,7 @@
 
         mBucketDuration = bucketDuration;
         mOnlyTags = onlyTags;
+        mWipeOnError = wipeOnError;
 
         mPending = new NetworkStatsCollection(bucketDuration);
         mSinceBoot = new NetworkStatsCollection(bucketDuration);
@@ -156,6 +160,15 @@
         return mSinceBoot;
     }
 
+    public long getBucketDuration() {
+        return mBucketDuration;
+    }
+
+    @NonNull
+    public String getCookie() {
+        return mCookie;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Load complete history represented by {@link FileRotator}. Caches
      * internally as a {@link WeakReference}, and updated with future
@@ -189,10 +202,10 @@
             res.recordCollection(mPending);
         } catch (IOException e) {
             Log.wtf(TAG, "problem completely reading network stats", e);
-            recoverFromWtf();
+            recoverAndDeleteData();
         } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
             Log.wtf(TAG, "problem completely reading network stats", e);
-            recoverFromWtf();
+            recoverAndDeleteData();
         }
         return res;
     }
@@ -300,10 +313,10 @@
                 mPending.reset();
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 Log.wtf(TAG, "problem persisting pending stats", e);
-                recoverFromWtf();
+                recoverAndDeleteData();
             } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
                 Log.wtf(TAG, "problem persisting pending stats", e);
-                recoverFromWtf();
+                recoverAndDeleteData();
             }
         }
     }
@@ -319,10 +332,10 @@
                 mRotator.rewriteAll(new RemoveUidRewriter(mBucketDuration, uids));
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 Log.wtf(TAG, "problem removing UIDs " + Arrays.toString(uids), e);
-                recoverFromWtf();
+                recoverAndDeleteData();
             } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
                 Log.wtf(TAG, "problem removing UIDs " + Arrays.toString(uids), e);
-                recoverFromWtf();
+                recoverAndDeleteData();
             }
         }
 
@@ -347,8 +360,7 @@
 
     /**
      * Rewriter that will combine current {@link NetworkStatsCollection} values
-     * with anything read from disk, and write combined set to disk. Clears the
-     * original {@link NetworkStatsCollection} when finished writing.
+     * with anything read from disk, and write combined set to disk.
      */
     private static class CombiningRewriter implements FileRotator.Rewriter {
         private final NetworkStatsCollection mCollection;
@@ -375,7 +387,6 @@
         @Override
         public void write(OutputStream out) throws IOException {
             mCollection.write(out);
-            mCollection.reset();
         }
     }
 
@@ -415,43 +426,87 @@
         }
     }
 
-    public void importLegacyNetworkLocked(File file) throws IOException {
-        Objects.requireNonNull(mRotator, "missing FileRotator");
+    /**
+     * Import a specified {@link NetworkStatsCollection} instance into this recorder,
+     * and write it into a standalone file.
+     * @param collection The target {@link NetworkStatsCollection} instance to be imported.
+     */
+    public void importCollectionLocked(@NonNull NetworkStatsCollection collection)
+            throws IOException {
+        if (mRotator != null) {
+            mRotator.rewriteSingle(new CombiningRewriter(collection), collection.getStartMillis(),
+                    collection.getEndMillis());
+        }
 
-        // legacy file still exists; start empty to avoid double importing
-        mRotator.deleteAll();
-
-        final NetworkStatsCollection collection = new NetworkStatsCollection(mBucketDuration);
-        collection.readLegacyNetwork(file);
-
-        final long startMillis = collection.getStartMillis();
-        final long endMillis = collection.getEndMillis();
-
-        if (!collection.isEmpty()) {
-            // process legacy data, creating active file at starting time, then
-            // using end time to possibly trigger rotation.
-            mRotator.rewriteActive(new CombiningRewriter(collection), startMillis);
-            mRotator.maybeRotate(endMillis);
+        if (mComplete != null) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("cannot import data when data already loaded");
         }
     }
 
-    public void importLegacyUidLocked(File file) throws IOException {
-        Objects.requireNonNull(mRotator, "missing FileRotator");
+    /**
+     * Rewriter that will remove any histories or persisted data points before the
+     * specified cutoff time, only writing data back when modified.
+     */
+    public static class RemoveDataBeforeRewriter implements FileRotator.Rewriter {
+        private final NetworkStatsCollection mTemp;
+        private final long mCutoffMills;
 
-        // legacy file still exists; start empty to avoid double importing
-        mRotator.deleteAll();
+        public RemoveDataBeforeRewriter(long bucketDuration, long cutoffMills) {
+            mTemp = new NetworkStatsCollection(bucketDuration);
+            mCutoffMills = cutoffMills;
+        }
 
-        final NetworkStatsCollection collection = new NetworkStatsCollection(mBucketDuration);
-        collection.readLegacyUid(file, mOnlyTags);
+        @Override
+        public void reset() {
+            mTemp.reset();
+        }
 
-        final long startMillis = collection.getStartMillis();
-        final long endMillis = collection.getEndMillis();
+        @Override
+        public void read(InputStream in) throws IOException {
+            mTemp.read(in);
+            mTemp.clearDirty();
+            mTemp.removeHistoryBefore(mCutoffMills);
+        }
 
-        if (!collection.isEmpty()) {
-            // process legacy data, creating active file at starting time, then
-            // using end time to possibly trigger rotation.
-            mRotator.rewriteActive(new CombiningRewriter(collection), startMillis);
-            mRotator.maybeRotate(endMillis);
+        @Override
+        public boolean shouldWrite() {
+            return mTemp.isDirty();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void write(OutputStream out) throws IOException {
+            mTemp.write(out);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Remove persisted data which contains or is before the cutoff timestamp.
+     */
+    public void removeDataBefore(long cutoffMillis) throws IOException {
+        if (mRotator != null) {
+            try {
+                mRotator.rewriteAll(new RemoveDataBeforeRewriter(
+                        mBucketDuration, cutoffMillis));
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                Log.wtf(TAG, "problem importing netstats", e);
+                recoverAndDeleteData();
+            } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
+                Log.wtf(TAG, "problem importing netstats", e);
+                recoverAndDeleteData();
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Clean up any pending stats
+        if (mPending != null) {
+            mPending.removeHistoryBefore(cutoffMillis);
+        }
+        if (mSinceBoot != null) {
+            mSinceBoot.removeHistoryBefore(cutoffMillis);
+        }
+
+        final NetworkStatsCollection complete = mComplete != null ? mComplete.get() : null;
+        if (complete != null) {
+            complete.removeHistoryBefore(cutoffMillis);
         }
     }
 
@@ -486,9 +541,10 @@
 
     /**
      * Recover from {@link FileRotator} failure by dumping state to
-     * {@link DropBoxManager} and deleting contents.
+     * {@link DropBoxManager} and deleting contents if this recorder
+     * sets {@code mWipeOnError} to true, otherwise keep the contents.
      */
-    private void recoverFromWtf() {
+    void recoverAndDeleteData() {
         if (DUMP_BEFORE_DELETE) {
             final ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
             try {
@@ -501,7 +557,9 @@
             }
             mDropBox.addData(TAG_NETSTATS_DUMP, os.toByteArray(), 0);
         }
-
-        mRotator.deleteAll();
+        // Delete all files if this recorder is set wipe on error.
+        if (mWipeOnError) {
+            mRotator.deleteAll();
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsService.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsService.java
index e3794e4..629bf73 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsService.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsService.java
@@ -24,14 +24,18 @@
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_UID_REMOVED;
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_USER_REMOVED;
 import static android.content.Intent.EXTRA_UID;
-import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.IFACE_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.IFACE_VT;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.INTERFACES_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_ALL;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_YES;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_ALL;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_FOREGROUND;
@@ -41,8 +45,8 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.UID_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStatsHistory.FIELD_ALL;
-import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateMobileWildcard;
-import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateWifiWildcard;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_WIFI;
 import static android.net.TrafficStats.KB_IN_BYTES;
 import static android.net.TrafficStats.MB_IN_BYTES;
 import static android.net.TrafficStats.UID_TETHERING;
@@ -67,6 +71,7 @@
 import android.app.AlarmManager;
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
 import android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager;
+import android.content.ApexEnvironment;
 import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
 import android.content.ContentResolver;
 import android.content.Context;
@@ -74,7 +79,10 @@
 import android.content.IntentFilter;
 import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
+import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.database.ContentObserver;
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
+import android.net.ConnectivityResources;
 import android.net.DataUsageRequest;
 import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.INetworkStatsService;
@@ -100,6 +108,7 @@
 import android.net.UnderlyingNetworkInfo;
 import android.net.Uri;
 import android.net.netstats.IUsageCallback;
+import android.net.netstats.NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils;
 import android.net.netstats.provider.INetworkStatsProvider;
 import android.net.netstats.provider.INetworkStatsProviderCallback;
 import android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider;
@@ -118,6 +127,7 @@
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.os.Trace;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
+import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
 import android.provider.Settings;
 import android.provider.Settings.Global;
 import android.service.NetworkInterfaceProto;
@@ -135,33 +145,47 @@
 import android.util.SparseIntArray;
 import android.util.proto.ProtoOutputStream;
 
+import com.android.connectivity.resources.R;
 import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.util.FileRotator;
 import com.android.net.module.util.BaseNetdUnsolicitedEventListener;
 import com.android.net.module.util.BestClock;
 import com.android.net.module.util.BinderUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.BpfDump;
 import com.android.net.module.util.BpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.DeviceConfigUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.LocationPermissionChecker;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStatsUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.PermissionUtils;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.U32;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.S32;
 import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.U8;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapValue;
+import com.android.server.BpfNetMaps;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.time.Clock;
+import java.time.Instant;
 import java.time.ZoneOffset;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
@@ -218,17 +242,35 @@
     private static final String NETSTATS_COMBINE_SUBTYPE_ENABLED =
             "netstats_combine_subtype_enabled";
 
-    // This is current path but may be changed soon.
     private static final String UID_COUNTERSET_MAP_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/map_netd_uid_counterset_map";
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_uid_counterset_map";
     private static final String COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/map_netd_cookie_tag_map";
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_cookie_tag_map";
     private static final String APP_UID_STATS_MAP_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/map_netd_app_uid_stats_map";
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_app_uid_stats_map";
     private static final String STATS_MAP_A_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/map_netd_stats_map_A";
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_stats_map_A";
     private static final String STATS_MAP_B_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/map_netd_stats_map_B";
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_stats_map_B";
+    private static final String IFACE_STATS_MAP_PATH =
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_iface_stats_map";
+
+    /**
+     * DeviceConfig flag used to indicate whether the files should be stored in the apex data
+     * directory.
+     */
+    static final String NETSTATS_STORE_FILES_IN_APEXDATA = "netstats_store_files_in_apexdata";
+    /**
+     * DeviceConfig flag is used to indicate whether the legacy files need to be imported, and
+     * retry count before giving up. Only valid when {@link #NETSTATS_STORE_FILES_IN_APEXDATA}
+     * set to true. Note that the value gets rollback when the mainline module gets rollback.
+     */
+    static final String NETSTATS_IMPORT_LEGACY_TARGET_ATTEMPTS =
+            "netstats_import_legacy_target_attempts";
+    static final int DEFAULT_NETSTATS_IMPORT_LEGACY_TARGET_ATTEMPTS = 1;
+    static final String NETSTATS_IMPORT_ATTEMPTS_COUNTER_NAME = "import.attempts";
+    static final String NETSTATS_IMPORT_SUCCESSES_COUNTER_NAME = "import.successes";
+    static final String NETSTATS_IMPORT_FALLBACKS_COUNTER_NAME = "import.fallbacks";
 
     private final Context mContext;
     private final NetworkStatsFactory mStatsFactory;
@@ -237,8 +279,7 @@
     private final NetworkStatsSettings mSettings;
     private final NetworkStatsObservers mStatsObservers;
 
-    private final File mSystemDir;
-    private final File mBaseDir;
+    private final File mStatsDir;
 
     private final PowerManager.WakeLock mWakeLock;
 
@@ -248,6 +289,13 @@
     protected INetd mNetd;
     private final AlertObserver mAlertObserver = new AlertObserver();
 
+    // Persistent counters that backed by AtomicFile which stored in the data directory as a file,
+    // to track attempts/successes/fallbacks count across reboot. Note that these counter values
+    // will be rollback as the module rollbacks.
+    private PersistentInt mImportLegacyAttemptsCounter = null;
+    private PersistentInt mImportLegacySuccessesCounter = null;
+    private PersistentInt mImportLegacyFallbacksCounter = null;
+
     @VisibleForTesting
     public static final String ACTION_NETWORK_STATS_POLL =
             "com.android.server.action.NETWORK_STATS_POLL";
@@ -267,7 +315,7 @@
         /**
          * When enabled, all mobile data is reported under {@link NetworkTemplate#NETWORK_TYPE_ALL}.
          * When disabled, mobile data is broken down by a granular ratType representative of the
-         * actual ratType. {@see android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#getCollapsedRatType}.
+         * actual ratType. See {@link android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager#getCollapsedRatType}.
          * Enabling this decreases the level of detail but saves performance, disk space and
          * amount of data logged.
          */
@@ -311,11 +359,16 @@
     @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
     private String mActiveIface;
 
-    /** Set of any ifaces associated with mobile networks since boot. */
+    /** Set of all ifaces currently associated with mobile networks. */
     private volatile String[] mMobileIfaces = new String[0];
 
-    /** Set of any ifaces associated with wifi networks since boot. */
-    private volatile String[] mWifiIfaces = new String[0];
+    /* A set of all interfaces that have ever been associated with mobile networks since boot. */
+    @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
+    private final Set<String> mAllMobileIfacesSinceBoot = new ArraySet<>();
+
+    /* A set of all interfaces that have ever been associated with wifi networks since boot. */
+    @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
+    private final Set<String> mAllWifiIfacesSinceBoot = new ArraySet<>();
 
     /** Set of all ifaces currently used by traffic that does not explicitly specify a Network. */
     @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
@@ -355,11 +408,12 @@
      * mActiveUidCounterSet to avoid accessing kernel too frequently.
      */
     private SparseIntArray mActiveUidCounterSet = new SparseIntArray();
-    private final IBpfMap<U32, U8> mUidCounterSetMap;
+    private final IBpfMap<S32, U8> mUidCounterSetMap;
     private final IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> mCookieTagMap;
     private final IBpfMap<StatsMapKey, StatsMapValue> mStatsMapA;
     private final IBpfMap<StatsMapKey, StatsMapValue> mStatsMapB;
     private final IBpfMap<UidStatsMapKey, StatsMapValue> mAppUidStatsMap;
+    private final IBpfMap<S32, StatsMapValue> mIfaceStatsMap;
 
     /** Data layer operation counters for splicing into other structures. */
     private NetworkStats mUidOperations = new NetworkStats(0L, 10);
@@ -375,9 +429,19 @@
 
     private long mLastStatsSessionPoll;
 
-    /** Map from UID to number of opened sessions */
-    @GuardedBy("mOpenSessionCallsPerUid")
+    private final Object mOpenSessionCallsLock = new Object();
+    /**
+     * Map from UID to number of opened sessions. This is used for rate-limt an app to open
+     * session frequently
+     */
+    @GuardedBy("mOpenSessionCallsLock")
     private final SparseIntArray mOpenSessionCallsPerUid = new SparseIntArray();
+    /**
+     * Map from key {@code OpenSessionKey} to count of opened sessions. This is for recording
+     * the caller of open session and it is only for debugging.
+     */
+    @GuardedBy("mOpenSessionCallsLock")
+    private final HashMap<OpenSessionKey, Integer> mOpenSessionCallsPerCaller = new HashMap<>();
 
     private final static int DUMP_STATS_SESSION_COUNT = 20;
 
@@ -393,21 +457,52 @@
     @NonNull
     private final BpfInterfaceMapUpdater mInterfaceMapUpdater;
 
-    private static @NonNull File getDefaultSystemDir() {
-        return new File(Environment.getDataDirectory(), "system");
-    }
-
-    private static @NonNull File getDefaultBaseDir() {
-        File baseDir = new File(getDefaultSystemDir(), "netstats");
-        baseDir.mkdirs();
-        return baseDir;
-    }
+    @Nullable
+    private final SkDestroyListener mSkDestroyListener;
 
     private static @NonNull Clock getDefaultClock() {
         return new BestClock(ZoneOffset.UTC, SystemClock.currentNetworkTimeClock(),
                 Clock.systemUTC());
     }
 
+    /**
+     * This class is a key that used in {@code mOpenSessionCallsPerCaller} to identify the count of
+     * the caller.
+     */
+    private static class OpenSessionKey {
+        public final int uid;
+        public final String packageName;
+
+        OpenSessionKey(int uid, @NonNull String packageName) {
+            this.uid = uid;
+            this.packageName = packageName;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            sb.append("{");
+            sb.append("uid=").append(uid).append(",");
+            sb.append("package=").append(packageName);
+            sb.append("}");
+            return sb.toString();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(@NonNull Object o) {
+            if (this == o) return true;
+            if (o.getClass() != getClass()) return false;
+
+            final OpenSessionKey key = (OpenSessionKey) o;
+            return this.uid == key.uid && TextUtils.equals(this.packageName, key.packageName);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return Objects.hash(uid, packageName);
+        }
+    }
+
     private final class NetworkStatsHandler extends Handler {
         NetworkStatsHandler(@NonNull Looper looper) {
             super(looper);
@@ -456,8 +551,7 @@
                 INetd.Stub.asInterface((IBinder) context.getSystemService(Context.NETD_SERVICE)),
                 alarmManager, wakeLock, getDefaultClock(),
                 new DefaultNetworkStatsSettings(), new NetworkStatsFactory(context),
-                new NetworkStatsObservers(), getDefaultSystemDir(), getDefaultBaseDir(),
-                new Dependencies());
+                new NetworkStatsObservers(), new Dependencies());
 
         return service;
     }
@@ -467,8 +561,8 @@
     @VisibleForTesting
     NetworkStatsService(Context context, INetd netd, AlarmManager alarmManager,
             PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock, Clock clock, NetworkStatsSettings settings,
-            NetworkStatsFactory factory, NetworkStatsObservers statsObservers, File systemDir,
-            File baseDir, @NonNull Dependencies deps) {
+            NetworkStatsFactory factory, NetworkStatsObservers statsObservers,
+            @NonNull Dependencies deps) {
         mContext = Objects.requireNonNull(context, "missing Context");
         mNetd = Objects.requireNonNull(netd, "missing Netd");
         mAlarmManager = Objects.requireNonNull(alarmManager, "missing AlarmManager");
@@ -477,9 +571,11 @@
         mWakeLock = Objects.requireNonNull(wakeLock, "missing WakeLock");
         mStatsFactory = Objects.requireNonNull(factory, "missing factory");
         mStatsObservers = Objects.requireNonNull(statsObservers, "missing NetworkStatsObservers");
-        mSystemDir = Objects.requireNonNull(systemDir, "missing systemDir");
-        mBaseDir = Objects.requireNonNull(baseDir, "missing baseDir");
         mDeps = Objects.requireNonNull(deps, "missing Dependencies");
+        mStatsDir = mDeps.getOrCreateStatsDir();
+        if (!mStatsDir.exists()) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Persist data directory does not exist: " + mStatsDir);
+        }
 
         final HandlerThread handlerThread = mDeps.makeHandlerThread();
         handlerThread.start();
@@ -497,6 +593,19 @@
         mStatsMapA = mDeps.getStatsMapA();
         mStatsMapB = mDeps.getStatsMapB();
         mAppUidStatsMap = mDeps.getAppUidStatsMap();
+        mIfaceStatsMap = mDeps.getIfaceStatsMap();
+
+        // TODO: Remove bpfNetMaps creation and always start SkDestroyListener
+        // Following code is for the experiment to verify the SkDestroyListener refactoring. Based
+        // on the experiment flag, BpfNetMaps starts C SkDestroyListener (existing code) or
+        // NetworkStatsService starts Java SkDestroyListener (new code).
+        final BpfNetMaps bpfNetMaps = mDeps.makeBpfNetMaps(mContext);
+        if (bpfNetMaps.isSkDestroyListenerRunning()) {
+            mSkDestroyListener = null;
+        } else {
+            mSkDestroyListener = mDeps.makeSkDestroyListener(mCookieTagMap, mHandler);
+            mHandler.post(mSkDestroyListener::start);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -506,6 +615,80 @@
     @VisibleForTesting
     public static class Dependencies {
         /**
+         * Get legacy platform stats directory.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public File getLegacyStatsDir() {
+            final File systemDataDir = new File(Environment.getDataDirectory(), "system");
+            return new File(systemDataDir, "netstats");
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Get or create the directory that stores the persisted data usage.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public File getOrCreateStatsDir() {
+            final boolean storeInApexDataDir = getStoreFilesInApexData();
+
+            final File statsDataDir;
+            if (storeInApexDataDir) {
+                final File apexDataDir = ApexEnvironment
+                        .getApexEnvironment(DeviceConfigUtils.TETHERING_MODULE_NAME)
+                        .getDeviceProtectedDataDir();
+                statsDataDir = new File(apexDataDir, "netstats");
+
+            } else {
+                statsDataDir = getLegacyStatsDir();
+            }
+
+            if (statsDataDir.exists() || statsDataDir.mkdirs()) {
+                return statsDataDir;
+            }
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot write into stats data directory: "
+                    + statsDataDir);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Get the count of import legacy target attempts.
+         */
+        public int getImportLegacyTargetAttempts() {
+            return DeviceConfigUtils.getDeviceConfigPropertyInt(
+                    DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_TETHERING,
+                    NETSTATS_IMPORT_LEGACY_TARGET_ATTEMPTS,
+                    DEFAULT_NETSTATS_IMPORT_LEGACY_TARGET_ATTEMPTS);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Create a persistent counter for given directory and name.
+         */
+        public PersistentInt createPersistentCounter(@NonNull Path dir, @NonNull String name)
+                throws IOException {
+            // TODO: Modify PersistentInt to call setStartTime every time a write is made.
+            //  Create and pass a real logger here.
+            final String path = dir.resolve(name).toString();
+            return new PersistentInt(path, null /* logger */);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Get the flag of storing files in the apex data directory.
+         * @return whether to store files in the apex data directory.
+         */
+        public boolean getStoreFilesInApexData() {
+            return DeviceConfigUtils.getDeviceConfigPropertyBoolean(
+                    DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_TETHERING,
+                    NETSTATS_STORE_FILES_IN_APEXDATA, true);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Read legacy persisted network stats from disk.
+         */
+        @NonNull
+        public NetworkStatsCollection readPlatformCollection(
+                @NonNull String prefix, long bucketDuration) throws IOException {
+            return NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils.readPlatformCollection(prefix, bucketDuration);
+        }
+
+        /**
          * Create a HandlerThread to use in NetworkStatsService.
          */
         @NonNull
@@ -560,10 +743,10 @@
         }
 
         /** Get counter sets map for each UID. */
-        public IBpfMap<U32, U8> getUidCounterSetMap() {
+        public IBpfMap<S32, U8> getUidCounterSetMap() {
             try {
-                return new BpfMap<U32, U8>(UID_COUNTERSET_MAP_PATH, BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR,
-                        U32.class, U8.class);
+                return new BpfMap<S32, U8>(UID_COUNTERSET_MAP_PATH, BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR,
+                        S32.class, U8.class);
             } catch (ErrnoException e) {
                 Log.wtf(TAG, "Cannot open uid counter set map: " + e);
                 return null;
@@ -613,6 +796,32 @@
                 return null;
             }
         }
+
+        /** Gets interface stats map */
+        public IBpfMap<S32, StatsMapValue> getIfaceStatsMap() {
+            try {
+                return new BpfMap<S32, StatsMapValue>(IFACE_STATS_MAP_PATH,
+                        BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR, S32.class, StatsMapValue.class);
+            } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to open interface stats map", e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /** Gets whether the build is userdebug. */
+        public boolean isDebuggable() {
+            return Build.isDebuggable();
+        }
+
+        /** Create a new BpfNetMaps. */
+        public BpfNetMaps makeBpfNetMaps(Context ctx) {
+            return new BpfNetMaps(ctx);
+        }
+
+        /** Create a new SkDestroyListener. */
+        public SkDestroyListener makeSkDestroyListener(
+                IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> cookieTagMap, Handler handler) {
+            return new SkDestroyListener(cookieTagMap, handler, new SharedLog(TAG));
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -640,14 +849,18 @@
             mSystemReady = true;
 
             // create data recorders along with historical rotators
-            mDevRecorder = buildRecorder(PREFIX_DEV, mSettings.getDevConfig(), false);
-            mXtRecorder = buildRecorder(PREFIX_XT, mSettings.getXtConfig(), false);
-            mUidRecorder = buildRecorder(PREFIX_UID, mSettings.getUidConfig(), false);
-            mUidTagRecorder = buildRecorder(PREFIX_UID_TAG, mSettings.getUidTagConfig(), true);
+            mDevRecorder = buildRecorder(PREFIX_DEV, mSettings.getDevConfig(), false, mStatsDir,
+                    true /* wipeOnError */);
+            mXtRecorder = buildRecorder(PREFIX_XT, mSettings.getXtConfig(), false, mStatsDir,
+                    true /* wipeOnError */);
+            mUidRecorder = buildRecorder(PREFIX_UID, mSettings.getUidConfig(), false, mStatsDir,
+                    true /* wipeOnError */);
+            mUidTagRecorder = buildRecorder(PREFIX_UID_TAG, mSettings.getUidTagConfig(), true,
+                    mStatsDir, true /* wipeOnError */);
 
             updatePersistThresholdsLocked();
 
-            // upgrade any legacy stats, migrating them to rotated files
+            // upgrade any legacy stats
             maybeUpgradeLegacyStatsLocked();
 
             // read historical network stats from disk, since policy service
@@ -707,12 +920,14 @@
     }
 
     private NetworkStatsRecorder buildRecorder(
-            String prefix, NetworkStatsSettings.Config config, boolean includeTags) {
+            String prefix, NetworkStatsSettings.Config config, boolean includeTags,
+            File baseDir, boolean wipeOnError) {
         final DropBoxManager dropBox = (DropBoxManager) mContext.getSystemService(
                 Context.DROPBOX_SERVICE);
         return new NetworkStatsRecorder(new FileRotator(
-                mBaseDir, prefix, config.rotateAgeMillis, config.deleteAgeMillis),
-                mNonMonotonicObserver, dropBox, prefix, config.bucketDuration, includeTags);
+                baseDir, prefix, config.rotateAgeMillis, config.deleteAgeMillis),
+                mNonMonotonicObserver, dropBox, prefix, config.bucketDuration, includeTags,
+                wipeOnError);
     }
 
     @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
@@ -741,32 +956,371 @@
         mSystemReady = false;
     }
 
+    private static class MigrationInfo {
+        public final NetworkStatsRecorder recorder;
+        public NetworkStatsCollection collection;
+        public boolean imported;
+        MigrationInfo(@NonNull final NetworkStatsRecorder recorder) {
+            this.recorder = recorder;
+            collection = null;
+            imported = false;
+        }
+    }
+
     @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
     private void maybeUpgradeLegacyStatsLocked() {
-        File file;
-        try {
-            file = new File(mSystemDir, "netstats.bin");
-            if (file.exists()) {
-                mDevRecorder.importLegacyNetworkLocked(file);
-                file.delete();
-            }
-
-            file = new File(mSystemDir, "netstats_xt.bin");
-            if (file.exists()) {
-                file.delete();
-            }
-
-            file = new File(mSystemDir, "netstats_uid.bin");
-            if (file.exists()) {
-                mUidRecorder.importLegacyUidLocked(file);
-                mUidTagRecorder.importLegacyUidLocked(file);
-                file.delete();
-            }
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            Log.wtf(TAG, "problem during legacy upgrade", e);
-        } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
-            Log.wtf(TAG, "problem during legacy upgrade", e);
+        final boolean storeFilesInApexData = mDeps.getStoreFilesInApexData();
+        if (!storeFilesInApexData) {
+            return;
         }
+        try {
+            mImportLegacyAttemptsCounter = mDeps.createPersistentCounter(mStatsDir.toPath(),
+                    NETSTATS_IMPORT_ATTEMPTS_COUNTER_NAME);
+            mImportLegacySuccessesCounter = mDeps.createPersistentCounter(mStatsDir.toPath(),
+                    NETSTATS_IMPORT_SUCCESSES_COUNTER_NAME);
+            mImportLegacyFallbacksCounter = mDeps.createPersistentCounter(mStatsDir.toPath(),
+                    NETSTATS_IMPORT_FALLBACKS_COUNTER_NAME);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Failed to create persistent counters, skip.", e);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        final int targetAttempts = mDeps.getImportLegacyTargetAttempts();
+        final int attempts;
+        final int fallbacks;
+        final boolean runComparison;
+        try {
+            attempts = mImportLegacyAttemptsCounter.get();
+            // Fallbacks counter would be set to non-zero value to indicate the migration was
+            // not successful.
+            fallbacks = mImportLegacyFallbacksCounter.get();
+            runComparison = shouldRunComparison();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Failed to read counters, skip.", e);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // If the target number of attempts are reached, don't import any data.
+        // However, if comparison is requested, still read the legacy data and compare
+        // it to the importer output. This allows OEMs to debug issues with the
+        // importer code and to collect signals from the field.
+        final boolean dryRunImportOnly =
+                fallbacks != 0 && runComparison && (attempts >= targetAttempts);
+        // Return if target attempts are reached and there is no need to dry run.
+        if (attempts >= targetAttempts && !dryRunImportOnly) return;
+
+        if (dryRunImportOnly) {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Starting import : only perform read");
+        } else {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Starting import : attempts " + attempts + "/" + targetAttempts);
+        }
+
+        final MigrationInfo[] migrations = new MigrationInfo[]{
+                new MigrationInfo(mDevRecorder), new MigrationInfo(mXtRecorder),
+                new MigrationInfo(mUidRecorder), new MigrationInfo(mUidTagRecorder)
+        };
+
+        // Legacy directories will be created by recorders if they do not exist
+        final NetworkStatsRecorder[] legacyRecorders;
+        if (runComparison) {
+            final File legacyBaseDir = mDeps.getLegacyStatsDir();
+            // Set wipeOnError flag false so the recorder won't damage persistent data if reads
+            // failed and calling deleteAll.
+            legacyRecorders = new NetworkStatsRecorder[]{
+                buildRecorder(PREFIX_DEV, mSettings.getDevConfig(), false, legacyBaseDir,
+                        false /* wipeOnError */),
+                buildRecorder(PREFIX_XT, mSettings.getXtConfig(), false, legacyBaseDir,
+                        false /* wipeOnError */),
+                buildRecorder(PREFIX_UID, mSettings.getUidConfig(), false, legacyBaseDir,
+                        false /* wipeOnError */),
+                buildRecorder(PREFIX_UID_TAG, mSettings.getUidTagConfig(), true, legacyBaseDir,
+                        false /* wipeOnError */)};
+        } else {
+            legacyRecorders = null;
+        }
+
+        long migrationEndTime = Long.MIN_VALUE;
+        try {
+            // First, read all legacy collections. This is OEM code and it can throw. Don't
+            // commit any data to disk until all are read.
+            for (int i = 0; i < migrations.length; i++) {
+                final MigrationInfo migration = migrations[i];
+
+                // Read the collection from platform code, and set fallbacks counter if throws
+                // for better debugging.
+                try {
+                    migration.collection = readPlatformCollectionForRecorder(migration.recorder);
+                } catch (Throwable e) {
+                    if (dryRunImportOnly) {
+                        Log.wtf(TAG, "Platform data read failed. ", e);
+                        return;
+                    } else {
+                        // Data is not imported successfully, set fallbacks counter to non-zero
+                        // value to trigger dry run every later boot when the runComparison is
+                        // true, in order to make it easier to debug issues.
+                        tryIncrementLegacyFallbacksCounter();
+                        // Re-throw for error handling. This will increase attempts counter.
+                        throw e;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (runComparison) {
+                    final boolean success =
+                            compareImportedToLegacyStats(migration, legacyRecorders[i]);
+                    if (!success && !dryRunImportOnly) {
+                        tryIncrementLegacyFallbacksCounter();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // For cases where the fallbacks are not zero but target attempts counts reached,
+            // only perform reads above and return here.
+            if (dryRunImportOnly) return;
+
+            // Find the latest end time.
+            for (final MigrationInfo migration : migrations) {
+                final long migrationEnd = migration.collection.getEndMillis();
+                if (migrationEnd > migrationEndTime) migrationEndTime = migrationEnd;
+            }
+
+            // Reading all collections from legacy data has succeeded. At this point it is
+            // safe to start overwriting the files on disk. The next step is to remove all
+            // data in the new location that overlaps with imported data. This ensures that
+            // any data in the new location that was created by a previous failed import is
+            // ignored. After that, write the imported data into the recorder. The code
+            // below can still possibly throw (disk error or OutOfMemory for example), but
+            // does not depend on code from non-mainline code.
+            Log.i(TAG, "Rewriting data with imported collections with cutoff "
+                    + Instant.ofEpochMilli(migrationEndTime));
+            for (final MigrationInfo migration : migrations) {
+                migration.imported = true;
+                migration.recorder.removeDataBefore(migrationEndTime);
+                if (migration.collection.isEmpty()) continue;
+                migration.recorder.importCollectionLocked(migration.collection);
+            }
+
+            // Success normally or uses fallback method.
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            // The code above calls OEM code that may behave differently across devices.
+            // It can throw any exception including RuntimeExceptions and
+            // OutOfMemoryErrors. Try to recover anyway.
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Platform data import failed. Remaining tries "
+                    + (targetAttempts - attempts), e);
+
+            // Failed this time around : try again next time unless we're out of tries.
+            try {
+                mImportLegacyAttemptsCounter.set(attempts + 1);
+            } catch (IOException ex) {
+                Log.wtf(TAG, "Failed to update attempts counter.", ex);
+            }
+
+            // Try to remove any data from the failed import.
+            if (migrationEndTime > Long.MIN_VALUE) {
+                try {
+                    for (final MigrationInfo migration : migrations) {
+                        if (migration.imported) {
+                            migration.recorder.removeDataBefore(migrationEndTime);
+                        }
+                    }
+                } catch (Throwable f) {
+                    // If rollback still throws, there isn't much left to do. Try nuking
+                    // all data, since that's the last stop. If nuking still throws, the
+                    // framework will reboot, and if there are remaining tries, the migration
+                    // process will retry, which is fine because it's idempotent.
+                    for (final MigrationInfo migration : migrations) {
+                        migration.recorder.recoverAndDeleteData();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Success ! No need to import again next time.
+        try {
+            mImportLegacyAttemptsCounter.set(targetAttempts);
+            Log.i(TAG, "Successfully imported platform collections");
+            // The successes counter is only for debugging. Hence, the synchronization
+            // between successes counter and attempts counter are not very critical.
+            final int successCount = mImportLegacySuccessesCounter.get();
+            mImportLegacySuccessesCounter.set(successCount + 1);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Succeed but failed to update counters.", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void tryIncrementLegacyFallbacksCounter() {
+        try {
+            final int fallbacks = mImportLegacyFallbacksCounter.get();
+            mImportLegacyFallbacksCounter.set(fallbacks + 1);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Failed to update fallback counter.", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    boolean shouldRunComparison() {
+        final ConnectivityResources resources = new ConnectivityResources(mContext);
+        // 0 if id not found.
+        Boolean overlayValue = null;
+        try {
+            switch (resources.get().getInteger(R.integer.config_netstats_validate_import)) {
+                case 1:
+                    overlayValue = Boolean.TRUE;
+                    break;
+                case 0:
+                    overlayValue = Boolean.FALSE;
+                    break;
+            }
+        } catch (Resources.NotFoundException e) {
+            // Overlay value is not defined.
+        }
+        return overlayValue != null ? overlayValue : mDeps.isDebuggable();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compare imported data with the data returned by legacy recorders.
+     *
+     * @return true if the data matches, false if the data does not match or throw with exceptions.
+     */
+    private boolean compareImportedToLegacyStats(@NonNull MigrationInfo migration,
+            @NonNull NetworkStatsRecorder legacyRecorder) {
+        final NetworkStatsCollection legacyStats;
+        try {
+            legacyStats = legacyRecorder.getOrLoadCompleteLocked();
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Failed to read stats with legacy method for recorder "
+                    + legacyRecorder.getCookie(), e);
+            // Cannot read data from legacy method, skip comparison.
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // The result of comparison is only for logging.
+        try {
+            final String error = compareStats(migration.collection, legacyStats);
+            if (error != null) {
+                Log.wtf(TAG, "Unexpected comparison result for recorder "
+                        + legacyRecorder.getCookie() + ": " + error);
+                return false;
+            }
+        } catch (Throwable e) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Failed to compare migrated stats with legacy stats for recorder "
+                    + legacyRecorder.getCookie(), e);
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static String str(NetworkStatsCollection.Key key) {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder()
+                .append(key.ident.toString())
+                .append(" uid=").append(key.uid);
+        if (key.set != SET_FOREGROUND) {
+            sb.append(" set=").append(key.set);
+        }
+        if (key.tag != 0) {
+            sb.append(" tag=").append(key.tag);
+        }
+        return sb.toString();
+    }
+
+    // The importer will modify some keys when importing them.
+    // In order to keep the comparison code simple, add such special cases here and simply
+    // ignore them. This should not impact fidelity much because the start/end checks and the total
+    // bytes check still need to pass.
+    private static boolean couldKeyChangeOnImport(NetworkStatsCollection.Key key) {
+        if (key.ident.isEmpty()) return false;
+        final NetworkIdentity firstIdent = key.ident.iterator().next();
+
+        // Non-mobile network with non-empty RAT type.
+        // This combination is invalid and the NetworkIdentity.Builder will throw if it is passed
+        // in, but it looks like it was previously possible to persist it to disk. The importer sets
+        // the RAT type to NETWORK_TYPE_ALL.
+        if (firstIdent.getType() != ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE
+                && firstIdent.getRatType() != NetworkTemplate.NETWORK_TYPE_ALL) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Nullable
+    private static String compareStats(
+            NetworkStatsCollection migrated, NetworkStatsCollection legacy) {
+        final Map<NetworkStatsCollection.Key, NetworkStatsHistory> migEntries =
+                migrated.getEntries();
+        final Map<NetworkStatsCollection.Key, NetworkStatsHistory> legEntries = legacy.getEntries();
+
+        final ArraySet<NetworkStatsCollection.Key> unmatchedLegKeys =
+                new ArraySet<>(legEntries.keySet());
+
+        for (NetworkStatsCollection.Key legKey : legEntries.keySet()) {
+            final NetworkStatsHistory legHistory = legEntries.get(legKey);
+            final NetworkStatsHistory migHistory = migEntries.get(legKey);
+
+            if (migHistory == null && couldKeyChangeOnImport(legKey)) {
+                unmatchedLegKeys.remove(legKey);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (migHistory == null) {
+                return "Missing migrated history for legacy key " + str(legKey)
+                        + ", legacy history was " + legHistory;
+            }
+            if (!migHistory.isSameAs(legHistory)) {
+                return "Difference in history for key " + legKey + "; legacy history " + legHistory
+                        + ", migrated history " + migHistory;
+            }
+            unmatchedLegKeys.remove(legKey);
+        }
+
+        if (!unmatchedLegKeys.isEmpty()) {
+            final NetworkStatsHistory first = legEntries.get(unmatchedLegKeys.valueAt(0));
+            return "Found unmatched legacy keys: count=" + unmatchedLegKeys.size()
+                    + ", first unmatched collection " + first;
+        }
+
+        if (migrated.getStartMillis() != legacy.getStartMillis()
+                || migrated.getEndMillis() != legacy.getEndMillis()) {
+            return "Start / end of the collections "
+                    + migrated.getStartMillis() + "/" + legacy.getStartMillis() + " and "
+                    + migrated.getEndMillis() + "/" + legacy.getEndMillis()
+                    + " don't match";
+        }
+
+        if (migrated.getTotalBytes() != legacy.getTotalBytes()) {
+            return "Total bytes " + migrated.getTotalBytes() + " and " + legacy.getTotalBytes()
+                    + " don't match for collections with start/end "
+                    + migrated.getStartMillis()
+                    + "/" + legacy.getStartMillis();
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
+    @NonNull
+    private NetworkStatsCollection readPlatformCollectionForRecorder(
+            @NonNull final NetworkStatsRecorder rec) throws IOException {
+        final String prefix = rec.getCookie();
+        Log.i(TAG, "Importing platform collection for prefix " + prefix);
+        final NetworkStatsCollection collection = Objects.requireNonNull(
+                mDeps.readPlatformCollection(prefix, rec.getBucketDuration()),
+                "Imported platform collection for prefix " + prefix + " must not be null");
+
+        final long bootTimestamp = System.currentTimeMillis() - SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        if (!collection.isEmpty() && bootTimestamp < collection.getStartMillis()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Platform collection for prefix " + prefix
+                    + " contains data that could not possibly come from the previous boot "
+                    + "(start timestamp = " + Instant.ofEpochMilli(collection.getStartMillis())
+                    + ", last booted at " + Instant.ofEpochMilli(bootTimestamp));
+        }
+
+        Log.i(TAG, "Successfully read platform collection spanning from "
+                // Instant uses ISO-8601 for toString()
+                + Instant.ofEpochMilli(collection.getStartMillis()).toString() + " to "
+                + Instant.ofEpochMilli(collection.getEndMillis()).toString());
+        return collection;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -779,7 +1333,7 @@
             mNetd.bandwidthSetGlobalAlert(mGlobalAlertBytes);
         } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
             Log.w(TAG, "problem registering for global alert: " + e);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+        } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
             // ignored; service lives in system_server
         }
         invokeForAllStatsProviderCallbacks((cb) -> cb.mProvider.onSetAlert(mGlobalAlertBytes));
@@ -795,16 +1349,27 @@
         return openSessionInternal(flags, callingPackage);
     }
 
-    private boolean isRateLimitedForPoll(int callingUid) {
-        if (callingUid == android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
+    private boolean isRateLimitedForPoll(@NonNull OpenSessionKey key) {
         final long lastCallTime;
         final long now = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
-        synchronized (mOpenSessionCallsPerUid) {
-            int calls = mOpenSessionCallsPerUid.get(callingUid, 0);
-            mOpenSessionCallsPerUid.put(callingUid, calls + 1);
+
+        synchronized (mOpenSessionCallsLock) {
+            Integer callsPerCaller = mOpenSessionCallsPerCaller.get(key);
+            if (callsPerCaller == null) {
+                mOpenSessionCallsPerCaller.put((key), 1);
+            } else {
+                mOpenSessionCallsPerCaller.put(key, Integer.sum(callsPerCaller, 1));
+            }
+
+            int callsPerUid = mOpenSessionCallsPerUid.get(key.uid, 0);
+            mOpenSessionCallsPerUid.put(key.uid, callsPerUid + 1);
+
+            if (key.uid == android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID) {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            // To avoid a non-system user to be rate-limited after system users open sessions,
+            // so update mLastStatsSessionPoll after checked if the uid is SYSTEM_UID.
             lastCallTime = mLastStatsSessionPoll;
             mLastStatsSessionPoll = now;
         }
@@ -812,7 +1377,7 @@
         return now - lastCallTime < POLL_RATE_LIMIT_MS;
     }
 
-    private int restrictFlagsForCaller(int flags) {
+    private int restrictFlagsForCaller(int flags, @NonNull String callingPackage) {
         // All non-privileged callers are not allowed to turn off POLL_ON_OPEN.
         final boolean isPrivileged = PermissionUtils.checkAnyPermissionOf(mContext,
                 NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK,
@@ -822,14 +1387,15 @@
         }
         // Non-system uids are rate limited for POLL_ON_OPEN.
         final int callingUid = Binder.getCallingUid();
-        flags = isRateLimitedForPoll(callingUid)
+        final OpenSessionKey key = new OpenSessionKey(callingUid, callingPackage);
+        flags = isRateLimitedForPoll(key)
                 ? flags & (~NetworkStatsManager.FLAG_POLL_ON_OPEN)
                 : flags;
         return flags;
     }
 
     private INetworkStatsSession openSessionInternal(final int flags, final String callingPackage) {
-        final int restrictedFlags = restrictFlagsForCaller(flags);
+        final int restrictedFlags = restrictFlagsForCaller(flags, callingPackage);
         if ((restrictedFlags & (NetworkStatsManager.FLAG_POLL_ON_OPEN
                 | NetworkStatsManager.FLAG_POLL_FORCE)) != 0) {
             final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
@@ -1038,9 +1604,9 @@
         // We've been using pure XT stats long enough that we no longer need to
         // splice DEV and XT together.
         final NetworkStatsHistory history = internalGetHistoryForNetwork(template, flags, FIELD_ALL,
-                accessLevel, callingUid, start, end);
+                accessLevel, callingUid, Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE);
 
-        final long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        final long now = mClock.millis();
         final NetworkStatsHistory.Entry entry = history.getValues(start, end, now, null);
 
         final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(end - start, 1);
@@ -1121,17 +1687,37 @@
         return dataLayer;
     }
 
+    private String[] getAllIfacesSinceBoot(int transport) {
+        synchronized (mStatsLock) {
+            final Set<String> ifaceSet;
+            if (transport == TRANSPORT_WIFI) {
+                ifaceSet = mAllWifiIfacesSinceBoot;
+            } else if (transport == TRANSPORT_CELLULAR) {
+                ifaceSet = mAllMobileIfacesSinceBoot;
+            } else {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid transport " + transport);
+            }
+
+            return ifaceSet.toArray(new String[0]);
+        }
+    }
+
     @Override
     public NetworkStats getUidStatsForTransport(int transport) {
         PermissionUtils.enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
         try {
-            final String[] relevantIfaces =
-                    transport == TRANSPORT_WIFI ? mWifiIfaces : mMobileIfaces;
+            final String[] ifaceArray = getAllIfacesSinceBoot(transport);
             // TODO(b/215633405) : mMobileIfaces and mWifiIfaces already contain the stacked
             // interfaces, so this is not useful, remove it.
             final String[] ifacesToQuery =
-                    mStatsFactory.augmentWithStackedInterfaces(relevantIfaces);
-            return getNetworkStatsUidDetail(ifacesToQuery);
+                    mStatsFactory.augmentWithStackedInterfaces(ifaceArray);
+            final NetworkStats stats = getNetworkStatsUidDetail(ifacesToQuery);
+            // Clear the interfaces of the stats before returning, so callers won't get this
+            // information. This is because no caller needs this information for now, and it
+            // makes it easier to change the implementation later by using the histories in the
+            // recorder.
+            stats.clearInterfaces();
+            return stats;
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             Log.wtf(TAG, "Error compiling UID stats", e);
             return new NetworkStats(0L, 0);
@@ -1140,11 +1726,6 @@
 
     @Override
     public String[] getMobileIfaces() {
-        // TODO (b/192758557): Remove debug log.
-        if (CollectionUtils.contains(mMobileIfaces, null)) {
-            throw new NullPointerException(
-                    "null element in mMobileIfaces: " + Arrays.toString(mMobileIfaces));
-        }
         return mMobileIfaces.clone();
     }
 
@@ -1178,7 +1759,7 @@
 
         if (set == SET_DEFAULT) {
             try {
-                mUidCounterSetMap.deleteEntry(new U32(uid));
+                mUidCounterSetMap.deleteEntry(new S32(uid));
             } catch (ErrnoException e) {
                 Log.w(TAG, "UidCounterSetMap.deleteEntry(" + uid + ") failed with errno: " + e);
             }
@@ -1186,7 +1767,7 @@
         }
 
         try {
-            mUidCounterSetMap.updateEntry(new U32(uid), new U8((short) set));
+            mUidCounterSetMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid), new U8((short) set));
         } catch (ErrnoException e) {
             Log.w(TAG, "UidCounterSetMap.updateEntry(" + uid + ", " + set
                     + ") failed with errno: " + e);
@@ -1280,13 +1861,14 @@
         Objects.requireNonNull(request.template, "NetworkTemplate is null");
         Objects.requireNonNull(callback, "callback is null");
 
-        int callingUid = Binder.getCallingUid();
+        final int callingPid = Binder.getCallingPid();
+        final int callingUid = Binder.getCallingUid();
         @NetworkStatsAccess.Level int accessLevel = checkAccessLevel(callingPackage);
         DataUsageRequest normalizedRequest;
         final long token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
         try {
             normalizedRequest = mStatsObservers.register(mContext,
-                    request, callback, callingUid, accessLevel);
+                    request, callback, callingPid, callingUid, callingPackage, accessLevel);
         } finally {
             Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(token);
         }
@@ -1511,7 +2093,6 @@
 
         final boolean combineSubtypeEnabled = mSettings.getCombineSubtypeEnabled();
         final ArraySet<String> mobileIfaces = new ArraySet<>();
-        final ArraySet<String> wifiIfaces = new ArraySet<>();
         for (NetworkStateSnapshot snapshot : snapshots) {
             final int displayTransport =
                     getDisplayTransport(snapshot.getNetworkCapabilities().getTransportTypes());
@@ -1556,9 +2137,12 @@
 
                 if (isMobile) {
                     mobileIfaces.add(baseIface);
+                    // If the interface name was present in the wifi set, the interface won't
+                    // be removed from it to prevent stats from getting rollback.
+                    mAllMobileIfacesSinceBoot.add(baseIface);
                 }
                 if (isWifi) {
-                    wifiIfaces.add(baseIface);
+                    mAllWifiIfacesSinceBoot.add(baseIface);
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1600,9 +2184,10 @@
                     findOrCreateNetworkIdentitySet(mActiveUidIfaces, iface).add(ident);
                     if (isMobile) {
                         mobileIfaces.add(iface);
+                        mAllMobileIfacesSinceBoot.add(iface);
                     }
                     if (isWifi) {
-                        wifiIfaces.add(iface);
+                        mAllWifiIfacesSinceBoot.add(iface);
                     }
 
                     mStatsFactory.noteStackedIface(iface, baseIface);
@@ -1611,16 +2196,6 @@
         }
 
         mMobileIfaces = mobileIfaces.toArray(new String[0]);
-        mWifiIfaces = wifiIfaces.toArray(new String[0]);
-        // TODO (b/192758557): Remove debug log.
-        if (CollectionUtils.contains(mMobileIfaces, null)) {
-            throw new NullPointerException(
-                    "null element in mMobileIfaces: " + Arrays.toString(mMobileIfaces));
-        }
-        if (CollectionUtils.contains(mWifiIfaces, null)) {
-            throw new NullPointerException(
-                    "null element in mWifiIfaces: " + Arrays.toString(mWifiIfaces));
-        }
     }
 
     private static int getSubIdForMobile(@NonNull NetworkStateSnapshot state) {
@@ -1834,7 +2409,7 @@
         NetworkStats.Entry uidTotal;
 
         // collect mobile sample
-        template = buildTemplateMobileWildcard();
+        template = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE).setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build();
         devTotal = mDevRecorder.getTotalSinceBootLocked(template);
         xtTotal = mXtRecorder.getTotalSinceBootLocked(template);
         uidTotal = mUidRecorder.getTotalSinceBootLocked(template);
@@ -1846,7 +2421,7 @@
                 currentTime);
 
         // collect wifi sample
-        template = buildTemplateWifiWildcard();
+        template = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).build();
         devTotal = mDevRecorder.getTotalSinceBootLocked(template);
         xtTotal = mXtRecorder.getTotalSinceBootLocked(template);
         uidTotal = mUidRecorder.getTotalSinceBootLocked(template);
@@ -1909,7 +2484,7 @@
         deleteStatsMapTagData(mStatsMapB, uid);
 
         try {
-            mUidCounterSetMap.deleteEntry(new U32(uid));
+            mUidCounterSetMap.deleteEntry(new S32(uid));
         } catch (ErrnoException e) {
             logErrorIfNotErrNoent(e, "Failed to delete tag data from uid counter set map");
         }
@@ -1934,10 +2509,13 @@
         mUidRecorder.removeUidsLocked(uids);
         mUidTagRecorder.removeUidsLocked(uids);
 
+        mStatsFactory.removeUidsLocked(uids);
         // Clear kernel stats associated with UID
         for (int uid : uids) {
             deleteKernelTagData(uid);
         }
+        // TODO: Remove the UID's entries from mOpenSessionCallsPerUid and
+        // mOpenSessionCallsPerCaller
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1995,6 +2573,7 @@
         // usage: dumpsys netstats --full --uid --tag --poll --checkin
         final boolean poll = argSet.contains("--poll") || argSet.contains("poll");
         final boolean checkin = argSet.contains("--checkin");
+        final boolean bpfRawMap = argSet.contains("--bpfRawMap");
         final boolean fullHistory = argSet.contains("--full") || argSet.contains("full");
         final boolean includeUid = argSet.contains("--uid") || argSet.contains("detail");
         final boolean includeTag = argSet.contains("--tag") || argSet.contains("detail");
@@ -2036,10 +2615,40 @@
                 return;
             }
 
+            if (bpfRawMap) {
+                dumpRawMapLocked(pw, args);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            pw.println("Directory:");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            pw.println(mStatsDir);
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+
             pw.println("Configs:");
             pw.increaseIndent();
             pw.print(NETSTATS_COMBINE_SUBTYPE_ENABLED, mSettings.getCombineSubtypeEnabled());
             pw.println();
+            pw.print(NETSTATS_STORE_FILES_IN_APEXDATA, mDeps.getStoreFilesInApexData());
+            pw.println();
+            pw.print(NETSTATS_IMPORT_LEGACY_TARGET_ATTEMPTS, mDeps.getImportLegacyTargetAttempts());
+            pw.println();
+            if (mDeps.getStoreFilesInApexData()) {
+                try {
+                    pw.print("platform legacy stats import attempts count",
+                            mImportLegacyAttemptsCounter.get());
+                    pw.println();
+                    pw.print("platform legacy stats import successes count",
+                            mImportLegacySuccessesCounter.get());
+                    pw.println();
+                    pw.print("platform legacy stats import fallbacks count",
+                            mImportLegacyFallbacksCounter.get());
+                    pw.println();
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    pw.println("(failed to dump platform legacy stats import counters)");
+                }
+            }
+
             pw.decreaseIndent();
 
             pw.println("Active interfaces:");
@@ -2060,26 +2669,38 @@
             }
             pw.decreaseIndent();
 
-            // Get the top openSession callers
-            final SparseIntArray calls;
-            synchronized (mOpenSessionCallsPerUid) {
-                calls = mOpenSessionCallsPerUid.clone();
-            }
-
-            final int N = calls.size();
-            final long[] values = new long[N];
-            for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) {
-                values[j] = ((long) calls.valueAt(j) << 32) | calls.keyAt(j);
-            }
-            Arrays.sort(values);
-
-            pw.println("Top openSession callers (uid=count):");
+            pw.println("All wifi interfaces:");
             pw.increaseIndent();
-            final int end = Math.max(0, N - DUMP_STATS_SESSION_COUNT);
-            for (int j = N - 1; j >= end; j--) {
-                final int uid = (int) (values[j] & 0xffffffff);
-                final int count = (int) (values[j] >> 32);
-                pw.print(uid); pw.print("="); pw.println(count);
+            for (String iface : mAllWifiIfacesSinceBoot) {
+                pw.print(iface + " ");
+            }
+            pw.println();
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+
+            pw.println("All mobile interfaces:");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            for (String iface : mAllMobileIfacesSinceBoot) {
+                pw.print(iface + " ");
+            }
+            pw.println();
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+
+            // Get the top openSession callers
+            final HashMap calls;
+            synchronized (mOpenSessionCallsLock) {
+                calls = new HashMap<>(mOpenSessionCallsPerCaller);
+            }
+            final List<Map.Entry<OpenSessionKey, Integer>> list = new ArrayList<>(calls.entrySet());
+            Collections.sort(list,
+                    (left, right) -> Integer.compare(left.getValue(), right.getValue()));
+            final int num = list.size();
+            final int end = Math.max(0, num - DUMP_STATS_SESSION_COUNT);
+            pw.println("Top openSession callers:");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            for (int j = num - 1; j >= end; j--) {
+                final Map.Entry<OpenSessionKey, Integer> entry = list.get(j);
+                pw.print(entry.getKey()); pw.print("="); pw.println(entry.getValue());
+
             }
             pw.decreaseIndent();
             pw.println();
@@ -2099,6 +2720,13 @@
                 }
             });
             pw.decreaseIndent();
+            pw.println();
+
+            pw.println("Stats Observers:");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            mStatsObservers.dump(pw);
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+            pw.println();
 
             pw.println("Dev stats:");
             pw.increaseIndent();
@@ -2123,6 +2751,32 @@
                 mUidTagRecorder.dumpLocked(pw, fullHistory);
                 pw.decreaseIndent();
             }
+
+            pw.println();
+            pw.println("InterfaceMapUpdater:");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            mInterfaceMapUpdater.dump(pw);
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+
+            pw.println();
+            pw.println("BPF map status:");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            dumpMapStatus(pw);
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+            pw.println();
+
+            // Following BPF map content dump contains uid and tag regardless of the flags because
+            // following dumps are moved from TrafficController and bug report already contains this
+            // information.
+            pw.println("BPF map content:");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            dumpCookieTagMapLocked(pw);
+            dumpUidCounterSetMapLocked(pw);
+            dumpAppUidStatsMapLocked(pw);
+            dumpStatsMapLocked(mStatsMapA, pw, "mStatsMapA");
+            dumpStatsMapLocked(mStatsMapB, pw, "mStatsMapB");
+            dumpIfaceStatsMapLocked(pw);
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
         }
     }
 
@@ -2145,6 +2799,38 @@
         proto.flush();
     }
 
+    private <K extends Struct, V extends Struct> void dumpRawMap(IBpfMap<K, V> map,
+            IndentingPrintWriter pw) throws ErrnoException {
+        if (map == null) {
+            pw.println("Map is null");
+            return;
+        }
+        if (map.isEmpty()) {
+            pw.println("No entries");
+            return;
+        }
+        // If there is a concurrent entry deletion, value could be null. http://b/220084230.
+        // Also, map.forEach could restart iteration from the beginning and dump could contain
+        // duplicated entries. User of this dump needs to take care of the duplicated entries.
+        map.forEach((k, v) -> {
+            if (v != null) {
+                pw.println(BpfDump.toBase64EncodedString(k, v));
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
+    private void dumpRawMapLocked(final IndentingPrintWriter pw, final String[] args) {
+        if (CollectionUtils.contains(args, "--cookieTagMap")) {
+            try {
+                dumpRawMap(mCookieTagMap, pw);
+            } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+                pw.println("Error dumping cookieTag map: " + e);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
     private static void dumpInterfaces(ProtoOutputStream proto, long tag,
             ArrayMap<String, NetworkIdentitySet> ifaces) {
         for (int i = 0; i < ifaces.size(); i++) {
@@ -2157,6 +2843,88 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private void dumpMapStatus(final IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        BpfDump.dumpMapStatus(mCookieTagMap, pw, "mCookieTagMap", COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH);
+        BpfDump.dumpMapStatus(mUidCounterSetMap, pw, "mUidCounterSetMap", UID_COUNTERSET_MAP_PATH);
+        BpfDump.dumpMapStatus(mAppUidStatsMap, pw, "mAppUidStatsMap", APP_UID_STATS_MAP_PATH);
+        BpfDump.dumpMapStatus(mStatsMapA, pw, "mStatsMapA", STATS_MAP_A_PATH);
+        BpfDump.dumpMapStatus(mStatsMapB, pw, "mStatsMapB", STATS_MAP_B_PATH);
+        // mIfaceStatsMap is always not null but dump status to be consistent with other maps.
+        BpfDump.dumpMapStatus(mIfaceStatsMap, pw, "mIfaceStatsMap", IFACE_STATS_MAP_PATH);
+    }
+
+    @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
+    private void dumpCookieTagMapLocked(final IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        if (mCookieTagMap == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        BpfDump.dumpMap(mCookieTagMap, pw, "mCookieTagMap",
+                (key, value) -> "cookie=" + key.socketCookie
+                        + " tag=0x" + Long.toHexString(value.tag)
+                        + " uid=" + value.uid);
+    }
+
+    @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
+    private void dumpUidCounterSetMapLocked(final IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        if (mUidCounterSetMap == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        BpfDump.dumpMap(mUidCounterSetMap, pw, "mUidCounterSetMap",
+                (uid, set) -> "uid=" + uid.val + " set=" + set.val);
+    }
+
+    @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
+    private void dumpAppUidStatsMapLocked(final IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        if (mAppUidStatsMap == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        BpfDump.dumpMap(mAppUidStatsMap, pw, "mAppUidStatsMap",
+                "uid rxBytes rxPackets txBytes txPackets",
+                (key, value) -> key.uid + " "
+                        + value.rxBytes + " "
+                        + value.rxPackets + " "
+                        + value.txBytes + " "
+                        + value.txPackets);
+    }
+
+    @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
+    private void dumpStatsMapLocked(final IBpfMap<StatsMapKey, StatsMapValue> statsMap,
+            final IndentingPrintWriter pw, final String mapName) {
+        if (statsMap == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        BpfDump.dumpMap(statsMap, pw, mapName,
+                "ifaceIndex ifaceName tag_hex uid_int cnt_set rxBytes rxPackets txBytes txPackets",
+                (key, value) -> {
+                    final String ifName = mInterfaceMapUpdater.getIfNameByIndex(key.ifaceIndex);
+                    return key.ifaceIndex + " "
+                            + (ifName != null ? ifName : "unknown") + " "
+                            + "0x" + Long.toHexString(key.tag) + " "
+                            + key.uid + " "
+                            + key.counterSet + " "
+                            + value.rxBytes + " "
+                            + value.rxPackets + " "
+                            + value.txBytes + " "
+                            + value.txPackets;
+                });
+    }
+
+    @GuardedBy("mStatsLock")
+    private void dumpIfaceStatsMapLocked(final IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        BpfDump.dumpMap(mIfaceStatsMap, pw, "mIfaceStatsMap",
+                "ifaceIndex ifaceName rxBytes rxPackets txBytes txPackets",
+                (key, value) -> {
+                    final String ifName = mInterfaceMapUpdater.getIfNameByIndex(key.val);
+                    return key.val + " "
+                            + (ifName != null ? ifName : "unknown") + " "
+                            + value.rxBytes + " "
+                            + value.rxPackets + " "
+                            + value.txBytes + " "
+                            + value.txPackets;
+                });
+    }
+
     private NetworkStats readNetworkStatsSummaryDev() {
         try {
             return mStatsFactory.readNetworkStatsSummaryDev();
@@ -2231,36 +2999,19 @@
             for (TetherStatsParcel tetherStats : tetherStatsParcels) {
                 try {
                     stats.combineValues(new NetworkStats.Entry(tetherStats.iface, UID_TETHERING,
-                            SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, tetherStats.rxBytes, tetherStats.rxPackets,
+                            SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
+                            tetherStats.rxBytes, tetherStats.rxPackets,
                             tetherStats.txBytes, tetherStats.txPackets, 0L));
                 } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
                     throw new IllegalStateException("invalid tethering stats " + e);
                 }
             }
-        } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
+        } catch (IllegalStateException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
             Log.wtf(TAG, "problem reading network stats", e);
         }
         return stats;
     }
 
-    // TODO: It is copied from ConnectivityService, consider refactor these check permission
-    //  functions to a proper util.
-    private boolean checkAnyPermissionOf(String... permissions) {
-        for (String permission : permissions) {
-            if (mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(permission) == PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    private void enforceAnyPermissionOf(String... permissions) {
-        if (!checkAnyPermissionOf(permissions)) {
-            throw new SecurityException("Requires one of the following permissions: "
-                    + String.join(", ", permissions) + ".");
-        }
-    }
-
     /**
      * Registers a custom provider of {@link android.net.NetworkStats} to combine the network
      * statistics that cannot be seen by the kernel to system. To unregister, invoke the
@@ -2275,7 +3026,7 @@
      */
     public @NonNull INetworkStatsProviderCallback registerNetworkStatsProvider(
             @NonNull String tag, @NonNull INetworkStatsProvider provider) {
-        enforceAnyPermissionOf(NETWORK_STATS_PROVIDER,
+        PermissionUtils.enforceAnyPermissionOf(mContext, NETWORK_STATS_PROVIDER,
                 NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
         Objects.requireNonNull(provider, "provider is null");
         Objects.requireNonNull(tag, "tag is null");
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/PersistentInt.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/PersistentInt.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c212b77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/PersistentInt.java
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.net;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.util.AtomicFile;
+import android.util.SystemConfigFileCommitEventLogger;
+
+import java.io.DataInputStream;
+import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileInputStream;
+import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
+import java.io.FileOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+/**
+ * A simple integer backed by an on-disk {@link AtomicFile}. Not thread-safe.
+ */
+public class PersistentInt {
+    private final String mPath;
+    private final AtomicFile mFile;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new {@code PersistentInt}. The counter is set to 0 if the file does not exist.
+     * Before returning, the constructor checks that the file is readable and writable. This
+     * indicates that in the future {@link #get} and {@link #set} are likely to succeed,
+     * though other events (data corruption, other code deleting the file, etc.) may cause these
+     * calls to fail in the future.
+     *
+     * @param path the path of the file to use.
+     * @param logger the logger
+     * @throws IOException the counter could not be read or written
+     */
+    public PersistentInt(@NonNull String path, @Nullable SystemConfigFileCommitEventLogger logger)
+            throws IOException {
+        mPath = path;
+        mFile = new AtomicFile(new File(path), logger);
+        checkReadWrite();
+    }
+
+    private void checkReadWrite() throws IOException {
+        int value;
+        try {
+            value = get();
+        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+            // Counter does not exist. Attempt to initialize to 0.
+            // Note that we cannot tell here if the file does not exist or if opening it failed,
+            // because in Java both of those throw FileNotFoundException.
+            value = 0;
+        }
+        set(value);
+        get();
+        // No exceptions? Good.
+    }
+
+    /**
+      * Gets the current value.
+      *
+      * @return the current value of the counter.
+      * @throws IOException if reading the value failed.
+      */
+    public int get() throws IOException {
+        try (FileInputStream fin = mFile.openRead();
+             DataInputStream din = new DataInputStream(fin)) {
+            return din.readInt();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the current value.
+     * @param value the value to set
+     * @throws IOException if writing the value failed.
+     */
+    public void set(int value) throws IOException {
+        FileOutputStream fout = null;
+        try {
+            fout = mFile.startWrite();
+            DataOutputStream dout = new DataOutputStream(fout);
+            dout.writeInt(value);
+            mFile.finishWrite(fout);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            if (fout != null) {
+                mFile.failWrite(fout);
+            }
+            throw e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getPath() {
+        return mPath;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/SkDestroyListener.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/SkDestroyListener.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b68f89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/SkDestroyListener.java
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.net;
+
+import static android.system.OsConstants.NETLINK_INET_DIAG;
+
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.system.ErrnoException;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapValue;
+import com.android.net.module.util.ip.NetlinkMonitor;
+import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.InetDiagMessage;
+import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkMessage;
+import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.StructInetDiagSockId;
+
+/**
+ * Monitor socket destroy and delete entry from cookie tag bpf map.
+ */
+public class SkDestroyListener extends NetlinkMonitor {
+    private static final int SKNLGRP_INET_TCP_DESTROY = 1;
+    private static final int SKNLGRP_INET_UDP_DESTROY = 2;
+    private static final int SKNLGRP_INET6_TCP_DESTROY = 3;
+    private static final int SKNLGRP_INET6_UDP_DESTROY = 4;
+
+    // TODO: if too many sockets are closed too quickly, this can overflow the socket buffer, and
+    // some entries in mCookieTagMap will not be freed. In order to fix this it would be needed to
+    // periodically dump all sockets and remove the tag entries for sockets that have been closed.
+    // For now, set a large-enough buffer that hundreds of sockets can be closed without getting
+    // ENOBUFS and leaking mCookieTagMap entries.
+    private static final int SOCK_RCV_BUF_SIZE = 512 * 1024;
+
+    private final IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> mCookieTagMap;
+
+    SkDestroyListener(final IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> cookieTagMap,
+            final Handler handler, final SharedLog log) {
+        super(handler, log, "SkDestroyListener", NETLINK_INET_DIAG,
+                1 << (SKNLGRP_INET_TCP_DESTROY - 1)
+                        | 1 << (SKNLGRP_INET_UDP_DESTROY - 1)
+                        | 1 << (SKNLGRP_INET6_TCP_DESTROY - 1)
+                        | 1 << (SKNLGRP_INET6_UDP_DESTROY - 1),
+                SOCK_RCV_BUF_SIZE);
+        mCookieTagMap = cookieTagMap;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void processNetlinkMessage(final NetlinkMessage nlMsg, final long whenMs) {
+        if (!(nlMsg instanceof InetDiagMessage)) {
+            mLog.e("Received non InetDiagMessage");
+            return;
+        }
+        final StructInetDiagSockId sockId = ((InetDiagMessage) nlMsg).inetDiagMsg.id;
+        try {
+            mCookieTagMap.deleteEntry(new CookieTagMapKey(sockId.cookie));
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            mLog.e("Failed to delete CookieTagMap entry for " + sockId.cookie  + ": " + e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/StatsMapKey.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/StatsMapKey.java
index ea8d836..44269b3 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/StatsMapKey.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/StatsMapKey.java
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
  * Key for both stats maps.
  */
 public class StatsMapKey extends Struct {
-    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.U32)
-    public final long uid;
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int uid;
 
     @Field(order = 1, type = Type.U32)
     public final long tag;
@@ -33,11 +33,11 @@
     @Field(order = 2, type = Type.U32)
     public final long counterSet;
 
-    @Field(order = 3, type = Type.U32)
-    public final long ifaceIndex;
+    @Field(order = 3, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int ifaceIndex;
 
-    public StatsMapKey(final long uid, final long tag, final long counterSet,
-            final long ifaceIndex) {
+    public StatsMapKey(final int uid, final long tag, final long counterSet,
+            final int ifaceIndex) {
         this.uid = uid;
         this.tag = tag;
         this.counterSet = counterSet;
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/UidStatsMapKey.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/UidStatsMapKey.java
index 2849f94..59025fd 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/UidStatsMapKey.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/net/UidStatsMapKey.java
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@
  * Key for uid stats map.
  */
 public class UidStatsMapKey extends Struct {
-    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.U32)
-    public final long uid;
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int uid;
 
-    public UidStatsMapKey(final long uid) {
+    public UidStatsMapKey(final int uid) {
         this.uid = uid;
     }
 }
diff --git a/service/Android.bp b/service/Android.bp
index 25b970a..0a00362 100644
--- a/service/Android.bp
+++ b/service/Android.bp
@@ -143,8 +143,7 @@
         "src/**/*.java",
         ":framework-connectivity-shared-srcs",
         ":services-connectivity-shared-srcs",
-        // TODO: move to net-utils-device-common
-        ":connectivity-module-utils-srcs",
+        ":statslog-connectivity-java-gen",
     ],
     libs: [
         "framework-annotations-lib",
@@ -154,22 +153,25 @@
         "framework-wifi.stubs.module_lib",
         "unsupportedappusage",
         "ServiceConnectivityResources",
+        "framework-statsd.stubs.module_lib",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         // Do not add libs here if they are already included
         // in framework-connectivity
+        "connectivity-net-module-utils-bpf",
         "connectivity_native_aidl_interface-lateststable-java",
         "dnsresolver_aidl_interface-V9-java",
         "modules-utils-shell-command-handler",
         "net-utils-device-common",
         "net-utils-device-common-bpf",
+        "net-utils-device-common-ip",
         "net-utils-device-common-netlink",
         "net-utils-services-common",
         "netd-client",
         "networkstack-client",
         "PlatformProperties",
         "service-connectivity-protos",
-        "NetworkStackApiCurrentShims",
+        "NetworkStackApiStableShims",
     ],
     apex_available: [
         "com.android.tethering",
@@ -181,6 +183,25 @@
     ],
 }
 
+// TODO: Remove this temporary library and put code into module when test coverage is enough.
+java_library {
+    name: "service-mdns",
+    sdk_version: "system_server_current",
+    min_sdk_version: "30",
+    srcs: [
+        "mdns/**/*.java",
+    ],
+    libs: [
+        "framework-annotations-lib",
+        "framework-connectivity-pre-jarjar",
+        "framework-wifi.stubs.module_lib",
+        "service-connectivity-pre-jarjar",
+    ],
+    visibility: [
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/tests:__subpackages__",
+    ],
+}
+
 java_library {
     name: "service-connectivity-protos",
     sdk_version: "system_current",
@@ -198,30 +219,74 @@
     lint: { strict_updatability_linting: true },
 }
 
-java_library {
-    name: "service-connectivity",
+java_defaults {
+    name: "service-connectivity-defaults",
     sdk_version: "system_server_current",
     min_sdk_version: "30",
-    installable: true,
+    defaults: [
+        "standalone-system-server-module-optimize-defaults",
+    ],
     // This library combines system server jars that have access to different bootclasspath jars.
     // Lower SDK service jars must not depend on higher SDK jars as that would let them
     // transitively depend on the wrong bootclasspath jars. Sources also cannot be added here as
-    // they would transitively depend on bootclasspath jars that may not be available.
+    // they would depend on bootclasspath jars that may not be available.
     static_libs: [
         "service-connectivity-pre-jarjar",
         "service-connectivity-tiramisu-pre-jarjar",
         "service-nearby-pre-jarjar",
     ],
+    // The below libraries are not actually needed to build since no source is compiled
+    // (only combining prebuilt static_libs), but they are necessary so that R8 has the right
+    // references to optimize the code. Without these, there will be missing class warnings and
+    // code may be wrongly optimized.
+    // R8 runs after jarjar, so the framework-X libraries need to be the post-jarjar artifacts
+    // (.impl), if they are not just stubs, so that the name of jarjared classes match.
+    libs: [
+        "androidx.annotation_annotation",
+        "framework-annotations-lib",
+        "framework-connectivity.impl",
+        "framework-connectivity-t.impl",
+        "framework-tethering.stubs.module_lib",
+        "framework-wifi.stubs.module_lib",
+        "libprotobuf-java-nano",
+    ],
     jarjar_rules: ":connectivity-jarjar-rules",
     apex_available: [
         "com.android.tethering",
     ],
+    optimize: {
+        proguard_flags_files: ["proguard.flags"],
+    },
     lint: { strict_updatability_linting: true },
 }
 
-filegroup {
+// A special library created strictly for use by the tests as they need the
+// implementation library but that is not available when building from prebuilts.
+// Using a library with a different name to what is used by the prebuilts ensures
+// that this will never depend on the prebuilt.
+// Switching service-connectivity to a java_sdk_library would also have worked as
+// that has built in support for managing this but that is too big a change at this
+// point.
+java_library {
+    name: "service-connectivity-for-tests",
+    defaults: ["service-connectivity-defaults"],
+}
+
+java_library {
+    name: "service-connectivity",
+    defaults: ["service-connectivity-defaults"],
+    installable: true,
+}
+
+genrule {
     name: "connectivity-jarjar-rules",
-    srcs: ["jarjar-rules.txt"],
+    defaults: ["jarjar-rules-combine-defaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        ":framework-connectivity-jarjar-rules",
+        ":service-connectivity-jarjar-gen",
+        ":service-nearby-jarjar-gen",
+    ],
+    out: ["connectivity-jarjar-rules.txt"],
     visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"],
 }
 
@@ -232,3 +297,48 @@
     srcs: ["src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java"],
     visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"],
 }
+
+java_genrule {
+    name: "service-connectivity-jarjar-gen",
+    tool_files: [
+        ":service-connectivity-pre-jarjar{.jar}",
+        ":service-connectivity-tiramisu-pre-jarjar{.jar}",
+        "jarjar-excludes.txt",
+    ],
+    tools: [
+        "jarjar-rules-generator",
+    ],
+    out: ["service_connectivity_jarjar_rules.txt"],
+    cmd: "$(location jarjar-rules-generator) " +
+        "$(location :service-connectivity-pre-jarjar{.jar}) " +
+        "$(location :service-connectivity-tiramisu-pre-jarjar{.jar}) " +
+        "--prefix android.net.connectivity " +
+        "--excludes $(location jarjar-excludes.txt) " +
+        "--output $(out)",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+}
+
+java_genrule {
+    name: "service-nearby-jarjar-gen",
+    tool_files: [
+        ":service-nearby-pre-jarjar{.jar}",
+        "jarjar-excludes.txt",
+    ],
+    tools: [
+        "jarjar-rules-generator",
+    ],
+    out: ["service_nearby_jarjar_rules.txt"],
+    cmd: "$(location jarjar-rules-generator) " +
+        "$(location :service-nearby-pre-jarjar{.jar}) " +
+        "--prefix com.android.server.nearby " +
+        "--excludes $(location jarjar-excludes.txt) " +
+        "--output $(out)",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+}
+
+genrule {
+  name: "statslog-connectivity-java-gen",
+  tools: ["stats-log-api-gen"],
+  cmd: "$(location stats-log-api-gen) --java $(out) --module connectivity --javaPackage com.android.server --javaClass ConnectivityStatsLog",
+  out: ["com/android/server/ConnectivityStatsLog.java"],
+}
diff --git a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/Android.bp b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/Android.bp
index f491cc7..02b2875 100644
--- a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/Android.bp
+++ b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/Android.bp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
     name: "ServiceConnectivityResources",
     sdk_version: "module_30",
     min_sdk_version: "30",
+    target_sdk_version: "33",
     resource_dirs: [
         "res",
     ],
diff --git a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-es-rUS/strings.xml b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-es-rUS/strings.xml
index fdca468..b24dee0 100644
--- a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-es-rUS/strings.xml
+++ b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-es-rUS/strings.xml
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
     <string name="network_available_sign_in" msgid="2622520134876355561">"Acceder a la red"</string>
     <!-- no translation found for network_available_sign_in_detailed (8439369644697866359) -->
     <skip />
-    <string name="wifi_no_internet" msgid="1326348603404555475">"<xliff:g id="NETWORK_SSID">%1$s</xliff:g>no tiene acceso a Internet"</string>
+    <string name="wifi_no_internet" msgid="1326348603404555475">"<xliff:g id="NETWORK_SSID">%1$s</xliff:g> no tiene acceso a Internet"</string>
     <string name="wifi_no_internet_detailed" msgid="1746921096565304090">"Presiona para ver opciones"</string>
     <string name="mobile_no_internet" msgid="4087718456753201450">"La red móvil no tiene acceso a Internet"</string>
     <string name="other_networks_no_internet" msgid="5693932964749676542">"La red no tiene acceso a Internet"</string>
diff --git a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-kk/strings.xml b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-kk/strings.xml
index 00c0f39..efe23b6 100644
--- a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-kk/strings.xml
+++ b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-kk/strings.xml
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
     <string name="network_switch_metered_detail" msgid="1257300152739542096">"Құрылғы <xliff:g id="PREVIOUS_NETWORK">%2$s</xliff:g> желісінде интернетпен байланыс жоғалған жағдайда <xliff:g id="NEW_NETWORK">%1$s</xliff:g> желісін пайдаланады. Деректер ақысы алынуы мүмкін."</string>
     <string name="network_switch_metered_toast" msgid="70691146054130335">"<xliff:g id="PREVIOUS_NETWORK">%1$s</xliff:g> желісінен <xliff:g id="NEW_NETWORK">%2$s</xliff:g> желісіне ауысты"</string>
   <string-array name="network_switch_type_name">
-    <item msgid="3004933964374161223">"мобильдік деректер"</item>
+    <item msgid="3004933964374161223">"мобильдік интернет"</item>
     <item msgid="5624324321165953608">"Wi-Fi"</item>
     <item msgid="5667906231066981731">"Bluetooth"</item>
     <item msgid="346574747471703768">"Ethernet"</item>
diff --git a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-nb/strings.xml b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-nb/strings.xml
index 00a0728..4439048 100644
--- a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-nb/strings.xml
+++ b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-nb/strings.xml
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
     <string name="network_switch_metered_toast" msgid="70691146054130335">"Byttet fra <xliff:g id="PREVIOUS_NETWORK">%1$s</xliff:g> til <xliff:g id="NEW_NETWORK">%2$s</xliff:g>"</string>
   <string-array name="network_switch_type_name">
     <item msgid="3004933964374161223">"mobildata"</item>
-    <item msgid="5624324321165953608">"Wi-Fi"</item>
+    <item msgid="5624324321165953608">"Wifi"</item>
     <item msgid="5667906231066981731">"Bluetooth"</item>
     <item msgid="346574747471703768">"Ethernet"</item>
     <item msgid="5734728378097476003">"VPN"</item>
diff --git a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-or/strings.xml b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-or/strings.xml
index 8b85884..49a773a 100644
--- a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-or/strings.xml
+++ b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-or/strings.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 <resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
-    <string name="connectivityResourcesAppLabel" msgid="2476261877900882974">"ସିଷ୍ଟମର ସଂଯୋଗ ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧିତ ରିସୋର୍ସଗୁଡ଼ିକ"</string>
+    <string name="connectivityResourcesAppLabel" msgid="2476261877900882974">"ସିଷ୍ଟମ କନେକ୍ଟିଭିଟୀ ରିସୋର୍ସ"</string>
     <string name="wifi_available_sign_in" msgid="8041178343789805553">"ୱାଇ-ଫାଇ ନେଟୱର୍କରେ ସାଇନ୍‍-ଇନ୍‍ କରନ୍ତୁ"</string>
     <string name="network_available_sign_in" msgid="2622520134876355561">"ନେଟ୍‌ୱର୍କରେ ସାଇନ୍‍ ଇନ୍‍ କରନ୍ତୁ"</string>
     <!-- no translation found for network_available_sign_in_detailed (8439369644697866359) -->
diff --git a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-ro/strings.xml b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-ro/strings.xml
index fa5848f..4ff5290 100644
--- a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-ro/strings.xml
+++ b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-ro/strings.xml
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@
 <resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
     <string name="connectivityResourcesAppLabel" msgid="2476261877900882974">"Resurse pentru conectivitatea sistemului"</string>
-    <string name="wifi_available_sign_in" msgid="8041178343789805553">"Conectați-vă la rețeaua Wi-Fi"</string>
-    <string name="network_available_sign_in" msgid="2622520134876355561">"Conectați-vă la rețea"</string>
+    <string name="wifi_available_sign_in" msgid="8041178343789805553">"Conectează-te la rețeaua Wi-Fi"</string>
+    <string name="network_available_sign_in" msgid="2622520134876355561">"Conectează-te la rețea"</string>
     <!-- no translation found for network_available_sign_in_detailed (8439369644697866359) -->
     <skip />
     <string name="wifi_no_internet" msgid="1326348603404555475">"<xliff:g id="NETWORK_SSID">%1$s</xliff:g> nu are acces la internet"</string>
-    <string name="wifi_no_internet_detailed" msgid="1746921096565304090">"Atingeți pentru opțiuni"</string>
+    <string name="wifi_no_internet_detailed" msgid="1746921096565304090">"Atinge pentru opțiuni"</string>
     <string name="mobile_no_internet" msgid="4087718456753201450">"Rețeaua mobilă nu are acces la internet"</string>
     <string name="other_networks_no_internet" msgid="5693932964749676542">"Rețeaua nu are acces la internet"</string>
     <string name="private_dns_broken_detailed" msgid="2677123850463207823">"Serverul DNS privat nu poate fi accesat"</string>
diff --git a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-sq/strings.xml b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-sq/strings.xml
index 385c75c..85bd84f 100644
--- a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-sq/strings.xml
+++ b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values-sq/strings.xml
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
   <string-array name="network_switch_type_name">
     <item msgid="3004933964374161223">"të dhënat celulare"</item>
     <item msgid="5624324321165953608">"Wi-Fi"</item>
-    <item msgid="5667906231066981731">"Bluetooth"</item>
+    <item msgid="5667906231066981731">"Bluetooth-i"</item>
     <item msgid="346574747471703768">"Eternet"</item>
     <item msgid="5734728378097476003">"VPN"</item>
   </string-array>
diff --git a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/config.xml b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/config.xml
index 81782f9..22d9b01 100644
--- a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/config.xml
+++ b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/config.xml
@@ -78,6 +78,27 @@
          Settings.Global.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI. This is the default value of that setting. -->
     <integer translatable="false" name="config_networkAvoidBadWifi">1</integer>
 
+    <!-- Whether the device should actively prefer bad wifi to good cell on Android 12/13.
+
+         This setting only makes sense if the system is configured not to avoid bad wifis
+         (config_networkAvoidBadWifi=0 and Settings.Global.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI=IGNORE
+         or PROMPT), otherwise it's not used.
+
+         On Android 12 and 13, if this is 0, when ranking a bad wifi that never validated against
+         validated mobile data, the system will prefer mobile data. It will prefer wifi if wifi
+         loses validation later. This is the default behavior up to Android 13.
+         This behavior avoids the device losing internet access when walking past a wifi network
+         with no internet access.
+
+         If this is 1, then in the same scenario, the system will prefer mobile data until the wifi
+         completes its first validation attempt (or the attempt times out), and after that it
+         will prefer the wifi even if it doesn't provide internet access, unless there is a captive
+         portal on that wifi.
+
+         On Android 14 and above, the behavior is always like 1, regardless of the value of this
+         setting. -->
+    <integer translatable="false" name="config_activelyPreferBadWifi">0</integer>
+
     <!-- Array of ConnectivityManager.TYPE_xxxx constants for networks that may only
          be controlled by systemOrSignature apps.  -->
     <integer-array translatable="false" name="config_protectedNetworks">
@@ -179,4 +200,13 @@
     Only supported up to S. On T+, the Wi-Fi code should use unregisterAfterReplacement in order
     to ensure that apps see the network disconnect and reconnect. -->
     <integer translatable="false" name="config_validationFailureAfterRoamIgnoreTimeMillis">-1</integer>
+
+    <!-- Whether the network stats service should run compare on the result of
+    {@link NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils#readPlatformCollection} and the result
+    of reading from legacy recorders. Possible values are:
+      0 = never compare,
+      1 = always compare,
+      2 = compare on debuggable builds (default value)
+      -->
+    <integer translatable="false" name="config_netstats_validate_import">2</integer>
 </resources>
diff --git a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/overlayable.xml b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/overlayable.xml
index b92dd08..4c85e8c 100644
--- a/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/overlayable.xml
+++ b/service/ServiceConnectivityResources/res/values/overlayable.xml
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
             <item type="integer" name="config_networkMeteredMultipathPreference"/>
             <item type="array" name="config_networkSupportedKeepaliveCount"/>
             <item type="integer" name="config_networkAvoidBadWifi"/>
+            <item type="integer" name="config_activelyPreferBadWifi"/>
             <item type="array" name="config_protectedNetworks"/>
             <item type="bool" name="config_vehicleInternalNetworkAlwaysRequested"/>
             <item type="integer" name="config_networkWakeupPacketMark"/>
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@
             <item type="array" name="config_ethernet_interfaces"/>
             <item type="string" name="config_ethernet_iface_regex"/>
             <item type="integer" name="config_validationFailureAfterRoamIgnoreTimeMillis" />
+            <item type="integer" name="config_netstats_validate_import" />
         </policy>
     </overlayable>
 </resources>
diff --git a/service/jarjar-excludes.txt b/service/jarjar-excludes.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0d6763
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/jarjar-excludes.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Classes loaded by SystemServer via their hardcoded name, so they can't be jarjared
+com\.android\.server\.ConnectivityServiceInitializer(\$.+)?
+com\.android\.server\.NetworkStatsServiceInitializer(\$.+)?
+
+# Do not jarjar com.android.server, as several unit tests fail because they lose
+# package-private visibility between jarjared and non-jarjared classes.
+# TODO: fix the tests and also jarjar com.android.server, or at least only exclude a package that
+# is specific to the module like com.android.server.connectivity
+com\.android\.server\..+
diff --git a/service/jarjar-rules.txt b/service/jarjar-rules.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 4b21569..0000000
--- a/service/jarjar-rules.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-# Classes in framework-connectivity are restricted to the android.net package.
-# This cannot be changed because it is harcoded in ART in S.
-# Any missing jarjar rule for framework-connectivity would be caught by the
-# build as an unexpected class outside of the android.net package.
-rule com.android.net.module.util.** android.net.connectivity.@0
-rule com.android.modules.utils.** android.net.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.NetworkFactory* android.net.connectivity.@0
-
-# From modules-utils-preconditions
-rule com.android.internal.util.Preconditions* android.net.connectivity.@0
-
-# From framework-connectivity-shared-srcs
-rule android.util.LocalLog* android.net.connectivity.@0
-rule android.util.IndentingPrintWriter* android.net.connectivity.@0
-rule com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter* android.net.connectivity.@0
-rule com.android.internal.util.MessageUtils* android.net.connectivity.@0
-rule com.android.internal.util.WakeupMessage* android.net.connectivity.@0
-rule com.android.internal.util.FileRotator* android.net.connectivity.@0
-rule com.android.internal.util.ProcFileReader* android.net.connectivity.@0
-
-# From framework-connectivity-protos
-rule com.google.protobuf.** android.net.connectivity.@0
-rule android.service.** android.net.connectivity.@0
-
-rule android.sysprop.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-
-rule com.android.internal.messages.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-
-# From dnsresolver_aidl_interface (newer AIDLs should go to android.net.resolv.aidl)
-rule android.net.resolv.aidl.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.IDnsResolver* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ResolverHostsParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ResolverOptionsParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ResolverParamsParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ResolverParamsParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-# Also includes netd event listener AIDL, but this is handled by netd-client rules
-
-# From netd-client (newer AIDLs should go to android.net.netd.aidl)
-rule android.net.netd.aidl.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-# Avoid including android.net.INetdEventCallback, used in tests but not part of the module
-rule android.net.INetd com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.INetd$* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.INetdUnsolicitedEventListener* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.InterfaceConfigurationParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.MarkMaskParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.NativeNetworkConfig* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.NativeNetworkType* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.NativeVpnType* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.RouteInfoParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.TetherConfigParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.TetherOffloadRuleParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.TetherStatsParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.UidRangeParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.metrics.INetdEventListener* com.android.connectivity.@0
-
-# From netlink-client
-rule android.net.netlink.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-
-# From networkstack-client (newer AIDLs should go to android.net.[networkstack|ipmemorystore].aidl)
-rule android.net.networkstack.aidl.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ipmemorystore.aidl.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ipmemorystore.aidl.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.DataStallReportParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.DhcpResultsParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.IIpMemoryStore* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.INetworkMonitor* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.INetworkStackConnector* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.INetworkStackStatusCallback* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.InformationElementParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.InitialConfigurationParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.IpMemoryStore* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.Layer2InformationParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.Layer2PacketParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.NattKeepalivePacketDataParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.NetworkMonitorManager* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.NetworkTestResultParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.PrivateDnsConfigParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ProvisioningConfigurationParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ScanResultInfoParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.TcpKeepalivePacketDataParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.dhcp.DhcpLeaseParcelable* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.dhcp.DhcpServingParamsParcel* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.dhcp.IDhcpEventCallbacks* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.dhcp.IDhcpServer* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ip.IIpClient* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ip.IpClientCallbacks* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ip.IpClientManager* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ip.IpClientUtil* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.ipmemorystore.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.networkstack.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.shared.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.util.KeepalivePacketDataUtil* com.android.connectivity.@0
-
-# From connectivity-module-utils
-rule android.net.util.SharedLog* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule android.net.shared.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-
-# From services-connectivity-shared-srcs
-rule android.net.util.NetworkConstants* com.android.connectivity.@0
-
-# From modules-utils-statemachine
-rule com.android.internal.util.IState* com.android.connectivity.@0
-rule com.android.internal.util.State* com.android.connectivity.@0
-
-# From the API shims
-rule com.android.networkstack.apishim.** com.android.connectivity.@0
-
-# From filegroup framework-connectivity-protos
-rule android.service.*Proto com.android.connectivity.@0
-
-# From mdns-aidl-interface
-rule android.net.mdns.aidl.** android.net.connectivity.@0
-
-# Remaining are connectivity sources in com.android.server and com.android.server.connectivity:
-# TODO: move to a subpackage of com.android.connectivity (such as com.android.connectivity.server)
diff --git a/service/jni/com_android_server_BpfNetMaps.cpp b/service/jni/com_android_server_BpfNetMaps.cpp
index f13c68d..799ac5c 100644
--- a/service/jni/com_android_server_BpfNetMaps.cpp
+++ b/service/jni/com_android_server_BpfNetMaps.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 #include <nativehelper/ScopedPrimitiveArray.h>
 #include <netjniutils/netjniutils.h>
 #include <net/if.h>
+#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include <vector>
 
 
@@ -39,148 +41,138 @@
 
 namespace android {
 
-static void native_init(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz) {
-  Status status = mTc.start();
-   if (!isOk(status)) {
-    ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, status.code());
+#define CHECK_LOG(status) \
+  do { \
+    if (!isOk(status)) \
+      ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, status.code()); \
+  } while (0)
+
+static void native_init(JNIEnv* env, jclass clazz, jboolean startSkDestroyListener) {
+  Status status = mTc.start(startSkDestroyListener);
+  CHECK_LOG(status);
+  if (!isOk(status)) {
+    uid_t uid = getuid();
+    ALOGE("BpfNetMaps jni init failure as uid=%d", uid);
+    // TODO: Fix tests to not use this jni lib, so we can unconditionally abort()
+    if (uid == AID_SYSTEM || uid == AID_NETWORK_STACK) abort();
   }
 }
 
-static jint native_addNaughtyApp(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jint uid) {
+static jint native_addNaughtyApp(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jint uid) {
   const uint32_t appUids = static_cast<uint32_t>(abs(uid));
   Status status = mTc.updateUidOwnerMap(appUids, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH,
       TrafficController::IptOp::IptOpInsert);
-  if (!isOk(status)) {
-    ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, status.code());
-  }
+  CHECK_LOG(status);
   return (jint)status.code();
 }
 
-static jint native_removeNaughtyApp(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jint uid) {
+static jint native_removeNaughtyApp(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jint uid) {
   const uint32_t appUids = static_cast<uint32_t>(abs(uid));
   Status status = mTc.updateUidOwnerMap(appUids, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH,
       TrafficController::IptOp::IptOpDelete);
-  if (!isOk(status)) {
-    ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, status.code());
-  }
+  CHECK_LOG(status);
   return (jint)status.code();
 }
 
-static jint native_addNiceApp(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jint uid) {
+static jint native_addNiceApp(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jint uid) {
   const uint32_t appUids = static_cast<uint32_t>(abs(uid));
   Status status = mTc.updateUidOwnerMap(appUids, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,
       TrafficController::IptOp::IptOpInsert);
-  if (!isOk(status)) {
-    ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, status.code());
-  }
+  CHECK_LOG(status);
   return (jint)status.code();
 }
 
-static jint native_removeNiceApp(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jint uid) {
+static jint native_removeNiceApp(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jint uid) {
   const uint32_t appUids = static_cast<uint32_t>(abs(uid));
   Status status = mTc.updateUidOwnerMap(appUids, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,
       TrafficController::IptOp::IptOpDelete);
-  if (!isOk(status)) {
-    ALOGD("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, status.code());
-  }
+  CHECK_LOG(status);
   return (jint)status.code();
 }
 
-static jint native_setChildChain(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jint childChain, jboolean enable) {
+static jint native_setChildChain(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jint childChain, jboolean enable) {
   auto chain = static_cast<ChildChain>(childChain);
   int res = mTc.toggleUidOwnerMap(chain, enable);
-  if (res) {
-    ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, res);
-  }
+  if (res) ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, res);
   return (jint)res;
 }
 
-static jint native_replaceUidChain(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jstring name, jboolean isAllowlist,
-                                jintArray jUids) {
+static jint native_replaceUidChain(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jstring name, jboolean isAllowlist,
+                                   jintArray jUids) {
     const ScopedUtfChars chainNameUtf8(env, name);
-    if (chainNameUtf8.c_str() == nullptr) {
-        return -EINVAL;
-    }
+    if (chainNameUtf8.c_str() == nullptr) return -EINVAL;
     const std::string chainName(chainNameUtf8.c_str());
 
     ScopedIntArrayRO uids(env, jUids);
-    if (uids.get() == nullptr) {
-        return -EINVAL;
-    }
+    if (uids.get() == nullptr) return -EINVAL;
 
     size_t size = uids.size();
     static_assert(sizeof(*(uids.get())) == sizeof(int32_t));
     std::vector<int32_t> data ((int32_t *)&uids[0], (int32_t*)&uids[size]);
     int res = mTc.replaceUidOwnerMap(chainName, isAllowlist, data);
-    if (res) {
-      ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, res);
-    }
+    if (res) ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, res);
     return (jint)res;
 }
 
-static jint native_setUidRule(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jint childChain, jint uid,
-                          jint firewallRule) {
+static jint native_setUidRule(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jint childChain, jint uid,
+                              jint firewallRule) {
     auto chain = static_cast<ChildChain>(childChain);
     auto rule = static_cast<FirewallRule>(firewallRule);
     FirewallType fType = mTc.getFirewallType(chain);
 
     int res = mTc.changeUidOwnerRule(chain, uid, rule, fType);
-    if (res) {
-      ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, res);
-    }
+    if (res) ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, res);
     return (jint)res;
 }
 
-static jint native_addUidInterfaceRules(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jstring ifName,
-                                    jintArray jUids) {
-    const ScopedUtfChars ifNameUtf8(env, ifName);
-    if (ifNameUtf8.c_str() == nullptr) {
-        return -EINVAL;
+static jint native_addUidInterfaceRules(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jstring ifName,
+                                        jintArray jUids) {
+    // Null ifName is a wildcard to allow apps to receive packets on all interfaces and ifIndex is
+    // set to 0.
+    int ifIndex = 0;
+    if (ifName != nullptr) {
+        const ScopedUtfChars ifNameUtf8(env, ifName);
+        const std::string interfaceName(ifNameUtf8.c_str());
+        ifIndex = if_nametoindex(interfaceName.c_str());
     }
-    const std::string interfaceName(ifNameUtf8.c_str());
-    const int ifIndex = if_nametoindex(interfaceName.c_str());
 
     ScopedIntArrayRO uids(env, jUids);
-    if (uids.get() == nullptr) {
-        return -EINVAL;
-    }
+    if (uids.get() == nullptr) return -EINVAL;
 
     size_t size = uids.size();
     static_assert(sizeof(*(uids.get())) == sizeof(int32_t));
     std::vector<int32_t> data ((int32_t *)&uids[0], (int32_t*)&uids[size]);
     Status status = mTc.addUidInterfaceRules(ifIndex, data);
-    if (!isOk(status)) {
-        ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, status.code());
-    }
+    CHECK_LOG(status);
     return (jint)status.code();
 }
 
-static jint native_removeUidInterfaceRules(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jintArray jUids) {
+static jint native_removeUidInterfaceRules(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jintArray jUids) {
     ScopedIntArrayRO uids(env, jUids);
-    if (uids.get() == nullptr) {
-        return -EINVAL;
-    }
+    if (uids.get() == nullptr) return -EINVAL;
 
     size_t size = uids.size();
     static_assert(sizeof(*(uids.get())) == sizeof(int32_t));
     std::vector<int32_t> data ((int32_t *)&uids[0], (int32_t*)&uids[size]);
     Status status = mTc.removeUidInterfaceRules(data);
-    if (!isOk(status)) {
-        ALOGE("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, status.code());
-    }
+    CHECK_LOG(status);
     return (jint)status.code();
 }
 
-static jint native_swapActiveStatsMap(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz) {
+static jint native_updateUidLockdownRule(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jint uid, jboolean add) {
+    Status status = mTc.updateUidLockdownRule(uid, add);
+    CHECK_LOG(status);
+    return (jint)status.code();
+}
+
+static jint native_swapActiveStatsMap(JNIEnv* env, jobject self) {
     Status status = mTc.swapActiveStatsMap();
-    if (!isOk(status)) {
-        ALOGD("%s failed, error code = %d", __func__, status.code());
-    }
+    CHECK_LOG(status);
     return (jint)status.code();
 }
 
-static void native_setPermissionForUids(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jint permission,
-                                      jintArray jUids) {
+static void native_setPermissionForUids(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jint permission,
+                                        jintArray jUids) {
     ScopedIntArrayRO uids(env, jUids);
     if (uids.get() == nullptr) return;
 
@@ -190,7 +182,7 @@
     mTc.setPermissionForUids(permission, data);
 }
 
-static void native_dump(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jobject javaFd, jboolean verbose) {
+static void native_dump(JNIEnv* env, jobject self, jobject javaFd, jboolean verbose) {
     int fd = netjniutils::GetNativeFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
     if (fd < 0) {
         jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException", "Invalid file descriptor");
@@ -199,13 +191,17 @@
     mTc.dump(fd, verbose);
 }
 
+static jint native_synchronizeKernelRCU(JNIEnv* env, jobject self) {
+    return -bpf::synchronizeKernelRCU();
+}
+
 /*
  * JNI registration.
  */
 // clang-format off
 static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
     /* name, signature, funcPtr */
-    {"native_init", "()V",
+    {"native_init", "(Z)V",
     (void*)native_init},
     {"native_addNaughtyApp", "(I)I",
     (void*)native_addNaughtyApp},
@@ -225,19 +221,22 @@
     (void*)native_addUidInterfaceRules},
     {"native_removeUidInterfaceRules", "([I)I",
     (void*)native_removeUidInterfaceRules},
+    {"native_updateUidLockdownRule", "(IZ)I",
+    (void*)native_updateUidLockdownRule},
     {"native_swapActiveStatsMap", "()I",
     (void*)native_swapActiveStatsMap},
     {"native_setPermissionForUids", "(I[I)V",
     (void*)native_setPermissionForUids},
     {"native_dump", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;Z)V",
     (void*)native_dump},
+    {"native_synchronizeKernelRCU", "()I",
+    (void*)native_synchronizeKernelRCU},
 };
 // clang-format on
 
 int register_com_android_server_BpfNetMaps(JNIEnv* env) {
-    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env,
-    "com/android/server/BpfNetMaps",
-    gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
+    return jniRegisterNativeMethods(env, "com/android/server/BpfNetMaps",
+                                    gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
 }
 
 }; // namespace android
diff --git a/service/jni/com_android_server_TestNetworkService.cpp b/service/jni/com_android_server_TestNetworkService.cpp
index 4efd0e1..bd74d54 100644
--- a/service/jni/com_android_server_TestNetworkService.cpp
+++ b/service/jni/com_android_server_TestNetworkService.cpp
@@ -51,7 +51,16 @@
     jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/IllegalStateException", msg.c_str());
 }
 
-static int createTunTapInterface(JNIEnv* env, bool isTun, const char* iface) {
+// enable or disable  carrier on tun / tap interface.
+static void setTunTapCarrierEnabledImpl(JNIEnv* env, const char* iface, int tunFd, bool enabled) {
+    uint32_t carrierOn = enabled;
+    if (ioctl(tunFd, TUNSETCARRIER, &carrierOn)) {
+        throwException(env, errno, "set carrier", iface);
+    }
+}
+
+static int createTunTapImpl(JNIEnv* env, bool isTun, bool hasCarrier, bool setIffMulticast,
+                            const char* iface) {
     base::unique_fd tun(open("/dev/tun", O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK));
     ifreq ifr{};
 
@@ -63,39 +72,82 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    // Activate interface using an unconnected datagram socket.
-    base::unique_fd inet6CtrlSock(socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0));
-    ifr.ifr_flags = IFF_UP;
-    // Mark TAP interfaces as supporting multicast
-    if (!isTun) ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_MULTICAST;
+    if (!hasCarrier) {
+        // disable carrier before setting IFF_UP
+        setTunTapCarrierEnabledImpl(env, iface, tun.get(), hasCarrier);
+    }
 
-    if (ioctl(inet6CtrlSock.get(), SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr)) {
-        throwException(env, errno, "activating", ifr.ifr_name);
-        return -1;
+    // Mark some TAP interfaces as supporting multicast
+    if (setIffMulticast && !isTun) {
+        base::unique_fd inet6CtrlSock(socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0));
+        ifr.ifr_flags = IFF_MULTICAST;
+
+        if (ioctl(inet6CtrlSock.get(), SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr)) {
+            throwException(env, errno, "set IFF_MULTICAST", ifr.ifr_name);
+            return -1;
+        }
     }
 
     return tun.release();
 }
 
+static void bringUpInterfaceImpl(JNIEnv* env, const char* iface) {
+    // Activate interface using an unconnected datagram socket.
+    base::unique_fd inet6CtrlSock(socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0));
+
+    ifreq ifr{};
+    strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, iface, IFNAMSIZ);
+    if (ioctl(inet6CtrlSock.get(), SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr)) {
+        throwException(env, errno, "read flags", iface);
+        return;
+    }
+    ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
+    if (ioctl(inet6CtrlSock.get(), SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr)) {
+        throwException(env, errno, "set IFF_UP", iface);
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-static jint create(JNIEnv* env, jobject /* thiz */, jboolean isTun, jstring jIface) {
+
+
+static void setTunTapCarrierEnabled(JNIEnv* env, jclass /* clazz */, jstring
+                                    jIface, jint tunFd, jboolean enabled) {
+    ScopedUtfChars iface(env, jIface);
+    if (!iface.c_str()) {
+        jniThrowNullPointerException(env, "iface");
+        return;
+    }
+    setTunTapCarrierEnabledImpl(env, iface.c_str(), tunFd, enabled);
+}
+
+static jint createTunTap(JNIEnv* env, jclass /* clazz */, jboolean isTun,
+                             jboolean hasCarrier, jboolean setIffMulticast, jstring jIface) {
     ScopedUtfChars iface(env, jIface);
     if (!iface.c_str()) {
         jniThrowNullPointerException(env, "iface");
         return -1;
     }
 
-    int tun = createTunTapInterface(env, isTun, iface.c_str());
+    return createTunTapImpl(env, isTun, hasCarrier, setIffMulticast, iface.c_str());
+}
 
-    // Any exceptions will be thrown from the createTunTapInterface call
-    return tun;
+static void bringUpInterface(JNIEnv* env, jclass /* clazz */, jstring jIface) {
+    ScopedUtfChars iface(env, jIface);
+    if (!iface.c_str()) {
+        jniThrowNullPointerException(env, "iface");
+        return;
+    }
+    bringUpInterfaceImpl(env, iface.c_str());
 }
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 static const JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
-    {"jniCreateTunTap", "(ZLjava/lang/String;)I", (void*)create},
+    {"nativeSetTunTapCarrierEnabled", "(Ljava/lang/String;IZ)V", (void*)setTunTapCarrierEnabled},
+    {"nativeCreateTunTap", "(ZZZLjava/lang/String;)I", (void*)createTunTap},
+    {"nativeBringUpInterface", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V", (void*)bringUpInterface},
 };
 
 int register_com_android_server_TestNetworkService(JNIEnv* env) {
diff --git a/service/jni/com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator.cpp b/service/jni/com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator.cpp
index 500c696..de0e20a 100644
--- a/service/jni/com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator.cpp
+++ b/service/jni/com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator.cpp
@@ -314,7 +314,8 @@
     }
 
     // TODO: use android::base::ScopeGuard.
-    if (int ret = posix_spawnattr_setflags(&attr, POSIX_SPAWN_USEVFORK)) {
+    if (int ret = posix_spawnattr_setflags(&attr, POSIX_SPAWN_USEVFORK
+                                           | POSIX_SPAWN_CLOEXEC_DEFAULT)) {
         posix_spawnattr_destroy(&attr);
         throwIOException(env, "posix_spawnattr_setflags failed", ret);
         return -1;
@@ -420,7 +421,7 @@
     stopClatdProcess(pid);
 }
 
-static jlong com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator_tagSocketAsClat(
+static jlong com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator_getSocketCookie(
         JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz, jobject sockJavaFd) {
     int sockFd = netjniutils::GetNativeFileDescriptor(env, sockJavaFd);
     if (sockFd < 0) {
@@ -434,58 +435,10 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    bpf::BpfMap<uint64_t, UidTagValue> cookieTagMap;
-    auto res = cookieTagMap.init(COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        throwIOException(env, "failed to init the cookieTagMap", res.error().code());
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    // Tag raw socket with uid AID_CLAT and set tag as zero because tag is unused in bpf
-    // program for counting data usage in netd.c. Tagging socket is used to avoid counting
-    // duplicated clat traffic in bpf stat.
-    UidTagValue newKey = {.uid = (uint32_t)AID_CLAT, .tag = 0 /* unused */};
-    res = cookieTagMap.writeValue(sock_cookie, newKey, BPF_ANY);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException", "Failed to tag the socket: %s, fd: %d",
-                             strerror(res.error().code()), cookieTagMap.getMap().get());
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    ALOGI("tag uid AID_CLAT to socket fd %d, cookie %" PRIu64 "", sockFd, sock_cookie);
+    ALOGI("Get cookie %" PRIu64 " for socket fd %d", sock_cookie, sockFd);
     return static_cast<jlong>(sock_cookie);
 }
 
-static void com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator_untagSocket(JNIEnv* env, jobject clazz,
-                                                                        jlong cookie) {
-    uint64_t sock_cookie = static_cast<uint64_t>(cookie);
-    if (sock_cookie == bpf::NONEXISTENT_COOKIE) {
-        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException", "Invalid socket cookie");
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // The reason that deleting entry from cookie tag map directly is that the tag socket destroy
-    // listener only monitors on group INET_TCP, INET_UDP, INET6_TCP, INET6_UDP. The other socket
-    // types, ex: raw, are not able to be removed automatically by the listener.
-    // See TrafficController::makeSkDestroyListener.
-    bpf::BpfMap<uint64_t, UidTagValue> cookieTagMap;
-    auto res = cookieTagMap.init(COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        throwIOException(env, "failed to init the cookieTagMap", res.error().code());
-        return;
-    }
-
-    res = cookieTagMap.deleteValue(sock_cookie);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException", "Failed to untag the socket: %s",
-                             strerror(res.error().code()));
-        return;
-    }
-
-    ALOGI("untag socket cookie %" PRIu64 "", sock_cookie);
-    return;
-}
-
 /*
  * JNI registration.
  */
@@ -515,10 +468,8 @@
         {"native_stopClatd",
          "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;I)V",
          (void*)com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator_stopClatd},
-        {"native_tagSocketAsClat", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)J",
-         (void*)com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator_tagSocketAsClat},
-        {"native_untagSocket", "(J)V",
-         (void*)com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator_untagSocket},
+        {"native_getSocketCookie", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)J",
+         (void*)com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator_getSocketCookie},
 };
 
 int register_com_android_server_connectivity_ClatCoordinator(JNIEnv* env) {
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ConnectivityMonitor.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ConnectivityMonitor.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b99d0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ConnectivityMonitor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+/** Interface for monitoring connectivity changes. */
+public interface ConnectivityMonitor {
+    /**
+     * Starts monitoring changes of connectivity of this device, which may indicate that the list of
+     * network interfaces available for multi-cast messaging has changed.
+     */
+    void startWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+
+    /** Stops monitoring changes of connectivity. */
+    void stopWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+
+    void notifyConnectivityChange();
+
+    /** Listener interface for receiving connectivity changes. */
+    interface Listener {
+        void onConnectivityChanged();
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManager.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3563d61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
+import android.net.Network;
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
+import android.net.NetworkRequest;
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.util.MdnsLogger;
+
+/** Class for monitoring connectivity changes using {@link ConnectivityManager}. */
+public class ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManager implements ConnectivityMonitor {
+    private static final String TAG = "ConnMntrWConnMgr";
+    private static final MdnsLogger LOGGER = new MdnsLogger(TAG);
+
+    private final Listener listener;
+    private final ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback networkCallback;
+    private final ConnectivityManager connectivityManager;
+    // TODO(b/71901993): Ideally we shouldn't need this flag. However we still don't have clues why
+    // the receiver is unregistered twice yet.
+    private boolean isCallbackRegistered = false;
+
+    @SuppressWarnings({"nullness:assignment", "nullness:method.invocation"})
+    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
+    public ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManager(Context context, Listener listener) {
+        this.listener = listener;
+
+        connectivityManager =
+                (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
+        networkCallback =
+                new ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onAvailable(Network network) {
+                        LOGGER.log("network available.");
+                        notifyConnectivityChange();
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onLost(Network network) {
+                        LOGGER.log("network lost.");
+                        notifyConnectivityChange();
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onUnavailable() {
+                        LOGGER.log("network unavailable.");
+                        notifyConnectivityChange();
+                    }
+                };
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void notifyConnectivityChange() {
+        listener.onConnectivityChanged();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts monitoring changes of connectivity of this device, which may indicate that the list of
+     * network interfaces available for multi-cast messaging has changed.
+     */
+    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
+    @Override
+    public void startWatchingConnectivityChanges() {
+        LOGGER.log("Start watching connectivity changes");
+        if (isCallbackRegistered) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        connectivityManager.registerNetworkCallback(
+                new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(
+                        NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI).build(),
+                networkCallback);
+        isCallbackRegistered = true;
+    }
+
+    /** Stops monitoring changes of connectivity. */
+    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
+    @Override
+    public void stopWatchingConnectivityChanges() {
+        LOGGER.log("Stop watching connectivity changes");
+        if (!isCallbackRegistered) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        connectivityManager.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
+        isCallbackRegistered = false;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f366363
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable.java
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.Pair;
+
+import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.util.MdnsLogger;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+
+/**
+ * A {@link Callable} that builds and enqueues a mDNS query to send over the multicast socket. If a
+ * query is built and enqueued successfully, then call to {@link #call()} returns the transaction ID
+ * and the list of the subtypes in the query as a {@link Pair}. If a query is failed to build, or if
+ * it can not be enqueued, then call to {@link #call()} returns {@code null}.
+ */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+public class EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable implements Callable<Pair<Integer, List<String>>> {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "MdnsQueryCallable";
+    private static final MdnsLogger LOGGER = new MdnsLogger(TAG);
+    private static final List<Integer> castShellEmulatorMdnsPorts;
+
+    static {
+        castShellEmulatorMdnsPorts = new ArrayList<>();
+        String[] stringPorts = MdnsConfigs.castShellEmulatorMdnsPorts();
+
+        for (String port : stringPorts) {
+            try {
+                castShellEmulatorMdnsPorts.add(Integer.parseInt(port));
+            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                // Ignore.
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final WeakReference<MdnsSocketClient> weakRequestSender;
+    private final MdnsPacketWriter packetWriter;
+    private final String[] serviceTypeLabels;
+    private final List<String> subtypes;
+    private final boolean expectUnicastResponse;
+    private final int transactionId;
+
+    EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable(
+            @NonNull MdnsSocketClient requestSender,
+            @NonNull MdnsPacketWriter packetWriter,
+            @NonNull String serviceType,
+            @NonNull Collection<String> subtypes,
+            boolean expectUnicastResponse,
+            int transactionId) {
+        weakRequestSender = new WeakReference<>(requestSender);
+        this.packetWriter = packetWriter;
+        serviceTypeLabels = TextUtils.split(serviceType, "\\.");
+        this.subtypes = new ArrayList<>(subtypes);
+        this.expectUnicastResponse = expectUnicastResponse;
+        this.transactionId = transactionId;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Pair<Integer, List<String>> call() {
+        try {
+            MdnsSocketClient requestSender = weakRequestSender.get();
+            if (requestSender == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            int numQuestions = 1;
+            if (!subtypes.isEmpty()) {
+                numQuestions += subtypes.size();
+            }
+
+            // Header.
+            packetWriter.writeUInt16(transactionId); // transaction ID
+            packetWriter.writeUInt16(MdnsConstants.FLAGS_QUERY); // flags
+            packetWriter.writeUInt16(numQuestions); // number of questions
+            packetWriter.writeUInt16(0); // number of answers (not yet known; will be written later)
+            packetWriter.writeUInt16(0); // number of authority entries
+            packetWriter.writeUInt16(0); // number of additional records
+
+            // Question(s). There will be one question for each (fqdn+subtype, recordType)
+          // combination,
+            // as well as one for each (fqdn, recordType) combination.
+
+            for (String subtype : subtypes) {
+                String[] labels = new String[serviceTypeLabels.length + 2];
+                labels[0] = MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_PREFIX + subtype;
+                labels[1] = MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_LABEL;
+                System.arraycopy(serviceTypeLabels, 0, labels, 2, serviceTypeLabels.length);
+
+                packetWriter.writeLabels(labels);
+                packetWriter.writeUInt16(MdnsRecord.TYPE_PTR);
+                packetWriter.writeUInt16(
+                        MdnsConstants.QCLASS_INTERNET
+                                | (expectUnicastResponse ? MdnsConstants.QCLASS_UNICAST : 0));
+            }
+
+            packetWriter.writeLabels(serviceTypeLabels);
+            packetWriter.writeUInt16(MdnsRecord.TYPE_PTR);
+            packetWriter.writeUInt16(
+                    MdnsConstants.QCLASS_INTERNET
+                            | (expectUnicastResponse ? MdnsConstants.QCLASS_UNICAST : 0));
+
+            InetAddress mdnsAddress = MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address();
+            if (requestSender.isOnIPv6OnlyNetwork()) {
+                mdnsAddress = MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address();
+            }
+
+            sendPacketTo(requestSender,
+                    new InetSocketAddress(mdnsAddress, MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
+            for (Integer emulatorPort : castShellEmulatorMdnsPorts) {
+                sendPacketTo(requestSender, new InetSocketAddress(mdnsAddress, emulatorPort));
+            }
+            return Pair.create(transactionId, subtypes);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            LOGGER.e(String.format("Failed to create mDNS packet for subtype: %s.",
+                    TextUtils.join(",", subtypes)), e);
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void sendPacketTo(MdnsSocketClient requestSender, InetSocketAddress address)
+            throws IOException {
+        DatagramPacket packet = packetWriter.getPacket(address);
+        if (expectUnicastResponse) {
+            requestSender.sendUnicastPacket(packet);
+        } else {
+            requestSender.sendMulticastPacket(packet);
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ExecutorProvider.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ExecutorProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72b65e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ExecutorProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.util.ArraySet;
+
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides {@link ScheduledExecutorService} instances to {@link MdnsServiceTypeClient}
+ * instances, and provides method to shutdown all the created executors.
+ */
+public class ExecutorProvider {
+
+    private final Set<ScheduledExecutorService> serviceTypeClientSchedulerExecutors =
+            new ArraySet<>();
+
+    /** Returns a new {@link ScheduledExecutorService} instance. */
+    public ScheduledExecutorService newServiceTypeClientSchedulerExecutor() {
+        // TODO: actually use a pool ?
+        ScheduledExecutorService executor = new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1);
+        serviceTypeClientSchedulerExecutors.add(executor);
+        return executor;
+    }
+
+    /** Shuts down all the created {@link ScheduledExecutorService} instances. */
+    public void shutdownAll() {
+        for (ScheduledExecutorService executor : serviceTypeClientSchedulerExecutors) {
+            executor.shutdownNow();
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsConfigs.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsConfigs.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..922037b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsConfigs.java
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+/**
+ * mDNS configuration values.
+ *
+ * TODO: consider making some of these adjustable via flags.
+ */
+public class MdnsConfigs {
+    public static String[] castShellEmulatorMdnsPorts() {
+        return new String[0];
+    }
+
+    public static long initialTimeBetweenBurstsMs() {
+        return 5000L;
+    }
+
+    public static long timeBetweenBurstsMs() {
+        return 20_000L;
+    }
+
+    public static int queriesPerBurst() {
+        return 3;
+    }
+
+    public static long timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs() {
+        return 1000L;
+    }
+
+    public static int queriesPerBurstPassive() {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean alwaysAskForUnicastResponseInEachBurst() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean useSessionIdToScheduleMdnsTask() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean shouldCancelScanTaskWhenFutureIsNull() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public static long sleepTimeForSocketThreadMs() {
+        return 20_000L;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean checkMulticastResponse() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean useSeparateSocketToSendUnicastQuery() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public static long checkMulticastResponseIntervalMs() {
+        return 10_000L;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean clearMdnsPacketQueueAfterDiscoveryStops() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean allowAddMdnsPacketAfterDiscoveryStops() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public static int mdnsPacketQueueMaxSize() {
+        return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean preferIpv6() {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsConstants.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsConstants.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b2066a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsConstants.java
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+
+/** mDNS-related constants. */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+@VisibleForTesting
+public final class MdnsConstants {
+    public static final int MDNS_PORT = 5353;
+    // Flags word format is:
+    // 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00
+    // QR [ Opcode  ] AA TC RD RA  Z AD CD [  Rcode  ]
+    // See http://www.networksorcery.com/enp/protocol/dns.htm
+    // For responses, QR bit should be 1, AA - CD bits should be ignored, and all other bits
+    // should be 0.
+    public static final int FLAGS_QUERY = 0x0000;
+    public static final int FLAGS_RESPONSE_MASK = 0xF80F;
+    public static final int FLAGS_RESPONSE = 0x8000;
+    public static final int QCLASS_INTERNET = 0x0001;
+    public static final int QCLASS_UNICAST = 0x8000;
+    public static final String SUBTYPE_LABEL = "_sub";
+    public static final String SUBTYPE_PREFIX = "_";
+    private static final String MDNS_IPV4_HOST_ADDRESS = "224.0.0.251";
+    private static final String MDNS_IPV6_HOST_ADDRESS = "FF02::FB";
+    private static InetAddress mdnsAddress;
+    private static Charset utf8Charset;
+    private MdnsConstants() {
+    }
+
+    public static InetAddress getMdnsIPv4Address() {
+        synchronized (MdnsConstants.class) {
+            InetAddress addr = null;
+            try {
+                addr = InetAddress.getByName(MDNS_IPV4_HOST_ADDRESS);
+            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+                /* won't happen */
+            }
+            mdnsAddress = addr;
+            return mdnsAddress;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static InetAddress getMdnsIPv6Address() {
+        synchronized (MdnsConstants.class) {
+            InetAddress addr = null;
+            try {
+                addr = InetAddress.getByName(MDNS_IPV6_HOST_ADDRESS);
+            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+                /* won't happen */
+            }
+            mdnsAddress = addr;
+            return mdnsAddress;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Charset getUtf8Charset() {
+        synchronized (MdnsConstants.class) {
+            if (utf8Charset == null) {
+                utf8Charset = getUtf8CharsetOnKitKat();
+            }
+            return utf8Charset;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
+    private static Charset getUtf8CharsetOnKitKat() {
+        return StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManager.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManager.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1faa6ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManager.java
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.Manifest.permission;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.ArrayMap;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.util.MdnsLogger;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * This class keeps tracking the set of registered {@link MdnsServiceBrowserListener} instances, and
+ * notify them when a mDNS service instance is found, updated, or removed?
+ */
+public class MdnsDiscoveryManager implements MdnsSocketClient.Callback {
+
+    private static final MdnsLogger LOGGER = new MdnsLogger("MdnsDiscoveryManager");
+
+    private final ExecutorProvider executorProvider;
+    private final MdnsSocketClient socketClient;
+
+    private final Map<String, MdnsServiceTypeClient> serviceTypeClients = new ArrayMap<>();
+
+    public MdnsDiscoveryManager(
+            @NonNull ExecutorProvider executorProvider, @NonNull MdnsSocketClient socketClient) {
+        this.executorProvider = executorProvider;
+        this.socketClient = socketClient;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts (or continue) to discovery mDNS services with given {@code serviceType}, and registers
+     * {@code listener} for receiving mDNS service discovery responses.
+     *
+     * @param serviceType   The type of the service to discover.
+     * @param listener      The {@link MdnsServiceBrowserListener} listener.
+     * @param searchOptions The {@link MdnsSearchOptions} to be used for discovering {@code
+     *                      serviceType}.
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE)
+    public synchronized void registerListener(
+            @NonNull String serviceType,
+            @NonNull MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener,
+            @NonNull MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions) {
+        LOGGER.log(
+                "Registering listener for subtypes: %s",
+                TextUtils.join(",", searchOptions.getSubtypes()));
+        if (serviceTypeClients.isEmpty()) {
+            // First listener. Starts the socket client.
+            try {
+                socketClient.startDiscovery();
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                LOGGER.e("Failed to start discover.", e);
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        // All listeners of the same service types shares the same MdnsServiceTypeClient.
+        MdnsServiceTypeClient serviceTypeClient = serviceTypeClients.get(serviceType);
+        if (serviceTypeClient == null) {
+            serviceTypeClient = createServiceTypeClient(serviceType);
+            serviceTypeClients.put(serviceType, serviceTypeClient);
+        }
+        serviceTypeClient.startSendAndReceive(listener, searchOptions);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unregister {@code listener} for receiving mDNS service discovery responses. IF no listener is
+     * registered for the given service type, stops discovery for the service type.
+     *
+     * @param serviceType The type of the service to discover.
+     * @param listener    The {@link MdnsServiceBrowserListener} listener.
+     */
+    @RequiresPermission(permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE)
+    public synchronized void unregisterListener(
+            @NonNull String serviceType, @NonNull MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener) {
+        LOGGER.log("Unregistering listener for service type: %s", serviceType);
+        MdnsServiceTypeClient serviceTypeClient = serviceTypeClients.get(serviceType);
+        if (serviceTypeClient == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (serviceTypeClient.stopSendAndReceive(listener)) {
+            // No listener is registered for the service type anymore, remove it from the list of
+          // the
+            // service type clients.
+            serviceTypeClients.remove(serviceType);
+            if (serviceTypeClients.isEmpty()) {
+                // No discovery request. Stops the socket client.
+                socketClient.stopDiscovery();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void onResponseReceived(@NonNull MdnsResponse response) {
+        String[] name =
+                response.getPointerRecords().isEmpty()
+                        ? null
+                        : response.getPointerRecords().get(0).getName();
+        if (name != null) {
+            for (MdnsServiceTypeClient serviceTypeClient : serviceTypeClients.values()) {
+                String[] serviceType = serviceTypeClient.getServiceTypeLabels();
+                if ((Arrays.equals(name, serviceType)
+                        || ((name.length == (serviceType.length + 2))
+                        && name[1].equals(MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_LABEL)
+                        && MdnsRecord.labelsAreSuffix(serviceType, name)))) {
+                    serviceTypeClient.processResponse(response);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(int receivedPacketNumber, int errorCode) {
+        for (MdnsServiceTypeClient serviceTypeClient : serviceTypeClients.values()) {
+            serviceTypeClient.onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(receivedPacketNumber, errorCode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    MdnsServiceTypeClient createServiceTypeClient(@NonNull String serviceType) {
+        return new MdnsServiceTypeClient(
+                serviceType, socketClient,
+                executorProvider.newServiceTypeClientSchedulerExecutor());
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsInetAddressRecord.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsInetAddressRecord.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd47414
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsInetAddressRecord.java
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/** An mDNS "AAAA" or "A" record, which holds an IPv6 or IPv4 address. */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+@VisibleForTesting
+public class MdnsInetAddressRecord extends MdnsRecord {
+    private Inet6Address inet6Address;
+    private Inet4Address inet4Address;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs the {@link MdnsRecord}
+     *
+     * @param name   the service host name
+     * @param type   the type of record (either Type 'AAAA' or Type 'A')
+     * @param reader the reader to read the record from.
+     */
+    public MdnsInetAddressRecord(String[] name, int type, MdnsPacketReader reader)
+            throws IOException {
+        super(name, type, reader);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the IPv6 address. */
+    public Inet6Address getInet6Address() {
+        return inet6Address;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the IPv4 address. */
+    public Inet4Address getInet4Address() {
+        return inet4Address;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void readData(MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+        int size = 4;
+        if (super.getType() == MdnsRecord.TYPE_AAAA) {
+            size = 16;
+        }
+        byte[] buf = new byte[size];
+        reader.readBytes(buf);
+        try {
+            InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByAddress(buf);
+            if (address instanceof Inet4Address) {
+                inet4Address = (Inet4Address) address;
+                inet6Address = null;
+            } else if (address instanceof Inet6Address) {
+                inet4Address = null;
+                inet6Address = (Inet6Address) address;
+            } else {
+                inet4Address = null;
+                inet6Address = null;
+            }
+        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+            // Ignore exception
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void writeData(MdnsPacketWriter writer) throws IOException {
+        byte[] buf = null;
+        if (inet4Address != null) {
+            buf = inet4Address.getAddress();
+        } else if (inet6Address != null) {
+            buf = inet6Address.getAddress();
+        }
+        if (buf != null) {
+            writer.writeBytes(buf);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        String type = "AAAA";
+        if (super.getType() == MdnsRecord.TYPE_A) {
+            type = "A";
+        }
+        return String.format(
+                Locale.ROOT, "%s: Inet4Address: %s Inet6Address: %s", type, inet4Address,
+                inet6Address);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return (super.hashCode() * 31)
+                + Objects.hashCode(inet4Address)
+                + Objects.hashCode(inet6Address);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (this == other) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(other instanceof MdnsInetAddressRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return super.equals(other)
+                && Objects.equals(inet4Address, ((MdnsInetAddressRecord) other).inet4Address)
+                && Objects.equals(inet6Address, ((MdnsInetAddressRecord) other).inet6Address);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacketReader.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacketReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61c5f5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacketReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import java.io.EOFException;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/** Simple decoder for mDNS packets. */
+public class MdnsPacketReader {
+    private final byte[] buf;
+    private final int count;
+    private final SparseArray<LabelEntry> labelDictionary;
+    private int pos;
+    private int limit;
+
+    /** Constructs a reader for the given packet. */
+    public MdnsPacketReader(DatagramPacket packet) {
+        buf = packet.getData();
+        count = packet.getLength();
+        pos = 0;
+        limit = -1;
+        labelDictionary = new SparseArray<>(16);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets a temporary limit (from the current read position) for subsequent reads. Any attempt to
+     * read past this limit will result in an EOFException.
+     *
+     * @param limit The new limit.
+     * @throws IOException If there is insufficient data for the new limit.
+     */
+    public void setLimit(int limit) throws IOException {
+        if (limit >= 0) {
+            if (pos + limit <= count) {
+                this.limit = pos + limit;
+            } else {
+                throw new IOException(
+                        String.format(
+                                Locale.ROOT,
+                                "attempt to set limit beyond available data: %d exceeds %d",
+                                pos + limit,
+                                count));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Clears the limit set by {@link #setLimit}. */
+    public void clearLimit() {
+        limit = -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of bytes left to read, between the current read position and either the
+     * limit (if set) or the end of the packet.
+     */
+    public int getRemaining() {
+        return (limit >= 0 ? limit : count) - pos;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads an unsigned 8-bit integer.
+     *
+     * @throws EOFException If there are not enough bytes remaining in the packet to satisfy the
+     *                      read.
+     */
+    public int readUInt8() throws EOFException {
+        checkRemaining(1);
+        byte val = buf[pos++];
+        return val & 0xFF;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads an unsigned 16-bit integer.
+     *
+     * @throws EOFException If there are not enough bytes remaining in the packet to satisfy the
+     *                      read.
+     */
+    public int readUInt16() throws EOFException {
+        checkRemaining(2);
+        int val = (buf[pos++] & 0xFF) << 8;
+        val |= (buf[pos++]) & 0xFF;
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads an unsigned 32-bit integer.
+     *
+     * @throws EOFException If there are not enough bytes remaining in the packet to satisfy the
+     *                      read.
+     */
+    public long readUInt32() throws EOFException {
+        checkRemaining(4);
+        long val = (long) (buf[pos++] & 0xFF) << 24;
+        val |= (long) (buf[pos++] & 0xFF) << 16;
+        val |= (long) (buf[pos++] & 0xFF) << 8;
+        val |= buf[pos++] & 0xFF;
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a sequence of labels and returns them as an array of strings. A sequence of labels is
+     * either a sequence of strings terminated by a NUL byte, a sequence of strings terminated by a
+     * pointer, or a pointer.
+     *
+     * @throws EOFException If there are not enough bytes remaining in the packet to satisfy the
+     *                      read.
+     * @throws IOException  If invalid data is read.
+     */
+    public String[] readLabels() throws IOException {
+        List<String> result = new ArrayList<>(5);
+        LabelEntry previousEntry = null;
+
+        while (getRemaining() > 0) {
+            byte nextByte = peekByte();
+
+            if (nextByte == 0) {
+                // A NUL byte terminates a sequence of labels.
+                skip(1);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            int currentOffset = pos;
+
+            boolean isLabelPointer = (nextByte & 0xC0) == 0xC0;
+            if (isLabelPointer) {
+                // A pointer terminates a sequence of labels. Store the pointer value in the
+                // previous label entry.
+                int labelOffset = ((readUInt8() & 0x3F) << 8) | (readUInt8() & 0xFF);
+                if (previousEntry != null) {
+                    previousEntry.nextOffset = labelOffset;
+                }
+
+                // Follow the chain of labels starting at this pointer, adding all of them onto the
+                // result.
+                while (labelOffset != 0) {
+                    LabelEntry entry = labelDictionary.get(labelOffset);
+                    if (entry == null) {
+                        throw new IOException(
+                                String.format(Locale.ROOT, "Invalid label pointer: %04X",
+                                        labelOffset));
+                    }
+                    result.add(entry.label);
+                    labelOffset = entry.nextOffset;
+                }
+                break;
+            } else {
+                // It's an ordinary label. Chain it onto the previous label entry (if any), and add
+                // it onto the result.
+                String val = readString();
+                LabelEntry newEntry = new LabelEntry(val);
+                labelDictionary.put(currentOffset, newEntry);
+
+                if (previousEntry != null) {
+                    previousEntry.nextOffset = currentOffset;
+                }
+                previousEntry = newEntry;
+                result.add(val);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result.toArray(new String[result.size()]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a length-prefixed string.
+     *
+     * @throws EOFException If there are not enough bytes remaining in the packet to satisfy the
+     *                      read.
+     */
+    public String readString() throws EOFException {
+        int len = readUInt8();
+        checkRemaining(len);
+        String val = new String(buf, pos, len, MdnsConstants.getUtf8Charset());
+        pos += len;
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads a specific number of bytes.
+     *
+     * @param bytes The array to fill.
+     * @throws EOFException If there are not enough bytes remaining in the packet to satisfy the
+     *                      read.
+     */
+    public void readBytes(byte[] bytes) throws EOFException {
+        checkRemaining(bytes.length);
+        System.arraycopy(buf, pos, bytes, 0, bytes.length);
+        pos += bytes.length;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Skips over the given number of bytes.
+     *
+     * @param count The number of bytes to read and discard.
+     * @throws EOFException If there are not enough bytes remaining in the packet to satisfy the
+     *                      read.
+     */
+    public void skip(int count) throws EOFException {
+        checkRemaining(count);
+        pos += count;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Peeks at and returns the next byte in the packet, without advancing the read position.
+     *
+     * @throws EOFException If there are not enough bytes remaining in the packet to satisfy the
+     *                      read.
+     */
+    public byte peekByte() throws EOFException {
+        checkRemaining(1);
+        return buf[pos];
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the current byte position of the reader for the data packet. */
+    public int getPosition() {
+        return pos;
+    }
+
+    // Checks if the number of remaining bytes to be read in the packet is at least |count|.
+    private void checkRemaining(int count) throws EOFException {
+        if (getRemaining() < count) {
+            throw new EOFException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class LabelEntry {
+        public final String label;
+        public int nextOffset = 0;
+
+        public LabelEntry(String label) {
+            this.label = label;
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacketWriter.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacketWriter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fed36d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacketWriter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.net.SocketAddress;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/** Simple encoder for mDNS packets. */
+public class MdnsPacketWriter {
+    private static final int MDNS_POINTER_MASK = 0xC000;
+    private final byte[] data;
+    private final Map<Integer, String[]> labelDictionary;
+    private int pos = 0;
+    private int savedWritePos = -1;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a writer for a new packet.
+     *
+     * @param maxSize The maximum size of a packet.
+     */
+    public MdnsPacketWriter(int maxSize) {
+        if (maxSize <= 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid size");
+        }
+
+        data = new byte[maxSize];
+        labelDictionary = new HashMap<>();
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the current write position. */
+    public int getWritePosition() {
+        return pos;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Saves the current write position and then rewinds the write position by the given number of
+     * bytes. This is useful for updating length fields earlier in the packet. Rewinds cannot be
+     * nested.
+     *
+     * @param position The position to rewind to.
+     * @throws IOException If the count would go beyond the beginning of the packet, or if there is
+     *                     already a rewind in effect.
+     */
+    public void rewind(int position) throws IOException {
+        if ((savedWritePos != -1) || (position > pos) || (position < 0)) {
+            throw new IOException("invalid rewind");
+        }
+
+        savedWritePos = pos;
+        pos = position;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the current write position to what it was prior to the last rewind.
+     *
+     * @throws IOException If there was no rewind in effect.
+     */
+    public void unrewind() throws IOException {
+        if (savedWritePos == -1) {
+            throw new IOException("no rewind is in effect");
+        }
+        pos = savedWritePos;
+        savedWritePos = -1;
+    }
+
+    /** Clears any rewind state. */
+    public void clearRewind() {
+        savedWritePos = -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes an unsigned 8-bit integer.
+     *
+     * @param value The value to write.
+     * @throws IOException If there is not enough space remaining in the packet.
+     */
+    public void writeUInt8(int value) throws IOException {
+        checkRemaining(1);
+        data[pos++] = (byte) (value & 0xFF);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes an unsigned 16-bit integer.
+     *
+     * @param value The value to write.
+     * @throws IOException If there is not enough space remaining in the packet.
+     */
+    public void writeUInt16(int value) throws IOException {
+        checkRemaining(2);
+        data[pos++] = (byte) ((value >>> 8) & 0xFF);
+        data[pos++] = (byte) (value & 0xFF);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes an unsigned 32-bit integer.
+     *
+     * @param value The value to write.
+     * @throws IOException If there is not enough space remaining in the packet.
+     */
+    public void writeUInt32(long value) throws IOException {
+        checkRemaining(4);
+        data[pos++] = (byte) ((value >>> 24) & 0xFF);
+        data[pos++] = (byte) ((value >>> 16) & 0xFF);
+        data[pos++] = (byte) ((value >>> 8) & 0xFF);
+        data[pos++] = (byte) (value & 0xFF);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a specific number of bytes.
+     *
+     * @param data The array to write.
+     * @throws IOException If there is not enough space remaining in the packet.
+     */
+    public void writeBytes(byte[] data) throws IOException {
+        checkRemaining(data.length);
+        System.arraycopy(data, 0, this.data, pos, data.length);
+        pos += data.length;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a string.
+     *
+     * @param value The string to write.
+     * @throws IOException If there is not enough space remaining in the packet.
+     */
+    public void writeString(String value) throws IOException {
+        byte[] utf8 = value.getBytes(MdnsConstants.getUtf8Charset());
+        writeUInt8(utf8.length);
+        writeBytes(utf8);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes a series of labels. Uses name compression.
+     *
+     * @param labels The labels to write.
+     * @throws IOException If there is not enough space remaining in the packet.
+     */
+    public void writeLabels(String[] labels) throws IOException {
+        // See section 4.1.4 of RFC 1035 (http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1035) for a description
+        // of the name compression method used here.
+
+        int suffixLength = 0;
+        int suffixPointer = 0;
+
+        for (Map.Entry<Integer, String[]> entry : labelDictionary.entrySet()) {
+            int existingOffset = entry.getKey();
+            String[] existingLabels = entry.getValue();
+
+            if (Arrays.equals(existingLabels, labels)) {
+                writePointer(existingOffset);
+                return;
+            } else if (MdnsRecord.labelsAreSuffix(existingLabels, labels)) {
+                // Keep track of the longest matching suffix so far.
+                if (existingLabels.length > suffixLength) {
+                    suffixLength = existingLabels.length;
+                    suffixPointer = existingOffset;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (suffixLength > 0) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < (labels.length - suffixLength); ++i) {
+                writeString(labels[i]);
+            }
+            writePointer(suffixPointer);
+        } else {
+            int[] offsets = new int[labels.length];
+            for (int i = 0; i < labels.length; ++i) {
+                offsets[i] = getWritePosition();
+                writeString(labels[i]);
+            }
+            writeUInt8(0); // NUL terminator
+
+            // Add entries to the label dictionary for each suffix of the label list, including
+            // the whole list itself.
+            for (int i = 0, len = labels.length; i < labels.length; ++i, --len) {
+                String[] value = new String[len];
+                System.arraycopy(labels, i, value, 0, len);
+                labelDictionary.put(offsets[i], value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the number of bytes that can still be written. */
+    public int getRemaining() {
+        return data.length - pos;
+    }
+
+    // Writes a pointer to a label.
+    private void writePointer(int offset) throws IOException {
+        writeUInt16(MDNS_POINTER_MASK | offset);
+    }
+
+    // Checks if the remaining space in the packet is at least |count|.
+    private void checkRemaining(int count) throws IOException {
+        if (getRemaining() < count) {
+            throw new IOException();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Builds and returns the packet. */
+    public DatagramPacket getPacket(SocketAddress destAddress) throws IOException {
+        return new DatagramPacket(data, pos, destAddress);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPointerRecord.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPointerRecord.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0166815
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPointerRecord.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/** An mDNS "PTR" record, which holds a name (the "pointer"). */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+@VisibleForTesting
+public class MdnsPointerRecord extends MdnsRecord {
+    private String[] pointer;
+
+    public MdnsPointerRecord(String[] name, MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+        super(name, TYPE_PTR, reader);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the pointer as an array of labels. */
+    public String[] getPointer() {
+        return pointer;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void readData(MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+        pointer = reader.readLabels();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void writeData(MdnsPacketWriter writer) throws IOException {
+        writer.writeLabels(pointer);
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasSubtype() {
+        return (name != null) && (name.length > 2) && name[1].equals(MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_LABEL);
+    }
+
+    public String getSubtype() {
+        return hasSubtype() ? name[0] : null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "PTR: " + labelsToString(name) + " -> " + labelsToString(pointer);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return (super.hashCode() * 31) + Arrays.hashCode(pointer);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (this == other) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(other instanceof MdnsPointerRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return super.equals(other) && Arrays.equals(pointer, ((MdnsPointerRecord) other).pointer);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecord.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecord.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24fb09e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecord.java
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Abstract base class for mDNS records. Stores the header fields and provides methods for reading
+ * the record from and writing it to a packet.
+ */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+public abstract class MdnsRecord {
+    public static final int TYPE_A = 0x0001;
+    public static final int TYPE_AAAA = 0x001C;
+    public static final int TYPE_PTR = 0x000C;
+    public static final int TYPE_SRV = 0x0021;
+    public static final int TYPE_TXT = 0x0010;
+
+    /** Status indicating that the record is current. */
+    public static final int STATUS_OK = 0;
+    /** Status indicating that the record has expired (TTL reached 0). */
+    public static final int STATUS_EXPIRED = 1;
+    /** Status indicating that the record should be refreshed (Less than half of TTL remains.) */
+    public static final int STATUS_NEEDS_REFRESH = 2;
+
+    protected final String[] name;
+    private final int type;
+    private final int cls;
+    private final long receiptTimeMillis;
+    private final long ttlMillis;
+    private Object key;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new record with the given name and type.
+     *
+     * @param reader The reader to read the record from.
+     * @throws IOException If an error occurs while reading the packet.
+     */
+    protected MdnsRecord(String[] name, int type, MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+        this.name = name;
+        this.type = type;
+        cls = reader.readUInt16();
+        ttlMillis = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(reader.readUInt32());
+        int dataLength = reader.readUInt16();
+
+        receiptTimeMillis = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+
+        reader.setLimit(dataLength);
+        readData(reader);
+        reader.clearLimit();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts an array of labels into their dot-separated string representation. This method
+     * should
+     * be used for logging purposes only.
+     */
+    public static String labelsToString(String[] labels) {
+        if (labels == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return TextUtils.join(".", labels);
+    }
+
+    /** Tests if |list1| is a suffix of |list2|. */
+    public static boolean labelsAreSuffix(String[] list1, String[] list2) {
+        int offset = list2.length - list1.length;
+
+        if (offset < 1) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < list1.length; ++i) {
+            if (!list1[i].equals(list2[i + offset])) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the record's receipt (creation) time. */
+    public final long getReceiptTime() {
+        return receiptTimeMillis;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the record's name. */
+    public String[] getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the record's original TTL, in milliseconds. */
+    public final long getTtl() {
+        return ttlMillis;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the record's type. */
+    public final int getType() {
+        return type;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the record's remaining TTL.
+     *
+     * @param now The current system time.
+     * @return The remaning TTL, in milliseconds.
+     */
+    public long getRemainingTTL(final long now) {
+        long age = now - receiptTimeMillis;
+        if (age > ttlMillis) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        return ttlMillis - age;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reads the record's payload from a packet.
+     *
+     * @param reader The reader to use.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
+     */
+    protected abstract void readData(MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException;
+
+    /**
+     * Writes the record to a packet.
+     *
+     * @param writer The writer to use.
+     * @param now    The current system time. This is used when writing the updated TTL.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public final void write(MdnsPacketWriter writer, long now) throws IOException {
+        writer.writeLabels(name);
+        writer.writeUInt16(type);
+        writer.writeUInt16(cls);
+
+        writer.writeUInt32(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(getRemainingTTL(now)));
+
+        int dataLengthPos = writer.getWritePosition();
+        writer.writeUInt16(0); // data length
+        int dataPos = writer.getWritePosition();
+
+        writeData(writer);
+
+        // Calculate amount of data written, and overwrite the data field earlier in the packet.
+        int endPos = writer.getWritePosition();
+        int dataLength = endPos - dataPos;
+        writer.rewind(dataLengthPos);
+        writer.writeUInt16(dataLength);
+        writer.unrewind();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes the record's payload to a packet.
+     *
+     * @param writer The writer to use.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
+     */
+    protected abstract void writeData(MdnsPacketWriter writer) throws IOException;
+
+    /** Gets the status of the record. */
+    public int getStatus(final long now) {
+        final long age = now - receiptTimeMillis;
+        if (age > ttlMillis) {
+            return STATUS_EXPIRED;
+        }
+        if (age > (ttlMillis / 2)) {
+            return STATUS_NEEDS_REFRESH;
+        }
+        return STATUS_OK;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (!(other instanceof MdnsRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        MdnsRecord otherRecord = (MdnsRecord) other;
+
+        return Arrays.equals(name, otherRecord.name) && (type == otherRecord.type);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(Arrays.hashCode(name), type);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an opaque object that uniquely identifies this record through a combination of its
+     * type
+     * and name. Suitable for use as a key in caches.
+     */
+    public final Object getKey() {
+        if (key == null) {
+            key = new Key(type, name);
+        }
+        return key;
+    }
+
+    private static final class Key {
+        private final int recordType;
+        private final String[] recordName;
+
+        public Key(int recordType, String[] recordName) {
+            this.recordType = recordType;
+            this.recordName = recordName;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object other) {
+            if (this == other) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (!(other instanceof Key)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            Key otherKey = (Key) other;
+
+            return (recordType == otherKey.recordType) && Arrays.equals(recordName,
+                    otherKey.recordName);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int hashCode() {
+            return (recordType * 31) + Arrays.hashCode(recordName);
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponse.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponse.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f3894f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponse.java
@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** An mDNS response. */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+public class MdnsResponse {
+    private final List<MdnsRecord> records;
+    private final List<MdnsPointerRecord> pointerRecords;
+    private MdnsServiceRecord serviceRecord;
+    private MdnsTextRecord textRecord;
+    private MdnsInetAddressRecord inet4AddressRecord;
+    private MdnsInetAddressRecord inet6AddressRecord;
+    private long lastUpdateTime;
+
+    /** Constructs a new, empty response. */
+    public MdnsResponse(long now) {
+        lastUpdateTime = now;
+        records = new LinkedList<>();
+        pointerRecords = new LinkedList<>();
+    }
+
+    // This generic typed helper compares records for equality.
+    // Returns True if records are the same.
+    private <T> boolean recordsAreSame(T a, T b) {
+        return ((a == null) && (b == null)) || ((a != null) && (b != null) && a.equals(b));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Adds a pointer record.
+     *
+     * @return <code>true</code> if the record was added, or <code>false</code> if a matching
+     * pointer
+     * record is already present in the response.
+     */
+    public synchronized boolean addPointerRecord(MdnsPointerRecord pointerRecord) {
+        if (!pointerRecords.contains(pointerRecord)) {
+            pointerRecords.add(pointerRecord);
+            records.add(pointerRecord);
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the pointer records. */
+    public synchronized List<MdnsPointerRecord> getPointerRecords() {
+        // Returns a shallow copy.
+        return new LinkedList<>(pointerRecords);
+    }
+
+    public synchronized boolean hasPointerRecords() {
+        return !pointerRecords.isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    /* package */ synchronized void clearPointerRecords() {
+        pointerRecords.clear();
+    }
+
+    public synchronized boolean hasSubtypes() {
+        for (MdnsPointerRecord pointerRecord : pointerRecords) {
+            if (pointerRecord.hasSubtype()) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public synchronized List<String> getSubtypes() {
+        List<String> subtypes = null;
+
+        for (MdnsPointerRecord pointerRecord : pointerRecords) {
+            if (pointerRecord.hasSubtype()) {
+                if (subtypes == null) {
+                    subtypes = new LinkedList<>();
+                }
+                subtypes.add(pointerRecord.getSubtype());
+            }
+        }
+
+        return subtypes;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public synchronized void removeSubtypes() {
+        Iterator<MdnsPointerRecord> iter = pointerRecords.iterator();
+        while (iter.hasNext()) {
+            MdnsPointerRecord pointerRecord = iter.next();
+            if (pointerRecord.hasSubtype()) {
+                iter.remove();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Sets the service record. */
+    public synchronized boolean setServiceRecord(MdnsServiceRecord serviceRecord) {
+        if (recordsAreSame(this.serviceRecord, serviceRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (this.serviceRecord != null) {
+            records.remove(this.serviceRecord);
+        }
+        this.serviceRecord = serviceRecord;
+        if (this.serviceRecord != null) {
+            records.add(this.serviceRecord);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the service record. */
+    public synchronized MdnsServiceRecord getServiceRecord() {
+        return serviceRecord;
+    }
+
+    public synchronized boolean hasServiceRecord() {
+        return serviceRecord != null;
+    }
+
+    /** Sets the text record. */
+    public synchronized boolean setTextRecord(MdnsTextRecord textRecord) {
+        if (recordsAreSame(this.textRecord, textRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (this.textRecord != null) {
+            records.remove(this.textRecord);
+        }
+        this.textRecord = textRecord;
+        if (this.textRecord != null) {
+            records.add(this.textRecord);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the text record. */
+    public synchronized MdnsTextRecord getTextRecord() {
+        return textRecord;
+    }
+
+    public synchronized boolean hasTextRecord() {
+        return textRecord != null;
+    }
+
+    /** Sets the IPv4 address record. */
+    public synchronized boolean setInet4AddressRecord(MdnsInetAddressRecord newInet4AddressRecord) {
+        if (recordsAreSame(this.inet4AddressRecord, newInet4AddressRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (this.inet4AddressRecord != null) {
+            records.remove(this.inet4AddressRecord);
+        }
+        if (newInet4AddressRecord != null && newInet4AddressRecord.getInet4Address() != null) {
+            this.inet4AddressRecord = newInet4AddressRecord;
+            records.add(this.inet4AddressRecord);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the IPv4 address record. */
+    public synchronized MdnsInetAddressRecord getInet4AddressRecord() {
+        return inet4AddressRecord;
+    }
+
+    public synchronized boolean hasInet4AddressRecord() {
+        return inet4AddressRecord != null;
+    }
+
+    /** Sets the IPv6 address record. */
+    public synchronized boolean setInet6AddressRecord(MdnsInetAddressRecord newInet6AddressRecord) {
+        if (recordsAreSame(this.inet6AddressRecord, newInet6AddressRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (this.inet6AddressRecord != null) {
+            records.remove(this.inet6AddressRecord);
+        }
+        if (newInet6AddressRecord != null && newInet6AddressRecord.getInet6Address() != null) {
+            this.inet6AddressRecord = newInet6AddressRecord;
+            records.add(this.inet6AddressRecord);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+
+    /** Gets the IPv6 address record. */
+    public synchronized MdnsInetAddressRecord getInet6AddressRecord() {
+        return inet6AddressRecord;
+    }
+
+    public synchronized boolean hasInet6AddressRecord() {
+        return inet6AddressRecord != null;
+    }
+
+    /** Gets all of the records. */
+    public synchronized List<MdnsRecord> getRecords() {
+        return new LinkedList<>(records);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Merges any records that are present in another response into this one.
+     *
+     * @return <code>true</code> if any records were added or updated.
+     */
+    public synchronized boolean mergeRecordsFrom(MdnsResponse other) {
+        lastUpdateTime = other.lastUpdateTime;
+
+        boolean updated = false;
+
+        List<MdnsPointerRecord> pointerRecords = other.getPointerRecords();
+        if (pointerRecords != null) {
+            for (MdnsPointerRecord pointerRecord : pointerRecords) {
+                if (addPointerRecord(pointerRecord)) {
+                    updated = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        MdnsServiceRecord serviceRecord = other.getServiceRecord();
+        if (serviceRecord != null) {
+            if (setServiceRecord(serviceRecord)) {
+                updated = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        MdnsTextRecord textRecord = other.getTextRecord();
+        if (textRecord != null) {
+            if (setTextRecord(textRecord)) {
+                updated = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        MdnsInetAddressRecord otherInet4AddressRecord = other.getInet4AddressRecord();
+        if (otherInet4AddressRecord != null && otherInet4AddressRecord.getInet4Address() != null) {
+            if (setInet4AddressRecord(otherInet4AddressRecord)) {
+                updated = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        MdnsInetAddressRecord otherInet6AddressRecord = other.getInet6AddressRecord();
+        if (otherInet6AddressRecord != null && otherInet6AddressRecord.getInet6Address() != null) {
+            if (setInet6AddressRecord(otherInet6AddressRecord)) {
+                updated = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // If the hostname in the service record no longer matches the hostname in either of the
+        // address records, then drop the address records.
+        if (this.serviceRecord != null) {
+            boolean dropAddressRecords = false;
+
+            if (this.inet4AddressRecord != null) {
+                if (!Arrays.equals(
+                        this.serviceRecord.getServiceHost(), this.inet4AddressRecord.getName())) {
+                    dropAddressRecords = true;
+                }
+            }
+            if (this.inet6AddressRecord != null) {
+                if (!Arrays.equals(
+                        this.serviceRecord.getServiceHost(), this.inet6AddressRecord.getName())) {
+                    dropAddressRecords = true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (dropAddressRecords) {
+                setInet4AddressRecord(null);
+                setInet6AddressRecord(null);
+                updated = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return updated;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tests if the response is complete. A response is considered complete if it contains PTR, SRV,
+     * TXT, and A (for IPv4) or AAAA (for IPv6) records.
+     */
+    public synchronized boolean isComplete() {
+        return !pointerRecords.isEmpty()
+                && (serviceRecord != null)
+                && (textRecord != null)
+                && (inet4AddressRecord != null || inet6AddressRecord != null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the key for this response. The key uniquely identifies the response by its service
+     * name.
+     */
+    public synchronized String getServiceInstanceName() {
+        if (pointerRecords.isEmpty()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        String[] pointers = pointerRecords.get(0).getPointer();
+        return ((pointers != null) && (pointers.length > 0)) ? pointers[0] : null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tests if this response is a goodbye message. This will be true if a service record is present
+     * and any of the records have a TTL of 0.
+     */
+    public synchronized boolean isGoodbye() {
+        if (getServiceInstanceName() != null) {
+            for (MdnsRecord record : records) {
+                // Expiring PTR records with subtypes just signal a change in known supported
+                // criteria, not the device itself going offline, so ignore those.
+                if ((record instanceof MdnsPointerRecord)
+                        && ((MdnsPointerRecord) record).hasSubtype()) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (record.getTtl() == 0) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes the response to a packet.
+     *
+     * @param writer The writer to use.
+     * @param now    The current time. This is used to write updated TTLs that reflect the remaining
+     *               TTL
+     *               since the response was received.
+     * @return The number of records that were written.
+     * @throws IOException If an error occurred while writing (typically indicating overflow).
+     */
+    public synchronized int write(MdnsPacketWriter writer, long now) throws IOException {
+        int count = 0;
+        for (MdnsPointerRecord pointerRecord : pointerRecords) {
+            pointerRecord.write(writer, now);
+            ++count;
+        }
+
+        if (serviceRecord != null) {
+            serviceRecord.write(writer, now);
+            ++count;
+        }
+
+        if (textRecord != null) {
+            textRecord.write(writer, now);
+            ++count;
+        }
+
+        if (inet4AddressRecord != null) {
+            inet4AddressRecord.write(writer, now);
+            ++count;
+        }
+
+        if (inet6AddressRecord != null) {
+            inet6AddressRecord.write(writer, now);
+            ++count;
+        }
+
+        return count;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoder.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoder.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e5fc42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoder.java
@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+
+import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.util.MdnsLogger;
+
+import java.io.EOFException;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** A class that decodes mDNS responses from UDP packets. */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+public class MdnsResponseDecoder {
+
+    public static final int SUCCESS = 0;
+    private static final String TAG = "MdnsResponseDecoder";
+    private static final MdnsLogger LOGGER = new MdnsLogger(TAG);
+    private final String[] serviceType;
+    private final Clock clock;
+
+    /** Constructs a new decoder that will extract responses for the given service type. */
+    public MdnsResponseDecoder(@NonNull Clock clock, @Nullable String[] serviceType) {
+        this.clock = clock;
+        this.serviceType = serviceType;
+    }
+
+    private static void skipMdnsRecord(MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+        reader.skip(2 + 4); // skip the class and TTL
+        int dataLength = reader.readUInt16();
+        reader.skip(dataLength);
+    }
+
+    private static MdnsResponse findResponseWithPointer(
+            List<MdnsResponse> responses, String[] pointer) {
+        if (responses != null) {
+            for (MdnsResponse response : responses) {
+                List<MdnsPointerRecord> pointerRecords = response.getPointerRecords();
+                if (pointerRecords == null) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                for (MdnsPointerRecord pointerRecord : pointerRecords) {
+                    if (Arrays.equals(pointerRecord.getPointer(), pointer)) {
+                        return response;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static MdnsResponse findResponseWithHostName(
+            List<MdnsResponse> responses, String[] hostName) {
+        if (responses != null) {
+            for (MdnsResponse response : responses) {
+                MdnsServiceRecord serviceRecord = response.getServiceRecord();
+                if (serviceRecord == null) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (Arrays.equals(serviceRecord.getServiceHost(), hostName)) {
+                    return response;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Decodes all mDNS responses for the desired service type from a packet. The class does not
+     * check
+     * the responses for completeness; the caller should do that.
+     *
+     * @param packet The packet to read from.
+     * @return A list of mDNS responses, or null if the packet contained no appropriate responses.
+     */
+    public int decode(@NonNull DatagramPacket packet, @NonNull List<MdnsResponse> responses) {
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+
+        List<MdnsRecord> records;
+        try {
+            reader.readUInt16(); // transaction ID (not used)
+            int flags = reader.readUInt16();
+            if ((flags & MdnsConstants.FLAGS_RESPONSE_MASK) != MdnsConstants.FLAGS_RESPONSE) {
+                return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_NOT_RESPONSE_MESSAGE;
+            }
+
+            int numQuestions = reader.readUInt16();
+            int numAnswers = reader.readUInt16();
+            int numAuthority = reader.readUInt16();
+            int numRecords = reader.readUInt16();
+
+            LOGGER.log(String.format(
+                    "num questions: %d, num answers: %d, num authority: %d, num records: %d",
+                    numQuestions, numAnswers, numAuthority, numRecords));
+
+            if (numAnswers < 1) {
+                return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_NO_ANSWERS;
+            }
+
+            records = new LinkedList<>();
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < (numAnswers + numAuthority + numRecords); ++i) {
+                String[] name;
+                try {
+                    name = reader.readLabels();
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    LOGGER.e("Failed to read labels from mDNS response.", e);
+                    return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_READING_RECORD_NAME;
+                }
+                int type = reader.readUInt16();
+
+                switch (type) {
+                    case MdnsRecord.TYPE_A: {
+                        try {
+                            records.add(new MdnsInetAddressRecord(name, MdnsRecord.TYPE_A, reader));
+                        } catch (IOException e) {
+                            LOGGER.e("Failed to read A record from mDNS response.", e);
+                            return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_READING_A_RDATA;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case MdnsRecord.TYPE_AAAA: {
+                        try {
+                            // AAAA should only contain the IPv6 address.
+                            MdnsInetAddressRecord record =
+                                    new MdnsInetAddressRecord(name, MdnsRecord.TYPE_AAAA, reader);
+                            if (record.getInet6Address() != null) {
+                                records.add(record);
+                            }
+                        } catch (IOException e) {
+                            LOGGER.e("Failed to read AAAA record from mDNS response.", e);
+                            return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_READING_AAAA_RDATA;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case MdnsRecord.TYPE_PTR: {
+                        try {
+                            records.add(new MdnsPointerRecord(name, reader));
+                        } catch (IOException e) {
+                            LOGGER.e("Failed to read PTR record from mDNS response.", e);
+                            return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_READING_PTR_RDATA;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case MdnsRecord.TYPE_SRV: {
+                        if (name.length == 4) {
+                            try {
+                                records.add(new MdnsServiceRecord(name, reader));
+                            } catch (IOException e) {
+                                LOGGER.e("Failed to read SRV record from mDNS response.", e);
+                                return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_READING_SRV_RDATA;
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            try {
+                                skipMdnsRecord(reader);
+                            } catch (IOException e) {
+                                LOGGER.e("Failed to skip SVR record from mDNS response.", e);
+                                return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_SKIPPING_SRV_RDATA;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case MdnsRecord.TYPE_TXT: {
+                        try {
+                            records.add(new MdnsTextRecord(name, reader));
+                        } catch (IOException e) {
+                            LOGGER.e("Failed to read TXT record from mDNS response.", e);
+                            return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_READING_TXT_RDATA;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    default: {
+                        try {
+                            skipMdnsRecord(reader);
+                        } catch (IOException e) {
+                            LOGGER.e("Failed to skip mDNS record.", e);
+                            return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_SKIPPING_UNKNOWN_RECORD;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (EOFException e) {
+            LOGGER.e("Reached the end of the mDNS response unexpectedly.", e);
+            return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_END_OF_FILE;
+        }
+
+        // The response records are structured in a hierarchy, where some records reference
+        // others, as follows:
+        //
+        //        PTR
+        //        / \
+        //       /   \
+        //      TXT  SRV
+        //           / \
+        //          /   \
+        //         A   AAAA
+        //
+        // But the order in which these records appear in the response packet is completely
+        // arbitrary. This means that we need to rescan the record list to construct each level of
+        // this hierarchy.
+        //
+        // PTR: service type -> service instance name
+        //
+        // SRV: service instance name -> host name (priority, weight)
+        //
+        // TXT: service instance name -> machine readable txt entries.
+        //
+        // A: host name -> IP address
+
+        // Loop 1: find PTR records, which identify distinct service instances.
+        long now = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        for (MdnsRecord record : records) {
+            if (record instanceof MdnsPointerRecord) {
+                String[] name = record.getName();
+                if ((serviceType == null)
+                        || Arrays.equals(name, serviceType)
+                        || ((name.length == (serviceType.length + 2))
+                        && name[1].equals(MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_LABEL)
+                        && MdnsRecord.labelsAreSuffix(serviceType, name))) {
+                    MdnsPointerRecord pointerRecord = (MdnsPointerRecord) record;
+                    // Group PTR records that refer to the same service instance name into a single
+                    // response.
+                    MdnsResponse response = findResponseWithPointer(responses,
+                            pointerRecord.getPointer());
+                    if (response == null) {
+                        response = new MdnsResponse(now);
+                        responses.add(response);
+                    }
+                    response.addPointerRecord((MdnsPointerRecord) record);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Loop 2: find SRV and TXT records, which reference the pointer in the PTR record.
+        for (MdnsRecord record : records) {
+            if (record instanceof MdnsServiceRecord) {
+                MdnsServiceRecord serviceRecord = (MdnsServiceRecord) record;
+                MdnsResponse response = findResponseWithPointer(responses, serviceRecord.getName());
+                if (response != null) {
+                    response.setServiceRecord(serviceRecord);
+                }
+            } else if (record instanceof MdnsTextRecord) {
+                MdnsTextRecord textRecord = (MdnsTextRecord) record;
+                MdnsResponse response = findResponseWithPointer(responses, textRecord.getName());
+                if (response != null) {
+                    response.setTextRecord(textRecord);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Loop 3: find A and AAAA records, which reference the host name in the SRV record.
+        for (MdnsRecord record : records) {
+            if (record instanceof MdnsInetAddressRecord) {
+                MdnsInetAddressRecord inetRecord = (MdnsInetAddressRecord) record;
+                MdnsResponse response = findResponseWithHostName(responses, inetRecord.getName());
+                if (inetRecord.getInet4Address() != null && response != null) {
+                    response.setInet4AddressRecord(inetRecord);
+                } else if (inetRecord.getInet6Address() != null && response != null) {
+                    response.setInet6AddressRecord(inetRecord);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return SUCCESS;
+    }
+
+    public static class Clock {
+        public long elapsedRealtime() {
+            return SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseErrorCode.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseErrorCode.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fcf9058
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseErrorCode.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+/**
+ * The list of error code for parsing mDNS response.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class MdnsResponseErrorCode {
+    public static final int SUCCESS = 0;
+    public static final int ERROR_NOT_RESPONSE_MESSAGE = 1;
+    public static final int ERROR_NO_ANSWERS = 2;
+    public static final int ERROR_READING_RECORD_NAME = 3;
+    public static final int ERROR_READING_A_RDATA = 4;
+    public static final int ERROR_READING_AAAA_RDATA = 5;
+    public static final int ERROR_READING_PTR_RDATA = 6;
+    public static final int ERROR_SKIPPING_PTR_RDATA = 7;
+    public static final int ERROR_READING_SRV_RDATA = 8;
+    public static final int ERROR_SKIPPING_SRV_RDATA = 9;
+    public static final int ERROR_READING_TXT_RDATA = 10;
+    public static final int ERROR_SKIPPING_UNKNOWN_RECORD = 11;
+    public static final int ERROR_END_OF_FILE = 12;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSearchOptions.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSearchOptions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e90d2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSearchOptions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.ArraySet;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * API configuration parameters for searching the mDNS service.
+ *
+ * <p>Use {@link MdnsSearchOptions.Builder} to create {@link MdnsSearchOptions}.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class MdnsSearchOptions implements Parcelable {
+
+    /** @hide */
+    public static final Parcelable.Creator<MdnsSearchOptions> CREATOR =
+            new Parcelable.Creator<MdnsSearchOptions>() {
+                @Override
+                public MdnsSearchOptions createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
+                    return new MdnsSearchOptions(source.createStringArrayList(),
+                            source.readBoolean());
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public MdnsSearchOptions[] newArray(int size) {
+                    return new MdnsSearchOptions[size];
+                }
+            };
+    private static MdnsSearchOptions defaultOptions;
+    private final List<String> subtypes;
+
+    private final boolean isPassiveMode;
+
+    /** Parcelable constructs for a {@link MdnsServiceInfo}. */
+    MdnsSearchOptions(List<String> subtypes, boolean isPassiveMode) {
+        this.subtypes = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (subtypes != null) {
+            this.subtypes.addAll(subtypes);
+        }
+        this.isPassiveMode = isPassiveMode;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns a {@link Builder} for {@link MdnsSearchOptions}. */
+    public static Builder newBuilder() {
+        return new Builder();
+    }
+
+    /** Returns a default search options. */
+    public static synchronized MdnsSearchOptions getDefaultOptions() {
+        if (defaultOptions == null) {
+            defaultOptions = newBuilder().build();
+        }
+        return defaultOptions;
+    }
+
+    /** @return the list of subtypes to search. */
+    public List<String> getSubtypes() {
+        return subtypes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return {@code true} if the passive mode is used. The passive mode scans less frequently in
+     * order to conserve battery and produce less network traffic.
+     */
+    public boolean isPassiveMode() {
+        return isPassiveMode;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flags) {
+        out.writeStringList(subtypes);
+        out.writeBoolean(isPassiveMode);
+    }
+
+    /** A builder to create {@link MdnsSearchOptions}. */
+    public static final class Builder {
+        private final Set<String> subtypes;
+        private boolean isPassiveMode = true;
+
+        private Builder() {
+            subtypes = new ArraySet<>();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Adds a subtype to search.
+         *
+         * @param subtype the subtype to add.
+         */
+        public Builder addSubtype(@NonNull String subtype) {
+            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(subtype)) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Empty subtype");
+            }
+            subtypes.add(subtype);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Adds a set of subtypes to search.
+         *
+         * @param subtypes The list of subtypes to add.
+         */
+        public Builder addSubtypes(@NonNull Collection<String> subtypes) {
+            this.subtypes.addAll(Objects.requireNonNull(subtypes));
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Sets if the passive mode scan should be used. The passive mode scans less frequently in
+         * order
+         * to conserve battery and produce less network traffic.
+         *
+         * @param isPassiveMode If set to {@code true}, passive mode will be used. If set to {@code
+         *                      false}, active mode will be used.
+         */
+        public Builder setIsPassiveMode(boolean isPassiveMode) {
+            this.isPassiveMode = isPassiveMode;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        /** Builds a {@link MdnsSearchOptions} with the arguments supplied to this builder. */
+        public MdnsSearchOptions build() {
+            return new MdnsSearchOptions(new ArrayList<>(subtypes), isPassiveMode);
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceBrowserListener.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceBrowserListener.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53e58d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceBrowserListener.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Listener interface for mDNS service instance discovery events.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public interface MdnsServiceBrowserListener {
+
+    /**
+     * Called when an mDNS service instance is found.
+     *
+     * @param serviceInfo The found mDNS service instance.
+     */
+    void onServiceFound(@NonNull MdnsServiceInfo serviceInfo);
+
+    /**
+     * Called when an mDNS service instance is updated.
+     *
+     * @param serviceInfo The updated mDNS service instance.
+     */
+    void onServiceUpdated(@NonNull MdnsServiceInfo serviceInfo);
+
+    /**
+     * Called when an mDNS service instance is no longer valid and removed.
+     *
+     * @param serviceInstanceName The service instance name of the removed mDNS service.
+     */
+    void onServiceRemoved(@NonNull String serviceInstanceName);
+
+    /**
+     * Called when searching for mDNS service has stopped because of an error.
+     *
+     * TODO (changed when importing code): define error constants
+     *
+     * @param error The error code of the stop reason.
+     */
+    void onSearchStoppedWithError(int error);
+
+    /** Called when it failed to start an mDNS service discovery process. */
+    void onSearchFailedToStart();
+
+    /**
+     * Called when a mDNS service discovery query has been sent.
+     *
+     * @param subtypes      The list of subtypes in the discovery query.
+     * @param transactionId The transaction ID of the query.
+     */
+    void onDiscoveryQuerySent(@NonNull List<String> subtypes, int transactionId);
+
+    /**
+     * Called when an error has happened when parsing a received mDNS response packet.
+     *
+     * @param receivedPacketNumber The packet sequence number of the received packet.
+     * @param errorCode            The error code, defined in {@link MdnsResponseErrorCode}.
+     */
+    void onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(int receivedPacketNumber, int errorCode);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceInfo.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceInfo.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e4a4e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceInfo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * A class representing a discovered mDNS service instance.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class MdnsServiceInfo implements Parcelable {
+
+    /** @hide */
+    public static final Parcelable.Creator<MdnsServiceInfo> CREATOR =
+            new Parcelable.Creator<MdnsServiceInfo>() {
+
+                @Override
+                public MdnsServiceInfo createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
+                    return new MdnsServiceInfo(
+                            source.readString(),
+                            source.createStringArray(),
+                            source.createStringArrayList(),
+                            source.createStringArray(),
+                            source.readInt(),
+                            source.readString(),
+                            source.readString(),
+                            source.createStringArrayList());
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public MdnsServiceInfo[] newArray(int size) {
+                    return new MdnsServiceInfo[size];
+                }
+            };
+
+    private final String serviceInstanceName;
+    private final String[] serviceType;
+    private final List<String> subtypes;
+    private final String[] hostName;
+    private final int port;
+    private final String ipv4Address;
+    private final String ipv6Address;
+    private final Map<String, String> attributes = new HashMap<>();
+    List<String> textStrings;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a {@link MdnsServiceInfo} object with default values.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public MdnsServiceInfo(
+            String serviceInstanceName,
+            String[] serviceType,
+            List<String> subtypes,
+            String[] hostName,
+            int port,
+            String ipv4Address,
+            String ipv6Address,
+            List<String> textStrings) {
+        this.serviceInstanceName = serviceInstanceName;
+        this.serviceType = serviceType;
+        this.subtypes = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (subtypes != null) {
+            this.subtypes.addAll(subtypes);
+        }
+        this.hostName = hostName;
+        this.port = port;
+        this.ipv4Address = ipv4Address;
+        this.ipv6Address = ipv6Address;
+        if (textStrings != null) {
+            for (String text : textStrings) {
+                int pos = text.indexOf('=');
+                if (pos < 1) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                attributes.put(text.substring(0, pos).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH),
+                        text.substring(++pos));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** @return the name of this service instance. */
+    public String getServiceInstanceName() {
+        return serviceInstanceName;
+    }
+
+    /** @return the type of this service instance. */
+    public String[] getServiceType() {
+        return serviceType;
+    }
+
+    /** @return the list of subtypes supported by this service instance. */
+    public List<String> getSubtypes() {
+        return new ArrayList<>(subtypes);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return {@code true} if this service instance supports any subtypes.
+     * @return {@code false} if this service instance does not support any subtypes.
+     */
+    public boolean hasSubtypes() {
+        return !subtypes.isEmpty();
+    }
+
+    /** @return the host name of this service instance. */
+    public String[] getHostName() {
+        return hostName;
+    }
+
+    /** @return the port number of this service instance. */
+    public int getPort() {
+        return port;
+    }
+
+    /** @return the IPV4 address of this service instance. */
+    public String getIpv4Address() {
+        return ipv4Address;
+    }
+
+    /** @return the IPV6 address of this service instance. */
+    public String getIpv6Address() {
+        return ipv6Address;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return the attribute value for {@code key}.
+     * @return {@code null} if no attribute value exists for {@code key}.
+     */
+    public String getAttributeByKey(@NonNull String key) {
+        return attributes.get(key.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH));
+    }
+
+    /** @return an immutable map of all attributes. */
+    public Map<String, String> getAttributes() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableMap(attributes);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flags) {
+        if (textStrings == null) {
+            // Lazily initialize the parcelable field mTextStrings.
+            textStrings = new ArrayList<>(attributes.size());
+            for (Map.Entry<String, String> kv : attributes.entrySet()) {
+                textStrings.add(String.format(Locale.ROOT, "%s=%s", kv.getKey(), kv.getValue()));
+            }
+        }
+
+        out.writeString(serviceInstanceName);
+        out.writeStringArray(serviceType);
+        out.writeStringList(subtypes);
+        out.writeStringArray(hostName);
+        out.writeInt(port);
+        out.writeString(ipv4Address);
+        out.writeString(ipv6Address);
+        out.writeStringList(textStrings);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return String.format(
+                Locale.ROOT,
+                "Name: %s, subtypes: %s, ip: %s, port: %d",
+                serviceInstanceName,
+                TextUtils.join(",", subtypes),
+                ipv4Address,
+                port);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceRecord.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceRecord.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f54d96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceRecord.java
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/** An mDNS "SRV" record, which contains service information. */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+@VisibleForTesting
+public class MdnsServiceRecord extends MdnsRecord {
+    public static final int PROTO_NONE = 0;
+    public static final int PROTO_TCP = 1;
+    public static final int PROTO_UDP = 2;
+    private static final String PROTO_TOKEN_TCP = "_tcp";
+    private static final String PROTO_TOKEN_UDP = "_udp";
+    private int servicePriority;
+    private int serviceWeight;
+    private int servicePort;
+    private String[] serviceHost;
+
+    public MdnsServiceRecord(String[] name, MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+        super(name, TYPE_SRV, reader);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the service's port number. */
+    public int getServicePort() {
+        return servicePort;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the service's host name. */
+    public String[] getServiceHost() {
+        return serviceHost;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the service's priority. */
+    public int getServicePriority() {
+        return servicePriority;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the service's weight. */
+    public int getServiceWeight() {
+        return serviceWeight;
+    }
+
+    // Format of name is <instance-name>.<service-name>.<protocol>.<domain>
+
+    /** Returns the service's instance name, which uniquely identifies the service instance. */
+    public String getServiceInstanceName() {
+        if (name.length < 1) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return name[0];
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the service's name. */
+    public String getServiceName() {
+        if (name.length < 2) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return name[1];
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the service's protocol. */
+    public int getServiceProtocol() {
+        if (name.length < 3) {
+            return PROTO_NONE;
+        }
+
+        String protocol = name[2];
+        if (protocol.equals(PROTO_TOKEN_TCP)) {
+            return PROTO_TCP;
+        }
+        if (protocol.equals(PROTO_TOKEN_UDP)) {
+            return PROTO_UDP;
+        }
+        return PROTO_NONE;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void readData(MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+        servicePriority = reader.readUInt16();
+        serviceWeight = reader.readUInt16();
+        servicePort = reader.readUInt16();
+        serviceHost = reader.readLabels();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void writeData(MdnsPacketWriter writer) throws IOException {
+        writer.writeUInt16(servicePriority);
+        writer.writeUInt16(serviceWeight);
+        writer.writeUInt16(servicePort);
+        writer.writeLabels(serviceHost);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return String.format(
+                Locale.ROOT,
+                "SRV: %s:%d (prio=%d, weight=%d)",
+                labelsToString(serviceHost),
+                servicePort,
+                servicePriority,
+                serviceWeight);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return (super.hashCode() * 31)
+                + Objects.hash(servicePriority, serviceWeight, Arrays.hashCode(serviceHost),
+                servicePort);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (this == other) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(other instanceof MdnsServiceRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        MdnsServiceRecord otherRecord = (MdnsServiceRecord) other;
+
+        return super.equals(other)
+                && (servicePriority == otherRecord.servicePriority)
+                && (serviceWeight == otherRecord.serviceWeight)
+                && Arrays.equals(serviceHost, otherRecord.serviceHost)
+                && (servicePort == otherRecord.servicePort);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClient.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClient.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e335de9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClient.java
@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.ArraySet;
+import android.util.Pair;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.util.MdnsLogger;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Instance of this class sends and receives mDNS packets of a given service type and invoke
+ * registered {@link MdnsServiceBrowserListener} instances.
+ */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+public class MdnsServiceTypeClient {
+
+    private static final int DEFAULT_MTU = 1500;
+    private static final MdnsLogger LOGGER = new MdnsLogger("MdnsServiceTypeClient");
+
+    private final String serviceType;
+    private final String[] serviceTypeLabels;
+    private final MdnsSocketClient socketClient;
+    private final ScheduledExecutorService executor;
+    private final Object lock = new Object();
+    private final Set<MdnsServiceBrowserListener> listeners = new ArraySet<>();
+    private final Map<String, MdnsResponse> instanceNameToResponse = new HashMap<>();
+
+    // The session ID increases when startSendAndReceive() is called where we schedule a
+    // QueryTask for
+    // new subtypes. It stays the same between packets for same subtypes.
+    private long currentSessionId = 0;
+
+    @GuardedBy("lock")
+    private Future<?> requestTaskFuture;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor of {@link MdnsServiceTypeClient}.
+     *
+     * @param socketClient Sends and receives mDNS packet.
+     * @param executor     A {@link ScheduledExecutorService} used to schedule query tasks.
+     */
+    public MdnsServiceTypeClient(
+            @NonNull String serviceType,
+            @NonNull MdnsSocketClient socketClient,
+            @NonNull ScheduledExecutorService executor) {
+        this.serviceType = serviceType;
+        this.socketClient = socketClient;
+        this.executor = executor;
+        serviceTypeLabels = TextUtils.split(serviceType, "\\.");
+    }
+
+    private static MdnsServiceInfo buildMdnsServiceInfoFromResponse(
+            @NonNull MdnsResponse response, @NonNull String[] serviceTypeLabels) {
+        String[] hostName = response.getServiceRecord().getServiceHost();
+        int port = response.getServiceRecord().getServicePort();
+
+        String ipv4Address = null;
+        String ipv6Address = null;
+        if (response.hasInet4AddressRecord()) {
+            ipv4Address = response.getInet4AddressRecord().getInet4Address().getHostAddress();
+        }
+        if (response.hasInet6AddressRecord()) {
+            ipv6Address = response.getInet6AddressRecord().getInet6Address().getHostAddress();
+        }
+        // TODO: Throw an error message if response doesn't have Inet6 or Inet4 address.
+        return new MdnsServiceInfo(
+                response.getServiceInstanceName(),
+                serviceTypeLabels,
+                response.getSubtypes(),
+                hostName,
+                port,
+                ipv4Address,
+                ipv6Address,
+                response.getTextRecord().getStrings());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Registers {@code listener} for receiving discovery event of mDNS service instances, and
+     * starts
+     * (or continue) to send mDNS queries periodically.
+     *
+     * @param listener      The {@link MdnsServiceBrowserListener} to register.
+     * @param searchOptions {@link MdnsSearchOptions} contains the list of subtypes to discover.
+     */
+    public void startSendAndReceive(
+            @NonNull MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener,
+            @NonNull MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions) {
+        synchronized (lock) {
+            if (!listeners.contains(listener)) {
+                listeners.add(listener);
+                for (MdnsResponse existingResponse : instanceNameToResponse.values()) {
+                    if (existingResponse.isComplete()) {
+                        listener.onServiceFound(
+                                buildMdnsServiceInfoFromResponse(existingResponse,
+                                        serviceTypeLabels));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            // Cancel the next scheduled periodical task.
+            if (requestTaskFuture != null) {
+                requestTaskFuture.cancel(true);
+            }
+            // Keep tracking the ScheduledFuture for the task so we can cancel it if caller is not
+            // interested anymore.
+            requestTaskFuture =
+                    executor.submit(
+                            new QueryTask(
+                                    new QueryTaskConfig(
+                                            searchOptions.getSubtypes(),
+                                            searchOptions.isPassiveMode(),
+                                            ++currentSessionId)));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Unregisters {@code listener} from receiving discovery event of mDNS service instances.
+     *
+     * @param listener The {@link MdnsServiceBrowserListener} to unregister.
+     * @return {@code true} if no listener is registered with this client after unregistering {@code
+     * listener}. Otherwise returns {@code false}.
+     */
+    public boolean stopSendAndReceive(@NonNull MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener) {
+        synchronized (lock) {
+            listeners.remove(listener);
+            if (listeners.isEmpty() && requestTaskFuture != null) {
+                requestTaskFuture.cancel(true);
+                requestTaskFuture = null;
+            }
+            return listeners.isEmpty();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String[] getServiceTypeLabels() {
+        return serviceTypeLabels;
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void processResponse(@NonNull MdnsResponse response) {
+        if (response.isGoodbye()) {
+            onGoodbyeReceived(response.getServiceInstanceName());
+        } else {
+            onResponseReceived(response);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(int receivedPacketNumber, int errorCode) {
+        for (MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener : listeners) {
+            listener.onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(receivedPacketNumber, errorCode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void onResponseReceived(@NonNull MdnsResponse response) {
+        MdnsResponse currentResponse;
+        currentResponse = instanceNameToResponse.get(response.getServiceInstanceName());
+
+        boolean newServiceFound = false;
+        boolean existingServiceChanged = false;
+        if (currentResponse == null) {
+            newServiceFound = true;
+            currentResponse = response;
+            instanceNameToResponse.put(response.getServiceInstanceName(), currentResponse);
+        } else if (currentResponse.mergeRecordsFrom(response)) {
+            existingServiceChanged = true;
+        }
+        if (!currentResponse.isComplete() || (!newServiceFound && !existingServiceChanged)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        MdnsServiceInfo serviceInfo =
+                buildMdnsServiceInfoFromResponse(currentResponse, serviceTypeLabels);
+
+        for (MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener : listeners) {
+            if (newServiceFound) {
+                listener.onServiceFound(serviceInfo);
+            } else {
+                listener.onServiceUpdated(serviceInfo);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void onGoodbyeReceived(@NonNull String serviceInstanceName) {
+        instanceNameToResponse.remove(serviceInstanceName);
+        for (MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener : listeners) {
+            listener.onServiceRemoved(serviceInstanceName);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    MdnsPacketWriter createMdnsPacketWriter() {
+        return new MdnsPacketWriter(DEFAULT_MTU);
+    }
+
+    // A configuration for the PeriodicalQueryTask that contains parameters to build a query packet.
+    // Call to getConfigForNextRun returns a config that can be used to build the next query task.
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static class QueryTaskConfig {
+
+        private static final int INITIAL_TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS_MS =
+                (int) MdnsConfigs.initialTimeBetweenBurstsMs();
+        private static final int TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS_MS = (int) MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenBurstsMs();
+        private static final int QUERIES_PER_BURST = (int) MdnsConfigs.queriesPerBurst();
+        private static final int TIME_BETWEEN_QUERIES_IN_BURST_MS =
+                (int) MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs();
+        private static final int QUERIES_PER_BURST_PASSIVE_MODE =
+                (int) MdnsConfigs.queriesPerBurstPassive();
+        private static final int UNSIGNED_SHORT_MAX_VALUE = 65536;
+        // The following fields are used by QueryTask so we need to test them.
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        final List<String> subtypes;
+        private final boolean alwaysAskForUnicastResponse =
+                MdnsConfigs.alwaysAskForUnicastResponseInEachBurst();
+        private final boolean usePassiveMode;
+        private final long sessionId;
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        int transactionId;
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        boolean expectUnicastResponse;
+        private int queriesPerBurst;
+        private int timeBetweenBurstsInMs;
+        private int burstCounter;
+        private int timeToRunNextTaskInMs;
+        private boolean isFirstBurst;
+
+        QueryTaskConfig(@NonNull Collection<String> subtypes, boolean usePassiveMode,
+                long sessionId) {
+            this.usePassiveMode = usePassiveMode;
+            this.subtypes = new ArrayList<>(subtypes);
+            this.queriesPerBurst = QUERIES_PER_BURST;
+            this.burstCounter = 0;
+            this.transactionId = 1;
+            this.expectUnicastResponse = true;
+            this.isFirstBurst = true;
+            this.sessionId = sessionId;
+            // Config the scan frequency based on the scan mode.
+            if (this.usePassiveMode) {
+                // In passive scan mode, sends a single burst of QUERIES_PER_BURST queries, and then
+                // in each TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS interval, sends QUERIES_PER_BURST_PASSIVE_MODE
+                // queries.
+                this.timeBetweenBurstsInMs = TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS_MS;
+            } else {
+                // In active scan mode, sends a burst of QUERIES_PER_BURST queries,
+                // TIME_BETWEEN_QUERIES_IN_BURST_MS apart, then waits for the scan interval, and
+                // then repeats. The scan interval starts as INITIAL_TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS_MS and
+                // doubles until it maxes out at TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS_MS.
+                this.timeBetweenBurstsInMs = INITIAL_TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS_MS;
+            }
+        }
+
+        QueryTaskConfig getConfigForNextRun() {
+            if (++transactionId > UNSIGNED_SHORT_MAX_VALUE) {
+                transactionId = 1;
+            }
+            // Only the first query expects uni-cast response.
+            expectUnicastResponse = false;
+            if (++burstCounter == queriesPerBurst) {
+                burstCounter = 0;
+
+                if (alwaysAskForUnicastResponse) {
+                    expectUnicastResponse = true;
+                }
+                // In passive scan mode, sends a single burst of QUERIES_PER_BURST queries, and
+                // then in each TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS interval, sends QUERIES_PER_BURST_PASSIVE_MODE
+                // queries.
+                if (isFirstBurst) {
+                    isFirstBurst = false;
+                    if (usePassiveMode) {
+                        queriesPerBurst = QUERIES_PER_BURST_PASSIVE_MODE;
+                    }
+                }
+                // In active scan mode, sends a burst of QUERIES_PER_BURST queries,
+                // TIME_BETWEEN_QUERIES_IN_BURST_MS apart, then waits for the scan interval, and
+                // then repeats. The scan interval starts as INITIAL_TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS_MS and
+                // doubles until it maxes out at TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS_MS.
+                timeToRunNextTaskInMs = timeBetweenBurstsInMs;
+                if (timeBetweenBurstsInMs < TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS_MS) {
+                    timeBetweenBurstsInMs = Math.min(timeBetweenBurstsInMs * 2,
+                            TIME_BETWEEN_BURSTS_MS);
+                }
+            } else {
+                timeToRunNextTaskInMs = TIME_BETWEEN_QUERIES_IN_BURST_MS;
+            }
+            return this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // A FutureTask that enqueues a single query, and schedule a new FutureTask for the next task.
+    private class QueryTask implements Runnable {
+
+        private final QueryTaskConfig config;
+
+        QueryTask(@NonNull QueryTaskConfig config) {
+            this.config = config;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            Pair<Integer, List<String>> result;
+            try {
+                result =
+                        new EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable(
+                                socketClient,
+                                createMdnsPacketWriter(),
+                                serviceType,
+                                config.subtypes,
+                                config.expectUnicastResponse,
+                                config.transactionId)
+                                .call();
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                LOGGER.e(String.format("Failed to run EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable for subtype: %s",
+                        TextUtils.join(",", config.subtypes)), e);
+                result = null;
+            }
+            synchronized (lock) {
+                if (MdnsConfigs.useSessionIdToScheduleMdnsTask()) {
+                    // In case that the task is not canceled successfully, use session ID to check
+                    // if this task should continue to schedule more.
+                    if (config.sessionId != currentSessionId) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (MdnsConfigs.shouldCancelScanTaskWhenFutureIsNull()) {
+                    if (requestTaskFuture == null) {
+                        // If requestTaskFuture is set to null, the task is cancelled. We can't use
+                        // isCancelled() here because this QueryTask is different from the future
+                        // that is returned from executor.schedule(). See b/71646910.
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                if ((result != null)) {
+                    for (MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener : listeners) {
+                        listener.onDiscoveryQuerySent(result.second, result.first);
+                    }
+                }
+                QueryTaskConfig config = this.config.getConfigForNextRun();
+                requestTaskFuture =
+                        executor.schedule(
+                                new QueryTask(config), config.timeToRunNextTaskInMs,
+                                TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocket.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocket.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34db7f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocket.java
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.MulticastSocket;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * {@link MdnsSocket} provides a similar interface to {@link MulticastSocket} and binds to all
+ * available multi-cast network interfaces.
+ *
+ * @see MulticastSocket for javadoc of each public method.
+ */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+public class MdnsSocket {
+    private static final InetSocketAddress MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS =
+            new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT);
+    private static final InetSocketAddress MULTICAST_IPV6_ADDRESS =
+            new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT);
+    private static boolean isOnIPv6OnlyNetwork = false;
+    private final MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider multicastNetworkInterfaceProvider;
+    private final MulticastSocket multicastSocket;
+
+    public MdnsSocket(
+            @NonNull MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider multicastNetworkInterfaceProvider, int port)
+            throws IOException {
+        this.multicastNetworkInterfaceProvider = multicastNetworkInterfaceProvider;
+        this.multicastNetworkInterfaceProvider.startWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+        multicastSocket = createMulticastSocket(port);
+        // RFC Spec: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6762
+        // Time to live is set 255, which is similar to the jMDNS implementation.
+        multicastSocket.setTimeToLive(255);
+
+        // TODO (changed when importing code): consider tagging the socket for data usage
+        isOnIPv6OnlyNetwork = false;
+    }
+
+    public void send(DatagramPacket packet) throws IOException {
+        List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> networkInterfaces =
+                multicastNetworkInterfaceProvider.getMulticastNetworkInterfaces();
+        for (NetworkInterfaceWrapper networkInterface : networkInterfaces) {
+            multicastSocket.setNetworkInterface(networkInterface.getNetworkInterface());
+            multicastSocket.send(packet);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void receive(DatagramPacket packet) throws IOException {
+        multicastSocket.receive(packet);
+    }
+
+    public void joinGroup() throws IOException {
+        List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> networkInterfaces =
+                multicastNetworkInterfaceProvider.getMulticastNetworkInterfaces();
+        InetSocketAddress multicastAddress = MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS;
+        if (multicastNetworkInterfaceProvider.isOnIpV6OnlyNetwork(networkInterfaces)) {
+            isOnIPv6OnlyNetwork = true;
+            multicastAddress = MULTICAST_IPV6_ADDRESS;
+        } else {
+            isOnIPv6OnlyNetwork = false;
+        }
+        for (NetworkInterfaceWrapper networkInterface : networkInterfaces) {
+            multicastSocket.joinGroup(multicastAddress, networkInterface.getNetworkInterface());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void leaveGroup() throws IOException {
+        List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> networkInterfaces =
+                multicastNetworkInterfaceProvider.getMulticastNetworkInterfaces();
+        InetSocketAddress multicastAddress = MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS;
+        if (multicastNetworkInterfaceProvider.isOnIpV6OnlyNetwork(networkInterfaces)) {
+            multicastAddress = MULTICAST_IPV6_ADDRESS;
+        }
+        for (NetworkInterfaceWrapper networkInterface : networkInterfaces) {
+            multicastSocket.leaveGroup(multicastAddress, networkInterface.getNetworkInterface());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void close() {
+        // This is a race with the use of the file descriptor (b/27403984).
+        multicastSocket.close();
+        multicastNetworkInterfaceProvider.stopWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    MulticastSocket createMulticastSocket(int port) throws IOException {
+        return new MulticastSocket(port);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isOnIPv6OnlyNetwork() {
+        return isOnIPv6OnlyNetwork;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClient.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClient.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..010f761
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClient.java
@@ -0,0 +1,504 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.Manifest.permission;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.net.wifi.WifiManager.MulticastLock;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
+import android.text.format.DateUtils;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.util.MdnsLogger;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.util.ArrayDeque;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Queue;
+import java.util.Timer;
+import java.util.TimerTask;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+/**
+ * The {@link MdnsSocketClient} maintains separate threads to send and receive mDNS packets for all
+ * the requested service types.
+ *
+ * <p>See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6763 (namely sections 4 and 5).
+ */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+public class MdnsSocketClient {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "MdnsClient";
+    // TODO: The following values are copied from cast module. We need to think about the
+    // better way to share those.
+    private static final String CAST_SENDER_LOG_SOURCE = "CAST_SENDER_SDK";
+    private static final String CAST_PREFS_NAME = "google_cast";
+    private static final String PREF_CAST_SENDER_ID = "PREF_CAST_SENDER_ID";
+    private static final MdnsLogger LOGGER = new MdnsLogger(TAG);
+    private static final String MULTICAST_TYPE = "multicast";
+    private static final String UNICAST_TYPE = "unicast";
+
+    private static final long SLEEP_TIME_FOR_SOCKET_THREAD_MS =
+            MdnsConfigs.sleepTimeForSocketThreadMs();
+    // A value of 0 leads to an infinite wait.
+    private static final long THREAD_JOIN_TIMEOUT_MS = DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS;
+    private static final int RECEIVER_BUFFER_SIZE = 2048;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final Queue<DatagramPacket> multicastPacketQueue = new ArrayDeque<>();
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final Queue<DatagramPacket> unicastPacketQueue = new ArrayDeque<>();
+    private final Context context;
+    private final byte[] multicastReceiverBuffer = new byte[RECEIVER_BUFFER_SIZE];
+    private final byte[] unicastReceiverBuffer;
+    private final MdnsResponseDecoder responseDecoder;
+    private final MulticastLock multicastLock;
+    private final boolean useSeparateSocketForUnicast =
+            MdnsConfigs.useSeparateSocketToSendUnicastQuery();
+    private final boolean checkMulticastResponse = MdnsConfigs.checkMulticastResponse();
+    private final long checkMulticastResponseIntervalMs =
+            MdnsConfigs.checkMulticastResponseIntervalMs();
+    private final Object socketLock = new Object();
+    private final Object timerObject = new Object();
+    // If multicast response was received in the current session. The value is reset in the
+    // beginning of each session.
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    boolean receivedMulticastResponse;
+    // If unicast response was received in the current session. The value is reset in the beginning
+    // of each session.
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    boolean receivedUnicastResponse;
+    // If the phone is the bad state where it can't receive any multicast response.
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    AtomicBoolean cannotReceiveMulticastResponse = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    volatile Thread sendThread;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    Thread multicastReceiveThread;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    Thread unicastReceiveThread;
+    private volatile boolean shouldStopSocketLoop;
+    private Callback callback;
+    private MdnsSocket multicastSocket;
+    private MdnsSocket unicastSocket;
+    private int receivedPacketNumber = 0;
+    private Timer logMdnsPacketTimer;
+    private AtomicInteger packetsCount;
+    private Timer checkMulticastResponseTimer;
+
+    public MdnsSocketClient(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull MulticastLock multicastLock) {
+        this.context = context;
+        this.multicastLock = multicastLock;
+        responseDecoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(new MdnsResponseDecoder.Clock(), null);
+        if (useSeparateSocketForUnicast) {
+            unicastReceiverBuffer = new byte[RECEIVER_BUFFER_SIZE];
+        } else {
+            unicastReceiverBuffer = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void setCallback(@Nullable Callback callback) {
+        this.callback = callback;
+    }
+
+    @RequiresPermission(permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE)
+    public synchronized void startDiscovery() throws IOException {
+        if (multicastSocket != null) {
+            LOGGER.w("Discovery is already in progress.");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        receivedMulticastResponse = false;
+        receivedUnicastResponse = false;
+        cannotReceiveMulticastResponse.set(false);
+
+        shouldStopSocketLoop = false;
+        try {
+            // TODO (changed when importing code): consider setting thread stats tag
+            multicastSocket = createMdnsSocket(MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT);
+            multicastSocket.joinGroup();
+            if (useSeparateSocketForUnicast) {
+                // For unicast, use port 0 and the system will assign it with any available port.
+                unicastSocket = createMdnsSocket(0);
+            }
+            multicastLock.acquire();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            multicastLock.release();
+            if (multicastSocket != null) {
+                multicastSocket.close();
+                multicastSocket = null;
+            }
+            if (unicastSocket != null) {
+                unicastSocket.close();
+                unicastSocket = null;
+            }
+            throw e;
+        } finally {
+            // TODO (changed when importing code): consider resetting thread stats tag
+        }
+        createAndStartSendThread();
+        createAndStartReceiverThreads();
+    }
+
+    @RequiresPermission(permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE)
+    public void stopDiscovery() {
+        LOGGER.log("Stop discovery.");
+        if (multicastSocket == null && unicastSocket == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (MdnsConfigs.clearMdnsPacketQueueAfterDiscoveryStops()) {
+            synchronized (multicastPacketQueue) {
+                multicastPacketQueue.clear();
+            }
+            synchronized (unicastPacketQueue) {
+                unicastPacketQueue.clear();
+            }
+        }
+
+        multicastLock.release();
+
+        shouldStopSocketLoop = true;
+        waitForSendThreadToStop();
+        waitForReceiverThreadsToStop();
+
+        synchronized (socketLock) {
+            multicastSocket = null;
+            unicastSocket = null;
+        }
+
+        synchronized (timerObject) {
+            if (checkMulticastResponseTimer != null) {
+                checkMulticastResponseTimer.cancel();
+                checkMulticastResponseTimer = null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Sends a mDNS request packet that asks for multicast response. */
+    public void sendMulticastPacket(@NonNull DatagramPacket packet) {
+        sendMdnsPacket(packet, multicastPacketQueue);
+    }
+
+    /** Sends a mDNS request packet that asks for unicast response. */
+    public void sendUnicastPacket(DatagramPacket packet) {
+        if (useSeparateSocketForUnicast) {
+            sendMdnsPacket(packet, unicastPacketQueue);
+        } else {
+            sendMdnsPacket(packet, multicastPacketQueue);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void sendMdnsPacket(DatagramPacket packet, Queue<DatagramPacket> packetQueueToUse) {
+        if (shouldStopSocketLoop && !MdnsConfigs.allowAddMdnsPacketAfterDiscoveryStops()) {
+            LOGGER.w("sendMdnsPacket() is called after discovery already stopped");
+            return;
+        }
+        synchronized (packetQueueToUse) {
+            while (packetQueueToUse.size() >= MdnsConfigs.mdnsPacketQueueMaxSize()) {
+                packetQueueToUse.remove();
+            }
+            packetQueueToUse.add(packet);
+        }
+        triggerSendThread();
+    }
+
+    private void createAndStartSendThread() {
+        if (sendThread != null) {
+            LOGGER.w("A socket thread already exists.");
+            return;
+        }
+        sendThread = new Thread(this::sendThreadMain);
+        sendThread.setName("mdns-send");
+        sendThread.start();
+    }
+
+    private void createAndStartReceiverThreads() {
+        if (multicastReceiveThread != null) {
+            LOGGER.w("A multicast receiver thread already exists.");
+            return;
+        }
+        multicastReceiveThread =
+                new Thread(() -> receiveThreadMain(multicastReceiverBuffer, multicastSocket));
+        multicastReceiveThread.setName("mdns-multicast-receive");
+        multicastReceiveThread.start();
+
+        if (useSeparateSocketForUnicast) {
+            unicastReceiveThread =
+                    new Thread(() -> receiveThreadMain(unicastReceiverBuffer, unicastSocket));
+            unicastReceiveThread.setName("mdns-unicast-receive");
+            unicastReceiveThread.start();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void triggerSendThread() {
+        LOGGER.log("Trigger send thread.");
+        Thread sendThread = this.sendThread;
+        if (sendThread != null) {
+            sendThread.interrupt();
+        } else {
+            LOGGER.w("Socket thread is null");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void waitForReceiverThreadsToStop() {
+        if (multicastReceiveThread != null) {
+            waitForThread(multicastReceiveThread);
+            multicastReceiveThread = null;
+        }
+
+        if (unicastReceiveThread != null) {
+            waitForThread(unicastReceiveThread);
+            unicastReceiveThread = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void waitForSendThreadToStop() {
+        LOGGER.log("wait For Send Thread To Stop");
+        if (sendThread == null) {
+            LOGGER.w("socket thread is already dead.");
+            return;
+        }
+        waitForThread(sendThread);
+        sendThread = null;
+    }
+
+    private void waitForThread(Thread thread) {
+        long startMs = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        long waitMs = THREAD_JOIN_TIMEOUT_MS;
+        while (thread.isAlive() && (waitMs > 0)) {
+            try {
+                thread.interrupt();
+                thread.join(waitMs);
+                if (thread.isAlive()) {
+                    LOGGER.w("Failed to join thread: " + thread);
+                }
+                break;
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                // Compute remaining time after at least a single join call, in case the clock
+                // resolution is poor.
+                waitMs = THREAD_JOIN_TIMEOUT_MS - (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startMs);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void sendThreadMain() {
+        List<DatagramPacket> multicastPacketsToSend = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<DatagramPacket> unicastPacketsToSend = new ArrayList<>();
+        boolean shouldThreadSleep;
+        try {
+            while (!shouldStopSocketLoop) {
+                try {
+                    // Make a local copy of all packets, and clear the queue.
+                    // Send packets that ask for multicast response.
+                    multicastPacketsToSend.clear();
+                    synchronized (multicastPacketQueue) {
+                        multicastPacketsToSend.addAll(multicastPacketQueue);
+                        multicastPacketQueue.clear();
+                    }
+
+                    // Send packets that ask for unicast response.
+                    if (useSeparateSocketForUnicast) {
+                        unicastPacketsToSend.clear();
+                        synchronized (unicastPacketQueue) {
+                            unicastPacketsToSend.addAll(unicastPacketQueue);
+                            unicastPacketQueue.clear();
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    // Send all the packets.
+                    sendPackets(multicastPacketsToSend, multicastSocket);
+                    sendPackets(unicastPacketsToSend, unicastSocket);
+
+                    // Sleep ONLY if no more packets have been added to the queue, while packets
+                    // were being sent.
+                    synchronized (multicastPacketQueue) {
+                        synchronized (unicastPacketQueue) {
+                            shouldThreadSleep =
+                                    multicastPacketQueue.isEmpty() && unicastPacketQueue.isEmpty();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (shouldThreadSleep) {
+                        Thread.sleep(SLEEP_TIME_FOR_SOCKET_THREAD_MS);
+                    }
+                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                    // Don't log the interruption as it's expected.
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            LOGGER.log("Send thread stopped.");
+            try {
+                multicastSocket.leaveGroup();
+            } catch (Exception t) {
+                LOGGER.e("Failed to leave the group.", t);
+            }
+
+            // Close the socket first. This is the only way to interrupt a blocking receive.
+            try {
+                // This is a race with the use of the file descriptor (b/27403984).
+                multicastSocket.close();
+                if (unicastSocket != null) {
+                    unicastSocket.close();
+                }
+            } catch (Exception t) {
+                LOGGER.e("Failed to close the mdns socket.", t);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void receiveThreadMain(byte[] receiverBuffer, MdnsSocket socket) {
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(receiverBuffer, receiverBuffer.length);
+
+        while (!shouldStopSocketLoop) {
+            try {
+                // This is a race with the use of the file descriptor (b/27403984).
+                synchronized (socketLock) {
+                    // This checks is to make sure the socket was not set to null.
+                    if (socket != null && (socket == multicastSocket || socket == unicastSocket)) {
+                        socket.receive(packet);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (!shouldStopSocketLoop) {
+                    String responseType = socket == multicastSocket ? MULTICAST_TYPE : UNICAST_TYPE;
+                    processResponsePacket(packet, responseType);
+                }
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                if (!shouldStopSocketLoop) {
+                    LOGGER.e("Failed to receive mDNS packets.", e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        LOGGER.log("Receive thread stopped.");
+    }
+
+    private int processResponsePacket(@NonNull DatagramPacket packet, String responseType)
+            throws IOException {
+        int packetNumber = ++receivedPacketNumber;
+
+        List<MdnsResponse> responses = new LinkedList<>();
+        int errorCode = responseDecoder.decode(packet, responses);
+        if (errorCode == MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS) {
+            if (responseType.equals(MULTICAST_TYPE)) {
+                receivedMulticastResponse = true;
+                if (cannotReceiveMulticastResponse.getAndSet(false)) {
+                    // If we are already in the bad state, receiving a multicast response means
+                    // we are recovered.
+                    LOGGER.e(
+                            "Recovered from the state where the phone can't receive any multicast"
+                                    + " response");
+                }
+            } else {
+                receivedUnicastResponse = true;
+            }
+            for (MdnsResponse response : responses) {
+                String serviceInstanceName = response.getServiceInstanceName();
+                LOGGER.log("mDNS %s response received: %s", responseType, serviceInstanceName);
+                if (callback != null) {
+                    callback.onResponseReceived(response);
+                }
+            }
+        } else if (errorCode != MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_NOT_RESPONSE_MESSAGE) {
+            LOGGER.w(String.format("Error while decoding %s packet (%d): %d",
+                    responseType, packetNumber, errorCode));
+            if (callback != null) {
+                callback.onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(packetNumber, errorCode);
+            }
+        }
+        return errorCode;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    MdnsSocket createMdnsSocket(int port) throws IOException {
+        return new MdnsSocket(new MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider(context), port);
+    }
+
+    private void sendPackets(List<DatagramPacket> packets, MdnsSocket socket) {
+        String requestType = socket == multicastSocket ? "multicast" : "unicast";
+        for (DatagramPacket packet : packets) {
+            if (shouldStopSocketLoop) {
+                break;
+            }
+            try {
+                LOGGER.log("Sending a %s mDNS packet...", requestType);
+                socket.send(packet);
+
+                // Start the timer task to monitor the response.
+                synchronized (timerObject) {
+                    if (socket == multicastSocket) {
+                        if (cannotReceiveMulticastResponse.get()) {
+                            // Don't schedule the timer task if we are already in the bad state.
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        if (checkMulticastResponseTimer != null) {
+                            // Don't schedule the timer task if it's already scheduled.
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        if (checkMulticastResponse && useSeparateSocketForUnicast) {
+                            // Only when useSeparateSocketForUnicast is true, we can tell if we
+                            // received a multicast or unicast response.
+                            checkMulticastResponseTimer = new Timer();
+                            checkMulticastResponseTimer.schedule(
+                                    new TimerTask() {
+                                        @Override
+                                        public void run() {
+                                            synchronized (timerObject) {
+                                                if (checkMulticastResponseTimer == null) {
+                                                    // Discovery already stopped.
+                                                    return;
+                                                }
+                                                if ((!receivedMulticastResponse)
+                                                        && receivedUnicastResponse) {
+                                                    LOGGER.e(String.format(
+                                                            "Haven't received multicast response"
+                                                                    + " in the last %d ms.",
+                                                            checkMulticastResponseIntervalMs));
+                                                    cannotReceiveMulticastResponse.set(true);
+                                                }
+                                                checkMulticastResponseTimer = null;
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    },
+                                    checkMulticastResponseIntervalMs);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                LOGGER.e(String.format("Failed to send a %s mDNS packet.", requestType), e);
+            }
+        }
+        packets.clear();
+    }
+
+    public boolean isOnIPv6OnlyNetwork() {
+        return multicastSocket.isOnIPv6OnlyNetwork();
+    }
+
+    /** Callback for {@link MdnsSocketClient}. */
+    public interface Callback {
+        void onResponseReceived(@NonNull MdnsResponse response);
+
+        void onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(int receivedPacketNumber, int errorCode);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsTextRecord.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsTextRecord.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a364560
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsTextRecord.java
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/** An mDNS "TXT" record, which contains a list of text strings. */
+// TODO(b/242631897): Resolve nullness suppression.
+@SuppressWarnings("nullness")
+@VisibleForTesting
+public class MdnsTextRecord extends MdnsRecord {
+    private List<String> strings;
+
+    public MdnsTextRecord(String[] name, MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+        super(name, TYPE_TXT, reader);
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the list of strings. */
+    public List<String> getStrings() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableList(strings);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void readData(MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+        strings = new ArrayList<>();
+        while (reader.getRemaining() > 0) {
+            strings.add(reader.readString());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void writeData(MdnsPacketWriter writer) throws IOException {
+        if (strings != null) {
+            for (String string : strings) {
+                writer.writeString(string);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        sb.append("TXT: {");
+        if (strings != null) {
+            for (String string : strings) {
+                sb.append(' ').append(string);
+            }
+        }
+        sb.append("}");
+
+        return sb.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return (super.hashCode() * 31) + Objects.hash(strings);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (this == other) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(other instanceof MdnsTextRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return super.equals(other) && Objects.equals(strings, ((MdnsTextRecord) other).strings);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e0d8fa6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.util.MdnsLogger;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.InterfaceAddress;
+import java.net.NetworkInterface;
+import java.net.SocketException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * This class is used by the {@link MdnsSocket} to monitor the list of {@link NetworkInterface}
+ * instances that are currently available for multi-cast messaging.
+ */
+public class MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "MdnsNIProvider";
+    private static final MdnsLogger LOGGER = new MdnsLogger(TAG);
+    private static final boolean PREFER_IPV6 = MdnsConfigs.preferIpv6();
+
+    private final List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> multicastNetworkInterfaces = new ArrayList<>();
+    // Only modifiable from tests.
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    ConnectivityMonitor connectivityMonitor;
+    private volatile boolean connectivityChanged = true;
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("nullness:methodref.receiver.bound")
+    public MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider(@NonNull Context context) {
+        // IMPORT CHANGED
+        this.connectivityMonitor = new ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManager(
+                context, this::onConnectivityChanged);
+    }
+
+    private void onConnectivityChanged() {
+        connectivityChanged = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts monitoring changes of connectivity of this device, which may indicate that the list of
+     * network interfaces available for multi-cast messaging has changed.
+     */
+    public void startWatchingConnectivityChanges() {
+        connectivityMonitor.startWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+    }
+
+    /** Stops monitoring changes of connectivity. */
+    public void stopWatchingConnectivityChanges() {
+        connectivityMonitor.stopWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the list of {@link NetworkInterfaceWrapper} instances available for multi-cast
+     * messaging.
+     */
+    public synchronized List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> getMulticastNetworkInterfaces() {
+        if (connectivityChanged) {
+            connectivityChanged = false;
+            updateMulticastNetworkInterfaces();
+            if (multicastNetworkInterfaces.isEmpty()) {
+                LOGGER.log("No network interface available for mDNS scanning.");
+            }
+        }
+        return new ArrayList<>(multicastNetworkInterfaces);
+    }
+
+    private void updateMulticastNetworkInterfaces() {
+        multicastNetworkInterfaces.clear();
+        List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> networkInterfaceWrappers = getNetworkInterfaces();
+        for (NetworkInterfaceWrapper interfaceWrapper : networkInterfaceWrappers) {
+            if (canScanOnInterface(interfaceWrapper)) {
+                multicastNetworkInterfaces.add(interfaceWrapper);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean isOnIpV6OnlyNetwork(List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> networkInterfaces) {
+        if (networkInterfaces.isEmpty()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // TODO(b/79866499): Remove this when the bug is resolved.
+        if (PREFER_IPV6) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        boolean hasAtleastOneIPv6Address = false;
+        for (NetworkInterfaceWrapper interfaceWrapper : networkInterfaces) {
+            for (InterfaceAddress ifAddr : interfaceWrapper.getInterfaceAddresses()) {
+                if (!(ifAddr.getAddress() instanceof Inet6Address)) {
+                    return false;
+                } else {
+                    hasAtleastOneIPv6Address = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return hasAtleastOneIPv6Address;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> getNetworkInterfaces() {
+        List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> networkInterfaceWrappers = new ArrayList<>();
+        try {
+            Enumeration<NetworkInterface> interfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
+            if (interfaces != null) {
+                while (interfaces.hasMoreElements()) {
+                    networkInterfaceWrappers.add(
+                            new NetworkInterfaceWrapper(interfaces.nextElement()));
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (SocketException e) {
+            LOGGER.e("Failed to get network interfaces.", e);
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            // Android R has a bug that could lead to a NPE. See b/159277702.
+            LOGGER.e("Failed to call getNetworkInterfaces API", e);
+        }
+
+        return networkInterfaceWrappers;
+    }
+
+    private boolean canScanOnInterface(@Nullable NetworkInterfaceWrapper networkInterface) {
+        try {
+            if ((networkInterface == null)
+                    || networkInterface.isLoopback()
+                    || networkInterface.isPointToPoint()
+                    || networkInterface.isVirtual()
+                    || !networkInterface.isUp()
+                    || !networkInterface.supportsMulticast()) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return hasInet4Address(networkInterface) || hasInet6Address(networkInterface);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            LOGGER.e(String.format("Failed to check interface %s.",
+                    networkInterface.getNetworkInterface().getDisplayName()), e);
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private boolean hasInet4Address(@NonNull NetworkInterfaceWrapper networkInterface) {
+        for (InterfaceAddress ifAddr : networkInterface.getInterfaceAddresses()) {
+            if (ifAddr.getAddress() instanceof Inet4Address) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private boolean hasInet6Address(@NonNull NetworkInterfaceWrapper networkInterface) {
+        for (InterfaceAddress ifAddr : networkInterface.getInterfaceAddresses()) {
+            if (ifAddr.getAddress() instanceof Inet6Address) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/NetworkInterfaceWrapper.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/NetworkInterfaceWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ecae48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/NetworkInterfaceWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import java.net.InterfaceAddress;
+import java.net.NetworkInterface;
+import java.net.SocketException;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** A wrapper class of {@link NetworkInterface} to be mocked in unit tests. */
+public class NetworkInterfaceWrapper {
+    private final NetworkInterface networkInterface;
+
+    public NetworkInterfaceWrapper(NetworkInterface networkInterface) {
+        this.networkInterface = networkInterface;
+    }
+
+    public NetworkInterface getNetworkInterface() {
+        return networkInterface;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isUp() throws SocketException {
+        return networkInterface.isUp();
+    }
+
+    public boolean isLoopback() throws SocketException {
+        return networkInterface.isLoopback();
+    }
+
+    public boolean isPointToPoint() throws SocketException {
+        return networkInterface.isPointToPoint();
+    }
+
+    public boolean isVirtual() {
+        return networkInterface.isVirtual();
+    }
+
+    public boolean supportsMulticast() throws SocketException {
+        return networkInterface.supportsMulticast();
+    }
+
+    public List<InterfaceAddress> getInterfaceAddresses() {
+        return networkInterface.getInterfaceAddresses();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return networkInterface.toString();
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/util/MdnsLogger.java b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/util/MdnsLogger.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..431f1fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/mdns/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/util/MdnsLogger.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.util;
+
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
+
+/**
+ * The logger used in mDNS.
+ */
+public class MdnsLogger {
+    // Make this logger public for other level logging than dogfood.
+    public final SharedLog mLog;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new {@link MdnsLogger} with the given logging tag.
+     *
+     * @param tag The log tag that will be used by this logger
+     */
+    public MdnsLogger(String tag) {
+        mLog = new SharedLog(tag);
+    }
+
+    public void log(String message) {
+        mLog.log(message);
+    }
+
+    public void log(String message, Object... args) {
+        mLog.log(message + " ; " + TextUtils.join(" ; ", args));
+    }
+
+    public void d(String message) {
+        mLog.log(message);
+    }
+
+    public void e(String message) {
+        mLog.e(message);
+    }
+
+    public void e(String message, Throwable e) {
+        mLog.e(message, e);
+    }
+
+    public void w(String message) {
+        mLog.w(message);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/service/native/Android.bp b/service/native/Android.bp
index cb26bc3..697fcbd 100644
--- a/service/native/Android.bp
+++ b/service/native/Android.bp
@@ -52,7 +52,8 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "traffic_controller_unit_test",
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "mts-tethering"],
+    test_config_template: ":net_native_test_config_template",
     require_root: true,
     local_include_dirs: ["include"],
     header_libs: [
@@ -71,4 +72,13 @@
         "libnetd_updatable",
         "netd_aidl_interface-lateststable-ndk",
     ],
+    compile_multilib: "both",
+    multilib: {
+        lib32: {
+            suffix: "32",
+        },
+        lib64: {
+            suffix: "64",
+        },
+    },
 }
diff --git a/service/native/TrafficController.cpp b/service/native/TrafficController.cpp
index 3e98edb..fc76ae5 100644
--- a/service/native/TrafficController.cpp
+++ b/service/native/TrafficController.cpp
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@
 using bpf::BpfMap;
 using bpf::synchronizeKernelRCU;
 using netdutils::DumpWriter;
-using netdutils::getIfaceList;
 using netdutils::NetlinkListener;
 using netdutils::NetlinkListenerInterface;
 using netdutils::ScopedIndent;
@@ -74,6 +73,9 @@
 const char* TrafficController::LOCAL_POWERSAVE = "fw_powersave";
 const char* TrafficController::LOCAL_RESTRICTED = "fw_restricted";
 const char* TrafficController::LOCAL_LOW_POWER_STANDBY = "fw_low_power_standby";
+const char* TrafficController::LOCAL_OEM_DENY_1 = "fw_oem_deny_1";
+const char* TrafficController::LOCAL_OEM_DENY_2 = "fw_oem_deny_2";
+const char* TrafficController::LOCAL_OEM_DENY_3 = "fw_oem_deny_3";
 
 static_assert(BPF_PERMISSION_INTERNET == INetd::PERMISSION_INTERNET,
               "Mismatch between BPF and AIDL permissions: PERMISSION_INTERNET");
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@
         }                                   \
     } while (0)
 
-const std::string uidMatchTypeToString(uint8_t match) {
+const std::string uidMatchTypeToString(uint32_t match) {
     std::string matchType;
     FLAG_MSG_TRANS(matchType, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, match);
     FLAG_MSG_TRANS(matchType, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH, match);
@@ -98,20 +100,16 @@
     FLAG_MSG_TRANS(matchType, RESTRICTED_MATCH, match);
     FLAG_MSG_TRANS(matchType, LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH, match);
     FLAG_MSG_TRANS(matchType, IIF_MATCH, match);
+    FLAG_MSG_TRANS(matchType, LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH, match);
+    FLAG_MSG_TRANS(matchType, OEM_DENY_1_MATCH, match);
+    FLAG_MSG_TRANS(matchType, OEM_DENY_2_MATCH, match);
+    FLAG_MSG_TRANS(matchType, OEM_DENY_3_MATCH, match);
     if (match) {
         return StringPrintf("Unknown match: %u", match);
     }
     return matchType;
 }
 
-bool TrafficController::hasUpdateDeviceStatsPermission(uid_t uid) {
-    // This implementation is the same logic as method ActivityManager#checkComponentPermission.
-    // It implies that the calling uid can never be the same as PER_USER_RANGE.
-    uint32_t appId = uid % PER_USER_RANGE;
-    return ((appId == AID_ROOT) || (appId == AID_SYSTEM) ||
-            mPrivilegedUser.find(appId) != mPrivilegedUser.end());
-}
-
 const std::string UidPermissionTypeToString(int permission) {
     if (permission == INetd::PERMISSION_NONE) {
         return "PERMISSION_NONE";
@@ -175,29 +173,19 @@
     RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mIfaceStatsMap.init(IFACE_STATS_MAP_PATH));
 
     RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mConfigurationMap.init(CONFIGURATION_MAP_PATH));
-    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(
-            mConfigurationMap.writeValue(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY, DEFAULT_CONFIG, BPF_ANY));
-    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mConfigurationMap.writeValue(CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY, SELECT_MAP_A,
-                                                  BPF_ANY));
 
     RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mUidOwnerMap.init(UID_OWNER_MAP_PATH));
-    RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mUidOwnerMap.clear());
     RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mUidPermissionMap.init(UID_PERMISSION_MAP_PATH));
+    ALOGI("%s successfully", __func__);
 
     return netdutils::status::ok;
 }
 
-Status TrafficController::start() {
+Status TrafficController::start(bool startSkDestroyListener) {
     RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(initMaps());
 
-    // Fetch the list of currently-existing interfaces. At this point NetlinkHandler is
-    // already running, so it will call addInterface() when any new interface appears.
-    // TODO: Clean-up addInterface() after interface monitoring is in
-    // NetworkStatsService.
-    std::map<std::string, uint32_t> ifacePairs;
-    ASSIGN_OR_RETURN(ifacePairs, getIfaceList());
-    for (const auto& ifacePair:ifacePairs) {
-        addInterface(ifacePair.first.c_str(), ifacePair.second);
+    if (!startSkDestroyListener) {
+        return netdutils::status::ok;
     }
 
     auto result = makeSkDestroyListener();
@@ -237,22 +225,6 @@
     return netdutils::status::ok;
 }
 
-int TrafficController::addInterface(const char* name, uint32_t ifaceIndex) {
-    IfaceValue iface;
-    if (ifaceIndex == 0) {
-        ALOGE("Unknown interface %s(%d)", name, ifaceIndex);
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    strlcpy(iface.name, name, sizeof(IfaceValue));
-    Status res = mIfaceIndexNameMap.writeValue(ifaceIndex, iface, BPF_ANY);
-    if (!isOk(res)) {
-        ALOGE("Failed to add iface %s(%d): %s", name, ifaceIndex, strerror(res.code()));
-        return -res.code();
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
 Status TrafficController::updateOwnerMapEntry(UidOwnerMatchType match, uid_t uid, FirewallRule rule,
                                               FirewallType type) {
     std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
@@ -272,7 +244,7 @@
     if (oldMatch.ok()) {
         UidOwnerValue newMatch = {
                 .iif = (match == IIF_MATCH) ? 0 : oldMatch.value().iif,
-                .rule = static_cast<uint8_t>(oldMatch.value().rule & ~match),
+                .rule = oldMatch.value().rule & ~match,
         };
         if (newMatch.rule == 0) {
             RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mUidOwnerMap.deleteValue(uid));
@@ -286,23 +258,20 @@
 }
 
 Status TrafficController::addRule(uint32_t uid, UidOwnerMatchType match, uint32_t iif) {
-    // iif should be non-zero if and only if match == MATCH_IIF
-    if (match == IIF_MATCH && iif == 0) {
-        return statusFromErrno(EINVAL, "Interface match must have nonzero interface index");
-    } else if (match != IIF_MATCH && iif != 0) {
+    if (match != IIF_MATCH && iif != 0) {
         return statusFromErrno(EINVAL, "Non-interface match must have zero interface index");
     }
     auto oldMatch = mUidOwnerMap.readValue(uid);
     if (oldMatch.ok()) {
         UidOwnerValue newMatch = {
-                .iif = iif ? iif : oldMatch.value().iif,
-                .rule = static_cast<uint8_t>(oldMatch.value().rule | match),
+                .iif = (match == IIF_MATCH) ? iif : oldMatch.value().iif,
+                .rule = oldMatch.value().rule | match,
         };
         RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mUidOwnerMap.writeValue(uid, newMatch, BPF_ANY));
     } else {
         UidOwnerValue newMatch = {
                 .iif = iif,
-                .rule = static_cast<uint8_t>(match),
+                .rule = match,
         };
         RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(mUidOwnerMap.writeValue(uid, newMatch, BPF_ANY));
     }
@@ -335,6 +304,12 @@
             return ALLOWLIST;
         case LOW_POWER_STANDBY:
             return ALLOWLIST;
+        case OEM_DENY_1:
+            return DENYLIST;
+        case OEM_DENY_2:
+            return DENYLIST;
+        case OEM_DENY_3:
+            return DENYLIST;
         case NONE:
         default:
             return DENYLIST;
@@ -360,6 +335,15 @@
         case LOW_POWER_STANDBY:
             res = updateOwnerMapEntry(LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH, uid, rule, type);
             break;
+        case OEM_DENY_1:
+            res = updateOwnerMapEntry(OEM_DENY_1_MATCH, uid, rule, type);
+            break;
+        case OEM_DENY_2:
+            res = updateOwnerMapEntry(OEM_DENY_2_MATCH, uid, rule, type);
+            break;
+        case OEM_DENY_3:
+            res = updateOwnerMapEntry(OEM_DENY_3_MATCH, uid, rule, type);
+            break;
         case NONE:
         default:
             ALOGW("Unknown child chain: %d", chain);
@@ -399,9 +383,6 @@
 
 Status TrafficController::addUidInterfaceRules(const int iif,
                                                const std::vector<int32_t>& uidsToAdd) {
-    if (!iif) {
-        return statusFromErrno(EINVAL, "Interface rule must specify interface");
-    }
     std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
 
     for (auto uid : uidsToAdd) {
@@ -425,6 +406,18 @@
     return netdutils::status::ok;
 }
 
+Status TrafficController::updateUidLockdownRule(const uid_t uid, const bool add) {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
+
+    netdutils::Status result = add ? addRule(uid, LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH)
+                               : removeRule(uid, LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH);
+    if (!isOk(result)) {
+        ALOGW("%s Lockdown rule failed(%d): uid=%d",
+              (add ? "add": "remove"), result.code(), uid);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
 int TrafficController::replaceUidOwnerMap(const std::string& name, bool isAllowlist __unused,
                                           const std::vector<int32_t>& uids) {
     // FirewallRule rule = isAllowlist ? ALLOW : DENY;
@@ -440,6 +433,12 @@
         res = replaceRulesInMap(RESTRICTED_MATCH, uids);
     } else if (!name.compare(LOCAL_LOW_POWER_STANDBY)) {
         res = replaceRulesInMap(LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH, uids);
+    } else if (!name.compare(LOCAL_OEM_DENY_1)) {
+        res = replaceRulesInMap(OEM_DENY_1_MATCH, uids);
+    } else if (!name.compare(LOCAL_OEM_DENY_2)) {
+        res = replaceRulesInMap(OEM_DENY_2_MATCH, uids);
+    } else if (!name.compare(LOCAL_OEM_DENY_3)) {
+        res = replaceRulesInMap(OEM_DENY_3_MATCH, uids);
     } else {
         ALOGE("unknown chain name: %s", name.c_str());
         return -EINVAL;
@@ -454,15 +453,13 @@
 int TrafficController::toggleUidOwnerMap(ChildChain chain, bool enable) {
     std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
     uint32_t key = UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY;
-    auto oldConfiguration = mConfigurationMap.readValue(key);
-    if (!oldConfiguration.ok()) {
+    auto oldConfigure = mConfigurationMap.readValue(key);
+    if (!oldConfigure.ok()) {
         ALOGE("Cannot read the old configuration from map: %s",
-              oldConfiguration.error().message().c_str());
-        return -oldConfiguration.error().code();
+              oldConfigure.error().message().c_str());
+        return -oldConfigure.error().code();
     }
-    Status res;
-    BpfConfig newConfiguration;
-    uint8_t match;
+    uint32_t match;
     switch (chain) {
         case DOZABLE:
             match = DOZABLE_MATCH;
@@ -479,12 +476,21 @@
         case LOW_POWER_STANDBY:
             match = LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH;
             break;
+        case OEM_DENY_1:
+            match = OEM_DENY_1_MATCH;
+            break;
+        case OEM_DENY_2:
+            match = OEM_DENY_2_MATCH;
+            break;
+        case OEM_DENY_3:
+            match = OEM_DENY_3_MATCH;
+            break;
         default:
             return -EINVAL;
     }
-    newConfiguration =
-            enable ? (oldConfiguration.value() | match) : (oldConfiguration.value() & (~match));
-    res = mConfigurationMap.writeValue(key, newConfiguration, BPF_EXIST);
+    BpfConfig newConfiguration =
+            enable ? (oldConfigure.value() | match) : (oldConfigure.value() & ~match);
+    Status res = mConfigurationMap.writeValue(key, newConfiguration, BPF_EXIST);
     if (!isOk(res)) {
         ALOGE("Failed to toggleUidOwnerMap(%d): %s", chain, res.msg().c_str());
     }
@@ -495,17 +501,17 @@
     std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
 
     uint32_t key = CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY;
-    auto oldConfiguration = mConfigurationMap.readValue(key);
-    if (!oldConfiguration.ok()) {
+    auto oldConfigure = mConfigurationMap.readValue(key);
+    if (!oldConfigure.ok()) {
         ALOGE("Cannot read the old configuration from map: %s",
-              oldConfiguration.error().message().c_str());
-        return Status(oldConfiguration.error().code(), oldConfiguration.error().message());
+              oldConfigure.error().message().c_str());
+        return Status(oldConfigure.error().code(), oldConfigure.error().message());
     }
 
     // Write to the configuration map to inform the kernel eBPF program to switch
     // from using one map to the other. Use flag BPF_EXIST here since the map should
     // be already populated in initMaps.
-    uint8_t newConfigure = (oldConfiguration.value() == SELECT_MAP_A) ? SELECT_MAP_B : SELECT_MAP_A;
+    uint32_t newConfigure = (oldConfigure.value() == SELECT_MAP_A) ? SELECT_MAP_B : SELECT_MAP_A;
     auto res = mConfigurationMap.writeValue(CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY, newConfigure,
                                             BPF_EXIST);
     if (!res.ok()) {
@@ -570,17 +576,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-std::string getProgramStatus(const char *path) {
-    int ret = access(path, R_OK);
-    if (ret == 0) {
-        return StringPrintf("OK");
-    }
-    if (ret != 0 && errno == ENOENT) {
-        return StringPrintf("program is missing at: %s", path);
-    }
-    return StringPrintf("check Program %s error: %s", path, strerror(errno));
-}
-
 std::string getMapStatus(const base::unique_fd& map_fd, const char* path) {
     if (map_fd.get() < 0) {
         return StringPrintf("map fd lost");
@@ -629,19 +624,6 @@
     dw.println("mUidOwnerMap status: %s",
                getMapStatus(mUidOwnerMap.getMap(), UID_OWNER_MAP_PATH).c_str());
 
-    dw.blankline();
-    dw.println("Cgroup ingress program status: %s",
-               getProgramStatus(BPF_INGRESS_PROG_PATH).c_str());
-    dw.println("Cgroup egress program status: %s", getProgramStatus(BPF_EGRESS_PROG_PATH).c_str());
-    dw.println("xt_bpf ingress program status: %s",
-               getProgramStatus(XT_BPF_INGRESS_PROG_PATH).c_str());
-    dw.println("xt_bpf egress program status: %s",
-               getProgramStatus(XT_BPF_EGRESS_PROG_PATH).c_str());
-    dw.println("xt_bpf bandwidth allowlist program status: %s",
-               getProgramStatus(XT_BPF_ALLOWLIST_PROG_PATH).c_str());
-    dw.println("xt_bpf bandwidth denylist program status: %s",
-               getProgramStatus(XT_BPF_DENYLIST_PROG_PATH).c_str());
-
     if (!verbose) {
         return;
     }
@@ -652,6 +634,8 @@
     ScopedIndent indentForMapContent(dw);
 
     // Print CookieTagMap content.
+    // TagSocketTest in CTS was using the output of mCookieTagMap dump.
+    // So, mCookieTagMap dump can not be removed until the previous CTS support period is over.
     dumpBpfMap("mCookieTagMap", dw, "");
     const auto printCookieTagInfo = [&dw](const uint64_t& key, const UidTagValue& value,
                                           const BpfMap<uint64_t, UidTagValue>&) {
@@ -663,158 +647,7 @@
         dw.println("mCookieTagMap print end with error: %s", res.error().message().c_str());
     }
 
-    // Print UidCounterSetMap content.
-    dumpBpfMap("mUidCounterSetMap", dw, "");
-    const auto printUidInfo = [&dw](const uint32_t& key, const uint8_t& value,
-                                    const BpfMap<uint32_t, uint8_t>&) {
-        dw.println("%u %u", key, value);
-        return base::Result<void>();
-    };
-    res = mUidCounterSetMap.iterateWithValue(printUidInfo);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        dw.println("mUidCounterSetMap print end with error: %s", res.error().message().c_str());
-    }
-
-    // Print AppUidStatsMap content.
-    std::string appUidStatsHeader = StringPrintf("uid rxBytes rxPackets txBytes txPackets");
-    dumpBpfMap("mAppUidStatsMap:", dw, appUidStatsHeader);
-    auto printAppUidStatsInfo = [&dw](const uint32_t& key, const StatsValue& value,
-                                      const BpfMap<uint32_t, StatsValue>&) {
-        dw.println("%u %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64, key, value.rxBytes,
-                   value.rxPackets, value.txBytes, value.txPackets);
-        return base::Result<void>();
-    };
-    res = mAppUidStatsMap.iterateWithValue(printAppUidStatsInfo);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        dw.println("mAppUidStatsMap print end with error: %s", res.error().message().c_str());
-    }
-
-    // Print uidStatsMap content.
-    std::string statsHeader = StringPrintf("ifaceIndex ifaceName tag_hex uid_int cnt_set rxBytes"
-                                           " rxPackets txBytes txPackets");
-    dumpBpfMap("mStatsMapA", dw, statsHeader);
-    const auto printStatsInfo = [&dw, this](const StatsKey& key, const StatsValue& value,
-                                            const BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue>&) {
-        uint32_t ifIndex = key.ifaceIndex;
-        auto ifname = mIfaceIndexNameMap.readValue(ifIndex);
-        if (!ifname.ok()) {
-            ifname = IfaceValue{"unknown"};
-        }
-        dw.println("%u %s 0x%x %u %u %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64, ifIndex,
-                   ifname.value().name, key.tag, key.uid, key.counterSet, value.rxBytes,
-                   value.rxPackets, value.txBytes, value.txPackets);
-        return base::Result<void>();
-    };
-    res = mStatsMapA.iterateWithValue(printStatsInfo);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        dw.println("mStatsMapA print end with error: %s", res.error().message().c_str());
-    }
-
-    // Print TagStatsMap content.
-    dumpBpfMap("mStatsMapB", dw, statsHeader);
-    res = mStatsMapB.iterateWithValue(printStatsInfo);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        dw.println("mStatsMapB print end with error: %s", res.error().message().c_str());
-    }
-
-    // Print ifaceIndexToNameMap content.
-    dumpBpfMap("mIfaceIndexNameMap", dw, "");
-    const auto printIfaceNameInfo = [&dw](const uint32_t& key, const IfaceValue& value,
-                                          const BpfMap<uint32_t, IfaceValue>&) {
-        const char* ifname = value.name;
-        dw.println("ifaceIndex=%u ifaceName=%s", key, ifname);
-        return base::Result<void>();
-    };
-    res = mIfaceIndexNameMap.iterateWithValue(printIfaceNameInfo);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        dw.println("mIfaceIndexNameMap print end with error: %s", res.error().message().c_str());
-    }
-
-    // Print ifaceStatsMap content
-    std::string ifaceStatsHeader = StringPrintf("ifaceIndex ifaceName rxBytes rxPackets txBytes"
-                                                " txPackets");
-    dumpBpfMap("mIfaceStatsMap:", dw, ifaceStatsHeader);
-    const auto printIfaceStatsInfo = [&dw, this](const uint32_t& key, const StatsValue& value,
-                                                 const BpfMap<uint32_t, StatsValue>&) {
-        auto ifname = mIfaceIndexNameMap.readValue(key);
-        if (!ifname.ok()) {
-            ifname = IfaceValue{"unknown"};
-        }
-        dw.println("%u %s %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64, key, ifname.value().name,
-                   value.rxBytes, value.rxPackets, value.txBytes, value.txPackets);
-        return base::Result<void>();
-    };
-    res = mIfaceStatsMap.iterateWithValue(printIfaceStatsInfo);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        dw.println("mIfaceStatsMap print end with error: %s", res.error().message().c_str());
-    }
-
     dw.blankline();
-
-    uint32_t key = UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY;
-    auto configuration = mConfigurationMap.readValue(key);
-    if (configuration.ok()) {
-        dw.println("current ownerMatch configuration: %d%s", configuration.value(),
-                   uidMatchTypeToString(configuration.value()).c_str());
-    } else {
-        dw.println("mConfigurationMap read ownerMatch configure failed with error: %s",
-                   configuration.error().message().c_str());
-    }
-
-    key = CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY;
-    configuration = mConfigurationMap.readValue(key);
-    if (configuration.ok()) {
-        const char* statsMapDescription = "???";
-        switch (configuration.value()) {
-            case SELECT_MAP_A:
-                statsMapDescription = "SELECT_MAP_A";
-                break;
-            case SELECT_MAP_B:
-                statsMapDescription = "SELECT_MAP_B";
-                break;
-                // No default clause, so if we ever add a third map, this code will fail to build.
-        }
-        dw.println("current statsMap configuration: %d %s", configuration.value(),
-                   statsMapDescription);
-    } else {
-        dw.println("mConfigurationMap read stats map configure failed with error: %s",
-                   configuration.error().message().c_str());
-    }
-    dumpBpfMap("mUidOwnerMap", dw, "");
-    const auto printUidMatchInfo = [&dw, this](const uint32_t& key, const UidOwnerValue& value,
-                                               const BpfMap<uint32_t, UidOwnerValue>&) {
-        if (value.rule & IIF_MATCH) {
-            auto ifname = mIfaceIndexNameMap.readValue(value.iif);
-            if (ifname.ok()) {
-                dw.println("%u %s %s", key, uidMatchTypeToString(value.rule).c_str(),
-                           ifname.value().name);
-            } else {
-                dw.println("%u %s %u", key, uidMatchTypeToString(value.rule).c_str(), value.iif);
-            }
-        } else {
-            dw.println("%u %s", key, uidMatchTypeToString(value.rule).c_str());
-        }
-        return base::Result<void>();
-    };
-    res = mUidOwnerMap.iterateWithValue(printUidMatchInfo);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        dw.println("mUidOwnerMap print end with error: %s", res.error().message().c_str());
-    }
-    dumpBpfMap("mUidPermissionMap", dw, "");
-    const auto printUidPermissionInfo = [&dw](const uint32_t& key, const int& value,
-                                              const BpfMap<uint32_t, uint8_t>&) {
-        dw.println("%u %s", key, UidPermissionTypeToString(value).c_str());
-        return base::Result<void>();
-    };
-    res = mUidPermissionMap.iterateWithValue(printUidPermissionInfo);
-    if (!res.ok()) {
-        dw.println("mUidPermissionMap print end with error: %s", res.error().message().c_str());
-    }
-
-    dumpBpfMap("mPrivilegedUser", dw, "");
-    for (uid_t uid : mPrivilegedUser) {
-        dw.println("%u ALLOW_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS", (uint32_t)uid);
-    }
 }
 
 }  // namespace net
diff --git a/service/native/TrafficControllerTest.cpp b/service/native/TrafficControllerTest.cpp
index 9529cae..6cb0940 100644
--- a/service/native/TrafficControllerTest.cpp
+++ b/service/native/TrafficControllerTest.cpp
@@ -30,12 +30,15 @@
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <binder/Status.h>
 
 #include <netdutils/MockSyscalls.h>
 
+#define BPF_MAP_MAKE_VISIBLE_FOR_TESTING
 #include "TrafficController.h"
 #include "bpf/BpfUtils.h"
 #include "NetdUpdatablePublic.h"
@@ -48,6 +51,7 @@
 using android::netdutils::Status;
 using base::Result;
 using netdutils::isOk;
+using netdutils::statusFromErrno;
 
 constexpr int TEST_MAP_SIZE = 10;
 constexpr uid_t TEST_UID = 10086;
@@ -55,8 +59,15 @@
 constexpr uid_t TEST_UID3 = 98765;
 constexpr uint32_t TEST_TAG = 42;
 constexpr uint32_t TEST_COUNTERSET = 1;
+constexpr int TEST_COOKIE = 1;
+constexpr int TEST_IFINDEX = 999;
+constexpr int RXPACKETS = 1;
+constexpr int RXBYTES = 100;
+constexpr int TXPACKETS = 0;
+constexpr int TXBYTES = 0;
 
 #define ASSERT_VALID(x) ASSERT_TRUE((x).isValid())
+#define ASSERT_INVALID(x) ASSERT_FALSE((x).isValid())
 
 class TrafficControllerTest : public ::testing::Test {
   protected:
@@ -65,73 +76,90 @@
     BpfMap<uint64_t, UidTagValue> mFakeCookieTagMap;
     BpfMap<uint32_t, StatsValue> mFakeAppUidStatsMap;
     BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue> mFakeStatsMapA;
-    BpfMap<uint32_t, uint8_t> mFakeConfigurationMap;
+    BpfMap<StatsKey, StatsValue> mFakeStatsMapB;  // makeTrafficControllerMapsInvalid only
+    BpfMap<uint32_t, StatsValue> mFakeIfaceStatsMap; ;  // makeTrafficControllerMapsInvalid only
+    BpfMap<uint32_t, uint32_t> mFakeConfigurationMap;
     BpfMap<uint32_t, UidOwnerValue> mFakeUidOwnerMap;
     BpfMap<uint32_t, uint8_t> mFakeUidPermissionMap;
+    BpfMap<uint32_t, uint8_t> mFakeUidCounterSetMap;
+    BpfMap<uint32_t, IfaceValue> mFakeIfaceIndexNameMap;
 
     void SetUp() {
         std::lock_guard guard(mTc.mMutex);
         ASSERT_EQ(0, setrlimitForTest());
 
-        mFakeCookieTagMap.reset(createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, sizeof(uint64_t), sizeof(UidTagValue),
-                                          TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0));
+        mFakeCookieTagMap.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE);
         ASSERT_VALID(mFakeCookieTagMap);
 
-        mFakeAppUidStatsMap.reset(createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, sizeof(uint32_t), sizeof(StatsValue),
-                                            TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0));
+        mFakeAppUidStatsMap.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE);
         ASSERT_VALID(mFakeAppUidStatsMap);
 
-        mFakeStatsMapA.reset(createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, sizeof(StatsKey), sizeof(StatsValue),
-                                       TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0));
+        mFakeStatsMapA.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE);
         ASSERT_VALID(mFakeStatsMapA);
 
-        mFakeConfigurationMap.reset(
-                createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, sizeof(uint32_t), sizeof(uint8_t), 1, 0));
+        mFakeConfigurationMap.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, CONFIGURATION_MAP_SIZE);
         ASSERT_VALID(mFakeConfigurationMap);
 
-        mFakeUidOwnerMap.reset(createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, sizeof(uint32_t), sizeof(UidOwnerValue),
-                                         TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0));
+        mFakeUidOwnerMap.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE);
         ASSERT_VALID(mFakeUidOwnerMap);
-        mFakeUidPermissionMap.reset(
-                createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, sizeof(uint32_t), sizeof(uint8_t), TEST_MAP_SIZE, 0));
+        mFakeUidPermissionMap.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE);
         ASSERT_VALID(mFakeUidPermissionMap);
 
-        mTc.mCookieTagMap.reset(dupFd(mFakeCookieTagMap.getMap()));
+        mFakeUidCounterSetMap.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE);
+        ASSERT_VALID(mFakeUidCounterSetMap);
+
+        mFakeIfaceIndexNameMap.resetMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH, TEST_MAP_SIZE);
+        ASSERT_VALID(mFakeIfaceIndexNameMap);
+
+        mTc.mCookieTagMap = mFakeCookieTagMap;
         ASSERT_VALID(mTc.mCookieTagMap);
-        mTc.mAppUidStatsMap.reset(dupFd(mFakeAppUidStatsMap.getMap()));
+        mTc.mAppUidStatsMap = mFakeAppUidStatsMap;
         ASSERT_VALID(mTc.mAppUidStatsMap);
-        mTc.mStatsMapA.reset(dupFd(mFakeStatsMapA.getMap()));
+        mTc.mStatsMapA = mFakeStatsMapA;
         ASSERT_VALID(mTc.mStatsMapA);
-        mTc.mConfigurationMap.reset(dupFd(mFakeConfigurationMap.getMap()));
+        mTc.mConfigurationMap = mFakeConfigurationMap;
         ASSERT_VALID(mTc.mConfigurationMap);
 
         // Always write to stats map A by default.
-        ASSERT_RESULT_OK(mTc.mConfigurationMap.writeValue(CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY,
-                                                          SELECT_MAP_A, BPF_ANY));
-        mTc.mUidOwnerMap.reset(dupFd(mFakeUidOwnerMap.getMap()));
+        static_assert(SELECT_MAP_A == 0);
+
+        mTc.mUidOwnerMap = mFakeUidOwnerMap;
         ASSERT_VALID(mTc.mUidOwnerMap);
-        mTc.mUidPermissionMap.reset(dupFd(mFakeUidPermissionMap.getMap()));
+        mTc.mUidPermissionMap = mFakeUidPermissionMap;
         ASSERT_VALID(mTc.mUidPermissionMap);
         mTc.mPrivilegedUser.clear();
-    }
 
-    int dupFd(const android::base::unique_fd& mapFd) {
-        return fcntl(mapFd.get(), F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0);
+        mTc.mUidCounterSetMap = mFakeUidCounterSetMap;
+        ASSERT_VALID(mTc.mUidCounterSetMap);
+
+        mTc.mIfaceIndexNameMap = mFakeIfaceIndexNameMap;
+        ASSERT_VALID(mTc.mIfaceIndexNameMap);
     }
 
     void populateFakeStats(uint64_t cookie, uint32_t uid, uint32_t tag, StatsKey* key) {
         UidTagValue cookieMapkey = {.uid = (uint32_t)uid, .tag = tag};
         EXPECT_RESULT_OK(mFakeCookieTagMap.writeValue(cookie, cookieMapkey, BPF_ANY));
-        *key = {.uid = uid, .tag = tag, .counterSet = TEST_COUNTERSET, .ifaceIndex = 1};
-        StatsValue statsMapValue = {.rxPackets = 1, .rxBytes = 100};
-        EXPECT_RESULT_OK(mFakeStatsMapA.writeValue(*key, statsMapValue, BPF_ANY));
-        key->tag = 0;
+        *key = {.uid = uid, .tag = tag, .counterSet = TEST_COUNTERSET, .ifaceIndex = TEST_IFINDEX};
+        StatsValue statsMapValue = {.rxPackets = RXPACKETS, .rxBytes = RXBYTES,
+                                    .txPackets = TXPACKETS, .txBytes = TXBYTES};
         EXPECT_RESULT_OK(mFakeStatsMapA.writeValue(*key, statsMapValue, BPF_ANY));
         EXPECT_RESULT_OK(mFakeAppUidStatsMap.writeValue(uid, statsMapValue, BPF_ANY));
         // put tag information back to statsKey
         key->tag = tag;
     }
 
+    void populateFakeCounterSet(uint32_t uid, uint32_t counterSet) {
+        EXPECT_RESULT_OK(mFakeUidCounterSetMap.writeValue(uid, counterSet, BPF_ANY));
+    }
+
+    void populateFakeIfaceIndexName(const char* name, uint32_t ifaceIndex) {
+        if (name == nullptr || ifaceIndex <= 0) return;
+
+        IfaceValue iface;
+        strlcpy(iface.name, name, sizeof(IfaceValue));
+        EXPECT_RESULT_OK(mFakeIfaceIndexNameMap.writeValue(ifaceIndex, iface, BPF_ANY));
+    }
+
     void checkUidOwnerRuleForChain(ChildChain chain, UidOwnerMatchType match) {
         uint32_t uid = TEST_UID;
         EXPECT_EQ(0, mTc.changeUidOwnerRule(chain, uid, DENY, DENYLIST));
@@ -189,7 +217,7 @@
         checkEachUidValue(uids, match);
     }
 
-    void expectUidOwnerMapValues(const std::vector<uint32_t>& appUids, uint8_t expectedRule,
+    void expectUidOwnerMapValues(const std::vector<uint32_t>& appUids, uint32_t expectedRule,
                                  uint32_t expectedIif) {
         for (uint32_t uid : appUids) {
             Result<UidOwnerValue> value = mFakeUidOwnerMap.readValue(uid);
@@ -233,37 +261,6 @@
         EXPECT_TRUE(mTc.mPrivilegedUser.empty());
     }
 
-    void addPrivilegedUid(uid_t uid) {
-        std::vector privilegedUid = {uid};
-        mTc.setPermissionForUids(INetd::PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS, privilegedUid);
-    }
-
-    void removePrivilegedUid(uid_t uid) {
-        std::vector privilegedUid = {uid};
-        mTc.setPermissionForUids(INetd::PERMISSION_NONE, privilegedUid);
-    }
-
-    void expectFakeStatsUnchanged(uint64_t cookie, uint32_t tag, uint32_t uid,
-                                  StatsKey tagStatsMapKey) {
-        Result<UidTagValue> cookieMapResult = mFakeCookieTagMap.readValue(cookie);
-        EXPECT_RESULT_OK(cookieMapResult);
-        EXPECT_EQ(uid, cookieMapResult.value().uid);
-        EXPECT_EQ(tag, cookieMapResult.value().tag);
-        Result<StatsValue> statsMapResult = mFakeStatsMapA.readValue(tagStatsMapKey);
-        EXPECT_RESULT_OK(statsMapResult);
-        EXPECT_EQ((uint64_t)1, statsMapResult.value().rxPackets);
-        EXPECT_EQ((uint64_t)100, statsMapResult.value().rxBytes);
-        tagStatsMapKey.tag = 0;
-        statsMapResult = mFakeStatsMapA.readValue(tagStatsMapKey);
-        EXPECT_RESULT_OK(statsMapResult);
-        EXPECT_EQ((uint64_t)1, statsMapResult.value().rxPackets);
-        EXPECT_EQ((uint64_t)100, statsMapResult.value().rxBytes);
-        auto appStatsResult = mFakeAppUidStatsMap.readValue(uid);
-        EXPECT_RESULT_OK(appStatsResult);
-        EXPECT_EQ((uint64_t)1, appStatsResult.value().rxPackets);
-        EXPECT_EQ((uint64_t)100, appStatsResult.value().rxBytes);
-    }
-
     Status updateUidOwnerMaps(const std::vector<uint32_t>& appUids,
                               UidOwnerMatchType matchType, TrafficController::IptOp op) {
         Status ret(0);
@@ -274,6 +271,108 @@
         return ret;
     }
 
+    Status dump(bool verbose, std::vector<std::string>& outputLines) {
+      if (!outputLines.empty()) return statusFromErrno(EUCLEAN, "Output buffer is not empty");
+
+      android::base::unique_fd localFd, remoteFd;
+      if (!Pipe(&localFd, &remoteFd)) return statusFromErrno(errno, "Failed on pipe");
+
+      // dump() blocks until another thread has consumed all its output.
+      std::thread dumpThread =
+          std::thread([this, remoteFd{std::move(remoteFd)}, verbose]() {
+            mTc.dump(remoteFd, verbose);
+          });
+
+      std::string dumpContent;
+      if (!android::base::ReadFdToString(localFd.get(), &dumpContent)) {
+        return statusFromErrno(errno, "Failed to read dump results from fd");
+      }
+      dumpThread.join();
+
+      std::stringstream dumpStream(std::move(dumpContent));
+      std::string line;
+      while (std::getline(dumpStream, line)) {
+        outputLines.push_back(line);
+      }
+
+      return netdutils::status::ok;
+    }
+
+    // Strings in the |expect| must exist in dump results in order. But no need to be consecutive.
+    bool expectDumpsysContains(std::vector<std::string>& expect) {
+        if (expect.empty()) return false;
+
+        std::vector<std::string> output;
+        Status result = dump(true, output);
+        if (!isOk(result)) {
+            GTEST_LOG_(ERROR) << "TrafficController dump failed: " << netdutils::toString(result);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        int matched = 0;
+        auto it = expect.begin();
+        for (const auto& line : output) {
+            if (it == expect.end()) break;
+            if (std::string::npos != line.find(*it)) {
+                matched++;
+                ++it;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (matched != expect.size()) {
+            // dump results for debugging
+            for (const auto& o : output) LOG(INFO) << "output: " << o;
+            for (const auto& e : expect) LOG(INFO) << "expect: " << e;
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Once called, the maps of TrafficController can't recover to valid maps which initialized
+    // in SetUp().
+    void makeTrafficControllerMapsInvalid() {
+        constexpr char INVALID_PATH[] = "invalid";
+
+        mFakeCookieTagMap.init(INVALID_PATH);
+        mTc.mCookieTagMap = mFakeCookieTagMap;
+        ASSERT_INVALID(mTc.mCookieTagMap);
+
+        mFakeAppUidStatsMap.init(INVALID_PATH);
+        mTc.mAppUidStatsMap = mFakeAppUidStatsMap;
+        ASSERT_INVALID(mTc.mAppUidStatsMap);
+
+        mFakeStatsMapA.init(INVALID_PATH);
+        mTc.mStatsMapA = mFakeStatsMapA;
+        ASSERT_INVALID(mTc.mStatsMapA);
+
+        mFakeStatsMapB.init(INVALID_PATH);
+        mTc.mStatsMapB = mFakeStatsMapB;
+        ASSERT_INVALID(mTc.mStatsMapB);
+
+        mFakeIfaceStatsMap.init(INVALID_PATH);
+        mTc.mIfaceStatsMap = mFakeIfaceStatsMap;
+        ASSERT_INVALID(mTc.mIfaceStatsMap);
+
+        mFakeConfigurationMap.init(INVALID_PATH);
+        mTc.mConfigurationMap = mFakeConfigurationMap;
+        ASSERT_INVALID(mTc.mConfigurationMap);
+
+        mFakeUidOwnerMap.init(INVALID_PATH);
+        mTc.mUidOwnerMap = mFakeUidOwnerMap;
+        ASSERT_INVALID(mTc.mUidOwnerMap);
+
+        mFakeUidPermissionMap.init(INVALID_PATH);
+        mTc.mUidPermissionMap = mFakeUidPermissionMap;
+        ASSERT_INVALID(mTc.mUidPermissionMap);
+
+        mFakeUidCounterSetMap.init(INVALID_PATH);
+        mTc.mUidCounterSetMap = mFakeUidCounterSetMap;
+        ASSERT_INVALID(mTc.mUidCounterSetMap);
+
+        mFakeIfaceIndexNameMap.init(INVALID_PATH);
+        mTc.mIfaceIndexNameMap = mFakeIfaceIndexNameMap;
+        ASSERT_INVALID(mTc.mIfaceIndexNameMap);
+    }
 };
 
 TEST_F(TrafficControllerTest, TestUpdateOwnerMapEntry) {
@@ -307,6 +406,9 @@
     checkUidOwnerRuleForChain(POWERSAVE, POWERSAVE_MATCH);
     checkUidOwnerRuleForChain(RESTRICTED, RESTRICTED_MATCH);
     checkUidOwnerRuleForChain(LOW_POWER_STANDBY, LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH);
+    checkUidOwnerRuleForChain(OEM_DENY_1, OEM_DENY_1_MATCH);
+    checkUidOwnerRuleForChain(OEM_DENY_2, OEM_DENY_2_MATCH);
+    checkUidOwnerRuleForChain(OEM_DENY_3, OEM_DENY_3_MATCH);
     ASSERT_EQ(-EINVAL, mTc.changeUidOwnerRule(NONE, TEST_UID, ALLOW, ALLOWLIST));
     ASSERT_EQ(-EINVAL, mTc.changeUidOwnerRule(INVALID_CHAIN, TEST_UID, ALLOW, ALLOWLIST));
 }
@@ -318,6 +420,9 @@
     checkUidMapReplace("fw_powersave", uids, POWERSAVE_MATCH);
     checkUidMapReplace("fw_restricted", uids, RESTRICTED_MATCH);
     checkUidMapReplace("fw_low_power_standby", uids, LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH);
+    checkUidMapReplace("fw_oem_deny_1", uids, OEM_DENY_1_MATCH);
+    checkUidMapReplace("fw_oem_deny_2", uids, OEM_DENY_2_MATCH);
+    checkUidMapReplace("fw_oem_deny_3", uids, OEM_DENY_3_MATCH);
     ASSERT_EQ(-EINVAL, mTc.replaceUidOwnerMap("unknow", true, uids));
 }
 
@@ -432,6 +537,21 @@
     expectMapEmpty(mFakeUidOwnerMap);
 }
 
+TEST_F(TrafficControllerTest, TestUpdateUidLockdownRule) {
+    // Add Lockdown rules
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(mTc.updateUidLockdownRule(1000, true /* add */)));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(mTc.updateUidLockdownRule(1001, true /* add */)));
+    expectUidOwnerMapValues({1000, 1001}, LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH, 0);
+
+    // Remove one of Lockdown rules
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(mTc.updateUidLockdownRule(1000, false /* add */)));
+    expectUidOwnerMapValues({1001}, LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH, 0);
+
+    // Remove remaining Lockdown rule
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(mTc.updateUidLockdownRule(1001, false /* add */)));
+    expectMapEmpty(mFakeUidOwnerMap);
+}
+
 TEST_F(TrafficControllerTest, TestUidInterfaceFilteringRulesCoexistWithExistingMatches) {
     // Set up existing PENALTY_BOX_MATCH rules
     ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(updateUidOwnerMaps({1000, 1001, 10012}, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH,
@@ -491,6 +611,70 @@
     checkEachUidValue({10001, 10002}, IIF_MATCH);
 }
 
+TEST_F(TrafficControllerTest, TestAddUidInterfaceFilteringRulesWithWildcard) {
+    // iif=0 is a wildcard
+    int iif = 0;
+    // Add interface rule with wildcard to uids
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(mTc.addUidInterfaceRules(iif, {1000, 1001})));
+    expectUidOwnerMapValues({1000, 1001}, IIF_MATCH, iif);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TrafficControllerTest, TestRemoveUidInterfaceFilteringRulesWithWildcard) {
+    // iif=0 is a wildcard
+    int iif = 0;
+    // Add interface rule with wildcard to two uids
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(mTc.addUidInterfaceRules(iif, {1000, 1001})));
+    expectUidOwnerMapValues({1000, 1001}, IIF_MATCH, iif);
+
+    // Remove interface rule from one of the uids
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(mTc.removeUidInterfaceRules({1000})));
+    expectUidOwnerMapValues({1001}, IIF_MATCH, iif);
+    checkEachUidValue({1001}, IIF_MATCH);
+
+    // Remove interface rule from the remaining uid
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(mTc.removeUidInterfaceRules({1001})));
+    expectMapEmpty(mFakeUidOwnerMap);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TrafficControllerTest, TestUidInterfaceFilteringRulesWithWildcardAndExistingMatches) {
+    // Set up existing DOZABLE_MATCH and POWERSAVE_MATCH rule
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(updateUidOwnerMaps({1000}, DOZABLE_MATCH,
+                                        TrafficController::IptOpInsert)));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(updateUidOwnerMaps({1000}, POWERSAVE_MATCH,
+                                        TrafficController::IptOpInsert)));
+
+    // iif=0 is a wildcard
+    int iif = 0;
+    // Add interface rule with wildcard to the existing uid
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(mTc.addUidInterfaceRules(iif, {1000})));
+    expectUidOwnerMapValues({1000}, POWERSAVE_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH | IIF_MATCH, iif);
+
+    // Remove interface rule with wildcard from the existing uid
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(mTc.removeUidInterfaceRules({1000})));
+    expectUidOwnerMapValues({1000}, POWERSAVE_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH, 0);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TrafficControllerTest, TestUidInterfaceFilteringRulesWithWildcardAndNewMatches) {
+    // iif=0 is a wildcard
+    int iif = 0;
+    // Set up existing interface rule with wildcard
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(mTc.addUidInterfaceRules(iif, {1000})));
+
+    // Add DOZABLE_MATCH and POWERSAVE_MATCH rule to the existing uid
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(updateUidOwnerMaps({1000}, DOZABLE_MATCH,
+                                        TrafficController::IptOpInsert)));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(updateUidOwnerMaps({1000}, POWERSAVE_MATCH,
+                                        TrafficController::IptOpInsert)));
+    expectUidOwnerMapValues({1000}, POWERSAVE_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH | IIF_MATCH, iif);
+
+    // Remove DOZABLE_MATCH and POWERSAVE_MATCH rule from the existing uid
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(updateUidOwnerMaps({1000}, DOZABLE_MATCH,
+                                        TrafficController::IptOpDelete)));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isOk(updateUidOwnerMaps({1000}, POWERSAVE_MATCH,
+                                        TrafficController::IptOpDelete)));
+    expectUidOwnerMapValues({1000}, IIF_MATCH, iif);
+}
+
 TEST_F(TrafficControllerTest, TestGrantInternetPermission) {
     std::vector<uid_t> appUids = {TEST_UID, TEST_UID2, TEST_UID3};
 
@@ -585,6 +769,71 @@
     expectPrivilegedUserSetEmpty();
 }
 
+TEST_F(TrafficControllerTest, TestDumpsys) {
+    StatsKey tagStatsMapKey;
+    populateFakeStats(TEST_COOKIE, TEST_UID, TEST_TAG, &tagStatsMapKey);
+    populateFakeCounterSet(TEST_UID3, TEST_COUNTERSET);
+
+    // Expect: (part of this depends on hard-code values in populateFakeStats())
+    //
+    // mCookieTagMap:
+    // cookie=1 tag=0x2a uid=10086
+    //
+    // mUidCounterSetMap:
+    // 98765 1
+    //
+    // mAppUidStatsMap::
+    // uid rxBytes rxPackets txBytes txPackets
+    // 10086 100 1 0 0
+    //
+    // mStatsMapA:
+    // ifaceIndex ifaceName tag_hex uid_int cnt_set rxBytes rxPackets txBytes txPackets
+    // 999 test0 0x2a 10086 1 100 1 0 0
+    std::vector<std::string> expectedLines = {
+        "mCookieTagMap:",
+        fmt::format("cookie={} tag={:#x} uid={}", TEST_COOKIE, TEST_TAG, TEST_UID)};
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(expectDumpsysContains(expectedLines));
+}
+
+TEST_F(TrafficControllerTest, dumpsysInvalidMaps) {
+    makeTrafficControllerMapsInvalid();
+
+    const std::string kErrIterate = "print end with error: Get firstKey map -1 failed: "
+            "Bad file descriptor";
+    const std::string kErrReadRulesConfig = "read ownerMatch configure failed with error: "
+            "Read value of map -1 failed: Bad file descriptor";
+
+    std::vector<std::string> expectedLines = {
+        fmt::format("mCookieTagMap {}", kErrIterate)};
+    EXPECT_TRUE(expectDumpsysContains(expectedLines));
+}
+
+TEST_F(TrafficControllerTest, getFirewallType) {
+    static const struct TestConfig {
+        ChildChain childChain;
+        FirewallType firewallType;
+    } testConfigs[] = {
+            // clang-format off
+            {NONE, DENYLIST},
+            {DOZABLE, ALLOWLIST},
+            {STANDBY, DENYLIST},
+            {POWERSAVE, ALLOWLIST},
+            {RESTRICTED, ALLOWLIST},
+            {LOW_POWER_STANDBY, ALLOWLIST},
+            {OEM_DENY_1, DENYLIST},
+            {OEM_DENY_2, DENYLIST},
+            {OEM_DENY_3, DENYLIST},
+            {INVALID_CHAIN, DENYLIST},
+            // clang-format on
+    };
+
+    for (const auto& config : testConfigs) {
+        SCOPED_TRACE(fmt::format("testConfig: [{}, {}]", config.childChain, config.firewallType));
+        EXPECT_EQ(config.firewallType, mTc.getFirewallType(config.childChain));
+    }
+}
+
 constexpr uint32_t SOCK_CLOSE_WAIT_US = 30 * 1000;
 constexpr uint32_t ENOBUFS_POLL_WAIT_US = 10 * 1000;
 
@@ -608,7 +857,7 @@
     BpfMap<uint64_t, UidTagValue> mCookieTagMap;
 
     void SetUp() {
-        mCookieTagMap.reset(android::bpf::mapRetrieveRW(COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH));
+        mCookieTagMap.init(COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH);
         ASSERT_TRUE(mCookieTagMap.isValid());
     }
 
@@ -620,7 +869,7 @@
                 if (res.ok() || (res.error().code() == ENOENT)) {
                     return Result<void>();
                 }
-                ALOGE("Failed to delete data(cookie = %" PRIu64 "): %s\n", key,
+                ALOGE("Failed to delete data(cookie = %" PRIu64 "): %s", key,
                       strerror(res.error().code()));
             }
             // Move forward to next cookie in the map.
diff --git a/service/native/include/Common.h b/service/native/include/Common.h
index dc44845..03f449a 100644
--- a/service/native/include/Common.h
+++ b/service/native/include/Common.h
@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@
 #pragma once
 // TODO: deduplicate with the constants in NetdConstants.h.
 #include <aidl/android/net/INetd.h>
+#include "clat_mark.h"
 
 using aidl::android::net::INetd;
 
+static_assert(INetd::CLAT_MARK == CLAT_MARK, "must be 0xDEADC1A7");
+
 enum FirewallRule { ALLOW = INetd::FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW, DENY = INetd::FIREWALL_RULE_DENY };
 
 // ALLOWLIST means the firewall denies all by default, uids must be explicitly ALLOWed
@@ -35,6 +38,9 @@
     POWERSAVE = 3,
     RESTRICTED = 4,
     LOW_POWER_STANDBY = 5,
+    OEM_DENY_1 = 7,
+    OEM_DENY_2 = 8,
+    OEM_DENY_3 = 9,
     INVALID_CHAIN
 };
 // LINT.ThenChange(packages/modules/Connectivity/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java)
diff --git a/service/native/include/TrafficController.h b/service/native/include/TrafficController.h
index 79e75ac..b44d795 100644
--- a/service/native/include/TrafficController.h
+++ b/service/native/include/TrafficController.h
@@ -38,18 +38,13 @@
     /*
      * Initialize the whole controller
      */
-    netdutils::Status start();
+    netdutils::Status start(bool startSkDestroyListener);
 
     /*
      * Swap the stats map config from current active stats map to the idle one.
      */
     netdutils::Status swapActiveStatsMap() EXCLUDES(mMutex);
 
-    /*
-     * Add the interface name and index pair into the eBPF map.
-     */
-    int addInterface(const char* name, uint32_t ifaceIndex);
-
     int changeUidOwnerRule(ChildChain chain, const uid_t uid, FirewallRule rule, FirewallType type);
 
     int removeUidOwnerRule(const uid_t uid);
@@ -71,6 +66,8 @@
             EXCLUDES(mMutex);
     netdutils::Status removeUidInterfaceRules(const std::vector<int32_t>& uids) EXCLUDES(mMutex);
 
+    netdutils::Status updateUidLockdownRule(const uid_t uid, const bool add) EXCLUDES(mMutex);
+
     netdutils::Status updateUidOwnerMap(const uint32_t uid,
                                         UidOwnerMatchType matchType, IptOp op) EXCLUDES(mMutex);
 
@@ -88,6 +85,9 @@
     static const char* LOCAL_POWERSAVE;
     static const char* LOCAL_RESTRICTED;
     static const char* LOCAL_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+    static const char* LOCAL_OEM_DENY_1;
+    static const char* LOCAL_OEM_DENY_2;
+    static const char* LOCAL_OEM_DENY_3;
 
   private:
     /*
@@ -149,13 +149,13 @@
      * the map right now:
      * - Entry with UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY:
      *    Store the configuration for the current uid rules. It indicates the device
-     *    is in doze/powersave/standby/restricted/low power standby mode.
+     *    is in doze/powersave/standby/restricted/low power standby/oem deny mode.
      * - Entry with CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY:
      *    Stores the current live stats map that kernel program is writing to.
      *    Userspace can do scraping and cleaning job on the other one depending on the
      *    current configs.
      */
-    bpf::BpfMap<uint32_t, uint8_t> mConfigurationMap GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+    bpf::BpfMap<uint32_t, uint32_t> mConfigurationMap GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
 
     /*
      * mUidOwnerMap: Store uids that are used for bandwidth control uid match.
@@ -182,8 +182,6 @@
     // need to call back to system server for permission check.
     std::set<uid_t> mPrivilegedUser GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
 
-    bool hasUpdateDeviceStatsPermission(uid_t uid) REQUIRES(mMutex);
-
     // For testing
     friend class TrafficControllerTest;
 };
diff --git a/service/native/libs/libclat/Android.bp b/service/native/libs/libclat/Android.bp
index 68e4dc4..54d40ac 100644
--- a/service/native/libs/libclat/Android.bp
+++ b/service/native/libs/libclat/Android.bp
@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "libclat_test",
     defaults: ["netd_defaults"],
-    test_suites: ["device-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "mts-tethering"],
+    test_config_template: ":net_native_test_config_template",
     srcs: [
         "clatutils_test.cpp",
     ],
@@ -49,5 +50,14 @@
         "liblog",
         "libnetutils",
     ],
+    compile_multilib: "both",
+    multilib: {
+        lib32: {
+            suffix: "32",
+        },
+        lib64: {
+            suffix: "64",
+        },
+    },
     require_root: true,
 }
diff --git a/service/native/libs/libclat/clatutils_test.cpp b/service/native/libs/libclat/clatutils_test.cpp
index 4153e19..8cca1f4 100644
--- a/service/native/libs/libclat/clatutils_test.cpp
+++ b/service/native/libs/libclat/clatutils_test.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <linux/if_packet.h>
 #include <linux/if_tun.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
 #include "tun_interface.h"
 
 extern "C" {
@@ -182,6 +183,31 @@
     v6Iface.destroy();
 }
 
+// This is not a realistic test because we can't test generateIPv6Address here since it requires
+// manipulating routing, which we can't do without talking to the real netd on the system.
+// See test MakeChecksumNeutral.
+// TODO: remove this test once EthernetTetheringTest can test on mainline test coverage branch.
+TEST_F(ClatUtils, GenerateIpv6AddressFailWithUlaSocketAddress) {
+    // Create an interface for generateIpv6Address to connect to.
+    TunInterface tun;
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, tun.init());
+
+    // Unused because v6 address is ULA and makeChecksumNeutral has never called.
+    in_addr v4 = {inet_addr(kIPv4LocalAddr)};
+    // Not a NAT64 prefix because test can't connect to in generateIpv6Address.
+    // Used to be a fake address from the tun interface for generating an IPv6 socket address.
+    // nat64Prefix won't be used in MakeChecksumNeutral because MakeChecksumNeutral has never
+    // be called.
+    in6_addr nat64Prefix = tun.dstAddr();  // not realistic
+    in6_addr v6;
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, inet_pton(AF_INET6, "::", &v6));  // initialize as zero
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(-ENETUNREACH, generateIpv6Address(tun.name().c_str(), v4, nat64Prefix, &v6));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(IN6_IS_ADDR_ULA(&v6));
+
+    tun.destroy();
+}
+
 }  // namespace clat
 }  // namespace net
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/service/proguard.flags b/service/proguard.flags
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..478566c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/proguard.flags
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+
+# Keep JNI registered methods
+-keepclasseswithmembers,includedescriptorclasses class * { native <methods>; }
+
+# Keep classes extending structured message.
+-keepclassmembers public class * extends **.com.android.net.module.util.Struct {
+    *;
+}
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java b/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java
index c006bc6..d560747 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java
@@ -16,18 +16,61 @@
 
 package com.android.server;
 
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY;
+import static android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_INTERNET;
+import static android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_NONE;
+import static android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED;
+import static android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.EINVAL;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.ENODEV;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.ENOENT;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.EOPNOTSUPP;
 
+import static com.android.server.ConnectivityStatsLog.NETWORK_BPF_MAP_INFO;
+
+import android.app.StatsManager;
+import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.INetd;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
+import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
+import android.system.ErrnoException;
 import android.system.Os;
+import android.util.ArraySet;
+import android.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
 import android.util.Log;
+import android.util.Pair;
+import android.util.StatsEvent;
 
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.modules.utils.BackgroundThread;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+import com.android.net.module.util.BpfDump;
+import com.android.net.module.util.BpfMap;
+import com.android.net.module.util.DeviceConfigUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.S32;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.U32;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.U8;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapValue;
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.StringJoiner;
 
 /**
  * BpfNetMaps is responsible for providing traffic controller relevant functionality.
@@ -35,35 +78,327 @@
  * {@hide}
  */
 public class BpfNetMaps {
+    private static final boolean PRE_T = !SdkLevel.isAtLeastT();
+    static {
+        if (!PRE_T) {
+            System.loadLibrary("service-connectivity");
+        }
+    }
+
     private static final String TAG = "BpfNetMaps";
     private final INetd mNetd;
+    private final Dependencies mDeps;
     // Use legacy netd for releases before T.
-    private static final boolean USE_NETD = !SdkLevel.isAtLeastT();
     private static boolean sInitialized = false;
 
+    private static Boolean sEnableJavaBpfMap = null;
+    private static final String BPF_NET_MAPS_ENABLE_JAVA_BPF_MAP =
+            "bpf_net_maps_enable_java_bpf_map";
+
+    // Lock for sConfigurationMap entry for UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY.
+    // This entry is not accessed by others.
+    // BpfNetMaps acquires this lock while sequence of read, modify, and write.
+    private static final Object sUidRulesConfigBpfMapLock = new Object();
+
+    // Lock for sConfigurationMap entry for CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY.
+    // BpfNetMaps acquires this lock while sequence of read, modify, and write.
+    // BpfNetMaps is an only writer of this entry.
+    private static final Object sCurrentStatsMapConfigLock = new Object();
+
+    private static final String CONFIGURATION_MAP_PATH =
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_configuration_map";
+    private static final String UID_OWNER_MAP_PATH =
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_uid_owner_map";
+    private static final String UID_PERMISSION_MAP_PATH =
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_uid_permission_map";
+    private static final String COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH =
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_cookie_tag_map";
+    private static final S32 UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY = new S32(0);
+    private static final S32 CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY = new S32(1);
+    private static final long UID_RULES_DEFAULT_CONFIGURATION = 0;
+    private static final long STATS_SELECT_MAP_A = 0;
+    private static final long STATS_SELECT_MAP_B = 1;
+
+    private static IBpfMap<S32, U32> sConfigurationMap = null;
+    // BpfMap for UID_OWNER_MAP_PATH. This map is not accessed by others.
+    private static IBpfMap<S32, UidOwnerValue> sUidOwnerMap = null;
+    private static IBpfMap<S32, U8> sUidPermissionMap = null;
+    private static IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> sCookieTagMap = null;
+
+    // LINT.IfChange(match_type)
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long NO_MATCH = 0;
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long HAPPY_BOX_MATCH = (1 << 0);
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long PENALTY_BOX_MATCH = (1 << 1);
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long DOZABLE_MATCH = (1 << 2);
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long STANDBY_MATCH = (1 << 3);
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long POWERSAVE_MATCH = (1 << 4);
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long RESTRICTED_MATCH = (1 << 5);
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH = (1 << 6);
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long IIF_MATCH = (1 << 7);
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH = (1 << 8);
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long OEM_DENY_1_MATCH = (1 << 9);
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long OEM_DENY_2_MATCH = (1 << 10);
+    @VisibleForTesting public static final long OEM_DENY_3_MATCH = (1 << 11);
+    // LINT.ThenChange(packages/modules/Connectivity/bpf_progs/bpf_shared.h)
+
+    private static final List<Pair<Integer, String>> PERMISSION_LIST = Arrays.asList(
+            Pair.create(PERMISSION_INTERNET, "PERMISSION_INTERNET"),
+            Pair.create(PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS, "PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS")
+    );
+    private static final List<Pair<Long, String>> MATCH_LIST = Arrays.asList(
+            Pair.create(HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, "HAPPY_BOX_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(PENALTY_BOX_MATCH, "PENALTY_BOX_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(DOZABLE_MATCH, "DOZABLE_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(STANDBY_MATCH, "STANDBY_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(POWERSAVE_MATCH, "POWERSAVE_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(RESTRICTED_MATCH, "RESTRICTED_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH, "LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(IIF_MATCH, "IIF_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH, "LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(OEM_DENY_1_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_1_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(OEM_DENY_2_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_2_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(OEM_DENY_3_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_3_MATCH")
+    );
+
+    /**
+     * Set sEnableJavaBpfMap for test.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static void setEnableJavaBpfMapForTest(boolean enable) {
+        sEnableJavaBpfMap = enable;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set configurationMap for test.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static void setConfigurationMapForTest(IBpfMap<S32, U32> configurationMap) {
+        sConfigurationMap = configurationMap;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set uidOwnerMap for test.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static void setUidOwnerMapForTest(IBpfMap<S32, UidOwnerValue> uidOwnerMap) {
+        sUidOwnerMap = uidOwnerMap;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set uidPermissionMap for test.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static void setUidPermissionMapForTest(IBpfMap<S32, U8> uidPermissionMap) {
+        sUidPermissionMap = uidPermissionMap;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set cookieTagMap for test.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static void setCookieTagMapForTest(
+            IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> cookieTagMap) {
+        sCookieTagMap = cookieTagMap;
+    }
+
+    private static IBpfMap<S32, U32> getConfigurationMap() {
+        try {
+            return new BpfMap<>(
+                    CONFIGURATION_MAP_PATH, BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR, S32.class, U32.class);
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot open netd configuration map", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static IBpfMap<S32, UidOwnerValue> getUidOwnerMap() {
+        try {
+            return new BpfMap<>(
+                    UID_OWNER_MAP_PATH, BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR, S32.class, UidOwnerValue.class);
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot open uid owner map", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static IBpfMap<S32, U8> getUidPermissionMap() {
+        try {
+            return new BpfMap<>(
+                    UID_PERMISSION_MAP_PATH, BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR, S32.class, U8.class);
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot open uid permission map", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> getCookieTagMap() {
+        try {
+            return new BpfMap<>(COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH, BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR,
+                    CookieTagMapKey.class, CookieTagMapValue.class);
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot open cookie tag map", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void initBpfMaps() {
+        if (sConfigurationMap == null) {
+            sConfigurationMap = getConfigurationMap();
+        }
+        try {
+            sConfigurationMap.updateEntry(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY,
+                    new U32(UID_RULES_DEFAULT_CONFIGURATION));
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to initialize uid rules configuration", e);
+        }
+        try {
+            sConfigurationMap.updateEntry(CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY,
+                    new U32(STATS_SELECT_MAP_A));
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to initialize current stats configuration", e);
+        }
+
+        if (sUidOwnerMap == null) {
+            sUidOwnerMap = getUidOwnerMap();
+        }
+        try {
+            sUidOwnerMap.clear();
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to initialize uid owner map", e);
+        }
+
+        if (sUidPermissionMap == null) {
+            sUidPermissionMap = getUidPermissionMap();
+        }
+
+        if (sCookieTagMap == null) {
+            sCookieTagMap = getCookieTagMap();
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Initializes the class if it is not already initialized. This method will open maps but not
      * cause any other effects. This method may be called multiple times on any thread.
      */
-    private static synchronized void ensureInitialized() {
+    private static synchronized void ensureInitialized(final Context context) {
         if (sInitialized) return;
-        if (!USE_NETD) {
-            System.loadLibrary("service-connectivity");
-            native_init();
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap == null) {
+            sEnableJavaBpfMap = DeviceConfigUtils.isFeatureEnabled(context,
+                    DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_TETHERING, BPF_NET_MAPS_ENABLE_JAVA_BPF_MAP,
+                    SdkLevel.isAtLeastU() /* defaultValue */);
         }
+        Log.d(TAG, "BpfNetMaps is initialized with sEnableJavaBpfMap=" + sEnableJavaBpfMap);
+
+        initBpfMaps();
+        native_init(!sEnableJavaBpfMap /* startSkDestroyListener */);
         sInitialized = true;
     }
 
-    /** Constructor used after T that doesn't need to use netd anymore. */
-    public BpfNetMaps() {
-        this(null);
-
-        if (USE_NETD) throw new IllegalArgumentException("BpfNetMaps need to use netd before T");
+    public boolean isSkDestroyListenerRunning() {
+        return !sEnableJavaBpfMap;
     }
 
-    public BpfNetMaps(INetd netd) {
-        ensureInitialized();
+    /**
+     * Dependencies of BpfNetMaps, for injection in tests.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static class Dependencies {
+        /**
+         * Get interface index.
+         */
+        public int getIfIndex(final String ifName) {
+            return Os.if_nametoindex(ifName);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Call synchronize_rcu()
+         */
+        public int synchronizeKernelRCU() {
+            return native_synchronizeKernelRCU();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Build Stats Event for NETWORK_BPF_MAP_INFO atom
+         */
+        public StatsEvent buildStatsEvent(final int cookieTagMapSize, final int uidOwnerMapSize,
+                final int uidPermissionMapSize) {
+            return ConnectivityStatsLog.buildStatsEvent(NETWORK_BPF_MAP_INFO, cookieTagMapSize,
+                    uidOwnerMapSize, uidPermissionMapSize);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Call native_dump
+         */
+        public void nativeDump(final FileDescriptor fd, final boolean verbose) {
+            native_dump(fd, verbose);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor used after T that doesn't need to use netd anymore. */
+    public BpfNetMaps(final Context context) {
+        this(context, null);
+
+        if (PRE_T) throw new IllegalArgumentException("BpfNetMaps need to use netd before T");
+    }
+
+    public BpfNetMaps(final Context context, final INetd netd) {
+        this(context, netd, new Dependencies());
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public BpfNetMaps(final Context context, final INetd netd, final Dependencies deps) {
+        if (!PRE_T) {
+            ensureInitialized(context);
+        }
         mNetd = netd;
+        mDeps = deps;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get corresponding match from firewall chain.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public long getMatchByFirewallChain(final int chain) {
+        switch (chain) {
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE:
+                return DOZABLE_MATCH;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY:
+                return STANDBY_MATCH;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE:
+                return POWERSAVE_MATCH;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED:
+                return RESTRICTED_MATCH;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY:
+                return LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1:
+                return OEM_DENY_1_MATCH;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2:
+                return OEM_DENY_2_MATCH;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3:
+                return OEM_DENY_3_MATCH;
+            default:
+                throw new ServiceSpecificException(EINVAL, "Invalid firewall chain: " + chain);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get if the chain is allow list or not.
+     *
+     * ALLOWLIST means the firewall denies all by default, uids must be explicitly allowed
+     * DENYLIST means the firewall allows all by default, uids must be explicitly denyed
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public boolean isFirewallAllowList(final int chain) {
+        switch (chain) {
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE:
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE:
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED:
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY:
+                return true;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY:
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1:
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2:
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3:
+                return false;
+            default:
+                throw new ServiceSpecificException(EINVAL, "Invalid firewall chain: " + chain);
+        }
     }
 
     private void maybeThrow(final int err, final String msg) {
@@ -72,6 +407,73 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private void throwIfPreT(final String msg) {
+        if (PRE_T) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(msg);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void removeRule(final int uid, final long match, final String caller) {
+        try {
+            synchronized (sUidOwnerMap) {
+                final UidOwnerValue oldMatch = sUidOwnerMap.getValue(new S32(uid));
+
+                if (oldMatch == null) {
+                    throw new ServiceSpecificException(ENOENT,
+                            "sUidOwnerMap does not have entry for uid: " + uid);
+                }
+
+                final UidOwnerValue newMatch = new UidOwnerValue(
+                        (match == IIF_MATCH) ? 0 : oldMatch.iif,
+                        oldMatch.rule & ~match
+                );
+
+                if (newMatch.rule == 0) {
+                    sUidOwnerMap.deleteEntry(new S32(uid));
+                } else {
+                    sUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid), newMatch);
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            throw new ServiceSpecificException(e.errno,
+                    caller + " failed to remove rule: " + Os.strerror(e.errno));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void addRule(final int uid, final long match, final int iif, final String caller) {
+        if (match != IIF_MATCH && iif != 0) {
+            throw new ServiceSpecificException(EINVAL,
+                    "Non-interface match must have zero interface index");
+        }
+
+        try {
+            synchronized (sUidOwnerMap) {
+                final UidOwnerValue oldMatch = sUidOwnerMap.getValue(new S32(uid));
+
+                final UidOwnerValue newMatch;
+                if (oldMatch != null) {
+                    newMatch = new UidOwnerValue(
+                            (match == IIF_MATCH) ? iif : oldMatch.iif,
+                            oldMatch.rule | match
+                    );
+                } else {
+                    newMatch = new UidOwnerValue(
+                            iif,
+                            match
+                    );
+                }
+                sUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid), newMatch);
+            }
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            throw new ServiceSpecificException(e.errno,
+                    caller + " failed to add rule: " + Os.strerror(e.errno));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void addRule(final int uid, final long match, final String caller) {
+        addRule(uid, match, 0 /* iif */, caller);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Add naughty app bandwidth rule for specific app
      *
@@ -80,8 +482,14 @@
      *                                  cause of the failure.
      */
     public void addNaughtyApp(final int uid) {
-        final int err = native_addNaughtyApp(uid);
-        maybeThrow(err, "Unable to add naughty app");
+        throwIfPreT("addNaughtyApp is not available on pre-T devices");
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            addRule(uid, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH, "addNaughtyApp");
+        } else {
+            final int err = native_addNaughtyApp(uid);
+            maybeThrow(err, "Unable to add naughty app");
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -92,8 +500,14 @@
      *                                  cause of the failure.
      */
     public void removeNaughtyApp(final int uid) {
-        final int err = native_removeNaughtyApp(uid);
-        maybeThrow(err, "Unable to remove naughty app");
+        throwIfPreT("removeNaughtyApp is not available on pre-T devices");
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            removeRule(uid, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH, "removeNaughtyApp");
+        } else {
+            final int err = native_removeNaughtyApp(uid);
+            maybeThrow(err, "Unable to remove naughty app");
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -104,8 +518,14 @@
      *                                  cause of the failure.
      */
     public void addNiceApp(final int uid) {
-        final int err = native_addNiceApp(uid);
-        maybeThrow(err, "Unable to add nice app");
+        throwIfPreT("addNiceApp is not available on pre-T devices");
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            addRule(uid, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, "addNiceApp");
+        } else {
+            final int err = native_addNiceApp(uid);
+            maybeThrow(err, "Unable to add nice app");
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -116,8 +536,14 @@
      *                                  cause of the failure.
      */
     public void removeNiceApp(final int uid) {
-        final int err = native_removeNiceApp(uid);
-        maybeThrow(err, "Unable to remove nice app");
+        throwIfPreT("removeNiceApp is not available on pre-T devices");
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            removeRule(uid, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, "removeNiceApp");
+        } else {
+            final int err = native_removeNiceApp(uid);
+            maybeThrow(err, "Unable to remove nice app");
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -125,34 +551,143 @@
      *
      * @param childChain target chain to enable
      * @param enable     whether to enable or disable child chain.
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if called on pre-T devices.
      * @throws ServiceSpecificException in case of failure, with an error code indicating the
      *                                  cause of the failure.
      */
     public void setChildChain(final int childChain, final boolean enable) {
-        final int err = native_setChildChain(childChain, enable);
-        maybeThrow(err, "Unable to set child chain");
+        throwIfPreT("setChildChain is not available on pre-T devices");
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            final long match = getMatchByFirewallChain(childChain);
+            try {
+                synchronized (sUidRulesConfigBpfMapLock) {
+                    final U32 config = sConfigurationMap.getValue(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY);
+                    final long newConfig = enable ? (config.val | match) : (config.val & ~match);
+                    sConfigurationMap.updateEntry(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY, new U32(newConfig));
+                }
+            } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+                throw new ServiceSpecificException(e.errno,
+                        "Unable to set child chain: " + Os.strerror(e.errno));
+            }
+        } else {
+            final int err = native_setChildChain(childChain, enable);
+            maybeThrow(err, "Unable to set child chain");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the specified firewall chain's status.
+     *
+     * @param childChain target chain
+     * @return {@code true} if chain is enabled, {@code false} if chain is not enabled.
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if called on pre-T devices.
+     * @throws ServiceSpecificException in case of failure, with an error code indicating the
+     *                                  cause of the failure.
+     */
+    public boolean isChainEnabled(final int childChain) {
+        throwIfPreT("isChainEnabled is not available on pre-T devices");
+
+        final long match = getMatchByFirewallChain(childChain);
+        try {
+            final U32 config = sConfigurationMap.getValue(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY);
+            return (config.val & match) != 0;
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            throw new ServiceSpecificException(e.errno,
+                    "Unable to get firewall chain status: " + Os.strerror(e.errno));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Set<Integer> asSet(final int[] uids) {
+        final Set<Integer> uidSet = new ArraySet<>();
+        for (final int uid: uids) {
+            uidSet.add(uid);
+        }
+        return uidSet;
     }
 
     /**
      * Replaces the contents of the specified UID-based firewall chain.
+     * Enables the chain for specified uids and disables the chain for non-specified uids.
      *
-     * The chain may be an allowlist chain or a denylist chain. A denylist chain contains DROP
-     * rules for the specified UIDs and a RETURN rule at the end. An allowlist chain contains RETURN
-     * rules for the system UID range (0 to {@code UID_APP} - 1), RETURN rules for the specified
-     * UIDs, and a DROP rule at the end. The chain will be created if it does not exist.
-     *
-     * @param chainName   The name of the chain to replace.
-     * @param isAllowlist Whether this is an allowlist or denylist chain.
+     * @param chain       Target chain.
      * @param uids        The list of UIDs to allow/deny.
-     * @return 0 if the chain was successfully replaced, errno otherwise.
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if called on pre-T devices.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code chain} is not a valid chain.
      */
-    public int replaceUidChain(final String chainName, final boolean isAllowlist,
-            final int[] uids) {
-        final int err = native_replaceUidChain(chainName, isAllowlist, uids);
-        if (err != 0) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "replaceUidChain failed: " + Os.strerror(-err));
+    public void replaceUidChain(final int chain, final int[] uids) {
+        throwIfPreT("replaceUidChain is not available on pre-T devices");
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            final long match;
+            try {
+                match = getMatchByFirewallChain(chain);
+            } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+                // Throws IllegalArgumentException to keep the behavior of
+                // ConnectivityManager#replaceFirewallChain API
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid firewall chain: " + chain);
+            }
+            final Set<Integer> uidSet = asSet(uids);
+            final Set<Integer> uidSetToRemoveRule = new ArraySet<>();
+            try {
+                synchronized (sUidOwnerMap) {
+                    sUidOwnerMap.forEach((uid, config) -> {
+                        // config could be null if there is a concurrent entry deletion.
+                        // http://b/220084230. But sUidOwnerMap update must be done while holding a
+                        // lock, so this should not happen.
+                        if (config == null) {
+                            Log.wtf(TAG, "sUidOwnerMap entry was deleted while holding a lock");
+                        } else if (!uidSet.contains((int) uid.val) && (config.rule & match) != 0) {
+                            uidSetToRemoveRule.add((int) uid.val);
+                        }
+                    });
+
+                    for (final int uid : uidSetToRemoveRule) {
+                        removeRule(uid, match, "replaceUidChain");
+                    }
+                    for (final int uid : uids) {
+                        addRule(uid, match, "replaceUidChain");
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (ErrnoException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "replaceUidChain failed: " + e);
+            }
+        } else {
+            final int err;
+            switch (chain) {
+                case FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE:
+                    err = native_replaceUidChain("fw_dozable", true /* isAllowList */, uids);
+                    break;
+                case FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY:
+                    err = native_replaceUidChain("fw_standby", false /* isAllowList */, uids);
+                    break;
+                case FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE:
+                    err = native_replaceUidChain("fw_powersave", true /* isAllowList */, uids);
+                    break;
+                case FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED:
+                    err = native_replaceUidChain("fw_restricted", true /* isAllowList */, uids);
+                    break;
+                case FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY:
+                    err = native_replaceUidChain(
+                            "fw_low_power_standby", true /* isAllowList */, uids);
+                    break;
+                case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1:
+                    err = native_replaceUidChain("fw_oem_deny_1", false /* isAllowList */, uids);
+                    break;
+                case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2:
+                    err = native_replaceUidChain("fw_oem_deny_2", false /* isAllowList */, uids);
+                    break;
+                case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3:
+                    err = native_replaceUidChain("fw_oem_deny_3", false /* isAllowList */, uids);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("replaceFirewallChain with invalid chain: "
+                            + chain);
+            }
+            if (err != 0) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "replaceUidChain failed: " + Os.strerror(-err));
+            }
         }
-        return -err;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -165,8 +700,23 @@
      *                                  cause of the failure.
      */
     public void setUidRule(final int childChain, final int uid, final int firewallRule) {
-        final int err = native_setUidRule(childChain, uid, firewallRule);
-        maybeThrow(err, "Unable to set uid rule");
+        throwIfPreT("setUidRule is not available on pre-T devices");
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            final long match = getMatchByFirewallChain(childChain);
+            final boolean isAllowList = isFirewallAllowList(childChain);
+            final boolean add = (firewallRule == FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW && isAllowList)
+                    || (firewallRule == FIREWALL_RULE_DENY && !isAllowList);
+
+            if (add) {
+                addRule(uid, match, "setUidRule");
+            } else {
+                removeRule(uid, match, "setUidRule");
+            }
+        } else {
+            final int err = native_setUidRule(childChain, uid, firewallRule);
+            maybeThrow(err, "Unable to set uid rule");
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -187,12 +737,35 @@
      *                                  cause of the failure.
      */
     public void addUidInterfaceRules(final String ifName, final int[] uids) throws RemoteException {
-        if (USE_NETD) {
+        if (PRE_T) {
             mNetd.firewallAddUidInterfaceRules(ifName, uids);
             return;
         }
-        final int err = native_addUidInterfaceRules(ifName, uids);
-        maybeThrow(err, "Unable to add uid interface rules");
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            // Null ifName is a wildcard to allow apps to receive packets on all interfaces and
+            // ifIndex is set to 0.
+            final int ifIndex;
+            if (ifName == null) {
+                ifIndex = 0;
+            } else {
+                ifIndex = mDeps.getIfIndex(ifName);
+                if (ifIndex == 0) {
+                    throw new ServiceSpecificException(ENODEV,
+                            "Failed to get index of interface " + ifName);
+                }
+            }
+            for (final int uid : uids) {
+                try {
+                    addRule(uid, IIF_MATCH, ifIndex, "addUidInterfaceRules");
+                } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "addRule failed uid=" + uid + " ifName=" + ifName + ", " + e);
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            final int err = native_addUidInterfaceRules(ifName, uids);
+            maybeThrow(err, "Unable to add uid interface rules");
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -207,23 +780,85 @@
      *                                  cause of the failure.
      */
     public void removeUidInterfaceRules(final int[] uids) throws RemoteException {
-        if (USE_NETD) {
+        if (PRE_T) {
             mNetd.firewallRemoveUidInterfaceRules(uids);
             return;
         }
-        final int err = native_removeUidInterfaceRules(uids);
-        maybeThrow(err, "Unable to remove uid interface rules");
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            for (final int uid : uids) {
+                try {
+                    removeRule(uid, IIF_MATCH, "removeUidInterfaceRules");
+                } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "removeRule failed uid=" + uid + ", " + e);
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            final int err = native_removeUidInterfaceRules(uids);
+            maybeThrow(err, "Unable to remove uid interface rules");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Update lockdown rule for uid
+     *
+     * @param  uid          target uid to add/remove the rule
+     * @param  add          {@code true} to add the rule, {@code false} to remove the rule.
+     * @throws ServiceSpecificException in case of failure, with an error code indicating the
+     *                                  cause of the failure.
+     */
+    public void updateUidLockdownRule(final int uid, final boolean add) {
+        throwIfPreT("updateUidLockdownRule is not available on pre-T devices");
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            if (add) {
+                addRule(uid, LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH, "updateUidLockdownRule");
+            } else {
+                removeRule(uid, LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH, "updateUidLockdownRule");
+            }
+        } else {
+            final int err = native_updateUidLockdownRule(uid, add);
+            maybeThrow(err, "Unable to update lockdown rule");
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Request netd to change the current active network stats map.
      *
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if called on pre-T devices.
      * @throws ServiceSpecificException in case of failure, with an error code indicating the
      *                                  cause of the failure.
      */
     public void swapActiveStatsMap() {
-        final int err = native_swapActiveStatsMap();
-        maybeThrow(err, "Unable to swap active stats map");
+        throwIfPreT("swapActiveStatsMap is not available on pre-T devices");
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            try {
+                synchronized (sCurrentStatsMapConfigLock) {
+                    final long config = sConfigurationMap.getValue(
+                            CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY).val;
+                    final long newConfig = (config == STATS_SELECT_MAP_A)
+                            ? STATS_SELECT_MAP_B : STATS_SELECT_MAP_A;
+                    sConfigurationMap.updateEntry(CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY,
+                            new U32(newConfig));
+                }
+            } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+                throw new ServiceSpecificException(e.errno, "Failed to swap active stats map");
+            }
+
+            // After changing the config, it's needed to make sure all the current running eBPF
+            // programs are finished and all the CPUs are aware of this config change before the old
+            // map is modified. So special hack is needed here to wait for the kernel to do a
+            // synchronize_rcu(). Once the kernel called synchronize_rcu(), the updated config will
+            // be available to all cores and the next eBPF programs triggered inside the kernel will
+            // use the new map configuration. So once this function returns it is safe to modify the
+            // old stats map without concerning about race between the kernel and userspace.
+            final int err = mDeps.synchronizeKernelRCU();
+            maybeThrow(err, "synchronizeKernelRCU failed");
+        } else {
+            final int err = native_swapActiveStatsMap();
+            maybeThrow(err, "Unable to swap active stats map");
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -237,31 +872,176 @@
      * @throws RemoteException when netd has crashed.
      */
     public void setNetPermForUids(final int permissions, final int[] uids) throws RemoteException {
-        if (USE_NETD) {
+        if (PRE_T) {
             mNetd.trafficSetNetPermForUids(permissions, uids);
             return;
         }
-        native_setPermissionForUids(permissions, uids);
+
+        if (sEnableJavaBpfMap) {
+            // Remove the entry if package is uninstalled or uid has only INTERNET permission.
+            if (permissions == PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED || permissions == PERMISSION_INTERNET) {
+                for (final int uid : uids) {
+                    try {
+                        sUidPermissionMap.deleteEntry(new S32(uid));
+                    } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+                        Log.e(TAG, "Failed to remove uid " + uid + " from permission map: " + e);
+                    }
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+
+            for (final int uid : uids) {
+                try {
+                    sUidPermissionMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid), new U8((short) permissions));
+                } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Failed to set permission "
+                            + permissions + " to uid " + uid + ": " + e);
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            native_setPermissionForUids(permissions, uids);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Register callback for statsd to pull atom. */
+    public void setPullAtomCallback(final Context context) {
+        throwIfPreT("setPullAtomCallback is not available on pre-T devices");
+
+        final StatsManager statsManager = context.getSystemService(StatsManager.class);
+        statsManager.setPullAtomCallback(NETWORK_BPF_MAP_INFO, null /* metadata */,
+                BackgroundThread.getExecutor(), this::pullBpfMapInfoAtom);
+    }
+
+    private <K extends Struct, V extends Struct> int getMapSize(IBpfMap<K, V> map)
+            throws ErrnoException {
+        // forEach could restart iteration from the beginning if there is a concurrent entry
+        // deletion. netd and skDestroyListener could delete CookieTagMap entry concurrently.
+        // So using Set to count the number of entry in the map.
+        Set<K> keySet = new ArraySet<>();
+        map.forEach((k, v) -> keySet.add(k));
+        return keySet.size();
+    }
+
+    /** Callback for StatsManager#setPullAtomCallback */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public int pullBpfMapInfoAtom(final int atomTag, final List<StatsEvent> data) {
+        if (atomTag != NETWORK_BPF_MAP_INFO) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Unexpected atom tag: " + atomTag);
+            return StatsManager.PULL_SKIP;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            data.add(mDeps.buildStatsEvent(getMapSize(sCookieTagMap), getMapSize(sUidOwnerMap),
+                    getMapSize(sUidPermissionMap)));
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to pull NETWORK_BPF_MAP_INFO atom: " + e);
+            return StatsManager.PULL_SKIP;
+        }
+        return StatsManager.PULL_SUCCESS;
+    }
+
+    private String permissionToString(int permissionMask) {
+        if (permissionMask == PERMISSION_NONE) {
+            return "PERMISSION_NONE";
+        }
+        if (permissionMask == PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED) {
+            // PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED should never appear in the map
+            return "PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED error!";
+        }
+
+        final StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner(" ");
+        for (Pair<Integer, String> permission: PERMISSION_LIST) {
+            final int permissionFlag = permission.first;
+            final String permissionName = permission.second;
+            if ((permissionMask & permissionFlag) != 0) {
+                sj.add(permissionName);
+                permissionMask &= ~permissionFlag;
+            }
+        }
+        if (permissionMask != 0) {
+            sj.add("PERMISSION_UNKNOWN(" + permissionMask + ")");
+        }
+        return sj.toString();
+    }
+
+    private String matchToString(long matchMask) {
+        if (matchMask == NO_MATCH) {
+            return "NO_MATCH";
+        }
+
+        final StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner(" ");
+        for (Pair<Long, String> match: MATCH_LIST) {
+            final long matchFlag = match.first;
+            final String matchName = match.second;
+            if ((matchMask & matchFlag) != 0) {
+                sj.add(matchName);
+                matchMask &= ~matchFlag;
+            }
+        }
+        if (matchMask != 0) {
+            sj.add("UNKNOWN_MATCH(" + matchMask + ")");
+        }
+        return sj.toString();
+    }
+
+    private void dumpOwnerMatchConfig(final IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        try {
+            final long match = sConfigurationMap.getValue(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY).val;
+            pw.println("current ownerMatch configuration: " + match + " " + matchToString(match));
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            pw.println("Failed to read ownerMatch configuration: " + e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void dumpCurrentStatsMapConfig(final IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        try {
+            final long config = sConfigurationMap.getValue(CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY).val;
+            final String currentStatsMap =
+                    (config == STATS_SELECT_MAP_A) ? "SELECT_MAP_A" : "SELECT_MAP_B";
+            pw.println("current statsMap configuration: " + config + " " + currentStatsMap);
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            pw.println("Falied to read current statsMap configuration: " + e);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Dump BPF maps
      *
+     * @param pw print writer
      * @param fd file descriptor to output
+     * @param verbose verbose dump flag, if true dump the BpfMap contents
      * @throws IOException when file descriptor is invalid.
      * @throws ServiceSpecificException when the method is called on an unsupported device.
      */
-    public void dump(final FileDescriptor fd, boolean verbose)
+    public void dump(final IndentingPrintWriter pw, final FileDescriptor fd, boolean verbose)
             throws IOException, ServiceSpecificException {
-        if (USE_NETD) {
+        if (PRE_T) {
             throw new ServiceSpecificException(
                     EOPNOTSUPP, "dumpsys connectivity trafficcontroller dump not available on pre-T"
                     + " devices, use dumpsys netd trafficcontroller instead.");
         }
-        native_dump(fd, verbose);
+        mDeps.nativeDump(fd, verbose);
+
+        if (verbose) {
+            dumpOwnerMatchConfig(pw);
+            dumpCurrentStatsMapConfig(pw);
+            pw.println();
+
+            BpfDump.dumpMap(sUidOwnerMap, pw, "sUidOwnerMap",
+                    (uid, match) -> {
+                        if ((match.rule & IIF_MATCH) != 0) {
+                            // TODO: convert interface index to interface name by IfaceIndexNameMap
+                            return uid.val + " " + matchToString(match.rule) + " " + match.iif;
+                        } else {
+                            return uid.val + " " + matchToString(match.rule);
+                        }
+                    });
+            BpfDump.dumpMap(sUidPermissionMap, pw, "sUidPermissionMap",
+                    (uid, permission) -> uid.val + " " + permissionToString(permission.val));
+        }
     }
 
-    private static native void native_init();
+    private static native void native_init(boolean startSkDestroyListener);
     private native int native_addNaughtyApp(int uid);
     private native int native_removeNaughtyApp(int uid);
     private native int native_addNiceApp(int uid);
@@ -271,7 +1051,9 @@
     private native int native_setUidRule(int childChain, int uid, int firewallRule);
     private native int native_addUidInterfaceRules(String ifName, int[] uids);
     private native int native_removeUidInterfaceRules(int[] uids);
+    private native int native_updateUidLockdownRule(int uid, boolean add);
     private native int native_swapActiveStatsMap();
     private native void native_setPermissionForUids(int permissions, int[] uids);
-    private native void native_dump(FileDescriptor fd, boolean verbose);
+    private static native void native_dump(FileDescriptor fd, boolean verbose);
+    private static native int native_synchronizeKernelRCU();
 }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index d79bdb8..10b3dc8
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -89,7 +89,6 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_TRANSPORT_PRIMARY;
 import static android.net.OemNetworkPreferences.OEM_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_TEST;
 import static android.net.OemNetworkPreferences.OEM_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_TEST_ONLY;
-import static android.net.shared.NetworkMonitorUtils.isPrivateDnsValidationRequired;
 import static android.os.Process.INVALID_UID;
 import static android.os.Process.VPN_UID;
 import static android.provider.DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY;
@@ -98,6 +97,10 @@
 import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP;
 
 import static com.android.net.module.util.DeviceConfigUtils.TETHERING_MODULE_NAME;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkMonitorUtils.isPrivateDnsValidationRequired;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.PermissionUtils.enforceAnyPermissionOf;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.PermissionUtils.enforceNetworkStackPermission;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.PermissionUtils.enforceNetworkStackPermissionOr;
 
 import static java.util.Map.Entry;
 
@@ -108,6 +111,7 @@
 import android.app.AppOpsManager;
 import android.app.BroadcastOptions;
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
+import android.app.admin.DevicePolicyManager;
 import android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager;
 import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
 import android.content.ComponentName;
@@ -201,7 +205,6 @@
 import android.net.resolv.aidl.Nat64PrefixEventParcel;
 import android.net.resolv.aidl.PrivateDnsValidationEventParcel;
 import android.net.shared.PrivateDnsConfig;
-import android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTracker;
 import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
 import android.os.BatteryStatsManager;
 import android.os.Binder;
@@ -253,11 +256,13 @@
 import com.android.net.module.util.LinkPropertiesUtils.CompareResult;
 import com.android.net.module.util.LocationPermissionChecker;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkCapabilitiesUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.PerUidCounter;
 import com.android.net.module.util.PermissionUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.TcUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.InetDiagMessage;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.AutodestructReference;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.CarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.ClatCoordinator;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityFlags;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.DnsManager;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate;
@@ -266,6 +271,7 @@
 import com.android.server.connectivity.KeepaliveTracker;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.LingerMonitor;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.MockableSystemProperties;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.MultinetworkPolicyTracker;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkAgentInfo;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkDiagnostics;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkNotificationManager;
@@ -347,6 +353,15 @@
     // connect anyway?" dialog after the user selects a network that doesn't validate.
     private static final int PROMPT_UNVALIDATED_DELAY_MS = 8 * 1000;
 
+    // How long to wait before considering that a network is bad in the absence of any form
+    // of connectivity (valid, partial, captive portal). If none has been detected after this
+    // delay, the stack considers this network bad, which may affect how it's handled in ranking
+    // according to config_networkAvoidBadWifi.
+    // Timeout in case the "actively prefer bad wifi" feature is on
+    private static final int ACTIVELY_PREFER_BAD_WIFI_INITIAL_TIMEOUT_MS = 20 * 1000;
+    // Timeout in case the "actively prefer bad wifi" feature is off
+    private static final int DONT_ACTIVELY_PREFER_BAD_WIFI_INITIAL_TIMEOUT_MS = 8 * 1000;
+
     // Default to 30s linger time-out, and 5s for nascent network. Modifiable only for testing.
     private static final String LINGER_DELAY_PROPERTY = "persist.netmon.linger";
     private static final int DEFAULT_LINGER_DELAY_MS = 30_000;
@@ -375,15 +390,15 @@
     // See ConnectivitySettingsManager.CONNECTIVITY_RELEASE_PENDING_INTENT_DELAY_MS
     private final int mReleasePendingIntentDelayMs;
 
-    private MockableSystemProperties mSystemProperties;
+    private final MockableSystemProperties mSystemProperties;
 
     @VisibleForTesting
     protected final PermissionMonitor mPermissionMonitor;
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    final PerUidCounter mNetworkRequestCounter;
+    final RequestInfoPerUidCounter mNetworkRequestCounter;
     @VisibleForTesting
-    final PerUidCounter mSystemNetworkRequestCounter;
+    final RequestInfoPerUidCounter mSystemNetworkRequestCounter;
 
     private volatile boolean mLockdownEnabled;
 
@@ -391,7 +406,7 @@
      * Stale copy of uid blocked reasons provided by NPMS. As long as they are accessed only in
      * internal handler thread, they don't need a lock.
      */
-    private SparseIntArray mUidBlockedReasons = new SparseIntArray();
+    private final SparseIntArray mUidBlockedReasons = new SparseIntArray();
 
     private final Context mContext;
     private final ConnectivityResources mResources;
@@ -407,9 +422,8 @@
     @VisibleForTesting
     protected INetd mNetd;
     private DscpPolicyTracker mDscpPolicyTracker = null;
-    private NetworkStatsManager mStatsManager;
-    private NetworkPolicyManager mPolicyManager;
-    private final NetdCallback mNetdCallback;
+    private final NetworkStatsManager mStatsManager;
+    private final NetworkPolicyManager mPolicyManager;
     private final BpfNetMaps mBpfNetMaps;
 
     /**
@@ -448,7 +462,7 @@
      * direct device-originated data traffic of the specific UIDs to the correct
      * default network for each app.
      * Order ints passed to netd must be in the 0~999 range. Larger values code for
-     * a lower priority, {@see NativeUidRangeConfig}
+     * a lower priority, see {@link NativeUidRangeConfig}.
      *
      * Requests that don't code for a per-app preference use PREFERENCE_ORDER_INVALID.
      * The default request uses PREFERENCE_ORDER_DEFAULT.
@@ -576,12 +590,6 @@
     private static final int EVENT_SET_ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED = 28;
 
     /**
-     * used to ask the user to confirm a connection to an unvalidated network.
-     * obj  = network
-     */
-    private static final int EVENT_PROMPT_UNVALIDATED = 29;
-
-    /**
      * used internally to (re)configure always-on networks.
      */
     private static final int EVENT_CONFIGURE_ALWAYS_ON_NETWORKS = 30;
@@ -608,13 +616,6 @@
     // Handle private DNS validation status updates.
     private static final int EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_VALIDATION_UPDATE = 38;
 
-    /**
-     * used to remove a network request, either a listener or a real request and call unavailable
-     * arg1 = UID of caller
-     * obj  = NetworkRequest
-     */
-    private static final int EVENT_RELEASE_NETWORK_REQUEST_AND_CALL_UNAVAILABLE = 39;
-
      /**
       * Event for NetworkMonitor/NetworkAgentInfo to inform ConnectivityService that the network has
       * been tested.
@@ -727,6 +728,14 @@
     private static final int EVENT_INGRESS_RATE_LIMIT_CHANGED = 56;
 
     /**
+     * The initial evaluation period is over for this network.
+     *
+     * If no form of connectivity has been found on this network (valid, partial, captive portal)
+     * then the stack will now consider it to have been determined bad.
+     */
+    private static final int EVENT_INITIAL_EVALUATION_TIMEOUT = 57;
+
+    /**
      * Argument for {@link #EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION} to indicate that the notification
      * should be shown.
      */
@@ -753,7 +762,7 @@
      * The BPF program attached to the tc-police hook to account for to-be-dropped traffic.
      */
     private static final String TC_POLICE_BPF_PROG_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/prog_netd_schedact_ingress_account";
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/prog_netd_schedact_ingress_account";
 
     private static String eventName(int what) {
         return sMagicDecoderRing.get(what, Integer.toString(what));
@@ -777,12 +786,13 @@
     final ConnectivityDiagnosticsHandler mConnectivityDiagnosticsHandler;
 
     private final DnsManager mDnsManager;
-    private final NetworkRanker mNetworkRanker;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final NetworkRanker mNetworkRanker;
 
     private boolean mSystemReady;
     private Intent mInitialBroadcast;
 
-    private PowerManager.WakeLock mNetTransitionWakeLock;
+    private final PowerManager.WakeLock mNetTransitionWakeLock;
     private final PowerManager.WakeLock mPendingIntentWakeLock;
 
     // A helper object to track the current default HTTP proxy. ConnectivityService needs to tell
@@ -792,10 +802,10 @@
 
     final private SettingsObserver mSettingsObserver;
 
-    private UserManager mUserManager;
+    private final UserManager mUserManager;
 
     // the set of network types that can only be enabled by system/sig apps
-    private List<Integer> mProtectedNetworks;
+    private final List<Integer> mProtectedNetworks;
 
     private Set<String> mWolSupportedInterfaces;
 
@@ -805,10 +815,10 @@
 
     private final LocationPermissionChecker mLocationPermissionChecker;
 
-    private KeepaliveTracker mKeepaliveTracker;
-    private QosCallbackTracker mQosCallbackTracker;
-    private NetworkNotificationManager mNotifier;
-    private LingerMonitor mLingerMonitor;
+    private final KeepaliveTracker mKeepaliveTracker;
+    private final QosCallbackTracker mQosCallbackTracker;
+    private final NetworkNotificationManager mNotifier;
+    private final LingerMonitor mLingerMonitor;
 
     // sequence number of NetworkRequests
     private int mNextNetworkRequestId = NetworkRequest.FIRST_REQUEST_ID;
@@ -836,7 +846,7 @@
     private final IpConnectivityLog mMetricsLog;
 
     @GuardedBy("mBandwidthRequests")
-    private final SparseArray<Integer> mBandwidthRequests = new SparseArray(10);
+    private final SparseArray<Integer> mBandwidthRequests = new SparseArray<>(10);
 
     @VisibleForTesting
     final MultinetworkPolicyTracker mMultinetworkPolicyTracker;
@@ -895,7 +905,7 @@
          *  - getRestoreTimerForType(type) is also synchronized on mTypeLists.
          *  - dump is thread-safe with respect to concurrent add and remove calls.
          */
-        private final ArrayList<NetworkAgentInfo> mTypeLists[];
+        private final ArrayList<NetworkAgentInfo>[] mTypeLists;
         @NonNull
         private final ConnectivityService mService;
 
@@ -1098,8 +1108,7 @@
             }
         }
 
-        // send out another legacy broadcast - currently only used for suspend/unsuspend
-        // toggle
+        // send out another legacy broadcast - currently only used for suspend/unsuspend toggle
         public void update(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
             final boolean isDefault = mService.isDefaultNetwork(nai);
             final DetailedState state = nai.networkInfo.getDetailedState();
@@ -1190,88 +1199,6 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Keeps track of the number of requests made under different uids.
-     */
-    public static class PerUidCounter {
-        private final int mMaxCountPerUid;
-
-        // Map from UID to number of NetworkRequests that UID has filed.
-        @VisibleForTesting
-        @GuardedBy("mUidToNetworkRequestCount")
-        final SparseIntArray mUidToNetworkRequestCount = new SparseIntArray();
-
-        /**
-         * Constructor
-         *
-         * @param maxCountPerUid the maximum count per uid allowed
-         */
-        public PerUidCounter(final int maxCountPerUid) {
-            mMaxCountPerUid = maxCountPerUid;
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Increments the request count of the given uid.  Throws an exception if the number
-         * of open requests for the uid exceeds the value of maxCounterPerUid which is the value
-         * passed into the constructor. see: {@link #PerUidCounter(int)}.
-         *
-         * @throws ServiceSpecificException with
-         * {@link ConnectivityManager.Errors.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS} if the number of requests for
-         * the uid exceed the allowed number.
-         *
-         * @param uid the uid that the request was made under
-         */
-        public void incrementCountOrThrow(final int uid) {
-            synchronized (mUidToNetworkRequestCount) {
-                incrementCountOrThrow(uid, 1 /* numToIncrement */);
-            }
-        }
-
-        private void incrementCountOrThrow(final int uid, final int numToIncrement) {
-            final int newRequestCount =
-                    mUidToNetworkRequestCount.get(uid, 0) + numToIncrement;
-            if (newRequestCount >= mMaxCountPerUid
-                    // HACK : the system server is allowed to go over the request count limit
-                    // when it is creating requests on behalf of another app (but not itself,
-                    // so it can still detect its own request leaks). This only happens in the
-                    // per-app API flows in which case the old requests for that particular
-                    // UID will be removed soon.
-                    // TODO : instead of this hack, addPerAppDefaultNetworkRequests and other
-                    // users of transact() should unregister the requests to decrease the count
-                    // before they increase it again by creating a new NRI. Then remove the
-                    // transact() method.
-                    && (Process.myUid() == uid || Process.myUid() != Binder.getCallingUid())) {
-                throw new ServiceSpecificException(
-                        ConnectivityManager.Errors.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
-                        "Uid " + uid + " exceeded its allotted requests limit");
-            }
-            mUidToNetworkRequestCount.put(uid, newRequestCount);
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Decrements the request count of the given uid.
-         *
-         * @param uid the uid that the request was made under
-         */
-        public void decrementCount(final int uid) {
-            synchronized (mUidToNetworkRequestCount) {
-                decrementCount(uid, 1 /* numToDecrement */);
-            }
-        }
-
-        private void decrementCount(final int uid, final int numToDecrement) {
-            final int newRequestCount =
-                    mUidToNetworkRequestCount.get(uid, 0) - numToDecrement;
-            if (newRequestCount < 0) {
-                logwtf("BUG: too small request count " + newRequestCount + " for UID " + uid);
-            } else if (newRequestCount == 0) {
-                mUidToNetworkRequestCount.delete(uid);
-            } else {
-                mUidToNetworkRequestCount.put(uid, newRequestCount);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
      * Dependencies of ConnectivityService, for injection in tests.
      */
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -1377,7 +1304,11 @@
 
         /**
          * @see CarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator
+         *
+         * This method returns null in versions before T, where carrier privilege
+         * authentication is not supported.
          */
+        @Nullable
         public CarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator makeCarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator(
                 @NonNull final Context context, @NonNull final TelephonyManager tm) {
             if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
@@ -1397,11 +1328,24 @@
 
         /**
          * Get the BpfNetMaps implementation to use in ConnectivityService.
-         * @param netd
+         * @param netd a netd binder
          * @return BpfNetMaps implementation.
          */
-        public BpfNetMaps getBpfNetMaps(INetd netd) {
-            return new BpfNetMaps(netd);
+        public BpfNetMaps getBpfNetMaps(Context context, INetd netd) {
+            return new BpfNetMaps(context, netd);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @see ClatCoordinator
+         */
+        public ClatCoordinator getClatCoordinator(INetd netd) {
+            return new ClatCoordinator(
+                new ClatCoordinator.Dependencies() {
+                    @NonNull
+                    public INetd getNetd() {
+                        return netd;
+                    }
+                });
         }
 
         /**
@@ -1468,11 +1412,15 @@
         mNetIdManager = mDeps.makeNetIdManager();
         mContext = Objects.requireNonNull(context, "missing Context");
         mResources = deps.getResources(mContext);
-        mNetworkRequestCounter = new PerUidCounter(MAX_NETWORK_REQUESTS_PER_UID);
-        mSystemNetworkRequestCounter = new PerUidCounter(MAX_NETWORK_REQUESTS_PER_SYSTEM_UID);
+        // The legacy PerUidCounter is buggy and throwing exception at count == limit.
+        // Pass limit - 1 to maintain backward compatibility.
+        // TODO: Remove the workaround.
+        mNetworkRequestCounter =
+                new RequestInfoPerUidCounter(MAX_NETWORK_REQUESTS_PER_UID - 1);
+        mSystemNetworkRequestCounter =
+                new RequestInfoPerUidCounter(MAX_NETWORK_REQUESTS_PER_SYSTEM_UID - 1);
 
         mMetricsLog = logger;
-        mNetworkRanker = new NetworkRanker();
         final NetworkRequest defaultInternetRequest = createDefaultRequest();
         mDefaultRequest = new NetworkRequestInfo(
                 Process.myUid(), defaultInternetRequest, null,
@@ -1517,7 +1465,7 @@
         mProxyTracker = mDeps.makeProxyTracker(mContext, mHandler);
 
         mNetd = netd;
-        mBpfNetMaps = mDeps.getBpfNetMaps(netd);
+        mBpfNetMaps = mDeps.getBpfNetMaps(mContext, netd);
         mTelephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
         mAppOpsManager = (AppOpsManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE);
         mLocationPermissionChecker = mDeps.makeLocationPermissionChecker(mContext);
@@ -1569,9 +1517,9 @@
 
         mNetworkActivityTracker = new LegacyNetworkActivityTracker(mContext, mHandler, mNetd);
 
-        mNetdCallback = new NetdCallback();
+        final NetdCallback netdCallback = new NetdCallback();
         try {
-            mNetd.registerUnsolicitedEventListener(mNetdCallback);
+            mNetd.registerUnsolicitedEventListener(netdCallback);
         } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
             loge("Error registering event listener :" + e);
         }
@@ -1593,6 +1541,9 @@
 
         mMultinetworkPolicyTracker = mDeps.makeMultinetworkPolicyTracker(
                 mContext, mHandler, () -> updateAvoidBadWifi());
+        mNetworkRanker =
+                new NetworkRanker(new NetworkRanker.Configuration(activelyPreferBadWifi()));
+
         mMultinetworkPolicyTracker.start();
 
         mDnsManager = new DnsManager(mContext, mDnsResolver);
@@ -1710,11 +1661,6 @@
         mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(EVENT_INGRESS_RATE_LIMIT_CHANGED);
     }
 
-    private void handleAlwaysOnNetworkRequest(NetworkRequest networkRequest, int id) {
-        final boolean enable = mContext.getResources().getBoolean(id);
-        handleAlwaysOnNetworkRequest(networkRequest, enable);
-    }
-
     private void handleAlwaysOnNetworkRequest(
             NetworkRequest networkRequest, String settingName, boolean defaultValue) {
         final boolean enable = toBool(Settings.Global.getInt(
@@ -1757,12 +1703,12 @@
                 Settings.Global.getUriFor(Settings.Global.HTTP_PROXY),
                 EVENT_APPLY_GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY);
 
-        // Watch for whether or not to keep mobile data always on.
+        // Watch for whether to keep mobile data always on.
         mSettingsObserver.observe(
                 Settings.Global.getUriFor(ConnectivitySettingsManager.MOBILE_DATA_ALWAYS_ON),
                 EVENT_CONFIGURE_ALWAYS_ON_NETWORKS);
 
-        // Watch for whether or not to keep wifi always on.
+        // Watch for whether to keep wifi always on.
         mSettingsObserver.observe(
                 Settings.Global.getUriFor(ConnectivitySettingsManager.WIFI_ALWAYS_REQUESTED),
                 EVENT_CONFIGURE_ALWAYS_ON_NETWORKS);
@@ -1792,6 +1738,7 @@
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
+    @Nullable
     protected NetworkAgentInfo getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(Network network) {
         if (network == null) {
             return null;
@@ -1806,11 +1753,13 @@
     }
 
     // TODO: determine what to do when more than one VPN applies to |uid|.
+    @Nullable
     private NetworkAgentInfo getVpnForUid(int uid) {
         synchronized (mNetworkForNetId) {
             for (int i = 0; i < mNetworkForNetId.size(); i++) {
                 final NetworkAgentInfo nai = mNetworkForNetId.valueAt(i);
-                if (nai.isVPN() && nai.everConnected && nai.networkCapabilities.appliesToUid(uid)) {
+                if (nai.isVPN() && nai.everConnected()
+                        && nai.networkCapabilities.appliesToUid(uid)) {
                     return nai;
                 }
             }
@@ -1818,6 +1767,7 @@
         return null;
     }
 
+    @Nullable
     private Network[] getVpnUnderlyingNetworks(int uid) {
         if (mLockdownEnabled) return null;
         final NetworkAgentInfo nai = getVpnForUid(uid);
@@ -1929,6 +1879,7 @@
      * active
      */
     @Override
+    @Nullable
     public NetworkInfo getActiveNetworkInfo() {
         enforceAccessPermission();
         final int uid = mDeps.getCallingUid();
@@ -1940,17 +1891,20 @@
     }
 
     @Override
+    @Nullable
     public Network getActiveNetwork() {
         enforceAccessPermission();
         return getActiveNetworkForUidInternal(mDeps.getCallingUid(), false);
     }
 
     @Override
+    @Nullable
     public Network getActiveNetworkForUid(int uid, boolean ignoreBlocked) {
-        PermissionUtils.enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
+        enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
         return getActiveNetworkForUidInternal(uid, ignoreBlocked);
     }
 
+    @Nullable
     private Network getActiveNetworkForUidInternal(final int uid, boolean ignoreBlocked) {
         final NetworkAgentInfo vpnNai = getVpnForUid(uid);
         if (vpnNai != null) {
@@ -1969,8 +1923,9 @@
     }
 
     @Override
+    @Nullable
     public NetworkInfo getActiveNetworkInfoForUid(int uid, boolean ignoreBlocked) {
-        PermissionUtils.enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
+        enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
         final NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForUid(uid);
         if (nai == null) return null;
         return getFilteredNetworkInfo(nai, uid, ignoreBlocked);
@@ -2005,6 +1960,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
+    @Nullable
     public NetworkInfo getNetworkInfo(int networkType) {
         enforceAccessPermission();
         final int uid = mDeps.getCallingUid();
@@ -2023,8 +1979,12 @@
     }
 
     @Override
+    @Nullable
     public NetworkInfo getNetworkInfoForUid(Network network, int uid, boolean ignoreBlocked) {
         enforceAccessPermission();
+        if (uid != mDeps.getCallingUid()) {
+            enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
+        }
         final NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network);
         if (nai == null) return null;
         return getFilteredNetworkInfo(nai, uid, ignoreBlocked);
@@ -2045,6 +2005,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
+    @Nullable
     public Network getNetworkForType(int networkType) {
         enforceAccessPermission();
         if (!mLegacyTypeTracker.isTypeSupported(networkType)) {
@@ -2062,6 +2023,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
+    @NonNull
     public Network[] getAllNetworks() {
         enforceAccessPermission();
         synchronized (mNetworkForNetId) {
@@ -2509,7 +2471,7 @@
     @Override
     public NetworkState[] getAllNetworkState() {
         // This contains IMSI details, so make sure the caller is privileged.
-        PermissionUtils.enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
+        enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
 
         final ArrayList<NetworkState> result = new ArrayList<>();
         for (NetworkStateSnapshot snapshot : getAllNetworkStateSnapshots()) {
@@ -2522,7 +2484,7 @@
                         snapshot.getNetwork(), snapshot.getSubscriberId()));
             }
         }
-        return result.toArray(new NetworkState[result.size()]);
+        return result.toArray(new NetworkState[0]);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -2534,7 +2496,7 @@
         final ArrayList<NetworkStateSnapshot> result = new ArrayList<>();
         for (Network network : getAllNetworks()) {
             final NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network);
-            if (nai != null && nai.everConnected) {
+            if (nai != null && nai.everConnected()) {
                 // TODO (b/73321673) : NetworkStateSnapshot contains a copy of the
                 // NetworkCapabilities, which may contain UIDs of apps to which the
                 // network applies. Should the UIDs be cleared so as not to leak or
@@ -2613,14 +2575,14 @@
         verifyCallingUidAndPackage(callingPackageName, mDeps.getCallingUid());
         enforceChangePermission(callingPackageName, callingAttributionTag);
         if (mProtectedNetworks.contains(networkType)) {
-            enforceConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission();
+            enforceConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission(true /* checkUidsAllowedList */);
         }
 
         InetAddress addr;
         try {
             addr = InetAddress.getByAddress(hostAddress);
         } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
-            if (DBG) log("requestRouteToHostAddress got " + e.toString());
+            if (DBG) log("requestRouteToHostAddress got " + e);
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -2631,7 +2593,7 @@
 
         NetworkAgentInfo nai = mLegacyTypeTracker.getNetworkForType(networkType);
         if (nai == null) {
-            if (mLegacyTypeTracker.isTypeSupported(networkType) == false) {
+            if (!mLegacyTypeTracker.isTypeSupported(networkType)) {
                 if (DBG) log("requestRouteToHostAddress on unsupported network: " + networkType);
             } else {
                 if (DBG) log("requestRouteToHostAddress on down network: " + networkType);
@@ -2724,7 +2686,7 @@
             // the caller thread of registerNetworkAgent. Thus, it's not allowed to register netd
             // event callback for certain nai. e.g. cellular. Register here to pass to
             // NetworkMonitor instead.
-            // TODO: Move the Dns Event to NetworkMonitor. NetdEventListenerService only allow one
+            // TODO: Move the Dns Event to NetworkMonitor. NetdEventListenerService only allows one
             // callback from each caller type. Need to re-factor NetdEventListenerService to allow
             // multiple NetworkMonitor registrants.
             if (nai != null && nai.satisfies(mDefaultRequest.mRequests.get(0))) {
@@ -2774,15 +2736,6 @@
         setUidBlockedReasons(uid, blockedReasons);
     }
 
-    private boolean checkAnyPermissionOf(String... permissions) {
-        for (String permission : permissions) {
-            if (mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(permission) == PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
     private boolean checkAnyPermissionOf(int pid, int uid, String... permissions) {
         for (String permission : permissions) {
             if (mContext.checkPermission(permission, pid, uid) == PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
@@ -2792,13 +2745,6 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    private void enforceAnyPermissionOf(String... permissions) {
-        if (!checkAnyPermissionOf(permissions)) {
-            throw new SecurityException("Requires one of the following permissions: "
-                    + String.join(", ", permissions) + ".");
-        }
-    }
-
     private void enforceInternetPermission() {
         mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                 android.Manifest.permission.INTERNET,
@@ -2858,23 +2804,23 @@
     }
 
     private void enforceSettingsPermission() {
-        enforceAnyPermissionOf(
+        enforceAnyPermissionOf(mContext,
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
                 NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
     }
 
     private void enforceNetworkFactoryPermission() {
         // TODO: Check for the BLUETOOTH_STACK permission once that is in the API surface.
-        if (getCallingUid() == Process.BLUETOOTH_UID) return;
-        enforceAnyPermissionOf(
+        if (UserHandle.getAppId(getCallingUid()) == Process.BLUETOOTH_UID) return;
+        enforceAnyPermissionOf(mContext,
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_FACTORY,
                 NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
     }
 
     private void enforceNetworkFactoryOrSettingsPermission() {
         // TODO: Check for the BLUETOOTH_STACK permission once that is in the API surface.
-        if (getCallingUid() == Process.BLUETOOTH_UID) return;
-        enforceAnyPermissionOf(
+        if (UserHandle.getAppId(getCallingUid()) == Process.BLUETOOTH_UID) return;
+        enforceAnyPermissionOf(mContext,
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_FACTORY,
                 NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
@@ -2882,8 +2828,8 @@
 
     private void enforceNetworkFactoryOrTestNetworksPermission() {
         // TODO: Check for the BLUETOOTH_STACK permission once that is in the API surface.
-        if (getCallingUid() == Process.BLUETOOTH_UID) return;
-        enforceAnyPermissionOf(
+        if (UserHandle.getAppId(getCallingUid()) == Process.BLUETOOTH_UID) return;
+        enforceAnyPermissionOf(mContext,
                 android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS,
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_FACTORY,
                 NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
@@ -2896,11 +2842,11 @@
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS, pid, uid)
                 || PERMISSION_GRANTED == mContext.checkPermission(
                 NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, pid, uid)
-                || uid == Process.BLUETOOTH_UID;
+                || UserHandle.getAppId(uid) == Process.BLUETOOTH_UID;
     }
 
     private boolean checkSettingsPermission() {
-        return checkAnyPermissionOf(
+        return PermissionUtils.checkAnyPermissionOf(mContext,
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
                 NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
     }
@@ -2913,27 +2859,21 @@
     }
 
     private void enforceNetworkStackOrSettingsPermission() {
-        enforceAnyPermissionOf(
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
-                NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
+        enforceNetworkStackPermissionOr(mContext,
+                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS);
     }
 
     private void enforceNetworkStackSettingsOrSetup() {
-        enforceAnyPermissionOf(
+        enforceNetworkStackPermissionOr(mContext,
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD,
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
-                NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
+                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD);
     }
 
     private void enforceAirplaneModePermission() {
-        enforceAnyPermissionOf(
+        enforceNetworkStackPermissionOr(mContext,
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_AIRPLANE_MODE,
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD,
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
-                NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
+                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD);
     }
 
     private void enforceOemNetworkPreferencesPermission() {
@@ -2949,7 +2889,7 @@
     }
 
     private boolean checkNetworkStackPermission() {
-        return checkAnyPermissionOf(
+        return PermissionUtils.checkAnyPermissionOf(mContext,
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
                 NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
     }
@@ -2967,18 +2907,35 @@
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS);
     }
 
-    private void enforceConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission() {
-        try {
-            mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
-                    android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS,
-                    "ConnectivityService");
-            return;
-        } catch (SecurityException e) { /* fallback to ConnectivityInternalPermission */ }
-        //  TODO: Remove this fallback check after all apps have declared
-        //   CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS.
-        mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
-                android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL,
-                "ConnectivityService");
+    private boolean checkConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission(int callingUid,
+            boolean checkUidsAllowedList) {
+        if (PermissionUtils.checkAnyPermissionOf(mContext,
+                android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // fallback to ConnectivityInternalPermission
+        // TODO: Remove this fallback check after all apps have declared
+        //  CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS.
+        if (PermissionUtils.checkAnyPermissionOf(mContext,
+                android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // Check whether uid is in allowed on restricted networks list.
+        if (checkUidsAllowedList
+                && mPermissionMonitor.isUidAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks(callingUid)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private void enforceConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission(boolean checkUidsAllowedList) {
+        final int callingUid = mDeps.getCallingUid();
+        if (!checkConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission(callingUid, checkUidsAllowedList)) {
+            throw new SecurityException("ConnectivityService: user " + callingUid
+                    + " has no permission to access restricted network.");
+        }
     }
 
     private void enforceKeepalivePermission() {
@@ -3094,11 +3051,17 @@
         mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_CONFIGURE_ALWAYS_ON_NETWORKS));
 
         // Update mobile data preference if necessary.
-        // Note that empty uid list can be skip here only because no uid rules applied before system
-        // ready. Normally, the empty uid list means to clear the uids rules on netd.
+        // Note that updating can be skipped here if the list is empty only because no uid
+        // rules are applied before system ready. Normally, the empty uid list means to clear
+        // the uids rules on netd.
         if (!ConnectivitySettingsManager.getMobileDataPreferredUids(mContext).isEmpty()) {
             updateMobileDataPreferredUids();
         }
+
+        // On T+ devices, register callback for statsd to pull NETWORK_BPF_MAP_INFO atom
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            mBpfNetMaps.setPullAtomCallback(mContext);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -3209,7 +3172,7 @@
     }
 
     private void dumpNetworkDiagnostics(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
-        final List<NetworkDiagnostics> netDiags = new ArrayList<NetworkDiagnostics>();
+        final List<NetworkDiagnostics> netDiags = new ArrayList<>();
         final long DIAG_TIME_MS = 5000;
         for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : networksSortedById()) {
             PrivateDnsConfig privateDnsCfg = mDnsManager.getPrivateDnsConfig(nai.network);
@@ -3266,11 +3229,12 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        pw.print("NetworkProviders for:");
+        pw.println("NetworkProviders for:");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
         for (NetworkProviderInfo npi : mNetworkProviderInfos.values()) {
-            pw.print(" " + npi.name);
+            pw.println(npi.providerId + ": " + npi.name);
         }
-        pw.println();
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
         pw.println();
 
         final NetworkAgentInfo defaultNai = getDefaultNetwork();
@@ -3319,6 +3283,14 @@
         pw.decreaseIndent();
         pw.println();
 
+        pw.println("Network Offers:");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
+        for (final NetworkOfferInfo offerInfo : mNetworkOffers) {
+            pw.println(offerInfo.offer);
+        }
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
+        pw.println();
+
         mLegacyTypeTracker.dump(pw);
 
         pw.println();
@@ -3393,6 +3365,10 @@
         for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : networksSortedById()) {
             pw.println(nai.toString());
             pw.increaseIndent();
+            pw.println("Nat464Xlat:");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            nai.dumpNat464Xlat(pw);
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
             pw.println(String.format(
                     "Requests: REQUEST:%d LISTEN:%d BACKGROUND_REQUEST:%d total:%d",
                     nai.numForegroundNetworkRequests(),
@@ -3484,7 +3460,7 @@
     private void dumpTrafficController(IndentingPrintWriter pw, final FileDescriptor fd,
             boolean verbose) {
         try {
-            mBpfNetMaps.dump(fd, verbose);
+            mBpfNetMaps.dump(pw, fd, verbose);
         } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
             pw.println(e.getMessage());
         } catch (IOException e) {
@@ -3567,17 +3543,17 @@
             }
 
             // If the network has been destroyed, the only thing that it can do is disconnect.
-            if (nai.destroyed && !isDisconnectRequest(msg)) {
+            if (nai.isDestroyed() && !isDisconnectRequest(msg)) {
                 return;
             }
 
             switch (msg.what) {
                 case NetworkAgent.EVENT_NETWORK_CAPABILITIES_CHANGED: {
-                    final NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities = new NetworkCapabilities(
-                            (NetworkCapabilities) arg.second);
-                    maybeUpdateWifiRoamTimestamp(nai, networkCapabilities);
-                    processCapabilitiesFromAgent(nai, networkCapabilities);
-                    updateCapabilities(nai.getCurrentScore(), nai, networkCapabilities);
+                    nai.setDeclaredCapabilities((NetworkCapabilities) arg.second);
+                    final NetworkCapabilities sanitized =
+                            nai.getDeclaredCapabilitiesSanitized(mCarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator);
+                    maybeUpdateWifiRoamTimestamp(nai, sanitized);
+                    updateCapabilities(nai.getScore(), nai, sanitized);
                     break;
                 }
                 case NetworkAgent.EVENT_NETWORK_PROPERTIES_CHANGED: {
@@ -3596,7 +3572,7 @@
                     break;
                 }
                 case NetworkAgent.EVENT_SET_EXPLICITLY_SELECTED: {
-                    if (nai.everConnected) {
+                    if (nai.everConnected()) {
                         loge("ERROR: cannot call explicitlySelected on already-connected network");
                         // Note that if the NAI had been connected, this would affect the
                         // score, and therefore would require re-mixing the score and performing
@@ -3669,7 +3645,7 @@
                 }
                 case NetworkAgent.EVENT_REMOVE_ALL_DSCP_POLICIES: {
                     if (mDscpPolicyTracker != null) {
-                        mDscpPolicyTracker.removeAllDscpPolicies(nai);
+                        mDscpPolicyTracker.removeAllDscpPolicies(nai, true);
                     }
                     break;
                 }
@@ -3726,7 +3702,7 @@
             final int netId = msg.arg2;
             final NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetId(netId);
             // If a network has already been destroyed, all NetworkMonitor updates are ignored.
-            if (nai != null && nai.destroyed) return true;
+            if (nai != null && nai.isDestroyed()) return true;
             switch (msg.what) {
                 default:
                     return false;
@@ -3775,19 +3751,6 @@
                 case EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION: {
                     final boolean visible = toBool(msg.arg1);
                     // If captive portal status has changed, update capabilities or disconnect.
-                    if (nai != null && (visible != nai.lastCaptivePortalDetected)) {
-                        nai.lastCaptivePortalDetected = visible;
-                        nai.everCaptivePortalDetected |= visible;
-                        if (nai.lastCaptivePortalDetected &&
-                                ConnectivitySettingsManager.CAPTIVE_PORTAL_MODE_AVOID
-                                        == getCaptivePortalMode()) {
-                            if (DBG) log("Avoiding captive portal network: " + nai.toShortString());
-                            nai.onPreventAutomaticReconnect();
-                            teardownUnneededNetwork(nai);
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        updateCapabilitiesForNetwork(nai);
-                    }
                     if (!visible) {
                         // Only clear SIGN_IN and NETWORK_SWITCH notifications here, or else other
                         // notifications belong to the same network may be cleared unexpectedly.
@@ -3823,7 +3786,22 @@
 
         private void handleNetworkTested(
                 @NonNull NetworkAgentInfo nai, int testResult, @NonNull String redirectUrl) {
-            final boolean valid = ((testResult & NETWORK_VALIDATION_RESULT_VALID) != 0);
+            final boolean valid = (testResult & NETWORK_VALIDATION_RESULT_VALID) != 0;
+            final boolean partial = (testResult & NETWORK_VALIDATION_RESULT_PARTIAL) != 0;
+            final boolean portal = !TextUtils.isEmpty(redirectUrl);
+
+            // If there is any kind of working networking, then the NAI has been evaluated
+            // once. {@see NetworkAgentInfo#setEvaluated}, which returns whether this is
+            // the first time this ever happened.
+            final boolean someConnectivity = (valid || partial || portal);
+            final boolean becameEvaluated = someConnectivity && nai.setEvaluated();
+            // Because of b/245893397, if the score is updated when updateCapabilities is called,
+            // any callback that receives onAvailable for that rematch receives an extra caps
+            // callback. To prevent that, update the score in the agent so the updates below won't
+            // see an update to both caps and score at the same time.
+            // TODO : fix b/245893397 and remove this.
+            if (becameEvaluated) nai.updateScoreForNetworkAgentUpdate();
+
             if (!valid && shouldIgnoreValidationFailureAfterRoam(nai)) {
                 // Assume the validation failure is due to a temporary failure after roaming
                 // and ignore it. NetworkMonitor will continue to retry validation. If it
@@ -3832,12 +3810,14 @@
                 return;
             }
 
-            final boolean wasValidated = nai.lastValidated;
-            final boolean wasDefault = isDefaultNetwork(nai);
-            final boolean wasPartial = nai.partialConnectivity;
-            nai.partialConnectivity = ((testResult & NETWORK_VALIDATION_RESULT_PARTIAL) != 0);
-            final boolean partialConnectivityChanged =
-                    (wasPartial != nai.partialConnectivity);
+            final boolean wasValidated = nai.isValidated();
+            final boolean wasPartial = nai.partialConnectivity();
+            final boolean wasPortal = nai.captivePortalDetected();
+            nai.setPartialConnectivity(partial);
+            nai.setCaptivePortalDetected(portal);
+            nai.updateScoreForNetworkAgentUpdate();
+            final boolean partialConnectivityChanged = (wasPartial != partial);
+            final boolean portalChanged = (wasPortal != portal);
 
             if (DBG) {
                 final String logMsg = !TextUtils.isEmpty(redirectUrl)
@@ -3845,10 +3825,9 @@
                         : "";
                 log(nai.toShortString() + " validation " + (valid ? "passed" : "failed") + logMsg);
             }
-            if (valid != nai.lastValidated) {
-                final int oldScore = nai.getCurrentScore();
-                nai.lastValidated = valid;
-                nai.everValidated |= valid;
+            if (valid != wasValidated) {
+                final FullScore oldScore = nai.getScore();
+                nai.setValidated(valid);
                 updateCapabilities(oldScore, nai, nai.networkCapabilities);
                 if (valid) {
                     handleFreshlyValidatedNetwork(nai);
@@ -3869,8 +3848,23 @@
                 }
             } else if (partialConnectivityChanged) {
                 updateCapabilitiesForNetwork(nai);
+            } else if (portalChanged) {
+                if (portal && ConnectivitySettingsManager.CAPTIVE_PORTAL_MODE_AVOID
+                        == getCaptivePortalMode()) {
+                    if (DBG) log("Avoiding captive portal network: " + nai.toShortString());
+                    nai.onPreventAutomaticReconnect();
+                    teardownUnneededNetwork(nai);
+                    return;
+                } else {
+                    updateCapabilitiesForNetwork(nai);
+                }
+            } else if (becameEvaluated) {
+                // If valid or partial connectivity changed, updateCapabilities* has
+                // done the rematch.
+                rematchAllNetworksAndRequests();
             }
             updateInetCondition(nai);
+
             // Let the NetworkAgent know the state of its network
             // TODO: Evaluate to update partial connectivity to status to NetworkAgent.
             nai.onValidationStatusChanged(
@@ -3878,16 +3872,16 @@
                     redirectUrl);
 
             // If NetworkMonitor detects partial connectivity before
-            // EVENT_PROMPT_UNVALIDATED arrives, show the partial connectivity notification
+            // EVENT_INITIAL_EVALUATION_TIMEOUT arrives, show the partial connectivity notification
             // immediately. Re-notify partial connectivity silently if no internet
             // notification already there.
-            if (!wasPartial && nai.partialConnectivity) {
+            if (!wasPartial && nai.partialConnectivity()) {
                 // Remove delayed message if there is a pending message.
-                mHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_PROMPT_UNVALIDATED, nai.network);
-                handlePromptUnvalidated(nai.network);
+                mHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_INITIAL_EVALUATION_TIMEOUT, nai.network);
+                handleInitialEvaluationTimeout(nai.network);
             }
 
-            if (wasValidated && !nai.lastValidated) {
+            if (wasValidated && !nai.isValidated()) {
                 handleNetworkUnvalidated(nai);
             }
         }
@@ -3922,7 +3916,7 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
+        public void handleMessage(@NonNull Message msg) {
             if (!maybeHandleNetworkMonitorMessage(msg)
                     && !maybeHandleNetworkAgentInfoMessage(msg)) {
                 maybeHandleNetworkAgentMessage(msg);
@@ -4234,7 +4228,7 @@
     }
 
     private static boolean shouldDestroyNativeNetwork(@NonNull NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
-        return nai.created && !nai.destroyed;
+        return nai.isCreated() && !nai.isDestroyed();
     }
 
     private boolean shouldIgnoreValidationFailureAfterRoam(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
@@ -4244,8 +4238,8 @@
                 R.integer.config_validationFailureAfterRoamIgnoreTimeMillis));
         if (blockTimeOut <= MAX_VALIDATION_FAILURE_BLOCKING_TIME_MS
                 && blockTimeOut >= 0) {
-            final long currentTimeMs  = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
-            long timeSinceLastRoam = currentTimeMs - nai.lastRoamTimestamp;
+            final long currentTimeMs = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+            long timeSinceLastRoam = currentTimeMs - nai.lastRoamTime;
             if (timeSinceLastRoam <= blockTimeOut) {
                 log ("blocked because only " + timeSinceLastRoam + "ms after roam");
                 return true;
@@ -4349,7 +4343,7 @@
         }
 
         // Delayed teardown.
-        if (nai.created) {
+        if (nai.isCreated()) {
             try {
                 mNetd.networkSetPermissionForNetwork(nai.network.netId, INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
@@ -4370,7 +4364,7 @@
             // for an unnecessarily long time.
             destroyNativeNetwork(nai);
         }
-        if (!nai.created && !SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+        if (!nai.isCreated() && !SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
             // Backwards compatibility: send onNetworkDestroyed even if network was never created.
             // This can never run if the code above runs because shouldDestroyNativeNetwork is
             // false if the network was never created.
@@ -4391,12 +4385,14 @@
                 }
                 config = new NativeNetworkConfig(nai.network.getNetId(), NativeNetworkType.VIRTUAL,
                         INetd.PERMISSION_NONE,
-                        (nai.networkAgentConfig == null || !nai.networkAgentConfig.allowBypass),
+                        !nai.networkAgentConfig.allowBypass /* secure */,
                         getVpnType(nai), nai.networkAgentConfig.excludeLocalRouteVpn);
             } else {
                 config = new NativeNetworkConfig(nai.network.getNetId(), NativeNetworkType.PHYSICAL,
-                        getNetworkPermission(nai.networkCapabilities), /*secure=*/ false,
-                        VpnManager.TYPE_VPN_NONE, /*excludeLocalRoutes=*/ false);
+                        getNetworkPermission(nai.networkCapabilities),
+                        false /* secure */,
+                        VpnManager.TYPE_VPN_NONE,
+                        false /* excludeLocalRoutes */);
             }
             mNetd.networkCreate(config);
             mDnsResolver.createNetworkCache(nai.network.getNetId());
@@ -4410,6 +4406,9 @@
     }
 
     private void destroyNativeNetwork(@NonNull NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
+        if (mDscpPolicyTracker != null) {
+            mDscpPolicyTracker.removeAllDscpPolicies(nai, false);
+        }
         try {
             mNetd.networkDestroy(nai.network.getNetId());
         } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
@@ -4426,11 +4425,11 @@
         mDnsManager.removeNetwork(nai.network);
 
         // clean up tc police filters on interface.
-        if (nai.everConnected && canNetworkBeRateLimited(nai) && mIngressRateLimit >= 0) {
+        if (nai.everConnected() && canNetworkBeRateLimited(nai) && mIngressRateLimit >= 0) {
             mDeps.disableIngressRateLimit(nai.linkProperties.getInterfaceName());
         }
 
-        nai.destroyed = true;
+        nai.setDestroyed();
         nai.onNetworkDestroyed();
     }
 
@@ -4464,7 +4463,7 @@
 
     private boolean hasCarrierPrivilegeForNetworkCaps(final int callingUid,
             @NonNull final NetworkCapabilities caps) {
-        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT() && mCarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator != null) {
+        if (mCarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator != null) {
             return mCarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator.hasCarrierPrivilegeForNetworkCapabilities(
                     callingUid, caps);
         }
@@ -4494,7 +4493,6 @@
 
     private void handleRegisterNetworkRequests(@NonNull final Set<NetworkRequestInfo> nris) {
         ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
-        NetworkRequest requestToBeReleased = null;
         for (final NetworkRequestInfo nri : nris) {
             mNetworkRequestInfoLogs.log("REGISTER " + nri);
             checkNrisConsistency(nri);
@@ -4509,13 +4507,6 @@
                         }
                     }
                 }
-                if (req.hasCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CBS)) {
-                    if (!hasCarrierPrivilegeForNetworkCaps(nri.mUid, req.networkCapabilities)
-                            && !checkConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission(
-                                    nri.mPid, nri.mUid)) {
-                        requestToBeReleased = req;
-                    }
-                }
             }
 
             // If this NRI has a satisfier already, it is replacing an older request that
@@ -4527,11 +4518,6 @@
             }
         }
 
-        if (requestToBeReleased != null) {
-            releaseNetworkRequestAndCallOnUnavailable(requestToBeReleased);
-            return;
-        }
-
         if (mFlags.noRematchAllRequestsOnRegister()) {
             rematchNetworksAndRequests(nris);
         } else {
@@ -4572,7 +4558,7 @@
     private boolean unneeded(NetworkAgentInfo nai, UnneededFor reason) {
         ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
 
-        if (!nai.everConnected || nai.isVPN() || nai.isInactive()
+        if (!nai.everConnected() || nai.isVPN() || nai.isInactive()
                 || nai.getScore().getKeepConnectedReason() != NetworkScore.KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE) {
             return false;
         }
@@ -4627,7 +4613,7 @@
             if (req.isListen() || req.isListenForBest()) {
                 continue;
             }
-            // If this Network is already the highest scoring Network for a request, or if
+            // If this Network is already the best Network for a request, or if
             // there is hope for it to become one if it validated, then it is needed.
             if (candidate.satisfies(req)) {
                 // As soon as a network is found that satisfies a request, return. Specifically for
@@ -4749,7 +4735,7 @@
                 }
             }
         }
-        nri.decrementRequestCount();
+        nri.mPerUidCounter.decrementCount(nri.mUid);
         mNetworkRequestInfoLogs.log("RELEASE " + nri);
         checkNrisConsistency(nri);
 
@@ -4852,7 +4838,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private PerUidCounter getRequestCounter(NetworkRequestInfo nri) {
+    private RequestInfoPerUidCounter getRequestCounter(NetworkRequestInfo nri) {
         return checkAnyPermissionOf(
                 nri.mPid, nri.mUid, NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK)
                 ? mSystemNetworkRequestCounter : mNetworkRequestCounter;
@@ -4904,7 +4890,7 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        if (nai.everValidated) {
+        if (nai.everValidated()) {
             // The network validated while the dialog box was up. Take no action.
             return;
         }
@@ -4949,7 +4935,7 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        if (nai.lastValidated) {
+        if (nai.isValidated()) {
             // The network validated while the dialog box was up. Take no action.
             return;
         }
@@ -4981,22 +4967,22 @@
 
     private void handleSetAvoidUnvalidated(Network network) {
         NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network);
-        if (nai == null || nai.lastValidated) {
+        if (nai == null || nai.isValidated()) {
             // Nothing to do. The network either disconnected or revalidated.
             return;
         }
-        if (!nai.avoidUnvalidated) {
-            nai.avoidUnvalidated = true;
+        if (0L == nai.getAvoidUnvalidated()) {
+            nai.setAvoidUnvalidated();
             nai.updateScoreForNetworkAgentUpdate();
             rematchAllNetworksAndRequests();
         }
     }
 
-    private void scheduleUnvalidatedPrompt(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
-        if (VDBG) log("scheduleUnvalidatedPrompt " + nai.network);
+    /** Schedule evaluation timeout */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public void scheduleEvaluationTimeout(@NonNull final Network network, final long delayMs) {
         mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(
-                mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_PROMPT_UNVALIDATED, nai.network),
-                PROMPT_UNVALIDATED_DELAY_MS);
+                mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_INITIAL_EVALUATION_TIMEOUT, network), delayMs);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -5081,6 +5067,10 @@
         return mMultinetworkPolicyTracker.getAvoidBadWifi();
     }
 
+    private boolean activelyPreferBadWifi() {
+        return mMultinetworkPolicyTracker.getActivelyPreferBadWifi();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Return whether the device should maintain continuous, working connectivity by switching away
      * from WiFi networks having no connectivity.
@@ -5096,14 +5086,21 @@
     private void updateAvoidBadWifi() {
         ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
         // Agent info scores and offer scores depend on whether cells yields to bad wifi.
+        final boolean avoidBadWifi = avoidBadWifi();
         for (final NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos) {
             nai.updateScoreForNetworkAgentUpdate();
+            if (avoidBadWifi) {
+                // If the device is now avoiding bad wifi, remove notifications that might have
+                // been put up when the device didn't.
+                mNotifier.clearNotification(nai.network.getNetId(), NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
+            }
         }
         // UpdateOfferScore will update mNetworkOffers inline, so make a copy first.
         final ArrayList<NetworkOfferInfo> offersToUpdate = new ArrayList<>(mNetworkOffers);
         for (final NetworkOfferInfo noi : offersToUpdate) {
             updateOfferScore(noi.offer);
         }
+        mNetworkRanker.setConfiguration(new NetworkRanker.Configuration(activelyPreferBadWifi()));
         rematchAllNetworksAndRequests();
     }
 
@@ -5118,25 +5115,36 @@
 
         pw.println("Bad Wi-Fi avoidance: " + avoidBadWifi());
         pw.increaseIndent();
-        pw.println("Config restrict:   " + configRestrict);
+        pw.println("Config restrict:               " + configRestrict);
+        pw.println("Actively prefer bad wifi:      " + activelyPreferBadWifi());
 
-        final String value = mMultinetworkPolicyTracker.getAvoidBadWifiSetting();
+        final String settingValue = mMultinetworkPolicyTracker.getAvoidBadWifiSetting();
         String description;
         // Can't use a switch statement because strings are legal case labels, but null is not.
-        if ("0".equals(value)) {
+        if ("0".equals(settingValue)) {
             description = "get stuck";
-        } else if (value == null) {
+        } else if (settingValue == null) {
             description = "prompt";
-        } else if ("1".equals(value)) {
+        } else if ("1".equals(settingValue)) {
             description = "avoid";
         } else {
-            description = value + " (?)";
+            description = settingValue + " (?)";
         }
-        pw.println("User setting:      " + description);
+        pw.println("Avoid bad wifi setting:        " + description);
+        final Boolean configValue = mMultinetworkPolicyTracker.deviceConfigActivelyPreferBadWifi();
+        if (null == configValue) {
+            description = "unset";
+        } else if (configValue) {
+            description = "force true";
+        } else {
+            description = "force false";
+        }
+        pw.println("Actively prefer bad wifi conf: " + description);
+        pw.println();
         pw.println("Network overrides:");
         pw.increaseIndent();
         for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : networksSortedById()) {
-            if (nai.avoidUnvalidated) {
+            if (0L != nai.getAvoidUnvalidated()) {
                 pw.println(nai.toShortString());
             }
         }
@@ -5207,7 +5215,7 @@
     private boolean shouldPromptUnvalidated(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
         // Don't prompt if the network is validated, and don't prompt on captive portals
         // because we're already prompting the user to sign in.
-        if (nai.everValidated || nai.everCaptivePortalDetected) {
+        if (nai.everValidated() || nai.everCaptivePortalDetected()) {
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -5215,8 +5223,8 @@
         // partial connectivity and selected don't ask again. This ensures that if the device
         // automatically connects to a network that has partial Internet access, the user will
         // always be able to use it, either because they've already chosen "don't ask again" or
-        // because we have prompt them.
-        if (nai.partialConnectivity && !nai.networkAgentConfig.acceptPartialConnectivity) {
+        // because we have prompted them.
+        if (nai.partialConnectivity() && !nai.networkAgentConfig.acceptPartialConnectivity) {
             return true;
         }
 
@@ -5231,24 +5239,39 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    private void handlePromptUnvalidated(Network network) {
-        if (VDBG || DDBG) log("handlePromptUnvalidated " + network);
-        NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network);
+    private void handleInitialEvaluationTimeout(@NonNull final Network network) {
+        if (VDBG || DDBG) log("handleInitialEvaluationTimeout " + network);
 
-        if (nai == null || !shouldPromptUnvalidated(nai)) {
-            return;
+        NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network);
+        if (null == nai) return;
+
+        if (nai.setEvaluated()) {
+            // If setEvaluated() returned true, the network never had any form of connectivity.
+            // This may have an impact on request matching if bad WiFi avoidance is off and the
+            // network was found not to have Internet access.
+            nai.updateScoreForNetworkAgentUpdate();
+            rematchAllNetworksAndRequests();
+
+            // Also, if this is WiFi and it should be preferred actively, now is the time to
+            // prompt the user that they walked past and connected to a bad WiFi.
+            if (nai.networkCapabilities.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+                    && !avoidBadWifi()
+                    && activelyPreferBadWifi()) {
+                // The notification will be removed if the network validates or disconnects.
+                showNetworkNotification(nai, NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
+                return;
+            }
         }
 
+        if (!shouldPromptUnvalidated(nai)) return;
+
         // Stop automatically reconnecting to this network in the future. Automatically connecting
         // to a network that provides no or limited connectivity is not useful, because the user
         // cannot use that network except through the notification shown by this method, and the
         // notification is only shown if the network is explicitly selected by the user.
         nai.onPreventAutomaticReconnect();
 
-        // TODO: Evaluate if it's needed to wait 8 seconds for triggering notification when
-        // NetworkMonitor detects the network is partial connectivity. Need to change the design to
-        // popup the notification immediately when the network is partial connectivity.
-        if (nai.partialConnectivity) {
+        if (nai.partialConnectivity()) {
             showNetworkNotification(nai, NotificationType.PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY);
         } else {
             showNetworkNotification(nai, NotificationType.NO_INTERNET);
@@ -5371,11 +5394,6 @@
                             /* callOnUnavailable */ false);
                     break;
                 }
-                case EVENT_RELEASE_NETWORK_REQUEST_AND_CALL_UNAVAILABLE: {
-                    handleReleaseNetworkRequest((NetworkRequest) msg.obj, msg.arg1,
-                            /* callOnUnavailable */ true);
-                    break;
-                }
                 case EVENT_SET_ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED: {
                     Network network = (Network) msg.obj;
                     handleSetAcceptUnvalidated(network, toBool(msg.arg1), toBool(msg.arg2));
@@ -5391,8 +5409,8 @@
                     handleSetAvoidUnvalidated((Network) msg.obj);
                     break;
                 }
-                case EVENT_PROMPT_UNVALIDATED: {
-                    handlePromptUnvalidated((Network) msg.obj);
+                case EVENT_INITIAL_EVALUATION_TIMEOUT: {
+                    handleInitialEvaluationTimeout((Network) msg.obj);
                     break;
                 }
                 case EVENT_CONFIGURE_ALWAYS_ON_NETWORKS: {
@@ -5464,6 +5482,7 @@
     @Override
     @Deprecated
     public int getLastTetherError(String iface) {
+        enforceAccessPermission();
         final TetheringManager tm = (TetheringManager) mContext.getSystemService(
                 Context.TETHERING_SERVICE);
         return tm.getLastTetherError(iface);
@@ -5472,6 +5491,7 @@
     @Override
     @Deprecated
     public String[] getTetherableIfaces() {
+        enforceAccessPermission();
         final TetheringManager tm = (TetheringManager) mContext.getSystemService(
                 Context.TETHERING_SERVICE);
         return tm.getTetherableIfaces();
@@ -5480,6 +5500,7 @@
     @Override
     @Deprecated
     public String[] getTetheredIfaces() {
+        enforceAccessPermission();
         final TetheringManager tm = (TetheringManager) mContext.getSystemService(
                 Context.TETHERING_SERVICE);
         return tm.getTetheredIfaces();
@@ -5489,6 +5510,7 @@
     @Override
     @Deprecated
     public String[] getTetheringErroredIfaces() {
+        enforceAccessPermission();
         final TetheringManager tm = (TetheringManager) mContext.getSystemService(
                 Context.TETHERING_SERVICE);
 
@@ -5498,6 +5520,7 @@
     @Override
     @Deprecated
     public String[] getTetherableUsbRegexs() {
+        enforceAccessPermission();
         final TetheringManager tm = (TetheringManager) mContext.getSystemService(
                 Context.TETHERING_SERVICE);
 
@@ -5507,6 +5530,7 @@
     @Override
     @Deprecated
     public String[] getTetherableWifiRegexs() {
+        enforceAccessPermission();
         final TetheringManager tm = (TetheringManager) mContext.getSystemService(
                 Context.TETHERING_SERVICE);
         return tm.getTetherableWifiRegexs();
@@ -5601,7 +5625,7 @@
             return;
         }
         // Revalidate if the app report does not match our current validated state.
-        if (hasConnectivity == nai.lastValidated) {
+        if (hasConnectivity == nai.isValidated()) {
             mConnectivityDiagnosticsHandler.sendMessage(
                     mConnectivityDiagnosticsHandler.obtainMessage(
                             ConnectivityDiagnosticsHandler.EVENT_NETWORK_CONNECTIVITY_REPORTED,
@@ -5615,7 +5639,7 @@
         }
         // Validating a network that has not yet connected could result in a call to
         // rematchNetworkAndRequests() which is not meant to work on such networks.
-        if (!nai.everConnected) {
+        if (!nai.everConnected()) {
             return;
         }
         final NetworkCapabilities nc = getNetworkCapabilitiesInternal(nai);
@@ -5712,7 +5736,7 @@
 
     @Override
     public void setGlobalProxy(@Nullable final ProxyInfo proxyProperties) {
-        PermissionUtils.enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
+        enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
         mProxyTracker.setGlobalProxy(proxyProperties);
     }
 
@@ -5945,6 +5969,10 @@
                     + Arrays.toString(ranges) + "): netd command failed: " + e);
         }
 
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            mPermissionMonitor.updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(requireVpn, ranges);
+        }
+
         for (final NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos) {
             final boolean curMetered = nai.networkCapabilities.isMetered();
             maybeNotifyNetworkBlocked(nai, curMetered, curMetered,
@@ -6217,7 +6245,7 @@
         final String mCallingAttributionTag;
 
         // Counter keeping track of this NRI.
-        final PerUidCounter mPerUidCounter;
+        final RequestInfoPerUidCounter mPerUidCounter;
 
         // Effective UID of this request. This is different from mUid when a privileged process
         // files a request on behalf of another UID. This UID is used to determine blocked status,
@@ -6325,7 +6353,7 @@
             if (null != satisfier) {
                 // If the old NRI was satisfied by an NAI, then it may have had an active request.
                 // The active request is necessary to figure out what callbacks to send, in
-                // particular then a network updates its capabilities.
+                // particular when a network updates its capabilities.
                 // As this code creates a new NRI with a new set of requests, figure out which of
                 // the list of requests should be the active request. It is always the first
                 // request of the list that can be satisfied by the satisfier since the order of
@@ -6383,10 +6411,6 @@
             return Collections.unmodifiableList(tempRequests);
         }
 
-        void decrementRequestCount() {
-            mPerUidCounter.decrementCount(mUid);
-        }
-
         void linkDeathRecipient() {
             if (null != mBinder) {
                 try {
@@ -6448,6 +6472,38 @@
         }
     }
 
+    // Keep backward compatibility since the ServiceSpecificException is used by
+    // the API surface, see {@link ConnectivityManager#convertServiceException}.
+    public static class RequestInfoPerUidCounter extends PerUidCounter {
+        RequestInfoPerUidCounter(int maxCountPerUid) {
+            super(maxCountPerUid);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public synchronized void incrementCountOrThrow(int uid) {
+            try {
+                super.incrementCountOrThrow(uid);
+            } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
+                throw new ServiceSpecificException(
+                        ConnectivityManager.Errors.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
+                        "Uid " + uid + " exceeded its allotted requests limit");
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public synchronized void decrementCountOrThrow(int uid) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Use decrementCount instead.");
+        }
+
+        public synchronized void decrementCount(int uid) {
+            try {
+                super.decrementCountOrThrow(uid);
+            } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
+                logwtf("Exception when decrement per uid request count: ", e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     // This checks that the passed capabilities either do not request a
     // specific SSID/SignalStrength, or the calling app has permission to do so.
     private void ensureSufficientPermissionsForRequest(NetworkCapabilities nc,
@@ -6594,7 +6650,7 @@
             case REQUEST:
                 networkCapabilities = new NetworkCapabilities(networkCapabilities);
                 enforceNetworkRequestPermissions(networkCapabilities, callingPackageName,
-                        callingAttributionTag);
+                        callingAttributionTag, callingUid);
                 // TODO: this is incorrect. We mark the request as metered or not depending on
                 //  the state of the app when the request is filed, but we never change the
                 //  request if the app changes network state. http://b/29964605
@@ -6684,26 +6740,19 @@
     }
 
     private void enforceNetworkRequestPermissions(NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities,
-            String callingPackageName, String callingAttributionTag) {
+            String callingPackageName, String callingAttributionTag, final int callingUid) {
         if (networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED) == false) {
-            if (!networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CBS)) {
-                enforceConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission();
+            // For T+ devices, callers with carrier privilege could request with CBS capabilities.
+            if (networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CBS)
+                    && hasCarrierPrivilegeForNetworkCaps(callingUid, networkCapabilities)) {
+                return;
             }
+            enforceConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission(true /* checkUidsAllowedList */);
         } else {
             enforceChangePermission(callingPackageName, callingAttributionTag);
         }
     }
 
-    private boolean checkConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission(int callerPid, int callerUid) {
-        if (checkAnyPermissionOf(callerPid, callerUid,
-                android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS)
-                || checkAnyPermissionOf(callerPid, callerUid,
-                android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL)) {
-            return true;
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
     @Override
     public boolean requestBandwidthUpdate(Network network) {
         enforceAccessPermission();
@@ -6762,7 +6811,7 @@
         final int callingUid = mDeps.getCallingUid();
         networkCapabilities = new NetworkCapabilities(networkCapabilities);
         enforceNetworkRequestPermissions(networkCapabilities, callingPackageName,
-                callingAttributionTag);
+                callingAttributionTag, callingUid);
         enforceMeteredApnPolicy(networkCapabilities);
         ensureRequestableCapabilities(networkCapabilities);
         ensureSufficientPermissionsForRequest(networkCapabilities,
@@ -6885,13 +6934,6 @@
                 EVENT_RELEASE_NETWORK_REQUEST, mDeps.getCallingUid(), 0, networkRequest));
     }
 
-    private void releaseNetworkRequestAndCallOnUnavailable(NetworkRequest networkRequest) {
-        ensureNetworkRequestHasType(networkRequest);
-        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(
-                EVENT_RELEASE_NETWORK_REQUEST_AND_CALL_UNAVAILABLE, mDeps.getCallingUid(), 0,
-                networkRequest));
-    }
-
     private void handleRegisterNetworkProvider(NetworkProviderInfo npi) {
         if (mNetworkProviderInfos.containsKey(npi.messenger)) {
             // Avoid creating duplicates. even if an app makes a direct AIDL call.
@@ -6949,6 +6991,7 @@
 
     @Override
     public void unofferNetwork(@NonNull final INetworkOfferCallback callback) {
+        Objects.requireNonNull(callback);
         mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_UNREGISTER_NETWORK_OFFER, callback));
     }
 
@@ -7254,8 +7297,7 @@
      *         later : see {@link #updateLinkProperties}.
      * @param networkCapabilities the initial capabilites of this network. They can be updated
      *         later : see {@link #updateCapabilities}.
-     * @param initialScore the initial score of the network. See
-     *         {@link NetworkAgentInfo#getCurrentScore}.
+     * @param initialScore the initial score of the network. See {@link NetworkAgentInfo#getScore}.
      * @param networkAgentConfig metadata about the network. This is never updated.
      * @param providerId the ID of the provider owning this NetworkAgent.
      * @return the network created for this agent.
@@ -7270,7 +7312,7 @@
         Objects.requireNonNull(initialScore, "initialScore must not be null");
         Objects.requireNonNull(networkAgentConfig, "networkAgentConfig must not be null");
         if (networkCapabilities.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_TEST)) {
-            enforceAnyPermissionOf(Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS);
+            enforceAnyPermissionOf(mContext, Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS);
         } else {
             enforceNetworkFactoryPermission();
         }
@@ -7290,18 +7332,23 @@
             NetworkScore currentScore, NetworkAgentConfig networkAgentConfig, int providerId,
             int uid) {
 
+        // Make a copy of the passed NI, LP, NC as the caller may hold a reference to them
+        // and mutate them at any time.
+        final NetworkInfo niCopy = new NetworkInfo(networkInfo);
+        final NetworkCapabilities ncCopy = new NetworkCapabilities(networkCapabilities);
+        final LinkProperties lpCopy = new LinkProperties(linkProperties);
+
         // At this point the capabilities/properties are untrusted and unverified, e.g. checks that
-        // the capabilities' access UID comply with security limitations. They will be sanitized
+        // the capabilities' access UIDs comply with security limitations. They will be sanitized
         // as the NAI registration finishes, in handleRegisterNetworkAgent(). This is
         // because some of the checks must happen on the handler thread.
         final NetworkAgentInfo nai = new NetworkAgentInfo(na,
-                new Network(mNetIdManager.reserveNetId()), new NetworkInfo(networkInfo),
-                linkProperties, networkCapabilities,
+                new Network(mNetIdManager.reserveNetId()), niCopy, lpCopy, ncCopy,
                 currentScore, mContext, mTrackerHandler, new NetworkAgentConfig(networkAgentConfig),
                 this, mNetd, mDnsResolver, providerId, uid, mLingerDelayMs,
                 mQosCallbackTracker, mDeps);
 
-        final String extraInfo = networkInfo.getExtraInfo();
+        final String extraInfo = niCopy.getExtraInfo();
         final String name = TextUtils.isEmpty(extraInfo)
                 ? nai.networkCapabilities.getSsid() : extraInfo;
         if (DBG) log("registerNetworkAgent " + nai);
@@ -7316,16 +7363,12 @@
 
     private void handleRegisterNetworkAgent(NetworkAgentInfo nai, INetworkMonitor networkMonitor) {
         if (VDBG) log("Network Monitor created for " +  nai);
-        // nai.nc and nai.lp are the same object that was passed by the network agent if the agent
-        // lives in the same process as this code (e.g. wifi), so make sure this code doesn't
-        // mutate their object
-        final NetworkCapabilities nc = new NetworkCapabilities(nai.networkCapabilities);
-        final LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties(nai.linkProperties);
-        // Make sure the LinkProperties and NetworkCapabilities reflect what the agent info says.
-        processCapabilitiesFromAgent(nai, nc);
-        nai.getAndSetNetworkCapabilities(mixInCapabilities(nai, nc));
-        processLinkPropertiesFromAgent(nai, lp);
-        nai.linkProperties = lp;
+        // Store a copy of the declared capabilities.
+        nai.setDeclaredCapabilities(nai.networkCapabilities);
+        // Make sure the LinkProperties and NetworkCapabilities reflect what the agent info said.
+        nai.getAndSetNetworkCapabilities(mixInCapabilities(nai,
+                nai.getDeclaredCapabilitiesSanitized(mCarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator)));
+        processLinkPropertiesFromAgent(nai, nai.linkProperties);
 
         nai.onNetworkMonitorCreated(networkMonitor);
 
@@ -7496,9 +7539,7 @@
             notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats();
             networkAgent.networkMonitor().notifyLinkPropertiesChanged(
                     new LinkProperties(newLp, true /* parcelSensitiveFields */));
-            if (networkAgent.everConnected) {
-                notifyNetworkCallbacks(networkAgent, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_IP_CHANGED);
-            }
+            notifyNetworkCallbacks(networkAgent, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_IP_CHANGED);
         }
 
         mKeepaliveTracker.handleCheckKeepalivesStillValid(networkAgent);
@@ -7722,10 +7763,10 @@
 
     private void updateVpnFiltering(LinkProperties newLp, LinkProperties oldLp,
             NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
-        final String oldIface = oldLp != null ? oldLp.getInterfaceName() : null;
-        final String newIface = newLp != null ? newLp.getInterfaceName() : null;
-        final boolean wasFiltering = requiresVpnIsolation(nai, nai.networkCapabilities, oldLp);
-        final boolean needsFiltering = requiresVpnIsolation(nai, nai.networkCapabilities, newLp);
+        final String oldIface = getVpnIsolationInterface(nai, nai.networkCapabilities, oldLp);
+        final String newIface = getVpnIsolationInterface(nai, nai.networkCapabilities, newLp);
+        final boolean wasFiltering = requiresVpnAllowRule(nai, oldLp, oldIface);
+        final boolean needsFiltering = requiresVpnAllowRule(nai, newLp, newIface);
 
         if (!wasFiltering && !needsFiltering) {
             // Nothing to do.
@@ -7738,6 +7779,10 @@
         }
 
         final Set<UidRange> ranges = nai.networkCapabilities.getUidRanges();
+        if (ranges == null || ranges.isEmpty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
         final int vpnAppUid = nai.networkCapabilities.getOwnerUid();
         // TODO: this create a window of opportunity for apps to receive traffic between the time
         // when the old rules are removed and the time when new rules are added. To fix this,
@@ -7773,7 +7818,7 @@
             @NonNull final NetworkCapabilities newNc) {
         final int oldPermission = getNetworkPermission(nai.networkCapabilities);
         final int newPermission = getNetworkPermission(newNc);
-        if (oldPermission != newPermission && nai.created && !nai.isVPN()) {
+        if (oldPermission != newPermission && nai.isCreated() && !nai.isVPN()) {
             try {
                 mNetd.networkSetPermissionForNetwork(nai.network.getNetId(), newPermission);
             } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
@@ -7782,30 +7827,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Called when receiving NetworkCapabilities directly from a NetworkAgent.
-     * Stores into |nai| any data coming from the agent that might also be written to the network's
-     * NetworkCapabilities by ConnectivityService itself. This ensures that the data provided by the
-     * agent is not lost when updateCapabilities is called.
-     */
-    private void processCapabilitiesFromAgent(NetworkAgentInfo nai, NetworkCapabilities nc) {
-        if (nc.hasConnectivityManagedCapability()) {
-            Log.wtf(TAG, "BUG: " + nai + " has CS-managed capability.");
-        }
-        // Note: resetting the owner UID before storing the agent capabilities in NAI means that if
-        // the agent attempts to change the owner UID, then nai.declaredCapabilities will not
-        // actually be the same as the capabilities sent by the agent. Still, it is safer to reset
-        // the owner UID here and behave as if the agent had never tried to change it.
-        if (nai.networkCapabilities.getOwnerUid() != nc.getOwnerUid()) {
-            Log.e(TAG, nai.toShortString() + ": ignoring attempt to change owner from "
-                    + nai.networkCapabilities.getOwnerUid() + " to " + nc.getOwnerUid());
-            nc.setOwnerUid(nai.networkCapabilities.getOwnerUid());
-        }
-        nai.declaredCapabilities = new NetworkCapabilities(nc);
-        NetworkAgentInfo.restrictCapabilitiesFromNetworkAgent(nc, nai.creatorUid,
-                mCarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator);
-    }
-
     /** Modifies |newNc| based on the capabilities of |underlyingNetworks| and |agentCaps|. */
     @VisibleForTesting
     void applyUnderlyingCapabilities(@Nullable Network[] underlyingNetworks,
@@ -7887,9 +7908,9 @@
          // causing a connect/teardown loop.
          // TODO: remove this altogether and make it the responsibility of the NetworkProviders to
          // avoid connect/teardown loops.
-        if (nai.everConnected &&
-                !nai.isVPN() &&
-                !nai.networkCapabilities.satisfiedByImmutableNetworkCapabilities(nc)) {
+        if (nai.everConnected()
+                && !nai.isVPN()
+                && !nai.networkCapabilities.satisfiedByImmutableNetworkCapabilities(nc)) {
             // TODO: consider not complaining when a network agent degrades its capabilities if this
             // does not cause any request (that is not a listen) currently matching that agent to
             // stop being matched by the updated agent.
@@ -7901,12 +7922,12 @@
 
         // Don't modify caller's NetworkCapabilities.
         final NetworkCapabilities newNc = new NetworkCapabilities(nc);
-        if (nai.lastValidated) {
+        if (nai.isValidated()) {
             newNc.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED);
         } else {
             newNc.removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED);
         }
-        if (nai.lastCaptivePortalDetected) {
+        if (nai.captivePortalDetected()) {
             newNc.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL);
         } else {
             newNc.removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL);
@@ -7916,7 +7937,7 @@
         } else {
             newNc.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND);
         }
-        if (nai.partialConnectivity) {
+        if (nai.partialConnectivity()) {
             newNc.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY);
         } else {
             newNc.removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY);
@@ -7930,7 +7951,8 @@
         }
 
         if (nai.propagateUnderlyingCapabilities()) {
-            applyUnderlyingCapabilities(nai.declaredUnderlyingNetworks, nai.declaredCapabilities,
+            applyUnderlyingCapabilities(nai.declaredUnderlyingNetworks,
+                    nai.getDeclaredCapabilitiesSanitized(mCarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator),
                     newNc);
         }
 
@@ -7972,7 +7994,7 @@
      * @param nai the network having its capabilities updated.
      * @param nc the new network capabilities.
      */
-    private void updateCapabilities(final int oldScore, @NonNull final NetworkAgentInfo nai,
+    private void updateCapabilities(final FullScore oldScore, @NonNull final NetworkAgentInfo nai,
             @NonNull final NetworkCapabilities nc) {
         NetworkCapabilities newNc = mixInCapabilities(nai, nc);
         if (Objects.equals(nai.networkCapabilities, newNc)) return;
@@ -7983,7 +8005,7 @@
         updateAllowedUids(nai, prevNc, newNc);
         nai.updateScoreForNetworkAgentUpdate();
 
-        if (nai.getCurrentScore() == oldScore && newNc.equalRequestableCapabilities(prevNc)) {
+        if (nai.getScore().equals(oldScore) && newNc.equalRequestableCapabilities(prevNc)) {
             // If the requestable capabilities haven't changed, and the score hasn't changed, then
             // the change we're processing can't affect any requests, it can only affect the listens
             // on this network. We might have been called by rematchNetworkAndRequests when a
@@ -8027,19 +8049,18 @@
 
     /** Convenience method to update the capabilities for a given network. */
     private void updateCapabilitiesForNetwork(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
-        updateCapabilities(nai.getCurrentScore(), nai, nai.networkCapabilities);
+        updateCapabilities(nai.getScore(), nai, nai.networkCapabilities);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns whether VPN isolation (ingress interface filtering) should be applied on the given
-     * network.
+     * Returns the interface which requires VPN isolation (ingress interface filtering).
      *
      * Ingress interface filtering enforces that all apps under the given network can only receive
      * packets from the network's interface (and loopback). This is important for VPNs because
      * apps that cannot bypass a fully-routed VPN shouldn't be able to receive packets from any
      * non-VPN interfaces.
      *
-     * As a result, this method should return true iff
+     * As a result, this method should return Non-null interface iff
      *  1. the network is an app VPN (not legacy VPN)
      *  2. the VPN does not allow bypass
      *  3. the VPN is fully-routed
@@ -8048,15 +8069,34 @@
      * @see INetd#firewallAddUidInterfaceRules
      * @see INetd#firewallRemoveUidInterfaceRules
      */
-    private boolean requiresVpnIsolation(@NonNull NetworkAgentInfo nai, NetworkCapabilities nc,
+    @Nullable
+    private String getVpnIsolationInterface(@NonNull NetworkAgentInfo nai, NetworkCapabilities nc,
             LinkProperties lp) {
-        if (nc == null || lp == null) return false;
-        return nai.isVPN()
+        if (nc == null || lp == null) return null;
+        if (nai.isVPN()
                 && !nai.networkAgentConfig.allowBypass
                 && nc.getOwnerUid() != Process.SYSTEM_UID
                 && lp.getInterfaceName() != null
                 && (lp.hasIpv4DefaultRoute() || lp.hasIpv4UnreachableDefaultRoute())
-                && (lp.hasIpv6DefaultRoute() || lp.hasIpv6UnreachableDefaultRoute());
+                && (lp.hasIpv6DefaultRoute() || lp.hasIpv6UnreachableDefaultRoute())
+                && !lp.hasExcludeRoute()) {
+            return lp.getInterfaceName();
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether we need to set interface filtering rule or not
+     */
+    private boolean requiresVpnAllowRule(NetworkAgentInfo nai, LinkProperties lp,
+            String isolationIface) {
+        // Allow rules are always needed if VPN isolation is enabled.
+        if (isolationIface != null) return true;
+
+        // On T and above, allow rules are needed for all VPNs. Allow rule with null iface is a
+        // wildcard to allow apps to receive packets on all interfaces. This is required to accept
+        // incoming traffic in Lockdown mode by overriding the Lockdown blocking rule.
+        return SdkLevel.isAtLeastT() && nai.isVPN() && lp != null && lp.getInterfaceName() != null;
     }
 
     private static UidRangeParcel[] toUidRangeStableParcels(final @NonNull Set<UidRange> ranges) {
@@ -8144,7 +8184,7 @@
         //  that happens to prevent false alarms.
         final Set<UidRange> prevUids = prevNc == null ? null : prevNc.getUidRanges();
         final Set<UidRange> newUids = newNc == null ? null : newNc.getUidRanges();
-        if (nai.isVPN() && nai.everConnected && !UidRange.hasSameUids(prevUids, newUids)
+        if (nai.isVPN() && nai.everConnected() && !UidRange.hasSameUids(prevUids, newUids)
                 && (nai.linkProperties.getHttpProxy() != null || isProxySetOnAnyDefaultNetwork())) {
             mProxyTracker.sendProxyBroadcast();
         }
@@ -8184,9 +8224,10 @@
             if (!prevRanges.isEmpty()) {
                 updateVpnUidRanges(false, nai, prevRanges);
             }
-            final boolean wasFiltering = requiresVpnIsolation(nai, prevNc, nai.linkProperties);
-            final boolean shouldFilter = requiresVpnIsolation(nai, newNc, nai.linkProperties);
-            final String iface = nai.linkProperties.getInterfaceName();
+            final String oldIface = getVpnIsolationInterface(nai, prevNc, nai.linkProperties);
+            final String newIface = getVpnIsolationInterface(nai, newNc, nai.linkProperties);
+            final boolean wasFiltering = requiresVpnAllowRule(nai, nai.linkProperties, oldIface);
+            final boolean shouldFilter = requiresVpnAllowRule(nai, nai.linkProperties, newIface);
             // For VPN uid interface filtering, old ranges need to be removed before new ranges can
             // be added, due to the range being expanded and stored as individual UIDs. For example
             // the UIDs might be updated from [0, 99999] to ([0, 10012], [10014, 99999]) which means
@@ -8199,10 +8240,11 @@
             // TODO Fix this window by computing an accurate diff on Set<UidRange>, so the old range
             // to be removed will never overlap with the new range to be added.
             if (wasFiltering && !prevRanges.isEmpty()) {
-                mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesRemoved(iface, prevRanges, prevNc.getOwnerUid());
+                mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesRemoved(oldIface, prevRanges,
+                        prevNc.getOwnerUid());
             }
             if (shouldFilter && !newRanges.isEmpty()) {
-                mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesAdded(iface, newRanges, newNc.getOwnerUid());
+                mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesAdded(newIface, newRanges, newNc.getOwnerUid());
             }
         } catch (Exception e) {
             // Never crash!
@@ -8262,8 +8304,8 @@
         }
         if (VDBG || DDBG) {
             log("Update of LinkProperties for " + nai.toShortString()
-                    + "; created=" + nai.created
-                    + "; everConnected=" + nai.everConnected);
+                    + "; created=" + nai.getCreatedTime()
+                    + "; firstConnected=" + nai.getConnectedTime());
         }
         // TODO: eliminate this defensive copy after confirming that updateLinkProperties does not
         // modify its oldLp parameter.
@@ -8298,7 +8340,15 @@
         mPendingIntentWakeLock.acquire();
         try {
             if (DBG) log("Sending " + pendingIntent);
-            pendingIntent.send(mContext, 0, intent, this /* onFinished */, null /* Handler */);
+            final BroadcastOptions options = BroadcastOptions.makeBasic();
+            if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+                // Explicitly disallow the receiver from starting activities, to prevent apps from
+                // utilizing the PendingIntent as a backdoor to do this.
+                options.setPendingIntentBackgroundActivityLaunchAllowed(false);
+            }
+            pendingIntent.send(mContext, 0, intent, this /* onFinished */, null /* Handler */,
+                    null /* requiredPermission */,
+                    SdkLevel.isAtLeastT() ? options.toBundle() : null);
         } catch (PendingIntent.CanceledException e) {
             if (DBG) log(pendingIntent + " was not sent, it had been canceled.");
             mPendingIntentWakeLock.release();
@@ -8317,8 +8367,11 @@
         releasePendingNetworkRequestWithDelay(pendingIntent);
     }
 
+    // networkAgent is only allowed to be null if notificationType is
+    // CALLBACK_UNAVAIL. This is because UNAVAIL is about no network being
+    // available, while all other cases are about some particular network.
     private void callCallbackForRequest(@NonNull final NetworkRequestInfo nri,
-            @NonNull final NetworkAgentInfo networkAgent, final int notificationType,
+            @Nullable final NetworkAgentInfo networkAgent, final int notificationType,
             final int arg1) {
         if (nri.mMessenger == null) {
             // Default request has no msgr. Also prevents callbacks from being invoked for
@@ -8340,14 +8393,13 @@
         switch (notificationType) {
             case ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_AVAILABLE: {
                 final NetworkCapabilities nc =
-                        networkCapabilitiesRestrictedForCallerPermissions(
-                                networkAgent.networkCapabilities, nri.mPid, nri.mUid);
-                putParcelable(
-                        bundle,
                         createWithLocationInfoSanitizedIfNecessaryWhenParceled(
-                                nc, includeLocationSensitiveInfo, nri.mPid, nri.mUid,
+                                networkCapabilitiesRestrictedForCallerPermissions(
+                                        networkAgent.networkCapabilities, nri.mPid, nri.mUid),
+                                includeLocationSensitiveInfo, nri.mPid, nri.mUid,
                                 nrForCallback.getRequestorPackageName(),
-                                nri.mCallingAttributionTag));
+                                nri.mCallingAttributionTag);
+                putParcelable(bundle, nc);
                 putParcelable(bundle, linkPropertiesRestrictedForCallerPermissions(
                         networkAgent.linkProperties, nri.mPid, nri.mUid));
                 // For this notification, arg1 contains the blocked status.
@@ -8685,7 +8737,7 @@
                 }
                 previousSatisfier.removeRequest(previousRequest.requestId);
                 if (canSupportGracefulNetworkSwitch(previousSatisfier, newSatisfier)
-                        && !previousSatisfier.destroyed) {
+                        && !previousSatisfier.isDestroyed()) {
                     // If this network switch can't be supported gracefully, the request is not
                     // lingered. This allows letting go of the network sooner to reclaim some
                     // performance on the new network, since the radio can't do both at the same
@@ -8747,9 +8799,6 @@
         // Gather the list of all relevant agents.
         final ArrayList<NetworkAgentInfo> nais = new ArrayList<>();
         for (final NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos) {
-            if (!nai.everConnected) {
-                continue;
-            }
             nais.add(nai);
         }
 
@@ -8801,15 +8850,22 @@
             @NonNull final Set<NetworkRequestInfo> networkRequests) {
         ensureRunningOnConnectivityServiceThread();
         // TODO: This may be slow, and should be optimized.
-        final long now = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        final long start = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
         final NetworkReassignment changes = computeNetworkReassignment(networkRequests);
+        final long computed = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        applyNetworkReassignment(changes, start);
+        final long applied = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        issueNetworkNeeds();
+        final long end = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
         if (VDBG || DDBG) {
+            log(String.format("Rematched networks [computed %dms] [applied %dms] [issued %d]",
+                    computed - start, applied - computed, end - applied));
             log(changes.debugString());
         } else if (DBG) {
-            log(changes.toString()); // Shorter form, only one line of log
+            // Shorter form, only one line of log
+            log(String.format("%s [c %d] [a %d] [i %d]", changes.toString(),
+                    computed - start, applied - computed, end - applied));
         }
-        applyNetworkReassignment(changes, now);
-        issueNetworkNeeds();
     }
 
     private void applyNetworkReassignment(@NonNull final NetworkReassignment changes,
@@ -8866,7 +8922,6 @@
         }
 
         for (final NetworkAgentInfo nai : nais) {
-            if (!nai.everConnected) continue;
             final boolean oldBackground = oldBgNetworks.contains(nai);
             // Process listen requests and update capabilities if the background state has
             // changed for this network. For consistency with previous behavior, send onLost
@@ -8950,7 +9005,7 @@
                 // The new default network can be newly null if and only if the old default
                 // network doesn't satisfy the default request any more because it lost a
                 // capability.
-                mDefaultInetConditionPublished = newDefaultNetwork.lastValidated ? 100 : 0;
+                mDefaultInetConditionPublished = newDefaultNetwork.isValidated() ? 100 : 0;
                 mLegacyTypeTracker.add(
                         newDefaultNetwork.networkInfo.getType(), newDefaultNetwork);
             }
@@ -8971,7 +9026,7 @@
         // they may get old info. Reverse this after the old startUsing api is removed.
         // This is on top of the multiple intent sequencing referenced in the todo above.
         for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : nais) {
-            if (nai.everConnected) {
+            if (nai.everConnected()) {
                 addNetworkToLegacyTypeTracker(nai);
             }
         }
@@ -9097,12 +9152,12 @@
 
     private void updateInetCondition(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
         // Don't bother updating until we've graduated to validated at least once.
-        if (!nai.everValidated) return;
+        if (!nai.everValidated()) return;
         // For now only update icons for the default connection.
         // TODO: Update WiFi and cellular icons separately. b/17237507
         if (!isDefaultNetwork(nai)) return;
 
-        int newInetCondition = nai.lastValidated ? 100 : 0;
+        int newInetCondition = nai.isValidated() ? 100 : 0;
         // Don't repeat publish.
         if (newInetCondition == mDefaultInetConditionPublished) return;
 
@@ -9129,7 +9184,7 @@
             // SUSPENDED state is currently only overridden from CONNECTED state. In the case the
             // network agent is created, then goes to suspended, then goes out of suspended without
             // ever setting connected. Check if network agent is ever connected to update the state.
-            newInfo.setDetailedState(nai.everConnected
+            newInfo.setDetailedState(nai.everConnected()
                     ? NetworkInfo.DetailedState.CONNECTED
                     : NetworkInfo.DetailedState.CONNECTING,
                     info.getReason(),
@@ -9154,7 +9209,7 @@
                     + oldInfo.getState() + " to " + state);
         }
 
-        if (!networkAgent.created
+        if (!networkAgent.isCreated()
                 && (state == NetworkInfo.State.CONNECTED
                 || (state == NetworkInfo.State.CONNECTING && networkAgent.isVPN()))) {
 
@@ -9168,13 +9223,13 @@
                 // anything happens to the network.
                 updateCapabilitiesForNetwork(networkAgent);
             }
-            networkAgent.created = true;
+            networkAgent.setCreated();
             networkAgent.onNetworkCreated();
             updateAllowedUids(networkAgent, null, networkAgent.networkCapabilities);
         }
 
-        if (!networkAgent.everConnected && state == NetworkInfo.State.CONNECTED) {
-            networkAgent.everConnected = true;
+        if (!networkAgent.everConnected() && state == NetworkInfo.State.CONNECTED) {
+            networkAgent.setConnected();
 
             // NetworkCapabilities need to be set before sending the private DNS config to
             // NetworkMonitor, otherwise NetworkMonitor cannot determine if validation is required.
@@ -9207,8 +9262,22 @@
             params.networkCapabilities = networkAgent.networkCapabilities;
             params.linkProperties = new LinkProperties(networkAgent.linkProperties,
                     true /* parcelSensitiveFields */);
-            networkAgent.networkMonitor().notifyNetworkConnected(params);
-            scheduleUnvalidatedPrompt(networkAgent);
+            // isAtLeastT() is conservative here, as recent versions of NetworkStack support the
+            // newer callback even before T. However getInterfaceVersion is a synchronized binder
+            // call that would cause a Log.wtf to be emitted from the system_server process, and
+            // in the absence of a satisfactory, scalable solution which follows an easy/standard
+            // process to check the interface version, just use an SDK check. NetworkStack will
+            // always be new enough when running on T+.
+            if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+                networkAgent.networkMonitor().notifyNetworkConnected(params);
+            } else {
+                networkAgent.networkMonitor().notifyNetworkConnected(params.linkProperties,
+                        params.networkCapabilities);
+            }
+            final long delay = activelyPreferBadWifi()
+                    ? ACTIVELY_PREFER_BAD_WIFI_INITIAL_TIMEOUT_MS
+                    : DONT_ACTIVELY_PREFER_BAD_WIFI_INITIAL_TIMEOUT_MS;
+            scheduleEvaluationTimeout(networkAgent.network, delay);
 
             // Whether a particular NetworkRequest listen should cause signal strength thresholds to
             // be communicated to a particular NetworkAgent depends only on the network's immutable,
@@ -9247,8 +9316,8 @@
                 // TODO(b/122649188): send the broadcast only to VPN users.
                 mProxyTracker.sendProxyBroadcast();
             }
-        } else if (networkAgent.created && (oldInfo.getState() == NetworkInfo.State.SUSPENDED ||
-                state == NetworkInfo.State.SUSPENDED)) {
+        } else if (networkAgent.isCreated() && (oldInfo.getState() == NetworkInfo.State.SUSPENDED
+                || state == NetworkInfo.State.SUSPENDED)) {
             mLegacyTypeTracker.update(networkAgent);
         }
     }
@@ -9448,7 +9517,7 @@
             }
         }
         for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos) {
-            if (nai.everConnected && (activeNetIds.contains(nai.network().netId) || nai.isVPN())) {
+            if (activeNetIds.contains(nai.network().netId) || nai.isVPN()) {
                 defaultNetworks.add(nai.network);
             }
         }
@@ -9470,9 +9539,7 @@
         final UnderlyingNetworkInfo[] underlyingNetworkInfos = getAllVpnInfo();
         try {
             final ArrayList<NetworkStateSnapshot> snapshots = new ArrayList<>();
-            for (final NetworkStateSnapshot snapshot : getAllNetworkStateSnapshots()) {
-                snapshots.add(snapshot);
-            }
+            snapshots.addAll(getAllNetworkStateSnapshots());
             mStatsManager.notifyNetworkStatus(getDefaultNetworks(),
                     snapshots, activeIface, Arrays.asList(underlyingNetworkInfos));
         } catch (Exception ignored) {
@@ -9624,6 +9691,8 @@
             try {
                 switch (cmd) {
                     case "airplane-mode":
+                        // Usage : adb shell cmd connectivity airplane-mode [enable|disable]
+                        // If no argument, get and display the current status
                         final String action = getNextArg();
                         if ("enable".equals(action)) {
                             setAirplaneMode(true);
@@ -9641,6 +9710,27 @@
                             onHelp();
                             return -1;
                         }
+                    case "reevaluate":
+                        // Usage : adb shell cmd connectivity reevaluate <netId>
+                        // If netId is omitted, then reevaluate the default network
+                        final String netId = getNextArg();
+                        final NetworkAgentInfo nai;
+                        if (null == netId) {
+                            // Note that the command is running on the wrong thread to call this,
+                            // so this could in principle return stale data. But it can't crash.
+                            nai = getDefaultNetwork();
+                        } else {
+                            // If netId can't be parsed, this throws NumberFormatException, which
+                            // is passed back to adb who prints it.
+                            nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetId(Integer.parseInt(netId));
+                        }
+                        if (null == nai) {
+                            pw.println("Unknown network (net ID not found or no default network)");
+                            return 0;
+                        }
+                        Log.d(TAG, "Reevaluating network " + nai.network);
+                        reportNetworkConnectivity(nai.network, !nai.isValidated());
+                        return 0;
                     default:
                         return handleDefaultCommands(cmd);
                 }
@@ -9678,7 +9768,7 @@
             return;
         }
         if (!TextUtils.equals(((WifiInfo)prevInfo).getBSSID(), ((WifiInfo)newInfo).getBSSID())) {
-            nai.lastRoamTimestamp = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+            nai.lastRoamTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
         }
     }
 
@@ -9859,14 +9949,12 @@
     private static class NetworkTestedResults {
         private final int mNetId;
         private final int mTestResult;
-        private final long mTimestampMillis;
         @Nullable private final String mRedirectUrl;
 
         private NetworkTestedResults(
                 int netId, int testResult, long timestampMillis, @Nullable String redirectUrl) {
             mNetId = netId;
             mTestResult = testResult;
-            mTimestampMillis = timestampMillis;
             mRedirectUrl = redirectUrl;
         }
     }
@@ -9933,7 +10021,7 @@
             // Decrement the reference count for this NetworkRequestInfo. The reference count is
             // incremented when the NetworkRequestInfo is created as part of
             // enforceRequestCountLimit().
-            nri.decrementRequestCount();
+            nri.mPerUidCounter.decrementCount(nri.mUid);
             return;
         }
 
@@ -9999,7 +10087,7 @@
         // Decrement the reference count for this NetworkRequestInfo. The reference count is
         // incremented when the NetworkRequestInfo is created as part of
         // enforceRequestCountLimit().
-        nri.decrementRequestCount();
+        nri.mPerUidCounter.decrementCount(nri.mUid);
 
         iCb.unlinkToDeath(cbInfo, 0);
     }
@@ -10247,7 +10335,8 @@
         Objects.requireNonNull(network, "network must not be null");
         Objects.requireNonNull(extras, "extras must not be null");
 
-        enforceAnyPermissionOf(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS,
+        enforceAnyPermissionOf(mContext,
+                android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS,
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK);
         final NetworkCapabilities nc = getNetworkCapabilitiesInternal(network);
         if (!nc.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_TEST)) {
@@ -10289,14 +10378,14 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void onInterfaceLinkStateChanged(String iface, boolean up) {
+        public void onInterfaceLinkStateChanged(@NonNull String iface, boolean up) {
             for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos) {
                 nai.clatd.interfaceLinkStateChanged(iface, up);
             }
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void onInterfaceRemoved(String iface) {
+        public void onInterfaceRemoved(@NonNull String iface) {
             for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos) {
                 nai.clatd.interfaceRemoved(iface);
             }
@@ -10319,10 +10408,10 @@
         @GuardedBy("mActiveIdleTimers")
         private boolean mNetworkActive;
         @GuardedBy("mActiveIdleTimers")
-        private final ArrayMap<String, IdleTimerParams> mActiveIdleTimers = new ArrayMap();
+        private final ArrayMap<String, IdleTimerParams> mActiveIdleTimers = new ArrayMap<>();
         private final Handler mHandler;
 
-        private class IdleTimerParams {
+        private static class IdleTimerParams {
             public final int timeout;
             public final int transportType;
 
@@ -10368,7 +10457,7 @@
                     try {
                         mNetworkActivityListeners.getBroadcastItem(i).onNetworkActive();
                     } catch (RemoteException | RuntimeException e) {
-                        loge("Fail to send network activie to listener " + e);
+                        loge("Fail to send network activity to listener " + e);
                     }
                 }
             } finally {
@@ -10589,11 +10678,15 @@
     @VisibleForTesting
     public void registerQosCallbackInternal(@NonNull final QosFilter filter,
             @NonNull final IQosCallback callback, @NonNull final NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
-        if (filter == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("filter must be non-null");
-        if (callback == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("callback must be non-null");
+        Objects.requireNonNull(filter, "filter must be non-null");
+        Objects.requireNonNull(callback, "callback must be non-null");
 
         if (!nai.networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED)) {
-            enforceConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission();
+            // TODO: Check allowed list here and ensure that either a) any QoS callback registered
+            //  on this network is unregistered when the app loses permission or b) no QoS
+            //  callbacks are sent for restricted networks unless the app currently has permission
+            //  to access restricted networks.
+            enforceConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission(false /* checkUidsAllowedList */);
         }
         mQosCallbackTracker.registerCallback(callback, filter, nai);
     }
@@ -10609,13 +10702,29 @@
         mQosCallbackTracker.unregisterCallback(callback);
     }
 
+    private boolean isNetworkPreferenceAllowedForProfile(@NonNull UserHandle profile) {
+        // UserManager.isManagedProfile returns true for all apps in managed user profiles.
+        // Enterprise device can be fully managed like device owner and such use case
+        // also should be supported. Calling app check for work profile and fully managed device
+        // is already done in DevicePolicyManager.
+        // This check is an extra caution to be sure device is fully managed or not.
+        final UserManager um = mContext.getSystemService(UserManager.class);
+        final DevicePolicyManager dpm = mContext.getSystemService(DevicePolicyManager.class);
+        if (um.isManagedProfile(profile.getIdentifier())) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT() && dpm.getDeviceOwner() != null) return true;
+        return false;
+    }
+
     /**
-     * Request that a user profile is put by default on a network matching a given preference.
+     * Set a list of default network selection policies for a user profile or device owner.
      *
      * See the documentation for the individual preferences for a description of the supported
      * behaviors.
      *
-     * @param profile the user profile for whih the preference is being set.
+     * @param profile If the device owner is set, any profile is allowed.
+              Otherwise, the given profile can only be managed profile.
      * @param preferences the list of profile network preferences for the
      *        provided profile.
      * @param listener an optional listener to listen for completion of the operation.
@@ -10629,10 +10738,13 @@
         Objects.requireNonNull(profile);
 
         if (preferences.size() == 0) {
-            preferences.add((new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder()).build());
+            final ProfileNetworkPreference pref = new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder()
+                    .setPreference(ConnectivityManager.PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_DEFAULT)
+                    .build();
+            preferences.add(pref);
         }
 
-        PermissionUtils.enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
+        enforceNetworkStackPermission(mContext);
         if (DBG) {
             log("setProfileNetworkPreferences " + profile + " to " + preferences);
         }
@@ -10640,19 +10752,20 @@
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Must explicitly specify a user handle ("
                     + "UserHandle.CURRENT not supported)");
         }
-        final UserManager um = mContext.getSystemService(UserManager.class);
-        if (!um.isManagedProfile(profile.getIdentifier())) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Profile must be a managed profile");
+        if (!isNetworkPreferenceAllowedForProfile(profile)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Profile must be a managed profile "
+                    + "or the device owner must be set. ");
         }
 
-        final List<ProfileNetworkPreferenceList.Preference> preferenceList =
-                new ArrayList<ProfileNetworkPreferenceList.Preference>();
-        boolean allowFallback = true;
+        final List<ProfileNetworkPreferenceList.Preference> preferenceList = new ArrayList<>();
+        boolean hasDefaultPreference = false;
         for (final ProfileNetworkPreference preference : preferences) {
             final NetworkCapabilities nc;
+            boolean allowFallback = true;
             switch (preference.getPreference()) {
                 case ConnectivityManager.PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_DEFAULT:
                     nc = null;
+                    hasDefaultPreference = true;
                     if (preference.getPreferenceEnterpriseId() != 0) {
                         throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                                 "Invalid enterprise identifier in setProfileNetworkPreferences");
@@ -10662,6 +10775,14 @@
                     allowFallback = false;
                     // continue to process the enterprise preference.
                 case ConnectivityManager.PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE:
+                    // This code is needed even though there is a check later on,
+                    // because isRangeAlreadyInPreferenceList assumes that every preference
+                    // has a UID list.
+                    if (hasDefaultPreference) {
+                        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                                "Default profile preference should not be set along with other "
+                                        + "preference");
+                    }
                     if (!isEnterpriseIdentifierValid(preference.getPreferenceEnterpriseId())) {
                         throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                                 "Invalid enterprise identifier in setProfileNetworkPreferences");
@@ -10685,6 +10806,10 @@
             }
             preferenceList.add(new ProfileNetworkPreferenceList.Preference(
                     profile, nc, allowFallback));
+            if (hasDefaultPreference && preferenceList.size() > 1) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                        "Default profile preference should not be set along with other preference");
+            }
         }
         mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_SET_PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE,
                 new Pair<>(preferenceList, listener)));
@@ -10713,7 +10838,7 @@
                 uidRangeSet = UidRangeUtils.removeRangeSetFromUidRange(profileUids,
                         disallowUidRangeSet);
             } else {
-                uidRangeSet = new ArraySet<UidRange>();
+                uidRangeSet = new ArraySet<>();
                 uidRangeSet.add(profileUids);
             }
         }
@@ -10722,19 +10847,12 @@
 
     private boolean isEnterpriseIdentifierValid(
             @NetworkCapabilities.EnterpriseId int identifier) {
-        if ((identifier >= NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1)
-                && (identifier <= NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_5)) {
+        if ((identifier >= NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1) && (identifier <= NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_5)) {
             return true;
         }
         return false;
     }
 
-    private void validateNetworkCapabilitiesOfProfileNetworkPreference(
-            @Nullable final NetworkCapabilities nc) {
-        if (null == nc) return; // Null caps are always allowed. It means to remove the setting.
-        ensureRequestableCapabilities(nc);
-    }
-
     private ArraySet<NetworkRequestInfo> createNrisFromProfileNetworkPreferences(
             @NonNull final ProfileNetworkPreferenceList prefs) {
         final ArraySet<NetworkRequestInfo> result = new ArraySet<>();
@@ -10785,13 +10903,23 @@
     private void handleSetProfileNetworkPreference(
             @NonNull final List<ProfileNetworkPreferenceList.Preference> preferenceList,
             @Nullable final IOnCompleteListener listener) {
+        /*
+         * handleSetProfileNetworkPreference is always called for single user.
+         * preferenceList only contains preferences for different uids within the same user
+         * (enforced by getUidListToBeAppliedForNetworkPreference).
+         * Clear all the existing preferences for the user before applying new preferences.
+         *
+         */
+        mProfileNetworkPreferences = mProfileNetworkPreferences.withoutUser(
+                preferenceList.get(0).user);
         for (final ProfileNetworkPreferenceList.Preference preference : preferenceList) {
-            validateNetworkCapabilitiesOfProfileNetworkPreference(preference.capabilities);
             mProfileNetworkPreferences = mProfileNetworkPreferences.plus(preference);
         }
+
         removeDefaultNetworkRequestsForPreference(PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE);
         addPerAppDefaultNetworkRequests(
                 createNrisFromProfileNetworkPreferences(mProfileNetworkPreferences));
+
         // Finally, rematch.
         rematchAllNetworksAndRequests();
 
@@ -11264,6 +11392,9 @@
         final int defaultRule;
         switch (chain) {
             case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY:
+            case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1:
+            case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2:
+            case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3:
                 defaultRule = FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW;
                 break;
             case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE:
@@ -11292,33 +11423,16 @@
     }
 
     @Override
+    public boolean getFirewallChainEnabled(final int chain) {
+        enforceNetworkStackOrSettingsPermission();
+
+        return mBpfNetMaps.isChainEnabled(chain);
+    }
+
+    @Override
     public void replaceFirewallChain(final int chain, final int[] uids) {
         enforceNetworkStackOrSettingsPermission();
 
-        try {
-            switch (chain) {
-                case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE:
-                    mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain("fw_dozable", true /* isAllowList */, uids);
-                    break;
-                case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY:
-                    mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain("fw_standby", false /* isAllowList */, uids);
-                    break;
-                case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE:
-                    mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain("fw_powersave", true /* isAllowList */, uids);
-                    break;
-                case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED:
-                    mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain("fw_restricted", true /* isAllowList */, uids);
-                    break;
-                case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY:
-                    mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain("fw_low_power_standby", true /* isAllowList */,
-                            uids);
-                    break;
-                default:
-                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("replaceFirewallChain with invalid chain: "
-                            + chain);
-            }
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
-        }
+        mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain(chain, uids);
     }
 }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/TestNetworkService.java b/service/src/com/android/server/TestNetworkService.java
index ccc2776..5549fbe 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/TestNetworkService.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/TestNetworkService.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.android.server;
 
+import static android.net.TestNetworkManager.CLAT_INTERFACE_PREFIX;
 import static android.net.TestNetworkManager.TEST_TAP_PREFIX;
 import static android.net.TestNetworkManager.TEST_TUN_PREFIX;
 
@@ -46,9 +47,9 @@
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
-import com.android.net.module.util.NetdUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
@@ -75,7 +76,13 @@
     @NonNull private final NetworkProvider mNetworkProvider;
 
     // Native method stubs
-    private static native int jniCreateTunTap(boolean isTun, @NonNull String iface);
+    private static native int nativeCreateTunTap(boolean isTun, boolean hasCarrier,
+            boolean setIffMulticast, @NonNull String iface);
+
+    private static native void nativeSetTunTapCarrierEnabled(@NonNull String iface, int tunFd,
+            boolean enabled);
+
+    private static native void nativeBringUpInterface(String iface);
 
     @VisibleForTesting
     protected TestNetworkService(@NonNull Context context) {
@@ -98,6 +105,14 @@
         }
     }
 
+    // TODO: find a way to allow the caller to pass in non-clat interface names, ensuring that
+    // those names do not conflict with names created by callers that do not pass in an interface
+    // name.
+    private static boolean isValidInterfaceName(@NonNull final String iface) {
+        return iface.startsWith(CLAT_INTERFACE_PREFIX + TEST_TUN_PREFIX)
+                || iface.startsWith(CLAT_INTERFACE_PREFIX + TEST_TAP_PREFIX);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Create a TUN or TAP interface with the specified parameters.
      *
@@ -105,30 +120,50 @@
      * interface.
      */
     @Override
-    public TestNetworkInterface createInterface(boolean isTun, boolean bringUp,
-            LinkAddress[] linkAddrs) {
+    public TestNetworkInterface createInterface(boolean isTun, boolean hasCarrier, boolean bringUp,
+            boolean disableIpv6ProvisioningDelay, LinkAddress[] linkAddrs, @Nullable String iface) {
         enforceTestNetworkPermissions(mContext);
 
         Objects.requireNonNull(linkAddrs, "missing linkAddrs");
 
-        String ifacePrefix = isTun ? TEST_TUN_PREFIX : TEST_TAP_PREFIX;
-        String iface = ifacePrefix + sTestTunIndex.getAndIncrement();
+        String interfaceName = iface;
+        if (iface == null) {
+            String ifacePrefix = isTun ? TEST_TUN_PREFIX : TEST_TAP_PREFIX;
+            interfaceName = ifacePrefix + sTestTunIndex.getAndIncrement();
+        } else if (!isValidInterfaceName(iface)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid interface name requested: " + iface);
+        }
+
         final long token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
         try {
-            ParcelFileDescriptor tunIntf =
-                    ParcelFileDescriptor.adoptFd(jniCreateTunTap(isTun, iface));
+            // Note: if the interface is brought up by ethernet, setting IFF_MULTICAST
+            // races NetUtils#setInterfaceUp(). This flag is not necessary for ethernet
+            // tests, so let's not set it when bringUp is false. See also b/242343156.
+            // In the future, we could use RTM_SETLINK with ifi_change set to set the
+            // flags atomically.
+            final boolean setIffMulticast = bringUp;
+            ParcelFileDescriptor tunIntf = ParcelFileDescriptor.adoptFd(
+                    nativeCreateTunTap(isTun, hasCarrier, setIffMulticast, interfaceName));
+
+            // Disable DAD and remove router_solicitation_delay before assigning link addresses.
+            if (disableIpv6ProvisioningDelay) {
+                mNetd.setProcSysNet(
+                        INetd.IPV6, INetd.CONF, interfaceName, "router_solicitation_delay", "0");
+                mNetd.setProcSysNet(INetd.IPV6, INetd.CONF, interfaceName, "dad_transmits", "0");
+            }
+
             for (LinkAddress addr : linkAddrs) {
                 mNetd.interfaceAddAddress(
-                        iface,
+                        interfaceName,
                         addr.getAddress().getHostAddress(),
                         addr.getPrefixLength());
             }
 
             if (bringUp) {
-                NetdUtils.setInterfaceUp(mNetd, iface);
+                nativeBringUpInterface(interfaceName);
             }
 
-            return new TestNetworkInterface(tunIntf, iface);
+            return new TestNetworkInterface(tunIntf, interfaceName);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         } finally {
@@ -360,4 +395,20 @@
     public static void enforceTestNetworkPermissions(@NonNull Context context) {
         context.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(PERMISSION_NAME, "TestNetworkService");
     }
+
+    /** Enable / disable TestNetworkInterface carrier */
+    @Override
+    public void setCarrierEnabled(@NonNull TestNetworkInterface iface, boolean enabled) {
+        enforceTestNetworkPermissions(mContext);
+        nativeSetTunTapCarrierEnabled(iface.getInterfaceName(), iface.getFileDescriptor().getFd(),
+                enabled);
+        // Explicitly close fd after use to prevent StrictMode from complaining.
+        // Also, explicitly referencing iface guarantees that the object is not garbage collected
+        // before nativeSetTunTapCarrierEnabled() executes.
+        try {
+            iface.getFileDescriptor().close();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            // if the close fails, there is not much that can be done -- move on.
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/UidOwnerValue.java b/service/src/com/android/server/UidOwnerValue.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6c0e0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/UidOwnerValue.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+
+/** Value type for per uid traffic control configuration map  */
+public class UidOwnerValue extends Struct {
+    // Allowed interface index. Only applicable if IIF_MATCH is set in the rule bitmask below.
+    @Field(order = 0, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int iif;
+
+    // A bitmask of match type.
+    @Field(order = 1, type = Type.U32)
+    public final long rule;
+
+    public UidOwnerValue(final int iif, final long rule) {
+        this.iif = iif;
+        this.rule = rule;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ClatCoordinator.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ClatCoordinator.java
index 8aa5990..d7c3287 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ClatCoordinator.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ClatCoordinator.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
 import static android.net.INetd.IF_STATE_UP;
+import static android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_NETWORK;
 import static android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IP;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IPV6;
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.BpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
@@ -45,6 +47,8 @@
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.ClatEgress4Value;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.ClatIngress6Key;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.ClatIngress6Value;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapValue;
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -62,6 +66,10 @@
 public class ClatCoordinator {
     private static final String TAG = ClatCoordinator.class.getSimpleName();
 
+    // Sync from system/core/libcutils/include/private/android_filesystem_config.h
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int AID_CLAT = 1029;
+
     // Sync from external/android-clat/clatd.c
     // 40 bytes IPv6 header - 20 bytes IPv4 header + 8 bytes fragment header.
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -96,15 +104,17 @@
     @VisibleForTesting
     static final int PRIO_CLAT = 4;
 
+    private static final String COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH =
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/map_netd_cookie_tag_map";
     private static final String CLAT_EGRESS4_MAP_PATH = makeMapPath("egress4");
     private static final String CLAT_INGRESS6_MAP_PATH = makeMapPath("ingress6");
 
     private static String makeMapPath(String which) {
-        return "/sys/fs/bpf/map_clatd_clat_" + which + "_map";
+        return "/sys/fs/bpf/net_shared/map_clatd_clat_" + which + "_map";
     }
 
     private static String makeProgPath(boolean ingress, boolean ether) {
-        String path = "/sys/fs/bpf/prog_clatd_schedcls_"
+        String path = "/sys/fs/bpf/net_shared/prog_clatd_schedcls_"
                 + (ingress ? "ingress6" : "egress4")
                 + "_clat_"
                 + (ether ? "ether" : "rawip");
@@ -120,10 +130,16 @@
     @Nullable
     private final IBpfMap<ClatEgress4Key, ClatEgress4Value> mEgressMap;
     @Nullable
+    private final IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> mCookieTagMap;
+    @Nullable
     private ClatdTracker mClatdTracker = null;
 
+    /**
+     * Dependencies of ClatCoordinator which makes ConnectivityService injection
+     * in tests.
+     */
     @VisibleForTesting
-    abstract static class Dependencies {
+    public abstract static class Dependencies {
         /**
           * Get netd.
           */
@@ -227,17 +243,10 @@
         }
 
         /**
-         * Tag socket as clat.
+         * Get socket cookie.
          */
-        public long tagSocketAsClat(@NonNull FileDescriptor sock) throws IOException {
-            return native_tagSocketAsClat(sock);
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Untag socket.
-         */
-        public void untagSocket(long cookie) throws IOException {
-            native_untagSocket(cookie);
+        public long getSocketCookie(@NonNull FileDescriptor sock) throws IOException {
+            return native_getSocketCookie(sock);
         }
 
         /** Get ingress6 BPF map. */
@@ -274,6 +283,23 @@
             }
         }
 
+        /** Get cookie tag map */
+        @Nullable
+        public IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> getBpfCookieTagMap() {
+            // Pre-T devices don't use ClatCoordinator to access clat map. Since Nat464Xlat
+            // initializes a ClatCoordinator object to avoid redundant null pointer check
+            // while using, ignore the BPF map initialization on pre-T devices.
+            // TODO: probably don't initialize ClatCoordinator object on pre-T devices.
+            if (!SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) return null;
+            try {
+                return new BpfMap<>(COOKIE_TAG_MAP_PATH,
+                        BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR, CookieTagMapKey.class, CookieTagMapValue.class);
+            } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+                Log.wtf(TAG, "Cannot open cookie tag map: " + e);
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
         /** Checks if the network interface uses an ethernet L2 header. */
         public boolean isEthernet(String iface) throws IOException {
             return TcUtils.isEthernet(iface);
@@ -342,15 +368,28 @@
                     && this.pid == that.pid
                     && this.cookie == that.cookie;
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "iface: " + iface
+                    + " (" + ifIndex + ")"
+                    + ", v4iface: " + v4iface
+                    + " (" + v4ifIndex + ")"
+                    + ", v4: " + v4
+                    + ", v6: " + v6
+                    + ", pfx96: " + pfx96
+                    + ", pid: " + pid
+                    + ", cookie: " + cookie;
+        }
     };
 
     @VisibleForTesting
     static int getFwmark(int netId) {
         // See union Fwmark in system/netd/include/Fwmark.h
         return (netId & 0xffff)
-                | 0x1 << 16  // protectedFromVpn: true
-                | 0x1 << 17  // explicitlySelected: true
-                | (PERMISSION_SYSTEM & 0x3) << 18;
+                | 0x1 << 16  // explicitlySelected: true
+                | 0x1 << 17  // protectedFromVpn: true
+                | ((PERMISSION_NETWORK | PERMISSION_SYSTEM) & 0x3) << 18;  // 2 permission bits = 3
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -370,6 +409,7 @@
         mNetd = mDeps.getNetd();
         mIngressMap = mDeps.getBpfIngress6Map();
         mEgressMap = mDeps.getBpfEgress4Map();
+        mCookieTagMap = mDeps.getBpfCookieTagMap();
     }
 
     private void maybeStartBpf(final ClatdTracker tracker) {
@@ -493,13 +533,79 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private void maybeCleanUp(ParcelFileDescriptor tunFd, ParcelFileDescriptor readSock6,
+            ParcelFileDescriptor writeSock6) {
+        if (tunFd != null) {
+            try {
+                tunFd.close();
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Fail to close tun file descriptor " + e);
+            }
+        }
+        if (readSock6 != null) {
+            try {
+                readSock6.close();
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Fail to close read socket " + e);
+            }
+        }
+        if (writeSock6 != null) {
+            try {
+                writeSock6.close();
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Fail to close write socket " + e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void tagSocketAsClat(long cookie) throws IOException {
+        if (mCookieTagMap == null) {
+            throw new IOException("Cookie tag map is not initialized");
+        }
+
+        // Tag raw socket with uid AID_CLAT and set tag as zero because tag is unused in bpf
+        // program for counting data usage in netd.c. Tagging socket is used to avoid counting
+        // duplicated clat traffic in bpf stat.
+        final CookieTagMapKey key = new CookieTagMapKey(cookie);
+        final CookieTagMapValue value = new CookieTagMapValue(AID_CLAT, 0 /* tag, unused */);
+        try {
+            mCookieTagMap.insertEntry(key, value);
+        } catch (ErrnoException | IllegalStateException e) {
+            throw new IOException("Could not insert entry (" + key + ", " + value
+                    + ") on cookie tag map: " + e);
+        }
+        Log.i(TAG, "tag socket cookie " + cookie);
+    }
+
+    private void untagSocket(long cookie) throws IOException {
+        if (mCookieTagMap == null) {
+            throw new IOException("Cookie tag map is not initialized");
+        }
+
+        // The reason that deleting entry from cookie tag map directly is that the tag socket
+        // destroy listener only monitors on group INET_TCP, INET_UDP, INET6_TCP, INET6_UDP.
+        // The other socket types, ex: raw, are not able to be removed automatically by the
+        // listener. See TrafficController::makeSkDestroyListener.
+        final CookieTagMapKey key = new CookieTagMapKey(cookie);
+        try {
+            mCookieTagMap.deleteEntry(key);
+        } catch (ErrnoException | IllegalStateException e) {
+            throw new IOException("Could not delete entry (" + key + ") on cookie tag map: " + e);
+        }
+        Log.i(TAG, "untag socket cookie " + cookie);
+    }
+
+    private boolean isStarted() {
+        return mClatdTracker != null;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Start clatd for a given interface and NAT64 prefix.
      */
     public String clatStart(final String iface, final int netId,
             @NonNull final IpPrefix nat64Prefix)
             throws IOException {
-        if (mClatdTracker != null) {
+        if (isStarted()) {
             throw new IOException("Clatd is already running on " + mClatdTracker.iface
                     + " (pid " + mClatdTracker.pid + ")");
         }
@@ -541,8 +647,15 @@
 
         // [3] Open, configure and bring up the tun interface.
         // Create the v4-... tun interface.
+
+        // Initialize all required file descriptors with null pointer. This makes the following
+        // error handling easier. Simply always call #maybeCleanUp for closing file descriptors,
+        // if any valid ones, in error handling.
+        ParcelFileDescriptor tunFd = null;
+        ParcelFileDescriptor readSock6 = null;
+        ParcelFileDescriptor writeSock6 = null;
+
         final String tunIface = CLAT_PREFIX + iface;
-        final ParcelFileDescriptor tunFd;
         try {
             tunFd = mDeps.adoptFd(mDeps.createTunInterface(tunIface));
         } catch (IOException e) {
@@ -551,7 +664,7 @@
 
         final int tunIfIndex = mDeps.getInterfaceIndex(tunIface);
         if (tunIfIndex == INVALID_IFINDEX) {
-            tunFd.close();
+            maybeCleanUp(tunFd, readSock6, writeSock6);
             throw new IOException("Fail to get interface index for interface " + tunIface);
         }
 
@@ -559,24 +672,27 @@
         try {
             mNetd.interfaceSetEnableIPv6(tunIface, false /* enabled */);
         } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            tunFd.close();
             Log.e(TAG, "Disable IPv6 on " + tunIface + " failed: " + e);
         }
 
         // Detect ipv4 mtu.
         final Integer fwmark = getFwmark(netId);
-        final int detectedMtu = mDeps.detectMtu(pfx96Str,
+        final int detectedMtu;
+        try {
+            detectedMtu = mDeps.detectMtu(pfx96Str,
                 ByteBuffer.wrap(GOOGLE_DNS_4.getAddress()).getInt(), fwmark);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            maybeCleanUp(tunFd, readSock6, writeSock6);
+            throw new IOException("Detect MTU on " + tunIface + " failed: " + e);
+        }
         final int mtu = adjustMtu(detectedMtu);
         Log.i(TAG, "ipv4 mtu is " + mtu);
 
-        // TODO: add setIptablesDropRule
-
         // Config tun interface mtu, address and bring up.
         try {
             mNetd.interfaceSetMtu(tunIface, mtu);
         } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            tunFd.close();
+            maybeCleanUp(tunFd, readSock6, writeSock6);
             throw new IOException("Set MTU " + mtu + " on " + tunIface + " failed: " + e);
         }
         final InterfaceConfigurationParcel ifConfig = new InterfaceConfigurationParcel();
@@ -588,14 +704,13 @@
         try {
             mNetd.interfaceSetCfg(ifConfig);
         } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            tunFd.close();
+            maybeCleanUp(tunFd, readSock6, writeSock6);
             throw new IOException("Setting IPv4 address to " + ifConfig.ipv4Addr + "/"
                     + ifConfig.prefixLength + " failed on " + ifConfig.ifName + ": " + e);
         }
 
         // [4] Open and configure local 464xlat read/write sockets.
         // Opens a packet socket to receive IPv6 packets in clatd.
-        final ParcelFileDescriptor readSock6;
         try {
             // Use a JNI call to get native file descriptor instead of Os.socket() because we would
             // like to use ParcelFileDescriptor to manage file descriptor. But ctor
@@ -603,27 +718,23 @@
             // descriptor to initialize ParcelFileDescriptor object instead.
             readSock6 = mDeps.adoptFd(mDeps.openPacketSocket());
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            tunFd.close();
+            maybeCleanUp(tunFd, readSock6, writeSock6);
             throw new IOException("Open packet socket failed: " + e);
         }
 
         // Opens a raw socket with a given fwmark to send IPv6 packets in clatd.
-        final ParcelFileDescriptor writeSock6;
         try {
             // Use a JNI call to get native file descriptor instead of Os.socket(). See above
             // reason why we use jniOpenPacketSocket6().
             writeSock6 = mDeps.adoptFd(mDeps.openRawSocket6(fwmark));
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            tunFd.close();
-            readSock6.close();
+            maybeCleanUp(tunFd, readSock6, writeSock6);
             throw new IOException("Open raw socket failed: " + e);
         }
 
         final int ifIndex = mDeps.getInterfaceIndex(iface);
         if (ifIndex == INVALID_IFINDEX) {
-            tunFd.close();
-            readSock6.close();
-            writeSock6.close();
+            maybeCleanUp(tunFd, readSock6, writeSock6);
             throw new IOException("Fail to get interface index for interface " + iface);
         }
 
@@ -631,20 +742,17 @@
         try {
             mDeps.addAnycastSetsockopt(writeSock6.getFileDescriptor(), v6Str, ifIndex);
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            tunFd.close();
-            readSock6.close();
-            writeSock6.close();
+            maybeCleanUp(tunFd, readSock6, writeSock6);
             throw new IOException("add anycast sockopt failed: " + e);
         }
 
         // Tag socket as AID_CLAT to avoid duplicated CLAT data usage accounting.
         final long cookie;
         try {
-            cookie = mDeps.tagSocketAsClat(writeSock6.getFileDescriptor());
+            cookie = mDeps.getSocketCookie(writeSock6.getFileDescriptor());
+            tagSocketAsClat(cookie);
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            tunFd.close();
-            readSock6.close();
-            writeSock6.close();
+            maybeCleanUp(tunFd, readSock6, writeSock6);
             throw new IOException("tag raw socket failed: " + e);
         }
 
@@ -652,9 +760,12 @@
         try {
             mDeps.configurePacketSocket(readSock6.getFileDescriptor(), v6Str, ifIndex);
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            tunFd.close();
-            readSock6.close();
-            writeSock6.close();
+            try {
+                untagSocket(cookie);
+            } catch (IOException e2) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "untagSocket cookie " + cookie + " failed: " + e2);
+            }
+            maybeCleanUp(tunFd, readSock6, writeSock6);
             throw new IOException("configure packet socket failed: " + e);
         }
 
@@ -664,13 +775,16 @@
             pid = mDeps.startClatd(tunFd.getFileDescriptor(), readSock6.getFileDescriptor(),
                     writeSock6.getFileDescriptor(), iface, pfx96Str, v4Str, v6Str);
         } catch (IOException e) {
-            // TODO: probably refactor to handle the exception of #untagSocket if any.
-            mDeps.untagSocket(cookie);
+            try {
+                untagSocket(cookie);
+            } catch (IOException e2) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "untagSocket cookie " + cookie + " failed: " + e2);
+            }
             throw new IOException("Error start clatd on " + iface + ": " + e);
         } finally {
-            tunFd.close();
-            readSock6.close();
-            writeSock6.close();
+            // The file descriptors have been duplicated (dup2) to clatd in native_startClatd().
+            // Close these file descriptor stubs which are unused anymore.
+            maybeCleanUp(tunFd, readSock6, writeSock6);
         }
 
         // [6] Initialize and store clatd tracker object.
@@ -723,7 +837,7 @@
      * Stop clatd
      */
     public void clatStop() throws IOException {
-        if (mClatdTracker == null) {
+        if (!isStarted()) {
             throw new IOException("Clatd has not started");
         }
         Log.i(TAG, "Stopping clatd pid=" + mClatdTracker.pid + " on " + mClatdTracker.iface);
@@ -732,12 +846,79 @@
         mDeps.stopClatd(mClatdTracker.iface, mClatdTracker.pfx96.getHostAddress(),
                 mClatdTracker.v4.getHostAddress(), mClatdTracker.v6.getHostAddress(),
                 mClatdTracker.pid);
-        mDeps.untagSocket(mClatdTracker.cookie);
+        untagSocket(mClatdTracker.cookie);
 
         Log.i(TAG, "clatd on " + mClatdTracker.iface + " stopped");
         mClatdTracker = null;
     }
 
+    private void dumpBpfIngress(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        if (mIngressMap == null) {
+            pw.println("No BPF ingress6 map");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            if (mIngressMap.isEmpty()) {
+                pw.println("<empty>");
+            }
+            pw.println("BPF ingress map: iif nat64Prefix v6Addr -> v4Addr oif");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            mIngressMap.forEach((k, v) -> {
+                // TODO: print interface name
+                pw.println(String.format("%d %s/96 %s -> %s %d", k.iif, k.pfx96, k.local6,
+                        v.local4, v.oif));
+            });
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            pw.println("Error dumping BPF ingress6 map: " + e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void dumpBpfEgress(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        if (mEgressMap == null) {
+            pw.println("No BPF egress4 map");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            if (mEgressMap.isEmpty()) {
+                pw.println("<empty>");
+            }
+            pw.println("BPF egress map: iif v4Addr -> v6Addr nat64Prefix oif");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            mEgressMap.forEach((k, v) -> {
+                // TODO: print interface name
+                pw.println(String.format("%d %s -> %s %s/96 %d %s", k.iif, k.local4, v.local6,
+                        v.pfx96, v.oif, v.oifIsEthernet != 0 ? "ether" : "rawip"));
+            });
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            pw.println("Error dumping BPF egress4 map: " + e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dump the cordinator information.
+     *
+     * @param pw print writer.
+     */
+    public void dump(@NonNull IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        // TODO: move map dump to a global place to avoid duplicate dump while there are two or
+        // more IPv6 only networks.
+        if (isStarted()) {
+            pw.println("CLAT tracker: " + mClatdTracker.toString());
+            pw.println("Forwarding rules:");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            dumpBpfIngress(pw);
+            dumpBpfEgress(pw);
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+        } else {
+            pw.println("<not started>");
+        }
+        pw.println();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get clatd tracker. For test only.
      */
@@ -765,6 +946,5 @@
             throws IOException;
     private static native void native_stopClatd(String iface, String pfx96, String v4, String v6,
             int pid) throws IOException;
-    private static native long native_tagSocketAsClat(FileDescriptor sock) throws IOException;
-    private static native void native_untagSocket(long cookie) throws IOException;
+    private static native long native_getSocketCookie(FileDescriptor sock) throws IOException;
 }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ConnectivityNativeService.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ConnectivityNativeService.java
index cde6ea7..c1ba40e 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ConnectivityNativeService.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ConnectivityNativeService.java
@@ -47,10 +47,11 @@
     private static final String TAG = ConnectivityNativeService.class.getSimpleName();
     private static final String CGROUP_PATH = "/sys/fs/cgroup";
     private static final String V4_PROG_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/prog_block_bind4_block_port";
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/net_shared/prog_block_bind4_block_port";
     private static final String V6_PROG_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/prog_block_bind6_block_port";
-    private static final String BLOCKED_PORTS_MAP_PATH = "/sys/fs/bpf/map_block_blocked_ports_map";
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/net_shared/prog_block_bind6_block_port";
+    private static final String BLOCKED_PORTS_MAP_PATH =
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/net_shared/map_block_blocked_ports_map";
 
     private final Context mContext;
 
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyTracker.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyTracker.java
index 53b276e..2bfad10 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyTracker.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyTracker.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkAgent.DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_DELETED;
 import static android.net.NetworkAgent.DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_PROCESSING_RESOURCES;
 import static android.net.NetworkAgent.DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_POLICY_NOT_FOUND;
+import static android.net.NetworkAgent.DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_REQUEST_DECLINED;
 import static android.net.NetworkAgent.DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_ALL;
 
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.NetworkInterface;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Set;
 
@@ -50,46 +52,84 @@
 
     private static final String TAG = DscpPolicyTracker.class.getSimpleName();
     private static final String PROG_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/prog_dscp_policy_schedcls_set_dscp";
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/net_shared/prog_dscpPolicy_schedcls_set_dscp_ether";
     // Name is "map + *.o + map_name + map". Can probably shorten this
     private static final String IPV4_POLICY_MAP_PATH = makeMapPath(
-            "dscp_policy_ipv4_dscp_policies");
+            "dscpPolicy_ipv4_dscp_policies");
     private static final String IPV6_POLICY_MAP_PATH = makeMapPath(
-            "dscp_policy_ipv6_dscp_policies");
+            "dscpPolicy_ipv6_dscp_policies");
     private static final int MAX_POLICIES = 16;
 
     private static String makeMapPath(String which) {
-        return "/sys/fs/bpf/map_" + which + "_map";
+        return "/sys/fs/bpf/net_shared/map_" + which + "_map";
     }
 
     private Set<String> mAttachedIfaces;
 
     private final BpfMap<Struct.U32, DscpPolicyValue> mBpfDscpIpv4Policies;
     private final BpfMap<Struct.U32, DscpPolicyValue> mBpfDscpIpv6Policies;
-    private final SparseIntArray mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex;
+
+    // The actual policy rules used by the BPF code to process packets
+    // are in mBpfDscpIpv4Policies and mBpfDscpIpv4Policies. Both of
+    // these can contain up to MAX_POLICIES rules.
+    //
+    // A given policy always consumes one entry in both the IPv4 and
+    // IPv6 maps even if if's an IPv4-only or IPv6-only policy.
+    //
+    // Each interface index has a SparseIntArray of rules which maps a
+    // policy ID to the index of the corresponding rule in the maps.
+    // mIfaceIndexToPolicyIdBpfMapIndex maps the interface index to
+    // the per-interface SparseIntArray.
+    private final HashMap<Integer, SparseIntArray> mIfaceIndexToPolicyIdBpfMapIndex;
 
     public DscpPolicyTracker() throws ErrnoException {
         mAttachedIfaces = new HashSet<String>();
-
-        mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex = new SparseIntArray(MAX_POLICIES);
+        mIfaceIndexToPolicyIdBpfMapIndex = new HashMap<Integer, SparseIntArray>();
         mBpfDscpIpv4Policies = new BpfMap<Struct.U32, DscpPolicyValue>(IPV4_POLICY_MAP_PATH,
                 BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR, Struct.U32.class, DscpPolicyValue.class);
         mBpfDscpIpv6Policies = new BpfMap<Struct.U32, DscpPolicyValue>(IPV6_POLICY_MAP_PATH,
                 BpfMap.BPF_F_RDWR, Struct.U32.class, DscpPolicyValue.class);
     }
 
+    private boolean isUnusedIndex(int index) {
+        for (SparseIntArray ifacePolicies : mIfaceIndexToPolicyIdBpfMapIndex.values()) {
+            if (ifacePolicies.indexOfValue(index) >= 0) return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
     private int getFirstFreeIndex() {
+        if (mIfaceIndexToPolicyIdBpfMapIndex.size() == 0) return 0;
         for (int i = 0; i < MAX_POLICIES; i++) {
-            if (mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.indexOfValue(i) < 0) return i;
+            if (isUnusedIndex(i)) {
+                return i;
+            }
         }
         return MAX_POLICIES;
     }
 
+    private int findIndex(int policyId, int ifIndex) {
+        SparseIntArray ifacePolicies = mIfaceIndexToPolicyIdBpfMapIndex.get(ifIndex);
+        if (ifacePolicies != null) {
+            final int existingIndex = ifacePolicies.get(policyId, -1);
+            if (existingIndex != -1) {
+                return existingIndex;
+            }
+        }
+
+        final int firstIndex = getFirstFreeIndex();
+        if (firstIndex >= MAX_POLICIES) {
+            // New policy is being added, but max policies has already been reached.
+            return -1;
+        }
+        return firstIndex;
+    }
+
     private void sendStatus(NetworkAgentInfo nai, int policyId, int status) {
         try {
             nai.networkAgent.onDscpPolicyStatusUpdated(policyId, status);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
-            Log.d(TAG, "Failed update policy status: ", e);
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed update policy status: ", e);
         }
     }
 
@@ -107,39 +147,45 @@
                         || policy.getSourceAddress() instanceof Inet6Address));
     }
 
-    private int addDscpPolicyInternal(DscpPolicy policy) {
+    private int getIfaceIndex(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
+        String iface = nai.linkProperties.getInterfaceName();
+        NetworkInterface netIface;
+        try {
+            netIface = NetworkInterface.getByName(iface);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Unable to get iface index for " + iface + ": " + e);
+            netIface = null;
+        }
+        return (netIface != null) ? netIface.getIndex() : 0;
+    }
+
+    private int addDscpPolicyInternal(DscpPolicy policy, int ifIndex) {
         // If there is no existing policy with a matching ID, and we are already at
         // the maximum number of policies then return INSUFFICIENT_PROCESSING_RESOURCES.
-        final int existingIndex = mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.get(policy.getPolicyId(), -1);
-        if (existingIndex == -1 && mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.size() >= MAX_POLICIES) {
-            return DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_PROCESSING_RESOURCES;
+        SparseIntArray ifacePolicies = mIfaceIndexToPolicyIdBpfMapIndex.get(ifIndex);
+        if (ifacePolicies == null) {
+            ifacePolicies = new SparseIntArray(MAX_POLICIES);
         }
 
         // Currently all classifiers are supported, if any are removed return
         // DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_REQUESTED_CLASSIFIER_NOT_SUPPORTED,
         // and for any other generic error DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_REQUEST_DECLINED
 
-        int addIndex = 0;
-        // If a policy with a matching ID exists, replace it, otherwise use the next free
-        // index for the policy.
-        if (existingIndex != -1) {
-            addIndex = mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.get(policy.getPolicyId());
-        } else {
-            addIndex = getFirstFreeIndex();
+        final int addIndex = findIndex(policy.getPolicyId(), ifIndex);
+        if (addIndex == -1) {
+            return DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_PROCESSING_RESOURCES;
         }
 
         try {
-            mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.put(policy.getPolicyId(), addIndex);
-
             // Add v4 policy to mBpfDscpIpv4Policies if source and destination address
-            // are both null or if they are both instances of Inet6Address.
+            // are both null or if they are both instances of Inet4Address.
             if (matchesIpv4(policy)) {
                 mBpfDscpIpv4Policies.insertOrReplaceEntry(
                         new Struct.U32(addIndex),
                         new DscpPolicyValue(policy.getSourceAddress(),
-                            policy.getDestinationAddress(),
+                            policy.getDestinationAddress(), ifIndex,
                             policy.getSourcePort(), policy.getDestinationPortRange(),
-                            (short) policy.getProtocol(), (short) policy.getDscpValue()));
+                            (short) policy.getProtocol(), (byte) policy.getDscpValue()));
             }
 
             // Add v6 policy to mBpfDscpIpv6Policies if source and destination address
@@ -148,10 +194,16 @@
                 mBpfDscpIpv6Policies.insertOrReplaceEntry(
                         new Struct.U32(addIndex),
                         new DscpPolicyValue(policy.getSourceAddress(),
-                                policy.getDestinationAddress(),
+                                policy.getDestinationAddress(), ifIndex,
                                 policy.getSourcePort(), policy.getDestinationPortRange(),
-                                (short) policy.getProtocol(), (short) policy.getDscpValue()));
+                                (short) policy.getProtocol(), (byte) policy.getDscpValue()));
             }
+
+            ifacePolicies.put(policy.getPolicyId(), addIndex);
+            // Only add the policy to the per interface map if the policy was successfully
+            // added to both bpf maps above. It is safe to assume that if insert fails for
+            // one map then it fails for both.
+            mIfaceIndexToPolicyIdBpfMapIndex.put(ifIndex, ifacePolicies);
         } catch (ErrnoException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "Failed to insert policy into map: ", e);
             return DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_PROCESSING_RESOURCES;
@@ -160,28 +212,50 @@
         return DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS;
     }
 
+    private boolean isEthernet(String iface) {
+        try {
+            return TcUtils.isEthernet(iface);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to check ether type", e);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
     /**
-     * Add the provided DSCP policy to the bpf map. Attach bpf program dscp_policy to iface
+     * Add the provided DSCP policy to the bpf map. Attach bpf program dscpPolicy to iface
      * if not already attached. Response will be sent back to nai with status.
      *
      * DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS - if policy was added successfully
      * DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_PROCESSING_RESOURCES - if max policies were already set
+     * DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_REQUEST_DECLINED - Interface index was invalid
      */
     public void addDscpPolicy(NetworkAgentInfo nai, DscpPolicy policy) {
-        if (!mAttachedIfaces.contains(nai.linkProperties.getInterfaceName())) {
-            if (!attachProgram(nai.linkProperties.getInterfaceName())) {
-                Log.e(TAG, "Unable to attach program");
-                sendStatus(nai, policy.getPolicyId(),
-                        DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_PROCESSING_RESOURCES);
-                return;
-            }
+        String iface = nai.linkProperties.getInterfaceName();
+        if (!isEthernet(iface)) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "DSCP policies are not supported on raw IP interfaces.");
+            sendStatus(nai, policy.getPolicyId(), DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_REQUEST_DECLINED);
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!mAttachedIfaces.contains(iface) && !attachProgram(iface)) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Unable to attach program");
+            sendStatus(nai, policy.getPolicyId(),
+                    DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_PROCESSING_RESOURCES);
+            return;
         }
 
-        int status = addDscpPolicyInternal(policy);
+        final int ifIndex = getIfaceIndex(nai);
+        if (ifIndex == 0) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Iface index is invalid");
+            sendStatus(nai, policy.getPolicyId(), DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_REQUEST_DECLINED);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        int status = addDscpPolicyInternal(policy, ifIndex);
         sendStatus(nai, policy.getPolicyId(), status);
     }
 
-    private void removePolicyFromMap(NetworkAgentInfo nai, int policyId, int index) {
+    private void removePolicyFromMap(NetworkAgentInfo nai, int policyId, int index,
+            boolean sendCallback) {
         int status = DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_POLICY_NOT_FOUND;
         try {
             mBpfDscpIpv4Policies.replaceEntry(new Struct.U32(index), DscpPolicyValue.NONE);
@@ -191,7 +265,9 @@
             Log.e(TAG, "Failed to delete policy from map: ", e);
         }
 
-        sendStatus(nai, policyId, status);
+        if (sendCallback) {
+            sendStatus(nai, policyId, status);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -204,36 +280,44 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        if (mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.get(policyId, -1) != -1) {
-            removePolicyFromMap(nai, policyId, mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.get(policyId));
-            mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.delete(policyId);
+        SparseIntArray ifacePolicies = mIfaceIndexToPolicyIdBpfMapIndex.get(getIfaceIndex(nai));
+        if (ifacePolicies == null) return;
+
+        final int existingIndex = ifacePolicies.get(policyId, -1);
+        if (existingIndex == -1) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Policy " + policyId + " does not exist in map.");
+            sendStatus(nai, policyId, DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_POLICY_NOT_FOUND);
+            return;
         }
 
-        // TODO: detach should only occur if no more policies are present on the nai's iface.
-        if (mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.size() == 0) {
+        removePolicyFromMap(nai, policyId, existingIndex, true);
+        ifacePolicies.delete(policyId);
+
+        if (ifacePolicies.size() == 0) {
             detachProgram(nai.linkProperties.getInterfaceName());
         }
     }
 
     /**
-     * Remove all DSCP policies and detach program.
+     * Remove all DSCP policies and detach program. Send callback if requested.
      */
-    // TODO: Remove all should only remove policies from corresponding nai iface.
-    public void removeAllDscpPolicies(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
+    public void removeAllDscpPolicies(NetworkAgentInfo nai, boolean sendCallback) {
         if (!mAttachedIfaces.contains(nai.linkProperties.getInterfaceName())) {
             // Nothing to remove since program is not attached. Send update for policy
             // id 0. The status update must contain a policy ID, and 0 is an invalid id.
-            sendStatus(nai, 0, DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS);
+            if (sendCallback) {
+                sendStatus(nai, 0, DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS);
+            }
             return;
         }
 
-        for (int i = 0; i < mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.size(); i++) {
-            removePolicyFromMap(nai, mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.keyAt(i),
-                    mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.valueAt(i));
+        SparseIntArray ifacePolicies = mIfaceIndexToPolicyIdBpfMapIndex.get(getIfaceIndex(nai));
+        if (ifacePolicies == null) return;
+        for (int i = 0; i < ifacePolicies.size(); i++) {
+            removePolicyFromMap(nai, ifacePolicies.keyAt(i), ifacePolicies.valueAt(i),
+                    sendCallback);
         }
-        mPolicyIdToBpfMapIndex.clear();
-
-        // Can detach program since no policies are active.
+        ifacePolicies.clear();
         detachProgram(nai.linkProperties.getInterfaceName());
     }
 
@@ -241,8 +325,6 @@
      * Attach BPF program
      */
     private boolean attachProgram(@NonNull String iface) {
-        // TODO: attach needs to be per iface not program.
-
         try {
             NetworkInterface netIface = NetworkInterface.getByName(iface);
             TcUtils.tcFilterAddDevBpf(netIface.getIndex(), false, PRIO_DSCP, (short) ETH_P_ALL,
@@ -264,9 +346,9 @@
             if (netIface != null) {
                 TcUtils.tcFilterDelDev(netIface.getIndex(), false, PRIO_DSCP, (short) ETH_P_ALL);
             }
+            mAttachedIfaces.remove(iface);
         } catch (IOException e) {
             Log.e(TAG, "Unable to detach to TC on " + iface + ": " + e);
         }
-        mAttachedIfaces.remove(iface);
     }
 }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyValue.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyValue.java
index cb40306..7b11eda 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyValue.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyValue.java
@@ -31,36 +31,37 @@
 public class DscpPolicyValue extends Struct {
     private static final String TAG = DscpPolicyValue.class.getSimpleName();
 
-    // TODO: add the interface index.
     @Field(order = 0, type = Type.ByteArray, arraysize = 16)
     public final byte[] src46;
 
     @Field(order = 1, type = Type.ByteArray, arraysize = 16)
     public final byte[] dst46;
 
-    @Field(order = 2, type = Type.UBE16)
-    public final int srcPort;
+    @Field(order = 2, type = Type.S32)
+    public final int ifIndex;
 
     @Field(order = 3, type = Type.UBE16)
+    public final int srcPort;
+
+    @Field(order = 4, type = Type.U16)
     public final int dstPortStart;
 
-    @Field(order = 4, type = Type.UBE16)
+    @Field(order = 5, type = Type.U16)
     public final int dstPortEnd;
 
-    @Field(order = 5, type = Type.U8)
+    @Field(order = 6, type = Type.U8)
     public final short proto;
 
-    @Field(order = 6, type = Type.U8)
-    public final short dscp;
+    @Field(order = 7, type = Type.S8)
+    public final byte dscp;
 
-    @Field(order = 7, type = Type.U8, padding = 3)
+    @Field(order = 8, type = Type.U8, padding = 3)
     public final short mask;
 
     private static final int SRC_IP_MASK = 0x1;
     private static final int DST_IP_MASK = 0x02;
     private static final int SRC_PORT_MASK = 0x4;
-    private static final int DST_PORT_MASK = 0x8;
-    private static final int PROTO_MASK = 0x10;
+    private static final int PROTO_MASK = 0x8;
 
     private boolean ipEmpty(final byte[] ip) {
         for (int i = 0; i < ip.length; i++) {
@@ -69,6 +70,7 @@
         return true;
     }
 
+    // TODO:  move to frameworks/libs/net and have this and BpfCoordinator import it.
     private byte[] toIpv4MappedAddressBytes(InetAddress ia) {
         final byte[] addr6 = new byte[16];
         if (ia != null) {
@@ -97,7 +99,7 @@
             InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("::").getAddress();
 
     private short makeMask(final byte[] src46, final byte[] dst46, final int srcPort,
-            final int dstPortStart, final short proto, final short dscp) {
+            final int dstPortStart, final short proto, final byte dscp) {
         short mask = 0;
         if (src46 != EMPTY_ADDRESS_FIELD) {
             mask |= SRC_IP_MASK;
@@ -108,28 +110,24 @@
         if (srcPort != -1) {
             mask |=  SRC_PORT_MASK;
         }
-        if (dstPortStart != -1 && dstPortEnd != -1) {
-            mask |=  DST_PORT_MASK;
-        }
         if (proto != -1) {
             mask |=  PROTO_MASK;
         }
         return mask;
     }
 
-    // This constructor is necessary for BpfMap#getValue since all values must be
-    // in the constructor.
-    public DscpPolicyValue(final InetAddress src46, final InetAddress dst46, final int srcPort,
-            final int dstPortStart, final int dstPortEnd, final short proto,
-            final short dscp) {
+    private DscpPolicyValue(final InetAddress src46, final InetAddress dst46, final int ifIndex,
+            final int srcPort, final int dstPortStart, final int dstPortEnd, final short proto,
+            final byte dscp) {
         this.src46 = toAddressField(src46);
         this.dst46 = toAddressField(dst46);
+        this.ifIndex = ifIndex;
 
         // These params need to be stored as 0 because uints are used in BpfMap.
         // If they are -1 BpfMap write will throw errors.
         this.srcPort = srcPort != -1 ? srcPort : 0;
         this.dstPortStart = dstPortStart != -1 ? dstPortStart : 0;
-        this.dstPortEnd = dstPortEnd != -1 ? dstPortEnd : 0;
+        this.dstPortEnd = dstPortEnd != -1 ? dstPortEnd : 65535;
         this.proto = proto != -1 ? proto : 0;
 
         this.dscp = dscp;
@@ -138,17 +136,17 @@
         this.mask = makeMask(this.src46, this.dst46, srcPort, dstPortStart, proto, dscp);
     }
 
-    public DscpPolicyValue(final InetAddress src46, final InetAddress dst46, final int srcPort,
-            final Range<Integer> dstPort, final short proto,
-            final short dscp) {
-        this(src46, dst46, srcPort, dstPort != null ? dstPort.getLower() : -1,
+    public DscpPolicyValue(final InetAddress src46, final InetAddress dst46, final int ifIndex,
+            final int srcPort, final Range<Integer> dstPort, final short proto,
+            final byte dscp) {
+        this(src46, dst46, ifIndex, srcPort, dstPort != null ? dstPort.getLower() : -1,
                 dstPort != null ? dstPort.getUpper() : -1, proto, dscp);
     }
 
     public static final DscpPolicyValue NONE = new DscpPolicyValue(
-            null /* src46 */, null /* dst46 */, -1 /* srcPort */,
+            null /* src46 */, null /* dst46 */, 0 /* ifIndex */, -1 /* srcPort */,
             -1 /* dstPortStart */, -1 /* dstPortEnd */, (short) -1 /* proto */,
-            (short) 0 /* dscp */);
+            (byte) -1 /* dscp */);
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
@@ -170,9 +168,9 @@
 
         try {
             return String.format(
-                    "src46: %s, dst46: %s, srcPort: %d, dstPortStart: %d, dstPortEnd: %d,"
-                    + " protocol: %d, dscp %s", srcIpString, dstIpString, srcPort, dstPortStart,
-                    dstPortEnd, proto, dscp);
+                    "src46: %s, dst46: %s, ifIndex: %d, srcPort: %d, dstPortStart: %d,"
+                    + " dstPortEnd: %d, protocol: %d, dscp %s", srcIpString, dstIpString,
+                    ifIndex, srcPort, dstPortStart, dstPortEnd, proto, dscp);
         } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
             return String.format("String format error: " + e);
         }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/FullScore.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/FullScore.java
index b13ba93..aec4a71 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/FullScore.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/FullScore.java
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkScore.KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE;
 import static android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI;
 
-import android.annotation.IntDef;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.net.NetworkAgentConfig;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
@@ -35,8 +34,6 @@
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.util.MessageUtils;
 
-import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
-import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
 import java.util.StringJoiner;
 
 /**
@@ -49,57 +46,54 @@
 public class FullScore {
     private static final String TAG = FullScore.class.getSimpleName();
 
-    // This will be removed soon. Do *NOT* depend on it for any new code that is not part of
-    // a migration.
-    private final int mLegacyInt;
-
-    /** @hide */
-    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
-    @IntDef(prefix = {"POLICY_"}, value = {
-            POLICY_IS_VALIDATED,
-            POLICY_IS_VPN,
-            POLICY_EVER_USER_SELECTED,
-            POLICY_ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED,
-            POLICY_IS_UNMETERED
-    })
-    public @interface Policy {
-    }
-
     // Agent-managed policies are in NetworkScore. They start from 1.
     // CS-managed policies, counting from 63 downward
     // This network is validated. CS-managed because the source of truth is in NetworkCapabilities.
     /** @hide */
     public static final int POLICY_IS_VALIDATED = 63;
 
+    // This network has been validated at least once since it was connected.
+    /** @hide */
+    public static final int POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED = 62;
+
     // This is a VPN and behaves as one for scoring purposes.
     /** @hide */
-    public static final int POLICY_IS_VPN = 62;
+    public static final int POLICY_IS_VPN = 61;
 
     // This network has been selected by the user manually from settings or a 3rd party app
-    // at least once. {@see NetworkAgentConfig#explicitlySelected}.
+    // at least once. @see NetworkAgentConfig#explicitlySelected.
     /** @hide */
-    public static final int POLICY_EVER_USER_SELECTED = 61;
+    public static final int POLICY_EVER_USER_SELECTED = 60;
 
     // The user has indicated in UI that this network should be used even if it doesn't
-    // validate. {@see NetworkAgentConfig#acceptUnvalidated}.
+    // validate. @see NetworkAgentConfig#acceptUnvalidated.
     /** @hide */
-    public static final int POLICY_ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED = 60;
+    public static final int POLICY_ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED = 59;
 
-    // This network is unmetered. {@see NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED}.
+    // The user explicitly said in UI to avoid this network when unvalidated.
+    // TODO : remove setAvoidUnvalidated and instead disconnect the network when the user
+    // chooses to move away from this network, and remove this flag.
     /** @hide */
-    public static final int POLICY_IS_UNMETERED = 59;
+    public static final int POLICY_AVOIDED_WHEN_UNVALIDATED = 58;
+
+    // This network is unmetered. @see NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED.
+    /** @hide */
+    public static final int POLICY_IS_UNMETERED = 57;
 
     // This network is invincible. This is useful for offers until there is an API to listen
     // to requests.
     /** @hide */
-    public static final int POLICY_IS_INVINCIBLE = 58;
+    public static final int POLICY_IS_INVINCIBLE = 56;
 
-    // This network has been validated at least once since it was connected, but not explicitly
-    // avoided in UI.
-    // TODO : remove setAvoidUnvalidated and instead disconnect the network when the user
-    // chooses to move away from this network, and remove this flag.
-    /** @hide */
-    public static final int POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD = 57;
+    // This network has undergone initial validation.
+    //
+    // The stack considers that any result finding some working connectivity (valid, partial,
+    // captive portal) is an initial validation. Negative result (not valid), however, is not
+    // considered initial validation until {@link ConnectivityService#PROMPT_UNVALIDATED_DELAY_MS}
+    // have elapsed. This is because some networks may spuriously fail for a short time immediately
+    // after associating. If no positive result is found after the timeout has elapsed, then
+    // the network has been evaluated once.
+    public static final int POLICY_EVER_EVALUATED = 55;
 
     // The network agent has communicated that this network no longer functions, and the underlying
     // native network has been destroyed. The network will still be reported to clients as connected
@@ -107,7 +101,7 @@
     // This network should lose to an identical network that has not been destroyed, but should
     // otherwise be scored exactly the same.
     /** @hide */
-    public static final int POLICY_IS_DESTROYED = 56;
+    public static final int POLICY_IS_DESTROYED = 54;
 
     // To help iterate when printing
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -146,9 +140,7 @@
 
     private final int mKeepConnectedReason;
 
-    FullScore(final int legacyInt, final long policies,
-            @KeepConnectedReason final int keepConnectedReason) {
-        mLegacyInt = legacyInt;
+    FullScore(final long policies, @KeepConnectedReason final int keepConnectedReason) {
         mPolicies = policies;
         mKeepConnectedReason = keepConnectedReason;
     }
@@ -160,7 +152,9 @@
      * @param caps the NetworkCapabilities of the network
      * @param config the NetworkAgentConfig of the network
      * @param everValidated whether this network has ever validated
+     * @param avoidUnvalidated whether the user said in UI to avoid this network when unvalidated
      * @param yieldToBadWiFi whether this network yields to a previously validated wifi gone bad
+     * @param everEvaluated whether this network ever evaluated at least once
      * @param destroyed whether this network has been destroyed pending a replacement connecting
      * @return a FullScore that is appropriate to use for ranking.
      */
@@ -169,18 +163,20 @@
     // connectivity for backward compatibility.
     public static FullScore fromNetworkScore(@NonNull final NetworkScore score,
             @NonNull final NetworkCapabilities caps, @NonNull final NetworkAgentConfig config,
-            final boolean everValidated, final boolean yieldToBadWiFi, final boolean destroyed) {
-        return withPolicies(score.getLegacyInt(), score.getPolicies(),
+            final boolean everValidated, final boolean avoidUnvalidated,
+            final boolean yieldToBadWiFi, final boolean everEvaluated, final boolean destroyed) {
+        return withPolicies(score.getPolicies(),
                 score.getKeepConnectedReason(),
                 caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED),
-                caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN),
-                caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED),
-                everValidated,
+                everValidated, caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN),
                 config.explicitlySelected,
                 config.acceptUnvalidated,
+                avoidUnvalidated,
+                caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED),
                 yieldToBadWiFi,
-                destroyed,
-                false /* invincible */); // only prospective scores can be invincible
+                false /* invincible */, // only prospective scores can be invincible
+                everEvaluated,
+                destroyed);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -200,25 +196,31 @@
             @NonNull final NetworkCapabilities caps, final boolean yieldToBadWiFi) {
         // If the network offers Internet access, it may validate.
         final boolean mayValidate = caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET);
-        // VPN transports are known in advance.
-        final boolean vpn = caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN);
-        // Prospective scores are always unmetered, because unmetered networks are stronger
-        // than metered networks, and it's not known in advance whether the network is metered.
-        final boolean unmetered = true;
         // If the offer may validate, then it should be considered to have validated at some point
         final boolean everValidated = mayValidate;
+        // VPN transports are known in advance.
+        final boolean vpn = caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN);
         // The network hasn't been chosen by the user (yet, at least).
         final boolean everUserSelected = false;
         // Don't assume the user will accept unvalidated connectivity.
         final boolean acceptUnvalidated = false;
-        // A network can only be destroyed once it has connected.
-        final boolean destroyed = false;
+        // A prospective network is never avoided when unvalidated, because the user has never
+        // had the opportunity to say so in UI.
+        final boolean avoidUnvalidated = false;
+        // Prospective scores are always unmetered, because unmetered networks are stronger
+        // than metered networks, and it's not known in advance whether the network is metered.
+        final boolean unmetered = true;
         // A prospective score is invincible if the legacy int in the filter is over the maximum
         // score.
         final boolean invincible = score.getLegacyInt() > NetworkRanker.LEGACY_INT_MAX;
-        return withPolicies(score.getLegacyInt(), score.getPolicies(), KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE,
-                mayValidate, vpn, unmetered, everValidated, everUserSelected, acceptUnvalidated,
-                yieldToBadWiFi, destroyed, invincible);
+        // A prospective network will eventually be evaluated.
+        final boolean everEvaluated = true;
+        // A network can only be destroyed once it has connected.
+        final boolean destroyed = false;
+        return withPolicies(score.getPolicies(), KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE,
+                mayValidate, everValidated, vpn, everUserSelected,
+                acceptUnvalidated, avoidUnvalidated, unmetered, yieldToBadWiFi,
+                invincible, everEvaluated, destroyed);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -234,45 +236,51 @@
     public FullScore mixInScore(@NonNull final NetworkCapabilities caps,
             @NonNull final NetworkAgentConfig config,
             final boolean everValidated,
+            final boolean avoidUnvalidated,
             final boolean yieldToBadWifi,
+            final boolean everEvaluated,
             final boolean destroyed) {
-        return withPolicies(mLegacyInt, mPolicies, mKeepConnectedReason,
+        return withPolicies(mPolicies, mKeepConnectedReason,
                 caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED),
-                caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN),
-                caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED),
-                everValidated,
+                everValidated, caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN),
                 config.explicitlySelected,
                 config.acceptUnvalidated,
+                avoidUnvalidated,
+                caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED),
                 yieldToBadWifi,
-                destroyed,
-                false /* invincible */); // only prospective scores can be invincible
+                false /* invincible */, // only prospective scores can be invincible
+                everEvaluated,
+                destroyed);
     }
 
     // TODO : this shouldn't manage bad wifi avoidance – instead this should be done by the
     // telephony factory, so that it depends on the carrier. For now this is handled by
     // connectivity for backward compatibility.
-    private static FullScore withPolicies(@NonNull final int legacyInt,
-            final long externalPolicies,
+    private static FullScore withPolicies(final long externalPolicies,
             @KeepConnectedReason final int keepConnectedReason,
             final boolean isValidated,
-            final boolean isVpn,
-            final boolean isUnmetered,
             final boolean everValidated,
+            final boolean isVpn,
             final boolean everUserSelected,
             final boolean acceptUnvalidated,
+            final boolean avoidUnvalidated,
+            final boolean isUnmetered,
             final boolean yieldToBadWiFi,
-            final boolean destroyed,
-            final boolean invincible) {
-        return new FullScore(legacyInt, (externalPolicies & EXTERNAL_POLICIES_MASK)
+            final boolean invincible,
+            final boolean everEvaluated,
+            final boolean destroyed) {
+        return new FullScore((externalPolicies & EXTERNAL_POLICIES_MASK)
                 | (isValidated       ? 1L << POLICY_IS_VALIDATED : 0)
+                | (everValidated     ? 1L << POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED : 0)
                 | (isVpn             ? 1L << POLICY_IS_VPN : 0)
-                | (isUnmetered       ? 1L << POLICY_IS_UNMETERED : 0)
-                | (everValidated     ? 1L << POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD : 0)
                 | (everUserSelected  ? 1L << POLICY_EVER_USER_SELECTED : 0)
                 | (acceptUnvalidated ? 1L << POLICY_ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED : 0)
+                | (avoidUnvalidated  ? 1L << POLICY_AVOIDED_WHEN_UNVALIDATED : 0)
+                | (isUnmetered       ? 1L << POLICY_IS_UNMETERED : 0)
                 | (yieldToBadWiFi    ? 1L << POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI : 0)
-                | (destroyed         ? 1L << POLICY_IS_DESTROYED : 0)
-                | (invincible        ? 1L << POLICY_IS_INVINCIBLE : 0),
+                | (invincible        ? 1L << POLICY_IS_INVINCIBLE : 0)
+                | (everEvaluated     ? 1L << POLICY_EVER_EVALUATED : 0)
+                | (destroyed         ? 1L << POLICY_IS_DESTROYED : 0),
                 keepConnectedReason);
     }
 
@@ -280,8 +288,7 @@
      * Returns this score but with the specified yield to bad wifi policy.
      */
     public FullScore withYieldToBadWiFi(final boolean newYield) {
-        return new FullScore(mLegacyInt,
-                newYield ? mPolicies | (1L << POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI)
+        return new FullScore(newYield ? mPolicies | (1L << POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI)
                         : mPolicies & ~(1L << POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI),
                 mKeepConnectedReason);
     }
@@ -290,49 +297,7 @@
      * Returns this score but validated.
      */
     public FullScore asValidated() {
-        return new FullScore(mLegacyInt, mPolicies | (1L << POLICY_IS_VALIDATED),
-                mKeepConnectedReason);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * For backward compatibility, get the legacy int.
-     * This will be removed before S is published.
-     */
-    public int getLegacyInt() {
-        return getLegacyInt(false /* pretendValidated */);
-    }
-
-    public int getLegacyIntAsValidated() {
-        return getLegacyInt(true /* pretendValidated */);
-    }
-
-    // TODO : remove these two constants
-    // Penalty applied to scores of Networks that have not been validated.
-    private static final int UNVALIDATED_SCORE_PENALTY = 40;
-
-    // Score for a network that can be used unvalidated
-    private static final int ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED_NETWORK_SCORE = 100;
-
-    private int getLegacyInt(boolean pretendValidated) {
-        // If the user has chosen this network at least once, give it the maximum score when
-        // checking to pretend it's validated, or if it doesn't need to validate because the
-        // user said to use it even if it doesn't validate.
-        // This ensures that networks that have been selected in UI are not torn down before the
-        // user gets a chance to prefer it when a higher-scoring network (e.g., Ethernet) is
-        // available.
-        if (hasPolicy(POLICY_EVER_USER_SELECTED)
-                && (hasPolicy(POLICY_ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED) || pretendValidated)) {
-            return ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED_NETWORK_SCORE;
-        }
-
-        int score = mLegacyInt;
-        // Except for VPNs, networks are subject to a penalty for not being validated.
-        // Apply the penalty unless the network is a VPN, or it's validated or pretending to be.
-        if (!hasPolicy(POLICY_IS_VALIDATED) && !pretendValidated && !hasPolicy(POLICY_IS_VPN)) {
-            score -= UNVALIDATED_SCORE_PENALTY;
-        }
-        if (score < 0) score = 0;
-        return score;
+        return new FullScore(mPolicies | (1L << POLICY_IS_VALIDATED), mKeepConnectedReason);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -350,15 +315,32 @@
         return mKeepConnectedReason;
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(final Object o) {
+        if (this == o) return true;
+        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
+
+        final FullScore fullScore = (FullScore) o;
+
+        if (mPolicies != fullScore.mPolicies) return false;
+        return mKeepConnectedReason == fullScore.mKeepConnectedReason;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return 2 * ((int) mPolicies)
+                + 3 * (int) (mPolicies >>> 32)
+                + 5 * mKeepConnectedReason;
+    }
+
     // Example output :
-    // Score(50 ; Policies : EVER_USER_SELECTED&IS_VALIDATED)
+    // Score(Policies : EVER_USER_SELECTED&IS_VALIDATED ; KeepConnected : )
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         final StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner(
                 "&", // delimiter
-                "Score(" + mLegacyInt + " ; KeepConnected : " + mKeepConnectedReason
-                        + " ; Policies : ", // prefix
-                ")"); // suffix
+                "Score(Policies : ", // prefix
+                " ; KeepConnected : " + mKeepConnectedReason + ")"); // suffix
         for (int i = NetworkScore.MIN_AGENT_MANAGED_POLICY;
                 i <= NetworkScore.MAX_AGENT_MANAGED_POLICY; ++i) {
             if (hasPolicy(i)) sj.add(policyNameOf(i));
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitor.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitor.java
index 032612c..df34ce7 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitor.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitor.java
@@ -229,8 +229,8 @@
             @Nullable final NetworkAgentInfo toNai) {
         if (VDBG) {
             Log.d(TAG, "noteLingerDefaultNetwork from=" + fromNai.toShortString()
-                    + " everValidated=" + fromNai.everValidated
-                    + " lastValidated=" + fromNai.lastValidated
+                    + " firstValidated=" + fromNai.getFirstValidationTime()
+                    + " lastValidated=" + fromNai.getCurrentValidationTime()
                     + " to=" + toNai.toShortString());
         }
 
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
         // 1. User connects to wireless printer.
         // 2. User turns on cellular data.
         // 3. We show a notification.
-        if (!fromNai.everValidated) return;
+        if (!fromNai.everValidated()) return;
 
         // If this network is a captive portal, don't notify. This cannot happen on initial connect
         // to a captive portal, because the everValidated check above will fail. However, it can
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
         // because its score changed.
         // TODO: instead of just skipping notification, keep a note of it, and show it if it becomes
         // unvalidated.
-        if (fromNai.lastValidated) return;
+        if (fromNai.isValidated()) return;
 
         if (!isNotificationEnabled(fromNai, toNai)) return;
 
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58196f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java
@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity;
+
+import static android.net.ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI;
+import static android.net.ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.TargetApi;
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.ContentResolver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.IntentFilter;
+import android.content.res.Resources;
+import android.database.ContentObserver;
+import android.net.ConnectivityResources;
+import android.net.Uri;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
+import android.provider.Settings;
+import android.telephony.SubscriptionManager;
+import android.telephony.TelephonyCallback;
+import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.connectivity.resources.R;
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+import com.android.net.module.util.DeviceConfigUtils;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+
+/**
+ * A class to encapsulate management of the "Smart Networking" capability of
+ * avoiding bad Wi-Fi when, for example upstream connectivity is lost or
+ * certain critical link failures occur.
+ *
+ * This enables the device to switch to another form of connectivity, like
+ * mobile, if it's available and working.
+ *
+ * The Runnable |avoidBadWifiCallback|, if given, is posted to the supplied
+ * Handler' whenever the computed "avoid bad wifi" value changes.
+ *
+ * Disabling this reverts the device to a level of networking sophistication
+ * circa 2012-13 by disabling disparate code paths each of which contribute to
+ * maintaining continuous, working Internet connectivity.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class MultinetworkPolicyTracker {
+    private static String TAG = MultinetworkPolicyTracker.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    // See Dependencies#getConfigActivelyPreferBadWifi
+    public static final String CONFIG_ACTIVELY_PREFER_BAD_WIFI = "actively_prefer_bad_wifi";
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final ConnectivityResources mResources;
+    private final Handler mHandler;
+    private final Runnable mAvoidBadWifiCallback;
+    private final List<Uri> mSettingsUris;
+    private final ContentResolver mResolver;
+    private final SettingObserver mSettingObserver;
+    private final BroadcastReceiver mBroadcastReceiver;
+
+    private volatile boolean mAvoidBadWifi = true;
+    private volatile int mMeteredMultipathPreference;
+    private int mActiveSubId = SubscriptionManager.INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID;
+    private volatile long mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Dependencies for testing
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public static class Dependencies {
+        /**
+         * @see DeviceConfigUtils#getDeviceConfigPropertyInt
+         */
+        protected int getConfigActivelyPreferBadWifi() {
+            // CONFIG_ACTIVELY_PREFER_BAD_WIFI is not a feature to be rolled out, but an override
+            // for tests and an emergency kill switch (which could force the behavior on OR off).
+            // As such it uses a -1/null/1 scheme, but features should use
+            // DeviceConfigUtils#isFeatureEnabled instead, to make sure rollbacks disable the
+            // feature before it's ready on R and before.
+            return DeviceConfig.getInt(DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
+                    CONFIG_ACTIVELY_PREFER_BAD_WIFI, 0);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         @see DeviceConfig#addOnPropertiesChangedListener
+         */
+        protected void addOnDevicePropertiesChangedListener(@NonNull final Executor executor,
+                @NonNull final DeviceConfig.OnPropertiesChangedListener listener) {
+            DeviceConfig.addOnPropertiesChangedListener(DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
+                    executor, listener);
+        }
+
+        @VisibleForTesting
+        @NonNull
+        protected Resources getResourcesForActiveSubId(
+                @NonNull final ConnectivityResources resources, final int activeSubId) {
+            return SubscriptionManager.getResourcesForSubId(
+                    resources.getResourcesContext(), activeSubId);
+        }
+    }
+    private final Dependencies mDeps;
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to prefer bad wifi to a network that yields to bad wifis, even if it never validated
+     *
+     * This setting only makes sense if the system is configured not to avoid bad wifis, i.e.
+     * if mAvoidBadWifi is true. If it's not, then no network ever yields to bad wifis
+     * ({@see FullScore#POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI}) and this setting has therefore no effect.
+     *
+     * If this is false, when ranking a bad wifi that never validated against cell data (or any
+     * network that yields to bad wifis), the ranker will prefer cell data. It will prefer wifi
+     * if wifi loses validation later. This behavior avoids the device losing internet access when
+     * walking past a wifi network with no internet access.
+     * This is the default behavior up to Android T, but it can be overridden through an overlay
+     * to behave like below.
+     *
+     * If this is true, then in the same scenario, the ranker will prefer cell data until
+     * the wifi completes its first validation attempt (or the attempt times out after
+     * ConnectivityService#PROMPT_UNVALIDATED_DELAY_MS), then it will prefer the wifi even if it
+     * doesn't provide internet access, unless there is a captive portal on that wifi.
+     * This is the behavior in U and above.
+     */
+    private boolean mActivelyPreferBadWifi;
+
+    // Mainline module can't use internal HandlerExecutor, so add an identical executor here.
+    private static class HandlerExecutor implements Executor {
+        @NonNull
+        private final Handler mHandler;
+
+        HandlerExecutor(@NonNull Handler handler) {
+            mHandler = handler;
+        }
+        @Override
+        public void execute(Runnable command) {
+            if (!mHandler.post(command)) {
+                throw new RejectedExecutionException(mHandler + " is shutting down");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // TODO: Set the mini sdk to 31 and remove @TargetApi annotation when b/205923322 is addressed.
+    @VisibleForTesting @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
+    protected class ActiveDataSubscriptionIdListener extends TelephonyCallback
+            implements TelephonyCallback.ActiveDataSubscriptionIdListener {
+        @Override
+        public void onActiveDataSubscriptionIdChanged(int subId) {
+            mActiveSubId = subId;
+            reevaluateInternal();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public MultinetworkPolicyTracker(Context ctx, Handler handler, Runnable avoidBadWifiCallback) {
+        this(ctx, handler, avoidBadWifiCallback, new Dependencies());
+    }
+
+    public MultinetworkPolicyTracker(Context ctx, Handler handler, Runnable avoidBadWifiCallback,
+            Dependencies deps) {
+        mContext = ctx;
+        mResources = new ConnectivityResources(ctx);
+        mHandler = handler;
+        mAvoidBadWifiCallback = avoidBadWifiCallback;
+        mDeps = deps;
+        mSettingsUris = Arrays.asList(
+                Settings.Global.getUriFor(NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI),
+                Settings.Global.getUriFor(NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE));
+        mResolver = mContext.getContentResolver();
+        mSettingObserver = new SettingObserver();
+        mBroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
+            @Override
+            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+                reevaluateInternal();
+            }
+        };
+
+        updateAvoidBadWifi();
+        updateMeteredMultipathPreference();
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Set the mini sdk to 31 and remove @TargetApi annotation when b/205923322 is addressed.
+    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
+    public void start() {
+        for (Uri uri : mSettingsUris) {
+            mResolver.registerContentObserver(uri, false, mSettingObserver);
+        }
+
+        final IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
+        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED);
+        mContext.registerReceiverForAllUsers(mBroadcastReceiver, intentFilter,
+                null /* broadcastPermission */, mHandler);
+
+        final Executor handlerExecutor = new HandlerExecutor(mHandler);
+        mContext.getSystemService(TelephonyManager.class).registerTelephonyCallback(
+                handlerExecutor, new ActiveDataSubscriptionIdListener());
+        mDeps.addOnDevicePropertiesChangedListener(handlerExecutor,
+                properties -> reevaluateInternal());
+
+        reevaluate();
+    }
+
+    public void shutdown() {
+        mResolver.unregisterContentObserver(mSettingObserver);
+
+        mContext.unregisterReceiver(mBroadcastReceiver);
+    }
+
+    public boolean getAvoidBadWifi() {
+        return mAvoidBadWifi;
+    }
+
+    public boolean getActivelyPreferBadWifi() {
+        return mActivelyPreferBadWifi;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: move this to MultipathPolicyTracker.
+    public int getMeteredMultipathPreference() {
+        return mMeteredMultipathPreference;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether the device or carrier configuration disables avoiding bad wifi by default.
+     */
+    public boolean configRestrictsAvoidBadWifi() {
+        final boolean allowBadWifi = mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs > 0
+                && mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs > System.currentTimeMillis();
+        // If the config returns true, then avoid bad wifi design can be controlled by the
+        // NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI setting.
+        if (allowBadWifi) return true;
+
+        return mDeps.getResourcesForActiveSubId(mResources, mActiveSubId)
+                .getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi) == 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether the device config prefers bad wifi actively, when it doesn't avoid them
+     *
+     * This is only relevant when the device is configured not to avoid bad wifis. In this
+     * case, "actively" preferring a bad wifi means that the device will switch to a bad
+     * wifi it just connected to, as long as it's not a captive portal.
+     *
+     * On U and above this always returns true. On T and below it reads a configuration option.
+     */
+    public boolean configActivelyPrefersBadWifi() {
+        // See the definition of config_activelyPreferBadWifi for a description of its meaning.
+        // On U and above, the config is ignored, and bad wifi is always actively preferred.
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastU()) return true;
+
+        // On T and below, 1 means to actively prefer bad wifi, 0 means not to prefer
+        // bad wifi (only stay stuck on it if already on there). This implementation treats
+        // any non-0 value like 1, on the assumption that anybody setting it non-zero wants
+        // the newer behavior.
+        return 0 != mDeps.getResourcesForActiveSubId(mResources, mActiveSubId)
+                .getInteger(R.integer.config_activelyPreferBadWifi);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Temporarily allow bad wifi to override {@code config_networkAvoidBadWifi} configuration.
+     * The value works when the time set is more than {@link System.currentTimeMillis()}.
+     */
+    public void setTestAllowBadWifiUntil(long timeMs) {
+        Log.d(TAG, "setTestAllowBadWifiUntil: " + timeMs);
+        mTestAllowBadWifiUntilMs = timeMs;
+        reevaluateInternal();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether we should display a notification when wifi becomes unvalidated.
+     */
+    public boolean shouldNotifyWifiUnvalidated() {
+        return configRestrictsAvoidBadWifi() && getAvoidBadWifiSetting() == null;
+    }
+
+    public String getAvoidBadWifiSetting() {
+        return Settings.Global.getString(mResolver, NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether device config says the device should actively prefer bad wifi.
+     *
+     * {@see #configActivelyPrefersBadWifi} for a description of what this does. This device
+     * config overrides that config overlay.
+     *
+     * @return True on Android U and above.
+     *         True if device config says to actively prefer bad wifi.
+     *         False if device config says not to actively prefer bad wifi.
+     *         null if device config doesn't have an opinion (then fall back on the resource).
+     */
+    public Boolean deviceConfigActivelyPreferBadWifi() {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastU()) return true;
+        switch (mDeps.getConfigActivelyPreferBadWifi()) {
+            case 1:
+                return Boolean.TRUE;
+            case -1:
+                return Boolean.FALSE;
+            default:
+                return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public void reevaluate() {
+        mHandler.post(this::reevaluateInternal);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reevaluate the settings. Must be called on the handler thread.
+     */
+    private void reevaluateInternal() {
+        if (updateAvoidBadWifi() && mAvoidBadWifiCallback != null) {
+            mAvoidBadWifiCallback.run();
+        }
+        updateMeteredMultipathPreference();
+    }
+
+    public boolean updateAvoidBadWifi() {
+        final boolean settingAvoidBadWifi = "1".equals(getAvoidBadWifiSetting());
+        final boolean prevAvoid = mAvoidBadWifi;
+        mAvoidBadWifi = settingAvoidBadWifi || !configRestrictsAvoidBadWifi();
+
+        final boolean prevActive = mActivelyPreferBadWifi;
+        final Boolean deviceConfigPreferBadWifi = deviceConfigActivelyPreferBadWifi();
+        if (null == deviceConfigPreferBadWifi) {
+            mActivelyPreferBadWifi = configActivelyPrefersBadWifi();
+        } else {
+            mActivelyPreferBadWifi = deviceConfigPreferBadWifi;
+        }
+
+        return mAvoidBadWifi != prevAvoid || mActivelyPreferBadWifi != prevActive;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The default (device and carrier-dependent) value for metered multipath preference.
+     */
+    public int configMeteredMultipathPreference() {
+        return mDeps.getResourcesForActiveSubId(mResources, mActiveSubId)
+                .getInteger(R.integer.config_networkMeteredMultipathPreference);
+    }
+
+    public void updateMeteredMultipathPreference() {
+        String setting = Settings.Global.getString(mResolver, NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE);
+        try {
+            mMeteredMultipathPreference = Integer.parseInt(setting);
+        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+            mMeteredMultipathPreference = configMeteredMultipathPreference();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class SettingObserver extends ContentObserver {
+        public SettingObserver() {
+            super(null);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Should never be reached.");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onChange(boolean selfChange, Uri uri) {
+            if (!mSettingsUris.contains(uri)) {
+                Log.wtf(TAG, "Unexpected settings observation: " + uri);
+            }
+            reevaluate();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464Xlat.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464Xlat.java
index 7b06682..4e19781 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464Xlat.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464Xlat.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST;
 
 import static com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils.contains;
 
@@ -36,9 +37,12 @@
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
@@ -96,6 +100,7 @@
     private String mIface;
     private Inet6Address mIPv6Address;
     private State mState = State.IDLE;
+    private ClatCoordinator mClatCoordinator;
 
     private boolean mEnableClatOnCellular;
     private boolean mPrefixDiscoveryRunning;
@@ -106,6 +111,7 @@
         mNetd = netd;
         mNetwork = nai;
         mEnableClatOnCellular = deps.getCellular464XlatEnabled();
+        mClatCoordinator = deps.getClatCoordinator(mNetd);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -122,6 +128,11 @@
         final boolean supported = contains(NETWORK_TYPES, nai.networkInfo.getType());
         final boolean connected = contains(NETWORK_STATES, nai.networkInfo.getState());
 
+        // Allow to run clat on test network.
+        // TODO: merge to boolean "supported" once boolean "supported" is migrated to
+        // NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_*.
+        final boolean isTestNetwork = nai.networkCapabilities.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_TEST);
+
         // Only run clat on networks that have a global IPv6 address and don't have a native IPv4
         // address.
         LinkProperties lp = nai.linkProperties;
@@ -132,8 +143,8 @@
         final boolean skip464xlat = (nai.netAgentConfig() != null)
                 && nai.netAgentConfig().skip464xlat;
 
-        return supported && connected && isIpv6OnlyNetwork && !skip464xlat && !nai.destroyed
-                && (nai.networkCapabilities.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
+        return (supported || isTestNetwork) && connected && isIpv6OnlyNetwork && !skip464xlat
+                && !nai.isDestroyed() && (nai.networkCapabilities.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
                 ? isCellular464XlatEnabled() : true);
     }
 
@@ -179,10 +190,18 @@
     private void enterStartingState(String baseIface) {
         mNat64PrefixInUse = selectNat64Prefix();
         String addrStr = null;
-        try {
-            addrStr = mNetd.clatdStart(baseIface, mNat64PrefixInUse.toString());
-        } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Error starting clatd on " + baseIface + ": " + e);
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            try {
+                addrStr = mClatCoordinator.clatStart(baseIface, getNetId(), mNat64PrefixInUse);
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Error starting clatd on " + baseIface + ": " + e);
+            }
+        } else {
+            try {
+                addrStr = mNetd.clatdStart(baseIface, mNat64PrefixInUse.toString());
+            } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Error starting clatd on " + baseIface + ": " + e);
+            }
         }
         mIface = CLAT_PREFIX + baseIface;
         mBaseIface = baseIface;
@@ -256,10 +275,18 @@
         }
 
         Log.i(TAG, "Stopping clatd on " + mBaseIface);
-        try {
-            mNetd.clatdStop(mBaseIface);
-        } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Error stopping clatd on " + mBaseIface + ": " + e);
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            try {
+                mClatCoordinator.clatStop();
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Error stopping clatd on " + mBaseIface + ": " + e);
+            }
+        } else {
+            try {
+                mNetd.clatdStop(mBaseIface);
+            } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Error stopping clatd on " + mBaseIface + ": " + e);
+            }
         }
 
         String iface = mIface;
@@ -506,6 +533,27 @@
         mNetwork.handler().post(() -> handleInterfaceRemoved(iface));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Dump the NAT64 xlat information.
+     *
+     * @param pw print writer.
+     */
+    public void dump(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            // Dump ClatCoordinator information while clatd has been started but not running. The
+            // reason is that it helps to have more information if clatd is started but the
+            // v4-* interface doesn't bring up. See #isStarted, #isRunning.
+            if (isStarted()) {
+                pw.println("ClatCoordinator:");
+                pw.increaseIndent();
+                mClatCoordinator.dump(pw);
+                pw.decreaseIndent();
+            } else {
+                pw.println("<not started>");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         return "mBaseIface: " + mBaseIface + ", mIface: " + mIface + ", mState: " + mState;
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java
index 1fc5a8f..2e92d43 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java
@@ -19,12 +19,14 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityDiagnosticsManager.ConnectivityReport;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_ETHERNET;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.transportNamesOf;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.net.CaptivePortalData;
 import android.net.DscpPolicy;
 import android.net.IDnsResolver;
@@ -59,11 +61,14 @@
 import android.util.Pair;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
 
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
 import com.android.internal.util.WakeupMessage;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService;
 
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -102,7 +107,7 @@
 //    for example:
 //    a. a captive portal is present, or
 //    b. a WiFi router whose Internet backhaul is down, or
-//    c. a wireless connection stops transfering packets temporarily (e.g. device is in elevator
+//    c. a wireless connection stops transferring packets temporarily (e.g. device is in elevator
 //       or tunnel) but does not disconnect from the AP/cell tower, or
 //    d. a stand-alone device offering a WiFi AP without an uplink for configuration purposes.
 // 5. registered, created, connected, validated
@@ -155,7 +160,7 @@
 // the network is no longer considered "lingering". After the linger timer expires, if the network
 // is satisfying one or more background NetworkRequests it is kept up in the background. If it is
 // not, ConnectivityService disconnects the NetworkAgent's AsyncChannel.
-public class NetworkAgentInfo implements Comparable<NetworkAgentInfo>, NetworkRanker.Scoreable {
+public class NetworkAgentInfo implements NetworkRanker.Scoreable {
 
     @NonNull public NetworkInfo networkInfo;
     // This Network object should always be used if possible, so as to encourage reuse of the
@@ -179,45 +184,227 @@
 
     // The capabilities originally announced by the NetworkAgent, regardless of any capabilities
     // that were added or removed due to this network's underlying networks.
-    // Only set if #propagateUnderlyingCapabilities is true.
-    public @Nullable NetworkCapabilities declaredCapabilities;
+    //
+    // As the name implies, these capabilities are not sanitized and are not to
+    // be trusted. Most callers should simply use the {@link networkCapabilities}
+    // field instead.
+    private @Nullable NetworkCapabilities mDeclaredCapabilitiesUnsanitized;
 
-    // Indicates if netd has been told to create this Network. From this point on the appropriate
-    // routing rules are setup and routes are added so packets can begin flowing over the Network.
-    // This is a sticky bit; once set it is never cleared.
-    public boolean created;
-    // Set to true after the first time this network is marked as CONNECTED. Once set, the network
-    // shows up in API calls, is able to satisfy NetworkRequests and can become the default network.
-    // This is a sticky bit; once set it is never cleared.
-    public boolean everConnected;
-    // Whether this network has been destroyed and is being kept temporarily until it is replaced.
-    public boolean destroyed;
-    // To check how long it has been since last roam.
-    public long lastRoamTimestamp;
+    // Timestamp (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()) when netd has been told to create this Network, or
+    // 0 if it hasn't been done yet.
+    // From this point on, the appropriate routing rules are setup and routes are added so packets
+    // can begin flowing over the Network.
+    // This is a sticky value; once set != 0 it is never changed.
+    private long mCreatedTime;
 
-    // Set to true if this Network successfully passed validation or if it did not satisfy the
-    // default NetworkRequest in which case validation will not be attempted.
-    // This is a sticky bit; once set it is never cleared even if future validation attempts fail.
-    public boolean everValidated;
+    /** Notify this NAI that netd was just told to create this network */
+    public void setCreated() {
+        if (0L != mCreatedTime) throw new IllegalStateException("Already created");
+        mCreatedTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+    }
 
-    // The result of the last validation attempt on this network (true if validated, false if not).
-    public boolean lastValidated;
+    /** Returns whether netd was told to create this network */
+    public boolean isCreated() {
+        return mCreatedTime != 0L;
+    }
 
-    // If true, becoming unvalidated will lower the network's score. This is only meaningful if the
-    // system is configured not to do this for certain networks, e.g., if the
-    // config_networkAvoidBadWifi option is set to 0 and the user has not overridden that via
-    // Settings.Global.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI.
-    public boolean avoidUnvalidated;
+    // Get the time (SystemClock.elapsedRealTime) when this network was created (or 0 if never).
+    public long getCreatedTime() {
+        return mCreatedTime;
+    }
 
-    // Whether a captive portal was ever detected on this network.
-    // This is a sticky bit; once set it is never cleared.
-    public boolean everCaptivePortalDetected;
+    // Timestamp of the first time (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()) this network is marked as
+    // connected, or 0 if this network has never been marked connected. Once set to non-zero, the
+    // network shows up in API calls, is able to satisfy NetworkRequests and can become the default
+    // network.
+    // This is a sticky value; once set != 0 it is never changed.
+    private long mConnectedTime;
 
-    // Whether a captive portal was found during the last network validation attempt.
-    public boolean lastCaptivePortalDetected;
+    /** Notify this NAI that this network just connected */
+    public void setConnected() {
+        if (0L != mConnectedTime) throw new IllegalStateException("Already connected");
+        mConnectedTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+    }
 
-    // Set to true when partial connectivity was detected.
-    public boolean partialConnectivity;
+    /** Return whether this network ever connected */
+    public boolean everConnected() {
+        return mConnectedTime != 0L;
+    }
+
+    // Get the time (SystemClock.elapsedRealTime()) when this network was first connected, or 0 if
+    // never.
+    public long getConnectedTime() {
+        return mConnectedTime;
+    }
+
+    // When this network has been destroyed and is being kept temporarily until it is replaced,
+    // this is set to that timestamp (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()). Zero otherwise.
+    private long mDestroyedTime;
+
+    /** Notify this NAI that this network was destroyed */
+    public void setDestroyed() {
+        if (0L != mDestroyedTime) throw new IllegalStateException("Already destroyed");
+        mDestroyedTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+    }
+
+    /** Return whether this network was destroyed */
+    public boolean isDestroyed() {
+        return 0L != mDestroyedTime;
+    }
+
+    // Timestamp of the last roaming (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()) or 0 if never roamed.
+    public long lastRoamTime;
+
+    // Timestamp (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()) of the first time this network successfully
+    // passed validation or was deemed exempt of validation (see
+    // {@link NetworkMonitorUtils#isValidationRequired}). Zero if the network requires
+    // validation but never passed it successfully.
+    // This is a sticky value; once set it is never changed even if further validation attempts are
+    // made (whether they succeed or fail).
+    private long mFirstValidationTime;
+
+    // Timestamp (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()) at which the latest validation attempt succeeded,
+    // or 0 if the latest validation attempt failed.
+    private long mCurrentValidationTime;
+
+    /** Notify this NAI that this network just finished a validation check */
+    public void setValidated(final boolean validated) {
+        final long nowOrZero = validated ? SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() : 0L;
+        if (validated && 0L == mFirstValidationTime) {
+            mFirstValidationTime = nowOrZero;
+        }
+        mCurrentValidationTime = nowOrZero;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether this network is currently validated.
+     *
+     * This is the result of the latest validation check. {@see #getCurrentValidationTime} for
+     * when that check was performed.
+     */
+    public boolean isValidated() {
+        return 0L != mCurrentValidationTime;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether this network ever passed the validation checks successfully.
+     *
+     * Note that the network may no longer be validated at this time ever if this is true.
+     * @see #isValidated
+     */
+    public boolean everValidated() {
+        return 0L != mFirstValidationTime;
+    }
+
+    // Get the time (SystemClock.elapsedRealTime()) when this network was most recently validated,
+    // or 0 if this network was found not to validate on the last attempt.
+    public long getCurrentValidationTime() {
+        return mCurrentValidationTime;
+    }
+
+    // Get the time (SystemClock.elapsedRealTime()) when this network was validated for the first
+    // time (or 0 if never).
+    public long getFirstValidationTime() {
+        return mFirstValidationTime;
+    }
+
+    // Timestamp (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()) at which the user requested this network be
+    // avoided when unvalidated. Zero if this never happened for this network.
+    // This is only meaningful if the system is configured to have some cell networks yield
+    // to bad wifi, e.g., if the config_networkAvoidBadWifi option is set to 0 and the user has
+    // not overridden that via Settings.Global.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI.
+    //
+    // Normally the system always prefers a validated network to a non-validated one, even if
+    // the non-validated one is cheaper. However, some cell networks may be configured by the
+    // setting above to yield to WiFi even if that WiFi network goes bad. When this configuration
+    // is active, specific networks can be marked to override this configuration so that the
+    // system will revert to preferring such a cell to this network when this network goes bad. This
+    // is achieved by calling {@link ConnectivityManager#setAvoidUnvalidated()}, and this field
+    // is set to non-zero when this happened to this network.
+    private long mAvoidUnvalidated;
+
+    /** Set this network as being avoided when unvalidated. {@see mAvoidUnvalidated} */
+    public void setAvoidUnvalidated() {
+        if (0L != mAvoidUnvalidated) throw new IllegalStateException("Already avoided unvalidated");
+        mAvoidUnvalidated = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+    }
+
+    // Get the time (SystemClock.elapsedRealTime()) when this network was set to being avoided
+    // when unvalidated, or 0 if this never happened.
+    public long getAvoidUnvalidated() {
+        return mAvoidUnvalidated;
+    }
+
+    // Timestamp (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()) at which a captive portal was first detected
+    // on this network, or zero if this never happened.
+    // This is a sticky value; once set != 0 it is never changed.
+    private long mFirstCaptivePortalDetectedTime;
+
+    // Timestamp (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()) at which the latest validation attempt found a
+    // captive portal, or zero if the latest attempt didn't find a captive portal.
+    private long mCurrentCaptivePortalDetectedTime;
+
+    /** Notify this NAI that a captive portal has just been detected on this network */
+    public void setCaptivePortalDetected(final boolean hasCaptivePortal) {
+        if (!hasCaptivePortal) {
+            mCurrentCaptivePortalDetectedTime = 0L;
+            return;
+        }
+        final long now = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        if (0L == mFirstCaptivePortalDetectedTime) mFirstCaptivePortalDetectedTime = now;
+        mCurrentCaptivePortalDetectedTime = now;
+    }
+
+    /** Return whether a captive portal has ever been detected on this network */
+    public boolean everCaptivePortalDetected() {
+        return 0L != mFirstCaptivePortalDetectedTime;
+    }
+
+    /** Return whether this network has been detected to be behind a captive portal at the moment */
+    public boolean captivePortalDetected() {
+        return 0L != mCurrentCaptivePortalDetectedTime;
+    }
+
+    // Timestamp (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()) at which the latest validation attempt found
+    // partial connectivity, or zero if the latest attempt didn't find partial connectivity.
+    private long mPartialConnectivityTime;
+
+    public void setPartialConnectivity(final boolean value) {
+        mPartialConnectivityTime = value ? SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() : 0L;
+    }
+
+    /** Return whether this NAI has partial connectivity */
+    public boolean partialConnectivity() {
+        return 0L != mPartialConnectivityTime;
+    }
+
+    // Timestamp (SystemClock.elapsedRealTime()) at which the first validation attempt concluded,
+    // or timed out after {@link ConnectivityService#PROMPT_UNVALIDATED_DELAY_MS}. 0 if not yet.
+    private long mFirstEvaluationConcludedTime;
+
+    /**
+     * Notify this NAI that this network has been evaluated.
+     *
+     * The stack considers that any result finding some working connectivity (valid, partial,
+     * captive portal) is an initial validation. Negative result (not valid), however, is not
+     * considered initial validation until {@link ConnectivityService#PROMPT_UNVALIDATED_DELAY_MS}
+     * have elapsed. This is because some networks may spuriously fail for a short time immediately
+     * after associating. If no positive result is found after the timeout has elapsed, then
+     * the network has been evaluated once.
+     *
+     * @return true the first time this is called on this object, then always returns false.
+     */
+    public boolean setEvaluated() {
+        if (0L != mFirstEvaluationConcludedTime) return false;
+        mFirstEvaluationConcludedTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /** When this network ever concluded its first evaluation, or 0 if this never happened. */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public long getFirstEvaluationConcludedTime() {
+        return mFirstEvaluationConcludedTime;
+    }
 
     // Delay between when the network is disconnected and when the native network is destroyed.
     public int teardownDelayMs;
@@ -234,6 +421,55 @@
     // URL, Terms & Conditions URL, and network friendly name.
     public CaptivePortalData networkAgentPortalData;
 
+    // Indicate whether this device has the automotive feature.
+    private final boolean mHasAutomotiveFeature;
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the capabilities sent by the agent for later retrieval.
+     *
+     * This method does not sanitize the capabilities ; instead, use
+     * {@link #getDeclaredCapabilitiesSanitized} to retrieve a sanitized
+     * copy of the capabilities as they were passed here.
+     *
+     * This method makes a defensive copy to avoid issues where the passed object is later mutated.
+     *
+     * @param caps the caps sent by the agent
+     */
+    public void setDeclaredCapabilities(@NonNull final NetworkCapabilities caps) {
+        mDeclaredCapabilitiesUnsanitized = new NetworkCapabilities(caps);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the latest capabilities sent by the network agent, after sanitizing them.
+     *
+     * These are the capabilities as they were sent by the agent (but sanitized to conform to
+     * their restrictions). They are NOT the capabilities currently applying to this agent ;
+     * for that, use {@link #networkCapabilities}.
+     *
+     * Agents have restrictions on what capabilities they can send to Connectivity. For example,
+     * they can't change the owner UID from what they declared before, and complex restrictions
+     * apply to the allowedUids field.
+     * They also should not mutate immutable capabilities, although for backward-compatibility
+     * this is not enforced and limited to just a log.
+     *
+     * @param carrierPrivilegeAuthenticator the authenticator, to check access UIDs.
+     */
+    public NetworkCapabilities getDeclaredCapabilitiesSanitized(
+            final CarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator carrierPrivilegeAuthenticator) {
+        final NetworkCapabilities nc = new NetworkCapabilities(mDeclaredCapabilitiesUnsanitized);
+        if (nc.hasConnectivityManagedCapability()) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "BUG: " + this + " has CS-managed capability.");
+        }
+        if (networkCapabilities.getOwnerUid() != nc.getOwnerUid()) {
+            Log.e(TAG, toShortString() + ": ignoring attempt to change owner from "
+                    + networkCapabilities.getOwnerUid() + " to " + nc.getOwnerUid());
+            nc.setOwnerUid(networkCapabilities.getOwnerUid());
+        }
+        restrictCapabilitiesFromNetworkAgent(
+                nc, creatorUid, mHasAutomotiveFeature, carrierPrivilegeAuthenticator);
+        return nc;
+    }
+
     // Networks are lingered when they become unneeded as a result of their NetworkRequests being
     // satisfied by a higher-scoring network. so as to allow communication to wrap up before the
     // network is taken down.  This usually only happens to the default network. Lingering ends with
@@ -364,6 +600,8 @@
     private final Handler mHandler;
     private final QosCallbackTracker mQosCallbackTracker;
 
+    private final long mCreationTime;
+
     public NetworkAgentInfo(INetworkAgent na, Network net, NetworkInfo info,
             @NonNull LinkProperties lp, @NonNull NetworkCapabilities nc,
             @NonNull NetworkScore score, Context context,
@@ -396,6 +634,9 @@
         declaredUnderlyingNetworks = (nc.getUnderlyingNetworks() != null)
                 ? nc.getUnderlyingNetworks().toArray(new Network[0])
                 : null;
+        mCreationTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        mHasAutomotiveFeature =
+                mContext.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_AUTOMOTIVE);
     }
 
     private class AgentDeathMonitor implements IBinder.DeathRecipient {
@@ -762,8 +1003,9 @@
             @NonNull final NetworkCapabilities nc) {
         final NetworkCapabilities oldNc = networkCapabilities;
         networkCapabilities = nc;
-        mScore = mScore.mixInScore(networkCapabilities, networkAgentConfig, everValidatedForYield(),
-                yieldToBadWiFi(), destroyed);
+        mScore = mScore.mixInScore(networkCapabilities, networkAgentConfig, everValidated(),
+                0L != getAvoidUnvalidated(), yieldToBadWiFi(),
+                0L != mFirstEvaluationConcludedTime, isDestroyed());
         final NetworkMonitorManager nm = mNetworkMonitor;
         if (nm != null) {
             nm.notifyNetworkCapabilitiesChanged(nc);
@@ -926,13 +1168,13 @@
 
     // Does this network satisfy request?
     public boolean satisfies(NetworkRequest request) {
-        return created &&
-                request.networkCapabilities.satisfiedByNetworkCapabilities(networkCapabilities);
+        return everConnected()
+                && request.networkCapabilities.satisfiedByNetworkCapabilities(networkCapabilities);
     }
 
     public boolean satisfiesImmutableCapabilitiesOf(NetworkRequest request) {
-        return created &&
-                request.networkCapabilities.satisfiedByImmutableNetworkCapabilities(
+        return everConnected()
+                && request.networkCapabilities.satisfiedByImmutableNetworkCapabilities(
                         networkCapabilities);
     }
 
@@ -961,24 +1203,13 @@
         return mScore;
     }
 
-    // Get the current score for this Network.  This may be modified from what the
-    // NetworkAgent sent, as it has modifiers applied to it.
-    public int getCurrentScore() {
-        return mScore.getLegacyInt();
-    }
-
-    // Get the current score for this Network as if it was validated.  This may be modified from
-    // what the NetworkAgent sent, as it has modifiers applied to it.
-    public int getCurrentScoreAsValidated() {
-        return mScore.getLegacyIntAsValidated();
-    }
-
     /**
      * Mix-in the ConnectivityService-managed bits in the score.
      */
     public void setScore(final NetworkScore score) {
         mScore = FullScore.fromNetworkScore(score, networkCapabilities, networkAgentConfig,
-                everValidatedForYield(), yieldToBadWiFi(), destroyed);
+                everValidated(), 0L != getAvoidUnvalidated(), yieldToBadWiFi(),
+                0L != mFirstEvaluationConcludedTime, isDestroyed());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -988,11 +1219,8 @@
      */
     public void updateScoreForNetworkAgentUpdate() {
         mScore = mScore.mixInScore(networkCapabilities, networkAgentConfig,
-                everValidatedForYield(), yieldToBadWiFi(), destroyed);
-    }
-
-    private boolean everValidatedForYield() {
-        return everValidated && !avoidUnvalidated;
+                everValidated(), 0L != getAvoidUnvalidated(), yieldToBadWiFi(),
+                0L != mFirstEvaluationConcludedTime, isDestroyed());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1186,6 +1414,15 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Dump the NAT64 xlat information.
+     *
+     * @param pw print writer.
+     */
+    public void dumpNat464Xlat(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        clatd.dump(pw);
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Sets the most recent ConnectivityReport for this network.
      *
      * <p>This should only be called from the ConnectivityService thread.
@@ -1214,20 +1451,22 @@
      *
      * @param nc the capabilities to sanitize
      * @param creatorUid the UID of the process creating this network agent
+     * @param hasAutomotiveFeature true if this device has the automotive feature, false otherwise
      * @param authenticator the carrier privilege authenticator to check for telephony constraints
      */
     public static void restrictCapabilitiesFromNetworkAgent(@NonNull final NetworkCapabilities nc,
-            final int creatorUid, @NonNull final CarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator authenticator) {
+            final int creatorUid, final boolean hasAutomotiveFeature,
+            @Nullable final CarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator authenticator) {
         if (nc.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_TEST)) {
             nc.restrictCapabilitiesForTestNetwork(creatorUid);
         }
-        if (!areAllowedUidsAcceptableFromNetworkAgent(nc, authenticator)) {
+        if (!areAllowedUidsAcceptableFromNetworkAgent(nc, hasAutomotiveFeature, authenticator)) {
             nc.setAllowedUids(new ArraySet<>());
         }
     }
 
     private static boolean areAllowedUidsAcceptableFromNetworkAgent(
-            @NonNull final NetworkCapabilities nc,
+            @NonNull final NetworkCapabilities nc, final boolean hasAutomotiveFeature,
             @Nullable final CarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator carrierPrivilegeAuthenticator) {
         // NCs without access UIDs are fine.
         if (!nc.hasAllowedUids()) return true;
@@ -1242,6 +1481,11 @@
         // access UIDs
         if (nc.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_TEST)) return true;
 
+        // Factories that make ethernet networks can allow UIDs for automotive devices.
+        if (nc.hasSingleTransport(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET) && hasAutomotiveFeature) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
         // Factories that make cell networks can allow the UID for the carrier service package.
         // This can only work in T where there is support for CarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator
         if (null != carrierPrivilegeAuthenticator
@@ -1252,8 +1496,6 @@
             return true;
         }
 
-        // TODO : accept Railway callers
-
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -1263,15 +1505,19 @@
         return "NetworkAgentInfo{"
                 + "network{" + network + "}  handle{" + network.getNetworkHandle() + "}  ni{"
                 + networkInfo.toShortString() + "} "
+                + "created=" + Instant.ofEpochMilli(mCreationTime) + " "
                 + mScore + " "
-                + (created ? " created" : "")
-                + (destroyed ? " destroyed" : "")
+                + (isCreated() ? " created " + getCreatedTime() : "")
+                + (isDestroyed() ? " destroyed " + mDestroyedTime : "")
                 + (isNascent() ? " nascent" : (isLingering() ? " lingering" : ""))
-                + (everValidated ? " everValidated" : "")
-                + (lastValidated ? " lastValidated" : "")
-                + (partialConnectivity ? " partialConnectivity" : "")
-                + (everCaptivePortalDetected ? " everCaptivePortal" : "")
-                + (lastCaptivePortalDetected ? " isCaptivePortal" : "")
+                + (everValidated() ? " firstValidated " + getFirstValidationTime() : "")
+                + (isValidated() ? " lastValidated " + getCurrentValidationTime() : "")
+                + (partialConnectivity()
+                        ? " partialConnectivity " + mPartialConnectivityTime : "")
+                + (everCaptivePortalDetected()
+                        ? " firstCaptivePortalDetected " + mFirstCaptivePortalDetectedTime : "")
+                + (captivePortalDetected()
+                        ? " currentCaptivePortalDetected " + mCurrentCaptivePortalDetectedTime : "")
                 + (networkAgentConfig.explicitlySelected ? " explicitlySelected" : "")
                 + (networkAgentConfig.acceptUnvalidated ? " acceptUnvalidated" : "")
                 + (networkAgentConfig.acceptPartialConnectivity ? " acceptPartialConnectivity" : "")
@@ -1289,19 +1535,13 @@
      *
      * This is often not enough for debugging purposes for anything complex, but the full form
      * is very long and hard to read, so this is useful when there isn't a lot of ambiguity.
-     * This represents the network with something like "[100 WIFI|VPN]" or "[108 MOBILE]".
+     * This represents the network with something like "[100 WIFI|VPN]" or "[108 CELLULAR]".
      */
     public String toShortString() {
         return "[" + network.getNetId() + " "
                 + transportNamesOf(networkCapabilities.getTransportTypes()) + "]";
     }
 
-    // Enables sorting in descending order of score.
-    @Override
-    public int compareTo(NetworkAgentInfo other) {
-        return other.getCurrentScore() - getCurrentScore();
-    }
-
     /**
      * Null-guarding version of NetworkAgentInfo#toShortString()
      */
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManager.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManager.java
index 155f6c4..45da0ea 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManager.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManager.java
@@ -394,8 +394,9 @@
         Toast.makeText(mContext, text, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
     }
 
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    static String tagFor(int id) {
+    /** Get the logging tag for a notification ID */
+    @VisibleForTesting(visibility = VisibleForTesting.Visibility.PRIVATE)
+    public static String tagFor(int id) {
         return String.format("ConnectivityNotification:%d", id);
     }
 
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkOffer.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkOffer.java
index 1e975dd..eea382e 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkOffer.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkOffer.java
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
@@ -143,6 +144,11 @@
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        return "NetworkOffer [ Score " + score + " Caps " + caps + "]";
+        final ArrayList<Integer> neededRequestIds = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (final NetworkRequest request : mCurrentlyNeeded) {
+            neededRequestIds.add(request.requestId);
+        }
+        return "NetworkOffer [ Provider Id (" + providerId + ") " + score + " Caps "
+                + caps + " Needed by " + neededRequestIds + "]";
     }
 }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRanker.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRanker.java
index babc353..d94c8dc 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRanker.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRanker.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_BLUETOOTH;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_ETHERNET;
@@ -26,8 +27,10 @@
 
 import static com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils.filter;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED;
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_AVOIDED_WHEN_UNVALIDATED;
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_EVER_EVALUATED;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_EVER_USER_SELECTED;
-import static com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD;
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_IS_DESTROYED;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_IS_INVINCIBLE;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_IS_VALIDATED;
@@ -38,18 +41,39 @@
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
 /**
  * A class that knows how to find the best network matching a request out of a list of networks.
  */
 public class NetworkRanker {
+    /**
+     * Home for all configurations of NetworkRanker
+     */
+    public static final class Configuration {
+        private final boolean mActivelyPreferBadWifi;
+
+        public Configuration(final boolean activelyPreferBadWifi) {
+            this.mActivelyPreferBadWifi = activelyPreferBadWifi;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @see MultinetworkPolicyTracker#getActivelyPreferBadWifi()
+         */
+        public boolean activelyPreferBadWifi() {
+            return mActivelyPreferBadWifi;
+        }
+    }
+    @NonNull private volatile Configuration mConf;
+
     // Historically the legacy ints have been 0~100 in principle (though the highest score in
     // AOSP has always been 90). This is relied on by VPNs that send a legacy score of 101.
     public static final int LEGACY_INT_MAX = 100;
@@ -64,7 +88,22 @@
         NetworkCapabilities getCapsNoCopy();
     }
 
-    public NetworkRanker() { }
+    public NetworkRanker(@NonNull final Configuration conf) {
+        // Because mConf is volatile, the only way it could be seen null would be an access to it
+        // on some other thread during this constructor. But this is not possible because mConf is
+        // private and `this` doesn't escape this constructor.
+        setConfiguration(conf);
+    }
+
+    public void setConfiguration(@NonNull final Configuration conf) {
+        mConf = Objects.requireNonNull(conf);
+    }
+
+    // There shouldn't be a use case outside of testing
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public Configuration getConfiguration() {
+        return mConf;
+    }
 
     /**
      * Find the best network satisfying this request among the list of passed networks.
@@ -103,9 +142,42 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private <T extends Scoreable> boolean isBadWiFi(@NonNull final T candidate) {
-        return candidate.getScore().hasPolicy(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD)
-                && candidate.getCapsNoCopy().hasTransport(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+    /**
+     * Returns whether the wifi passed as an argument is a preferred network to yielding cell.
+     *
+     * When comparing bad wifi to cell with POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, it may be necessary to
+     * know if a particular bad wifi is preferred to such a cell network. This method computes
+     * and returns this.
+     *
+     * @param candidate a bad wifi to evaluate
+     * @return whether this candidate is preferred to cell with POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI
+     */
+    private <T extends Scoreable> boolean isPreferredBadWiFi(@NonNull final T candidate) {
+        final FullScore score = candidate.getScore();
+        final NetworkCapabilities caps = candidate.getCapsNoCopy();
+
+        // Whatever the policy, only WiFis can be preferred bad WiFis.
+        if (!caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_WIFI)) return false;
+        // Validated networks aren't bad networks, so a fortiori can't be preferred bad WiFis.
+        if (score.hasPolicy(POLICY_IS_VALIDATED)) return false;
+        // A WiFi that the user explicitly wanted to avoid in UI is never a preferred bad WiFi.
+        if (score.hasPolicy(POLICY_AVOIDED_WHEN_UNVALIDATED)) return false;
+
+        if (mConf.activelyPreferBadWifi()) {
+            // If a network is still evaluating, don't prefer it.
+            if (!score.hasPolicy(POLICY_EVER_EVALUATED)) return false;
+
+            // If a network is not a captive portal, then prefer it.
+            if (!caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL)) return true;
+
+            // If it's a captive portal, prefer it if it previously validated but is no longer
+            // validated (i.e., the user logged in in the past, but later the portal closed).
+            return score.hasPolicy(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED);
+        } else {
+            // Under the original "prefer bad WiFi" policy, only networks that have ever validated
+            // are preferred.
+            return score.hasPolicy(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -128,7 +200,7 @@
             // No network with the policy : do nothing.
             return;
         }
-        if (!CollectionUtils.any(rejected, n -> isBadWiFi(n))) {
+        if (!CollectionUtils.any(rejected, n -> isPreferredBadWiFi(n))) {
             // No bad WiFi : do nothing.
             return;
         }
@@ -138,7 +210,7 @@
             // wifis by the following policies (e.g. exiting).
             final ArrayList<T> acceptedYielders = new ArrayList<>(accepted);
             final ArrayList<T> rejectedWithBadWiFis = new ArrayList<>(rejected);
-            partitionInto(rejectedWithBadWiFis, n -> isBadWiFi(n), accepted, rejected);
+            partitionInto(rejectedWithBadWiFis, n -> isPreferredBadWiFi(n), accepted, rejected);
             accepted.addAll(acceptedYielders);
             return;
         }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
index 62b3add..fd1ed60 100755
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 import static com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils.toIntArray;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
@@ -50,7 +51,6 @@
 import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.UidRange;
 import android.net.Uri;
-import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Process;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
@@ -69,12 +69,12 @@
 import com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.ProcessShimImpl;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.ProcessShim;
 import com.android.server.BpfNetMaps;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -108,10 +108,19 @@
     @GuardedBy("this")
     private final SparseIntArray mUidToNetworkPerm = new SparseIntArray();
 
-    // Keys are active non-bypassable and fully-routed VPN's interface name, Values are uid ranges
-    // for apps under the VPN
+    // NonNull keys are active non-bypassable and fully-routed VPN's interface name, Values are uid
+    // ranges for apps under the VPNs which enable interface filtering.
+    // If key is null, Values are uid ranges for apps under the VPNs which are connected but do not
+    // enable interface filtering.
     @GuardedBy("this")
-    private final Map<String, Set<UidRange>> mVpnUidRanges = new HashMap<>();
+    private final Map<String, Set<UidRange>> mVpnInterfaceUidRanges = new ArrayMap<>();
+
+    // Items are uid ranges for apps under the VPN Lockdown
+    // Ranges were given through ConnectivityManager#setRequireVpnForUids, and ranges are allowed to
+    // have duplicates. Also, it is allowed to give ranges that are already subject to lockdown.
+    // So we need to maintain uid range with multiset.
+    @GuardedBy("this")
+    private final MultiSet<UidRange> mVpnLockdownUidRanges = new MultiSet<>();
 
     // A set of appIds for apps across all users on the device. We track appIds instead of uids
     // directly to reduce its size and also eliminate the need to update this set when user is
@@ -134,7 +143,9 @@
 
     // Store appIds traffic permissions for each user.
     // Keys are users, Values are SparseArrays where each entry maps an appId to the permissions
-    // that appId has within that user.
+    // that appId has within that user. The permissions are a bitmask of PERMISSION_INTERNET and
+    // PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS, or 0 (PERMISSION_NONE) if the app has neither of those
+    // permissions. They can never be PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED.
     @GuardedBy("this")
     private final Map<UserHandle, SparseIntArray> mUsersTrafficPermissions = new ArrayMap<>();
 
@@ -199,6 +210,38 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private static class MultiSet<T> {
+        private final Map<T, Integer> mMap = new ArrayMap<>();
+
+        /**
+         * Returns the number of key in the set before this addition.
+         */
+        public int add(T key) {
+            final int oldCount = mMap.getOrDefault(key, 0);
+            mMap.put(key, oldCount + 1);
+            return oldCount;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return the number of key in the set before this removal.
+         */
+        public int remove(T key) {
+            final int oldCount = mMap.getOrDefault(key, 0);
+            if (oldCount == 0) {
+                Log.wtf(TAG, "Attempt to remove non existing key = " + key.toString());
+            } else if (oldCount == 1) {
+                mMap.remove(key);
+            } else {
+                mMap.put(key, oldCount - 1);
+            }
+            return oldCount;
+        }
+
+        public Set<T> getSet() {
+            return mMap.keySet();
+        }
+    }
+
     public PermissionMonitor(@NonNull final Context context, @NonNull final INetd netd,
             @NonNull final BpfNetMaps bpfNetMaps) {
         this(context, netd, bpfNetMaps, new Dependencies());
@@ -419,7 +462,14 @@
         if (appInfo == null) return false;
         // Check whether package's uid is in allowed on restricted networks uid list. If so, this
         // uid can have netd system permission.
-        return mUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks.contains(appInfo.uid);
+        return isUidAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks(appInfo.uid);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns whether the given uid is in allowed on restricted networks list.
+     */
+    public synchronized boolean isUidAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks(final int uid) {
+        return mUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks.contains(uid);
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -545,17 +595,21 @@
 
         // Remove appIds traffic permission that belongs to the user
         final SparseIntArray removedUserAppIds = mUsersTrafficPermissions.remove(user);
-        // Generate appIds from left users.
+        // Generate appIds from the remaining users.
         final SparseIntArray appIds = makeAppIdsTrafficPermForAllUsers();
+
+        if (removedUserAppIds == null) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "onUserRemoved: Receive unknown user=" + user);
+            return;
+        }
+
         // Clear permission on those appIds belong to this user only, set the permission to
         // PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED.
-        if (removedUserAppIds != null) {
-            for (int i = 0; i < removedUserAppIds.size(); i++) {
-                final int appId = removedUserAppIds.keyAt(i);
-                // Need to clear permission if the removed appId is not found in the array.
-                if (appIds.indexOfKey(appId) < 0) {
-                    appIds.put(appId, PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED);
-                }
+        for (int i = 0; i < removedUserAppIds.size(); i++) {
+            final int appId = removedUserAppIds.keyAt(i);
+            // Need to clear permission if the removed appId is not found in the array.
+            if (appIds.indexOfKey(appId) < 0) {
+                appIds.put(appId, PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED);
             }
         }
         sendAppIdsTrafficPermission(appIds);
@@ -613,16 +667,30 @@
     }
 
     private synchronized void updateVpnUid(int uid, boolean add) {
-        for (Map.Entry<String, Set<UidRange>> vpn : mVpnUidRanges.entrySet()) {
+        // Apps that can use restricted networks can always bypass VPNs.
+        if (hasRestrictedNetworksPermission(uid)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        for (Map.Entry<String, Set<UidRange>> vpn : mVpnInterfaceUidRanges.entrySet()) {
             if (UidRange.containsUid(vpn.getValue(), uid)) {
                 final Set<Integer> changedUids = new HashSet<>();
                 changedUids.add(uid);
-                removeBypassingUids(changedUids, -1 /* vpnAppUid */);
                 updateVpnUidsInterfaceRules(vpn.getKey(), changedUids, add);
             }
         }
     }
 
+    private synchronized void updateLockdownUid(int uid, boolean add) {
+        // Apps that can use restricted networks can always bypass VPNs.
+        if (hasRestrictedNetworksPermission(uid)) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (UidRange.containsUid(mVpnLockdownUidRanges.getSet(), uid)) {
+            updateLockdownUidRule(uid, add);
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * This handles both network and traffic permission, because there is no overlap in actual
      * values, where network permission is NETWORK or SYSTEM, and traffic permission is INTERNET
@@ -650,7 +718,6 @@
     }
 
     private synchronized void updateAppIdTrafficPermission(int uid) {
-        final int appId = UserHandle.getAppId(uid);
         final int uidTrafficPerm = getTrafficPermissionForUid(uid);
         final SparseIntArray userTrafficPerms =
                 mUsersTrafficPermissions.get(UserHandle.getUserHandleForUid(uid));
@@ -661,6 +728,7 @@
         // Do not put PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED into the array. If no package left on the uid
         // (PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED), remove the appId from the array. Otherwise, update the latest
         // permission to the appId.
+        final int appId = UserHandle.getAppId(uid);
         if (uidTrafficPerm == PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED) {
             userTrafficPerms.delete(appId);
         } else {
@@ -716,13 +784,14 @@
 
         // If the newly-installed package falls within some VPN's uid range, update Netd with it.
         // This needs to happen after the mUidToNetworkPerm update above, since
-        // removeBypassingUids() in updateVpnUid() depends on mUidToNetworkPerm to check if the
-        // package can bypass VPN.
+        // hasRestrictedNetworksPermission() in updateVpnUid() and updateLockdownUid() depends on
+        // mUidToNetworkPerm to check if the package can bypass VPN.
         updateVpnUid(uid, true /* add */);
+        updateLockdownUid(uid, true /* add */);
         mAllApps.add(appId);
 
         // Log package added.
-        mPermissionUpdateLogs.log("Package add: name=" + packageName + ", uid=" + uid
+        mPermissionUpdateLogs.log("Package add: uid=" + uid
                 + ", nPerm=(" + permissionToString(permission) + "/"
                 + permissionToString(currentPermission) + ")"
                 + ", tPerm=" + permissionToString(appIdTrafficPerm));
@@ -762,9 +831,10 @@
 
         // If the newly-removed package falls within some VPN's uid range, update Netd with it.
         // This needs to happen before the mUidToNetworkPerm update below, since
-        // removeBypassingUids() in updateVpnUid() depends on mUidToNetworkPerm to check if the
-        // package can bypass VPN.
+        // hasRestrictedNetworksPermission() in updateVpnUid() and updateLockdownUid() depends on
+        // mUidToNetworkPerm to check if the package can bypass VPN.
         updateVpnUid(uid, false /* add */);
+        updateLockdownUid(uid, false /* add */);
         // If the package has been removed from all users on the device, clear it form mAllApps.
         if (mPackageManager.getNameForUid(uid) == null) {
             mAllApps.remove(appId);
@@ -774,7 +844,7 @@
         final int permission = highestUidNetworkPermission(uid);
 
         // Log package removed.
-        mPermissionUpdateLogs.log("Package remove: name=" + packageName + ", uid=" + uid
+        mPermissionUpdateLogs.log("Package remove: uid=" + uid
                 + ", nPerm=(" + permissionToString(permission) + "/"
                 + permissionToString(currentPermission) + ")"
                 + ", tPerm=" + permissionToString(appIdTrafficPerm));
@@ -846,48 +916,100 @@
     /**
      * Called when a new set of UID ranges are added to an active VPN network
      *
-     * @param iface The active VPN network's interface name
+     * @param iface The active VPN network's interface name. Null iface indicates that the app is
+     *              allowed to receive packets on all interfaces.
      * @param rangesToAdd The new UID ranges to be added to the network
      * @param vpnAppUid The uid of the VPN app
      */
-    public synchronized void onVpnUidRangesAdded(@NonNull String iface, Set<UidRange> rangesToAdd,
+    public synchronized void onVpnUidRangesAdded(@Nullable String iface, Set<UidRange> rangesToAdd,
             int vpnAppUid) {
         // Calculate the list of new app uids under the VPN due to the new UID ranges and update
         // Netd about them. Because mAllApps only contains appIds instead of uids, the result might
         // be an overestimation if an app is not installed on the user on which the VPN is running,
-        // but that's safe.
+        // but that's safe: if an app is not installed, it cannot receive any packets, so dropping
+        // packets to that UID is fine.
         final Set<Integer> changedUids = intersectUids(rangesToAdd, mAllApps);
         removeBypassingUids(changedUids, vpnAppUid);
         updateVpnUidsInterfaceRules(iface, changedUids, true /* add */);
-        if (mVpnUidRanges.containsKey(iface)) {
-            mVpnUidRanges.get(iface).addAll(rangesToAdd);
+        if (mVpnInterfaceUidRanges.containsKey(iface)) {
+            mVpnInterfaceUidRanges.get(iface).addAll(rangesToAdd);
         } else {
-            mVpnUidRanges.put(iface, new HashSet<UidRange>(rangesToAdd));
+            mVpnInterfaceUidRanges.put(iface, new HashSet<UidRange>(rangesToAdd));
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * Called when a set of UID ranges are removed from an active VPN network
      *
-     * @param iface The VPN network's interface name
+     * @param iface The VPN network's interface name. Null iface indicates that the app is allowed
+     *              to receive packets on all interfaces.
      * @param rangesToRemove Existing UID ranges to be removed from the VPN network
      * @param vpnAppUid The uid of the VPN app
      */
-    public synchronized void onVpnUidRangesRemoved(@NonNull String iface,
+    public synchronized void onVpnUidRangesRemoved(@Nullable String iface,
             Set<UidRange> rangesToRemove, int vpnAppUid) {
         // Calculate the list of app uids that are no longer under the VPN due to the removed UID
         // ranges and update Netd about them.
         final Set<Integer> changedUids = intersectUids(rangesToRemove, mAllApps);
         removeBypassingUids(changedUids, vpnAppUid);
         updateVpnUidsInterfaceRules(iface, changedUids, false /* add */);
-        Set<UidRange> existingRanges = mVpnUidRanges.getOrDefault(iface, null);
+        Set<UidRange> existingRanges = mVpnInterfaceUidRanges.getOrDefault(iface, null);
         if (existingRanges == null) {
             loge("Attempt to remove unknown vpn uid Range iface = " + iface);
             return;
         }
         existingRanges.removeAll(rangesToRemove);
         if (existingRanges.size() == 0) {
-            mVpnUidRanges.remove(iface);
+            mVpnInterfaceUidRanges.remove(iface);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called when UID ranges under VPN Lockdown are updated
+     *
+     * @param add {@code true} if the uids are to be added to the Lockdown, {@code false} if they
+     *        are to be removed from the Lockdown.
+     * @param ranges The updated UID ranges under VPN Lockdown. This function does not treat the VPN
+     *               app's UID in any special way. The caller is responsible for excluding the VPN
+     *               app UID from the passed-in ranges.
+     *               Ranges can have duplications and/or contain the range that is already subject
+     *               to lockdown. However, ranges can not have overlaps with other ranges including
+     *               ranges that are currently subject to lockdown.
+     */
+    public synchronized void updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(boolean add, UidRange[] ranges) {
+        final Set<UidRange> affectedUidRanges = new HashSet<>();
+
+        for (final UidRange range : ranges) {
+            if (add) {
+                // Rule will be added if mVpnLockdownUidRanges does not have this uid range entry
+                // currently.
+                if (mVpnLockdownUidRanges.add(range) == 0) {
+                    affectedUidRanges.add(range);
+                }
+            } else {
+                // Rule will be removed if the number of the range in the set is 1 before the
+                // removal.
+                if (mVpnLockdownUidRanges.remove(range) == 1) {
+                    affectedUidRanges.add(range);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // mAllApps only contains appIds instead of uids. So the generated uid list might contain
+        // apps that are installed only on some users but not others. But that's safe: if an app is
+        // not installed, it cannot receive any packets, so dropping packets to that UID is fine.
+        final Set<Integer> affectedUids = intersectUids(affectedUidRanges, mAllApps);
+
+        // We skip adding rule to privileged apps and allow them to bypass incoming packet
+        // filtering. The behaviour is consistent with how lockdown works for outgoing packets, but
+        // the implementation is different: while ConnectivityService#setRequireVpnForUids does not
+        // exclude privileged apps from the prohibit routing rules used to implement outgoing packet
+        // filtering, privileged apps can still bypass outgoing packet filtering because the
+        // prohibit rules observe the protected from VPN bit.
+        for (final int uid: affectedUids) {
+            if (!hasRestrictedNetworksPermission(uid)) {
+                updateLockdownUidRule(uid, add);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -926,7 +1048,7 @@
      */
     private void removeBypassingUids(Set<Integer> uids, int vpnAppUid) {
         uids.remove(vpnAppUid);
-        uids.removeIf(uid -> mUidToNetworkPerm.get(uid, PERMISSION_NONE) == PERMISSION_SYSTEM);
+        uids.removeIf(this::hasRestrictedNetworksPermission);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -935,6 +1057,7 @@
      *
      * This is to instruct netd to set up appropriate filtering rules for these uids, such that they
      * can only receive ingress packets from the VPN's tunnel interface (and loopback).
+     * Null iface set up a wildcard rule that allow app to receive packets on all interfaces.
      *
      * @param iface the interface name of the active VPN connection
      * @param add {@code true} if the uids are to be added to the interface, {@code false} if they
@@ -955,6 +1078,14 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private void updateLockdownUidRule(int uid, boolean add) {
+        try {
+            mBpfNetMaps.updateUidLockdownRule(uid, add);
+        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
+            loge("Failed to " + (add ? "add" : "remove") + " Lockdown rule: " + e);
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Send the updated permission information to netd. Called upon package install/uninstall.
      *
@@ -984,10 +1115,6 @@
      */
     @VisibleForTesting
     void sendAppIdsTrafficPermission(SparseIntArray netdPermissionsAppIds) {
-        if (mNetd == null) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get the netd service");
-            return;
-        }
         final ArrayList<Integer> allPermissionAppIds = new ArrayList<>();
         final ArrayList<Integer> internetPermissionAppIds = new ArrayList<>();
         final ArrayList<Integer> updateStatsPermissionAppIds = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -1046,8 +1173,14 @@
 
     /** Should only be used by unit tests */
     @VisibleForTesting
-    public Set<UidRange> getVpnUidRanges(String iface) {
-        return mVpnUidRanges.get(iface);
+    public Set<UidRange> getVpnInterfaceUidRanges(String iface) {
+        return mVpnInterfaceUidRanges.get(iface);
+    }
+
+    /** Should only be used by unit tests */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public Set<UidRange> getVpnLockdownUidRanges() {
+        return mVpnLockdownUidRanges.getSet();
     }
 
     private synchronized void onSettingChanged() {
@@ -1112,7 +1245,7 @@
     public void dump(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
         pw.println("Interface filtering rules:");
         pw.increaseIndent();
-        for (Map.Entry<String, Set<UidRange>> vpn : mVpnUidRanges.entrySet()) {
+        for (Map.Entry<String, Set<UidRange>> vpn : mVpnInterfaceUidRanges.entrySet()) {
             pw.println("Interface: " + vpn.getKey());
             pw.println("UIDs: " + vpn.getValue().toString());
             pw.println();
@@ -1120,6 +1253,14 @@
         pw.decreaseIndent();
 
         pw.println();
+        pw.println("Lockdown filtering rules:");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
+        for (final UidRange range : mVpnLockdownUidRanges.getSet()) {
+            pw.println("UIDs: " + range);
+        }
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
+
+        pw.println();
         pw.println("Update logs:");
         pw.increaseIndent();
         mPermissionUpdateLogs.reverseDump(pw);
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ProfileNetworkPreferenceList.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ProfileNetworkPreferenceList.java
index 71f342d..5bafef9 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ProfileNetworkPreferenceList.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/ProfileNetworkPreferenceList.java
@@ -70,23 +70,33 @@
     /**
      * Returns a new object consisting of this object plus the passed preference.
      *
-     * If a preference already exists for the same user, it will be replaced by the passed
-     * preference. Passing a Preference object containing a null capabilities object is equivalent
-     * to (and indeed, implemented as) removing the preference for this user.
+     * It is not expected that unwanted preference already exists for the same user.
+     * All preferences for the user that were previously configured should be cleared before
+     * adding a new preference.
+     * Passing a Preference object containing a null capabilities object is equivalent
+     * to removing the preference for this user.
      */
     public ProfileNetworkPreferenceList plus(@NonNull final Preference pref) {
-        final ArrayList<Preference> newPrefs = new ArrayList<>();
-        for (final Preference existingPref : preferences) {
-            if (!existingPref.user.equals(pref.user)) {
-                newPrefs.add(existingPref);
-            }
-        }
+        final ArrayList<Preference> newPrefs = new ArrayList<>(preferences);
         if (null != pref.capabilities) {
             newPrefs.add(pref);
         }
         return new ProfileNetworkPreferenceList(newPrefs);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Remove all preferences corresponding to a user.
+     */
+    public ProfileNetworkPreferenceList withoutUser(UserHandle user) {
+        final ArrayList<Preference> newPrefs = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (final Preference existingPref : preferences) {
+            if (!existingPref.user.equals(user)) {
+                newPrefs.add(existingPref);
+            }
+        }
+        return new ProfileNetworkPreferenceList(newPrefs);
+    }
+
     public boolean isEmpty() {
         return preferences.isEmpty();
     }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/QosCallbackAgentConnection.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/QosCallbackAgentConnection.java
index 534dbe7..e682026 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/QosCallbackAgentConnection.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/QosCallbackAgentConnection.java
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 import android.telephony.data.NrQosSessionAttributes;
 import android.util.Log;
 
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+
 import java.util.Objects;
 
 /**
@@ -149,6 +151,7 @@
 
     void sendEventEpsQosSessionAvailable(final QosSession session,
             final EpsBearerQosSessionAttributes attributes) {
+        if (!validateOrSendErrorAndUnregister()) return;
         try {
             if (DBG) log("sendEventEpsQosSessionAvailable: sending...");
             mCallback.onQosEpsBearerSessionAvailable(session, attributes);
@@ -159,6 +162,7 @@
 
     void sendEventNrQosSessionAvailable(final QosSession session,
             final NrQosSessionAttributes attributes) {
+        if (!validateOrSendErrorAndUnregister()) return;
         try {
             if (DBG) log("sendEventNrQosSessionAvailable: sending...");
             mCallback.onNrQosSessionAvailable(session, attributes);
@@ -168,6 +172,7 @@
     }
 
     void sendEventQosSessionLost(@NonNull final QosSession session) {
+        if (!validateOrSendErrorAndUnregister()) return;
         try {
             if (DBG) log("sendEventQosSessionLost: sending...");
             mCallback.onQosSessionLost(session);
@@ -185,6 +190,21 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private boolean validateOrSendErrorAndUnregister() {
+        final int exceptionType = mFilter.validate();
+        if (exceptionType != EX_TYPE_FILTER_NONE) {
+             log("validation fail before sending QosCallback.");
+             // Error callback is returned from Android T to prevent any disruption of application
+             // running on Android S.
+             if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+                sendEventQosCallbackError(exceptionType);
+                mQosCallbackTracker.unregisterCallback(mCallback);
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
     private static void log(@NonNull final String msg) {
         Log.d(TAG, msg);
     }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/QosCallbackTracker.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/QosCallbackTracker.java
index b6ab47b..336a399 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/QosCallbackTracker.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/QosCallbackTracker.java
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
     private final Handler mConnectivityServiceHandler;
 
     @NonNull
-    private final ConnectivityService.PerUidCounter mNetworkRequestCounter;
+    private final ConnectivityService.RequestInfoPerUidCounter mNetworkRequestCounter;
 
     /**
      * Each agent gets a unique callback id that is used to proxy messages back to the original
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
      *                              uid
      */
     public QosCallbackTracker(@NonNull final Handler connectivityServiceHandler,
-            final ConnectivityService.PerUidCounter networkRequestCounter) {
+            final ConnectivityService.RequestInfoPerUidCounter networkRequestCounter) {
         mConnectivityServiceHandler = connectivityServiceHandler;
         mNetworkRequestCounter = networkRequestCounter;
     }
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/net/DelayedDiskWrite.java b/service/src/com/android/server/net/DelayedDiskWrite.java
index 35dc455..41cb419 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/net/DelayedDiskWrite.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/net/DelayedDiskWrite.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.Log;
 
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+
 import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
 import java.io.DataOutputStream;
 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
@@ -32,11 +34,42 @@
 public class DelayedDiskWrite {
     private static final String TAG = "DelayedDiskWrite";
 
+    private final Dependencies mDeps;
+
     private HandlerThread mDiskWriteHandlerThread;
     private Handler mDiskWriteHandler;
     /* Tracks multiple writes on the same thread */
     private int mWriteSequence = 0;
 
+    public DelayedDiskWrite() {
+        this(new Dependencies());
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    DelayedDiskWrite(Dependencies deps) {
+        mDeps = deps;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dependencies class of DelayedDiskWrite, used for injection in tests.
+     */
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static class Dependencies {
+        /**
+         * Create a HandlerThread to use in DelayedDiskWrite.
+         */
+        public HandlerThread makeHandlerThread() {
+            return new HandlerThread("DelayedDiskWriteThread");
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Quit the HandlerThread looper.
+         */
+        public void quitHandlerThread(HandlerThread handlerThread) {
+            handlerThread.getLooper().quit();
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Used to do a delayed data write to a given {@link OutputStream}.
      */
@@ -65,7 +98,7 @@
         /* Do a delayed write to disk on a separate handler thread */
         synchronized (this) {
             if (++mWriteSequence == 1) {
-                mDiskWriteHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("DelayedDiskWriteThread");
+                mDiskWriteHandlerThread = mDeps.makeHandlerThread();
                 mDiskWriteHandlerThread.start();
                 mDiskWriteHandler = new Handler(mDiskWriteHandlerThread.getLooper());
             }
@@ -99,9 +132,9 @@
             // Quit if no more writes sent
             synchronized (this) {
                 if (--mWriteSequence == 0) {
-                    mDiskWriteHandler.getLooper().quit();
-                    mDiskWriteHandler = null;
+                    mDeps.quitHandlerThread(mDiskWriteHandlerThread);
                     mDiskWriteHandlerThread = null;
+                    mDiskWriteHandler = null;
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/tests/common/Android.bp b/tests/common/Android.bp
index 509e881..5c9cc63 100644
--- a/tests/common/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/common/Android.bp
@@ -21,9 +21,22 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
 }
 
+// The target SDK version of the "latest released SDK" CTS tests.
+// This should be updated soon after a new SDK level is finalized.
+// It is different from the target SDK version of production code (e.g., the Tethering,
+// NetworkStack, and CaptivePortalLogin APKs):
+// - The target SDK of production code influences the behaviour of the production code.
+// - The target SDK of the CTS tests validates the behaviour seen by apps that call production APIs.
+// - The behaviour seen by apps that target previous SDKs is tested by previous CTS versions
+//   (currently, CTS 10, 11, and 12).
+java_defaults {
+    name: "ConnectivityTestsLatestSdkDefaults",
+    target_sdk_version: "33",
+}
+
 java_library {
     name: "FrameworksNetCommonTests",
-    defaults: ["framework-connectivity-test-defaults"],
+    defaults: ["framework-connectivity-internal-test-defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "java/**/*.java",
         "java/**/*.kt",
@@ -49,6 +62,7 @@
 // jarjar stops at the first matching rule, so order of concatenation affects the output.
 genrule {
     name: "ConnectivityCoverageJarJarRules",
+    defaults: ["jarjar-rules-combine-defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "tethering-jni-jarjar-rules.txt",
         ":connectivity-jarjar-rules",
@@ -56,8 +70,6 @@
         ":NetworkStackJarJarRules",
     ],
     out: ["jarjar-rules-connectivity-coverage.txt"],
-    // Concat files with a line break in the middle
-    cmd: "for src in $(in); do cat $${src}; echo; done > $(out)",
     visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
 }
 
@@ -81,10 +93,10 @@
     name: "ConnectivityCoverageTests",
     // Tethering started on SDK 30
     min_sdk_version: "30",
-    target_sdk_version: "31",
     test_suites: ["general-tests", "mts-tethering"],
     defaults: [
-        "framework-connectivity-test-defaults",
+        "ConnectivityTestsLatestSdkDefaults",
+        "framework-connectivity-internal-test-defaults",
         "FrameworksNetTests-jni-defaults",
         "libnetworkstackutilsjni_deps",
     ],
@@ -140,6 +152,30 @@
     ],
 }
 
+// defaults for tests that need to build against framework-connectivity's @hide APIs, but also
+// using fully @hide classes that are jarjared (because they have no API member). Similar to
+// framework-connectivity-test-defaults above but uses pre-jarjar class names.
+// Only usable from targets that have visibility on framework-connectivity-pre-jarjar, and apply
+// connectivity jarjar rules so that references to jarjared classes still match: this is limited to
+// connectivity internal tests only.
+java_defaults {
+    name: "framework-connectivity-internal-test-defaults",
+    sdk_version: "core_platform", // tests can use @CorePlatformApi's
+    libs: [
+        // order matters: classes in framework-connectivity are resolved before framework,
+        // meaning @hide APIs in framework-connectivity are resolved before @SystemApi
+        // stubs in framework
+        "framework-connectivity-pre-jarjar",
+        "framework-connectivity-t-pre-jarjar",
+        "framework-tethering.impl",
+        "framework",
+
+        // if sdk_version="" this gets automatically included, but here we need to add manually.
+        "framework-res",
+    ],
+    defaults_visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity/tests:__subpackages__"],
+}
+
 // Defaults for tests that want to run in mainline-presubmit.
 // Not widely used because many of our tests have AndroidTest.xml files and
 // use the mainline-param config-descriptor metadata in AndroidTest.xml.
diff --git a/tests/common/AndroidTest_Coverage.xml b/tests/common/AndroidTest_Coverage.xml
index d4898b2..48d26b8 100644
--- a/tests/common/AndroidTest_Coverage.xml
+++ b/tests/common/AndroidTest_Coverage.xml
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@
 -->
 <configuration description="Runs coverage tests for Connectivity">
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.TestAppInstallSetup">
-        <option name="test-file-name" value="ConnectivityCoverageTests.apk" />
+      <option name="test-file-name" value="ConnectivityCoverageTests.apk" />
+      <option name="install-arg" value="-t" />
     </target_preparer>
 
     <option name="test-tag" value="ConnectivityCoverageTests" />
diff --git a/tests/common/java/android/net/EthernetNetworkManagementExceptionTest.java b/tests/common/java/android/net/EthernetNetworkManagementExceptionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84b6e54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/common/java/android/net/EthernetNetworkManagementExceptionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+import static com.android.testutils.ParcelUtils.assertParcelingIsLossless;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2) // TODO: Use to Build.VERSION_CODES.SC_V2 when available
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@SmallTest
+public class EthernetNetworkManagementExceptionTest {
+    private static final String ERROR_MESSAGE = "Test error message";
+
+    @Test
+    public void testEthernetNetworkManagementExceptionParcelable() {
+        final EthernetNetworkManagementException e =
+                new EthernetNetworkManagementException(ERROR_MESSAGE);
+
+        assertParcelingIsLossless(e);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testEthernetNetworkManagementExceptionHasExpectedErrorMessage() {
+        final EthernetNetworkManagementException e =
+                new EthernetNetworkManagementException(ERROR_MESSAGE);
+
+        assertEquals(ERROR_MESSAGE, e.getMessage());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/common/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java b/tests/common/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java
index 8fc636a..5ee375f 100644
--- a/tests/common/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java
+++ b/tests/common/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 import static android.net.RouteInfo.RTN_UNICAST;
 import static android.net.RouteInfo.RTN_UNREACHABLE;
 
-import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 import static com.android.testutils.ParcelUtils.assertParcelingIsLossless;
 import static com.android.testutils.ParcelUtils.parcelingRoundTrip;
 
@@ -37,21 +36,23 @@
 import android.system.OsConstants;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
 
-import androidx.core.os.BuildCompat;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.LinkPropertiesUtils.CompareResult;
 import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreAfter;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
+import com.android.testutils.filters.CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk31;
 
 import libcore.junit.util.compat.CoreCompatChangeRule.DisableCompatChanges;
 import libcore.junit.util.compat.CoreCompatChangeRule.EnableCompatChanges;
 
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.rules.RuleChain;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
@@ -67,11 +68,13 @@
 @SmallTest
 @ConnectivityModuleTest
 public class LinkPropertiesTest {
+    // Use a RuleChain to explicitly specify the order of rules. DevSdkIgnoreRule must run before
+    // PlatformCompatChange rule, because otherwise tests with that should be skipped when targeting
+    // target SDK 33 will still attempt to override compat changes (which on user builds will crash)
+    // before being skipped.
     @Rule
-    public final DevSdkIgnoreRule ignoreRule = new DevSdkIgnoreRule();
-
-    @Rule
-    public final PlatformCompatChangeRule compatChangeRule = new PlatformCompatChangeRule();
+    public final RuleChain chain = RuleChain.outerRule(
+            new DevSdkIgnoreRule()).around(new PlatformCompatChangeRule());
 
     private static final InetAddress ADDRV4 = address("75.208.6.1");
     private static final InetAddress ADDRV6 = address("2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334");
@@ -111,11 +114,6 @@
         return InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(addrString);
     }
 
-    private static boolean isAtLeastR() {
-        // BuildCompat.isAtLeastR is documented to return false on release SDKs (including R)
-        return Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.Q || BuildCompat.isAtLeastR();
-    }
-
     private void checkEmpty(final LinkProperties lp) {
         assertEquals(0, lp.getAllInterfaceNames().size());
         assertEquals(0, lp.getAllAddresses().size());
@@ -136,7 +134,7 @@
         assertFalse(lp.isIpv6Provisioned());
         assertFalse(lp.isPrivateDnsActive());
 
-        if (isAtLeastR()) {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastR()) {
             assertNull(lp.getDhcpServerAddress());
             assertFalse(lp.isWakeOnLanSupported());
             assertNull(lp.getCaptivePortalApiUrl());
@@ -163,7 +161,7 @@
         lp.setMtu(MTU);
         lp.setTcpBufferSizes(TCP_BUFFER_SIZES);
         lp.setNat64Prefix(new IpPrefix("2001:db8:0:64::/96"));
-        if (isAtLeastR()) {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastR()) {
             lp.setDhcpServerAddress(DHCPSERVER);
             lp.setWakeOnLanSupported(true);
             lp.setCaptivePortalApiUrl(CAPPORT_API_URL);
@@ -207,7 +205,7 @@
         assertTrue(source.isIdenticalTcpBufferSizes(target));
         assertTrue(target.isIdenticalTcpBufferSizes(source));
 
-        if (isAtLeastR()) {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastR()) {
             assertTrue(source.isIdenticalDhcpServerAddress(target));
             assertTrue(source.isIdenticalDhcpServerAddress(source));
 
@@ -1261,7 +1259,21 @@
         assertFalse(lp.hasIpv4UnreachableDefaultRoute());
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk31(reason = "Compat change cannot be overridden when targeting T+")
+    @EnableCompatChanges({LinkProperties.EXCLUDED_ROUTES})
+    public void testHasExcludeRoute() {
+        LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
+        lp.setInterfaceName("tun0");
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV4, 24), RTN_UNICAST));
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV6, 0), RTN_UNICAST));
+        assertFalse(lp.hasExcludeRoute());
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV6, 32), RTN_THROW));
+        assertTrue(lp.hasExcludeRoute());
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk31(reason = "Compat change cannot be overridden when targeting T+")
     @EnableCompatChanges({LinkProperties.EXCLUDED_ROUTES})
     public void testRouteAddWithSameKey() throws Exception {
         LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
@@ -1278,35 +1290,73 @@
         assertEquals(2, lp.getRoutes().size());
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
-    @EnableCompatChanges({LinkProperties.EXCLUDED_ROUTES})
-    public void testExcludedRoutesEnabled() {
+    private void assertExcludeRoutesVisible() {
         final LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
         assertEquals(0, lp.getRoutes().size());
 
-        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV4, 0), RTN_UNREACHABLE));
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV4, 31), RTN_UNREACHABLE));
         assertEquals(1, lp.getRoutes().size());
 
-        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV6, 0), RTN_THROW));
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV6, 127), RTN_THROW));
         assertEquals(2, lp.getRoutes().size());
 
         lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY1));
         assertEquals(3, lp.getRoutes().size());
+
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(DNS6, 127), RTN_UNICAST));
+        assertEquals(4, lp.getRoutes().size());
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
-    @DisableCompatChanges({LinkProperties.EXCLUDED_ROUTES})
-    public void testExcludedRoutesDisabled() {
+    private void assertExcludeRoutesNotVisible() {
         final LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
         assertEquals(0, lp.getRoutes().size());
 
-        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV4, 0), RTN_UNREACHABLE));
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV4, 31), RTN_UNREACHABLE));
         assertEquals(0, lp.getRoutes().size());
 
-        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV6, 5), RTN_THROW));
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV6, 127), RTN_THROW));
         assertEquals(0, lp.getRoutes().size());
 
-        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(ADDRV6, 2), RTN_UNICAST));
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY1));
         assertEquals(1, lp.getRoutes().size());
+
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(DNS6, 127), RTN_UNICAST));
+        assertEquals(2, lp.getRoutes().size());
+    }
+
+    private void checkExcludeRoutesNotVisibleAfterS() {
+        if (!SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            // RTN_THROW routes are visible on R and S when added by the caller (but they are not
+            // added by the system except for legacy VPN).
+            // This is uncommon usage but was tested by CTSr12.
+            assertExcludeRoutesVisible();
+        } else {
+            assertExcludeRoutesNotVisible();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk31(reason = "Testing behaviour for target SDK 31")
+    public void testExcludedRoutesNotVisibleOnTargetSdk31() {
+        checkExcludeRoutesNotVisibleAfterS();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testExcludedRoutesVisibleOnTargetSdk33AndAbove() {
+        assertExcludeRoutesVisible();
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk31(reason = "Compat change cannot be overridden when targeting T+")
+    @EnableCompatChanges({LinkProperties.EXCLUDED_ROUTES})
+    public void testExcludedRoutesEnabledByCompatChange() {
+        assertExcludeRoutesVisible();
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk31(reason = "Compat change cannot be overridden when targeting T+")
+    @DisableCompatChanges({LinkProperties.EXCLUDED_ROUTES})
+    public void testExcludedRoutesDisabledByCompatChange() {
+        checkExcludeRoutesNotVisibleAfterS();
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/common/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java b/tests/common/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java
index 9ae5fab..c30e1d3 100644
--- a/tests/common/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java
+++ b/tests/common/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java
@@ -82,12 +82,11 @@
 import android.util.ArraySet;
 import android.util.Range;
 
-import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
-
 import com.android.testutils.CompatUtil;
 import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
 
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
@@ -99,8 +98,12 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
 
-@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+// NetworkCapabilities is only updatable on S+, and this test covers behavior which implementation
+// is self-contained within NetworkCapabilities.java, so it does not need to be run on, or
+// compatible with, earlier releases.
+@IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
 @ConnectivityModuleTest
 public class NetworkCapabilitiesTest {
     private static final String TEST_SSID = "TEST_SSID";
@@ -489,7 +492,7 @@
         assertTrue(netCap.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED));
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @Test
     public void testOemPrivate() {
         NetworkCapabilities nc = new NetworkCapabilities();
         // By default OEM_PRIVATE is neither in the required or forbidden lists and the network is
@@ -516,7 +519,7 @@
         assertFalse(nr.satisfiedByNetworkCapabilities(new NetworkCapabilities()));
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @Test
     public void testForbiddenCapabilities() {
         NetworkCapabilities network = new NetworkCapabilities();
 
@@ -630,7 +633,7 @@
         return new Range<Integer>(from, to);
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
+    @Test
     public void testSetAdministratorUids() {
         NetworkCapabilities nc =
                 new NetworkCapabilities().setAdministratorUids(new int[] {2, 1, 3});
@@ -638,7 +641,7 @@
         assertArrayEquals(new int[] {1, 2, 3}, nc.getAdministratorUids());
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
+    @Test
     public void testSetAdministratorUidsWithDuplicates() {
         try {
             new NetworkCapabilities().setAdministratorUids(new int[] {1, 1});
@@ -750,7 +753,7 @@
                 () -> nc2.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI));
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R) // New behavior in updatable NetworkCapabilities (S+)
+    @Test
     public void testSetNetworkSpecifierOnTestMultiTransportNc() {
         final NetworkSpecifier specifier = CompatUtil.makeEthernetNetworkSpecifier("eth0");
         NetworkCapabilities nc = new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
@@ -859,7 +862,7 @@
         assertEquals(TRANSPORT_TEST, transportTypes[3]);
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
+    @Test
     public void testTelephonyNetworkSpecifier() {
         final TelephonyNetworkSpecifier specifier = new TelephonyNetworkSpecifier(1);
         final NetworkCapabilities nc1 = new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
@@ -970,7 +973,7 @@
         assertEquals(specifier, nc.getNetworkSpecifier());
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
+    @Test
     public void testAdministratorUidsAndOwnerUid() {
         // Test default owner uid.
         // If the owner uid is not set, the default value should be Process.INVALID_UID.
@@ -1014,7 +1017,7 @@
         return nc;
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @Test
     public void testSubIds() throws Exception {
         final NetworkCapabilities ncWithoutId = capsWithSubIds();
         final NetworkCapabilities ncWithId = capsWithSubIds(TEST_SUBID1);
@@ -1036,7 +1039,7 @@
         assertTrue(requestWithoutId.canBeSatisfiedBy(ncWithId));
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @Test
     public void testEqualsSubIds() throws Exception {
         assertEquals(capsWithSubIds(), capsWithSubIds());
         assertNotEquals(capsWithSubIds(), capsWithSubIds(TEST_SUBID1));
@@ -1185,7 +1188,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
+    @Test
     public void testBuilder() {
         final int ownerUid = 1001;
         final int signalStrength = -80;
@@ -1255,7 +1258,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @Test
     public void testBuilderWithoutDefaultCap() {
         final NetworkCapabilities nc =
                 NetworkCapabilities.Builder.withoutDefaultCapabilities().build();
@@ -1266,12 +1269,12 @@
         assertEquals(0, nc.getCapabilities().length);
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @Test
     public void testRestrictCapabilitiesForTestNetworkByNotOwnerWithNonRestrictedNc() {
         testRestrictCapabilitiesForTestNetworkWithNonRestrictedNc(false /* isOwner */);
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @Test
     public void testRestrictCapabilitiesForTestNetworkByOwnerWithNonRestrictedNc() {
         testRestrictCapabilitiesForTestNetworkWithNonRestrictedNc(true /* isOwner */);
     }
@@ -1316,12 +1319,12 @@
         assertEquals(expectedNcBuilder.build(), nonRestrictedNc);
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @Test
     public void testRestrictCapabilitiesForTestNetworkByNotOwnerWithRestrictedNc() {
         testRestrictCapabilitiesForTestNetworkWithRestrictedNc(false /* isOwner */);
     }
 
-    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    @Test
     public void testRestrictCapabilitiesForTestNetworkByOwnerWithRestrictedNc() {
         testRestrictCapabilitiesForTestNetworkWithRestrictedNc(true /* isOwner */);
     }
diff --git a/tests/common/java/android/net/NetworkProviderTest.kt b/tests/common/java/android/net/NetworkProviderTest.kt
index 3ceacf8..c0e7f61 100644
--- a/tests/common/java/android/net/NetworkProviderTest.kt
+++ b/tests/common/java/android/net/NetworkProviderTest.kt
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 import android.os.Looper
 import android.util.Log
 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel.isAtLeastS
 import com.android.net.module.util.ArrayTrackRecord
 import com.android.testutils.CompatUtil
 import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest
@@ -38,7 +39,6 @@
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkOfferCallback
-import com.android.testutils.isDevSdkInRange
 import org.junit.After
 import org.junit.Before
 import org.junit.Rule
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
         doReturn(mCm).`when`(mockContext).getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE)
         val provider = createNetworkProvider(mockContext)
         // ConnectivityManager not required at creation time after R
-        if (!isDevSdkInRange(0, Build.VERSION_CODES.R)) {
+        if (isAtLeastS()) {
             verifyNoMoreInteractions(mockContext)
         }
 
diff --git a/tests/common/java/android/net/metrics/IpConnectivityLogTest.java b/tests/common/java/android/net/metrics/IpConnectivityLogTest.java
index ab97f2d..93cf748 100644
--- a/tests/common/java/android/net/metrics/IpConnectivityLogTest.java
+++ b/tests/common/java/android/net/metrics/IpConnectivityLogTest.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.timeout;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 
 import android.net.ConnectivityMetricsEvent;
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
     private static final int FAKE_NET_ID = 100;
     private static final int[] FAKE_TRANSPORT_TYPES = unpackBits(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
     private static final long FAKE_TIME_STAMP = System.currentTimeMillis();
+    private static final long THREAD_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000L;
     private static final String FAKE_INTERFACE_NAME = "test";
     private static final IpReachabilityEvent FAKE_EV =
             new IpReachabilityEvent(IpReachabilityEvent.NUD_FAILED);
@@ -93,22 +94,26 @@
 
         final int nCallers = 10;
         final int nEvents = 10;
+        final Thread[] threads = new Thread[nCallers];
         for (int n = 0; n < nCallers; n++) {
             final int i = n;
-            new Thread() {
-                public void run() {
-                    for (int j = 0; j < nEvents; j++) {
-                        assertTrue(logger.log(makeExpectedEvent(
-                                FAKE_TIME_STAMP + i * 100 + j,
-                                FAKE_NET_ID + i * 100 + j,
-                                ((i + j) % 2 == 0) ? TRANSPORT_WIFI : TRANSPORT_CELLULAR,
-                                FAKE_INTERFACE_NAME)));
-                    }
+            threads[i] = new Thread(() -> {
+                for (int j = 0; j < nEvents; j++) {
+                    assertTrue(logger.log(makeExpectedEvent(
+                            FAKE_TIME_STAMP + i * 100 + j,
+                            FAKE_NET_ID + i * 100 + j,
+                            ((i + j) % 2 == 0) ? TRANSPORT_WIFI : TRANSPORT_CELLULAR,
+                            FAKE_INTERFACE_NAME)));
                 }
-            }.start();
+            });
+            threads[i].start();
+        }
+        // To ensure the events have been sent out on each thread. Wait for the thread to die.
+        for (Thread thread : threads) {
+            thread.join(THREAD_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
-        List<ConnectivityMetricsEvent> got = verifyEvents(nCallers * nEvents, 200);
+        final List<ConnectivityMetricsEvent> got = verifyEvents(nCallers * nEvents);
         Collections.sort(got, EVENT_COMPARATOR);
         Iterator<ConnectivityMetricsEvent> iter = got.iterator();
         for (int i = 0; i < nCallers; i++) {
@@ -123,17 +128,13 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private List<ConnectivityMetricsEvent> verifyEvents(int n, int timeoutMs) throws Exception {
+    private List<ConnectivityMetricsEvent> verifyEvents(int n) throws Exception {
         ArgumentCaptor<ConnectivityMetricsEvent> captor =
                 ArgumentCaptor.forClass(ConnectivityMetricsEvent.class);
-        verify(mMockService, timeout(timeoutMs).times(n)).logEvent(captor.capture());
+        verify(mMockService, times(n)).logEvent(captor.capture());
         return captor.getAllValues();
     }
 
-    private List<ConnectivityMetricsEvent> verifyEvents(int n) throws Exception {
-        return verifyEvents(n, 10);
-    }
-
 
     private ConnectivityMetricsEvent makeExpectedEvent(long timestamp, int netId, long transports,
             String ifname) {
diff --git a/tests/common/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkStatsCollectionTest.kt b/tests/common/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkStatsCollectionTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..368a519
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/common/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkStatsCollectionTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net.netstats
+
+import android.net.NetworkIdentity
+import android.net.NetworkStatsCollection
+import android.net.NetworkStatsHistory
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
+import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
+import com.android.testutils.SC_V2
+import org.junit.Rule
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.junit.runners.JUnit4
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+import kotlin.test.fail
+
+@ConnectivityModuleTest
+@RunWith(JUnit4::class)
+@SmallTest
+class NetworkStatsCollectionTest {
+    @Rule
+    @JvmField
+    val ignoreRule = DevSdkIgnoreRule(ignoreClassUpTo = SC_V2)
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBuilder() {
+        val ident = setOf<NetworkIdentity>()
+        val key1 = NetworkStatsCollection.Key(ident, /* uid */ 0, /* set */ 0, /* tag */ 0)
+        val key2 = NetworkStatsCollection.Key(ident, /* uid */ 1, /* set */ 0, /* tag */ 0)
+        val bucketDuration = 10L
+        val entry1 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(10, 10, 40, 4, 50, 5, 60)
+        val entry2 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(30, 10, 3, 41, 7, 1, 0)
+        val history1 = NetworkStatsHistory.Builder(10, 5)
+                .addEntry(entry1)
+                .addEntry(entry2)
+                .build()
+        val history2 = NetworkStatsHistory(10, 5)
+        val actualCollection = NetworkStatsCollection.Builder(bucketDuration)
+                .addEntry(key1, history1)
+                .addEntry(key2, history2)
+                .build()
+
+        // The builder will omit any entry with empty history. Thus, only history1
+        // is expected in the result collection.
+        val actualEntries = actualCollection.entries
+        assertEquals(1, actualEntries.size)
+        val actualHistory = actualEntries[key1] ?: fail("There should be an entry for $key1")
+        assertEquals(history1.entries, actualHistory.entries)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/common/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkStatsHistoryTest.kt b/tests/common/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkStatsHistoryTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6c9f3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/common/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkStatsHistoryTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net.netstats
+
+import android.net.NetworkStatsHistory
+import android.text.format.DateUtils
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
+import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
+import com.android.testutils.SC_V2
+import org.junit.Rule
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.junit.runners.JUnit4
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+
+@ConnectivityModuleTest
+@RunWith(JUnit4::class)
+@SmallTest
+class NetworkStatsHistoryTest {
+    @Rule
+    @JvmField
+    val ignoreRule = DevSdkIgnoreRule(ignoreClassUpTo = SC_V2)
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBuilder() {
+        val entry1 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(10, 30, 40, 4, 50, 5, 60)
+        val entry2 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(30, 15, 3, 41, 7, 1, 0)
+        val entry3 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(7, 301, 11, 14, 31, 2, 80)
+        val statsEmpty = NetworkStatsHistory
+                .Builder(DateUtils.HOUR_IN_MILLIS, /* initialCapacity */ 10).build()
+        assertEquals(0, statsEmpty.entries.size)
+        assertEquals(DateUtils.HOUR_IN_MILLIS, statsEmpty.bucketDuration)
+        val statsSingle = NetworkStatsHistory
+                .Builder(DateUtils.HOUR_IN_MILLIS, /* initialCapacity */ 8)
+                .addEntry(entry1)
+                .build()
+        statsSingle.assertEntriesEqual(entry1)
+        assertEquals(DateUtils.HOUR_IN_MILLIS, statsSingle.bucketDuration)
+
+        val statsMultiple = NetworkStatsHistory
+                .Builder(DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS, /* initialCapacity */ 0)
+                .addEntry(entry1).addEntry(entry2).addEntry(entry3)
+                .build()
+        assertEquals(DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS, statsMultiple.bucketDuration)
+        // Verify the entries exist and sorted.
+        statsMultiple.assertEntriesEqual(entry3, entry1, entry2)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBuilderSortAndDeduplicate() {
+        val entry1 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(10, 30, 40, 4, 50, 5, 60)
+        val entry2 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(30, 15, 3, 41, 7, 1, 0)
+        val entry3 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(30, 999, 11, 14, 31, 2, 80)
+        val entry4 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(10, 15, 1, 17, 5, 33, 10)
+        val entry5 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(6, 1, 9, 11, 29, 1, 7)
+
+        // Entries for verification.
+        // Note that active time of 2 + 3 is truncated to bucket duration since the active time
+        // should not go over bucket duration.
+        val entry2and3 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(30, 1000, 14, 55, 38, 3, 80)
+        val entry1and4 = NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(10, 45, 41, 21, 55, 38, 70)
+
+        val statsMultiple = NetworkStatsHistory
+                .Builder(DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS, /* initialCapacity */ 0)
+                .addEntry(entry1).addEntry(entry2).addEntry(entry3)
+                .addEntry(entry4).addEntry(entry5).build()
+        assertEquals(DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS, statsMultiple.bucketDuration)
+        // Verify the entries sorted and deduplicated.
+        statsMultiple.assertEntriesEqual(entry5, entry1and4, entry2and3)
+    }
+
+    fun NetworkStatsHistory.assertEntriesEqual(vararg entries: NetworkStatsHistory.Entry) {
+        assertEquals(entries.size, this.entries.size)
+        entries.forEachIndexed { i, element ->
+            assertEquals(element, this.entries[i])
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/common/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkTemplateTest.kt b/tests/common/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkTemplateTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..192694b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/common/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkTemplateTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net.netstats
+
+import android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL
+import android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_ALL
+import android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_YES
+import android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_YES
+import android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_ALL
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_BLUETOOTH
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_CARRIER
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_ETHERNET
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_PROXY
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_WIFI
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_WIFI_WILDCARD
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate.NETWORK_TYPE_ALL
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate.OEM_MANAGED_ALL
+import android.telephony.TelephonyManager
+import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStatsUtils.SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL
+import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStatsUtils.SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT
+import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
+import com.android.testutils.SC_V2
+import org.junit.Rule
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.junit.runners.JUnit4
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+import kotlin.test.assertFailsWith
+
+private const val TEST_IMSI1 = "imsi"
+private const val TEST_WIFI_KEY1 = "wifiKey1"
+private const val TEST_WIFI_KEY2 = "wifiKey2"
+
+@RunWith(JUnit4::class)
+@ConnectivityModuleTest
+class NetworkTemplateTest {
+    @Rule
+    @JvmField
+    val ignoreRule = DevSdkIgnoreRule(ignoreClassUpTo = SC_V2)
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBuilderMatchRules() {
+        // Verify unknown match rules cannot construct templates.
+        listOf(Integer.MIN_VALUE, -1, Integer.MAX_VALUE).forEach {
+            assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
+                NetworkTemplate.Builder(it).build()
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Verify hidden match rules cannot construct templates.
+        listOf(MATCH_WIFI_WILDCARD, MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD, MATCH_PROXY).forEach {
+            assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
+                NetworkTemplate.Builder(it).build()
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Verify template which matches metered cellular and carrier networks with
+        // the given IMSI. See buildTemplateMobileAll and buildTemplateCarrierMetered.
+        listOf(MATCH_MOBILE, MATCH_CARRIER).forEach { matchRule ->
+            NetworkTemplate.Builder(matchRule).setSubscriberIds(setOf(TEST_IMSI1))
+                    .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build().let {
+                        val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(matchRule, TEST_IMSI1,
+                                arrayOf(TEST_IMSI1), arrayOf<String>(), METERED_YES,
+                                ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
+                                OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT)
+                        assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
+                    }
+        }
+
+        // Verify template which matches roaming cellular and carrier networks with
+        // the given IMSI.
+        listOf(MATCH_MOBILE, MATCH_CARRIER).forEach { matchRule ->
+            NetworkTemplate.Builder(matchRule).setSubscriberIds(setOf(TEST_IMSI1))
+                    .setRoaming(ROAMING_YES).setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build().let {
+                        val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(matchRule, TEST_IMSI1,
+                                arrayOf(TEST_IMSI1), arrayOf<String>(), METERED_YES,
+                                ROAMING_YES, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
+                                OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT)
+                        assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
+                    }
+        }
+
+        // Verify carrier template cannot be created without IMSI.
+        assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
+            NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_CARRIER).build()
+        }
+
+        // Verify template which matches metered cellular networks,
+        // regardless of IMSI. See buildTemplateMobileWildcard.
+        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE).setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build().let {
+            val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD, null /*subscriberId*/,
+                    null /*subscriberIds*/, arrayOf<String>(),
+                    METERED_YES, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
+                    OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL)
+            assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
+        }
+
+        // Verify template which matches metered cellular networks and ratType.
+        // See NetworkTemplate#buildTemplateMobileWithRatType.
+        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE).setSubscriberIds(setOf(TEST_IMSI1))
+                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).setRatType(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS)
+                .build().let {
+                    val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_MOBILE, TEST_IMSI1,
+                            arrayOf(TEST_IMSI1), arrayOf<String>(), METERED_YES,
+                            ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS,
+                            OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT)
+                    assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
+                }
+
+        // Verify template which matches all wifi networks,
+        // regardless of Wifi Network Key. See buildTemplateWifiWildcard and buildTemplateWifi.
+        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).build().let {
+            val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_WIFI_WILDCARD, null /*subscriberId*/,
+                    null /*subscriberIds*/, arrayOf<String>(),
+                    METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
+                    OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL)
+            assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
+        }
+
+        // Verify template which matches wifi networks with the given Wifi Network Key.
+        // See buildTemplateWifi(wifiNetworkKey).
+        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1)).build().let {
+            val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_WIFI, null /*subscriberId*/,
+                    null /*subscriberIds*/, arrayOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1),
+                    METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
+                    OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL)
+            assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
+        }
+
+        // Verify template which matches all wifi networks with the
+        // given Wifi Network Key, and IMSI. See buildTemplateWifi(wifiNetworkKey, subscriberId).
+        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setSubscriberIds(setOf(TEST_IMSI1))
+                .setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1)).build().let {
+                    val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_WIFI, TEST_IMSI1,
+                            arrayOf(TEST_IMSI1), arrayOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1),
+                            METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
+                            OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT)
+                    assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
+                }
+
+        // Verify template which matches ethernet and bluetooth networks.
+        // See buildTemplateEthernet and buildTemplateBluetooth.
+        listOf(MATCH_ETHERNET, MATCH_BLUETOOTH).forEach { matchRule ->
+            NetworkTemplate.Builder(matchRule).build().let {
+                val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(matchRule, null /*subscriberId*/,
+                        null /*subscriberIds*/, arrayOf<String>(),
+                        METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
+                        OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL)
+                assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testBuilderWifiNetworkKeys() {
+        // Verify template builder which generates same template with the given different
+        // sequence keys.
+        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setWifiNetworkKeys(
+                setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1, TEST_WIFI_KEY2)).build().let {
+            val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setWifiNetworkKeys(
+                    setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY2, TEST_WIFI_KEY1)).build()
+            assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
+        }
+
+        // Verify template which matches non-wifi networks with the given key is invalid.
+        listOf(MATCH_MOBILE, MATCH_CARRIER, MATCH_ETHERNET, MATCH_BLUETOOTH, -1,
+                Integer.MAX_VALUE).forEach { matchRule ->
+            assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
+                NetworkTemplate.Builder(matchRule).setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1)).build()
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Verify template which matches wifi networks with the given null key is invalid.
+        assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
+            NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf(null)).build()
+        }
+
+        // Verify template which matches wifi wildcard with the given empty key set.
+        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf<String>()).build().let {
+            val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_WIFI_WILDCARD, null /*subscriberId*/,
+                    arrayOf<String>() /*subscriberIds*/, arrayOf<String>(),
+                    METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
+                    OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL)
+            assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/OWNERS b/tests/cts/OWNERS
index 875b4a2..089d06f 100644
--- a/tests/cts/OWNERS
+++ b/tests/cts/OWNERS
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
 # Bug template url: http://b/new?component=31808
 set noparent
 file:platform/packages/modules/Connectivity:master:/OWNERS_core_networking_xts
+
+# Only temporary ownership to improve ethernet code quality (b/236280707)
+# TODO: remove by 12/31/2022
+per-file net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetManagerTest.kt = prohr@google.com #{LAST_RESORT_SUGGESTION}
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp
index b684068..47ea53e 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp
@@ -34,4 +34,10 @@
         "general-tests",
         "sts"
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":CtsHostsideNetworkTestsApp",
+        ":CtsHostsideNetworkTestsApp2",
+        ":CtsHostsideNetworkTestsAppNext",
+    ],
+    per_testcase_directory: true,
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/TEST_MAPPING b/tests/cts/hostside/TEST_MAPPING
index fcec483..ab6de82 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@
       "name": "CtsHostsideNetworkTests",
       "options": [
         {
-          "include-filter": "com.android.cts.net.HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests"
-        },
-        {
           "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.FlakyTest"
         },
         {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/IMyService.aidl b/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/IMyService.aidl
index 28437c2..e7b2815 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/IMyService.aidl
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/IMyService.aidl
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@
     void sendNotification(int notificationId, String notificationType);
     void registerNetworkCallback(in NetworkRequest request, in INetworkCallback cb);
     void unregisterNetworkCallback();
-    void scheduleJob(in JobInfo jobInfo);
+    int scheduleJob(in JobInfo jobInfo);
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/IRemoteSocketFactory.aidl b/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/IRemoteSocketFactory.aidl
index 68176ad..6986e7e 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/IRemoteSocketFactory.aidl
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/IRemoteSocketFactory.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 interface IRemoteSocketFactory {
     ParcelFileDescriptor openSocketFd(String host, int port, int timeoutMs);
+    ParcelFileDescriptor openDatagramSocketFd();
     String getPackageName();
     int getUid();
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java
index f460180..108a86e 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
 
+import static android.app.job.JobScheduler.RESULT_SUCCESS;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.ACTION_RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_CHANGED;
 import static android.os.BatteryManager.BATTERY_PLUGGED_AC;
 import static android.os.BatteryManager.BATTERY_PLUGGED_USB;
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@
 import android.os.BatteryManager;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.os.RemoteCallback;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig;
 import android.service.notification.NotificationListenerService;
@@ -140,6 +142,7 @@
 
     private static final int ACTIVITY_NETWORK_STATE_TIMEOUT_MS = 6_000;
     private static final int JOB_NETWORK_STATE_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000;
+    private static final int LAUNCH_ACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000;
 
     // Must be higher than NETWORK_TIMEOUT_MS
     private static final int ORDERED_BROADCAST_TIMEOUT_MS = NETWORK_TIMEOUT_MS * 4;
@@ -151,7 +154,7 @@
 
     protected static final long TEMP_POWERSAVE_WHITELIST_DURATION_MS = 20_000; // 20 sec
 
-    private static final long BROADCAST_TIMEOUT_MS = 15_000;
+    private static final long BROADCAST_TIMEOUT_MS = 5_000;
 
     protected Context mContext;
     protected Instrumentation mInstrumentation;
@@ -216,7 +219,10 @@
             Log.d(TAG, "Expecting count " + expectedCount + " but actual is " + count + " after "
                     + attempts + " attempts; sleeping "
                     + SLEEP_TIME_SEC + " seconds before trying again");
-            SystemClock.sleep(SLEEP_TIME_SEC * SECOND_IN_MS);
+            // No sleep after the last turn
+            if (attempts <= maxAttempts) {
+                SystemClock.sleep(SLEEP_TIME_SEC * SECOND_IN_MS);
+            }
         } while (attempts <= maxAttempts);
         assertEquals("Number of expected broadcasts for " + receiverName + " not reached after "
                 + maxAttempts * SLEEP_TIME_SEC + " seconds", expectedCount, count);
@@ -327,7 +333,10 @@
             }
             Log.d(TAG, "App not on background state (" + state + ") on attempt #" + i
                     + "; sleeping 1s before trying again");
-            SystemClock.sleep(SECOND_IN_MS);
+            // No sleep after the last turn
+            if (i < maxTries) {
+                SystemClock.sleep(SECOND_IN_MS);
+            }
         }
         fail("App2 (" + mUid + ") is not on background state after "
                 + maxTries + " attempts: " + state);
@@ -346,7 +355,10 @@
             Log.d(TAG, "App not on foreground state on attempt #" + i
                     + "; sleeping 1s before trying again");
             turnScreenOn();
-            SystemClock.sleep(SECOND_IN_MS);
+            // No sleep after the last turn
+            if (i < maxTries) {
+                SystemClock.sleep(SECOND_IN_MS);
+            }
         }
         fail("App2 (" + mUid + ") is not on foreground state after "
                 + maxTries + " attempts: " + state);
@@ -364,7 +376,10 @@
             }
             Log.d(TAG, "App not on foreground service state on attempt #" + i
                     + "; sleeping 1s before trying again");
-            SystemClock.sleep(SECOND_IN_MS);
+            // No sleep after the last turn
+            if (i < maxTries) {
+                SystemClock.sleep(SECOND_IN_MS);
+            }
         }
         fail("App2 (" + mUid + ") is not on foreground service state after "
                 + maxTries + " attempts: " + state);
@@ -505,7 +520,10 @@
             Log.v(TAG, "Command '" + command + "' returned '" + result + " instead of '"
                     + checker.getExpected() + "' on attempt #" + i
                     + "; sleeping " + napTimeSeconds + "s before trying again");
-            SystemClock.sleep(napTimeSeconds * SECOND_IN_MS);
+            // No sleep after the last turn
+            if (i < maxTries) {
+                SystemClock.sleep(napTimeSeconds * SECOND_IN_MS);
+            }
         }
         fail("Command '" + command + "' did not return '" + checker.getExpected() + "' after "
                 + maxTries
@@ -577,7 +595,10 @@
             }
             Log.v(TAG, list + " check for uid " + uid + " doesn't match yet (expected "
                     + expected + ", got " + actual + "); sleeping 1s before polling again");
-            SystemClock.sleep(SECOND_IN_MS);
+            // No sleep after the last turn
+            if (i < maxTries) {
+                SystemClock.sleep(SECOND_IN_MS);
+            }
         }
         fail(list + " check for uid " + uid + " failed: expected " + expected + ", got " + actual
                 + ". Full list: " + uids);
@@ -737,7 +758,8 @@
 
     protected void assertAppIdle(boolean enabled) throws Exception {
         try {
-            assertDelayedShellCommand("am get-inactive " + TEST_APP2_PKG, 15, 2, "Idle=" + enabled);
+            assertDelayedShellCommand("am get-inactive " + TEST_APP2_PKG,
+                    30 /* maxTries */, 1 /* napTimeSeconds */, "Idle=" + enabled);
         } catch (Throwable e) {
             throw e;
         }
@@ -764,7 +786,10 @@
                 return;
             }
             Log.v(TAG, "app2 receiver is not ready yet; sleeping 1s before polling again");
-            SystemClock.sleep(SECOND_IN_MS);
+            // No sleep after the last turn
+            if (i < maxTries) {
+                SystemClock.sleep(SECOND_IN_MS);
+            }
         }
         fail("app2 receiver is not ready in " + mUid);
     }
@@ -801,6 +826,22 @@
         mDeviceIdleDeviceConfigStateHelper.restoreOriginalValues();
     }
 
+    protected void launchActivity() throws Exception {
+        turnScreenOn();
+        final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        final Intent launchIntent = getIntentForComponent(TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTIY);
+        final RemoteCallback callback = new RemoteCallback(result -> latch.countDown());
+        launchIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REMOTE_CALLBACK, callback);
+        mContext.startActivity(launchIntent);
+        // There might be a race when app2 is launched but ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY has not registered
+        // before test calls finishActivity(). When the issue is happened, there is no way to fix
+        // it, so have a callback design to make sure that the app is launched completely and
+        // ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY will be registered before leaving this method.
+        if (!latch.await(LAUNCH_ACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
+            fail("Timed out waiting for launching activity");
+        }
+    }
+
     protected void launchComponentAndAssertNetworkAccess(int type) throws Exception {
         launchComponentAndAssertNetworkAccess(type, true);
     }
@@ -813,8 +854,6 @@
             return;
         } else if (type == TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTIY) {
             turnScreenOn();
-            // Wait for screen-on state to propagate through the system.
-            SystemClock.sleep(2000);
             final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
             final Intent launchIntent = getIntentForComponent(type);
             final Bundle extras = new Bundle();
@@ -855,7 +894,8 @@
                     .setRequiredNetworkType(JobInfo.NETWORK_TYPE_ANY)
                     .setTransientExtras(extras)
                     .build();
-            mServiceClient.scheduleJob(jobInfo);
+            assertEquals("Error scheduling " + jobInfo,
+                    RESULT_SUCCESS, mServiceClient.scheduleJob(jobInfo));
             forceRunJob(TEST_APP2_PKG, TEST_JOB_ID);
             if (latch.await(JOB_NETWORK_STATE_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
                 final int resultCode = result.get(0).first;
@@ -896,7 +936,7 @@
         final Intent intent = new Intent();
         if (type == TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTIY) {
             intent.setComponent(new ComponentName(TEST_APP2_PKG, TEST_APP2_ACTIVITY_CLASS))
-                    .setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
+                    .setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP);
         } else if (type == TYPE_COMPONENT_FOREGROUND_SERVICE) {
             intent.setComponent(new ComponentName(TEST_APP2_PKG, TEST_APP2_SERVICE_CLASS))
                     .setFlags(1);
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ConnOnActivityStartTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ConnOnActivityStartTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..10775d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ConnOnActivityStartTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+
+
+import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.getUiDevice;
+import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
+import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.APP_STANDBY_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DOZE_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
+
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+@RequiredProperties({NON_METERED_NETWORK})
+public class ConnOnActivityStartTest extends AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase {
+    private static final int TEST_ITERATION_COUNT = 5;
+
+    @Before
+    public final void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+        resetDeviceState();
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public final void tearDown() throws Exception {
+        super.tearDown();
+        resetDeviceState();
+    }
+
+    private void resetDeviceState() throws Exception {
+        resetBatteryState();
+        setBatterySaverMode(false);
+        setRestrictBackground(false);
+        setAppIdle(false);
+        setDozeMode(false);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    @RequiredProperties({BATTERY_SAVER_MODE})
+    public void testStartActivity_batterySaver() throws Exception {
+        setBatterySaverMode(true);
+        assertLaunchedActivityHasNetworkAccess("testStartActivity_batterySaver");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @RequiredProperties({DATA_SAVER_MODE, METERED_NETWORK})
+    public void testStartActivity_dataSaver() throws Exception {
+        setRestrictBackground(true);
+        assertLaunchedActivityHasNetworkAccess("testStartActivity_dataSaver");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @RequiredProperties({DOZE_MODE})
+    public void testStartActivity_doze() throws Exception {
+        setDozeMode(true);
+        // TODO (235284115): We need to turn on Doze every time before starting
+        // the activity.
+        assertLaunchedActivityHasNetworkAccess("testStartActivity_doze");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @RequiredProperties({APP_STANDBY_MODE})
+    public void testStartActivity_appStandby() throws Exception {
+        turnBatteryOn();
+        setAppIdle(true);
+        // TODO (235284115): We need to put the app into app standby mode every
+        // time before starting the activity.
+        assertLaunchedActivityHasNetworkAccess("testStartActivity_appStandby");
+    }
+
+    private void assertLaunchedActivityHasNetworkAccess(String testName) throws Exception {
+        for (int i = 0; i < TEST_ITERATION_COUNT; ++i) {
+            Log.i(TAG, testName + " start #" + i);
+            launchComponentAndAssertNetworkAccess(TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTIY);
+            getUiDevice().pressHome();
+            assertBackgroundState();
+            Log.i(TAG, testName + " end #" + i);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MyServiceClient.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MyServiceClient.java
index 8b70f9b..0610774 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MyServiceClient.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MyServiceClient.java
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
         mService.unregisterNetworkCallback();
     }
 
-    public void scheduleJob(JobInfo jobInfo) throws RemoteException {
-        mService.scheduleJob(jobInfo);
+    public int scheduleJob(JobInfo jobInfo) throws RemoteException {
+        return mService.scheduleJob(jobInfo);
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java
index ad7ec9e..a0d88c9 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java
@@ -18,37 +18,28 @@
 
 import static android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID;
 
+import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.assertNetworkingBlockedStatusForUid;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.canChangeActiveNetworkMeteredness;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isUidNetworkingBlocked;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
-import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 public class NetworkPolicyManagerTest extends AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase {
     private static final boolean METERED = true;
     private static final boolean NON_METERED = false;
 
-    @Rule
-    public final MeterednessConfigurationRule mMeterednessConfiguration =
-            new MeterednessConfigurationRule();
-
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         super.setUp();
 
-        assumeTrue(canChangeActiveNetworkMeteredness());
-
         registerBroadcastReceiver();
 
         removeRestrictBackgroundWhitelist(mUid);
@@ -145,13 +136,14 @@
             removeRestrictBackgroundWhitelist(mUid);
 
             // Make TEST_APP2_PKG go to foreground and mUid will be allowed temporarily.
-            launchComponentAndAssertNetworkAccess(TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTIY);
+            launchActivity();
             assertForegroundState();
             assertNetworkingBlockedStatusForUid(mUid, METERED,
                     false /* expectedResult */); // Match NTWK_ALLOWED_TMP_ALLOWLIST
 
             // Back to background.
             finishActivity();
+            assertBackgroundState();
             assertNetworkingBlockedStatusForUid(mUid, METERED,
                     true /* expectedResult */); // Match NTWK_BLOCKED_BG_RESTRICT
         } finally {
@@ -222,26 +214,27 @@
             // enabled and mUid is not in the restrict background whitelist and TEST_APP2_PKG is not
             // in the foreground. For other cases, it will return false.
             setRestrictBackground(true);
-            assertTrue(isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid));
+            assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid, true /* expectedResult */);
 
             // Make TEST_APP2_PKG go to foreground and isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks() will
             // return false.
-            launchComponentAndAssertNetworkAccess(TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTIY);
+            launchActivity();
             assertForegroundState();
-            assertFalse(isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid));
+            assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid, false /* expectedResult */);
             // Back to background.
             finishActivity();
+            assertBackgroundState();
 
             // Add mUid into restrict background whitelist and isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks()
             // will return false.
             addRestrictBackgroundWhitelist(mUid);
-            assertFalse(isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid));
+            assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid, false /* expectedResult */);
             removeRestrictBackgroundWhitelist(mUid);
         } finally {
             // Restrict background is disabled and isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks() will return
             // false.
             setRestrictBackground(false);
-            assertFalse(isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid));
+            assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(mUid, false /* expectedResult */);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java
index b6218d2..deca6a2 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 import static android.net.wifi.WifiConfiguration.METERED_OVERRIDE_METERED;
 import static android.net.wifi.WifiConfiguration.METERED_OVERRIDE_NONE;
 
-import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runShellCommand;
+import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runShellCommandOrThrow;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.TAG;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
+import androidx.test.uiautomator.UiDevice;
 
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.AppStandbyUtils;
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.BatteryUtils;
@@ -116,6 +117,7 @@
             return false;
         }
         if (mDataSaverSupported == null) {
+            setRestrictBackgroundInternal(false);
             assertMyRestrictBackgroundStatus(RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_STATUS_DISABLED);
             try {
                 setRestrictBackgroundInternal(true);
@@ -390,7 +392,7 @@
     }
 
     public static String executeShellCommand(String command) {
-        final String result = runShellCommand(command).trim();
+        final String result = runShellCommandOrThrow(command).trim();
         Log.d(TAG, "Output of '" + command + "': '" + result + "'");
         return result;
     }
@@ -438,6 +440,10 @@
         return InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
     }
 
+    public static UiDevice getUiDevice() {
+        return UiDevice.getInstance(getInstrumentation());
+    }
+
     // When power saver mode or restrict background enabled or adding any white/black list into
     // those modes, NetworkPolicy may need to take some time to update the rules of uids. So having
     // this function and using PollingCheck to try to make sure the uid has updated and reduce the
@@ -447,6 +453,11 @@
         PollingCheck.waitFor(() -> (expectedResult == isUidNetworkingBlocked(uid, metered)));
     }
 
+    public static void assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(int uid, boolean expectedResult)
+            throws Exception {
+        PollingCheck.waitFor(() -> (expectedResult == isUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks(uid)));
+    }
+
     public static boolean isUidNetworkingBlocked(int uid, boolean meteredNetwork) {
         final UiAutomation uiAutomation = getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation();
         try {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RemoteSocketFactoryClient.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RemoteSocketFactoryClient.java
index 80f99b6..01fbd66 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RemoteSocketFactoryClient.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RemoteSocketFactoryClient.java
@@ -83,9 +83,19 @@
     public FileDescriptor openSocketFd(String host, int port, int timeoutMs)
             throws RemoteException, ErrnoException, IOException {
         // Dup the filedescriptor so ParcelFileDescriptor's finalizer doesn't garbage collect it
-        // and cause our fd to become invalid. http://b/35927643 .
-        ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = mService.openSocketFd(host, port, timeoutMs);
-        FileDescriptor fd = Os.dup(pfd.getFileDescriptor());
+        // and cause fd to become invalid. http://b/35927643.
+        final ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = mService.openSocketFd(host, port, timeoutMs);
+        final FileDescriptor fd = Os.dup(pfd.getFileDescriptor());
+        pfd.close();
+        return fd;
+    }
+
+    public FileDescriptor openDatagramSocketFd()
+            throws RemoteException, ErrnoException, IOException {
+        // Dup the filedescriptor so ParcelFileDescriptor's finalizer doesn't garbage collect it
+        // and cause fd to become invalid. http://b/35927643.
+        final ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = mService.openDatagramSocketFd();
+        final FileDescriptor fd = Os.dup(pfd.getFileDescriptor());
         pfd.close();
         return fd;
     }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java
index 5f0f6d6..4266aad 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         super.setUp();
+        setRestrictedNetworkingMode(false);
     }
 
     @After
@@ -34,8 +35,6 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testNetworkAccess() throws Exception {
-        setRestrictedNetworkingMode(false);
-
         // go to foreground state and enable restricted mode
         launchComponentAndAssertNetworkAccess(TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTIY);
         setRestrictedNetworkingMode(true);
@@ -54,4 +53,18 @@
         finishActivity();
         assertBackgroundNetworkAccess(true);
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNetworkAccess_withBatterySaver() throws Exception {
+        setBatterySaverMode(true);
+        addPowerSaveModeWhitelist(TEST_APP2_PKG);
+        assertBackgroundNetworkAccess(true);
+
+        setRestrictedNetworkingMode(true);
+        // App would be denied network access since Restricted mode is on.
+        assertBackgroundNetworkAccess(false);
+        setRestrictedNetworkingMode(false);
+        // Given that Restricted mode is turned off, app should be able to access network again.
+        assertBackgroundNetworkAccess(true);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java
index dc67c70..5f032be 100755
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
 
+import static android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_TELEPHONY;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI;
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@
 import static androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation;
 
 import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runWithShellPermissionIdentity;
+import static com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim.BLOCKED_REASON_LOCKDOWN_VPN;
+import static com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim.BLOCKED_REASON_NONE;
 import static com.android.testutils.Cleanup.testAndCleanup;
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 
@@ -59,12 +62,15 @@
 import android.database.Cursor;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback;
+import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.net.Proxy;
 import android.net.ProxyInfo;
+import android.net.TestNetworkInterface;
+import android.net.TestNetworkManager;
 import android.net.TransportInfo;
 import android.net.Uri;
 import android.net.VpnManager;
@@ -72,6 +78,7 @@
 import android.net.VpnTransportInfo;
 import android.net.cts.util.CtsNetUtils;
 import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.Looper;
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
@@ -90,11 +97,13 @@
 import android.test.MoreAsserts;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.Log;
+import android.util.Range;
 
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
 
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.BlockingBroadcastReceiver;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+import com.android.net.module.util.PacketBuilder;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
 import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback;
@@ -113,12 +122,14 @@
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.net.DatagramPacket;
 import java.net.DatagramSocket;
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.net.ServerSocket;
 import java.net.Socket;
 import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -164,6 +175,12 @@
     private static final String PRIVATE_DNS_SPECIFIER_SETTING = "private_dns_specifier";
     private static final int NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 30_000;
 
+    private static final LinkAddress TEST_IP4_DST_ADDR = new LinkAddress("198.51.100.1/24");
+    private static final LinkAddress TEST_IP4_SRC_ADDR = new LinkAddress("198.51.100.2/24");
+    private static final LinkAddress TEST_IP6_DST_ADDR = new LinkAddress("2001:db8:1:3::1/64");
+    private static final LinkAddress TEST_IP6_SRC_ADDR = new LinkAddress("2001:db8:1:3::2/64");
+    private static final short TEST_SRC_PORT = 5555;
+
     public static String TAG = "VpnTest";
     public static int TIMEOUT_MS = 3 * 1000;
     public static int SOCKET_TIMEOUT_MS = 100;
@@ -378,10 +395,6 @@
         if (mNetwork == null) {
             fail("VPN did not become available after " + TIMEOUT_MS + "ms");
         }
-
-        // Unfortunately, when the available callback fires, the VPN UID ranges are not yet
-        // configured. Give the system some time to do so. http://b/18436087 .
-        try { Thread.sleep(3000); } catch(InterruptedException e) {}
     }
 
     private void stopVpn() {
@@ -1576,4 +1589,180 @@
             return future.get(timeout, unit);
         }
     }
+
+    private static final boolean EXPECT_PASS = false;
+    private static final boolean EXPECT_BLOCK = true;
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+    public void testBlockIncomingPackets() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(supportedHardware());
+        final Network network = mCM.getActiveNetwork();
+        assertNotNull("Requires a working Internet connection", network);
+
+        final int remoteUid = mRemoteSocketFactoryClient.getUid();
+        final List<Range<Integer>> lockdownRange = List.of(new Range<>(remoteUid, remoteUid));
+        final DetailedBlockedStatusCallback remoteUidCallback = new DetailedBlockedStatusCallback();
+
+        // Create a TUN interface
+        final FileDescriptor tunFd = runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+            final TestNetworkManager tnm = getInstrumentation().getContext().getSystemService(
+                    TestNetworkManager.class);
+            final TestNetworkInterface iface = tnm.createTunInterface(List.of(
+                    TEST_IP4_DST_ADDR, TEST_IP6_DST_ADDR));
+            return iface.getFileDescriptor().getFileDescriptor();
+        }, MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS);
+
+        // Create a remote UDP socket
+        final FileDescriptor remoteUdpFd = mRemoteSocketFactoryClient.openDatagramSocketFd();
+
+        testAndCleanup(() -> {
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+                mCM.registerDefaultNetworkCallbackForUid(remoteUid, remoteUidCallback,
+                        new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()));
+            }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            remoteUidCallback.expectAvailableCallbacks(network);
+
+            // The remote UDP socket can receive packets coming from the TUN interface
+            checkBlockIncomingPacket(tunFd, remoteUdpFd, EXPECT_PASS);
+
+            // Lockdown uid that has the remote UDP socket
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+                mCM.setRequireVpnForUids(true /* requireVpn */, lockdownRange);
+            }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+
+            // setRequireVpnForUids setup a lockdown rule asynchronously. So it needs to wait for
+            // BlockedStatusCallback to be fired before checking the blocking status of incoming
+            // packets.
+            remoteUidCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(network, BLOCKED_REASON_LOCKDOWN_VPN);
+
+            if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+                // On T and above, lockdown rule drop packets not coming from lo regardless of the
+                // VPN connectivity.
+                checkBlockIncomingPacket(tunFd, remoteUdpFd, EXPECT_BLOCK);
+            }
+
+            // Start the VPN that has default routes. This VPN should have interface filtering rule
+            // for incoming packet and drop packets not coming from lo nor the VPN interface.
+            final String allowedApps =
+                    mRemoteSocketFactoryClient.getPackageName() + "," + mPackageName;
+            startVpn(new String[]{"192.0.2.2/32", "2001:db8:1:2::ffe/128"},
+                    new String[]{"0.0.0.0/0", "::/0"}, allowedApps, "" /* disallowedApplications */,
+                    null /* proxyInfo */, null /* underlyingNetworks */,
+                    false /* isAlwaysMetered */);
+
+            checkBlockIncomingPacket(tunFd, remoteUdpFd, EXPECT_BLOCK);
+        }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+                mCM.unregisterNetworkCallback(remoteUidCallback);
+            }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+                Os.close(tunFd);
+            }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+                Os.close(remoteUdpFd);
+            }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+                runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+                    mCM.setRequireVpnForUids(false /* requireVpn */, lockdownRange);
+                }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            });
+    }
+
+    private ByteBuffer buildIpv4UdpPacket(final Inet4Address dstAddr, final Inet4Address srcAddr,
+            final short dstPort, final short srcPort, final byte[] payload) throws IOException {
+
+        final ByteBuffer buffer = PacketBuilder.allocate(false /* hasEther */,
+                OsConstants.IPPROTO_IP, OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP, payload.length);
+        final PacketBuilder packetBuilder = new PacketBuilder(buffer);
+
+        packetBuilder.writeIpv4Header(
+                (byte) 0 /* TOS */,
+                (short) 27149 /* ID */,
+                (short) 0x4000 /* flags=DF, offset=0 */,
+                (byte) 64 /* TTL */,
+                (byte) OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP,
+                srcAddr,
+                dstAddr);
+        packetBuilder.writeUdpHeader(srcPort, dstPort);
+        buffer.put(payload);
+
+        return packetBuilder.finalizePacket();
+    }
+
+    private ByteBuffer buildIpv6UdpPacket(final Inet6Address dstAddr, final Inet6Address srcAddr,
+            final short dstPort, final short srcPort, final byte[] payload) throws IOException {
+
+        final ByteBuffer buffer = PacketBuilder.allocate(false /* hasEther */,
+                OsConstants.IPPROTO_IPV6, OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP, payload.length);
+        final PacketBuilder packetBuilder = new PacketBuilder(buffer);
+
+        packetBuilder.writeIpv6Header(
+                0x60000000 /* version=6, traffic class=0, flow label=0 */,
+                (byte) OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP,
+                (short) 64 /* hop limit */,
+                srcAddr,
+                dstAddr);
+        packetBuilder.writeUdpHeader(srcPort, dstPort);
+        buffer.put(payload);
+
+        return packetBuilder.finalizePacket();
+    }
+
+    private void checkBlockUdp(
+            final FileDescriptor srcTunFd,
+            final FileDescriptor dstUdpFd,
+            final boolean ipv6,
+            final boolean expectBlock) throws Exception {
+        final Random random = new Random();
+        final byte[] sendData = new byte[100];
+        random.nextBytes(sendData);
+        final short dstPort = (short) ((InetSocketAddress) Os.getsockname(dstUdpFd)).getPort();
+
+        ByteBuffer buf;
+        if (ipv6) {
+            buf = buildIpv6UdpPacket(
+                    (Inet6Address) TEST_IP6_DST_ADDR.getAddress(),
+                    (Inet6Address) TEST_IP6_SRC_ADDR.getAddress(),
+                    dstPort, TEST_SRC_PORT, sendData);
+        } else {
+            buf = buildIpv4UdpPacket(
+                    (Inet4Address) TEST_IP4_DST_ADDR.getAddress(),
+                    (Inet4Address) TEST_IP4_SRC_ADDR.getAddress(),
+                    dstPort, TEST_SRC_PORT, sendData);
+        }
+
+        Os.write(srcTunFd, buf);
+
+        final StructPollfd pollfd = new StructPollfd();
+        pollfd.events = (short) POLLIN;
+        pollfd.fd = dstUdpFd;
+        final int ret = Os.poll(new StructPollfd[]{pollfd}, SOCKET_TIMEOUT_MS);
+
+        if (expectBlock) {
+            assertEquals("Expect not to receive a packet but received a packet", 0, ret);
+        } else {
+            assertEquals("Expect to receive a packet but did not receive a packet", 1, ret);
+            final byte[] recvData = new byte[sendData.length];
+            final int readSize = Os.read(dstUdpFd, recvData, 0 /* byteOffset */, recvData.length);
+            assertEquals(recvData.length, readSize);
+            MoreAsserts.assertEquals(sendData, recvData);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void checkBlockIncomingPacket(
+            final FileDescriptor srcTunFd,
+            final FileDescriptor dstUdpFd,
+            final boolean expectBlock) throws Exception {
+        checkBlockUdp(srcTunFd, dstUdpFd, false /* ipv6 */, expectBlock);
+        checkBlockUdp(srcTunFd, dstUdpFd, true /* ipv6 */, expectBlock);
+    }
+
+    private class DetailedBlockedStatusCallback extends TestableNetworkCallback {
+        public void expectAvailableCallbacks(Network network) {
+            super.expectAvailableCallbacks(network, false /* suspended */, true /* validated */,
+                    BLOCKED_REASON_NONE, NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
+        }
+        public void expectBlockedStatusCallback(Network network, int blockedStatus) {
+            super.expectBlockedStatusCallback(blockedStatus, network, NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
+        }
+        public void onBlockedStatusChanged(Network network, int blockedReasons) {
+            getHistory().add(new CallbackEntry.BlockedStatusInt(network, blockedReasons));
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/Android.bp
index d31dbc3..db92f5c 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/Android.bp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
     defaults: ["cts_support_defaults"],
     platform_apis: true,
     static_libs: [
+        "androidx.annotation_annotation",
         "CtsHostsideNetworkTestsAidl",
         "NetworkStackApiStableShims",
     ],
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/AndroidManifest.xml b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/AndroidManifest.xml
index 6c9b469..ff7240d 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"/>
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STATS" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS" />
 
     <!--
      This application is used to listen to RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_CHANGED intents and store
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java
index 9fdb9c9..aa58ff9 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TEST_PKG;
 import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTY;
 
 import android.app.Activity;
@@ -25,39 +24,36 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.IntentFilter;
-import android.os.AsyncTask;
 import android.os.Bundle;
-import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.os.RemoteCallback;
 import android.util.Log;
+import android.view.WindowManager;
 
-import com.android.cts.net.hostside.INetworkStateObserver;
+import androidx.annotation.GuardedBy;
 
 /**
  * Activity used to bring process to foreground.
  */
 public class MyActivity extends Activity {
 
+    @GuardedBy("this")
     private BroadcastReceiver finishCommandReceiver = null;
 
     @Override
     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         Log.d(TAG, "MyActivity.onCreate()");
-        Common.notifyNetworkStateObserver(this, getIntent(), TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTY);
-        finishCommandReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
-            @Override
-            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
-                Log.d(TAG, "Finishing MyActivity");
-                MyActivity.this.finish();
-            }
-        };
-        registerReceiver(finishCommandReceiver, new IntentFilter(ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY));
+
+        getWindow().addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void finish() {
-        if (finishCommandReceiver != null) {
-            unregisterReceiver(finishCommandReceiver);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (finishCommandReceiver != null) {
+                unregisterReceiver(finishCommandReceiver);
+                finishCommandReceiver = null;
+            }
         }
         super.finish();
     }
@@ -69,6 +65,36 @@
     }
 
     @Override
+    protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {
+        super.onNewIntent(intent);
+        Log.d(TAG, "MyActivity.onNewIntent()");
+        setIntent(intent);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onResume() {
+        super.onResume();
+        Log.d(TAG, "MyActivity.onResume(): " + getIntent());
+        Common.notifyNetworkStateObserver(this, getIntent(), TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTY);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            finishCommandReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
+                @Override
+                public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
+                    Log.d(TAG, "Finishing MyActivity");
+                    MyActivity.this.finish();
+                }
+            };
+            registerReceiver(finishCommandReceiver, new IntentFilter(ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY),
+                    Context.RECEIVER_EXPORTED);
+        }
+        final RemoteCallback callback = getIntent().getParcelableExtra(
+                Intent.EXTRA_REMOTE_CALLBACK);
+        if (callback != null) {
+            callback.sendResult(null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
     protected void onDestroy() {
         Log.d(TAG, "MyActivity.onDestroy()");
         super.onDestroy();
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyJobService.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyJobService.java
index 51c3157..8c112b6 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyJobService.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyJobService.java
@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@
                 }
             }
         };
-        registerReceiver(mFinishCommandReceiver, new IntentFilter(ACTION_FINISH_JOB));
+        registerReceiver(mFinishCommandReceiver, new IntentFilter(ACTION_FINISH_JOB),
+                Context.RECEIVER_EXPORTED);
         return true;
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyService.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyService.java
index f2a7b3f..3ed5391 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyService.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyService.java
@@ -165,10 +165,10 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void scheduleJob(JobInfo jobInfo) {
+        public int scheduleJob(JobInfo jobInfo) {
             final JobScheduler jobScheduler = getApplicationContext()
                     .getSystemService(JobScheduler.class);
-            jobScheduler.schedule(jobInfo);
+            return jobScheduler.schedule(jobInfo);
         }
       };
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/RemoteSocketFactoryService.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/RemoteSocketFactoryService.java
index b1b7d77..fb6d16f 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/RemoteSocketFactoryService.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/RemoteSocketFactoryService.java
@@ -17,16 +17,17 @@
 package com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2;
 
 import android.app.Service;
-import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
 import android.os.Process;
-import android.util.Log;
 
 import com.android.cts.net.hostside.IRemoteSocketFactory;
 
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.net.DatagramSocket;
 import java.net.Socket;
+import java.net.SocketException;
 
 
 public class RemoteSocketFactoryService extends Service {
@@ -54,6 +55,16 @@
         public int getUid() {
             return Process.myUid();
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public ParcelFileDescriptor openDatagramSocketFd() {
+            try {
+                final DatagramSocket s = new DatagramSocket();
+                return ParcelFileDescriptor.fromDatagramSocket(s);
+            } catch (SocketException e) {
+                throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
+            }
+        }
     };
 
     @Override
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cfd3130
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.cts.net;
+
+import android.platform.test.annotations.FlakyTest;
+
+public class HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest extends HostsideNetworkTestCase {
+    private static final String TEST_CLASS = TEST_PKG + ".ConnOnActivityStartTest";
+    @Override
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+
+        uninstallPackage(TEST_APP2_PKG, false);
+        installPackage(TEST_APP2_APK);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
+        super.tearDown();
+
+        uninstallPackage(TEST_APP2_PKG, true);
+    }
+
+    public void testStartActivity_batterySaver() throws Exception {
+        runDeviceTests(TEST_PKG, TEST_CLASS, "testStartActivity_batterySaver");
+    }
+
+    public void testStartActivity_dataSaver() throws Exception {
+        runDeviceTests(TEST_PKG, TEST_CLASS, "testStartActivity_dataSaver");
+    }
+
+    @FlakyTest(bugId = 231440256)
+    public void testStartActivity_doze() throws Exception {
+        runDeviceTests(TEST_PKG, TEST_CLASS, "testStartActivity_doze");
+    }
+
+    public void testStartActivity_appStandby() throws Exception {
+        runDeviceTests(TEST_PKG, TEST_CLASS, "testStartActivity_appStandby");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkTestCase.java b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkTestCase.java
index cc07fd1..d0567ae 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkTestCase.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkTestCase.java
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@
 
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.regex.Matcher;
-import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 abstract class HostsideNetworkTestCase extends DeviceTestCase implements IAbiReceiver,
         IBuildReceiver {
@@ -171,18 +169,19 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private static final Pattern UID_PATTERN =
-            Pattern.compile(".*userId=([0-9]+)$", Pattern.MULTILINE);
-
     protected int getUid(String packageName) throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
-        final String output = runCommand("dumpsys package " + packageName);
-        final Matcher matcher = UID_PATTERN.matcher(output);
-        while (matcher.find()) {
-            final String match = matcher.group(1);
-            return Integer.parseInt(match);
+        final int currentUser = getDevice().getCurrentUser();
+        final String uidLines = runCommand(
+                "cmd package list packages -U --user " + currentUser + " " + packageName);
+        for (String uidLine : uidLines.split("\n")) {
+            if (uidLine.startsWith("package:" + packageName + " uid:")) {
+                final String[] uidLineParts = uidLine.split(":");
+                // 3rd entry is package uid
+                return Integer.parseInt(uidLineParts[2].trim());
+            }
         }
-        throw new RuntimeException("Did not find regexp '" + UID_PATTERN + "' on adb output\n"
-                + output);
+        throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to find the test app on the device; pkg="
+                + packageName + ", u=" + currentUser);
     }
 
     protected String runCommand(String command) throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java
index a95fc64..7a613b3 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 package com.android.cts.net;
 
-import android.platform.test.annotations.FlakyTest;
 import android.platform.test.annotations.SecurityTest;
 
 import com.android.ddmlib.Log;
@@ -155,7 +154,6 @@
                 "testBackgroundNetworkAccess_disabled");
     }
 
-    @FlakyTest(bugId=170180675)
     public void testAppIdleMetered_whitelisted() throws Exception {
         runDeviceTests(TEST_PKG, TEST_PKG + ".AppIdleMeteredTest",
                 "testBackgroundNetworkAccess_whitelisted");
@@ -186,7 +184,6 @@
                 "testBackgroundNetworkAccess_disabled");
     }
 
-    @FlakyTest(bugId=170180675)
     public void testAppIdleNonMetered_whitelisted() throws Exception {
         runDeviceTests(TEST_PKG, TEST_PKG + ".AppIdleNonMeteredTest",
                 "testBackgroundNetworkAccess_whitelisted");
@@ -330,6 +327,11 @@
                 "testNetworkAccess");
     }
 
+    public void testNetworkAccess_restrictedMode_withBatterySaver() throws Exception {
+        runDeviceTests(TEST_PKG, TEST_PKG + ".RestrictedModeTest",
+                "testNetworkAccess_withBatterySaver");
+    }
+
     /************************
      * Expedited job tests. *
      ************************/
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideVpnTests.java b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideVpnTests.java
index 3821f87..4d90a4a 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideVpnTests.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideVpnTests.java
@@ -116,4 +116,8 @@
     public void testInterleavedRoutes() throws Exception {
         runDeviceTests(TEST_PKG, TEST_PKG + ".VpnTest", "testInterleavedRoutes");
     }
+
+    public void testBlockIncomingPackets() throws Exception {
+        runDeviceTests(TEST_PKG, TEST_PKG + ".VpnTest", "testBlockIncomingPackets");
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/Android.bp b/tests/cts/net/Android.bp
index e979a3b..23cb15c 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/cts/net/Android.bp
@@ -61,7 +61,10 @@
     // uncomment when b/13249961 is fixed
     // sdk_version: "current",
     platform_apis: true,
-    required: ["ConnectivityChecker"],
+    data: [":ConnectivityChecker"],
+    per_testcase_directory: true,
+    host_required: ["net-tests-utils-host-common"],
+    test_config_template: "AndroidTestTemplate.xml",
 }
 
 // Networking CTS tests for development and release. These tests always target the platform SDK
@@ -71,15 +74,25 @@
 android_test {
     name: "CtsNetTestCases",
     defaults: ["CtsNetTestCasesDefaults", "ConnectivityNextEnableDefaults"],
-    // TODO: CTS should not depend on the entirety of the networkstack code.
     static_libs: [
-        "NetworkStackApiCurrentLib",
+        "DhcpPacketLib",
+        "NetworkStackApiCurrentShims",
     ],
     test_suites: [
         "cts",
         "general-tests",
     ],
-    test_config_template: "AndroidTestTemplate.xml",
+}
+
+java_defaults {
+    name: "CtsNetTestCasesApiStableDefaults",
+    // TODO: CTS should not depend on the entirety of the networkstack code.
+    static_libs: [
+        "DhcpPacketLib",
+        "NetworkStackApiStableShims",
+    ],
+    jni_uses_sdk_apis: true,
+    min_sdk_version: "29",
 }
 
 // Networking CTS tests that target the latest released SDK. These tests can be installed on release
@@ -87,14 +100,11 @@
 // on release devices.
 android_test {
     name: "CtsNetTestCasesLatestSdk",
-    defaults: ["CtsNetTestCasesDefaults"],
-    // TODO: CTS should not depend on the entirety of the networkstack code.
-    static_libs: [
-        "NetworkStackApiStableLib",
+    defaults: [
+        "ConnectivityTestsLatestSdkDefaults",
+        "CtsNetTestCasesDefaults",
+        "CtsNetTestCasesApiStableDefaults",
     ],
-    jni_uses_sdk_apis: true,
-    min_sdk_version: "29",
-    target_sdk_version: "30",
     test_suites: [
         "general-tests",
         "mts-dnsresolver",
@@ -102,5 +112,36 @@
         "mts-tethering",
         "mts-wifi",
     ],
-    test_config_template: "AndroidTestTemplate.xml",
+}
+
+android_test {
+    name: "CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk31",  // Must match CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk31 annotation.
+    defaults: [
+        "CtsNetTestCasesDefaults",
+        "CtsNetTestCasesApiStableDefaults",
+    ],
+    target_sdk_version: "31",
+    package_name: "android.net.cts.maxtargetsdk31",  // CTS package names must be unique.
+    instrumentation_target_package: "android.net.cts.maxtargetsdk31",
+    test_suites: [
+        "cts",
+        "general-tests",
+        "mts-networking",
+    ],
+}
+
+android_test {
+    name: "CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk30",  // Must match CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk30 annotation.
+    defaults: [
+        "CtsNetTestCasesDefaults",
+        "CtsNetTestCasesApiStableDefaults",
+    ],
+    target_sdk_version: "30",
+    package_name: "android.net.cts.maxtargetsdk30",  // CTS package names must be unique.
+    instrumentation_target_package: "android.net.cts.maxtargetsdk30",
+    test_suites: [
+        "cts",
+        "general-tests",
+        "mts-networking",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/AndroidManifest.xml b/tests/cts/net/AndroidManifest.xml
index 3b47100..25490da 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/tests/cts/net/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STATS" />
 
     <!-- TODO (b/186093901): remove after fixing resource querying -->
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.QUERY_ALL_PACKAGES" />
@@ -44,7 +45,8 @@
              android.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS
     -->
 
-    <application android:usesCleartextTraffic="true">
+    <application android:debuggable="true"
+                 android:usesCleartextTraffic="true">
         <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
         <uses-library android:name="org.apache.http.legacy" android:required="false" />
     </application>
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/AndroidTestTemplate.xml b/tests/cts/net/AndroidTestTemplate.xml
index 48a1c79..d2fb04a 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/AndroidTestTemplate.xml
+++ b/tests/cts/net/AndroidTestTemplate.xml
@@ -33,9 +33,36 @@
     <target_preparer class="com.android.testutils.DisableConfigSyncTargetPreparer">
     </target_preparer>
     <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.AndroidJUnitTest" >
-        <option name="package" value="android.net.cts" />
+        <option name="package" value="{PACKAGE}" />
         <option name="runtime-hint" value="9m4s" />
         <option name="hidden-api-checks" value="false" />
         <option name="isolated-storage" value="false" />
+        <!-- Test filter that allows test APKs to select which tests they want to run by annotating
+             those tests with an annotation matching the name of the APK.
+
+             This allows us to maintain one AndroidTestTemplate.xml for all CtsNetTestCases*.apk,
+             and have CtsNetTestCases and CtsNetTestCasesLatestSdk run all tests, but have
+             CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk31 run only tests that require target SDK 31.
+
+             This relies on the fact that if the class specified in include-annotation exists, then
+             the runner will only run the tests annotated with that annotation, but if it does not,
+             the runner will run all the tests. -->
+        <option name="include-annotation" value="com.android.testutils.filters.{MODULE}" />
     </test>
+    <!-- When this test is run in a Mainline context (e.g. with `mts-tradefed`), only enable it if
+        one of the Mainline modules below is present on the device used for testing. -->
+    <object type="module_controller" class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.suite.module.MainlineTestModuleController">
+        <!-- Tethering Module (internal version). -->
+        <option name="mainline-module-package-name" value="com.google.android.tethering" />
+        <!-- Tethering Module (AOSP version). -->
+        <option name="mainline-module-package-name" value="com.android.tethering" />
+        <!-- NetworkStack Module (internal version). Should always be installed with CaptivePortalLogin. -->
+        <option name="mainline-module-package-name" value="com.google.android.networkstack" />
+        <!-- NetworkStack Module (AOSP version). Should always be installed with CaptivePortalLogin. -->
+        <option name="mainline-module-package-name" value="com.android.networkstack" />
+        <!-- Resolver Module (internal version). -->
+        <option name="mainline-module-package-name" value="com.google.android.resolv" />
+        <!-- Resolver Module (AOSP version). -->
+        <option name="mainline-module-package-name" value="com.android.resolv" />
+    </object>
 </configuration>
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/api23Test/Android.bp b/tests/cts/net/api23Test/Android.bp
index 5b37294..9b81a56 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/api23Test/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/cts/net/api23Test/Android.bp
@@ -51,5 +51,8 @@
         "cts",
         "general-tests",
     ],
-
+    data: [
+        ":CtsNetTestAppForApi23",
+    ],
+    per_testcase_directory: true,
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/jni/NativeMultinetworkJni.cpp b/tests/cts/net/jni/NativeMultinetworkJni.cpp
index 60e31bc..6610d10 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/jni/NativeMultinetworkJni.cpp
+++ b/tests/cts/net/jni/NativeMultinetworkJni.cpp
@@ -40,8 +40,12 @@
 #define LOGD(fmt, ...) \
         __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, LOG_TAG, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 
-#define EXPECT_GE(env, actual, expected, msg)                        \
+// Since the tests in this file commonly pass expression statements as parameters to these macros,
+// get the returned value of the statements to avoid statement double-called.
+#define EXPECT_GE(env, actual_stmt, expected_stmt, msg)              \
     do {                                                             \
+        const auto expected = (expected_stmt);                       \
+        const auto actual = (actual_stmt);                           \
         if (actual < expected) {                                     \
             jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/lang/AssertionError",    \
                     "%s:%d: %s EXPECT_GE: expected %d, got %d",      \
@@ -49,8 +53,10 @@
         }                                                            \
     } while (0)
 
-#define EXPECT_GT(env, actual, expected, msg)                        \
+#define EXPECT_GT(env, actual_stmt, expected_stmt, msg)              \
     do {                                                             \
+        const auto expected = (expected_stmt);                       \
+        const auto actual = (actual_stmt);                           \
         if (actual <= expected) {                                    \
             jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/lang/AssertionError",    \
                     "%s:%d: %s EXPECT_GT: expected %d, got %d",      \
@@ -58,8 +64,10 @@
         }                                                            \
     } while (0)
 
-#define EXPECT_EQ(env, expected, actual, msg)                        \
+#define EXPECT_EQ(env, expected_stmt, actual_stmt, msg)              \
     do {                                                             \
+        const auto expected = (expected_stmt);                       \
+        const auto actual = (actual_stmt);                           \
         if (actual != expected) {                                    \
             jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/lang/AssertionError",    \
                     "%s:%d: %s EXPECT_EQ: expected %d, got %d",      \
@@ -110,6 +118,18 @@
             // If there is no valid answer, test will fail.
             continue;
         }
+
+        const int rtype = ns_rr_type(rr);
+        if (family == AF_INET) {
+            // If there is no expected address type, test will fail.
+            if (rtype != ns_t_a) continue;
+        } else if (family == AF_INET6) {
+            // If there is no expected address type, test will fail.
+            if (rtype != ns_t_aaaa) continue;
+        } else {
+            return -EAFNOSUPPORT;
+        }
+
         const uint8_t* rdata = ns_rr_rdata(rr);
         char buffer[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
         if (inet_ntop(family, (const char*) rdata, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) == NULL) {
@@ -161,7 +181,7 @@
     // V6
     fd = android_res_nquery(handle, kHostname, ns_c_in, ns_t_aaaa, 0);
     EXPECT_GE(env, fd, 0, "v6 res_nquery");
-    EXPECT_EQ(env, 0, expectAnswersValid(env, fd, AF_INET, ns_r_noerror),
+    EXPECT_EQ(env, 0, expectAnswersValid(env, fd, AF_INET6, ns_r_noerror),
             "v6 res_nquery check answers");
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/native/src/BpfCompatTest.cpp b/tests/cts/net/native/src/BpfCompatTest.cpp
index 97ecb9e..5c02b0d 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/native/src/BpfCompatTest.cpp
+++ b/tests/cts/net/native/src/BpfCompatTest.cpp
@@ -31,8 +31,16 @@
   std::ifstream elfFile(elfPath, std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);
   ASSERT_TRUE(elfFile.is_open());
 
-  EXPECT_EQ(48, readSectionUint("size_of_bpf_map_def", elfFile, 0));
-  EXPECT_EQ(28, readSectionUint("size_of_bpf_prog_def", elfFile, 0));
+  if (android::modules::sdklevel::IsAtLeastU()) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(120, readSectionUint("size_of_bpf_map_def", elfFile, 0));
+    EXPECT_EQ(92, readSectionUint("size_of_bpf_prog_def", elfFile, 0));
+  } else if (android::modules::sdklevel::IsAtLeastT()) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(116, readSectionUint("size_of_bpf_map_def", elfFile, 0));
+    EXPECT_EQ(92, readSectionUint("size_of_bpf_prog_def", elfFile, 0));
+  } else {
+    EXPECT_EQ(48, readSectionUint("size_of_bpf_map_def", elfFile, 0));
+    EXPECT_EQ(28, readSectionUint("size_of_bpf_prog_def", elfFile, 0));
+  }
 }
 
 TEST(BpfTest, bpfStructSizeTestPreT) {
@@ -42,8 +50,13 @@
 }
 
 TEST(BpfTest, bpfStructSizeTest) {
-  doBpfStructSizeTest("/system/etc/bpf/gpu_mem.o");
-  doBpfStructSizeTest("/system/etc/bpf/time_in_state.o");
+  if (android::modules::sdklevel::IsAtLeastU()) {
+      doBpfStructSizeTest("/system/etc/bpf/gpuMem.o");
+      doBpfStructSizeTest("/system/etc/bpf/timeInState.o");
+  } else {
+      doBpfStructSizeTest("/system/etc/bpf/gpu_mem.o");
+      doBpfStructSizeTest("/system/etc/bpf/time_in_state.o");
+  }
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/CaptivePortalTest.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/CaptivePortalTest.kt
index 0344604..aad8804 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/CaptivePortalTest.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/CaptivePortalTest.kt
@@ -33,14 +33,12 @@
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI
 import android.net.NetworkRequest
 import android.net.Uri
-import android.net.cts.NetworkValidationTestUtil.clearValidationTestUrlsDeviceConfig
 import android.net.cts.NetworkValidationTestUtil.setHttpUrlDeviceConfig
 import android.net.cts.NetworkValidationTestUtil.setHttpsUrlDeviceConfig
 import android.net.cts.NetworkValidationTestUtil.setUrlExpirationDeviceConfig
 import android.net.cts.util.CtsNetUtils
-import android.net.util.NetworkStackUtils.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTPS_URL
-import android.net.util.NetworkStackUtils.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTP_URL
-import android.os.Build
+import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTPS_URL
+import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTP_URL
 import android.platform.test.annotations.AppModeFull
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY
@@ -48,11 +46,11 @@
 import android.util.Log
 import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel.isAtLeastR
 import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback
 import com.android.testutils.TestHttpServer
 import com.android.testutils.TestHttpServer.Request
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallback
-import com.android.testutils.isDevSdkInRange
 import com.android.testutils.runAsShell
 import fi.iki.elonen.NanoHTTPD.Response.Status
 import junit.framework.AssertionFailedError
@@ -60,6 +58,8 @@
 import org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue
 import org.junit.Assume.assumeFalse
 import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.BeforeClass
+import org.junit.Rule
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
@@ -99,34 +99,42 @@
 
     private val server = TestHttpServer("localhost")
 
+    @get:Rule
+    val deviceConfigRule = DeviceConfigRule(retryCountBeforeSIfConfigChanged = 5)
+
+    companion object {
+        @JvmStatic @BeforeClass
+        fun setUpClass() {
+            runAsShell(READ_DEVICE_CONFIG) {
+                // Verify that the test URLs are not normally set on the device, but do not fail if
+                // the test URLs are set to what this test uses (URLs on localhost), in case the
+                // test was interrupted manually and rerun.
+                assertEmptyOrLocalhostUrl(TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTPS_URL)
+                assertEmptyOrLocalhostUrl(TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTP_URL)
+            }
+            NetworkValidationTestUtil.clearValidationTestUrlsDeviceConfig()
+        }
+
+        private fun assertEmptyOrLocalhostUrl(urlKey: String) {
+            val url = DeviceConfig.getProperty(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY, urlKey)
+            assertTrue(TextUtils.isEmpty(url) || LOCALHOST_HOSTNAME == Uri.parse(url).host,
+                    "$urlKey must not be set in production scenarios (current value: $url)")
+        }
+    }
+
     @Before
     fun setUp() {
-        runAsShell(READ_DEVICE_CONFIG) {
-            // Verify that the test URLs are not normally set on the device, but do not fail if the
-            // test URLs are set to what this test uses (URLs on localhost), in case the test was
-            // interrupted manually and rerun.
-            assertEmptyOrLocalhostUrl(TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTPS_URL)
-            assertEmptyOrLocalhostUrl(TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTP_URL)
-        }
-        clearValidationTestUrlsDeviceConfig()
         server.start()
     }
 
     @After
     fun tearDown() {
-        clearValidationTestUrlsDeviceConfig()
         if (pm.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_WIFI)) {
-            reconnectWifi()
+            deviceConfigRule.runAfterNextCleanup { reconnectWifi() }
         }
         server.stop()
     }
 
-    private fun assertEmptyOrLocalhostUrl(urlKey: String) {
-        val url = DeviceConfig.getProperty(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY, urlKey)
-        assertTrue(TextUtils.isEmpty(url) || LOCALHOST_HOSTNAME == Uri.parse(url).host,
-                "$urlKey must not be set in production scenarios (current value: $url)")
-    }
-
     @Test
     fun testCaptivePortalIsNotDefaultNetwork() {
         assumeTrue(pm.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_TELEPHONY))
@@ -154,12 +162,13 @@
         server.addResponse(Request(TEST_HTTPS_URL_PATH), Status.INTERNAL_ERROR)
         val headers = mapOf("Location" to makeUrl(TEST_PORTAL_URL_PATH))
         server.addResponse(Request(TEST_HTTP_URL_PATH), Status.REDIRECT, headers)
-        setHttpsUrlDeviceConfig(makeUrl(TEST_HTTPS_URL_PATH))
-        setHttpUrlDeviceConfig(makeUrl(TEST_HTTP_URL_PATH))
+        setHttpsUrlDeviceConfig(deviceConfigRule, makeUrl(TEST_HTTPS_URL_PATH))
+        setHttpUrlDeviceConfig(deviceConfigRule, makeUrl(TEST_HTTP_URL_PATH))
         Log.d(TAG, "Set portal URLs to $TEST_HTTPS_URL_PATH and $TEST_HTTP_URL_PATH")
         // URL expiration needs to be in the next 10 minutes
         assertTrue(WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS < TimeUnit.MINUTES.toMillis(10))
-        setUrlExpirationDeviceConfig(System.currentTimeMillis() + WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS)
+        setUrlExpirationDeviceConfig(deviceConfigRule,
+                System.currentTimeMillis() + WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS)
 
         // Wait for a captive portal to be detected on the network
         val wifiNetworkFuture = CompletableFuture<Network>()
@@ -186,8 +195,8 @@
             assertNotEquals(network, cm.activeNetwork, wifiDefaultMessage)
 
             val startPortalAppPermission =
-                    if (isDevSdkInRange(0, Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)) CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL
-                    else NETWORK_SETTINGS
+                    if (isAtLeastR()) NETWORK_SETTINGS
+                    else CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL
             runAsShell(startPortalAppPermission) { cm.startCaptivePortalApp(network) }
 
             // Expect the portal content to be fetched at some point after detecting the portal.
@@ -215,4 +224,4 @@
         utils.ensureWifiDisconnected(null /* wifiNetworkToCheck */)
         utils.ensureWifiConnected()
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest.java
index 68fa38d..7d1e13f 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityDiagnosticsManagerTest.java
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
     private static final int UNKNOWN_DETECTION_METHOD = 4;
     private static final int FILTERED_UNKNOWN_DETECTION_METHOD = 0;
     private static final int CARRIER_CONFIG_CHANGED_BROADCAST_TIMEOUT = 5000;
-    private static final int DELAY_FOR_ADMIN_UIDS_MILLIS = 2000;
+    private static final int DELAY_FOR_ADMIN_UIDS_MILLIS = 5000;
 
     private static final Executor INLINE_EXECUTOR = x -> x.run();
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
index 9055861..310d7bf 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.READ_DEVICE_CONFIG;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.TETHER_PRIVILEGED;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_BLUETOOTH;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_ETHERNET;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_TELEPHONY;
@@ -37,6 +38,16 @@
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NETWORK;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_REQUEST;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_BLUETOOTH;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_ETHERNET;
@@ -52,6 +63,7 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_PROXY;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_VPN;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI_P2P;
+import static android.net.ConnectivitySettingsManager.setUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_IMS;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET;
@@ -69,8 +81,6 @@
 import static android.net.cts.util.CtsNetUtils.TEST_HOST;
 import static android.net.cts.util.CtsNetUtils.TestNetworkCallback;
 import static android.net.cts.util.CtsTetheringUtils.TestTetheringEventCallback;
-import static android.net.util.NetworkStackUtils.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTPS_URL;
-import static android.net.util.NetworkStackUtils.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTP_URL;
 import static android.os.MessageQueue.OnFileDescriptorEventListener.EVENT_INPUT;
 import static android.os.Process.INVALID_UID;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE;
@@ -82,6 +92,8 @@
 import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runShellCommand;
 import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runWithShellPermissionIdentity;
 import static com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel.isAtLeastS;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTPS_URL;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTP_URL;
 import static com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim.BLOCKED_REASON_LOCKDOWN_VPN;
 import static com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim.BLOCKED_REASON_NONE;
 import static com.android.testutils.Cleanup.testAndCleanup;
@@ -151,8 +163,8 @@
 import android.os.Looper;
 import android.os.MessageQueue;
 import android.os.Process;
+import android.os.ServiceManager;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
-import android.os.SystemProperties;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.os.VintfRuntimeInfo;
 import android.platform.test.annotations.AppModeFull;
@@ -163,7 +175,6 @@
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
 import android.util.Log;
-import android.util.Pair;
 import android.util.Range;
 
 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
@@ -178,9 +189,10 @@
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.NetworkInformationShimImpl;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.ConnectivityManagerShim;
 import com.android.testutils.CompatUtil;
+import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
-import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt;
+import com.android.testutils.DeviceInfoUtils;
 import com.android.testutils.DumpTestUtils;
 import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback.CallbackEntry;
 import com.android.testutils.TestHttpServer;
@@ -202,6 +214,8 @@
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.net.DatagramSocket;
 import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
@@ -216,6 +230,7 @@
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Random;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
@@ -239,6 +254,10 @@
     @Rule
     public final DevSdkIgnoreRule ignoreRule = new DevSdkIgnoreRule();
 
+    @Rule
+    public final DeviceConfigRule mTestValidationConfigRule = new DeviceConfigRule(
+            5 /* retryCountBeforeSIfConfigChanged */);
+
     private static final String TAG = ConnectivityManagerTest.class.getSimpleName();
 
     public static final int TYPE_MOBILE = ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE;
@@ -253,6 +272,7 @@
     private static final int NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 30_000;
     private static final int LISTEN_ACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS = 5_000;
     private static final int NO_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 100;
+    private static final int SOCKET_TIMEOUT_MS = 100;
     private static final int NUM_TRIES_MULTIPATH_PREF_CHECK = 20;
     private static final long INTERVAL_MULTIPATH_PREF_CHECK_MS = 500;
     // device could have only one interface: data, wifi.
@@ -316,11 +336,10 @@
         mCtsNetUtils = new CtsNetUtils(mContext);
         mTm = mContext.getSystemService(TelephonyManager.class);
 
-        if (DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.isDevSdkInRange(null /* minExclusive */,
-                Build.VERSION_CODES.R /* maxInclusive */)) {
-            addLegacySupportedNetworkTypes();
-        } else {
+        if (isAtLeastS()) {
             addSupportedNetworkTypes();
+        } else {
+            addLegacySupportedNetworkTypes();
         }
 
         mUiAutomation = mInstrumentation.getUiAutomation();
@@ -333,7 +352,8 @@
         // Get com.android.internal.R.array.networkAttributes
         int resId = mContext.getResources().getIdentifier("networkAttributes", "array", "android");
         String[] naStrings = mContext.getResources().getStringArray(resId);
-        boolean wifiOnly = SystemProperties.getBoolean("ro.radio.noril", false);
+        boolean wifiOnly = mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_WIFI)
+                && !mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_TELEPHONY);
         for (String naString : naStrings) {
             try {
                 final String[] splitConfig = naString.split(",");
@@ -394,14 +414,17 @@
 
         // All tests in this class require a working Internet connection as they start. Make
         // sure there is still one as they end that's ready to use for the next test to use.
-        final TestNetworkCallback callback = new TestNetworkCallback();
-        registerDefaultNetworkCallback(callback);
-        try {
-            assertNotNull("Couldn't restore Internet connectivity", callback.waitForAvailable());
-        } finally {
-            // Unregister all registered callbacks.
-            unregisterRegisteredCallbacks();
-        }
+        mTestValidationConfigRule.runAfterNextCleanup(() -> {
+            final TestNetworkCallback callback = new TestNetworkCallback();
+            registerDefaultNetworkCallback(callback);
+            try {
+                assertNotNull("Couldn't restore Internet connectivity",
+                        callback.waitForAvailable());
+            } finally {
+                // Unregister all registered callbacks.
+                unregisterRegisteredCallbacks();
+            }
+        });
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -661,10 +684,12 @@
 
             // CaptivePortalApiUrl & CaptivePortalData will be preserved if the given uid holds the
             // NETWORK_SETTINGS permission.
-            assertEquals(capportUrl,
+            assertNotNull(lp.getCaptivePortalApiUrl());
+            assertNotNull(lp.getCaptivePortalData());
+            assertEquals(lp.getCaptivePortalApiUrl(),
                     mCm.getRedactedLinkPropertiesForPackage(lp, privilegedUid, privilegedPkg)
                             .getCaptivePortalApiUrl());
-            assertEquals(capportData,
+            assertEquals(lp.getCaptivePortalData(),
                     mCm.getRedactedLinkPropertiesForPackage(lp, privilegedUid, privilegedPkg)
                             .getCaptivePortalData());
         });
@@ -887,9 +912,21 @@
         //
         // Note that this test this will still fail in instant mode if a device supports Ethernet
         // via other hardware means. We are not currently aware of any such device.
-        return (mContext.getSystemService(Context.ETHERNET_SERVICE) != null) ||
-            mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_ETHERNET) ||
-            mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_USB_HOST);
+        return hasEthernetService()
+                || mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_ETHERNET)
+                || mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_USB_HOST);
+    }
+
+    private boolean hasEthernetService() {
+        // On Q creating EthernetManager from a thread that does not have a looper (like the test
+        // thread) crashes because it tried to use Looper.myLooper() through the default Handler
+        // constructor to run onAvailabilityChanged callbacks. Use ServiceManager to check whether
+        // the service exists instead.
+        // TODO: remove once Q is no longer supported in MTS, as ServiceManager is hidden API
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
+            return ServiceManager.getService(Context.ETHERNET_SERVICE) != null;
+        }
+        return mContext.getSystemService(Context.ETHERNET_SERVICE) != null;
     }
 
     private boolean shouldBeSupported(int networkType) {
@@ -1590,51 +1627,7 @@
 
     private static boolean isTcpKeepaliveSupportedByKernel() {
         final String kVersionString = VintfRuntimeInfo.getKernelVersion();
-        return compareMajorMinorVersion(kVersionString, "4.8") >= 0;
-    }
-
-    private static Pair<Integer, Integer> getVersionFromString(String version) {
-        // Only gets major and minor number of the version string.
-        final Pattern versionPattern = Pattern.compile("^(\\d+)(\\.(\\d+))?.*");
-        final Matcher m = versionPattern.matcher(version);
-        if (m.matches()) {
-            final int major = Integer.parseInt(m.group(1));
-            final int minor = TextUtils.isEmpty(m.group(3)) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(m.group(3));
-            return new Pair<>(major, minor);
-        } else {
-            return new Pair<>(0, 0);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // TODO: Move to util class.
-    private static int compareMajorMinorVersion(final String s1, final String s2) {
-        final Pair<Integer, Integer> v1 = getVersionFromString(s1);
-        final Pair<Integer, Integer> v2 = getVersionFromString(s2);
-
-        if (v1.first == v2.first) {
-            return Integer.compare(v1.second, v2.second);
-        } else {
-            return Integer.compare(v1.first, v2.first);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Verifies that version string compare logic returns expected result for various cases.
-     * Note that only major and minor number are compared.
-     */
-    @Test
-    public void testMajorMinorVersionCompare() {
-        assertEquals(0, compareMajorMinorVersion("4.8.1", "4.8"));
-        assertEquals(1, compareMajorMinorVersion("4.9", "4.8.1"));
-        assertEquals(1, compareMajorMinorVersion("5.0", "4.8"));
-        assertEquals(1, compareMajorMinorVersion("5", "4.8"));
-        assertEquals(0, compareMajorMinorVersion("5", "5.0"));
-        assertEquals(1, compareMajorMinorVersion("5-beta1", "4.8"));
-        assertEquals(0, compareMajorMinorVersion("4.8.0.0", "4.8"));
-        assertEquals(0, compareMajorMinorVersion("4.8-RC1", "4.8"));
-        assertEquals(0, compareMajorMinorVersion("4.8", "4.8"));
-        assertEquals(-1, compareMajorMinorVersion("3.10", "4.8.0"));
-        assertEquals(-1, compareMajorMinorVersion("4.7.10.10", "4.8"));
+        return DeviceInfoUtils.compareMajorMinorVersion(kVersionString, "4.8") >= 0;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2107,25 +2100,15 @@
 
         try {
             // Verify we cannot set Airplane Mode without correct permission:
-            try {
-                setAndVerifyAirplaneMode(true);
-                fail("SecurityException should have been thrown when setAirplaneMode was called"
-                        + "without holding permission NETWORK_AIRPLANE_MODE.");
-            } catch (SecurityException expected) {}
+            assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> setAndVerifyAirplaneMode(true));
 
             // disable airplane mode again to reach a known state
             runShellCommand("cmd connectivity airplane-mode disable");
 
-            // adopt shell permission which holds NETWORK_AIRPLANE_MODE
-            mUiAutomation.adoptShellPermissionIdentity();
+            // Verify we can enable Airplane Mode with correct permission.
+            // TODO: test that NETWORK_AIRPLANE_MODE works as well, once the shell has it.
+            runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> setAndVerifyAirplaneMode(true));
 
-            // Verify we can enable Airplane Mode with correct permission:
-            try {
-                setAndVerifyAirplaneMode(true);
-            } catch (SecurityException e) {
-                fail("SecurityException should not have been thrown when setAirplaneMode(true) was"
-                        + "called whilst holding the NETWORK_AIRPLANE_MODE permission.");
-            }
             // Verify that the enabling airplane mode takes effect as expected to prevent flakiness
             // caused by fast airplane mode switches. Ensure network lost before turning off
             // airplane mode.
@@ -2133,12 +2116,8 @@
             if (supportTelephony) waitForLost(telephonyCb);
 
             // Verify we can disable Airplane Mode with correct permission:
-            try {
-                setAndVerifyAirplaneMode(false);
-            } catch (SecurityException e) {
-                fail("SecurityException should not have been thrown when setAirplaneMode(false) was"
-                        + "called whilst holding the NETWORK_AIRPLANE_MODE permission.");
-            }
+            runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> setAndVerifyAirplaneMode(false));
+
             // Verify that turning airplane mode off takes effect as expected.
             // connectToCell only registers a request, it cannot / does not need to be called twice
             mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
@@ -2148,7 +2127,6 @@
             // Restore the previous state of airplane mode and permissions:
             runShellCommand("cmd connectivity airplane-mode "
                     + (isAirplaneModeEnabled ? "enable" : "disable"));
-            mUiAutomation.dropShellPermissionIdentity();
         }
     }
 
@@ -2511,17 +2489,24 @@
                 ConnectivitySettingsManager.getNetworkAvoidBadWifi(mContext);
         final int curPrivateDnsMode = ConnectivitySettingsManager.getPrivateDnsMode(mContext);
 
-        TestTetheringEventCallback tetherEventCallback = null;
         final CtsTetheringUtils tetherUtils = new CtsTetheringUtils(mContext);
+        final TestTetheringEventCallback tetherEventCallback =
+                tetherUtils.registerTetheringEventCallback();
         try {
-            tetherEventCallback = tetherUtils.registerTetheringEventCallback();
-            // Adopt for NETWORK_SETTINGS permission.
-            mUiAutomation.adoptShellPermissionIdentity();
-            // start tethering
             tetherEventCallback.assumeWifiTetheringSupported(mContext);
-            tetherUtils.startWifiTethering(tetherEventCallback);
+
+            final TestableNetworkCallback wifiCb = new TestableNetworkCallback();
+            mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+            registerCallbackAndWaitForAvailable(makeWifiNetworkRequest(), wifiCb);
             // Update setting to verify the behavior.
-            mCm.setAirplaneMode(true);
+            setAirplaneMode(true);
+            // Verify wifi lost to make sure airplane mode takes effect. This could
+            // prevent the race condition between airplane mode enabled and the followed
+            // up wifi tethering enabled.
+            waitForLost(wifiCb);
+            // start wifi tethering
+            tetherUtils.startWifiTethering(tetherEventCallback);
+
             ConnectivitySettingsManager.setPrivateDnsMode(mContext,
                     ConnectivitySettingsManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OFF);
             ConnectivitySettingsManager.setNetworkAvoidBadWifi(mContext,
@@ -2529,25 +2514,27 @@
             assertEquals(AIRPLANE_MODE_ON, Settings.Global.getInt(
                     mContext.getContentResolver(), Settings.Global.AIRPLANE_MODE_ON));
             // Verify factoryReset
-            mCm.factoryReset();
+            runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, TETHER_PRIVILEGED, () -> {
+                mCm.factoryReset();
+                tetherEventCallback.expectNoTetheringActive();
+            });
             verifySettings(AIRPLANE_MODE_OFF,
                     ConnectivitySettingsManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OPPORTUNISTIC,
                     ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI_PROMPT);
-
-            tetherEventCallback.expectNoTetheringActive();
         } finally {
             // Restore settings.
-            mCm.setAirplaneMode(false);
+            setAirplaneMode(false);
             ConnectivitySettingsManager.setNetworkAvoidBadWifi(mContext, curAvoidBadWifi);
             ConnectivitySettingsManager.setPrivateDnsMode(mContext, curPrivateDnsMode);
-            if (tetherEventCallback != null) {
-                tetherUtils.unregisterTetheringEventCallback(tetherEventCallback);
-            }
+            tetherUtils.unregisterTetheringEventCallback(tetherEventCallback);
             tetherUtils.stopAllTethering();
-            mUiAutomation.dropShellPermissionIdentity();
         }
     }
 
+    private void setAirplaneMode(boolean enable) {
+        runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> mCm.setAirplaneMode(enable));
+    }
+
     /**
      * Verify that {@link ConnectivityManager#setProfileNetworkPreference} cannot be called
      * without required NETWORK_STACK permissions.
@@ -2764,6 +2751,27 @@
                 mCm.getActiveNetwork(), false /* accept */ , false /* always */));
     }
 
+    private void ensureCellIsValidatedBeforeMockingValidationUrls() {
+        // Verify that current supported network is validated so that the mock http server will not
+        // apply to unexpected networks. Also see aosp/2208680.
+        //
+        // This may also apply to wifi in principle, but in practice methods that mock validation
+        // URL all disconnect wifi forcefully anyway, so don't wait for wifi to validate.
+        if (mPackageManager.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_TELEPHONY)) {
+            ensureValidatedNetwork(makeCellNetworkRequest());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void ensureValidatedNetwork(NetworkRequest request) {
+        final TestableNetworkCallback cb = new TestableNetworkCallback();
+        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(request, cb);
+        cb.eventuallyExpect(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED,
+                NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS,
+                entry -> ((CallbackEntry.CapabilitiesChanged) entry).getCaps()
+                        .hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED));
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cb);
+    }
+
     @AppModeFull(reason = "WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG permission can't be granted to instant apps")
     @Test
     public void testAcceptPartialConnectivity_validatedNetwork() throws Exception {
@@ -2784,9 +2792,8 @@
             // Accept partial connectivity network should result in a validated network
             expectNetworkHasCapability(network, NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS);
         } finally {
-            resetValidationConfig();
-            // Reconnect wifi to reset the wifi status
-            reconnectWifi();
+            mHttpServer.stop();
+            mTestValidationConfigRule.runAfterNextCleanup(this::reconnectWifi);
         }
     }
 
@@ -2811,11 +2818,13 @@
             // Reject partial connectivity network should cause the network being torn down
             assertEquals(network, cb.waitForLost());
         } finally {
-            resetValidationConfig();
+            mHttpServer.stop();
             // Wifi will not automatically reconnect to the network. ensureWifiDisconnected cannot
             // apply here. Thus, turn off wifi first and restart to restore.
-            runShellCommand("svc wifi disable");
-            mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+            mTestValidationConfigRule.runAfterNextCleanup(() -> {
+                runShellCommand("svc wifi disable");
+                mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+            });
         }
     }
 
@@ -2851,11 +2860,13 @@
             });
             waitForLost(wifiCb);
         } finally {
-            resetValidationConfig();
+            mHttpServer.stop();
             /// Wifi will not automatically reconnect to the network. ensureWifiDisconnected cannot
             // apply here. Thus, turn off wifi first and restart to restore.
-            runShellCommand("svc wifi disable");
-            mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+            mTestValidationConfigRule.runAfterNextCleanup(() -> {
+                runShellCommand("svc wifi disable");
+                mCtsNetUtils.ensureWifiConnected();
+            });
         }
     }
 
@@ -2892,7 +2903,8 @@
             assertTrue(mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(wifiNetwork).hasCapability(
                     NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED));
 
-            // Configure response code for unvalidated network
+            // The cell network has already been checked to be validated.
+            // Configure response code for unvalidated network.
             configTestServer(Status.INTERNAL_ERROR, Status.INTERNAL_ERROR);
             mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(wifiNetwork, false);
             // Default network should stay on unvalidated wifi because avoid bad wifi is disabled.
@@ -2915,9 +2927,8 @@
             wifiCb.assertNoCallbackThat(NO_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS, c -> isValidatedCaps(c));
         } finally {
             resetAvoidBadWifi(previousAvoidBadWifi);
-            resetValidationConfig();
-            // Reconnect wifi to reset the wifi status
-            reconnectWifi();
+            mHttpServer.stop();
+            mTestValidationConfigRule.runAfterNextCleanup(this::reconnectWifi);
         }
     }
 
@@ -2961,11 +2972,6 @@
         return future.get(timeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
     }
 
-    private void resetValidationConfig() {
-        NetworkValidationTestUtil.clearValidationTestUrlsDeviceConfig();
-        mHttpServer.stop();
-    }
-
     private void prepareHttpServer() throws Exception {
         runAsShell(READ_DEVICE_CONFIG, () -> {
             // Verify that the test URLs are not normally set on the device, but do not fail if the
@@ -2986,6 +2992,8 @@
     }
 
     private Network prepareValidatedNetwork() throws Exception {
+        ensureCellIsValidatedBeforeMockingValidationUrls();
+
         prepareHttpServer();
         configTestServer(Status.NO_CONTENT, Status.NO_CONTENT);
         // Disconnect wifi first then start wifi network with configuration.
@@ -2996,6 +3004,8 @@
     }
 
     private Network preparePartialConnectivity() throws Exception {
+        ensureCellIsValidatedBeforeMockingValidationUrls();
+
         prepareHttpServer();
         // Configure response code for partial connectivity
         configTestServer(Status.INTERNAL_ERROR  /* httpsStatusCode */,
@@ -3009,6 +3019,8 @@
     }
 
     private Network prepareUnvalidatedNetwork() throws Exception {
+        ensureCellIsValidatedBeforeMockingValidationUrls();
+
         prepareHttpServer();
         // Configure response code for unvalidated network
         configTestServer(Status.INTERNAL_ERROR /* httpsStatusCode */,
@@ -3038,9 +3050,11 @@
         mHttpServer.addResponse(new TestHttpServer.Request(
                 TEST_HTTP_URL_PATH, Method.GET, "" /* queryParameters */),
                 httpStatusCode, null /* locationHeader */, "" /* content */);
-        NetworkValidationTestUtil.setHttpsUrlDeviceConfig(makeUrl(TEST_HTTPS_URL_PATH));
-        NetworkValidationTestUtil.setHttpUrlDeviceConfig(makeUrl(TEST_HTTP_URL_PATH));
-        NetworkValidationTestUtil.setUrlExpirationDeviceConfig(
+        NetworkValidationTestUtil.setHttpsUrlDeviceConfig(mTestValidationConfigRule,
+                makeUrl(TEST_HTTPS_URL_PATH));
+        NetworkValidationTestUtil.setHttpUrlDeviceConfig(mTestValidationConfigRule,
+                makeUrl(TEST_HTTP_URL_PATH));
+        NetworkValidationTestUtil.setUrlExpirationDeviceConfig(mTestValidationConfigRule,
                 System.currentTimeMillis() + WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MS);
     }
 
@@ -3197,7 +3211,7 @@
     @AppModeFull(reason = "WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS permission can't be granted to instant apps")
     @Test
     public void testUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks() throws Exception {
-        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestSApis());
+        assumeTestSApis();
 
         // TODO (b/175199465): figure out a reasonable permission check for
         //  setUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks that allows tests but not system-external callers.
@@ -3210,10 +3224,10 @@
         // because it has been just installed to device. In case the uid is existed in setting
         // mistakenly, try to remove the uid and set correct uids to setting.
         originalUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks.remove(uid);
-        runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() ->
-                ConnectivitySettingsManager.setUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks(
-                        mContext, originalUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+        runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> setUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks(
+                mContext, originalUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
 
+        // File a restricted network request with permission first to hold the connection.
         final TestableNetworkCallback testNetworkCb = new TestableNetworkCallback();
         final NetworkRequest testRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST)
@@ -3225,6 +3239,19 @@
         runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> requestNetwork(testRequest, testNetworkCb),
                 CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS);
 
+        // File another restricted network request without permission.
+        final TestableNetworkCallback restrictedNetworkCb = new TestableNetworkCallback();
+        final NetworkRequest restrictedRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST)
+                .removeCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_TRUSTED)
+                .removeCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED)
+                .setNetworkSpecifier(CompatUtil.makeTestNetworkSpecifier(
+                        TEST_RESTRICTED_NW_IFACE_NAME))
+                .build();
+        // Uid is not in allowed list and no permissions. Expect that SecurityException will throw.
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class,
+                () -> mCm.requestNetwork(restrictedRequest, restrictedNetworkCb));
+
         final NetworkAgent agent = createRestrictedNetworkAgent(mContext);
         final Network network = agent.getNetwork();
 
@@ -3244,19 +3271,28 @@
             final Set<Integer> newUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks =
                     new ArraySet<>(originalUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks);
             newUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks.add(uid);
-            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() ->
-                    ConnectivitySettingsManager.setUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks(
-                            mContext, newUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> setUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks(
+                    mContext, newUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
             // Wait a while for sending allowed uids on the restricted network to netd.
-            // TODD: Have a significant signal to know the uids has been send to netd.
+            // TODD: Have a significant signal to know the uids has been sent to netd.
             assertBindSocketToNetworkSuccess(network);
+
+            if (TestUtils.shouldTestTApis()) {
+                // Uid is in allowed list. Try file network request again.
+                requestNetwork(restrictedRequest, restrictedNetworkCb);
+                // Verify that the network is restricted.
+                restrictedNetworkCb.eventuallyExpect(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED,
+                        NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS,
+                        entry -> network.equals(entry.getNetwork())
+                                && (!((CallbackEntry.CapabilitiesChanged) entry).getCaps()
+                                .hasCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED)));
+            }
         } finally {
             agent.unregister();
 
             // Restore setting.
-            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() ->
-                    ConnectivitySettingsManager.setUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks(
-                            mContext, originalUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+            runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> setUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks(
+                    mContext, originalUidsAllowedOnRestrictedNetworks), NETWORK_SETTINGS);
         }
     }
 
@@ -3280,6 +3316,111 @@
         assertTrue(dumpOutput, dumpOutput.contains("BPF map content"));
     }
 
+    private void checkFirewallBlocking(final DatagramSocket srcSock, final DatagramSocket dstSock,
+            final boolean expectBlock) throws Exception {
+        final Random random = new Random();
+        final byte[] sendData = new byte[100];
+        random.nextBytes(sendData);
+
+        final DatagramPacket pkt = new DatagramPacket(sendData, sendData.length,
+                InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("::1"), dstSock.getLocalPort());
+        try {
+            srcSock.send(pkt);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            if (expectBlock) {
+                return;
+            }
+            fail("Expect not to be blocked by firewall but sending packet was blocked");
+        }
+
+        if (expectBlock) {
+            fail("Expect to be blocked by firewall but sending packet was not blocked");
+        }
+
+        dstSock.receive(pkt);
+        assertArrayEquals(sendData, pkt.getData());
+    }
+
+    private static final boolean EXPECT_PASS = false;
+    private static final boolean EXPECT_BLOCK = true;
+    private static final boolean ALLOWLIST = true;
+    private static final boolean DENYLIST = false;
+
+    private void doTestFirewallBlocking(final int chain, final boolean isAllowList) {
+        final int myUid = Process.myUid();
+        final int ruleToAddMatch = isAllowList ? FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW : FIREWALL_RULE_DENY;
+        final int ruleToRemoveMatch = isAllowList ? FIREWALL_RULE_DENY : FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW;
+
+        runWithShellPermissionIdentity(() -> {
+            // Firewall chain status will be restored after the test.
+            final boolean wasChainEnabled = mCm.getFirewallChainEnabled(chain);
+            final DatagramSocket srcSock = new DatagramSocket();
+            final DatagramSocket dstSock = new DatagramSocket();
+            testAndCleanup(() -> {
+                if (wasChainEnabled) {
+                    mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, false /* enable */);
+                }
+                dstSock.setSoTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT_MS);
+
+                // Chain disabled, UID not on chain.
+                checkFirewallBlocking(srcSock, dstSock, EXPECT_PASS);
+
+                // Chain enabled, UID not on chain.
+                mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, true /* enable */);
+                assertTrue(mCm.getFirewallChainEnabled(chain));
+                checkFirewallBlocking(srcSock, dstSock, isAllowList ? EXPECT_BLOCK : EXPECT_PASS);
+
+                // Chain enabled, UID on chain.
+                mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid, ruleToAddMatch);
+                checkFirewallBlocking(srcSock, dstSock, isAllowList ?  EXPECT_PASS : EXPECT_BLOCK);
+
+                // Chain disabled, UID on chain.
+                mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, false /* enable */);
+                assertFalse(mCm.getFirewallChainEnabled(chain));
+                checkFirewallBlocking(srcSock, dstSock, EXPECT_PASS);
+
+                // Chain disabled, UID not on chain.
+                mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid, ruleToRemoveMatch);
+                checkFirewallBlocking(srcSock, dstSock, EXPECT_PASS);
+            }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+                    srcSock.close();
+                    dstSock.close();
+                }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+                    // Restore the global chain status
+                    mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, wasChainEnabled);
+                }, /* cleanup */ () -> {
+                    try {
+                        mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, myUid, ruleToRemoveMatch);
+                    } catch (IllegalStateException ignored) {
+                        // Removing match causes an exception when the rule entry for the uid does
+                        // not exist. But this is fine and can be ignored.
+                    }
+                });
+        }, NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2) @ConnectivityModuleTest
+    @AppModeFull(reason = "Socket cannot bind in instant app mode")
+    public void testFirewallBlocking() {
+        // ALLOWLIST means the firewall denies all by default, uids must be explicitly allowed
+        doTestFirewallBlocking(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, ALLOWLIST);
+        doTestFirewallBlocking(FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE, ALLOWLIST);
+        doTestFirewallBlocking(FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED, ALLOWLIST);
+        doTestFirewallBlocking(FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY, ALLOWLIST);
+
+        // DENYLIST means the firewall allows all by default, uids must be explicitly denyed
+        doTestFirewallBlocking(FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY, DENYLIST);
+        doTestFirewallBlocking(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1, DENYLIST);
+        doTestFirewallBlocking(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2, DENYLIST);
+        doTestFirewallBlocking(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3, DENYLIST);
+    }
+
+    private void assumeTestSApis() {
+        // Cannot use @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R) because this test also requires API 31
+        // shims, and @IgnoreUpTo does not check that.
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestSApis());
+    }
+
     private void unregisterRegisteredCallbacks() {
         for (NetworkCallback callback: mRegisteredCallbacks) {
             mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(callback);
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/DeviceConfigRule.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/DeviceConfigRule.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a36cee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/DeviceConfigRule.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net.cts
+
+import android.Manifest.permission.READ_DEVICE_CONFIG
+import android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG
+import android.provider.DeviceConfig
+import android.util.Log
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel
+import com.android.testutils.FunctionalUtils.ThrowingRunnable
+import com.android.testutils.runAsShell
+import com.android.testutils.tryTest
+import org.junit.rules.TestRule
+import org.junit.runner.Description
+import org.junit.runners.model.Statement
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
+
+private val TAG = DeviceConfigRule::class.simpleName
+
+/**
+ * A [TestRule] that helps set [DeviceConfig] for tests and clean up the test configuration
+ * automatically on teardown.
+ *
+ * The rule can also optionally retry tests when they fail following an external change of
+ * DeviceConfig before S; this typically happens because device config flags are synced while the
+ * test is running, and DisableConfigSyncTargetPreparer is only usable starting from S.
+ *
+ * @param retryCountBeforeSIfConfigChanged if > 0, when the test fails before S, check if
+ *        the configs that were set through this rule were changed, and retry the test
+ *        up to the specified number of times if yes.
+ */
+class DeviceConfigRule @JvmOverloads constructor(
+    val retryCountBeforeSIfConfigChanged: Int = 0
+) : TestRule {
+    // Maps (namespace, key) -> value
+    private val originalConfig = mutableMapOf<Pair<String, String>, String?>()
+    private val usedConfig = mutableMapOf<Pair<String, String>, String?>()
+
+    /**
+     * Actions to be run after cleanup of the config, for the current test only.
+     */
+    private val currentTestCleanupActions = mutableListOf<ThrowingRunnable>()
+
+    override fun apply(base: Statement, description: Description): Statement {
+        return TestValidationUrlStatement(base, description)
+    }
+
+    private inner class TestValidationUrlStatement(
+        private val base: Statement,
+        private val description: Description
+    ) : Statement() {
+        override fun evaluate() {
+            var retryCount = if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastS()) 1 else retryCountBeforeSIfConfigChanged + 1
+            while (retryCount > 0) {
+                retryCount--
+                tryTest {
+                    base.evaluate()
+                    // Can't use break/return out of a loop here because this is a tryTest lambda,
+                    // so set retryCount to exit instead
+                    retryCount = 0
+                }.catch<Throwable> { e -> // junit AssertionFailedError does not extend Exception
+                    if (retryCount == 0) throw e
+                    usedConfig.forEach { (key, value) ->
+                        val currentValue = runAsShell(READ_DEVICE_CONFIG) {
+                            DeviceConfig.getProperty(key.first, key.second)
+                        }
+                        if (currentValue != value) {
+                            Log.w(TAG, "Test failed with unexpected device config change, retrying")
+                            return@catch
+                        }
+                    }
+                    throw e
+                } cleanupStep {
+                    runAsShell(WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG) {
+                        originalConfig.forEach { (key, value) ->
+                            DeviceConfig.setProperty(
+                                    key.first, key.second, value, false /* makeDefault */)
+                        }
+                    }
+                } cleanupStep {
+                    originalConfig.clear()
+                    usedConfig.clear()
+                } cleanup {
+                    // Fold all cleanup actions into cleanup steps of an empty tryTest, so they are
+                    // all run even if exceptions are thrown, and exceptions are reported properly.
+                    currentTestCleanupActions.fold(tryTest { }) {
+                        tryBlock, action -> tryBlock.cleanupStep { action.run() }
+                    }.cleanup {
+                        currentTestCleanupActions.clear()
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set a configuration key/value. After the test case ends, it will be restored to the value it
+     * had when this method was first called.
+     */
+    fun setConfig(namespace: String, key: String, value: String?): String? {
+        Log.i(TAG, "Setting config \"$key\" to \"$value\"")
+        val readWritePermissions = arrayOf(READ_DEVICE_CONFIG, WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG)
+
+        val keyPair = Pair(namespace, key)
+        val existingValue = runAsShell(*readWritePermissions) {
+            DeviceConfig.getProperty(namespace, key)
+        }
+        if (!originalConfig.containsKey(keyPair)) {
+            originalConfig[keyPair] = existingValue
+        }
+        usedConfig[keyPair] = value
+        if (existingValue == value) {
+            // Already the correct value. There may be a race if a change is already in flight,
+            // but if multiple threads update the config there is no way to fix that anyway.
+            Log.i(TAG, "\"$key\" already had value \"$value\"")
+            return value
+        }
+
+        val future = CompletableFuture<String>()
+        val listener = DeviceConfig.OnPropertiesChangedListener {
+            // The listener receives updates for any change to any key, so don't react to
+            // changes that do not affect the relevant key
+            if (!it.keyset.contains(key)) return@OnPropertiesChangedListener
+            // "null" means absent in DeviceConfig : there is no such thing as a present but
+            // null value, so the following works even if |value| is null.
+            if (it.getString(key, null) == value) {
+                future.complete(value)
+            }
+        }
+
+        return tryTest {
+            runAsShell(*readWritePermissions) {
+                DeviceConfig.addOnPropertiesChangedListener(
+                        DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
+                        inlineExecutor,
+                        listener)
+                DeviceConfig.setProperty(
+                        DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
+                        key,
+                        value,
+                        false /* makeDefault */)
+                // Don't drop the permission until the config is applied, just in case
+                future.get(NetworkValidationTestUtil.TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+            }.also {
+                Log.i(TAG, "Config \"$key\" successfully set to \"$value\"")
+            }
+        } cleanup {
+            DeviceConfig.removeOnPropertiesChangedListener(listener)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private val inlineExecutor get() = Executor { r -> r.run() }
+
+    /**
+     * Add an action to be run after config cleanup when the current test case ends.
+     */
+    fun runAfterNextCleanup(action: ThrowingRunnable) {
+        currentTestCleanupActions.add(action)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/DnsResolverTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/DnsResolverTest.java
index c6fc38f..3821cea 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/DnsResolverTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/DnsResolverTest.java
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.Looper;
 import android.platform.test.annotations.AppModeFull;
+import android.provider.Settings;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
@@ -199,13 +200,13 @@
             super(data);
 
             // Check QR field.(query (0), or a response (1)).
-            if ((mHeader.flags & (1 << 15)) == 0) {
+            if ((mHeader.getFlags() & (1 << 15)) == 0) {
                 throw new DnsParseException("Not an answer packet");
             }
         }
 
         int getRcode() {
-            return mHeader.rcode;
+            return mHeader.getFlags() & 0x0F;
         }
 
         int getANCount() {
@@ -727,6 +728,18 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testPrivateDnsBypass() throws InterruptedException {
+        final String dataStallSetting = Settings.Global.getString(mCR,
+                Settings.Global.DATA_STALL_RECOVERY_ON_BAD_NETWORK);
+        Settings.Global.putInt(mCR, Settings.Global.DATA_STALL_RECOVERY_ON_BAD_NETWORK, 0);
+        try {
+            doTestPrivateDnsBypass();
+        } finally {
+            Settings.Global.putString(mCR, Settings.Global.DATA_STALL_RECOVERY_ON_BAD_NETWORK,
+                    dataStallSetting);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void doTestPrivateDnsBypass() throws InterruptedException {
         final Network[] testNetworks = getTestableNetworks();
 
         // Set an invalid private DNS server
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/DscpPolicyTest.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/DscpPolicyTest.kt
index e8add6b..8940075 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/DscpPolicyTest.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/DscpPolicyTest.kt
@@ -16,10 +16,8 @@
 
 package android.net.cts
 
-import android.net.cts.util.CtsNetUtils.TestNetworkCallback
-
-import android.app.Instrumentation
 import android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS
+import android.app.Instrumentation
 import android.content.Context
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager
 import android.net.DscpPolicy
@@ -27,6 +25,8 @@
 import android.net.IpPrefix
 import android.net.LinkAddress
 import android.net.LinkProperties
+import android.net.MacAddress
+import android.net.Network
 import android.net.NetworkAgent
 import android.net.NetworkAgent.DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_DELETED
 import android.net.NetworkAgent.DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS
@@ -41,36 +41,46 @@
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_TRUSTED
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST
 import android.net.NetworkRequest
+import android.net.RouteInfo
 import android.net.TestNetworkInterface
 import android.net.TestNetworkManager
-import android.net.RouteInfo
+import android.net.cts.util.CtsNetUtils.TestNetworkCallback
 import android.os.HandlerThread
+import android.os.SystemClock
 import android.platform.test.annotations.AppModeFull
+import android.system.ErrnoException
 import android.system.Os
 import android.system.OsConstants.AF_INET
+import android.system.OsConstants.AF_INET6
+import android.system.OsConstants.ENETUNREACH
 import android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP
 import android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_DGRAM
 import android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_NONBLOCK
+import android.util.Log
 import android.util.Range
 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4
+import com.android.net.module.util.IpUtils
+import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_TYPE_IPV4
+import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_TYPE_IPV6
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct
+import com.android.net.module.util.structs.EthernetHeader
+import com.android.testutils.ArpResponder
 import com.android.testutils.CompatUtil
+import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
-import com.android.testutils.assertParcelingIsLossless
-import com.android.testutils.runAsShell
+import com.android.testutils.RouterAdvertisementResponder
 import com.android.testutils.SC_V2
 import com.android.testutils.TapPacketReader
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkAgent
-import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnNetworkCreated
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated
+import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnNetworkCreated
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallback
-import org.junit.After
-import org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue
-import org.junit.Before
-import org.junit.Rule
-import org.junit.Test
-import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import com.android.testutils.assertParcelingIsLossless
+import com.android.testutils.runAsShell
 import java.net.Inet4Address
+import java.net.Inet6Address
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer
 import java.nio.ByteOrder
 import java.util.regex.Pattern
@@ -78,9 +88,18 @@
 import kotlin.test.assertNotNull
 import kotlin.test.assertTrue
 import kotlin.test.fail
+import org.junit.After
+import org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Rule
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
 
 private const val MAX_PACKET_LENGTH = 1500
 
+private const val IP4_PREFIX_LEN = 32
+private const val IP6_PREFIX_LEN = 128
+
 private val instrumentation: Instrumentation
     get() = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation()
 
@@ -89,6 +108,7 @@
 
 @AppModeFull(reason = "Instant apps cannot create test networks")
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@ConnectivityModuleTest
 class DscpPolicyTest {
     @JvmField
     @Rule
@@ -96,7 +116,12 @@
 
     private val LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.1")
     private val TEST_TARGET_IPV4_ADDR =
-            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("8.8.8.8") as Inet4Address
+            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("203.0.113.1") as Inet4Address
+    private val TEST_TARGET_IPV6_ADDR =
+        InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("2001:4860:4860::8888") as Inet6Address
+    private val TEST_ROUTER_IPV6_ADDR =
+        InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("fe80::1234") as Inet6Address
+    private val TEST_TARGET_MAC_ADDR = MacAddress.fromString("12:34:56:78:9a:bc")
 
     private val realContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext()
     private val cm = realContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager::class.java)
@@ -106,9 +131,12 @@
 
     private val handlerThread = HandlerThread(DscpPolicyTest::class.java.simpleName)
 
+    private lateinit var srcAddressV6: Inet6Address
     private lateinit var iface: TestNetworkInterface
     private lateinit var tunNetworkCallback: TestNetworkCallback
     private lateinit var reader: TapPacketReader
+    private lateinit var arpResponder: ArpResponder
+    private lateinit var raResponder: RouterAdvertisementResponder
 
     private fun getKernelVersion(): IntArray {
         // Example:
@@ -119,6 +147,7 @@
         return intArrayOf(Integer.parseInt(m.group(1)), Integer.parseInt(m.group(2)))
     }
 
+    // TODO: replace with DeviceInfoUtils#isKernelVersionAtLeast
     private fun kernelIsAtLeast(major: Int, minor: Int): Boolean {
         val version = getKernelVersion()
         return (version.get(0) > major || (version.get(0) == major && version.get(1) >= minor))
@@ -126,13 +155,15 @@
 
     @Before
     fun setUp() {
-        // For BPF support kernel needs to be at least 5.4.
-        assumeTrue(kernelIsAtLeast(5, 4))
+        // For BPF support kernel needs to be at least 5.15.
+        assumeTrue(kernelIsAtLeast(5, 15))
 
         runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
             val tnm = realContext.getSystemService(TestNetworkManager::class.java)
 
-            iface = tnm.createTunInterface(Array(1) { LinkAddress(LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS, 32) })
+            // Only statically configure the IPv4 address; for IPv6, use the SLAAC generated
+            // address.
+            iface = tnm.createTapInterface(arrayOf(LinkAddress(LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS, IP4_PREFIX_LEN)))
             assertNotNull(iface)
         }
 
@@ -142,19 +173,30 @@
                 iface.fileDescriptor.fileDescriptor,
                 MAX_PACKET_LENGTH)
         reader.startAsyncForTest()
+
+        arpResponder = ArpResponder(reader, mapOf(TEST_TARGET_IPV4_ADDR to TEST_TARGET_MAC_ADDR))
+        arpResponder.start()
+        raResponder = RouterAdvertisementResponder(reader)
+        raResponder.addRouterEntry(TEST_TARGET_MAC_ADDR, TEST_ROUTER_IPV6_ADDR)
+        raResponder.start()
     }
 
     @After
     fun tearDown() {
-        if (!kernelIsAtLeast(5, 4)) {
-            return;
+        if (!kernelIsAtLeast(5, 15)) {
+            return
         }
+        raResponder.stop()
+        arpResponder.stop()
+
         agentsToCleanUp.forEach { it.unregister() }
         callbacksToCleanUp.forEach { cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(it) }
 
         // reader.stop() cleans up tun fd
         reader.handler.post { reader.stop() }
+        // quitSafely processes all events in the queue, except delayed messages.
         handlerThread.quitSafely()
+        handlerThread.join()
     }
 
     private fun requestNetwork(request: NetworkRequest, callback: TestableNetworkCallback) {
@@ -175,6 +217,38 @@
                 .build()
     }
 
+    private fun waitForGlobalIpv6Address(network: Network): Inet6Address {
+        // Wait for global IPv6 address to be available
+        var inet6Addr: Inet6Address? = null
+        val onLinkPrefix = raResponder.prefix
+        val startTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
+        while (SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startTime < PACKET_TIMEOUT_MS) {
+            SystemClock.sleep(50 /* ms */)
+            val sock = Os.socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP)
+            try {
+                network.bindSocket(sock)
+
+                try {
+                    // Pick any arbitrary port
+                    Os.connect(sock, TEST_TARGET_IPV6_ADDR, 12345)
+                } catch (e: ErrnoException) {
+                    // there may not be an address available yet.
+                    if (e.errno == ENETUNREACH) continue
+                    throw e
+                }
+                val sockAddr = Os.getsockname(sock) as InetSocketAddress
+                if (onLinkPrefix.contains(sockAddr.address)) {
+                    inet6Addr = sockAddr.address as Inet6Address
+                    break
+                }
+            } finally {
+                Os.close(sock)
+            }
+        }
+        assertNotNull(inet6Addr)
+        return inet6Addr!!
+    }
+
     private fun createConnectedNetworkAgent(
         context: Context = realContext,
         specifier: String? = iface.getInterfaceName()
@@ -196,9 +270,9 @@
             }
         }
         val lp = LinkProperties().apply {
-            addLinkAddress(LinkAddress(LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS, 32))
+            addLinkAddress(LinkAddress(LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS, IP4_PREFIX_LEN))
             addRoute(RouteInfo(IpPrefix("0.0.0.0/0"), null, null))
-            setInterfaceName(iface.getInterfaceName())
+            setInterfaceName(specifier)
         }
         val config = NetworkAgentConfig.Builder().build()
         val agent = TestableNetworkAgent(context, handlerThread.looper, nc, lp, config)
@@ -210,7 +284,9 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnNetworkCreated>()
         agent.expectSignalStrengths(intArrayOf())
         agent.expectValidationBypassedStatus()
+
         val network = agent.network ?: fail("Expected a non-null network")
+        srcAddressV6 = waitForGlobalIpv6Address(network)
         return agent to callback
     }
 
@@ -218,47 +294,135 @@
         eachByte -> "%02x".format(eachByte)
     }
 
-    fun checkDscpValue(
+    fun sendPacket(
         agent: TestableNetworkAgent,
-        callback: TestableNetworkCallback,
-        dscpValue: Int = 0,
+        sendV6: Boolean,
         dstPort: Int = 0
     ) {
         val testString = "test string"
         val testPacket = ByteBuffer.wrap(testString.toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8))
         var packetFound = false
 
-        val socket = Os.socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM or SOCK_NONBLOCK, IPPROTO_UDP)
+        val socket = Os.socket(if (sendV6) AF_INET6 else AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM or SOCK_NONBLOCK,
+                IPPROTO_UDP)
         agent.network.bindSocket(socket)
 
         val originalPacket = testPacket.readAsArray()
-        Os.sendto(socket, originalPacket, 0 /* bytesOffset */, originalPacket.size,
-                0 /* flags */, TEST_TARGET_IPV4_ADDR, dstPort)
-
+        Os.sendto(socket, originalPacket, 0 /* bytesOffset */, originalPacket.size, 0 /* flags */,
+                if (sendV6) TEST_TARGET_IPV6_ADDR else TEST_TARGET_IPV4_ADDR, dstPort)
         Os.close(socket)
-        generateSequence { reader.poll(PACKET_TIMEOUT_MS) }.forEach { packet ->
+    }
+
+    fun parseV4PacketDscp(buffer: ByteBuffer): Int {
+        // Validate checksum before parsing packet.
+        val calCheck = IpUtils.ipChecksum(buffer, Struct.getSize(EthernetHeader::class.java))
+        assertEquals(0, calCheck, "Invalid IPv4 header checksum")
+
+        val ip_ver = buffer.get()
+        val tos = buffer.get()
+        val length = buffer.getShort()
+        val id = buffer.getShort()
+        val offset = buffer.getShort()
+        val ttl = buffer.get()
+        val ipType = buffer.get()
+        val checksum = buffer.getShort()
+
+        if (ipType.toInt() == 2 /* IPPROTO_IGMP */ && ip_ver.toInt() == 0x46) {
+            // Need to ignore 'igmp v3 report' with 'router alert' option
+        } else {
+            assertEquals(0x45, ip_ver.toInt(), "Invalid IPv4 version or IPv4 options present")
+        }
+        return tos.toInt().shr(2)
+    }
+
+    fun parseV6PacketDscp(buffer: ByteBuffer): Int {
+        val ip_ver = buffer.get()
+        val tc = buffer.get()
+        val fl = buffer.getShort()
+        val length = buffer.getShort()
+        val proto = buffer.get()
+        val hop = buffer.get()
+
+        assertEquals(6, ip_ver.toInt().shr(4), "Invalid IPv6 version")
+
+        // DSCP is bottom 4 bits of ip_ver and top 2 of tc.
+        val ip_ver_bottom = ip_ver.toInt().and(0xf)
+        val tc_dscp = tc.toInt().shr(6)
+        return ip_ver_bottom.toInt().shl(2) + tc_dscp
+    }
+
+    fun parsePacketIp(
+        buffer: ByteBuffer,
+        sendV6: Boolean
+    ): Boolean {
+        val ipAddr = if (sendV6) ByteArray(16) else ByteArray(4)
+        buffer.get(ipAddr)
+        val srcIp = if (sendV6) Inet6Address.getByAddress(ipAddr)
+                else Inet4Address.getByAddress(ipAddr)
+        buffer.get(ipAddr)
+        val dstIp = if (sendV6) Inet6Address.getByAddress(ipAddr)
+                else Inet4Address.getByAddress(ipAddr)
+
+        Log.e(TAG, "IP Src:" + srcIp + " dst: " + dstIp)
+
+        if ((sendV6 && srcIp == srcAddressV6 && dstIp == TEST_TARGET_IPV6_ADDR) ||
+                (!sendV6 && srcIp == LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS && dstIp == TEST_TARGET_IPV4_ADDR)) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "IP return true")
+            return true
+        }
+        Log.e(TAG, "IP return false")
+        return false
+    }
+
+    fun parsePacketPort(
+        buffer: ByteBuffer,
+        srcPort: Int,
+        dstPort: Int
+    ): Boolean {
+        if (srcPort == 0 && dstPort == 0) return true
+
+        val packetSrcPort = buffer.getShort().toInt()
+        val packetDstPort = buffer.getShort().toInt()
+
+        Log.e(TAG, "Port Src:" + packetSrcPort + " dst: " + packetDstPort)
+
+        if ((srcPort == 0 || (srcPort != 0 && srcPort == packetSrcPort)) &&
+                (dstPort == 0 || (dstPort != 0 && dstPort == packetDstPort))) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Port return true")
+            return true
+        }
+        Log.e(TAG, "Port return false")
+        return false
+    }
+
+    fun validatePacket(
+        agent: TestableNetworkAgent,
+        sendV6: Boolean = false,
+        dscpValue: Int = 0,
+        dstPort: Int = 0
+    ) {
+        var packetFound = false
+        sendPacket(agent, sendV6, dstPort)
+        // TODO: grab source port from socket in sendPacket
+
+        Log.e(TAG, "find DSCP value:" + dscpValue)
+        val packets = generateSequence { reader.poll(PACKET_TIMEOUT_MS) }
+        for (packet in packets) {
             val buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(packet, 0, packet.size).order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN)
-            val ip_ver = buffer.get()
-            val tos = buffer.get()
-            val length = buffer.getShort()
-            val id = buffer.getShort()
-            val offset = buffer.getShort()
-            val ttl = buffer.get()
-            val ipType = buffer.get()
-            val checksum = buffer.getShort()
 
-            val ipAddr = ByteArray(4)
-            buffer.get(ipAddr)
-            val srcIp = Inet4Address.getByAddress(ipAddr)
-            buffer.get(ipAddr)
-            val dstIp = Inet4Address.getByAddress(ipAddr)
-            val packetSrcPort = buffer.getShort().toInt()
-            val packetDstPort = buffer.getShort().toInt()
+            // TODO: consider using Struct.parse for all packet parsing.
+            val etherHdr = Struct.parse(EthernetHeader::class.java, buffer)
+            val expectedType = if (sendV6) ETHER_TYPE_IPV6 else ETHER_TYPE_IPV4
+            if (etherHdr.etherType != expectedType) {
+                continue
+            }
+            val dscp = if (sendV6) parseV6PacketDscp(buffer) else parseV4PacketDscp(buffer)
+            Log.e(TAG, "DSCP value:" + dscp)
 
-            // TODO: Add source port comparison.
-            if (srcIp == LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS && dstIp == TEST_TARGET_IPV4_ADDR &&
-                    packetDstPort == dstPort) {
-                assertEquals(dscpValue, (tos.toInt().shr(2)))
+            // TODO: Add source port comparison. Use 0 for now.
+            if (parsePacketIp(buffer, sendV6) && parsePacketPort(buffer, 0, dstPort)) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "DSCP value found")
+                assertEquals(dscpValue, dscp)
                 packetFound = true
             }
         }
@@ -275,12 +439,12 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(policyId, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_DELETED, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dstPort = portNumber)
         }
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testDscpPolicyAddPolicies(): Unit = createConnectedNetworkAgent().let { (agent, callback) ->
+    fun testDscpPolicyAddPolicies(): Unit = createConnectedNetworkAgent().let {
+                (agent, callback) ->
         val policy = DscpPolicy.Builder(1, 1)
                 .setDestinationPortRange(Range(4444, 4444)).build()
         agent.sendAddDscpPolicy(policy)
@@ -288,8 +452,10 @@
             assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
         }
-
-        checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 4444)
+        validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 4444)
+        // Send a second packet to validate that the stored BPF policy
+        // is correct for subsequent packets.
+        validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 4444)
 
         agent.sendRemoveDscpPolicy(1)
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
@@ -298,15 +464,57 @@
         }
 
         val policy2 = DscpPolicy.Builder(1, 4)
-                .setDestinationPortRange(Range(5555, 5555)).setSourceAddress(LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS)
-                .setDestinationAddress(TEST_TARGET_IPV4_ADDR).setProtocol(IPPROTO_UDP).build()
+                .setDestinationPortRange(Range(5555, 5555))
+                .setDestinationAddress(TEST_TARGET_IPV4_ADDR)
+                .setSourceAddress(LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS)
+                .setProtocol(IPPROTO_UDP).build()
         agent.sendAddDscpPolicy(policy2)
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
         }
 
-        checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 4, dstPort = 5555)
+        validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 4, dstPort = 5555)
+
+        agent.sendRemoveDscpPolicy(1)
+        agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
+            assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
+            assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_DELETED, it.status)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testDscpPolicyAddV6Policies(): Unit = createConnectedNetworkAgent().let {
+                (agent, callback) ->
+        val policy = DscpPolicy.Builder(1, 1)
+                .setDestinationPortRange(Range(4444, 4444)).build()
+        agent.sendAddDscpPolicy(policy)
+        agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
+            assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
+            assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
+        }
+        validatePacket(agent, true, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 4444)
+        // Send a second packet to validate that the stored BPF policy
+        // is correct for subsequent packets.
+        validatePacket(agent, true, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 4444)
+
+        agent.sendRemoveDscpPolicy(1)
+        agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
+            assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
+            assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_DELETED, it.status)
+        }
+
+        val policy2 = DscpPolicy.Builder(1, 4)
+                .setDestinationPortRange(Range(5555, 5555))
+                .setDestinationAddress(TEST_TARGET_IPV6_ADDR)
+                .setSourceAddress(srcAddressV6)
+                .setProtocol(IPPROTO_UDP).build()
+        agent.sendAddDscpPolicy(policy2)
+        agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
+            assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
+            assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
+        }
+        validatePacket(agent, true, dscpValue = 4, dstPort = 5555)
 
         agent.sendRemoveDscpPolicy(1)
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
@@ -324,7 +532,7 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 1111)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 1111)
         }
 
         val policy2 = DscpPolicy.Builder(2, 1).setDestinationPortRange(Range(2222, 2222)).build()
@@ -332,7 +540,7 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(2, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 2222)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 2222)
         }
 
         val policy3 = DscpPolicy.Builder(3, 1).setDestinationPortRange(Range(3333, 3333)).build()
@@ -340,13 +548,16 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(3, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 3333)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 3333)
         }
 
         /* Remove Policies and check CE is no longer set */
         doRemovePolicyTest(agent, callback, 1)
+        validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 0, dstPort = 1111)
         doRemovePolicyTest(agent, callback, 2)
+        validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 0, dstPort = 2222)
         doRemovePolicyTest(agent, callback, 3)
+        validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 0, dstPort = 3333)
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -357,7 +568,7 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 1111)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 1111)
         }
         doRemovePolicyTest(agent, callback, 1)
 
@@ -366,7 +577,7 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(2, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 2222)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 2222)
         }
         doRemovePolicyTest(agent, callback, 2)
 
@@ -375,7 +586,7 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(3, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 3333)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 3333)
         }
         doRemovePolicyTest(agent, callback, 3)
     }
@@ -389,7 +600,7 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 1111)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 1111)
         }
 
         val policy2 = DscpPolicy.Builder(2, 1).setDestinationPortRange(Range(2222, 2222)).build()
@@ -397,7 +608,7 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(2, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 2222)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 2222)
         }
 
         val policy3 = DscpPolicy.Builder(3, 1).setDestinationPortRange(Range(3333, 3333)).build()
@@ -405,7 +616,7 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(3, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 3333)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 3333)
         }
 
         /* Remove Policies and check CE is no longer set */
@@ -423,14 +634,15 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testRemoveAllDscpPolicies(): Unit = createConnectedNetworkAgent().let { (agent, callback) ->
+    fun testRemoveAllDscpPolicies(): Unit = createConnectedNetworkAgent().let {
+                (agent, callback) ->
         val policy = DscpPolicy.Builder(1, 1)
                 .setDestinationPortRange(Range(1111, 1111)).build()
         agent.sendAddDscpPolicy(policy)
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 1111)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 1111)
         }
 
         val policy2 = DscpPolicy.Builder(2, 1)
@@ -439,7 +651,7 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(2, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 2222)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 2222)
         }
 
         val policy3 = DscpPolicy.Builder(3, 1)
@@ -448,24 +660,24 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(3, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 3333)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 3333)
         }
 
         agent.sendRemoveAllDscpPolicies()
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_DELETED, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dstPort = 1111)
+            validatePacket(agent, false, dstPort = 1111)
         }
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(2, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_DELETED, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dstPort = 2222)
+            validatePacket(agent, false, dstPort = 2222)
         }
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(3, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_DELETED, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dstPort = 3333)
+            validatePacket(agent, false, dstPort = 3333)
         }
     }
 
@@ -477,12 +689,9 @@
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
             assertEquals(1, it.policyId)
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 4444)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 4444)
         }
 
-        // TODO: send packet on socket and confirm that changing the DSCP policy
-        // updates the mark to the new value.
-
         val policy2 = DscpPolicy.Builder(1, 1).setDestinationPortRange(Range(5555, 5555)).build()
         agent.sendAddDscpPolicy(policy2)
         agent.expectCallback<OnDscpPolicyStatusUpdated>().let {
@@ -490,8 +699,8 @@
             assertEquals(DSCP_POLICY_STATUS_SUCCESS, it.status)
 
             // Sending packet with old policy should fail
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dstPort = 4444)
-            checkDscpValue(agent, callback, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 5555)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 0, dstPort = 4444)
+            validatePacket(agent, dscpValue = 1, dstPort = 5555)
         }
 
         agent.sendRemoveDscpPolicy(1)
@@ -504,15 +713,31 @@
     @Test
     fun testParcelingDscpPolicyIsLossless(): Unit = createConnectedNetworkAgent().let {
                 (agent, callback) ->
+        val policyId = 1
+        val dscpValue = 1
+        val range = Range(4444, 4444)
+        val srcPort = 555
+
         // Check that policy with partial parameters is lossless.
-        val policy = DscpPolicy.Builder(1, 1).setDestinationPortRange(Range(4444, 4444)).build()
+        val policy = DscpPolicy.Builder(policyId, dscpValue).setDestinationPortRange(range).build()
+        assertEquals(policyId, policy.policyId)
+        assertEquals(dscpValue, policy.dscpValue)
+        assertEquals(range, policy.destinationPortRange)
         assertParcelingIsLossless(policy)
 
         // Check that policy with all parameters is lossless.
-        val policy2 = DscpPolicy.Builder(1, 1).setDestinationPortRange(Range(4444, 4444))
+        val policy2 = DscpPolicy.Builder(policyId, dscpValue).setDestinationPortRange(range)
                 .setSourceAddress(LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS)
                 .setDestinationAddress(TEST_TARGET_IPV4_ADDR)
+                .setSourcePort(srcPort)
                 .setProtocol(IPPROTO_UDP).build()
+        assertEquals(policyId, policy2.policyId)
+        assertEquals(dscpValue, policy2.dscpValue)
+        assertEquals(range, policy2.destinationPortRange)
+        assertEquals(TEST_TARGET_IPV4_ADDR, policy2.destinationAddress)
+        assertEquals(LOCAL_IPV4_ADDRESS, policy2.sourceAddress)
+        assertEquals(srcPort, policy2.sourcePort)
+        assertEquals(IPPROTO_UDP, policy2.protocol)
         assertParcelingIsLossless(policy2)
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetManagerTest.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetManagerTest.kt
index 30e0015..122eb15 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetManagerTest.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetManagerTest.kt
@@ -15,92 +15,178 @@
  */
 package android.net.cts
 
+import android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS
 import android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS
 import android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS
+import android.content.Context
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager
+import android.net.EthernetManager
+import android.net.EthernetManager.ETHERNET_STATE_DISABLED
+import android.net.EthernetManager.ETHERNET_STATE_ENABLED
+import android.net.EthernetManager.InterfaceStateListener
+import android.net.EthernetManager.ROLE_CLIENT
+import android.net.EthernetManager.ROLE_NONE
+import android.net.EthernetManager.ROLE_SERVER
+import android.net.EthernetManager.STATE_ABSENT
+import android.net.EthernetManager.STATE_LINK_DOWN
+import android.net.EthernetManager.STATE_LINK_UP
+import android.net.EthernetManager.TetheredInterfaceCallback
+import android.net.EthernetManager.TetheredInterfaceRequest
+import android.net.EthernetNetworkManagementException
+import android.net.EthernetNetworkSpecifier
+import android.net.EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest
 import android.net.InetAddresses
 import android.net.IpConfiguration
+import android.net.LinkAddress
 import android.net.MacAddress
+import android.net.Network
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_TEMPORARILY_NOT_METERED
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_TRUSTED
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_ETHERNET
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST
+import android.net.NetworkRequest
+import android.net.StaticIpConfiguration
 import android.net.TestNetworkInterface
 import android.net.TestNetworkManager
+import android.net.cts.EthernetManagerTest.EthernetStateListener.CallbackEntry.EthernetStateChanged
+import android.net.cts.EthernetManagerTest.EthernetStateListener.CallbackEntry.InterfaceStateChanged
+import android.os.Build
+import android.os.Handler
+import android.os.Looper
+import android.os.OutcomeReceiver
+import android.os.SystemProperties
+import android.os.Process
 import android.platform.test.annotations.AppModeFull
+import android.util.ArraySet
 import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
-import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4
 import com.android.net.module.util.ArrayTrackRecord
 import com.android.net.module.util.TrackRecord
+import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
-import com.android.testutils.SC_V2
-import com.android.testutils.runAsShell
-import org.junit.After
-import org.junit.Before
-import org.junit.Rule
-import org.junit.Test
-import android.content.Context
-import org.junit.runner.RunWith
-import kotlin.test.assertNull
-import kotlin.test.fail
-import android.net.cts.EthernetManagerTest.EthernetStateListener.CallbackEntry.InterfaceStateChanged
-import android.os.Handler
-import android.os.HandlerExecutor
-import android.os.Looper
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.EthernetManagerShim.InterfaceStateListener
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.EthernetManagerShim.STATE_ABSENT
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.EthernetManagerShim.STATE_LINK_DOWN
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.EthernetManagerShim.STATE_LINK_UP
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.EthernetManagerShim.ROLE_CLIENT
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.EthernetManagerShim.ROLE_NONE
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.EthernetManagerShimImpl
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
+import com.android.testutils.DeviceInfoUtils.isKernelVersionAtLeast
+import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback.CallbackEntry.Available
+import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback.CallbackEntry.CapabilitiesChanged
+import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback.CallbackEntry.LinkPropertiesChanged
+import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback.CallbackEntry.Lost
 import com.android.testutils.RouterAdvertisementResponder
 import com.android.testutils.TapPacketReader
+import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallback
+import com.android.testutils.anyNetwork
+import com.android.testutils.assertThrows
+import com.android.testutils.runAsShell
 import com.android.testutils.waitForIdle
+import org.junit.After
+import org.junit.Assume.assumeFalse
+import org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import java.io.IOException
 import java.net.Inet6Address
-import java.util.concurrent.Executor
-import kotlin.test.assertFalse
+import java.util.Random
+import java.net.Socket
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException
+import java.util.function.IntConsumer
 import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+import kotlin.test.assertFailsWith
+import kotlin.test.assertFalse
+import kotlin.test.assertNotNull
+import kotlin.test.assertNull
 import kotlin.test.assertTrue
-import java.net.NetworkInterface
+import kotlin.test.fail
 
-private const val TIMEOUT_MS = 1000L
-private const val NO_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 200L
+private const val TAG = "EthernetManagerTest"
+private const val TIMEOUT_MS = 2000L
+// Timeout used to confirm no callbacks matching given criteria are received. Must be long enough to
+// process all callbacks including ip provisioning when using the updateConfiguration API.
+// Note that increasing this timeout increases the test duration.
+private const val NO_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 500L
+
 private val DEFAULT_IP_CONFIGURATION = IpConfiguration(IpConfiguration.IpAssignment.DHCP,
-    IpConfiguration.ProxySettings.NONE, null, null)
+        IpConfiguration.ProxySettings.NONE, null, null)
+private val ETH_REQUEST: NetworkRequest = NetworkRequest.Builder()
+        .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_TEST)
+        .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET)
+        .removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_TRUSTED)
+        .build()
+private val TEST_CAPS = NetworkCapabilities.Builder(ETH_REQUEST.networkCapabilities)
+        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_TEMPORARILY_NOT_METERED)
+        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED)
+        .build()
+private val STATIC_IP_CONFIGURATION = IpConfiguration.Builder()
+        .setStaticIpConfiguration(StaticIpConfiguration.Builder()
+                .setIpAddress(LinkAddress("192.0.2.1/30")).build())
+        .build()
 
 @AppModeFull(reason = "Instant apps can't access EthernetManager")
-@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+// EthernetManager is not updatable before T, so tests do not need to be backwards compatible.
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
+// This test depends on behavior introduced post-T as part of connectivity module updates
+@ConnectivityModuleTest
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 class EthernetManagerTest {
-    // EthernetManager is not updatable before T, so tests do not need to be backwards compatible
-    @get:Rule
-    val ignoreRule = DevSdkIgnoreRule(ignoreClassUpTo = SC_V2)
 
     private val context by lazy { InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().context }
-    private val em by lazy { EthernetManagerShimImpl.newInstance(context) }
+    private val em by lazy { context.getSystemService(EthernetManager::class.java) }
+    private val cm by lazy { context.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager::class.java) }
+    private val handler by lazy { Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()) }
 
+    private val ifaceListener = EthernetStateListener()
     private val createdIfaces = ArrayList<EthernetTestInterface>()
-    private val addedListeners = ArrayList<InterfaceStateListener>()
+    private val addedListeners = ArrayList<EthernetStateListener>()
+    private val registeredCallbacks = ArrayList<TestableNetworkCallback>()
+
+    private var tetheredInterfaceRequest: TetheredInterfaceRequest? = null
 
     private class EthernetTestInterface(
         context: Context,
-        private val handler: Handler
+        private val handler: Handler,
+        hasCarrier: Boolean
     ) {
         private val tapInterface: TestNetworkInterface
         private val packetReader: TapPacketReader
         private val raResponder: RouterAdvertisementResponder
-        val interfaceName get() = tapInterface.interfaceName
+        private val tnm: TestNetworkManager
+        val name get() = tapInterface.interfaceName
+        val onLinkPrefix get() = raResponder.prefix
 
         init {
-            tapInterface = runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
-                val tnm = context.getSystemService(TestNetworkManager::class.java)
-                tnm.createTapInterface(false /* bringUp */)
+            tnm = runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
+                context.getSystemService(TestNetworkManager::class.java)
             }
-            val mtu = NetworkInterface.getByName(tapInterface.interfaceName).getMTU()
+            tapInterface = runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
+                // Configuring a tun/tap interface always enables the carrier. If hasCarrier is
+                // false, it is subsequently disabled. This means that the interface may briefly get
+                // link. With IPv6 provisioning delays (RS delay and DAD) disabled, this can cause
+                // tests that expect no network to come up when hasCarrier is false to become flaky.
+                tnm.createTapInterface(hasCarrier, false /* bringUp */)
+            }
+            val mtu = tapInterface.mtu
             packetReader = TapPacketReader(handler, tapInterface.fileDescriptor.fileDescriptor, mtu)
             raResponder = RouterAdvertisementResponder(packetReader)
-            raResponder.addRouterEntry(MacAddress.fromString("01:23:45:67:89:ab"),
-                    InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("fe80::abcd") as Inet6Address)
+            val iidString = "fe80::${Integer.toHexString(Random().nextInt(65536))}"
+            val linklocal = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(iidString) as Inet6Address
+            raResponder.addRouterEntry(MacAddress.fromString("01:23:45:67:89:ab"), linklocal)
 
             packetReader.startAsyncForTest()
             raResponder.start()
         }
 
+        // WARNING: this function requires kernel support. Call assumeChangingCarrierSupported() at
+        // the top of your test.
+        fun setCarrierEnabled(enabled: Boolean) {
+            runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
+                tnm.setCarrierEnabled(tapInterface, enabled)
+            }
+        }
+
         fun destroy() {
             raResponder.stop()
             handler.post({ packetReader.stop() })
@@ -110,7 +196,7 @@
 
     private open class EthernetStateListener private constructor(
         private val history: ArrayTrackRecord<CallbackEntry>
-    ) : InterfaceStateListener,
+    ) : InterfaceStateListener, IntConsumer,
                 TrackRecord<EthernetStateListener.CallbackEntry> by history {
         constructor() : this(ArrayTrackRecord())
 
@@ -122,7 +208,35 @@
                 val state: Int,
                 val role: Int,
                 val configuration: IpConfiguration?
-            ) : CallbackEntry()
+            ) : CallbackEntry() {
+                override fun toString(): String {
+                    val stateString = when (state) {
+                        STATE_ABSENT -> "STATE_ABSENT"
+                        STATE_LINK_UP -> "STATE_LINK_UP"
+                        STATE_LINK_DOWN -> "STATE_LINK_DOWN"
+                        else -> state.toString()
+                    }
+                    val roleString = when (role) {
+                        ROLE_NONE -> "ROLE_NONE"
+                        ROLE_CLIENT -> "ROLE_CLIENT"
+                        ROLE_SERVER -> "ROLE_SERVER"
+                        else -> role.toString()
+                    }
+                    return ("InterfaceStateChanged(iface=$iface, state=$stateString, " +
+                            "role=$roleString, ipConfig=$configuration)")
+                }
+            }
+
+            data class EthernetStateChanged(val state: Int) : CallbackEntry() {
+                override fun toString(): String {
+                    val stateString = when (state) {
+                        ETHERNET_STATE_ENABLED -> "ETHERNET_STATE_ENABLED"
+                        ETHERNET_STATE_DISABLED -> "ETHERNET_STATE_DISABLED"
+                        else -> state.toString()
+                    }
+                    return "EthernetStateChanged(state=$stateString)"
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         override fun onInterfaceStateChanged(
@@ -134,6 +248,10 @@
             add(InterfaceStateChanged(iface, state, role, cfg))
         }
 
+        override fun accept(state: Int) {
+            add(EthernetStateChanged(state))
+        }
+
         fun <T : CallbackEntry> expectCallback(expected: T): T {
             val event = pollForNextCallback()
             assertEquals(expected, event)
@@ -141,43 +259,179 @@
         }
 
         fun expectCallback(iface: EthernetTestInterface, state: Int, role: Int) {
-            expectCallback(InterfaceStateChanged(iface.interfaceName, state, role,
-                if (state != STATE_ABSENT) DEFAULT_IP_CONFIGURATION else null))
+            expectCallback(createChangeEvent(iface.name, state, role))
         }
 
+        fun expectCallback(state: Int) {
+            expectCallback(EthernetStateChanged(state))
+        }
+
+        fun createChangeEvent(iface: String, state: Int, role: Int) =
+                InterfaceStateChanged(iface, state, role,
+                        if (state != STATE_ABSENT) DEFAULT_IP_CONFIGURATION else null)
+
         fun pollForNextCallback(): CallbackEntry {
             return events.poll(TIMEOUT_MS) ?: fail("Did not receive callback after ${TIMEOUT_MS}ms")
         }
 
+        fun eventuallyExpect(expected: CallbackEntry) = events.poll(TIMEOUT_MS) { it == expected }
+
+        fun eventuallyExpect(iface: EthernetTestInterface, state: Int, role: Int) {
+            val event = createChangeEvent(iface.name, state, role)
+            assertNotNull(eventuallyExpect(event), "Never received expected $event")
+        }
+
+        fun eventuallyExpect(state: Int) {
+            val event = EthernetStateChanged(state)
+            assertNotNull(eventuallyExpect(event), "Never received expected $event")
+        }
+
         fun assertNoCallback() {
             val cb = events.poll(NO_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS)
             assertNull(cb, "Expected no callback but got $cb")
         }
     }
 
+    private class TetheredInterfaceListener : TetheredInterfaceCallback {
+        private val available = CompletableFuture<String>()
+
+        override fun onAvailable(iface: String) {
+            available.complete(iface)
+        }
+
+        override fun onUnavailable() {
+            available.completeExceptionally(IllegalStateException("onUnavailable was called"))
+        }
+
+        fun expectOnAvailable(): String {
+            return available.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+        }
+
+        fun expectOnUnavailable() {
+            // Assert that the future fails with the IllegalStateException from the
+            // completeExceptionally() call inside onUnavailable.
+            assertFailsWith(IllegalStateException::class) {
+                try {
+                    available.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+                } catch (e: ExecutionException) {
+                    throw e.cause!!
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class EthernetOutcomeReceiver :
+        OutcomeReceiver<String, EthernetNetworkManagementException> {
+        private val result = CompletableFuture<String>()
+
+        override fun onResult(iface: String) {
+            assertFalse(result.isDone())
+            result.complete(iface)
+        }
+
+        override fun onError(e: EthernetNetworkManagementException) {
+            assertFalse(result.isDone())
+            result.completeExceptionally(e)
+        }
+
+        fun expectResult(expected: String) {
+            assertEquals(expected, result.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS))
+        }
+
+        fun expectError() {
+            // Assert that the future fails with EthernetNetworkManagementException from the
+            // completeExceptionally() call inside onUnavailable.
+            assertFailsWith(EthernetNetworkManagementException::class) {
+                try {
+                    result.get()
+                } catch (e: ExecutionException) {
+                    throw e.cause!!
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun isEthernetSupported() = em != null
+
     @Before
     fun setUp() {
+        assumeTrue(isEthernetSupported())
         setIncludeTestInterfaces(true)
+        addInterfaceStateListener(ifaceListener)
+        // Handler.post() events may get processed after native fd events, so it is possible that
+        // RTM_NEWLINK (from a subsequent createInterface() call) arrives before the interface state
+        // listener is registered. This affects the callbacks and breaks the tests.
+        // setEthernetEnabled() will always wait on a callback, so it is used as a barrier to ensure
+        // proper listener registration before proceeding.
+        setEthernetEnabled(true)
     }
 
     @After
     fun tearDown() {
-        setIncludeTestInterfaces(false)
+        if (!isEthernetSupported()) return
+        // Reenable ethernet, so ABSENT callbacks are received.
+        setEthernetEnabled(true)
+
         for (iface in createdIfaces) {
             iface.destroy()
+            ifaceListener.eventuallyExpect(iface, STATE_ABSENT, ROLE_NONE)
         }
+
+        // After test interfaces are removed, disable tracking.
+        setIncludeTestInterfaces(false)
+
         for (listener in addedListeners) {
+            // Even if a given listener was not registered as both an interface and ethernet state
+            // listener, calling remove is safe.
             em.removeInterfaceStateListener(listener)
+            em.removeEthernetStateListener(listener)
         }
+        registeredCallbacks.forEach { cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(it) }
+        releaseTetheredInterface()
     }
 
-    private fun addInterfaceStateListener(executor: Executor, listener: InterfaceStateListener) {
-        em.addInterfaceStateListener(executor, listener)
+    // Setting the carrier up / down relies on TUNSETCARRIER which was added in kernel version 5.0.
+    private fun assumeChangingCarrierSupported() = assumeTrue(isKernelVersionAtLeast("5.0.0"))
+
+    private fun isAdbOverEthernet(): Boolean {
+        // If no ethernet interface is available, adb is not connected over ethernet.
+        if (em.getInterfaceList().isEmpty()) return false
+
+        // cuttlefish is special and does not connect adb over ethernet.
+        if (SystemProperties.get("ro.product.board", "") == "cutf") return false
+
+        // Check if adb is connected over the network.
+        return (SystemProperties.getInt("persist.adb.tcp.port", -1) > -1 ||
+                SystemProperties.getInt("service.adb.tcp.port", -1) > -1)
+    }
+
+    private fun addInterfaceStateListener(listener: EthernetStateListener) {
+        runAsShell(CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS) {
+            em.addInterfaceStateListener(handler::post, listener)
+        }
         addedListeners.add(listener)
     }
 
-    private fun createInterface(): EthernetTestInterface {
-        return EthernetTestInterface(context, Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()))
+    private fun addEthernetStateListener(listener: EthernetStateListener) {
+        em.addEthernetStateListener(handler::post, listener)
+        addedListeners.add(listener)
+    }
+
+    // WARNING: setting hasCarrier to false requires kernel support. Call
+    // assumeChangingCarrierSupported() at the top of your test.
+    private fun createInterface(hasCarrier: Boolean = true): EthernetTestInterface {
+        val iface = EthernetTestInterface(
+            context,
+            handler,
+            hasCarrier
+        ).also { createdIfaces.add(it) }
+
+        // when an interface comes up, we should always see a down cb before an up cb.
+        ifaceListener.eventuallyExpect(iface, STATE_LINK_DOWN, ROLE_CLIENT)
+        if (hasCarrier) {
+            ifaceListener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
+        }
+        return iface
     }
 
     private fun setIncludeTestInterfaces(value: Boolean) {
@@ -189,56 +443,562 @@
     private fun removeInterface(iface: EthernetTestInterface) {
         iface.destroy()
         createdIfaces.remove(iface)
+        ifaceListener.eventuallyExpect(iface, STATE_ABSENT, ROLE_NONE)
+    }
+
+    private fun requestNetwork(request: NetworkRequest): TestableNetworkCallback {
+        return TestableNetworkCallback().also {
+            cm.requestNetwork(request, it)
+            registeredCallbacks.add(it)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun registerNetworkListener(request: NetworkRequest): TestableNetworkCallback {
+        return TestableNetworkCallback().also {
+            cm.registerNetworkCallback(request, it)
+            registeredCallbacks.add(it)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun requestTetheredInterface() = TetheredInterfaceListener().also {
+        tetheredInterfaceRequest = runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS) {
+            em.requestTetheredInterface(handler::post, it)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun releaseTetheredInterface() {
+        runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS) {
+            tetheredInterfaceRequest?.release()
+            tetheredInterfaceRequest = null
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun releaseRequest(cb: TestableNetworkCallback) {
+        cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cb)
+        registeredCallbacks.remove(cb)
+    }
+
+    private fun disableInterface(iface: EthernetTestInterface) = EthernetOutcomeReceiver().also {
+        runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
+            em.disableInterface(iface.name, handler::post, it)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun enableInterface(iface: EthernetTestInterface) = EthernetOutcomeReceiver().also {
+        runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
+            em.enableInterface(iface.name, handler::post, it)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun updateConfiguration(
+        iface: EthernetTestInterface,
+        ipConfig: IpConfiguration? = null,
+        capabilities: NetworkCapabilities? = null
+    ) = EthernetOutcomeReceiver().also {
+        runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
+            em.updateConfiguration(
+                iface.name,
+                EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest.Builder()
+                    .setIpConfiguration(ipConfig)
+                    .setNetworkCapabilities(capabilities).build(),
+                handler::post,
+                it)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // WARNING: check that isAdbOverEthernet() is false before calling setEthernetEnabled(false).
+    private fun setEthernetEnabled(enabled: Boolean) {
+        runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS) { em.setEthernetEnabled(enabled) }
+
+        val listener = EthernetStateListener()
+        addEthernetStateListener(listener)
+        listener.eventuallyExpect(if (enabled) ETHERNET_STATE_ENABLED else ETHERNET_STATE_DISABLED)
+    }
+
+    // NetworkRequest.Builder does not create a copy of the passed NetworkRequest, so in order to
+    // keep ETH_REQUEST as it is, a defensive copy is created here.
+    private fun NetworkRequest.copyWithEthernetSpecifier(ifaceName: String) =
+        NetworkRequest.Builder(NetworkRequest(ETH_REQUEST))
+            .setNetworkSpecifier(EthernetNetworkSpecifier(ifaceName)).build()
+
+    // It can take multiple seconds for the network to become available.
+    private fun TestableNetworkCallback.expectAvailable() =
+            expectCallback<Available>(anyNetwork(), 5000 /* ms timeout */).network
+
+    private fun TestableNetworkCallback.expectLost(n: Network = anyNetwork()) =
+            expectCallback<Lost>(n, 5000 /* ms timeout */)
+
+    // b/233534110: eventuallyExpect<Lost>() does not advance ReadHead, use
+    // eventuallyExpect(Lost::class) instead.
+    private fun TestableNetworkCallback.eventuallyExpectLost(n: Network? = null) =
+        eventuallyExpect(Lost::class, TIMEOUT_MS) { n?.equals(it.network) ?: true }
+
+    private fun TestableNetworkCallback.assertNeverLost(n: Network? = null) =
+        assertNoCallbackThat(NO_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS) {
+            it is Lost && (n?.equals(it.network) ?: true)
+        }
+
+    private fun TestableNetworkCallback.assertNeverAvailable(n: Network? = null) =
+        assertNoCallbackThat() { it is Available && (n?.equals(it.network) ?: true) }
+
+    private fun TestableNetworkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWithInterfaceName(name: String) =
+        expectCapabilitiesThat(anyNetwork()) {
+            it.networkSpecifier == EthernetNetworkSpecifier(name)
+        }
+
+    private fun TestableNetworkCallback.eventuallyExpectCapabilities(nc: NetworkCapabilities) {
+        // b/233534110: eventuallyExpect<CapabilitiesChanged>() does not advance ReadHead.
+        eventuallyExpect(CapabilitiesChanged::class, TIMEOUT_MS) {
+            // CS may mix in additional capabilities, so NetworkCapabilities#equals cannot be used.
+            // Check if all expected capabilities are present instead.
+            it is CapabilitiesChanged && nc.capabilities.all { c -> it.caps.hasCapability(c) }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun TestableNetworkCallback.eventuallyExpectLpForStaticConfig(
+        config: StaticIpConfiguration
+    ) {
+        // b/233534110: eventuallyExpect<LinkPropertiesChanged>() does not advance ReadHead.
+        eventuallyExpect(LinkPropertiesChanged::class, TIMEOUT_MS) {
+            it is LinkPropertiesChanged && it.lp.linkAddresses.any { la ->
+                la.isSameAddressAs(config.ipAddress)
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     @Test
-    public fun testCallbacks() {
-        val executor = HandlerExecutor(Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()))
-
+    fun testCallbacks() {
         // If an interface exists when the callback is registered, it is reported on registration.
         val iface = createInterface()
-        val listener = EthernetStateListener()
-        addInterfaceStateListener(executor, listener)
-        listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
+        val listener1 = EthernetStateListener()
+        addInterfaceStateListener(listener1)
+        validateListenerOnRegistration(listener1)
 
         // If an interface appears, existing callbacks see it.
-        // TODO: fix the up/up/down/up callbacks and only send down/up.
         val iface2 = createInterface()
-        listener.expectCallback(iface2, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
-        listener.expectCallback(iface2, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
-        listener.expectCallback(iface2, STATE_LINK_DOWN, ROLE_CLIENT)
-        listener.expectCallback(iface2, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
+        listener1.expectCallback(iface2, STATE_LINK_DOWN, ROLE_CLIENT)
+        listener1.expectCallback(iface2, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
+
+        // Register a new listener, it should see state of all existing interfaces immediately.
+        val listener2 = EthernetStateListener()
+        addInterfaceStateListener(listener2)
+        validateListenerOnRegistration(listener2)
 
         // Removing interfaces first sends link down, then STATE_ABSENT/ROLE_NONE.
         removeInterface(iface)
-        listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_LINK_DOWN, ROLE_CLIENT)
-        listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_ABSENT, ROLE_NONE)
+        for (listener in listOf(listener1, listener2)) {
+            listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_LINK_DOWN, ROLE_CLIENT)
+            listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_ABSENT, ROLE_NONE)
+        }
 
         removeInterface(iface2)
-        listener.expectCallback(iface2, STATE_LINK_DOWN, ROLE_CLIENT)
-        listener.expectCallback(iface2, STATE_ABSENT, ROLE_NONE)
+        for (listener in listOf(listener1, listener2)) {
+            listener.expectCallback(iface2, STATE_LINK_DOWN, ROLE_CLIENT)
+            listener.expectCallback(iface2, STATE_ABSENT, ROLE_NONE)
+            listener.assertNoCallback()
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testCallbacks_withRunningInterface() {
+        // This test disables ethernet, so check that adb is not connected over ethernet.
+        assumeFalse(isAdbOverEthernet())
+        assumeTrue(em.getInterfaceList().isEmpty())
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        val listener = EthernetStateListener()
+        addInterfaceStateListener(listener)
+        listener.eventuallyExpect(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
+
+        // Remove running interface. The interface stays running but is no longer tracked.
+        setEthernetEnabled(false)
+        listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_ABSENT, ROLE_NONE)
+
+        setEthernetEnabled(true)
+        listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
+        listener.assertNoCallback()
+    }
+
+    private fun assumeNoInterfaceForTetheringAvailable() {
+        // Interfaces that have configured NetworkCapabilities will never be used for tethering,
+        // see aosp/2123900.
+        try {
+            // assumeException does not exist.
+            requestTetheredInterface().expectOnAvailable()
+            // interface used for tethering is available, throw an assumption error.
+            assumeTrue(false)
+        } catch (e: TimeoutException) {
+            // do nothing -- the TimeoutException indicates that no interface is available for
+            // tethering.
+            releaseTetheredInterface()
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testCallbacks_forServerModeInterfaces() {
+        // do not run this test if an interface that can be used for tethering already exists.
+        assumeNoInterfaceForTetheringAvailable()
+
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        requestTetheredInterface().expectOnAvailable()
+
+        val listener = EthernetStateListener()
+        addInterfaceStateListener(listener)
+        // TODO(b/236895792): THIS IS A BUG! Existing server mode interfaces are not reported when
+        // an InterfaceStateListener is registered.
+        // Note: using eventuallyExpect as there may be other interfaces present.
+        // listener.eventuallyExpect(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_SERVER)
+
+        releaseTetheredInterface()
+        listener.eventuallyExpect(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
+
+        requestTetheredInterface().expectOnAvailable()
+        // This should be changed to expectCallback, once b/236895792 is fixed.
+        listener.eventuallyExpect(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_SERVER)
+
+        releaseTetheredInterface()
+        listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validate all interfaces are returned for an EthernetStateListener upon registration.
+     */
+    private fun validateListenerOnRegistration(listener: EthernetStateListener) {
+        // Get all tracked interfaces to validate on listener registration. Ordering and interface
+        // state (up/down) can't be validated for interfaces not created as part of testing.
+        val ifaces = em.getInterfaceList()
+        val polledIfaces = ArraySet<String>()
+        for (i in ifaces) {
+            val event = (listener.pollForNextCallback() as InterfaceStateChanged)
+            val iface = event.iface
+            assertTrue(polledIfaces.add(iface), "Duplicate interface $iface returned")
+            assertTrue(ifaces.contains(iface), "Untracked interface $iface returned")
+            // If the event's iface was created in the test, additional criteria can be validated.
+            createdIfaces.find { it.name.equals(iface) }?.let {
+                assertEquals(event, listener.createChangeEvent(it.name, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT))
+            }
+        }
+        // Assert all callbacks are accounted for.
         listener.assertNoCallback()
     }
 
     @Test
-    public fun testGetInterfaceList() {
-        setIncludeTestInterfaces(true)
-
+    fun testGetInterfaceList() {
         // Create two test interfaces and check the return list contains the interface names.
         val iface1 = createInterface()
         val iface2 = createInterface()
         var ifaces = em.getInterfaceList()
         assertTrue(ifaces.size > 0)
-        assertTrue(ifaces.contains(iface1.interfaceName))
-        assertTrue(ifaces.contains(iface2.interfaceName))
+        assertTrue(ifaces.contains(iface1.name))
+        assertTrue(ifaces.contains(iface2.name))
 
         // Remove one existing test interface and check the return list doesn't contain the
         // removed interface name.
         removeInterface(iface1)
         ifaces = em.getInterfaceList()
-        assertFalse(ifaces.contains(iface1.interfaceName))
-        assertTrue(ifaces.contains(iface2.interfaceName))
+        assertFalse(ifaces.contains(iface1.name))
+        assertTrue(ifaces.contains(iface2.name))
 
         removeInterface(iface2)
     }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testNetworkRequest_withSingleExistingInterface() {
+        createInterface()
+
+        // install a listener which will later be used to verify the Lost callback
+        val listenerCb = registerNetworkListener(ETH_REQUEST)
+        // assert the network is only brought up by a request.
+        listenerCb.assertNeverAvailable()
+
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST)
+        val network = cb.expectAvailable()
+
+        cb.assertNeverLost()
+        releaseRequest(cb)
+        listenerCb.eventuallyExpectLost(network)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testNetworkRequest_beforeSingleInterfaceIsUp() {
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST)
+
+        // bring up interface after network has been requested.
+        // Note: there is no guarantee that the NetworkRequest has been processed before the
+        // interface is actually created. That being said, it takes a few seconds between calling
+        // createInterface and the interface actually being properly registered with the ethernet
+        // module, so it is extremely unlikely that the CS handler thread has not run until then.
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        val network = cb.expectAvailable()
+
+        // remove interface before network request has been removed
+        cb.assertNeverLost()
+        removeInterface(iface)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectLost()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testNetworkRequest_withMultipleInterfaces() {
+        val iface1 = createInterface()
+        val iface2 = createInterface()
+
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST.copyWithEthernetSpecifier(iface2.name))
+
+        val network = cb.expectAvailable()
+        cb.expectCapabilitiesWithInterfaceName(iface2.name)
+
+        removeInterface(iface1)
+        cb.assertNeverLost()
+        removeInterface(iface2)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectLost()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testNetworkRequest_withInterfaceBeingReplaced() {
+        val iface1 = createInterface()
+
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST)
+        val network = cb.expectAvailable()
+
+        // create another network and verify the request sticks to the current network
+        val iface2 = createInterface()
+        cb.assertNeverLost()
+
+        // remove iface1 and verify the request brings up iface2
+        removeInterface(iface1)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectLost(network)
+        val network2 = cb.expectAvailable()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testNetworkRequest_withMultipleInterfacesAndRequests() {
+        val iface1 = createInterface()
+        val iface2 = createInterface()
+
+        val cb1 = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST.copyWithEthernetSpecifier(iface1.name))
+        val cb2 = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST.copyWithEthernetSpecifier(iface2.name))
+        val cb3 = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST)
+
+        cb1.expectAvailable()
+        cb1.expectCapabilitiesWithInterfaceName(iface1.name)
+        cb2.expectAvailable()
+        cb2.expectCapabilitiesWithInterfaceName(iface2.name)
+        // this request can be matched by either network.
+        cb3.expectAvailable()
+
+        cb1.assertNeverLost()
+        cb2.assertNeverLost()
+        cb3.assertNeverLost()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testNetworkRequest_ensureProperRefcounting() {
+        // create first request before interface is up / exists; create another request after it has
+        // been created; release one of them and check that the network stays up.
+        val listener = registerNetworkListener(ETH_REQUEST)
+        val cb1 = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST)
+
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        val network = cb1.expectAvailable()
+
+        val cb2 = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST)
+        cb2.expectAvailable()
+
+        // release the first request; this used to trigger b/197548738
+        releaseRequest(cb1)
+
+        cb2.assertNeverLost()
+        releaseRequest(cb2)
+        listener.eventuallyExpectLost(network)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testNetworkRequest_forInterfaceWhileTogglingCarrier() {
+        assumeChangingCarrierSupported()
+
+        val iface = createInterface(false /* hasCarrier */)
+
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST)
+        // TUNSETCARRIER races with the bring up code, so the network *can* become available despite
+        // it being "created with no carrier".
+        // TODO(b/249611919): re-enable assertion once kernel supports IFF_NO_CARRIER.
+        // cb.assertNeverAvailable()
+
+        iface.setCarrierEnabled(true)
+        cb.expectAvailable()
+
+        iface.setCarrierEnabled(false)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectLost()
+    }
+
+    // TODO: move to MTS
+    @Test
+    fun testNetworkRequest_linkPropertiesUpdate() {
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST)
+        // b/233534110: eventuallyExpect<LinkPropertiesChanged>() does not advance ReadHead
+        cb.eventuallyExpect(LinkPropertiesChanged::class, TIMEOUT_MS) {
+            it is LinkPropertiesChanged && it.lp.addresses.any {
+                address -> iface.onLinkPrefix.contains(address)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testRemoveInterface_whileInServerMode() {
+        assumeNoInterfaceForTetheringAvailable()
+
+        val listener = EthernetStateListener()
+        addInterfaceStateListener(listener)
+
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        val ifaceName = requestTetheredInterface().expectOnAvailable()
+
+        assertEquals(iface.name, ifaceName)
+        listener.eventuallyExpect(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_SERVER)
+
+        removeInterface(iface)
+
+        // Note: removeInterface already verifies that a STATE_ABSENT, ROLE_NONE callback is
+        // received, but it can't hurt to explicitly check for it.
+        listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_ABSENT, ROLE_NONE)
+        releaseTetheredInterface()
+        listener.assertNoCallback()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testEnableDisableInterface_withActiveRequest() {
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST)
+        cb.expectAvailable()
+        cb.assertNeverLost()
+
+        disableInterface(iface).expectResult(iface.name)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectLost()
+
+        enableInterface(iface).expectResult(iface.name)
+        cb.expectAvailable()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testEnableDisableInterface_withoutStateChange() {
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        // Interface is already enabled, so enableInterface() should return success
+        enableInterface(iface).expectResult(iface.name)
+
+        disableInterface(iface).expectResult(iface.name)
+        // Interface is already disabled, so disableInterface() should return success.
+        disableInterface(iface).expectResult(iface.name)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testEnableDisableInterface_withMissingInterface() {
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        removeInterface(iface)
+        // Interface does not exist, enable/disableInterface() should both return an error.
+        enableInterface(iface).expectError()
+        disableInterface(iface).expectError()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testUpdateConfiguration_forBothIpConfigAndCapabilities() {
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST.copyWithEthernetSpecifier(iface.name))
+        val network = cb.expectAvailable()
+
+        updateConfiguration(iface, STATIC_IP_CONFIGURATION, TEST_CAPS).expectResult(iface.name)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectCapabilities(TEST_CAPS)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectLpForStaticConfig(STATIC_IP_CONFIGURATION.staticIpConfiguration)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testUpdateConfiguration_forOnlyIpConfig() {
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST.copyWithEthernetSpecifier(iface.name))
+        val network = cb.expectAvailable()
+
+        updateConfiguration(iface, STATIC_IP_CONFIGURATION).expectResult(iface.name)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectLpForStaticConfig(STATIC_IP_CONFIGURATION.staticIpConfiguration)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testUpdateConfiguration_forOnlyCapabilities() {
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST.copyWithEthernetSpecifier(iface.name))
+        val network = cb.expectAvailable()
+
+        updateConfiguration(iface, capabilities = TEST_CAPS).expectResult(iface.name)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectCapabilities(TEST_CAPS)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testUpdateConfiguration_forAllowedUids() {
+        // Configure a restricted network.
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        val request = NetworkRequest.Builder(ETH_REQUEST.copyWithEthernetSpecifier(iface.name))
+                .removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED).build()
+        updateConfiguration(iface, capabilities = request.networkCapabilities)
+                .expectResult(iface.name)
+
+        // Request the restricted network as the shell with CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS.
+        val cb = runAsShell(CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS) { requestNetwork(request) }
+        val network = cb.expectAvailable()
+        cb.assertNeverLost(network)
+
+        // The network is restricted therefore binding to it when available will fail.
+        Socket().use { socket ->
+            assertThrows(IOException::class.java, { network.bindSocket(socket) })
+        }
+
+        // Add the test process UID to the allowed UIDs for the network and ultimately bind again.
+        val allowedUids = setOf(Process.myUid())
+        val nc = NetworkCapabilities.Builder(request.networkCapabilities)
+                .setAllowedUids(allowedUids).build()
+        updateConfiguration(iface, capabilities = nc).expectResult(iface.name)
+
+        // UpdateConfiguration() currently does a restart on the ethernet interface therefore lost
+        // will be expected first before available, as part of the restart.
+        cb.expectLost(network)
+        val updatedNetwork = cb.expectAvailable()
+        // With the test process UID allowed, binding to a restricted network should be successful.
+        Socket().use { socket -> updatedNetwork.bindSocket(socket) }
+    }
+
+    // TODO: consider only having this test in MTS as it makes use of the fact that
+    // setEthernetEnabled(false) untracks all interfaces. This behavior is an implementation detail
+    // and may change in the future.
+    @Test
+    fun testUpdateConfiguration_onUntrackedInterface() {
+        assumeFalse(isAdbOverEthernet())
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        setEthernetEnabled(false)
+
+        // Updating the IpConfiguration and NetworkCapabilities on absent interfaces is a supported
+        // use case.
+        updateConfiguration(iface, STATIC_IP_CONFIGURATION, TEST_CAPS).expectResult(iface.name)
+
+        setEthernetEnabled(true)
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST)
+        cb.expectAvailable()
+        cb.eventuallyExpectCapabilities(TEST_CAPS)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectLpForStaticConfig(STATIC_IP_CONFIGURATION.staticIpConfiguration)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testUpdateConfiguration_withLinkDown() {
+        assumeChangingCarrierSupported()
+        // createInterface without carrier is racy, so create it and then remove carrier.
+        val iface = createInterface()
+        val cb = requestNetwork(ETH_REQUEST)
+        cb.expectAvailable()
+
+        iface.setCarrierEnabled(false)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectLost()
+
+        updateConfiguration(iface, STATIC_IP_CONFIGURATION, TEST_CAPS).expectResult(iface.name)
+        cb.assertNoCallback()
+
+        iface.setCarrierEnabled(true)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectCapabilities(TEST_CAPS)
+        cb.eventuallyExpectLpForStaticConfig(STATIC_IP_CONFIGURATION.staticIpConfiguration)
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetNetworkUpdateRequestTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetNetworkUpdateRequestTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8ee0c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetNetworkUpdateRequestTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net.cts;
+
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotSame;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.net.EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest;
+import android.net.IpConfiguration;
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
+import android.net.StaticIpConfiguration;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+@SmallTest
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2) // TODO: Use to Build.VERSION_CODES.SC_V2 when available
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+public class EthernetNetworkUpdateRequestTest {
+    private static final NetworkCapabilities DEFAULT_CAPS =
+            new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
+                    .removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED).build();
+    private static final StaticIpConfiguration DEFAULT_STATIC_IP_CONFIG =
+            new StaticIpConfiguration.Builder().setDomains("test").build();
+    private static final IpConfiguration DEFAULT_IP_CONFIG =
+            new IpConfiguration.Builder()
+                    .setStaticIpConfiguration(DEFAULT_STATIC_IP_CONFIG).build();
+
+    private EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest createRequest(@NonNull final NetworkCapabilities nc,
+            @NonNull final IpConfiguration ipConfig) {
+        return new EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest.Builder()
+                .setNetworkCapabilities(nc)
+                .setIpConfiguration(ipConfig)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetNetworkCapabilities() {
+        final EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest r = createRequest(DEFAULT_CAPS, DEFAULT_IP_CONFIG);
+        assertEquals(DEFAULT_CAPS, r.getNetworkCapabilities());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetIpConfiguration() {
+        final EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest r = createRequest(DEFAULT_CAPS, DEFAULT_IP_CONFIG);
+        assertEquals(DEFAULT_IP_CONFIG, r.getIpConfiguration());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testBuilderWithRequest() {
+        final EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest r = createRequest(DEFAULT_CAPS, DEFAULT_IP_CONFIG);
+        final EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest rFromExisting =
+                new EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest.Builder(r).build();
+
+        assertNotSame(r, rFromExisting);
+        assertEquals(r.getIpConfiguration(), rFromExisting.getIpConfiguration());
+        assertEquals(r.getNetworkCapabilities(), rFromExisting.getNetworkCapabilities());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNullIpConfigurationAndNetworkCapabilitiesThrows() {
+        assertThrows("Should not be able to build with null ip config and network capabilities.",
+                IllegalStateException.class,
+                () -> createRequest(null, null));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/Ikev2VpnTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/Ikev2VpnTest.java
index 9590f88..2b1d173 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/Ikev2VpnTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/Ikev2VpnTest.java
@@ -20,10 +20,9 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_VPN;
 import static android.net.cts.util.CtsNetUtils.TestNetworkCallback;
-import static android.net.cts.util.IkeSessionTestUtils.CHILD_PARAMS;
-import static android.net.cts.util.IkeSessionTestUtils.IKE_PARAMS;
 
 import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runWithShellPermissionIdentity;
+import static com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel.isAtLeastT;
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 import static com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallbackKt.anyNetwork;
 
@@ -51,6 +50,7 @@
 import android.net.TestNetworkInterface;
 import android.net.VpnManager;
 import android.net.cts.util.CtsNetUtils;
+import android.net.cts.util.IkeSessionTestUtils;
 import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeTunnelConnectionParams;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Process;
@@ -61,12 +61,7 @@
 
 import com.android.internal.util.HexDump;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim;
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.Ikev2VpnProfileBuilderShimImpl;
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.Ikev2VpnProfileShimImpl;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.VpnManagerShimImpl;
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.Ikev2VpnProfileBuilderShim;
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.Ikev2VpnProfileShim;
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.UnsupportedApiLevelException;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.VpnManagerShim;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.VpnProfileStateShim;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
@@ -87,6 +82,7 @@
 import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
 import java.security.PrivateKey;
 import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Date;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -196,6 +192,7 @@
 
     private final X509Certificate mServerRootCa;
     private final CertificateAndKey mUserCertKey;
+    private final List<TestableNetworkCallback> mCallbacksToUnregister = new ArrayList<>();
 
     public Ikev2VpnTest() throws Exception {
         // Build certificates
@@ -205,6 +202,9 @@
 
     @After
     public void tearDown() {
+        for (TestableNetworkCallback callback : mCallbacksToUnregister) {
+            sCM.unregisterNetworkCallback(callback);
+        }
         setAppop(AppOpsManager.OP_ACTIVATE_VPN, false);
         setAppop(AppOpsManager.OP_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN, false);
     }
@@ -224,22 +224,17 @@
     }
 
     private Ikev2VpnProfile buildIkev2VpnProfileCommon(
-            @NonNull Ikev2VpnProfileBuilderShim builderShim, boolean isRestrictedToTestNetworks,
+            @NonNull Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder builder, boolean isRestrictedToTestNetworks,
             boolean requiresValidation) throws Exception {
 
-        builderShim.setBypassable(true)
+        builder.setBypassable(true)
                 .setAllowedAlgorithms(TEST_ALLOWED_ALGORITHMS)
                 .setProxy(TEST_PROXY_INFO)
                 .setMaxMtu(TEST_MTU)
                 .setMetered(false);
         if (TestUtils.shouldTestTApis()) {
-            builderShim.setRequiresInternetValidation(requiresValidation);
+            builder.setRequiresInternetValidation(requiresValidation);
         }
-
-        // Convert shim back to Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder since restrictToTestNetworks is a hidden
-        // method and does not defined in shims.
-        // TODO: replace it in alternative way to remove the hidden method usage
-        final Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder builder = (Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder) builderShim.getBuilder();
         if (isRestrictedToTestNetworks) {
             builder.restrictToTestNetworks();
         }
@@ -247,11 +242,31 @@
         return builder.build();
     }
 
+    private Ikev2VpnProfile buildIkev2VpnProfileIkeTunConnParams(
+            final boolean isRestrictedToTestNetworks, final boolean requiresValidation,
+            final boolean testIpv6) throws Exception {
+        final IkeTunnelConnectionParams params =
+                new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(testIpv6
+                        ? IkeSessionTestUtils.IKE_PARAMS_V6 : IkeSessionTestUtils.IKE_PARAMS_V4,
+                        IkeSessionTestUtils.CHILD_PARAMS);
+
+        final Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder builder =
+                new Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder(params)
+                        .setRequiresInternetValidation(requiresValidation)
+                        .setProxy(TEST_PROXY_INFO)
+                        .setMaxMtu(TEST_MTU)
+                        .setMetered(false);
+
+        if (isRestrictedToTestNetworks) {
+            builder.restrictToTestNetworks();
+        }
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
     private Ikev2VpnProfile buildIkev2VpnProfilePsk(@NonNull String remote,
             boolean isRestrictedToTestNetworks, boolean requiresValidation) throws Exception {
-        final Ikev2VpnProfileBuilderShim builder =
-                Ikev2VpnProfileBuilderShimImpl.newInstance(remote, TEST_IDENTITY, null)
-                        .setAuthPsk(TEST_PSK);
+        final Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder builder =
+                new Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder(remote, TEST_IDENTITY).setAuthPsk(TEST_PSK);
         return buildIkev2VpnProfileCommon(builder, isRestrictedToTestNetworks,
                 requiresValidation);
     }
@@ -259,8 +274,8 @@
     private Ikev2VpnProfile buildIkev2VpnProfileUsernamePassword(boolean isRestrictedToTestNetworks)
             throws Exception {
 
-        final Ikev2VpnProfileBuilderShim builder =
-                Ikev2VpnProfileBuilderShimImpl.newInstance(TEST_SERVER_ADDR_V6, TEST_IDENTITY, null)
+        final Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder builder =
+                new Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder(TEST_SERVER_ADDR_V6, TEST_IDENTITY)
                         .setAuthUsernamePassword(TEST_USER, TEST_PASSWORD, mServerRootCa);
         return buildIkev2VpnProfileCommon(builder, isRestrictedToTestNetworks,
                 false /* requiresValidation */);
@@ -268,8 +283,8 @@
 
     private Ikev2VpnProfile buildIkev2VpnProfileDigitalSignature(boolean isRestrictedToTestNetworks)
             throws Exception {
-        final Ikev2VpnProfileBuilderShim builder =
-                Ikev2VpnProfileBuilderShimImpl.newInstance(TEST_SERVER_ADDR_V6, TEST_IDENTITY, null)
+        final Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder builder =
+                new Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder(TEST_SERVER_ADDR_V6, TEST_IDENTITY)
                         .setAuthDigitalSignature(
                                 mUserCertKey.cert, mUserCertKey.key, mServerRootCa);
         return buildIkev2VpnProfileCommon(builder, isRestrictedToTestNetworks,
@@ -302,15 +317,8 @@
         assertNull(profile.getServerRootCaCert());
         assertNull(profile.getRsaPrivateKey());
         assertNull(profile.getUserCert());
-        final Ikev2VpnProfileShim<Ikev2VpnProfile> shim = new Ikev2VpnProfileShimImpl(profile);
-        if (TestUtils.shouldTestTApis()) {
-            assertEquals(requiresValidation, shim.isInternetValidationRequired());
-        } else {
-            try {
-                shim.isInternetValidationRequired();
-                fail("Only supported from API level 33");
-            } catch (UnsupportedApiLevelException expected) {
-            }
+        if (isAtLeastT()) {
+            assertEquals(requiresValidation, profile.isInternetValidationRequired());
         }
     }
 
@@ -320,10 +328,10 @@
         assumeTrue(mCtsNetUtils.hasIpsecTunnelsFeature());
         assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis());
 
-        final IkeTunnelConnectionParams expectedParams =
-                new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(IKE_PARAMS, CHILD_PARAMS);
-        final Ikev2VpnProfileBuilderShim ikeProfileBuilder =
-                Ikev2VpnProfileBuilderShimImpl.newInstance(null, null, expectedParams);
+        final IkeTunnelConnectionParams expectedParams = new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(
+                IkeSessionTestUtils.IKE_PARAMS_V6, IkeSessionTestUtils.CHILD_PARAMS);
+        final Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder ikeProfileBuilder =
+                new Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder(expectedParams);
         // Verify the other Ike options could not be set with IkeTunnelConnectionParams.
         final Class<IllegalArgumentException> expected = IllegalArgumentException.class;
         assertThrows(expected, () -> ikeProfileBuilder.setAuthPsk(TEST_PSK));
@@ -332,10 +340,9 @@
         assertThrows(expected, () -> ikeProfileBuilder.setAuthDigitalSignature(
                 mUserCertKey.cert, mUserCertKey.key, mServerRootCa));
 
-        final Ikev2VpnProfile profile = (Ikev2VpnProfile) ikeProfileBuilder.build().getProfile();
+        final Ikev2VpnProfile profile = ikeProfileBuilder.build();
 
-        assertEquals(expectedParams,
-                new Ikev2VpnProfileShimImpl(profile).getIkeTunnelConnectionParams());
+        assertEquals(expectedParams, profile.getIkeTunnelConnectionParams());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -467,7 +474,8 @@
     }
 
     private void checkStartStopVpnProfileBuildsNetworks(@NonNull IkeTunUtils tunUtils,
-            boolean testIpv6, boolean requiresValidation, boolean testSessionKey)
+            boolean testIpv6, boolean requiresValidation, boolean testSessionKey,
+            boolean testIkeTunConnParams)
             throws Exception {
         String serverAddr = testIpv6 ? TEST_SERVER_ADDR_V6 : TEST_SERVER_ADDR_V4;
         String initResp = testIpv6 ? SUCCESSFUL_IKE_INIT_RESP_V6 : SUCCESSFUL_IKE_INIT_RESP_V4;
@@ -477,14 +485,17 @@
         // Requires MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS to provision a test-mode profile.
         mCtsNetUtils.setAppopPrivileged(AppOpsManager.OP_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN, true);
 
-        final Ikev2VpnProfile profile = buildIkev2VpnProfilePsk(serverAddr,
-                true /* isRestrictedToTestNetworks */, requiresValidation);
+        final Ikev2VpnProfile profile = testIkeTunConnParams
+                ? buildIkev2VpnProfileIkeTunConnParams(true /* isRestrictedToTestNetworks */,
+                        requiresValidation, testIpv6)
+                : buildIkev2VpnProfilePsk(serverAddr, true /* isRestrictedToTestNetworks */,
+                        requiresValidation);
         assertNull(sVpnMgr.provisionVpnProfile(profile));
 
         final TestableNetworkCallback cb = new TestableNetworkCallback(TIMEOUT_MS);
         final NetworkRequest nr = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .clearCapabilities().addTransportType(TRANSPORT_VPN).build();
-        sCM.registerNetworkCallback(nr, cb);
+        registerNetworkCallback(nr, cb);
 
         if (testSessionKey) {
             // testSessionKey will never be true if running on <T
@@ -520,7 +531,8 @@
             assertFalse(profileState.isLockdownEnabled());
         }
 
-        cb.expectCapabilitiesThat(vpnNetwork, TIMEOUT_MS, caps -> caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN)
+        cb.expectCapabilitiesThat(vpnNetwork, TIMEOUT_MS,
+                caps -> caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN)
                 && caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
                 && !caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED)
                 && Process.myUid() == caps.getOwnerUid());
@@ -533,8 +545,10 @@
         // but unexpectedly sends this callback, expecting LOST below will fail because the next
         // callback will be the validated capabilities instead.
         // In S and below, |requiresValidation| is ignored, so this callback is always sent
-        // regardless of its value.
-        if (!requiresValidation || !TestUtils.shouldTestTApis()) {
+        // regardless of its value. However, there is a race in Vpn(see b/228574221) that VPN may
+        // misuse VPN network itself as the underlying network. The fix is not available without
+        // SDK > T platform. Thus, verify this only on T+ platform.
+        if (!requiresValidation && TestUtils.shouldTestTApis()) {
             cb.eventuallyExpect(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED, TIMEOUT_MS,
                     entry -> ((CallbackEntry.CapabilitiesChanged) entry).getCaps()
                             .hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED));
@@ -547,10 +561,16 @@
                 lost -> vpnNetwork.equals(lost.getNetwork()));
     }
 
+    private void registerNetworkCallback(NetworkRequest request, TestableNetworkCallback callback) {
+        sCM.registerNetworkCallback(request, callback);
+        mCallbacksToUnregister.add(callback);
+    }
+
     private class VerifyStartStopVpnProfileTest implements TestNetworkRunnable.Test {
         private final boolean mTestIpv6Only;
         private final boolean mRequiresValidation;
         private final boolean mTestSessionKey;
+        private final boolean mTestIkeTunConnParams;
 
         /**
          * Constructs the test
@@ -560,10 +580,11 @@
          * @param testSessionKey if true, start VPN by calling startProvisionedVpnProfileSession()
          */
         VerifyStartStopVpnProfileTest(boolean testIpv6Only, boolean requiresValidation,
-                boolean testSessionKey) {
+                boolean testSessionKey, boolean testIkeTunConnParams) {
             mTestIpv6Only = testIpv6Only;
             mRequiresValidation = requiresValidation;
             mTestSessionKey = testSessionKey;
+            mTestIkeTunConnParams = testIkeTunConnParams;
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -571,8 +592,8 @@
                 throws Exception {
             final IkeTunUtils tunUtils = new IkeTunUtils(testIface.getFileDescriptor());
 
-            checkStartStopVpnProfileBuildsNetworks(
-                    tunUtils, mTestIpv6Only, mRequiresValidation, mTestSessionKey);
+            checkStartStopVpnProfileBuildsNetworks(tunUtils, mTestIpv6Only, mRequiresValidation,
+                    mTestSessionKey, mTestIkeTunConnParams);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -590,53 +611,83 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @Test
-    public void testStartStopVpnProfileV4() throws Exception {
+    private void doTestStartStopVpnProfile(boolean testIpv6Only, boolean requiresValidation,
+            boolean testSessionKey, boolean testIkeTunConnParams) throws Exception {
         assumeTrue(mCtsNetUtils.hasIpsecTunnelsFeature());
-
         // Requires shell permission to update appops.
         runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
                 new TestNetworkRunnable(new VerifyStartStopVpnProfileTest(
-                        false /* testIpv6Only */, false /* requiresValidation */,
-                        false /* testSessionKey */)));
+                        testIpv6Only, requiresValidation, testSessionKey , testIkeTunConnParams)));
+    }
 
-        runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
-                new TestNetworkRunnable(new VerifyStartStopVpnProfileTest(
-                        false /* testIpv6Only */, true /* requiresValidation */,
-                        false /* testSessionKey */)));
+    @Test
+    public void testStartStopVpnProfileV4() throws Exception {
+        doTestStartStopVpnProfile(false /* testIpv6Only */, false /* requiresValidation */,
+                false /* testSessionKey */, false /* testIkeTunConnParams */);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testStartStopVpnProfileV4WithValidation() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis());
+        doTestStartStopVpnProfile(false /* testIpv6Only */, true /* requiresValidation */,
+                false /* testSessionKey */, false /* testIkeTunConnParams */);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testStartStopVpnProfileV6() throws Exception {
-        assumeTrue(mCtsNetUtils.hasIpsecTunnelsFeature());
+        doTestStartStopVpnProfile(true /* testIpv6Only */, false /* requiresValidation */,
+                false /* testSessionKey */, false /* testIkeTunConnParams */);
+    }
 
-        // Requires shell permission to update appops.
-        runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
-                new TestNetworkRunnable(new VerifyStartStopVpnProfileTest(
-                        true /* testIpv6Only */, false /* requiresValidation */,
-                        false /* testSessionKey */)));
-        runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
-                new TestNetworkRunnable(new VerifyStartStopVpnProfileTest(
-                        true /* testIpv6Only */, true /* requiresValidation */,
-                        false /* testSessionKey */)));
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testStartStopVpnProfileV6WithValidation() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis());
+        doTestStartStopVpnProfile(true /* testIpv6Only */, true /* requiresValidation */,
+                false /* testSessionKey */, false /* testIkeTunConnParams */);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testStartStopVpnProfileIkeTunConnParamsV4() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis());
+        doTestStartStopVpnProfile(false /* testIpv6Only */, false /* requiresValidation */,
+                false /* testSessionKey */, true /* testIkeTunConnParams */);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testStartStopVpnProfileIkeTunConnParamsV4WithValidation() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis());
+        doTestStartStopVpnProfile(false /* testIpv6Only */, true /* requiresValidation */,
+                false /* testSessionKey */, true /* testIkeTunConnParams */);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testStartStopVpnProfileIkeTunConnParamsV6() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis());
+        doTestStartStopVpnProfile(true /* testIpv6Only */, false /* requiresValidation */,
+                false /* testSessionKey */, true /* testIkeTunConnParams */);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testStartStopVpnProfileIkeTunConnParamsV6WithValidation() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis());
+        doTestStartStopVpnProfile(true /* testIpv6Only */, true /* requiresValidation */,
+                false /* testSessionKey */, true /* testIkeTunConnParams */);
     }
 
     @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
     @Test
-    public void testStartProvisionedVpnProfileSession() throws Exception {
-        assumeTrue(mCtsNetUtils.hasIpsecTunnelsFeature());
+    public void testStartProvisionedVpnV4ProfileSession() throws Exception {
         assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis());
+        doTestStartStopVpnProfile(false /* testIpv6Only */, false /* requiresValidation */,
+                true /* testSessionKey */, false /* testIkeTunConnParams */);
+    }
 
-        // Requires shell permission to update appops.
-        runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
-                new TestNetworkRunnable(new VerifyStartStopVpnProfileTest(
-                        false /* testIpv6Only */, false /* requiresValidation */,
-                        true /* testSessionKey */)));
-
-        runWithShellPermissionIdentity(
-                new TestNetworkRunnable(new VerifyStartStopVpnProfileTest(
-                        true /* testIpv6Only */, false /* requiresValidation */,
-                        true /* testSessionKey */)));
+    @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    @Test
+    public void testStartProvisionedVpnV6ProfileSession() throws Exception {
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis());
+        doTestStartStopVpnProfile(true /* testIpv6Only */, false /* requiresValidation */,
+                true /* testSessionKey */, false /* testIkeTunConnParams */);
     }
 
     private static class CertificateAndKey {
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkAgentTest.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkAgentTest.kt
index 0504973..d2cd7aa 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkAgentTest.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkAgentTest.kt
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@
 import android.os.Message
 import android.os.SystemClock
 import android.platform.test.annotations.AppModeFull
+import android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_TCP
+import android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager
 import android.telephony.data.EpsBearerQosSessionAttributes
 import android.util.DebugUtils.valueToString
@@ -117,6 +119,7 @@
 import org.mockito.Mockito.mock
 import org.mockito.Mockito.timeout
 import org.mockito.Mockito.verify
+import java.io.Closeable
 import java.io.IOException
 import java.net.DatagramSocket
 import java.net.InetAddress
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@
     private val mFakeConnectivityService = FakeConnectivityService()
     private val agentsToCleanUp = mutableListOf<NetworkAgent>()
     private val callbacksToCleanUp = mutableListOf<TestableNetworkCallback>()
-    private var qosTestSocket: Socket? = null
+    private var qosTestSocket: Closeable? = null // either Socket or DatagramSocket
 
     @Before
     fun setUp() {
@@ -930,34 +933,49 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private fun setupForQosCallbackTesting(): Pair<TestableNetworkAgent, Socket> {
-        val request = NetworkRequest.Builder()
-                .clearCapabilities()
-                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_TEST)
-                .build()
+    private fun <T : Closeable> setupForQosCallbackTest(creator: (TestableNetworkAgent) -> T) =
+            createConnectedNetworkAgent().first.let { Pair(it, creator(it)) }
 
-        val callback = TestableNetworkCallback(timeoutMs = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS)
-        requestNetwork(request, callback)
-        val (agent, _) = createConnectedNetworkAgent()
+    private fun setupForQosSocket() = setupForQosCallbackTest {
+        agent: TestableNetworkAgent -> Socket()
+            .also { assertNotNull(agent.network?.bindSocket(it))
+                it.bind(InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress(), 0)) }
+    }
 
-        qosTestSocket = assertNotNull(agent.network?.socketFactory?.createSocket()).also {
-            it.bind(InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress(), 0))
-        }
-        return Pair(agent, qosTestSocket!!)
+    private fun setupForQosDatagram() = setupForQosCallbackTest {
+        agent: TestableNetworkAgent -> DatagramSocket(
+            InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress(), 0))
+            .also { assertNotNull(agent.network?.bindSocket(it)) }
     }
 
     @AppModeFull(reason = "Instant apps don't have permission to bind sockets.")
     @Test
-    fun testQosCallbackRegisterWithUnregister() {
-        val (agent, socket) = setupForQosCallbackTesting()
+    fun testQosCallbackRegisterAndUnregister() {
+        validateQosCallbackRegisterAndUnregister(IPPROTO_TCP)
+    }
 
+    @AppModeFull(reason = "Instant apps don't have permission to bind sockets.")
+    @Test
+    fun testQosCallbackRegisterAndUnregisterWithDatagramSocket() {
+        validateQosCallbackRegisterAndUnregister(IPPROTO_UDP)
+    }
+
+    private fun validateQosCallbackRegisterAndUnregister(proto: Int) {
+        val (agent, qosTestSocket) = when (proto) {
+            IPPROTO_TCP -> setupForQosSocket()
+            IPPROTO_UDP -> setupForQosDatagram()
+            else -> fail("unsupported protocol")
+        }
         val qosCallback = TestableQosCallback()
         var callbackId = -1
         Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().let { executor ->
             try {
-                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, socket)
+                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent, qosTestSocket)
                 mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback)
-                callbackId = agent.expectCallback<OnRegisterQosCallback>().callbackId
+                agent.expectCallback<OnRegisterQosCallback>().let {
+                    callbackId = it.callbackId
+                    assertTrue(it.filter.matchesProtocol(proto))
+                }
 
                 assertFailsWith<QosCallbackRegistrationException>(
                         "The same callback cannot be " +
@@ -965,7 +983,7 @@
                     mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback)
                 }
             } finally {
-                socket.close()
+                qosTestSocket.close()
                 mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback)
                 agent.expectCallback<OnUnregisterQosCallback> { it.callbackId == callbackId }
                 executor.shutdown()
@@ -976,11 +994,31 @@
     @AppModeFull(reason = "Instant apps don't have permission to bind sockets.")
     @Test
     fun testQosCallbackOnQosSession() {
-        val (agent, socket) = setupForQosCallbackTesting()
+        validateQosCallbackOnQosSession(IPPROTO_TCP)
+    }
+
+    @AppModeFull(reason = "Instant apps don't have permission to bind sockets.")
+    @Test
+    fun testQosCallbackOnQosSessionWithDatagramSocket() {
+        validateQosCallbackOnQosSession(IPPROTO_UDP)
+    }
+
+    fun QosSocketInfo(agent: NetworkAgent, socket: Closeable) = when (socket) {
+        is Socket -> QosSocketInfo(agent.network, socket)
+        is DatagramSocket -> QosSocketInfo(agent.network, socket)
+        else -> fail("unexpected socket type")
+    }
+
+    private fun validateQosCallbackOnQosSession(proto: Int) {
+        val (agent, qosTestSocket) = when (proto) {
+            IPPROTO_TCP -> setupForQosSocket()
+            IPPROTO_UDP -> setupForQosDatagram()
+            else -> fail("unsupported protocol")
+        }
         val qosCallback = TestableQosCallback()
         Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().let { executor ->
             try {
-                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, socket)
+                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent, qosTestSocket)
                 assertEquals(agent.network, info.getNetwork())
                 mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback)
                 val callbackId = agent.expectCallback<OnRegisterQosCallback>().callbackId
@@ -1009,8 +1047,7 @@
                 agent.sendQosSessionLost(callbackId, sessId, QosSession.TYPE_EPS_BEARER)
                 qosCallback.assertNoCallback()
             } finally {
-                socket.close()
-
+                qosTestSocket.close()
                 // safety precaution
                 mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback)
 
@@ -1022,11 +1059,11 @@
     @AppModeFull(reason = "Instant apps don't have permission to bind sockets.")
     @Test
     fun testQosCallbackOnError() {
-        val (agent, socket) = setupForQosCallbackTesting()
+        val (agent, qosTestSocket) = setupForQosSocket()
         val qosCallback = TestableQosCallback()
         Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().let { executor ->
             try {
-                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, socket)
+                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, qosTestSocket)
                 mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback)
                 val callbackId = agent.expectCallback<OnRegisterQosCallback>().callbackId
 
@@ -1048,7 +1085,7 @@
                 agent.sendQosSessionLost(callbackId, sessId, QosSession.TYPE_EPS_BEARER)
                 qosCallback.assertNoCallback()
             } finally {
-                socket.close()
+                qosTestSocket.close()
 
                 // Make sure that the callback is fully unregistered
                 mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback)
@@ -1061,12 +1098,12 @@
     @AppModeFull(reason = "Instant apps don't have permission to bind sockets.")
     @Test
     fun testQosCallbackIdsAreMappedCorrectly() {
-        val (agent, socket) = setupForQosCallbackTesting()
+        val (agent, qosTestSocket) = setupForQosSocket()
         val qosCallback1 = TestableQosCallback()
         val qosCallback2 = TestableQosCallback()
         Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().let { executor ->
             try {
-                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, socket)
+                val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, qosTestSocket)
                 mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback1)
                 val callbackId1 = agent.expectCallback<OnRegisterQosCallback>().callbackId
 
@@ -1088,7 +1125,7 @@
                 qosCallback1.assertNoCallback()
                 qosCallback2.expectCallback<OnQosSessionAvailable> { sessId2 == it.sess.sessionId }
             } finally {
-                socket.close()
+                qosTestSocket.close()
 
                 // Make sure that the callback is fully unregistered
                 mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback1)
@@ -1102,13 +1139,13 @@
     @AppModeFull(reason = "Instant apps don't have permission to bind sockets.")
     @Test
     fun testQosCallbackWhenNetworkReleased() {
-        val (agent, socket) = setupForQosCallbackTesting()
+        val (agent, qosTestSocket) = setupForQosSocket()
         Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().let { executor ->
             try {
                 val qosCallback1 = TestableQosCallback()
                 val qosCallback2 = TestableQosCallback()
                 try {
-                    val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, socket)
+                    val info = QosSocketInfo(agent.network!!, qosTestSocket)
                     mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback1)
                     mCM.registerQosCallback(info, executor, qosCallback2)
                     agent.unregister()
@@ -1121,12 +1158,12 @@
                         it.ex.cause is NetworkReleasedException
                     }
                 } finally {
-                    socket.close()
+                    qosTestSocket.close()
                     mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback1)
                     mCM.unregisterQosCallback(qosCallback2)
                 }
             } finally {
-                socket.close()
+                qosTestSocket.close()
                 executor.shutdown()
             }
         }
@@ -1275,4 +1312,23 @@
         matchAllCallback.expectCallback<Lost>(wifiNetwork)
         wifiAgent.expectCallback<OnNetworkUnwanted>()
     }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testUnregisterAgentBeforeAgentFullyConnected() {
+        val specifier = UUID.randomUUID().toString()
+        val callback = TestableNetworkCallback()
+        val transports = intArrayOf(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
+        // Ensure this NetworkAgent is never unneeded by filing a request with its specifier.
+        requestNetwork(makeTestNetworkRequest(specifier = specifier), callback)
+        val nc = makeTestNetworkCapabilities(specifier, transports)
+        val agent = createNetworkAgent(realContext, initialNc = nc)
+        // Connect the agent
+        agent.register()
+        // Mark agent connected then unregister agent immediately. Verify that both available and
+        // lost callback should be sent still.
+        agent.markConnected()
+        agent.unregister()
+        callback.expectCallback<Available>(agent.network!!)
+        callback.eventuallyExpect<Lost> { it.network == agent.network }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkScoreTest.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkScoreTest.kt
index 8f17199..eb41d71 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkScoreTest.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkScoreTest.kt
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runWithShellPermissionIdentity
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
+import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback.CallbackEntry
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallback
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallback.HasNetwork
 import org.junit.After
@@ -76,7 +77,18 @@
 
     @After
     fun tearDown() {
-        agentsToCleanUp.forEach { it.unregister() }
+        val agentCleanUpCb = TestableNetworkCallback(TIMEOUT_MS).also { cb ->
+            mCm.registerNetworkCallback(
+                NetworkRequest.Builder().clearCapabilities()
+                    .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST).build(), cb, mHandler
+            )
+        }
+        agentsToCleanUp.forEach {
+            it.unregister()
+            agentCleanUpCb.eventuallyExpect<CallbackEntry.Lost> { cb -> cb.network == it.network }
+        }
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(agentCleanUpCb)
+
         mHandlerThread.quitSafely()
         callbacksToCleanUp.forEach { mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(it) }
     }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkStatsManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkStatsManagerTest.java
index fb720a7..f86c5cd 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkStatsManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkStatsManagerTest.java
@@ -29,8 +29,20 @@
 import static android.app.usage.NetworkStats.Bucket.STATE_FOREGROUND;
 import static android.app.usage.NetworkStats.Bucket.TAG_NONE;
 import static android.app.usage.NetworkStats.Bucket.UID_ALL;
+import static android.net.netstats.NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils.PREFIX_UID;
+import static android.net.netstats.NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils.PREFIX_UID_TAG;
+import static android.net.netstats.NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils.PREFIX_XT;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
 import android.app.AppOpsManager;
+import android.app.Instrumentation;
 import android.app.usage.NetworkStats;
 import android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager;
 import android.content.Context;
@@ -40,7 +52,11 @@
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkInfo;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
+import android.net.NetworkStatsCollection;
+import android.net.NetworkStatsHistory;
 import android.net.TrafficStats;
+import android.net.netstats.NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.os.Process;
@@ -48,11 +64,23 @@
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.platform.test.annotations.AppModeFull;
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
-import android.test.InstrumentationTestCase;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.Log;
 
+import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.ShellIdentityUtils;
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil;
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
@@ -62,8 +90,18 @@
 import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.text.MessageFormat;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
-public class NetworkStatsManagerTest extends InstrumentationTestCase {
+@ConnectivityModuleTest
+@AppModeFull(reason = "instant apps cannot be granted USAGE_STATS")
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class NetworkStatsManagerTest {
+    @Rule
+    public final DevSdkIgnoreRule ignoreRule = new DevSdkIgnoreRule(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q);
+
     private static final String LOG_TAG = "NetworkStatsManagerTest";
     private static final String APPOPS_SET_SHELL_COMMAND = "appops set {0} {1} {2}";
     private static final String APPOPS_GET_SHELL_COMMAND = "appops get {0} {1}";
@@ -164,9 +202,11 @@
             };
 
     private String mPkg;
+    private Context mContext;
     private NetworkStatsManager mNsm;
     private ConnectivityManager mCm;
     private PackageManager mPm;
+    private Instrumentation mInstrumentation;
     private long mStartTime;
     private long mEndTime;
 
@@ -224,44 +264,40 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @Override
-    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
-        super.setUp();
-        mNsm = (NetworkStatsManager) getInstrumentation().getContext()
-                .getSystemService(Context.NETWORK_STATS_SERVICE);
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
+        mNsm = mContext.getSystemService(NetworkStatsManager.class);
         mNsm.setPollForce(true);
 
-        mCm = (ConnectivityManager) getInstrumentation().getContext()
-                .getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
+        mCm = mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
+        mPm = mContext.getPackageManager();
+        mPkg = mContext.getPackageName();
 
-        mPm = getInstrumentation().getContext().getPackageManager();
-
-        mPkg = getInstrumentation().getContext().getPackageName();
-
+        mInstrumentation = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
         mWriteSettingsMode = getAppOpsMode(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_WRITE_SETTINGS);
         setAppOpsMode(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_WRITE_SETTINGS, "allow");
         mUsageStatsMode = getAppOpsMode(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_GET_USAGE_STATS);
     }
 
-    @Override
-    protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
         if (mWriteSettingsMode != null) {
             setAppOpsMode(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_WRITE_SETTINGS, mWriteSettingsMode);
         }
         if (mUsageStatsMode != null) {
             setAppOpsMode(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_GET_USAGE_STATS, mUsageStatsMode);
         }
-        super.tearDown();
     }
 
     private void setAppOpsMode(String appop, String mode) throws Exception {
         final String command = MessageFormat.format(APPOPS_SET_SHELL_COMMAND, mPkg, appop, mode);
-        SystemUtil.runShellCommand(command);
+        SystemUtil.runShellCommand(mInstrumentation, command);
     }
 
     private String getAppOpsMode(String appop) throws Exception {
         final String command = MessageFormat.format(APPOPS_GET_SHELL_COMMAND, mPkg, appop);
-        String result = SystemUtil.runShellCommand(command);
+        String result = SystemUtil.runShellCommand(mInstrumentation, command);
         if (result == null) {
             Log.w(LOG_TAG, "App op " + appop + " could not be read.");
         }
@@ -269,7 +305,7 @@
     }
 
     private boolean isInForeground() throws IOException {
-        String result = SystemUtil.runShellCommand(getInstrumentation(),
+        String result = SystemUtil.runShellCommand(mInstrumentation,
                 "cmd activity get-uid-state " + Process.myUid());
         return result.contains("FOREGROUND");
     }
@@ -366,15 +402,14 @@
     private String getSubscriberId(int networkIndex) {
         int networkType = mNetworkInterfacesToTest[networkIndex].getNetworkType();
         if (ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE == networkType) {
-            TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) getInstrumentation().getContext()
-                    .getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
+            TelephonyManager tm = mContext.getSystemService(TelephonyManager.class);
             return ShellIdentityUtils.invokeMethodWithShellPermissions(tm,
                     (telephonyManager) -> telephonyManager.getSubscriberId());
         }
         return "";
     }
 
-    @AppModeFull
+    @Test
     public void testDeviceSummary() throws Exception {
         for (int i = 0; i < mNetworkInterfacesToTest.length; ++i) {
             if (!shouldTestThisNetworkType(i, MINUTE / 2)) {
@@ -410,7 +445,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @AppModeFull
+    @Test
     public void testUserSummary() throws Exception {
         for (int i = 0; i < mNetworkInterfacesToTest.length; ++i) {
             if (!shouldTestThisNetworkType(i, MINUTE / 2)) {
@@ -446,7 +481,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @AppModeFull
+    @Test
     public void testAppSummary() throws Exception {
         for (int i = 0; i < mNetworkInterfacesToTest.length; ++i) {
             // Use tolerance value that large enough to make sure stats of at
@@ -522,7 +557,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @AppModeFull
+    @Test
     public void testAppDetails() throws Exception {
         for (int i = 0; i < mNetworkInterfacesToTest.length; ++i) {
             // Relatively large tolerance to accommodate for history bucket size.
@@ -565,7 +600,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @AppModeFull
+    @Test
     public void testUidDetails() throws Exception {
         for (int i = 0; i < mNetworkInterfacesToTest.length; ++i) {
             // Relatively large tolerance to accommodate for history bucket size.
@@ -619,7 +654,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @AppModeFull
+    @Test
     public void testTagDetails() throws Exception {
         for (int i = 0; i < mNetworkInterfacesToTest.length; ++i) {
             // Relatively large tolerance to accommodate for history bucket size.
@@ -726,7 +761,7 @@
                 bucket.getRxBytes(), bucket.getTxBytes()));
     }
 
-    @AppModeFull
+    @Test
     public void testUidTagStateDetails() throws Exception {
         for (int i = 0; i < mNetworkInterfacesToTest.length; ++i) {
             // Relatively large tolerance to accommodate for history bucket size.
@@ -803,7 +838,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @AppModeFull
+    @Test
     public void testCallback() throws Exception {
         for (int i = 0; i < mNetworkInterfacesToTest.length; ++i) {
             // Relatively large tolerance to accommodate for history bucket size.
@@ -825,6 +860,43 @@
             // storing files of >2MB in CTS.
 
             mNsm.unregisterUsageCallback(usageCallback);
+
+            // For T- devices, the registerUsageCallback invocation below will need a looper
+            // from the thread that calls into the API, which is not available in the test.
+            if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+                mNsm.registerUsageCallback(mNetworkInterfacesToTest[i].getNetworkType(),
+                        getSubscriberId(i), THRESHOLD_BYTES, usageCallback);
+                mNsm.unregisterUsageCallback(usageCallback);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    @Test
+    public void testDataMigrationUtils() throws Exception {
+        final List<String> prefixes = List.of(PREFIX_UID, PREFIX_XT, PREFIX_UID_TAG);
+        for (final String prefix : prefixes) {
+            final long duration = TextUtils.equals(PREFIX_XT, prefix) ? TimeUnit.HOURS.toMillis(1)
+                    : TimeUnit.HOURS.toMillis(2);
+
+            final NetworkStatsCollection collection =
+                    NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils.readPlatformCollection(prefix, duration);
+
+            final long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
+            final Set<Map.Entry<NetworkStatsCollection.Key, NetworkStatsHistory>> entries =
+                    collection.getEntries().entrySet();
+            for (final Map.Entry<NetworkStatsCollection.Key, NetworkStatsHistory> entry : entries) {
+                for (final NetworkStatsHistory.Entry historyEntry : entry.getValue().getEntries()) {
+                    // Verify all value fields are reasonable.
+                    assertTrue(historyEntry.getBucketStart() <= now);
+                    assertTrue(historyEntry.getActiveTime() <= duration);
+                    assertTrue(historyEntry.getRxBytes() >= 0);
+                    assertTrue(historyEntry.getRxPackets() >= 0);
+                    assertTrue(historyEntry.getTxBytes() >= 0);
+                    assertTrue(historyEntry.getTxPackets() >= 0);
+                    assertTrue(historyEntry.getOperations() >= 0);
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkValidationTestUtil.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkValidationTestUtil.kt
index 391d03a..375bfb8 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkValidationTestUtil.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NetworkValidationTestUtil.kt
@@ -16,16 +16,11 @@
 
 package android.net.cts
 
-import android.Manifest
-import android.net.util.NetworkStackUtils
+import android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY
-import android.util.Log
+import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants
 import com.android.testutils.runAsShell
-import com.android.testutils.tryTest
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture
-import java.util.concurrent.Executor
-import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
 
 /**
  * Collection of utility methods for configuring network validation.
@@ -38,81 +33,43 @@
      * Clear the test network validation URLs.
      */
     @JvmStatic fun clearValidationTestUrlsDeviceConfig() {
-        setHttpsUrlDeviceConfig(null)
-        setHttpUrlDeviceConfig(null)
-        setUrlExpirationDeviceConfig(null)
+        runAsShell(WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG) {
+            DeviceConfig.setProperty(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
+                    NetworkStackConstants.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTPS_URL, null, false)
+            DeviceConfig.setProperty(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
+                    NetworkStackConstants.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTP_URL, null, false)
+            DeviceConfig.setProperty(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
+                    NetworkStackConstants.TEST_URL_EXPIRATION_TIME, null, false)
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Set the test validation HTTPS URL.
      *
-     * @see NetworkStackUtils.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTPS_URL
+     * @see NetworkStackConstants.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTPS_URL
      */
-    @JvmStatic fun setHttpsUrlDeviceConfig(url: String?) =
-            setConfig(NetworkStackUtils.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTPS_URL, url)
+    @JvmStatic
+    fun setHttpsUrlDeviceConfig(rule: DeviceConfigRule, url: String?) =
+            rule.setConfig(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
+                NetworkStackConstants.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTPS_URL, url)
 
     /**
      * Set the test validation HTTP URL.
      *
-     * @see NetworkStackUtils.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTP_URL
+     * @see NetworkStackConstants.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTP_URL
      */
-    @JvmStatic fun setHttpUrlDeviceConfig(url: String?) =
-            setConfig(NetworkStackUtils.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTP_URL, url)
+    @JvmStatic
+    fun setHttpUrlDeviceConfig(rule: DeviceConfigRule, url: String?) =
+            rule.setConfig(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
+                NetworkStackConstants.TEST_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_HTTP_URL, url)
 
     /**
      * Set the test validation URL expiration.
      *
-     * @see NetworkStackUtils.TEST_URL_EXPIRATION_TIME
+     * @see NetworkStackConstants.TEST_URL_EXPIRATION_TIME
      */
-    @JvmStatic fun setUrlExpirationDeviceConfig(timestamp: Long?) =
-            setConfig(NetworkStackUtils.TEST_URL_EXPIRATION_TIME, timestamp?.toString())
-
-    private fun setConfig(configKey: String, value: String?): String? {
-        Log.i(TAG, "Setting config \"$configKey\" to \"$value\"")
-        val readWritePermissions = arrayOf(
-                Manifest.permission.READ_DEVICE_CONFIG,
-                Manifest.permission.WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG)
-
-        val existingValue = runAsShell(*readWritePermissions) {
-            DeviceConfig.getProperty(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY, configKey)
-        }
-        if (existingValue == value) {
-            // Already the correct value. There may be a race if a change is already in flight,
-            // but if multiple threads update the config there is no way to fix that anyway.
-            Log.i(TAG, "\$configKey\" already had value \"$value\"")
-            return value
-        }
-
-        val future = CompletableFuture<String>()
-        val listener = DeviceConfig.OnPropertiesChangedListener {
-            // The listener receives updates for any change to any key, so don't react to
-            // changes that do not affect the relevant key
-            if (!it.keyset.contains(configKey)) return@OnPropertiesChangedListener
-            if (it.getString(configKey, null) == value) {
-                future.complete(value)
-            }
-        }
-
-        return tryTest {
-            runAsShell(*readWritePermissions) {
-                DeviceConfig.addOnPropertiesChangedListener(
-                        NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
-                        inlineExecutor,
-                        listener)
-                DeviceConfig.setProperty(
-                        NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
-                        configKey,
-                        value,
-                        false /* makeDefault */)
-                // Don't drop the permission until the config is applied, just in case
-                future.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
-            }.also {
-                Log.i(TAG, "Config \"$configKey\" successfully set to \"$value\"")
-            }
-        } cleanup {
-            DeviceConfig.removeOnPropertiesChangedListener(listener)
-        }
-    }
-
-    private val inlineExecutor get() = Executor { r -> r.run() }
+    @JvmStatic
+    fun setUrlExpirationDeviceConfig(rule: DeviceConfigRule, timestamp: Long?) =
+            rule.setConfig(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
+                NetworkStackConstants.TEST_URL_EXPIRATION_TIME, timestamp?.toString())
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NsdManagerTest.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NsdManagerTest.kt
index b139a9b..d598830 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NsdManagerTest.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NsdManagerTest.kt
@@ -16,12 +16,14 @@
 package android.net.cts
 
 import android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS
+import android.app.compat.CompatChanges
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback
 import android.net.LinkProperties
 import android.net.Network
 import android.net.NetworkAgentConfig
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_TEMPORARILY_NOT_METERED
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_TRUSTED
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST
 import android.net.NetworkRequest
@@ -45,29 +47,35 @@
 import android.net.nsd.NsdManager.RegistrationListener
 import android.net.nsd.NsdManager.ResolveListener
 import android.net.nsd.NsdServiceInfo
+import android.os.Build
+import android.os.Handler
 import android.os.HandlerThread
+import android.os.Process.myTid
 import android.platform.test.annotations.AppModeFull
 import android.util.Log
 import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4
 import com.android.net.module.util.ArrayTrackRecord
 import com.android.net.module.util.TrackRecord
-import com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.NsdShimImpl
+import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
-import com.android.testutils.SC_V2
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkAgent
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallback
+import com.android.testutils.filters.CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk30
 import com.android.testutils.runAsShell
 import com.android.testutils.tryTest
+import com.android.testutils.waitForIdle
 import org.junit.After
 import org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
 import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
 import org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue
 import org.junit.Before
 import org.junit.Rule
 import org.junit.Test
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import java.io.File
 import java.net.ServerSocket
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets
 import java.util.Random
@@ -82,6 +90,7 @@
 private const val TAG = "NsdManagerTest"
 private const val SERVICE_TYPE = "_nmt._tcp"
 private const val TIMEOUT_MS = 2000L
+private const val NO_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 200L
 private const val DBG = false
 
 private val nsdShim = NsdShimImpl.newInstance()
@@ -89,9 +98,9 @@
 @AppModeFull(reason = "Socket cannot bind in instant app mode")
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
 class NsdManagerTest {
-    // NsdManager is not updatable before S, so tests do not need to be backwards compatible
+    // Rule used to filter CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdkXX
     @get:Rule
-    val ignoreRule = DevSdkIgnoreRule(ignoreClassUpTo = SC_V2)
+    val ignoreRule = DevSdkIgnoreRule()
 
     private val context by lazy { InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().context }
     private val nsdManager by lazy { context.getSystemService(NsdManager::class.java) }
@@ -113,17 +122,26 @@
             cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(requestCb)
             agent.unregister()
             iface.fileDescriptor.close()
+            agent.waitForIdle(TIMEOUT_MS)
         }
     }
 
     private interface NsdEvent
     private open class NsdRecord<T : NsdEvent> private constructor(
-        private val history: ArrayTrackRecord<T>
+        private val history: ArrayTrackRecord<T>,
+        private val expectedThreadId: Int? = null
     ) : TrackRecord<T> by history {
-        constructor() : this(ArrayTrackRecord())
+        constructor(expectedThreadId: Int? = null) : this(ArrayTrackRecord(), expectedThreadId)
 
         val nextEvents = history.newReadHead()
 
+        override fun add(e: T): Boolean {
+            if (expectedThreadId != null) {
+                assertEquals(expectedThreadId, myTid(), "Callback is running on the wrong thread")
+            }
+            return history.add(e)
+        }
+
         inline fun <reified V : NsdEvent> expectCallbackEventually(
             crossinline predicate: (V) -> Boolean = { true }
         ): V = nextEvents.poll(TIMEOUT_MS) { e -> e is V && predicate(e) } as V?
@@ -136,10 +154,15 @@
                     nextEvent.javaClass.simpleName)
             return nextEvent
         }
+
+        inline fun assertNoCallback(timeoutMs: Long = NO_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS) {
+            val cb = nextEvents.poll(timeoutMs)
+            assertNull(cb, "Expected no callback but got $cb")
+        }
     }
 
-    private class NsdRegistrationRecord : RegistrationListener,
-            NsdRecord<NsdRegistrationRecord.RegistrationEvent>() {
+    private class NsdRegistrationRecord(expectedThreadId: Int? = null) : RegistrationListener,
+            NsdRecord<NsdRegistrationRecord.RegistrationEvent>(expectedThreadId) {
         sealed class RegistrationEvent : NsdEvent {
             abstract val serviceInfo: NsdServiceInfo
 
@@ -176,8 +199,8 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private class NsdDiscoveryRecord : DiscoveryListener,
-            NsdRecord<NsdDiscoveryRecord.DiscoveryEvent>() {
+    private class NsdDiscoveryRecord(expectedThreadId: Int? = null) :
+            DiscoveryListener, NsdRecord<NsdDiscoveryRecord.DiscoveryEvent>(expectedThreadId) {
         sealed class DiscoveryEvent : NsdEvent {
             data class StartDiscoveryFailed(val serviceType: String, val errorCode: Int)
                 : DiscoveryEvent()
@@ -249,9 +272,11 @@
     fun setUp() {
         handlerThread.start()
 
-        runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
-            testNetwork1 = createTestNetwork()
-            testNetwork2 = createTestNetwork()
+        if (TestUtils.shouldTestTApis()) {
+            runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
+                testNetwork1 = createTestNetwork()
+                testNetwork2 = createTestNetwork()
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -268,7 +293,7 @@
         val agent = registerTestNetworkAgent(iface.interfaceName)
         val network = agent.network ?: fail("Registered agent should have a network")
         // The network has no INTERNET capability, so will be marked validated immediately
-        cb.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(network)
+        cb.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(network, TIMEOUT_MS)
         return TestTapNetwork(iface, cb, agent, network)
     }
 
@@ -290,10 +315,13 @@
 
     @After
     fun tearDown() {
-        runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
-            testNetwork1.close(cm)
-            testNetwork2.close(cm)
+        if (TestUtils.shouldTestTApis()) {
+            runAsShell(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS) {
+                testNetwork1.close(cm)
+                testNetwork2.close(cm)
+            }
         }
+        handlerThread.waitForIdle(TIMEOUT_MS)
         handlerThread.quitSafely()
     }
 
@@ -393,14 +421,17 @@
         si2.serviceName = serviceName
         si2.port = localPort
         val registrationRecord2 = NsdRegistrationRecord()
-        val registeredInfo2 = registerService(registrationRecord2, si2)
+        nsdManager.registerService(si2, NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD, registrationRecord2)
+        val registeredInfo2 = registrationRecord2.expectCallback<ServiceRegistered>().serviceInfo
 
         // Expect a service record to be discovered (and filter the ones
         // that are unrelated to this test)
         val foundInfo2 = discoveryRecord.waitForServiceDiscovered(registeredInfo2.serviceName)
 
         // Resolve the service
-        val resolvedService2 = resolveService(foundInfo2)
+        val resolveRecord2 = NsdResolveRecord()
+        nsdManager.resolveService(foundInfo2, resolveRecord2)
+        val resolvedService2 = resolveRecord2.expectCallback<ServiceResolved>().serviceInfo
 
         // Check that the resolved service doesn't have any TXT records
         assertEquals(0, resolvedService2.attributes.size)
@@ -416,7 +447,7 @@
     @Test
     fun testNsdManager_DiscoverOnNetwork() {
         // This test requires shims supporting T+ APIs (discovering on specific network)
-        assumeTrue(ConstantsShim.VERSION > SC_V2)
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis())
 
         val si = NsdServiceInfo()
         si.serviceType = SERVICE_TYPE
@@ -450,16 +481,19 @@
     @Test
     fun testNsdManager_DiscoverWithNetworkRequest() {
         // This test requires shims supporting T+ APIs (discovering on network request)
-        assumeTrue(ConstantsShim.VERSION > SC_V2)
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis())
 
         val si = NsdServiceInfo()
         si.serviceType = SERVICE_TYPE
         si.serviceName = this.serviceName
         si.port = 12345 // Test won't try to connect so port does not matter
 
-        val registrationRecord = NsdRegistrationRecord()
-        val registeredInfo1 = registerService(registrationRecord, si)
-        val discoveryRecord = NsdDiscoveryRecord()
+        val handler = Handler(handlerThread.looper)
+        val executor = Executor { handler.post(it) }
+
+        val registrationRecord = NsdRegistrationRecord(expectedThreadId = handlerThread.threadId)
+        val registeredInfo1 = registerService(registrationRecord, si, executor)
+        val discoveryRecord = NsdDiscoveryRecord(expectedThreadId = handlerThread.threadId)
 
         tryTest {
             val specifier = TestNetworkSpecifier(testNetwork1.iface.interfaceName)
@@ -469,7 +503,7 @@
                             .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_TEST)
                             .setNetworkSpecifier(specifier)
                             .build(),
-                    Executor { it.run() }, discoveryRecord)
+                    executor, discoveryRecord)
 
             val discoveryStarted = discoveryRecord.expectCallback<DiscoveryStarted>()
             assertEquals(SERVICE_TYPE, discoveryStarted.serviceType)
@@ -485,7 +519,7 @@
             assertEquals(testNetwork1.network, nsdShim.getNetwork(serviceLost1.serviceInfo))
 
             registrationRecord.expectCallback<ServiceUnregistered>()
-            val registeredInfo2 = registerService(registrationRecord, si)
+            val registeredInfo2 = registerService(registrationRecord, si, executor)
             val serviceDiscovered2 = discoveryRecord.expectCallback<ServiceFound>()
             assertEquals(registeredInfo2.serviceName, serviceDiscovered2.serviceInfo.serviceName)
             assertEquals(testNetwork1.network, nsdShim.getNetwork(serviceDiscovered2.serviceInfo))
@@ -513,9 +547,42 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    fun testNsdManager_DiscoverWithNetworkRequest_NoMatchingNetwork() {
+        // This test requires shims supporting T+ APIs (discovering on network request)
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis())
+
+        val si = NsdServiceInfo()
+        si.serviceType = SERVICE_TYPE
+        si.serviceName = this.serviceName
+        si.port = 12345 // Test won't try to connect so port does not matter
+
+        val handler = Handler(handlerThread.looper)
+        val executor = Executor { handler.post(it) }
+
+        val discoveryRecord = NsdDiscoveryRecord(expectedThreadId = handlerThread.threadId)
+        val specifier = TestNetworkSpecifier(testNetwork1.iface.interfaceName)
+
+        tryTest {
+            nsdShim.discoverServices(nsdManager, SERVICE_TYPE, NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD,
+                    NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                            .removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_TRUSTED)
+                            .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_TEST)
+                            // Specified network does not have this capability
+                            .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_TEMPORARILY_NOT_METERED)
+                            .setNetworkSpecifier(specifier)
+                            .build(),
+                    executor, discoveryRecord)
+            discoveryRecord.expectCallback<DiscoveryStarted>()
+        } cleanup {
+            nsdManager.stopServiceDiscovery(discoveryRecord)
+            discoveryRecord.expectCallback<DiscoveryStopped>()
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
     fun testNsdManager_ResolveOnNetwork() {
         // This test requires shims supporting T+ APIs (NsdServiceInfo.network)
-        assumeTrue(ConstantsShim.VERSION > SC_V2)
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis())
 
         val si = NsdServiceInfo()
         si.serviceType = SERVICE_TYPE
@@ -556,12 +623,123 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    fun testNsdManager_RegisterOnNetwork() {
+        // This test requires shims supporting T+ APIs (NsdServiceInfo.network)
+        assumeTrue(TestUtils.shouldTestTApis())
+
+        val si = NsdServiceInfo()
+        si.serviceType = SERVICE_TYPE
+        si.serviceName = this.serviceName
+        si.network = testNetwork1.network
+        si.port = 12345 // Test won't try to connect so port does not matter
+
+        // Register service on testNetwork1
+        val registrationRecord = NsdRegistrationRecord()
+        registerService(registrationRecord, si)
+        val discoveryRecord = NsdDiscoveryRecord()
+        val discoveryRecord2 = NsdDiscoveryRecord()
+        val discoveryRecord3 = NsdDiscoveryRecord()
+
+        tryTest {
+            // Discover service on testNetwork1.
+            nsdShim.discoverServices(nsdManager, SERVICE_TYPE, NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD,
+                testNetwork1.network, Executor { it.run() }, discoveryRecord)
+            // Expect that service is found on testNetwork1
+            val foundInfo = discoveryRecord.waitForServiceDiscovered(
+                serviceName, testNetwork1.network)
+            assertEquals(testNetwork1.network, nsdShim.getNetwork(foundInfo))
+
+            // Discover service on testNetwork2.
+            nsdShim.discoverServices(nsdManager, SERVICE_TYPE, NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD,
+                testNetwork2.network, Executor { it.run() }, discoveryRecord2)
+            // Expect that discovery is started then no other callbacks.
+            discoveryRecord2.expectCallback<DiscoveryStarted>()
+            discoveryRecord2.assertNoCallback()
+
+            // Discover service on all networks (not specify any network).
+            nsdShim.discoverServices(nsdManager, SERVICE_TYPE, NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD,
+                null as Network? /* network */, Executor { it.run() }, discoveryRecord3)
+            // Expect that service is found on testNetwork1
+            val foundInfo3 = discoveryRecord3.waitForServiceDiscovered(
+                    serviceName, testNetwork1.network)
+            assertEquals(testNetwork1.network, nsdShim.getNetwork(foundInfo3))
+        } cleanupStep {
+            nsdManager.stopServiceDiscovery(discoveryRecord2)
+            discoveryRecord2.expectCallback<DiscoveryStopped>()
+        } cleanup {
+            nsdManager.unregisterService(registrationRecord)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testNsdManager_RegisterServiceNameWithNonStandardCharacters() {
+        val serviceNames = "^Nsd.Test|Non-#AsCiI\\Characters&\\ufffe テスト 測試"
+        val si = NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            serviceType = SERVICE_TYPE
+            serviceName = serviceNames
+            port = 12345 // Test won't try to connect so port does not matter
+        }
+
+        // Register the service name which contains non-standard characters.
+        val registrationRecord = NsdRegistrationRecord()
+        nsdManager.registerService(si, NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD, registrationRecord)
+        registrationRecord.expectCallback<ServiceRegistered>()
+
+        tryTest {
+            // Discover that service name.
+            val discoveryRecord = NsdDiscoveryRecord()
+            nsdManager.discoverServices(
+                SERVICE_TYPE, NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD, discoveryRecord
+            )
+            val foundInfo = discoveryRecord.waitForServiceDiscovered(serviceNames)
+
+            // Expect that resolving the service name works properly even service name contains
+            // non-standard characters.
+            val resolveRecord = NsdResolveRecord()
+            nsdManager.resolveService(foundInfo, resolveRecord)
+            val resolvedCb = resolveRecord.expectCallback<ServiceResolved>()
+            assertEquals(foundInfo.serviceName, resolvedCb.serviceInfo.serviceName)
+        } cleanupStep {
+            nsdManager.unregisterService(registrationRecord)
+        } cleanup {
+            registrationRecord.expectCallback<ServiceUnregistered>()
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test @CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk30("Socket is started with the service up to target SDK 30")
+    fun testManagerCreatesLegacySocket() {
+        nsdManager // Ensure the lazy-init member is initialized, so NsdManager is created
+        val socket = File("/dev/socket/mdnsd")
+        val timeout = System.currentTimeMillis() + TIMEOUT_MS
+        while (!socket.exists() && System.currentTimeMillis() < timeout) {
+            Thread.sleep(10)
+        }
+        assertTrue("$socket was not found after $TIMEOUT_MS ms", socket.exists())
+    }
+
+    // The compat change is part of a connectivity module update that applies to T+
+    @ConnectivityModuleTest @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    @Test @CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk30("Socket is started with the service up to target SDK 30")
+    fun testManagerCreatesLegacySocket_CompatChange() {
+        // The socket may have been already created by some other app, or some other test, in which
+        // case this test cannot verify creation. At least verify that the compat change is
+        // disabled in a process with max SDK 30; unit tests already verify that start is requested
+        // when the compat change is disabled.
+        // Note that before T the compat constant had a different int value.
+        assertFalse(CompatChanges.isChangeEnabled(
+                NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER))
+    }
+
     /**
      * Register a service and return its registration record.
      */
-    private fun registerService(record: NsdRegistrationRecord, si: NsdServiceInfo): NsdServiceInfo {
-        nsdShim.registerService(nsdManager, si, NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD, Executor { it.run() },
-                record)
+    private fun registerService(
+        record: NsdRegistrationRecord,
+        si: NsdServiceInfo,
+        executor: Executor = Executor { it.run() }
+    ): NsdServiceInfo {
+        nsdShim.registerService(nsdManager, si, NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD, executor, record)
         // We may not always get the name that we tried to register;
         // This events tells us the name that was registered.
         val cb = record.expectCallback<ServiceRegistered>()
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/QosCallbackExceptionTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/QosCallbackExceptionTest.java
index cd43a34..04abd72 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/QosCallbackExceptionTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/QosCallbackExceptionTest.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.net.cts;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
@@ -24,8 +25,11 @@
 import android.net.QosCallbackException;
 import android.net.SocketLocalAddressChangedException;
 import android.net.SocketNotBoundException;
+import android.net.SocketNotConnectedException;
+import android.net.SocketRemoteAddressChangedException;
 import android.os.Build;
 
+import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
 
@@ -34,14 +38,9 @@
 
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@ConnectivityModuleTest
 public class QosCallbackExceptionTest {
     private static final String ERROR_MESSAGE = "Test Error Message";
-    private static final String ERROR_MSG_SOCK_NOT_BOUND = "The socket is unbound";
-    private static final String ERROR_MSG_NET_RELEASED =
-            "The network was released and is no longer available";
-    private static final String ERROR_MSG_SOCK_ADDR_CHANGED =
-            "The local address of the socket changed";
-
 
     @Test
     public void testQosCallbackException() throws Exception {
@@ -57,33 +56,65 @@
     public void testNetworkReleasedExceptions() throws Exception {
         final Throwable netReleasedException = new NetworkReleasedException();
         final QosCallbackException exception = new QosCallbackException(netReleasedException);
-
-        assertTrue(exception.getCause() instanceof NetworkReleasedException);
-        assertEquals(netReleasedException, exception.getCause());
-        assertTrue(exception.getMessage().contains(ERROR_MSG_NET_RELEASED));
-        assertThrowableMessageContains(exception, ERROR_MSG_NET_RELEASED);
+        validateQosCallbackException(
+                exception, netReleasedException, NetworkReleasedException.class);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testSocketNotBoundExceptions() throws Exception {
         final Throwable sockNotBoundException = new SocketNotBoundException();
         final QosCallbackException exception = new QosCallbackException(sockNotBoundException);
-
-        assertTrue(exception.getCause() instanceof SocketNotBoundException);
-        assertEquals(sockNotBoundException, exception.getCause());
-        assertTrue(exception.getMessage().contains(ERROR_MSG_SOCK_NOT_BOUND));
-        assertThrowableMessageContains(exception, ERROR_MSG_SOCK_NOT_BOUND);
+        validateQosCallbackException(
+                exception, sockNotBoundException, SocketNotBoundException.class);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testSocketLocalAddressChangedExceptions() throws  Exception {
-        final Throwable localAddrChangedException = new SocketLocalAddressChangedException();
-        final QosCallbackException exception = new QosCallbackException(localAddrChangedException);
+        final Throwable localAddressChangedException = new SocketLocalAddressChangedException();
+        final QosCallbackException exception =
+                new QosCallbackException(localAddressChangedException);
+        validateQosCallbackException(
+                exception, localAddressChangedException, SocketLocalAddressChangedException.class);
+    }
 
-        assertTrue(exception.getCause() instanceof SocketLocalAddressChangedException);
-        assertEquals(localAddrChangedException, exception.getCause());
-        assertTrue(exception.getMessage().contains(ERROR_MSG_SOCK_ADDR_CHANGED));
-        assertThrowableMessageContains(exception, ERROR_MSG_SOCK_ADDR_CHANGED);
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
+    public void testSocketNotConnectedExceptions() throws Exception {
+        final Throwable sockNotConnectedException = new SocketNotConnectedException();
+        final QosCallbackException exception = new QosCallbackException(sockNotConnectedException);
+        validateQosCallbackException(
+                exception, sockNotConnectedException, SocketNotConnectedException.class);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
+    public void testSocketRemoteAddressChangedExceptions() throws  Exception {
+        final Throwable remoteAddressChangedException = new SocketRemoteAddressChangedException();
+        final QosCallbackException exception =
+                new QosCallbackException(remoteAddressChangedException);
+        validateQosCallbackException(
+                exception, remoteAddressChangedException,
+                SocketRemoteAddressChangedException.class);
+    }
+
+    private void validateQosCallbackException(
+            QosCallbackException e, Throwable cause, Class c) throws Exception {
+        if (c == SocketNotConnectedException.class) {
+            assertTrue(e.getCause() instanceof SocketNotConnectedException);
+        } else if (c == SocketRemoteAddressChangedException.class) {
+            assertTrue(e.getCause() instanceof SocketRemoteAddressChangedException);
+        } else if (c == SocketLocalAddressChangedException.class) {
+            assertTrue(e.getCause() instanceof SocketLocalAddressChangedException);
+        } else if (c == SocketNotBoundException.class) {
+            assertTrue(e.getCause() instanceof SocketNotBoundException);
+        } else if (c == NetworkReleasedException.class) {
+            assertTrue(e.getCause() instanceof NetworkReleasedException);
+        } else {
+            fail("unexpected error msg.");
+        }
+        assertEquals(cause, e.getCause());
+        assertFalse(e.getMessage().isEmpty());
+        assertThrowableMessageContains(e, e.getMessage());
     }
 
     private void assertThrowableMessageContains(QosCallbackException exception, String errorMsg)
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/RateLimitTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/RateLimitTest.java
index 423f213..28cec1a 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/RateLimitTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/RateLimitTest.java
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@
         // If this value is too low, this test might become flaky because of the burst value that
         // allows to send at a higher data rate for a short period of time. The faster the data rate
         // and the longer the test, the less this test will be affected.
-        final long dataLimitInBytesPerSecond = 1_000_000; // 1MB/s
+        final long dataLimitInBytesPerSecond = 2_000_000; // 2MB/s
         long resultInBytesPerSecond = runIngressDataRateMeasurement(Duration.ofSeconds(1));
         assertGreaterThan("Failed initial test with rate limit disabled", resultInBytesPerSecond,
                 dataLimitInBytesPerSecond);
@@ -315,9 +315,9 @@
         waitForTcPoliceFilterInstalled(Duration.ofSeconds(1));
 
         resultInBytesPerSecond = runIngressDataRateMeasurement(Duration.ofSeconds(10));
-        // Add 1% tolerance to reduce test flakiness. Burst size is constant at 128KiB.
+        // Add 10% tolerance to reduce test flakiness. Burst size is constant at 128KiB.
         assertLessThan("Failed test with rate limit enabled", resultInBytesPerSecond,
-                (long) (dataLimitInBytesPerSecond * 1.01));
+                (long) (dataLimitInBytesPerSecond * 1.1));
 
         ConnectivitySettingsManager.setIngressRateLimitInBytesPerSecond(mContext, -1);
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/TunUtils.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/TunUtils.java
index d8e39b4..0377160 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/TunUtils.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/TunUtils.java
@@ -27,12 +27,13 @@
 
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
 
+import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
+
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
@@ -170,7 +171,7 @@
      */
     private static boolean isEspFailIfSpecifiedPlaintextFound(
             byte[] pkt, int spi, boolean encap, byte[] plaintext) {
-        if (Collections.indexOfSubList(Arrays.asList(pkt), Arrays.asList(plaintext)) != -1) {
+        if (CollectionUtils.indexOfSubArray(pkt, plaintext) != -1) {
             fail("Banned plaintext packet found");
         }
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/UriTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/UriTest.java
index 40b8fb7..741947b 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/UriTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/UriTest.java
@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@
 import android.net.Uri;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
+
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+
 import java.io.File;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -577,11 +580,21 @@
                 "rtsp://username:password@rtsp.android.com:2121/");
     }
 
-    public void testToSafeString_notSupport() {
-        checkToSafeString("unsupported://ajkakjah/askdha/secret?secret",
-                "unsupported://ajkakjah/askdha/secret?secret");
-        checkToSafeString("unsupported:ajkakjah/askdha/secret?secret",
-                "unsupported:ajkakjah/askdha/secret?secret");
+    public void testToSafeString_customUri() {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            checkToSafeString("other://ajkakjah/...",
+                    "other://ajkakjah/askdha/secret?secret");
+            checkToSafeString("unsupported:", "unsupported:foo//bar");
+            checkToSafeString("other://host:80/...", "other://user@host:80/secret/path/");
+            checkToSafeString("content://contacts/...",
+                    "content://contacts/secret/path/name@foo.com");
+            checkToSafeString("file:///...", "file:///path/to/secret.doc");
+        } else {
+            checkToSafeString("unsupported://ajkakjah/askdha/secret?secret",
+                    "unsupported://ajkakjah/askdha/secret?secret");
+            checkToSafeString("unsupported:ajkakjah/askdha/secret?secret",
+                    "unsupported:ajkakjah/askdha/secret?secret");
+        }
     }
 
     private void checkToSafeString(String expectedSafeString, String original) {
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/CtsNetUtils.java b/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/CtsNetUtils.java
index 7254319..9d1fa60 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/CtsNetUtils.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/CtsNetUtils.java
@@ -16,11 +16,13 @@
 
 package android.net.cts.util;
 
+import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST;
 
 import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.PropertyUtil.getFirstApiLevel;
+import static com.android.testutils.TestPermissionUtil.runAsShell;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
@@ -288,7 +290,8 @@
         filter.addAction(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION);
         mContext.registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
 
-        final WifiInfo wifiInfo = mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
+        final WifiInfo wifiInfo = runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS,
+                () -> mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo());
         final boolean wasWifiConnected = wifiInfo != null && wifiInfo.getNetworkId() != -1;
         // Assert that we can establish a TCP connection on wifi.
         Socket wifiBoundSocket = null;
@@ -354,7 +357,7 @@
 
     public Network connectToCell() throws InterruptedException {
         if (cellConnectAttempted()) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException("Already connected");
+            mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(mCellNetworkCallback);
         }
         NetworkRequest cellRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/CtsTetheringUtils.java b/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/CtsTetheringUtils.java
index 8c5372d..8b904bc 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/CtsTetheringUtils.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/CtsTetheringUtils.java
@@ -16,12 +16,18 @@
 
 package android.net.cts.util;
 
+import static android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.TETHER_PRIVILEGED;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_WIFI;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_FAILED;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_STARTED;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_STOPPED;
 
+import static com.android.testutils.TestPermissionUtil.runAsShell;
+
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
@@ -46,6 +52,7 @@
 import android.os.ConditionVariable;
 
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil;
 import com.android.net.module.util.ArrayTrackRecord;
@@ -290,13 +297,12 @@
                     }));
         }
 
-        public TetheringInterface expectTetheredInterfacesChanged(
-                @NonNull final List<String> regexs, final int type) {
+        @Nullable
+        public TetheringInterface pollTetheredInterfacesChanged(
+                @NonNull final List<String> regexs, final int type, long timeOutMs) {
             while (true) {
-                final CallbackValue cv = mCurrent.poll(TIMEOUT_MS, c -> true);
-                if (cv == null) {
-                    fail("No expected tethered ifaces callback, expected type: " + type);
-                }
+                final CallbackValue cv = mCurrent.poll(timeOutMs, c -> true);
+                if (cv == null) return null;
 
                 if (cv.callbackType != CallbackType.ON_TETHERED_IFACES) continue;
 
@@ -310,6 +316,19 @@
             }
         }
 
+        @NonNull
+        public TetheringInterface expectTetheredInterfacesChanged(
+                @NonNull final List<String> regexs, final int type) {
+            final TetheringInterface iface = pollTetheredInterfacesChanged(regexs, type,
+                    TIMEOUT_MS);
+
+            if (iface == null) {
+                fail("No expected tethered ifaces callback, expected type: " + type);
+            }
+
+            return iface;
+        }
+
         public void expectCallbackStarted() {
             // This method uses its own readhead because it just check whether last tethering status
             // is updated after TetheringEventCallback get registered but do not check content
@@ -396,9 +415,14 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private static boolean isWifiEnabled(final WifiManager wm) {
+        return runAsShell(ACCESS_WIFI_STATE, () -> wm.isWifiEnabled());
+
+    }
+
     private static void waitForWifiEnabled(final Context ctx) throws Exception {
         WifiManager wm = ctx.getSystemService(WifiManager.class);
-        if (wm.isWifiEnabled()) return;
+        if (isWifiEnabled(wm)) return;
 
         final ConditionVariable mWaiting = new ConditionVariable();
         final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@@ -406,7 +430,7 @@
             public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                 String action = intent.getAction();
                 if (WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(action)) {
-                    if (wm.isWifiEnabled()) mWaiting.open();
+                    if (isWifiEnabled(wm)) mWaiting.open();
                 }
             }
         };
@@ -414,7 +438,7 @@
             ctx.registerReceiver(receiver, new IntentFilter(WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION));
             if (!mWaiting.block(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
                 assertTrue("Wifi did not become enabled after " + DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS + "ms",
-                        wm.isWifiEnabled());
+                        isWifiEnabled(wm));
             }
         } finally {
             ctx.unregisterReceiver(receiver);
@@ -425,14 +449,16 @@
         final TestTetheringEventCallback tetherEventCallback =
                 new TestTetheringEventCallback();
 
-        mTm.registerTetheringEventCallback(c -> c.run() /* executor */, tetherEventCallback);
-        tetherEventCallback.expectCallbackStarted();
+        runAsShell(ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE, NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> {
+            mTm.registerTetheringEventCallback(c -> c.run() /* executor */, tetherEventCallback);
+            tetherEventCallback.expectCallbackStarted();
+        });
 
         return tetherEventCallback;
     }
 
     public void unregisterTetheringEventCallback(final TestTetheringEventCallback callback) {
-        mTm.unregisterTetheringEventCallback(callback);
+        runAsShell(ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE, () -> mTm.unregisterTetheringEventCallback(callback));
     }
 
     private static List<String> getWifiTetherableInterfaceRegexps(
@@ -446,11 +472,11 @@
         if (!pm.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI)) return false;
         final WifiManager wm = ctx.getSystemService(WifiManager.class);
         // Wifi feature flags only work when wifi is on.
-        final boolean previousWifiEnabledState = wm.isWifiEnabled();
+        final boolean previousWifiEnabledState = isWifiEnabled(wm);
         try {
             if (!previousWifiEnabledState) SystemUtil.runShellCommand("svc wifi enable");
             waitForWifiEnabled(ctx);
-            return wm.isPortableHotspotSupported();
+            return runAsShell(ACCESS_WIFI_STATE, () -> wm.isPortableHotspotSupported());
         } finally {
             if (!previousWifiEnabledState) SystemUtil.runShellCommand("svc wifi disable");
         }
@@ -463,17 +489,20 @@
         final StartTetheringCallback startTetheringCallback = new StartTetheringCallback();
         final TetheringRequest request = new TetheringRequest.Builder(TETHERING_WIFI)
                 .setShouldShowEntitlementUi(false).build();
-        mTm.startTethering(request, c -> c.run() /* executor */, startTetheringCallback);
-        startTetheringCallback.verifyTetheringStarted();
 
-        final TetheringInterface iface =
-                callback.expectTetheredInterfacesChanged(wifiRegexs, TETHERING_WIFI);
+        return runAsShell(TETHER_PRIVILEGED, () -> {
+            mTm.startTethering(request, c -> c.run() /* executor */, startTetheringCallback);
+            startTetheringCallback.verifyTetheringStarted();
 
-        callback.expectOneOfOffloadStatusChanged(
-                TETHER_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_STARTED,
-                TETHER_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_FAILED);
+            final TetheringInterface iface =
+                    callback.expectTetheredInterfacesChanged(wifiRegexs, TETHERING_WIFI);
 
-        return iface;
+            callback.expectOneOfOffloadStatusChanged(
+                    TETHER_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_STARTED,
+                    TETHER_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_FAILED);
+
+            return iface;
+        });
     }
 
     private static class StopSoftApCallback implements SoftApCallback {
@@ -501,23 +530,33 @@
     public void expectSoftApDisabled() {
         final StopSoftApCallback callback = new StopSoftApCallback();
         try {
-            mWm.registerSoftApCallback(c -> c.run(), callback);
+            runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> mWm.registerSoftApCallback(c -> c.run(), callback));
             // registerSoftApCallback will immediately call the callback with the current state, so
             // this callback will fire even if softAp is already disabled.
             callback.waitForSoftApStopped();
         } finally {
-            mWm.unregisterSoftApCallback(callback);
+            runAsShell(NETWORK_SETTINGS, () -> mWm.unregisterSoftApCallback(callback));
         }
     }
 
     public void stopWifiTethering(final TestTetheringEventCallback callback) {
-        mTm.stopTethering(TETHERING_WIFI);
+        runAsShell(TETHER_PRIVILEGED, () -> {
+            mTm.stopTethering(TETHERING_WIFI);
+            callback.expectNoTetheringActive();
+            callback.expectOneOfOffloadStatusChanged(TETHER_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_STOPPED);
+        });
         expectSoftApDisabled();
-        callback.expectNoTetheringActive();
-        callback.expectOneOfOffloadStatusChanged(TETHER_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_STOPPED);
     }
 
     public void stopAllTethering() {
-        mTm.stopAllTethering();
+        final TestTetheringEventCallback callback = registerTetheringEventCallback();
+        try {
+            runAsShell(TETHER_PRIVILEGED, () -> {
+                mTm.stopAllTethering();
+                callback.expectNoTetheringActive();
+            });
+        } finally {
+            unregisterTetheringEventCallback(callback);
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/IkeSessionTestUtils.java b/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/IkeSessionTestUtils.java
index b4ebcdb..11eb466 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/IkeSessionTestUtils.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/util/java/android/net/cts/util/IkeSessionTestUtils.java
@@ -16,44 +16,79 @@
 
 package android.net.cts.util;
 
+import static android.net.ipsec.ike.SaProposal.DH_GROUP_4096_BIT_MODP;
+import static android.net.ipsec.ike.SaProposal.ENCRYPTION_ALGORITHM_AES_CBC;
+import static android.net.ipsec.ike.SaProposal.ENCRYPTION_ALGORITHM_AES_GCM_12;
+import static android.net.ipsec.ike.SaProposal.INTEGRITY_ALGORITHM_HMAC_SHA2_256_128;
 import static android.net.ipsec.ike.SaProposal.KEY_LEN_AES_128;
-import static android.net.ipsec.ike.SaProposal.KEY_LEN_UNUSED;
+import static android.net.ipsec.ike.SaProposal.KEY_LEN_AES_256;
+import static android.net.ipsec.ike.SaProposal.PSEUDORANDOM_FUNCTION_AES128_XCBC;
 
+import android.net.InetAddresses;
 import android.net.ipsec.ike.ChildSaProposal;
 import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeFqdnIdentification;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeIdentification;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeIpv4AddrIdentification;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeIpv6AddrIdentification;
 import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeSaProposal;
 import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeSessionParams;
-import android.net.ipsec.ike.SaProposal;
 import android.net.ipsec.ike.TunnelModeChildSessionParams;
 
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+
 /** Shared testing parameters and util methods for testing IKE */
 public class IkeSessionTestUtils {
-    private static final String TEST_CLIENT_ADDR = "test.client.com";
-    private static final String TEST_SERVER_ADDR = "test.server.com";
-    private static final String TEST_SERVER = "2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334";
+    private static final String TEST_SERVER_ADDR_V4 = "192.0.2.2";
+    private static final String TEST_SERVER_ADDR_V6 = "2001:db8::2";
+    private static final String TEST_IDENTITY = "client.cts.android.com";
+    private static final byte[] TEST_PSK = "ikeAndroidPsk".getBytes();
+    public static final IkeSessionParams IKE_PARAMS_V4 = getTestIkeSessionParams(false);
+    public static final IkeSessionParams IKE_PARAMS_V6 = getTestIkeSessionParams(true);
 
-    public static final IkeSaProposal SA_PROPOSAL = new IkeSaProposal.Builder()
-            .addEncryptionAlgorithm(SaProposal.ENCRYPTION_ALGORITHM_3DES, KEY_LEN_UNUSED)
-            .addIntegrityAlgorithm(SaProposal.INTEGRITY_ALGORITHM_HMAC_SHA1_96)
-            .addPseudorandomFunction(SaProposal.PSEUDORANDOM_FUNCTION_AES128_XCBC)
-            .addDhGroup(SaProposal.DH_GROUP_1024_BIT_MODP)
-            .build();
-    public static final ChildSaProposal CHILD_PROPOSAL = new ChildSaProposal.Builder()
-            .addEncryptionAlgorithm(SaProposal.ENCRYPTION_ALGORITHM_AES_CBC, KEY_LEN_AES_128)
-            .addIntegrityAlgorithm(SaProposal.INTEGRITY_ALGORITHM_NONE)
-            .addDhGroup(SaProposal.DH_GROUP_1024_BIT_MODP)
-            .build();
+    public static final TunnelModeChildSessionParams CHILD_PARAMS = getChildSessionParams();
 
-    public static final IkeSessionParams IKE_PARAMS =
-            new IkeSessionParams.Builder()
-                    .setServerHostname(TEST_SERVER)
-                    .addSaProposal(SA_PROPOSAL)
-                    .setLocalIdentification(new IkeFqdnIdentification(TEST_CLIENT_ADDR))
-                    .setRemoteIdentification(new IkeFqdnIdentification(TEST_SERVER_ADDR))
-                    .setAuthPsk("psk".getBytes())
-                    .build();
-    public static final TunnelModeChildSessionParams CHILD_PARAMS =
-            new TunnelModeChildSessionParams.Builder()
-                    .addSaProposal(CHILD_PROPOSAL)
-                    .build();
+    private static TunnelModeChildSessionParams getChildSessionParams() {
+        final TunnelModeChildSessionParams.Builder childOptionsBuilder =
+                new TunnelModeChildSessionParams.Builder()
+                        .addSaProposal(getChildSaProposals());
+
+        return childOptionsBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    private static IkeSessionParams getTestIkeSessionParams(boolean testIpv6) {
+        return getTestIkeSessionParams(testIpv6, new IkeFqdnIdentification(TEST_IDENTITY));
+    }
+
+    public static IkeSessionParams getTestIkeSessionParams(boolean testIpv6,
+            IkeIdentification identification) {
+        final String testServer = testIpv6 ? TEST_SERVER_ADDR_V6 : TEST_SERVER_ADDR_V4;
+        final InetAddress addr = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(testServer);
+        final IkeSessionParams.Builder ikeOptionsBuilder =
+                new IkeSessionParams.Builder()
+                        .setServerHostname(testServer)
+                        .setLocalIdentification(new IkeFqdnIdentification(TEST_IDENTITY))
+                        .setRemoteIdentification(testIpv6
+                                ? new IkeIpv6AddrIdentification((Inet6Address) addr)
+                                : new IkeIpv4AddrIdentification((Inet4Address) addr))
+                        .setAuthPsk(TEST_PSK)
+                        .addSaProposal(getIkeSaProposals());
+
+        return ikeOptionsBuilder.build();
+    }
+
+    private static IkeSaProposal getIkeSaProposals() {
+        return new IkeSaProposal.Builder()
+                .addEncryptionAlgorithm(ENCRYPTION_ALGORITHM_AES_CBC, KEY_LEN_AES_256)
+                .addIntegrityAlgorithm(INTEGRITY_ALGORITHM_HMAC_SHA2_256_128)
+                .addDhGroup(DH_GROUP_4096_BIT_MODP)
+                .addPseudorandomFunction(PSEUDORANDOM_FUNCTION_AES128_XCBC).build();
+    }
+
+    private static ChildSaProposal getChildSaProposals() {
+        return new ChildSaProposal.Builder()
+                .addEncryptionAlgorithm(ENCRYPTION_ALGORITHM_AES_GCM_12, KEY_LEN_AES_128)
+                .build();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/tethering/Android.bp b/tests/cts/tethering/Android.bp
index e9c4e5a..42949a4 100644
--- a/tests/cts/tethering/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/cts/tethering/Android.bp
@@ -53,10 +53,12 @@
 // mainline modules on release devices.
 android_test {
     name: "CtsTetheringTestLatestSdk",
-    defaults: ["CtsTetheringTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: [
+        "ConnectivityTestsLatestSdkDefaults",
+        "CtsTetheringTestDefaults",
+    ],
 
     min_sdk_version: "30",
-    target_sdk_version: "30",
 
     static_libs: [
         "TetheringIntegrationTestsLatestSdkLib",
diff --git a/tests/cts/tethering/src/android/tethering/cts/TetheringManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/tethering/src/android/tethering/cts/TetheringManagerTest.java
index bd1b74a..274596f 100644
--- a/tests/cts/tethering/src/android/tethering/cts/TetheringManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/tethering/src/android/tethering/cts/TetheringManagerTest.java
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
  */
 package android.tethering.test;
 
+import static android.Manifest.permission.MODIFY_PHONE_STATE;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.TETHER_PRIVILEGED;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_TELEPHONY;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_DUN;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET;
@@ -28,6 +30,8 @@
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR;
 import static android.net.cts.util.CtsTetheringUtils.isAnyIfaceMatch;
 
+import static com.android.testutils.TestPermissionUtil.runAsShell;
+
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
@@ -37,7 +41,6 @@
 import static org.junit.Assume.assumeFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 
-import android.app.UiAutomation;
 import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
@@ -97,21 +100,8 @@
 
     private static final int DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS = 60_000;
 
-    private void adoptShellPermissionIdentity() {
-        final UiAutomation uiAutomation =
-                InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation();
-        uiAutomation.adoptShellPermissionIdentity();
-    }
-
-    private void dropShellPermissionIdentity() {
-        final UiAutomation uiAutomation =
-                InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation();
-        uiAutomation.dropShellPermissionIdentity();
-    }
-
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
-        adoptShellPermissionIdentity();
         mContext = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
         mCm = (ConnectivityManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
         mTM = (TetheringManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.TETHERING_SERVICE);
@@ -128,9 +118,8 @@
 
     @After
     public void tearDown() throws Exception {
-        mTM.stopAllTethering();
+        mCtsTetheringUtils.stopAllTethering();
         mContext.unregisterReceiver(mTetherChangeReceiver);
-        dropShellPermissionIdentity();
     }
 
     private class TetherChangeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@@ -208,22 +197,19 @@
                 mCtsTetheringUtils.registerTetheringEventCallback();
         try {
             tetherEventCallback.assumeWifiTetheringSupported(mContext);
+            tetherEventCallback.expectNoTetheringActive();
+
+            final String[] wifiRegexs = mTM.getTetherableWifiRegexs();
+            mCtsTetheringUtils.startWifiTethering(tetherEventCallback);
+
+            mTetherChangeReceiver.expectTethering(true /* active */, wifiRegexs);
+
+            mCtsTetheringUtils.stopWifiTethering(tetherEventCallback);
+            mTetherChangeReceiver.expectTethering(false /* active */, wifiRegexs);
         } finally {
             mCtsTetheringUtils.unregisterTetheringEventCallback(tetherEventCallback);
         }
 
-        final String[] wifiRegexs = mTM.getTetherableWifiRegexs();
-        final StartTetheringCallback startTetheringCallback = new StartTetheringCallback();
-        final TetheringRequest request = new TetheringRequest.Builder(TETHERING_WIFI)
-                .setShouldShowEntitlementUi(false).build();
-        mTM.startTethering(request, c -> c.run() /* executor */, startTetheringCallback);
-        startTetheringCallback.verifyTetheringStarted();
-
-        mTetherChangeReceiver.expectTethering(true /* active */, wifiRegexs);
-
-        mTM.stopTethering(TETHERING_WIFI);
-        mCtsTetheringUtils.expectSoftApDisabled();
-        mTetherChangeReceiver.expectTethering(false /* active */, wifiRegexs);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -267,7 +253,7 @@
             mCtsTetheringUtils.stopWifiTethering(tetherEventCallback);
 
             try {
-                final int ret = mTM.tether(wifiTetheringIface);
+                final int ret = runAsShell(TETHER_PRIVILEGED, () -> mTM.tether(wifiTetheringIface));
                 // There is no guarantee that the wifi interface will be available after disabling
                 // the hotspot, so don't fail the test if the call to tether() fails.
                 if (ret == TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR) {
@@ -277,7 +263,7 @@
                             new TetheringInterface(TETHERING_WIFI, wifiTetheringIface));
                 }
             } finally {
-                mTM.untether(wifiTetheringIface);
+                runAsShell(TETHER_PRIVILEGED, () -> mTM.untether(wifiTetheringIface));
             }
         } finally {
             mCtsTetheringUtils.unregisterTetheringEventCallback(tetherEventCallback);
@@ -320,7 +306,7 @@
 
             mCtsTetheringUtils.startWifiTethering(tetherEventCallback);
 
-            mTM.stopAllTethering();
+            mCtsTetheringUtils.stopAllTethering();
             tetherEventCallback.expectNoTetheringActive();
         } finally {
             mCtsTetheringUtils.unregisterTetheringEventCallback(tetherEventCallback);
@@ -329,7 +315,6 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testEnableTetheringPermission() throws Exception {
-        dropShellPermissionIdentity();
         final StartTetheringCallback startTetheringCallback = new StartTetheringCallback();
         mTM.startTethering(new TetheringRequest.Builder(TETHERING_WIFI).build(),
                 c -> c.run() /* executor */, startTetheringCallback);
@@ -352,15 +337,21 @@
 
     private void assertEntitlementResult(final Consumer<EntitlementResultListener> functor,
             final int expect) throws Exception {
-        final EntitlementResultListener listener = new EntitlementResultListener();
-        functor.accept(listener);
+        runAsShell(TETHER_PRIVILEGED, () -> {
+            final EntitlementResultListener listener = new EntitlementResultListener();
+            functor.accept(listener);
 
-        assertEquals(expect, listener.get(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+            assertEquals(expect, listener.get(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+        });
+    }
+
+    private boolean isTetheringSupported() {
+        return runAsShell(TETHER_PRIVILEGED, () -> mTM.isTetheringSupported());
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testRequestLatestEntitlementResult() throws Exception {
-        assumeTrue(mTM.isTetheringSupported());
+        assumeTrue(isTetheringSupported());
         assumeTrue(mPm.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_TELEPHONY));
         // Verify that requestLatestTetheringEntitlementResult() can get entitlement
         // result(TETHER_ERROR_ENTITLEMENT_UNKNOWN due to invalid downstream type) via listener.
@@ -407,7 +398,13 @@
         final CarrierConfigManager configManager = (CarrierConfigManager) mContext
                 .getSystemService(Context.CARRIER_CONFIG_SERVICE);
         final int subId = SubscriptionManager.getDefaultSubscriptionId();
-        configManager.overrideConfig(subId, bundle);
+        runAsShell(MODIFY_PHONE_STATE, () -> configManager.overrideConfig(subId, bundle));
+    }
+
+    private boolean isTetheringApnRequired() {
+        final TelephonyManager tm = mContext.getSystemService(TelephonyManager.class);
+        return runAsShell(MODIFY_PHONE_STATE, () -> tm.isTetheringApnRequired());
+
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -447,10 +444,8 @@
 
             mCtsTetheringUtils.startWifiTethering(tetherEventCallback);
 
-            final TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) mContext.getSystemService(
-                    Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
-            final boolean dunRequired = telephonyManager.isTetheringApnRequired();
-            final int expectedCap = dunRequired ? NET_CAPABILITY_DUN : NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET;
+            final int expectedCap = isTetheringApnRequired()
+                    ? NET_CAPABILITY_DUN : NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET;
             final Network network = tetherEventCallback.getCurrentValidUpstream();
             final NetworkCapabilities netCap = mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(network);
             assertTrue(netCap.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR));
diff --git a/tests/integration/Android.bp b/tests/integration/Android.bp
index 97c1265..e3d80a0 100644
--- a/tests/integration/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/integration/Android.bp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 android_test {
     name: "FrameworksNetIntegrationTests",
-    defaults: ["framework-connectivity-test-defaults"],
+    defaults: ["framework-connectivity-internal-test-defaults"],
     platform_apis: true,
     certificate: "platform",
     srcs: [
@@ -71,8 +71,12 @@
         "net-tests-utils",
     ],
     libs: [
-        "service-connectivity",
+        "service-connectivity-pre-jarjar",
         "services.core",
         "services.net",
     ],
+    visibility: [
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/tests/integration",
+        "//packages/modules/Connectivity/tests/unit",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/tests/integration/AndroidManifest.xml b/tests/integration/AndroidManifest.xml
index 2e13689..50f02d3 100644
--- a/tests/integration/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/tests/integration/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
                 <action android:name=".INetworkStackInstrumentation"/>
             </intent-filter>
         </service>
-        <service android:name="com.android.server.connectivity.ipmemorystore.RegularMaintenanceJobService"
+        <service android:name="com.android.networkstack.ipmemorystore.RegularMaintenanceJobService"
              android:process="com.android.server.net.integrationtests.testnetworkstack"
              android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE"/>
 
diff --git a/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt b/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt
index 80338aa..26b058d 100644
--- a/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt
+++ b/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 import android.net.TestNetworkStackClient
 import android.net.Uri
 import android.net.metrics.IpConnectivityLog
-import android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTracker
+import com.android.server.connectivity.MultinetworkPolicyTracker
 import android.os.ConditionVariable
 import android.os.IBinder
 import android.os.SystemConfigManager
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
 import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
 import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
 import com.android.connectivity.resources.R
+import com.android.server.BpfNetMaps
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService
 import com.android.server.NetworkAgentWrapper
 import com.android.server.TestNetIdManager
@@ -208,11 +209,17 @@
         doReturn(mock(ProxyTracker::class.java)).`when`(deps).makeProxyTracker(any(), any())
         doReturn(mock(MockableSystemProperties::class.java)).`when`(deps).systemProperties
         doReturn(TestNetIdManager()).`when`(deps).makeNetIdManager()
+        doReturn(mock(BpfNetMaps::class.java)).`when`(deps).getBpfNetMaps(any(), any())
         doAnswer { inv ->
-            object : MultinetworkPolicyTracker(inv.getArgument(0), inv.getArgument(1),
-                    inv.getArgument(2)) {
-                override fun getResourcesForActiveSubId() = resources
-            }
+            MultinetworkPolicyTracker(inv.getArgument(0),
+                    inv.getArgument(1),
+                    inv.getArgument(2),
+                    object : MultinetworkPolicyTracker.Dependencies() {
+                        override fun getResourcesForActiveSubId(
+                            connResources: ConnectivityResources,
+                            activeSubId: Int
+                        ) = resources
+                    })
         }.`when`(deps).makeMultinetworkPolicyTracker(any(), any(), any())
         return deps
     }
diff --git a/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/TestNetworkStackService.kt b/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/TestNetworkStackService.kt
index c7cf040..361c968 100644
--- a/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/TestNetworkStackService.kt
+++ b/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/TestNetworkStackService.kt
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@
 import android.net.INetworkMonitorCallbacks
 import android.net.Network
 import android.net.metrics.IpConnectivityLog
-import android.net.util.SharedLog
 import android.os.IBinder
+import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog
 import com.android.networkstack.netlink.TcpSocketTracker
 import com.android.server.NetworkStackService
 import com.android.server.NetworkStackService.NetworkMonitorConnector
diff --git a/tests/integration/util/com/android/server/NetworkAgentWrapper.java b/tests/integration/util/com/android/server/NetworkAgentWrapper.java
index 2763f5a..28edcb2 100644
--- a/tests/integration/util/com/android/server/NetworkAgentWrapper.java
+++ b/tests/integration/util/com/android/server/NetworkAgentWrapper.java
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
 
 public class NetworkAgentWrapper implements TestableNetworkCallback.HasNetwork {
     private final NetworkCapabilities mNetworkCapabilities;
@@ -83,14 +84,35 @@
     private final ArrayTrackRecord<CallbackType>.ReadHead mCallbackHistory =
             new ArrayTrackRecord<CallbackType>().newReadHead();
 
+    public static class Callbacks {
+        public final Consumer<NetworkAgent> onNetworkCreated;
+        public final Consumer<NetworkAgent> onNetworkUnwanted;
+        public final Consumer<NetworkAgent> onNetworkDestroyed;
+
+        public Callbacks() {
+            this(null, null, null);
+        }
+
+        public Callbacks(Consumer<NetworkAgent> onNetworkCreated,
+                Consumer<NetworkAgent> onNetworkUnwanted,
+                Consumer<NetworkAgent> onNetworkDestroyed) {
+            this.onNetworkCreated = onNetworkCreated;
+            this.onNetworkUnwanted = onNetworkUnwanted;
+            this.onNetworkDestroyed = onNetworkDestroyed;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final Callbacks mCallbacks;
+
     public NetworkAgentWrapper(int transport, LinkProperties linkProperties,
             NetworkCapabilities ncTemplate, Context context) throws Exception {
-        this(transport, linkProperties, ncTemplate, null /* provider */, context);
+        this(transport, linkProperties, ncTemplate, null /* provider */,
+                null /* callbacks */, context);
     }
 
     public NetworkAgentWrapper(int transport, LinkProperties linkProperties,
             NetworkCapabilities ncTemplate, NetworkProvider provider,
-            Context context) throws Exception {
+            Callbacks callbacks, Context context) throws Exception {
         final int type = transportToLegacyType(transport);
         final String typeName = ConnectivityManager.getNetworkTypeName(type);
         mNetworkCapabilities = (ncTemplate != null) ? ncTemplate : new NetworkCapabilities();
@@ -135,6 +157,7 @@
                 .setLegacyTypeName(typeName)
                 .setLegacyExtraInfo(extraInfo)
                 .build();
+        mCallbacks = (callbacks != null) ? callbacks : new Callbacks();
         mNetworkAgent = makeNetworkAgent(linkProperties, mNetworkAgentConfig, provider);
     }
 
@@ -214,6 +237,31 @@
         protected void removeKeepalivePacketFilter(Message msg) {
             Log.i(mWrapper.mLogTag, "Remove keepalive packet filter.");
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onNetworkCreated() {
+            super.onNetworkCreated();
+            if (mWrapper.mCallbacks.onNetworkCreated != null) {
+                mWrapper.mCallbacks.onNetworkCreated.accept(this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onNetworkUnwanted() {
+            super.onNetworkUnwanted();
+            if (mWrapper.mCallbacks.onNetworkUnwanted != null) {
+                mWrapper.mCallbacks.onNetworkUnwanted.accept(this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onNetworkDestroyed() {
+            super.onNetworkDestroyed();
+            if (mWrapper.mCallbacks.onNetworkDestroyed != null) {
+                mWrapper.mCallbacks.onNetworkDestroyed.accept(this);
+            }
+        }
+
     }
 
     public void setScore(@NonNull final NetworkScore score) {
@@ -221,6 +269,7 @@
         mNetworkAgent.sendNetworkScore(score);
     }
 
+    // TODO : remove adjustScore and replace with the appropriate exiting flags.
     public void adjustScore(int change) {
         final int newLegacyScore = mScore.getLegacyInt() + change;
         final NetworkScore.Builder builder = new NetworkScore.Builder()
diff --git a/tests/mts/bpf_existence_test.cpp b/tests/mts/bpf_existence_test.cpp
index 2bba282..c7e8b97 100644
--- a/tests/mts/bpf_existence_test.cpp
+++ b/tests/mts/bpf_existence_test.cpp
@@ -31,22 +31,22 @@
 using std::set;
 using std::string;
 
+using android::bpf::isAtLeastKernelVersion;
 using android::modules::sdklevel::IsAtLeastR;
 using android::modules::sdklevel::IsAtLeastS;
 using android::modules::sdklevel::IsAtLeastT;
 
-// Mainline development branches lack the constant for the current development OS.
-#ifndef __ANDROID_API_T__
-#define __ANDROID_API_T__ 33
-#endif
-
 #define PLATFORM "/sys/fs/bpf/"
 #define TETHERING "/sys/fs/bpf/tethering/"
+#define PRIVATE "/sys/fs/bpf/net_private/"
+#define SHARED "/sys/fs/bpf/net_shared/"
+#define NETD "/sys/fs/bpf/netd_shared/"
 
 class BpfExistenceTest : public ::testing::Test {
 };
 
-static const set<string> INTRODUCED_R = {
+// Part of Android R platform, but mainlined in S
+static const set<string> PLATFORM_ONLY_IN_R = {
     PLATFORM "map_offload_tether_ingress_map",
     PLATFORM "map_offload_tether_limit_map",
     PLATFORM "map_offload_tether_stats_map",
@@ -54,7 +54,8 @@
     PLATFORM "prog_offload_schedcls_ingress_tether_rawip",
 };
 
-static const set<string> INTRODUCED_S = {
+// Provided by *current* mainline module for S+ devices
+static const set<string> MAINLINE_FOR_S_PLUS = {
     TETHERING "map_offload_tether_dev_map",
     TETHERING "map_offload_tether_downstream4_map",
     TETHERING "map_offload_tether_downstream64_map",
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@
     TETHERING "map_offload_tether_stats_map",
     TETHERING "map_offload_tether_upstream4_map",
     TETHERING "map_offload_tether_upstream6_map",
+    TETHERING "map_test_bitmap",
     TETHERING "map_test_tether_downstream6_map",
     TETHERING "prog_offload_schedcls_tether_downstream4_ether",
     TETHERING "prog_offload_schedcls_tether_downstream4_rawip",
@@ -75,61 +77,83 @@
     TETHERING "prog_offload_schedcls_tether_upstream6_rawip",
 };
 
-static const set<string> REMOVED_S = {
-    PLATFORM "map_offload_tether_ingress_map",
-    PLATFORM "map_offload_tether_limit_map",
-    PLATFORM "map_offload_tether_stats_map",
-    PLATFORM "prog_offload_schedcls_ingress_tether_ether",
-    PLATFORM "prog_offload_schedcls_ingress_tether_rawip",
+// Provided by *current* mainline module for S+ devices with 5.10+ kernels
+static const set<string> MAINLINE_FOR_S_5_10_PLUS = {
+    TETHERING "prog_test_xdp_drop_ipv4_udp_ether",
 };
 
-static const set<string> INTRODUCED_T = {
+// Provided by *current* mainline module for T+ devices
+static const set<string> MAINLINE_FOR_T_PLUS = {
+    SHARED "map_block_blocked_ports_map",
+    SHARED "map_clatd_clat_egress4_map",
+    SHARED "map_clatd_clat_ingress6_map",
+    SHARED "map_dscpPolicy_ipv4_dscp_policies_map",
+    SHARED "map_dscpPolicy_ipv6_dscp_policies_map",
+    SHARED "map_dscpPolicy_socket_policy_cache_map",
+    NETD "map_netd_app_uid_stats_map",
+    NETD "map_netd_configuration_map",
+    NETD "map_netd_cookie_tag_map",
+    NETD "map_netd_iface_index_name_map",
+    NETD "map_netd_iface_stats_map",
+    NETD "map_netd_stats_map_A",
+    NETD "map_netd_stats_map_B",
+    NETD "map_netd_uid_counterset_map",
+    NETD "map_netd_uid_owner_map",
+    NETD "map_netd_uid_permission_map",
+    SHARED "prog_clatd_schedcls_egress4_clat_ether",
+    SHARED "prog_clatd_schedcls_egress4_clat_rawip",
+    SHARED "prog_clatd_schedcls_ingress6_clat_ether",
+    SHARED "prog_clatd_schedcls_ingress6_clat_rawip",
+    NETD "prog_netd_cgroupskb_egress_stats",
+    NETD "prog_netd_cgroupskb_ingress_stats",
+    NETD "prog_netd_cgroupsock_inet_create",
+    NETD "prog_netd_schedact_ingress_account",
+    NETD "prog_netd_skfilter_allowlist_xtbpf",
+    NETD "prog_netd_skfilter_denylist_xtbpf",
+    NETD "prog_netd_skfilter_egress_xtbpf",
+    NETD "prog_netd_skfilter_ingress_xtbpf",
 };
 
-static const set<string> REMOVED_T = {
+// Provided by *current* mainline module for T+ devices with 5.4+ kernels
+static const set<string> MAINLINE_FOR_T_5_4_PLUS = {
+    SHARED "prog_block_bind4_block_port",
+    SHARED "prog_block_bind6_block_port",
+};
+
+// Provided by *current* mainline module for T+ devices with 5.15+ kernels
+static const set<string> MAINLINE_FOR_T_5_15_PLUS = {
+    SHARED "prog_dscpPolicy_schedcls_set_dscp_ether",
 };
 
 void addAll(set<string>* a, const set<string>& b) {
     a->insert(b.begin(), b.end());
 }
 
-void removeAll(set<string>* a, const set<string>& b) {
-    for (const auto& toRemove : b) {
-        a->erase(toRemove);
-    }
-}
+#define DO_EXPECT(B, V) do { \
+    if (B) addAll(expected, (V)); else addAll(unexpected, (V)); \
+} while (0)
 
 void getFileLists(set<string>* expected, set<string>* unexpected) {
     unexpected->clear();
     expected->clear();
 
-    addAll(unexpected, INTRODUCED_R);
-    addAll(unexpected, INTRODUCED_S);
-    addAll(unexpected, INTRODUCED_T);
+    // We do not actually check the platform P/Q (netd) and Q (clatd) things
+    // and only verify the mainline module relevant R+ offload maps & progs.
+    //
+    // The goal of this test is to verify compatibility with the tethering mainline module,
+    // and not to test the platform itself, which may have been modified by vendor or oems,
+    // so we should only test for the removal of stuff that was mainline'd,
+    // and for the presence of mainline stuff.
+    DO_EXPECT(IsAtLeastR() && !IsAtLeastS(), PLATFORM_ONLY_IN_R);
 
-    if (IsAtLeastR()) {
-        addAll(expected, INTRODUCED_R);
-        removeAll(unexpected, INTRODUCED_R);
-        // Nothing removed in R.
-    }
-
-    if (IsAtLeastS()) {
-        addAll(expected, INTRODUCED_S);
-        removeAll(expected, REMOVED_S);
-
-        addAll(unexpected, REMOVED_S);
-        removeAll(unexpected, INTRODUCED_S);
-    }
+    DO_EXPECT(IsAtLeastS(), MAINLINE_FOR_S_PLUS);
+    DO_EXPECT(IsAtLeastS() && isAtLeastKernelVersion(5, 10, 0), MAINLINE_FOR_S_5_10_PLUS);
 
     // Nothing added or removed in SCv2.
 
-    if (IsAtLeastT()) {
-        addAll(expected, INTRODUCED_T);
-        removeAll(expected, REMOVED_T);
-
-        addAll(unexpected, REMOVED_T);
-        removeAll(unexpected, INTRODUCED_T);
-    }
+    DO_EXPECT(IsAtLeastT(), MAINLINE_FOR_T_PLUS);
+    DO_EXPECT(IsAtLeastT() && isAtLeastKernelVersion(5, 4, 0), MAINLINE_FOR_T_5_4_PLUS);
+    DO_EXPECT(IsAtLeastT() && isAtLeastKernelVersion(5, 15, 0), MAINLINE_FOR_T_5_15_PLUS);
 }
 
 void checkFiles() {
diff --git a/tests/native/Android.bp b/tests/native/Android.bp
deleted file mode 100644
index a8d908a..0000000
--- a/tests/native/Android.bp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-package {
-    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
-}
-
-cc_test {
-    name: "connectivity_native_test",
-    test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
-        "mts-tethering",
-        "vts",
-    ],
-    test_config_template: "AndroidTestTemplate.xml",
-    min_sdk_version: "31",
-    tidy: false,
-    srcs: [
-        "connectivity_native_test.cpp",
-    ],
-    header_libs: ["bpf_connectivity_headers"],
-    shared_libs: [
-        "libbase",
-        "libbinder_ndk",
-        "liblog",
-        "libnetutils",
-        "libprocessgroup",
-    ],
-    static_libs: [
-        "connectivity_native_aidl_interface-lateststable-ndk",
-        "libcutils",
-        "libmodules-utils-build",
-        "libutils",
-    ],
-    compile_multilib: "first",
-}
diff --git a/tests/native/connectivity_native_test.cpp b/tests/native/connectivity_native_test.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 8b089ab..0000000
--- a/tests/native/connectivity_native_test.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,281 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#include <android-modules-utils/sdk_level.h>
-#include <cutils/misc.h>  // FIRST_APPLICATION_UID
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <netinet/in.h>
-#include <android/binder_manager.h>
-#include <android/binder_process.h>
-
-#include <aidl/android/net/connectivity/aidl/ConnectivityNative.h>
-
-using aidl::android::net::connectivity::aidl::IConnectivityNative;
-
-class ConnectivityNativeBinderTest : public ::testing::Test {
-  public:
-    std::vector<int32_t> mActualBlockedPorts;
-
-    ConnectivityNativeBinderTest() {
-        AIBinder* binder = AServiceManager_getService("connectivity_native");
-        ndk::SpAIBinder sBinder = ndk::SpAIBinder(binder);
-        mService = aidl::android::net::connectivity::aidl::IConnectivityNative::fromBinder(sBinder);
-    }
-
-    void SetUp() override {
-        // Skip test case if not on T.
-        if (!android::modules::sdklevel::IsAtLeastT()) GTEST_SKIP() <<
-                "Should be at least T device.";
-
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mService.get());
-
-        // If there are already ports being blocked on device unblockAllPortsForBind() store
-        // the currently blocked ports and add them back at the end of the test. Do this for
-        // every test case so additional test cases do not forget to add ports back.
-        ndk::ScopedAStatus status = mService->getPortsBlockedForBind(&mActualBlockedPorts);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-
-    }
-
-    void TearDown() override {
-        ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
-        if (mActualBlockedPorts.size() > 0) {
-            for (int i : mActualBlockedPorts) {
-                mService->blockPortForBind(i);
-                EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-  protected:
-    std::shared_ptr<IConnectivityNative> mService;
-
-    void runSocketTest (sa_family_t family, const int type, bool blockPort) {
-        ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
-        in_port_t port = 0;
-        int sock, sock2;
-        // Open two sockets with SO_REUSEADDR and expect they can both bind to port.
-        sock = openSocket(&port, family, type, false /* expectBindFail */);
-        sock2 = openSocket(&port, family, type, false /* expectBindFail */);
-
-        int blockedPort = 0;
-        if (blockPort) {
-            blockedPort = ntohs(port);
-            status = mService->blockPortForBind(blockedPort);
-            EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-        }
-
-        int sock3 = openSocket(&port, family, type, blockPort /* expectBindFail */);
-
-        if (blockPort) {
-            EXPECT_EQ(-1, sock3);
-            status = mService->unblockPortForBind(blockedPort);
-            EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-        } else {
-            EXPECT_NE(-1, sock3);
-        }
-
-        close(sock);
-        close(sock2);
-        close(sock3);
-    }
-
-    /*
-    * Open the socket and update the port.
-    */
-    int openSocket(in_port_t* port, sa_family_t family, const int type, bool expectBindFail) {
-        int ret = 0;
-        int enable = 1;
-        const int sock = socket(family, type, 0);
-        ret = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &enable, sizeof(enable));
-        EXPECT_EQ(0, ret);
-
-        if (family == AF_INET) {
-            struct sockaddr_in addr4 = { .sin_family = family, .sin_port = htons(*port) };
-            ret = bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*) &addr4, sizeof(addr4));
-        } else {
-            struct sockaddr_in6 addr6 = { .sin6_family = family, .sin6_port = htons(*port) };
-            ret = bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*) &addr6, sizeof(addr6));
-        }
-
-        if (expectBindFail) {
-            EXPECT_NE(0, ret);
-            // If port is blocked, return here since the port is not needed
-            // for subsequent sockets.
-            close(sock);
-            return -1;
-        }
-        EXPECT_EQ(0, ret) << "bind unexpectedly failed, errno: " << errno;
-
-        if (family == AF_INET) {
-            struct sockaddr_in sin;
-            socklen_t len = sizeof(sin);
-            EXPECT_NE(-1, getsockname(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, &len));
-            EXPECT_NE(0, ntohs(sin.sin_port));
-            if (*port != 0) EXPECT_EQ(*port, ntohs(sin.sin_port));
-            *port = ntohs(sin.sin_port);
-        } else {
-            struct sockaddr_in6 sin;
-            socklen_t len = sizeof(sin);
-            EXPECT_NE(-1, getsockname(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, &len));
-            EXPECT_NE(0, ntohs(sin.sin6_port));
-            if (*port != 0) EXPECT_EQ(*port, ntohs(sin.sin6_port));
-            *port = ntohs(sin.sin6_port);
-        }
-        return sock;
-    }
-};
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, PortUnblockedV4Udp) {
-    runSocketTest(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, false);
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, PortUnblockedV4Tcp) {
-    runSocketTest(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, false);
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, PortUnblockedV6Udp) {
-    runSocketTest(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, false);
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, PortUnblockedV6Tcp) {
-    runSocketTest(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, false);
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockPort4Udp) {
-    runSocketTest(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, true);
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockPort4Tcp) {
-    runSocketTest(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, true);
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockPort6Udp) {
-    runSocketTest(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, true);
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockPort6Tcp) {
-    runSocketTest(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, true);
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockPortTwice) {
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus status = mService->blockPortForBind(5555);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-    status = mService->blockPortForBind(5555);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-    status = mService->unblockPortForBind(5555);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, GetBlockedPorts) {
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
-    std::vector<int> blockedPorts{1, 100, 1220, 1333, 2700, 5555, 5600, 65000};
-    for (int i : blockedPorts) {
-        status = mService->blockPortForBind(i);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-    }
-    std::vector<int32_t> actualBlockedPorts;
-    status = mService->getPortsBlockedForBind(&actualBlockedPorts);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-    EXPECT_FALSE(actualBlockedPorts.empty());
-    EXPECT_EQ(blockedPorts, actualBlockedPorts);
-
-    // Remove the ports we added.
-    status = mService->unblockAllPortsForBind();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-    status = mService->getPortsBlockedForBind(&actualBlockedPorts);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(actualBlockedPorts.empty());
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, UnblockAllPorts) {
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
-    std::vector<int> blockedPorts{1, 100, 1220, 1333, 2700, 5555, 5600, 65000};
-
-    if (mActualBlockedPorts.size() > 0) {
-        status = mService->unblockAllPortsForBind();
-    }
-
-    for (int i : blockedPorts) {
-        status = mService->blockPortForBind(i);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-    }
-
-    std::vector<int32_t> actualBlockedPorts;
-    status = mService->getPortsBlockedForBind(&actualBlockedPorts);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-    EXPECT_FALSE(actualBlockedPorts.empty());
-
-    status = mService->unblockAllPortsForBind();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-    status = mService->getPortsBlockedForBind(&actualBlockedPorts);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(actualBlockedPorts.empty());
-    // If mActualBlockedPorts is not empty, ports will be added back in teardown.
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockNegativePort) {
-    int retry = 0;
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
-    do {
-        status = mService->blockPortForBind(-1);
-        // TODO: find out why transaction failed is being thrown on the first attempt.
-    } while (status.getExceptionCode() == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED && retry++ < 5);
-    EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode());
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, UnblockNegativePort) {
-    int retry = 0;
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
-    do {
-        status = mService->unblockPortForBind(-1);
-        // TODO: find out why transaction failed is being thrown on the first attempt.
-    } while (status.getExceptionCode() == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED && retry++ < 5);
-    EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode());
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockMaxPort) {
-    int retry = 0;
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
-    do {
-        status = mService->blockPortForBind(65536);
-        // TODO: find out why transaction failed is being thrown on the first attempt.
-    } while (status.getExceptionCode() == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED && retry++ < 5);
-    EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode());
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, UnblockMaxPort) {
-    int retry = 0;
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
-    do {
-        status = mService->unblockPortForBind(65536);
-        // TODO: find out why transaction failed is being thrown on the first attempt.
-    } while (status.getExceptionCode() == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED && retry++ < 5);
-    EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode());
-}
-
-TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, CheckPermission) {
-    int retry = 0;
-    int curUid = getuid();
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, seteuid(FIRST_APPLICATION_UID + 2000)) << "seteuid failed: " << strerror(errno);
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
-    do {
-        status = mService->blockPortForBind(5555);
-        // TODO: find out why transaction failed is being thrown on the first attempt.
-    } while (status.getExceptionCode() == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED && retry++ < 5);
-    EXPECT_EQ(EX_SECURITY, status.getExceptionCode());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, seteuid(curUid)) << "seteuid failed: " << strerror(errno);
-}
diff --git a/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/Android.bp b/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d43aa8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "connectivity_native_test",
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "mts-tethering",
+        "vts",
+    ],
+    test_config_template: "AndroidTestTemplate.xml",
+    min_sdk_version: "31",
+    tidy: false,
+    srcs: [
+        "connectivity_native_test.cpp",
+    ],
+    header_libs: ["bpf_connectivity_headers"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "liblog",
+        "libnetutils",
+        "libprocessgroup",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "connectivity_native_aidl_interface-lateststable-ndk",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libmodules-utils-build",
+        "libutils",
+    ],
+    compile_multilib: "first",
+}
+
+filegroup {
+    name: "net_native_test_config_template",
+    srcs: [
+        "NetNativeTestConfigTemplate.xml",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/tests/native/AndroidTestTemplate.xml b/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/AndroidTestTemplate.xml
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/native/AndroidTestTemplate.xml
rename to tests/native/connectivity_native_test/AndroidTestTemplate.xml
diff --git a/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/NetNativeTestConfigTemplate.xml b/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/NetNativeTestConfigTemplate.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b71e9aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/NetNativeTestConfigTemplate.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Configuration for {MODULE} tests">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="mts" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="mainline-param" value="CaptivePortalLoginGoogle.apk+NetworkStackGoogle.apk+com.google.android.resolv.apex+com.google.android.tethering.apex" />
+    <!-- Only run tests if the device under test is SDK version 33 (Android 13) or above. -->
+    <object type="module_controller" class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.suite.module.Sdk33ModuleController" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer"/>
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.compatibility.common.tradefed.targetprep.FilePusher">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="{MODULE}->/data/local/tmp/{MODULE}" />
+        <option name="append-bitness" value="true" />
+    </target_preparer>
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="{MODULE}" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/tests/native/OWNERS b/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/OWNERS
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/native/OWNERS
rename to tests/native/connectivity_native_test/OWNERS
diff --git a/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/connectivity_native_test.cpp b/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/connectivity_native_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3db5265
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/native/connectivity_native_test/connectivity_native_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <aidl/android/net/connectivity/aidl/ConnectivityNative.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+#include <android-modules-utils/sdk_level.h>
+#include <cutils/misc.h>  // FIRST_APPLICATION_UID
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+
+#include "bpf/BpfUtils.h"
+
+using aidl::android::net::connectivity::aidl::IConnectivityNative;
+
+class ConnectivityNativeBinderTest : public ::testing::Test {
+  public:
+    std::vector<int32_t> mActualBlockedPorts;
+
+    ConnectivityNativeBinderTest() {
+        AIBinder* binder = AServiceManager_getService("connectivity_native");
+        ndk::SpAIBinder sBinder = ndk::SpAIBinder(binder);
+        mService = aidl::android::net::connectivity::aidl::IConnectivityNative::fromBinder(sBinder);
+    }
+
+    void SetUp() override {
+        // Skip test case if not on T.
+        if (!android::modules::sdklevel::IsAtLeastT()) GTEST_SKIP() <<
+                "Should be at least T device.";
+
+        // Skip test case if not on 5.4 kernel which is required by bpf prog.
+        if (!android::bpf::isAtLeastKernelVersion(5, 4, 0)) GTEST_SKIP() <<
+                "Kernel should be at least 5.4.";
+
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mService.get());
+
+        // If there are already ports being blocked on device unblockAllPortsForBind() store
+        // the currently blocked ports and add them back at the end of the test. Do this for
+        // every test case so additional test cases do not forget to add ports back.
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus status = mService->getPortsBlockedForBind(&mActualBlockedPorts);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+
+    }
+
+    void TearDown() override {
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
+        if (mActualBlockedPorts.size() > 0) {
+            for (int i : mActualBlockedPorts) {
+                mService->blockPortForBind(i);
+                EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    std::shared_ptr<IConnectivityNative> mService;
+
+    void runSocketTest (sa_family_t family, const int type, bool blockPort) {
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
+        in_port_t port = 0;
+        int sock, sock2;
+        // Open two sockets with SO_REUSEADDR and expect they can both bind to port.
+        sock = openSocket(&port, family, type, false /* expectBindFail */);
+        sock2 = openSocket(&port, family, type, false /* expectBindFail */);
+
+        int blockedPort = 0;
+        if (blockPort) {
+            blockedPort = ntohs(port);
+            status = mService->blockPortForBind(blockedPort);
+            EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+        }
+
+        int sock3 = openSocket(&port, family, type, blockPort /* expectBindFail */);
+
+        if (blockPort) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(-1, sock3);
+            status = mService->unblockPortForBind(blockedPort);
+            EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+        } else {
+            EXPECT_NE(-1, sock3);
+        }
+
+        close(sock);
+        close(sock2);
+        close(sock3);
+    }
+
+    /*
+    * Open the socket and update the port.
+    */
+    int openSocket(in_port_t* port, sa_family_t family, const int type, bool expectBindFail) {
+        int ret = 0;
+        int enable = 1;
+        const int sock = socket(family, type, 0);
+        ret = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &enable, sizeof(enable));
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, ret);
+
+        if (family == AF_INET) {
+            struct sockaddr_in addr4 = { .sin_family = family, .sin_port = htons(*port) };
+            ret = bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*) &addr4, sizeof(addr4));
+        } else {
+            struct sockaddr_in6 addr6 = { .sin6_family = family, .sin6_port = htons(*port) };
+            ret = bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*) &addr6, sizeof(addr6));
+        }
+
+        if (expectBindFail) {
+            EXPECT_NE(0, ret);
+            // If port is blocked, return here since the port is not needed
+            // for subsequent sockets.
+            close(sock);
+            return -1;
+        }
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, ret) << "bind unexpectedly failed, errno: " << errno;
+
+        if (family == AF_INET) {
+            struct sockaddr_in sin;
+            socklen_t len = sizeof(sin);
+            EXPECT_NE(-1, getsockname(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, &len));
+            EXPECT_NE(0, ntohs(sin.sin_port));
+            if (*port != 0) EXPECT_EQ(*port, ntohs(sin.sin_port));
+            *port = ntohs(sin.sin_port);
+        } else {
+            struct sockaddr_in6 sin;
+            socklen_t len = sizeof(sin);
+            EXPECT_NE(-1, getsockname(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, &len));
+            EXPECT_NE(0, ntohs(sin.sin6_port));
+            if (*port != 0) EXPECT_EQ(*port, ntohs(sin.sin6_port));
+            *port = ntohs(sin.sin6_port);
+        }
+        return sock;
+    }
+};
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, PortUnblockedV4Udp) {
+    runSocketTest(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, false);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, PortUnblockedV4Tcp) {
+    runSocketTest(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, false);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, PortUnblockedV6Udp) {
+    runSocketTest(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, false);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, PortUnblockedV6Tcp) {
+    runSocketTest(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, false);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockPort4Udp) {
+    runSocketTest(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockPort4Tcp) {
+    runSocketTest(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockPort6Udp) {
+    runSocketTest(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockPort6Tcp) {
+    runSocketTest(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, true);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockPortTwice) {
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus status = mService->blockPortForBind(5555);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+    status = mService->blockPortForBind(5555);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+    status = mService->unblockPortForBind(5555);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, GetBlockedPorts) {
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
+    std::vector<int> blockedPorts{1, 100, 1220, 1333, 2700, 5555, 5600, 65000};
+    for (int i : blockedPorts) {
+        status = mService->blockPortForBind(i);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+    }
+    std::vector<int32_t> actualBlockedPorts;
+    status = mService->getPortsBlockedForBind(&actualBlockedPorts);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(actualBlockedPorts.empty());
+    EXPECT_EQ(blockedPorts, actualBlockedPorts);
+
+    // Remove the ports we added.
+    status = mService->unblockAllPortsForBind();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+    status = mService->getPortsBlockedForBind(&actualBlockedPorts);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(actualBlockedPorts.empty());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, UnblockAllPorts) {
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
+    std::vector<int> blockedPorts{1, 100, 1220, 1333, 2700, 5555, 5600, 65000};
+
+    if (mActualBlockedPorts.size() > 0) {
+        status = mService->unblockAllPortsForBind();
+    }
+
+    for (int i : blockedPorts) {
+        status = mService->blockPortForBind(i);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+    }
+
+    std::vector<int32_t> actualBlockedPorts;
+    status = mService->getPortsBlockedForBind(&actualBlockedPorts);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(actualBlockedPorts.empty());
+
+    status = mService->unblockAllPortsForBind();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+    status = mService->getPortsBlockedForBind(&actualBlockedPorts);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription ();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(actualBlockedPorts.empty());
+    // If mActualBlockedPorts is not empty, ports will be added back in teardown.
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockNegativePort) {
+    int retry = 0;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
+    do {
+        status = mService->blockPortForBind(-1);
+        // TODO: find out why transaction failed is being thrown on the first attempt.
+    } while (status.getExceptionCode() == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED && retry++ < 5);
+    EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, UnblockNegativePort) {
+    int retry = 0;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
+    do {
+        status = mService->unblockPortForBind(-1);
+        // TODO: find out why transaction failed is being thrown on the first attempt.
+    } while (status.getExceptionCode() == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED && retry++ < 5);
+    EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, BlockMaxPort) {
+    int retry = 0;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
+    do {
+        status = mService->blockPortForBind(65536);
+        // TODO: find out why transaction failed is being thrown on the first attempt.
+    } while (status.getExceptionCode() == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED && retry++ < 5);
+    EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, UnblockMaxPort) {
+    int retry = 0;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
+    do {
+        status = mService->unblockPortForBind(65536);
+        // TODO: find out why transaction failed is being thrown on the first attempt.
+    } while (status.getExceptionCode() == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED && retry++ < 5);
+    EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode());
+}
+
+TEST_F(ConnectivityNativeBinderTest, CheckPermission) {
+    int retry = 0;
+    int curUid = getuid();
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, seteuid(FIRST_APPLICATION_UID + 2000)) << "seteuid failed: " << strerror(errno);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
+    do {
+        status = mService->blockPortForBind(5555);
+        // TODO: find out why transaction failed is being thrown on the first attempt.
+    } while (status.getExceptionCode() == EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED && retry++ < 5);
+    EXPECT_EQ(EX_SECURITY, status.getExceptionCode());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, seteuid(curUid)) << "seteuid failed: " << strerror(errno);
+}
diff --git a/tests/native/utilities/Android.bp b/tests/native/utilities/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4706b3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/native/utilities/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+cc_test_library {
+    name: "libconnectivity_native_test_utils",
+    defaults: [
+        "netd_defaults",
+        "resolv_test_defaults"
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "firewall.cpp",
+    ],
+    header_libs: [
+        "bpf_connectivity_headers",
+    ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: ["bpf_connectivity_headers"],
+    export_include_dirs: ["."],
+}
diff --git a/tests/native/utilities/firewall.cpp b/tests/native/utilities/firewall.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4669cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/native/utilities/firewall.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "firewall.h"
+
+#include <android-base/result.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+Firewall::Firewall() {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
+    auto result = mConfigurationMap.init(CONFIGURATION_MAP_PATH);
+    EXPECT_RESULT_OK(result) << "init mConfigurationMap failed";
+
+    result = mUidOwnerMap.init(UID_OWNER_MAP_PATH);
+    EXPECT_RESULT_OK(result) << "init mUidOwnerMap failed";
+}
+
+Firewall* Firewall::getInstance() {
+    static Firewall instance;
+    return &instance;
+}
+
+Result<void> Firewall::toggleStandbyMatch(bool enable) {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
+    uint32_t key = UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY;
+    auto oldConfiguration = mConfigurationMap.readValue(key);
+    if (!oldConfiguration.ok()) {
+        return Errorf("Cannot read the old configuration: {}", oldConfiguration.error().message());
+    }
+
+    BpfConfig newConfiguration = enable ? (oldConfiguration.value() | STANDBY_MATCH)
+                                        : (oldConfiguration.value() & (~STANDBY_MATCH));
+    auto res = mConfigurationMap.writeValue(key, newConfiguration, BPF_EXIST);
+    if (!res.ok()) return Errorf("Failed to toggle STANDBY_MATCH: {}", res.error().message());
+
+    return {};
+}
+
+Result<void> Firewall::addRule(uint32_t uid, UidOwnerMatchType match, uint32_t iif) {
+    // iif should be non-zero if and only if match == MATCH_IIF
+    if (match == IIF_MATCH && iif == 0) {
+        return Errorf("Interface match {} must have nonzero interface index", match);
+    } else if (match != IIF_MATCH && iif != 0) {
+        return Errorf("Non-interface match {} must have zero interface index", match);
+    }
+
+    std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
+    auto oldMatch = mUidOwnerMap.readValue(uid);
+    if (oldMatch.ok()) {
+        UidOwnerValue newMatch = {
+                .iif = iif ? iif : oldMatch.value().iif,
+                .rule = static_cast<uint8_t>(oldMatch.value().rule | match),
+        };
+        auto res = mUidOwnerMap.writeValue(uid, newMatch, BPF_ANY);
+        if (!res.ok()) return Errorf("Failed to update rule: {}", res.error().message());
+    } else {
+        UidOwnerValue newMatch = {
+                .iif = iif,
+                .rule = static_cast<uint8_t>(match),
+        };
+        auto res = mUidOwnerMap.writeValue(uid, newMatch, BPF_ANY);
+        if (!res.ok()) return Errorf("Failed to add rule: {}", res.error().message());
+    }
+    return {};
+}
+
+Result<void> Firewall::removeRule(uint32_t uid, UidOwnerMatchType match) {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mMutex);
+    auto oldMatch = mUidOwnerMap.readValue(uid);
+    if (!oldMatch.ok()) return Errorf("uid: %u does not exist in map", uid);
+
+    UidOwnerValue newMatch = {
+            .iif = (match == IIF_MATCH) ? 0 : oldMatch.value().iif,
+            .rule = static_cast<uint8_t>(oldMatch.value().rule & ~match),
+    };
+    if (newMatch.rule == 0) {
+        auto res = mUidOwnerMap.deleteValue(uid);
+        if (!res.ok()) return Errorf("Failed to remove rule: {}", res.error().message());
+    } else {
+        auto res = mUidOwnerMap.writeValue(uid, newMatch, BPF_ANY);
+        if (!res.ok()) return Errorf("Failed to update rule: {}", res.error().message());
+    }
+    return {};
+}
+
+Result<void> Firewall::addUidInterfaceRules(const std::string& ifName,
+                                            const std::vector<int32_t>& uids) {
+    unsigned int iif = if_nametoindex(ifName.c_str());
+    if (!iif) return Errorf("Failed to get interface index: {}", ifName);
+
+    for (auto uid : uids) {
+        auto res = addRule(uid, IIF_MATCH, iif);
+        if (!res.ok()) return res;
+    }
+    return {};
+}
+
+Result<void> Firewall::removeUidInterfaceRules(const std::vector<int32_t>& uids) {
+    for (auto uid : uids) {
+        auto res = removeRule(uid, IIF_MATCH);
+        if (!res.ok()) return res;
+    }
+    return {};
+}
diff --git a/tests/native/utilities/firewall.h b/tests/native/utilities/firewall.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..185559b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/native/utilities/firewall.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <bpf/BpfMap.h>
+#include <bpf_shared.h>
+
+using android::base::Result;
+using android::bpf::BpfMap;
+
+class Firewall {
+  public:
+    Firewall() EXCLUDES(mMutex);
+    static Firewall* getInstance();
+    Result<void> toggleStandbyMatch(bool enable) EXCLUDES(mMutex);
+    Result<void> addRule(uint32_t uid, UidOwnerMatchType match, uint32_t iif = 0) EXCLUDES(mMutex);
+    Result<void> removeRule(uint32_t uid, UidOwnerMatchType match) EXCLUDES(mMutex);
+    Result<void> addUidInterfaceRules(const std::string& ifName, const std::vector<int32_t>& uids);
+    Result<void> removeUidInterfaceRules(const std::vector<int32_t>& uids);
+
+  private:
+    BpfMap<uint32_t, uint32_t> mConfigurationMap GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+    BpfMap<uint32_t, UidOwnerValue> mUidOwnerMap GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
+    std::mutex mMutex;
+};
diff --git a/tests/smoketest/Android.bp b/tests/smoketest/Android.bp
index df8ab74..4ab24fc 100644
--- a/tests/smoketest/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/smoketest/Android.bp
@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@
     static_libs: [
         "androidx.test.rules",
         "mockito-target-minus-junit4",
-        "service-connectivity",
+        "service-connectivity-for-tests",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/Android.bp b/tests/unit/Android.bp
index 545f7b9..cb68235 100644
--- a/tests/unit/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/unit/Android.bp
@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@
 //########################################################################
 package {
     // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "Android-Apache-2.0"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
     default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
 }
 
@@ -54,41 +58,23 @@
 filegroup {
     name: "non-connectivity-module-test",
     srcs: [
-        "java/android/app/usage/*.java",
-        "java/android/net/EthernetNetworkUpdateRequestTest.java",
         "java/android/net/Ikev2VpnProfileTest.java",
         "java/android/net/IpMemoryStoreTest.java",
-        "java/android/net/IpSecAlgorithmTest.java",
-        "java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java",
-        "java/android/net/IpSecManagerTest.java",
-        "java/android/net/IpSecTransformTest.java",
-        "java/android/net/KeepalivePacketDataUtilTest.java",
-        "java/android/net/NetworkIdentityTest.kt",
-        "java/android/net/NetworkStats*.java",
-        "java/android/net/NetworkTemplateTest.kt",
         "java/android/net/TelephonyNetworkSpecifierTest.java",
         "java/android/net/VpnManagerTest.java",
         "java/android/net/ipmemorystore/*.java",
         "java/android/net/netstats/NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtilsTest.kt",
-        "java/android/net/nsd/*.java",
         "java/com/android/internal/net/NetworkUtilsInternalTest.java",
         "java/com/android/internal/net/VpnProfileTest.java",
-        "java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java",
-        "java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceRefcountedResourceTest.java",
-        "java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java",
         "java/com/android/server/NetworkManagementServiceTest.java",
-        "java/com/android/server/NsdServiceTest.java",
+        "java/com/android/server/VpnManagerServiceTest.java",
         "java/com/android/server/connectivity/IpConnectivityEventBuilderTest.java",
         "java/com/android/server/connectivity/IpConnectivityMetricsTest.java",
         "java/com/android/server/connectivity/MultipathPolicyTrackerTest.java",
         "java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetdEventListenerServiceTest.java",
         "java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java",
-        "java/com/android/server/ethernet/*.java",
         "java/com/android/server/net/ipmemorystore/*.java",
-        "java/com/android/server/net/BpfInterfaceMapUpdaterTest.java",
-        "java/com/android/server/net/IpConfigStoreTest.java",
-        "java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStats*.java",
-        "java/com/android/server/net/TestableUsageCallback.kt",
+        "java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/**/*.java",
     ]
 }
 
@@ -107,7 +93,7 @@
     name: "FrameworksNetTestsDefaults",
     min_sdk_version: "30",
     defaults: [
-        "framework-connectivity-test-defaults",
+        "framework-connectivity-internal-test-defaults",
     ],
     srcs: [
         "java/**/*.java",
@@ -163,10 +149,10 @@
     static_libs: [
         "services.core",
         "services.net",
+        "service-mdns",
     ],
     jni_libs: [
         "libandroid_net_connectivity_com_android_net_module_util_jni",
         "libservice-connectivity",
-        "libandroid_net_connectivity_com_android_net_module_util_jni",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/AndroidManifest.xml b/tests/unit/AndroidManifest.xml
index 887f171..54e1cd0 100644
--- a/tests/unit/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/tests/unit/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.NETWORK_STATS_PROVIDER" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CONTROL_OEM_PAID_NETWORK_PREFERENCE" />
 
-    <application>
+    <application android:testOnly="true">
         <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
         <uses-library android:name="android.net.ipsec.ike" />
         <activity
diff --git a/tests/unit/AndroidTest.xml b/tests/unit/AndroidTest.xml
index 939ae49..2d32e55 100644
--- a/tests/unit/AndroidTest.xml
+++ b/tests/unit/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
 -->
 <configuration description="Runs Frameworks Networking Tests.">
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.TestAppInstallSetup">
-        <option name="test-file-name" value="FrameworksNetTests.apk" />
+      <option name="test-file-name" value="FrameworksNetTests.apk" />
+      <option name="install-arg" value="-t" />
     </target_preparer>
 
     <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/app/usage/NetworkStatsManagerTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/app/usage/NetworkStatsManagerTest.java
index 561e621..8a537be 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/app/usage/NetworkStatsManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/app/usage/NetworkStatsManagerTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@
 
 package android.app.usage;
 
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_YES;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_WIFI;
+
 import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static junit.framework.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static junit.framework.Assert.assertTrue;
@@ -52,9 +56,11 @@
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 import org.mockito.invocation.InvocationOnMock;
 
+import java.util.Set;
+
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class NetworkStatsManagerTest {
     private static final String TEST_SUBSCRIBER_ID = "subid";
 
@@ -82,20 +88,28 @@
 
         Entry uid1Entry1 = new Entry("if1", uid1,
                 android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT, android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE,
+                android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO, android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_NO,
+                android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
                 100, 10, 200, 20, 0);
 
         Entry uid1Entry2 = new Entry(
                 "if2", uid1,
                 android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT, android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE,
+                android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO, android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_NO,
+                android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
                 100, 10, 200, 20, 0);
 
         Entry uid2Entry1 = new Entry("if1", uid2,
                 android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT, android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE,
+                android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO, android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_NO,
+                android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
                 150, 10, 250, 20, 0);
 
         Entry uid2Entry2 = new Entry(
                 "if2", uid2,
                 android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT, android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE,
+                android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO, android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_NO,
+                android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
                 150, 10, 250, 20, 0);
 
         NetworkStatsHistory history1 = new NetworkStatsHistory(10, 2);
@@ -204,20 +218,20 @@
     @Test
     public void testNetworkTemplateWhenRunningQueryDetails_NoSubscriberId() throws RemoteException {
         runQueryDetailsAndCheckTemplate(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE,
-                null /* subscriberId */, NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateMobileWildcard());
+                null /* subscriberId */, new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                        .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build());
         runQueryDetailsAndCheckTemplate(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI,
-                "" /* subscriberId */, NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateWifiWildcard());
+                "" /* subscriberId */, new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).build());
         runQueryDetailsAndCheckTemplate(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI,
-                null /* subscriberId */, NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateWifiWildcard());
+                null /* subscriberId */, new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).build());
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testNetworkTemplateWhenRunningQueryDetails_MergedCarrierWifi()
             throws RemoteException {
         runQueryDetailsAndCheckTemplate(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI,
-                TEST_SUBSCRIBER_ID,
-                NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateWifi(NetworkTemplate.WIFI_NETWORKID_ALL,
-                        TEST_SUBSCRIBER_ID));
+                TEST_SUBSCRIBER_ID, new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI)
+                        .setSubscriberIds(Set.of(TEST_SUBSCRIBER_ID)).build());
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
index f324630..c327868 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyBoolean;
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 
+import com.android.internal.util.test.BroadcastInterceptingContext;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
 
@@ -82,6 +84,8 @@
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
+import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
+
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
 @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(VERSION_CODES.R)
@@ -461,4 +465,49 @@
         }
         fail("expected exception of type " + throwableType);
     }
+
+    private static class MockContext extends BroadcastInterceptingContext {
+        MockContext(Context base) {
+            super(base);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Context getApplicationContext() {
+            return mock(Context.class);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private WeakReference<Context> makeConnectivityManagerAndReturnContext() {
+        // Mockito may have an internal reference to the mock, creating MockContext for testing.
+        final Context c = new MockContext(mock(Context.class));
+
+        new ConnectivityManager(c, mService);
+
+        return new WeakReference<>(c);
+    }
+
+    private void forceGC() {
+        // First GC ensures that objects are collected for finalization, then second GC ensures
+        // they're garbage-collected after being finalized.
+        System.gc();
+        System.runFinalization();
+        System.gc();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testConnectivityManagerDoesNotLeakContext() throws Exception {
+        final WeakReference<Context> ref = makeConnectivityManagerAndReturnContext();
+
+        final int attempts = 100;
+        final long waitIntervalMs = 50;
+        for (int i = 0; i < attempts; i++) {
+            forceGC();
+            if (ref.get() == null) break;
+
+            Thread.sleep(waitIntervalMs);
+        }
+
+        assertNull("ConnectivityManager weak reference still not null after " + attempts
+                    + " attempts", ref.get());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/Ikev2VpnProfileTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/Ikev2VpnProfileTest.java
index 8222ca1..3b68120 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/Ikev2VpnProfileTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/Ikev2VpnProfileTest.java
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
 package android.net;
 
 import static android.net.cts.util.IkeSessionTestUtils.CHILD_PARAMS;
-import static android.net.cts.util.IkeSessionTestUtils.IKE_PARAMS;
+import static android.net.cts.util.IkeSessionTestUtils.IKE_PARAMS_V6;
+import static android.net.cts.util.IkeSessionTestUtils.getTestIkeSessionParams;
 
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeKeyIdIdentification;
 import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeTunnelConnectionParams;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.test.mock.MockContext;
@@ -446,9 +448,43 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testBuildWithIkeTunConnParamsConvertToVpnProfile() throws Exception {
+        // Special keyId that contains delimiter character of VpnProfile
+        final byte[] keyId = "foo\0bar".getBytes();
+        final IkeTunnelConnectionParams tunnelParams = new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(
+                getTestIkeSessionParams(true /* testIpv6 */, new IkeKeyIdIdentification(keyId)),
+                CHILD_PARAMS);
+        final Ikev2VpnProfile ikev2VpnProfile = new Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder(tunnelParams).build();
+        final VpnProfile vpnProfile = ikev2VpnProfile.toVpnProfile();
+
+        assertEquals(VpnProfile.TYPE_IKEV2_FROM_IKE_TUN_CONN_PARAMS, vpnProfile.type);
+
+        // Username, password, server, ipsecIdentifier, ipsecCaCert, ipsecSecret, ipsecUserCert and
+        // getAllowedAlgorithms should not be set if IkeTunnelConnectionParams is set.
+        assertEquals("", vpnProfile.server);
+        assertEquals("", vpnProfile.ipsecIdentifier);
+        assertEquals("", vpnProfile.username);
+        assertEquals("", vpnProfile.password);
+        assertEquals("", vpnProfile.ipsecCaCert);
+        assertEquals("", vpnProfile.ipsecSecret);
+        assertEquals("", vpnProfile.ipsecUserCert);
+        assertEquals(0, vpnProfile.getAllowedAlgorithms().size());
+
+        // IkeTunnelConnectionParams should stay the same.
+        assertEquals(tunnelParams, vpnProfile.ikeTunConnParams);
+
+        // Convert to disk-stable format and then back to Ikev2VpnProfile should be the same.
+        final VpnProfile decodedVpnProfile =
+                VpnProfile.decode(vpnProfile.key, vpnProfile.encode());
+        final Ikev2VpnProfile convertedIkev2VpnProfile =
+                Ikev2VpnProfile.fromVpnProfile(decodedVpnProfile);
+        assertEquals(ikev2VpnProfile, convertedIkev2VpnProfile);
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testConversionIsLosslessWithIkeTunConnParams() throws Exception {
         final IkeTunnelConnectionParams tunnelParams =
-                new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(IKE_PARAMS, CHILD_PARAMS);
+                new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(IKE_PARAMS_V6, CHILD_PARAMS);
         // Config authentication related fields is not required while building with
         // IkeTunnelConnectionParams.
         final Ikev2VpnProfile ikeProfile = new Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder(tunnelParams).build();
@@ -464,13 +500,30 @@
 
         // Verify building with IkeTunnelConnectionParams
         final IkeTunnelConnectionParams tunnelParams =
-                new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(IKE_PARAMS, CHILD_PARAMS);
+                new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(IKE_PARAMS_V6, CHILD_PARAMS);
         final IkeTunnelConnectionParams tunnelParams2 =
-                new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(IKE_PARAMS, CHILD_PARAMS);
+                new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(IKE_PARAMS_V6, CHILD_PARAMS);
         assertEquals(new Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder(tunnelParams).build(),
                 new Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder(tunnelParams2).build());
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testBuildProfileWithNullProxy() throws Exception {
+        final Ikev2VpnProfile ikev2VpnProfile =
+                new Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder(SERVER_ADDR_STRING, IDENTITY_STRING)
+                        .setAuthUsernamePassword(USERNAME_STRING, PASSWORD_STRING, mServerRootCa)
+                        .build();
+
+        // ProxyInfo should be null for the profile without setting ProxyInfo.
+        assertNull(ikev2VpnProfile.getProxyInfo());
+
+        // ProxyInfo should stay null after performing toVpnProfile() and fromVpnProfile()
+        final VpnProfile vpnProfile = ikev2VpnProfile.toVpnProfile();
+        assertNull(vpnProfile.proxy);
+
+        final Ikev2VpnProfile convertedIkev2VpnProfile = Ikev2VpnProfile.fromVpnProfile(vpnProfile);
+        assertNull(convertedIkev2VpnProfile.getProxyInfo());
+    }
 
     private static class CertificateAndKey {
         public final X509Certificate cert;
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecAlgorithmTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecAlgorithmTest.java
index c473e82..1482055 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecAlgorithmTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecAlgorithmTest.java
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 /** Unit tests for {@link IpSecAlgorithm}. */
 @SmallTest
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class IpSecAlgorithmTest {
     private static final byte[] KEY_MATERIAL;
 
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java
index b87cb48..9f83036 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 /** Unit tests for {@link IpSecConfig}. */
 @SmallTest
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class IpSecConfigTest {
 
     @Test
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecManagerTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecManagerTest.java
index cda8eb7..335f539 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecManagerTest.java
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 /** Unit tests for {@link IpSecManager}. */
 @SmallTest
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class IpSecManagerTest {
 
     private static final int TEST_UDP_ENCAP_PORT = 34567;
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecTransformTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecTransformTest.java
index 81375f1..c1bd719 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecTransformTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/IpSecTransformTest.java
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 /** Unit tests for {@link IpSecTransform}. */
 @SmallTest
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class IpSecTransformTest {
 
     @Test
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkIdentitySetTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkIdentitySetTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d61ebf9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkIdentitySetTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE
+import android.os.Build
+import android.telephony.TelephonyManager
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.mockito.Mockito.mock
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+
+private const val TEST_IMSI1 = "testimsi1"
+
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
+class NetworkIdentitySetTest {
+    private val mockContext = mock(Context::class.java)
+
+    private fun buildMobileNetworkStateSnapshot(
+        caps: NetworkCapabilities,
+        subscriberId: String
+    ): NetworkStateSnapshot {
+        return NetworkStateSnapshot(mock(Network::class.java), caps,
+                LinkProperties(), subscriberId, TYPE_MOBILE)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testCompare() {
+        val ident1 = NetworkIdentity.buildNetworkIdentity(mockContext,
+            buildMobileNetworkStateSnapshot(NetworkCapabilities(), TEST_IMSI1),
+            false /* defaultNetwork */, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS)
+        val ident2 = NetworkIdentity.buildNetworkIdentity(mockContext,
+            buildMobileNetworkStateSnapshot(NetworkCapabilities(), TEST_IMSI1),
+            true /* defaultNetwork */, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS)
+
+        // Verify that the results of comparing two empty sets are equal
+        assertEquals(0, NetworkIdentitySet.compare(NetworkIdentitySet(), NetworkIdentitySet()))
+
+        val identSet1 = NetworkIdentitySet()
+        val identSet2 = NetworkIdentitySet()
+        identSet1.add(ident1)
+        identSet2.add(ident2)
+        assertEquals(-1, NetworkIdentitySet.compare(NetworkIdentitySet(), identSet1))
+        assertEquals(1, NetworkIdentitySet.compare(identSet1, NetworkIdentitySet()))
+        assertEquals(0, NetworkIdentitySet.compare(identSet1, identSet1))
+        assertEquals(-1, NetworkIdentitySet.compare(identSet1, identSet2))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkIdentityTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkIdentityTest.kt
index bf5568d..d84328c 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkIdentityTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkIdentityTest.kt
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 private const val TEST_SUBID2 = 2
 
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 class NetworkIdentityTest {
     private val mockContext = mock(Context::class.java)
 
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsAccessTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsAccessTest.java
index 97a93ca..a74056b 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsAccessTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsAccessTest.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doCallRealMethod;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import android.Manifest;
@@ -66,6 +67,10 @@
         when(mContext.getSystemServiceName(DevicePolicyManager.class))
                 .thenReturn(Context.DEVICE_POLICY_SERVICE);
         when(mContext.getSystemService(Context.DEVICE_POLICY_SERVICE)).thenReturn(mDpm);
+        if (mContext.getSystemService(DevicePolicyManager.class) == null) {
+            // Test is using mockito-extended
+            doCallRealMethod().when(mContext).getSystemService(DevicePolicyManager.class);
+        }
 
         setHasCarrierPrivileges(false);
         setIsDeviceOwner(false);
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsCollectionTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsCollectionTest.java
index 32c106d..a6e9e95 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsCollectionTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsCollectionTest.java
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@
 
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE;
 import static android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_NONE;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.IFACE_ALL;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE;
@@ -37,6 +41,7 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.net.NetworkStatsCollection.Key;
 import android.os.Process;
@@ -76,6 +81,7 @@
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 /**
  * Tests for {@link NetworkStatsCollection}.
@@ -478,7 +484,8 @@
         ident.add(new NetworkIdentity(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE, -1, TEST_IMSI, null,
                 false, true, true, OEM_NONE, TEST_SUBID));
         large.recordData(ident, UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, TIME_A, TIME_B,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(12_730_893_164L, 1, 0, 0, 0));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 12_730_893_164L, 1, 0, 0, 0));
 
         // Verify untouched total
         assertEquals(12_730_893_164L, getHistory(large, null, TIME_A, TIME_C).getTotalBytes());
@@ -534,50 +541,84 @@
         assertThrows(ArithmeticException.class, () -> multiplySafeByRational(30, 3, 0));
     }
 
+    private static void assertCollectionEntries(
+            @NonNull Map<Key, NetworkStatsHistory> expectedEntries,
+            @NonNull NetworkStatsCollection collection) {
+        final Map<Key, NetworkStatsHistory> actualEntries = collection.getEntries();
+        assertEquals(expectedEntries.size(), actualEntries.size());
+        for (Key expectedKey : expectedEntries.keySet()) {
+            final NetworkStatsHistory expectedHistory = expectedEntries.get(expectedKey);
+            final NetworkStatsHistory actualHistory = actualEntries.get(expectedKey);
+            assertNotNull(actualHistory);
+            assertEquals(expectedHistory.getEntries(), actualHistory.getEntries());
+            actualEntries.remove(expectedKey);
+        }
+        assertEquals(0, actualEntries.size());
+    }
+
     @Test
-    public void testBuilder() {
-        final Map<Key, NetworkStatsHistory> expectedEntries = new ArrayMap<>();
-        final NetworkStats.Entry entry = new NetworkStats.Entry();
-        final NetworkIdentitySet ident = new NetworkIdentitySet();
-        final Key key1 = new Key(ident, 0, 0, 0);
-        final Key key2 = new Key(ident, 1, 0, 0);
+    public void testRemoveHistoryBefore() {
+        final NetworkIdentity testIdent = new NetworkIdentity.Builder()
+                .setSubscriberId(TEST_IMSI).build();
+        final Key key1 = new Key(Set.of(testIdent), 0, 0, 0);
+        final Key key2 = new Key(Set.of(testIdent), 1, 0, 0);
         final long bucketDuration = 10;
 
+        // Prepare entries for testing, with different bucket start timestamps.
         final NetworkStatsHistory.Entry entry1 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(10, 10, 40,
                 4, 50, 5, 60);
-        final NetworkStatsHistory.Entry entry2 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(30, 10, 3,
+        final NetworkStatsHistory.Entry entry2 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(20, 10, 3,
                 41, 7, 1, 0);
+        final NetworkStatsHistory.Entry entry3 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(30, 10, 1,
+                21, 70, 4, 1);
 
         NetworkStatsHistory history1 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Builder(10, 5)
                 .addEntry(entry1)
                 .addEntry(entry2)
                 .build();
-
-        NetworkStatsHistory history2 = new NetworkStatsHistory(10, 5);
-
-        NetworkStatsCollection actualCollection = new NetworkStatsCollection.Builder(bucketDuration)
+        NetworkStatsHistory history2 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Builder(10, 5)
+                .addEntry(entry2)
+                .addEntry(entry3)
+                .build();
+        NetworkStatsCollection collection = new NetworkStatsCollection.Builder(bucketDuration)
                 .addEntry(key1, history1)
                 .addEntry(key2, history2)
                 .build();
 
-        // The builder will omit any entry with empty history. Thus, history2
-        // is not expected in the result collection.
+        // Verify nothing is removed if the cutoff time is equal to bucketStart.
+        collection.removeHistoryBefore(10);
+        final Map<Key, NetworkStatsHistory> expectedEntries = new ArrayMap<>();
         expectedEntries.put(key1, history1);
+        expectedEntries.put(key2, history2);
+        assertCollectionEntries(expectedEntries, collection);
 
-        final Map<Key, NetworkStatsHistory> actualEntries = actualCollection.getEntries();
+        // Verify entry1 will be removed if its bucket start before to cutoff timestamp.
+        collection.removeHistoryBefore(11);
+        history1 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Builder(10, 5)
+                .addEntry(entry2)
+                .build();
+        history2 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Builder(10, 5)
+                .addEntry(entry2)
+                .addEntry(entry3)
+                .build();
+        final Map<Key, NetworkStatsHistory> cutoff1Entries1 = new ArrayMap<>();
+        cutoff1Entries1.put(key1, history1);
+        cutoff1Entries1.put(key2, history2);
+        assertCollectionEntries(cutoff1Entries1, collection);
 
-        assertEquals(expectedEntries.size(), actualEntries.size());
-        for (Key expectedKey : expectedEntries.keySet()) {
-            final NetworkStatsHistory expectedHistory = expectedEntries.get(expectedKey);
+        // Verify entry2 will be removed if its bucket start covers by cutoff timestamp.
+        collection.removeHistoryBefore(22);
+        history2 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Builder(10, 5)
+                .addEntry(entry3)
+                .build();
+        final Map<Key, NetworkStatsHistory> cutoffEntries2 = new ArrayMap<>();
+        // History1 is not expected since the collection will omit empty entries.
+        cutoffEntries2.put(key2, history2);
+        assertCollectionEntries(cutoffEntries2, collection);
 
-            final NetworkStatsHistory actualHistory = actualEntries.get(expectedKey);
-            assertNotNull(actualHistory);
-
-            assertEquals(expectedHistory.getEntries(), actualHistory.getEntries());
-
-            actualEntries.remove(expectedKey);
-        }
-        assertEquals(0, actualEntries.size());
+        // Verify all entries will be removed if cutoff timestamp covers all.
+        collection.removeHistoryBefore(Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        assertEquals(0, collection.getEntries().size());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -623,26 +664,33 @@
 
     private static void assertEntry(long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes, long txPackets,
             NetworkStats.Entry actual) {
-        assertEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, 0L), actual);
+        assertEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, 0L),
+                actual);
     }
 
     private static void assertEntry(long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes, long txPackets,
             NetworkStatsHistory.Entry actual) {
-        assertEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, 0L), actual);
+        assertEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, 0L),
+                actual);
     }
 
     private static void assertEntry(NetworkStats.Entry expected,
             NetworkStatsHistory.Entry actual) {
-        assertEntry(expected, new NetworkStats.Entry(actual.rxBytes, actual.rxPackets,
+        assertEntry(expected, new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, actual.rxBytes, actual.rxPackets,
                 actual.txBytes, actual.txPackets, 0L));
     }
 
     private static void assertEntry(NetworkStatsHistory.Entry expected,
             NetworkStatsHistory.Entry actual) {
-        assertEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(actual.rxBytes, actual.rxPackets,
-                actual.txBytes, actual.txPackets, 0L),
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(actual.rxBytes, actual.rxPackets,
-                actual.txBytes, actual.txPackets, 0L));
+        assertEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                        ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, actual.rxBytes, actual.rxPackets,
+                       actual.txBytes, actual.txPackets, 0L),
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                        ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, actual.rxBytes, actual.rxPackets,
+                        actual.txBytes, actual.txPackets, 0L));
     }
 
     private static void assertEntry(NetworkStats.Entry expected,
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsHistoryTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsHistoryTest.java
index c170605..2170882 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsHistoryTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsHistoryTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,13 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.IFACE_ALL;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_NO;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.UID_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStatsHistory.DataStreamUtils.readVarLong;
 import static android.net.NetworkStatsHistory.DataStreamUtils.writeVarLong;
 import static android.net.NetworkStatsHistory.Entry.UNKNOWN;
@@ -56,12 +63,11 @@
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
 import java.io.DataInputStream;
 import java.io.DataOutputStream;
-import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Random;
 
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class NetworkStatsHistoryTest {
     private static final String TAG = "NetworkStatsHistoryTest";
 
@@ -111,7 +117,8 @@
 
         // record data into narrow window to get single bucket
         stats.recordData(TEST_START, TEST_START + SECOND_IN_MILLIS,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
 
         assertEquals(1, stats.size());
         assertValues(stats, 0, SECOND_IN_MILLIS, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L);
@@ -125,7 +132,8 @@
         // split equally across two buckets
         final long recordStart = TEST_START + (bucketDuration / 2);
         stats.recordData(recordStart, recordStart + bucketDuration,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 128L, 2L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 128L, 2L, 2L));
 
         assertEquals(2, stats.size());
         assertValues(stats, 0, HOUR_IN_MILLIS / 2, 512L, 5L, 64L, 1L, 1L);
@@ -142,7 +150,8 @@
         final long recordStart = (TEST_START + BUCKET_SIZE) - MINUTE_IN_MILLIS;
         final long recordEnd = (TEST_START + (BUCKET_SIZE * 2)) + (MINUTE_IN_MILLIS * 4);
         stats.recordData(recordStart, recordEnd,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1000L, 2000L, 5000L, 10000L, 100L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1000L, 2000L, 5000L, 10000L, 100L));
 
         assertEquals(3, stats.size());
         // first bucket should have (1/20 of value)
@@ -162,9 +171,11 @@
         final long firstStart = TEST_START;
         final long lastStart = TEST_START + WEEK_IN_MILLIS;
         stats.recordData(firstStart, firstStart + SECOND_IN_MILLIS,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(128L, 2L, 256L, 4L, 1L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 2L, 256L, 4L, 1L));
         stats.recordData(lastStart, lastStart + SECOND_IN_MILLIS,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(64L, 1L, 512L, 8L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 64L, 1L, 512L, 8L, 2L));
 
         // we should have two buckets, far apart from each other
         assertEquals(2, stats.size());
@@ -175,7 +186,8 @@
         final long middleStart = TEST_START + DAY_IN_MILLIS;
         final long middleEnd = middleStart + (HOUR_IN_MILLIS * 2);
         stats.recordData(middleStart, middleEnd,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(2048L, 4L, 2048L, 4L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 2048L, 4L, 2048L, 4L, 2L));
 
         // now should have four buckets, with new record in middle two buckets
         assertEquals(4, stats.size());
@@ -192,10 +204,12 @@
 
         // record some data in one bucket, and another overlapping buckets
         stats.recordData(TEST_START, TEST_START + SECOND_IN_MILLIS,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(256L, 2L, 256L, 2L, 1L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 256L, 2L, 256L, 2L, 1L));
         final long midStart = TEST_START + (HOUR_IN_MILLIS / 2);
         stats.recordData(midStart, midStart + HOUR_IN_MILLIS,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 1024L, 10L, 10L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 1024L, 10L, 10L));
 
         // should have two buckets, with some data mixed together
         assertEquals(2, stats.size());
@@ -271,7 +285,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testRemove() throws Exception {
+    public void testRemoveStartingBefore() throws Exception {
         stats = new NetworkStatsHistory(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
 
         // record some data across 24 buckets
@@ -279,28 +293,28 @@
         assertEquals(24, stats.size());
 
         // try removing invalid data; should be no change
-        stats.removeBucketsBefore(0 - DAY_IN_MILLIS);
+        stats.removeBucketsStartingBefore(0 - DAY_IN_MILLIS);
         assertEquals(24, stats.size());
 
         // try removing far before buckets; should be no change
-        stats.removeBucketsBefore(TEST_START - YEAR_IN_MILLIS);
+        stats.removeBucketsStartingBefore(TEST_START - YEAR_IN_MILLIS);
         assertEquals(24, stats.size());
 
         // try removing just moments into first bucket; should be no change
-        // since that bucket contains data beyond the cutoff
-        stats.removeBucketsBefore(TEST_START + SECOND_IN_MILLIS);
+        // since that bucket doesn't contain data starts before the cutoff
+        stats.removeBucketsStartingBefore(TEST_START);
         assertEquals(24, stats.size());
 
         // try removing single bucket
-        stats.removeBucketsBefore(TEST_START + HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
+        stats.removeBucketsStartingBefore(TEST_START + HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
         assertEquals(23, stats.size());
 
         // try removing multiple buckets
-        stats.removeBucketsBefore(TEST_START + (4 * HOUR_IN_MILLIS));
+        stats.removeBucketsStartingBefore(TEST_START + (4 * HOUR_IN_MILLIS));
         assertEquals(20, stats.size());
 
         // try removing all buckets
-        stats.removeBucketsBefore(TEST_START + YEAR_IN_MILLIS);
+        stats.removeBucketsStartingBefore(TEST_START + YEAR_IN_MILLIS);
         assertEquals(0, stats.size());
     }
 
@@ -350,7 +364,7 @@
                         stats.recordData(start, end, entry);
                     } else {
                         // trim something
-                        stats.removeBucketsBefore(r.nextLong());
+                        stats.removeBucketsStartingBefore(r.nextLong());
                     }
                 }
                 assertConsistent(stats);
@@ -372,9 +386,11 @@
                 MINUTE_IN_MILLIS, 0, FIELD_RX_BYTES | FIELD_TX_BYTES);
 
         history.recordData(0, MINUTE_IN_MILLIS,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 4L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 4L));
         history.recordData(0, 2 * MINUTE_IN_MILLIS,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L));
 
         assertFullValues(history, UNKNOWN, 1026L, UNKNOWN, 2050L, UNKNOWN, UNKNOWN);
     }
@@ -386,7 +402,8 @@
                 MINUTE_IN_MILLIS, 0, FIELD_RX_PACKETS | FIELD_OPERATIONS);
 
         full.recordData(0, MINUTE_IN_MILLIS,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 4L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 4L));
         partial.recordEntireHistory(full);
 
         assertFullValues(partial, UNKNOWN, UNKNOWN, 10L, UNKNOWN, UNKNOWN, 4L);
@@ -399,7 +416,8 @@
                 MINUTE_IN_MILLIS, 0, FIELD_RX_PACKETS | FIELD_OPERATIONS);
 
         partial.recordData(0, MINUTE_IN_MILLIS,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 4L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 4L));
         full.recordEntireHistory(partial);
 
         assertFullValues(full, MINUTE_IN_MILLIS, 0L, 10L, 0L, 0L, 4L);
@@ -409,9 +427,11 @@
     public void testSerialize() throws Exception {
         final NetworkStatsHistory before = new NetworkStatsHistory(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS, 40, FIELD_ALL);
         before.recordData(0, 4 * MINUTE_IN_MILLIS,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 4L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 4L));
         before.recordData(DAY_IN_MILLIS, DAY_IN_MILLIS + MINUTE_IN_MILLIS,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(10L, 20L, 30L, 40L, 50L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 10L, 20L, 30L, 40L, 50L));
 
         final ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         before.writeToStream(new DataOutputStream(out));
@@ -452,11 +472,14 @@
         final long THIRD_END = THIRD_START + (2 * HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
 
         stats.recordData(FIRST_START, FIRST_END,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
         stats.recordData(SECOND_START, SECOND_END,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
         stats.recordData(THIRD_START, THIRD_END,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
 
         // should have buckets: 2+1+2
         assertEquals(5, stats.size());
@@ -495,11 +518,14 @@
         final long THIRD_END = THIRD_START + (2 * HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
 
         stats.recordData(FIRST_START, FIRST_END,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
         stats.recordData(SECOND_START, SECOND_END,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
         stats.recordData(THIRD_START, THIRD_END,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
 
         assertFalse(stats.intersects(10, 20));
         assertFalse(stats.intersects(TEST_START + YEAR_IN_MILLIS, TEST_START + YEAR_IN_MILLIS + 1));
@@ -521,7 +547,8 @@
     public void testSetValues() throws Exception {
         stats = new NetworkStatsHistory(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
         stats.recordData(TEST_START, TEST_START + 1,
-                new NetworkStats.Entry(1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
+                new NetworkStats.Entry(IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO,
+                ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 10L, 2048L, 20L, 2L));
 
         assertEquals(1024L + 2048L, stats.getTotalBytes());
 
@@ -533,40 +560,6 @@
         assertEquals(512L + 4096L, stats.getTotalBytes());
     }
 
-    @Test
-    public void testBuilder() {
-        final NetworkStatsHistory.Entry entry1 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(10, 30, 40,
-                4, 50, 5, 60);
-        final NetworkStatsHistory.Entry entry2 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(30, 15, 3,
-                41, 7, 1, 0);
-        final NetworkStatsHistory.Entry entry3 = new NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(7, 301, 11,
-                14, 31, 2, 80);
-
-        final NetworkStatsHistory statsEmpty = new NetworkStatsHistory
-                .Builder(HOUR_IN_MILLIS, 10).build();
-        assertEquals(0, statsEmpty.getEntries().size());
-        assertEquals(HOUR_IN_MILLIS, statsEmpty.getBucketDuration());
-
-        NetworkStatsHistory statsSingle = new NetworkStatsHistory
-                .Builder(HOUR_IN_MILLIS, 8)
-                .addEntry(entry1)
-                .build();
-        assertEquals(1, statsSingle.getEntries().size());
-        assertEquals(HOUR_IN_MILLIS, statsSingle.getBucketDuration());
-        assertEquals(entry1, statsSingle.getEntries().get(0));
-
-        NetworkStatsHistory statsMultiple = new NetworkStatsHistory
-                .Builder(SECOND_IN_MILLIS, 0)
-                .addEntry(entry1).addEntry(entry2).addEntry(entry3)
-                .build();
-        final List<NetworkStatsHistory.Entry> entries = statsMultiple.getEntries();
-        assertEquals(3, entries.size());
-        assertEquals(SECOND_IN_MILLIS, statsMultiple.getBucketDuration());
-        assertEquals(entry1, entries.get(0));
-        assertEquals(entry2, entries.get(1));
-        assertEquals(entry3, entries.get(2));
-    }
-
     private static void assertIndexBeforeAfter(
             NetworkStatsHistory stats, int before, int after, long time) {
         assertEquals("unexpected before", before, stats.getIndexBefore(time));
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsRecorderTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsRecorderTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fad11a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsRecorderTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *i
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.net;
+
+import static android.text.format.DateUtils.HOUR_IN_MILLIS;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyLong;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+import android.net.NetworkStats;
+import android.os.DropBoxManager;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.FileRotator;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@SmallTest
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+public final class NetworkStatsRecorderTest {
+    private static final String TAG = NetworkStatsRecorderTest.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    private static final String TEST_PREFIX = "test";
+
+    @Mock private DropBoxManager mDropBox;
+    @Mock private NetworkStats.NonMonotonicObserver mObserver;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+    }
+
+    private NetworkStatsRecorder buildRecorder(FileRotator rotator, boolean wipeOnError) {
+        return new NetworkStatsRecorder(rotator, mObserver, mDropBox, TEST_PREFIX,
+                    HOUR_IN_MILLIS, false /* includeTags */, wipeOnError);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testWipeOnError() throws Exception {
+        final FileRotator rotator = mock(FileRotator.class);
+        final NetworkStatsRecorder wipeOnErrorRecorder = buildRecorder(rotator, true);
+
+        // Assuming that the rotator gets an exception happened when read data.
+        doThrow(new IOException()).when(rotator).readMatching(any(), anyLong(), anyLong());
+        wipeOnErrorRecorder.getOrLoadPartialLocked(Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        // Verify that the files will be deleted.
+        verify(rotator, times(1)).deleteAll();
+        reset(rotator);
+
+        final NetworkStatsRecorder noWipeOnErrorRecorder = buildRecorder(rotator, false);
+        doThrow(new IOException()).when(rotator).readMatching(any(), anyLong(), anyLong());
+        noWipeOnErrorRecorder.getOrLoadPartialLocked(Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        // Verify that the rotator won't delete files.
+        verify(rotator, never()).deleteAll();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
index b0cc16c..709b722 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class NetworkStatsTest {
 
     private static final String TEST_IFACE = "test0";
@@ -960,7 +960,7 @@
 
         // Ipv4 traffic sent/received by an app on stacked interface.
         final NetworkStats.Entry appEntry = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                v4Iface, appUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                v4Iface, appUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
                 30501490  /* rxBytes */,
                 22401 /* rxPackets */,
                 876235 /* txBytes */,
@@ -969,7 +969,8 @@
 
         // Traffic measured for the root uid on the base interface.
         final NetworkStats.Entry rootUidEntry = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                baseIface, rootUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                baseIface, rootUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
                 163577 /* rxBytes */,
                 187 /* rxPackets */,
                 17607 /* txBytes */,
@@ -977,7 +978,8 @@
                 0 /* operations */);
 
         final NetworkStats.Entry otherEntry = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                otherIface, appUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                otherIface, appUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
                 2600  /* rxBytes */,
                 2 /* rxPackets */,
                 3800 /* txBytes */,
@@ -993,14 +995,14 @@
 
         assertEquals(3, stats.size());
         final NetworkStats.Entry expectedAppUid = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                v4Iface, appUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                v4Iface, appUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
                 30949510,
                 22401,
                 1152335,
                 13805,
                 0);
         final NetworkStats.Entry expectedRootUid = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                baseIface, 0, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                baseIface, 0, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
                 163577,
                 187,
                 17607,
@@ -1014,14 +1016,16 @@
     @Test
     public void testApply464xlatAdjustments_noStackedIface() {
         NetworkStats.Entry firstEntry = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                "if1", 10002, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                "if1", 10002, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
                 2600  /* rxBytes */,
                 2 /* rxPackets */,
                 3800 /* txBytes */,
                 3 /* txPackets */,
                 0 /* operations */);
         NetworkStats.Entry secondEntry = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                "if2", 10002, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                "if2", 10002, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO,
                 5000  /* rxBytes */,
                 3 /* rxPackets */,
                 6000 /* txBytes */,
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkTemplateTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkTemplateTest.kt
index 453612f..6c39169 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkTemplateTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkTemplateTest.kt
@@ -19,7 +19,10 @@
 import android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.NETWORK_TYPE_5G_NSA
 import android.content.Context
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_TEST
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI
 import android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_NONE
 import android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PAID
 import android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PRIVATE
@@ -29,12 +32,9 @@
 import android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO
 import android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_YES
 import android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_ALL
-import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_BLUETOOTH
-import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_CARRIER
-import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_ETHERNET
 import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE
 import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD
-import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_PROXY
+import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_TEST
 import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_WIFI
 import android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_WIFI_WILDCARD
 import android.net.NetworkTemplate.NETWORK_TYPE_ALL
@@ -52,11 +52,9 @@
 import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo
 import android.os.Build
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager
-import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStatsUtils.SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStatsUtils.SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
-import com.android.testutils.SC_V2
 import com.android.testutils.assertParcelSane
 import org.junit.Before
 import org.junit.Test
@@ -65,7 +63,6 @@
 import org.mockito.Mockito.`when`
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations
 import kotlin.test.assertEquals
-import kotlin.test.assertFailsWith
 import kotlin.test.assertFalse
 import kotlin.test.assertNotEquals
 import kotlin.test.assertTrue
@@ -77,7 +74,7 @@
 private const val TEST_WIFI_KEY2 = "wifiKey2"
 
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 class NetworkTemplateTest {
     private val mockContext = mock(Context::class.java)
     private val mockWifiInfo = mock(WifiInfo::class.java)
@@ -104,6 +101,14 @@
                     (oemManaged and OEM_PAID) == OEM_PAID)
             setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PRIVATE,
                     (oemManaged and OEM_PRIVATE) == OEM_PRIVATE)
+            if (type == TYPE_TEST) {
+                wifiKey?.let { TestNetworkSpecifier(it) }?.let {
+                    // Must have a single non-test transport specified to use setNetworkSpecifier.
+                    // Put an arbitrary transport type which is not used in this test.
+                    addTransportType(TRANSPORT_TEST)
+                    addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+                    setNetworkSpecifier(it) }
+            }
             setTransportInfo(mockWifiInfo)
         }
         return NetworkStateSnapshot(mock(Network::class.java), caps, lp, subscriberId, type)
@@ -240,6 +245,32 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    fun testTestNetworkTemplateMatches() {
+        val templateTestKey1 = NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_TEST)
+            .setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1)).build()
+        val templateTestKey2 = NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_TEST)
+            .setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY2)).build()
+        val templateTestAll = NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_TEST).build()
+
+        val stateWifiKey1 = buildNetworkState(TYPE_WIFI, null /* subscriberId */, TEST_WIFI_KEY1,
+            OEM_NONE, true /* metered */)
+        val stateTestKey1 = buildNetworkState(TYPE_TEST, null /* subscriberId */, TEST_WIFI_KEY1,
+            OEM_NONE, true /* metered */)
+        val identWifi1 = buildNetworkIdentity(mockContext, stateWifiKey1,
+            false /* defaultNetwork */, NetworkTemplate.NETWORK_TYPE_ALL)
+        val identTest1 = buildNetworkIdentity(mockContext, stateTestKey1,
+            false /* defaultNetwork */, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL)
+
+        // Verify that the template matches corresponding type and the subscriberId.
+        templateTestKey1.assertDoesNotMatch(identWifi1)
+        templateTestKey1.assertMatches(identTest1)
+        templateTestKey2.assertDoesNotMatch(identWifi1)
+        templateTestKey2.assertDoesNotMatch(identTest1)
+        templateTestAll.assertDoesNotMatch(identWifi1)
+        templateTestAll.assertMatches(identTest1)
+    }
+
+    @Test
     fun testCarrierMeteredMatches() {
         val templateCarrierImsi1Metered = buildTemplateCarrierMetered(TEST_IMSI1)
 
@@ -555,140 +586,4 @@
             it.assertMatches(identMobileImsi3)
         }
     }
-
-    @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2) // TODO: Use to Build.VERSION_CODES.SC_V2 when available
-    @Test
-    fun testBuilderMatchRules() {
-        // Verify unknown match rules cannot construct templates.
-        listOf(Integer.MIN_VALUE, -1, Integer.MAX_VALUE).forEach {
-            assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
-                NetworkTemplate.Builder(it).build()
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Verify hidden match rules cannot construct templates.
-        listOf(MATCH_WIFI_WILDCARD, MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD, MATCH_PROXY).forEach {
-            assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
-                NetworkTemplate.Builder(it).build()
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Verify template which matches metered cellular and carrier networks with
-        // the given IMSI. See buildTemplateMobileAll and buildTemplateCarrierMetered.
-        listOf(MATCH_MOBILE, MATCH_CARRIER).forEach { matchRule ->
-            NetworkTemplate.Builder(matchRule).setSubscriberIds(setOf(TEST_IMSI1))
-                    .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build().let {
-                        val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(matchRule, TEST_IMSI1,
-                                arrayOf(TEST_IMSI1), arrayOf<String>(), METERED_YES,
-                                ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
-                                OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT)
-                        assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
-                    }
-        }
-
-        // Verify carrier template cannot be created without IMSI.
-        assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
-            NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_CARRIER).build()
-        }
-
-        // Verify template which matches metered cellular networks,
-        // regardless of IMSI. See buildTemplateMobileWildcard.
-        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE).setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build().let {
-            val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD, null /*subscriberId*/,
-                    null /*subscriberIds*/, arrayOf<String>(),
-                    METERED_YES, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
-                    OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL)
-            assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
-        }
-
-        // Verify template which matches metered cellular networks and ratType.
-        // See NetworkTemplate#buildTemplateMobileWithRatType.
-        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE).setSubscriberIds(setOf(TEST_IMSI1))
-                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).setRatType(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS)
-                .build().let {
-                    val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_MOBILE, TEST_IMSI1,
-                            arrayOf(TEST_IMSI1), arrayOf<String>(), METERED_YES,
-                            ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS,
-                            OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT)
-                    assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
-                }
-
-        // Verify template which matches all wifi networks,
-        // regardless of Wifi Network Key. See buildTemplateWifiWildcard and buildTemplateWifi.
-        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).build().let {
-            val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_WIFI_WILDCARD, null /*subscriberId*/,
-                    null /*subscriberIds*/, arrayOf<String>(),
-                    METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
-                    OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL)
-            assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
-        }
-
-        // Verify template which matches wifi networks with the given Wifi Network Key.
-        // See buildTemplateWifi(wifiNetworkKey).
-        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1)).build().let {
-            val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_WIFI, null /*subscriberId*/,
-                    null /*subscriberIds*/, arrayOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1),
-                    METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
-                    OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL)
-            assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
-        }
-
-        // Verify template which matches all wifi networks with the
-        // given Wifi Network Key, and IMSI. See buildTemplateWifi(wifiNetworkKey, subscriberId).
-        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setSubscriberIds(setOf(TEST_IMSI1))
-                .setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1)).build().let {
-                    val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_WIFI, TEST_IMSI1,
-                            arrayOf(TEST_IMSI1), arrayOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1),
-                            METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
-                            OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT)
-                    assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
-                }
-
-        // Verify template which matches ethernet and bluetooth networks.
-        // See buildTemplateEthernet and buildTemplateBluetooth.
-        listOf(MATCH_ETHERNET, MATCH_BLUETOOTH).forEach { matchRule ->
-            NetworkTemplate.Builder(matchRule).build().let {
-                val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(matchRule, null /*subscriberId*/,
-                        null /*subscriberIds*/, arrayOf<String>(),
-                        METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
-                        OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL)
-                assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2) // TODO: Use to Build.VERSION_CODES.SC_V2 when available
-    @Test
-    fun testBuilderWifiNetworkKeys() {
-        // Verify template builder which generates same template with the given different
-        // sequence keys.
-        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setWifiNetworkKeys(
-                setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1, TEST_WIFI_KEY2)).build().let {
-            val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setWifiNetworkKeys(
-                    setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY2, TEST_WIFI_KEY1)).build()
-            assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
-        }
-
-        // Verify template which matches non-wifi networks with the given key is invalid.
-        listOf(MATCH_MOBILE, MATCH_CARRIER, MATCH_ETHERNET, MATCH_BLUETOOTH, -1,
-                Integer.MAX_VALUE).forEach { matchRule ->
-            assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
-                NetworkTemplate.Builder(matchRule).setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf(TEST_WIFI_KEY1)).build()
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Verify template which matches wifi networks with the given null key is invalid.
-        assertFailsWith<IllegalArgumentException> {
-            NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf(null)).build()
-        }
-
-        // Verify template which matches wifi wildcard with the given empty key set.
-        NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).setWifiNetworkKeys(setOf<String>()).build().let {
-            val expectedTemplate = NetworkTemplate(MATCH_WIFI_WILDCARD, null /*subscriberId*/,
-                    arrayOf<String>() /*subscriberIds*/, arrayOf<String>(),
-                    METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL, DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL,
-                    OEM_MANAGED_ALL, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_ALL)
-            assertEquals(expectedTemplate, it)
-        }
-    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/QosSocketFilterTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/QosSocketFilterTest.java
index 91f2cdd..6820b40 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/QosSocketFilterTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/QosSocketFilterTest.java
@@ -16,8 +16,17 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
-import static junit.framework.Assert.assertFalse;
-import static junit.framework.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static android.net.QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_NONE;
+import static android.net.QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_LOCAL_ADDRESS_CHANGED;
+import static android.net.QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_BOUND;
+import static android.net.QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_CONNECTED;
+import static android.net.QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_TCP;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 
 import android.os.Build;
 
@@ -29,6 +38,7 @@
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
+import java.net.DatagramSocket;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 
@@ -36,14 +46,14 @@
 @SmallTest
 @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
 public class QosSocketFilterTest {
-
+    private static final int TEST_NET_ID = 1777;
+    private final Network mNetwork = new Network(TEST_NET_ID);
     @Test
     public void testPortExactMatch() {
         final InetAddress addressA = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("1.2.3.4");
         final InetAddress addressB = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("1.2.3.4");
         assertTrue(QosSocketFilter.matchesAddress(
                 new InetSocketAddress(addressA, 10), addressB, 10, 10));
-
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -77,5 +87,90 @@
         assertFalse(QosSocketFilter.matchesAddress(
                 new InetSocketAddress(addressA, 10), addressB, 10, 10));
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAddressMatchWithAnyLocalAddresses() {
+        final InetAddress addressA = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("1.2.3.4");
+        final InetAddress addressB = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("0.0.0.0");
+        assertTrue(QosSocketFilter.matchesAddress(
+                new InetSocketAddress(addressA, 10), addressB, 10, 10));
+        assertFalse(QosSocketFilter.matchesAddress(
+                new InetSocketAddress(addressB, 10), addressA, 10, 10));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testProtocolMatch() throws Exception {
+        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 0));
+        socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", socket.getLocalPort() + 10));
+        DatagramSocket socketV6 = new DatagramSocket(new InetSocketAddress("::1", 0));
+        socketV6.connect(new InetSocketAddress("::1", socketV6.getLocalPort() + 10));
+        QosSocketInfo socketInfo = new QosSocketInfo(mNetwork, socket);
+        QosSocketFilter socketFilter = new QosSocketFilter(socketInfo);
+        QosSocketInfo socketInfo6 = new QosSocketInfo(mNetwork, socketV6);
+        QosSocketFilter socketFilter6 = new QosSocketFilter(socketInfo6);
+        assertTrue(socketFilter.matchesProtocol(IPPROTO_UDP));
+        assertTrue(socketFilter6.matchesProtocol(IPPROTO_UDP));
+        assertFalse(socketFilter.matchesProtocol(IPPROTO_TCP));
+        assertFalse(socketFilter6.matchesProtocol(IPPROTO_TCP));
+        socket.close();
+        socketV6.close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValidate() throws Exception {
+        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 0));
+        socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", socket.getLocalPort() + 7));
+        DatagramSocket socketV6 = new DatagramSocket(new InetSocketAddress("::1", 0));
+
+        QosSocketInfo socketInfo = new QosSocketInfo(mNetwork, socket);
+        QosSocketFilter socketFilter = new QosSocketFilter(socketInfo);
+        QosSocketInfo socketInfo6 = new QosSocketInfo(mNetwork, socketV6);
+        QosSocketFilter socketFilter6 = new QosSocketFilter(socketInfo6);
+        assertEquals(EX_TYPE_FILTER_NONE, socketFilter.validate());
+        assertEquals(EX_TYPE_FILTER_NONE, socketFilter6.validate());
+        socket.close();
+        socketV6.close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValidateUnbind() throws Exception {
+        DatagramSocket socket;
+        socket = new DatagramSocket(null);
+        QosSocketInfo socketInfo = new QosSocketInfo(mNetwork, socket);
+        QosSocketFilter socketFilter = new QosSocketFilter(socketInfo);
+        assertEquals(EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_BOUND, socketFilter.validate());
+        socket.close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValidateLocalAddressChanged() throws Exception {
+        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(null);
+        DatagramSocket socket6 = new DatagramSocket(null);
+        QosSocketInfo socketInfo = new QosSocketInfo(mNetwork, socket);
+        QosSocketFilter socketFilter = new QosSocketFilter(socketInfo);
+        QosSocketInfo socketInfo6 = new QosSocketInfo(mNetwork, socket6);
+        QosSocketFilter socketFilter6 = new QosSocketFilter(socketInfo6);
+        socket.bind(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 0));
+        socket6.bind(new InetSocketAddress("::1", 0));
+        assertEquals(EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_LOCAL_ADDRESS_CHANGED, socketFilter.validate());
+        assertEquals(EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_LOCAL_ADDRESS_CHANGED, socketFilter6.validate());
+        socket.close();
+        socket6.close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testValidateRemoteAddressChanged() throws Exception {
+        DatagramSocket socket;
+        socket = new DatagramSocket(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 53137));
+        socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", socket.getLocalPort() + 11));
+        QosSocketInfo socketInfo = new QosSocketInfo(mNetwork, socket);
+        QosSocketFilter socketFilter = new QosSocketFilter(socketInfo);
+        assertEquals(EX_TYPE_FILTER_NONE, socketFilter.validate());
+        socket.disconnect();
+        assertEquals(EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_NOT_CONNECTED, socketFilter.validate());
+        socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", socket.getLocalPort() + 13));
+        assertEquals(EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED, socketFilter.validate());
+        socket.close();
+    }
 }
 
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/QosSocketInfoTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/QosSocketInfoTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..749c182
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/QosSocketInfoTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_DGRAM;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_STREAM;
+
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+
+import android.os.Build;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+
+import java.net.DatagramSocket;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.ServerSocket;
+import java.net.Socket;
+
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@SmallTest
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+public class QosSocketInfoTest {
+    @Mock
+    private Network mMockNetwork = mock(Network.class);
+
+    @Test
+    public void testConstructWithSock() throws Exception {
+        ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket();
+        ServerSocket server6 = new ServerSocket();
+
+        InetSocketAddress clientAddr = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 0);
+        InetSocketAddress serverAddr = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 0);
+        InetSocketAddress clientAddr6 = new InetSocketAddress("::1", 0);
+        InetSocketAddress serverAddr6 = new InetSocketAddress("::1", 0);
+        server.bind(serverAddr);
+        server6.bind(serverAddr6);
+        Socket socket = new Socket(serverAddr.getAddress(), server.getLocalPort(),
+                clientAddr.getAddress(), clientAddr.getPort());
+        Socket socket6 = new Socket(serverAddr6.getAddress(), server6.getLocalPort(),
+                clientAddr6.getAddress(), clientAddr6.getPort());
+        QosSocketInfo sockInfo = new QosSocketInfo(mMockNetwork, socket);
+        QosSocketInfo sockInfo6 = new QosSocketInfo(mMockNetwork, socket6);
+        assertTrue(sockInfo.getLocalSocketAddress()
+                .equals(new InetSocketAddress(socket.getLocalAddress(), socket.getLocalPort())));
+        assertTrue(sockInfo.getRemoteSocketAddress()
+                .equals((InetSocketAddress) socket.getRemoteSocketAddress()));
+        assertEquals(SOCK_STREAM, sockInfo.getSocketType());
+        assertTrue(sockInfo6.getLocalSocketAddress()
+                .equals(new InetSocketAddress(socket6.getLocalAddress(), socket6.getLocalPort())));
+        assertTrue(sockInfo6.getRemoteSocketAddress()
+                .equals((InetSocketAddress) socket6.getRemoteSocketAddress()));
+        assertEquals(SOCK_STREAM, sockInfo6.getSocketType());
+        socket.close();
+        socket6.close();
+        server.close();
+        server6.close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testConstructWithDatagramSock() throws Exception {
+        InetSocketAddress clientAddr = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 0);
+        InetSocketAddress serverAddr = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 0);
+        InetSocketAddress clientAddr6 = new InetSocketAddress("::1", 0);
+        InetSocketAddress serverAddr6 = new InetSocketAddress("::1", 0);
+        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(null);
+        socket.setReuseAddress(true);
+        socket.bind(clientAddr);
+        socket.connect(serverAddr);
+        DatagramSocket socket6 = new DatagramSocket(null);
+        socket6.setReuseAddress(true);
+        socket6.bind(clientAddr);
+        socket6.connect(serverAddr);
+        QosSocketInfo sockInfo = new QosSocketInfo(mMockNetwork, socket);
+        QosSocketInfo sockInfo6 = new QosSocketInfo(mMockNetwork, socket6);
+        assertTrue(sockInfo.getLocalSocketAddress()
+                .equals((InetSocketAddress) socket.getLocalSocketAddress()));
+        assertTrue(sockInfo.getRemoteSocketAddress()
+                .equals((InetSocketAddress) socket.getRemoteSocketAddress()));
+        assertEquals(SOCK_DGRAM, sockInfo.getSocketType());
+        assertTrue(sockInfo6.getLocalSocketAddress()
+                .equals((InetSocketAddress) socket6.getLocalSocketAddress()));
+        assertTrue(sockInfo6.getRemoteSocketAddress()
+                .equals((InetSocketAddress) socket6.getRemoteSocketAddress()));
+        assertEquals(SOCK_DGRAM, sockInfo6.getSocketType());
+        socket.close();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtilsTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtilsTest.kt
index 743d39e..aa5a246 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtilsTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/netstats/NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtilsTest.kt
@@ -61,14 +61,6 @@
         assertValues(builder.build(), 55, 1814302L, 21050L, 31001636L, 26152L)
     }
 
-    @Test
-    fun testMaybeReadLegacyUid() {
-        val builder = NetworkStatsCollection.Builder(BUCKET_DURATION_MS)
-        NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils.readLegacyUid(builder,
-                getInputStreamForResource(R.raw.netstats_uid_v4), false /* taggedData */)
-        assertValues(builder.build(), 223, 106245210L, 710722L, 1130647496L, 1103989L)
-    }
-
     private fun assertValues(
         collection: NetworkStatsCollection,
         expectedSize: Int,
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java
index 30b8fcd..8a4932b 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
-import com.android.testutils.ExceptionUtils;
+import com.android.testutils.FunctionalUtils.ThrowingConsumer;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Rule;
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class NsdManagerTest {
 
     static final int PROTOCOL = NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD;
@@ -81,70 +81,70 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testResolveServiceS() throws Exception {
         verify(mServiceConn, never()).startDaemon();
         doTestResolveService();
     }
 
     @Test
-    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testResolveServicePreS() throws Exception {
         verify(mServiceConn).startDaemon();
         doTestResolveService();
     }
 
     @Test
-    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testDiscoverServiceS() throws Exception {
         verify(mServiceConn, never()).startDaemon();
         doTestDiscoverService();
     }
 
     @Test
-    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testDiscoverServicePreS() throws Exception {
         verify(mServiceConn).startDaemon();
         doTestDiscoverService();
     }
 
     @Test
-    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testParallelResolveServiceS() throws Exception {
         verify(mServiceConn, never()).startDaemon();
         doTestParallelResolveService();
     }
 
     @Test
-    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testParallelResolveServicePreS() throws Exception {
         verify(mServiceConn).startDaemon();
         doTestParallelResolveService();
     }
 
     @Test
-    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testInvalidCallsS() throws Exception {
         verify(mServiceConn, never()).startDaemon();
         doTestInvalidCalls();
     }
 
     @Test
-    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testInvalidCallsPreS() throws Exception {
         verify(mServiceConn).startDaemon();
         doTestInvalidCalls();
     }
 
     @Test
-    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testRegisterServiceS() throws Exception {
         verify(mServiceConn, never()).startDaemon();
         doTestRegisterService();
     }
 
     @Test
-    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testRegisterServicePreS() throws Exception {
         verify(mServiceConn).startDaemon();
         doTestRegisterService();
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    int getRequestKey(ExceptionUtils.ThrowingConsumer<ArgumentCaptor<Integer>> verifier)
+    int getRequestKey(ThrowingConsumer<ArgumentCaptor<Integer>> verifier)
             throws Exception {
         final ArgumentCaptor<Integer> captor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Integer.class);
         verifier.accept(captor);
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfoTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfoTest.java
index e5e7ebc..64355ed 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfoTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfoTest.java
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class NsdServiceInfoTest {
 
     public final static InetAddress LOCALHOST;
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@
         fullInfo.setPort(4242);
         fullInfo.setHost(LOCALHOST);
         fullInfo.setNetwork(new Network(123));
+        fullInfo.setInterfaceIndex(456);
         checkParcelable(fullInfo);
 
         NsdServiceInfo noHostInfo = new NsdServiceInfo();
@@ -175,6 +176,7 @@
         assertEquals(original.getHost(), result.getHost());
         assertTrue(original.getPort() == result.getPort());
         assertEquals(original.getNetwork(), result.getNetwork());
+        assertEquals(original.getInterfaceIndex(), result.getInterfaceIndex());
 
         // Assert equality of attribute map.
         Map<String, byte[]> originalMap = original.getAttributes();
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTest.kt
deleted file mode 100644
index 576b8d3..0000000
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTest.kt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,156 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package android.net.util
-
-import android.content.Context
-import android.content.res.Resources
-import android.net.ConnectivityManager.MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_HANDOVER
-import android.net.ConnectivityManager.MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_PERFORMANCE
-import android.net.ConnectivityManager.MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_RELIABILITY
-import android.net.ConnectivityResources
-import android.net.ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI
-import android.net.ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE
-import android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTracker.ActiveDataSubscriptionIdListener
-import android.os.Build
-import android.provider.Settings
-import android.telephony.SubscriptionInfo
-import android.telephony.SubscriptionManager
-import android.telephony.TelephonyManager
-import android.test.mock.MockContentResolver
-import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
-import com.android.connectivity.resources.R
-import com.android.internal.util.test.FakeSettingsProvider
-import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
-import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
-import org.junit.After
-import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
-import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
-import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
-import org.junit.Test
-import org.junit.runner.RunWith
-import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor
-import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt
-import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.argThat
-import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq
-import org.mockito.Mockito.any
-import org.mockito.Mockito.doCallRealMethod
-import org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn
-import org.mockito.Mockito.mock
-import org.mockito.Mockito.times
-import org.mockito.Mockito.verify
-
-/**
- * Tests for [MultinetworkPolicyTracker].
- *
- * Build, install and run with:
- * atest android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTest
- */
-@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
-@SmallTest
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
-class MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTest {
-    private val resources = mock(Resources::class.java).also {
-        doReturn(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi).`when`(it).getIdentifier(
-                eq("config_networkAvoidBadWifi"), eq("integer"), any())
-        doReturn(0).`when`(it).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi)
-    }
-    private val telephonyManager = mock(TelephonyManager::class.java)
-    private val subscriptionManager = mock(SubscriptionManager::class.java).also {
-        doReturn(null).`when`(it).getActiveSubscriptionInfo(anyInt())
-    }
-    private val resolver = MockContentResolver().apply {
-        addProvider(Settings.AUTHORITY, FakeSettingsProvider()) }
-    private val context = mock(Context::class.java).also {
-        doReturn(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE).`when`(it)
-                .getSystemServiceName(TelephonyManager::class.java)
-        doReturn(telephonyManager).`when`(it).getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE)
-        if (it.getSystemService(TelephonyManager::class.java) == null) {
-            // Test is using mockito extended
-            doCallRealMethod().`when`(it).getSystemService(TelephonyManager::class.java)
-        }
-        doReturn(subscriptionManager).`when`(it)
-                .getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SUBSCRIPTION_SERVICE)
-        doReturn(resolver).`when`(it).contentResolver
-        doReturn(resources).`when`(it).resources
-        doReturn(it).`when`(it).createConfigurationContext(any())
-        Settings.Global.putString(resolver, NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI, "1")
-        ConnectivityResources.setResourcesContextForTest(it)
-    }
-    private val tracker = MultinetworkPolicyTracker(context, null /* handler */)
-
-    private fun assertMultipathPreference(preference: Int) {
-        Settings.Global.putString(resolver, NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE,
-                preference.toString())
-        tracker.updateMeteredMultipathPreference()
-        assertEquals(preference, tracker.meteredMultipathPreference)
-    }
-
-    @After
-    fun tearDown() {
-        ConnectivityResources.setResourcesContextForTest(null)
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    fun testUpdateMeteredMultipathPreference() {
-        assertMultipathPreference(MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_HANDOVER)
-        assertMultipathPreference(MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_RELIABILITY)
-        assertMultipathPreference(MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_PERFORMANCE)
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    fun testUpdateAvoidBadWifi() {
-        Settings.Global.putString(resolver, NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI, "0")
-        assertTrue(tracker.updateAvoidBadWifi())
-        assertFalse(tracker.avoidBadWifi)
-
-        doReturn(1).`when`(resources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi)
-        assertTrue(tracker.updateAvoidBadWifi())
-        assertTrue(tracker.avoidBadWifi)
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    fun testOnActiveDataSubscriptionIdChanged() {
-        val testSubId = 1000
-        val subscriptionInfo = SubscriptionInfo(testSubId, ""/* iccId */, 1/* iccId */,
-                "TMO"/* displayName */, "TMO"/* carrierName */, 1/* nameSource */, 1/* iconTint */,
-                "123"/* number */, 1/* roaming */, null/* icon */, "310"/* mcc */, "210"/* mnc */,
-                ""/* countryIso */, false/* isEmbedded */, null/* nativeAccessRules */,
-                "1"/* cardString */)
-        doReturn(subscriptionInfo).`when`(subscriptionManager).getActiveSubscriptionInfo(testSubId)
-
-        // Modify avoidBadWifi and meteredMultipathPreference settings value and local variables in
-        // MultinetworkPolicyTracker should be also updated after subId changed.
-        Settings.Global.putString(resolver, NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI, "0")
-        Settings.Global.putString(resolver, NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE,
-                MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_PERFORMANCE.toString())
-
-        val listenerCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(
-                ActiveDataSubscriptionIdListener::class.java)
-        verify(telephonyManager, times(1))
-                .registerTelephonyCallback(any(), listenerCaptor.capture())
-        val listener = listenerCaptor.value
-        listener.onActiveDataSubscriptionIdChanged(testSubId)
-
-        // Check it get resource value with test sub id.
-        verify(subscriptionManager, times(1)).getActiveSubscriptionInfo(testSubId)
-        verify(context).createConfigurationContext(argThat { it.mcc == 310 && it.mnc == 210 })
-
-        // Check if avoidBadWifi and meteredMultipathPreference values have been updated.
-        assertFalse(tracker.avoidBadWifi)
-        assertEquals(MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_PERFORMANCE, tracker.meteredMultipathPreference)
-    }
-}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/internal/net/VpnProfileTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/internal/net/VpnProfileTest.java
index 360390d..0a6d2f2 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/internal/net/VpnProfileTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/internal/net/VpnProfileTest.java
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 package com.android.internal.net;
 
 import static android.net.cts.util.IkeSessionTestUtils.CHILD_PARAMS;
-import static android.net.cts.util.IkeSessionTestUtils.IKE_PARAMS;
+import static android.net.cts.util.IkeSessionTestUtils.IKE_PARAMS_V4;
 
 import static com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel.isAtLeastT;
 import static com.android.testutils.ParcelUtils.assertParcelSane;
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
     private VpnProfile getSampleIkev2ProfileWithIkeTunConnParams(String key) {
         final VpnProfile p = new VpnProfile(key, true /* isRestrictedToTestNetworks */,
                 false /* excludesLocalRoutes */, true /* requiresPlatformValidation */,
-                new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(IKE_PARAMS, CHILD_PARAMS));
+                new IkeTunnelConnectionParams(IKE_PARAMS_V4, CHILD_PARAMS));
 
         p.name = "foo";
         p.server = "bar";
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/BpfNetMapsTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/BpfNetMapsTest.java
index f07a10d..0c00bc0 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/BpfNetMapsTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/BpfNetMapsTest.java
@@ -16,53 +16,1058 @@
 
 package com.android.server;
 
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY;
 import static android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_INTERNET;
+import static android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_NONE;
+import static android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED;
+import static android.net.INetd.PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.EINVAL;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.EPERM;
 
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.DOZABLE_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.HAPPY_BOX_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.IIF_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.NO_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.OEM_DENY_1_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.OEM_DENY_2_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.OEM_DENY_3_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.PENALTY_BOX_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.POWERSAVE_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.RESTRICTED_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.BpfNetMaps.STANDBY_MATCH;
+import static com.android.server.ConnectivityStatsLog.NETWORK_BPF_MAP_INFO;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assume.assumeFalse;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 
+import android.app.StatsManager;
+import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.INetd;
 import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
+import android.system.ErrnoException;
+import android.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.S32;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.U32;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.U8;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapValue;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreAfter;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+import com.android.testutils.TestBpfMap;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
 @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
 public final class BpfNetMapsTest {
     private static final String TAG = "BpfNetMapsTest";
+
+    @Rule
+    public final DevSdkIgnoreRule ignoreRule = new DevSdkIgnoreRule();
+
     private static final int TEST_UID = 10086;
     private static final int[] TEST_UIDS = {10002, 10003};
-    private static final String IFNAME = "wlan0";
+    private static final String TEST_IF_NAME = "wlan0";
+    private static final int TEST_IF_INDEX = 7;
+    private static final int NO_IIF = 0;
+    private static final int NULL_IIF = 0;
     private static final String CHAINNAME = "fw_dozable";
+    private static final S32 UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY = new S32(0);
+    private static final S32 CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY = new S32(1);
+    private static final List<Integer> FIREWALL_CHAINS = List.of(
+            FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE,
+            FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY,
+            FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE,
+            FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED,
+            FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY,
+            FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1,
+            FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2,
+            FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3
+    );
+
+    private static final long STATS_SELECT_MAP_A = 0;
+    private static final long STATS_SELECT_MAP_B = 1;
+
     private BpfNetMaps mBpfNetMaps;
 
     @Mock INetd mNetd;
+    @Mock BpfNetMaps.Dependencies mDeps;
+    @Mock Context mContext;
+    private final IBpfMap<S32, U32> mConfigurationMap = new TestBpfMap<>(S32.class, U32.class);
+    private final IBpfMap<S32, UidOwnerValue> mUidOwnerMap =
+            new TestBpfMap<>(S32.class, UidOwnerValue.class);
+    private final IBpfMap<S32, U8> mUidPermissionMap = new TestBpfMap<>(S32.class, U8.class);
+    private final IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> mCookieTagMap =
+            spy(new TestBpfMap<>(CookieTagMapKey.class, CookieTagMapValue.class));
 
     @Before
-    public void setUp() {
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
-        mBpfNetMaps = new BpfNetMaps(mNetd);
+        doReturn(TEST_IF_INDEX).when(mDeps).getIfIndex(TEST_IF_NAME);
+        doReturn(0).when(mDeps).synchronizeKernelRCU();
+        BpfNetMaps.setEnableJavaBpfMapForTest(true /* enable */);
+        BpfNetMaps.setConfigurationMapForTest(mConfigurationMap);
+        mConfigurationMap.updateEntry(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY, new U32(0));
+        mConfigurationMap.updateEntry(
+                CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY, new U32(STATS_SELECT_MAP_A));
+        BpfNetMaps.setUidOwnerMapForTest(mUidOwnerMap);
+        BpfNetMaps.setUidPermissionMapForTest(mUidPermissionMap);
+        BpfNetMaps.setCookieTagMapForTest(mCookieTagMap);
+        mBpfNetMaps = new BpfNetMaps(mContext, mNetd, mDeps);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testBpfNetMapsBeforeT() throws Exception {
         assumeFalse(SdkLevel.isAtLeastT());
-        mBpfNetMaps.addUidInterfaceRules(IFNAME, TEST_UIDS);
-        verify(mNetd).firewallAddUidInterfaceRules(IFNAME, TEST_UIDS);
+        mBpfNetMaps.addUidInterfaceRules(TEST_IF_NAME, TEST_UIDS);
+        verify(mNetd).firewallAddUidInterfaceRules(TEST_IF_NAME, TEST_UIDS);
         mBpfNetMaps.removeUidInterfaceRules(TEST_UIDS);
         verify(mNetd).firewallRemoveUidInterfaceRules(TEST_UIDS);
         mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_INTERNET, TEST_UIDS);
         verify(mNetd).trafficSetNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_INTERNET, TEST_UIDS);
     }
+
+    private long getMatch(final List<Integer> chains) {
+        long match = 0;
+        for (final int chain: chains) {
+            match |= mBpfNetMaps.getMatchByFirewallChain(chain);
+        }
+        return match;
+    }
+
+    private void doTestIsChainEnabled(final List<Integer> enableChains) throws Exception {
+        mConfigurationMap.updateEntry(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY, new U32(getMatch(enableChains)));
+
+        for (final int chain: FIREWALL_CHAINS) {
+            final String testCase = "EnabledChains: " + enableChains + " CheckedChain: " + chain;
+            if (enableChains.contains(chain)) {
+                assertTrue("Expected isChainEnabled returns True, " + testCase,
+                        mBpfNetMaps.isChainEnabled(chain));
+            } else {
+                assertFalse("Expected isChainEnabled returns False, " + testCase,
+                        mBpfNetMaps.isChainEnabled(chain));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void doTestIsChainEnabled(final int enableChain) throws Exception {
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(List.of(enableChain));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testIsChainEnabled() throws Exception {
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE);
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY);
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE);
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED);
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY);
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1);
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2);
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testIsChainEnabledMultipleChainEnabled() throws Exception {
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(List.of(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY));
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(List.of(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED));
+        doTestIsChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAINS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testIsChainEnabledInvalidChain() {
+        final Class<ServiceSpecificException> expected = ServiceSpecificException.class;
+        assertThrows(expected, () -> mBpfNetMaps.isChainEnabled(-1 /* childChain */));
+        assertThrows(expected, () -> mBpfNetMaps.isChainEnabled(1000 /* childChain */));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testIsChainEnabledBeforeT() {
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.isChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE));
+    }
+
+    private void doTestSetChildChain(final List<Integer> testChains) throws Exception {
+        long expectedMatch = 0;
+        for (final int chain: testChains) {
+            expectedMatch |= mBpfNetMaps.getMatchByFirewallChain(chain);
+        }
+
+        assertEquals(0, mConfigurationMap.getValue(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY).val);
+
+        for (final int chain: testChains) {
+            mBpfNetMaps.setChildChain(chain, true /* enable */);
+        }
+        assertEquals(expectedMatch, mConfigurationMap.getValue(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY).val);
+
+        for (final int chain: testChains) {
+            mBpfNetMaps.setChildChain(chain, false /* enable */);
+        }
+        assertEquals(0, mConfigurationMap.getValue(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY).val);
+    }
+
+    private void doTestSetChildChain(final int testChain) throws Exception {
+        doTestSetChildChain(List.of(testChain));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetChildChain() throws Exception {
+        mConfigurationMap.updateEntry(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY, new U32(0));
+        doTestSetChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE);
+        doTestSetChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY);
+        doTestSetChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE);
+        doTestSetChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED);
+        doTestSetChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY);
+        doTestSetChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1);
+        doTestSetChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2);
+        doTestSetChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetChildChainMultipleChain() throws Exception {
+        mConfigurationMap.updateEntry(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY, new U32(0));
+        doTestSetChildChain(List.of(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY));
+        doTestSetChildChain(List.of(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED));
+        doTestSetChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAINS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetChildChainInvalidChain() {
+        final Class<ServiceSpecificException> expected = ServiceSpecificException.class;
+        assertThrows(expected,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.setChildChain(-1 /* childChain */, true /* enable */));
+        assertThrows(expected,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.setChildChain(1000 /* childChain */, true /* enable */));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetChildChainBeforeT() {
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.setChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, true /* enable */));
+    }
+
+    private void checkUidOwnerValue(final int uid, final int expectedIif,
+            final long expectedMatch) throws Exception {
+        final UidOwnerValue config = mUidOwnerMap.getValue(new S32(uid));
+        if (expectedMatch == 0) {
+            assertNull(config);
+        } else {
+            assertEquals(expectedIif, config.iif);
+            assertEquals(expectedMatch, config.rule);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void doTestRemoveNaughtyApp(final int iif, final long match) throws Exception {
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new UidOwnerValue(iif, match));
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.removeNaughtyApp(TEST_UID);
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(TEST_UID, iif, match & ~PENALTY_BOX_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testRemoveNaughtyApp() throws Exception {
+        doTestRemoveNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH);
+
+        // PENALTY_BOX_MATCH with other matches
+        doTestRemoveNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH);
+
+        // PENALTY_BOX_MATCH with IIF_MATCH
+        doTestRemoveNaughtyApp(TEST_IF_INDEX, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH | IIF_MATCH);
+
+        // PENALTY_BOX_MATCH is not enabled
+        doTestRemoveNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testRemoveNaughtyAppMissingUid() {
+        // UidOwnerMap does not have entry for TEST_UID
+        assertThrows(ServiceSpecificException.class,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.removeNaughtyApp(TEST_UID));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testRemoveNaughtyAppBeforeT() {
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.removeNaughtyApp(TEST_UID));
+    }
+
+    private void doTestAddNaughtyApp(final int iif, final long match) throws Exception {
+        if (match != NO_MATCH) {
+            mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new UidOwnerValue(iif, match));
+        }
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.addNaughtyApp(TEST_UID);
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(TEST_UID, iif, match | PENALTY_BOX_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testAddNaughtyApp() throws Exception {
+        doTestAddNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, NO_MATCH);
+
+        // Other matches are enabled
+        doTestAddNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH);
+
+        // IIF_MATCH is enabled
+        doTestAddNaughtyApp(TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH);
+
+        // PENALTY_BOX_MATCH is already enabled
+        doTestAddNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testAddNaughtyAppBeforeT() {
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.addNaughtyApp(TEST_UID));
+    }
+
+    private void doTestRemoveNiceApp(final int iif, final long match) throws Exception {
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new UidOwnerValue(iif, match));
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.removeNiceApp(TEST_UID);
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(TEST_UID, iif, match & ~HAPPY_BOX_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testRemoveNiceApp() throws Exception {
+        doTestRemoveNiceApp(NO_IIF, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH);
+
+        // HAPPY_BOX_MATCH with other matches
+        doTestRemoveNiceApp(NO_IIF, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH);
+
+        // HAPPY_BOX_MATCH with IIF_MATCH
+        doTestRemoveNiceApp(TEST_IF_INDEX, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH | IIF_MATCH);
+
+        // HAPPY_BOX_MATCH is not enabled
+        doTestRemoveNiceApp(NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testRemoveNiceAppMissingUid() {
+        // UidOwnerMap does not have entry for TEST_UID
+        assertThrows(ServiceSpecificException.class,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.removeNiceApp(TEST_UID));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testRemoveNiceAppBeforeT() {
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.removeNiceApp(TEST_UID));
+    }
+
+    private void doTestAddNiceApp(final int iif, final long match) throws Exception {
+        if (match != NO_MATCH) {
+            mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new UidOwnerValue(iif, match));
+        }
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.addNiceApp(TEST_UID);
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(TEST_UID, iif, match | HAPPY_BOX_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testAddNiceApp() throws Exception {
+        doTestAddNiceApp(NO_IIF, NO_MATCH);
+
+        // Other matches are enabled
+        doTestAddNiceApp(NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH);
+
+        // IIF_MATCH is enabled
+        doTestAddNiceApp(TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH);
+
+        // HAPPY_BOX_MATCH is already enabled
+        doTestAddNiceApp(NO_IIF, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testAddNiceAppBeforeT() {
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.addNiceApp(TEST_UID));
+    }
+
+    private void doTestUpdateUidLockdownRule(final int iif, final long match, final boolean add)
+            throws Exception {
+        if (match != NO_MATCH) {
+            mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new UidOwnerValue(iif, match));
+        }
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.updateUidLockdownRule(TEST_UID, add);
+
+        final long expectedMatch = add ? match | LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH : match & ~LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH;
+        checkUidOwnerValue(TEST_UID, iif, expectedMatch);
+    }
+
+    private static final boolean ADD = true;
+    private static final boolean REMOVE = false;
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testUpdateUidLockdownRuleAddLockdown() throws Exception {
+        doTestUpdateUidLockdownRule(NO_IIF, NO_MATCH, ADD);
+
+        // Other matches are enabled
+        doTestUpdateUidLockdownRule(
+                NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH, ADD);
+
+        // IIF_MATCH is enabled
+        doTestUpdateUidLockdownRule(TEST_IF_INDEX, DOZABLE_MATCH, ADD);
+
+        // LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH is already enabled
+        doTestUpdateUidLockdownRule(NO_IIF, LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH, ADD);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testUpdateUidLockdownRuleRemoveLockdown() throws Exception {
+        doTestUpdateUidLockdownRule(NO_IIF, LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH, REMOVE);
+
+        // LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH with other matches
+        doTestUpdateUidLockdownRule(
+                NO_IIF, LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH, REMOVE);
+
+        // LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH with IIF_MATCH
+        doTestUpdateUidLockdownRule(TEST_IF_INDEX, LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH | IIF_MATCH, REMOVE);
+
+        // LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH is not enabled
+        doTestUpdateUidLockdownRule(NO_IIF, POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH, REMOVE);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testUpdateUidLockdownRuleBeforeT() {
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.updateUidLockdownRule(TEST_UID, true /* add */));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testAddUidInterfaceRules() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.addUidInterfaceRules(TEST_IF_NAME, TEST_UIDS);
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid0, TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH);
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid1, TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testAddUidInterfaceRulesWithOtherMatch() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        final long match0 = DOZABLE_MATCH;
+        final long match1 = DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH;
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid0), new UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, match0));
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid1), new UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, match1));
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.addUidInterfaceRules(TEST_IF_NAME, TEST_UIDS);
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid0, TEST_IF_INDEX, match0 | IIF_MATCH);
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid1, TEST_IF_INDEX, match1 | IIF_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testAddUidInterfaceRulesWithExistingIifMatch() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        final long match0 = IIF_MATCH;
+        final long match1 = IIF_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH;
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid0), new UidOwnerValue(TEST_IF_INDEX + 1, match0));
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid1), new UidOwnerValue(NULL_IIF, match1));
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.addUidInterfaceRules(TEST_IF_NAME, TEST_UIDS);
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid0, TEST_IF_INDEX, match0);
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid1, TEST_IF_INDEX, match1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testAddUidInterfaceRulesGetIfIndexFail() {
+        doReturn(0).when(mDeps).getIfIndex(TEST_IF_NAME);
+        assertThrows(ServiceSpecificException.class,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.addUidInterfaceRules(TEST_IF_NAME, TEST_UIDS));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testAddUidInterfaceRulesWithNullInterface() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        final long match0 = IIF_MATCH;
+        final long match1 = IIF_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH;
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid0), new UidOwnerValue(TEST_IF_INDEX, match0));
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid1), new UidOwnerValue(NULL_IIF, match1));
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.addUidInterfaceRules(null /* ifName */, TEST_UIDS);
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid0, NULL_IIF, match0);
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid1, NULL_IIF, match1);
+    }
+
+    private void doTestRemoveUidInterfaceRules(final int iif0, final long match0,
+            final int iif1, final long match1) throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid0), new UidOwnerValue(iif0, match0));
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid1), new UidOwnerValue(iif1, match1));
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.removeUidInterfaceRules(TEST_UIDS);
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid0, NO_IIF, match0 & ~IIF_MATCH);
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid1, NO_IIF, match1 & ~IIF_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testRemoveUidInterfaceRules() throws Exception {
+        doTestRemoveUidInterfaceRules(TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH, NULL_IIF, IIF_MATCH);
+
+        // IIF_MATCH and other matches are enabled
+        doTestRemoveUidInterfaceRules(TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH,
+                NULL_IIF, IIF_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH);
+
+        // IIF_MATCH is not enabled
+        doTestRemoveUidInterfaceRules(NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH,
+                NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    private void doTestSetUidRule(final List<Integer> testChains) throws Exception {
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new UidOwnerValue(TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH));
+
+        for (final int chain: testChains) {
+            final int ruleToAddMatch = mBpfNetMaps.isFirewallAllowList(chain)
+                    ? FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW : FIREWALL_RULE_DENY;
+            mBpfNetMaps.setUidRule(chain, TEST_UID, ruleToAddMatch);
+        }
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(TEST_UID, TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH | getMatch(testChains));
+
+        for (final int chain: testChains) {
+            final int ruleToRemoveMatch = mBpfNetMaps.isFirewallAllowList(chain)
+                    ? FIREWALL_RULE_DENY : FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW;
+            mBpfNetMaps.setUidRule(chain, TEST_UID, ruleToRemoveMatch);
+        }
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(TEST_UID, TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    private void doTestSetUidRule(final int testChain) throws Exception {
+        doTestSetUidRule(List.of(testChain));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetUidRule() throws Exception {
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE);
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY);
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE);
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED);
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY);
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1);
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2);
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetUidRuleMultipleChain() throws Exception {
+        doTestSetUidRule(List.of(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY));
+        doTestSetUidRule(List.of(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED));
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAINS);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetUidRuleRemoveRuleFromUidWithNoRule() {
+        final Class<ServiceSpecificException> expected = ServiceSpecificException.class;
+        assertThrows(expected,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.setUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, TEST_UID, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetUidRuleInvalidChain() {
+        final Class<ServiceSpecificException> expected = ServiceSpecificException.class;
+        assertThrows(expected,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.setUidRule(-1 /* childChain */, TEST_UID, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW));
+        assertThrows(expected,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.setUidRule(1000 /* childChain */, TEST_UID, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetUidRuleInvalidRule() {
+        final Class<ServiceSpecificException> expected = ServiceSpecificException.class;
+        assertThrows(expected, () ->
+                mBpfNetMaps.setUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, TEST_UID, -1 /* firewallRule */));
+        assertThrows(expected, () ->
+                mBpfNetMaps.setUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, TEST_UID, 1000 /* firewallRule */));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetUidRuleBeforeT() {
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () ->
+                mBpfNetMaps.setUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, TEST_UID, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testReplaceUidChain() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, TEST_UIDS);
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid0, NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH);
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid1, NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testReplaceUidChainWithOtherMatch() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        final long match0 = POWERSAVE_MATCH;
+        final long match1 = POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH;
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid0), new UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, match0));
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid1), new UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, match1));
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, new int[]{uid1});
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid0, NO_IIF, match0);
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid1, NO_IIF, match1 | DOZABLE_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testReplaceUidChainWithExistingIifMatch() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        final long match0 = IIF_MATCH;
+        final long match1 = IIF_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH;
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid0), new UidOwnerValue(TEST_IF_INDEX, match0));
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid1), new UidOwnerValue(NULL_IIF, match1));
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, TEST_UIDS);
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid0, TEST_IF_INDEX, match0 | DOZABLE_MATCH);
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid1, NULL_IIF, match1 | DOZABLE_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testReplaceUidChainRemoveExistingMatch() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        final long match0 = IIF_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH;
+        final long match1 = IIF_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH;
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid0), new UidOwnerValue(TEST_IF_INDEX, match0));
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(uid1), new UidOwnerValue(NULL_IIF, match1));
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, new int[]{uid1});
+
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid0, TEST_IF_INDEX, match0 & ~DOZABLE_MATCH);
+        checkUidOwnerValue(uid1, NULL_IIF, match1 | DOZABLE_MATCH);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testReplaceUidChainInvalidChain() {
+        final Class<IllegalArgumentException> expected = IllegalArgumentException.class;
+        assertThrows(expected, () -> mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain(-1 /* chain */, TEST_UIDS));
+        assertThrows(expected, () -> mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain(1000 /* chain */, TEST_UIDS));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testReplaceUidChainBeforeT() {
+        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
+                () -> mBpfNetMaps.replaceUidChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, TEST_UIDS));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetNetPermForUidsGrantInternetPermission() throws Exception {
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_INTERNET, TEST_UIDS);
+
+        assertTrue(mUidPermissionMap.isEmpty());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetNetPermForUidsGrantUpdateStatsPermission() throws Exception {
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS, TEST_UIDS);
+
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        assertEquals(PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)).val);
+        assertEquals(PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)).val);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetNetPermForUidsGrantMultiplePermissions() throws Exception {
+        final int permission = PERMISSION_INTERNET | PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS;
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(permission, TEST_UIDS);
+
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        assertEquals(permission, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)).val);
+        assertEquals(permission, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)).val);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetNetPermForUidsRevokeInternetPermission() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_INTERNET, TEST_UIDS);
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_NONE, new int[]{uid0});
+
+        assertEquals(PERMISSION_NONE, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)).val);
+        assertNull(mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetNetPermForUidsRevokeUpdateDeviceStatsPermission() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS, TEST_UIDS);
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_NONE, new int[]{uid0});
+
+        assertEquals(PERMISSION_NONE, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)).val);
+        assertEquals(PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)).val);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetNetPermForUidsRevokeMultiplePermissions() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        final int permission = PERMISSION_INTERNET | PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS;
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(permission, TEST_UIDS);
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_NONE, new int[]{uid0});
+
+        assertEquals(PERMISSION_NONE, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)).val);
+        assertEquals(permission, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)).val);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetNetPermForUidsPermissionUninstalled() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        final int permission = PERMISSION_INTERNET | PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS;
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(permission, TEST_UIDS);
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED, new int[]{uid0});
+
+        assertNull(mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)));
+        assertEquals(permission, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)).val);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSetNetPermForUidsDuplicatedRequestSilentlyIgnored() throws Exception {
+        final int uid0 = TEST_UIDS[0];
+        final int uid1 = TEST_UIDS[1];
+        final int permission = PERMISSION_INTERNET | PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS;
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(permission, TEST_UIDS);
+        assertEquals(permission, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)).val);
+        assertEquals(permission, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)).val);
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(permission, TEST_UIDS);
+        assertEquals(permission, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)).val);
+        assertEquals(permission, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)).val);
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_NONE, TEST_UIDS);
+        assertEquals(PERMISSION_NONE, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)).val);
+        assertEquals(PERMISSION_NONE, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)).val);
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_NONE, TEST_UIDS);
+        assertEquals(PERMISSION_NONE, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)).val);
+        assertEquals(PERMISSION_NONE, mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)).val);
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED, TEST_UIDS);
+        assertNull(mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)));
+        assertNull(mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)));
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.setNetPermForUids(PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED, TEST_UIDS);
+        assertNull(mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid0)));
+        assertNull(mUidPermissionMap.getValue(new S32(uid1)));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSwapActiveStatsMap() throws Exception {
+        mConfigurationMap.updateEntry(
+                CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY, new U32(STATS_SELECT_MAP_A));
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.swapActiveStatsMap();
+        assertEquals(STATS_SELECT_MAP_B,
+                mConfigurationMap.getValue(CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY).val);
+
+        mBpfNetMaps.swapActiveStatsMap();
+        assertEquals(STATS_SELECT_MAP_A,
+                mConfigurationMap.getValue(CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY).val);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testSwapActiveStatsMapSynchronizeKernelRCUFail() throws Exception {
+        doReturn(EPERM).when(mDeps).synchronizeKernelRCU();
+        mConfigurationMap.updateEntry(
+                CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY, new U32(STATS_SELECT_MAP_A));
+
+        assertThrows(ServiceSpecificException.class, () -> mBpfNetMaps.swapActiveStatsMap());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testPullBpfMapInfo() throws Exception {
+        // mCookieTagMap has 1 entry
+        mCookieTagMap.updateEntry(new CookieTagMapKey(0), new CookieTagMapValue(0, 0));
+
+        // mUidOwnerMap has 2 entries
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(0), new UidOwnerValue(0, 0));
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(1), new UidOwnerValue(0, 0));
+
+        // mUidPermissionMap has 3 entries
+        mUidPermissionMap.updateEntry(new S32(0), new U8((short) 0));
+        mUidPermissionMap.updateEntry(new S32(1), new U8((short) 0));
+        mUidPermissionMap.updateEntry(new S32(2), new U8((short) 0));
+
+        final int ret = mBpfNetMaps.pullBpfMapInfoAtom(NETWORK_BPF_MAP_INFO, new ArrayList<>());
+        assertEquals(StatsManager.PULL_SUCCESS, ret);
+        verify(mDeps).buildStatsEvent(
+                1 /* cookieTagMapSize */, 2 /* uidOwnerMapSize */, 3 /* uidPermissionMapSize */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testPullBpfMapInfoGetMapSizeFailure() throws Exception {
+        doThrow(new ErrnoException("", EINVAL)).when(mCookieTagMap).forEach(any());
+        final int ret = mBpfNetMaps.pullBpfMapInfoAtom(NETWORK_BPF_MAP_INFO, new ArrayList<>());
+        assertEquals(StatsManager.PULL_SKIP, ret);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testPullBpfMapInfoUnexpectedAtomTag() {
+        final int ret = mBpfNetMaps.pullBpfMapInfoAtom(-1 /* atomTag */, new ArrayList<>());
+        assertEquals(StatsManager.PULL_SKIP, ret);
+    }
+
+    private void assertDumpContains(final String dump, final String message) {
+        assertTrue(String.format("dump(%s) does not contain '%s'", dump, message),
+                dump.contains(message));
+    }
+
+    private String getDump() throws Exception {
+        final StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
+        mBpfNetMaps.dump(new IndentingPrintWriter(sw), new FileDescriptor(), true /* verbose */);
+        return sw.toString();
+    }
+
+    private void doTestDumpUidPermissionMap(final int permission, final String permissionString)
+            throws Exception {
+        mUidPermissionMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new U8((short) permission));
+        assertDumpContains(getDump(), TEST_UID + " " + permissionString);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testDumpUidPermissionMap() throws Exception {
+        doTestDumpUidPermissionMap(PERMISSION_NONE, "PERMISSION_NONE");
+        doTestDumpUidPermissionMap(PERMISSION_INTERNET | PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS,
+                "PERMISSION_INTERNET PERMISSION_UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testDumpUidPermissionMapInvalidPermission() throws Exception {
+        doTestDumpUidPermissionMap(PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED, "PERMISSION_UNINSTALLED error!");
+        doTestDumpUidPermissionMap(PERMISSION_INTERNET | 1 << 6,
+                "PERMISSION_INTERNET PERMISSION_UNKNOWN(64)");
+    }
+
+    void doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(final int iif, final long match, final String matchString)
+            throws Exception {
+        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new UidOwnerValue(iif, match));
+        assertDumpContains(getDump(), TEST_UID + " " + matchString);
+    }
+
+    void doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(final long match, final String matchString) throws Exception {
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(0 /* iif */, match, matchString);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testDumpUidOwnerMap() throws Exception {
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, "HAPPY_BOX_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(PENALTY_BOX_MATCH, "PENALTY_BOX_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(DOZABLE_MATCH, "DOZABLE_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(STANDBY_MATCH, "STANDBY_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(POWERSAVE_MATCH, "POWERSAVE_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(RESTRICTED_MATCH, "RESTRICTED_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH, "LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH, "LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(OEM_DENY_1_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_1_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(OEM_DENY_2_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_2_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(OEM_DENY_3_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_3_MATCH");
+
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(HAPPY_BOX_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH,
+                "HAPPY_BOX_MATCH POWERSAVE_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(DOZABLE_MATCH | LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH | OEM_DENY_1_MATCH,
+                "DOZABLE_MATCH LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH OEM_DENY_1_MATCH");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testDumpUidOwnerMapWithIifMatch() throws Exception {
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH, "IIF_MATCH " + TEST_IF_INDEX);
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(TEST_IF_INDEX,
+                IIF_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH | LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH | OEM_DENY_1_MATCH,
+                "DOZABLE_MATCH IIF_MATCH LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH OEM_DENY_1_MATCH " + TEST_IF_INDEX);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testDumpUidOwnerMapWithInvalidMatch() throws Exception {
+        final long invalid_match = 1L << 31;
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(invalid_match, "UNKNOWN_MATCH(" + invalid_match + ")");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(DOZABLE_MATCH | invalid_match,
+                "DOZABLE_MATCH UNKNOWN_MATCH(" + invalid_match + ")");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testDumpCurrentStatsMapConfig() throws Exception {
+        mConfigurationMap.updateEntry(
+                CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY, new U32(STATS_SELECT_MAP_A));
+        assertDumpContains(getDump(), "current statsMap configuration: 0 SELECT_MAP_A");
+
+        mConfigurationMap.updateEntry(
+                CURRENT_STATS_MAP_CONFIGURATION_KEY, new U32(STATS_SELECT_MAP_B));
+        assertDumpContains(getDump(), "current statsMap configuration: 1 SELECT_MAP_B");
+    }
+
+    private void doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(final long match, final String matchString)
+            throws Exception {
+        mConfigurationMap.updateEntry(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY, new U32(match));
+        assertDumpContains(getDump(),
+                "current ownerMatch configuration: " + match + " " + matchString);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testDumpUidOwnerMapConfig() throws Exception {
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, "HAPPY_BOX_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(PENALTY_BOX_MATCH, "PENALTY_BOX_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(DOZABLE_MATCH, "DOZABLE_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(STANDBY_MATCH, "STANDBY_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(POWERSAVE_MATCH, "POWERSAVE_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(RESTRICTED_MATCH, "RESTRICTED_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH, "LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(IIF_MATCH, "IIF_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH, "LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(OEM_DENY_1_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_1_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(OEM_DENY_2_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_2_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(OEM_DENY_3_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_3_MATCH");
+
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(HAPPY_BOX_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH,
+                "HAPPY_BOX_MATCH POWERSAVE_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(DOZABLE_MATCH | LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH | OEM_DENY_1_MATCH,
+                "DOZABLE_MATCH LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH OEM_DENY_1_MATCH");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testDumpUidOwnerMapConfigWithInvalidMatch() throws Exception {
+        final long invalid_match = 1L << 31;
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(invalid_match, "UNKNOWN_MATCH(" + invalid_match + ")");
+        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(DOZABLE_MATCH | invalid_match,
+                "DOZABLE_MATCH UNKNOWN_MATCH(" + invalid_match + ")");
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index 4c76803..c8aa59b
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.android.server;
 
+import static android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CONTROL_OEM_PAID_NETWORK_PREFERENCE;
@@ -34,7 +35,6 @@
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REPLACED;
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_USER_ADDED;
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_USER_REMOVED;
-import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_USER_UNLOCKED;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageInfo.REQUESTED_PERMISSION_GRANTED;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_ETHERNET;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI;
@@ -51,6 +51,17 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_INFO;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_TYPE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DEFAULT;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_DEFAULT;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE_NO_FALLBACK;
@@ -104,6 +115,10 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_WIFI_P2P;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_XCAP;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_2;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_3;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_4;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_5;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.REDACT_FOR_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.REDACT_FOR_LOCAL_MAC_ADDRESS;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.REDACT_FOR_NETWORK_SETTINGS;
@@ -136,12 +151,14 @@
 import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE;
 import static com.android.server.ConnectivityService.PREFERENCE_ORDER_VPN;
 import static com.android.server.ConnectivityServiceTestUtils.transportToLegacyType;
+import static com.android.server.NetworkAgentWrapper.CallbackType.OnQosCallbackRegister;
+import static com.android.server.NetworkAgentWrapper.CallbackType.OnQosCallbackUnregister;
 import static com.android.testutils.ConcurrentUtils.await;
 import static com.android.testutils.ConcurrentUtils.durationOf;
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreAfter;
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
-import static com.android.testutils.ExceptionUtils.ignoreExceptions;
+import static com.android.testutils.FunctionalUtils.ignoreExceptions;
 import static com.android.testutils.HandlerUtils.waitForIdleSerialExecutor;
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertContainsAll;
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertContainsExactly;
@@ -159,8 +176,8 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
-import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assume.assumeFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 import static org.mockito.AdditionalMatchers.aryEq;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyBoolean;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyLong;
@@ -194,6 +211,7 @@
 import android.app.AppOpsManager;
 import android.app.NotificationManager;
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
+import android.app.admin.DevicePolicyManager;
 import android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager;
 import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
 import android.content.ComponentName;
@@ -223,6 +241,7 @@
 import android.net.ConnectivityThread;
 import android.net.DataStallReportParcelable;
 import android.net.EthernetManager;
+import android.net.EthernetNetworkSpecifier;
 import android.net.IConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback;
 import android.net.IDnsResolver;
 import android.net.INetd;
@@ -269,6 +288,7 @@
 import android.net.RouteInfoParcel;
 import android.net.SocketKeepalive;
 import android.net.TelephonyNetworkSpecifier;
+import android.net.TetheringManager;
 import android.net.TransportInfo;
 import android.net.UidRange;
 import android.net.UidRangeParcel;
@@ -281,9 +301,7 @@
 import android.net.networkstack.NetworkStackClientBase;
 import android.net.resolv.aidl.Nat64PrefixEventParcel;
 import android.net.resolv.aidl.PrivateDnsValidationEventParcel;
-import android.net.shared.NetworkMonitorUtils;
 import android.net.shared.PrivateDnsConfig;
-import android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTracker;
 import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
 import android.os.BadParcelableException;
 import android.os.BatteryStatsManager;
@@ -337,25 +355,33 @@
 import com.android.net.module.util.ArrayTrackRecord;
 import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.LocationPermissionChecker;
+import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkMonitorUtils;
+import com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConstantsShim;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.NetworkAgentConfigShimImpl;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService.ConnectivityDiagnosticsCallbackInfo;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService.NetworkRequestInfo;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityServiceTest.ConnectivityServiceDependencies.ReportedInterfaces;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.CarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.ClatCoordinator;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityFlags;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.MockableSystemProperties;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.MultinetworkPolicyTracker;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTestDependencies;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.Nat464Xlat;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkAgentInfo;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkNotificationManager;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkNotificationManager.NotificationType;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.ProxyTracker;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.QosCallbackTracker;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.UidRangeUtils;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.Vpn;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.VpnProfileStore;
+import com.android.server.net.LockdownVpnTracker;
 import com.android.server.net.NetworkPinner;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
-import com.android.testutils.ExceptionUtils;
+import com.android.testutils.FunctionalUtils.Function3;
+import com.android.testutils.FunctionalUtils.ThrowingConsumer;
+import com.android.testutils.FunctionalUtils.ThrowingRunnable;
 import com.android.testutils.HandlerUtils;
 import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback.CallbackEntry;
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallback;
@@ -408,6 +434,7 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
@@ -464,6 +491,9 @@
     private static final int TEST_APP_ID_2 = 104;
     private static final int TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID_2 =
             UserHandle.getUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_USER_ID, TEST_APP_ID_2);
+    private static final int TEST_APP_ID_3 = 105;
+    private static final int TEST_APP_ID_4 = 106;
+    private static final int TEST_APP_ID_5 = 107;
 
     private static final String CLAT_PREFIX = "v4-";
     private static final String MOBILE_IFNAME = "test_rmnet_data0";
@@ -493,7 +523,6 @@
 
     private MockContext mServiceContext;
     private HandlerThread mCsHandlerThread;
-    private HandlerThread mVMSHandlerThread;
     private ConnectivityServiceDependencies mDeps;
     private ConnectivityService mService;
     private WrappedConnectivityManager mCm;
@@ -509,7 +538,6 @@
     private TestNetIdManager mNetIdManager;
     private QosCallbackMockHelper mQosCallbackMockHelper;
     private QosCallbackTracker mQosCallbackTracker;
-    private VpnManagerService mVpnManagerService;
     private TestNetworkCallback mDefaultNetworkCallback;
     private TestNetworkCallback mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback;
     private TestNetworkCallback mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback;
@@ -539,10 +567,13 @@
     @Mock NetworkPolicyManager mNetworkPolicyManager;
     @Mock VpnProfileStore mVpnProfileStore;
     @Mock SystemConfigManager mSystemConfigManager;
+    @Mock DevicePolicyManager mDevicePolicyManager;
     @Mock Resources mResources;
+    @Mock ClatCoordinator mClatCoordinator;
     @Mock PacProxyManager mPacProxyManager;
     @Mock BpfNetMaps mBpfNetMaps;
     @Mock CarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator mCarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator;
+    @Mock TetheringManager mTetheringManager;
 
     // BatteryStatsManager is final and cannot be mocked with regular mockito, so just mock the
     // underlying binder calls.
@@ -642,7 +673,8 @@
         @Override
         public ComponentName startService(Intent service) {
             final String action = service.getAction();
-            if (!VpnConfig.SERVICE_INTERFACE.equals(action)) {
+            if (!VpnConfig.SERVICE_INTERFACE.equals(action)
+                    && !ConstantsShim.ACTION_VPN_MANAGER_EVENT.equals(action)) {
                 fail("Attempt to start unknown service, action=" + action);
             }
             return new ComponentName(service.getPackage(), "com.android.test.Service");
@@ -659,10 +691,12 @@
             if (Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mTelephonyManager;
             if (Context.ETHERNET_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mEthernetManager;
             if (Context.NETWORK_POLICY_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mNetworkPolicyManager;
+            if (Context.DEVICE_POLICY_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mDevicePolicyManager;
             if (Context.SYSTEM_CONFIG_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mSystemConfigManager;
             if (Context.NETWORK_STATS_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mStatsManager;
             if (Context.BATTERY_STATS_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mBatteryStatsManager;
             if (Context.PAC_PROXY_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mPacProxyManager;
+            if (Context.TETHERING_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mTetheringManager;
             return super.getSystemService(name);
         }
 
@@ -687,6 +721,14 @@
             doReturn(value).when(mUserManager).isManagedProfile(eq(userHandle.getIdentifier()));
         }
 
+        public void setDeviceOwner(@NonNull final UserHandle userHandle, String value) {
+            // This relies on all contexts for a given user returning the same UM mock
+            final DevicePolicyManager dpmMock = createContextAsUser(userHandle, 0 /* flags */)
+                    .getSystemService(DevicePolicyManager.class);
+            doReturn(value).when(dpmMock).getDeviceOwner();
+            doReturn(value).when(mDevicePolicyManager).getDeviceOwner();
+        }
+
         @Override
         public ContentResolver getContentResolver() {
             return mContentResolver;
@@ -703,7 +745,7 @@
         }
 
         private int checkMockedPermission(String permission, int pid, int uid,
-                Supplier<Integer> ifAbsent) {
+                Function3<String, Integer, Integer, Integer> ifAbsent /* perm, uid, pid -> int */) {
             final Integer granted = mMockedPermissions.get(permission + "," + pid + "," + uid);
             if (null != granted) {
                 return granted;
@@ -712,27 +754,27 @@
             if (null != allGranted) {
                 return allGranted;
             }
-            return ifAbsent.get();
+            return ifAbsent.apply(permission, pid, uid);
         }
 
         @Override
         public int checkPermission(String permission, int pid, int uid) {
             return checkMockedPermission(permission, pid, uid,
-                    () -> super.checkPermission(permission, pid, uid));
+                    (perm, p, u) -> super.checkPermission(perm, p, u));
         }
 
         @Override
         public int checkCallingOrSelfPermission(String permission) {
             return checkMockedPermission(permission, Process.myPid(), Process.myUid(),
-                    () -> super.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(permission));
+                    (perm, p, u) -> super.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(perm));
         }
 
         @Override
         public void enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(String permission, String message) {
             final Integer granted = checkMockedPermission(permission,
                     Process.myPid(), Process.myUid(),
-                    () -> {
-                        super.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(permission, message);
+                    (perm, p, u) -> {
+                        super.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(perm, message);
                         // enforce will crash if the permission is not granted
                         return PERMISSION_GRANTED;
                     });
@@ -745,7 +787,7 @@
         /**
          * Mock checks for the specified permission, and have them behave as per {@code granted}.
          *
-         * This will apply across the board no matter what the checked UID and PID are.
+         * This will apply to all calls no matter what the checked UID and PID are.
          *
          * <p>Passing null reverts to default behavior, which does a real permission check on the
          * test package.
@@ -781,6 +823,32 @@
         }
     }
 
+    // This was only added in the T SDK, but this test needs to build against the R+S SDKs, too.
+    private static int toSdkSandboxUid(int appUid) {
+        final int firstSdkSandboxUid = 20000;
+        return appUid + (firstSdkSandboxUid - Process.FIRST_APPLICATION_UID);
+    }
+
+    // This function assumes the UID range for user 0 ([1, 99999])
+    private static UidRangeParcel[] uidRangeParcelsExcludingUids(Integer... excludedUids) {
+        int start = 1;
+        Arrays.sort(excludedUids);
+        List<UidRangeParcel> parcels = new ArrayList<UidRangeParcel>();
+        for (int excludedUid : excludedUids) {
+            if (excludedUid == start) {
+                start++;
+            } else {
+                parcels.add(new UidRangeParcel(start, excludedUid - 1));
+                start = excludedUid + 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if (start <= 99999) {
+            parcels.add(new UidRangeParcel(start, 99999));
+        }
+
+        return parcels.toArray(new UidRangeParcel[0]);
+    }
+
     private void waitForIdle() {
         HandlerUtils.waitForIdle(mCsHandlerThread, TIMEOUT_MS);
         waitForIdle(mCellNetworkAgent, TIMEOUT_MS);
@@ -861,9 +929,6 @@
         private int mProbesSucceeded;
         private String mNmValidationRedirectUrl = null;
         private boolean mNmProvNotificationRequested = false;
-        private Runnable mCreatedCallback;
-        private Runnable mUnwantedCallback;
-        private Runnable mDisconnectedCallback;
 
         private final ConditionVariable mNetworkStatusReceived = new ConditionVariable();
         // Contains the redirectUrl from networkStatus(). Before reading, wait for
@@ -871,22 +936,34 @@
         private String mRedirectUrl;
 
         TestNetworkAgentWrapper(int transport) throws Exception {
-            this(transport, new LinkProperties(), null /* ncTemplate */, null /* provider */);
+            this(transport, new LinkProperties(), null /* ncTemplate */, null /* provider */, null);
         }
 
         TestNetworkAgentWrapper(int transport, LinkProperties linkProperties)
                 throws Exception {
-            this(transport, linkProperties, null /* ncTemplate */, null /* provider */);
+            this(transport, linkProperties, null /* ncTemplate */, null /* provider */, null);
         }
 
         private TestNetworkAgentWrapper(int transport, LinkProperties linkProperties,
                 NetworkCapabilities ncTemplate) throws Exception {
-            this(transport, linkProperties, ncTemplate, null /* provider */);
+            this(transport, linkProperties, ncTemplate, null /* provider */, null);
         }
 
         private TestNetworkAgentWrapper(int transport, LinkProperties linkProperties,
                 NetworkCapabilities ncTemplate, NetworkProvider provider) throws Exception {
-            super(transport, linkProperties, ncTemplate, provider, mServiceContext);
+            this(transport, linkProperties, ncTemplate, provider /* provider */, null);
+        }
+
+        private TestNetworkAgentWrapper(int transport, NetworkAgentWrapper.Callbacks callbacks)
+                throws Exception {
+            this(transport, new LinkProperties(), null /* ncTemplate */, null /* provider */,
+                    callbacks);
+        }
+
+        private TestNetworkAgentWrapper(int transport, LinkProperties linkProperties,
+                NetworkCapabilities ncTemplate, NetworkProvider provider,
+                NetworkAgentWrapper.Callbacks callbacks) throws Exception {
+            super(transport, linkProperties, ncTemplate, provider, callbacks, mServiceContext);
 
             // Waits for the NetworkAgent to be registered, which includes the creation of the
             // NetworkMonitor.
@@ -907,23 +984,6 @@
                 mNetworkStatusReceived.open();
             }
 
-            @Override
-            public void onNetworkCreated() {
-                super.onNetworkCreated();
-                if (mCreatedCallback != null) mCreatedCallback.run();
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public void onNetworkUnwanted() {
-                super.onNetworkUnwanted();
-                if (mUnwantedCallback != null) mUnwantedCallback.run();
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public void onNetworkDestroyed() {
-                super.onNetworkDestroyed();
-                if (mDisconnectedCallback != null) mDisconnectedCallback.run();
-            }
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -1008,38 +1068,41 @@
          * @param hasInternet Indicate if network should pretend to have NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET.
          */
         public void connect(boolean validated, boolean hasInternet, boolean isStrictMode) {
-            ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback callback = null;
             final ConditionVariable validatedCv = new ConditionVariable();
+            final ConditionVariable capsChangedCv = new ConditionVariable();
+            final NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                    .addTransportType(getNetworkCapabilities().getTransportTypes()[0])
+                    .clearCapabilities()
+                    .build();
             if (validated) {
                 setNetworkValid(isStrictMode);
-                NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
-                        .addTransportType(getNetworkCapabilities().getTransportTypes()[0])
-                        .clearCapabilities()
-                        .build();
-                callback = new ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
-                    public void onCapabilitiesChanged(Network network,
-                            NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities) {
-                        if (network.equals(getNetwork()) &&
-                                networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED)) {
+            }
+            final NetworkCallback callback = new NetworkCallback() {
+                public void onCapabilitiesChanged(Network network,
+                        NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities) {
+                    if (network.equals(getNetwork())) {
+                        capsChangedCv.open();
+                        if (networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED)) {
                             validatedCv.open();
                         }
                     }
-                };
-                mCm.registerNetworkCallback(request, callback);
-            }
+                }
+            };
+            mCm.registerNetworkCallback(request, callback);
+
             if (hasInternet) {
                 addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET);
             }
 
             connectWithoutInternet();
+            waitFor(capsChangedCv);
 
             if (validated) {
                 // Wait for network to validate.
                 waitFor(validatedCv);
                 setNetworkInvalid(isStrictMode);
             }
-
-            if (callback != null) mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(callback);
+            mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(callback);
         }
 
         public void connectWithCaptivePortal(String redirectUrl, boolean isStrictMode) {
@@ -1110,10 +1173,11 @@
         void setNetworkPartialValid(boolean isStrictMode) {
             setNetworkPartial();
             mNmValidationResult |= NETWORK_VALIDATION_RESULT_VALID;
+            mNmValidationRedirectUrl = null;
             int probesCompleted = NETWORK_VALIDATION_PROBE_DNS | NETWORK_VALIDATION_PROBE_HTTPS
                     | NETWORK_VALIDATION_PROBE_HTTP;
             int probesSucceeded = NETWORK_VALIDATION_PROBE_DNS | NETWORK_VALIDATION_PROBE_HTTP;
-            // Suppose the partial network cannot pass the private DNS validation as well, so only
+            // Assume the partial network cannot pass the private DNS validation as well, so only
             // add NETWORK_VALIDATION_PROBE_DNS in probesCompleted but not probesSucceeded.
             if (isStrictMode) {
                 probesCompleted |= NETWORK_VALIDATION_PROBE_PRIVDNS;
@@ -1153,18 +1217,6 @@
             p.timestampMillis = DATA_STALL_TIMESTAMP;
             mNmCallbacks.notifyDataStallSuspected(p);
         }
-
-        public void setCreatedCallback(Runnable r) {
-            mCreatedCallback = r;
-        }
-
-        public void setUnwantedCallback(Runnable r) {
-            mUnwantedCallback = r;
-        }
-
-        public void setDisconnectedCallback(Runnable r) {
-            mDisconnectedCallback = r;
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1537,32 +1589,6 @@
         return ranges.stream().map(r -> new UidRangeParcel(r, r)).toArray(UidRangeParcel[]::new);
     }
 
-    private VpnManagerService makeVpnManagerService() {
-        final VpnManagerService.Dependencies deps = new VpnManagerService.Dependencies() {
-            public int getCallingUid() {
-                return mDeps.getCallingUid();
-            }
-
-            public HandlerThread makeHandlerThread() {
-                return mVMSHandlerThread;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public VpnProfileStore getVpnProfileStore() {
-                return mVpnProfileStore;
-            }
-
-            public INetd getNetd() {
-                return mMockNetd;
-            }
-
-            public INetworkManagementService getINetworkManagementService() {
-                return mNetworkManagementService;
-            }
-        };
-        return new VpnManagerService(mServiceContext, deps);
-    }
-
     private void assertVpnTransportInfo(NetworkCapabilities nc, int type) {
         assertNotNull(nc);
         final TransportInfo ti = nc.getTransportInfo();
@@ -1574,22 +1600,17 @@
 
     private void processBroadcast(Intent intent) {
         mServiceContext.sendBroadcast(intent);
-        HandlerUtils.waitForIdle(mVMSHandlerThread, TIMEOUT_MS);
         waitForIdle();
     }
 
     private void mockVpn(int uid) {
-        synchronized (mVpnManagerService.mVpns) {
-            int userId = UserHandle.getUserId(uid);
-            mMockVpn = new MockVpn(userId);
-            // Every running user always has a Vpn in the mVpns array, even if no VPN is running.
-            mVpnManagerService.mVpns.put(userId, mMockVpn);
-        }
+        int userId = UserHandle.getUserId(uid);
+        mMockVpn = new MockVpn(userId);
     }
 
-    private void mockUidNetworkingBlocked() {
+    private void mockUidNetworkingBlocked(int uid) {
         doAnswer(i -> isUidBlocked(mBlockedReasons, i.getArgument(1))
-        ).when(mNetworkPolicyManager).isUidNetworkingBlocked(anyInt(), anyBoolean());
+        ).when(mNetworkPolicyManager).isUidNetworkingBlocked(eq(uid), anyBoolean());
     }
 
     private boolean isUidBlocked(int blockedReasons, boolean meteredNetwork) {
@@ -1616,12 +1637,7 @@
         volatile int mConfigMeteredMultipathPreference;
 
         WrappedMultinetworkPolicyTracker(Context c, Handler h, Runnable r) {
-            super(c, h, r);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected Resources getResourcesForActiveSubId() {
-            return mResources;
+            super(c, h, r, new MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTestDependencies(mResources));
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -1671,11 +1687,7 @@
         });
     }
 
-    private interface ExceptionalRunnable {
-        void run() throws Exception;
-    }
-
-    private void withPermission(String permission, ExceptionalRunnable r) throws Exception {
+    private void withPermission(String permission, ThrowingRunnable r) throws Exception {
         try {
             mServiceContext.setPermission(permission, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
             r.run();
@@ -1684,7 +1696,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private void withPermission(String permission, int pid, int uid, ExceptionalRunnable r)
+    private void withPermission(String permission, int pid, int uid, ThrowingRunnable r)
             throws Exception {
         try {
             mServiceContext.setPermission(permission, pid, uid, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
@@ -1765,7 +1777,6 @@
         initAlarmManager(mAlarmManager, mAlarmManagerThread.getThreadHandler());
 
         mCsHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("TestConnectivityService");
-        mVMSHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("TestVpnManagerService");
         mProxyTracker = new ProxyTracker(mServiceContext, mock(Handler.class),
                 16 /* EVENT_PROXY_HAS_CHANGED */);
 
@@ -1793,8 +1804,8 @@
         // getSystemService() correctly.
         mCm = new WrappedConnectivityManager(InstrumentationRegistry.getContext(), mService);
         mService.systemReadyInternal();
-        mVpnManagerService = makeVpnManagerService();
-        mVpnManagerService.systemReady();
+        verify(mMockDnsResolver).registerUnsolicitedEventListener(any());
+
         mockVpn(Process.myUid());
         mCm.bindProcessToNetwork(null);
         mQosCallbackTracker = mock(QosCallbackTracker.class);
@@ -1825,30 +1836,20 @@
                 .getIdentifier(eq("config_networkSupportedKeepaliveCount"), eq("array"), any());
         doReturn(R.array.network_switch_type_name).when(mResources)
                 .getIdentifier(eq("network_switch_type_name"), eq("array"), any());
-        doReturn(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi).when(mResources)
-                .getIdentifier(eq("config_networkAvoidBadWifi"), eq("integer"), any());
         doReturn(1).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi);
+        doReturn(0).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_activelyPreferBadWifi);
         doReturn(true).when(mResources)
                 .getBoolean(R.bool.config_cellular_radio_timesharing_capable);
     }
 
     class ConnectivityServiceDependencies extends ConnectivityService.Dependencies {
         final ConnectivityResources mConnRes;
-        @Mock final MockableSystemProperties mSystemProperties;
 
         ConnectivityServiceDependencies(final Context mockResContext) {
-            mSystemProperties = mock(MockableSystemProperties.class);
-            doReturn(false).when(mSystemProperties).getBoolean("ro.radio.noril", false);
-
             mConnRes = new ConnectivityResources(mockResContext);
         }
 
         @Override
-        public MockableSystemProperties getSystemProperties() {
-            return mSystemProperties;
-        }
-
-        @Override
         public HandlerThread makeHandlerThread() {
             return mCsHandlerThread;
         }
@@ -2000,10 +2001,15 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public BpfNetMaps getBpfNetMaps(INetd netd) {
+        public BpfNetMaps getBpfNetMaps(Context context, INetd netd) {
             return mBpfNetMaps;
         }
 
+        @Override
+        public ClatCoordinator getClatCoordinator(INetd netd) {
+            return mClatCoordinator;
+        }
+
         final ArrayTrackRecord<Pair<String, Long>> mRateLimitHistory = new ArrayTrackRecord<>();
         final Map<String, Long> mActiveRateLimit = new HashMap<>();
 
@@ -2538,7 +2544,7 @@
         doTestValidatedCellularOutscoresUnvalidatedWiFi(false);
     }
 
-    public void doTestValidatedCellularOutscoresUnvalidatedWiFi(
+    private void doTestValidatedCellularOutscoresUnvalidatedWiFi(
             final boolean cellRadioTimesharingCapable) throws Exception {
         mService.mCellularRadioTimesharingCapable = cellRadioTimesharingCapable;
         // Test bringing up unvalidated WiFi
@@ -2586,7 +2592,7 @@
         doTestUnvalidatedWifiOutscoresUnvalidatedCellular(false);
     }
 
-    public void doTestUnvalidatedWifiOutscoresUnvalidatedCellular(
+    private void doTestUnvalidatedWifiOutscoresUnvalidatedCellular(
             final boolean cellRadioTimesharingCapable) throws Exception {
         mService.mCellularRadioTimesharingCapable = cellRadioTimesharingCapable;
         // Test bringing up unvalidated cellular.
@@ -2625,7 +2631,7 @@
         doTestUnlingeringDoesNotValidate(false);
     }
 
-    public void doTestUnlingeringDoesNotValidate(
+    private void doTestUnlingeringDoesNotValidate(
             final boolean cellRadioTimesharingCapable) throws Exception {
         mService.mCellularRadioTimesharingCapable = cellRadioTimesharingCapable;
         // Test bringing up unvalidated WiFi.
@@ -2674,7 +2680,7 @@
         doTestRequestMigrationToSameTransport(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET, true);
     }
 
-    public void doTestRequestMigrationToSameTransport(final int transport,
+    private void doTestRequestMigrationToSameTransport(final int transport,
             final boolean expectLingering) throws Exception {
         // To speed up tests the linger delay is very short by default in tests but this
         // test needs to make sure the delay is not incurred so a longer value is safer (it
@@ -2779,7 +2785,7 @@
         doTestCellularOutscoresWeakWifi(false);
     }
 
-    public void doTestCellularOutscoresWeakWifi(
+    private void doTestCellularOutscoresWeakWifi(
             final boolean cellRadioTimesharingCapable) throws Exception {
         mService.mCellularRadioTimesharingCapable = cellRadioTimesharingCapable;
         // Test bringing up validated cellular.
@@ -2818,7 +2824,7 @@
         doTestReapingNetwork(false);
     }
 
-    public void doTestReapingNetwork(
+    private void doTestReapingNetwork(
             final boolean cellRadioTimesharingCapable) throws Exception {
         mService.mCellularRadioTimesharingCapable = cellRadioTimesharingCapable;
         // Test bringing up WiFi without NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET.
@@ -2860,7 +2866,7 @@
         doTestCellularFallback(false);
     }
 
-    public void doTestCellularFallback(
+    private void doTestCellularFallback(
             final boolean cellRadioTimesharingCapable) throws Exception {
         mService.mCellularRadioTimesharingCapable = cellRadioTimesharingCapable;
         // Test bringing up validated cellular.
@@ -2911,7 +2917,7 @@
         doTestWiFiFallback(false);
     }
 
-    public void doTestWiFiFallback(
+    private void doTestWiFiFallback(
             final boolean cellRadioTimesharingCapable) throws Exception {
         mService.mCellularRadioTimesharingCapable = cellRadioTimesharingCapable;
         // Test bringing up unvalidated WiFi.
@@ -2940,8 +2946,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testRequiresValidation() {
-        assertTrue(NetworkMonitorUtils.isValidationRequired(
-                NetworkAgentConfigShimImpl.newInstance(null),
+        assertTrue(NetworkMonitorUtils.isValidationRequired(false /* isVpnValidationRequired */,
                 mCm.getDefaultRequest().networkCapabilities));
     }
 
@@ -3006,6 +3011,43 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testNetworkDoesntMatchRequestsUntilConnected() throws Exception {
+        final TestNetworkCallback cb = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final NetworkRequest wifiRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
+        mCm.requestNetwork(wifiRequest, cb);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        // Updating the score triggers a rematch.
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setScore(new NetworkScore.Builder().build());
+        cb.assertNoCallback();
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(false);
+        cb.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        cb.assertNoCallback();
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cb);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNetworkNotVisibleUntilConnected() throws Exception {
+        final TestNetworkCallback cb = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final NetworkRequest wifiRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
+        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(wifiRequest, cb);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        final NetworkCapabilities nc = mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetworkCapabilities();
+        nc.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_TEMPORARILY_NOT_METERED);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkCapabilities(nc, true /* sendToConnectivityService */);
+        cb.assertNoCallback();
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(false);
+        cb.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        final CallbackEntry found = CollectionUtils.findLast(cb.getHistory(),
+                it -> it instanceof CallbackEntry.CapabilitiesChanged);
+        assertTrue(((CallbackEntry.CapabilitiesChanged) found).getCaps()
+                .hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_TEMPORARILY_NOT_METERED));
+        cb.assertNoCallback();
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cb);
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testStateChangeNetworkCallbacks() throws Exception {
         final TestNetworkCallback genericNetworkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         final TestNetworkCallback wifiNetworkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -3481,6 +3523,58 @@
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(callback);
     }
 
+    /** Expects the specified notification and returns the notification ID. */
+    private int expectNotification(TestNetworkAgentWrapper agent, NotificationType type) {
+        verify(mNotificationManager, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS)).notify(
+                eq(NetworkNotificationManager.tagFor(agent.getNetwork().netId)),
+                eq(type.eventId), any());
+        return type.eventId;
+    }
+
+    private void expectNoNotification(@NonNull final TestNetworkAgentWrapper agent) {
+        verify(mNotificationManager, never()).notifyAsUser(anyString(), anyInt(), any(), any());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Expects the specified notification happens when the unvalidated prompt message arrives
+     *
+     * @return the notification ID.
+     **/
+    private int expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotify(TestNetworkAgentWrapper agent,
+            NotificationType type) {
+        mService.scheduleEvaluationTimeout(agent.getNetwork(), 0 /* delayMs */);
+        waitForIdle();
+        return expectNotification(agent, type);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Expects that the notification for the specified network is cleared.
+     *
+     * This generally happens when the network disconnects or when the newtwork validates. During
+     * normal usage the notification is also cleared by the system when the notification is tapped.
+     */
+    private void expectClearNotification(TestNetworkAgentWrapper agent, NotificationType type) {
+        verify(mNotificationManager, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS)).cancel(
+                eq(NetworkNotificationManager.tagFor(agent.getNetwork().netId)), eq(type.eventId));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Expects that no notification happens when the unvalidated prompt message arrives
+     *
+     * @return the notification ID.
+     **/
+    private void expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotNotify(TestNetworkAgentWrapper agent) {
+        mService.scheduleEvaluationTimeout(agent.getNetwork(), 0 /*delayMs */);
+        waitForIdle();
+        expectNoNotification(agent);
+    }
+
+    private void expectDisconnectAndClearNotifications(TestNetworkCallback callback,
+            TestNetworkAgentWrapper agent, NotificationType type) {
+        callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, agent);
+        expectClearNotification(agent, type);
+    }
+
     private NativeNetworkConfig nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(int netId, int permission) {
         return new NativeNetworkConfig(netId, NativeNetworkType.PHYSICAL, permission,
                 /*secure=*/ false, VpnManager.TYPE_VPN_NONE, /*excludeLocalRoutes=*/ false);
@@ -3499,37 +3593,35 @@
         final NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
         final TestNetworkCallback callback = new TestNetworkCallback();
-        final AtomicReference<Network> wifiNetwork = new AtomicReference<>();
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
 
         // Expectations for state when various callbacks fire. These expectations run on the handler
         // thread and not on the test thread because they need to prevent the handler thread from
         // advancing while they examine state.
 
         // 1. When onCreated fires, netd has been told to create the network.
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setCreatedCallback(() -> {
+        final Consumer<NetworkAgent> onNetworkCreated = (agent) -> {
             eventOrder.offer("onNetworkCreated");
-            wifiNetwork.set(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork());
-            assertNotNull(wifiNetwork.get());
             try {
                 verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
-                        wifiNetwork.get().getNetId(), INetd.PERMISSION_NONE));
+                        agent.getNetwork().getNetId(), INetd.PERMISSION_NONE));
             } catch (RemoteException impossible) {
                 fail();
             }
-        });
+        };
 
         // 2. onNetworkUnwanted isn't precisely ordered with respect to any particular events. Just
         //    check that it is fired at some point after disconnect.
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setUnwantedCallback(() -> eventOrder.offer("onNetworkUnwanted"));
+        final Consumer<NetworkAgent> onNetworkUnwanted = (agent) -> {
+            eventOrder.offer("onNetworkUnwanted");
+        };
 
         // 3. While the teardown timer is running, connectivity APIs report the network is gone, but
         //    netd has not yet been told to destroy it.
-        final Runnable duringTeardown = () -> {
+        final Consumer<Network> duringTeardown = (network) -> {
             eventOrder.offer("timePasses");
-            assertNull(mCm.getLinkProperties(wifiNetwork.get()));
+            assertNull(mCm.getLinkProperties(network));
             try {
-                verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkDestroy(wifiNetwork.get().getNetId());
+                verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkDestroy(network.getNetId());
             } catch (RemoteException impossible) {
                 fail();
             }
@@ -3537,15 +3629,20 @@
 
         // 4. After onNetworkDisconnected is called, connectivity APIs report the network is gone,
         // and netd has been told to destroy it.
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setDisconnectedCallback(() -> {
+        final Consumer<NetworkAgent> onNetworkDisconnected = (agent) -> {
             eventOrder.offer("onNetworkDisconnected");
-            assertNull(mCm.getLinkProperties(wifiNetwork.get()));
+            assertNull(mCm.getLinkProperties(agent.getNetwork()));
             try {
-                verify(mMockNetd).networkDestroy(wifiNetwork.get().getNetId());
+                verify(mMockNetd).networkDestroy(agent.getNetwork().getNetId());
             } catch (RemoteException impossible) {
                 fail();
             }
-        });
+        };
+
+        final NetworkAgentWrapper.Callbacks callbacks = new NetworkAgentWrapper.Callbacks(
+                onNetworkCreated, onNetworkUnwanted, onNetworkDisconnected);
+
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI, callbacks);
 
         // Connect a network, and file a request for it after it has come up, to ensure the nascent
         // timer is cleared and the test does not have to wait for it. Filing the request after the
@@ -3567,7 +3664,7 @@
         // down the network and started the teardown timer, and short enough that the lambda is
         // scheduled to run before the teardown timer.
         final Handler h = new Handler(mCsHandlerThread.getLooper());
-        h.postDelayed(duringTeardown, 150);
+        h.postDelayed(() -> duringTeardown.accept(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork()), 150);
 
         // Disconnect the network and check that events happened in the right order.
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(callback);
@@ -3598,10 +3695,13 @@
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(false);
         callback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
-        // Cell Remains the default.
+        // Cell remains the default.
         assertEquals(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetwork());
 
-        // Lower wifi's score to below than cell, and check that it doesn't disconnect because
+        // Expect a high-priority NO_INTERNET notification.
+        expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotify(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.NO_INTERNET);
+
+        // Lower WiFi's score to lower than cell, and check that it doesn't disconnect because
         // it's explicitly selected.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.adjustScore(-40);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.adjustScore(40);
@@ -3615,18 +3715,26 @@
 
         // Disconnect wifi, and then reconnect, again with explicitlySelected=true.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
-        callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        expectDisconnectAndClearNotifications(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent,
+                NotificationType.NO_INTERNET);
+
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.explicitlySelected(true, false);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(false);
         callback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
+        // Expect a high-priority NO_INTERNET notification.
+        expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotify(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.NO_INTERNET);
+
         // If the user chooses no on the "No Internet access, stay connected?" dialog, we ask the
         // network to disconnect.
         mCm.setAcceptUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), false, false);
-        callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        expectDisconnectAndClearNotifications(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent,
+                NotificationType.NO_INTERNET);
+        reset(mNotificationManager);
 
         // Reconnect, again with explicitlySelected=true, but this time validate.
+        // Expect no notifications.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.explicitlySelected(true, false);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(true);
@@ -3634,6 +3742,7 @@
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOSING, mCellNetworkAgent);
         callback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetwork());
+        expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotNotify(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
         mEthernetNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET);
         mEthernetNetworkAgent.connect(true);
@@ -3656,16 +3765,19 @@
         assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetwork());
         mEthernetNetworkAgent.disconnect();
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mEthernetNetworkAgent);
+        expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotNotify(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
         // Disconnect and reconnect with explicitlySelected=false and acceptUnvalidated=true.
         // Check that the network is not scored specially and that the device prefers cell data.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.explicitlySelected(false, true);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(false);
         callback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         assertEquals(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetwork());
+        expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotNotify(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
         // Clean up.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
@@ -3675,6 +3787,63 @@
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mCellNetworkAgent);
     }
 
+    private void doTestFirstEvaluation(
+            @NonNull final Consumer<TestNetworkAgentWrapper> doConnect,
+            final boolean waitForSecondCaps,
+            final boolean evaluatedByValidation)
+            throws Exception {
+        final NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+                .build();
+        TestNetworkCallback callback = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(request, callback);
+
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        doConnect.accept(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        // Expect the available callbacks, but don't require specific values for their arguments
+        // since this method doesn't know how the network was connected.
+        callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.AVAILABLE, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LINK_PROPERTIES_CHANGED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.BLOCKED_STATUS, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        if (waitForSecondCaps) {
+            // This is necessary because of b/245893397, the same bug that happens where we use
+            // expectAvailableDoubleValidatedCallbacks.
+            callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        }
+        final NetworkAgentInfo nai =
+                mService.getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork());
+        final long firstEvaluation = nai.getFirstEvaluationConcludedTime();
+        if (evaluatedByValidation) {
+            assertNotEquals(0L, firstEvaluation);
+        } else {
+            assertEquals(0L, firstEvaluation);
+        }
+        mService.scheduleEvaluationTimeout(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), 0L /* timeout */);
+        waitForIdle();
+        if (evaluatedByValidation) {
+            assertEquals(firstEvaluation, nai.getFirstEvaluationConcludedTime());
+        } else {
+            assertNotEquals(0L, nai.getFirstEvaluationConcludedTime());
+        }
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(callback);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testEverEvaluated() throws Exception {
+        doTestFirstEvaluation(naw -> naw.connect(true /* validated */),
+                true /* waitForSecondCaps */, true /* immediatelyEvaluated */);
+        doTestFirstEvaluation(naw -> naw.connectWithPartialConnectivity(),
+                true /* waitForSecondCaps */, true /* immediatelyEvaluated */);
+        doTestFirstEvaluation(naw -> naw.connectWithCaptivePortal(TEST_REDIRECT_URL, false),
+                true /* waitForSecondCaps */, true /* immediatelyEvaluated */);
+        doTestFirstEvaluation(naw -> naw.connect(false /* validated */),
+                false /* waitForSecondCaps */, false /* immediatelyEvaluated */);
+    }
+
     private void tryNetworkFactoryRequests(int capability) throws Exception {
         // Verify NOT_RESTRICTED is set appropriately
         final NetworkCapabilities nc = new NetworkRequest.Builder().addCapability(capability)
@@ -4033,6 +4202,12 @@
         assertEquals(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetwork());
         callback.assertNoCallback();
 
+        // Expect a PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY notification. The notification appears as soon as partial
+        // connectivity is detected, and is low priority because the network was not explicitly
+        // selected by the user. This happens if we reconnect to a network where the user previously
+        // accepted partial connectivity without checking "always".
+        expectNotification(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY);
+
         // With HTTPS probe disabled, NetworkMonitor should pass the network validation with http
         // probe.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkPartialValid(false /* isStrictMode */);
@@ -4045,7 +4220,7 @@
         waitForIdle();
         verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor, times(1)).setAcceptPartialConnectivity();
 
-        // Need a trigger point to let NetworkMonitor tell ConnectivityService that network is
+        // Need a trigger point to let NetworkMonitor tell ConnectivityService that the network is
         // validated.
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), true);
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOSING, mCellNetworkAgent);
@@ -4054,9 +4229,13 @@
         assertTrue(nc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY));
         assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetwork());
 
+        // Once the network validates, the notification disappears.
+        expectClearNotification(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY);
+
         // Disconnect and reconnect wifi with partial connectivity again.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connectWithPartialConnectivity();
         callback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
@@ -4064,20 +4243,28 @@
 
         // Mobile data should be the default network.
         assertEquals(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetwork());
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        // Expect a low-priority PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY notification as soon as partial connectivity
+        // is detected.
+        expectNotification(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY);
 
         // If the user chooses no, disconnect wifi immediately.
-        mCm.setAcceptPartialConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), false/* accept */,
+        mCm.setAcceptPartialConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), false /* accept */,
                 false /* always */);
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        expectClearNotification(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY);
+        reset(mNotificationManager);
 
-        // If user accepted partial connectivity before, and device reconnects to that network
-        // again, but now the network has full connectivity. The network shouldn't contain
+        // If the user accepted partial connectivity before, and the device connects to that network
+        // again, but now the network has full connectivity, then the network shouldn't contain
         // NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         // acceptUnvalidated is also used as setting for accepting partial networks.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.explicitlySelected(true /* explicitlySelected */,
                 true /* acceptUnvalidated */);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotNotify(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
         // If user accepted partial connectivity network before,
         // NetworkMonitor#setAcceptPartialConnectivity() will be called in
@@ -4108,9 +4295,11 @@
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOSING, mCellNetworkAgent);
         assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetwork());
         callback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotNotify(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkValid(false /* isStrictMode */);
 
-        // Need a trigger point to let NetworkMonitor tell ConnectivityService that network is
+        // Need a trigger point to let NetworkMonitor tell ConnectivityService that the network is
         // validated.
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), true);
         callback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
@@ -4132,16 +4321,19 @@
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOSING, mCellNetworkAgent);
         callback.expectCapabilitiesWith(
                 NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY | NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotNotify(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNotificationManager);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testCaptivePortalOnPartialConnectivity() throws Exception {
-        final TestNetworkCallback captivePortalCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
-        final NetworkRequest captivePortalRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
-                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL).build();
-        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(captivePortalRequest, captivePortalCallback);
+        final TestNetworkCallback wifiCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final NetworkRequest wifiRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+                .build();
+        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(wifiRequest, wifiCallback);
 
         final TestNetworkCallback validatedCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         final NetworkRequest validatedRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
@@ -4153,21 +4345,28 @@
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         String redirectUrl = "http://android.com/path";
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connectWithCaptivePortal(redirectUrl, false /* isStrictMode */);
-        captivePortalCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        wifiCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.waitForRedirectUrl(), redirectUrl);
 
+        // This is necessary because of b/245893397, the same bug that happens where we use
+        // expectAvailableDoubleValidatedCallbacks.
+        // TODO : fix b/245893397 and remove this.
+        wifiCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+
         // Check that startCaptivePortalApp sends the expected command to NetworkMonitor.
         mCm.startCaptivePortalApp(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork());
         verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS).times(1))
                 .launchCaptivePortalApp();
 
         // Report that the captive portal is dismissed with partial connectivity, and check that
-        // callbacks are fired.
+        // callbacks are fired with PARTIAL and without CAPTIVE_PORTAL.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkPartial();
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), true);
         waitForIdle();
-        captivePortalCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY,
-                mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        wifiCallback.expectCapabilitiesThat(
+                mWiFiNetworkAgent, nc ->
+                nc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY)
+                && !nc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL));
 
         // Report partial connectivity is accepted.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkPartialValid(false /* isStrictMode */);
@@ -4175,13 +4374,12 @@
                 false /* always */);
         waitForIdle();
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), true);
-        captivePortalCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        wifiCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         validatedCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
-        NetworkCapabilities nc =
-                validatedCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY,
+        validatedCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY,
                 mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
-        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(captivePortalCallback);
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(wifiCallback);
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(validatedCallback);
     }
 
@@ -4264,6 +4462,11 @@
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(wifiNetwork, false);
         captivePortalCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         validatedCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        // This is necessary because of b/245893397, the same bug that happens where we use
+        // expectAvailableDoubleValidatedCallbacks.
+        // TODO : fix b/245893397 and remove this.
+        captivePortalCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED,
+                mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
         // Check that startCaptivePortalApp sends the expected command to NetworkMonitor.
         mCm.startCaptivePortalApp(wifiNetwork);
@@ -5433,6 +5636,24 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testActivelyPreferBadWifiSetting() throws Exception {
+        doReturn(1).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_activelyPreferBadWifi);
+        mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
+        waitForIdle();
+        assertTrue(mService.mNetworkRanker.getConfiguration().activelyPreferBadWifi());
+
+        doReturn(0).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_activelyPreferBadWifi);
+        mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
+        waitForIdle();
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastU()) {
+            // U+ ignore the setting and always actively prefers bad wifi
+            assertTrue(mService.mNetworkRanker.getConfiguration().activelyPreferBadWifi());
+        } else {
+            assertFalse(mService.mNetworkRanker.getConfiguration().activelyPreferBadWifi());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testOffersAvoidsBadWifi() throws Exception {
         // Normal mode : the carrier doesn't restrict moving away from bad wifi.
         // This has getAvoidBadWifi return true.
@@ -5549,6 +5770,52 @@
         wifiCallback.assertNoCallback();
     }
 
+    public void doTestPreferBadWifi(final boolean preferBadWifi) throws Exception {
+        // Pretend we're on a carrier that restricts switching away from bad wifi, and
+        // depending on the parameter one that may indeed prefer bad wifi.
+        doReturn(0).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi);
+        doReturn(preferBadWifi ? 1 : 0).when(mResources)
+                .getInteger(R.integer.config_activelyPreferBadWifi);
+        mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
+
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
+        final NetworkRequest wifiRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .clearCapabilities()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+                .build();
+        final TestableNetworkCallback wifiCallback = new TestableNetworkCallback();
+        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(wifiRequest, wifiCallback);
+
+        // Bring up validated cell and unvalidated wifi.
+        mCellNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(false);
+        wifiCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+
+        if (preferBadWifi) {
+            expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotify(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
+            mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        } else {
+            expectUnvalidationCheckWillNotNotify(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+            mDefaultNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPreferBadWifi_doNotPrefer() throws Exception {
+        // Starting with U this mode is no longer supported and can't actually be tested
+        assumeFalse(SdkLevel.isAtLeastU());
+        doTestPreferBadWifi(false /* preferBadWifi */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPreferBadWifi_doPrefer() throws Exception {
+        doTestPreferBadWifi(true /* preferBadWifi */);
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testAvoidBadWifi() throws Exception {
         final ContentResolver cr = mServiceContext.getContentResolver();
@@ -5572,7 +5839,8 @@
         TestNetworkCallback validatedWifiCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         mCm.registerNetworkCallback(validatedWifiRequest, validatedWifiCallback);
 
-        Settings.Global.putInt(cr, ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI, 0);
+        // Prompt mode, so notifications can be tested
+        Settings.Global.putString(cr, ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI, null);
         mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
 
         // Bring up validated cell.
@@ -5594,6 +5862,7 @@
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(wifiNetwork, false);
         defaultCallback.expectCapabilitiesWithout(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         validatedWifiCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        expectNotification(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
 
         // Because avoid bad wifi is off, we don't switch to cellular.
         defaultCallback.assertNoCallback();
@@ -5609,14 +5878,20 @@
         mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
         defaultCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
         assertEquals(mCm.getActiveNetwork(), cellNetwork);
+        expectClearNotification(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
 
         // Switch back to a restrictive carrier.
         doReturn(0).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi);
         mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
         defaultCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         assertEquals(mCm.getActiveNetwork(), wifiNetwork);
+        // A notification was already shown for this very network.
+        expectNoNotification(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
         // Simulate the user selecting "switch" on the dialog, and check that we switch to cell.
+        // In principle this is a little bit unrealistic because the switch to a less restrictive
+        // carrier above should have remove the notification but this doesn't matter for the
+        // purposes of this test.
         mCm.setAvoidUnvalidated(wifiNetwork);
         defaultCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
         assertFalse(mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(wifiNetwork).hasCapability(
@@ -5638,6 +5913,7 @@
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(wifiNetwork, false);
         defaultCallback.expectCapabilitiesWithout(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         validatedWifiCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        expectNotification(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
 
         // Simulate the user selecting "switch" and checking the don't ask again checkbox.
         Settings.Global.putInt(cr, ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI, 1);
@@ -5650,6 +5926,7 @@
         assertTrue(mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(cellNetwork).hasCapability(
                 NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED));
         assertEquals(mCm.getActiveNetwork(), cellNetwork);
+        expectClearNotification(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
 
         // Simulate the user turning the cellular fallback setting off and then on.
         // We switch to wifi and then to cell.
@@ -5657,6 +5934,9 @@
         mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
         defaultCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         assertEquals(mCm.getActiveNetwork(), wifiNetwork);
+        // Notification is cleared again because CS doesn't particularly remember that it has
+        // cleared it before, and if it hasn't cleared it before then it should do so now.
+        expectClearNotification(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
         Settings.Global.putInt(cr, ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI, 1);
         mPolicyTracker.reevaluate();
         defaultCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
@@ -5667,6 +5947,8 @@
         defaultCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mCellNetworkAgent);
         defaultCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         validatedWifiCallback.assertNoCallback();
+        // Notification is cleared yet again because the device switched to wifi.
+        expectClearNotification(mWiFiNetworkAgent, NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
 
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cellNetworkCallback);
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(validatedWifiCallback);
@@ -5851,7 +6133,7 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Validate the callback flow CBS request without carrier privilege.
+     * Validate the service throws if request with CBS but without carrier privilege.
      */
     @Test
     public void testCBSRequestWithoutCarrierPrivilege() throws Exception {
@@ -5860,10 +6142,8 @@
         final TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
 
         mServiceContext.setPermission(CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS, PERMISSION_DENIED);
-        // Now file the test request and expect it.
-        mCm.requestNetwork(nr, networkCallback);
-        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.UNAVAILABLE, (Network) null);
-        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
+        // Now file the test request and expect the service throws.
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mCm.requestNetwork(nr, networkCallback));
     }
 
     private static class TestKeepaliveCallback extends PacketKeepaliveCallback {
@@ -6147,7 +6427,7 @@
     }
 
     // Helper method to prepare the executor and run test
-    private void runTestWithSerialExecutors(ExceptionUtils.ThrowingConsumer<Executor> functor)
+    private void runTestWithSerialExecutors(ThrowingConsumer<Executor> functor)
             throws Exception {
         final ExecutorService executorSingleThread = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
         final Executor executorInline = (Runnable r) -> r.run();
@@ -7192,9 +7472,6 @@
     public void testBasicDnsConfigurationPushed() throws Exception {
         setPrivateDnsSettings(PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OPPORTUNISTIC, "ignored.example.com");
 
-        // Clear any interactions that occur as a result of CS starting up.
-        reset(mMockDnsResolver);
-
         mCellNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
         waitForIdle();
         verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).setResolverConfiguration(any());
@@ -7267,9 +7544,6 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testDnsConfigurationTransTypesPushed() throws Exception {
-        // Clear any interactions that occur as a result of CS starting up.
-        reset(mMockDnsResolver);
-
         final NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .clearCapabilities().addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
                 .build();
@@ -7328,9 +7602,6 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testPrivateDnsSettingsChange() throws Exception {
-        // Clear any interactions that occur as a result of CS starting up.
-        reset(mMockDnsResolver);
-
         // The default on Android is opportunistic mode ("Automatic").
         setPrivateDnsSettings(PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OPPORTUNISTIC, "ignored.example.com");
 
@@ -7939,7 +8210,8 @@
         // VPN networks do not satisfy the default request and are automatically validated
         // by NetworkMonitor
         assertFalse(NetworkMonitorUtils.isValidationRequired(
-                NetworkAgentConfigShimImpl.newInstance(mMockVpn.getNetworkAgentConfig()),
+                NetworkAgentConfigShimImpl.newInstance(mMockVpn.getNetworkAgentConfig())
+                        .isVpnValidationRequired(),
                 mMockVpn.getAgent().getNetworkCapabilities()));
         mMockVpn.getAgent().setNetworkValid(false /* isStrictMode */);
 
@@ -8090,7 +8362,8 @@
         assertTrue(nc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET));
 
         assertFalse(NetworkMonitorUtils.isValidationRequired(
-                NetworkAgentConfigShimImpl.newInstance(mMockVpn.getNetworkAgentConfig()),
+                NetworkAgentConfigShimImpl.newInstance(mMockVpn.getNetworkAgentConfig())
+                        .isVpnValidationRequired(),
                 mMockVpn.getAgent().getNetworkCapabilities()));
         assertTrue(NetworkMonitorUtils.isPrivateDnsValidationRequired(
                 mMockVpn.getAgent().getNetworkCapabilities()));
@@ -8419,12 +8692,8 @@
         doReturn(UserHandle.getUid(RESTRICTED_USER, VPN_UID)).when(mPackageManager)
                 .getPackageUidAsUser(ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, RESTRICTED_USER);
 
-        final Intent addedIntent = new Intent(ACTION_USER_ADDED);
-        addedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER, UserHandle.of(RESTRICTED_USER));
-        addedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, RESTRICTED_USER);
-
-        // Send a USER_ADDED broadcast for it.
-        processBroadcast(addedIntent);
+        // New user added
+        mMockVpn.onUserAdded(RESTRICTED_USER);
 
         // Expect that the VPN UID ranges contain both |uid| and the UID range for the newly-added
         // restricted user.
@@ -8448,11 +8717,8 @@
                 && caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN)
                 && !caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_WIFI));
 
-        // Send a USER_REMOVED broadcast and expect to lose the UID range for the restricted user.
-        final Intent removedIntent = new Intent(ACTION_USER_REMOVED);
-        removedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER, UserHandle.of(RESTRICTED_USER));
-        removedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, RESTRICTED_USER);
-        processBroadcast(removedIntent);
+        // User removed and expect to lose the UID range for the restricted user.
+        mMockVpn.onUserRemoved(RESTRICTED_USER);
 
         // Expect that the VPN gains the UID range for the restricted user, and that the capability
         // change made just before that (i.e., loss of TRANSPORT_WIFI) is preserved.
@@ -8491,8 +8757,7 @@
 
         // Enable always-on VPN lockdown. The main user loses network access because no VPN is up.
         final ArrayList<String> allowList = new ArrayList<>();
-        mVpnManagerService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(PRIMARY_USER, ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE,
-                true /* lockdown */, allowList);
+        mMockVpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, true /* lockdown */, allowList);
         waitForIdle();
         assertNull(mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(uid));
         // This is arguably overspecified: a UID that is not running doesn't have an active network.
@@ -8506,6 +8771,7 @@
         doReturn(asList(PRIMARY_USER_INFO, RESTRICTED_USER_INFO)).when(mUserManager)
                 .getAliveUsers();
         // TODO: check that VPN app within restricted profile still has access, etc.
+        mMockVpn.onUserAdded(RESTRICTED_USER);
         final Intent addedIntent = new Intent(ACTION_USER_ADDED);
         addedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER, UserHandle.of(RESTRICTED_USER));
         addedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, RESTRICTED_USER);
@@ -8517,6 +8783,7 @@
         doReturn(asList(PRIMARY_USER_INFO)).when(mUserManager).getAliveUsers();
 
         // Send a USER_REMOVED broadcast and expect to lose the UID range for the restricted user.
+        mMockVpn.onUserRemoved(RESTRICTED_USER);
         final Intent removedIntent = new Intent(ACTION_USER_REMOVED);
         removedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER, UserHandle.of(RESTRICTED_USER));
         removedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, RESTRICTED_USER);
@@ -8524,8 +8791,7 @@
         assertNull(mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(uid));
         assertNotNull(mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(restrictedUid));
 
-        mVpnManagerService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(PRIMARY_USER, null, false /* lockdown */,
-                allowList);
+        mMockVpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false /* lockdown */, allowList);
         waitForIdle();
     }
 
@@ -8731,7 +8997,7 @@
         final DetailedBlockedStatusCallback detailedCallback = new DetailedBlockedStatusCallback();
         mCm.registerNetworkCallback(cellRequest, detailedCallback);
 
-        mockUidNetworkingBlocked();
+        mockUidNetworkingBlocked(Process.myUid());
 
         mCellNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
         mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
@@ -8846,7 +9112,7 @@
     public void testNetworkBlockedStatusBeforeAndAfterConnect() throws Exception {
         final TestNetworkCallback defaultCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         mCm.registerDefaultNetworkCallback(defaultCallback);
-        mockUidNetworkingBlocked();
+        mockUidNetworkingBlocked(Process.myUid());
 
         // No Networkcallbacks invoked before any network is active.
         setBlockedReasonChanged(BLOCKED_REASON_BATTERY_SAVER);
@@ -8983,16 +9249,20 @@
                 new Handler(ConnectivityThread.getInstanceLooper()));
 
         final int uid = Process.myUid();
-        final int userId = UserHandle.getUserId(uid);
         final ArrayList<String> allowList = new ArrayList<>();
-        mVpnManagerService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, true /* lockdown */,
-                allowList);
+        mMockVpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, true /* lockdown */, allowList);
         waitForIdle();
 
-        UidRangeParcel firstHalf = new UidRangeParcel(1, VPN_UID - 1);
-        UidRangeParcel secondHalf = new UidRangeParcel(VPN_UID + 1, 99999);
+        final Set<Integer> excludedUids = new ArraySet<Integer>();
+        excludedUids.add(VPN_UID);
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            // On T onwards, the corresponding SDK sandbox UID should also be excluded
+            excludedUids.add(toSdkSandboxUid(VPN_UID));
+        }
+        final UidRangeParcel[] uidRangeParcels = uidRangeParcelsExcludingUids(
+                excludedUids.toArray(new Integer[0]));
         InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mMockNetd);
-        expectNetworkRejectNonSecureVpn(inOrder, true, firstHalf, secondHalf);
+        expectNetworkRejectNonSecureVpn(inOrder, true, uidRangeParcels);
 
         // Connect a network when lockdown is active, expect to see it blocked.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
@@ -9010,13 +9280,13 @@
         assertNetworkInfo(TYPE_WIFI, DetailedState.BLOCKED);
 
         // Disable lockdown, expect to see the network unblocked.
-        mVpnManagerService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, null, false /* lockdown */, allowList);
+        mMockVpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false /* lockdown */, allowList);
         callback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(false, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         defaultCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(false, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         vpnUidCallback.assertNoCallback();
         vpnUidDefaultCallback.assertNoCallback();
         vpnDefaultCallbackAsUid.assertNoCallback();
-        expectNetworkRejectNonSecureVpn(inOrder, false, firstHalf, secondHalf);
+        expectNetworkRejectNonSecureVpn(inOrder, false, uidRangeParcels);
         assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(VPN_UID));
         assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetwork());
         assertActiveNetworkInfo(TYPE_WIFI, DetailedState.CONNECTED);
@@ -9025,21 +9295,21 @@
 
         // Add our UID to the allowlist and re-enable lockdown, expect network is not blocked.
         allowList.add(TEST_PACKAGE_NAME);
-        mVpnManagerService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, true /* lockdown */,
-                allowList);
+        mMockVpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, true /* lockdown */, allowList);
         callback.assertNoCallback();
         defaultCallback.assertNoCallback();
         vpnUidCallback.assertNoCallback();
         vpnUidDefaultCallback.assertNoCallback();
         vpnDefaultCallbackAsUid.assertNoCallback();
 
-        // The following requires that the UID of this test package is greater than VPN_UID. This
-        // is always true in practice because a plain AOSP build with no apps installed has almost
-        // 200 packages installed.
-        final UidRangeParcel piece1 = new UidRangeParcel(1, VPN_UID - 1);
-        final UidRangeParcel piece2 = new UidRangeParcel(VPN_UID + 1, uid - 1);
-        final UidRangeParcel piece3 = new UidRangeParcel(uid + 1, 99999);
-        expectNetworkRejectNonSecureVpn(inOrder, true, piece1, piece2, piece3);
+        excludedUids.add(uid);
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            // On T onwards, the corresponding SDK sandbox UID should also be excluded
+            excludedUids.add(toSdkSandboxUid(uid));
+        }
+        final UidRangeParcel[] uidRangeParcelsAlsoExcludingUs = uidRangeParcelsExcludingUids(
+                excludedUids.toArray(new Integer[0]));
+        expectNetworkRejectNonSecureVpn(inOrder, true, uidRangeParcelsAlsoExcludingUs);
         assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetworkForUid(VPN_UID));
         assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetwork());
         assertActiveNetworkInfo(TYPE_WIFI, DetailedState.CONNECTED);
@@ -9063,14 +9333,13 @@
 
         // Disable lockdown, remove our UID from the allowlist, and re-enable lockdown.
         // Everything should now be blocked.
-        mVpnManagerService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, null, false /* lockdown */, allowList);
+        mMockVpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false /* lockdown */, allowList);
         waitForIdle();
-        expectNetworkRejectNonSecureVpn(inOrder, false, piece1, piece2, piece3);
+        expectNetworkRejectNonSecureVpn(inOrder, false, uidRangeParcelsAlsoExcludingUs);
         allowList.clear();
-        mVpnManagerService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, true /* lockdown */,
-                allowList);
+        mMockVpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, true /* lockdown */, allowList);
         waitForIdle();
-        expectNetworkRejectNonSecureVpn(inOrder, true, firstHalf, secondHalf);
+        expectNetworkRejectNonSecureVpn(inOrder, true, uidRangeParcels);
         defaultCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(true, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         assertBlockedCallbackInAnyOrder(callback, true, mWiFiNetworkAgent, mCellNetworkAgent);
         vpnUidCallback.assertNoCallback();
@@ -9083,7 +9352,7 @@
         assertNetworkInfo(TYPE_WIFI, DetailedState.BLOCKED);
 
         // Disable lockdown. Everything is unblocked.
-        mVpnManagerService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, null, false /* lockdown */, allowList);
+        mMockVpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false /* lockdown */, allowList);
         defaultCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(false, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         assertBlockedCallbackInAnyOrder(callback, false, mWiFiNetworkAgent, mCellNetworkAgent);
         vpnUidCallback.assertNoCallback();
@@ -9097,8 +9366,7 @@
 
         // Enable and disable an always-on VPN package without lockdown. Expect no changes.
         reset(mMockNetd);
-        mVpnManagerService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, false /* lockdown */,
-                allowList);
+        mMockVpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, false /* lockdown */, allowList);
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkRejectNonSecureVpn(anyBoolean(), any());
         callback.assertNoCallback();
         defaultCallback.assertNoCallback();
@@ -9111,7 +9379,7 @@
         assertNetworkInfo(TYPE_MOBILE, DetailedState.DISCONNECTED);
         assertNetworkInfo(TYPE_WIFI, DetailedState.CONNECTED);
 
-        mVpnManagerService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, null, false /* lockdown */, allowList);
+        mMockVpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false /* lockdown */, allowList);
         inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkRejectNonSecureVpn(anyBoolean(), any());
         callback.assertNoCallback();
         defaultCallback.assertNoCallback();
@@ -9125,8 +9393,7 @@
         assertNetworkInfo(TYPE_WIFI, DetailedState.CONNECTED);
 
         // Enable lockdown and connect a VPN. The VPN is not blocked.
-        mVpnManagerService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, true /* lockdown */,
-                allowList);
+        mMockVpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(ALWAYS_ON_PACKAGE, true /* lockdown */, allowList);
         defaultCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(true, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         assertBlockedCallbackInAnyOrder(callback, true, mWiFiNetworkAgent, mCellNetworkAgent);
         vpnUidCallback.assertNoCallback();
@@ -9212,7 +9479,7 @@
         doAsUid(Process.SYSTEM_UID, () -> mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(perUidCb));
     }
 
-    private void setupLegacyLockdownVpn() {
+    private VpnProfile setupLegacyLockdownVpn() {
         final String profileName = "testVpnProfile";
         final byte[] profileTag = profileName.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
         doReturn(profileTag).when(mVpnProfileStore).get(Credentials.LOCKDOWN_VPN);
@@ -9224,6 +9491,8 @@
         profile.type = VpnProfile.TYPE_IPSEC_XAUTH_PSK;
         final byte[] encodedProfile = profile.encode();
         doReturn(encodedProfile).when(mVpnProfileStore).get(Credentials.VPN + profileName);
+
+        return profile;
     }
 
     private void establishLegacyLockdownVpn(Network underlying) throws Exception {
@@ -9256,21 +9525,28 @@
                 new Handler(ConnectivityThread.getInstanceLooper()));
 
         // Pretend lockdown VPN was configured.
-        setupLegacyLockdownVpn();
+        final VpnProfile profile = setupLegacyLockdownVpn();
 
         // LockdownVpnTracker disables the Vpn teardown code and enables lockdown.
         // Check the VPN's state before it does so.
         assertTrue(mMockVpn.getEnableTeardown());
         assertFalse(mMockVpn.getLockdown());
 
-        // Send a USER_UNLOCKED broadcast so CS starts LockdownVpnTracker.
-        final int userId = UserHandle.getUserId(Process.myUid());
-        final Intent addedIntent = new Intent(ACTION_USER_UNLOCKED);
-        addedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER, UserHandle.of(userId));
-        addedIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, userId);
-        processBroadcast(addedIntent);
+        // VMSHandlerThread was used inside VpnManagerService and taken into LockDownVpnTracker.
+        // VpnManagerService was decoupled from this test but this handlerThread is still required
+        // in LockDownVpnTracker. Keep it until LockDownVpnTracker related verification is moved to
+        // its own test.
+        final HandlerThread VMSHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("TestVpnManagerService");
+        VMSHandlerThread.start();
 
+        // LockdownVpnTracker is created from VpnManagerService but VpnManagerService is decoupled
+        // from ConnectivityServiceTest. Create it directly to simulate LockdownVpnTracker is
+        // created.
+        // TODO: move LockdownVpnTracker related tests to its own test.
         // Lockdown VPN disables teardown and enables lockdown.
+        final LockdownVpnTracker lockdownVpnTracker = new LockdownVpnTracker(mServiceContext,
+                VMSHandlerThread.getThreadHandler(), mMockVpn, profile);
+        lockdownVpnTracker.init();
         assertFalse(mMockVpn.getEnableTeardown());
         assertTrue(mMockVpn.getLockdown());
 
@@ -9440,6 +9716,127 @@
         mMockVpn.expectStopVpnRunnerPrivileged();
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mMockVpn);
         b2.expectBroadcast();
+
+        VMSHandlerThread.quitSafely();
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+    public void testLockdownSetFirewallUidRule() throws Exception {
+        final Set<Range<Integer>> lockdownRange = UidRange.toIntRanges(Set.of(PRIMARY_UIDRANGE));
+        // Enable Lockdown
+        mCm.setRequireVpnForUids(true /* requireVpn */, lockdownRange);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        // Lockdown rule is set to apps uids
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps, times(3)).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(), eq(true) /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(APP1_UID, true /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(APP2_UID, true /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(VPN_UID, true /* add */);
+
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+        // Disable lockdown
+        mCm.setRequireVpnForUids(false /* requireVPN */, lockdownRange);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        // Lockdown rule is removed from apps uids
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps, times(3)).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(), eq(false) /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(APP1_UID, false /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(APP2_UID, false /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(VPN_UID, false /* add */);
+
+        // Interface rules are not changed by Lockdown mode enable/disable
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps, never()).addUidInterfaceRules(any(), any());
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps, never()).removeUidInterfaceRules(any());
+    }
+
+    private void doTestSetUidFirewallRule(final int chain, final int defaultRule) {
+        final int uid = 1001;
+        mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).setUidRule(chain, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+        mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).setUidRule(chain, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+        mCm.setUidFirewallRule(chain, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_DEFAULT);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).setUidRule(chain, uid, defaultRule);
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testSetUidFirewallRule() throws Exception {
+        doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
+        doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
+        doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
+        doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
+        doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
+        doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
+        doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
+        doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testSetFirewallChainEnabled() throws Exception {
+        final List<Integer> firewallChains = Arrays.asList(
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2,
+                FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3);
+        for (final int chain: firewallChains) {
+            mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, true /* enabled */);
+            verify(mBpfNetMaps).setChildChain(chain, true /* enable */);
+            reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+            mCm.setFirewallChainEnabled(chain, false /* enabled */);
+            verify(mBpfNetMaps).setChildChain(chain, false /* enable */);
+            reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void doTestReplaceFirewallChain(final int chain) {
+        final int[] uids = new int[] {1001, 1002};
+        mCm.replaceFirewallChain(chain, uids);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).replaceUidChain(chain, uids);
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testReplaceFirewallChain() {
+        doTestReplaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE);
+        doTestReplaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_STANDBY);
+        doTestReplaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_POWERSAVE);
+        doTestReplaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED);
+        doTestReplaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY);
+        doTestReplaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1);
+        doTestReplaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2);
+        doTestReplaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3);
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testInvalidFirewallChain() throws Exception {
+        final int uid = 1001;
+        final Class<IllegalArgumentException> expected = IllegalArgumentException.class;
+        assertThrows(expected,
+                () -> mCm.setUidFirewallRule(-1 /* chain */, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW));
+        assertThrows(expected,
+                () -> mCm.setUidFirewallRule(100 /* chain */, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW));
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testInvalidFirewallRule() throws Exception {
+        final Class<IllegalArgumentException> expected = IllegalArgumentException.class;
+        assertThrows(expected,
+                () -> mCm.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE,
+                        1001 /* uid */, -1 /* rule */));
+        assertThrows(expected,
+                () -> mCm.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE,
+                        1001 /* uid */, 100 /* rule */));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -9569,6 +9966,59 @@
         return event;
     }
 
+    private <T> T verifyWithOrder(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, @NonNull T t) {
+        if (inOrder != null) {
+            return inOrder.verify(t);
+        } else {
+            return verify(t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private <T> T verifyNeverWithOrder(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, @NonNull T t) {
+        if (inOrder != null) {
+            return inOrder.verify(t, never());
+        } else {
+            return verify(t, never());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void verifyClatdStart(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, @NonNull String iface, int netId,
+            @NonNull String nat64Prefix) throws Exception {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mClatCoordinator)
+                .clatStart(eq(iface), eq(netId), eq(new IpPrefix(nat64Prefix)));
+        } else {
+            verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mMockNetd).clatdStart(eq(iface), eq(nat64Prefix));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void verifyNeverClatdStart(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, @NonNull String iface)
+            throws Exception {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            verifyNeverWithOrder(inOrder, mClatCoordinator).clatStart(eq(iface), anyInt(), any());
+        } else {
+            verifyNeverWithOrder(inOrder, mMockNetd).clatdStart(eq(iface), anyString());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void verifyClatdStop(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, @NonNull String iface)
+            throws Exception {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mClatCoordinator).clatStop();
+        } else {
+            verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mMockNetd).clatdStop(eq(iface));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void verifyNeverClatdStop(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, @NonNull String iface)
+            throws Exception {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            verifyNeverWithOrder(inOrder, mClatCoordinator).clatStop();
+        } else {
+            verifyNeverWithOrder(inOrder, mMockNetd).clatdStop(eq(iface));
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testStackedLinkProperties() throws Exception {
         final LinkAddress myIpv4 = new LinkAddress("1.2.3.4/24");
@@ -9599,8 +10049,7 @@
         cellLp.addRoute(ipv6Default);
         cellLp.addRoute(ipv6Subnet);
         mCellNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, cellLp);
-        reset(mMockDnsResolver);
-        reset(mMockNetd);
+        reset(mClatCoordinator);
 
         // Connect with ipv6 link properties. Expect prefix discovery to be started.
         mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
@@ -9639,8 +10088,10 @@
                 && ri.iface != null && ri.iface.startsWith("v4-")));
 
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mMockNetd);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mClatCoordinator);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mMockDnsResolver);
         reset(mMockNetd);
+        reset(mClatCoordinator);
         reset(mMockDnsResolver);
         doReturn(getClatInterfaceConfigParcel(myIpv4)).when(mMockNetd)
                 .interfaceGetCfg(CLAT_MOBILE_IFNAME);
@@ -9661,7 +10112,7 @@
                 CallbackEntry.LINK_PROPERTIES_CHANGED, mCellNetworkAgent).getLp();
         assertEquals(0, lpBeforeClat.getStackedLinks().size());
         assertEquals(kNat64Prefix, lpBeforeClat.getNat64Prefix());
-        verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).clatdStart(MOBILE_IFNAME, kNat64Prefix.toString());
+        verifyClatdStart(null /* inOrder */, MOBILE_IFNAME, cellNetId, kNat64Prefix.toString());
 
         // Clat iface comes up. Expect stacked link to be added.
         clat.interfaceLinkStateChanged(CLAT_MOBILE_IFNAME, true);
@@ -9693,6 +10144,7 @@
                     new int[] { TRANSPORT_CELLULAR })));
         }
         reset(mMockNetd);
+        reset(mClatCoordinator);
         doReturn(getClatInterfaceConfigParcel(myIpv4)).when(mMockNetd)
                 .interfaceGetCfg(CLAT_MOBILE_IFNAME);
         // Change the NAT64 prefix without first removing it.
@@ -9701,11 +10153,12 @@
                 cellNetId, PREFIX_OPERATION_ADDED, kOtherNat64PrefixString, 96));
         networkCallback.expectLinkPropertiesThat(mCellNetworkAgent,
                 (lp) -> lp.getStackedLinks().size() == 0);
-        verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).clatdStop(MOBILE_IFNAME);
+        verifyClatdStop(null /* inOrder */, MOBILE_IFNAME);
         assertRoutesRemoved(cellNetId, stackedDefault);
         verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkRemoveInterface(cellNetId, CLAT_MOBILE_IFNAME);
 
-        verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).clatdStart(MOBILE_IFNAME, kOtherNat64Prefix.toString());
+        verifyClatdStart(null /* inOrder */, MOBILE_IFNAME, cellNetId,
+                kOtherNat64Prefix.toString());
         networkCallback.expectLinkPropertiesThat(mCellNetworkAgent,
                 (lp) -> lp.getNat64Prefix().equals(kOtherNat64Prefix));
         clat.interfaceLinkStateChanged(CLAT_MOBILE_IFNAME, true);
@@ -9714,6 +10167,7 @@
         assertRoutesAdded(cellNetId, stackedDefault);
         verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkAddInterface(cellNetId, CLAT_MOBILE_IFNAME);
         reset(mMockNetd);
+        reset(mClatCoordinator);
 
         // Add ipv4 address, expect that clatd and prefix discovery are stopped and stacked
         // linkproperties are cleaned up.
@@ -9722,7 +10176,7 @@
         mCellNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(cellLp);
         networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LINK_PROPERTIES_CHANGED, mCellNetworkAgent);
         assertRoutesAdded(cellNetId, ipv4Subnet);
-        verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).clatdStop(MOBILE_IFNAME);
+        verifyClatdStop(null /* inOrder */, MOBILE_IFNAME);
         verify(mMockDnsResolver, times(1)).stopPrefix64Discovery(cellNetId);
 
         // As soon as stop is called, the linkproperties lose the stacked interface.
@@ -9739,8 +10193,10 @@
         networkCallback.assertNoCallback();
         verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkRemoveInterface(cellNetId, CLAT_MOBILE_IFNAME);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mMockNetd);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mClatCoordinator);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mMockDnsResolver);
         reset(mMockNetd);
+        reset(mClatCoordinator);
         reset(mMockDnsResolver);
         doReturn(getClatInterfaceConfigParcel(myIpv4)).when(mMockNetd)
                 .interfaceGetCfg(CLAT_MOBILE_IFNAME);
@@ -9762,7 +10218,7 @@
         mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(makeNat64PrefixEvent(
                 cellNetId, PREFIX_OPERATION_ADDED, kNat64PrefixString, 96));
         networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LINK_PROPERTIES_CHANGED, mCellNetworkAgent);
-        verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).clatdStart(MOBILE_IFNAME, kNat64Prefix.toString());
+        verifyClatdStart(null /* inOrder */, MOBILE_IFNAME, cellNetId, kNat64Prefix.toString());
 
         // Clat iface comes up. Expect stacked link to be added.
         clat.interfaceLinkStateChanged(CLAT_MOBILE_IFNAME, true);
@@ -9779,7 +10235,7 @@
         assertRoutesRemoved(cellNetId, ipv4Subnet, stackedDefault);
 
         // Stop has no effect because clat is already stopped.
-        verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).clatdStop(MOBILE_IFNAME);
+        verifyClatdStop(null /* inOrder */, MOBILE_IFNAME);
         networkCallback.expectLinkPropertiesThat(mCellNetworkAgent,
                 (lp) -> lp.getStackedLinks().size() == 0);
         verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).networkRemoveInterface(cellNetId, CLAT_MOBILE_IFNAME);
@@ -9792,7 +10248,9 @@
                 eq(Integer.toString(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)));
         verify(mMockNetd).networkDestroy(cellNetId);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mMockNetd);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mClatCoordinator);
         reset(mMockNetd);
+        reset(mClatCoordinator);
 
         // Test disconnecting a network that is running 464xlat.
 
@@ -9809,7 +10267,7 @@
         assertRoutesAdded(cellNetId, ipv6Subnet, ipv6Default);
 
         // Clatd is started and clat iface comes up. Expect stacked link to be added.
-        verify(mMockNetd).clatdStart(MOBILE_IFNAME, kNat64Prefix.toString());
+        verifyClatdStart(null /* inOrder */, MOBILE_IFNAME, cellNetId, kNat64Prefix.toString());
         clat = getNat464Xlat(mCellNetworkAgent);
         clat.interfaceLinkStateChanged(CLAT_MOBILE_IFNAME, true /* up */);
         networkCallback.expectLinkPropertiesThat(mCellNetworkAgent,
@@ -9819,16 +10277,18 @@
         // assertRoutesAdded sees all calls since last mMockNetd reset, so expect IPv6 routes again.
         assertRoutesAdded(cellNetId, ipv6Subnet, ipv6Default, stackedDefault);
         reset(mMockNetd);
+        reset(mClatCoordinator);
 
         // Disconnect the network. clat is stopped and the network is destroyed.
         mCellNetworkAgent.disconnect();
         networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mCellNetworkAgent);
         networkCallback.assertNoCallback();
-        verify(mMockNetd).clatdStop(MOBILE_IFNAME);
+        verifyClatdStop(null /* inOrder */, MOBILE_IFNAME);
         verify(mMockNetd).idletimerRemoveInterface(eq(MOBILE_IFNAME), anyInt(),
                 eq(Integer.toString(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)));
         verify(mMockNetd).networkDestroy(cellNetId);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mMockNetd);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mClatCoordinator);
 
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
     }
@@ -9859,7 +10319,7 @@
         baseLp.addDnsServer(InetAddress.getByName("2001:4860:4860::6464"));
 
         reset(mMockNetd, mMockDnsResolver);
-        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mMockNetd, mMockDnsResolver);
+        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mMockNetd, mMockDnsResolver, mClatCoordinator);
 
         // If a network already has a NAT64 prefix on connect, clatd is started immediately and
         // prefix discovery is never started.
@@ -9870,7 +10330,7 @@
         final Network network = mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork();
         int netId = network.getNetId();
         callback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStart(iface, pref64FromRa.toString());
+        verifyClatdStart(inOrder, iface, netId, pref64FromRa.toString());
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).setPrefix64(netId, pref64FromRa.toString());
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         callback.assertNoCallback();
@@ -9880,7 +10340,7 @@
         lp.setNat64Prefix(null);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
         expectNat64PrefixChange(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent, null);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStop(iface);
+        verifyClatdStop(inOrder, iface);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).setPrefix64(netId, "");
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
 
@@ -9889,7 +10349,7 @@
         lp.setNat64Prefix(pref64FromRa);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
         expectNat64PrefixChange(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent, pref64FromRa);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStart(iface, pref64FromRa.toString());
+        verifyClatdStart(inOrder, iface, netId, pref64FromRa.toString());
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).stopPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).setPrefix64(netId, pref64FromRa.toString());
 
@@ -9898,22 +10358,22 @@
         lp.setNat64Prefix(null);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
         expectNat64PrefixChange(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent, null);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStop(iface);
+        verifyClatdStop(inOrder, iface);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).setPrefix64(netId, "");
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
 
         mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(
                 makeNat64PrefixEvent(netId, PREFIX_OPERATION_ADDED, pref64FromDnsStr, 96));
         expectNat64PrefixChange(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent, pref64FromDns);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStart(iface, pref64FromDns.toString());
+        verifyClatdStart(inOrder, iface, netId, pref64FromDns.toString());
 
         // If an RA advertises the same prefix that was discovered by DNS, nothing happens: prefix
         // discovery is not stopped, and there are no callbacks.
         lp.setNat64Prefix(pref64FromDns);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
         callback.assertNoCallback();
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).clatdStop(iface);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).clatdStart(eq(iface), anyString());
+        verifyNeverClatdStop(inOrder, iface);
+        verifyNeverClatdStart(inOrder, iface);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).stopPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).setPrefix64(eq(netId), anyString());
@@ -9922,8 +10382,8 @@
         lp.setNat64Prefix(null);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
         callback.assertNoCallback();
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).clatdStop(iface);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).clatdStart(eq(iface), anyString());
+        verifyNeverClatdStop(inOrder, iface);
+        verifyNeverClatdStart(inOrder, iface);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).stopPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).setPrefix64(eq(netId), anyString());
@@ -9932,14 +10392,14 @@
         lp.setNat64Prefix(pref64FromRa);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
         expectNat64PrefixChange(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent, pref64FromRa);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStop(iface);
+        verifyClatdStop(inOrder, iface);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).stopPrefix64Discovery(netId);
 
         // Stopping prefix discovery results in a prefix removed notification.
         mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(
                 makeNat64PrefixEvent(netId, PREFIX_OPERATION_REMOVED, pref64FromDnsStr, 96));
 
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStart(iface, pref64FromRa.toString());
+        verifyClatdStart(inOrder, iface, netId, pref64FromRa.toString());
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).setPrefix64(netId, pref64FromRa.toString());
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
 
@@ -9947,9 +10407,9 @@
         lp.setNat64Prefix(newPref64FromRa);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
         expectNat64PrefixChange(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent, newPref64FromRa);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStop(iface);
+        verifyClatdStop(inOrder, iface);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).setPrefix64(netId, "");
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStart(iface, newPref64FromRa.toString());
+        verifyClatdStart(inOrder, iface, netId, newPref64FromRa.toString());
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).setPrefix64(netId, newPref64FromRa.toString());
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).stopPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
@@ -9959,8 +10419,8 @@
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
         callback.assertNoCallback();
         assertEquals(newPref64FromRa, mCm.getLinkProperties(network).getNat64Prefix());
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).clatdStop(iface);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).clatdStart(eq(iface), anyString());
+        verifyNeverClatdStop(inOrder, iface);
+        verifyNeverClatdStart(inOrder, iface);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).stopPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).setPrefix64(eq(netId), anyString());
@@ -9972,20 +10432,20 @@
         lp.setNat64Prefix(null);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
         expectNat64PrefixChange(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent, null);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStop(iface);
+        verifyClatdStop(inOrder, iface);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).setPrefix64(netId, "");
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         mService.mResolverUnsolEventCallback.onNat64PrefixEvent(
                 makeNat64PrefixEvent(netId, PREFIX_OPERATION_ADDED, pref64FromDnsStr, 96));
         expectNat64PrefixChange(callback, mWiFiNetworkAgent, pref64FromDns);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStart(iface, pref64FromDns.toString());
+        verifyClatdStart(inOrder, iface, netId, pref64FromDns.toString());
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).setPrefix64(eq(netId), any());
 
         lp.setNat64Prefix(pref64FromDns);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
         callback.assertNoCallback();
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).clatdStop(iface);
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd, never()).clatdStart(eq(iface), anyString());
+        verifyNeverClatdStop(inOrder, iface);
+        verifyNeverClatdStart(inOrder, iface);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).stopPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).startPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).setPrefix64(eq(netId), anyString());
@@ -9998,7 +10458,7 @@
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         b.expectBroadcast();
 
-        inOrder.verify(mMockNetd).clatdStop(iface);
+        verifyClatdStop(inOrder, iface);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver).stopPrefix64Discovery(netId);
         inOrder.verify(mMockDnsResolver, never()).setPrefix64(eq(netId), anyString());
 
@@ -10248,7 +10708,7 @@
         verify(mBpfNetMaps, times(2)).addUidInterfaceRules(eq("tun0"), uidCaptor.capture());
         assertContainsExactly(uidCaptor.getAllValues().get(0), APP1_UID, APP2_UID);
         assertContainsExactly(uidCaptor.getAllValues().get(1), APP1_UID, APP2_UID);
-        assertTrue(mService.mPermissionMonitor.getVpnUidRanges("tun0").equals(vpnRange));
+        assertTrue(mService.mPermissionMonitor.getVpnInterfaceUidRanges("tun0").equals(vpnRange));
 
         mMockVpn.disconnect();
         waitForIdle();
@@ -10256,38 +10716,70 @@
         // Disconnected VPN should have interface rules removed
         verify(mBpfNetMaps).removeUidInterfaceRules(uidCaptor.capture());
         assertContainsExactly(uidCaptor.getValue(), APP1_UID, APP2_UID);
-        assertNull(mService.mPermissionMonitor.getVpnUidRanges("tun0"));
+        assertNull(mService.mPermissionMonitor.getVpnInterfaceUidRanges("tun0"));
+    }
+
+    private void checkInterfaceFilteringRuleWithNullInterface(final LinkProperties lp,
+            final int uid) throws Exception {
+        // The uid range needs to cover the test app so the network is visible to it.
+        final Set<UidRange> vpnRange = Collections.singleton(PRIMARY_UIDRANGE);
+        mMockVpn.establish(lp, uid, vpnRange);
+        assertVpnUidRangesUpdated(true, vpnRange, uid);
+
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            // On T and above, VPN should have rules for null interface. Null Interface is a
+            // wildcard and this accepts traffic from all the interfaces.
+            // There are two expected invocations, one during the VPN initial
+            // connection, one during the VPN LinkProperties update.
+            ArgumentCaptor<int[]> uidCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(int[].class);
+            verify(mBpfNetMaps, times(2)).addUidInterfaceRules(
+                    eq(null) /* iface */, uidCaptor.capture());
+            if (uid == VPN_UID) {
+                assertContainsExactly(uidCaptor.getAllValues().get(0), APP1_UID, APP2_UID);
+                assertContainsExactly(uidCaptor.getAllValues().get(1), APP1_UID, APP2_UID);
+            } else {
+                assertContainsExactly(uidCaptor.getAllValues().get(0), APP1_UID, APP2_UID, VPN_UID);
+                assertContainsExactly(uidCaptor.getAllValues().get(1), APP1_UID, APP2_UID, VPN_UID);
+            }
+            assertEquals(mService.mPermissionMonitor.getVpnInterfaceUidRanges(null /* iface */),
+                    vpnRange);
+
+            mMockVpn.disconnect();
+            waitForIdle();
+
+            // Disconnected VPN should have interface rules removed
+            verify(mBpfNetMaps).removeUidInterfaceRules(uidCaptor.capture());
+            if (uid == VPN_UID) {
+                assertContainsExactly(uidCaptor.getValue(), APP1_UID, APP2_UID);
+            } else {
+                assertContainsExactly(uidCaptor.getValue(), APP1_UID, APP2_UID, VPN_UID);
+            }
+            assertNull(mService.mPermissionMonitor.getVpnInterfaceUidRanges(null /* iface */));
+        } else {
+            // Before T, rules are not configured for null interface.
+            verify(mBpfNetMaps, never()).addUidInterfaceRules(any(), any());
+        }
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testLegacyVpnDoesNotResultInInterfaceFilteringRule() throws Exception {
+    public void testLegacyVpnInterfaceFilteringRule() throws Exception {
         LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
         lp.setInterfaceName("tun0");
         lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(Inet6Address.ANY, 0), null));
         lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(Inet4Address.ANY, 0), null));
-        // The uid range needs to cover the test app so the network is visible to it.
-        final Set<UidRange> vpnRange = Collections.singleton(PRIMARY_UIDRANGE);
-        mMockVpn.establish(lp, Process.SYSTEM_UID, vpnRange);
-        assertVpnUidRangesUpdated(true, vpnRange, Process.SYSTEM_UID);
-
-        // Legacy VPN should not have interface rules set up
-        verify(mBpfNetMaps, never()).addUidInterfaceRules(any(), any());
+        // Legacy VPN should have interface filtering with null interface.
+        checkInterfaceFilteringRuleWithNullInterface(lp, Process.SYSTEM_UID);
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testLocalIpv4OnlyVpnDoesNotResultInInterfaceFilteringRule()
-            throws Exception {
+    public void testLocalIpv4OnlyVpnInterfaceFilteringRule() throws Exception {
         LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
         lp.setInterfaceName("tun0");
         lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix("192.0.2.0/24"), null, "tun0"));
         lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(Inet6Address.ANY, 0), RTN_UNREACHABLE));
-        // The uid range needs to cover the test app so the network is visible to it.
-        final Set<UidRange> vpnRange = Collections.singleton(PRIMARY_UIDRANGE);
-        mMockVpn.establish(lp, Process.SYSTEM_UID, vpnRange);
-        assertVpnUidRangesUpdated(true, vpnRange, Process.SYSTEM_UID);
-
-        // IPv6 unreachable route should not be misinterpreted as a default route
-        verify(mBpfNetMaps, never()).addUidInterfaceRules(any(), any());
+        // VPN that does not provide a default route should have interface filtering with null
+        // interface.
+        checkInterfaceFilteringRuleWithNullInterface(lp, VPN_UID);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -10343,19 +10835,6 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testStartVpnProfileFromDiffPackage() throws Exception {
-        final String notMyVpnPkg = "com.not.my.vpn";
-        assertThrows(
-                SecurityException.class, () -> mVpnManagerService.startVpnProfile(notMyVpnPkg));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testStopVpnProfileFromDiffPackage() throws Exception {
-        final String notMyVpnPkg = "com.not.my.vpn";
-        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mVpnManagerService.stopVpnProfile(notMyVpnPkg));
-    }
-
-    @Test
     public void testUidUpdateChangesInterfaceFilteringRule() throws Exception {
         LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
         lp.setInterfaceName("tun0");
@@ -11492,6 +11971,12 @@
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
     }
 
+    private void verifyDump(String[] args) {
+        final StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
+        mService.dump(new FileDescriptor(), new PrintWriter(stringWriter), args);
+        assertFalse(stringWriter.toString().isEmpty());
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testDumpDoesNotCrash() {
         mServiceContext.setPermission(DUMP, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
@@ -11504,11 +11989,26 @@
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
         mCm.registerNetworkCallback(genericRequest, genericNetworkCallback);
         mCm.registerNetworkCallback(wifiRequest, wifiNetworkCallback);
-        final StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
 
-        mService.dump(new FileDescriptor(), new PrintWriter(stringWriter), new String[0]);
+        verifyDump(new String[0]);
 
-        assertFalse(stringWriter.toString().isEmpty());
+        // Verify dump with arguments.
+        final String dumpPrio = "--dump-priority";
+        final String[] dumpArgs = {dumpPrio};
+        verifyDump(dumpArgs);
+
+        final String[] highDumpArgs = {dumpPrio, "HIGH"};
+        verifyDump(highDumpArgs);
+
+        final String[] normalDumpArgs = {dumpPrio, "NORMAL"};
+        verifyDump(normalDumpArgs);
+
+        // Invalid args should do dumpNormal w/o exception
+        final String[] unknownDumpArgs = {dumpPrio, "UNKNOWN"};
+        verifyDump(unknownDumpArgs);
+
+        final String[] invalidDumpArgs = {"UNKNOWN"};
+        verifyDump(invalidDumpArgs);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -11852,16 +12352,14 @@
         mQosCallbackMockHelper.registerQosCallback(
                 mQosCallbackMockHelper.mFilter, mQosCallbackMockHelper.mCallback);
 
-        final NetworkAgentWrapper.CallbackType.OnQosCallbackRegister cbRegister1 =
-                (NetworkAgentWrapper.CallbackType.OnQosCallbackRegister)
-                        wrapper.getCallbackHistory().poll(1000, x -> true);
+        final OnQosCallbackRegister cbRegister1 =
+                (OnQosCallbackRegister) wrapper.getCallbackHistory().poll(1000, x -> true);
         assertNotNull(cbRegister1);
 
         final int registerCallbackId = cbRegister1.mQosCallbackId;
         mService.unregisterQosCallback(mQosCallbackMockHelper.mCallback);
-        final NetworkAgentWrapper.CallbackType.OnQosCallbackUnregister cbUnregister;
-        cbUnregister = (NetworkAgentWrapper.CallbackType.OnQosCallbackUnregister)
-                wrapper.getCallbackHistory().poll(1000, x -> true);
+        final OnQosCallbackUnregister cbUnregister =
+                (OnQosCallbackUnregister) wrapper.getCallbackHistory().poll(1000, x -> true);
         assertNotNull(cbUnregister);
         assertEquals(registerCallbackId, cbUnregister.mQosCallbackId);
         assertNull(wrapper.getCallbackHistory().poll(200, x -> true));
@@ -11940,6 +12438,86 @@
                         && session.getSessionType() == QosSession.TYPE_NR_BEARER));
     }
 
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testQosCallbackAvailableOnValidationError() throws Exception {
+        mQosCallbackMockHelper = new QosCallbackMockHelper();
+        final NetworkAgentWrapper wrapper = mQosCallbackMockHelper.mAgentWrapper;
+        final int sessionId = 10;
+        final int qosCallbackId = 1;
+
+        doReturn(QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_NONE)
+                .when(mQosCallbackMockHelper.mFilter).validate();
+        mQosCallbackMockHelper.registerQosCallback(
+                mQosCallbackMockHelper.mFilter, mQosCallbackMockHelper.mCallback);
+        OnQosCallbackRegister cbRegister1 =
+                (OnQosCallbackRegister) wrapper.getCallbackHistory().poll(1000, x -> true);
+        assertNotNull(cbRegister1);
+        final int registerCallbackId = cbRegister1.mQosCallbackId;
+
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        doReturn(QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED)
+                .when(mQosCallbackMockHelper.mFilter).validate();
+        final EpsBearerQosSessionAttributes attributes = new EpsBearerQosSessionAttributes(
+                1, 2, 3, 4, 5, new ArrayList<>());
+        mQosCallbackMockHelper.mAgentWrapper.getNetworkAgent()
+                .sendQosSessionAvailable(qosCallbackId, sessionId, attributes);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        final NetworkAgentWrapper.CallbackType.OnQosCallbackUnregister cbUnregister;
+        cbUnregister = (NetworkAgentWrapper.CallbackType.OnQosCallbackUnregister)
+                wrapper.getCallbackHistory().poll(1000, x -> true);
+        assertNotNull(cbUnregister);
+        assertEquals(registerCallbackId, cbUnregister.mQosCallbackId);
+        waitForIdle();
+        verify(mQosCallbackMockHelper.mCallback)
+                .onError(eq(QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED));
+    }
+
+    @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    public void testQosCallbackLostOnValidationError() throws Exception {
+        mQosCallbackMockHelper = new QosCallbackMockHelper();
+        final int sessionId = 10;
+        final int qosCallbackId = 1;
+
+        doReturn(QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_NONE)
+                .when(mQosCallbackMockHelper.mFilter).validate();
+        mQosCallbackMockHelper.registerQosCallback(
+                mQosCallbackMockHelper.mFilter, mQosCallbackMockHelper.mCallback);
+        waitForIdle();
+        EpsBearerQosSessionAttributes attributes =
+                sendQosSessionEvent(qosCallbackId, sessionId, true);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        verify(mQosCallbackMockHelper.mCallback).onQosEpsBearerSessionAvailable(argThat(session ->
+                session.getSessionId() == sessionId
+                        && session.getSessionType() == QosSession.TYPE_EPS_BEARER), eq(attributes));
+
+        doReturn(QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED)
+                .when(mQosCallbackMockHelper.mFilter).validate();
+
+        sendQosSessionEvent(qosCallbackId, sessionId, false);
+        waitForIdle();
+        verify(mQosCallbackMockHelper.mCallback)
+                .onError(eq(QosCallbackException.EX_TYPE_FILTER_SOCKET_REMOTE_ADDRESS_CHANGED));
+    }
+
+    private EpsBearerQosSessionAttributes sendQosSessionEvent(
+            int qosCallbackId, int sessionId, boolean available) {
+        if (available) {
+            final EpsBearerQosSessionAttributes attributes = new EpsBearerQosSessionAttributes(
+                    1, 2, 3, 4, 5, new ArrayList<>());
+            mQosCallbackMockHelper.mAgentWrapper.getNetworkAgent()
+                    .sendQosSessionAvailable(qosCallbackId, sessionId, attributes);
+            return attributes;
+        } else {
+            mQosCallbackMockHelper.mAgentWrapper.getNetworkAgent()
+                    .sendQosSessionLost(qosCallbackId, sessionId, QosSession.TYPE_EPS_BEARER);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testQosCallbackTooManyRequests() throws Exception {
         mQosCallbackMockHelper = new QosCallbackMockHelper();
@@ -12474,6 +13052,12 @@
         if (null != mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback2) {
             mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback2);
         }
+        mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback = null;
+        mDefaultNetworkCallback = null;
+        mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback = null;
+        mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback = null;
+        mProfileDefaultNetworkCallbackAsAppUid2 = null;
+        mTestPackageDefaultNetworkCallback2 = null;
     }
 
     private void setupMultipleDefaultNetworksForOemNetworkPreferenceNotCurrentUidTest(
@@ -13987,7 +14571,7 @@
      * Make sure per profile network preferences behave as expected for a given
      * profile network preference.
      */
-    public void testPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
+    private void doTestPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
             ProfileNetworkPreference profileNetworkPreference,
             boolean connectWorkProfileAgentAhead,
             UserHandle testHandle,
@@ -14231,7 +14815,7 @@
                 new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreference(PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE);
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
-        testPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
+        doTestPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
                 profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build(), false,
                 testHandle, mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback, null);
     }
@@ -14250,7 +14834,7 @@
                 PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE_NO_FALLBACK);
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
         registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
-        testPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
+        doTestPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
                 profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build(), false,
                 testHandle, mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback, null);
     }
@@ -14271,7 +14855,7 @@
                 PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE_NO_FALLBACK);
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
         registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
-        testPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
+        doTestPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
                 profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build(), true, testHandle,
                 mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback, null);
     }
@@ -14290,7 +14874,7 @@
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setIncludedUids(
                 new int[]{testHandle.getUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID)});
         registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
-        testPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
+        doTestPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
                 profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build(), false, testHandle,
                 mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback, null);
     }
@@ -14309,7 +14893,7 @@
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setIncludedUids(
                 new int[]{testHandle.getUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID_2)});
         registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
-        testPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
+        doTestPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
                 profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build(), false,
                 testHandle, mProfileDefaultNetworkCallbackAsAppUid2, null);
     }
@@ -14328,7 +14912,7 @@
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setExcludedUids(
                 new int[]{testHandle.getUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_APP_UID_2)});
         registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
-        testPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
+        doTestPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
                 profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build(), false,
                 testHandle, mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback,
                 mProfileDefaultNetworkCallbackAsAppUid2);
@@ -14424,7 +15008,7 @@
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreference(PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE);
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
         registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
-        testPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
+        doTestPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
                 profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build(), true,
                 testHandle, mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback,
                 null);
@@ -14444,7 +15028,7 @@
                 PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE_NO_FALLBACK);
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
         registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
-        testPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
+        doTestPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
                 profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build(), true,
                 testHandle, mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback,
                 null);
@@ -14463,9 +15047,9 @@
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreference(
                 PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE_NO_FALLBACK);
         profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(
-                NetworkCapabilities.NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_2);
+                NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_2);
         registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
-        testPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
+        doTestPreferenceForUserNetworkUpDownForGivenPreference(
                 profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build(), true,
                 testHandle, mProfileDefaultNetworkCallback, null);
     }
@@ -14488,6 +15072,393 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Make sure per-profile networking preference throws exception when default preference
+     * is set along with enterprise preference.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testPreferenceWithInvalidPreferenceDefaultAndEnterpriseTogether()
+            throws Exception {
+        final UserHandle testHandle = setupEnterpriseNetwork();
+        mServiceContext.setWorkProfile(testHandle, true);
+
+        final int testWorkProfileAppUid1 =
+                UserHandle.getUid(testHandle.getIdentifier(), TEST_APP_ID);
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1 =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.setPreference(PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.setIncludedUids(new int[]{testWorkProfileAppUid1});
+
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2 =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.setPreference(PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_DEFAULT);
+        final TestOnCompleteListener listener = new TestOnCompleteListener();
+        Assert.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> mCm.setProfileNetworkPreferences(
+                        testHandle, List.of(profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.build(),
+                                profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.build()),
+                        r -> r.run(), listener));
+        Assert.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class,
+                () -> mCm.setProfileNetworkPreferences(
+                        testHandle, List.of(profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.build(),
+                                profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.build()),
+                        r -> r.run(), listener));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Make sure per profile network preferences behave as expected when two slices with
+     * two different apps within same user profile is configured
+     * Make sure per profile network preferences overrides with latest preference when
+     * same user preference is set twice
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSetPreferenceWithOverridingPreference()
+            throws Exception {
+        final InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mMockNetd);
+        final UserHandle testHandle = setupEnterpriseNetwork();
+        mServiceContext.setWorkProfile(testHandle, true);
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
+
+        final TestNetworkCallback appCb1 = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final TestNetworkCallback appCb2 = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final TestNetworkCallback appCb3 = new TestNetworkCallback();
+
+        final int testWorkProfileAppUid1 =
+                UserHandle.getUid(testHandle.getIdentifier(), TEST_APP_ID);
+        final int testWorkProfileAppUid2 =
+                UserHandle.getUid(testHandle.getIdentifier(), TEST_APP_ID_2);
+        final int testWorkProfileAppUid3 =
+                UserHandle.getUid(testHandle.getIdentifier(), TEST_APP_ID_3);
+
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbackAsUid(appCb1, testWorkProfileAppUid1);
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbackAsUid(appCb2, testWorkProfileAppUid2);
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbackAsUid(appCb3, testWorkProfileAppUid3);
+
+        // Connect both a regular cell agent and an enterprise network first.
+        mCellNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+
+        final TestNetworkAgentWrapper workAgent1 = makeEnterpriseNetworkAgent(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
+        final TestNetworkAgentWrapper workAgent2 = makeEnterpriseNetworkAgent(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_2);
+        workAgent1.connect(true);
+        workAgent2.connect(true);
+
+        mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        appCb1.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        appCb2.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        appCb3.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
+                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_NONE));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
+                workAgent1.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
+                workAgent2.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM));
+
+        final TestOnCompleteListener listener = new TestOnCompleteListener();
+
+        // Set preferences for testHandle to map testWorkProfileAppUid1 to
+        // NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1 and testWorkProfileAppUid2 to NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_2.
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1 =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.setPreference(PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.setIncludedUids(new int[]{testWorkProfileAppUid1});
+
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2 =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.setPreference(PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_2);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.setIncludedUids(new int[]{testWorkProfileAppUid2});
+
+        mCm.setProfileNetworkPreferences(testHandle,
+                List.of(profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.build(),
+                        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.build()),
+                r -> r.run(), listener);
+        listener.expectOnComplete();
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                workAgent2.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                workAgent1.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+
+        assertNoCallbacks(mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback, mDefaultNetworkCallback);
+        appCb1.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent1);
+        appCb2.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent2);
+
+        // Set preferences for testHandle to map testWorkProfileAppUid3 to
+        // to NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1.
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3 =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.setPreference(PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.setIncludedUids(new int[]{testWorkProfileAppUid3});
+
+        mCm.setProfileNetworkPreferences(testHandle,
+                List.of(profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.build()),
+                r -> r.run(), listener);
+        listener.expectOnComplete();
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                workAgent1.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                workAgent2.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                workAgent1.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+
+        assertNoCallbacks(mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback, mDefaultNetworkCallback);
+        appCb3.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent1);
+        appCb2.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        appCb1.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        // Set the preferences for testHandle to default.
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreference(PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_DEFAULT);
+
+        mCm.setProfileNetworkPreferences(testHandle,
+                List.of(profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build()),
+                r -> r.run(), listener);
+        listener.expectOnComplete();
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkRemoveUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                workAgent1.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+
+        assertNoCallbacks(mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback, mDefaultNetworkCallback, appCb1, appCb2);
+        appCb3.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        workAgent2.disconnect();
+        mCellNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(appCb1);
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(appCb2);
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(appCb3);
+        // Other callbacks will be unregistered by tearDown()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Make sure per profile network preferences behave as expected when multiple slices with
+     * multiple different apps within same user profile is configured.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testSetPreferenceWithMultiplePreferences()
+            throws Exception {
+        final InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mMockNetd);
+
+        final UserHandle testHandle = setupEnterpriseNetwork();
+        mServiceContext.setWorkProfile(testHandle, true);
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
+
+        final TestNetworkCallback appCb1 = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final TestNetworkCallback appCb2 = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final TestNetworkCallback appCb3 = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final TestNetworkCallback appCb4 = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final TestNetworkCallback appCb5 = new TestNetworkCallback();
+
+        final int testWorkProfileAppUid1 =
+                UserHandle.getUid(testHandle.getIdentifier(), TEST_APP_ID);
+        final int testWorkProfileAppUid2 =
+                UserHandle.getUid(testHandle.getIdentifier(), TEST_APP_ID_2);
+        final int testWorkProfileAppUid3 =
+                UserHandle.getUid(testHandle.getIdentifier(), TEST_APP_ID_3);
+        final int testWorkProfileAppUid4 =
+                UserHandle.getUid(testHandle.getIdentifier(), TEST_APP_ID_4);
+        final int testWorkProfileAppUid5 =
+                UserHandle.getUid(testHandle.getIdentifier(), TEST_APP_ID_5);
+
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbackAsUid(appCb1, testWorkProfileAppUid1);
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbackAsUid(appCb2, testWorkProfileAppUid2);
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbackAsUid(appCb3, testWorkProfileAppUid3);
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbackAsUid(appCb4, testWorkProfileAppUid4);
+        registerDefaultNetworkCallbackAsUid(appCb5, testWorkProfileAppUid5);
+
+        // Connect both a regular cell agent and an enterprise network first.
+        mCellNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+
+        final TestNetworkAgentWrapper workAgent1 = makeEnterpriseNetworkAgent(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
+        final TestNetworkAgentWrapper workAgent2 = makeEnterpriseNetworkAgent(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_2);
+        final TestNetworkAgentWrapper workAgent3 = makeEnterpriseNetworkAgent(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_3);
+        final TestNetworkAgentWrapper workAgent4 = makeEnterpriseNetworkAgent(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_4);
+        final TestNetworkAgentWrapper workAgent5 = makeEnterpriseNetworkAgent(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_5);
+
+        workAgent1.connect(true);
+        workAgent2.connect(true);
+        workAgent3.connect(true);
+        workAgent4.connect(true);
+        workAgent5.connect(true);
+
+        mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        appCb1.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        appCb2.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        appCb3.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        appCb4.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        appCb5.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
+                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_NONE));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
+                workAgent1.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
+                workAgent2.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
+                workAgent3.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
+                workAgent4.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkCreate(nativeNetworkConfigPhysical(
+                workAgent5.getNetwork().netId, INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM));
+
+        final TestOnCompleteListener listener = new TestOnCompleteListener();
+
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1 =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.setPreference(PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.setIncludedUids(new int[]{testWorkProfileAppUid1});
+
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2 =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.setPreference(
+                PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE_NO_FALLBACK);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_2);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.setIncludedUids(new int[]{testWorkProfileAppUid2});
+
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3 =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.setPreference(
+                PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_3);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.setIncludedUids(new int[]{testWorkProfileAppUid3});
+
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder4 =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder4.setPreference(
+                PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE_NO_FALLBACK);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder4.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_4);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder4.setIncludedUids(new int[]{testWorkProfileAppUid4});
+
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder5 =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder5.setPreference(
+                PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder5.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_5);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder5.setIncludedUids(new int[]{testWorkProfileAppUid5});
+
+        mCm.setProfileNetworkPreferences(testHandle,
+                List.of(profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.build(),
+                        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.build(),
+                        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.build(),
+                        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder4.build(),
+                        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder5.build()),
+                r -> r.run(), listener);
+
+        listener.expectOnComplete();
+
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                workAgent1.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                workAgent2.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                workAgent3.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                workAgent4.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder4.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                workAgent5.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder5.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+
+        assertNoCallbacks(mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback, mDefaultNetworkCallback);
+        appCb1.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent1);
+        appCb2.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent2);
+        appCb3.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent3);
+        appCb4.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent4);
+        appCb5.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(workAgent5);
+
+        workAgent1.disconnect();
+        workAgent2.disconnect();
+        workAgent3.disconnect();
+        workAgent4.disconnect();
+        workAgent5.disconnect();
+
+        appCb1.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, workAgent1);
+        appCb2.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, workAgent2);
+        appCb3.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, workAgent3);
+        appCb4.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, workAgent4);
+        appCb5.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, workAgent5);
+
+        appCb1.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        appCb2.assertNoCallback();
+        appCb3.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        appCb4.assertNoCallback();
+        appCb5.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder1.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+        verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder2.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder3.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+        verify(mMockNetd, never()).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder4.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+        verify(mMockNetd).networkAddUidRangesParcel(new NativeUidRangeConfig(
+                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId,
+                uidRangeFor(testHandle, profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder5.build()),
+                PREFERENCE_ORDER_PROFILE));
+
+        mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+        mDefaultNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+
+        // Set the preferences for testHandle to default.
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreference(PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_DEFAULT);
+
+        mCm.setProfileNetworkPreferences(testHandle,
+                List.of(profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build()),
+                r -> r.run(), listener);
+        listener.expectOnComplete();
+        assertNoCallbacks(mSystemDefaultNetworkCallback, mDefaultNetworkCallback, appCb1, appCb3,
+                appCb5);
+        appCb2.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        appCb4.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(appCb1);
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(appCb2);
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(appCb3);
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(appCb4);
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(appCb5);
+        // Other callbacks will be unregistered by tearDown()
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Test that, in a given networking context, calling setPreferenceForUser to set per-profile
      * defaults on then off works as expected.
      */
@@ -14657,12 +15628,42 @@
     public void testProfileNetworkPrefWrongProfile() throws Exception {
         final UserHandle testHandle = UserHandle.of(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_USER_ID);
         mServiceContext.setWorkProfile(testHandle, false);
-        assertThrows("Should not be able to set a user pref for a non-work profile",
+        mServiceContext.setDeviceOwner(testHandle, null);
+        assertThrows("Should not be able to set a user pref for a non-work profile "
+                + "and non device owner",
                 IllegalArgumentException.class , () ->
                         mCm.setProfileNetworkPreference(testHandle,
                                 PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE, null, null));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Make sure requests for per-profile default networking for a device owner is
+     * accepted on T and not accepted on S
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testProfileNetworkDeviceOwner() throws Exception {
+        final UserHandle testHandle = UserHandle.of(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_USER_ID);
+        mServiceContext.setWorkProfile(testHandle, false);
+        mServiceContext.setDeviceOwner(testHandle, "deviceOwnerPackage");
+        ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder =
+                new ProfileNetworkPreference.Builder();
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreference(PROFILE_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_ENTERPRISE);
+        profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.setPreferenceEnterpriseId(NET_ENTERPRISE_ID_1);
+        final TestOnCompleteListener listener = new TestOnCompleteListener();
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            mCm.setProfileNetworkPreferences(testHandle,
+                    List.of(profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build()),
+                    r -> r.run(), listener);
+        } else {
+            // S should not allow setting preference on device owner
+            assertThrows("Should not be able to set a user pref for a non-work profile on S",
+                    IllegalArgumentException.class , () ->
+                            mCm.setProfileNetworkPreferences(testHandle,
+                                    List.of(profileNetworkPreferenceBuilder.build()),
+                                    r -> r.run(), listener));
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testSubIdsClearedWithoutNetworkFactoryPermission() throws Exception {
         mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_FACTORY, PERMISSION_DENIED);
@@ -14822,6 +15823,61 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testAutomotiveEthernetAllowedUids() throws Exception {
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_FACTORY, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+
+        // Has automotive feature.
+        validateAutomotiveEthernetAllowedUids(true);
+
+        // No automotive feature.
+        validateAutomotiveEthernetAllowedUids(false);
+    }
+
+    private void validateAutomotiveEthernetAllowedUids(final boolean hasAutomotiveFeature)
+            throws Exception {
+        mockHasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_AUTOMOTIVE, hasAutomotiveFeature);
+
+        // Simulate a restricted ethernet network.
+        final NetworkCapabilities.Builder ncb = new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET)
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_SUSPENDED)
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED)
+                .removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED);
+
+        mEthernetNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET,
+                new LinkProperties(), ncb.build());
+
+        final ArraySet<Integer> serviceUidSet = new ArraySet<>();
+        serviceUidSet.add(TEST_PACKAGE_UID);
+
+        final TestNetworkCallback cb = new TestNetworkCallback();
+
+        mCm.requestNetwork(new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET)
+                .removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED)
+                .build(), cb);
+        mEthernetNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        cb.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mEthernetNetworkAgent);
+
+        // Cell gets to set the service UID as access UID
+        ncb.setAllowedUids(serviceUidSet);
+        mEthernetNetworkAgent.setNetworkCapabilities(ncb.build(), true /* sendToCS */);
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT() && hasAutomotiveFeature) {
+            cb.expectCapabilitiesThat(mEthernetNetworkAgent,
+                    caps -> caps.getAllowedUids().equals(serviceUidSet));
+        } else {
+            // S and no automotive feature must ignore access UIDs.
+            cb.assertNoCallback(TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
+        }
+
+        mEthernetNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        cb.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.LOST, mEthernetNetworkAgent);
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cb);
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testCbsAllowedUids() throws Exception {
         mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_FACTORY, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
         mServiceContext.setPermission(MANAGE_TEST_NETWORKS, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
@@ -14830,16 +15886,6 @@
         doReturn(true).when(mCarrierPrivilegeAuthenticator)
                 .hasCarrierPrivilegeForNetworkCapabilities(eq(TEST_PACKAGE_UID), any());
 
-        final ArraySet<Integer> serviceUidSet = new ArraySet<>();
-        serviceUidSet.add(TEST_PACKAGE_UID);
-        final ArraySet<Integer> nonServiceUidSet = new ArraySet<>();
-        nonServiceUidSet.add(TEST_PACKAGE_UID2);
-        final ArraySet<Integer> serviceUidSetPlus = new ArraySet<>();
-        serviceUidSetPlus.add(TEST_PACKAGE_UID);
-        serviceUidSetPlus.add(TEST_PACKAGE_UID2);
-
-        final TestNetworkCallback cb = new TestNetworkCallback();
-
         // Simulate a restricted telephony network. The telephony factory is entitled to set
         // the access UID to the service package on any of its restricted networks.
         final NetworkCapabilities.Builder ncb = new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
@@ -14850,13 +15896,24 @@
                 .removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED)
                 .setNetworkSpecifier(new TelephonyNetworkSpecifier(1 /* subid */));
 
+        mCellNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR,
+                new LinkProperties(), ncb.build());
+
+        final ArraySet<Integer> serviceUidSet = new ArraySet<>();
+        serviceUidSet.add(TEST_PACKAGE_UID);
+        final ArraySet<Integer> nonServiceUidSet = new ArraySet<>();
+        nonServiceUidSet.add(TEST_PACKAGE_UID2);
+        final ArraySet<Integer> serviceUidSetPlus = new ArraySet<>();
+        serviceUidSetPlus.add(TEST_PACKAGE_UID);
+        serviceUidSetPlus.add(TEST_PACKAGE_UID2);
+
+        final TestNetworkCallback cb = new TestNetworkCallback();
+
         // Cell gets to set the service UID as access UID
         mCm.requestNetwork(new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
                 .removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED)
                 .build(), cb);
-        mCellNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR,
-                new LinkProperties(), ncb.build());
         mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
         cb.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
         ncb.setAllowedUids(serviceUidSet);
@@ -14910,6 +15967,45 @@
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cb);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testSanitizedCapabilitiesFromAgentDoesNotMutateArgument()
+            throws Exception {
+        // This NetworkCapabilities builds an usual object to maximize the chance that this requires
+        // sanitization, so we have a high chance to detect any changes to the original.
+        final NetworkCapabilities unsanitized = new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
+                .withoutDefaultCapabilities()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+                .setOwnerUid(12345)
+                .setAdministratorUids(new int[] {12345, 23456, 34567})
+                .setLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps(20)
+                .setLinkDownstreamBandwidthKbps(10)
+                .setNetworkSpecifier(new EthernetNetworkSpecifier("foobar"))
+                .setTransportInfo(new WifiInfo.Builder().setBssid("AA:AA:AA:AA:AA:AA").build())
+                .setSignalStrength(-75)
+                .setSsid("SSID1")
+                .setRequestorUid(98765)
+                .setRequestorPackageName("TestPackage")
+                .setSubscriptionIds(Collections.singleton(Process.myUid()))
+                .setUids(UidRange.toIntRanges(uidRangesForUids(
+                        UserHandle.getUid(PRIMARY_USER, 10100),
+                        UserHandle.getUid(SECONDARY_USER, 10101),
+                        UserHandle.getUid(TERTIARY_USER, 10043))))
+                .setAllowedUids(Set.of(45678, 56789, 65432))
+                .setUnderlyingNetworks(List.of(new Network(99999)))
+                .build();
+        final NetworkCapabilities copyOfUnsanitized = new NetworkCapabilities(unsanitized);
+        final NetworkInfo info = new NetworkInfo(TYPE_MOBILE, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_LTE,
+                ConnectivityManager.getNetworkTypeName(TYPE_MOBILE),
+                TelephonyManager.getNetworkTypeName(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_LTE));
+        final NetworkAgentInfo agent = fakeNai(unsanitized, info);
+        agent.setDeclaredCapabilities(unsanitized);
+        final NetworkCapabilities sanitized = agent.getDeclaredCapabilitiesSanitized(
+                null /* carrierPrivilegeAuthenticator */);
+        assertEquals(copyOfUnsanitized, unsanitized);
+        assertNotEquals(sanitized, unsanitized);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Validate request counts are counted accurately on setProfileNetworkPreference on set/replace.
      */
@@ -14918,7 +16014,7 @@
         final UserHandle testHandle = setupEnterpriseNetwork();
         final TestOnCompleteListener listener = new TestOnCompleteListener();
         // Leave one request available so the profile preference can be set.
-        testRequestCountLimits(1 /* countToLeaveAvailable */, () -> {
+        withRequestCountersAcquired(1 /* countToLeaveAvailable */, () -> {
             withPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK,
                     Process.myPid(), Process.myUid(), () -> {
                         // Set initially to test the limit prior to having existing requests.
@@ -14932,7 +16028,7 @@
             final int otherAppUid = UserHandle.getUid(TEST_WORK_PROFILE_USER_ID,
                     UserHandle.getAppId(Process.myUid() + 1));
             final int remainingCount = ConnectivityService.MAX_NETWORK_REQUESTS_PER_UID
-                    - mService.mNetworkRequestCounter.mUidToNetworkRequestCount.get(otherAppUid)
+                    - mService.mNetworkRequestCounter.get(otherAppUid)
                     - 1;
             final NetworkCallback[] callbacks = new NetworkCallback[remainingCount];
             doAsUid(otherAppUid, () -> {
@@ -14967,7 +16063,7 @@
         @OemNetworkPreferences.OemNetworkPreference final int networkPref =
                 OEM_NETWORK_PREFERENCE_OEM_PRIVATE_ONLY;
         // Leave one request available so the OEM preference can be set.
-        testRequestCountLimits(1 /* countToLeaveAvailable */, () ->
+        withRequestCountersAcquired(1 /* countToLeaveAvailable */, () ->
                 withPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, () -> {
                     // Set initially to test the limit prior to having existing requests.
                     final TestOemListenerCallback listener = new TestOemListenerCallback();
@@ -14982,12 +16078,11 @@
                 }));
     }
 
-    private void testRequestCountLimits(final int countToLeaveAvailable,
-            @NonNull final ExceptionalRunnable r) throws Exception {
+    private void withRequestCountersAcquired(final int countToLeaveAvailable,
+            @NonNull final ThrowingRunnable r) throws Exception {
         final ArraySet<TestNetworkCallback> callbacks = new ArraySet<>();
         try {
-            final int requestCount = mService.mSystemNetworkRequestCounter
-                    .mUidToNetworkRequestCount.get(Process.myUid());
+            final int requestCount = mService.mSystemNetworkRequestCounter.get(Process.myUid());
             // The limit is hit when total requests = limit - 1, and exceeded with a crash when
             // total requests >= limit.
             final int countToFile =
@@ -15000,8 +16095,7 @@
                     callbacks.add(cb);
                 }
                 assertEquals(MAX_NETWORK_REQUESTS_PER_SYSTEM_UID - 1 - countToLeaveAvailable,
-                        mService.mSystemNetworkRequestCounter
-                              .mUidToNetworkRequestCount.get(Process.myUid()));
+                        mService.mSystemNetworkRequestCounter.get(Process.myUid()));
             });
             // Code to run to check if it triggers a max request count limit error.
             r.run();
@@ -15250,7 +16344,7 @@
         ConnectivitySettingsManager.setMobileDataPreferredUids(mServiceContext,
                 Set.of(PRIMARY_USER_HANDLE.getUid(TEST_PACKAGE_UID)));
         // Leave one request available so MDO preference set up above can be set.
-        testRequestCountLimits(1 /* countToLeaveAvailable */, () ->
+        withRequestCountersAcquired(1 /* countToLeaveAvailable */, () ->
                 withPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK,
                         Process.myPid(), Process.myUid(), () -> {
                             // Set initially to test the limit prior to having existing requests.
@@ -15614,54 +16708,40 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testIgnoreValidationAfterRoamDisabled() throws Exception {
-        assumeFalse(SdkLevel.isAtLeastT());
-        // testIgnoreValidationAfterRoam off
-        doReturn(-1).when(mResources)
-                .getInteger(R.integer.config_validationFailureAfterRoamIgnoreTimeMillis);
+    public void testOfferNetwork_ChecksArgumentsOutsideOfHandler() throws Exception {
+        final TestableNetworkOfferCallback callback = new TestableNetworkOfferCallback(
+                TIMEOUT_MS /* timeout */, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS /* noCallbackTimeout */);
+        final NetworkProvider testProvider = new NetworkProvider(mServiceContext,
+                mCsHandlerThread.getLooper(), "Test provider");
+        final NetworkCapabilities caps = new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED)
+                .build();
 
-        mCellNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
-        mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
-        NetworkCapabilities wifiNc1 = new NetworkCapabilities()
-                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
-                .setTransportInfo(new WifiInfo.Builder().setBssid("AA:AA:AA:AA:AA:AA").build());
-        NetworkCapabilities wifiNc2 = new NetworkCapabilities()
-                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
-                .setTransportInfo(new WifiInfo.Builder().setBssid("BB:BB:BB:BB:BB:BB").build());
-        final LinkProperties wifiLp = new LinkProperties();
-        wifiLp.setInterfaceName(WIFI_IFNAME);
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI, wifiLp, wifiNc1);
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        final NetworkScore score = new NetworkScore.Builder().build();
+        testProvider.registerNetworkOffer(score, caps, r -> r.run(), callback);
+        testProvider.unregisterNetworkOffer(callback);
 
-        // The default network will be switching to Wi-Fi Network.
-        final TestNetworkCallback wifiNetworkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
-        final NetworkRequest wifiRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
-                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
-        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(wifiRequest, wifiNetworkCallback);
-        wifiNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
-        registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
-        mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
-
-        // Wi-Fi roaming from wifiNc1 to wifiNc2.
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkCapabilities(wifiNc2, true);
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkInvalid(false);
-        mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), false);
-        mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class,
+                () -> mService.offerNetwork(100, score, caps, null));
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> mService.unofferNetwork(null));
     }
 
-    @Test
-    public void testIgnoreValidationAfterRoamEnabled() throws Exception {
+    public void doTestIgnoreValidationAfterRoam(final boolean enabled) throws Exception {
         assumeFalse(SdkLevel.isAtLeastT());
-        // testIgnoreValidationAfterRoam on
-        doReturn(5000).when(mResources)
+        doReturn(enabled ? 5000 : -1).when(mResources)
                 .getInteger(R.integer.config_validationFailureAfterRoamIgnoreTimeMillis);
 
         mCellNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
         mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
         NetworkCapabilities wifiNc1 = new NetworkCapabilities()
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED)
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
                 .setTransportInfo(new WifiInfo.Builder().setBssid("AA:AA:AA:AA:AA:AA").build());
         NetworkCapabilities wifiNc2 = new NetworkCapabilities()
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VCN_MANAGED)
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
                 .setTransportInfo(new WifiInfo.Builder().setBssid("BB:BB:BB:BB:BB:BB").build());
         final LinkProperties wifiLp = new LinkProperties();
@@ -15673,16 +16753,75 @@
         final TestNetworkCallback wifiNetworkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         final NetworkRequest wifiRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
-        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(wifiRequest, wifiNetworkCallback);
+        mCm.requestNetwork(wifiRequest, wifiNetworkCallback);
         wifiNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         registerDefaultNetworkCallbacks();
         mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
-        // Wi-Fi roaming from wifiNc1 to wifiNc2.
+        // There is a bug in the current code where ignoring validation after roam will not
+        // correctly change the default network if the result if the validation is partial or
+        // captive portal. TODO : fix the bug and reinstate this code.
+        if (false) {
+            // Wi-Fi roaming from wifiNc1 to wifiNc2 but the network is now behind a captive portal.
+            mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkCapabilities(wifiNc2, true /* sendToConnectivityService */);
+            // The only thing changed in this CAPS is the BSSID, which can't be tested for in this
+            // test because it's redacted.
+            wifiNetworkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED,
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+            mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED,
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+            mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkPortal(TEST_REDIRECT_URL, false /* isStrictMode */);
+            mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), false);
+            // Wi-Fi is now detected to have a portal : cell should become the default network.
+            mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+            wifiNetworkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWithout(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED,
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+            wifiNetworkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL,
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+
+            // Wi-Fi becomes valid again. The default network goes back to Wi-Fi.
+            mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkValid(false /* isStrictMode */);
+            mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), true);
+            mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+            wifiNetworkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWithout(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL,
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+
+            // Wi-Fi roaming from wifiNc2 to wifiNc1, and the network now has partial connectivity.
+            mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkCapabilities(wifiNc1, true);
+            wifiNetworkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED,
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+            mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED,
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+            mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkPartial();
+            mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), false);
+            // Wi-Fi now only offers partial connectivity, so in the absence of accepting partial
+            // connectivity explicitly for this network, it loses default status to cell.
+            mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+            wifiNetworkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY,
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+
+            // Wi-Fi becomes valid again. The default network goes back to Wi-Fi.
+            mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkValid(false /* isStrictMode */);
+            mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), true);
+            mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+            wifiNetworkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWithout(NET_CAPABILITY_PARTIAL_CONNECTIVITY,
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        }
+
+        // Wi-Fi roams from wifiNc1 to wifiNc2, and now becomes really invalid. If validation
+        // failures after roam are not ignored, this will cause cell to become the default network.
+        // If they are ignored, this will not cause a switch until later.
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkCapabilities(wifiNc2, true);
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkInvalid(false);
+        mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackEntry.NETWORK_CAPS_UPDATED,
+                mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkInvalid(false /* isStrictMode */);
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), false);
 
+        if (!enabled) {
+            mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+            return;
+        }
+
         // Network validation failed, but the result will be ignored.
         assertTrue(mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork()).hasCapability(
                 NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED));
@@ -15698,5 +16837,87 @@
         waitForValidationBlock.block(150);
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), false);
         mDefaultNetworkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(wifiNetworkCallback);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIgnoreValidationAfterRoamDisabled() throws Exception {
+        doTestIgnoreValidationAfterRoam(false /* enabled */);
+    }
+    @Test
+    public void testIgnoreValidationAfterRoamEnabled() throws Exception {
+        doTestIgnoreValidationAfterRoam(true /* enabled */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLegacyTetheringApiGuardWithProperPermission() throws Exception {
+        final String testIface = "test0";
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mService.getLastTetherError(testIface));
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mService.getTetherableIfaces());
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mService.getTetheredIfaces());
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mService.getTetheringErroredIfaces());
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mService.getTetherableUsbRegexs());
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mService.getTetherableWifiRegexs());
+
+        withPermission(ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE, () -> {
+            mService.getLastTetherError(testIface);
+            verify(mTetheringManager).getLastTetherError(testIface);
+
+            mService.getTetherableIfaces();
+            verify(mTetheringManager).getTetherableIfaces();
+
+            mService.getTetheredIfaces();
+            verify(mTetheringManager).getTetheredIfaces();
+
+            mService.getTetheringErroredIfaces();
+            verify(mTetheringManager).getTetheringErroredIfaces();
+
+            mService.getTetherableUsbRegexs();
+            verify(mTetheringManager).getTetherableUsbRegexs();
+
+            mService.getTetherableWifiRegexs();
+            verify(mTetheringManager).getTetherableWifiRegexs();
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetNetworkInfoForUid() throws Exception {
+        // Setup and verify getNetworkInfoForUid cannot be called without Network Stack permission,
+        // when querying NetworkInfo for other uid.
+        verifyNoNetwork();
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new TestNetworkAgentWrapper(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK,
+                PERMISSION_DENIED);
+
+        final int otherUid = Process.myUid() + 1;
+        assertNull(mCm.getActiveNetwork());
+        assertNull(mCm.getNetworkInfoForUid(mCm.getActiveNetwork(),
+                Process.myUid(), false /* ignoreBlocked */));
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mCm.getNetworkInfoForUid(
+                mCm.getActiveNetwork(), otherUid, false /* ignoreBlocked */));
+        withPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, () ->
+                assertNull(mCm.getNetworkInfoForUid(mCm.getActiveNetwork(),
+                        otherUid, false /* ignoreBlocked */)));
+
+        // Bringing up validated wifi and verify again. Make the other uid be blocked,
+        // verify the method returns result accordingly.
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        setBlockedReasonChanged(BLOCKED_REASON_BATTERY_SAVER);
+        mockUidNetworkingBlocked(otherUid);
+        withPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, () ->
+                verifyActiveNetwork(TRANSPORT_WIFI));
+        checkNetworkInfo(mCm.getNetworkInfoForUid(mCm.getActiveNetwork(),
+                Process.myUid(), false /* ignoreBlocked */), TYPE_WIFI, DetailedState.CONNECTED);
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mCm.getNetworkInfoForUid(
+                mCm.getActiveNetwork(), otherUid, false /* ignoreBlocked */));
+        withPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, () ->
+                checkNetworkInfo(mCm.getNetworkInfoForUid(mCm.getActiveNetwork(),
+                        otherUid, false /* ignoreBlocked */), TYPE_WIFI, DetailedState.BLOCKED));
+        withPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, () ->
+                checkNetworkInfo(mCm.getNetworkInfoForUid(mCm.getActiveNetwork(),
+                        otherUid, true /* ignoreBlocked */), TYPE_WIFI, DetailedState.CONNECTED));
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
index 45f3d3c..9401d47 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
 public class IpSecServiceParameterizedTest {
     @Rule
     public final DevSdkIgnoreRule mIgnoreRule = new DevSdkIgnoreRule(
-            Build.VERSION_CODES.R /* ignoreClassUpTo */);
+            Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2 /* ignoreClassUpTo */);
 
     private static final int TEST_SPI = 0xD1201D;
 
@@ -783,6 +783,23 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testSetNetworkForTunnelInterfaceFailsForNullLp() throws Exception {
+        final IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
+                createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, BLESSED_PACKAGE);
+        final Network newFakeNetwork = new Network(1000);
+        final int tunnelIfaceResourceId = createTunnelResp.resourceId;
+
+        try {
+            mIpSecService.setNetworkForTunnelInterface(
+                    tunnelIfaceResourceId, newFakeNetwork, BLESSED_PACKAGE);
+            fail(
+                    "Expected an IllegalArgumentException for underlying network with null"
+                            + " LinkProperties");
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testSetNetworkForTunnelInterfaceFailsForInvalidResourceId() throws Exception {
         final IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
                 createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, BLESSED_PACKAGE);
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceRefcountedResourceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceRefcountedResourceTest.java
index 5c7ca6f..8595ab9 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceRefcountedResourceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceRefcountedResourceTest.java
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 /** Unit tests for {@link IpSecService.RefcountedResource}. */
 @SmallTest
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class IpSecServiceRefcountedResourceTest {
     Context mMockContext;
     IpSecService.Dependencies mMockDeps;
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
index 7e6b157..6955620 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 /** Unit tests for {@link IpSecService}. */
 @SmallTest
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class IpSecServiceTest {
 
     private static final int DROID_SPI = 0xD1201D;
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NetIdManagerTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NetIdManagerTest.kt
index 811134e..f2b14a1 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NetIdManagerTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NetIdManagerTest.kt
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 import com.android.server.NetIdManager.MIN_NET_ID
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
-import com.android.testutils.ExceptionUtils.ThrowingRunnable
+import com.android.testutils.FunctionalUtils.ThrowingRunnable
 import com.android.testutils.assertThrows
 import org.junit.Test
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NsdServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NsdServiceTest.java
index 3c228d0..5808beb 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NsdServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NsdServiceTest.java
@@ -16,13 +16,18 @@
 
 package com.android.server;
 
+import static android.net.nsd.NsdManager.FAILURE_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+
 import static libcore.junit.util.compat.CoreCompatChangeRule.DisableCompatChanges;
 import static libcore.junit.util.compat.CoreCompatChangeRule.EnableCompatChanges;
 
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doCallRealMethod;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
@@ -36,10 +41,20 @@
 import android.compat.testing.PlatformCompatChangeRule;
 import android.content.ContentResolver;
 import android.content.Context;
+import android.net.INetd;
+import android.net.InetAddresses;
+import android.net.mdns.aidl.DiscoveryInfo;
+import android.net.mdns.aidl.GetAddressInfo;
+import android.net.mdns.aidl.IMDnsEventListener;
+import android.net.mdns.aidl.RegistrationInfo;
+import android.net.mdns.aidl.ResolutionInfo;
 import android.net.nsd.INsdManagerCallback;
 import android.net.nsd.INsdServiceConnector;
 import android.net.nsd.MDnsManager;
 import android.net.nsd.NsdManager;
+import android.net.nsd.NsdManager.DiscoveryListener;
+import android.net.nsd.NsdManager.RegistrationListener;
+import android.net.nsd.NsdManager.ResolveListener;
 import android.net.nsd.NsdServiceInfo;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.Build;
@@ -63,6 +78,7 @@
 import org.junit.rules.TestRule;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.AdditionalAnswers;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
@@ -74,12 +90,17 @@
 //  - test NSD_ON ENABLE/DISABLED listening
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class NsdServiceTest {
-
     static final int PROTOCOL = NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD;
     private static final long CLEANUP_DELAY_MS = 500;
     private static final long TIMEOUT_MS = 500;
+    private static final String SERVICE_NAME = "a_name";
+    private static final String SERVICE_TYPE = "a_type";
+    private static final String SERVICE_FULL_NAME = SERVICE_NAME + "." + SERVICE_TYPE;
+    private static final String DOMAIN_NAME = "mytestdevice.local";
+    private static final int PORT = 2201;
+    private static final int IFACE_IDX_ANY = 0;
 
     // Records INsdManagerCallback created when NsdService#connect is called.
     // Only accessed on the test thread, since NsdService#connect is called by the NsdManager
@@ -93,6 +114,7 @@
     @Mock MDnsManager mMockMDnsM;
     HandlerThread mThread;
     TestHandler mHandler;
+    NsdService mService;
 
     private static class LinkToDeathRecorder extends Binder {
         IBinder.DeathRecipient mDr;
@@ -114,12 +136,18 @@
         doReturn(MDnsManager.MDNS_SERVICE).when(mContext)
                 .getSystemServiceName(MDnsManager.class);
         doReturn(mMockMDnsM).when(mContext).getSystemService(MDnsManager.MDNS_SERVICE);
+        if (mContext.getSystemService(MDnsManager.class) == null) {
+            // Test is using mockito-extended
+            doCallRealMethod().when(mContext).getSystemService(MDnsManager.class);
+        }
         doReturn(true).when(mMockMDnsM).registerService(
                 anyInt(), anyString(), anyString(), anyInt(), any(), anyInt());
         doReturn(true).when(mMockMDnsM).stopOperation(anyInt());
         doReturn(true).when(mMockMDnsM).discover(anyInt(), anyString(), anyInt());
         doReturn(true).when(mMockMDnsM).resolve(
                 anyInt(), anyString(), anyString(), anyString(), anyInt());
+
+        mService = makeService();
     }
 
     @After
@@ -131,20 +159,16 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @DisableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testPreSClients() throws Exception {
-        NsdService service = makeService();
-
         // Pre S client connected, the daemon should be started.
-        connectClient(service);
-        waitForIdle();
+        connectClient(mService);
         final INsdManagerCallback cb1 = getCallback();
         final IBinder.DeathRecipient deathRecipient1 = verifyLinkToDeath(cb1);
         verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).registerEventListener(any());
         verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).startDaemon();
 
-        connectClient(service);
-        waitForIdle();
+        connectClient(mService);
         final INsdManagerCallback cb2 = getCallback();
         final IBinder.DeathRecipient deathRecipient2 = verifyLinkToDeath(cb2);
         // Daemon has been started, it should not try to start it again.
@@ -162,21 +186,17 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testNoDaemonStartedWhenClientsConnect() throws Exception {
-        final NsdService service = makeService();
-
         // Creating an NsdManager will not cause daemon startup.
-        connectClient(service);
-        waitForIdle();
+        connectClient(mService);
         verify(mMockMDnsM, never()).registerEventListener(any());
         verify(mMockMDnsM, never()).startDaemon();
         final INsdManagerCallback cb1 = getCallback();
         final IBinder.DeathRecipient deathRecipient1 = verifyLinkToDeath(cb1);
 
         // Creating another NsdManager will not cause daemon startup either.
-        connectClient(service);
-        waitForIdle();
+        connectClient(mService);
         verify(mMockMDnsM, never()).registerEventListener(any());
         verify(mMockMDnsM, never()).startDaemon();
         final INsdManagerCallback cb2 = getCallback();
@@ -200,72 +220,68 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testClientRequestsAreGCedAtDisconnection() throws Exception {
-        NsdService service = makeService();
-
-        NsdManager client = connectClient(service);
-        waitForIdle();
+        final NsdManager client = connectClient(mService);
         final INsdManagerCallback cb1 = getCallback();
         final IBinder.DeathRecipient deathRecipient = verifyLinkToDeath(cb1);
         verify(mMockMDnsM, never()).registerEventListener(any());
         verify(mMockMDnsM, never()).startDaemon();
 
-        NsdServiceInfo request = new NsdServiceInfo("a_name", "a_type");
-        request.setPort(2201);
+        final NsdServiceInfo request = new NsdServiceInfo(SERVICE_NAME, SERVICE_TYPE);
+        request.setPort(PORT);
 
         // Client registration request
-        NsdManager.RegistrationListener listener1 = mock(NsdManager.RegistrationListener.class);
+        final RegistrationListener listener1 = mock(RegistrationListener.class);
         client.registerService(request, PROTOCOL, listener1);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).registerEventListener(any());
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).startDaemon();
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).registerService(
-                eq(2), eq("a_name"), eq("a_type"), eq(2201), any(), eq(0));
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).registerEventListener(any());
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).startDaemon();
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).registerService(
+                eq(2), eq(SERVICE_NAME), eq(SERVICE_TYPE), eq(PORT), any(), eq(IFACE_IDX_ANY));
 
         // Client discovery request
-        NsdManager.DiscoveryListener listener2 = mock(NsdManager.DiscoveryListener.class);
-        client.discoverServices("a_type", PROTOCOL, listener2);
+        final DiscoveryListener listener2 = mock(DiscoveryListener.class);
+        client.discoverServices(SERVICE_TYPE, PROTOCOL, listener2);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).discover(eq(3), eq("a_type"), eq(0));
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).discover(3 /* id */, SERVICE_TYPE, IFACE_IDX_ANY);
 
         // Client resolve request
-        NsdManager.ResolveListener listener3 = mock(NsdManager.ResolveListener.class);
+        final ResolveListener listener3 = mock(ResolveListener.class);
         client.resolveService(request, listener3);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).resolve(
-                eq(4), eq("a_name"), eq("a_type"), eq("local."), eq(0));
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).resolve(
+                4 /* id */, SERVICE_NAME, SERVICE_TYPE, "local." /* domain */, IFACE_IDX_ANY);
 
         // Client disconnects, stop the daemon after CLEANUP_DELAY_MS.
         deathRecipient.binderDied();
         verifyDelayMaybeStopDaemon(CLEANUP_DELAY_MS);
         // checks that request are cleaned
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).stopOperation(eq(2));
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).stopOperation(eq(3));
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).stopOperation(eq(4));
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).stopOperation(2 /* id */);
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).stopOperation(3 /* id */);
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).stopOperation(4 /* id */);
     }
 
     @Test
-    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS)
+    @EnableCompatChanges(NsdManager.RUN_NATIVE_NSD_ONLY_IF_LEGACY_APPS_T_AND_LATER)
     public void testCleanupDelayNoRequestActive() throws Exception {
-        NsdService service = makeService();
-        NsdManager client = connectClient(service);
+        final NsdManager client = connectClient(mService);
 
-        NsdServiceInfo request = new NsdServiceInfo("a_name", "a_type");
-        request.setPort(2201);
-        NsdManager.RegistrationListener listener1 = mock(NsdManager.RegistrationListener.class);
+        final NsdServiceInfo request = new NsdServiceInfo(SERVICE_NAME, SERVICE_TYPE);
+        request.setPort(PORT);
+        final RegistrationListener listener1 = mock(RegistrationListener.class);
         client.registerService(request, PROTOCOL, listener1);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).registerEventListener(any());
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).startDaemon();
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).registerEventListener(any());
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).startDaemon();
         final INsdManagerCallback cb1 = getCallback();
         final IBinder.DeathRecipient deathRecipient = verifyLinkToDeath(cb1);
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).registerService(
-                eq(2), eq("a_name"), eq("a_type"), eq(2201), any(), eq(0));
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).registerService(
+                eq(2), eq(SERVICE_NAME), eq(SERVICE_TYPE), eq(PORT), any(), eq(IFACE_IDX_ANY));
 
         client.unregisterService(listener1);
         waitForIdle();
-        verify(mMockMDnsM, times(1)).stopOperation(eq(2));
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).stopOperation(2 /* id */);
 
         verifyDelayMaybeStopDaemon(CLEANUP_DELAY_MS);
         reset(mMockMDnsM);
@@ -275,6 +291,270 @@
         verify(mMockMDnsM, never()).stopDaemon();
     }
 
+    private IMDnsEventListener getEventListener() {
+        final ArgumentCaptor<IMDnsEventListener> listenerCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(IMDnsEventListener.class);
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).registerEventListener(listenerCaptor.capture());
+        return listenerCaptor.getValue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDiscoverOnTetheringDownstream() throws Exception {
+        final NsdManager client = connectClient(mService);
+        final int interfaceIdx = 123;
+        final DiscoveryListener discListener = mock(DiscoveryListener.class);
+        client.discoverServices(SERVICE_TYPE, PROTOCOL, discListener);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        final IMDnsEventListener eventListener = getEventListener();
+        final ArgumentCaptor<Integer> discIdCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Integer.class);
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).discover(discIdCaptor.capture(), eq(SERVICE_TYPE),
+                eq(0) /* interfaceIdx */);
+        // NsdManager uses a separate HandlerThread to dispatch callbacks (on ServiceHandler), so
+        // this needs to use a timeout
+        verify(discListener, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS)).onDiscoveryStarted(SERVICE_TYPE);
+
+        final DiscoveryInfo discoveryInfo = new DiscoveryInfo(
+                discIdCaptor.getValue(),
+                IMDnsEventListener.SERVICE_FOUND,
+                SERVICE_NAME,
+                SERVICE_TYPE,
+                DOMAIN_NAME,
+                interfaceIdx,
+                INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID); // LOCAL_NET_ID (99) used on tethering downstreams
+        eventListener.onServiceDiscoveryStatus(discoveryInfo);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<NsdServiceInfo> discoveredInfoCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NsdServiceInfo.class);
+        verify(discListener, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS)).onServiceFound(discoveredInfoCaptor.capture());
+        final NsdServiceInfo foundInfo = discoveredInfoCaptor.getValue();
+        assertEquals(SERVICE_NAME, foundInfo.getServiceName());
+        assertEquals(SERVICE_TYPE, foundInfo.getServiceType());
+        assertNull(foundInfo.getHost());
+        assertNull(foundInfo.getNetwork());
+        assertEquals(interfaceIdx, foundInfo.getInterfaceIndex());
+
+        // After discovering the service, verify resolving it
+        final ResolveListener resolveListener = mock(ResolveListener.class);
+        client.resolveService(foundInfo, resolveListener);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<Integer> resolvIdCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Integer.class);
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).resolve(resolvIdCaptor.capture(), eq(SERVICE_NAME), eq(SERVICE_TYPE),
+                eq("local.") /* domain */, eq(interfaceIdx));
+
+        final int servicePort = 10123;
+        final ResolutionInfo resolutionInfo = new ResolutionInfo(
+                resolvIdCaptor.getValue(),
+                IMDnsEventListener.SERVICE_RESOLVED,
+                null /* serviceName */,
+                null /* serviceType */,
+                null /* domain */,
+                SERVICE_FULL_NAME,
+                DOMAIN_NAME,
+                servicePort,
+                new byte[0] /* txtRecord */,
+                interfaceIdx);
+
+        doReturn(true).when(mMockMDnsM).getServiceAddress(anyInt(), any(), anyInt());
+        eventListener.onServiceResolutionStatus(resolutionInfo);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<Integer> getAddrIdCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Integer.class);
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).getServiceAddress(getAddrIdCaptor.capture(), eq(DOMAIN_NAME),
+                eq(interfaceIdx));
+
+        final String serviceAddress = "192.0.2.123";
+        final GetAddressInfo addressInfo = new GetAddressInfo(
+                getAddrIdCaptor.getValue(),
+                IMDnsEventListener.SERVICE_GET_ADDR_SUCCESS,
+                SERVICE_FULL_NAME,
+                serviceAddress,
+                interfaceIdx,
+                INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID);
+        eventListener.onGettingServiceAddressStatus(addressInfo);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<NsdServiceInfo> resInfoCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NsdServiceInfo.class);
+        verify(resolveListener, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS)).onServiceResolved(resInfoCaptor.capture());
+        final NsdServiceInfo resolvedService = resInfoCaptor.getValue();
+        assertEquals(SERVICE_NAME, resolvedService.getServiceName());
+        assertEquals("." + SERVICE_TYPE, resolvedService.getServiceType());
+        assertEquals(InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(serviceAddress), resolvedService.getHost());
+        assertEquals(servicePort, resolvedService.getPort());
+        assertNull(resolvedService.getNetwork());
+        assertEquals(interfaceIdx, resolvedService.getInterfaceIndex());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testServiceRegistrationSuccessfulAndFailed() throws Exception {
+        final NsdManager client = connectClient(mService);
+        final NsdServiceInfo request = new NsdServiceInfo(SERVICE_NAME, SERVICE_TYPE);
+        request.setPort(PORT);
+        final RegistrationListener regListener = mock(RegistrationListener.class);
+        client.registerService(request, PROTOCOL, regListener);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        final IMDnsEventListener eventListener = getEventListener();
+        final ArgumentCaptor<Integer> regIdCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Integer.class);
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).registerService(regIdCaptor.capture(),
+                eq(SERVICE_NAME), eq(SERVICE_TYPE), eq(PORT), any(), eq(IFACE_IDX_ANY));
+
+        // Register service successfully.
+        final RegistrationInfo registrationInfo = new RegistrationInfo(
+                regIdCaptor.getValue(),
+                IMDnsEventListener.SERVICE_REGISTERED,
+                SERVICE_NAME,
+                SERVICE_TYPE,
+                PORT,
+                new byte[0] /* txtRecord */,
+                IFACE_IDX_ANY);
+        eventListener.onServiceRegistrationStatus(registrationInfo);
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<NsdServiceInfo> registeredInfoCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NsdServiceInfo.class);
+        verify(regListener, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS))
+                .onServiceRegistered(registeredInfoCaptor.capture());
+        final NsdServiceInfo registeredInfo = registeredInfoCaptor.getValue();
+        assertEquals(SERVICE_NAME, registeredInfo.getServiceName());
+
+        // Fail to register service.
+        final RegistrationInfo registrationFailedInfo = new RegistrationInfo(
+                regIdCaptor.getValue(),
+                IMDnsEventListener.SERVICE_REGISTRATION_FAILED,
+                null /* serviceName */,
+                null /* registrationType */,
+                0 /* port */,
+                new byte[0] /* txtRecord */,
+                IFACE_IDX_ANY);
+        eventListener.onServiceRegistrationStatus(registrationFailedInfo);
+        verify(regListener, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS))
+                .onRegistrationFailed(any(), eq(FAILURE_INTERNAL_ERROR));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testServiceDiscoveryFailed() throws Exception {
+        final NsdManager client = connectClient(mService);
+        final DiscoveryListener discListener = mock(DiscoveryListener.class);
+        client.discoverServices(SERVICE_TYPE, PROTOCOL, discListener);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        final IMDnsEventListener eventListener = getEventListener();
+        final ArgumentCaptor<Integer> discIdCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Integer.class);
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).discover(discIdCaptor.capture(), eq(SERVICE_TYPE), eq(IFACE_IDX_ANY));
+        verify(discListener, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS)).onDiscoveryStarted(SERVICE_TYPE);
+
+        // Fail to discover service.
+        final DiscoveryInfo discoveryFailedInfo = new DiscoveryInfo(
+                discIdCaptor.getValue(),
+                IMDnsEventListener.SERVICE_DISCOVERY_FAILED,
+                null /* serviceName */,
+                null /* registrationType */,
+                null /* domainName */,
+                IFACE_IDX_ANY,
+                0 /* netId */);
+        eventListener.onServiceDiscoveryStatus(discoveryFailedInfo);
+        verify(discListener, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS))
+                .onStartDiscoveryFailed(SERVICE_TYPE, FAILURE_INTERNAL_ERROR);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testServiceResolutionFailed() throws Exception {
+        final NsdManager client = connectClient(mService);
+        final NsdServiceInfo request = new NsdServiceInfo(SERVICE_NAME, SERVICE_TYPE);
+        final ResolveListener resolveListener = mock(ResolveListener.class);
+        client.resolveService(request, resolveListener);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        final IMDnsEventListener eventListener = getEventListener();
+        final ArgumentCaptor<Integer> resolvIdCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Integer.class);
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).resolve(resolvIdCaptor.capture(), eq(SERVICE_NAME), eq(SERVICE_TYPE),
+                eq("local.") /* domain */, eq(IFACE_IDX_ANY));
+
+        // Fail to resolve service.
+        final ResolutionInfo resolutionFailedInfo = new ResolutionInfo(
+                resolvIdCaptor.getValue(),
+                IMDnsEventListener.SERVICE_RESOLUTION_FAILED,
+                null /* serviceName */,
+                null /* serviceType */,
+                null /* domain */,
+                null /* serviceFullName */,
+                null /* domainName */,
+                0 /* port */,
+                new byte[0] /* txtRecord */,
+                IFACE_IDX_ANY);
+        eventListener.onServiceResolutionStatus(resolutionFailedInfo);
+        verify(resolveListener, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS))
+                .onResolveFailed(any(), eq(FAILURE_INTERNAL_ERROR));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGettingAddressFailed() throws Exception {
+        final NsdManager client = connectClient(mService);
+        final NsdServiceInfo request = new NsdServiceInfo(SERVICE_NAME, SERVICE_TYPE);
+        final ResolveListener resolveListener = mock(ResolveListener.class);
+        client.resolveService(request, resolveListener);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        final IMDnsEventListener eventListener = getEventListener();
+        final ArgumentCaptor<Integer> resolvIdCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Integer.class);
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).resolve(resolvIdCaptor.capture(), eq(SERVICE_NAME), eq(SERVICE_TYPE),
+                eq("local.") /* domain */, eq(IFACE_IDX_ANY));
+
+        // Resolve service successfully.
+        final ResolutionInfo resolutionInfo = new ResolutionInfo(
+                resolvIdCaptor.getValue(),
+                IMDnsEventListener.SERVICE_RESOLVED,
+                null /* serviceName */,
+                null /* serviceType */,
+                null /* domain */,
+                SERVICE_FULL_NAME,
+                DOMAIN_NAME,
+                PORT,
+                new byte[0] /* txtRecord */,
+                IFACE_IDX_ANY);
+        doReturn(true).when(mMockMDnsM).getServiceAddress(anyInt(), any(), anyInt());
+        eventListener.onServiceResolutionStatus(resolutionInfo);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<Integer> getAddrIdCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Integer.class);
+        verify(mMockMDnsM).getServiceAddress(getAddrIdCaptor.capture(), eq(DOMAIN_NAME),
+                eq(IFACE_IDX_ANY));
+
+        // Fail to get service address.
+        final GetAddressInfo gettingAddrFailedInfo = new GetAddressInfo(
+                getAddrIdCaptor.getValue(),
+                IMDnsEventListener.SERVICE_GET_ADDR_FAILED,
+                null /* hostname */,
+                null /* address */,
+                IFACE_IDX_ANY,
+                0 /* netId */);
+        eventListener.onGettingServiceAddressStatus(gettingAddrFailedInfo);
+        verify(resolveListener, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS))
+                .onResolveFailed(any(), eq(FAILURE_INTERNAL_ERROR));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNoCrashWhenProcessResolutionAfterBinderDied() throws Exception {
+        final NsdManager client = connectClient(mService);
+        final INsdManagerCallback cb = getCallback();
+        final IBinder.DeathRecipient deathRecipient = verifyLinkToDeath(cb);
+        deathRecipient.binderDied();
+
+        final NsdServiceInfo request = new NsdServiceInfo(SERVICE_NAME, SERVICE_TYPE);
+        final ResolveListener resolveListener = mock(ResolveListener.class);
+        client.resolveService(request, resolveListener);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        verify(mMockMDnsM, never()).registerEventListener(any());
+        verify(mMockMDnsM, never()).startDaemon();
+        verify(mMockMDnsM, never()).resolve(anyInt() /* id */, anyString() /* serviceName */,
+                anyString() /* registrationType */, anyString() /* domain */,
+                anyInt()/* interfaceIdx */);
+    }
+
     private void waitForIdle() {
         HandlerUtils.waitForIdle(mHandler, TIMEOUT_MS);
     }
@@ -302,7 +582,10 @@
     }
 
     NsdManager connectClient(NsdService service) {
-        return new NsdManager(mContext, service);
+        final NsdManager nsdManager = new NsdManager(mContext, service);
+        // Wait for client registration done.
+        waitForIdle();
+        return nsdManager;
     }
 
     void verifyDelayMaybeStopDaemon(long cleanupDelayMs) throws Exception {
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/VpnManagerServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/VpnManagerServiceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8a93a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/VpnManagerServiceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server;
+
+import static android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.R;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.ContextUtils.mockService;
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
+import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertThrows;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+import android.annotation.UserIdInt;
+import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
+import android.net.INetd;
+import android.net.Uri;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.HandlerThread;
+import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
+import android.os.Looper;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
+import android.os.UserManager;
+import android.security.Credentials;
+
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import com.android.internal.net.VpnProfile;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.Vpn;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.VpnProfileStore;
+import com.android.server.net.LockdownVpnTracker;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+import com.android.testutils.HandlerUtils;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.List;
+
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@IgnoreUpTo(R) // VpnManagerService is not available before R
+@SmallTest
+public class VpnManagerServiceTest extends VpnTestBase {
+    @Rule
+    public final DevSdkIgnoreRule mIgnoreRule = new DevSdkIgnoreRule();
+
+    private static final int TIMEOUT_MS = 2_000;
+
+    @Mock Context mContext;
+    @Mock Context mSystemContext;
+    @Mock Context mUserAllContext;
+    private HandlerThread mHandlerThread;
+    @Mock private Vpn mVpn;
+    @Mock private INetworkManagementService mNms;
+    @Mock private ConnectivityManager mCm;
+    @Mock private UserManager mUserManager;
+    @Mock private INetd mNetd;
+    @Mock private PackageManager mPackageManager;
+    @Mock private VpnProfileStore mVpnProfileStore;
+    @Mock private LockdownVpnTracker mLockdownVpnTracker;
+
+    private VpnManagerServiceDependencies mDeps;
+    private VpnManagerService mService;
+    private BroadcastReceiver mUserPresentReceiver;
+    private BroadcastReceiver mIntentReceiver;
+    private final String mNotMyVpnPkg = "com.not.my.vpn";
+
+    class VpnManagerServiceDependencies extends VpnManagerService.Dependencies {
+        @Override
+        public HandlerThread makeHandlerThread() {
+            return mHandlerThread;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public INetworkManagementService getINetworkManagementService() {
+            return mNms;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public INetd getNetd() {
+            return mNetd;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Vpn createVpn(Looper looper, Context context, INetworkManagementService nms,
+                INetd netd, @UserIdInt int userId) {
+            return mVpn;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public VpnProfileStore getVpnProfileStore() {
+            return mVpnProfileStore;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public LockdownVpnTracker createLockDownVpnTracker(Context context, Handler handler,
+                Vpn vpn, VpnProfile profile) {
+            return mLockdownVpnTracker;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+
+        mHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("TestVpnManagerService");
+        mDeps = new VpnManagerServiceDependencies();
+        doReturn(mUserAllContext).when(mContext).createContextAsUser(UserHandle.ALL, 0);
+        doReturn(mSystemContext).when(mContext).createContextAsUser(UserHandle.SYSTEM, 0);
+        doReturn(mPackageManager).when(mContext).getPackageManager();
+        setMockedPackages(mPackageManager, sPackages);
+
+        mockService(mContext, ConnectivityManager.class, Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE, mCm);
+        mockService(mContext, UserManager.class, Context.USER_SERVICE, mUserManager);
+        doReturn(SYSTEM_USER).when(mUserManager).getUserInfo(eq(SYSTEM_USER_ID));
+
+        mService = new VpnManagerService(mContext, mDeps);
+        mService.systemReady();
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<BroadcastReceiver> intentReceiverCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(BroadcastReceiver.class);
+        final ArgumentCaptor<BroadcastReceiver> userPresentReceiverCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(BroadcastReceiver.class);
+        verify(mSystemContext).registerReceiver(
+                userPresentReceiverCaptor.capture(), any(), any(), any());
+        verify(mUserAllContext, times(2)).registerReceiver(
+                intentReceiverCaptor.capture(), any(), any(), any());
+        mUserPresentReceiver = userPresentReceiverCaptor.getValue();
+        mIntentReceiver = intentReceiverCaptor.getValue();
+
+        // Add user to create vpn in mVpn
+        onUserStarted(SYSTEM_USER_ID);
+        assertNotNull(mService.mVpns.get(SYSTEM_USER_ID));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUpdateAppExclusionList() {
+        // Start vpn
+        mService.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        verify(mVpn).startVpnProfile(eq(TEST_VPN_PKG));
+
+        // Remove package due to package replaced.
+        onPackageRemoved(PKGS[0], PKG_UIDS[0], true /* isReplacing */);
+        verify(mVpn, never()).refreshPlatformVpnAppExclusionList();
+
+        // Add package due to package replaced.
+        onPackageAdded(PKGS[0], PKG_UIDS[0], true /* isReplacing */);
+        verify(mVpn, never()).refreshPlatformVpnAppExclusionList();
+
+        // Remove package
+        onPackageRemoved(PKGS[0], PKG_UIDS[0], false /* isReplacing */);
+        verify(mVpn).refreshPlatformVpnAppExclusionList();
+
+        // Add the package back
+        onPackageAdded(PKGS[0], PKG_UIDS[0], false /* isReplacing */);
+        verify(mVpn, times(2)).refreshPlatformVpnAppExclusionList();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartVpnProfileFromDiffPackage() {
+        assertThrows(
+                SecurityException.class, () -> mService.startVpnProfile(mNotMyVpnPkg));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStopVpnProfileFromDiffPackage() {
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> mService.stopVpnProfile(mNotMyVpnPkg));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetProvisionedVpnProfileStateFromDiffPackage() {
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () ->
+                mService.getProvisionedVpnProfileState(mNotMyVpnPkg));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetProvisionedVpnProfileState() {
+        mService.getProvisionedVpnProfileState(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        verify(mVpn).getProvisionedVpnProfileState(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+    }
+
+    private Intent buildIntent(String action, String packageName, int userId, int uid,
+            boolean isReplacing) {
+        final Intent intent = new Intent(action);
+        intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, userId);
+        intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_UID, uid);
+        intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REPLACING, isReplacing);
+        if (packageName != null) {
+            intent.setData(Uri.fromParts("package" /* scheme */, packageName, null /* fragment */));
+        }
+
+        return intent;
+    }
+
+    private void sendIntent(Intent intent) {
+        sendIntent(mIntentReceiver, mContext, intent);
+    }
+
+    private void sendIntent(BroadcastReceiver receiver, Context context, Intent intent) {
+        final Handler h = mHandlerThread.getThreadHandler();
+
+        // Send in handler thread.
+        h.post(() -> receiver.onReceive(context, intent));
+        HandlerUtils.waitForIdle(mHandlerThread, TIMEOUT_MS);
+    }
+
+    private void onUserStarted(int userId) {
+        sendIntent(buildIntent(Intent.ACTION_USER_STARTED,
+                null /* packageName */, userId, -1 /* uid */, false /* isReplacing */));
+    }
+
+    private void onUserUnlocked(int userId) {
+        sendIntent(buildIntent(Intent.ACTION_USER_UNLOCKED,
+                null /* packageName */, userId, -1 /* uid */, false /* isReplacing */));
+    }
+
+    private void onUserStopped(int userId) {
+        sendIntent(buildIntent(Intent.ACTION_USER_STOPPED,
+                null /* packageName */, userId, -1 /* uid */, false /* isReplacing */));
+    }
+
+    private void onLockDownReset() {
+        sendIntent(buildIntent(LockdownVpnTracker.ACTION_LOCKDOWN_RESET, null /* packageName */,
+                UserHandle.USER_SYSTEM, -1 /* uid */, false /* isReplacing */));
+    }
+
+    private void onPackageAdded(String packageName, int userId, int uid, boolean isReplacing) {
+        sendIntent(buildIntent(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED, packageName, userId, uid, isReplacing));
+    }
+
+    private void onPackageAdded(String packageName, int uid, boolean isReplacing) {
+        onPackageAdded(packageName, UserHandle.USER_SYSTEM, uid, isReplacing);
+    }
+
+    private void onPackageRemoved(String packageName, int userId, int uid, boolean isReplacing) {
+        sendIntent(buildIntent(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED, packageName, userId, uid,
+                isReplacing));
+    }
+
+    private void onPackageRemoved(String packageName, int uid, boolean isReplacing) {
+        onPackageRemoved(packageName, UserHandle.USER_SYSTEM, uid, isReplacing);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testReceiveIntentFromNonHandlerThread() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () ->
+                mIntentReceiver.onReceive(mContext, buildIntent(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED,
+                        PKGS[0], UserHandle.USER_SYSTEM, PKG_UIDS[0], true /* isReplacing */)));
+
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () ->
+                mUserPresentReceiver.onReceive(mContext, new Intent(Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT)));
+    }
+
+    private void setupLockdownVpn(String packageName) {
+        final byte[] profileTag = packageName.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        doReturn(profileTag).when(mVpnProfileStore).get(Credentials.LOCKDOWN_VPN);
+    }
+
+    private void setupVpnProfile(String profileName) {
+        final VpnProfile profile = new VpnProfile(profileName);
+        profile.name = profileName;
+        profile.server = "192.0.2.1";
+        profile.dnsServers = "8.8.8.8";
+        profile.type = VpnProfile.TYPE_IPSEC_XAUTH_PSK;
+        final byte[] encodedProfile = profile.encode();
+        doReturn(encodedProfile).when(mVpnProfileStore).get(Credentials.VPN + profileName);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUserPresent() {
+        // Verify that LockDownVpnTracker is not created.
+        verify(mLockdownVpnTracker, never()).init();
+
+        setupLockdownVpn(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        setupVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+
+        // mUserPresentReceiver only registers ACTION_USER_PRESENT intent and does no verification
+        // on action, so an empty intent is enough.
+        sendIntent(mUserPresentReceiver, mSystemContext, new Intent());
+
+        verify(mLockdownVpnTracker).init();
+        verify(mSystemContext).unregisterReceiver(mUserPresentReceiver);
+        verify(mUserAllContext, never()).unregisterReceiver(any());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUpdateLockdownVpn() {
+        setupLockdownVpn(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        onUserUnlocked(SYSTEM_USER_ID);
+
+        // Will not create lockDownVpnTracker w/o valid profile configured in the keystore
+        verify(mLockdownVpnTracker, never()).init();
+
+        setupVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+
+        // Remove the user from mVpns
+        onUserStopped(SYSTEM_USER_ID);
+        onUserUnlocked(SYSTEM_USER_ID);
+        verify(mLockdownVpnTracker, never()).init();
+
+        // Add user back
+        onUserStarted(SYSTEM_USER_ID);
+        verify(mLockdownVpnTracker).init();
+
+        // Trigger another update. The existing LockDownVpnTracker should be shut down and
+        // initialize another one.
+        onUserUnlocked(SYSTEM_USER_ID);
+        verify(mLockdownVpnTracker).shutdown();
+        verify(mLockdownVpnTracker, times(2)).init();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLockdownReset() {
+        // Init LockdownVpnTracker
+        setupLockdownVpn(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        setupVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        onUserUnlocked(SYSTEM_USER_ID);
+        verify(mLockdownVpnTracker).init();
+
+        onLockDownReset();
+        verify(mLockdownVpnTracker).reset();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLockdownResetWhenLockdownVpnTrackerIsNotInit() {
+        setupLockdownVpn(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        setupVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+
+        onLockDownReset();
+
+        // LockDownVpnTracker is not created. Lockdown reset will not take effect.
+        verify(mLockdownVpnTracker, never()).reset();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIsVpnLockdownEnabled() {
+        // Vpn is created but the VPN lockdown is not enabled.
+        assertFalse(mService.isVpnLockdownEnabled(SYSTEM_USER_ID));
+
+        // Set lockdown for the SYSTEM_USER_ID VPN.
+        doReturn(true).when(mVpn).getLockdown();
+        assertTrue(mService.isVpnLockdownEnabled(SYSTEM_USER_ID));
+
+        // Even lockdown is enabled but no Vpn is created for SECONDARY_USER.
+        assertFalse(mService.isVpnLockdownEnabled(SECONDARY_USER.id));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetVpnLockdownAllowlist() {
+        doReturn(null).when(mVpn).getLockdownAllowlist();
+        assertNull(mService.getVpnLockdownAllowlist(SYSTEM_USER_ID));
+
+        final List<String> expected = List.of(PKGS);
+        doReturn(expected).when(mVpn).getLockdownAllowlist();
+        assertEquals(expected, mService.getVpnLockdownAllowlist(SYSTEM_USER_ID));
+
+        // Even lockdown is enabled but no Vpn is created for SECONDARY_USER.
+        assertNull(mService.getVpnLockdownAllowlist(SECONDARY_USER.id));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/VpnTestBase.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/VpnTestBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6113872
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/VpnTestBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server;
+
+import static android.content.pm.UserInfo.FLAG_ADMIN;
+import static android.content.pm.UserInfo.FLAG_MANAGED_PROFILE;
+import static android.content.pm.UserInfo.FLAG_PRIMARY;
+import static android.content.pm.UserInfo.FLAG_RESTRICTED;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer;
+
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
+import android.content.pm.UserInfo;
+import android.os.Process;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
+import android.util.ArrayMap;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+/** Common variables or methods shared between VpnTest and VpnManagerServiceTest. */
+public class VpnTestBase {
+    protected static final String TEST_VPN_PKG = "com.testvpn.vpn";
+    /**
+     * Names and UIDs for some fake packages. Important points:
+     *  - UID is ordered increasing.
+     *  - One pair of packages have consecutive UIDs.
+     */
+    protected static final String[] PKGS = {"com.example", "org.example", "net.example", "web.vpn"};
+    protected static final int[] PKG_UIDS = {10066, 10077, 10078, 10400};
+    // Mock packages
+    protected static final Map<String, Integer> sPackages = new ArrayMap<>();
+    static {
+        for (int i = 0; i < PKGS.length; i++) {
+            sPackages.put(PKGS[i], PKG_UIDS[i]);
+        }
+        sPackages.put(TEST_VPN_PKG, Process.myUid());
+    }
+
+    // Mock users
+    protected static final int SYSTEM_USER_ID = 0;
+    protected static final UserInfo SYSTEM_USER = new UserInfo(0, "system", UserInfo.FLAG_PRIMARY);
+    protected static final UserInfo PRIMARY_USER = new UserInfo(27, "Primary",
+            FLAG_ADMIN | FLAG_PRIMARY);
+    protected static final UserInfo SECONDARY_USER = new UserInfo(15, "Secondary", FLAG_ADMIN);
+    protected static final UserInfo RESTRICTED_PROFILE_A = new UserInfo(40, "RestrictedA",
+            FLAG_RESTRICTED);
+    protected static final UserInfo RESTRICTED_PROFILE_B = new UserInfo(42, "RestrictedB",
+            FLAG_RESTRICTED);
+    protected static final UserInfo MANAGED_PROFILE_A = new UserInfo(45, "ManagedA",
+            FLAG_MANAGED_PROFILE);
+    static {
+        RESTRICTED_PROFILE_A.restrictedProfileParentId = PRIMARY_USER.id;
+        RESTRICTED_PROFILE_B.restrictedProfileParentId = SECONDARY_USER.id;
+        MANAGED_PROFILE_A.profileGroupId = PRIMARY_USER.id;
+    }
+
+    // Populate a fake packageName-to-UID mapping.
+    protected void setMockedPackages(PackageManager mockPm, final Map<String, Integer> packages) {
+        try {
+            doAnswer(invocation -> {
+                final String appName = (String) invocation.getArguments()[0];
+                final int userId = (int) invocation.getArguments()[1];
+
+                final Integer appId = packages.get(appName);
+                if (appId == null) {
+                    throw new PackageManager.NameNotFoundException(appName);
+                }
+
+                return UserHandle.getUid(userId, appId);
+            }).when(mockPm).getPackageUidAsUser(anyString(), anyInt());
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected List<Integer> toList(int[] arr) {
+        return Arrays.stream(arr).boxed().collect(Collectors.toList());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/ClatCoordinatorTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/ClatCoordinatorTest.java
index c3d64cb..85bc4a9 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/ClatCoordinatorTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/ClatCoordinatorTest.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import static android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IPV6;
 
 import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_MTU;
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.ClatCoordinator.AID_CLAT;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.ClatCoordinator.CLAT_MAX_MTU;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.ClatCoordinator.EGRESS;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.ClatCoordinator.INGRESS;
@@ -30,12 +31,16 @@
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertThrows;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.argThat;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.clearInvocations;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.net.INetd;
@@ -46,13 +51,17 @@
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 
+import com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
 import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.ClatEgress4Key;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.ClatEgress4Value;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.ClatIngress6Key;
 import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.ClatIngress6Value;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapValue;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+import com.android.testutils.TestBpfMap;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
@@ -64,6 +73,7 @@
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.util.Objects;
@@ -84,10 +94,10 @@
     private static final int GOOGLE_DNS_4 = 0x08080808;  // 8.8.8.8
     private static final int NETID = 42;
 
-    // The test fwmark means: PERMISSION_SYSTEM (0x2), protectedFromVpn: true,
+    // The test fwmark means: PERMISSION_NETWORK | PERMISSION_SYSTEM (0x3), protectedFromVpn: true,
     // explicitlySelected: true, netid: 42. For bit field structure definition, see union Fwmark in
     // system/netd/include/Fwmark.h
-    private static final int MARK = 0xb002a;
+    private static final int MARK = 0xf002a;
 
     private static final String XLAT_LOCAL_IPV4ADDR_STRING = "192.0.0.46";
     private static final String XLAT_LOCAL_IPV6ADDR_STRING = "2001:db8:0:b11::464";
@@ -101,17 +111,17 @@
     private static final int RAW_SOCK_FD = 535;
     private static final int PACKET_SOCK_FD = 536;
     private static final long RAW_SOCK_COOKIE = 27149;
-    private static final ParcelFileDescriptor TUN_PFD = new ParcelFileDescriptor(
-            new FileDescriptor());
-    private static final ParcelFileDescriptor RAW_SOCK_PFD = new ParcelFileDescriptor(
-            new FileDescriptor());
-    private static final ParcelFileDescriptor PACKET_SOCK_PFD = new ParcelFileDescriptor(
-            new FileDescriptor());
+    private static final ParcelFileDescriptor TUN_PFD = spy(new ParcelFileDescriptor(
+            new FileDescriptor()));
+    private static final ParcelFileDescriptor RAW_SOCK_PFD = spy(new ParcelFileDescriptor(
+            new FileDescriptor()));
+    private static final ParcelFileDescriptor PACKET_SOCK_PFD = spy(new ParcelFileDescriptor(
+            new FileDescriptor()));
 
     private static final String EGRESS_PROG_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/prog_clatd_schedcls_egress4_clat_rawip";
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/net_shared/prog_clatd_schedcls_egress4_clat_rawip";
     private static final String INGRESS_PROG_PATH =
-            "/sys/fs/bpf/prog_clatd_schedcls_ingress6_clat_ether";
+            "/sys/fs/bpf/net_shared/prog_clatd_schedcls_ingress6_clat_ether";
     private static final ClatEgress4Key EGRESS_KEY = new ClatEgress4Key(STACKED_IFINDEX,
             INET4_LOCAL4);
     private static final ClatEgress4Value EGRESS_VALUE = new ClatEgress4Value(BASE_IFINDEX,
@@ -120,11 +130,19 @@
             INET6_PFX96, INET6_LOCAL6);
     private static final ClatIngress6Value INGRESS_VALUE = new ClatIngress6Value(STACKED_IFINDEX,
             INET4_LOCAL4);
+    private static final CookieTagMapKey COOKIE_TAG_KEY = new CookieTagMapKey(RAW_SOCK_COOKIE);
+    private static final CookieTagMapValue COOKIE_TAG_VALUE = new CookieTagMapValue(AID_CLAT,
+            0 /* tag, unused */);
+
+    private final TestBpfMap<ClatIngress6Key, ClatIngress6Value> mIngressMap =
+            spy(new TestBpfMap<>(ClatIngress6Key.class, ClatIngress6Value.class));
+    private final TestBpfMap<ClatEgress4Key, ClatEgress4Value> mEgressMap =
+            spy(new TestBpfMap<>(ClatEgress4Key.class, ClatEgress4Value.class));
+    private final TestBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> mCookieTagMap =
+            spy(new TestBpfMap<>(CookieTagMapKey.class, CookieTagMapValue.class));
 
     @Mock private INetd mNetd;
     @Spy private TestDependencies mDeps = new TestDependencies();
-    @Mock private IBpfMap<ClatIngress6Key, ClatIngress6Value> mIngressMap;
-    @Mock private IBpfMap<ClatEgress4Key, ClatEgress4Value> mEgressMap;
 
     /**
       * The dependency injection class is used to mock the JNI functions and system functions
@@ -303,25 +321,10 @@
         }
 
         /**
-         * Tag socket as clat.
+         * Get socket cookie.
          */
-        @Override
-        public long tagSocketAsClat(@NonNull FileDescriptor sock) throws IOException {
-            if (Objects.equals(RAW_SOCK_PFD.getFileDescriptor(), sock)) {
-                return RAW_SOCK_COOKIE;
-            }
-            fail("unsupported arg: " + sock);
-            return 0;
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Untag socket.
-         */
-        @Override
-        public void untagSocket(long cookie) throws IOException {
-            if (cookie != RAW_SOCK_COOKIE) {
-                fail("unsupported arg: " + cookie);
-            }
+        public long getSocketCookie(@NonNull FileDescriptor sock) throws IOException {
+            return RAW_SOCK_COOKIE;
         }
 
         /** Get ingress6 BPF map. */
@@ -336,6 +339,12 @@
             return mEgressMap;
         }
 
+        /** Get cookie tag map */
+        @Override
+        public IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> getBpfCookieTagMap() {
+            return mCookieTagMap;
+        }
+
         /** Checks if the network interface uses an ethernet L2 header. */
         public boolean isEthernet(String iface) throws IOException {
             if (BASE_IFACE.equals(iface)) return true;
@@ -390,8 +399,8 @@
     @Test
     public void testStartStopClatd() throws Exception {
         final ClatCoordinator coordinator = makeClatCoordinator();
-        final InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mNetd, mDeps, mIngressMap, mEgressMap);
-        clearInvocations(mNetd, mDeps, mIngressMap, mEgressMap);
+        final InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mNetd, mDeps, mIngressMap, mEgressMap, mCookieTagMap);
+        clearInvocations(mNetd, mDeps, mIngressMap, mEgressMap, mCookieTagMap);
 
         // [1] Start clatd.
         final String addr6For464xlat = coordinator.clatStart(BASE_IFACE, NETID, NAT64_IP_PREFIX);
@@ -434,8 +443,9 @@
         inOrder.verify(mDeps).addAnycastSetsockopt(
                 argThat(fd -> Objects.equals(RAW_SOCK_PFD.getFileDescriptor(), fd)),
                 eq(XLAT_LOCAL_IPV6ADDR_STRING), eq(BASE_IFINDEX));
-        inOrder.verify(mDeps).tagSocketAsClat(
+        inOrder.verify(mDeps).getSocketCookie(
                 argThat(fd -> Objects.equals(RAW_SOCK_PFD.getFileDescriptor(), fd)));
+        inOrder.verify(mCookieTagMap).insertEntry(eq(COOKIE_TAG_KEY), eq(COOKIE_TAG_VALUE));
         inOrder.verify(mDeps).configurePacketSocket(
                 argThat(fd -> Objects.equals(PACKET_SOCK_PFD.getFileDescriptor(), fd)),
                 eq(XLAT_LOCAL_IPV6ADDR_STRING), eq(BASE_IFINDEX));
@@ -471,7 +481,7 @@
         inOrder.verify(mIngressMap).deleteEntry(eq(INGRESS_KEY));
         inOrder.verify(mDeps).stopClatd(eq(BASE_IFACE), eq(NAT64_PREFIX_STRING),
                 eq(XLAT_LOCAL_IPV4ADDR_STRING), eq(XLAT_LOCAL_IPV6ADDR_STRING), eq(CLATD_PID));
-        inOrder.verify(mDeps).untagSocket(eq(RAW_SOCK_COOKIE));
+        inOrder.verify(mCookieTagMap).deleteEntry(eq(COOKIE_TAG_KEY));
         assertNull(coordinator.getClatdTrackerForTesting());
         inOrder.verifyNoMoreInteractions();
 
@@ -483,10 +493,10 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testGetFwmark() throws Exception {
-        assertEquals(0xb0064, ClatCoordinator.getFwmark(100));
-        assertEquals(0xb03e8, ClatCoordinator.getFwmark(1000));
-        assertEquals(0xb2710, ClatCoordinator.getFwmark(10000));
-        assertEquals(0xbffff, ClatCoordinator.getFwmark(65535));
+        assertEquals(0xf0064, ClatCoordinator.getFwmark(100));
+        assertEquals(0xf03e8, ClatCoordinator.getFwmark(1000));
+        assertEquals(0xf2710, ClatCoordinator.getFwmark(10000));
+        assertEquals(0xfffff, ClatCoordinator.getFwmark(65535));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -505,4 +515,227 @@
         // Expected mtu is that CLAT_MAX_MTU(65536) minus MTU_DELTA(28).
         assertEquals(65508, ClatCoordinator.adjustMtu(CLAT_MAX_MTU + 1 /* over maximum mtu */));
     }
+
+    private void verifyDump(final ClatCoordinator coordinator, boolean clatStarted) {
+        final StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
+        final IndentingPrintWriter ipw = new IndentingPrintWriter(stringWriter, " ");
+        coordinator.dump(ipw);
+
+        final String[] dumpStrings = stringWriter.toString().split("\n");
+        if (clatStarted) {
+            assertEquals(6, dumpStrings.length);
+            assertEquals("CLAT tracker: iface: test0 (1000), v4iface: v4-test0 (1001), "
+                    + "v4: /192.0.0.46, v6: /2001:db8:0:b11::464, pfx96: /64:ff9b::, "
+                    + "pid: 10483, cookie: 27149", dumpStrings[0].trim());
+            assertEquals("Forwarding rules:", dumpStrings[1].trim());
+            assertEquals("BPF ingress map: iif nat64Prefix v6Addr -> v4Addr oif",
+                    dumpStrings[2].trim());
+            assertEquals("1000 /64:ff9b::/96 /2001:db8:0:b11::464 -> /192.0.0.46 1001",
+                    dumpStrings[3].trim());
+            assertEquals("BPF egress map: iif v4Addr -> v6Addr nat64Prefix oif",
+                    dumpStrings[4].trim());
+            assertEquals("1001 /192.0.0.46 -> /2001:db8:0:b11::464 /64:ff9b::/96 1000 ether",
+                    dumpStrings[5].trim());
+        } else {
+            assertEquals(1, dumpStrings.length);
+            assertEquals("<not started>", dumpStrings[0].trim());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDump() throws Exception {
+        final ClatCoordinator coordinator = makeClatCoordinator();
+        verifyDump(coordinator, false /* clatStarted */);
+        coordinator.clatStart(BASE_IFACE, NETID, NAT64_IP_PREFIX);
+        verifyDump(coordinator, true /* clatStarted */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithInvalidPrefix() throws Exception {
+        final ClatCoordinator coordinator = makeClatCoordinator();
+        final IpPrefix invalidPrefix = new IpPrefix("2001:db8::/64");
+        assertThrows(IOException.class,
+                () -> coordinator.clatStart(BASE_IFACE, NETID, invalidPrefix));
+    }
+
+    private void checkNotStartClat(final TestDependencies deps, final boolean needToCloseTunFd,
+            final boolean needToClosePacketSockFd, final boolean needToCloseRawSockFd)
+            throws Exception {
+        clearInvocations(TUN_PFD, RAW_SOCK_PFD, PACKET_SOCK_PFD);
+
+        // [1] Expect that modified TestDependencies can't start clatd.
+        // Expect that the injection function of TestDependencies causes clatStart() failed.
+        final ClatCoordinator coordinatorWithBrokenDeps = new ClatCoordinator(deps);
+        assertThrows(IOException.class,
+                () -> coordinatorWithBrokenDeps.clatStart(BASE_IFACE, NETID, NAT64_IP_PREFIX));
+
+        // Use precise check to make sure that there is no unexpected file descriptor closing.
+        if (needToCloseTunFd) {
+            verify(TUN_PFD).close();
+        } else {
+            verify(TUN_PFD, never()).close();
+        }
+        if (needToClosePacketSockFd) {
+            verify(PACKET_SOCK_PFD).close();
+        } else {
+            verify(PACKET_SOCK_PFD, never()).close();
+        }
+        if (needToCloseRawSockFd) {
+            verify(RAW_SOCK_PFD).close();
+        } else {
+            verify(RAW_SOCK_PFD, never()).close();
+        }
+
+        // Check that dump doesn't crash after any clat starting failure.
+        verifyDump(coordinatorWithBrokenDeps, false /* clatStarted */);
+
+        // [2] Expect that unmodified TestDependencies can start clatd.
+        // Used to make sure that the above modified TestDependencies has really broken the
+        // clatd starting.
+        final ClatCoordinator coordinatorWithDefaultDeps = new ClatCoordinator(
+                new TestDependencies());
+        assertNotNull(coordinatorWithDefaultDeps.clatStart(BASE_IFACE, NETID, NAT64_IP_PREFIX));
+    }
+
+    // The following testNotStartClat* tests verifies bunches of code for unwinding the
+    // failure if any.
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithNativeFailureSelectIpv4Address() throws Exception {
+        class FailureDependencies extends TestDependencies {
+            @Override
+            public String selectIpv4Address(@NonNull String v4addr, int prefixlen)
+                    throws IOException {
+                throw new IOException();
+            }
+        }
+        checkNotStartClat(new FailureDependencies(), false /* needToCloseTunFd */,
+                false /* needToClosePacketSockFd */, false /* needToCloseRawSockFd */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithNativeFailureGenerateIpv6Address() throws Exception {
+        class FailureDependencies extends TestDependencies {
+            @Override
+            public String generateIpv6Address(@NonNull String iface, @NonNull String v4,
+                    @NonNull String prefix64) throws IOException {
+                throw new IOException();
+            }
+        }
+        checkNotStartClat(new FailureDependencies(), false /* needToCloseTunFd */,
+                false /* needToClosePacketSockFd */, false /* needToCloseRawSockFd */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithNativeFailureCreateTunInterface() throws Exception {
+        class FailureDependencies extends TestDependencies {
+            @Override
+            public int createTunInterface(@NonNull String tuniface) throws IOException {
+                throw new IOException();
+            }
+        }
+        checkNotStartClat(new FailureDependencies(), false /* needToCloseTunFd */,
+                false /* needToClosePacketSockFd */, false /* needToCloseRawSockFd */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithNativeFailureDetectMtu() throws Exception {
+        class FailureDependencies extends TestDependencies {
+            @Override
+            public int detectMtu(@NonNull String platSubnet, int platSuffix, int mark)
+                    throws IOException {
+                throw new IOException();
+            }
+        }
+        checkNotStartClat(new FailureDependencies(), true /* needToCloseTunFd */,
+                false /* needToClosePacketSockFd */, false /* needToCloseRawSockFd */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithNativeFailureOpenPacketSocket() throws Exception {
+        class FailureDependencies extends TestDependencies {
+            @Override
+            public int openPacketSocket() throws IOException {
+                throw new IOException();
+            }
+        }
+        checkNotStartClat(new FailureDependencies(), true /* needToCloseTunFd */,
+                false /* needToClosePacketSockFd */, false /* needToCloseRawSockFd */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithNativeFailureOpenRawSocket6() throws Exception {
+        class FailureDependencies extends TestDependencies {
+            @Override
+            public int openRawSocket6(int mark) throws IOException {
+                throw new IOException();
+            }
+        }
+        checkNotStartClat(new FailureDependencies(), true /* needToCloseTunFd */,
+                true /* needToClosePacketSockFd */, false /* needToCloseRawSockFd */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithNativeFailureAddAnycastSetsockopt() throws Exception {
+        class FailureDependencies extends TestDependencies {
+            @Override
+            public void addAnycastSetsockopt(@NonNull FileDescriptor sock, String v6,
+                    int ifindex) throws IOException {
+                throw new IOException();
+            }
+        }
+        checkNotStartClat(new FailureDependencies(), true /* needToCloseTunFd */,
+                true /* needToClosePacketSockFd */, true /* needToCloseRawSockFd */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithNativeFailureConfigurePacketSocket() throws Exception {
+        class FailureDependencies extends TestDependencies {
+            @Override
+            public void configurePacketSocket(@NonNull FileDescriptor sock, String v6,
+                    int ifindex) throws IOException {
+                throw new IOException();
+            }
+        }
+        checkNotStartClat(new FailureDependencies(), true /* needToCloseTunFd */,
+                true /* needToClosePacketSockFd */, true /* needToCloseRawSockFd */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithNativeFailureStartClatd() throws Exception {
+        class FailureDependencies extends TestDependencies {
+            @Override
+            public int startClatd(@NonNull FileDescriptor tunfd, @NonNull FileDescriptor readsock6,
+                    @NonNull FileDescriptor writesock6, @NonNull String iface,
+                    @NonNull String pfx96, @NonNull String v4, @NonNull String v6)
+                    throws IOException {
+                throw new IOException();
+            }
+        }
+        checkNotStartClat(new FailureDependencies(), true /* needToCloseTunFd */,
+                true /* needToClosePacketSockFd */, true /* needToCloseRawSockFd */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithNativeFailureGetSocketCookie() throws Exception {
+        class FailureDependencies extends TestDependencies {
+            @Override
+            public long getSocketCookie(@NonNull FileDescriptor sock) throws IOException {
+                throw new IOException();
+            }
+        }
+        checkNotStartClat(new FailureDependencies(), true /* needToCloseTunFd */,
+                true /* needToClosePacketSockFd */, true /* needToCloseRawSockFd */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNotStartClatWithNullCookieTagMap() throws Exception {
+        class FailureDependencies extends TestDependencies {
+            @Override
+            public IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> getBpfCookieTagMap() {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+        checkNotStartClat(new FailureDependencies(), true /* needToCloseTunFd */,
+                true /* needToClosePacketSockFd */, true /* needToCloseRawSockFd */);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/FullScoreTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/FullScoreTest.kt
index c03a9cd..b39e960 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/FullScoreTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/FullScoreTest.kt
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 import android.net.NetworkAgentConfig
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities
+import android.net.NetworkScore
+import android.net.NetworkScore.KEEP_CONNECTED_FOR_HANDOVER
 import android.net.NetworkScore.KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE
 import android.os.Build
 import android.text.TextUtils
@@ -25,7 +27,9 @@
 import android.util.Log
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
 import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.MAX_CS_MANAGED_POLICY
+import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.MIN_CS_MANAGED_POLICY
 import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED
+import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_EVER_EVALUATED
 import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_EVER_USER_SELECTED
 import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_IS_DESTROYED
 import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_IS_UNMETERED
@@ -40,6 +44,7 @@
 import kotlin.reflect.full.staticProperties
 import kotlin.test.assertEquals
 import kotlin.test.assertFalse
+import kotlin.test.assertNotEquals
 import kotlin.test.assertTrue
 
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
@@ -52,6 +57,7 @@
         vpn: Boolean = false,
         onceChosen: Boolean = false,
         acceptUnvalidated: Boolean = false,
+        everEvaluated: Boolean = true,
         destroyed: Boolean = false
     ): FullScore {
         val nac = NetworkAgentConfig.Builder().apply {
@@ -62,7 +68,8 @@
             if (vpn) addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_VPN)
             if (validated) addCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED)
         }.build()
-        return mixInScore(nc, nac, validated, false /* yieldToBadWifi */, destroyed)
+        return mixInScore(nc, nac, validated, false /* avoidUnvalidated */,
+                false /* yieldToBadWifi */, everEvaluated, destroyed)
     }
 
     private val TAG = this::class.simpleName
@@ -83,33 +90,10 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testGetLegacyInt() {
-        val ns = FullScore(50, 0L /* policy */, KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE)
-        assertEquals(10, ns.legacyInt) // -40 penalty for not being validated
-        assertEquals(50, ns.legacyIntAsValidated)
-
-        val vpnNs = FullScore(101, 0L /* policy */, KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE).withPolicies(vpn = true)
-        assertEquals(101, vpnNs.legacyInt) // VPNs are not subject to unvalidation penalty
-        assertEquals(101, vpnNs.legacyIntAsValidated)
-        assertEquals(101, vpnNs.withPolicies(validated = true).legacyInt)
-        assertEquals(101, vpnNs.withPolicies(validated = true).legacyIntAsValidated)
-
-        val validatedNs = ns.withPolicies(validated = true)
-        assertEquals(50, validatedNs.legacyInt) // No penalty, this is validated
-        assertEquals(50, validatedNs.legacyIntAsValidated)
-
-        val chosenNs = ns.withPolicies(onceChosen = true)
-        assertEquals(10, chosenNs.legacyInt)
-        assertEquals(100, chosenNs.legacyIntAsValidated)
-        assertEquals(10, chosenNs.withPolicies(acceptUnvalidated = true).legacyInt)
-        assertEquals(50, chosenNs.withPolicies(acceptUnvalidated = true).legacyIntAsValidated)
-    }
-
-    @Test
     fun testToString() {
-        val string = FullScore(10, 0L /* policy */, KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE)
+        val string = FullScore(0L /* policy */, KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE)
                 .withPolicies(vpn = true, acceptUnvalidated = true).toString()
-        assertTrue(string.contains("Score(10"), string)
+        assertTrue(string.contains("Score("), string)
         assertTrue(string.contains("ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED"), string)
         assertTrue(string.contains("IS_VPN"), string)
         assertFalse(string.contains("IS_VALIDATED"), string)
@@ -131,7 +115,7 @@
 
     @Test
     fun testHasPolicy() {
-        val ns = FullScore(50, 0L /* policy */, KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE)
+        val ns = FullScore(0L /* policy */, KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE)
         assertFalse(ns.hasPolicy(POLICY_IS_VALIDATED))
         assertFalse(ns.hasPolicy(POLICY_IS_VPN))
         assertFalse(ns.hasPolicy(POLICY_EVER_USER_SELECTED))
@@ -141,6 +125,7 @@
         assertTrue(ns.withPolicies(onceChosen = true).hasPolicy(POLICY_EVER_USER_SELECTED))
         assertTrue(ns.withPolicies(acceptUnvalidated = true).hasPolicy(POLICY_ACCEPT_UNVALIDATED))
         assertTrue(ns.withPolicies(destroyed = true).hasPolicy(POLICY_IS_DESTROYED))
+        assertTrue(ns.withPolicies(everEvaluated = true).hasPolicy(POLICY_EVER_EVALUATED))
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -148,12 +133,23 @@
         val policies = getAllPolicies()
 
         policies.forEach { policy ->
-            assertTrue(policy.get() as Int >= FullScore.MIN_CS_MANAGED_POLICY)
-            assertTrue(policy.get() as Int <= FullScore.MAX_CS_MANAGED_POLICY)
+            assertTrue(policy.get() as Int >= MIN_CS_MANAGED_POLICY)
+            assertTrue(policy.get() as Int <= MAX_CS_MANAGED_POLICY)
         }
-        assertEquals(FullScore.MIN_CS_MANAGED_POLICY,
-                policies.minOfOrNull { it.get() as Int })
-        assertEquals(FullScore.MAX_CS_MANAGED_POLICY,
-                policies.maxOfOrNull { it.get() as Int })
+        assertEquals(MIN_CS_MANAGED_POLICY, policies.minOfOrNull { it.get() as Int })
+        assertEquals(MAX_CS_MANAGED_POLICY, policies.maxOfOrNull { it.get() as Int })
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testEquals() {
+        val ns1 = FullScore(0L /* policy */, KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE)
+        val ns2 = FullScore(0L /* policy */, KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE)
+        val ns3 = FullScore(0L /* policy */, KEEP_CONNECTED_FOR_HANDOVER)
+        val ns4 = NetworkScore.Builder().setLegacyInt(50).build()
+        assertEquals(ns1, ns1)
+        assertEquals(ns2, ns1)
+        assertNotEquals(ns1.withPolicies(validated = true), ns1)
+        assertNotEquals(ns3, ns1)
+        assertFalse(ns1.equals(ns4))
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/IpConnectivityMetricsTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/IpConnectivityMetricsTest.java
index 063ccd3..719314a 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/IpConnectivityMetricsTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/IpConnectivityMetricsTest.java
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@
 import android.net.metrics.ValidationProbeEvent;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.system.OsConstants;
 import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.SmallTest;
 import android.util.Base64;
@@ -138,18 +140,16 @@
     private void logDefaultNetworkEvent(long timeMs, NetworkAgentInfo nai,
             NetworkAgentInfo oldNai) {
         final Network network = (nai != null) ? nai.network() : null;
-        final int score = (nai != null) ? nai.getCurrentScore() : 0;
-        final boolean validated = (nai != null) ? nai.lastValidated : false;
+        final boolean validated = (nai != null) ? nai.isValidated() : false;
         final LinkProperties lp = (nai != null) ? nai.linkProperties : null;
         final NetworkCapabilities nc = (nai != null) ? nai.networkCapabilities : null;
 
         final Network prevNetwork = (oldNai != null) ? oldNai.network() : null;
-        final int prevScore = (oldNai != null) ? oldNai.getCurrentScore() : 0;
         final LinkProperties prevLp = (oldNai != null) ? oldNai.linkProperties : null;
         final NetworkCapabilities prevNc = (oldNai != null) ? oldNai.networkCapabilities : null;
 
-        mService.mDefaultNetworkMetrics.logDefaultNetworkEvent(timeMs, network, score, validated,
-                lp, nc, prevNetwork, prevScore, prevLp, prevNc);
+        mService.mDefaultNetworkMetrics.logDefaultNetworkEvent(timeMs, network, 0 /* legacyScore */,
+                validated, lp, nc, prevNetwork, 0 /* prevLegacyScore */, prevLp, prevNc);
     }
     @Test
     public void testDefaultNetworkEvents() throws Exception {
@@ -158,15 +158,15 @@
 
         NetworkAgentInfo[][] defaultNetworks = {
             // nothing -> cell
-            {null, makeNai(100, 10, false, true, cell)},
+            {null, makeNai(100, false, true, cell)},
             // cell -> wifi
-            {makeNai(100, 50, true, true, cell), makeNai(101, 20, true, false, wifi)},
+            {makeNai(100, true, true, cell), makeNai(101, true, false, wifi)},
             // wifi -> nothing
-            {makeNai(101, 60, true, false, wifi), null},
+            {makeNai(101, true, false, wifi), null},
             // nothing -> cell
-            {null, makeNai(102, 10, true, true, cell)},
+            {null, makeNai(102, true, true, cell)},
             // cell -> wifi
-            {makeNai(102, 50, true, true, cell), makeNai(103, 20, true, false, wifi)},
+            {makeNai(102, true, true, cell), makeNai(103, true, false, wifi)},
         };
 
         long timeMs = mService.mDefaultNetworkMetrics.creationTimeMs;
@@ -204,8 +204,8 @@
                 "  transports: 1",
                 "  default_network_event <",
                 "    default_network_duration_ms: 2002",
-                "    final_score: 50",
-                "    initial_score: 10",
+                "    final_score: 0",
+                "    initial_score: 0",
                 "    ip_support: 3",
                 "    no_default_network_duration_ms: 0",
                 "    previous_default_network_link_layer: 0",
@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@
                 "  transports: 2",
                 "  default_network_event <",
                 "    default_network_duration_ms: 4004",
-                "    final_score: 60",
-                "    initial_score: 20",
+                "    final_score: 0",
+                "    initial_score: 0",
                 "    ip_support: 1",
                 "    no_default_network_duration_ms: 0",
                 "    previous_default_network_link_layer: 2",
@@ -255,8 +255,8 @@
                 "  transports: 1",
                 "  default_network_event <",
                 "    default_network_duration_ms: 16016",
-                "    final_score: 50",
-                "    initial_score: 10",
+                "    final_score: 0",
+                "    initial_score: 0",
                 "    ip_support: 3",
                 "    no_default_network_duration_ms: 0",
                 "    previous_default_network_link_layer: 4",
@@ -348,8 +348,8 @@
         long timeMs = mService.mDefaultNetworkMetrics.creationTimeMs;
         final long cell = BitUtils.packBits(new int[]{NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR});
         final long wifi = BitUtils.packBits(new int[]{NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI});
-        NetworkAgentInfo cellNai = makeNai(100, 50, false, true, cell);
-        NetworkAgentInfo wifiNai = makeNai(101, 60, true, false, wifi);
+        final NetworkAgentInfo cellNai = makeNai(100, false, true, cell);
+        final NetworkAgentInfo wifiNai = makeNai(101, true, false, wifi);
         logDefaultNetworkEvent(timeMs + 200L, cellNai, null);
         logDefaultNetworkEvent(timeMs + 300L, wifiNai, cellNai);
 
@@ -463,8 +463,8 @@
                 "  transports: 1",
                 "  default_network_event <",
                 "    default_network_duration_ms: 100",
-                "    final_score: 50",
-                "    initial_score: 50",
+                "    final_score: 0",
+                "    initial_score: 0",
                 "    ip_support: 2",
                 "    no_default_network_duration_ms: 0",
                 "    previous_default_network_link_layer: 0",
@@ -611,13 +611,15 @@
         mNetdListener.onWakeupEvent(prefix, uid, ether, ip, mac, srcIp, dstIp, sport, dport, now);
     }
 
-    NetworkAgentInfo makeNai(int netId, int score, boolean ipv4, boolean ipv6, long transports) {
+    NetworkAgentInfo makeNai(int netId, boolean ipv4, boolean ipv6, long transports) {
         NetworkAgentInfo nai = mock(NetworkAgentInfo.class);
         when(nai.network()).thenReturn(new Network(netId));
-        when(nai.getCurrentScore()).thenReturn(score);
         nai.linkProperties = new LinkProperties();
         nai.networkCapabilities = new NetworkCapabilities();
-        nai.lastValidated = true;
+        nai.setValidated(true);
+        doReturn(true).when(nai).isValidated();
+        doReturn(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()).when(nai).getFirstValidationTime();
+        doReturn(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()).when(nai).getCurrentValidationTime();
         for (int t : BitUtils.unpackBits(transports)) {
             nai.networkCapabilities.addTransportType(t);
         }
@@ -632,8 +634,6 @@
         return nai;
     }
 
-
-
     static void verifySerialization(String want, String output) {
         try {
             byte[] got = Base64.decode(output, Base64.DEFAULT);
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitorTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitorTest.java
index 58a7c89..0d371fa 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitorTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitorTest.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyBoolean;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyInt;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@
 
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
 import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
 import android.net.ConnectivityResources;
@@ -85,12 +87,14 @@
     @Mock NetworkNotificationManager mNotifier;
     @Mock Resources mResources;
     @Mock QosCallbackTracker mQosCallbackTracker;
+    @Mock PackageManager mPackageManager;
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
         when(mCtx.getResources()).thenReturn(mResources);
         when(mCtx.getPackageName()).thenReturn("com.android.server.connectivity");
+        doReturn(mPackageManager).when(mCtx).getPackageManager();
         ConnectivityResources.setResourcesContextForTest(mCtx);
 
         mMonitor = new TestableLingerMonitor(mCtx, mNotifier, HIGH_DAILY_LIMIT, HIGH_RATE_LIMIT);
@@ -272,9 +276,8 @@
     public void testIgnoreNeverValidatedNetworks() {
         setNotificationType(LingerMonitor.NOTIFY_TYPE_TOAST);
         setNotificationSwitch(transition(WIFI, CELLULAR));
-        NetworkAgentInfo from = wifiNai(100);
+        NetworkAgentInfo from = wifiNai(100, false /* setEverValidated */);
         NetworkAgentInfo to = cellNai(101);
-        from.everValidated = false;
 
         mMonitor.noteLingerDefaultNetwork(from, to);
         verifyNoNotifications();
@@ -286,7 +289,7 @@
         setNotificationSwitch(transition(WIFI, CELLULAR));
         NetworkAgentInfo from = wifiNai(100);
         NetworkAgentInfo to = cellNai(101);
-        from.lastValidated = true;
+        from.setValidated(true);
 
         mMonitor.noteLingerDefaultNetwork(from, to);
         verifyNoNotifications();
@@ -363,7 +366,8 @@
                 eq(NotificationType.NETWORK_SWITCH), eq(from), eq(to), any(), eq(true));
     }
 
-    NetworkAgentInfo nai(int netId, int transport, int networkType, String networkTypeName) {
+    NetworkAgentInfo nai(int netId, int transport, int networkType, String networkTypeName,
+            boolean setEverValidated) {
         NetworkInfo info = new NetworkInfo(networkType, 0, networkTypeName, "");
         NetworkCapabilities caps = new NetworkCapabilities();
         caps.addCapability(0);
@@ -373,18 +377,32 @@
                 mCtx, null, new NetworkAgentConfig.Builder().build(), mConnService, mNetd,
                 mDnsResolver, NetworkProvider.ID_NONE, Binder.getCallingUid(), TEST_LINGER_DELAY_MS,
                 mQosCallbackTracker, new ConnectivityService.Dependencies());
-        nai.everValidated = true;
+        if (setEverValidated) {
+            // As tests in this class deal with testing lingering, most tests are interested
+            // in networks that can be lingered, and therefore must have validated in the past.
+            // Thus, pretend the network validated once, then became invalidated.
+            nai.setValidated(true);
+            nai.setValidated(false);
+        }
         return nai;
     }
 
     NetworkAgentInfo wifiNai(int netId) {
+        return wifiNai(netId, true /* setEverValidated */);
+    }
+
+    NetworkAgentInfo wifiNai(int netId, boolean setEverValidated) {
         return nai(netId, NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI,
-                ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI, WIFI);
+                ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI, WIFI, setEverValidated);
     }
 
     NetworkAgentInfo cellNai(int netId) {
+        return cellNai(netId, true /* setEverValidated */);
+    }
+
+    NetworkAgentInfo cellNai(int netId, boolean setEverValidated) {
         return nai(netId, NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR,
-                ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE, CELLULAR);
+                ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE, CELLULAR, setEverValidated);
     }
 
     public static class TestableLingerMonitor extends LingerMonitor {
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b52e8a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.res.Resources
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_HANDOVER
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_PERFORMANCE
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_RELIABILITY
+import android.net.ConnectivityResources
+import android.net.ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI
+import android.net.ConnectivitySettingsManager.NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE
+import com.android.server.connectivity.MultinetworkPolicyTracker.ActiveDataSubscriptionIdListener
+import android.os.Build
+import android.os.Handler
+import android.os.test.TestLooper
+import android.provider.Settings
+import android.telephony.SubscriptionInfo
+import android.telephony.SubscriptionManager
+import android.telephony.TelephonyManager
+import android.test.mock.MockContentResolver
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
+import com.android.connectivity.resources.R
+import com.android.internal.util.test.FakeSettingsProvider
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
+import org.junit.After
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor
+import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt
+import org.mockito.Mockito.any
+import org.mockito.Mockito.doCallRealMethod
+import org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn
+import org.mockito.Mockito.mock
+import org.mockito.Mockito.times
+import org.mockito.Mockito.verify
+
+const val HANDLER_TIMEOUT_MS = 400
+
+/**
+ * Tests for [MultinetworkPolicyTracker].
+ *
+ * Build, install and run with:
+ * atest FrameworksNetTest:MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTest
+ */
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
+@SmallTest
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+class MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTest {
+    private val resources = mock(Resources::class.java).also {
+        doReturn(0).`when`(it).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi)
+        doReturn(0).`when`(it).getInteger(R.integer.config_activelyPreferBadWifi)
+    }
+    private val telephonyManager = mock(TelephonyManager::class.java)
+    private val subscriptionManager = mock(SubscriptionManager::class.java).also {
+        doReturn(null).`when`(it).getActiveSubscriptionInfo(anyInt())
+    }
+    private val resolver = MockContentResolver().apply {
+        addProvider(Settings.AUTHORITY, FakeSettingsProvider()) }
+    private val context = mock(Context::class.java).also {
+        doReturn(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE).`when`(it)
+                .getSystemServiceName(TelephonyManager::class.java)
+        doReturn(telephonyManager).`when`(it).getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE)
+        if (it.getSystemService(TelephonyManager::class.java) == null) {
+            // Test is using mockito extended
+            doCallRealMethod().`when`(it).getSystemService(TelephonyManager::class.java)
+        }
+        doReturn(subscriptionManager).`when`(it)
+                .getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SUBSCRIPTION_SERVICE)
+        doReturn(resolver).`when`(it).contentResolver
+        doReturn(resources).`when`(it).resources
+        doReturn(it).`when`(it).createConfigurationContext(any())
+        Settings.Global.putString(resolver, NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI, "1")
+        ConnectivityResources.setResourcesContextForTest(it)
+    }
+    private val csLooper = TestLooper()
+    private val handler = Handler(csLooper.looper)
+    private val trackerDependencies = MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTestDependencies(resources)
+    private val tracker = MultinetworkPolicyTracker(context, handler,
+            null /* avoidBadWifiCallback */, trackerDependencies)
+
+    private fun assertMultipathPreference(preference: Int) {
+        Settings.Global.putString(resolver, NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE,
+                preference.toString())
+        tracker.updateMeteredMultipathPreference()
+        assertEquals(preference, tracker.meteredMultipathPreference)
+    }
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        tracker.start()
+    }
+
+    @After
+    fun tearDown() {
+        ConnectivityResources.setResourcesContextForTest(null)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testUpdateMeteredMultipathPreference() {
+        assertMultipathPreference(MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_HANDOVER)
+        assertMultipathPreference(MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_RELIABILITY)
+        assertMultipathPreference(MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_PERFORMANCE)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testUpdateAvoidBadWifi() {
+        doReturn(0).`when`(resources).getInteger(R.integer.config_activelyPreferBadWifi)
+        Settings.Global.putString(resolver, NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI, "0")
+        assertTrue(tracker.updateAvoidBadWifi())
+        assertFalse(tracker.avoidBadWifi)
+
+        doReturn(1).`when`(resources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkAvoidBadWifi)
+        assertTrue(tracker.updateAvoidBadWifi())
+        assertTrue(tracker.avoidBadWifi)
+
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastU()) {
+            // On U+, the system always prefers bad wifi.
+            assertTrue(tracker.activelyPreferBadWifi)
+        } else {
+            assertFalse(tracker.activelyPreferBadWifi)
+        }
+
+        doReturn(1).`when`(resources).getInteger(R.integer.config_activelyPreferBadWifi)
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastU()) {
+            // On U+, this didn't change the setting
+            assertFalse(tracker.updateAvoidBadWifi())
+        } else {
+            // On T-, this must have changed the setting
+            assertTrue(tracker.updateAvoidBadWifi())
+        }
+        // In all cases, now the system actively prefers bad wifi
+        assertTrue(tracker.activelyPreferBadWifi)
+
+        // Remaining tests are only useful on T-, which support both the old and new mode.
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastU()) return
+
+        doReturn(0).`when`(resources).getInteger(R.integer.config_activelyPreferBadWifi)
+        assertTrue(tracker.updateAvoidBadWifi())
+        assertFalse(tracker.activelyPreferBadWifi)
+
+        // Simulate update of device config
+        trackerDependencies.putConfigActivelyPreferBadWifi(1)
+        csLooper.dispatchAll()
+        assertTrue(tracker.activelyPreferBadWifi)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testOnActiveDataSubscriptionIdChanged() {
+        val testSubId = 1000
+        val subscriptionInfo = SubscriptionInfo(testSubId, ""/* iccId */, 1/* iccId */,
+                "TMO"/* displayName */, "TMO"/* carrierName */, 1/* nameSource */, 1/* iconTint */,
+                "123"/* number */, 1/* roaming */, null/* icon */, "310"/* mcc */, "210"/* mnc */,
+                ""/* countryIso */, false/* isEmbedded */, null/* nativeAccessRules */,
+                "1"/* cardString */)
+        doReturn(subscriptionInfo).`when`(subscriptionManager).getActiveSubscriptionInfo(testSubId)
+
+        // Modify avoidBadWifi and meteredMultipathPreference settings value and local variables in
+        // MultinetworkPolicyTracker should be also updated after subId changed.
+        Settings.Global.putString(resolver, NETWORK_AVOID_BAD_WIFI, "0")
+        Settings.Global.putString(resolver, NETWORK_METERED_MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE,
+                MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_PERFORMANCE.toString())
+
+        assertTrue(tracker.avoidBadWifi)
+
+        val listenerCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(
+                ActiveDataSubscriptionIdListener::class.java)
+        verify(telephonyManager, times(1))
+                .registerTelephonyCallback(any(), listenerCaptor.capture())
+        val listener = listenerCaptor.value
+        listener.onActiveDataSubscriptionIdChanged(testSubId)
+
+        // Check if avoidBadWifi and meteredMultipathPreference values have been updated.
+        assertFalse(tracker.avoidBadWifi)
+        assertEquals(MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_PERFORMANCE, tracker.meteredMultipathPreference)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTestDependencies.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTestDependencies.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..744c020
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTestDependencies.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package com.android.server.connectivity
+
+import android.content.res.Resources
+import android.net.ConnectivityResources
+import android.provider.DeviceConfig
+import android.provider.DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY
+import android.provider.DeviceConfig.OnPropertiesChangedListener
+import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy
+import com.android.server.connectivity.MultinetworkPolicyTracker.CONFIG_ACTIVELY_PREFER_BAD_WIFI
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor
+
+class MultinetworkPolicyTrackerTestDependencies(private val resources: Resources) :
+        MultinetworkPolicyTracker.Dependencies() {
+    @GuardedBy("listeners")
+    private var configActivelyPreferBadWifi = 0
+    // TODO : move this to an actual fake device config object
+    @GuardedBy("listeners")
+    private val listeners = mutableListOf<Pair<Executor, OnPropertiesChangedListener>>()
+
+    fun putConfigActivelyPreferBadWifi(value: Int) {
+        synchronized(listeners) {
+            if (value == configActivelyPreferBadWifi) return
+            configActivelyPreferBadWifi = value
+            val p = DeviceConfig.Properties(NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY,
+                    mapOf(CONFIG_ACTIVELY_PREFER_BAD_WIFI to value.toString()))
+            listeners.forEach { (executor, listener) ->
+                executor.execute { listener.onPropertiesChanged(p) }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun getConfigActivelyPreferBadWifi(): Int {
+        return synchronized(listeners) { configActivelyPreferBadWifi }
+    }
+
+    override fun addOnDevicePropertiesChangedListener(
+        e: Executor,
+        listener: OnPropertiesChangedListener
+    ) {
+        synchronized(listeners) {
+            listeners.add(e to listener)
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun getResourcesForActiveSubId(res: ConnectivityResources, id: Int): Resources =
+            resources
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MultipathPolicyTrackerTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MultipathPolicyTrackerTest.java
index ec51537..d1bf40e 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MultipathPolicyTrackerTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MultipathPolicyTrackerTest.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 import static com.android.server.net.NetworkPolicyManagerInternal.QUOTA_TYPE_MULTIPATH;
 import static com.android.server.net.NetworkPolicyManagerService.OPPORTUNISTIC_QUOTA_UNKNOWN;
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
@@ -184,7 +185,7 @@
                 (int) setting);
     }
 
-    private void testGetMultipathPreference(
+    private void prepareGetMultipathPreferenceTest(
             long usedBytesToday, long subscriptionQuota, long policyWarning, long policyLimit,
             long defaultGlobalSetting, long defaultResSetting, boolean roaming) {
 
@@ -286,7 +287,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testGetMultipathPreference_SubscriptionQuota() {
-        testGetMultipathPreference(
+        prepareGetMultipathPreferenceTest(
                 DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(2) /* usedBytesToday */,
                 DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(14) /* subscriptionQuota */,
                 DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(100) /* policyWarning */,
@@ -301,7 +302,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testGetMultipathPreference_UserWarningQuota() {
-        testGetMultipathPreference(
+        prepareGetMultipathPreferenceTest(
                 DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(7) /* usedBytesToday */,
                 OPPORTUNISTIC_QUOTA_UNKNOWN,
                 // Remaining days are 29 days from Apr. 2nd to May 1st.
@@ -320,7 +321,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testGetMultipathPreference_SnoozedWarningQuota() {
-        testGetMultipathPreference(
+        prepareGetMultipathPreferenceTest(
                 DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(7) /* usedBytesToday */,
                 OPPORTUNISTIC_QUOTA_UNKNOWN,
                 POLICY_SNOOZED /* policyWarning */,
@@ -339,7 +340,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testGetMultipathPreference_SnoozedBothQuota() {
-        testGetMultipathPreference(
+        prepareGetMultipathPreferenceTest(
                 DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(7) /* usedBytesToday */,
                 OPPORTUNISTIC_QUOTA_UNKNOWN,
                 // 29 days from Apr. 2nd to May 1st
@@ -356,7 +357,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testGetMultipathPreference_SettingChanged() {
-        testGetMultipathPreference(
+        prepareGetMultipathPreferenceTest(
                 DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(2) /* usedBytesToday */,
                 OPPORTUNISTIC_QUOTA_UNKNOWN,
                 WARNING_DISABLED,
@@ -381,7 +382,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testGetMultipathPreference_ResourceChanged() {
-        testGetMultipathPreference(
+        prepareGetMultipathPreferenceTest(
                 DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(2) /* usedBytesToday */,
                 OPPORTUNISTIC_QUOTA_UNKNOWN,
                 WARNING_DISABLED,
@@ -404,4 +405,45 @@
         verify(mStatsManager, times(1)).registerUsageCallback(
                 any(), eq(DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(14)), any(), any());
     }
+
+    @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+    @Test
+    public void testOnThresholdReached() {
+        prepareGetMultipathPreferenceTest(
+                DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(2) /* usedBytesToday */,
+                DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(14) /* subscriptionQuota */,
+                DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(100) /* policyWarning */,
+                LIMIT_DISABLED,
+                DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(12) /* defaultGlobalSetting */,
+                2_500_000 /* defaultResSetting */,
+                false /* roaming */);
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback> usageCallbackCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback.class);
+        final ArgumentCaptor<NetworkTemplate> networkTemplateCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NetworkTemplate.class);
+        // Verify the callback is registered with quota - used = 14 - 2 = 12MB.
+        verify(mStatsManager, times(1)).registerUsageCallback(
+                networkTemplateCaptor.capture(), eq(DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(12)), any(),
+                usageCallbackCaptor.capture());
+
+        // Capture arguments for later use.
+        final NetworkStatsManager.UsageCallback usageCallback = usageCallbackCaptor.getValue();
+        final NetworkTemplate template = networkTemplateCaptor.getValue();
+        assertNotNull(usageCallback);
+        assertNotNull(template);
+
+        // Decrease quota from 14 to 11, and trigger the event.
+        // TODO: Mock daily and monthly used bytes instead of changing subscription to simulate
+        //  remaining quota changed.
+        when(mNPMI.getSubscriptionOpportunisticQuota(TEST_NETWORK, QUOTA_TYPE_MULTIPATH))
+                .thenReturn(DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(11));
+        usageCallback.onThresholdReached(template);
+
+        // Callback must have been re-registered with new remaining quota = 11 - 2 = 9MB.
+        verify(mStatsManager, times(1))
+                .unregisterUsageCallback(eq(usageCallback));
+        verify(mStatsManager, times(1)).registerUsageCallback(
+                eq(template), eq(DataUnit.MEGABYTES.toBytes(9)), any(), eq(usageCallback));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464XlatTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464XlatTest.java
index aa4c4e3..06e0d6d 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464XlatTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464XlatTest.java
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
@@ -44,8 +46,11 @@
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
 
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
@@ -75,13 +80,20 @@
     @Mock IDnsResolver mDnsResolver;
     @Mock INetd mNetd;
     @Mock NetworkAgentInfo mNai;
+    @Mock ClatCoordinator mClatCoordinator;
 
     TestLooper mLooper;
     Handler mHandler;
     NetworkAgentConfig mAgentConfig = new NetworkAgentConfig();
 
     Nat464Xlat makeNat464Xlat(boolean isCellular464XlatEnabled) {
-        return new Nat464Xlat(mNai, mNetd, mDnsResolver, new ConnectivityService.Dependencies()) {
+        final ConnectivityService.Dependencies deps = new ConnectivityService.Dependencies() {
+            @Override public ClatCoordinator getClatCoordinator(INetd netd) {
+                return mClatCoordinator;
+            }
+        };
+
+        return new Nat464Xlat(mNai, mNetd, mDnsResolver, deps) {
             @Override protected int getNetId() {
                 return NETID;
             }
@@ -208,6 +220,39 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private <T> T verifyWithOrder(@Nullable InOrder inOrder, @NonNull T t) {
+        if (inOrder != null) {
+            return inOrder.verify(t);
+        } else {
+            return verify(t);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void verifyClatdStart(@Nullable InOrder inOrder) throws Exception {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mClatCoordinator)
+                .clatStart(eq(BASE_IFACE), eq(NETID), eq(new IpPrefix(NAT64_PREFIX)));
+        } else {
+            verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mNetd).clatdStart(eq(BASE_IFACE), eq(NAT64_PREFIX));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void verifyNeverClatdStart() throws Exception {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            verify(mClatCoordinator, never()).clatStart(anyString(), anyInt(), any());
+        } else {
+            verify(mNetd, never()).clatdStart(anyString(), anyString());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void verifyClatdStop(@Nullable InOrder inOrder) throws Exception {
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastT()) {
+            verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mClatCoordinator).clatStop();
+        } else {
+            verifyWithOrder(inOrder, mNetd).clatdStop(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        }
+    }
+
     private void checkNormalStartAndStop(boolean dueToDisconnect) throws Exception {
         Nat464Xlat nat = makeNat464Xlat(true);
         ArgumentCaptor<LinkProperties> c = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(LinkProperties.class);
@@ -219,7 +264,7 @@
         // Start clat.
         nat.start();
 
-        verify(mNetd).clatdStart(eq(BASE_IFACE), eq(NAT64_PREFIX));
+        verifyClatdStart(null /* inOrder */);
 
         // Stacked interface up notification arrives.
         nat.interfaceLinkStateChanged(STACKED_IFACE, true);
@@ -235,7 +280,7 @@
         makeClatUnnecessary(dueToDisconnect);
         nat.stop();
 
-        verify(mNetd).clatdStop(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verifyClatdStop(null /* inOrder */);
         verify(mConnectivity, times(2)).handleUpdateLinkProperties(eq(mNai), c.capture());
         assertTrue(c.getValue().getStackedLinks().isEmpty());
         assertFalse(c.getValue().getAllInterfaceNames().contains(STACKED_IFACE));
@@ -262,7 +307,7 @@
     private void checkStartStopStart(boolean interfaceRemovedFirst) throws Exception {
         Nat464Xlat nat = makeNat464Xlat(true);
         ArgumentCaptor<LinkProperties> c = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(LinkProperties.class);
-        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mNetd, mConnectivity);
+        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mNetd, mConnectivity, mClatCoordinator);
 
         mNai.linkProperties.addLinkAddress(V6ADDR);
 
@@ -270,7 +315,7 @@
 
         nat.start();
 
-        inOrder.verify(mNetd).clatdStart(eq(BASE_IFACE), eq(NAT64_PREFIX));
+        verifyClatdStart(inOrder);
 
         // Stacked interface up notification arrives.
         nat.interfaceLinkStateChanged(STACKED_IFACE, true);
@@ -284,7 +329,7 @@
         // ConnectivityService stops clat (Network disconnects, IPv4 addr appears, ...).
         nat.stop();
 
-        inOrder.verify(mNetd).clatdStop(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verifyClatdStop(inOrder);
 
         inOrder.verify(mConnectivity, times(1)).handleUpdateLinkProperties(eq(mNai), c.capture());
         assertTrue(c.getValue().getStackedLinks().isEmpty());
@@ -306,7 +351,7 @@
 
         nat.start();
 
-        inOrder.verify(mNetd).clatdStart(eq(BASE_IFACE), eq(NAT64_PREFIX));
+        verifyClatdStart(inOrder);
 
         if (!interfaceRemovedFirst) {
             // Stacked interface removed notification arrives and is ignored.
@@ -328,7 +373,7 @@
         // ConnectivityService stops clat again.
         nat.stop();
 
-        inOrder.verify(mNetd).clatdStop(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verifyClatdStop(inOrder);
 
         inOrder.verify(mConnectivity, times(1)).handleUpdateLinkProperties(eq(mNai), c.capture());
         assertTrue(c.getValue().getStackedLinks().isEmpty());
@@ -357,7 +402,7 @@
 
         nat.start();
 
-        verify(mNetd).clatdStart(eq(BASE_IFACE), eq(NAT64_PREFIX));
+        verifyClatdStart(null /* inOrder */);
 
         // Stacked interface up notification arrives.
         nat.interfaceLinkStateChanged(STACKED_IFACE, true);
@@ -373,7 +418,7 @@
         nat.interfaceRemoved(STACKED_IFACE);
         mLooper.dispatchNext();
 
-        verify(mNetd).clatdStop(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verifyClatdStop(null /* inOrder */);
         verify(mConnectivity, times(2)).handleUpdateLinkProperties(eq(mNai), c.capture());
         verify(mDnsResolver).stopPrefix64Discovery(eq(NETID));
         assertTrue(c.getValue().getStackedLinks().isEmpty());
@@ -395,13 +440,13 @@
 
         nat.start();
 
-        verify(mNetd).clatdStart(eq(BASE_IFACE), eq(NAT64_PREFIX));
+        verifyClatdStart(null /* inOrder */);
 
         // ConnectivityService immediately stops clat (Network disconnects, IPv4 addr appears, ...)
         makeClatUnnecessary(dueToDisconnect);
         nat.stop();
 
-        verify(mNetd).clatdStop(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verifyClatdStop(null /* inOrder */);
         verify(mDnsResolver).stopPrefix64Discovery(eq(NETID));
         assertIdle(nat);
 
@@ -437,13 +482,13 @@
 
         nat.start();
 
-        verify(mNetd).clatdStart(eq(BASE_IFACE), eq(NAT64_PREFIX));
+        verifyClatdStart(null /* inOrder */);
 
         // ConnectivityService immediately stops clat (Network disconnects, IPv4 addr appears, ...)
         makeClatUnnecessary(dueToDisconnect);
         nat.stop();
 
-        verify(mNetd).clatdStop(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verifyClatdStop(null /* inOrder */);
         verify(mDnsResolver).stopPrefix64Discovery(eq(NETID));
         assertIdle(nat);
 
@@ -518,7 +563,7 @@
             mNai.linkProperties.setNat64Prefix(nat64Prefix);
             nat.setNat64PrefixFromRa(nat64Prefix);
             nat.update();
-            verify(mNetd, never()).clatdStart(anyString(), anyString());
+            verifyNeverClatdStart();
             assertIdle(nat);
         } else {
             // Prefix discovery is started.
@@ -529,7 +574,7 @@
             mNai.linkProperties.setNat64Prefix(nat64Prefix);
             nat.setNat64PrefixFromRa(nat64Prefix);
             nat.update();
-            verify(mNetd).clatdStart(BASE_IFACE, NAT64_PREFIX);
+            verifyClatdStart(null /* inOrder */);
             assertStarting(nat);
         }
     }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManagerTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManagerTest.java
index 2cf5d8e..53097b6 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManagerTest.java
@@ -385,11 +385,13 @@
         doReturn(true).when(mResources).getBoolean(
                 R.bool.config_notifyNoInternetAsDialogWhenHighPriority);
 
+        final Instrumentation instr = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
+        UiDevice.getInstance(instr).pressHome();
+
         mManager.showNotification(TEST_NOTIF_ID, NETWORK_SWITCH, mWifiNai, mCellNai, null, false);
         // Non-"no internet" notifications are not affected
         verify(mNotificationManager).notify(eq(TEST_NOTIF_TAG), eq(NETWORK_SWITCH.eventId), any());
 
-        final Instrumentation instr = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
         final Context ctx = instr.getContext();
         final String testAction = "com.android.connectivity.coverage.TEST_DIALOG";
         final Intent intent = new Intent(testAction)
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkOfferTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkOfferTest.kt
index d03c567..f9a0927 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkOfferTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkOfferTest.kt
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 
     @Test
     fun testOfferNeededUnneeded() {
-        val score = FullScore(50, POLICY_NONE, KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE)
+        val score = FullScore(POLICY_NONE, KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE)
         val offer = NetworkOffer(score, NetworkCapabilities.Builder().build(), mockCallback,
                 1 /* providerId */)
         val request1 = mock(NetworkRequest::class.java)
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRankerTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRankerTest.kt
index 4408958..1e3f389 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRankerTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRankerTest.kt
@@ -17,31 +17,38 @@
 package com.android.server.connectivity
 
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL as NET_CAP_PORTAL
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI
 import android.net.NetworkScore.KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE
-import android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_EXITING
-import android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_TRANSPORT_PRIMARY
-import android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI
+import android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_EXITING as EXITING
+import android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_TRANSPORT_PRIMARY as PRIMARY
+import android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI as YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI
 import android.os.Build
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
-import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD
-import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_IS_VALIDATED
+import com.android.connectivity.resources.R
+import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_AVOIDED_WHEN_UNVALIDATED as AVOIDED_UNVALID
+import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_EVER_EVALUATED as EVER_EVALUATED
+import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED as EVER_VALIDATED
+import com.android.server.connectivity.FullScore.POLICY_IS_VALIDATED as IS_VALIDATED
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
-import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
+import org.junit.Rule
 import org.junit.Test
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.junit.runners.Parameterized
 import kotlin.test.assertEquals
 
-private fun score(vararg policies: Int) = FullScore(0,
+private fun score(vararg policies: Int) = FullScore(
         policies.fold(0L) { acc, e -> acc or (1L shl e) }, KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE)
-private fun caps(transport: Int) = NetworkCapabilities.Builder().addTransportType(transport).build()
+private fun caps(transport: Int, vararg capabilities: Int) =
+        NetworkCapabilities.Builder().addTransportType(transport).apply {
+            capabilities.forEach { addCapability(it) }
+        }.build()
 
 @SmallTest
-@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
-class NetworkRankerTest {
-    private val mRanker = NetworkRanker()
+@RunWith(Parameterized::class)
+class NetworkRankerTest(private val activelyPreferBadWifi: Boolean) {
+    private val mRanker = NetworkRanker(NetworkRanker.Configuration(activelyPreferBadWifi))
 
     private class TestScore(private val sc: FullScore, private val nc: NetworkCapabilities)
             : NetworkRanker.Scoreable {
@@ -49,124 +56,144 @@
         override fun getCapsNoCopy(): NetworkCapabilities = nc
     }
 
+    @get:Rule
+    val mIgnoreRule: DevSdkIgnoreRule = DevSdkIgnoreRule(ignoreClassUpTo = Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+
+    companion object {
+        @JvmStatic
+        @Parameterized.Parameters
+        fun ranker() = listOf(true, false)
+    }
+
+    // Helpers to shorten syntax
+    private fun rank(vararg scores: TestScore) =
+            mRanker.getBestNetworkByPolicy(scores.toList(), null /* currentSatisfier */)
+    val CAPS_CELL = caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
+    val CAPS_WIFI = caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+    val CAPS_WIFI_PORTAL = caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI, NET_CAP_PORTAL)
+
     @Test
-    fun testYieldToBadWiFiOneCell() {
+    fun testYieldToBadWiFi_oneCell() {
         // Only cell, it wins
-        val winner = TestScore(score(POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, POLICY_IS_VALIDATED),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR))
-        val scores = listOf(winner)
-        assertEquals(winner, mRanker.getBestNetworkByPolicy(scores, null))
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        assertEquals(cell, rank(cell))
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testYieldToBadWiFiOneCellOneBadWiFi() {
+    fun testPreferBadWifi_oneCellOneEvaluatingWifi() {
+        val wifi = TestScore(score(), caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI))
+        val cell = TestScore(score(YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED, EVER_EVALUATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        assertEquals(cell, rank(wifi, cell))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testYieldToBadWiFi_oneCellOneBadWiFi() {
         // Bad wifi wins against yielding validated cell
-        val winner = TestScore(score(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI))
-        val scores = listOf(
-                winner,
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, POLICY_IS_VALIDATED),
-                        caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR))
-        )
-        assertEquals(winner, mRanker.getBestNetworkByPolicy(scores, null))
+        val badWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        assertEquals(badWifi, rank(badWifi, cell))
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testYieldToBadWiFiOneCellTwoBadWiFi() {
+    fun testPreferBadWifi_oneCellOneBadWifi() {
+        val badWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        val winner = if (activelyPreferBadWifi) badWifi else cell
+        assertEquals(winner, rank(badWifi, cell))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testPreferBadWifi_oneCellOneCaptivePortalWifi() {
+        val portalWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED), CAPS_WIFI_PORTAL)
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        assertEquals(cell, rank(portalWifi, cell))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testYieldToBadWifi_oneCellOneCaptivePortalWifiThatClosed() {
+        val portalWifiClosed = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED), CAPS_WIFI_PORTAL)
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        assertEquals(portalWifiClosed, rank(portalWifiClosed, cell))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testYieldToBadWifi_avoidUnvalidated() {
+        // Bad wifi avoided when unvalidated loses against yielding validated cell
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        val avoidedWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED, AVOIDED_UNVALID),
+                CAPS_WIFI)
+        assertEquals(cell, rank(cell, avoidedWifi))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testYieldToBadWiFi_oneCellTwoBadWiFi() {
         // Bad wifi wins against yielding validated cell. Prefer the one that's primary.
-        val winner = TestScore(score(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD,
-                POLICY_TRANSPORT_PRIMARY), caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI))
-        val scores = listOf(
-                winner,
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD),
-                        caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI)),
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, POLICY_IS_VALIDATED),
-                        caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR))
-        )
-        assertEquals(winner, mRanker.getBestNetworkByPolicy(scores, null))
+        val primaryBadWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED, PRIMARY), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val secondaryBadWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        assertEquals(primaryBadWifi, rank(primaryBadWifi, secondaryBadWifi, cell))
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testYieldToBadWiFiOneCellTwoBadWiFiOneNotAvoided() {
+    fun testYieldToBadWiFi_oneCellTwoBadWiFiOneNotAvoided() {
         // Bad wifi ever validated wins against bad wifi that never was validated (or was
         // avoided when bad).
-        val winner = TestScore(score(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI))
-        val scores = listOf(
-                winner,
-                TestScore(score(), caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI)),
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, POLICY_IS_VALIDATED),
-                        caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR))
-        )
-        assertEquals(winner, mRanker.getBestNetworkByPolicy(scores, null))
+        val badWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val neverValidatedWifi = TestScore(score(), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        assertEquals(badWifi, rank(badWifi, neverValidatedWifi, cell))
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testYieldToBadWiFiOneCellOneBadWiFiOneGoodWiFi() {
+    fun testYieldToBadWiFi_oneCellOneBadWiFiOneGoodWiFi() {
         // Good wifi wins
-        val winner = TestScore(score(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD,
-                POLICY_IS_VALIDATED), caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI))
-        val scores = listOf(
-                winner,
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD,
-                        POLICY_TRANSPORT_PRIMARY), caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI)),
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, POLICY_IS_VALIDATED),
-                        caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR))
-        )
-        assertEquals(winner, mRanker.getBestNetworkByPolicy(scores, null))
+        val goodWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val badWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED, PRIMARY), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        assertEquals(goodWifi, rank(goodWifi, badWifi, cell))
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testYieldToBadWiFiTwoCellsOneBadWiFi() {
+    fun testPreferBadWifi_oneCellOneBadWifiOneEvaluatingWifi() {
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        val badWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val evaluatingWifi = TestScore(score(), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val winner = if (activelyPreferBadWifi) badWifi else cell
+        assertEquals(winner, rank(cell, badWifi, evaluatingWifi))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testYieldToBadWiFi_twoCellsOneBadWiFi() {
         // Cell that doesn't yield wins over cell that yields and bad wifi
-        val winner = TestScore(score(POLICY_IS_VALIDATED), caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR))
-        val scores = listOf(
-                winner,
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD,
-                        POLICY_TRANSPORT_PRIMARY), caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI)),
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, POLICY_IS_VALIDATED),
-                        caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR))
-        )
-        assertEquals(winner, mRanker.getBestNetworkByPolicy(scores, null))
+        val cellNotYield = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        val badWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED, PRIMARY), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val cellYield = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        assertEquals(cellNotYield, rank(cellNotYield, badWifi, cellYield))
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testYieldToBadWiFiTwoCellsOneBadWiFiOneGoodWiFi() {
+    fun testYieldToBadWiFi_twoCellsOneBadWiFiOneGoodWiFi() {
         // Good wifi wins over cell that doesn't yield and cell that yields
-        val winner = TestScore(score(POLICY_IS_VALIDATED), caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI))
-        val scores = listOf(
-                winner,
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD,
-                        POLICY_TRANSPORT_PRIMARY), caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI)),
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_IS_VALIDATED), caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)),
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, POLICY_IS_VALIDATED),
-                        caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR))
-        )
-        assertEquals(winner, mRanker.getBestNetworkByPolicy(scores, null))
+        val goodWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val badWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED, PRIMARY), CAPS_WIFI)
+        val cellNotYield = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        val cellYield = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        assertEquals(goodWifi, rank(goodWifi, badWifi, cellNotYield, cellYield))
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testYieldToBadWiFiOneExitingGoodWiFi() {
+    fun testYieldToBadWiFi_oneExitingGoodWiFi() {
         // Yielding cell wins over good exiting wifi
-        val winner = TestScore(score(POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, POLICY_IS_VALIDATED),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR))
-        val scores = listOf(
-                winner,
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_IS_VALIDATED, POLICY_EXITING), caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI))
-        )
-        assertEquals(winner, mRanker.getBestNetworkByPolicy(scores, null))
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        val exitingWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, IS_VALIDATED, EXITING), CAPS_WIFI)
+        assertEquals(cell, rank(cell, exitingWifi))
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testYieldToBadWiFiOneExitingBadWiFi() {
+    fun testYieldToBadWiFi_oneExitingBadWiFi() {
         // Yielding cell wins over bad exiting wifi
-        val winner = TestScore(score(POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, POLICY_IS_VALIDATED),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR))
-        val scores = listOf(
-                winner,
-                TestScore(score(POLICY_EVER_VALIDATED_NOT_AVOIDED_WHEN_BAD,
-                        POLICY_EXITING), caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI))
-        )
-        assertEquals(winner, mRanker.getBestNetworkByPolicy(scores, null))
+        val cell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI, IS_VALIDATED), CAPS_CELL)
+        val badExitingWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED, EXITING), CAPS_WIFI)
+        assertEquals(cell, rank(cell, badExitingWifi))
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java
index fb821c3..354e79a 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java
@@ -695,7 +695,8 @@
         mNetdMonitor.expectNetworkPerm(PERMISSION_SYSTEM, new UserHandle[]{MOCK_USER1},
                 SYSTEM_APPID1);
 
-        final List<PackageInfo> pkgs = List.of(buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_APP_UID21,
+        final List<PackageInfo> pkgs = List.of(
+                buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_APP_UID21,
                         CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS),
                 buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE2, SYSTEM_APP_UID21, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE));
         doReturn(pkgs).when(mPackageManager).getInstalledPackagesAsUser(eq(GET_PERMISSIONS),
@@ -761,9 +762,10 @@
                 MOCK_APPID1);
     }
 
-    @Test
-    public void testUidFilteringDuringVpnConnectDisconnectAndUidUpdates() throws Exception {
-        doReturn(List.of(buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_APP_UID11, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE,
+    private void doTestUidFilteringDuringVpnConnectDisconnectAndUidUpdates(@Nullable String ifName)
+            throws Exception {
+        doReturn(List.of(
+                buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_APP_UID11, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE,
                         CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS),
                 buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11),
                 buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE2, MOCK_UID12),
@@ -771,15 +773,15 @@
                 .when(mPackageManager).getInstalledPackagesAsUser(eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt());
         buildAndMockPackageInfoWithPermissions(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11);
         mPermissionMonitor.startMonitoring();
-        // Every app on user 0 except MOCK_UID12 are under VPN.
+        // Every app on user 0 except MOCK_UID12 is subject to the VPN.
         final Set<UidRange> vpnRange1 = Set.of(
                 new UidRange(0, MOCK_UID12 - 1),
                 new UidRange(MOCK_UID12 + 1, UserHandle.PER_USER_RANGE - 1));
         final Set<UidRange> vpnRange2 = Set.of(new UidRange(MOCK_UID12, MOCK_UID12));
 
         // When VPN is connected, expect a rule to be set up for user app MOCK_UID11
-        mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesAdded("tun0", vpnRange1, VPN_UID);
-        verify(mBpfNetMaps).addUidInterfaceRules(eq("tun0"), aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID11}));
+        mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesAdded(ifName, vpnRange1, VPN_UID);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).addUidInterfaceRules(eq(ifName), aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID11}));
 
         reset(mBpfNetMaps);
 
@@ -787,28 +789,40 @@
         mPermissionMonitor.onPackageRemoved(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11);
         verify(mBpfNetMaps).removeUidInterfaceRules(aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID11}));
         mPermissionMonitor.onPackageAdded(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11);
-        verify(mBpfNetMaps).addUidInterfaceRules(eq("tun0"), aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID11}));
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).addUidInterfaceRules(eq(ifName), aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID11}));
 
         reset(mBpfNetMaps);
 
         // During VPN uid update (vpnRange1 -> vpnRange2), ConnectivityService first deletes the
         // old UID rules then adds the new ones. Expect netd to be updated
-        mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesRemoved("tun0", vpnRange1, VPN_UID);
+        mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesRemoved(ifName, vpnRange1, VPN_UID);
         verify(mBpfNetMaps).removeUidInterfaceRules(aryEq(new int[] {MOCK_UID11}));
-        mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesAdded("tun0", vpnRange2, VPN_UID);
-        verify(mBpfNetMaps).addUidInterfaceRules(eq("tun0"), aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID12}));
+        mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesAdded(ifName, vpnRange2, VPN_UID);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).addUidInterfaceRules(eq(ifName), aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID12}));
 
         reset(mBpfNetMaps);
 
         // When VPN is disconnected, expect rules to be torn down
-        mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesRemoved("tun0", vpnRange2, VPN_UID);
+        mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesRemoved(ifName, vpnRange2, VPN_UID);
         verify(mBpfNetMaps).removeUidInterfaceRules(aryEq(new int[] {MOCK_UID12}));
-        assertNull(mPermissionMonitor.getVpnUidRanges("tun0"));
+        assertNull(mPermissionMonitor.getVpnInterfaceUidRanges(ifName));
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testUidFilteringDuringPackageInstallAndUninstall() throws Exception {
-        doReturn(List.of(buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_APP_UID11, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE,
+    public void testUidFilteringDuringVpnConnectDisconnectAndUidUpdates() throws Exception {
+        doTestUidFilteringDuringVpnConnectDisconnectAndUidUpdates("tun0");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUidFilteringDuringVpnConnectDisconnectAndUidUpdatesWithWildcard()
+            throws Exception {
+        doTestUidFilteringDuringVpnConnectDisconnectAndUidUpdates(null /* ifName */);
+    }
+
+    private void doTestUidFilteringDuringPackageInstallAndUninstall(@Nullable String ifName) throws
+            Exception {
+        doReturn(List.of(
+                buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_APP_UID11, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE,
                         NETWORK_STACK, CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS),
                 buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE2, VPN_UID)))
                 .when(mPackageManager).getInstalledPackagesAsUser(eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt());
@@ -818,12 +832,12 @@
         mPermissionMonitor.startMonitoring();
         final Set<UidRange> vpnRange = Set.of(UidRange.createForUser(MOCK_USER1),
                 UidRange.createForUser(MOCK_USER2));
-        mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesAdded("tun0", vpnRange, VPN_UID);
+        mPermissionMonitor.onVpnUidRangesAdded(ifName, vpnRange, VPN_UID);
 
         // Newly-installed package should have uid rules added
         addPackageForUsers(new UserHandle[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2}, MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_APPID1);
-        verify(mBpfNetMaps).addUidInterfaceRules(eq("tun0"), aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID11}));
-        verify(mBpfNetMaps).addUidInterfaceRules(eq("tun0"), aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID21}));
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).addUidInterfaceRules(eq(ifName), aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID11}));
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).addUidInterfaceRules(eq(ifName), aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID21}));
 
         // Removed package should have its uid rules removed
         mPermissionMonitor.onPackageRemoved(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11);
@@ -831,6 +845,162 @@
         verify(mBpfNetMaps, never()).removeUidInterfaceRules(aryEq(new int[]{MOCK_UID21}));
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testUidFilteringDuringPackageInstallAndUninstall() throws Exception {
+        doTestUidFilteringDuringPackageInstallAndUninstall("tun0");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUidFilteringDuringPackageInstallAndUninstallWithWildcard() throws Exception {
+        doTestUidFilteringDuringPackageInstallAndUninstall(null /* ifName */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLockdownUidFilteringWithLockdownEnableDisable() {
+        doReturn(List.of(
+                buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_APP_UID11, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE,
+                        CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS),
+                buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11),
+                buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE2, MOCK_UID12),
+                buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE2, VPN_UID)))
+                .when(mPackageManager).getInstalledPackagesAsUser(eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt());
+        mPermissionMonitor.startMonitoring();
+        // Every app on user 0 except MOCK_UID12 is subject to the VPN.
+        final UidRange[] lockdownRange = {
+                new UidRange(0, MOCK_UID12 - 1),
+                new UidRange(MOCK_UID12 + 1, UserHandle.PER_USER_RANGE - 1)
+        };
+
+        // Add Lockdown uid range, expect a rule to be set up for MOCK_UID11 and VPN_UID
+        mPermissionMonitor.updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(true /* add */, lockdownRange);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps, times(2)).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(), eq(true) /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(MOCK_UID11, true /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(VPN_UID, true /* add */);
+        assertEquals(mPermissionMonitor.getVpnLockdownUidRanges(), Set.of(lockdownRange));
+
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+        // Remove Lockdown uid range, expect rules to be torn down
+        mPermissionMonitor.updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(false /* add */, lockdownRange);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps, times(2)).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(), eq(false) /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(MOCK_UID11, false /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(VPN_UID, false /* add */);
+        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.getVpnLockdownUidRanges().isEmpty());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLockdownUidFilteringWithLockdownEnableDisableWithMultiAdd() {
+        doReturn(List.of(
+                buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_APP_UID11, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE,
+                        CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS),
+                buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11),
+                buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE2, VPN_UID)))
+                .when(mPackageManager).getInstalledPackagesAsUser(eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt());
+        mPermissionMonitor.startMonitoring();
+        // MOCK_UID11 is subject to the VPN.
+        final UidRange range = new UidRange(MOCK_UID11, MOCK_UID11);
+        final UidRange[] lockdownRange = {range};
+
+        // Add Lockdown uid range at 1st time, expect a rule to be set up
+        mPermissionMonitor.updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(true /* add */, lockdownRange);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(), eq(true) /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(MOCK_UID11, true /* add */);
+        assertEquals(mPermissionMonitor.getVpnLockdownUidRanges(), Set.of(lockdownRange));
+
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+        // Add Lockdown uid range at 2nd time, expect a rule not to be set up because the uid
+        // already has the rule
+        mPermissionMonitor.updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(true /* add */, lockdownRange);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps, never()).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(),  anyBoolean());
+        assertEquals(mPermissionMonitor.getVpnLockdownUidRanges(), Set.of(lockdownRange));
+
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+        // Remove Lockdown uid range at 1st time, expect a rule not to be torn down because we added
+        // the range 2 times.
+        mPermissionMonitor.updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(false /* add */, lockdownRange);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps, never()).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(),  anyBoolean());
+        assertEquals(mPermissionMonitor.getVpnLockdownUidRanges(), Set.of(lockdownRange));
+
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+        // Remove Lockdown uid range at 2nd time, expect a rule to be torn down because we added
+        // twice and we removed twice.
+        mPermissionMonitor.updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(false /* add */, lockdownRange);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(), eq(false) /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(MOCK_UID11, false /* add */);
+        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.getVpnLockdownUidRanges().isEmpty());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLockdownUidFilteringWithLockdownEnableDisableWithDuplicates() {
+        doReturn(List.of(
+                buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_APP_UID11, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE,
+                        CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS),
+                buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11),
+                buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE2, VPN_UID)))
+                .when(mPackageManager).getInstalledPackagesAsUser(eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt());
+        mPermissionMonitor.startMonitoring();
+        // MOCK_UID11 is subject to the VPN.
+        final UidRange range = new UidRange(MOCK_UID11, MOCK_UID11);
+        final UidRange[] lockdownRangeDuplicates = {range, range};
+        final UidRange[] lockdownRange = {range};
+
+        // Add Lockdown uid ranges which contains duplicated uid ranges
+        mPermissionMonitor.updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(true /* add */, lockdownRangeDuplicates);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(), eq(true) /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(MOCK_UID11, true /* add */);
+        assertEquals(mPermissionMonitor.getVpnLockdownUidRanges(), Set.of(lockdownRange));
+
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+        // Remove Lockdown uid range at 1st time, expect a rule not to be torn down because uid
+        // ranges we added contains duplicated uid ranges.
+        mPermissionMonitor.updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(false /* add */, lockdownRange);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps, never()).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(), anyBoolean());
+        assertEquals(mPermissionMonitor.getVpnLockdownUidRanges(), Set.of(lockdownRange));
+
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+        // Remove Lockdown uid range at 2nd time, expect a rule to be torn down.
+        mPermissionMonitor.updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(false /* add */, lockdownRange);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(), eq(false) /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(MOCK_UID11, false /* add */);
+        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.getVpnLockdownUidRanges().isEmpty());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLockdownUidFilteringWithInstallAndUnInstall() {
+        doReturn(List.of(
+                buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_APP_UID11, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE,
+                        NETWORK_STACK, CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS),
+                buildPackageInfo(SYSTEM_PACKAGE2, VPN_UID)))
+                .when(mPackageManager).getInstalledPackagesAsUser(eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt());
+        doReturn(List.of(MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2)).when(mUserManager).getUserHandles(eq(true));
+
+        mPermissionMonitor.startMonitoring();
+        final UidRange[] lockdownRange = {
+                UidRange.createForUser(MOCK_USER1),
+                UidRange.createForUser(MOCK_USER2)
+        };
+        mPermissionMonitor.updateVpnLockdownUidRanges(true /* add */, lockdownRange);
+
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+        // Installing package should add Lockdown rules
+        addPackageForUsers(new UserHandle[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2}, MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_APPID1);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps, times(2)).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(), eq(true) /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(MOCK_UID11, true /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(MOCK_UID21, true /* add */);
+
+        reset(mBpfNetMaps);
+
+        // Uninstalling package should remove Lockdown rules
+        mPermissionMonitor.onPackageRemoved(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(anyInt(), eq(false) /* add */);
+        verify(mBpfNetMaps).updateUidLockdownRule(MOCK_UID11, false /* add */);
+    }
 
     // Normal package add/remove operations will trigger multiple intent for uids corresponding to
     // each user. To simulate generic package operations, the onPackageAdded/Removed will need to be
@@ -1153,7 +1323,8 @@
     public void testOnExternalApplicationsAvailable() throws Exception {
         // Initial the permission state. MOCK_PACKAGE1 and MOCK_PACKAGE2 are installed on external
         // and have different uids. There has no permission for both uids.
-        doReturn(List.of(buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11),
+        doReturn(List.of(
+                buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11),
                 buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE2, MOCK_UID12)))
                 .when(mPackageManager).getInstalledPackagesAsUser(eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt());
         mPermissionMonitor.startMonitoring();
@@ -1211,7 +1382,8 @@
             throws Exception {
         // Initial the permission state. MOCK_PACKAGE1 and MOCK_PACKAGE2 are installed on external
         // storage and shared on MOCK_UID11. There has no permission for MOCK_UID11.
-        doReturn(List.of(buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11),
+        doReturn(List.of(
+                buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11),
                 buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE2, MOCK_UID11)))
                 .when(mPackageManager).getInstalledPackagesAsUser(eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt());
         mPermissionMonitor.startMonitoring();
@@ -1237,7 +1409,8 @@
         // Initial the permission state. MOCK_PACKAGE1 is installed on external storage and
         // MOCK_PACKAGE2 is installed on device. These two packages are shared on MOCK_UID11.
         // MOCK_UID11 has NETWORK and INTERNET permissions.
-        doReturn(List.of(buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11),
+        doReturn(List.of(
+                buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID11),
                 buildPackageInfo(MOCK_PACKAGE2, MOCK_UID11, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE, INTERNET)))
                 .when(mPackageManager).getInstalledPackagesAsUser(eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt());
         mPermissionMonitor.startMonitoring();
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
index 33c0868..1c54651 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
@@ -20,28 +20,30 @@
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CONTROL_VPN;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
-import static android.content.pm.UserInfo.FLAG_ADMIN;
-import static android.content.pm.UserInfo.FLAG_MANAGED_PROFILE;
-import static android.content.pm.UserInfo.FLAG_PRIMARY;
-import static android.content.pm.UserInfo.FLAG_RESTRICTED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback;
 import static android.net.INetd.IF_STATE_DOWN;
 import static android.net.INetd.IF_STATE_UP;
+import static android.net.RouteInfo.RTN_UNREACHABLE;
+import static android.net.VpnManager.TYPE_VPN_PLATFORM;
+import static android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeSessionConfiguration.EXTENSION_TYPE_MOBIKE;
+import static android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2;
 import static android.os.UserHandle.PER_USER_RANGE;
 
-import static com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel.isAtLeastT;
+import static com.android.testutils.Cleanup.testAndCleanup;
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo;
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertThrows;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
-import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyBoolean;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyLong;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.argThat;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
@@ -54,6 +56,8 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.timeout;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
@@ -65,6 +69,7 @@
 import android.app.NotificationManager;
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
 import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;
@@ -77,26 +82,40 @@
 import android.net.InetAddresses;
 import android.net.InterfaceConfigurationParcel;
 import android.net.IpPrefix;
+import android.net.IpSecConfig;
 import android.net.IpSecManager;
+import android.net.IpSecTransform;
 import android.net.IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse;
 import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.LocalSocket;
 import android.net.Network;
+import android.net.NetworkAgentConfig;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkInfo.DetailedState;
 import android.net.RouteInfo;
 import android.net.UidRangeParcel;
 import android.net.VpnManager;
+import android.net.VpnProfileState;
 import android.net.VpnService;
 import android.net.VpnTransportInfo;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.ChildSessionCallback;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.ChildSessionConfiguration;
 import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeSessionCallback;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeSessionConfiguration;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeSessionConnectionInfo;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.IkeTrafficSelector;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.exceptions.IkeException;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.exceptions.IkeNetworkLostException;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.exceptions.IkeNonProtocolException;
 import android.net.ipsec.ike.exceptions.IkeProtocolException;
+import android.net.ipsec.ike.exceptions.IkeTimeoutException;
 import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.ConditionVariable;
 import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
+import android.os.PowerWhitelistManager;
 import android.os.Process;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.os.UserManager;
@@ -105,6 +124,7 @@
 import android.security.Credentials;
 import android.util.ArrayMap;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
+import android.util.Pair;
 import android.util.Range;
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
@@ -113,12 +133,17 @@
 import com.android.internal.net.LegacyVpnInfo;
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnConfig;
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnProfile;
-import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+import com.android.internal.util.HexDump;
+import com.android.server.DeviceIdleInternal;
 import com.android.server.IpSecService;
+import com.android.server.VpnTestBase;
+import com.android.server.vcn.util.PersistableBundleUtils;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
 
+import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.AdditionalAnswers;
@@ -134,7 +159,9 @@
 import java.io.FileWriter;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -142,7 +169,11 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.SortedSet;
+import java.util.TreeSet;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
@@ -154,50 +185,53 @@
  */
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(VERSION_CODES.R)
-public class VpnTest {
+@IgnoreUpTo(S_V2)
+public class VpnTest extends VpnTestBase {
     private static final String TAG = "VpnTest";
 
-    // Mock users
-    static final UserInfo primaryUser = new UserInfo(27, "Primary", FLAG_ADMIN | FLAG_PRIMARY);
-    static final UserInfo secondaryUser = new UserInfo(15, "Secondary", FLAG_ADMIN);
-    static final UserInfo restrictedProfileA = new UserInfo(40, "RestrictedA", FLAG_RESTRICTED);
-    static final UserInfo restrictedProfileB = new UserInfo(42, "RestrictedB", FLAG_RESTRICTED);
-    static final UserInfo managedProfileA = new UserInfo(45, "ManagedA", FLAG_MANAGED_PROFILE);
-    static {
-        restrictedProfileA.restrictedProfileParentId = primaryUser.id;
-        restrictedProfileB.restrictedProfileParentId = secondaryUser.id;
-        managedProfileA.profileGroupId = primaryUser.id;
-    }
+    @Rule
+    public final DevSdkIgnoreRule mIgnoreRule = new DevSdkIgnoreRule();
 
     static final Network EGRESS_NETWORK = new Network(101);
     static final String EGRESS_IFACE = "wlan0";
-    static final String TEST_VPN_PKG = "com.testvpn.vpn";
+    private static final String TEST_VPN_CLIENT = "2.4.6.8";
     private static final String TEST_VPN_SERVER = "1.2.3.4";
     private static final String TEST_VPN_IDENTITY = "identity";
     private static final byte[] TEST_VPN_PSK = "psk".getBytes();
 
+    private static final int IP4_PREFIX_LEN = 32;
+    private static final int MIN_PORT = 0;
+    private static final int MAX_PORT = 65535;
+
+    private static final InetAddress TEST_VPN_CLIENT_IP =
+            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(TEST_VPN_CLIENT);
+    private static final InetAddress TEST_VPN_SERVER_IP =
+            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(TEST_VPN_SERVER);
+    private static final InetAddress TEST_VPN_CLIENT_IP_2 =
+            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.200");
+    private static final InetAddress TEST_VPN_SERVER_IP_2 =
+            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.201");
+    private static final InetAddress TEST_VPN_INTERNAL_IP =
+            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("198.51.100.10");
+    private static final InetAddress TEST_VPN_INTERNAL_DNS =
+            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("8.8.8.8");
+
+    private static final IkeTrafficSelector IN_TS =
+            new IkeTrafficSelector(MIN_PORT, MAX_PORT, TEST_VPN_INTERNAL_IP, TEST_VPN_INTERNAL_IP);
+    private static final IkeTrafficSelector OUT_TS =
+            new IkeTrafficSelector(MIN_PORT, MAX_PORT,
+                    InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("0.0.0.0"),
+                    InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("255.255.255.255"));
+
     private static final Network TEST_NETWORK = new Network(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+    private static final Network TEST_NETWORK_2 = new Network(Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1);
     private static final String TEST_IFACE_NAME = "TEST_IFACE";
     private static final int TEST_TUNNEL_RESOURCE_ID = 0x2345;
     private static final long TEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 500L;
-
-    /**
-     * Names and UIDs for some fake packages. Important points:
-     *  - UID is ordered increasing.
-     *  - One pair of packages have consecutive UIDs.
-     */
-    static final String[] PKGS = {"com.example", "org.example", "net.example", "web.vpn"};
-    static final int[] PKG_UIDS = {66, 77, 78, 400};
-
-    // Mock packages
-    static final Map<String, Integer> mPackages = new ArrayMap<>();
-    static {
-        for (int i = 0; i < PKGS.length; i++) {
-            mPackages.put(PKGS[i], PKG_UIDS[i]);
-        }
-    }
-    private static final Range<Integer> PRI_USER_RANGE = uidRangeForUser(primaryUser.id);
+    private static final String PRIMARY_USER_APP_EXCLUDE_KEY =
+            "VPNAPPEXCLUDED_27_com.testvpn.vpn";
+    static final String PKGS_BYTES = getPackageByteString(List.of(PKGS));
+    private static final Range<Integer> PRIMARY_USER_RANGE = uidRangeForUser(PRIMARY_USER.id);
 
     @Mock(answer = Answers.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS) private Context mContext;
     @Mock private UserManager mUserManager;
@@ -207,20 +241,28 @@
     @Mock private AppOpsManager mAppOps;
     @Mock private NotificationManager mNotificationManager;
     @Mock private Vpn.SystemServices mSystemServices;
+    @Mock private Vpn.IkeSessionWrapper mIkeSessionWrapper;
     @Mock private Vpn.Ikev2SessionCreator mIkev2SessionCreator;
+    @Mock private Vpn.VpnNetworkAgentWrapper mMockNetworkAgent;
     @Mock private ConnectivityManager mConnectivityManager;
     @Mock private IpSecService mIpSecService;
     @Mock private VpnProfileStore mVpnProfileStore;
+    @Mock private ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor mExecutor;
+    @Mock private ScheduledFuture mScheduledFuture;
+    @Mock DeviceIdleInternal mDeviceIdleInternal;
     private final VpnProfile mVpnProfile;
 
     private IpSecManager mIpSecManager;
 
+    private TestDeps mTestDeps;
+
     public VpnTest() throws Exception {
         // Build an actual VPN profile that is capable of being converted to and from an
         // Ikev2VpnProfile
         final Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder builder =
                 new Ikev2VpnProfile.Builder(TEST_VPN_SERVER, TEST_VPN_IDENTITY);
         builder.setAuthPsk(TEST_VPN_PSK);
+        builder.setBypassable(true /* isBypassable */);
         mVpnProfile = builder.build().toVpnProfile();
     }
 
@@ -229,9 +271,10 @@
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
 
         mIpSecManager = new IpSecManager(mContext, mIpSecService);
+        mTestDeps = spy(new TestDeps());
 
         when(mContext.getPackageManager()).thenReturn(mPackageManager);
-        setMockedPackages(mPackages);
+        setMockedPackages(sPackages);
 
         when(mContext.getPackageName()).thenReturn(TEST_VPN_PKG);
         when(mContext.getOpPackageName()).thenReturn(TEST_VPN_PKG);
@@ -269,6 +312,33 @@
         // itself, so set the default value of Context#checkCallingOrSelfPermission to
         // PERMISSION_DENIED.
         doReturn(PERMISSION_DENIED).when(mContext).checkCallingOrSelfPermission(any());
+
+        // Set up mIkev2SessionCreator and mExecutor
+        resetIkev2SessionCreator(mIkeSessionWrapper);
+        resetExecutor(mScheduledFuture);
+    }
+
+    private void resetIkev2SessionCreator(Vpn.IkeSessionWrapper ikeSession) {
+        reset(mIkev2SessionCreator);
+        when(mIkev2SessionCreator.createIkeSession(any(), any(), any(), any(), any(), any()))
+                .thenReturn(ikeSession);
+    }
+
+    private void resetExecutor(ScheduledFuture scheduledFuture) {
+        doAnswer(
+                (invocation) -> {
+                    ((Runnable) invocation.getArgument(0)).run();
+                    return null;
+                })
+            .when(mExecutor)
+            .execute(any());
+        when(mExecutor.schedule(
+                any(Runnable.class), anyLong(), any())).thenReturn(mScheduledFuture);
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
+        doReturn(PERMISSION_DENIED).when(mContext).checkCallingOrSelfPermission(any());
     }
 
     private <T> void mockService(Class<T> clazz, String name, T service) {
@@ -296,73 +366,99 @@
         return new Range<Integer>(start, stop);
     }
 
+    private static String getPackageByteString(List<String> packages) {
+        try {
+            return HexDump.toHexString(
+                    PersistableBundleUtils.toDiskStableBytes(PersistableBundleUtils.fromList(
+                            packages, PersistableBundleUtils.STRING_SERIALIZER)),
+                        true /* upperCase */);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testRestrictedProfilesAreAddedToVpn() {
-        setMockedUsers(primaryUser, secondaryUser, restrictedProfileA, restrictedProfileB);
+        setMockedUsers(PRIMARY_USER, SECONDARY_USER, RESTRICTED_PROFILE_A, RESTRICTED_PROFILE_B);
 
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
 
         // Assume the user can have restricted profiles.
         doReturn(true).when(mUserManager).canHaveRestrictedProfile();
         final Set<Range<Integer>> ranges =
-                vpn.createUserAndRestrictedProfilesRanges(primaryUser.id, null, null);
+                vpn.createUserAndRestrictedProfilesRanges(PRIMARY_USER.id, null, null);
 
-        assertEquals(rangeSet(PRI_USER_RANGE, uidRangeForUser(restrictedProfileA.id)), ranges);
+        assertEquals(rangeSet(PRIMARY_USER_RANGE, uidRangeForUser(RESTRICTED_PROFILE_A.id)),
+                 ranges);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testManagedProfilesAreNotAddedToVpn() {
-        setMockedUsers(primaryUser, managedProfileA);
+        setMockedUsers(PRIMARY_USER, MANAGED_PROFILE_A);
 
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
-        final Set<Range<Integer>> ranges = vpn.createUserAndRestrictedProfilesRanges(primaryUser.id,
-                null, null);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
+        final Set<Range<Integer>> ranges = vpn.createUserAndRestrictedProfilesRanges(
+                PRIMARY_USER.id, null, null);
 
-        assertEquals(rangeSet(PRI_USER_RANGE), ranges);
+        assertEquals(rangeSet(PRIMARY_USER_RANGE), ranges);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testAddUserToVpnOnlyAddsOneUser() {
-        setMockedUsers(primaryUser, restrictedProfileA, managedProfileA);
+        setMockedUsers(PRIMARY_USER, RESTRICTED_PROFILE_A, MANAGED_PROFILE_A);
 
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
         final Set<Range<Integer>> ranges = new ArraySet<>();
-        vpn.addUserToRanges(ranges, primaryUser.id, null, null);
+        vpn.addUserToRanges(ranges, PRIMARY_USER.id, null, null);
 
-        assertEquals(rangeSet(PRI_USER_RANGE), ranges);
+        assertEquals(rangeSet(PRIMARY_USER_RANGE), ranges);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testUidAllowAndDenylist() throws Exception {
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
-        final Range<Integer> user = PRI_USER_RANGE;
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
+        final Range<Integer> user = PRIMARY_USER_RANGE;
         final int userStart = user.getLower();
         final int userStop = user.getUpper();
         final String[] packages = {PKGS[0], PKGS[1], PKGS[2]};
 
         // Allowed list
-        final Set<Range<Integer>> allow = vpn.createUserAndRestrictedProfilesRanges(primaryUser.id,
+        final Set<Range<Integer>> allow = vpn.createUserAndRestrictedProfilesRanges(PRIMARY_USER.id,
                 Arrays.asList(packages), null /* disallowedApplications */);
         assertEquals(rangeSet(
                 uidRange(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0], userStart + PKG_UIDS[0]),
-                uidRange(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1], userStart + PKG_UIDS[2])),
+                uidRange(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1], userStart + PKG_UIDS[2]),
+                uidRange(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0]),
+                         Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0])),
+                uidRange(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1]),
+                         Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2]))),
                 allow);
 
         // Denied list
         final Set<Range<Integer>> disallow =
-                vpn.createUserAndRestrictedProfilesRanges(primaryUser.id,
+                vpn.createUserAndRestrictedProfilesRanges(PRIMARY_USER.id,
                         null /* allowedApplications */, Arrays.asList(packages));
         assertEquals(rangeSet(
                 uidRange(userStart, userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1),
                 uidRange(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
                 /* Empty range between UIDS[1] and UIDS[2], should be excluded, */
-                uidRange(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1, userStop)),
+                uidRange(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1,
+                         Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1)),
+                uidRange(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1),
+                         Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1)),
+                uidRange(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1), userStop)),
                 disallow);
     }
 
+    private void verifyPowerSaveTempWhitelistApp(String packageName) {
+        verify(mDeviceIdleInternal).addPowerSaveTempWhitelistApp(anyInt(), eq(packageName),
+                anyLong(), anyInt(), eq(false), eq(PowerWhitelistManager.REASON_VPN),
+                eq("VpnManager event"));
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testGetAlwaysAndOnGetLockDown() throws Exception {
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
 
         // Default state.
         assertFalse(vpn.getAlwaysOn());
@@ -386,8 +482,8 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testLockdownChangingPackage() throws Exception {
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
-        final Range<Integer> user = PRI_USER_RANGE;
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
+        final Range<Integer> user = PRIMARY_USER_RANGE;
         final int userStart = user.getLower();
         final int userStop = user.getUpper();
         // Set always-on without lockdown.
@@ -397,25 +493,31 @@
         assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], true, null));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(true, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
                 new UidRangeParcel(userStart, userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, userStop)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1), userStop)
         }));
 
         // Switch to another app.
         assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[3], true, null));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(false, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
                 new UidRangeParcel(userStart, userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, userStop)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1), userStop)
         }));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(true, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
                 new UidRangeParcel(userStart, userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1),
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1, userStop)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1), userStop)
         }));
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testLockdownAllowlist() throws Exception {
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
-        final Range<Integer> user = PRI_USER_RANGE;
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
+        final Range<Integer> user = PRIMARY_USER_RANGE;
         final int userStart = user.getLower();
         final int userStop = user.getUpper();
         // Set always-on with lockdown and allow app PKGS[2] from lockdown.
@@ -423,17 +525,25 @@
                 PKGS[1], true, Collections.singletonList(PKGS[2])));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(true, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[]  {
                 new UidRangeParcel(userStart, userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1, userStop)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1]) - 1),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1), userStop)
         }));
         // Change allowed app list to PKGS[3].
         assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(
                 PKGS[1], true, Collections.singletonList(PKGS[3])));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(false, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1, userStop)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1), userStop)
         }));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(true, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
                 new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1),
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1, userStop)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1),
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1), userStop)
         }));
 
         // Change the VPN app.
@@ -441,32 +551,52 @@
                 PKGS[0], true, Collections.singletonList(PKGS[3])));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(false, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
                 new UidRangeParcel(userStart, userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1),
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1),
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1))
         }));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(true, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
                 new UidRangeParcel(userStart, userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1),
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1),
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1),
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1))
         }));
 
         // Remove the list of allowed packages.
         assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[0], true, null));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(false, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
                 new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1),
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1, userStop)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1),
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1), userStop)
         }));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(true, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, userStop),
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1), userStop),
         }));
 
         // Add the list of allowed packages.
         assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(
                 PKGS[0], true, Collections.singletonList(PKGS[1])));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(false, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, userStop)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1), userStop),
         }));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(true, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
                 new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, userStop)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1),
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1), userStop)
         }));
 
         // Try allowing a package with a comma, should be rejected.
@@ -479,19 +609,27 @@
                 PKGS[0], true, Arrays.asList("com.foo.app", PKGS[2], "com.bar.app")));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(false, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
                 new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, userStop)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1),
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1), userStop)
         }));
         verify(mConnectivityManager).setRequireVpnForUids(true, toRanges(new UidRangeParcel[] {
                 new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] - 1),
-                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1, userStop)
+                new UidRangeParcel(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1,
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1),
+                                   Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] - 1)),
+                new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(userStart + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1), userStop)
         }));
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testLockdownRuleRepeatability() throws Exception {
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
         final UidRangeParcel[] primaryUserRangeParcel = new UidRangeParcel[] {
-                new UidRangeParcel(PRI_USER_RANGE.getLower(), PRI_USER_RANGE.getUpper())};
+                new UidRangeParcel(PRIMARY_USER_RANGE.getLower(), PRIMARY_USER_RANGE.getUpper())};
         // Given legacy lockdown is already enabled,
         vpn.setLockdown(true);
         verify(mConnectivityManager, times(1)).setRequireVpnForUids(true,
@@ -522,13 +660,16 @@
     @Test
     public void testLockdownRuleReversibility() throws Exception {
         doReturn(PERMISSION_GRANTED).when(mContext).checkCallingOrSelfPermission(CONTROL_VPN);
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
         final UidRangeParcel[] entireUser = {
-            new UidRangeParcel(PRI_USER_RANGE.getLower(), PRI_USER_RANGE.getUpper())
+            new UidRangeParcel(PRIMARY_USER_RANGE.getLower(), PRIMARY_USER_RANGE.getUpper())
         };
         final UidRangeParcel[] exceptPkg0 = {
             new UidRangeParcel(entireUser[0].start, entireUser[0].start + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1),
-            new UidRangeParcel(entireUser[0].start + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, entireUser[0].stop)
+            new UidRangeParcel(entireUser[0].start + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1,
+                               Process.toSdkSandboxUid(entireUser[0].start + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1)),
+            new UidRangeParcel(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(entireUser[0].start + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1),
+                               entireUser[0].stop),
         };
 
         final InOrder order = inOrder(mConnectivityManager);
@@ -551,7 +692,6 @@
     @Test
     public void testPrepare_throwSecurityExceptionWhenGivenPackageDoesNotBelongToTheCaller()
             throws Exception {
-        assumeTrue(isAtLeastT());
         final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks();
         assertThrows(SecurityException.class,
                 () -> vpn.prepare("com.not.vpn.owner", null, VpnManager.TYPE_VPN_SERVICE));
@@ -571,17 +711,17 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testIsAlwaysOnPackageSupported() throws Exception {
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
 
         ApplicationInfo appInfo = new ApplicationInfo();
-        when(mPackageManager.getApplicationInfoAsUser(eq(PKGS[0]), anyInt(), eq(primaryUser.id)))
+        when(mPackageManager.getApplicationInfoAsUser(eq(PKGS[0]), anyInt(), eq(PRIMARY_USER.id)))
                 .thenReturn(appInfo);
 
         ServiceInfo svcInfo = new ServiceInfo();
         ResolveInfo resInfo = new ResolveInfo();
         resInfo.serviceInfo = svcInfo;
         when(mPackageManager.queryIntentServicesAsUser(any(), eq(PackageManager.GET_META_DATA),
-                eq(primaryUser.id)))
+                eq(PRIMARY_USER.id)))
                 .thenReturn(Collections.singletonList(resInfo));
 
         // null package name should return false
@@ -605,9 +745,9 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testNotificationShownForAlwaysOnApp() throws Exception {
-        final UserHandle userHandle = UserHandle.of(primaryUser.id);
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
-        setMockedUsers(primaryUser);
+        final UserHandle userHandle = UserHandle.of(PRIMARY_USER.id);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
+        setMockedUsers(PRIMARY_USER);
 
         final InOrder order = inOrder(mNotificationManager);
 
@@ -640,15 +780,15 @@
      */
     @Test
     public void testGetProfileNameForPackage() throws Exception {
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
-        setMockedUsers(primaryUser);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
+        setMockedUsers(PRIMARY_USER);
 
-        final String expected = Credentials.PLATFORM_VPN + primaryUser.id + "_" + TEST_VPN_PKG;
+        final String expected = Credentials.PLATFORM_VPN + PRIMARY_USER.id + "_" + TEST_VPN_PKG;
         assertEquals(expected, vpn.getProfileNameForPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG));
     }
 
     private Vpn createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(String... grantedOps) throws Exception {
-        return createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(primaryUser, grantedOps);
+        return createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(PRIMARY_USER, grantedOps);
     }
 
     private Vpn createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(UserInfo user, String... grantedOps) throws Exception {
@@ -696,6 +836,121 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private Vpn prepareVpnForVerifyAppExclusionList() throws Exception {
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
+        when(mVpnProfileStore.get(vpn.getProfileNameForPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG)))
+                .thenReturn(mVpnProfile.encode());
+        when(mVpnProfileStore.get(PRIMARY_USER_APP_EXCLUDE_KEY))
+                .thenReturn(HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(PKGS_BYTES));
+
+        vpn.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        verify(mVpnProfileStore).get(eq(vpn.getProfileNameForPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG)));
+        vpn.mNetworkAgent = mMockNetworkAgent;
+        return vpn;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSetAndGetAppExclusionList() throws Exception {
+        final Vpn vpn = prepareVpnForVerifyAppExclusionList();
+        verify(mVpnProfileStore, never()).put(eq(PRIMARY_USER_APP_EXCLUDE_KEY), any());
+        vpn.setAppExclusionList(TEST_VPN_PKG, Arrays.asList(PKGS));
+        verify(mVpnProfileStore)
+                .put(eq(PRIMARY_USER_APP_EXCLUDE_KEY),
+                     eq(HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(PKGS_BYTES)));
+        assertEquals(vpn.createUserAndRestrictedProfilesRanges(
+                PRIMARY_USER.id, null, Arrays.asList(PKGS)),
+                vpn.mNetworkCapabilities.getUids());
+        assertEquals(Arrays.asList(PKGS), vpn.getAppExclusionList(TEST_VPN_PKG));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRefreshPlatformVpnAppExclusionList_updatesExcludedUids() throws Exception {
+        final Vpn vpn = prepareVpnForVerifyAppExclusionList();
+        vpn.setAppExclusionList(TEST_VPN_PKG, Arrays.asList(PKGS));
+        verify(mMockNetworkAgent).doSendNetworkCapabilities(any());
+        assertEquals(Arrays.asList(PKGS), vpn.getAppExclusionList(TEST_VPN_PKG));
+
+        reset(mMockNetworkAgent);
+
+        // Remove one of the package
+        List<Integer> newExcludedUids = toList(PKG_UIDS);
+        newExcludedUids.remove((Integer) PKG_UIDS[0]);
+        sPackages.remove(PKGS[0]);
+        vpn.refreshPlatformVpnAppExclusionList();
+
+        // List in keystore is not changed, but UID for the removed packages is no longer exempted.
+        assertEquals(Arrays.asList(PKGS), vpn.getAppExclusionList(TEST_VPN_PKG));
+        assertEquals(makeVpnUidRange(PRIMARY_USER.id, newExcludedUids),
+                vpn.mNetworkCapabilities.getUids());
+        ArgumentCaptor<NetworkCapabilities> ncCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NetworkCapabilities.class);
+        verify(mMockNetworkAgent).doSendNetworkCapabilities(ncCaptor.capture());
+        assertEquals(makeVpnUidRange(PRIMARY_USER.id, newExcludedUids),
+                ncCaptor.getValue().getUids());
+
+        reset(mMockNetworkAgent);
+
+        // Add the package back
+        newExcludedUids.add(PKG_UIDS[0]);
+        sPackages.put(PKGS[0], PKG_UIDS[0]);
+        vpn.refreshPlatformVpnAppExclusionList();
+
+        // List in keystore is not changed and the uid list should be updated in the net cap.
+        assertEquals(Arrays.asList(PKGS), vpn.getAppExclusionList(TEST_VPN_PKG));
+        assertEquals(makeVpnUidRange(PRIMARY_USER.id, newExcludedUids),
+                vpn.mNetworkCapabilities.getUids());
+        verify(mMockNetworkAgent).doSendNetworkCapabilities(ncCaptor.capture());
+        assertEquals(makeVpnUidRange(PRIMARY_USER.id, newExcludedUids),
+                ncCaptor.getValue().getUids());
+    }
+
+    private Set<Range<Integer>> makeVpnUidRange(int userId, List<Integer> excludedList) {
+        final SortedSet<Integer> list = new TreeSet<>();
+
+        final int userBase = userId * UserHandle.PER_USER_RANGE;
+        for (int uid : excludedList) {
+            final int applicationUid = UserHandle.getUid(userId, uid);
+            list.add(applicationUid);
+            list.add(Process.toSdkSandboxUid(applicationUid)); // Add Sdk Sandbox UID
+        }
+
+        final int minUid = userBase;
+        final int maxUid = userBase + UserHandle.PER_USER_RANGE - 1;
+        final Set<Range<Integer>> ranges = new ArraySet<>();
+
+        // Iterate the list to create the ranges between each uid.
+        int start = minUid;
+        for (int uid : list) {
+            if (uid == start) {
+                start++;
+            } else {
+                ranges.add(new Range<>(start, uid - 1));
+                start = uid + 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Create the range between last uid and max uid.
+        if (start <= maxUid) {
+            ranges.add(new Range<>(start, maxUid));
+        }
+
+        return ranges;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSetAndGetAppExclusionListRestrictedUser() throws Exception {
+        final Vpn vpn = prepareVpnForVerifyAppExclusionList();
+
+        // Mock it to restricted profile
+        when(mUserManager.getUserInfo(anyInt())).thenReturn(RESTRICTED_PROFILE_A);
+
+        // Restricted users cannot configure VPNs
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class,
+                () -> vpn.setAppExclusionList(TEST_VPN_PKG, new ArrayList<>()));
+
+        assertEquals(Arrays.asList(PKGS), vpn.getAppExclusionList(TEST_VPN_PKG));
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testProvisionVpnProfilePreconsented() throws Exception {
         final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
@@ -739,7 +994,7 @@
     public void testProvisionVpnProfileRestrictedUser() throws Exception {
         final Vpn vpn =
                 createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(
-                        restrictedProfileA, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
+                        RESTRICTED_PROFILE_A, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
 
         try {
             vpn.provisionVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG, mVpnProfile);
@@ -762,7 +1017,7 @@
     public void testDeleteVpnProfileRestrictedUser() throws Exception {
         final Vpn vpn =
                 createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(
-                        restrictedProfileA, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
+                        RESTRICTED_PROFILE_A, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
 
         try {
             vpn.deleteVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
@@ -783,6 +1038,30 @@
         verify(mVpnProfileStore).get(eq(vpn.getProfileNameForPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG)));
     }
 
+    private void verifyPlatformVpnIsActivated(String packageName) {
+        verify(mAppOps).noteOpNoThrow(
+                eq(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN),
+                eq(Process.myUid()),
+                eq(packageName),
+                eq(null) /* attributionTag */,
+                eq(null) /* message */);
+        verify(mAppOps).startOp(
+                eq(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ESTABLISH_VPN_MANAGER),
+                eq(Process.myUid()),
+                eq(packageName),
+                eq(null) /* attributionTag */,
+                eq(null) /* message */);
+    }
+
+    private void verifyPlatformVpnIsDeactivated(String packageName) {
+        // Add a small delay to double confirm that finishOp is only called once.
+        verify(mAppOps, after(100)).finishOp(
+                eq(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ESTABLISH_VPN_MANAGER),
+                eq(Process.myUid()),
+                eq(packageName),
+                eq(null) /* attributionTag */);
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testStartVpnProfile() throws Exception {
         final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
@@ -793,13 +1072,7 @@
         vpn.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
 
         verify(mVpnProfileStore).get(eq(vpn.getProfileNameForPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG)));
-        verify(mAppOps)
-                .noteOpNoThrow(
-                        eq(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN),
-                        eq(Process.myUid()),
-                        eq(TEST_VPN_PKG),
-                        eq(null) /* attributionTag */,
-                        eq(null) /* message */);
+        verifyPlatformVpnIsActivated(TEST_VPN_PKG);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -811,7 +1084,7 @@
 
         vpn.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
 
-        // Verify that the the ACTIVATE_VPN appop was checked, but no error was thrown.
+        // Verify that the ACTIVATE_VPN appop was checked, but no error was thrown.
         verify(mAppOps).noteOpNoThrow(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_VPN, Process.myUid(),
                 TEST_VPN_PKG, null /* attributionTag */, null /* message */);
     }
@@ -867,7 +1140,7 @@
     public void testStartVpnProfileRestrictedUser() throws Exception {
         final Vpn vpn =
                 createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(
-                        restrictedProfileA, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
+                        RESTRICTED_PROFILE_A, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
 
         try {
             vpn.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
@@ -880,7 +1153,7 @@
     public void testStopVpnProfileRestrictedUser() throws Exception {
         final Vpn vpn =
                 createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(
-                        restrictedProfileA, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
+                        RESTRICTED_PROFILE_A, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
 
         try {
             vpn.stopVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
@@ -891,23 +1164,11 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testStartOpAndFinishOpWillBeCalledWhenPlatformVpnIsOnAndOff() throws Exception {
-        assumeTrue(SdkLevel.isAtLeastT());
         final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
         when(mVpnProfileStore.get(vpn.getProfileNameForPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG)))
                 .thenReturn(mVpnProfile.encode());
         vpn.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
-        verify(mAppOps).noteOpNoThrow(
-                eq(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN),
-                eq(Process.myUid()),
-                eq(TEST_VPN_PKG),
-                eq(null) /* attributionTag */,
-                eq(null) /* message */);
-        verify(mAppOps).startOp(
-                eq(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ESTABLISH_VPN_MANAGER),
-                eq(Process.myUid()),
-                eq(TEST_VPN_PKG),
-                eq(null) /* attributionTag */,
-                eq(null) /* message */);
+        verifyPlatformVpnIsActivated(TEST_VPN_PKG);
         // Add a small delay to make sure that startOp is only called once.
         verify(mAppOps, after(100).times(1)).startOp(
                 eq(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ESTABLISH_VPN_MANAGER),
@@ -923,17 +1184,11 @@
                 eq(null) /* attributionTag */,
                 eq(null) /* message */);
         vpn.stopVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
-        // Add a small delay to double confirm that startOp is only called once.
-        verify(mAppOps, after(100)).finishOp(
-                eq(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ESTABLISH_VPN_MANAGER),
-                eq(Process.myUid()),
-                eq(TEST_VPN_PKG),
-                eq(null) /* attributionTag */);
+        verifyPlatformVpnIsDeactivated(TEST_VPN_PKG);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testStartOpWithSeamlessHandover() throws Exception {
-        assumeTrue(SdkLevel.isAtLeastT());
         final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_VPN);
         assertTrue(vpn.prepare(TEST_VPN_PKG, null, VpnManager.TYPE_VPN_SERVICE));
         final VpnConfig config = new VpnConfig();
@@ -964,6 +1219,170 @@
                 eq(null) /* message */);
     }
 
+    private void verifyVpnManagerEvent(String sessionKey, String category, int errorClass,
+            int errorCode, String[] packageName, VpnProfileState... profileState) {
+        final Context userContext =
+                mContext.createContextAsUser(UserHandle.of(PRIMARY_USER.id), 0 /* flags */);
+        final ArgumentCaptor<Intent> intentArgumentCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Intent.class);
+
+        final int verifyTimes = (profileState == null) ? 1 : profileState.length;
+        verify(userContext, times(verifyTimes)).startService(intentArgumentCaptor.capture());
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < verifyTimes; i++) {
+            final Intent intent = intentArgumentCaptor.getAllValues().get(i);
+            assertEquals(packageName[i], intent.getPackage());
+            assertEquals(sessionKey, intent.getStringExtra(VpnManager.EXTRA_SESSION_KEY));
+            final Set<String> categories = intent.getCategories();
+            assertTrue(categories.contains(category));
+            assertEquals(1, categories.size());
+            assertEquals(errorClass,
+                    intent.getIntExtra(VpnManager.EXTRA_ERROR_CLASS, -1 /* defaultValue */));
+            assertEquals(errorCode,
+                    intent.getIntExtra(VpnManager.EXTRA_ERROR_CODE, -1 /* defaultValue */));
+            if (profileState != null) {
+                assertEquals(profileState[i], intent.getParcelableExtra(
+                        VpnManager.EXTRA_VPN_PROFILE_STATE, VpnProfileState.class));
+            }
+        }
+        reset(userContext);
+    }
+
+    private void verifyDeactivatedByUser(String sessionKey, String[] packageName) {
+        // CATEGORY_EVENT_DEACTIVATED_BY_USER is not an error event, so both of errorClass and
+        // errorCode won't be set.
+        verifyVpnManagerEvent(sessionKey, VpnManager.CATEGORY_EVENT_DEACTIVATED_BY_USER,
+                -1 /* errorClass */, -1 /* errorCode */, packageName, null /* profileState */);
+    }
+
+    private void verifyAlwaysOnStateChanged(String[] packageName, VpnProfileState... profileState) {
+        verifyVpnManagerEvent(null /* sessionKey */,
+                VpnManager.CATEGORY_EVENT_ALWAYS_ON_STATE_CHANGED, -1 /* errorClass */,
+                -1 /* errorCode */, packageName, profileState);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testVpnManagerEventForUserDeactivated() throws Exception {
+        // For security reasons, Vpn#prepare() will check that oldPackage and newPackage are either
+        // null or the package of the caller. This test will call Vpn#prepare() to pretend the old
+        // VPN is replaced by a new one. But only Settings can change to some other packages, and
+        // this is checked with CONTROL_VPN so simulate holding CONTROL_VPN in order to pass the
+        // security checks.
+        doReturn(PERMISSION_GRANTED).when(mContext).checkCallingOrSelfPermission(CONTROL_VPN);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
+        when(mVpnProfileStore.get(vpn.getProfileNameForPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG)))
+                .thenReturn(mVpnProfile.encode());
+
+        // Test the case that the user deactivates the vpn in vpn app.
+        final String sessionKey1 = vpn.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        verifyPlatformVpnIsActivated(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        vpn.stopVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        verifyPlatformVpnIsDeactivated(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        verifyPowerSaveTempWhitelistApp(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        reset(mDeviceIdleInternal);
+        verifyDeactivatedByUser(sessionKey1, new String[] {TEST_VPN_PKG});
+        reset(mAppOps);
+
+        // Test the case that the user chooses another vpn and the original one is replaced.
+        final String sessionKey2 = vpn.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        verifyPlatformVpnIsActivated(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        vpn.prepare(TEST_VPN_PKG, "com.new.vpn" /* newPackage */, TYPE_VPN_PLATFORM);
+        verifyPlatformVpnIsDeactivated(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        verifyPowerSaveTempWhitelistApp(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        reset(mDeviceIdleInternal);
+        verifyDeactivatedByUser(sessionKey2, new String[] {TEST_VPN_PKG});
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testVpnManagerEventForAlwaysOnChanged() throws Exception {
+        // Calling setAlwaysOnPackage() needs to hold CONTROL_VPN.
+        doReturn(PERMISSION_GRANTED).when(mContext).checkCallingOrSelfPermission(CONTROL_VPN);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
+        // Enable VPN always-on for PKGS[1].
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], false /* lockdown */,
+                null /* lockdownAllowlist */));
+        verifyPowerSaveTempWhitelistApp(PKGS[1]);
+        reset(mDeviceIdleInternal);
+        verifyAlwaysOnStateChanged(new String[] {PKGS[1]},
+                new VpnProfileState(VpnProfileState.STATE_DISCONNECTED,
+                        null /* sessionKey */, true /* alwaysOn */, false /* lockdown */));
+
+        // Enable VPN lockdown for PKGS[1].
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], true /* lockdown */,
+                null /* lockdownAllowlist */));
+        verifyPowerSaveTempWhitelistApp(PKGS[1]);
+        reset(mDeviceIdleInternal);
+        verifyAlwaysOnStateChanged(new String[] {PKGS[1]},
+                new VpnProfileState(VpnProfileState.STATE_DISCONNECTED,
+                        null /* sessionKey */, true /* alwaysOn */, true /* lockdown */));
+
+        // Disable VPN lockdown for PKGS[1].
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], false /* lockdown */,
+                null /* lockdownAllowlist */));
+        verifyPowerSaveTempWhitelistApp(PKGS[1]);
+        reset(mDeviceIdleInternal);
+        verifyAlwaysOnStateChanged(new String[] {PKGS[1]},
+                new VpnProfileState(VpnProfileState.STATE_DISCONNECTED,
+                        null /* sessionKey */, true /* alwaysOn */, false /* lockdown */));
+
+        // Disable VPN always-on.
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false /* lockdown */,
+                null /* lockdownAllowlist */));
+        verifyPowerSaveTempWhitelistApp(PKGS[1]);
+        reset(mDeviceIdleInternal);
+        verifyAlwaysOnStateChanged(new String[] {PKGS[1]},
+                new VpnProfileState(VpnProfileState.STATE_DISCONNECTED,
+                        null /* sessionKey */, false /* alwaysOn */, false /* lockdown */));
+
+        // Enable VPN always-on for PKGS[1] again.
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], false /* lockdown */,
+                null /* lockdownAllowlist */));
+        verifyPowerSaveTempWhitelistApp(PKGS[1]);
+        reset(mDeviceIdleInternal);
+        verifyAlwaysOnStateChanged(new String[] {PKGS[1]},
+                new VpnProfileState(VpnProfileState.STATE_DISCONNECTED,
+                        null /* sessionKey */, true /* alwaysOn */, false /* lockdown */));
+
+        // Enable VPN always-on for PKGS[2].
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[2], false /* lockdown */,
+                null /* lockdownAllowlist */));
+        verifyPowerSaveTempWhitelistApp(PKGS[2]);
+        reset(mDeviceIdleInternal);
+        // PKGS[1] is replaced with PKGS[2].
+        // Pass 2 VpnProfileState objects to verifyVpnManagerEvent(), the first one is sent to
+        // PKGS[1] to notify PKGS[1] that the VPN always-on is disabled, the second one is sent to
+        // PKGS[2] to notify PKGS[2] that the VPN always-on is enabled.
+        verifyAlwaysOnStateChanged(new String[] {PKGS[1], PKGS[2]},
+                new VpnProfileState(VpnProfileState.STATE_DISCONNECTED,
+                        null /* sessionKey */, false /* alwaysOn */, false /* lockdown */),
+                new VpnProfileState(VpnProfileState.STATE_DISCONNECTED,
+                        null /* sessionKey */, true /* alwaysOn */, false /* lockdown */));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testReconnectVpnManagerVpnWithAlwaysOnEnabled() throws Exception {
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
+        when(mVpnProfileStore.get(vpn.getProfileNameForPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG)))
+                .thenReturn(mVpnProfile.encode());
+        vpn.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        verifyPlatformVpnIsActivated(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+
+        // Enable VPN always-on for TEST_VPN_PKG.
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG, false /* lockdown */,
+                null /* lockdownAllowlist */));
+
+        // Reset to verify next startVpnProfile.
+        reset(mAppOps);
+
+        vpn.stopVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+
+        // Reconnect the vpn with different package will cause exception.
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> vpn.startVpnProfile(PKGS[0]));
+
+        // Reconnect the vpn again with the vpn always on package w/o exception.
+        vpn.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        verifyPlatformVpnIsActivated(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testSetPackageAuthorizationVpnService() throws Exception {
         final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks();
@@ -981,7 +1400,7 @@
     public void testSetPackageAuthorizationPlatformVpn() throws Exception {
         final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks();
 
-        assertTrue(vpn.setPackageAuthorization(TEST_VPN_PKG, VpnManager.TYPE_VPN_PLATFORM));
+        assertTrue(vpn.setPackageAuthorization(TEST_VPN_PKG, TYPE_VPN_PLATFORM));
         verify(mAppOps)
                 .setMode(
                         eq(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN),
@@ -1013,7 +1432,7 @@
         final ArgumentCaptor<NetworkCallback> networkCallbackCaptor =
                 ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NetworkCallback.class);
         verify(mConnectivityManager, timeout(TEST_TIMEOUT_MS))
-                .requestNetwork(any(), networkCallbackCaptor.capture());
+                .registerSystemDefaultNetworkCallback(networkCallbackCaptor.capture(), any());
 
         // onAvailable() will trigger onDefaultNetworkChanged(), so NetdUtils#setInterfaceUp will be
         // invoked. Set the return value of INetd#interfaceGetCfg to prevent NullPointerException.
@@ -1031,15 +1450,16 @@
                 config -> Arrays.asList(config.flags).contains(flag)));
     }
 
-    @Test
-    public void testStartPlatformVpnAuthenticationFailed() throws Exception {
+    private void doTestPlatformVpnWithException(IkeException exception,
+            String category, int errorType, int errorCode) throws Exception {
         final ArgumentCaptor<IkeSessionCallback> captor =
                 ArgumentCaptor.forClass(IkeSessionCallback.class);
-        final IkeProtocolException exception = mock(IkeProtocolException.class);
-        when(exception.getErrorType())
-                .thenReturn(IkeProtocolException.ERROR_TYPE_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED);
 
-        final Vpn vpn = startLegacyVpn(createVpn(primaryUser.id), (mVpnProfile));
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
+        when(mVpnProfileStore.get(vpn.getProfileNameForPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG)))
+                .thenReturn(mVpnProfile.encode());
+
+        final String sessionKey = vpn.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
         final NetworkCallback cb = triggerOnAvailableAndGetCallback();
 
         verifyInterfaceSetCfgWithFlags(IF_STATE_UP);
@@ -1048,18 +1468,117 @@
         // state
         verify(mIkev2SessionCreator, timeout(TEST_TIMEOUT_MS))
                 .createIkeSession(any(), any(), any(), any(), captor.capture(), any());
+        reset(mIkev2SessionCreator);
         final IkeSessionCallback ikeCb = captor.getValue();
-        ikeCb.onClosedExceptionally(exception);
+        ikeCb.onClosedWithException(exception);
 
-        verify(mConnectivityManager, timeout(TEST_TIMEOUT_MS)).unregisterNetworkCallback(eq(cb));
-        assertEquals(LegacyVpnInfo.STATE_FAILED, vpn.getLegacyVpnInfo().state);
+        verifyPowerSaveTempWhitelistApp(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        reset(mDeviceIdleInternal);
+        verifyVpnManagerEvent(sessionKey, category, errorType, errorCode,
+                new String[] {TEST_VPN_PKG}, null /* profileState */);
+        if (errorType == VpnManager.ERROR_CLASS_NOT_RECOVERABLE) {
+            verify(mConnectivityManager, timeout(TEST_TIMEOUT_MS))
+                    .unregisterNetworkCallback(eq(cb));
+        } else if (errorType == VpnManager.ERROR_CLASS_RECOVERABLE) {
+            int retryIndex = 0;
+            final IkeSessionCallback ikeCb2 = verifyRetryAndGetNewIkeCb(retryIndex++);
+
+            ikeCb2.onClosedWithException(exception);
+            verifyRetryAndGetNewIkeCb(retryIndex++);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private IkeSessionCallback verifyRetryAndGetNewIkeCb(int retryIndex) {
+        final ArgumentCaptor<Runnable> runnableCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Runnable.class);
+        final ArgumentCaptor<IkeSessionCallback> ikeCbCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(IkeSessionCallback.class);
+
+        // Verify retry is scheduled
+        final long expectedDelay = mTestDeps.getNextRetryDelaySeconds(retryIndex);
+        verify(mExecutor).schedule(runnableCaptor.capture(), eq(expectedDelay), any());
+
+        // Mock the event of firing the retry task
+        runnableCaptor.getValue().run();
+
+        verify(mIkev2SessionCreator)
+                .createIkeSession(any(), any(), any(), any(), ikeCbCaptor.capture(), any());
+
+        // Forget the mIkev2SessionCreator#createIkeSession call and mExecutor#schedule call
+        // for the next retry verification
+        resetIkev2SessionCreator(mIkeSessionWrapper);
+        resetExecutor(mScheduledFuture);
+
+        return ikeCbCaptor.getValue();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPlatformVpnAuthenticationFailed() throws Exception {
+        final IkeProtocolException exception = mock(IkeProtocolException.class);
+        final int errorCode = IkeProtocolException.ERROR_TYPE_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED;
+        when(exception.getErrorType()).thenReturn(errorCode);
+        doTestPlatformVpnWithException(exception,
+                VpnManager.CATEGORY_EVENT_IKE_ERROR, VpnManager.ERROR_CLASS_NOT_RECOVERABLE,
+                errorCode);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPlatformVpnFailedWithRecoverableError() throws Exception {
+        final IkeProtocolException exception = mock(IkeProtocolException.class);
+        final int errorCode = IkeProtocolException.ERROR_TYPE_TEMPORARY_FAILURE;
+        when(exception.getErrorType()).thenReturn(errorCode);
+        doTestPlatformVpnWithException(exception,
+                VpnManager.CATEGORY_EVENT_IKE_ERROR, VpnManager.ERROR_CLASS_RECOVERABLE, errorCode);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPlatformVpnFailedWithUnknownHostException() throws Exception {
+        final IkeNonProtocolException exception = mock(IkeNonProtocolException.class);
+        final UnknownHostException unknownHostException = new UnknownHostException();
+        final int errorCode = VpnManager.ERROR_CODE_NETWORK_UNKNOWN_HOST;
+        when(exception.getCause()).thenReturn(unknownHostException);
+        doTestPlatformVpnWithException(exception,
+                VpnManager.CATEGORY_EVENT_NETWORK_ERROR, VpnManager.ERROR_CLASS_RECOVERABLE,
+                errorCode);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPlatformVpnFailedWithIkeTimeoutException() throws Exception {
+        final IkeNonProtocolException exception = mock(IkeNonProtocolException.class);
+        final IkeTimeoutException ikeTimeoutException =
+                new IkeTimeoutException("IkeTimeoutException");
+        final int errorCode = VpnManager.ERROR_CODE_NETWORK_PROTOCOL_TIMEOUT;
+        when(exception.getCause()).thenReturn(ikeTimeoutException);
+        doTestPlatformVpnWithException(exception,
+                VpnManager.CATEGORY_EVENT_NETWORK_ERROR, VpnManager.ERROR_CLASS_RECOVERABLE,
+                errorCode);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPlatformVpnFailedWithIkeNetworkLostException() throws Exception {
+        final IkeNetworkLostException exception = new IkeNetworkLostException(
+                new Network(100));
+        doTestPlatformVpnWithException(exception,
+                VpnManager.CATEGORY_EVENT_NETWORK_ERROR, VpnManager.ERROR_CLASS_RECOVERABLE,
+                VpnManager.ERROR_CODE_NETWORK_LOST);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPlatformVpnFailedWithIOException() throws Exception {
+        final IkeNonProtocolException exception = mock(IkeNonProtocolException.class);
+        final IOException ioException = new IOException();
+        final int errorCode = VpnManager.ERROR_CODE_NETWORK_IO;
+        when(exception.getCause()).thenReturn(ioException);
+        doTestPlatformVpnWithException(exception,
+                VpnManager.CATEGORY_EVENT_NETWORK_ERROR, VpnManager.ERROR_CLASS_RECOVERABLE,
+                errorCode);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testStartPlatformVpnIllegalArgumentExceptionInSetup() throws Exception {
         when(mIkev2SessionCreator.createIkeSession(any(), any(), any(), any(), any(), any()))
                 .thenThrow(new IllegalArgumentException());
-        final Vpn vpn = startLegacyVpn(createVpn(primaryUser.id), mVpnProfile);
+        final Vpn vpn = startLegacyVpn(createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id), mVpnProfile);
         final NetworkCallback cb = triggerOnAvailableAndGetCallback();
 
         verifyInterfaceSetCfgWithFlags(IF_STATE_UP);
@@ -1070,6 +1589,30 @@
         assertEquals(LegacyVpnInfo.STATE_FAILED, vpn.getLegacyVpnInfo().state);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testVpnManagerEventWillNotBeSentToSettingsVpn() throws Exception {
+        startLegacyVpn(createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id), mVpnProfile);
+        triggerOnAvailableAndGetCallback();
+
+        verifyInterfaceSetCfgWithFlags(IF_STATE_UP);
+
+        final IkeNonProtocolException exception = mock(IkeNonProtocolException.class);
+        final IkeTimeoutException ikeTimeoutException =
+                new IkeTimeoutException("IkeTimeoutException");
+        when(exception.getCause()).thenReturn(ikeTimeoutException);
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<IkeSessionCallback> captor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(IkeSessionCallback.class);
+        verify(mIkev2SessionCreator, timeout(TEST_TIMEOUT_MS))
+                .createIkeSession(any(), any(), any(), any(), captor.capture(), any());
+        final IkeSessionCallback ikeCb = captor.getValue();
+        ikeCb.onClosedWithException(exception);
+
+        final Context userContext =
+                mContext.createContextAsUser(UserHandle.of(PRIMARY_USER.id), 0 /* flags */);
+        verify(userContext, never()).startService(any());
+    }
+
     private void setAndVerifyAlwaysOnPackage(Vpn vpn, int uid, boolean lockdownEnabled) {
         assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG, lockdownEnabled, null));
 
@@ -1079,18 +1622,18 @@
                 eq(AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED));
 
         verify(mSystemServices).settingsSecurePutStringForUser(
-                eq(Settings.Secure.ALWAYS_ON_VPN_APP), eq(TEST_VPN_PKG), eq(primaryUser.id));
+                eq(Settings.Secure.ALWAYS_ON_VPN_APP), eq(TEST_VPN_PKG), eq(PRIMARY_USER.id));
         verify(mSystemServices).settingsSecurePutIntForUser(
                 eq(Settings.Secure.ALWAYS_ON_VPN_LOCKDOWN), eq(lockdownEnabled ? 1 : 0),
-                eq(primaryUser.id));
+                eq(PRIMARY_USER.id));
         verify(mSystemServices).settingsSecurePutStringForUser(
-                eq(Settings.Secure.ALWAYS_ON_VPN_LOCKDOWN_WHITELIST), eq(""), eq(primaryUser.id));
+                eq(Settings.Secure.ALWAYS_ON_VPN_LOCKDOWN_WHITELIST), eq(""), eq(PRIMARY_USER.id));
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testSetAndStartAlwaysOnVpn() throws Exception {
-        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
-        setMockedUsers(primaryUser);
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id);
+        setMockedUsers(PRIMARY_USER);
 
         // UID checks must return a different UID; otherwise it'll be treated as already prepared.
         final int uid = Process.myUid() + 1;
@@ -1107,7 +1650,7 @@
     }
 
     private Vpn startLegacyVpn(final Vpn vpn, final VpnProfile vpnProfile) throws Exception {
-        setMockedUsers(primaryUser);
+        setMockedUsers(PRIMARY_USER);
 
         // Dummy egress interface
         final LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
@@ -1121,11 +1664,265 @@
         return vpn;
     }
 
+    private IkeSessionConnectionInfo createIkeConnectInfo() {
+        return new IkeSessionConnectionInfo(TEST_VPN_CLIENT_IP, TEST_VPN_SERVER_IP, TEST_NETWORK);
+    }
+
+    private IkeSessionConnectionInfo createIkeConnectInfo_2() {
+        return new IkeSessionConnectionInfo(
+                TEST_VPN_CLIENT_IP_2, TEST_VPN_SERVER_IP_2, TEST_NETWORK_2);
+    }
+
+    private IkeSessionConfiguration createIkeConfig(
+            IkeSessionConnectionInfo ikeConnectInfo, boolean isMobikeEnabled) {
+        final IkeSessionConfiguration.Builder builder =
+                new IkeSessionConfiguration.Builder(ikeConnectInfo);
+
+        if (isMobikeEnabled) {
+            builder.addIkeExtension(EXTENSION_TYPE_MOBIKE);
+        }
+
+        return builder.build();
+    }
+
+    private ChildSessionConfiguration createChildConfig() {
+        return new ChildSessionConfiguration.Builder(Arrays.asList(IN_TS), Arrays.asList(OUT_TS))
+                .addInternalAddress(new LinkAddress(TEST_VPN_INTERNAL_IP, IP4_PREFIX_LEN))
+                .addInternalDnsServer(TEST_VPN_INTERNAL_DNS)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    private IpSecTransform createIpSecTransform() {
+        return new IpSecTransform(mContext, new IpSecConfig());
+    }
+
+    private void verifyApplyTunnelModeTransforms(int expectedTimes) throws Exception {
+        verify(mIpSecService, times(expectedTimes)).applyTunnelModeTransform(
+                eq(TEST_TUNNEL_RESOURCE_ID), eq(IpSecManager.DIRECTION_IN),
+                anyInt(), anyString());
+        verify(mIpSecService, times(expectedTimes)).applyTunnelModeTransform(
+                eq(TEST_TUNNEL_RESOURCE_ID), eq(IpSecManager.DIRECTION_OUT),
+                anyInt(), anyString());
+    }
+
+    private Pair<IkeSessionCallback, ChildSessionCallback> verifyCreateIkeAndCaptureCbs()
+            throws Exception {
+        final ArgumentCaptor<IkeSessionCallback> ikeCbCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(IkeSessionCallback.class);
+        final ArgumentCaptor<ChildSessionCallback> childCbCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(ChildSessionCallback.class);
+
+        verify(mIkev2SessionCreator, timeout(TEST_TIMEOUT_MS)).createIkeSession(
+                any(), any(), any(), any(), ikeCbCaptor.capture(), childCbCaptor.capture());
+
+        return new Pair<>(ikeCbCaptor.getValue(), childCbCaptor.getValue());
+    }
+
+    private static class PlatformVpnSnapshot {
+        public final Vpn vpn;
+        public final NetworkCallback nwCb;
+        public final IkeSessionCallback ikeCb;
+        public final ChildSessionCallback childCb;
+
+        PlatformVpnSnapshot(Vpn vpn, NetworkCallback nwCb,
+                IkeSessionCallback ikeCb, ChildSessionCallback childCb) {
+            this.vpn = vpn;
+            this.nwCb = nwCb;
+            this.ikeCb = ikeCb;
+            this.childCb = childCb;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private PlatformVpnSnapshot verifySetupPlatformVpn(IkeSessionConfiguration ikeConfig)
+            throws Exception {
+        doReturn(mMockNetworkAgent).when(mTestDeps)
+                .newNetworkAgent(
+                        any(), any(), anyString(), any(), any(), any(), any(), any());
+
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpnAndSetupUidChecks(AppOpsManager.OPSTR_ACTIVATE_PLATFORM_VPN);
+        when(mVpnProfileStore.get(vpn.getProfileNameForPackage(TEST_VPN_PKG)))
+                .thenReturn(mVpnProfile.encode());
+
+        vpn.startVpnProfile(TEST_VPN_PKG);
+        final NetworkCallback nwCb = triggerOnAvailableAndGetCallback();
+
+        // Mock the setup procedure by firing callbacks
+        final Pair<IkeSessionCallback, ChildSessionCallback> cbPair =
+                verifyCreateIkeAndCaptureCbs();
+        final IkeSessionCallback ikeCb = cbPair.first;
+        final ChildSessionCallback childCb = cbPair.second;
+
+        ikeCb.onOpened(ikeConfig);
+        childCb.onIpSecTransformCreated(createIpSecTransform(), IpSecManager.DIRECTION_IN);
+        childCb.onIpSecTransformCreated(createIpSecTransform(), IpSecManager.DIRECTION_OUT);
+        childCb.onOpened(createChildConfig());
+
+        // Verification VPN setup
+        verifyApplyTunnelModeTransforms(1);
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<LinkProperties> lpCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(LinkProperties.class);
+        ArgumentCaptor<NetworkCapabilities> ncCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NetworkCapabilities.class);
+        ArgumentCaptor<NetworkAgentConfig> nacCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NetworkAgentConfig.class);
+        verify(mTestDeps).newNetworkAgent(
+                any(), any(), anyString(), ncCaptor.capture(), lpCaptor.capture(),
+                any(), nacCaptor.capture(), any());
+
+        // Check LinkProperties
+        final LinkProperties lp = lpCaptor.getValue();
+        final List<RouteInfo> expectedRoutes = Arrays.asList(
+                new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(Inet4Address.ANY, 0), null /*gateway*/,
+                        TEST_IFACE_NAME, RouteInfo.RTN_UNICAST),
+                new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(Inet6Address.ANY, 0), null /*gateway*/,
+                        TEST_IFACE_NAME, RTN_UNREACHABLE));
+        assertEquals(expectedRoutes, lp.getRoutes());
+
+        // Check internal addresses
+        final List<LinkAddress> expectedAddresses =
+                Arrays.asList(new LinkAddress(TEST_VPN_INTERNAL_IP, IP4_PREFIX_LEN));
+        assertEquals(expectedAddresses, lp.getLinkAddresses());
+
+        // Check internal DNS
+        assertEquals(Arrays.asList(TEST_VPN_INTERNAL_DNS), lp.getDnsServers());
+
+        // Check NetworkCapabilities
+        assertEquals(Arrays.asList(TEST_NETWORK), ncCaptor.getValue().getUnderlyingNetworks());
+
+        // Check if allowBypass is set or not.
+        assertTrue(nacCaptor.getValue().isBypassableVpn());
+
+        return new PlatformVpnSnapshot(vpn, nwCb, ikeCb, childCb);
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testStartPlatformVpn() throws Exception {
-        startLegacyVpn(createVpn(primaryUser.id), mVpnProfile);
-        // TODO: Test the Ikev2VpnRunner started up properly. Relies on utility methods added in
-        // a subsequent patch.
+        final PlatformVpnSnapshot vpnSnapShot = verifySetupPlatformVpn(
+                createIkeConfig(createIkeConnectInfo(), true /* isMobikeEnabled */));
+        vpnSnapShot.vpn.mVpnRunner.exitVpnRunner();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPlatformVpnMobility_mobikeEnabled() throws Exception {
+        final PlatformVpnSnapshot vpnSnapShot = verifySetupPlatformVpn(
+                createIkeConfig(createIkeConnectInfo(), true /* isMobikeEnabled */));
+
+        // Mock network loss and verify a cleanup task is scheduled
+        vpnSnapShot.nwCb.onLost(TEST_NETWORK);
+        verify(mExecutor).schedule(any(Runnable.class), anyLong(), any());
+
+        // Mock new network comes up and the cleanup task is cancelled
+        vpnSnapShot.nwCb.onAvailable(TEST_NETWORK_2);
+        verify(mScheduledFuture).cancel(anyBoolean());
+
+        // Verify MOBIKE is triggered
+        verify(mIkeSessionWrapper).setNetwork(TEST_NETWORK_2);
+
+        // Mock the MOBIKE procedure
+        vpnSnapShot.ikeCb.onIkeSessionConnectionInfoChanged(createIkeConnectInfo_2());
+        vpnSnapShot.childCb.onIpSecTransformsMigrated(
+                createIpSecTransform(), createIpSecTransform());
+
+        verify(mIpSecService).setNetworkForTunnelInterface(
+                eq(TEST_TUNNEL_RESOURCE_ID), eq(TEST_NETWORK_2), anyString());
+
+        // Expect 2 times: one for initial setup and one for MOBIKE
+        verifyApplyTunnelModeTransforms(2);
+
+        // Verify mNetworkCapabilities and mNetworkAgent are updated
+        assertEquals(
+                Collections.singletonList(TEST_NETWORK_2),
+                vpnSnapShot.vpn.mNetworkCapabilities.getUnderlyingNetworks());
+        verify(mMockNetworkAgent)
+                .doSetUnderlyingNetworks(Collections.singletonList(TEST_NETWORK_2));
+
+        vpnSnapShot.vpn.mVpnRunner.exitVpnRunner();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPlatformVpnReestablishes_mobikeDisabled() throws Exception {
+        final PlatformVpnSnapshot vpnSnapShot = verifySetupPlatformVpn(
+                createIkeConfig(createIkeConnectInfo(), false /* isMobikeEnabled */));
+
+        // Forget the first IKE creation to be prepared to capture callbacks of the second
+        // IKE session
+        resetIkev2SessionCreator(mock(Vpn.IkeSessionWrapper.class));
+
+        // Mock network switch
+        vpnSnapShot.nwCb.onLost(TEST_NETWORK);
+        vpnSnapShot.nwCb.onAvailable(TEST_NETWORK_2);
+
+        // Verify the old IKE Session is killed
+        verify(mIkeSessionWrapper).kill();
+
+        // Capture callbacks of the new IKE Session
+        final Pair<IkeSessionCallback, ChildSessionCallback> cbPair =
+                verifyCreateIkeAndCaptureCbs();
+        final IkeSessionCallback ikeCb = cbPair.first;
+        final ChildSessionCallback childCb = cbPair.second;
+
+        // Mock the IKE Session setup
+        ikeCb.onOpened(createIkeConfig(createIkeConnectInfo_2(), false /* isMobikeEnabled */));
+
+        childCb.onIpSecTransformCreated(createIpSecTransform(), IpSecManager.DIRECTION_IN);
+        childCb.onIpSecTransformCreated(createIpSecTransform(), IpSecManager.DIRECTION_OUT);
+        childCb.onOpened(createChildConfig());
+
+        // Expect 2 times since there have been two Session setups
+        verifyApplyTunnelModeTransforms(2);
+
+        // Verify mNetworkCapabilities and mNetworkAgent are updated
+        assertEquals(
+                Collections.singletonList(TEST_NETWORK_2),
+                vpnSnapShot.vpn.mNetworkCapabilities.getUnderlyingNetworks());
+        verify(mMockNetworkAgent)
+                .doSetUnderlyingNetworks(Collections.singletonList(TEST_NETWORK_2));
+
+        vpnSnapShot.vpn.mVpnRunner.exitVpnRunner();
+    }
+
+    private void verifyHandlingNetworkLoss(PlatformVpnSnapshot vpnSnapShot) throws Exception {
+        // Forget the #sendLinkProperties during first setup.
+        reset(mMockNetworkAgent);
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<Runnable> runnableCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Runnable.class);
+
+        // Mock network loss
+        vpnSnapShot.nwCb.onLost(TEST_NETWORK);
+
+        // Mock the grace period expires
+        verify(mExecutor).schedule(runnableCaptor.capture(), anyLong(), any());
+        runnableCaptor.getValue().run();
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<LinkProperties> lpCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(LinkProperties.class);
+        verify(mMockNetworkAgent).doSendLinkProperties(lpCaptor.capture());
+        final LinkProperties lp = lpCaptor.getValue();
+
+        assertNull(lp.getInterfaceName());
+        final List<RouteInfo> expectedRoutes = Arrays.asList(
+                new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(Inet4Address.ANY, 0), null /* gateway */,
+                        null /* iface */, RTN_UNREACHABLE),
+                new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix(Inet6Address.ANY, 0), null /* gateway */,
+                        null /* iface */, RTN_UNREACHABLE));
+        assertEquals(expectedRoutes, lp.getRoutes());
+
+        verify(mMockNetworkAgent).unregister();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPlatformVpnHandlesNetworkLoss_mobikeEnabled() throws Exception {
+        final PlatformVpnSnapshot vpnSnapShot = verifySetupPlatformVpn(
+                createIkeConfig(createIkeConnectInfo(), true /* isMobikeEnabled */));
+        verifyHandlingNetworkLoss(vpnSnapShot);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPlatformVpnHandlesNetworkLoss_mobikeDisabled() throws Exception {
+        final PlatformVpnSnapshot vpnSnapShot = verifySetupPlatformVpn(
+                createIkeConfig(createIkeConnectInfo(), false /* isMobikeEnabled */));
+        verifyHandlingNetworkLoss(vpnSnapShot);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -1138,6 +1935,16 @@
         startRacoon("hostname", "5.6.7.8"); // address returned by deps.resolve
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPptp() throws Exception {
+        startPptp(true /* useMppe */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartPptp_NoMppe() throws Exception {
+        startPptp(false /* useMppe */);
+    }
+
     private void assertTransportInfoMatches(NetworkCapabilities nc, int type) {
         assertNotNull(nc);
         VpnTransportInfo ti = (VpnTransportInfo) nc.getTransportInfo();
@@ -1145,6 +1952,48 @@
         assertEquals(type, ti.getType());
     }
 
+    private void startPptp(boolean useMppe) throws Exception {
+        final VpnProfile profile = new VpnProfile("testProfile" /* key */);
+        profile.type = VpnProfile.TYPE_PPTP;
+        profile.name = "testProfileName";
+        profile.username = "userName";
+        profile.password = "thePassword";
+        profile.server = "192.0.2.123";
+        profile.mppe = useMppe;
+
+        doReturn(new Network[] { new Network(101) }).when(mConnectivityManager).getAllNetworks();
+        doReturn(new Network(102)).when(mConnectivityManager).registerNetworkAgent(any(), any(),
+                any(), any(), any(), any(), anyInt());
+
+        final Vpn vpn = startLegacyVpn(createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id), profile);
+        final TestDeps deps = (TestDeps) vpn.mDeps;
+
+        testAndCleanup(() -> {
+            final String[] mtpdArgs = deps.mtpdArgs.get(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+            final String[] argsPrefix = new String[]{
+                    EGRESS_IFACE, "pptp", profile.server, "1723", "name", profile.username,
+                    "password", profile.password, "linkname", "vpn", "refuse-eap", "nodefaultroute",
+                    "usepeerdns", "idle", "1800", "mtu", "1270", "mru", "1270"
+            };
+            assertArrayEquals(argsPrefix, Arrays.copyOf(mtpdArgs, argsPrefix.length));
+            if (useMppe) {
+                assertEquals(argsPrefix.length + 2, mtpdArgs.length);
+                assertEquals("+mppe", mtpdArgs[argsPrefix.length]);
+                assertEquals("-pap", mtpdArgs[argsPrefix.length + 1]);
+            } else {
+                assertEquals(argsPrefix.length + 1, mtpdArgs.length);
+                assertEquals("nomppe", mtpdArgs[argsPrefix.length]);
+            }
+
+            verify(mConnectivityManager, timeout(10_000)).registerNetworkAgent(any(), any(),
+                    any(), any(), any(), any(), anyInt());
+        }, () -> { // Cleanup
+                vpn.mVpnRunner.exitVpnRunner();
+                deps.getStateFile().delete(); // set to delete on exit, but this deletes it earlier
+                vpn.mVpnRunner.join(10_000); // wait for up to 10s for the runner to die and cleanup
+            });
+    }
+
     public void startRacoon(final String serverAddr, final String expectedAddr)
             throws Exception {
         final ConditionVariable legacyRunnerReady = new ConditionVariable();
@@ -1167,7 +2016,7 @@
                     legacyRunnerReady.open();
                     return new Network(102);
                 });
-        final Vpn vpn = startLegacyVpn(createVpn(primaryUser.id), profile);
+        final Vpn vpn = startLegacyVpn(createVpn(PRIMARY_USER.id), profile);
         final TestDeps deps = (TestDeps) vpn.mDeps;
         try {
             // udppsk and 1701 are the values for TYPE_L2TP_IPSEC_PSK
@@ -1208,7 +2057,8 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private static final class TestDeps extends Vpn.Dependencies {
+    // Make it public and un-final so as to spy it
+    public class TestDeps extends Vpn.Dependencies {
         public final CompletableFuture<String[]> racoonArgs = new CompletableFuture();
         public final CompletableFuture<String[]> mtpdArgs = new CompletableFuture();
         public final File mStateFile;
@@ -1337,6 +2187,22 @@
 
         @Override
         public void setBlocking(FileDescriptor fd, boolean blocking) {}
+
+        @Override
+        public DeviceIdleInternal getDeviceIdleInternal() {
+            return mDeviceIdleInternal;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public long getNextRetryDelaySeconds(int retryCount) {
+            // Simply return retryCount as the delay seconds for retrying.
+            return retryCount;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor newScheduledThreadPoolExecutor() {
+            return mExecutor;
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1348,7 +2214,7 @@
         when(mContext.createContextAsUser(eq(UserHandle.of(userId)), anyInt()))
                 .thenReturn(asUserContext);
         final TestLooper testLooper = new TestLooper();
-        final Vpn vpn = new Vpn(testLooper.getLooper(), mContext, new TestDeps(), mNetService,
+        final Vpn vpn = new Vpn(testLooper.getLooper(), mContext, mTestDeps, mNetService,
                 mNetd, userId, mVpnProfileStore, mSystemServices, mIkev2SessionCreator);
         verify(mConnectivityManager, times(1)).registerNetworkProvider(argThat(
                 provider -> provider.getName().contains("VpnNetworkProvider")
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManagerTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManagerTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f84e2d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManagerTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback;
+import android.net.Network;
+import android.net.NetworkRequest;
+
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.InOrder;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+/** Tests for {@link ConnectivityMonitor}. */
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+public class ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManagerTests {
+    @Mock private Context mContext;
+    @Mock private ConnectivityMonitor.Listener mockListener;
+    @Mock private ConnectivityManager mConnectivityManager;
+
+    private ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManager monitor;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        doReturn(mConnectivityManager).when(mContext)
+                .getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
+        monitor = new ConnectivityMonitorWithConnectivityManager(mContext, mockListener);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInitialState_shouldNotRegisterNetworkCallback() {
+        verifyNetworkCallbackRegistered(0 /* time */);
+        verifyNetworkCallbackUnregistered(0 /* time */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartDiscovery_shouldRegisterNetworkCallback() {
+        monitor.startWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+
+        verifyNetworkCallbackRegistered(1 /* time */);
+        verifyNetworkCallbackUnregistered(0 /* time */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartDiscoveryTwice_shouldRegisterOneNetworkCallback() {
+        monitor.startWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+        monitor.startWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+
+        verifyNetworkCallbackRegistered(1 /* time */);
+        verifyNetworkCallbackUnregistered(0 /* time */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStopDiscovery_shouldUnregisterNetworkCallback() {
+        monitor.startWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+        monitor.stopWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+
+        verifyNetworkCallbackRegistered(1 /* time */);
+        verifyNetworkCallbackUnregistered(1 /* time */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStopDiscoveryTwice_shouldUnregisterNetworkCallback() {
+        monitor.startWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+        monitor.stopWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+
+        verifyNetworkCallbackRegistered(1 /* time */);
+        verifyNetworkCallbackUnregistered(1 /* time */);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIntentFired_shouldNotifyListener() {
+        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mockListener);
+        monitor.startWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<NetworkCallback> callbackCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NetworkCallback.class);
+        verify(mConnectivityManager, times(1)).registerNetworkCallback(
+                any(NetworkRequest.class), callbackCaptor.capture());
+
+        final NetworkCallback callback = callbackCaptor.getValue();
+        final Network testNetwork = new Network(1 /* netId */);
+
+        // Simulate network available.
+        callback.onAvailable(testNetwork);
+        inOrder.verify(mockListener).onConnectivityChanged();
+
+        // Simulate network lost.
+        callback.onLost(testNetwork);
+        inOrder.verify(mockListener).onConnectivityChanged();
+
+        // Simulate network unavailable.
+        callback.onUnavailable();
+        inOrder.verify(mockListener).onConnectivityChanged();
+    }
+
+    private void verifyNetworkCallbackRegistered(int time) {
+        verify(mConnectivityManager, times(time)).registerNetworkCallback(
+                any(NetworkRequest.class), any(NetworkCallback.class));
+    }
+
+    private void verifyNetworkCallbackUnregistered(int time) {
+        verify(mConnectivityManager, times(time))
+                .unregisterNetworkCallback(any(NetworkCallback.class));
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e3c3bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Collections;
+
+/** Tests for {@link MdnsDiscoveryManager}. */
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+public class MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests {
+
+    private static final String SERVICE_TYPE_1 = "_googlecast._tcp.local";
+    private static final String SERVICE_TYPE_2 = "_test._tcp.local";
+
+    @Mock private ExecutorProvider executorProvider;
+    @Mock private MdnsSocketClient socketClient;
+    @Mock private MdnsServiceTypeClient mockServiceTypeClientOne;
+    @Mock private MdnsServiceTypeClient mockServiceTypeClientTwo;
+
+    @Mock MdnsServiceBrowserListener mockListenerOne;
+    @Mock MdnsServiceBrowserListener mockListenerTwo;
+    private MdnsDiscoveryManager discoveryManager;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+
+        when(mockServiceTypeClientOne.getServiceTypeLabels())
+                .thenReturn(TextUtils.split(SERVICE_TYPE_1, "\\."));
+        when(mockServiceTypeClientTwo.getServiceTypeLabels())
+                .thenReturn(TextUtils.split(SERVICE_TYPE_2, "\\."));
+
+        discoveryManager = new MdnsDiscoveryManager(executorProvider, socketClient) {
+                    @Override
+                    MdnsServiceTypeClient createServiceTypeClient(@NonNull String serviceType) {
+                        if (serviceType.equals(SERVICE_TYPE_1)) {
+                            return mockServiceTypeClientOne;
+                        } else if (serviceType.equals(SERVICE_TYPE_2)) {
+                            return mockServiceTypeClientTwo;
+                        }
+                        return null;
+                    }
+                };
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void registerListener_unregisterListener() throws IOException {
+        discoveryManager.registerListener(
+                SERVICE_TYPE_1, mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+        verify(socketClient).startDiscovery();
+        verify(mockServiceTypeClientOne)
+                .startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+
+        when(mockServiceTypeClientOne.stopSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne)).thenReturn(true);
+        discoveryManager.unregisterListener(SERVICE_TYPE_1, mockListenerOne);
+        verify(mockServiceTypeClientOne).stopSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne);
+        verify(socketClient).stopDiscovery();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void registerMultipleListeners() throws IOException {
+        discoveryManager.registerListener(
+                SERVICE_TYPE_1, mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+        verify(socketClient).startDiscovery();
+        verify(mockServiceTypeClientOne)
+                .startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+
+        discoveryManager.registerListener(
+                SERVICE_TYPE_2, mockListenerTwo, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+        verify(mockServiceTypeClientTwo)
+                .startSendAndReceive(mockListenerTwo, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void onResponseReceived() {
+        discoveryManager.registerListener(
+                SERVICE_TYPE_1, mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+        discoveryManager.registerListener(
+                SERVICE_TYPE_2, mockListenerTwo, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+
+        MdnsResponse responseForServiceTypeOne = createMockResponse(SERVICE_TYPE_1);
+        discoveryManager.onResponseReceived(responseForServiceTypeOne);
+        verify(mockServiceTypeClientOne).processResponse(responseForServiceTypeOne);
+
+        MdnsResponse responseForServiceTypeTwo = createMockResponse(SERVICE_TYPE_2);
+        discoveryManager.onResponseReceived(responseForServiceTypeTwo);
+        verify(mockServiceTypeClientTwo).processResponse(responseForServiceTypeTwo);
+
+        MdnsResponse responseForSubtype = createMockResponse("subtype._sub._googlecast._tcp.local");
+        discoveryManager.onResponseReceived(responseForSubtype);
+        verify(mockServiceTypeClientOne).processResponse(responseForSubtype);
+    }
+
+    private MdnsResponse createMockResponse(String serviceType) {
+        MdnsPointerRecord mockPointerRecord = mock(MdnsPointerRecord.class);
+        MdnsResponse mockResponse = mock(MdnsResponse.class);
+        when(mockResponse.getPointerRecords())
+                .thenReturn(Collections.singletonList(mockPointerRecord));
+        when(mockPointerRecord.getName()).thenReturn(TextUtils.split(serviceType, "\\."));
+        return mockResponse;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacketReaderTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacketReaderTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19d8a00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacketReaderTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+public class MdnsPacketReaderTests {
+
+    @Test
+    public void testLimits() throws IOException {
+        byte[] data = new byte[25];
+        DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
+
+        // After creating a new reader, confirm that the remaining is equal to the packet length
+        // (or that there is no temporary limit).
+        MdnsPacketReader packetReader = new MdnsPacketReader(datagramPacket);
+        assertEquals(data.length, packetReader.getRemaining());
+
+        // Confirm that we can set the temporary limit to 0.
+        packetReader.setLimit(0);
+        assertEquals(0, packetReader.getRemaining());
+
+        // Confirm that we can clear the temporary limit, and restore to the length of the packet.
+        packetReader.clearLimit();
+        assertEquals(data.length, packetReader.getRemaining());
+
+        // Confirm that we can set the temporary limit to the actual length of the packet.
+        // While parsing packets, it is common to set the limit to the length of the packet.
+        packetReader.setLimit(data.length);
+        assertEquals(data.length, packetReader.getRemaining());
+
+        // Confirm that we ignore negative limits.
+        packetReader.setLimit(-10);
+        assertEquals(data.length, packetReader.getRemaining());
+
+        // Confirm that we can set the temporary limit to something less than the packet length.
+        packetReader.setLimit(data.length / 2);
+        assertEquals(data.length / 2, packetReader.getRemaining());
+
+        // Confirm that we throw an exception if trying to set the temporary limit beyond the
+        // packet length.
+        packetReader.clearLimit();
+        try {
+            packetReader.setLimit(data.length * 2 + 1);
+            fail("Should have thrown an IOException when trying to set the temporary limit beyond "
+                    + "the packet length");
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            // Expected
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            fail(String.format(
+                    Locale.ROOT,
+                    "Should not have thrown any other exception except " + "for IOException: %s",
+                    e.getMessage()));
+        }
+        assertEquals(data.length, packetReader.getRemaining());
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdb4d4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.HexDump;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.util.List;
+
+// The record test data does not use compressed names (label pointers), since that would require
+// additional data to populate the label dictionary accordingly.
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+public class MdnsRecordTests {
+    private static final String TAG = "MdnsRecordTests";
+    private static final int MAX_PACKET_SIZE = 4096;
+    private static final InetSocketAddress MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS =
+            new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT);
+    private static final InetSocketAddress MULTICAST_IPV6_ADDRESS =
+            new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT);
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInet4AddressRecord() throws IOException {
+        final byte[] dataIn = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+                "0474657374000001" + "0001000011940004" + "0A010203");
+        assertNotNull(dataIn);
+        String dataInText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataIn, 0, dataIn.length);
+
+        // Decode
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn, dataIn.length);
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        assertNotNull(name);
+        assertEquals(1, name.length);
+        assertEquals("test", name[0]);
+        String fqdn = MdnsRecord.labelsToString(name);
+        assertEquals("test", fqdn);
+
+        int type = reader.readUInt16();
+        assertEquals(MdnsRecord.TYPE_A, type);
+
+        MdnsInetAddressRecord record = new MdnsInetAddressRecord(name, MdnsRecord.TYPE_A, reader);
+        Inet4Address addr = record.getInet4Address();
+        assertEquals("/10.1.2.3", addr.toString());
+
+        // Encode
+        MdnsPacketWriter writer = new MdnsPacketWriter(MAX_PACKET_SIZE);
+        record.write(writer, record.getReceiptTime());
+
+        packet = writer.getPacket(MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS);
+        byte[] dataOut = packet.getData();
+
+        String dataOutText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataOut, 0, packet.getLength());
+        Log.d(TAG, dataOutText);
+
+        assertEquals(dataInText, dataOutText);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testTypeAAAInet6AddressRecord() throws IOException {
+        final byte[] dataIn = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+                "047465737400001C"
+                        + "0001000011940010"
+                        + "AABBCCDD11223344"
+                        + "A0B0C0D010203040");
+        assertNotNull(dataIn);
+        String dataInText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataIn, 0, dataIn.length);
+
+        // Decode
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn, dataIn.length);
+        packet.setSocketAddress(
+                new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        assertNotNull(name);
+        assertEquals(1, name.length);
+        String fqdn = MdnsRecord.labelsToString(name);
+        assertEquals("test", fqdn);
+
+        int type = reader.readUInt16();
+        assertEquals(MdnsRecord.TYPE_AAAA, type);
+
+        MdnsInetAddressRecord record = new MdnsInetAddressRecord(name, MdnsRecord.TYPE_AAAA,
+                reader);
+        assertNull(record.getInet4Address());
+        Inet6Address addr = record.getInet6Address();
+        assertEquals("/aabb:ccdd:1122:3344:a0b0:c0d0:1020:3040", addr.toString());
+
+        // Encode
+        MdnsPacketWriter writer = new MdnsPacketWriter(MAX_PACKET_SIZE);
+        record.write(writer, record.getReceiptTime());
+
+        packet = writer.getPacket(MULTICAST_IPV6_ADDRESS);
+        byte[] dataOut = packet.getData();
+
+        String dataOutText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataOut, 0, packet.getLength());
+        Log.d(TAG, dataOutText);
+
+        assertEquals(dataInText, dataOutText);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testTypeAAAInet4AddressRecord() throws IOException {
+        final byte[] dataIn = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+                "047465737400001C"
+                        + "0001000011940010"
+                        + "0000000000000000"
+                        + "0000FFFF10203040");
+        assertNotNull(dataIn);
+        HexDump.dumpHexString(dataIn, 0, dataIn.length);
+
+        // Decode
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn, dataIn.length);
+        packet.setSocketAddress(
+                new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        assertNotNull(name);
+        assertEquals(1, name.length);
+        String fqdn = MdnsRecord.labelsToString(name);
+        assertEquals("test", fqdn);
+
+        int type = reader.readUInt16();
+        assertEquals(MdnsRecord.TYPE_AAAA, type);
+
+        MdnsInetAddressRecord record = new MdnsInetAddressRecord(name, MdnsRecord.TYPE_AAAA,
+                reader);
+        assertNull(record.getInet6Address());
+        Inet4Address addr = record.getInet4Address();
+        assertEquals("/16.32.48.64", addr.toString());
+
+        // Encode
+        MdnsPacketWriter writer = new MdnsPacketWriter(MAX_PACKET_SIZE);
+        record.write(writer, record.getReceiptTime());
+
+        packet = writer.getPacket(MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS);
+        byte[] dataOut = packet.getData();
+
+        String dataOutText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataOut, 0, packet.getLength());
+        Log.d(TAG, dataOutText);
+
+        final byte[] expectedDataIn =
+                HexDump.hexStringToByteArray("047465737400001C000100001194000410203040");
+        assertNotNull(expectedDataIn);
+        String expectedDataInText = HexDump.dumpHexString(expectedDataIn, 0, expectedDataIn.length);
+
+        assertEquals(expectedDataInText, dataOutText);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPointerRecord() throws IOException {
+        final byte[] dataIn = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+                "047465737400000C"
+                        + "000100001194000E"
+                        + "03666F6F03626172"
+                        + "047175787800");
+        assertNotNull(dataIn);
+        String dataInText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataIn, 0, dataIn.length);
+
+        // Decode
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn, dataIn.length);
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        assertNotNull(name);
+        assertEquals(1, name.length);
+        String fqdn = MdnsRecord.labelsToString(name);
+        assertEquals("test", fqdn);
+
+        int type = reader.readUInt16();
+        assertEquals(MdnsRecord.TYPE_PTR, type);
+
+        MdnsPointerRecord record = new MdnsPointerRecord(name, reader);
+        String[] pointer = record.getPointer();
+        assertEquals("foo.bar.quxx", MdnsRecord.labelsToString(pointer));
+
+        assertFalse(record.hasSubtype());
+        assertNull(record.getSubtype());
+
+        // Encode
+        MdnsPacketWriter writer = new MdnsPacketWriter(MAX_PACKET_SIZE);
+        record.write(writer, record.getReceiptTime());
+
+        packet = writer.getPacket(MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS);
+        byte[] dataOut = packet.getData();
+
+        String dataOutText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataOut, 0, packet.getLength());
+        Log.d(TAG, dataOutText);
+
+        assertEquals(dataInText, dataOutText);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testServiceRecord() throws IOException {
+        final byte[] dataIn = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+                "0474657374000021"
+                        + "0001000011940014"
+                        + "000100FF1F480366"
+                        + "6F6F036261720471"
+                        + "75787800");
+        assertNotNull(dataIn);
+        String dataInText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataIn, 0, dataIn.length);
+
+        // Decode
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn, dataIn.length);
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        assertNotNull(name);
+        assertEquals(1, name.length);
+        String fqdn = MdnsRecord.labelsToString(name);
+        assertEquals("test", fqdn);
+
+        int type = reader.readUInt16();
+        assertEquals(MdnsRecord.TYPE_SRV, type);
+
+        MdnsServiceRecord record = new MdnsServiceRecord(name, reader);
+
+        int servicePort = record.getServicePort();
+        assertEquals(8008, servicePort);
+
+        String serviceHost = MdnsRecord.labelsToString(record.getServiceHost());
+        assertEquals("foo.bar.quxx", serviceHost);
+
+        assertEquals(1, record.getServicePriority());
+        assertEquals(255, record.getServiceWeight());
+
+        // Encode
+        MdnsPacketWriter writer = new MdnsPacketWriter(MAX_PACKET_SIZE);
+        record.write(writer, record.getReceiptTime());
+
+        packet = writer.getPacket(MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS);
+        byte[] dataOut = packet.getData();
+
+        String dataOutText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataOut, 0, packet.getLength());
+        Log.d(TAG, dataOutText);
+
+        assertEquals(dataInText, dataOutText);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testTextRecord() throws IOException {
+        final byte[] dataIn = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+                "0474657374000010"
+                        + "0001000011940024"
+                        + "0D613D68656C6C6F"
+                        + "2074686572650C62"
+                        + "3D31323334353637"
+                        + "3839300878797A3D"
+                        + "21402324");
+        assertNotNull(dataIn);
+        String dataInText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataIn, 0, dataIn.length);
+
+        // Decode
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn, dataIn.length);
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        assertNotNull(name);
+        assertEquals(1, name.length);
+        String fqdn = MdnsRecord.labelsToString(name);
+        assertEquals("test", fqdn);
+
+        int type = reader.readUInt16();
+        assertEquals(MdnsRecord.TYPE_TXT, type);
+
+        MdnsTextRecord record = new MdnsTextRecord(name, reader);
+
+        List<String> strings = record.getStrings();
+        assertNotNull(strings);
+        assertEquals(3, strings.size());
+
+        assertEquals("a=hello there", strings.get(0));
+        assertEquals("b=1234567890", strings.get(1));
+        assertEquals("xyz=!@#$", strings.get(2));
+
+        // Encode
+        MdnsPacketWriter writer = new MdnsPacketWriter(MAX_PACKET_SIZE);
+        record.write(writer, record.getReceiptTime());
+
+        packet = writer.getPacket(MULTICAST_IPV4_ADDRESS);
+        byte[] dataOut = packet.getData();
+
+        String dataOutText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataOut, 0, packet.getLength());
+        Log.d(TAG, dataOutText);
+
+        assertEquals(dataInText, dataOutText);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoderTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoderTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea9156c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoderTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsResponseDecoder.Clock;
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.HexDump;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+public class MdnsResponseDecoderTests {
+    private static final byte[] data = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "0000840000000004"
+            + "00000003134A6F68"
+            + "6E6E792773204368"
+            + "726F6D6563617374"
+            + "0B5F676F6F676C65"
+            + "63617374045F7463"
+            + "70056C6F63616C00"
+            + "0010800100001194"
+            + "006C2369643D3937"
+            + "3062663534376237"
+            + "3533666336336332"
+            + "6432613336626238"
+            + "3936616261380576"
+            + "653D30320D6D643D"
+            + "4368726F6D656361"
+            + "73741269633D2F73"
+            + "657475702F69636F"
+            + "6E2E706E6716666E"
+            + "3D4A6F686E6E7927"
+            + "73204368726F6D65"
+            + "636173740463613D"
+            + "350473743D30095F"
+            + "7365727669636573"
+            + "075F646E732D7364"
+            + "045F756470C03100"
+            + "0C00010000119400"
+            + "02C020C020000C00"
+            + "01000011940002C0"
+            + "0CC00C0021800100"
+            + "000078001C000000"
+            + "001F49134A6F686E"
+            + "6E79277320436872"
+            + "6F6D6563617374C0"
+            + "31C0F30001800100"
+            + "0000780004C0A864"
+            + "68C0F3002F800100"
+            + "0000780005C0F300"
+            + "0140C00C002F8001"
+            + "000011940009C00C"
+            + "00050000800040");
+
+    private static final byte[] data6 = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "0000840000000001000000030B5F676F6F676C656361737404"
+            + "5F746370056C6F63616C00000C000100000078003330476F6F676C"
+            + "652D486F6D652D4D61782D61363836666331323961366638636265"
+            + "31643636353139343065336164353766C00CC02E00108001000011"
+            + "9400C02369643D6136383666633132396136663863626531643636"
+            + "3531393430653361643537662363643D4133304233303032363546"
+            + "36384341313233353532434639344141353742314613726D3D4335"
+            + "35393134383530383841313638330576653D3035126D643D476F6F"
+            + "676C6520486F6D65204D61781269633D2F73657475702F69636F6E"
+            + "2E706E6710666E3D417474696320737065616B65720863613D3130"
+            + "3234340473743D320F62733D464138464341363734453537046E66"
+            + "3D320372733DC02E0021800100000078002D000000001F49246136"
+            + "3836666331322D396136662D386362652D316436362D3531393430"
+            + "65336164353766C01DC13F001C8001000000780010200033330000"
+            + "0000DA6C63FFFE7C74830109018001000000780004C0A801026C6F"
+            + "63616C0000018001000000780004C0A8010A000001800100000078"
+            + "0004C0A8010A00000000000000");
+
+    private static final String DUMMY_CAST_SERVICE_NAME = "_googlecast";
+    private static final String[] DUMMY_CAST_SERVICE_TYPE =
+            new String[] {DUMMY_CAST_SERVICE_NAME, "_tcp", "local"};
+
+    private final List<MdnsResponse> responses = new LinkedList<>();
+
+    private final Clock mClock = mock(Clock.class);
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MdnsResponseDecoder decoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(mClock, DUMMY_CAST_SERVICE_TYPE);
+        assertNotNull(data);
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
+        packet.setSocketAddress(
+                new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
+        responses.clear();
+        int errorCode = decoder.decode(packet, responses);
+        assertEquals(MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS, errorCode);
+        assertEquals(1, responses.size());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDecodeWithNullServiceType() {
+        MdnsResponseDecoder decoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(mClock, null);
+        assertNotNull(data);
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
+        packet.setSocketAddress(
+                new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
+        responses.clear();
+        int errorCode = decoder.decode(packet, responses);
+        assertEquals(MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS, errorCode);
+        assertEquals(2, responses.size());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDecodeMultipleAnswerPacket() throws IOException {
+        MdnsResponse response = responses.get(0);
+        assertTrue(response.isComplete());
+
+        MdnsInetAddressRecord inet4AddressRecord = response.getInet4AddressRecord();
+        Inet4Address inet4Addr = inet4AddressRecord.getInet4Address();
+
+        assertNotNull(inet4Addr);
+        assertEquals("/192.168.100.104", inet4Addr.toString());
+
+        MdnsServiceRecord serviceRecord = response.getServiceRecord();
+        String serviceName = serviceRecord.getServiceName();
+        assertEquals(DUMMY_CAST_SERVICE_NAME, serviceName);
+
+        String serviceInstanceName = serviceRecord.getServiceInstanceName();
+        assertEquals("Johnny's Chromecast", serviceInstanceName);
+
+        String serviceHost = MdnsRecord.labelsToString(serviceRecord.getServiceHost());
+        assertEquals("Johnny's Chromecast.local", serviceHost);
+
+        int serviceProto = serviceRecord.getServiceProtocol();
+        assertEquals(MdnsServiceRecord.PROTO_TCP, serviceProto);
+
+        int servicePort = serviceRecord.getServicePort();
+        assertEquals(8009, servicePort);
+
+        int servicePriority = serviceRecord.getServicePriority();
+        assertEquals(0, servicePriority);
+
+        int serviceWeight = serviceRecord.getServiceWeight();
+        assertEquals(0, serviceWeight);
+
+        MdnsTextRecord textRecord = response.getTextRecord();
+        List<String> textStrings = textRecord.getStrings();
+        assertEquals(7, textStrings.size());
+        assertEquals("id=970bf547b753fc63c2d2a36bb896aba8", textStrings.get(0));
+        assertEquals("ve=02", textStrings.get(1));
+        assertEquals("md=Chromecast", textStrings.get(2));
+        assertEquals("ic=/setup/icon.png", textStrings.get(3));
+        assertEquals("fn=Johnny's Chromecast", textStrings.get(4));
+        assertEquals("ca=5", textStrings.get(5));
+        assertEquals("st=0", textStrings.get(6));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDecodeIPv6AnswerPacket() throws IOException {
+        MdnsResponseDecoder decoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(mClock, DUMMY_CAST_SERVICE_TYPE);
+        assertNotNull(data6);
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data6, data6.length);
+        packet.setSocketAddress(
+                new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
+
+        responses.clear();
+        int errorCode = decoder.decode(packet, responses);
+        assertEquals(MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS, errorCode);
+
+        MdnsResponse response = responses.get(0);
+        assertTrue(response.isComplete());
+
+        MdnsInetAddressRecord inet6AddressRecord = response.getInet6AddressRecord();
+        assertNotNull(inet6AddressRecord);
+        Inet4Address inet4Addr = inet6AddressRecord.getInet4Address();
+        assertNull(inet4Addr);
+
+        Inet6Address inet6Addr = inet6AddressRecord.getInet6Address();
+        assertNotNull(inet6Addr);
+        assertEquals(inet6Addr.getHostAddress(), "2000:3333::da6c:63ff:fe7c:7483");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIsComplete() {
+        MdnsResponse response = responses.get(0);
+        assertTrue(response.isComplete());
+
+        response.clearPointerRecords();
+        assertFalse(response.isComplete());
+
+        response = responses.get(0);
+        response.setInet4AddressRecord(null);
+        assertFalse(response.isComplete());
+
+        response = responses.get(0);
+        response.setInet6AddressRecord(null);
+        assertFalse(response.isComplete());
+
+        response = responses.get(0);
+        response.setServiceRecord(null);
+        assertFalse(response.isComplete());
+
+        response = responses.get(0);
+        response.setTextRecord(null);
+        assertFalse(response.isComplete());
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae16f2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.HexDump;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Ignore;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
+// The record test data does not use compressed names (label pointers), since that would require
+// additional data to populate the label dictionary accordingly.
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+public class MdnsResponseTests {
+    private static final String TAG = "MdnsResponseTests";
+    // MDNS response packet for name "test" with an IPv4 address of 10.1.2.3
+    private static final byte[] dataIn_ipv4_1 = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "0474657374000001" + "0001000011940004" + "0A010203");
+    // MDNS response packet for name "tess" with an IPv4 address of 10.1.2.4
+    private static final byte[] dataIn_ipv4_2 = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "0474657373000001" + "0001000011940004" + "0A010204");
+    // MDNS response w/name "test" & IPv6 address of aabb:ccdd:1122:3344:a0b0:c0d0:1020:3040
+    private static final byte[] dataIn_ipv6_1 = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "047465737400001C" + "0001000011940010" + "AABBCCDD11223344" + "A0B0C0D010203040");
+    // MDNS response w/name "test" & IPv6 address of aabb:ccdd:1122:3344:a0b0:c0d0:1020:3030
+    private static final byte[] dataIn_ipv6_2 = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "047465737400001C" + "0001000011940010" + "AABBCCDD11223344" + "A0B0C0D010203030");
+    // MDNS response w/name "test" & PTR to foo.bar.quxx
+    private static final byte[] dataIn_ptr_1 = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "047465737400000C" + "000100001194000E" + "03666F6F03626172" + "047175787800");
+    // MDNS response w/name "test" & PTR to foo.bar.quxy
+    private static final byte[] dataIn_ptr_2 = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "047465737400000C" + "000100001194000E" + "03666F6F03626172" + "047175787900");
+    // MDNS response w/name "test" & Service for host foo.bar.quxx
+    private static final byte[] dataIn_service_1 = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "0474657374000021"
+            + "0001000011940014"
+            + "000100FF1F480366"
+            + "6F6F036261720471"
+            + "75787800");
+    // MDNS response w/name "test" & Service for host test
+    private static final byte[] dataIn_service_2 = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "0474657374000021" + "000100001194000B" + "000100FF1F480474" + "657374");
+    // MDNS response w/name "test" & the following text strings:
+    // "a=hello there", "b=1234567890", and "xyz=!$$$"
+    private static final byte[] dataIn_text_1 = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "0474657374000010"
+            + "0001000011940024"
+            + "0D613D68656C6C6F"
+            + "2074686572650C62"
+            + "3D31323334353637"
+            + "3839300878797A3D"
+            + "21242424");
+    // MDNS response w/name "test" & the following text strings:
+    // "a=hello there", "b=1234567890", and "xyz=!@#$"
+    private static final byte[] dataIn_text_2 = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+            "0474657374000010"
+            + "0001000011940024"
+            + "0D613D68656C6C6F"
+            + "2074686572650C62"
+            + "3D31323334353637"
+            + "3839300878797A3D"
+            + "21402324");
+
+    // The following helper classes act as wrappers so that IPv4 and IPv6 address records can
+    // be explicitly created by type using same constructor signature as all other records.
+    static class MdnsInet4AddressRecord extends MdnsInetAddressRecord {
+        public MdnsInet4AddressRecord(String[] name, MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+            super(name, MdnsRecord.TYPE_A, reader);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class MdnsInet6AddressRecord extends MdnsInetAddressRecord {
+        public MdnsInet6AddressRecord(String[] name, MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+            super(name, MdnsRecord.TYPE_AAAA, reader);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // This helper class just wraps the data bytes of a response packet with the contained record
+    // type.
+    // Its only purpose is to make the test code a bit more readable.
+    static class PacketAndRecordClass {
+        public final byte[] packetData;
+        public final Class<?> recordClass;
+
+        public PacketAndRecordClass() {
+            packetData = null;
+            recordClass = null;
+        }
+
+        public PacketAndRecordClass(byte[] data, Class<?> c) {
+            packetData = data;
+            recordClass = c;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Construct an MdnsResponse with the specified data packets applied.
+    private MdnsResponse makeMdnsResponse(long time, List<PacketAndRecordClass> responseList)
+            throws IOException {
+        MdnsResponse response = new MdnsResponse(time);
+        for (PacketAndRecordClass responseData : responseList) {
+            DatagramPacket packet =
+                    new DatagramPacket(responseData.packetData, responseData.packetData.length);
+            MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+            String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+            reader.skip(2); // skip record type indication.
+            // Apply the right kind of record to the response.
+            if (responseData.recordClass == MdnsInet4AddressRecord.class) {
+                response.setInet4AddressRecord(new MdnsInet4AddressRecord(name, reader));
+            } else if (responseData.recordClass == MdnsInet6AddressRecord.class) {
+                response.setInet6AddressRecord(new MdnsInet6AddressRecord(name, reader));
+            } else if (responseData.recordClass == MdnsPointerRecord.class) {
+                response.addPointerRecord(new MdnsPointerRecord(name, reader));
+            } else if (responseData.recordClass == MdnsServiceRecord.class) {
+                response.setServiceRecord(new MdnsServiceRecord(name, reader));
+            } else if (responseData.recordClass == MdnsTextRecord.class) {
+                response.setTextRecord(new MdnsTextRecord(name, reader));
+            } else {
+                fail("Unsupported/unexpected MdnsRecord subtype used in test - invalid test!");
+            }
+        }
+        return response;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getInet4AddressRecord_returnsAddedRecord() throws IOException {
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn_ipv4_1, dataIn_ipv4_1.length);
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        reader.skip(2); // skip record type indication.
+        MdnsInetAddressRecord record = new MdnsInetAddressRecord(name, MdnsRecord.TYPE_A, reader);
+        MdnsResponse response = new MdnsResponse(0);
+        assertFalse(response.hasInet4AddressRecord());
+        assertTrue(response.setInet4AddressRecord(record));
+        assertEquals(response.getInet4AddressRecord(), record);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getInet6AddressRecord_returnsAddedRecord() throws IOException {
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn_ipv6_1, dataIn_ipv6_1.length);
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        reader.skip(2); // skip record type indication.
+        MdnsInetAddressRecord record =
+                new MdnsInetAddressRecord(name, MdnsRecord.TYPE_AAAA, reader);
+        MdnsResponse response = new MdnsResponse(0);
+        assertFalse(response.hasInet6AddressRecord());
+        assertTrue(response.setInet6AddressRecord(record));
+        assertEquals(response.getInet6AddressRecord(), record);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getPointerRecords_returnsAddedRecord() throws IOException {
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn_ptr_1, dataIn_ptr_1.length);
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        reader.skip(2); // skip record type indication.
+        MdnsPointerRecord record = new MdnsPointerRecord(name, reader);
+        MdnsResponse response = new MdnsResponse(0);
+        assertFalse(response.hasPointerRecords());
+        assertTrue(response.addPointerRecord(record));
+        List<MdnsPointerRecord> recordList = response.getPointerRecords();
+        assertNotNull(recordList);
+        assertEquals(1, recordList.size());
+        assertEquals(record, recordList.get(0));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getServiceRecord_returnsAddedRecord() throws IOException {
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn_service_1, dataIn_service_1.length);
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        reader.skip(2); // skip record type indication.
+        MdnsServiceRecord record = new MdnsServiceRecord(name, reader);
+        MdnsResponse response = new MdnsResponse(0);
+        assertFalse(response.hasServiceRecord());
+        assertTrue(response.setServiceRecord(record));
+        assertEquals(response.getServiceRecord(), record);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void getTextRecord_returnsAddedRecord() throws IOException {
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn_text_1, dataIn_text_1.length);
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        reader.skip(2); // skip record type indication.
+        MdnsTextRecord record = new MdnsTextRecord(name, reader);
+        MdnsResponse response = new MdnsResponse(0);
+        assertFalse(response.hasTextRecord());
+        assertTrue(response.setTextRecord(record));
+        assertEquals(response.getTextRecord(), record);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void mergeRecordsFrom_indicates_change_on_ipv4_address() throws IOException {
+        MdnsResponse response = makeMdnsResponse(
+                0,
+                Arrays.asList(
+                        new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_ipv4_1, MdnsInet4AddressRecord.class)));
+        // Now create a new response that updates the address.
+        MdnsResponse response2 = makeMdnsResponse(
+                100,
+                Arrays.asList(
+                        new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_ipv4_2, MdnsInet4AddressRecord.class)));
+        assertTrue(response.mergeRecordsFrom(response2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void mergeRecordsFrom_indicates_change_on_ipv6_address() throws IOException {
+        MdnsResponse response = makeMdnsResponse(
+                0,
+                Arrays.asList(
+                        new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_ipv6_1, MdnsInet6AddressRecord.class)));
+        // Now create a new response that updates the address.
+        MdnsResponse response2 = makeMdnsResponse(
+                100,
+                Arrays.asList(
+                        new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_ipv6_2, MdnsInet6AddressRecord.class)));
+        assertTrue(response.mergeRecordsFrom(response2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void mergeRecordsFrom_indicates_change_on_text() throws IOException {
+        MdnsResponse response = makeMdnsResponse(
+                0,
+                Arrays.asList(new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_text_1, MdnsTextRecord.class)));
+        // Now create a new response that updates the address.
+        MdnsResponse response2 = makeMdnsResponse(
+                100,
+                Arrays.asList(new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_text_2, MdnsTextRecord.class)));
+        assertTrue(response.mergeRecordsFrom(response2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void mergeRecordsFrom_indicates_change_on_service() throws IOException {
+        MdnsResponse response = makeMdnsResponse(
+                0,
+                Arrays.asList(new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_service_1, MdnsServiceRecord.class)));
+        // Now create a new response that updates the address.
+        MdnsResponse response2 = makeMdnsResponse(
+                100,
+                Arrays.asList(new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_service_2, MdnsServiceRecord.class)));
+        assertTrue(response.mergeRecordsFrom(response2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void mergeRecordsFrom_indicates_change_on_pointer() throws IOException {
+        MdnsResponse response = makeMdnsResponse(
+                0,
+                Arrays.asList(new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_ptr_1, MdnsPointerRecord.class)));
+        // Now create a new response that updates the address.
+        MdnsResponse response2 = makeMdnsResponse(
+                100,
+                Arrays.asList(new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_ptr_2, MdnsPointerRecord.class)));
+        assertTrue(response.mergeRecordsFrom(response2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Ignore("MdnsConfigs is not configurable currently.")
+    public void mergeRecordsFrom_indicates_noChange() throws IOException {
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.useReducedMergeRecordUpdateEvents.override(true);
+        List<PacketAndRecordClass> recordList =
+                Arrays.asList(
+                        new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_ipv4_1, MdnsInet4AddressRecord.class),
+                        new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_ipv6_1, MdnsInet6AddressRecord.class),
+                        new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_ptr_1, MdnsPointerRecord.class),
+                        new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_service_2, MdnsServiceRecord.class),
+                        new PacketAndRecordClass(dataIn_text_1, MdnsTextRecord.class));
+        // Create a two identical responses.
+        MdnsResponse response = makeMdnsResponse(0, recordList);
+        MdnsResponse response2 = makeMdnsResponse(100, recordList);
+        // Merging should not indicate any change.
+        assertFalse(response.mergeRecordsFrom(response2));
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClientTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClientTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5843fd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClientTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,770 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyLong;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+
+import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsServiceTypeClient.QueryTaskConfig;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Ignore;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Captor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.Mockito;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.SocketAddress;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/** Tests for {@link MdnsServiceTypeClient}. */
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+public class MdnsServiceTypeClientTests {
+
+    private static final String SERVICE_TYPE = "_googlecast._tcp.local";
+
+    @Mock
+    private MdnsServiceBrowserListener mockListenerOne;
+    @Mock
+    private MdnsServiceBrowserListener mockListenerTwo;
+    @Mock
+    private MdnsPacketWriter mockPacketWriter;
+    @Mock
+    private MdnsSocketClient mockSocketClient;
+    @Captor
+    private ArgumentCaptor<MdnsServiceInfo> serviceInfoCaptor;
+
+    private final byte[] buf = new byte[10];
+
+    private DatagramPacket[] expectedPackets;
+    private ScheduledFuture<?>[] expectedSendFutures;
+    private FakeExecutor currentThreadExecutor = new FakeExecutor();
+
+    private MdnsServiceTypeClient client;
+
+    @Before
+    @SuppressWarnings("DoNotMock")
+    public void setUp() throws IOException {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+
+        expectedPackets = new DatagramPacket[16];
+        expectedSendFutures = new ScheduledFuture<?>[16];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < expectedSendFutures.length; ++i) {
+            expectedPackets[i] = new DatagramPacket(buf, 0, 5);
+            expectedSendFutures[i] = Mockito.mock(ScheduledFuture.class);
+        }
+        when(mockPacketWriter.getPacket(any(SocketAddress.class)))
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[0])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[1])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[2])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[3])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[4])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[5])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[6])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[7])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[8])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[9])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[10])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[11])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[12])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[13])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[14])
+                .thenReturn(expectedPackets[15]);
+
+        client =
+                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor) {
+                    @Override
+                    MdnsPacketWriter createMdnsPacketWriter() {
+                        return mockPacketWriter;
+                    }
+                };
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void sendQueries_activeScanMode() {
+        MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions =
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder().addSubtype("12345").setIsPassiveMode(false).build();
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, searchOptions);
+
+        // First burst, 3 queries.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(0, 0, /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ true);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                1, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                2, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        // Second burst will be sent after initialTimeBetweenBurstsMs, 3 queries.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                3, MdnsConfigs.initialTimeBetweenBurstsMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                4, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                5, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        // Third burst will be sent after initialTimeBetweenBurstsMs * 2, 3 queries.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                6, MdnsConfigs.initialTimeBetweenBurstsMs() * 2, /* expectsUnicastResponse= */
+                false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                7, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                8, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        // Forth burst will be sent after initialTimeBetweenBurstsMs * 4, 3 queries.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                9, MdnsConfigs.initialTimeBetweenBurstsMs() * 4, /* expectsUnicastResponse= */
+                false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                10, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                11, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        // Fifth burst will be sent after timeBetweenBurstsMs, 3 queries.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(12, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenBurstsMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */
+                false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                13, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                14, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+
+        // Stop sending packets.
+        client.stopSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne);
+        verify(expectedSendFutures[15]).cancel(true);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void sendQueries_reentry_activeScanMode() {
+        MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions =
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder().addSubtype("12345").setIsPassiveMode(false).build();
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, searchOptions);
+
+        // First burst, first query is sent.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(0, 0, /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ true);
+
+        // After the first query is sent, change the subtypes, and restart.
+        searchOptions =
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder()
+                        .addSubtype("12345")
+                        .addSubtype("abcde")
+                        .setIsPassiveMode(false)
+                        .build();
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, searchOptions);
+        // The previous scheduled task should be canceled.
+        verify(expectedSendFutures[1]).cancel(true);
+
+        // Queries should continue to be sent.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(1, 0, /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ true);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                2, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                3, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+
+        // Stop sending packets.
+        client.stopSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne);
+        verify(expectedSendFutures[5]).cancel(true);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void sendQueries_passiveScanMode() {
+        MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions =
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder().addSubtype("12345").setIsPassiveMode(true).build();
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, searchOptions);
+
+        // First burst, 3 query.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(0, 0, /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ true);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                1, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                2, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        // Second burst will be sent after timeBetweenBurstsMs, 1 query.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(3, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenBurstsMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */
+                false);
+        // Third burst will be sent after timeBetweenBurstsMs, 1 query.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(4, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenBurstsMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */
+                false);
+
+        // Stop sending packets.
+        client.stopSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne);
+        verify(expectedSendFutures[5]).cancel(true);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void sendQueries_reentry_passiveScanMode() {
+        MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions =
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder().addSubtype("12345").setIsPassiveMode(true).build();
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, searchOptions);
+
+        // First burst, first query is sent.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(0, 0, /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ true);
+
+        // After the first query is sent, change the subtypes, and restart.
+        searchOptions =
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder()
+                        .addSubtype("12345")
+                        .addSubtype("abcde")
+                        .setIsPassiveMode(true)
+                        .build();
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, searchOptions);
+        // The previous scheduled task should be canceled.
+        verify(expectedSendFutures[1]).cancel(true);
+
+        // Queries should continue to be sent.
+        verifyAndSendQuery(1, 0, /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ true);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                2, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+        verifyAndSendQuery(
+                3, MdnsConfigs.timeBetweenQueriesInBurstMs(), /* expectsUnicastResponse= */ false);
+
+        // Stop sending packets.
+        client.stopSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne);
+        verify(expectedSendFutures[5]).cancel(true);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Ignore("MdnsConfigs is not configurable currently.")
+    public void testQueryTaskConfig_alwaysAskForUnicastResponse() {
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.alwaysAskForUnicastResponseInEachBurst.override(true);
+        MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions =
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder().addSubtype("12345").setIsPassiveMode(false).build();
+        QueryTaskConfig config =
+                new QueryTaskConfig(searchOptions.getSubtypes(), searchOptions.isPassiveMode(), 1);
+
+        // This is the first query. We will ask for unicast response.
+        assertTrue(config.expectUnicastResponse);
+        assertEquals(config.subtypes, searchOptions.getSubtypes());
+        assertEquals(config.transactionId, 1);
+
+        // For the rest of queries in this burst, we will NOT ask for unicast response.
+        for (int i = 1; i < MdnsConfigs.queriesPerBurst(); i++) {
+            int oldTransactionId = config.transactionId;
+            config = config.getConfigForNextRun();
+            assertFalse(config.expectUnicastResponse);
+            assertEquals(config.subtypes, searchOptions.getSubtypes());
+            assertEquals(config.transactionId, oldTransactionId + 1);
+        }
+
+        // This is the first query of a new burst. We will ask for unicast response.
+        int oldTransactionId = config.transactionId;
+        config = config.getConfigForNextRun();
+        assertTrue(config.expectUnicastResponse);
+        assertEquals(config.subtypes, searchOptions.getSubtypes());
+        assertEquals(config.transactionId, oldTransactionId + 1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testQueryTaskConfig_askForUnicastInFirstQuery() {
+        MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions =
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder().addSubtype("12345").setIsPassiveMode(false).build();
+        QueryTaskConfig config =
+                new QueryTaskConfig(searchOptions.getSubtypes(), searchOptions.isPassiveMode(), 1);
+
+        // This is the first query. We will ask for unicast response.
+        assertTrue(config.expectUnicastResponse);
+        assertEquals(config.subtypes, searchOptions.getSubtypes());
+        assertEquals(config.transactionId, 1);
+
+        // For the rest of queries in this burst, we will NOT ask for unicast response.
+        for (int i = 1; i < MdnsConfigs.queriesPerBurst(); i++) {
+            int oldTransactionId = config.transactionId;
+            config = config.getConfigForNextRun();
+            assertFalse(config.expectUnicastResponse);
+            assertEquals(config.subtypes, searchOptions.getSubtypes());
+            assertEquals(config.transactionId, oldTransactionId + 1);
+        }
+
+        // This is the first query of a new burst. We will NOT ask for unicast response.
+        int oldTransactionId = config.transactionId;
+        config = config.getConfigForNextRun();
+        assertFalse(config.expectUnicastResponse);
+        assertEquals(config.subtypes, searchOptions.getSubtypes());
+        assertEquals(config.transactionId, oldTransactionId + 1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Ignore("MdnsConfigs is not configurable currently.")
+    public void testIfPreviousTaskIsCanceledWhenNewSessionStarts() {
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.useSessionIdToScheduleMdnsTask.override(true);
+        MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions =
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder().addSubtype("12345").setIsPassiveMode(true).build();
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, searchOptions);
+        Runnable firstMdnsTask = currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearSubmittedRunnable();
+
+        // Change the sutypes and start a new session.
+        searchOptions =
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder()
+                        .addSubtype("12345")
+                        .addSubtype("abcde")
+                        .setIsPassiveMode(true)
+                        .build();
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, searchOptions);
+
+        // Clear the scheduled runnable.
+        currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable();
+
+        // Simulate the case where the first mdns task is not successful canceled and it gets
+        // executed anyway.
+        firstMdnsTask.run();
+
+        // Although it gets executes, no more task gets scheduled.
+        assertNull(currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Ignore("MdnsConfigs is not configurable currently.")
+    public void testIfPreviousTaskIsCanceledWhenSessionStops() {
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.shouldCancelScanTaskWhenFutureIsNull.override(true);
+        MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions =
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder().addSubtype("12345").setIsPassiveMode(true).build();
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, searchOptions);
+        // Change the sutypes and start a new session.
+        client.stopSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne);
+        // Clear the scheduled runnable.
+        currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable();
+
+        // Simulate the case where the first mdns task is not successful canceled and it gets
+        // executed anyway.
+        currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearSubmittedRunnable().run();
+
+        // Although it gets executes, no more task gets scheduled.
+        assertNull(currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void processResponse_incompleteResponse() {
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+
+        MdnsResponse response = mock(MdnsResponse.class);
+        when(response.getServiceInstanceName()).thenReturn("service-instance-1");
+        when(response.isComplete()).thenReturn(false);
+
+        client.processResponse(response);
+
+        verify(mockListenerOne, never()).onServiceFound(any(MdnsServiceInfo.class));
+        verify(mockListenerOne, never()).onServiceUpdated(any(MdnsServiceInfo.class));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void processIPv4Response_completeResponseForNewServiceInstance() throws Exception {
+        final String ipV4Address = "192.168.1.1";
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+
+        // Process the initial response.
+        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
+                createResponse(
+                        "service-instance-1",
+                        ipV4Address,
+                        5353,
+                        Collections.singletonList("ABCDE"),
+                        Collections.emptyMap());
+        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+
+        // Process a second response with a different port and updated text attributes.
+        MdnsResponse secondResponse =
+                createResponse(
+                        "service-instance-1",
+                        ipV4Address,
+                        5354,
+                        Collections.singletonList("ABCDE"),
+                        Collections.singletonMap("key", "value"));
+        client.processResponse(secondResponse);
+
+        // Verify onServiceFound was called once for the initial response.
+        verify(mockListenerOne).onServiceFound(serviceInfoCaptor.capture());
+        MdnsServiceInfo initialServiceInfo = serviceInfoCaptor.getAllValues().get(0);
+        assertEquals(initialServiceInfo.getServiceInstanceName(), "service-instance-1");
+        assertEquals(initialServiceInfo.getIpv4Address(), ipV4Address);
+        assertEquals(initialServiceInfo.getPort(), 5353);
+        assertEquals(initialServiceInfo.getSubtypes(), Collections.singletonList("ABCDE"));
+        assertNull(initialServiceInfo.getAttributeByKey("key"));
+
+        // Verify onServiceUpdated was called once for the second response.
+        verify(mockListenerOne).onServiceUpdated(serviceInfoCaptor.capture());
+        MdnsServiceInfo updatedServiceInfo = serviceInfoCaptor.getAllValues().get(1);
+        assertEquals(updatedServiceInfo.getServiceInstanceName(), "service-instance-1");
+        assertEquals(updatedServiceInfo.getIpv4Address(), ipV4Address);
+        assertEquals(updatedServiceInfo.getPort(), 5354);
+        assertTrue(updatedServiceInfo.hasSubtypes());
+        assertEquals(updatedServiceInfo.getSubtypes(), Collections.singletonList("ABCDE"));
+        assertEquals(updatedServiceInfo.getAttributeByKey("key"), "value");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void processIPv6Response_getCorrectServiceInfo() throws Exception {
+        final String ipV6Address = "2000:3333::da6c:63ff:fe7c:7483";
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+
+        // Process the initial response.
+        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
+                createResponse(
+                        "service-instance-1",
+                        ipV6Address,
+                        5353,
+                        Collections.singletonList("ABCDE"),
+                        Collections.emptyMap());
+        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+
+        // Process a second response with a different port and updated text attributes.
+        MdnsResponse secondResponse =
+                createResponse(
+                        "service-instance-1",
+                        ipV6Address,
+                        5354,
+                        Collections.singletonList("ABCDE"),
+                        Collections.singletonMap("key", "value"));
+        client.processResponse(secondResponse);
+
+        System.out.println("secondResponses ip"
+                + secondResponse.getInet6AddressRecord().getInet6Address().getHostAddress());
+
+        // Verify onServiceFound was called once for the initial response.
+        verify(mockListenerOne).onServiceFound(serviceInfoCaptor.capture());
+        MdnsServiceInfo initialServiceInfo = serviceInfoCaptor.getAllValues().get(0);
+        assertEquals(initialServiceInfo.getServiceInstanceName(), "service-instance-1");
+        assertEquals(initialServiceInfo.getIpv6Address(), ipV6Address);
+        assertEquals(initialServiceInfo.getPort(), 5353);
+        assertEquals(initialServiceInfo.getSubtypes(), Collections.singletonList("ABCDE"));
+        assertNull(initialServiceInfo.getAttributeByKey("key"));
+
+        // Verify onServiceUpdated was called once for the second response.
+        verify(mockListenerOne).onServiceUpdated(serviceInfoCaptor.capture());
+        MdnsServiceInfo updatedServiceInfo = serviceInfoCaptor.getAllValues().get(1);
+        assertEquals(updatedServiceInfo.getServiceInstanceName(), "service-instance-1");
+        assertEquals(updatedServiceInfo.getIpv6Address(), ipV6Address);
+        assertEquals(updatedServiceInfo.getPort(), 5354);
+        assertTrue(updatedServiceInfo.hasSubtypes());
+        assertEquals(updatedServiceInfo.getSubtypes(), Collections.singletonList("ABCDE"));
+        assertEquals(updatedServiceInfo.getAttributeByKey("key"), "value");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void processResponse_goodBye() {
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerTwo, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+
+        MdnsResponse response = mock(MdnsResponse.class);
+        when(response.getServiceInstanceName()).thenReturn("goodbye-service-instance-name");
+        when(response.isGoodbye()).thenReturn(true);
+        client.processResponse(response);
+
+        verify(mockListenerOne).onServiceRemoved("goodbye-service-instance-name");
+        verify(mockListenerTwo).onServiceRemoved("goodbye-service-instance-name");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void reportExistingServiceToNewlyRegisteredListeners() throws UnknownHostException {
+        // Process the initial response.
+        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
+                createResponse(
+                        "service-instance-1",
+                        "192.168.1.1",
+                        5353,
+                        Collections.singletonList("ABCDE"),
+                        Collections.emptyMap());
+        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+
+        // Verify onServiceFound was called once for the existing response.
+        verify(mockListenerOne).onServiceFound(serviceInfoCaptor.capture());
+        MdnsServiceInfo existingServiceInfo = serviceInfoCaptor.getAllValues().get(0);
+        assertEquals(existingServiceInfo.getServiceInstanceName(), "service-instance-1");
+        assertEquals(existingServiceInfo.getIpv4Address(), "192.168.1.1");
+        assertEquals(existingServiceInfo.getPort(), 5353);
+        assertEquals(existingServiceInfo.getSubtypes(), Collections.singletonList("ABCDE"));
+        assertNull(existingServiceInfo.getAttributeByKey("key"));
+
+        // Process a goodbye message for the existing response.
+        MdnsResponse goodByeResponse = mock(MdnsResponse.class);
+        when(goodByeResponse.getServiceInstanceName()).thenReturn("service-instance-1");
+        when(goodByeResponse.isGoodbye()).thenReturn(true);
+        client.processResponse(goodByeResponse);
+
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerTwo, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+
+        // Verify onServiceFound was not called on the newly registered listener after the existing
+        // response is gone.
+        verify(mockListenerTwo, never()).onServiceFound(any(MdnsServiceInfo.class));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void processResponse_notAllowRemoveSearch_shouldNotRemove() throws Exception {
+        final String serviceInstanceName = "service-instance-1";
+        client.startSendAndReceive(
+                mockListenerOne,
+                MdnsSearchOptions.newBuilder().build());
+        Runnable firstMdnsTask = currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearSubmittedRunnable();
+
+        // Process the initial response.
+        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
+                createResponse(
+                        serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, List.of("ABCDE"),
+                        Map.of());
+        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+
+        // Clear the scheduled runnable.
+        currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable();
+
+        // Simulate the case where the response is after TTL.
+        when(initialResponse.getServiceRecord().getRemainingTTL(anyLong())).thenReturn((long) 0);
+        firstMdnsTask.run();
+
+        // Verify onServiceRemoved was not called.
+        verify(mockListenerOne, never()).onServiceRemoved(serviceInstanceName);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Ignore("MdnsConfigs is not configurable currently.")
+    public void processResponse_allowSearchOptionsToRemoveExpiredService_shouldRemove()
+            throws Exception {
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.allowSearchOptionsToRemoveExpiredService.override(true);
+        final String serviceInstanceName = "service-instance-1";
+        client =
+                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor) {
+                    @Override
+                    MdnsPacketWriter createMdnsPacketWriter() {
+                        return mockPacketWriter;
+                    }
+                };
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+        Runnable firstMdnsTask = currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearSubmittedRunnable();
+
+        // Process the initial response.
+        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
+                createResponse(
+                        serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, List.of("ABCDE"),
+                        Map.of());
+        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+
+        // Clear the scheduled runnable.
+        currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable();
+
+        // Simulate the case where the response is under TTL.
+        when(initialResponse.getServiceRecord().getRemainingTTL(anyLong())).thenReturn((long) 1000);
+        firstMdnsTask.run();
+
+        // Verify onServiceRemoved was not called.
+        verify(mockListenerOne, never()).onServiceRemoved(serviceInstanceName);
+
+        // Simulate the case where the response is after TTL.
+        when(initialResponse.getServiceRecord().getRemainingTTL(anyLong())).thenReturn((long) 0);
+        firstMdnsTask.run();
+
+        // Verify onServiceRemoved was called.
+        verify(mockListenerOne, times(1)).onServiceRemoved(serviceInstanceName);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void processResponse_searchOptionsNotEnableServiceRemoval_shouldNotRemove()
+            throws Exception {
+        final String serviceInstanceName = "service-instance-1";
+        client =
+                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor) {
+                    @Override
+                    MdnsPacketWriter createMdnsPacketWriter() {
+                        return mockPacketWriter;
+                    }
+                };
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+        Runnable firstMdnsTask = currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearSubmittedRunnable();
+
+        // Process the initial response.
+        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
+                createResponse(
+                        serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, List.of("ABCDE"),
+                        Map.of());
+        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+
+        // Clear the scheduled runnable.
+        currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable();
+
+        // Simulate the case where the response is after TTL.
+        when(initialResponse.getServiceRecord().getRemainingTTL(anyLong())).thenReturn((long) 0);
+        firstMdnsTask.run();
+
+        // Verify onServiceRemoved was not called.
+        verify(mockListenerOne, never()).onServiceRemoved(serviceInstanceName);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Ignore("MdnsConfigs is not configurable currently.")
+    public void processResponse_removeServiceAfterTtlExpiresEnabled_shouldRemove()
+            throws Exception {
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.removeServiceAfterTtlExpires.override(true);
+        final String serviceInstanceName = "service-instance-1";
+        client =
+                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor) {
+                    @Override
+                    MdnsPacketWriter createMdnsPacketWriter() {
+                        return mockPacketWriter;
+                    }
+                };
+        client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
+        Runnable firstMdnsTask = currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearSubmittedRunnable();
+
+        // Process the initial response.
+        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
+                createResponse(
+                        serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, List.of("ABCDE"),
+                        Map.of());
+        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+
+        // Clear the scheduled runnable.
+        currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable();
+
+        // Simulate the case where the response is after TTL.
+        when(initialResponse.getServiceRecord().getRemainingTTL(anyLong())).thenReturn((long) 0);
+        firstMdnsTask.run();
+
+        // Verify onServiceRemoved was not called.
+        verify(mockListenerOne, times(1)).onServiceRemoved(serviceInstanceName);
+    }
+
+    // verifies that the right query was enqueued with the right delay, and send query by executing
+    // the runnable.
+    private void verifyAndSendQuery(int index, long timeInMs, boolean expectsUnicastResponse) {
+        assertEquals(currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledDelayInMs(), timeInMs);
+        currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable().run();
+        if (expectsUnicastResponse) {
+            verify(mockSocketClient).sendUnicastPacket(expectedPackets[index]);
+        } else {
+            verify(mockSocketClient).sendMulticastPacket(expectedPackets[index]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // A fake ScheduledExecutorService that keeps tracking the last scheduled Runnable and its delay
+    // time.
+    private class FakeExecutor extends ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor {
+        private long lastScheduledDelayInMs;
+        private Runnable lastScheduledRunnable;
+        private Runnable lastSubmittedRunnable;
+        private int futureIndex;
+
+        FakeExecutor() {
+            super(1);
+            lastScheduledDelayInMs = -1;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public Future<?> submit(Runnable command) {
+            Future<?> future = super.submit(command);
+            lastSubmittedRunnable = command;
+            return future;
+        }
+
+        // Don't call through the real implementation, just track the scheduled Runnable, and
+        // returns a ScheduledFuture.
+        @Override
+        public ScheduledFuture<?> schedule(Runnable command, long delay, TimeUnit unit) {
+            lastScheduledDelayInMs = delay;
+            lastScheduledRunnable = command;
+            return expectedSendFutures[futureIndex++];
+        }
+
+        // Returns the delay of the last scheduled task, and clear it.
+        long getAndClearLastScheduledDelayInMs() {
+            long val = lastScheduledDelayInMs;
+            lastScheduledDelayInMs = -1;
+            return val;
+        }
+
+        // Returns the last scheduled task, and clear it.
+        Runnable getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable() {
+            Runnable val = lastScheduledRunnable;
+            lastScheduledRunnable = null;
+            return val;
+        }
+
+        Runnable getAndClearSubmittedRunnable() {
+            Runnable val = lastSubmittedRunnable;
+            lastSubmittedRunnable = null;
+            return val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Creates a complete mDNS response.
+    private MdnsResponse createResponse(
+            @NonNull String serviceInstanceName,
+            @NonNull String host,
+            int port,
+            @NonNull List<String> subtypes,
+            @NonNull Map<String, String> textAttributes)
+            throws UnknownHostException {
+        String[] hostName = new String[]{"hostname"};
+        MdnsServiceRecord serviceRecord = mock(MdnsServiceRecord.class);
+        when(serviceRecord.getServiceHost()).thenReturn(hostName);
+        when(serviceRecord.getServicePort()).thenReturn(port);
+
+        MdnsResponse response = spy(new MdnsResponse(0));
+
+        MdnsInetAddressRecord inetAddressRecord = mock(MdnsInetAddressRecord.class);
+        if (host.contains(":")) {
+            when(inetAddressRecord.getInet6Address())
+                    .thenReturn((Inet6Address) Inet6Address.getByName(host));
+            response.setInet6AddressRecord(inetAddressRecord);
+        } else {
+            when(inetAddressRecord.getInet4Address())
+                    .thenReturn((Inet4Address) Inet4Address.getByName(host));
+            response.setInet4AddressRecord(inetAddressRecord);
+        }
+
+        MdnsTextRecord textRecord = mock(MdnsTextRecord.class);
+        List<String> textStrings = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (Map.Entry<String, String> kv : textAttributes.entrySet()) {
+            textStrings.add(kv.getKey() + "=" + kv.getValue());
+        }
+        when(textRecord.getStrings()).thenReturn(textStrings);
+
+        response.setServiceRecord(serviceRecord);
+        response.setTextRecord(textRecord);
+
+        doReturn(false).when(response).isGoodbye();
+        doReturn(true).when(response).isComplete();
+        doReturn(serviceInstanceName).when(response).getServiceInstanceName();
+        doReturn(new ArrayList<>(subtypes)).when(response).getSubtypes();
+        return response;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClientTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClientTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21ed7eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClientTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,493 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.timeout;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.Manifest.permission;
+import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
+import android.net.wifi.WifiManager.MulticastLock;
+import android.text.format.DateUtils;
+
+import com.android.net.module.util.HexDump;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Ignore;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+import org.mockito.invocation.InvocationOnMock;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
+
+/** Tests for {@link MdnsSocketClient} */
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+public class MdnsSocketClientTests {
+    private static final long TIMEOUT = 500;
+    private final byte[] buf = new byte[10];
+    final AtomicBoolean enableMulticastResponse = new AtomicBoolean(true);
+    final AtomicBoolean enableUnicastResponse = new AtomicBoolean(true);
+
+    @Mock private Context mContext;
+    @Mock private WifiManager mockWifiManager;
+    @Mock private MdnsSocket mockMulticastSocket;
+    @Mock private MdnsSocket mockUnicastSocket;
+    @Mock private MulticastLock mockMulticastLock;
+    @Mock private MdnsSocketClient.Callback mockCallback;
+
+    private MdnsSocketClient mdnsClient;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() throws RuntimeException, IOException {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+
+        when(mockWifiManager.createMulticastLock(ArgumentMatchers.anyString()))
+                .thenReturn(mockMulticastLock);
+
+        mdnsClient = new MdnsSocketClient(mContext, mockMulticastLock) {
+                    @Override
+                    MdnsSocket createMdnsSocket(int port) throws IOException {
+                        if (port == MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT) {
+                            return mockMulticastSocket;
+                        }
+                        return mockUnicastSocket;
+                    }
+                };
+        mdnsClient.setCallback(mockCallback);
+
+        doAnswer(
+                (InvocationOnMock invocationOnMock) -> {
+                    final byte[] dataIn = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+                            "0000840000000004"
+                            + "00000003134A6F68"
+                            + "6E6E792773204368"
+                            + "726F6D6563617374"
+                            + "0B5F676F6F676C65"
+                            + "63617374045F7463"
+                            + "70056C6F63616C00"
+                            + "0010800100001194"
+                            + "006C2369643D3937"
+                            + "3062663534376237"
+                            + "3533666336336332"
+                            + "6432613336626238"
+                            + "3936616261380576"
+                            + "653D30320D6D643D"
+                            + "4368726F6D656361"
+                            + "73741269633D2F73"
+                            + "657475702F69636F"
+                            + "6E2E706E6716666E"
+                            + "3D4A6F686E6E7927"
+                            + "73204368726F6D65"
+                            + "636173740463613D"
+                            + "350473743D30095F"
+                            + "7365727669636573"
+                            + "075F646E732D7364"
+                            + "045F756470C03100"
+                            + "0C00010000119400"
+                            + "02C020C020000C00"
+                            + "01000011940002C0"
+                            + "0CC00C0021800100"
+                            + "000078001C000000"
+                            + "001F49134A6F686E"
+                            + "6E79277320436872"
+                            + "6F6D6563617374C0"
+                            + "31C0F30001800100"
+                            + "0000780004C0A864"
+                            + "68C0F3002F800100"
+                            + "0000780005C0F300"
+                            + "0140C00C002F8001"
+                            + "000011940009C00C"
+                            + "00050000800040");
+                    if (enableMulticastResponse.get()) {
+                        DatagramPacket packet = invocationOnMock.getArgument(0);
+                        packet.setData(dataIn);
+                    }
+                    return null;
+                })
+                .when(mockMulticastSocket)
+                .receive(any(DatagramPacket.class));
+        doAnswer(
+                (InvocationOnMock invocationOnMock) -> {
+                    final byte[] dataIn = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+                            "0000840000000004"
+                            + "00000003134A6F68"
+                            + "6E6E792773204368"
+                            + "726F6D6563617374"
+                            + "0B5F676F6F676C65"
+                            + "63617374045F7463"
+                            + "70056C6F63616C00"
+                            + "0010800100001194"
+                            + "006C2369643D3937"
+                            + "3062663534376237"
+                            + "3533666336336332"
+                            + "6432613336626238"
+                            + "3936616261380576"
+                            + "653D30320D6D643D"
+                            + "4368726F6D656361"
+                            + "73741269633D2F73"
+                            + "657475702F69636F"
+                            + "6E2E706E6716666E"
+                            + "3D4A6F686E6E7927"
+                            + "73204368726F6D65"
+                            + "636173740463613D"
+                            + "350473743D30095F"
+                            + "7365727669636573"
+                            + "075F646E732D7364"
+                            + "045F756470C03100"
+                            + "0C00010000119400"
+                            + "02C020C020000C00"
+                            + "01000011940002C0"
+                            + "0CC00C0021800100"
+                            + "000078001C000000"
+                            + "001F49134A6F686E"
+                            + "6E79277320436872"
+                            + "6F6D6563617374C0"
+                            + "31C0F30001800100"
+                            + "0000780004C0A864"
+                            + "68C0F3002F800100"
+                            + "0000780005C0F300"
+                            + "0140C00C002F8001"
+                            + "000011940009C00C"
+                            + "00050000800040");
+                    if (enableUnicastResponse.get()) {
+                        DatagramPacket packet = invocationOnMock.getArgument(0);
+                        packet.setData(dataIn);
+                    }
+                    return null;
+                })
+                .when(mockUnicastSocket)
+                .receive(any(DatagramPacket.class));
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() {
+        mdnsClient.stopDiscovery();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Ignore("MdnsConfigs is not configurable currently.")
+    public void testSendPackets_useSeparateSocketForUnicast()
+            throws InterruptedException, IOException {
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.useSeparateSocketToSendUnicastQuery.override(true);
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.checkMulticastResponse.override(true);
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.checkMulticastResponseIntervalMs
+        //        .override(DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS);
+        mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+        Thread multicastReceiverThread = mdnsClient.multicastReceiveThread;
+        Thread unicastReceiverThread = mdnsClient.unicastReceiveThread;
+        Thread sendThread = mdnsClient.sendThread;
+
+        assertTrue(multicastReceiverThread.isAlive());
+        assertTrue(sendThread.isAlive());
+        assertTrue(unicastReceiverThread.isAlive());
+
+        // Sends a packet.
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buf, 0, 5);
+        mdnsClient.sendMulticastPacket(packet);
+        // mockMulticastSocket.send() will be called on another thread. If we verify it immediately,
+        // it may not be called yet. So timeout is added.
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket, timeout(TIMEOUT).times(1)).send(packet);
+        verify(mockUnicastSocket, timeout(TIMEOUT).times(0)).send(packet);
+
+        // Verify the packet is sent by the unicast socket.
+        mdnsClient.sendUnicastPacket(packet);
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket, timeout(TIMEOUT).times(1)).send(packet);
+        verify(mockUnicastSocket, timeout(TIMEOUT).times(1)).send(packet);
+
+        // Stop the MdnsClient, and ensure that it stops in a reasonable amount of time.
+        // Run part of the test logic in a background thread, in case stopDiscovery() blocks
+        // for a long time (the foreground thread can fail the test early).
+        final CountDownLatch stopDiscoveryLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        Thread testThread =
+                new Thread(
+                        new Runnable() {
+                            @RequiresPermission(permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE)
+                            @Override
+                            public void run() {
+                                mdnsClient.stopDiscovery();
+                                stopDiscoveryLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+                        });
+        testThread.start();
+        assertTrue(stopDiscoveryLatch.await(DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+
+        // We should be able to join in a reasonable amount of time, to prove that the
+        // the MdnsClient exited without sending the large queue of packets.
+        testThread.join(DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS);
+
+        assertFalse(multicastReceiverThread.isAlive());
+        assertFalse(sendThread.isAlive());
+        assertFalse(unicastReceiverThread.isAlive());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSendPackets_useSameSocketForMulticastAndUnicast()
+            throws InterruptedException, IOException {
+        mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+        Thread multicastReceiverThread = mdnsClient.multicastReceiveThread;
+        Thread unicastReceiverThread = mdnsClient.unicastReceiveThread;
+        Thread sendThread = mdnsClient.sendThread;
+
+        assertTrue(multicastReceiverThread.isAlive());
+        assertTrue(sendThread.isAlive());
+        assertNull(unicastReceiverThread);
+
+        // Sends a packet.
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buf, 0, 5);
+        mdnsClient.sendMulticastPacket(packet);
+        // mockMulticastSocket.send() will be called on another thread. If we verify it immediately,
+        // it may not be called yet. So timeout is added.
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket, timeout(TIMEOUT).times(1)).send(packet);
+        verify(mockUnicastSocket, timeout(TIMEOUT).times(0)).send(packet);
+
+        // Verify the packet is sent by the multicast socket as well.
+        mdnsClient.sendUnicastPacket(packet);
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket, timeout(TIMEOUT).times(2)).send(packet);
+        verify(mockUnicastSocket, timeout(TIMEOUT).times(0)).send(packet);
+
+        // Stop the MdnsClient, and ensure that it stops in a reasonable amount of time.
+        // Run part of the test logic in a background thread, in case stopDiscovery() blocks
+        // for a long time (the foreground thread can fail the test early).
+        final CountDownLatch stopDiscoveryLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+        Thread testThread =
+                new Thread(
+                        new Runnable() {
+                            @RequiresPermission(permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE)
+                            @Override
+                            public void run() {
+                                mdnsClient.stopDiscovery();
+                                stopDiscoveryLatch.countDown();
+                            }
+                        });
+        testThread.start();
+        assertTrue(stopDiscoveryLatch.await(DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+
+        // We should be able to join in a reasonable amount of time, to prove that the
+        // the MdnsClient exited without sending the large queue of packets.
+        testThread.join(DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS);
+
+        assertFalse(multicastReceiverThread.isAlive());
+        assertFalse(sendThread.isAlive());
+        assertNull(unicastReceiverThread);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartStop() throws IOException {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+
+            Thread multicastReceiverThread = mdnsClient.multicastReceiveThread;
+            Thread socketThread = mdnsClient.sendThread;
+
+            assertTrue(multicastReceiverThread.isAlive());
+            assertTrue(socketThread.isAlive());
+
+            mdnsClient.stopDiscovery();
+
+            assertFalse(multicastReceiverThread.isAlive());
+            assertFalse(socketThread.isAlive());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStopDiscovery_queueIsCleared() throws IOException {
+        mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+        mdnsClient.stopDiscovery();
+        mdnsClient.sendMulticastPacket(new DatagramPacket(buf, 0, 5));
+
+        synchronized (mdnsClient.multicastPacketQueue) {
+            assertTrue(mdnsClient.multicastPacketQueue.isEmpty());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSendPacket_afterDiscoveryStops() throws IOException {
+        mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+        mdnsClient.stopDiscovery();
+        mdnsClient.sendMulticastPacket(new DatagramPacket(buf, 0, 5));
+
+        synchronized (mdnsClient.multicastPacketQueue) {
+            assertTrue(mdnsClient.multicastPacketQueue.isEmpty());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Ignore("MdnsConfigs is not configurable currently.")
+    public void testSendPacket_queueReachesSizeLimit() throws IOException {
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.mdnsPacketQueueMaxSize.override(2L);
+        mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+            mdnsClient.sendMulticastPacket(new DatagramPacket(buf, 0, 5));
+        }
+
+        synchronized (mdnsClient.multicastPacketQueue) {
+            assertTrue(mdnsClient.multicastPacketQueue.size() <= 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testMulticastResponseReceived_useSeparateSocketForUnicast() throws IOException {
+        mdnsClient.setCallback(mockCallback);
+
+        mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+
+        verify(mockCallback, timeout(TIMEOUT).atLeast(1))
+                .onResponseReceived(any(MdnsResponse.class));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testMulticastResponseReceived_useSameSocketForMulticastAndUnicast()
+            throws Exception {
+        mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+
+        verify(mockCallback, timeout(TIMEOUT).atLeastOnce())
+                .onResponseReceived(any(MdnsResponse.class));
+
+        mdnsClient.stopDiscovery();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFailedToParseMdnsResponse_useSeparateSocketForUnicast() throws IOException {
+        mdnsClient.setCallback(mockCallback);
+
+        // Both multicast socket and unicast socket receive malformed responses.
+        byte[] dataIn = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray("0000840000000004");
+        doAnswer(
+                (InvocationOnMock invocationOnMock) -> {
+                    // Malformed data.
+                    DatagramPacket packet = invocationOnMock.getArgument(0);
+                    packet.setData(dataIn);
+                    return null;
+                })
+                .when(mockMulticastSocket)
+                .receive(any(DatagramPacket.class));
+        doAnswer(
+                (InvocationOnMock invocationOnMock) -> {
+                    // Malformed data.
+                    DatagramPacket packet = invocationOnMock.getArgument(0);
+                    packet.setData(dataIn);
+                    return null;
+                })
+                .when(mockUnicastSocket)
+                .receive(any(DatagramPacket.class));
+
+        mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+
+        verify(mockCallback, timeout(TIMEOUT).atLeast(1))
+                .onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(anyInt(), eq(MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_END_OF_FILE));
+
+        mdnsClient.stopDiscovery();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFailedToParseMdnsResponse_useSameSocketForMulticastAndUnicast()
+            throws IOException {
+        doAnswer(
+                (InvocationOnMock invocationOnMock) -> {
+                    final byte[] dataIn = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray("0000840000000004");
+                    DatagramPacket packet = invocationOnMock.getArgument(0);
+                    packet.setData(dataIn);
+                    return null;
+                })
+                .when(mockMulticastSocket)
+                .receive(any(DatagramPacket.class));
+
+        mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+
+        verify(mockCallback, timeout(TIMEOUT).atLeast(1))
+                .onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(1, MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_END_OF_FILE);
+
+        mdnsClient.stopDiscovery();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @Ignore("MdnsConfigs is not configurable currently.")
+    public void testMulticastResponseIsNotReceived() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.checkMulticastResponse.override(true);
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.checkMulticastResponseIntervalMs
+        //        .override(DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS);
+        //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.useSeparateSocketToSendUnicastQuery.override(true);
+        enableMulticastResponse.set(false);
+        enableUnicastResponse.set(true);
+
+        mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buf, 0, 5);
+        mdnsClient.sendUnicastPacket(packet);
+        mdnsClient.sendMulticastPacket(packet);
+
+        // Wait for the timer to be triggered.
+        Thread.sleep(MdnsConfigs.checkMulticastResponseIntervalMs() * 2);
+
+        assertFalse(mdnsClient.receivedMulticastResponse);
+        assertTrue(mdnsClient.receivedUnicastResponse);
+        assertTrue(mdnsClient.cannotReceiveMulticastResponse.get());
+
+        // Allow multicast response and verify the states again.
+        enableMulticastResponse.set(true);
+        Thread.sleep(DateUtils.SECOND_IN_MILLIS);
+
+        // Verify cannotReceiveMulticastResponse is reset to false.
+        assertTrue(mdnsClient.receivedMulticastResponse);
+        assertTrue(mdnsClient.receivedUnicastResponse);
+        assertFalse(mdnsClient.cannotReceiveMulticastResponse.get());
+
+        // Stop the discovery and start a new session. Don't respond the unicsat query either in
+        // this session.
+        enableMulticastResponse.set(false);
+        enableUnicastResponse.set(false);
+        mdnsClient.stopDiscovery();
+        mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
+
+        // Verify the states are reset.
+        assertFalse(mdnsClient.receivedMulticastResponse);
+        assertFalse(mdnsClient.receivedUnicastResponse);
+        assertFalse(mdnsClient.cannotReceiveMulticastResponse.get());
+
+        mdnsClient.sendUnicastPacket(packet);
+        mdnsClient.sendMulticastPacket(packet);
+        Thread.sleep(MdnsConfigs.checkMulticastResponseIntervalMs() * 2);
+
+        // Verify cannotReceiveMulticastResponse is not set the true because we didn't receive the
+        // unicast response either. This is expected for users who don't have any cast device.
+        assertFalse(mdnsClient.receivedMulticastResponse);
+        assertFalse(mdnsClient.receivedUnicastResponse);
+        assertFalse(mdnsClient.cannotReceiveMulticastResponse.get());
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f11a4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.MulticastSocket;
+import java.net.NetworkInterface;
+import java.net.SocketAddress;
+import java.net.SocketException;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.util.Collections;
+
+/** Tests for {@link MdnsSocket}. */
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+public class MdnsSocketTests {
+
+    @Mock private NetworkInterfaceWrapper mockNetworkInterfaceWrapper;
+    @Mock private MulticastSocket mockMulticastSocket;
+    @Mock private MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider mockMulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider;
+    private SocketAddress socketIPv4Address;
+    private SocketAddress socketIPv6Address;
+
+    private byte[] data = new byte[25];
+    private final DatagramPacket datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
+    private NetworkInterface networkInterface;
+
+    private MdnsSocket mdnsSocket;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws SocketException, UnknownHostException {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+
+        networkInterface = createEmptyNetworkInterface();
+        when(mockNetworkInterfaceWrapper.getNetworkInterface()).thenReturn(networkInterface);
+        when(mockMulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider.getMulticastNetworkInterfaces())
+                .thenReturn(Collections.singletonList(mockNetworkInterfaceWrapper));
+        socketIPv4Address = new InetSocketAddress(
+                InetAddress.getByName("224.0.0.251"), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT);
+        socketIPv6Address = new InetSocketAddress(
+                InetAddress.getByName("FF02::FB"), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testMdnsSocket() throws IOException {
+        mdnsSocket =
+                new MdnsSocket(mockMulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider, MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT) {
+                    @Override
+                    MulticastSocket createMulticastSocket(int port) throws IOException {
+                        return mockMulticastSocket;
+                    }
+                };
+        mdnsSocket.send(datagramPacket);
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).setNetworkInterface(networkInterface);
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).send(datagramPacket);
+
+        mdnsSocket.receive(datagramPacket);
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).receive(datagramPacket);
+
+        mdnsSocket.joinGroup();
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).joinGroup(socketIPv4Address, networkInterface);
+
+        mdnsSocket.leaveGroup();
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).leaveGroup(socketIPv4Address, networkInterface);
+
+        mdnsSocket.close();
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIPv6OnlyNetwork_IPv6Enabled() throws IOException {
+        // Have mockMulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider send back an IPv6Only networkInterfaceWrapper
+        networkInterface = createEmptyNetworkInterface();
+        when(mockNetworkInterfaceWrapper.getNetworkInterface()).thenReturn(networkInterface);
+        when(mockMulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider.getMulticastNetworkInterfaces())
+                .thenReturn(Collections.singletonList(mockNetworkInterfaceWrapper));
+
+        mdnsSocket =
+                new MdnsSocket(mockMulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider, MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT) {
+                    @Override
+                    MulticastSocket createMulticastSocket(int port) throws IOException {
+                        return mockMulticastSocket;
+                    }
+                };
+
+        when(mockMulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider.isOnIpV6OnlyNetwork(
+                Collections.singletonList(mockNetworkInterfaceWrapper)))
+                .thenReturn(true);
+
+        mdnsSocket.joinGroup();
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).joinGroup(socketIPv6Address, networkInterface);
+
+        mdnsSocket.leaveGroup();
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).leaveGroup(socketIPv6Address, networkInterface);
+
+        mdnsSocket.close();
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).close();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIPv6OnlyNetwork_IPv6Toggle() throws IOException {
+        // Have mockMulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider send back a networkInterfaceWrapper
+        networkInterface = createEmptyNetworkInterface();
+        when(mockNetworkInterfaceWrapper.getNetworkInterface()).thenReturn(networkInterface);
+        when(mockMulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider.getMulticastNetworkInterfaces())
+                .thenReturn(Collections.singletonList(mockNetworkInterfaceWrapper));
+
+        mdnsSocket =
+                new MdnsSocket(mockMulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider, MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT) {
+                    @Override
+                    MulticastSocket createMulticastSocket(int port) throws IOException {
+                        return mockMulticastSocket;
+                    }
+                };
+
+        when(mockMulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider.isOnIpV6OnlyNetwork(
+                Collections.singletonList(mockNetworkInterfaceWrapper)))
+                .thenReturn(true);
+
+        mdnsSocket.joinGroup();
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).joinGroup(socketIPv6Address, networkInterface);
+
+        mdnsSocket.leaveGroup();
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).leaveGroup(socketIPv6Address, networkInterface);
+
+        mdnsSocket.close();
+        verify(mockMulticastSocket).close();
+    }
+
+    private NetworkInterface createEmptyNetworkInterface() {
+        try {
+            Constructor<NetworkInterface> constructor =
+                    NetworkInterface.class.getDeclaredConstructor();
+            constructor.setAccessible(true);
+            return constructor.newInstance();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MulticastNetworkInterfaceProviderTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MulticastNetworkInterfaceProviderTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2268dfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MulticastNetworkInterfaceProviderTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.InOrder;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InterfaceAddress;
+import java.net.SocketException;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** Tests for {@link MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider}. */
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+public class MulticastNetworkInterfaceProviderTests {
+
+    @Mock private NetworkInterfaceWrapper loopbackInterface;
+    @Mock private NetworkInterfaceWrapper pointToPointInterface;
+    @Mock private NetworkInterfaceWrapper virtualInterface;
+    @Mock private NetworkInterfaceWrapper inactiveMulticastInterface;
+    @Mock private NetworkInterfaceWrapper activeIpv6MulticastInterface;
+    @Mock private NetworkInterfaceWrapper activeIpv6MulticastInterfaceTwo;
+    @Mock private NetworkInterfaceWrapper nonMulticastInterface;
+    @Mock private NetworkInterfaceWrapper multicastInterfaceOne;
+    @Mock private NetworkInterfaceWrapper multicastInterfaceTwo;
+
+    private final List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> networkInterfaces = new ArrayList<>();
+    private MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider provider;
+    private Context context;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws SocketException, UnknownHostException {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        context = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
+
+        setupNetworkInterface(
+                loopbackInterface,
+                true /* isUp */,
+                true /* isLoopBack */,
+                false /* isPointToPoint */,
+                false /* isVirtual */,
+                true /* supportsMulticast */,
+                false /* isIpv6 */);
+
+        setupNetworkInterface(
+                pointToPointInterface,
+                true /* isUp */,
+                false /* isLoopBack */,
+                true /* isPointToPoint */,
+                false /* isVirtual */,
+                true /* supportsMulticast */,
+                false /* isIpv6 */);
+
+        setupNetworkInterface(
+                virtualInterface,
+                true /* isUp */,
+                false /* isLoopBack */,
+                false /* isPointToPoint */,
+                true /* isVirtual */,
+                true /* supportsMulticast */,
+                false /* isIpv6 */);
+
+        setupNetworkInterface(
+                inactiveMulticastInterface,
+                false /* isUp */,
+                false /* isLoopBack */,
+                false /* isPointToPoint */,
+                false /* isVirtual */,
+                true /* supportsMulticast */,
+                false /* isIpv6 */);
+
+        setupNetworkInterface(
+                nonMulticastInterface,
+                true /* isUp */,
+                false /* isLoopBack */,
+                false /* isPointToPoint */,
+                false /* isVirtual */,
+                false /* supportsMulticast */,
+                false /* isIpv6 */);
+
+        setupNetworkInterface(
+                activeIpv6MulticastInterface,
+                true /* isUp */,
+                false /* isLoopBack */,
+                false /* isPointToPoint */,
+                false /* isVirtual */,
+                true /* supportsMulticast */,
+                true /* isIpv6 */);
+
+        setupNetworkInterface(
+                activeIpv6MulticastInterfaceTwo,
+                true /* isUp */,
+                false /* isLoopBack */,
+                false /* isPointToPoint */,
+                false /* isVirtual */,
+                true /* supportsMulticast */,
+                true /* isIpv6 */);
+
+        setupNetworkInterface(
+                multicastInterfaceOne,
+                true /* isUp */,
+                false /* isLoopBack */,
+                false /* isPointToPoint */,
+                false /* isVirtual */,
+                true /* supportsMulticast */,
+                false /* isIpv6 */);
+
+        setupNetworkInterface(
+                multicastInterfaceTwo,
+                true /* isUp */,
+                false /* isLoopBack */,
+                false /* isPointToPoint */,
+                false /* isVirtual */,
+                true /* supportsMulticast */,
+                false /* isIpv6 */);
+
+        provider =
+                new MulticastNetworkInterfaceProvider(context) {
+                    @Override
+                    List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> getNetworkInterfaces() {
+                        return networkInterfaces;
+                    }
+                };
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetMulticastNetworkInterfaces() {
+        // getNetworkInterfaces returns 1 multicast interface and 5 interfaces that can not be used
+        // to send and receive multicast packets.
+        networkInterfaces.add(loopbackInterface);
+        networkInterfaces.add(pointToPointInterface);
+        networkInterfaces.add(virtualInterface);
+        networkInterfaces.add(inactiveMulticastInterface);
+        networkInterfaces.add(nonMulticastInterface);
+        networkInterfaces.add(multicastInterfaceOne);
+
+        assertEquals(Collections.singletonList(multicastInterfaceOne),
+                provider.getMulticastNetworkInterfaces());
+
+        // getNetworkInterfaces returns 2 multicast interfaces after a connectivity change.
+        networkInterfaces.clear();
+        networkInterfaces.add(multicastInterfaceOne);
+        networkInterfaces.add(multicastInterfaceTwo);
+
+        provider.connectivityMonitor.notifyConnectivityChange();
+
+        assertEquals(networkInterfaces, provider.getMulticastNetworkInterfaces());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStartWatchingConnectivityChanges() {
+        ConnectivityMonitor mockMonitor = mock(ConnectivityMonitor.class);
+        provider.connectivityMonitor = mockMonitor;
+
+        InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mockMonitor);
+
+        provider.startWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+        inOrder.verify(mockMonitor).startWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+
+        provider.stopWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+        inOrder.verify(mockMonitor).stopWatchingConnectivityChanges();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIpV6OnlyNetwork_EmptyNetwork() {
+        // getNetworkInterfaces returns no network interfaces.
+        assertFalse(provider.isOnIpV6OnlyNetwork(networkInterfaces));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIpV6OnlyNetwork_IPv4Only() {
+        // getNetworkInterfaces returns two IPv4 network interface.
+        networkInterfaces.add(multicastInterfaceOne);
+        networkInterfaces.add(multicastInterfaceTwo);
+        assertFalse(provider.isOnIpV6OnlyNetwork(networkInterfaces));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIpV6OnlyNetwork_MixedNetwork() {
+        // getNetworkInterfaces returns one IPv6 network interface.
+        networkInterfaces.add(activeIpv6MulticastInterface);
+        networkInterfaces.add(multicastInterfaceOne);
+        networkInterfaces.add(activeIpv6MulticastInterfaceTwo);
+        networkInterfaces.add(multicastInterfaceTwo);
+        assertFalse(provider.isOnIpV6OnlyNetwork(networkInterfaces));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIpV6OnlyNetwork_IPv6Only() {
+        // getNetworkInterfaces returns one IPv6 network interface.
+        networkInterfaces.add(activeIpv6MulticastInterface);
+        networkInterfaces.add(activeIpv6MulticastInterfaceTwo);
+        assertTrue(provider.isOnIpV6OnlyNetwork(networkInterfaces));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIpV6OnlyNetwork_IPv6Enabled() {
+        // getNetworkInterfaces returns one IPv6 network interface.
+        networkInterfaces.add(activeIpv6MulticastInterface);
+        assertTrue(provider.isOnIpV6OnlyNetwork(networkInterfaces));
+
+        final List<NetworkInterfaceWrapper> interfaces = provider.getMulticastNetworkInterfaces();
+        assertEquals(Collections.singletonList(activeIpv6MulticastInterface), interfaces);
+    }
+
+    private void setupNetworkInterface(
+            @NonNull NetworkInterfaceWrapper networkInterfaceWrapper,
+            boolean isUp,
+            boolean isLoopback,
+            boolean isPointToPoint,
+            boolean isVirtual,
+            boolean supportsMulticast,
+            boolean isIpv6)
+            throws SocketException, UnknownHostException {
+        when(networkInterfaceWrapper.isUp()).thenReturn(isUp);
+        when(networkInterfaceWrapper.isLoopback()).thenReturn(isLoopback);
+        when(networkInterfaceWrapper.isPointToPoint()).thenReturn(isPointToPoint);
+        when(networkInterfaceWrapper.isVirtual()).thenReturn(isVirtual);
+        when(networkInterfaceWrapper.supportsMulticast()).thenReturn(supportsMulticast);
+        if (isIpv6) {
+            InterfaceAddress interfaceAddress = mock(InterfaceAddress.class);
+            InetAddress ip6Address = Inet6Address.getByName("2001:4860:0:1001::68");
+            when(interfaceAddress.getAddress()).thenReturn(ip6Address);
+            when(networkInterfaceWrapper.getInterfaceAddresses())
+                    .thenReturn(Collections.singletonList(interfaceAddress));
+        } else {
+            Inet4Address ip = (Inet4Address) Inet4Address.getByName("192.168.0.1");
+            InterfaceAddress interfaceAddress = mock(InterfaceAddress.class);
+            when(interfaceAddress.getAddress()).thenReturn(ip);
+            when(networkInterfaceWrapper.getInterfaceAddresses())
+                    .thenReturn(Collections.singletonList(interfaceAddress));
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetConfigStoreTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetConfigStoreTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9f80ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetConfigStoreTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.ethernet;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.net.InetAddresses;
+import android.net.IpConfiguration;
+import android.net.IpConfiguration.IpAssignment;
+import android.net.IpConfiguration.ProxySettings;
+import android.net.LinkAddress;
+import android.net.ProxyInfo;
+import android.net.StaticIpConfiguration;
+import android.util.ArrayMap;
+
+import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
+import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class EthernetConfigStoreTest {
+    private static final LinkAddress LINKADDR = new LinkAddress("192.168.1.100/25");
+    private static final InetAddress GATEWAY = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("192.168.1.1");
+    private static final InetAddress DNS1 = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("8.8.8.8");
+    private static final InetAddress DNS2 = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("8.8.4.4");
+    private static final StaticIpConfiguration STATIC_IP_CONFIG =
+            new StaticIpConfiguration.Builder()
+                    .setIpAddress(LINKADDR)
+                    .setGateway(GATEWAY)
+                    .setDnsServers(new ArrayList<InetAddress>(
+                            List.of(DNS1, DNS2)))
+                    .build();
+    private static final ProxyInfo PROXY_INFO = ProxyInfo.buildDirectProxy("test", 8888);
+    private static final IpConfiguration APEX_IP_CONFIG =
+            new IpConfiguration(IpAssignment.DHCP, ProxySettings.NONE, null, null);
+    private static final IpConfiguration LEGACY_IP_CONFIG =
+            new IpConfiguration(IpAssignment.STATIC, ProxySettings.STATIC, STATIC_IP_CONFIG,
+                    PROXY_INFO);
+
+    private EthernetConfigStore mEthernetConfigStore;
+    private File mApexTestDir;
+    private File mLegacyTestDir;
+    private File mApexConfigFile;
+    private File mLegacyConfigFile;
+
+    private void createTestDir() {
+        final Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
+        final File baseDir = context.getFilesDir();
+        mApexTestDir = new File(baseDir.getPath() + "/apex");
+        mApexTestDir.mkdirs();
+
+        mLegacyTestDir = new File(baseDir.getPath() + "/legacy");
+        mLegacyTestDir.mkdirs();
+    }
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        createTestDir();
+        mEthernetConfigStore = new EthernetConfigStore();
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() {
+        mApexTestDir.delete();
+        mLegacyTestDir.delete();
+    }
+
+    private void assertConfigFileExist(final String filepath) {
+        assertTrue(new File(filepath).exists());
+    }
+
+    /** Wait for the delayed write operation completes. */
+    private void waitForMs(long ms) {
+        try {
+            Thread.sleep(ms);
+        } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+            fail("Thread was interrupted");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testWriteIpConfigToApexFilePathAndRead() throws Exception {
+        // Write the config file to the apex file path, pretend the config file exits and
+        // check if IP config should be read from apex file path.
+        mApexConfigFile = new File(mApexTestDir.getPath(), "test.txt");
+        mEthernetConfigStore.write("eth0", APEX_IP_CONFIG, mApexConfigFile.getPath());
+        waitForMs(50);
+
+        mEthernetConfigStore.read(mApexTestDir.getPath(), mLegacyTestDir.getPath(), "/test.txt");
+        final ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> ipConfigurations =
+                mEthernetConfigStore.getIpConfigurations();
+        assertEquals(APEX_IP_CONFIG, ipConfigurations.get("eth0"));
+
+        mApexConfigFile.delete();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testWriteIpConfigToLegacyFilePathAndRead() throws Exception {
+        // Write the config file to the legacy file path, pretend the config file exits and
+        // check if IP config should be read from legacy file path.
+        mLegacyConfigFile = new File(mLegacyTestDir, "test.txt");
+        mEthernetConfigStore.write("0", LEGACY_IP_CONFIG, mLegacyConfigFile.getPath());
+        waitForMs(50);
+
+        mEthernetConfigStore.read(mApexTestDir.getPath(), mLegacyTestDir.getPath(), "/test.txt");
+        final ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> ipConfigurations =
+                mEthernetConfigStore.getIpConfigurations();
+        assertEquals(LEGACY_IP_CONFIG, ipConfigurations.get("0"));
+
+        // Check the same config file in apex file path is created.
+        assertConfigFileExist(mApexTestDir.getPath() + "/test.txt");
+
+        final File apexConfigFile = new File(mApexTestDir.getPath() + "/test.txt");
+        apexConfigFile.delete();
+        mLegacyConfigFile.delete();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetNetworkFactoryTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetNetworkFactoryTest.java
index dfb4fcc..949e0c2 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetNetworkFactoryTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetNetworkFactoryTest.java
@@ -16,23 +16,18 @@
 
 package com.android.server.ethernet;
 
-import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
-
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotSame;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.argThat;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
-import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.same;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.clearInvocations;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
@@ -41,9 +36,7 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
-import android.net.EthernetNetworkManagementException;
 import android.net.EthernetNetworkSpecifier;
-import android.net.INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration;
 import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
@@ -51,20 +44,21 @@
 import android.net.NetworkAgentConfig;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkProvider;
+import android.net.NetworkProvider.NetworkOfferCallback;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.net.StaticIpConfiguration;
 import android.net.ip.IpClientCallbacks;
 import android.net.ip.IpClientManager;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
-import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.Looper;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
-import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
 import com.android.net.module.util.InterfaceParams;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
@@ -75,16 +69,13 @@
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
 import java.util.Objects;
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
-import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
-import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
-@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class EthernetNetworkFactoryTest {
     private static final int TIMEOUT_MS = 2_000;
     private static final String TEST_IFACE = "test123";
-    private static final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver NULL_LISTENER = null;
     private static final String IP_ADDR = "192.0.2.2/25";
     private static final LinkAddress LINK_ADDR = new LinkAddress(IP_ADDR);
     private static final String HW_ADDR = "01:02:03:04:05:06";
@@ -92,6 +83,8 @@
     private Handler mHandler;
     private EthernetNetworkFactory mNetFactory = null;
     private IpClientCallbacks mIpClientCallbacks;
+    private NetworkOfferCallback mNetworkOfferCallback;
+    private NetworkRequest mRequestToKeepNetworkUp;
     @Mock private Context mContext;
     @Mock private Resources mResources;
     @Mock private EthernetNetworkFactory.Dependencies mDeps;
@@ -99,6 +92,7 @@
     @Mock private EthernetNetworkAgent mNetworkAgent;
     @Mock private InterfaceParams mInterfaceParams;
     @Mock private Network mMockNetwork;
+    @Mock private NetworkProvider mNetworkProvider;
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
@@ -112,7 +106,7 @@
     private void initEthernetNetworkFactory() {
         mLooper = new TestLooper();
         mHandler = new Handler(mLooper.getLooper());
-        mNetFactory = new EthernetNetworkFactory(mHandler, mContext, mDeps);
+        mNetFactory = new EthernetNetworkFactory(mHandler, mContext, mNetworkProvider, mDeps);
     }
 
     private void setupNetworkAgentMock() {
@@ -238,10 +232,19 @@
         final IpConfiguration ipConfig = createDefaultIpConfig();
         mNetFactory.addInterface(iface, HW_ADDR, ipConfig,
                 createInterfaceCapsBuilder(transportType).build());
-        assertTrue(mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(iface, true, NULL_LISTENER));
+        assertTrue(mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(iface, true));
+
+        ArgumentCaptor<NetworkOfferCallback> captor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(
+                NetworkOfferCallback.class);
+        verify(mNetworkProvider).registerNetworkOffer(any(), any(), any(), captor.capture());
+        mRequestToKeepNetworkUp = createDefaultRequest();
+        mNetworkOfferCallback = captor.getValue();
+        mNetworkOfferCallback.onNetworkNeeded(mRequestToKeepNetworkUp);
+
         verifyStart(ipConfig);
         clearInvocations(mDeps);
         clearInvocations(mIpClient);
+        clearInvocations(mNetworkProvider);
     }
 
     // creates a provisioned interface
@@ -281,130 +284,35 @@
         // To create an unprovisioned interface, provision and then "stop" it, i.e. stop its
         // NetworkAgent and IpClient. One way this can be done is by provisioning an interface and
         // then calling onNetworkUnwanted.
-        createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(iface);
-
-        mNetworkAgent.getCallbacks().onNetworkUnwanted();
-        mLooper.dispatchAll();
-        verifyStop();
+        mNetFactory.addInterface(iface, HW_ADDR, createDefaultIpConfig(),
+                createInterfaceCapsBuilder(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_ETHERNET).build());
+        assertTrue(mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(iface, true));
 
         clearInvocations(mIpClient);
         clearInvocations(mNetworkAgent);
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testAcceptRequest() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        createInterfaceUndergoingProvisioning(TEST_IFACE);
-        assertTrue(mNetFactory.acceptRequest(createDefaultRequest()));
-
-        NetworkRequest wifiRequest = createDefaultRequestBuilder()
-                .removeTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_ETHERNET)
-                .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
-        assertFalse(mNetFactory.acceptRequest(wifiRequest));
-    }
-
-    @Test
     public void testUpdateInterfaceLinkStateForActiveProvisioningInterface() throws Exception {
         initEthernetNetworkFactory();
         createInterfaceUndergoingProvisioning(TEST_IFACE);
-        final TestNetworkManagementListener listener = new TestNetworkManagementListener();
 
         // verify that the IpClient gets shut down when interface state changes to down.
-        final boolean ret =
-                mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(TEST_IFACE, false /* up */, listener);
+        final boolean ret = mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(TEST_IFACE, false /* up */);
 
         assertTrue(ret);
         verify(mIpClient).shutdown();
-        assertEquals(listener.expectOnResult(), TEST_IFACE);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testUpdateInterfaceLinkStateForProvisionedInterface() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
-        final TestNetworkManagementListener listener = new TestNetworkManagementListener();
-
-        final boolean ret =
-                mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(TEST_IFACE, false /* up */, listener);
-
-        assertTrue(ret);
-        verifyStop();
-        assertEquals(listener.expectOnResult(), TEST_IFACE);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testUpdateInterfaceLinkStateForUnprovisionedInterface() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        createUnprovisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
-        final TestNetworkManagementListener listener = new TestNetworkManagementListener();
-
-        final boolean ret =
-                mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(TEST_IFACE, false /* up */, listener);
-
-        assertTrue(ret);
-        // There should not be an active IPClient or NetworkAgent.
-        verify(mDeps, never()).makeIpClient(any(), any(), any());
-        verify(mDeps, never())
-                .makeEthernetNetworkAgent(any(), any(), any(), any(), any(), any(), any());
-        assertEquals(listener.expectOnResult(), TEST_IFACE);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testUpdateInterfaceLinkStateForNonExistingInterface() throws Exception {
         initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        final TestNetworkManagementListener listener = new TestNetworkManagementListener();
 
         // if interface was never added, link state cannot be updated.
-        final boolean ret =
-                mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(TEST_IFACE, true /* up */, listener);
+        final boolean ret = mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(TEST_IFACE, true /* up */);
 
         assertFalse(ret);
         verifyNoStopOrStart();
-        listener.expectOnError();
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testUpdateInterfaceLinkStateWithNoChanges() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
-        final TestNetworkManagementListener listener = new TestNetworkManagementListener();
-
-        final boolean ret =
-                mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(TEST_IFACE, true /* up */, listener);
-
-        assertFalse(ret);
-        verifyNoStopOrStart();
-        listener.expectOnError();
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testNeedNetworkForOnProvisionedInterface() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
-        mNetFactory.needNetworkFor(createDefaultRequest());
-        verify(mIpClient, never()).startProvisioning(any());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testNeedNetworkForOnUnprovisionedInterface() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        createUnprovisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
-        mNetFactory.needNetworkFor(createDefaultRequest());
-        verify(mIpClient).startProvisioning(any());
-
-        triggerOnProvisioningSuccess();
-        verifyNetworkAgentRegistersAndConnects();
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testNeedNetworkForOnInterfaceUndergoingProvisioning() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        createInterfaceUndergoingProvisioning(TEST_IFACE);
-        mNetFactory.needNetworkFor(createDefaultRequest());
-        verify(mIpClient, never()).startProvisioning(any());
-
-        triggerOnProvisioningSuccess();
-        verifyNetworkAgentRegistersAndConnects();
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -441,42 +349,6 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testIpClientIsNotStartedWhenLinkIsDown() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        createUnprovisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
-        mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(TEST_IFACE, false, NULL_LISTENER);
-
-        mNetFactory.needNetworkFor(createDefaultRequest());
-
-        verify(mDeps, never()).makeIpClient(any(), any(), any());
-
-        // BUG(b/191854824): requesting a network with a specifier (Android Auto use case) should
-        // not start an IpClient when the link is down, but fixing this may make matters worse by
-        // tiggering b/197548738.
-        NetworkRequest specificNetRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
-                .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_ETHERNET)
-                .setNetworkSpecifier(new EthernetNetworkSpecifier(TEST_IFACE))
-                .build();
-        mNetFactory.needNetworkFor(specificNetRequest);
-        mNetFactory.releaseNetworkFor(specificNetRequest);
-
-        mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(TEST_IFACE, true, NULL_LISTENER);
-        // TODO: change to once when b/191854824 is fixed.
-        verify(mDeps, times(2)).makeIpClient(any(), eq(TEST_IFACE), any());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testLinkPropertiesChanged() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
-
-        LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
-        mIpClientCallbacks.onLinkPropertiesChange(lp);
-        mLooper.dispatchAll();
-        verify(mNetworkAgent).sendLinkPropertiesImpl(same(lp));
-    }
-
-    @Test
     public void testNetworkUnwanted() throws Exception {
         initEthernetNetworkFactory();
         createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
@@ -621,121 +493,16 @@
         verify(mNetworkAgent).markConnected();
     }
 
-    private static final class TestNetworkManagementListener
-            implements INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver {
-        private final CompletableFuture<String> mResult = new CompletableFuture<>();
-
-        @Override
-        public void onResult(@NonNull String iface) {
-            mResult.complete(iface);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onError(@NonNull EthernetNetworkManagementException exception) {
-            mResult.completeExceptionally(exception);
-        }
-
-        String expectOnResult() throws Exception {
-            return mResult.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
-        }
-
-        void expectOnError() throws Exception {
-            assertThrows(EthernetNetworkManagementException.class, () -> {
-                try {
-                    mResult.get();
-                } catch (ExecutionException e) {
-                    throw e.getCause();
-                }
-            });
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public IBinder asBinder() {
-            return null;
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testUpdateInterfaceCallsListenerCorrectlyOnSuccess() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
-        final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = createDefaultFilterCaps();
-        final IpConfiguration ipConfiguration = createStaticIpConfig();
-        final TestNetworkManagementListener listener = new TestNetworkManagementListener();
-
-        mNetFactory.updateInterface(TEST_IFACE, ipConfiguration, capabilities, listener);
-        triggerOnProvisioningSuccess();
-
-        assertEquals(listener.expectOnResult(), TEST_IFACE);
-    }
-
-    @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2) // TODO: Use to Build.VERSION_CODES.SC_V2 when available
-    @Test
-    public void testUpdateInterfaceAbortsOnConcurrentRemoveInterface() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        verifyNetworkManagementCallIsAbortedWhenInterrupted(
-                TEST_IFACE,
-                () -> mNetFactory.removeInterface(TEST_IFACE));
-    }
-
-    @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2) // TODO: Use to Build.VERSION_CODES.SC_V2 when available
-    @Test
-    public void testUpdateInterfaceAbortsOnConcurrentUpdateInterfaceLinkState() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        verifyNetworkManagementCallIsAbortedWhenInterrupted(
-                TEST_IFACE,
-                () -> mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(TEST_IFACE, false, NULL_LISTENER));
-    }
-
-    @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2) // TODO: Use to Build.VERSION_CODES.SC_V2 when available
-    @Test
-    public void testUpdateInterfaceCallsListenerCorrectlyOnConcurrentRequests() throws Exception {
-        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
-        final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = createDefaultFilterCaps();
-        final IpConfiguration ipConfiguration = createStaticIpConfig();
-        final TestNetworkManagementListener successfulListener =
-                new TestNetworkManagementListener();
-
-        // If two calls come in before the first one completes, the first listener will be aborted
-        // and the second one will be successful.
-        verifyNetworkManagementCallIsAbortedWhenInterrupted(
-                TEST_IFACE,
-                () -> {
-                    mNetFactory.updateInterface(
-                            TEST_IFACE, ipConfiguration, capabilities, successfulListener);
-                    triggerOnProvisioningSuccess();
-                });
-
-        assertEquals(successfulListener.expectOnResult(), TEST_IFACE);
-    }
-
-    private void verifyNetworkManagementCallIsAbortedWhenInterrupted(
-            @NonNull final String iface,
-            @NonNull final Runnable interruptingRunnable) throws Exception {
-        createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(iface);
-        final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = createDefaultFilterCaps();
-        final IpConfiguration ipConfiguration = createStaticIpConfig();
-        final TestNetworkManagementListener failedListener = new TestNetworkManagementListener();
-
-        // An active update request will be aborted on interrupt prior to provisioning completion.
-        mNetFactory.updateInterface(iface, ipConfiguration, capabilities, failedListener);
-        interruptingRunnable.run();
-
-        failedListener.expectOnError();
-    }
-
     @Test
     public void testUpdateInterfaceRestartsAgentCorrectly() throws Exception {
         initEthernetNetworkFactory();
         createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
         final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = createDefaultFilterCaps();
         final IpConfiguration ipConfiguration = createStaticIpConfig();
-        final TestNetworkManagementListener listener = new TestNetworkManagementListener();
 
-        mNetFactory.updateInterface(TEST_IFACE, ipConfiguration, capabilities, listener);
+        mNetFactory.updateInterface(TEST_IFACE, ipConfiguration, capabilities);
         triggerOnProvisioningSuccess();
 
-        assertEquals(listener.expectOnResult(), TEST_IFACE);
         verify(mDeps).makeEthernetNetworkAgent(any(), any(),
                 eq(capabilities), any(), any(), any(), any());
         verifyRestart(ipConfiguration);
@@ -747,12 +514,10 @@
         // No interface exists due to not calling createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(...).
         final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = createDefaultFilterCaps();
         final IpConfiguration ipConfiguration = createStaticIpConfig();
-        final TestNetworkManagementListener listener = new TestNetworkManagementListener();
 
-        mNetFactory.updateInterface(TEST_IFACE, ipConfiguration, capabilities, listener);
+        mNetFactory.updateInterface(TEST_IFACE, ipConfiguration, capabilities);
 
         verifyNoStopOrStart();
-        listener.expectOnError();
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -761,8 +526,8 @@
         createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
 
         final IpConfiguration initialIpConfig = createStaticIpConfig();
-        mNetFactory.updateInterface(TEST_IFACE, initialIpConfig, null /*capabilities*/,
-                null /*listener*/);
+        mNetFactory.updateInterface(TEST_IFACE, initialIpConfig, null /*capabilities*/);
+
         triggerOnProvisioningSuccess();
         verifyRestart(initialIpConfig);
 
@@ -773,9 +538,20 @@
 
 
         // verify that sending a null ipConfig does not update the current ipConfig.
-        mNetFactory.updateInterface(TEST_IFACE, null /*ipConfig*/, null /*capabilities*/,
-                null /*listener*/);
+        mNetFactory.updateInterface(TEST_IFACE, null /*ipConfig*/, null /*capabilities*/);
         triggerOnProvisioningSuccess();
         verifyRestart(initialIpConfig);
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testOnNetworkNeededOnStaleNetworkOffer() throws Exception {
+        initEthernetNetworkFactory();
+        createAndVerifyProvisionedInterface(TEST_IFACE);
+        mNetFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(TEST_IFACE, false);
+        verify(mNetworkProvider).unregisterNetworkOffer(mNetworkOfferCallback);
+        // It is possible that even after a network offer is unregistered, CS still sends it
+        // onNetworkNeeded() callbacks.
+        mNetworkOfferCallback.onNetworkNeeded(createDefaultRequest());
+        verify(mIpClient, never()).startProvisioning(any());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetServiceImplTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetServiceImplTest.java
index dd1f1ed..9bf893a 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetServiceImplTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetServiceImplTest.java
@@ -16,16 +16,18 @@
 
 package com.android.server.ethernet;
 
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_ETHERNET;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
-
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.isNull;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
@@ -35,29 +37,37 @@
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
-import android.net.INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver;
+import android.net.EthernetNetworkSpecifier;
 import android.net.EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest;
+import android.net.INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
+import android.net.StringNetworkSpecifier;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
-import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
-import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
-@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class EthernetServiceImplTest {
     private static final String TEST_IFACE = "test123";
+    private static final NetworkCapabilities DEFAULT_CAPS = new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
+            .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET)
+            .setNetworkSpecifier(new EthernetNetworkSpecifier(TEST_IFACE))
+            .build();
     private static final EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest UPDATE_REQUEST =
             new EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest.Builder()
                     .setIpConfiguration(new IpConfiguration())
-                    .setNetworkCapabilities(new NetworkCapabilities.Builder().build())
+                    .setNetworkCapabilities(DEFAULT_CAPS)
                     .build();
     private static final EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest UPDATE_REQUEST_WITHOUT_CAPABILITIES =
             new EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest.Builder()
@@ -65,18 +75,21 @@
                     .build();
     private static final EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest UPDATE_REQUEST_WITHOUT_IP_CONFIG =
             new EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest.Builder()
-                    .setNetworkCapabilities(new NetworkCapabilities.Builder().build())
+                    .setNetworkCapabilities(DEFAULT_CAPS)
                     .build();
     private static final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver NULL_LISTENER = null;
     private EthernetServiceImpl mEthernetServiceImpl;
-    @Mock private Context mContext;
-    @Mock private Handler mHandler;
-    @Mock private EthernetTracker mEthernetTracker;
-    @Mock private PackageManager mPackageManager;
+    private Context mContext;
+    private Handler mHandler;
+    private EthernetTracker mEthernetTracker;
+    private PackageManager mPackageManager;
 
     @Before
     public void setup() {
-        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mContext = mock(Context.class);
+        mHandler = mock(Handler.class);
+        mEthernetTracker = mock(EthernetTracker.class);
+        mPackageManager = mock(PackageManager.class);
         doReturn(mPackageManager).when(mContext).getPackageManager();
         mEthernetServiceImpl = new EthernetServiceImpl(mContext, mHandler, mEthernetTracker);
         mEthernetServiceImpl.mStarted.set(true);
@@ -111,18 +124,18 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testConnectNetworkRejectsWhenEthNotStarted() {
+    public void testEnableInterfaceRejectsWhenEthNotStarted() {
         mEthernetServiceImpl.mStarted.set(false);
         assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> {
-            mEthernetServiceImpl.connectNetwork("" /* iface */, null /* listener */);
+            mEthernetServiceImpl.enableInterface("" /* iface */, null /* listener */);
         });
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDisconnectNetworkRejectsWhenEthNotStarted() {
+    public void testDisableInterfaceRejectsWhenEthNotStarted() {
         mEthernetServiceImpl.mStarted.set(false);
         assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> {
-            mEthernetServiceImpl.disconnectNetwork("" /* iface */, null /* listener */);
+            mEthernetServiceImpl.disableInterface("" /* iface */, null /* listener */);
         });
     }
 
@@ -134,16 +147,16 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testConnectNetworkRejectsNullIface() {
+    public void testEnableInterfaceRejectsNullIface() {
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
-            mEthernetServiceImpl.connectNetwork(null /* iface */, NULL_LISTENER);
+            mEthernetServiceImpl.enableInterface(null /* iface */, NULL_LISTENER);
         });
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDisconnectNetworkRejectsNullIface() {
+    public void testDisableInterfaceRejectsNullIface() {
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
-            mEthernetServiceImpl.disconnectNetwork(null /* iface */, NULL_LISTENER);
+            mEthernetServiceImpl.disableInterface(null /* iface */, NULL_LISTENER);
         });
     }
 
@@ -156,29 +169,49 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testUpdateConfigurationRejectsWithInvalidSpecifierType() {
+        final StringNetworkSpecifier invalidSpecifierType = new StringNetworkSpecifier("123");
+        final EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest request =
+                new EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest.Builder()
+                        .setNetworkCapabilities(
+                                new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
+                                        .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET)
+                                        .setNetworkSpecifier(invalidSpecifierType)
+                                        .build()
+                        ).build();
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
+            mEthernetServiceImpl.updateConfiguration(
+                    "" /* iface */, request, null /* listener */);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUpdateConfigurationRejectsWithInvalidSpecifierName() {
+        final String ifaceToUpdate = "eth0";
+        final String ifaceOnSpecifier = "wlan0";
+        EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest request =
+                new EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest.Builder()
+                        .setNetworkCapabilities(
+                                new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
+                                        .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET)
+                                        .setNetworkSpecifier(
+                                                new EthernetNetworkSpecifier(ifaceOnSpecifier))
+                                        .build()
+                        ).build();
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
+            mEthernetServiceImpl.updateConfiguration(ifaceToUpdate, request, null /* listener */);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testUpdateConfigurationWithCapabilitiesWithAutomotiveFeature() {
         toggleAutomotiveFeature(false);
         mEthernetServiceImpl.updateConfiguration(TEST_IFACE, UPDATE_REQUEST_WITHOUT_CAPABILITIES,
                 NULL_LISTENER);
         verify(mEthernetTracker).updateConfiguration(eq(TEST_IFACE),
                 eq(UPDATE_REQUEST_WITHOUT_CAPABILITIES.getIpConfiguration()),
-                eq(UPDATE_REQUEST_WITHOUT_CAPABILITIES.getNetworkCapabilities()), isNull());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testConnectNetworkRejectsWithoutAutomotiveFeature() {
-        toggleAutomotiveFeature(false);
-        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
-            mEthernetServiceImpl.connectNetwork("" /* iface */, NULL_LISTENER);
-        });
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testDisconnectNetworkRejectsWithoutAutomotiveFeature() {
-        toggleAutomotiveFeature(false);
-        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
-            mEthernetServiceImpl.disconnectNetwork("" /* iface */, NULL_LISTENER);
-        });
+                eq(UPDATE_REQUEST_WITHOUT_CAPABILITIES.getNetworkCapabilities()),
+                any(EthernetCallback.class));
     }
 
     private void denyManageEthPermission() {
@@ -202,18 +235,18 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testConnectNetworkRejectsWithoutManageEthPermission() {
+    public void testEnableInterfaceRejectsWithoutManageEthPermission() {
         denyManageEthPermission();
         assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> {
-            mEthernetServiceImpl.connectNetwork(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
+            mEthernetServiceImpl.enableInterface(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
         });
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDisconnectNetworkRejectsWithoutManageEthPermission() {
+    public void testDisableInterfaceRejectsWithoutManageEthPermission() {
         denyManageEthPermission();
         assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> {
-            mEthernetServiceImpl.disconnectNetwork(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
+            mEthernetServiceImpl.disableInterface(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
         });
     }
 
@@ -231,20 +264,20 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testConnectNetworkRejectsTestRequestWithoutTestPermission() {
+    public void testEnableInterfaceRejectsTestRequestWithoutTestPermission() {
         enableTestInterface();
         denyManageTestNetworksPermission();
         assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> {
-            mEthernetServiceImpl.connectNetwork(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
+            mEthernetServiceImpl.enableInterface(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
         });
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDisconnectNetworkRejectsTestRequestWithoutTestPermission() {
+    public void testDisableInterfaceRejectsTestRequestWithoutTestPermission() {
         enableTestInterface();
         denyManageTestNetworksPermission();
         assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> {
-            mEthernetServiceImpl.disconnectNetwork(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
+            mEthernetServiceImpl.disableInterface(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
         });
     }
 
@@ -254,19 +287,39 @@
         verify(mEthernetTracker).updateConfiguration(
                 eq(TEST_IFACE),
                 eq(UPDATE_REQUEST.getIpConfiguration()),
-                eq(UPDATE_REQUEST.getNetworkCapabilities()), eq(NULL_LISTENER));
+                eq(UPDATE_REQUEST.getNetworkCapabilities()),
+                any(EthernetCallback.class));
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testConnectNetwork() {
-        mEthernetServiceImpl.connectNetwork(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
-        verify(mEthernetTracker).connectNetwork(eq(TEST_IFACE), eq(NULL_LISTENER));
+    public void testUpdateConfigurationAddsSpecifierWhenNotSet() {
+        final NetworkCapabilities nc = new NetworkCapabilities.Builder()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET).build();
+        final EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest requestSansSpecifier =
+                new EthernetNetworkUpdateRequest.Builder()
+                        .setNetworkCapabilities(nc)
+                        .build();
+        final NetworkCapabilities ncWithSpecifier = new NetworkCapabilities(nc)
+                .setNetworkSpecifier(new EthernetNetworkSpecifier(TEST_IFACE));
+
+        mEthernetServiceImpl.updateConfiguration(TEST_IFACE, requestSansSpecifier, NULL_LISTENER);
+        verify(mEthernetTracker).updateConfiguration(
+                eq(TEST_IFACE),
+                isNull(),
+                eq(ncWithSpecifier), any(EthernetCallback.class));
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDisconnectNetwork() {
-        mEthernetServiceImpl.disconnectNetwork(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
-        verify(mEthernetTracker).disconnectNetwork(eq(TEST_IFACE), eq(NULL_LISTENER));
+    public void testEnableInterface() {
+        mEthernetServiceImpl.enableInterface(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
+        verify(mEthernetTracker).enableInterface(eq(TEST_IFACE),
+                any(EthernetCallback.class));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDisableInterface() {
+        mEthernetServiceImpl.disableInterface(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
+        verify(mEthernetTracker).disableInterface(eq(TEST_IFACE), any(EthernetCallback.class));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -279,7 +332,7 @@
         mEthernetServiceImpl.updateConfiguration(TEST_IFACE, request, NULL_LISTENER);
         verify(mEthernetTracker).updateConfiguration(eq(TEST_IFACE),
                 eq(request.getIpConfiguration()),
-                eq(request.getNetworkCapabilities()), isNull());
+                eq(request.getNetworkCapabilities()), any(EthernetCallback.class));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -288,7 +341,8 @@
                 NULL_LISTENER);
         verify(mEthernetTracker).updateConfiguration(eq(TEST_IFACE),
                 eq(UPDATE_REQUEST_WITHOUT_IP_CONFIG.getIpConfiguration()),
-                eq(UPDATE_REQUEST_WITHOUT_IP_CONFIG.getNetworkCapabilities()), isNull());
+                eq(UPDATE_REQUEST_WITHOUT_IP_CONFIG.getNetworkCapabilities()),
+                any(EthernetCallback.class));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -320,27 +374,29 @@
         verify(mEthernetTracker).updateConfiguration(
                 eq(TEST_IFACE),
                 eq(request.getIpConfiguration()),
-                eq(request.getNetworkCapabilities()), eq(NULL_LISTENER));
+                eq(request.getNetworkCapabilities()), any(EthernetCallback.class));
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testConnectNetworkForTestRequestDoesNotRequireAutoOrNetPermission() {
+    public void testEnableInterfaceForTestRequestDoesNotRequireNetPermission() {
         enableTestInterface();
         toggleAutomotiveFeature(false);
         denyManageEthPermission();
 
-        mEthernetServiceImpl.connectNetwork(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
-        verify(mEthernetTracker).connectNetwork(eq(TEST_IFACE), eq(NULL_LISTENER));
+        mEthernetServiceImpl.enableInterface(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
+        verify(mEthernetTracker).enableInterface(eq(TEST_IFACE),
+                any(EthernetCallback.class));
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDisconnectNetworkForTestRequestDoesNotRequireAutoOrNetPermission() {
+    public void testDisableInterfaceForTestRequestDoesNotRequireAutoOrNetPermission() {
         enableTestInterface();
         toggleAutomotiveFeature(false);
         denyManageEthPermission();
 
-        mEthernetServiceImpl.disconnectNetwork(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
-        verify(mEthernetTracker).disconnectNetwork(eq(TEST_IFACE), eq(NULL_LISTENER));
+        mEthernetServiceImpl.disableInterface(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
+        verify(mEthernetTracker).disableInterface(eq(TEST_IFACE),
+                any(EthernetCallback.class));
     }
 
     private void denyPermissions(String... permissions) {
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTrackerTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTrackerTest.java
index b1831c4..5e7f0ff 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTrackerTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTrackerTest.java
@@ -23,38 +23,29 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
-import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyBoolean;
-import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import android.content.Context;
-import android.content.res.Resources;
-import android.net.EthernetManager;
-import android.net.InetAddresses;
-import android.net.INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver;
-import android.net.IEthernetServiceListener;
 import android.net.INetd;
+import android.net.InetAddresses;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration.IpAssignment;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration.ProxySettings;
-import android.net.InterfaceConfigurationParcel;
 import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.StaticIpConfiguration;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
-import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
-import com.android.connectivity.resources.R;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
 import com.android.testutils.HandlerUtils;
 
 import org.junit.After;
@@ -68,12 +59,13 @@
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 
 @SmallTest
-@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class EthernetTrackerTest {
     private static final String TEST_IFACE = "test123";
     private static final int TIMEOUT_MS = 1_000;
     private static final String THREAD_NAME = "EthernetServiceThread";
-    private static final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver NULL_LISTENER = null;
+    private static final EthernetCallback NULL_CB = new EthernetCallback(null);
     private EthernetTracker tracker;
     private HandlerThread mHandlerThread;
     @Mock private Context mContext;
@@ -85,8 +77,8 @@
     public void setUp() throws RemoteException {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
         initMockResources();
-        when(mFactory.updateInterfaceLinkState(anyString(), anyBoolean(), any())).thenReturn(false);
-        when(mNetd.interfaceGetList()).thenReturn(new String[0]);
+        doReturn(false).when(mFactory).updateInterfaceLinkState(anyString(), anyBoolean());
+        doReturn(new String[0]).when(mNetd).interfaceGetList();
         mHandlerThread = new HandlerThread(THREAD_NAME);
         mHandlerThread.start();
         tracker = new EthernetTracker(mContext, mHandlerThread.getThreadHandler(), mFactory, mNetd,
@@ -99,8 +91,8 @@
     }
 
     private void initMockResources() {
-        when(mDeps.getInterfaceRegexFromResource(eq(mContext))).thenReturn("");
-        when(mDeps.getInterfaceConfigFromResource(eq(mContext))).thenReturn(new String[0]);
+        doReturn("").when(mDeps).getInterfaceRegexFromResource(eq(mContext));
+        doReturn(new String[0]).when(mDeps).getInterfaceConfigFromResource(eq(mContext));
     }
 
     private void waitForIdle() {
@@ -341,31 +333,13 @@
                 new StaticIpConfiguration.Builder().setIpAddress(linkAddr).build();
         final IpConfiguration ipConfig =
                 new IpConfiguration.Builder().setStaticIpConfiguration(staticIpConfig).build();
-        final INetworkInterfaceOutcomeReceiver listener = null;
+        final EthernetCallback listener = new EthernetCallback(null);
 
         tracker.updateConfiguration(TEST_IFACE, ipConfig, capabilities, listener);
         waitForIdle();
 
         verify(mFactory).updateInterface(
-                eq(TEST_IFACE), eq(ipConfig), eq(capabilities), eq(listener));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testConnectNetworkCorrectlyCallsFactory() {
-        tracker.connectNetwork(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
-        waitForIdle();
-
-        verify(mFactory).updateInterfaceLinkState(eq(TEST_IFACE), eq(true /* up */),
-                eq(NULL_LISTENER));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testDisconnectNetworkCorrectlyCallsFactory() {
-        tracker.disconnectNetwork(TEST_IFACE, NULL_LISTENER);
-        waitForIdle();
-
-        verify(mFactory).updateInterfaceLinkState(eq(TEST_IFACE), eq(false /* up */),
-                eq(NULL_LISTENER));
+                eq(TEST_IFACE), eq(ipConfig), eq(capabilities));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -400,57 +374,4 @@
 
         assertTrue(isValidTestInterface);
     }
-
-    public static class EthernetStateListener extends IEthernetServiceListener.Stub {
-        @Override
-        public void onEthernetStateChanged(int state) { }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onInterfaceStateChanged(String iface, int state, int role,
-                IpConfiguration configuration) { }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testListenEthernetStateChange() throws Exception {
-        final String testIface = "testtap123";
-        final String testHwAddr = "11:22:33:44:55:66";
-        final InterfaceConfigurationParcel ifaceParcel = new InterfaceConfigurationParcel();
-        ifaceParcel.ifName = testIface;
-        ifaceParcel.hwAddr = testHwAddr;
-        ifaceParcel.flags = new String[] {INetd.IF_STATE_UP};
-
-        tracker.setIncludeTestInterfaces(true);
-        waitForIdle();
-
-        when(mNetd.interfaceGetList()).thenReturn(new String[] {testIface});
-        when(mNetd.interfaceGetCfg(eq(testIface))).thenReturn(ifaceParcel);
-        doReturn(new String[] {testIface}).when(mFactory).getAvailableInterfaces(anyBoolean());
-        doReturn(EthernetManager.STATE_LINK_UP).when(mFactory).getInterfaceState(eq(testIface));
-
-        final EthernetStateListener listener = spy(new EthernetStateListener());
-        tracker.addListener(listener, true /* canUseRestrictedNetworks */);
-        // Check default state.
-        waitForIdle();
-        verify(listener).onInterfaceStateChanged(eq(testIface), eq(EthernetManager.STATE_LINK_UP),
-                anyInt(), any());
-        verify(listener).onEthernetStateChanged(eq(EthernetManager.ETHERNET_STATE_ENABLED));
-        reset(listener);
-
-        doReturn(EthernetManager.STATE_ABSENT).when(mFactory).getInterfaceState(eq(testIface));
-        tracker.setEthernetEnabled(false);
-        waitForIdle();
-        verify(mFactory).removeInterface(eq(testIface));
-        verify(listener).onEthernetStateChanged(eq(EthernetManager.ETHERNET_STATE_DISABLED));
-        verify(listener).onInterfaceStateChanged(eq(testIface), eq(EthernetManager.STATE_ABSENT),
-                anyInt(), any());
-        reset(listener);
-
-        doReturn(EthernetManager.STATE_LINK_UP).when(mFactory).getInterfaceState(eq(testIface));
-        tracker.setEthernetEnabled(true);
-        waitForIdle();
-        verify(mFactory).addInterface(eq(testIface), eq(testHwAddr), any(), any());
-        verify(listener).onEthernetStateChanged(eq(EthernetManager.ETHERNET_STATE_ENABLED));
-        verify(listener).onInterfaceStateChanged(eq(testIface), eq(EthernetManager.STATE_LINK_UP),
-                anyInt(), any());
-    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/BpfInterfaceMapUpdaterTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/BpfInterfaceMapUpdaterTest.java
index 987b7b7..c730856 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/BpfInterfaceMapUpdaterTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/BpfInterfaceMapUpdaterTest.java
@@ -16,7 +16,14 @@
 
 package com.android.server.net;
 
+import static android.system.OsConstants.EPERM;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doThrow;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
@@ -24,16 +31,21 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.MacAddress;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
+import android.system.ErrnoException;
+import android.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
-import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
 import com.android.net.module.util.BaseNetdUnsolicitedEventListener;
 import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.InterfaceParams;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.U32;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.S32;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+import com.android.testutils.TestBpfMap;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
@@ -42,8 +54,12 @@
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
-@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+
 @SmallTest
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public final class BpfInterfaceMapUpdaterTest {
     private static final int TEST_INDEX = 1;
     private static final int TEST_INDEX2 = 2;
@@ -53,13 +69,14 @@
     private final TestLooper mLooper = new TestLooper();
     private BaseNetdUnsolicitedEventListener mListener;
     private BpfInterfaceMapUpdater mUpdater;
-    @Mock private IBpfMap<U32, InterfaceMapValue> mBpfMap;
+    private IBpfMap<S32, InterfaceMapValue> mBpfMap =
+            spy(new TestBpfMap<>(S32.class, InterfaceMapValue.class));
     @Mock private INetd mNetd;
     @Mock private Context mContext;
 
     private class TestDependencies extends BpfInterfaceMapUpdater.Dependencies {
         @Override
-        public IBpfMap<U32, InterfaceMapValue> getInterfaceMap() {
+        public IBpfMap<S32, InterfaceMapValue> getInterfaceMap() {
             return mBpfMap;
         }
 
@@ -97,7 +114,7 @@
                 ArgumentCaptor.forClass(BaseNetdUnsolicitedEventListener.class);
         verify(mNetd).registerUnsolicitedEventListener(listenerCaptor.capture());
         mListener = listenerCaptor.getValue();
-        verify(mBpfMap).updateEntry(eq(new U32(TEST_INDEX)),
+        verify(mBpfMap).updateEntry(eq(new S32(TEST_INDEX)),
                 eq(new InterfaceMapValue(TEST_INTERFACE_NAME)));
     }
 
@@ -107,7 +124,7 @@
 
         mListener.onInterfaceAdded(TEST_INTERFACE_NAME2);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
-        verify(mBpfMap).updateEntry(eq(new U32(TEST_INDEX2)),
+        verify(mBpfMap).updateEntry(eq(new S32(TEST_INDEX2)),
                 eq(new InterfaceMapValue(TEST_INTERFACE_NAME2)));
 
         // Check that when onInterfaceRemoved is called, nothing happens.
@@ -115,4 +132,43 @@
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mBpfMap);
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetIfNameByIndex() throws Exception {
+        mBpfMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_INDEX), new InterfaceMapValue(TEST_INTERFACE_NAME));
+        assertEquals(TEST_INTERFACE_NAME, mUpdater.getIfNameByIndex(TEST_INDEX));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetIfNameByIndexNoEntry() {
+        assertNull(mUpdater.getIfNameByIndex(TEST_INDEX));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetIfNameByIndexException() throws Exception {
+        doThrow(new ErrnoException("", EPERM)).when(mBpfMap).getValue(new S32(TEST_INDEX));
+        assertNull(mUpdater.getIfNameByIndex(TEST_INDEX));
+    }
+
+    private void assertDumpContains(final String dump, final String message) {
+        assertTrue(String.format("dump(%s) does not contain '%s'", dump, message),
+                dump.contains(message));
+    }
+
+    private String getDump() {
+        final StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
+        mUpdater.dump(new IndentingPrintWriter(new PrintWriter(sw), " "));
+        return sw.toString();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDump() throws ErrnoException {
+        mBpfMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_INDEX), new InterfaceMapValue(TEST_INTERFACE_NAME));
+        mBpfMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_INDEX2), new InterfaceMapValue(TEST_INTERFACE_NAME2));
+
+        final String dump = getDump();
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "IfaceIndexNameMap: OK");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "ifaceIndex=1 ifaceName=test1");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "ifaceIndex=2 ifaceName=test2");
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/InterfaceMapValueTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/InterfaceMapValueTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee13d5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/InterfaceMapValueTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.net;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class InterfaceMapValueTest {
+    private static final String IF_NAME = "wlan0";
+    private static final byte[] IF_NAME_BYTE = new byte[]{'w', 'l', 'a', 'n', '0'};
+    private static final byte[] IF_NAME_BYTE_WITH_PADDING =
+            new byte[]{'w', 'l', 'a', 'n', '0', 0, 0, 0,
+                    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}; // IF_NAME_BYTE_WITH_PADDING.length = 16
+    private static final byte[] IF_NAME_BYTE_LONG =
+            new byte[]{'w', 'l', 'a', 'n', '0', 0, 0, 0,
+                    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+                    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}; // IF_NAME_BYTE_LONG.length = 24
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInterfaceMapValueFromString() {
+        final InterfaceMapValue value = new InterfaceMapValue(IF_NAME);
+        assertArrayEquals(IF_NAME_BYTE_WITH_PADDING, value.interfaceName);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInterfaceMapValueFromByte() {
+        final InterfaceMapValue value = new InterfaceMapValue(IF_NAME_BYTE_WITH_PADDING);
+        assertArrayEquals(IF_NAME_BYTE_WITH_PADDING, value.interfaceName);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInterfaceMapValueFromByteShort() {
+        final InterfaceMapValue value = new InterfaceMapValue(IF_NAME_BYTE);
+        assertArrayEquals(IF_NAME_BYTE_WITH_PADDING, value.interfaceName);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInterfaceMapValueFromByteLong() {
+        final InterfaceMapValue value = new InterfaceMapValue(IF_NAME_BYTE_LONG);
+        assertArrayEquals(IF_NAME_BYTE_WITH_PADDING, value.interfaceName);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetInterfaceNameString() {
+        final InterfaceMapValue value = new InterfaceMapValue(IF_NAME_BYTE_WITH_PADDING);
+        assertEquals(IF_NAME, value.getInterfaceNameString());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/IpConfigStoreTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/IpConfigStoreTest.java
index e9a5309..4adc999 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/IpConfigStoreTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/IpConfigStoreTest.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
+import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.InetAddresses;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration;
 import android.net.IpConfiguration.IpAssignment;
@@ -27,9 +28,15 @@
 import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.ProxyInfo;
 import android.net.StaticIpConfiguration;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.util.ArrayMap;
 
-import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
+
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
+import com.android.testutils.HandlerUtils;
 
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
@@ -37,17 +44,21 @@
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
 import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
 
 /**
  * Unit tests for {@link IpConfigStore}
  */
-@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 public class IpConfigStoreTest {
+    private static final int TIMEOUT_MS = 2_000;
     private static final int KEY_CONFIG = 17;
     private static final String IFACE_1 = "eth0";
     private static final String IFACE_2 = "eth1";
@@ -56,6 +67,22 @@
     private static final String DNS_IP_ADDR_1 = "1.2.3.4";
     private static final String DNS_IP_ADDR_2 = "5.6.7.8";
 
+    private static final ArrayList<InetAddress> DNS_SERVERS = new ArrayList<>(List.of(
+            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(DNS_IP_ADDR_1),
+            InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(DNS_IP_ADDR_2)));
+    private static final StaticIpConfiguration STATIC_IP_CONFIG_1 =
+            new StaticIpConfiguration.Builder()
+                    .setIpAddress(new LinkAddress(IP_ADDR_1))
+                    .setDnsServers(DNS_SERVERS)
+                    .build();
+    private static final StaticIpConfiguration STATIC_IP_CONFIG_2 =
+            new StaticIpConfiguration.Builder()
+                    .setIpAddress(new LinkAddress(IP_ADDR_2))
+                    .setDnsServers(DNS_SERVERS)
+                    .build();
+    private static final ProxyInfo PROXY_INFO =
+            ProxyInfo.buildDirectProxy("10.10.10.10", 88, Arrays.asList("host1", "host2"));
+
     @Test
     public void backwardCompatibility2to3() throws IOException {
         ByteArrayOutputStream byteStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
@@ -79,40 +106,73 @@
 
     @Test
     public void staticIpMultiNetworks() throws Exception {
-        final ArrayList<InetAddress> dnsServers = new ArrayList<>();
-        dnsServers.add(InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(DNS_IP_ADDR_1));
-        dnsServers.add(InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(DNS_IP_ADDR_2));
-        final StaticIpConfiguration staticIpConfiguration1 = new StaticIpConfiguration.Builder()
-                .setIpAddress(new LinkAddress(IP_ADDR_1))
-                .setDnsServers(dnsServers).build();
-        final StaticIpConfiguration staticIpConfiguration2 = new StaticIpConfiguration.Builder()
-                .setIpAddress(new LinkAddress(IP_ADDR_2))
-                .setDnsServers(dnsServers).build();
+        final IpConfiguration expectedConfig1 = newIpConfiguration(IpAssignment.STATIC,
+                ProxySettings.STATIC, STATIC_IP_CONFIG_1, PROXY_INFO);
+        final IpConfiguration expectedConfig2 = newIpConfiguration(IpAssignment.STATIC,
+                ProxySettings.STATIC, STATIC_IP_CONFIG_2, PROXY_INFO);
 
-        ProxyInfo proxyInfo =
-                ProxyInfo.buildDirectProxy("10.10.10.10", 88, Arrays.asList("host1", "host2"));
-
-        IpConfiguration expectedConfig1 = newIpConfiguration(IpAssignment.STATIC,
-                ProxySettings.STATIC, staticIpConfiguration1, proxyInfo);
-        IpConfiguration expectedConfig2 = newIpConfiguration(IpAssignment.STATIC,
-                ProxySettings.STATIC, staticIpConfiguration2, proxyInfo);
-
-        ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> expectedNetworks = new ArrayMap<>();
+        final ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> expectedNetworks = new ArrayMap<>();
         expectedNetworks.put(IFACE_1, expectedConfig1);
         expectedNetworks.put(IFACE_2, expectedConfig2);
 
-        MockedDelayedDiskWrite writer = new MockedDelayedDiskWrite();
-        IpConfigStore store = new IpConfigStore(writer);
+        final MockedDelayedDiskWrite writer = new MockedDelayedDiskWrite();
+        final IpConfigStore store = new IpConfigStore(writer);
         store.writeIpConfigurations("file/path/not/used/", expectedNetworks);
 
-        InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(writer.mByteStream.toByteArray());
-        ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> actualNetworks = IpConfigStore.readIpConfigurations(in);
+        final InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(writer.mByteStream.toByteArray());
+        final ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> actualNetworks =
+                IpConfigStore.readIpConfigurations(in);
         assertNotNull(actualNetworks);
         assertEquals(2, actualNetworks.size());
         assertEquals(expectedNetworks.get(IFACE_1), actualNetworks.get(IFACE_1));
         assertEquals(expectedNetworks.get(IFACE_2), actualNetworks.get(IFACE_2));
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void readIpConfigurationFromFilePath() throws Exception {
+        final HandlerThread testHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("IpConfigStoreTest");
+        final DelayedDiskWrite.Dependencies dependencies =
+                new DelayedDiskWrite.Dependencies() {
+                    @Override
+                    public HandlerThread makeHandlerThread() {
+                        return testHandlerThread;
+                    }
+                    @Override
+                    public void quitHandlerThread(HandlerThread handlerThread) {
+                        testHandlerThread.quitSafely();
+                    }
+        };
+
+        final IpConfiguration ipConfig = newIpConfiguration(IpAssignment.STATIC,
+                ProxySettings.STATIC, STATIC_IP_CONFIG_1, PROXY_INFO);
+        final ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> expectedNetworks = new ArrayMap<>();
+        expectedNetworks.put(IFACE_1, ipConfig);
+
+        // Write IP config to specific file path and read it later.
+        final Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
+        final File configFile = new File(context.getFilesDir().getPath(),
+                "IpConfigStoreTest-ipconfig.txt");
+        final DelayedDiskWrite writer = new DelayedDiskWrite(dependencies);
+        final IpConfigStore store = new IpConfigStore(writer);
+        store.writeIpConfigurations(configFile.getPath(), expectedNetworks);
+        HandlerUtils.waitForIdle(testHandlerThread, TIMEOUT_MS);
+
+        // Read IP config from the file path.
+        final ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> actualNetworks =
+                IpConfigStore.readIpConfigurations(configFile.getPath());
+        assertNotNull(actualNetworks);
+        assertEquals(1, actualNetworks.size());
+        assertEquals(expectedNetworks.get(IFACE_1), actualNetworks.get(IFACE_1));
+
+        // Return an empty array when reading IP configuration from an non-exist config file.
+        final ArrayMap<String, IpConfiguration> emptyNetworks =
+                IpConfigStore.readIpConfigurations("/dev/null");
+        assertNotNull(emptyNetworks);
+        assertEquals(0, emptyNetworks.size());
+
+        configFile.delete();
+    }
+
     private IpConfiguration newIpConfiguration(IpAssignment ipAssignment,
             ProxySettings proxySettings, StaticIpConfiguration staticIpConfig, ProxyInfo info) {
         final IpConfiguration config = new IpConfiguration();
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java
index 79744b1..04db6d3 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java
@@ -25,30 +25,35 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_FOREGROUND;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.UID_ALL;
 
 import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsFactory.kernelToTag;
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
 
 import android.content.Context;
-import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.net.NetworkStats;
 import android.net.TrafficStats;
 import android.net.UnderlyingNetworkInfo;
-import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.SystemClock;
 
 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 
 import com.android.frameworks.tests.net.R;
+import com.android.internal.util.ProcFileReader;
+import com.android.server.BpfNetMaps;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner;
 
 import libcore.io.IoUtils;
-import libcore.io.Streams;
 import libcore.testing.io.TestIoUtils;
 
 import org.junit.After;
@@ -59,21 +64,21 @@
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
 import java.io.File;
-import java.io.FileOutputStream;
-import java.io.FileWriter;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.ProtocolException;
 
 /** Tests for {@link NetworkStatsFactory}. */
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
 public class NetworkStatsFactoryTest extends NetworkStatsBaseTest {
     private static final String CLAT_PREFIX = "v4-";
 
     private File mTestProc;
     private NetworkStatsFactory mFactory;
     @Mock private Context mContext;
+    @Mock private NetworkStatsFactory.Dependencies mDeps;
+    @Mock private BpfNetMaps mBpfNetMaps;
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
@@ -84,7 +89,9 @@
         // applications. So in order to have a test support native library, the native code
         // related to networkStatsFactory is compiled to a minimal native library and loaded here.
         System.loadLibrary("networkstatsfactorytestjni");
-        mFactory = new NetworkStatsFactory(mContext, mTestProc, false);
+        doReturn(mBpfNetMaps).when(mDeps).createBpfNetMaps(any());
+
+        mFactory = new NetworkStatsFactory(mContext, mDeps);
         mFactory.updateUnderlyingNetworkInfos(new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
     }
 
@@ -95,7 +102,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testNetworkStatsDetail() throws Exception {
-        final NetworkStats stats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_typical);
+        final NetworkStats stats = factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_typical);
 
         assertEquals(70, stats.size());
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 18621L, 2898L);
@@ -120,8 +127,8 @@
         // over VPN.
         //
         // VPN UID rewrites packets read from TUN back to TUN, plus some of its own traffic
-
-        final NetworkStats tunStats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_rewrite_through_self);
+        final NetworkStats tunStats =
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_rewrite_through_self);
 
         assertValues(tunStats, TUN_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
                 DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, 2000L, 200L, 1000L, 100L, 0);
@@ -162,7 +169,8 @@
         // UID_RED: 2000 bytes, 200 packets
         // UID_BLUE: 1000 bytes, 100 packets
         // UID_VPN: 6300 bytes, 0 packets
-        final NetworkStats tunStats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_with_clat);
+        final NetworkStats tunStats =
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_with_clat);
 
         assertValues(tunStats, CLAT_PREFIX + TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, 2000L, 200L, 1000, 100L);
         assertValues(tunStats, CLAT_PREFIX + TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, 1000L, 100L, 500L, 50L);
@@ -186,7 +194,8 @@
         // attributed to UID_BLUE, and 150 bytes attributed to UID_VPN.
         // Of 3300 bytes received over WiFi, expect 2000 bytes attributed to UID_RED, 1000 bytes
         // attributed to UID_BLUE, and 300 bytes attributed to UID_VPN.
-        final NetworkStats tunStats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying);
+        final NetworkStats tunStats =
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying);
 
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, 2000L, 200L, 1000L, 100L);
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, 1000L, 100L, 500L, 50L);
@@ -215,7 +224,7 @@
         // Of 8800 bytes received over WiFi, expect 2000 bytes attributed to UID_RED, 1000 bytes
         // attributed to UID_BLUE, and 5800 bytes attributed to UID_VPN.
         final NetworkStats tunStats =
-                parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_own_traffic);
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_own_traffic);
 
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, 2000L, 200L, 1000L, 100L);
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, 1000L, 100L, 500L, 50L);
@@ -237,7 +246,7 @@
         // Of 1000 bytes over WiFi, expect 250 bytes attributed UID_RED and 750 bytes to UID_BLUE,
         // with nothing attributed to UID_VPN for both rx/tx traffic.
         final NetworkStats tunStats =
-                parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_compression);
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_compression);
 
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, 250L, 25L, 250L, 25L);
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, 750L, 75L, 750L, 75L);
@@ -261,7 +270,7 @@
         // - 500 bytes rx/tx each over WiFi/Cell attributed to both UID_RED and UID_BLUE.
         // - 1200 bytes rx/tx each over WiFi/Cell for VPN_UID.
         final NetworkStats tunStats =
-                parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_duplication);
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_duplication);
 
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, 500L, 50L, 500L, 50L);
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, 500L, 50L, 500L, 50L);
@@ -301,7 +310,7 @@
         // Of 3850 bytes received over Cell, expect 3000 bytes attributed to UID_RED, 500 bytes
         // attributed to UID_BLUE, and 350 bytes attributed to UID_VPN.
         final NetworkStats tunStats =
-                parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_two_vpn);
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_two_vpn);
 
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, 2000L, 200L, 1000L, 100L);
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, 1000L, 100L, 500L, 50L);
@@ -331,7 +340,8 @@
         //
         // For UID_VPN, expect 60 bytes attributed over WiFi and 40 bytes over Cell for tx traffic.
         // And, 30 bytes over WiFi and 20 bytes over Cell for rx traffic.
-        final NetworkStats tunStats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split);
+        final NetworkStats tunStats =
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split);
 
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, 300L, 30L, 600L, 60L);
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_VPN, 30L, 0L, 60L, 0L);
@@ -355,7 +365,8 @@
         // rx/tx.
         // UID_VPN gets nothing attributed to it (avoiding negative stats).
         final NetworkStats tunStats =
-                parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split_compression);
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(
+                        R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split_compression);
 
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, 600L, 60L, 600L, 60L);
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_VPN, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
@@ -376,7 +387,8 @@
         // 1000 bytes (100 packets) were sent/received by UID_RED over VPN.
         // VPN sent/received 1100 bytes (100 packets) over Cell.
         // Of 1100 bytes over Cell, expect all of it attributed to UID_VPN for both rx/tx traffic.
-        final NetworkStats tunStats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_incorrect_iface);
+        final NetworkStats tunStats =
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_vpn_incorrect_iface);
 
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
         assertValues(tunStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_VPN, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
@@ -401,7 +413,9 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testNetworkStatsWithSet() throws Exception {
-        final NetworkStats stats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_typical);
+        final NetworkStats stats =
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_typical);
+
         assertEquals(70, stats.size());
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "rmnet1", 10021, SET_DEFAULT, 0x30100000, 219110L, 578L, 227423L,
                 676L);
@@ -409,29 +423,6 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testNetworkStatsSingle() throws Exception {
-        stageFile(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_iface_typical, file("net/xt_qtaguid/iface_stat_all"));
-
-        final NetworkStats stats = mFactory.readNetworkStatsSummaryDev();
-        assertEquals(6, stats.size());
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "rmnet0", UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, 2112L, 24L, 700L, 10L);
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "test1", UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, 6L, 8L, 10L, 12L);
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "test2", UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testNetworkStatsXt() throws Exception {
-        stageFile(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_iface_fmt_typical, file("net/xt_qtaguid/iface_stat_fmt"));
-
-        final NetworkStats stats = mFactory.readNetworkStatsSummaryXt();
-        assertEquals(3, stats.size());
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "rmnet0", UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, 6824L, 16L, 5692L, 10L);
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "rmnet1", UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, 11153922L, 8051L, 190226L,
-                2468L);
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "rmnet2", UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, 4968L, 35L, 3081L, 39L);
-    }
-
-    @Test
     public void testDoubleClatAccountingSimple() throws Exception {
         mFactory.noteStackedIface("v4-wlan0", "wlan0");
 
@@ -439,7 +430,8 @@
         //  - 213 received 464xlat packets of size 200 bytes
         //  - 41 sent 464xlat packets of size 100 bytes
         //  - no other traffic on base interface for root uid.
-        NetworkStats stats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_with_clat_simple);
+        final NetworkStats stats =
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_with_clat_simple);
         assertEquals(3, stats.size());
 
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "v4-wlan0", 10060, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 46860L, 4920L);
@@ -450,7 +442,8 @@
     public void testDoubleClatAccounting() throws Exception {
         mFactory.noteStackedIface("v4-wlan0", "wlan0");
 
-        NetworkStats stats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_with_clat);
+        final NetworkStats stats =
+                factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_with_clat);
         assertEquals(42, stats.size());
 
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "v4-wlan0", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 356L, 276L);
@@ -472,64 +465,117 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDoubleClatAccounting100MBDownload() throws Exception {
-        // Downloading 100mb from an ipv4 only destination in a foreground activity
+    public void testRemoveUidsStats() throws Exception {
+        final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), 1)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 16L, 1L, 16L, 1L, 0L)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                        256L, 16L, 512L, 32L, 0L)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_GREEN, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 64L, 3L, 1024L, 8L, 0L);
 
-        long appRxBytesBefore = 328684029L;
-        long appRxBytesAfter = 439237478L;
-        assertEquals("App traffic should be ~100MB", 110553449, appRxBytesAfter - appRxBytesBefore);
+        doReturn(stats).when(mDeps).getNetworkStatsDetail(anyInt(), any(),
+                anyInt());
 
-        long rootRxBytes = 330187296L;
+        final String[] ifaces = new String[]{TEST_IFACE};
+        final NetworkStats res = mFactory.readNetworkStatsDetail(UID_ALL, ifaces, TAG_ALL);
 
-        mFactory.noteStackedIface("v4-wlan0", "wlan0");
-        NetworkStats stats;
+        // Verify that the result of the mocked stats are expected.
+        assertValues(res, TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, 16L, 1L, 16L, 1L);
+        assertValues(res, TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, 256L, 16L, 512L, 32L);
+        assertValues(res, TEST_IFACE, UID_GREEN, 64L, 3L, 1024L, 8L);
 
-        // Stats snapshot before the download
-        stats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_before);
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "v4-wlan0", 10106, SET_FOREGROUND, 0x0, appRxBytesBefore, 5199872L);
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, rootRxBytes, 0L);
+        // Assume the apps were removed.
+        final int[] removedUids = new int[]{UID_RED, UID_BLUE};
+        mFactory.removeUidsLocked(removedUids);
 
-        // Stats snapshot after the download
-        stats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_after);
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "v4-wlan0", 10106, SET_FOREGROUND, 0x0, appRxBytesAfter, 7867488L);
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, rootRxBytes, 0L);
+        // Return empty stats for reading the result of removing uids stats later.
+        doReturn(buildEmptyStats()).when(mDeps).getNetworkStatsDetail(anyInt(), any(),
+                anyInt());
+
+        final NetworkStats removedUidsStats =
+                mFactory.readNetworkStatsDetail(UID_ALL, ifaces, TAG_ALL);
+
+        // Verify that the stats of the removed uids were removed.
+        assertValues(removedUidsStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+        assertValues(removedUidsStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+        assertValues(removedUidsStats, TEST_IFACE, UID_GREEN, 64L, 3L, 1024L, 8L);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Copy a {@link Resources#openRawResource(int)} into {@link File} for
-     * testing purposes.
-     */
-    private void stageFile(int rawId, File file) throws Exception {
-        new File(file.getParent()).mkdirs();
-        InputStream in = null;
-        OutputStream out = null;
+    private NetworkStats buildEmptyStats() {
+        return new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), 0);
+    }
+
+    private NetworkStats parseNetworkStatsFromGoldenSample(int resourceId, int initialSize,
+            boolean consumeHeader, boolean checkActive, boolean isUidData) throws IOException {
+        final NetworkStats stats =
+                new NetworkStats(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), initialSize);
+        final NetworkStats.Entry entry = new NetworkStats.Entry();
+        ProcFileReader reader = null;
+        int idx = 1;
+        int lastIdx = 1;
         try {
-            in = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext().getResources().openRawResource(rawId);
-            out = new FileOutputStream(file);
-            Streams.copy(in, out);
+            reader = new ProcFileReader(InstrumentationRegistry.getContext().getResources()
+                            .openRawResource(resourceId));
+
+            if (consumeHeader) {
+                reader.finishLine();
+            }
+
+            while (reader.hasMoreData()) {
+                if (isUidData) {
+                    idx = reader.nextInt();
+                    if (idx != lastIdx + 1) {
+                        throw new ProtocolException(
+                                "inconsistent idx=" + idx + " after lastIdx=" + lastIdx);
+                    }
+                    lastIdx = idx;
+                }
+
+                entry.iface = reader.nextString();
+                // Read the uid based information from file. Otherwise, assign with target value.
+                entry.tag = isUidData ? kernelToTag(reader.nextString()) : TAG_NONE;
+                entry.uid = isUidData ? reader.nextInt() : UID_ALL;
+                entry.set = isUidData ? reader.nextInt() : SET_ALL;
+
+                // For fetching active numbers. Dev specific
+                final boolean active = checkActive ? reader.nextInt() != 0 : false;
+
+                // Always include snapshot values
+                entry.rxBytes = reader.nextLong();
+                entry.rxPackets = reader.nextLong();
+                entry.txBytes = reader.nextLong();
+                entry.txPackets = reader.nextLong();
+
+                // Fold in active numbers, but only when active
+                if (active) {
+                    entry.rxBytes += reader.nextLong();
+                    entry.rxPackets += reader.nextLong();
+                    entry.txBytes += reader.nextLong();
+                    entry.txPackets += reader.nextLong();
+                }
+
+                stats.insertEntry(entry);
+                reader.finishLine();
+            }
+        } catch (NullPointerException | NumberFormatException e) {
+            final String errMsg = isUidData
+                    ? "problem parsing idx " + idx : "problem parsing stats";
+            final ProtocolException pe = new ProtocolException(errMsg);
+            pe.initCause(e);
+            throw pe;
         } finally {
-            IoUtils.closeQuietly(in);
-            IoUtils.closeQuietly(out);
+            IoUtils.closeQuietly(reader);
         }
+        return stats;
     }
 
-    private void stageLong(long value, File file) throws Exception {
-        new File(file.getParent()).mkdirs();
-        FileWriter out = null;
-        try {
-            out = new FileWriter(file);
-            out.write(Long.toString(value));
-        } finally {
-            IoUtils.closeQuietly(out);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private File file(String path) throws Exception {
-        return new File(mTestProc, path);
-    }
-
-    private NetworkStats parseDetailedStats(int resourceId) throws Exception {
-        stageFile(resourceId, file("net/xt_qtaguid/stats"));
+    private NetworkStats factoryReadNetworkStatsDetail(int resourceId) throws Exception {
+        // Choose a general detail stats sample size from the experiences to prevent from
+        // frequently allocating buckets.
+        final NetworkStats statsFromResource = parseNetworkStatsFromGoldenSample(resourceId,
+                24 /* initialSize */, true /* consumeHeader */, false /* checkActive */,
+                true /* isUidData */);
+        doReturn(statsFromResource).when(mDeps).getNetworkStatsDetail(anyInt(), any(),
+                anyInt());
         return mFactory.readNetworkStatsDetail();
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObserversTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObserversTest.java
index 5f9d1ff..292f77e 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObserversTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsObserversTest.java
@@ -21,17 +21,19 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_NO;
+import static android.net.NetworkStats.METERED_YES;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.ROAMING_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.SET_DEFAULT;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE;
-import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateMobileAll;
-import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateWifiWildcard;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_WIFI;
 import static android.net.TrafficStats.MB_IN_BYTES;
 import static android.text.format.DateUtils.MINUTE_IN_MILLIS;
 
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyInt;
@@ -64,7 +66,9 @@
 import org.mockito.Mockito;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 /**
  * Tests for {@link NetworkStatsObservers}.
@@ -82,15 +86,26 @@
     private static final int SUBID_1 = 1;
     private static final String TEST_SSID = "AndroidAP";
 
-    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateWifi = buildTemplateWifiWildcard();
-    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateImsi1 = buildTemplateMobileAll(IMSI_1);
-    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateImsi2 = buildTemplateMobileAll(IMSI_2);
+    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateWifi = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).build();
+    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateImsi1 = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+            .setSubscriberIds(Set.of(IMSI_1))
+            .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build();
+    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateImsi2 = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+            .setSubscriberIds(Set.of(IMSI_2))
+            .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build();
+    private static final int PID_SYSTEM = 1234;
+    private static final int PID_RED = 1235;
+    private static final int PID_BLUE = 1236;
 
     private static final int UID_RED = UserHandle.PER_USER_RANGE + 1;
     private static final int UID_BLUE = UserHandle.PER_USER_RANGE + 2;
     private static final int UID_GREEN = UserHandle.PER_USER_RANGE + 3;
     private static final int UID_ANOTHER_USER = 2 * UserHandle.PER_USER_RANGE + 4;
 
+    private static final String PACKAGE_SYSTEM = "android";
+    private static final String PACKAGE_RED = "RED";
+    private static final String PACKAGE_BLUE = "BLUE";
+
     private static final long WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS = 500;
     private static final long THRESHOLD_BYTES = 2 * MB_IN_BYTES;
     private static final long BASE_BYTES = 7 * MB_IN_BYTES;
@@ -131,14 +146,15 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateWifi, thresholdTooLowBytes);
 
         final DataUsageRequest requestByApp = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest,
-                mUsageCallback, UID_RED, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+                mUsageCallback, PID_RED , UID_RED, PACKAGE_RED, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
         assertTrue(requestByApp.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateWifi, requestByApp.template));
         assertEquals(thresholdTooLowBytes, requestByApp.thresholdInBytes);
 
         // Verify the threshold requested by system uid won't be overridden.
         final DataUsageRequest requestBySystem = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest,
-                mUsageCallback, Process.SYSTEM_UID, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+                mUsageCallback, PID_SYSTEM, Process.SYSTEM_UID, PACKAGE_SYSTEM,
+                NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
         assertTrue(requestBySystem.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateWifi, requestBySystem.template));
         assertEquals(1, requestBySystem.thresholdInBytes);
@@ -151,7 +167,7 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateWifi, highThresholdBytes);
 
         DataUsageRequest request = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                Process.SYSTEM_UID, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+                PID_SYSTEM, Process.SYSTEM_UID, PACKAGE_SYSTEM, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
         assertTrue(request.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateWifi, request.template));
         assertEquals(highThresholdBytes, request.thresholdInBytes);
@@ -163,19 +179,64 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateWifi, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
 
         DataUsageRequest request1 = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                Process.SYSTEM_UID, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+                PID_SYSTEM, Process.SYSTEM_UID, PACKAGE_SYSTEM, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
         assertTrue(request1.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateWifi, request1.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request1.thresholdInBytes);
 
         DataUsageRequest request2 = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                Process.SYSTEM_UID, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+                PID_SYSTEM, Process.SYSTEM_UID, PACKAGE_SYSTEM, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
         assertTrue(request2.requestId > request1.requestId);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateWifi, request2.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request2.thresholdInBytes);
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testRegister_limit() throws Exception {
+        final DataUsageRequest inputRequest = new DataUsageRequest(
+                DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateWifi, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
+
+        // Register maximum requests for red.
+        final ArrayList<DataUsageRequest> redRequests = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < NetworkStatsObservers.MAX_REQUESTS_PER_UID; i++) {
+            final DataUsageRequest returnedRequest =
+                    mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
+                            PID_RED, UID_RED, PACKAGE_RED, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+            redRequests.add(returnedRequest);
+            assertTrue(returnedRequest.requestId > 0);
+        }
+
+        // Verify request exceeds the limit throws.
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () ->
+                mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
+                    PID_RED, UID_RED, PACKAGE_RED, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE));
+
+        // Verify another uid is not affected.
+        final ArrayList<DataUsageRequest> blueRequests = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < NetworkStatsObservers.MAX_REQUESTS_PER_UID; i++) {
+            final DataUsageRequest returnedRequest =
+                    mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
+                            PID_BLUE, UID_BLUE, PACKAGE_BLUE, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+            blueRequests.add(returnedRequest);
+            assertTrue(returnedRequest.requestId > 0);
+        }
+
+        // Again, verify request exceeds the limit throws for the 2nd uid.
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () ->
+                mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
+                        PID_RED, UID_RED, PACKAGE_RED, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE));
+
+        // Unregister all registered requests. Note that exceptions cannot be tested since
+        // unregister is handled in the handler thread.
+        for (final DataUsageRequest request : redRequests) {
+            mStatsObservers.unregister(request, UID_RED);
+        }
+        for (final DataUsageRequest request : blueRequests) {
+            mStatsObservers.unregister(request, UID_BLUE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testUnregister_unknownRequest_noop() throws Exception {
         DataUsageRequest unknownRequest = new DataUsageRequest(
                 123456 /* id */, sTemplateWifi, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
@@ -189,7 +250,7 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateImsi1, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
 
         DataUsageRequest request = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                Process.SYSTEM_UID, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+                PID_SYSTEM, Process.SYSTEM_UID, PACKAGE_SYSTEM, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
         assertTrue(request.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
@@ -209,7 +270,7 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateImsi1, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
 
         DataUsageRequest request = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                UID_RED, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+                PID_RED, UID_RED, PACKAGE_RED, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
         assertTrue(request.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
@@ -218,8 +279,12 @@
 
         mStatsObservers.unregister(request, UID_BLUE);
         waitForObserverToIdle();
-
         Mockito.verifyZeroInteractions(mUsageCallbackBinder);
+
+        // Verify that system uid can unregister for other uids.
+        mStatsObservers.unregister(request, Process.SYSTEM_UID);
+        waitForObserverToIdle();
+        mUsageCallback.expectOnCallbackReleased(request);
     }
 
     private NetworkIdentitySet makeTestIdentSet() {
@@ -237,7 +302,7 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateImsi1, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
 
         DataUsageRequest request = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                Process.SYSTEM_UID, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+                PID_SYSTEM, Process.SYSTEM_UID, PACKAGE_SYSTEM, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
         assertTrue(request.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
@@ -261,7 +326,7 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateImsi1, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
 
         DataUsageRequest request = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                Process.SYSTEM_UID, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+                PID_SYSTEM, Process.SYSTEM_UID, PACKAGE_SYSTEM, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
         assertTrue(request.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
@@ -291,7 +356,7 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateImsi1, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
 
         DataUsageRequest request = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                Process.SYSTEM_UID, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
+                PID_SYSTEM, Process.SYSTEM_UID, PACKAGE_SYSTEM, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE);
         assertTrue(request.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
@@ -322,7 +387,7 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateImsi1, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
 
         DataUsageRequest request = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                UID_RED, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEFAULT);
+                PID_RED, UID_RED, PACKAGE_SYSTEM , NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEFAULT);
         assertTrue(request.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
@@ -355,7 +420,7 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateImsi1, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
 
         DataUsageRequest request = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                UID_BLUE, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEFAULT);
+                PID_BLUE, UID_BLUE, PACKAGE_BLUE, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEFAULT);
         assertTrue(request.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
@@ -387,7 +452,7 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateImsi1, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
 
         DataUsageRequest request = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                UID_BLUE, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.USER);
+                PID_BLUE, UID_BLUE, PACKAGE_BLUE, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.USER);
         assertTrue(request.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
@@ -420,7 +485,7 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateImsi1, THRESHOLD_BYTES);
 
         DataUsageRequest request = mStatsObservers.register(mContext, inputRequest, mUsageCallback,
-                UID_RED, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.USER);
+                PID_RED, UID_RED, PACKAGE_RED, NetworkStatsAccess.Level.USER);
         assertTrue(request.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateImsi1, request.template));
         assertEquals(THRESHOLD_BYTES, request.thresholdInBytes);
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
index ceeb997..2ceb00a 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
@@ -16,13 +16,16 @@
 
 package com.android.server.net;
 
+import static android.Manifest.permission.DUMP;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.READ_NETWORK_USAGE_HISTORY;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS;
+import static android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager.PREFIX_DEV;
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_UID_REMOVED;
 import static android.content.Intent.EXTRA_UID;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_TEST;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI;
 import static android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PAID;
 import static android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PRIVATE;
@@ -45,24 +48,26 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.TAG_NONE;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.UID_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStatsHistory.FIELD_ALL;
-import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD;
-import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.NETWORK_TYPE_ALL;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_MOBILE;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_TEST;
+import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.MATCH_WIFI;
 import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.OEM_MANAGED_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.OEM_MANAGED_YES;
-import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateMobileAll;
-import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateMobileWithRatType;
-import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateWifi;
-import static android.net.NetworkTemplate.buildTemplateWifiWildcard;
 import static android.net.TrafficStats.MB_IN_BYTES;
 import static android.net.TrafficStats.UID_REMOVED;
 import static android.net.TrafficStats.UID_TETHERING;
+import static android.net.netstats.NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils.PREFIX_UID;
+import static android.net.netstats.NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils.PREFIX_UID_TAG;
+import static android.net.netstats.NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils.PREFIX_XT;
 import static android.text.format.DateUtils.DAY_IN_MILLIS;
 import static android.text.format.DateUtils.HOUR_IN_MILLIS;
 import static android.text.format.DateUtils.MINUTE_IN_MILLIS;
 import static android.text.format.DateUtils.WEEK_IN_MILLIS;
 
-import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStatsUtils.SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT;
 import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsService.ACTION_NETWORK_STATS_POLL;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsService.NETSTATS_IMPORT_ATTEMPTS_COUNTER_NAME;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsService.NETSTATS_IMPORT_FALLBACKS_COUNTER_NAME;
+import static com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsService.NETSTATS_IMPORT_SUCCESSES_COUNTER_NAME;
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
@@ -77,33 +82,40 @@
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.app.AlarmManager;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.database.ContentObserver;
+import android.net.ConnectivityResources;
 import android.net.DataUsageRequest;
 import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.INetworkStatsSession;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
+import android.net.NetworkIdentity;
 import android.net.NetworkStateSnapshot;
 import android.net.NetworkStats;
+import android.net.NetworkStatsCollection;
 import android.net.NetworkStatsHistory;
 import android.net.NetworkTemplate;
 import android.net.TelephonyNetworkSpecifier;
+import android.net.TestNetworkSpecifier;
 import android.net.TetherStatsParcel;
 import android.net.TetheringManager;
 import android.net.UnderlyingNetworkInfo;
 import android.net.netstats.provider.INetworkStatsProviderCallback;
 import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
+import android.os.DropBoxManager;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.os.IBinder;
@@ -112,16 +124,26 @@
 import android.provider.Settings;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.ArrayMap;
+import android.util.Pair;
 
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 
+import com.android.connectivity.resources.R;
+import com.android.internal.util.FileRotator;
 import com.android.internal.util.test.BroadcastInterceptingContext;
+import com.android.net.module.util.BpfDump;
 import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.LocationPermissionChecker;
-import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.U32;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
+import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.S32;
 import com.android.net.module.util.Struct.U8;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapKey;
+import com.android.net.module.util.bpf.CookieTagMapValue;
+import com.android.server.BpfNetMaps;
 import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsService.AlertObserver;
 import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsService.NetworkStatsSettings;
 import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsService.NetworkStatsSettings.Config;
@@ -143,9 +165,22 @@
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
 import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.time.Clock;
+import java.time.ZoneId;
 import java.time.ZoneOffset;
+import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
+import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 
@@ -168,25 +203,36 @@
     private static final String IMSI_2 = "310260";
     private static final String TEST_WIFI_NETWORK_KEY = "WifiNetworkKey";
 
-    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateWifi = buildTemplateWifi(TEST_WIFI_NETWORK_KEY);
-    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateCarrierWifi1 =
-            buildTemplateWifi(NetworkTemplate.WIFI_NETWORKID_ALL, IMSI_1);
-    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateImsi1 = buildTemplateMobileAll(IMSI_1);
-    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateImsi2 = buildTemplateMobileAll(IMSI_2);
+    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateWifi = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI)
+            .setWifiNetworkKeys(Set.of(TEST_WIFI_NETWORK_KEY)).build();
+    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateCarrierWifi1 = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI)
+            .setSubscriberIds(Set.of(IMSI_1)).build();
+    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateImsi1 = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+            .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).setSubscriberIds(Set.of(IMSI_1)).build();
+    private static NetworkTemplate sTemplateImsi2 = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+            .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).setSubscriberIds(Set.of(IMSI_2)).build();
 
     private static final Network WIFI_NETWORK =  new Network(100);
     private static final Network MOBILE_NETWORK =  new Network(101);
     private static final Network VPN_NETWORK = new Network(102);
+    private static final Network TEST_NETWORK = new Network(103);
 
     private static final Network[] NETWORKS_WIFI = new Network[]{ WIFI_NETWORK };
     private static final Network[] NETWORKS_MOBILE = new Network[]{ MOBILE_NETWORK };
+    private static final Network[] NETWORKS_TEST = new Network[]{ TEST_NETWORK };
 
     private static final long WAIT_TIMEOUT = 2 * 1000;  // 2 secs
     private static final int INVALID_TYPE = -1;
 
+    private static final String DUMPSYS_BPF_RAW_MAP = "--bpfRawMap";
+    private static final String DUMPSYS_COOKIE_TAG_MAP = "--cookieTagMap";
+    private static final String LINE_DELIMITER = "\\n";
+
+
     private long mElapsedRealtime;
 
     private File mStatsDir;
+    private File mLegacyStatsDir;
     private MockContext mServiceContext;
     private @Mock TelephonyManager mTelephonyManager;
     private static @Mock WifiInfo sWifiInfo;
@@ -203,7 +249,11 @@
     private HandlerThread mHandlerThread;
     @Mock
     private LocationPermissionChecker mLocationPermissionChecker;
-    private TestBpfMap<U32, U8> mUidCounterSetMap = spy(new TestBpfMap<>(U32.class, U8.class));
+    private TestBpfMap<S32, U8> mUidCounterSetMap = spy(new TestBpfMap<>(S32.class, U8.class));
+    @Mock
+    private BpfNetMaps mBpfNetMaps;
+    @Mock
+    private SkDestroyListener mSkDestroyListener;
 
     private TestBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> mCookieTagMap = new TestBpfMap<>(
             CookieTagMapKey.class, CookieTagMapValue.class);
@@ -213,13 +263,23 @@
             StatsMapValue.class);
     private TestBpfMap<UidStatsMapKey, StatsMapValue> mAppUidStatsMap = new TestBpfMap<>(
             UidStatsMapKey.class, StatsMapValue.class);
-
+    private TestBpfMap<S32, StatsMapValue> mIfaceStatsMap = new TestBpfMap<>(
+            S32.class, StatsMapValue.class);
     private NetworkStatsService mService;
     private INetworkStatsSession mSession;
     private AlertObserver mAlertObserver;
     private ContentObserver mContentObserver;
     private Handler mHandler;
     private TetheringManager.TetheringEventCallback mTetheringEventCallback;
+    private Map<String, NetworkStatsCollection> mPlatformNetworkStatsCollection =
+            new ArrayMap<String, NetworkStatsCollection>();
+    private boolean mStoreFilesInApexData = false;
+    private int mImportLegacyTargetAttempts = 0;
+    private @Mock PersistentInt mImportLegacyAttemptsCounter;
+    private @Mock PersistentInt mImportLegacySuccessesCounter;
+    private @Mock PersistentInt mImportLegacyFallbacksCounter;
+    private @Mock Resources mResources;
+    private Boolean mIsDebuggable;
 
     private class MockContext extends BroadcastInterceptingContext {
         private final Context mBaseContext;
@@ -249,6 +309,7 @@
                 case PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK:
                 case READ_NETWORK_USAGE_HISTORY:
                 case UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS:
+                case DUMP:
                     return PERMISSION_GRANTED;
                 default:
                     return PERMISSION_DENIED;
@@ -280,12 +341,20 @@
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+
+        // Setup mock resources.
+        final Context mockResContext = mock(Context.class);
+        doReturn(mResources).when(mockResContext).getResources();
+        ConnectivityResources.setResourcesContextForTest(mockResContext);
+
         final Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getContext();
         mServiceContext = new MockContext(context);
-        when(mLocationPermissionChecker.checkCallersLocationPermission(
-                any(), any(), anyInt(), anyBoolean(), any())).thenReturn(true);
-        when(sWifiInfo.getNetworkKey()).thenReturn(TEST_WIFI_NETWORK_KEY);
+        doReturn(true).when(mLocationPermissionChecker).checkCallersLocationPermission(
+                any(), any(), anyInt(), anyBoolean(), any());
+        doReturn(TEST_WIFI_NETWORK_KEY).when(sWifiInfo).getNetworkKey();
         mStatsDir = TestIoUtils.createTemporaryDirectory(getClass().getSimpleName());
+        mLegacyStatsDir = TestIoUtils.createTemporaryDirectory(
+                getClass().getSimpleName() + "-legacy");
 
         PowerManager powerManager = (PowerManager) mServiceContext.getSystemService(
                 Context.POWER_SERVICE);
@@ -295,14 +364,13 @@
         mHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("HandlerThread");
         final NetworkStatsService.Dependencies deps = makeDependencies();
         mService = new NetworkStatsService(mServiceContext, mNetd, mAlarmManager, wakeLock,
-                mClock, mSettings, mStatsFactory, new NetworkStatsObservers(), mStatsDir,
-                getBaseDir(mStatsDir), deps);
+                mClock, mSettings, mStatsFactory, new NetworkStatsObservers(), deps);
 
         mElapsedRealtime = 0L;
 
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectSystemReady();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        prepareForSystemReady();
         mService.systemReady();
         // Verify that system ready fetches realtime stats
         verify(mStatsFactory).readNetworkStatsDetail(UID_ALL, INTERFACES_ALL, TAG_ALL);
@@ -339,6 +407,47 @@
     private NetworkStatsService.Dependencies makeDependencies() {
         return new NetworkStatsService.Dependencies() {
             @Override
+            public File getLegacyStatsDir() {
+                return mLegacyStatsDir;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public File getOrCreateStatsDir() {
+                return mStatsDir;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean getStoreFilesInApexData() {
+                return mStoreFilesInApexData;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public int getImportLegacyTargetAttempts() {
+                return mImportLegacyTargetAttempts;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public PersistentInt createPersistentCounter(@androidx.annotation.NonNull Path dir,
+                    @androidx.annotation.NonNull String name) throws IOException {
+                switch (name) {
+                    case NETSTATS_IMPORT_ATTEMPTS_COUNTER_NAME:
+                        return mImportLegacyAttemptsCounter;
+                    case NETSTATS_IMPORT_SUCCESSES_COUNTER_NAME:
+                        return mImportLegacySuccessesCounter;
+                    case NETSTATS_IMPORT_FALLBACKS_COUNTER_NAME:
+                        return mImportLegacyFallbacksCounter;
+                    default:
+                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown counter name: " + name);
+                }
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public NetworkStatsCollection readPlatformCollection(
+                    @NonNull String prefix, long bucketDuration) {
+                return mPlatformNetworkStatsCollection.get(prefix);
+            }
+
+            @Override
             public HandlerThread makeHandlerThread() {
                 return mHandlerThread;
             }
@@ -370,7 +479,7 @@
             }
 
             @Override
-            public IBpfMap<U32, U8> getUidCounterSetMap() {
+            public IBpfMap<S32, U8> getUidCounterSetMap() {
                 return mUidCounterSetMap;
             }
 
@@ -393,6 +502,27 @@
             public IBpfMap<UidStatsMapKey, StatsMapValue> getAppUidStatsMap() {
                 return mAppUidStatsMap;
             }
+
+            @Override
+            public IBpfMap<S32, StatsMapValue> getIfaceStatsMap() {
+                return mIfaceStatsMap;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean isDebuggable() {
+                return mIsDebuggable == Boolean.TRUE;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public BpfNetMaps makeBpfNetMaps(Context ctx) {
+                return mBpfNetMaps;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public SkDestroyListener makeSkDestroyListener(
+                    IBpfMap<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> cookieTagMap, Handler handler) {
+                return mSkDestroyListener;
+            }
         };
     }
 
@@ -413,10 +543,10 @@
     private void initWifiStats(NetworkStateSnapshot snapshot) throws Exception {
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {snapshot};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
@@ -425,10 +555,10 @@
     private void incrementWifiStats(long durationMillis, String iface,
             long rxb, long rxp, long txb, long txp) throws Exception {
         incrementCurrentTime(durationMillis);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(iface, rxb, rxp, txb, txp));
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
     }
 
@@ -494,10 +624,10 @@
 
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
@@ -508,10 +638,10 @@
 
         // modify some number on wifi, and trigger poll event
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 1024L, 8L, 2048L, 16L));
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 2)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 2)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 512L, 4L, 256L, 2L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xFAAD, 256L, 2L, 128L, 1L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, 512L, 4L, 256L, 2L, 0L)
@@ -522,7 +652,7 @@
         mService.incrementOperationCount(UID_RED, 0xFAAD, 4);
         mService.noteUidForeground(UID_RED, true);
         verify(mUidCounterSetMap).updateEntry(
-                eq(new U32(UID_RED)), eq(new U8((short) SET_FOREGROUND)));
+                eq(new S32(UID_RED)), eq(new U8((short) SET_FOREGROUND)));
         mService.incrementOperationCount(UID_RED, 0xFAAD, 6);
 
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
@@ -539,14 +669,14 @@
 
         // graceful shutdown system, which should trigger persist of stats, and
         // clear any values in memory.
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         mServiceContext.sendBroadcast(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SHUTDOWN));
         assertStatsFilesExist(true);
 
         // boot through serviceReady() again
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectSystemReady();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        prepareForSystemReady();
 
         mService.systemReady();
 
@@ -571,20 +701,20 @@
 
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
-        expectSettings(0L, HOUR_IN_MILLIS, WEEK_IN_MILLIS);
+        mockSettings(HOUR_IN_MILLIS, WEEK_IN_MILLIS);
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // modify some number on wifi, and trigger poll event
         incrementCurrentTime(2 * HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectSettings(0L, HOUR_IN_MILLIS, WEEK_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockSettings(HOUR_IN_MILLIS, WEEK_IN_MILLIS);
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 512L, 4L, 512L, 4L));
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // verify service recorded history
@@ -596,9 +726,9 @@
 
         // now change bucket duration setting and trigger another poll with
         // exact same values, which should resize existing buckets.
-        expectSettings(0L, 30 * MINUTE_IN_MILLIS, WEEK_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockSettings(30 * MINUTE_IN_MILLIS, WEEK_IN_MILLIS);
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // verify identical stats, but spread across 4 buckets now
@@ -612,20 +742,20 @@
     @Test
     public void testUidStatsAcrossNetworks() throws Exception {
         // pretend first mobile network comes online
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildMobileState(IMSI_1)};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_MOBILE, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // create some traffic on first network
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 2048L, 16L, 512L, 4L));
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 3)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 3)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 1536L, 12L, 512L, 4L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 512L, 4L, 512L, 4L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 512L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L));
@@ -643,11 +773,11 @@
         // now switch networks; this also tests that we're okay with interfaces
         // disappearing, to verify we don't count backwards.
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildMobileState(IMSI_2)};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 2048L, 16L, 512L, 4L));
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 3)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 3)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 1536L, 12L, 512L, 4L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 512L, 4L, 512L, 4L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 512L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L));
@@ -659,10 +789,10 @@
 
         // create traffic on second network
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 2176L, 17L, 1536L, 12L));
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 1536L, 12L, 512L, 4L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 512L, 4L, 512L, 4L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 640L, 5L, 1024L, 8L, 0L)
@@ -687,20 +817,20 @@
     @Test
     public void testUidRemovedIsMoved() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // create some traffic
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 4128L, 258L, 544L, 34L));
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 16L, 1L, 16L, 1L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xFAAD, 16L, 1L, 16L, 1L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
@@ -716,13 +846,12 @@
         assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_BLUE, 4096L, 258L, 512L, 32L, 0);
         assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_GREEN, 16L, 1L, 16L, 1L, 0);
 
-
         // now pretend two UIDs are uninstalled, which should migrate stats to
         // special "removed" bucket.
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 4128L, 258L, 544L, 34L));
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 16L, 1L, 16L, 1L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xFAAD, 16L, 1L, 16L, 1L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
@@ -746,21 +875,21 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testMobileStatsByRatType() throws Exception {
-        final NetworkTemplate template3g =
-                buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS,
-                METERED_YES);
-        final NetworkTemplate template4g =
-                buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_LTE,
-                METERED_YES);
-        final NetworkTemplate template5g =
-                buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_NR,
-                METERED_YES);
+        final NetworkTemplate template3g = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setRatType(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS)
+                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build();
+        final NetworkTemplate template4g = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setRatType(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_LTE)
+                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build();
+        final NetworkTemplate template5g = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setRatType(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_NR)
+                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build();
         final NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
                 new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildMobileState(IMSI_1)};
 
         // 3G network comes online.
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         setMobileRatTypeAndWaitForIdle(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS);
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_MOBILE, states, getActiveIface(states),
@@ -768,9 +897,9 @@
 
         // Create some traffic.
         incrementCurrentTime(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                        12L, 18L, 14L, 1L, 0L)));
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 12L, 18L, 14L, 1L, 0L)));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // Verify 3g templates gets stats.
@@ -782,13 +911,13 @@
         // 4G network comes online.
         incrementCurrentTime(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS);
         setMobileRatTypeAndWaitForIdle(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_LTE);
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 // Append more traffic on existing 3g stats entry.
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                        16L, 22L, 17L, 2L, 0L))
+                         METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 16L, 22L, 17L, 2L, 0L))
                 // Add entry that is new on 4g.
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE,
-                        33L, 27L, 8L, 10L, 1L)));
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 33L, 27L, 8L, 10L, 1L)));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // Verify ALL_MOBILE template gets all. 3g template counters do not increase.
@@ -802,15 +931,15 @@
         // 5g network comes online.
         incrementCurrentTime(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS);
         setMobileRatTypeAndWaitForIdle(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_NR);
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 // Existing stats remains.
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                        16L, 22L, 17L, 2L, 0L))
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 16L, 22L, 17L, 2L, 0L))
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE,
-                        33L, 27L, 8L, 10L, 1L))
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 33L, 27L, 8L, 10L, 1L))
                 // Add some traffic on 5g.
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                5L, 13L, 31L, 9L, 2L)));
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 5L, 13L, 31L, 9L, 2L)));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // Verify ALL_MOBILE template gets all.
@@ -825,21 +954,24 @@
     @Test
     public void testMobileStatsMeteredness() throws Exception {
         // Create metered 5g template.
-        final NetworkTemplate templateMetered5g =
-                buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_NR,
-                METERED_YES);
+        final NetworkTemplate templateMetered5g = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setRatType(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_NR)
+                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build();
         // Create non-metered 5g template
-        final NetworkTemplate templateNonMetered5g =
-                buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_NR, METERED_NO);
+        final NetworkTemplate templateNonMetered5g = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setRatType(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_NR)
+                .setMeteredness(METERED_NO).build();
 
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         // Pretend that 5g mobile network comes online
         final NetworkStateSnapshot[] mobileStates =
-                new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildMobileState(IMSI_1), buildMobileState(TEST_IFACE2,
-                IMSI_1, true /* isTemporarilyNotMetered */, false /* isRoaming */)};
+                new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildMobileState(IMSI_1), buildStateOfTransport(
+                        NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, TYPE_MOBILE,
+                        TEST_IFACE2, IMSI_1, null /* wifiNetworkKey */,
+                        true /* isTemporarilyNotMetered */, false /* isRoaming */)};
         setMobileRatTypeAndWaitForIdle(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_NR);
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_MOBILE, mobileStates,
                 getActiveIface(mobileStates), new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
@@ -849,7 +981,7 @@
         // and DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, because these three properties aren't tracked at that layer.
         // They are layered on top by inspecting the iface properties.
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
                         DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE2, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_YES, ROAMING_NO,
@@ -863,93 +995,80 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testMobileStatsOemManaged() throws Exception {
-        final NetworkTemplate templateOemPaid = new NetworkTemplate(MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD,
-                /*subscriberId=*/null, /*matchSubscriberIds=*/null,
-                /*matchWifiNetworkKeys=*/new String[0], METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL, OEM_PAID, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT);
+        final NetworkTemplate templateOemPaid = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setOemManaged(OEM_PAID).build();
 
-        final NetworkTemplate templateOemPrivate = new NetworkTemplate(MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD,
-                /*subscriberId=*/null, /*matchSubscriberIds=*/null,
-                /*matchWifiNetworkKeys=*/new String[0], METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL, OEM_PRIVATE, SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT);
+        final NetworkTemplate templateOemPrivate = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setOemManaged(OEM_PRIVATE).build();
 
-        final NetworkTemplate templateOemAll = new NetworkTemplate(MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD,
-                /*subscriberId=*/null, /*matchSubscriberIds=*/null,
-                /*matchWifiNetworkKeys=*/new String[0], METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL, OEM_PAID | OEM_PRIVATE,
-                SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT);
+        final NetworkTemplate templateOemAll = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setOemManaged(OEM_PAID | OEM_PRIVATE).build();
 
-        final NetworkTemplate templateOemYes = new NetworkTemplate(MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD,
-                /*subscriberId=*/null, /*matchSubscriberIds=*/null,
-                /*matchWifiNetworkKeys=*/new String[0], METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL, OEM_MANAGED_YES,
-                SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT);
+        final NetworkTemplate templateOemYes = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setOemManaged(OEM_MANAGED_YES).build();
 
-        final NetworkTemplate templateOemNone = new NetworkTemplate(MATCH_MOBILE_WILDCARD,
-                /*subscriberId=*/null, /*matchSubscriberIds=*/null,
-                /*matchWifiNetworkKeys=*/new String[0], METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL, OEM_MANAGED_NO,
-                SUBSCRIBER_ID_MATCH_RULE_EXACT);
+        final NetworkTemplate templateOemNone = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setOemManaged(OEM_MANAGED_NO).build();
 
         // OEM_PAID network comes online.
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{
                 buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false,
                 new int[]{NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PAID})};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_MOBILE, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // Create some traffic.
         incrementCurrentTime(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                        36L, 41L, 24L, 96L, 0L)));
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 36L, 41L, 24L, 96L, 0L)));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // OEM_PRIVATE network comes online.
         states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false,
                 new int[]{NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PRIVATE})};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_MOBILE, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // Create some traffic.
         incrementCurrentTime(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                        49L, 71L, 72L, 48L, 0L)));
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 49L, 71L, 72L, 48L, 0L)));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // OEM_PAID + OEM_PRIVATE network comes online.
         states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false,
                 new int[]{NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PRIVATE,
                           NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PAID})};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_MOBILE, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // Create some traffic.
         incrementCurrentTime(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                        57L, 86L, 83L, 93L, 0L)));
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 57L, 86L, 83L, 93L, 0L)));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // OEM_NONE network comes online.
         states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildOemManagedMobileState(IMSI_1, false, new int[]{})};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_MOBILE, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // Create some traffic.
         incrementCurrentTime(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                        29L, 73L, 34L, 31L, 0L)));
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 29L, 73L, 34L, 31L, 0L)));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // Verify OEM_PAID template gets only relevant stats.
@@ -981,8 +1100,8 @@
 
     // TODO: support per IMSI state
     private void setMobileRatTypeAndWaitForIdle(int ratType) {
-        when(mNetworkStatsSubscriptionsMonitor.getRatTypeForSubscriberId(anyString()))
-                .thenReturn(ratType);
+        doReturn(ratType).when(mNetworkStatsSubscriptionsMonitor)
+                .getRatTypeForSubscriberId(anyString());
         mService.handleOnCollapsedRatTypeChanged();
         HandlerUtils.waitForIdle(mHandlerThread, WAIT_TIMEOUT);
     }
@@ -990,19 +1109,19 @@
     @Test
     public void testSummaryForAllUid() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // create some traffic for two apps
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 50L, 5L, 50L, 5L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 10L, 1L, 10L, 1L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 1024L, 8L, 512L, 4L, 0L));
@@ -1017,9 +1136,9 @@
 
         // now create more traffic in next hour, but only for one app
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 50L, 5L, 50L, 5L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 10L, 1L, 10L, 1L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
@@ -1047,27 +1166,102 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testGetLatestSummary() throws Exception {
+        // Pretend that network comes online.
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildWifiState()};
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+
+        mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
+                new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
+
+        // Increase arbitrary time which does not align to the bucket edge, create some traffic.
+        incrementCurrentTime(1751000L);
+        NetworkStats.Entry entry = new NetworkStats.Entry(
+                TEST_IFACE, UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 50L, 5L, 51L, 1L, 3L);
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1).insertEntry(entry));
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
+
+        // Verify the mocked stats is returned by querying with the range of the latest bucket.
+        final ZonedDateTime end =
+                ZonedDateTime.ofInstant(mClock.instant(), ZoneId.systemDefault());
+        final ZonedDateTime start = end.truncatedTo(ChronoUnit.HOURS);
+        NetworkStats stats = mSession.getSummaryForNetwork(
+                new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI)
+                .setWifiNetworkKeys(Set.of(TEST_WIFI_NETWORK_KEY)).build(),
+                start.toInstant().toEpochMilli(), end.toInstant().toEpochMilli());
+        assertEquals(1, stats.size());
+        assertValues(stats, IFACE_ALL, UID_ALL, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL, 50L, 5L, 51L, 1L, 3L);
+
+        // For getHistoryIntervalForNetwork, only includes buckets that atomically occur in
+        // the inclusive time range, instead of including the latest bucket. This behavior is
+        // already documented publicly, refer to {@link NetworkStatsManager#queryDetails}.
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testQueryTestNetworkUsage() throws Exception {
+        final NetworkTemplate templateTestAll = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_TEST).build();
+        final NetworkTemplate templateTestIface1 = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_TEST)
+                .setWifiNetworkKeys(Set.of(TEST_IFACE)).build();
+        final NetworkTemplate templateTestIface2 = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_TEST)
+                .setWifiNetworkKeys(Set.of(TEST_IFACE2)).build();
+        // Test networks might use interface as subscriberId to identify individual networks.
+        // Simulate both cases.
+        final NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
+                new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildTestState(TEST_IFACE, TEST_IFACE),
+                        buildTestState(TEST_IFACE2, null /* wifiNetworkKey */)};
+
+        // Test networks comes online.
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_TEST, states, getActiveIface(states),
+                new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
+
+        // Create some traffic on both interfaces.
+        incrementCurrentTime(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS);
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+                .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 12L, 18L, 14L, 1L, 0L))
+                .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE2, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 7L, 3L, 5L, 1L, 1L)));
+        forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
+
+        // Verify test network templates gets stats. Stats of test networks without subscriberId
+        // can only be matched by templates without subscriberId requirement.
+        assertUidTotal(templateTestAll, UID_RED, 19L, 21L, 19L, 2L, 1);
+        assertUidTotal(templateTestIface1, UID_RED, 12L, 18L, 14L, 1L, 0);
+        assertUidTotal(templateTestIface2, UID_RED, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testUidStatsForTransport() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         NetworkStats.Entry entry1 = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 50L, 5L, 50L, 5L, 0L);
+                TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 50L, 5L, 50L, 5L, 0L);
         NetworkStats.Entry entry2 = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 50L, 5L, 50L, 5L, 0L);
+                TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 50L, 5L, 50L, 5L, 0L);
         NetworkStats.Entry entry3 = new NetworkStats.Entry(
-                TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, 0xBEEF, 1024L, 8L, 512L, 4L, 0L);
+                TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, 0xBEEF, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1024L, 8L, 512L, 4L, 0L);
 
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 3)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 3)
                 .insertEntry(entry1)
                 .insertEntry(entry2)
                 .insertEntry(entry3));
@@ -1077,28 +1271,31 @@
 
         assertEquals(3, stats.size());
         entry1.operations = 1;
+        entry1.iface = null;
         assertEquals(entry1, stats.getValues(0, null));
         entry2.operations = 1;
+        entry2.iface = null;
         assertEquals(entry2, stats.getValues(1, null));
+        entry3.iface = null;
         assertEquals(entry3, stats.getValues(2, null));
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testForegroundBackground() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // create some initial traffic
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 64L, 1L, 64L, 1L, 0L));
         mService.incrementOperationCount(UID_RED, 0xF00D, 1);
@@ -1111,16 +1308,16 @@
 
         // now switch to foreground
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 64L, 1L, 64L, 1L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, 32L, 2L, 32L, 2L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, 0xFAAD, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 0L));
         mService.noteUidForeground(UID_RED, true);
         verify(mUidCounterSetMap).updateEntry(
-                eq(new U32(UID_RED)), eq(new U8((short) SET_FOREGROUND)));
+                eq(new S32(UID_RED)), eq(new U8((short) SET_FOREGROUND)));
         mService.incrementOperationCount(UID_RED, 0xFAAD, 1);
 
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
@@ -1145,23 +1342,23 @@
     @Test
     public void testMetered() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
                 new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState(true /* isMetered */, TEST_IFACE)};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // create some initial traffic
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         // Note that all traffic from NetworkManagementService is tagged as METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO
         // and DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, because these three properties aren't tracked at that layer.
         // We layer them on top by inspecting the iface properties.
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
                         DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES, 128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
@@ -1185,24 +1382,26 @@
     @Test
     public void testRoaming() throws Exception {
         // pretend that network comes online
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
-            new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildMobileState(TEST_IFACE, IMSI_1,
-            false /* isTemporarilyNotMetered */, true /* isRoaming */)};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+            new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildStateOfTransport(
+                    NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, TYPE_MOBILE,
+                    TEST_IFACE,  IMSI_1, null /* wifiNetworkKey */,
+                    false /* isTemporarilyNotMetered */, true /* isRoaming */)};
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_MOBILE, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // Create some traffic
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
         // Note that all traffic from NetworkManagementService is tagged as METERED_NO and
         // ROAMING_NO, because metered and roaming isn't tracked at that layer. We layer it
         // on top by inspecting the iface properties.
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_NO,
                         DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES,  128L, 2L, 128L, 2L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_NO,
@@ -1225,18 +1424,18 @@
     @Test
     public void testTethering() throws Exception {
         // pretend first mobile network comes online
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         final NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
                 new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildMobileState(IMSI_1)};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_MOBILE, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // create some tethering traffic
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
 
         // Register custom provider and retrieve callback.
         final TestableNetworkStatsProviderBinder provider =
@@ -1268,8 +1467,8 @@
         final TetherStatsParcel[] tetherStatsParcels =
                 {buildTetherStatsParcel(TEST_IFACE, 1408L, 10L, 256L, 1L, 0)};
 
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(swIfaceStats);
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(localUidStats, tetherStatsParcels);
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(swIfaceStats);
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(localUidStats, tetherStatsParcels);
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // verify service recorded history
@@ -1282,10 +1481,10 @@
     public void testRegisterUsageCallback() throws Exception {
         // pretend that wifi network comes online; service should ask about full
         // network state, and poll any existing interfaces before updating.
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
@@ -1297,9 +1496,9 @@
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateWifi, thresholdInBytes);
 
         // Force poll
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         // Register and verify request and that binder was called
         DataUsageRequest request = mService.registerUsageCallback(
@@ -1317,10 +1516,10 @@
         // modify some number on wifi, and trigger poll event
         // not enough traffic to call data usage callback
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 1024L, 1L, 2048L, 2L));
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // verify service recorded history
@@ -1332,10 +1531,10 @@
         // and bump forward again, with counters going higher. this is
         // important, since it will trigger the data usage callback
         incrementCurrentTime(DAY_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectDefaultSettings();
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 4096000L, 4L, 8192000L, 8L));
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // verify service recorded history
@@ -1346,8 +1545,8 @@
         mUsageCallback.expectOnThresholdReached(request);
 
         // Allow binder to disconnect
-        when(mUsageCallbackBinder.unlinkToDeath(any(IBinder.DeathRecipient.class), anyInt()))
-                .thenReturn(true);
+        doReturn(true).when(mUsageCallbackBinder)
+                .unlinkToDeath(any(IBinder.DeathRecipient.class), anyInt());
 
         // Unregister request
         mService.unregisterUsageRequest(request);
@@ -1372,11 +1571,11 @@
     @Test
     public void testStatsProviderUpdateStats() throws Exception {
         // Pretend that network comes online.
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         final NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
                 new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildWifiState(true /* isMetered */, TEST_IFACE)};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         // Register custom provider and retrieve callback.
         final TestableNetworkStatsProviderBinder provider =
@@ -1405,7 +1604,7 @@
         // Make another empty mutable stats object. This is necessary since the new NetworkStats
         // object will be used to compare with the old one in NetworkStatsRecoder, two of them
         // cannot be the same object.
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
@@ -1434,14 +1633,14 @@
     @Test
     public void testDualVilteProviderStats() throws Exception {
         // Pretend that network comes online.
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         final int subId1 = 1;
         final int subId2 = 2;
         final NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{
                 buildImsState(IMSI_1, subId1, TEST_IFACE),
                 buildImsState(IMSI_2, subId2, TEST_IFACE2)};
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         // Register custom provider and retrieve callback.
         final TestableNetworkStatsProviderBinder provider =
@@ -1472,7 +1671,7 @@
         // Make another empty mutable stats object. This is necessary since the new NetworkStats
         // object will be used to compare with the old one in NetworkStatsRecoder, two of them
         // cannot be the same object.
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
@@ -1505,7 +1704,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testStatsProviderSetAlert() throws Exception {
         // Pretend that network comes online.
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
                 new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildWifiState(true /* isMetered */, TEST_IFACE)};
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
@@ -1529,7 +1728,7 @@
     }
 
     private void setCombineSubtypeEnabled(boolean enable) {
-        when(mSettings.getCombineSubtypeEnabled()).thenReturn(enable);
+        doReturn(enable).when(mSettings).getCombineSubtypeEnabled();
         mHandler.post(() -> mContentObserver.onChange(false, Settings.Global
                     .getUriFor(Settings.Global.NETSTATS_COMBINE_SUBTYPE_ENABLED)));
         waitForIdle();
@@ -1544,19 +1743,19 @@
     public void testDynamicWatchForNetworkRatTypeChanges() throws Exception {
         // Build 3G template, type unknown template to get stats while network type is unknown
         // and type all template to get the sum of all network type stats.
-        final NetworkTemplate template3g =
-                buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS,
-                METERED_YES);
-        final NetworkTemplate templateUnknown =
-                buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
-                METERED_YES);
-        final NetworkTemplate templateAll =
-                buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL, METERED_YES);
+        final NetworkTemplate template3g = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setRatType(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS)
+                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build();
+        final NetworkTemplate templateUnknown = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setRatType(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UNKNOWN)
+                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build();
+        final NetworkTemplate templateAll = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build();
         final NetworkStateSnapshot[] states =
                 new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildMobileState(IMSI_1)};
 
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
 
         // 3G network comes online.
         setMobileRatTypeAndWaitForIdle(TelephonyManager.NETWORK_TYPE_UMTS);
@@ -1565,9 +1764,9 @@
 
         // Create some traffic.
         incrementCurrentTime(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                        12L, 18L, 14L, 1L, 0L)));
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 12L, 18L, 14L, 1L, 0L)));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // Since CombineSubtypeEnabled is false by default in unit test, the generated traffic
@@ -1589,11 +1788,12 @@
         // Create some traffic.
         incrementCurrentTime(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS);
         // Append more traffic on existing snapshot.
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                        12L + 4L, 18L + 4L, 14L + 3L, 1L + 1L, 0L))
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 12L + 4L, 18L + 4L, 14L + 3L,
+                        1L + 1L, 0L))
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE,
-                        35L, 29L, 7L, 11L, 1L)));
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 35L, 29L, 7L, 11L, 1L)));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // Verify 3G counters do not increase, while template with unknown RAT type gets new
@@ -1611,11 +1811,11 @@
         // Create some traffic.
         incrementCurrentTime(MINUTE_IN_MILLIS);
         // Append more traffic on existing snapshot.
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
-                        22L, 26L, 19L, 5L, 0L))
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 22L, 26L, 19L, 5L, 0L))
                 .addEntry(new NetworkStats.Entry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE,
-                        35L, 29L, 7L, 11L, 1L)));
+                        METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO, DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 35L, 29L, 7L, 11L, 1L)));
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // Verify traffic is split by RAT type, no increase on template with unknown RAT type
@@ -1628,16 +1828,16 @@
     @Test
     public void testOperationCount_nonDefault_traffic() throws Exception {
         // Pretend mobile network comes online, but wifi is the default network.
-        expectDefaultSettings();
+        mockDefaultSettings();
         NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{
                 buildWifiState(true /*isMetered*/, TEST_IFACE2), buildMobileState(IMSI_1)};
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
         mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
                 new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
 
         // Create some traffic on mobile network.
         incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 4)
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 4)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
                         DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 2L, 1L, 3L, 4L, 0L)
                 .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
@@ -1648,8 +1848,8 @@
         forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
 
         // Verify mobile summary is not changed by the operation count.
-        final NetworkTemplate templateMobile =
-                buildTemplateMobileWithRatType(null, NETWORK_TYPE_ALL, METERED_YES);
+        final NetworkTemplate templateMobile = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_MOBILE)
+                .setMeteredness(METERED_YES).build();
         final NetworkStats statsMobile = mSession.getSummaryForAllUid(
                 templateMobile, Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE, true);
         assertValues(statsMobile, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_ALL, TAG_NONE, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
@@ -1660,7 +1860,7 @@
         // Verify the operation count is blamed onto the default network.
         // TODO: Blame onto the default network is not very reasonable. Consider blame onto the
         //  network that generates the traffic.
-        final NetworkTemplate templateWifi = buildTemplateWifiWildcard();
+        final NetworkTemplate templateWifi = new NetworkTemplate.Builder(MATCH_WIFI).build();
         final NetworkStats statsWifi = mSession.getSummaryForAllUid(
                 templateWifi, Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE, true);
         assertValues(statsWifi, IFACE_ALL, UID_RED, SET_ALL, 0xF00D, METERED_ALL, ROAMING_ALL,
@@ -1688,8 +1888,8 @@
      */
     @Test
     public void testEnforceTemplateLocationPermission() throws Exception {
-        when(mLocationPermissionChecker.checkCallersLocationPermission(
-                any(), any(), anyInt(), anyBoolean(), any())).thenReturn(false);
+        doReturn(false).when(mLocationPermissionChecker)
+                .checkCallersLocationPermission(any(), any(), anyInt(), anyBoolean(), any());
         initWifiStats(buildWifiState(true, TEST_IFACE, IMSI_1));
         assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () ->
                 assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0));
@@ -1697,17 +1897,275 @@
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateCarrierWifi1, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateImsi1, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
 
-        when(mLocationPermissionChecker.checkCallersLocationPermission(
-                any(), any(), anyInt(), anyBoolean(), any())).thenReturn(true);
+        doReturn(true).when(mLocationPermissionChecker)
+                .checkCallersLocationPermission(any(), any(), anyInt(), anyBoolean(), any());
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateCarrierWifi1, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateImsi1, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
     }
 
-    private static File getBaseDir(File statsDir) {
-        File baseDir = new File(statsDir, "netstats");
-        baseDir.mkdirs();
-        return baseDir;
+    /**
+     * Verify the service will perform data migration process can be controlled by the device flag.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testDataMigration() throws Exception {
+        assertStatsFilesExist(false);
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
+
+        mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
+                new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
+
+        // modify some number on wifi, and trigger poll event
+        incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 1024L, 8L, 2048L, 16L));
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 2)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 512L, 4L, 256L, 2L, 0L)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, 0xFAAD, 256L, 2L, 128L, 1L, 0L)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, 512L, 4L, 256L, 2L, 0L)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_FOREGROUND, 0xFAAD, 256L, 2L, 128L, 1L, 0L)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 128L, 1L, 128L, 1L, 0L));
+
+        mService.noteUidForeground(UID_RED, false);
+        verify(mUidCounterSetMap, never()).deleteEntry(any());
+        mService.incrementOperationCount(UID_RED, 0xFAAD, 4);
+        mService.noteUidForeground(UID_RED, true);
+        verify(mUidCounterSetMap).updateEntry(
+                eq(new S32(UID_RED)), eq(new U8((short) SET_FOREGROUND)));
+        mService.incrementOperationCount(UID_RED, 0xFAAD, 6);
+
+        forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
+        // Simulate shutdown to force persisting data
+        mServiceContext.sendBroadcast(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SHUTDOWN));
+        assertStatsFilesExist(true);
+
+        // Move the files to the legacy directory to simulate an import from old data
+        for (File f : mStatsDir.listFiles()) {
+            Files.move(f.toPath(), mLegacyStatsDir.toPath().resolve(f.getName()));
+        }
+        assertStatsFilesExist(false);
+
+        // Fetch the stats from the legacy files and set platform stats collection to be identical
+        mPlatformNetworkStatsCollection.put(PREFIX_DEV,
+                getLegacyCollection(PREFIX_DEV, false /* includeTags */));
+        mPlatformNetworkStatsCollection.put(PREFIX_XT,
+                getLegacyCollection(PREFIX_XT, false /* includeTags */));
+        mPlatformNetworkStatsCollection.put(PREFIX_UID,
+                getLegacyCollection(PREFIX_UID, false /* includeTags */));
+        mPlatformNetworkStatsCollection.put(PREFIX_UID_TAG,
+                getLegacyCollection(PREFIX_UID_TAG, true /* includeTags */));
+
+        // Mock zero usage and boot through serviceReady(), verify there is no imported data.
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        prepareForSystemReady();
+        mService.systemReady();
+        assertStatsFilesExist(false);
+
+        // Set the flag and reboot, verify the imported data is not there until next boot.
+        mStoreFilesInApexData = true;
+        mImportLegacyTargetAttempts = 3;
+        mServiceContext.sendBroadcast(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SHUTDOWN));
+        assertStatsFilesExist(false);
+
+        // Boot through systemReady() again.
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        prepareForSystemReady();
+        mService.systemReady();
+
+        // After systemReady(), the service should have historical stats loaded again.
+        // Thus, verify
+        //  1. The stats are absorbed by the recorder.
+        //  2. The imported data are persisted.
+        //  3. The attempts count is set to target attempts count to indicate a successful
+        //     migration.
+        assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 1024L, 8L, 2048L, 16L, 0);
+        assertStatsFilesExist(true);
+        verify(mImportLegacyAttemptsCounter).set(3);
+        verify(mImportLegacySuccessesCounter).set(1);
+
+        // TODO: Verify upgrading with Exception won't damege original data and
+        //  will decrease the retry counter by 1.
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDataMigration_differentFromFallback() throws Exception {
+        assertStatsFilesExist(false);
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[]{buildWifiState()};
+
+        mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
+                new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
+
+        // modify some number on wifi, and trigger poll event
+        incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, 1024L, 8L, 2048L, 16L));
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 128L, 1L, 128L, 1L, 0L));
+        forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
+        // Simulate shutdown to force persisting data
+        mServiceContext.sendBroadcast(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SHUTDOWN));
+        assertStatsFilesExist(true);
+
+        // Move the files to the legacy directory to simulate an import from old data
+        for (File f : mStatsDir.listFiles()) {
+            Files.move(f.toPath(), mLegacyStatsDir.toPath().resolve(f.getName()));
+        }
+        assertStatsFilesExist(false);
+
+        // Prepare some unexpected data.
+        final NetworkIdentity testWifiIdent = new NetworkIdentity.Builder().setType(TYPE_WIFI)
+                .setWifiNetworkKey(TEST_WIFI_NETWORK_KEY).build();
+        final NetworkStatsCollection.Key unexpectedUidAllkey = new NetworkStatsCollection.Key(
+                Set.of(testWifiIdent), UID_ALL, SET_DEFAULT, 0);
+        final NetworkStatsCollection.Key unexpectedUidBluekey = new NetworkStatsCollection.Key(
+                Set.of(testWifiIdent), UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, 0);
+        final NetworkStatsHistory unexpectedHistory = new NetworkStatsHistory
+                .Builder(965L /* bucketDuration */, 1)
+                .addEntry(new NetworkStatsHistory.Entry(TEST_START, 3L, 55L, 4L, 31L, 10L, 5L))
+                .build();
+
+        // Simulate the platform stats collection somehow is different from what is read from
+        // the fallback method. The service should read them as is. This usually happens when an
+        // OEM has changed the implementation of NetworkStatsDataMigrationUtils inside the platform.
+        final NetworkStatsCollection summaryCollection =
+                getLegacyCollection(PREFIX_XT, false /* includeTags */);
+        summaryCollection.recordHistory(unexpectedUidAllkey, unexpectedHistory);
+        final NetworkStatsCollection uidCollection =
+                getLegacyCollection(PREFIX_UID, false /* includeTags */);
+        uidCollection.recordHistory(unexpectedUidBluekey, unexpectedHistory);
+        mPlatformNetworkStatsCollection.put(PREFIX_DEV, summaryCollection);
+        mPlatformNetworkStatsCollection.put(PREFIX_XT, summaryCollection);
+        mPlatformNetworkStatsCollection.put(PREFIX_UID, uidCollection);
+        mPlatformNetworkStatsCollection.put(PREFIX_UID_TAG,
+                getLegacyCollection(PREFIX_UID_TAG, true /* includeTags */));
+
+        // Mock zero usage and boot through serviceReady(), verify there is no imported data.
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        prepareForSystemReady();
+        mService.systemReady();
+        assertStatsFilesExist(false);
+
+        // Set the flag and reboot, verify the imported data is not there until next boot.
+        mStoreFilesInApexData = true;
+        mImportLegacyTargetAttempts = 3;
+        mServiceContext.sendBroadcast(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SHUTDOWN));
+        assertStatsFilesExist(false);
+
+        // Boot through systemReady() again.
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+        prepareForSystemReady();
+        mService.systemReady();
+
+        // Verify the result read from public API matches the result returned from the importer.
+        assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 1024L + 55L, 8L + 4L, 2048L + 31L, 16L + 10L, 0 + 5);
+        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_BLUE,
+                128L + 55L, 1L + 4L, 128L + 31L, 1L + 10L, 0 + 5);
+        assertStatsFilesExist(true);
+        verify(mImportLegacyAttemptsCounter).set(3);
+        verify(mImportLegacySuccessesCounter).set(1);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testShouldRunComparison() {
+        for (Boolean isDebuggable : Set.of(Boolean.TRUE, Boolean.FALSE)) {
+            mIsDebuggable = isDebuggable;
+            // Verify return false regardless of the device is debuggable.
+            doReturn(0).when(mResources)
+                    .getInteger(R.integer.config_netstats_validate_import);
+            assertShouldRunComparison(false, isDebuggable);
+            // Verify return true regardless of the device is debuggable.
+            doReturn(1).when(mResources)
+                    .getInteger(R.integer.config_netstats_validate_import);
+            assertShouldRunComparison(true, isDebuggable);
+            // Verify return true iff the device is debuggable.
+            for (int testValue : Set.of(-1, 2)) {
+                doReturn(testValue).when(mResources)
+                        .getInteger(R.integer.config_netstats_validate_import);
+                assertShouldRunComparison(isDebuggable, isDebuggable);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStatsFactoryRemoveUids() throws Exception {
+        // pretend that network comes online
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        NetworkStateSnapshot[] states = new NetworkStateSnapshot[] {buildWifiState()};
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(buildEmptyStats());
+
+        mService.notifyNetworkStatus(NETWORKS_WIFI, states, getActiveIface(states),
+                new UnderlyingNetworkInfo[0]);
+
+        // Create some traffic
+        incrementCurrentTime(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
+        mockDefaultSettings();
+        final NetworkStats stats = new NetworkStats(getElapsedRealtime(), 1)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_RED, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 16L, 1L, 16L, 1L, 0L)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_BLUE, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
+                        4096L, 258L, 512L, 32L, 0L)
+                .insertEntry(TEST_IFACE, UID_GREEN, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 64L, 3L, 1024L, 8L, 0L);
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(stats);
+
+        forcePollAndWaitForIdle();
+
+        // Verify service recorded history
+        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, 16L, 1L, 16L, 1L, 0);
+        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_BLUE, 4096L, 258L, 512L, 32L, 0);
+        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_GREEN, 64L, 3L, 1024L, 8L, 0);
+
+        // Simulate that the apps are removed.
+        final Intent intentBlue = new Intent(ACTION_UID_REMOVED);
+        intentBlue.putExtra(EXTRA_UID, UID_BLUE);
+        mServiceContext.sendBroadcast(intentBlue);
+
+        final Intent intentRed = new Intent(ACTION_UID_REMOVED);
+        intentRed.putExtra(EXTRA_UID, UID_RED);
+        mServiceContext.sendBroadcast(intentRed);
+
+        final int[] removedUids = {UID_BLUE, UID_RED};
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<int[]> removedUidsCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(int[].class);
+        verify(mStatsFactory, times(2)).removeUidsLocked(removedUidsCaptor.capture());
+        final List<int[]> captureRemovedUids = removedUidsCaptor.getAllValues();
+        // Simulate that the stats are removed in NetworkStatsFactory.
+        if (captureRemovedUids.contains(removedUids)) {
+            stats.removeUids(removedUids);
+        }
+
+        // Verify the stats of the removed uid is removed.
+        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_RED, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
+        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_BLUE, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
+        assertUidTotal(sTemplateWifi, UID_GREEN, 64L, 3L, 1024L, 8L, 0);
+    }
+
+    private void assertShouldRunComparison(boolean expected, boolean isDebuggable) {
+        assertEquals("shouldRunComparison (debuggable=" + isDebuggable + "): ",
+                expected, mService.shouldRunComparison());
+    }
+
+    private NetworkStatsRecorder makeTestRecorder(File directory, String prefix, Config config,
+            boolean includeTags, boolean wipeOnError) {
+        final NetworkStats.NonMonotonicObserver observer =
+                mock(NetworkStats.NonMonotonicObserver.class);
+        final DropBoxManager dropBox = mock(DropBoxManager.class);
+        return new NetworkStatsRecorder(new FileRotator(
+                directory, prefix, config.rotateAgeMillis, config.deleteAgeMillis),
+                observer, dropBox, prefix, config.bucketDuration, includeTags, wipeOnError);
+    }
+
+    private NetworkStatsCollection getLegacyCollection(String prefix, boolean includeTags) {
+        final NetworkStatsRecorder recorder = makeTestRecorder(mLegacyStatsDir, prefix,
+                mSettings.getDevConfig(), includeTags, false);
+        return recorder.getOrLoadCompleteLocked();
     }
 
     private void assertNetworkTotal(NetworkTemplate template, long rxBytes, long rxPackets,
@@ -1751,8 +2209,8 @@
                 rxBytes, rxPackets, txBytes, txPackets, operations);
     }
 
-    private void expectSystemReady() throws Exception {
-        expectNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
+    private void prepareForSystemReady() throws Exception {
+        mockNetworkStatsSummary(buildEmptyStats());
     }
 
     private String getActiveIface(NetworkStateSnapshot... states) throws Exception {
@@ -1762,65 +2220,61 @@
         return states[0].getLinkProperties().getInterfaceName();
     }
 
-    // TODO: These expect* methods are used to have NetworkStatsService returns the given stats
-    //       instead of expecting anything. Therefore, these methods should be renamed properly.
-    private void expectNetworkStatsSummary(NetworkStats summary) throws Exception {
-        expectNetworkStatsSummaryDev(summary.clone());
-        expectNetworkStatsSummaryXt(summary.clone());
+    private void mockNetworkStatsSummary(NetworkStats summary) throws Exception {
+        mockNetworkStatsSummaryDev(summary.clone());
+        mockNetworkStatsSummaryXt(summary.clone());
     }
 
-    private void expectNetworkStatsSummaryDev(NetworkStats summary) throws Exception {
-        when(mStatsFactory.readNetworkStatsSummaryDev()).thenReturn(summary);
+    private void mockNetworkStatsSummaryDev(NetworkStats summary) throws Exception {
+        doReturn(summary).when(mStatsFactory).readNetworkStatsSummaryDev();
     }
 
-    private void expectNetworkStatsSummaryXt(NetworkStats summary) throws Exception {
-        when(mStatsFactory.readNetworkStatsSummaryXt()).thenReturn(summary);
+    private void mockNetworkStatsSummaryXt(NetworkStats summary) throws Exception {
+        doReturn(summary).when(mStatsFactory).readNetworkStatsSummaryXt();
     }
 
-    private void expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(NetworkStats detail) throws Exception {
+    private void mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(NetworkStats detail) throws Exception {
         final TetherStatsParcel[] tetherStatsParcels = {};
-        expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(detail, tetherStatsParcels);
+        mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(detail, tetherStatsParcels);
     }
 
-    private void expectNetworkStatsUidDetail(NetworkStats detail,
+    private void mockNetworkStatsUidDetail(NetworkStats detail,
             TetherStatsParcel[] tetherStatsParcels) throws Exception {
-        when(mStatsFactory.readNetworkStatsDetail(UID_ALL, INTERFACES_ALL, TAG_ALL))
-                .thenReturn(detail);
+        doReturn(detail).when(mStatsFactory)
+                .readNetworkStatsDetail(UID_ALL, INTERFACES_ALL, TAG_ALL);
 
         // also include tethering details, since they are folded into UID
-        when(mNetd.tetherGetStats()).thenReturn(tetherStatsParcels);
+        doReturn(tetherStatsParcels).when(mNetd).tetherGetStats();
     }
 
-    private void expectDefaultSettings() throws Exception {
-        expectSettings(0L, HOUR_IN_MILLIS, WEEK_IN_MILLIS);
+    private void mockDefaultSettings() throws Exception {
+        mockSettings(HOUR_IN_MILLIS, WEEK_IN_MILLIS);
     }
 
-    private void expectSettings(long persistBytes, long bucketDuration, long deleteAge)
-            throws Exception {
-        when(mSettings.getPollInterval()).thenReturn(HOUR_IN_MILLIS);
-        when(mSettings.getPollDelay()).thenReturn(0L);
-        when(mSettings.getSampleEnabled()).thenReturn(true);
-        when(mSettings.getCombineSubtypeEnabled()).thenReturn(false);
+    private void mockSettings(long bucketDuration, long deleteAge) throws Exception {
+        doReturn(HOUR_IN_MILLIS).when(mSettings).getPollInterval();
+        doReturn(0L).when(mSettings).getPollDelay();
+        doReturn(true).when(mSettings).getSampleEnabled();
+        doReturn(false).when(mSettings).getCombineSubtypeEnabled();
 
         final Config config = new Config(bucketDuration, deleteAge, deleteAge);
-        when(mSettings.getDevConfig()).thenReturn(config);
-        when(mSettings.getXtConfig()).thenReturn(config);
-        when(mSettings.getUidConfig()).thenReturn(config);
-        when(mSettings.getUidTagConfig()).thenReturn(config);
+        doReturn(config).when(mSettings).getDevConfig();
+        doReturn(config).when(mSettings).getXtConfig();
+        doReturn(config).when(mSettings).getUidConfig();
+        doReturn(config).when(mSettings).getUidTagConfig();
 
-        when(mSettings.getGlobalAlertBytes(anyLong())).thenReturn(MB_IN_BYTES);
-        when(mSettings.getDevPersistBytes(anyLong())).thenReturn(MB_IN_BYTES);
-        when(mSettings.getXtPersistBytes(anyLong())).thenReturn(MB_IN_BYTES);
-        when(mSettings.getUidPersistBytes(anyLong())).thenReturn(MB_IN_BYTES);
-        when(mSettings.getUidTagPersistBytes(anyLong())).thenReturn(MB_IN_BYTES);
+        doReturn(MB_IN_BYTES).when(mSettings).getGlobalAlertBytes(anyLong());
+        doReturn(MB_IN_BYTES).when(mSettings).getDevPersistBytes(anyLong());
+        doReturn(MB_IN_BYTES).when(mSettings).getXtPersistBytes(anyLong());
+        doReturn(MB_IN_BYTES).when(mSettings).getUidPersistBytes(anyLong());
+        doReturn(MB_IN_BYTES).when(mSettings).getUidTagPersistBytes(anyLong());
     }
 
     private void assertStatsFilesExist(boolean exist) {
-        final File basePath = new File(mStatsDir, "netstats");
         if (exist) {
-            assertTrue(basePath.list().length > 0);
+            assertTrue(mStatsDir.list().length > 0);
         } else {
-            assertTrue(basePath.list().length == 0);
+            assertTrue(mStatsDir.list().length == 0);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1855,24 +2309,34 @@
     }
 
     private static NetworkStateSnapshot buildMobileState(String subscriberId) {
-        return buildMobileState(TEST_IFACE, subscriberId, false /* isTemporarilyNotMetered */,
-                false /* isRoaming */);
+        return buildStateOfTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, TYPE_MOBILE,
+                TEST_IFACE, subscriberId, null /* wifiNetworkKey */,
+                false /* isTemporarilyNotMetered */, false /* isRoaming */);
     }
 
-    private static NetworkStateSnapshot buildMobileState(String iface, String subscriberId,
+    private static NetworkStateSnapshot buildTestState(@NonNull String iface,
+            @Nullable String wifiNetworkKey) {
+        return buildStateOfTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_TEST, TYPE_TEST,
+                iface, null /* subscriberId */, wifiNetworkKey,
+                false /* isTemporarilyNotMetered */, false /* isRoaming */);
+    }
+
+    private static NetworkStateSnapshot buildStateOfTransport(int transport, int legacyType,
+            String iface, String subscriberId, String wifiNetworkKey,
             boolean isTemporarilyNotMetered, boolean isRoaming) {
         final LinkProperties prop = new LinkProperties();
         prop.setInterfaceName(iface);
         final NetworkCapabilities capabilities = new NetworkCapabilities();
 
-        if (isTemporarilyNotMetered) {
-            capabilities.addCapability(
-                    NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_TEMPORARILY_NOT_METERED);
-        }
+        capabilities.setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_TEMPORARILY_NOT_METERED,
+                isTemporarilyNotMetered);
         capabilities.setCapability(NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING, !isRoaming);
-        capabilities.addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        capabilities.addTransportType(transport);
+        if (legacyType == TYPE_TEST && !TextUtils.isEmpty(wifiNetworkKey)) {
+            capabilities.setNetworkSpecifier(new TestNetworkSpecifier(wifiNetworkKey));
+        }
         return new NetworkStateSnapshot(
-                MOBILE_NETWORK, capabilities, prop, subscriberId, TYPE_MOBILE);
+                MOBILE_NETWORK, capabilities, prop, subscriberId, legacyType);
     }
 
     private NetworkStats buildEmptyStats() {
@@ -1966,13 +2430,13 @@
 
         mAppUidStatsMap.insertEntry(new UidStatsMapKey(uid), new StatsMapValue(10, 10000, 6, 6000));
 
-        mUidCounterSetMap.insertEntry(new U32(uid), new U8((short) 1));
+        mUidCounterSetMap.insertEntry(new S32(uid), new U8((short) 1));
 
         assertTrue(cookieTagMapContainsUid(uid));
         assertTrue(statsMapContainsUid(mStatsMapA, uid));
         assertTrue(statsMapContainsUid(mStatsMapB, uid));
         assertTrue(mAppUidStatsMap.containsKey(new UidStatsMapKey(uid)));
-        assertTrue(mUidCounterSetMap.containsKey(new U32(uid)));
+        assertTrue(mUidCounterSetMap.containsKey(new S32(uid)));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -1989,13 +2453,130 @@
         assertFalse(statsMapContainsUid(mStatsMapA, UID_BLUE));
         assertFalse(statsMapContainsUid(mStatsMapB, UID_BLUE));
         assertFalse(mAppUidStatsMap.containsKey(new UidStatsMapKey(UID_BLUE)));
-        assertFalse(mUidCounterSetMap.containsKey(new U32(UID_BLUE)));
+        assertFalse(mUidCounterSetMap.containsKey(new S32(UID_BLUE)));
 
         // assert that UID_RED related tag data is still in the maps.
         assertTrue(cookieTagMapContainsUid(UID_RED));
         assertTrue(statsMapContainsUid(mStatsMapA, UID_RED));
         assertTrue(statsMapContainsUid(mStatsMapB, UID_RED));
         assertTrue(mAppUidStatsMap.containsKey(new UidStatsMapKey(UID_RED)));
-        assertTrue(mUidCounterSetMap.containsKey(new U32(UID_RED)));
+        assertTrue(mUidCounterSetMap.containsKey(new S32(UID_RED)));
+    }
+
+    private void assertDumpContains(final String dump, final String message) {
+        assertTrue(String.format("dump(%s) does not contain '%s'", dump, message),
+                dump.contains(message));
+    }
+
+    private String getDump(final String[] args) {
+        final StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
+        mService.dump(new FileDescriptor(), new PrintWriter(sw), args);
+        return sw.toString();
+    }
+
+    private String getDump() {
+        return getDump(new String[]{});
+    }
+
+    private <K extends Struct, V extends Struct> Map<K, V> parseBpfRawMap(
+            Class<K> keyClass, Class<V> valueClass, String dumpStr) {
+        final HashMap<K, V> map = new HashMap<>();
+        for (final String line : dumpStr.split(LINE_DELIMITER)) {
+            final Pair<K, V> keyValue =
+                    BpfDump.fromBase64EncodedString(keyClass, valueClass, line.trim());
+            map.put(keyValue.first, keyValue.second);
+        }
+        return map;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDumpCookieTagMap() throws ErrnoException {
+        initBpfMapsWithTagData(UID_BLUE);
+
+        final String dump = getDump();
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "mCookieTagMap: OK");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "cookie=2002 tag=0x1 uid=1002");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "cookie=3002 tag=0x2 uid=1002");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDumpCookieTagMapBpfRawMap() throws ErrnoException {
+        initBpfMapsWithTagData(UID_BLUE);
+
+        final String dump = getDump(new String[]{DUMPSYS_BPF_RAW_MAP, DUMPSYS_COOKIE_TAG_MAP});
+        Map<CookieTagMapKey, CookieTagMapValue> cookieTagMap = parseBpfRawMap(
+                CookieTagMapKey.class, CookieTagMapValue.class, dump);
+
+        final CookieTagMapValue val1 = cookieTagMap.get(new CookieTagMapKey(2002));
+        assertEquals(1, val1.tag);
+        assertEquals(1002, val1.uid);
+
+        final CookieTagMapValue val2 = cookieTagMap.get(new CookieTagMapKey(3002));
+        assertEquals(2, val2.tag);
+        assertEquals(1002, val2.uid);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDumpUidCounterSetMap() throws ErrnoException {
+        initBpfMapsWithTagData(UID_BLUE);
+
+        final String dump = getDump();
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "mUidCounterSetMap: OK");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "uid=1002 set=1");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAppUidStatsMap() throws ErrnoException {
+        initBpfMapsWithTagData(UID_BLUE);
+
+        final String dump = getDump();
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "mAppUidStatsMap: OK");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "uid rxBytes rxPackets txBytes txPackets");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "1002 10000 10 6000 6");
+    }
+
+    private void doTestDumpStatsMap(final String expectedIfaceName) throws ErrnoException {
+        initBpfMapsWithTagData(UID_BLUE);
+
+        final String dump = getDump();
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "mStatsMapA: OK");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "mStatsMapB: OK");
+        assertDumpContains(dump,
+                "ifaceIndex ifaceName tag_hex uid_int cnt_set rxBytes rxPackets txBytes txPackets");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "10 " + expectedIfaceName + " 0x2 1002 0 5000 5 3000 3");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "10 " + expectedIfaceName + " 0x1 1002 0 5000 5 3000 3");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDumpStatsMap() throws ErrnoException {
+        doReturn("wlan0").when(mBpfInterfaceMapUpdater).getIfNameByIndex(10 /* index */);
+        doTestDumpStatsMap("wlan0");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDumpStatsMapUnknownInterface() throws ErrnoException {
+        doReturn(null).when(mBpfInterfaceMapUpdater).getIfNameByIndex(10 /* index */);
+        doTestDumpStatsMap("unknown");
+    }
+
+    void doTestDumpIfaceStatsMap(final String expectedIfaceName) throws Exception {
+        mIfaceStatsMap.insertEntry(new S32(10), new StatsMapValue(3, 3000, 3, 3000));
+
+        final String dump = getDump();
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "mIfaceStatsMap: OK");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "ifaceIndex ifaceName rxBytes rxPackets txBytes txPackets");
+        assertDumpContains(dump, "10 " + expectedIfaceName + " 3000 3 3000 3");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDumpIfaceStatsMap() throws Exception {
+        doReturn("wlan0").when(mBpfInterfaceMapUpdater).getIfNameByIndex(10 /* index */);
+        doTestDumpIfaceStatsMap("wlan0");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDumpIfaceStatsMapUnknownInterface() throws Exception {
+        doReturn(null).when(mBpfInterfaceMapUpdater).getIfNameByIndex(10 /* index */);
+        doTestDumpIfaceStatsMap("unknown");
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsSubscriptionsMonitorTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsSubscriptionsMonitorTest.java
index 0d34609..622f2be 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsSubscriptionsMonitorTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsSubscriptionsMonitorTest.java
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 import static android.telephony.TelephonyDisplayInfo.OVERRIDE_NETWORK_TYPE_NONE;
 import static android.telephony.TelephonyDisplayInfo.OVERRIDE_NETWORK_TYPE_NR_NSA;
 
+import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
+
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
@@ -37,7 +39,6 @@
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager;
 import android.content.Context;
-import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Looper;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.telephony.SubscriptionManager;
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
-@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
+@DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
 public final class NetworkStatsSubscriptionsMonitorTest {
     private static final int TEST_SUBID1 = 3;
     private static final int TEST_SUBID2 = 5;
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/PersistentIntTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/PersistentIntTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9268352
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/PersistentIntTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.net
+
+import android.util.SystemConfigFileCommitEventLogger
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo
+import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
+import com.android.testutils.SC_V2
+import com.android.testutils.assertThrows
+import org.junit.After
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import java.io.File
+import java.io.IOException
+import java.nio.file.Files
+import java.nio.file.Path
+import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission
+import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission.OWNER_EXECUTE
+import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission.OWNER_READ
+import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission.OWNER_WRITE
+import java.util.Random
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+
+@RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
+@IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
+class PersistentIntTest {
+    val tempFilesCreated = mutableSetOf<Path>()
+    lateinit var tempDir: Path
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        tempDir = Files.createTempDirectory("tmp.PersistentIntTest.")
+    }
+
+    @After
+    fun tearDown() {
+        var permissions = setOf(OWNER_READ, OWNER_WRITE, OWNER_EXECUTE)
+        Files.setPosixFilePermissions(tempDir, permissions)
+
+        for (file in tempFilesCreated) {
+            Files.deleteIfExists(file)
+        }
+        Files.delete(tempDir)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testNormalReadWrite() {
+        // New, initialized to 0.
+        val pi = createPersistentInt()
+        assertEquals(0, pi.get())
+        pi.set(12345)
+        assertEquals(12345, pi.get())
+
+        // Existing.
+        val pi2 = createPersistentInt(pathOf(pi))
+        assertEquals(12345, pi2.get())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testReadOrWriteFailsInCreate() {
+        setWritable(tempDir, false)
+        assertThrows(IOException::class.java) {
+            createPersistentInt()
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testReadOrWriteFailsAfterCreate() {
+        val pi = createPersistentInt()
+        pi.set(42)
+        assertEquals(42, pi.get())
+
+        val path = pathOf(pi)
+        setReadable(path, false)
+        assertThrows(IOException::class.java) { pi.get() }
+        pi.set(77)
+
+        setReadable(path, true)
+        setWritable(path, false)
+        setWritable(tempDir, false) // Writing creates a new file+renames, make this fail.
+        assertThrows(IOException::class.java) { pi.set(99) }
+        assertEquals(77, pi.get())
+    }
+
+    fun addOrRemovePermission(p: Path, permission: PosixFilePermission, add: Boolean) {
+        val permissions = Files.getPosixFilePermissions(p)
+        if (add) {
+            permissions.add(permission)
+        } else {
+            permissions.remove(permission)
+        }
+        Files.setPosixFilePermissions(p, permissions)
+    }
+
+    fun setReadable(p: Path, readable: Boolean) {
+        addOrRemovePermission(p, OWNER_READ, readable)
+    }
+
+    fun setWritable(p: Path, writable: Boolean) {
+        addOrRemovePermission(p, OWNER_WRITE, writable)
+    }
+
+    fun pathOf(pi: PersistentInt): Path {
+        return File(pi.path).toPath()
+    }
+
+    fun createPersistentInt(path: Path = randomTempPath()): PersistentInt {
+        tempFilesCreated.add(path)
+        return PersistentInt(path.toString(),
+                SystemConfigFileCommitEventLogger("PersistentIntTest"))
+    }
+
+    fun randomTempPath(): Path {
+        return tempDir.resolve(Integer.toHexString(Random().nextInt())).also {
+            tempFilesCreated.add(it)
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_iface_fmt_typical b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_iface_fmt_typical
deleted file mode 100644
index 656d5bb..0000000
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_iface_fmt_typical
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-ifname total_skb_rx_bytes total_skb_rx_packets total_skb_tx_bytes total_skb_tx_packets
-rmnet2 4968 35 3081 39
-rmnet1 11153922 8051 190226 2468
-rmnet0 6824 16 5692 10
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_iface_typical b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_iface_typical
deleted file mode 100644
index 610723a..0000000
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_iface_typical
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-rmnet3 1 0 0 0 0 20822 501 1149991 815
-rmnet2 1 0 0 0 0 1594 15 1313 15
-rmnet1 1 0 0 0 0 207398 458 166918 565
-rmnet0 1 0 0 0 0 2112 24 700 10
-test1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
-test2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_incorrect_iface b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_incorrect_iface
index fc92715..8b75565 100644
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_incorrect_iface
+++ b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_incorrect_iface
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 idx iface acct_tag_hex uid_tag_int cnt_set rx_bytes rx_packets tx_bytes tx_packets rx_tcp_bytes rx_tcp_packets rx_udp_bytes rx_udp_packets rx_other_bytes rx_other_packets tx_tcp_bytes tx_tcp_packets tx_udp_bytes tx_udp_packets tx_other_bytes tx_other_packets
 2 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1001 0 1000 100 1000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-3 test1 0x0 1004 0 1100 100 1100 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
\ No newline at end of file
+3 test1 0x0 1004 0 1100 100 1100 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying
index 1ef1889..2b7cce1 100644
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying
+++ b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 2 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1001 0 2000 200 1000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 3 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1002 0 1000 100 500 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 4 test0 0x0 1004 0 3300 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-5 test0 0x0 1004 1 0 0 1650 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
\ No newline at end of file
+5 test0 0x0 1004 1 0 0 1650 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_compression b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_compression
index 6d6bf55..2028910 100644
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_compression
+++ b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_compression
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 idx iface acct_tag_hex uid_tag_int cnt_set rx_bytes rx_packets tx_bytes tx_packets rx_tcp_bytes rx_tcp_packets rx_udp_bytes rx_udp_packets rx_other_bytes rx_other_packets tx_tcp_bytes tx_tcp_packets tx_udp_bytes tx_udp_packets tx_other_bytes tx_other_packets
 2 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1001 0 1000 100 1000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 3 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1002 0 3000 300 3000 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-4 test0 0x0 1004 0 1000 100 1000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
\ No newline at end of file
+4 test0 0x0 1004 0 1000 100 1000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_own_traffic b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_own_traffic
index 2c2e5d2..602f8ec 100644
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_own_traffic
+++ b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_own_traffic
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
 3 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1002 0 1000 100 500 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 4 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1004 0 5000 500 6000 600 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 5 test0 0x0 1004 0 8800 800 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-6 test0 0x0 1004 1 0 0 8250 750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
\ No newline at end of file
+6 test0 0x0 1004 1 0 0 8250 750 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_two_vpn b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_two_vpn
index eb0513b..dbe05f0 100644
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_two_vpn
+++ b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_one_underlying_two_vpn
@@ -6,4 +6,4 @@
 6 test0 0x0 1004 0 3300 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 7 test0 0x0 1004 1 0 0 1650 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 8 test1 0x0 1004 0 3850 350 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-9 test1 0x0 1004 1 0 0 1045 95 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
\ No newline at end of file
+9 test1 0x0 1004 1 0 0 1045 95 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_rewrite_through_self b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_rewrite_through_self
index afcdd71..a84a0fe 100644
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_rewrite_through_self
+++ b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_rewrite_through_self
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
 3 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1002 0 1000 100 500 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 4 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1004 0 0 0 1600 160 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 5 test0 0x0 1004 1 0 0 1760 176 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-6 test0 0x0 1004 0 3300 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
\ No newline at end of file
+6 test0 0x0 1004 0 3300 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_duplication b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_duplication
index d7c7eb9..7a53bc5 100644
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_duplication
+++ b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_duplication
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 2 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1001 0 1000 100 1000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 3 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1002 0 1000 100 1000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 4 test0 0x0 1004 0 2200 200 2200 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-5 test1 0x0 1004 0 2200 200 2200 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
\ No newline at end of file
+5 test1 0x0 1004 0 2200 200 2200 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split
index 38a3dce..0e4c1b9 100644
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split
+++ b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 idx iface acct_tag_hex uid_tag_int cnt_set rx_bytes rx_packets tx_bytes tx_packets rx_tcp_bytes rx_tcp_packets rx_udp_bytes rx_udp_packets rx_other_bytes rx_other_packets tx_tcp_bytes tx_tcp_packets tx_udp_bytes tx_udp_packets tx_other_bytes tx_other_packets
 2 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1001 0 500 50 1000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 3 test0 0x0 1004 0 330 30 660 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-4 test1 0x0 1004 0 220 20 440 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
\ No newline at end of file
+4 test1 0x0 1004 0 220 20 440 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split_compression b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split_compression
index d35244b..00a1b65 100644
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split_compression
+++ b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_two_underlying_split_compression
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 idx iface acct_tag_hex uid_tag_int cnt_set rx_bytes rx_packets tx_bytes tx_packets rx_tcp_bytes rx_tcp_packets rx_udp_bytes rx_udp_packets rx_other_bytes rx_other_packets tx_tcp_bytes tx_tcp_packets tx_udp_bytes tx_udp_packets tx_other_bytes tx_other_packets
 2 test_nss_tun0 0x0 1001 0 1000 100 1000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 3 test0 0x0 1004 0 600 60 600 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-4 test1 0x0 1004 0 200 20 200 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
\ No newline at end of file
+4 test1 0x0 1004 0 200 20 200 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_with_clat b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_with_clat
index 0d893d5..88770a7 100644
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_with_clat
+++ b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_vpn_with_clat
@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@
 5 v4-test0 0x0 1004 1 0 0 1650 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 6 test0 0x0 0 0 9300 300 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 7 test0 0x0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-8 test0 0x0 1029 0 0 0 4650 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
\ No newline at end of file
+8 test0 0x0 1029 0 0 0 4650 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_after b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_after
deleted file mode 100644
index 12d98ca..0000000
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_after
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,189 +0,0 @@
-idx iface acct_tag_hex uid_tag_int cnt_set rx_bytes rx_packets tx_bytes tx_packets rx_tcp_bytes rx_tcp_packets rx_udp_bytes rx_udp_packets rx_other_bytes rx_other_packets tx_tcp_bytes tx_tcp_packets tx_udp_bytes tx_udp_packets tx_other_bytes tx_other_packets
-2 r_rmnet_data0 0x0 0 0 0 0 392 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 392 6
-3 r_rmnet_data0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-4 v4-wlan0 0x0 0 0 58952 2072 2888 65 264 6 0 0 58688 2066 132 3 0 0 2756 62
-5 v4-wlan0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-6 v4-wlan0 0x0 10034 0 6192 11 1445 11 6192 11 0 0 0 0 1445 11 0 0 0 0
-7 v4-wlan0 0x0 10034 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-8 v4-wlan0 0x0 10057 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-9 v4-wlan0 0x0 10057 1 728 7 392 7 0 0 728 7 0 0 0 0 392 7 0 0
-10 v4-wlan0 0x0 10106 0 2232 18 2232 18 0 0 2232 18 0 0 0 0 2232 18 0 0
-11 v4-wlan0 0x0 10106 1 432952718 314238 5442288 121260 432950238 314218 2480 20 0 0 5433900 121029 8388 231 0 0
-12 wlan0 0x0 0 0 330187296 250652 0 0 329106990 236273 226202 1255 854104 13124 0 0 0 0 0 0
-13 wlan0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-14 wlan0 0x0 1000 0 77113 272 56151 575 77113 272 0 0 0 0 19191 190 36960 385 0 0
-15 wlan0 0x0 1000 1 20227 80 8356 72 18539 74 1688 6 0 0 7562 66 794 6 0 0
-16 wlan0 0x0 10006 0 80755 92 9122 99 80755 92 0 0 0 0 9122 99 0 0 0 0
-17 wlan0 0x0 10006 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-18 wlan0 0x0 10015 0 4390 7 14824 252 4390 7 0 0 0 0 14824 252 0 0 0 0
-19 wlan0 0x0 10015 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-20 wlan0 0x0 10018 0 4928 11 1741 14 4928 11 0 0 0 0 1741 14 0 0 0 0
-21 wlan0 0x0 10018 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-22 wlan0 0x0 10020 0 21163552 34395 2351650 15326 21162947 34390 605 5 0 0 2351045 15321 605 5 0 0
-23 wlan0 0x0 10020 1 13835740 12938 1548795 6365 13833754 12920 1986 18 0 0 1546809 6347 1986 18 0 0
-24 wlan0 0x0 10023 0 13405 40 5042 44 13405 40 0 0 0 0 5042 44 0 0 0 0
-25 wlan0 0x0 10023 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-26 wlan0 0x0 10034 0 436394741 342648 6237981 80442 436394741 342648 0 0 0 0 6237981 80442 0 0 0 0
-27 wlan0 0x0 10034 1 64860872 51297 1335539 15546 64860872 51297 0 0 0 0 1335539 15546 0 0 0 0
-28 wlan0 0x0 10044 0 17614444 14774 521004 5694 17329882 14432 284562 342 0 0 419974 5408 101030 286 0 0
-29 wlan0 0x0 10044 1 17701 33 3100 28 17701 33 0 0 0 0 3100 28 0 0 0 0
-30 wlan0 0x0 10057 0 12312074 9339 436098 5450 12248060 9263 64014 76 0 0 414224 5388 21874 62 0 0
-31 wlan0 0x0 10057 1 1332953195 954797 31849632 457698 1331933207 953569 1019988 1228 0 0 31702284 456899 147348 799 0 0
-32 wlan0 0x0 10060 0 32972 200 433705 380 32972 200 0 0 0 0 433705 380 0 0 0 0
-33 wlan0 0x0 10060 1 32106 66 37789 87 32106 66 0 0 0 0 37789 87 0 0 0 0
-34 wlan0 0x0 10061 0 7675 23 2509 22 7675 23 0 0 0 0 2509 22 0 0 0 0
-35 wlan0 0x0 10061 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-36 wlan0 0x0 10074 0 38355 82 10447 97 38355 82 0 0 0 0 10447 97 0 0 0 0
-37 wlan0 0x0 10074 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-38 wlan0 0x0 10078 0 49013 79 7167 69 49013 79 0 0 0 0 7167 69 0 0 0 0
-39 wlan0 0x0 10078 1 5872 8 1236 10 5872 8 0 0 0 0 1236 10 0 0 0 0
-40 wlan0 0x0 10082 0 8301 13 1981 15 8301 13 0 0 0 0 1981 15 0 0 0 0
-41 wlan0 0x0 10082 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-42 wlan0 0x0 10086 0 7001 14 1579 15 7001 14 0 0 0 0 1579 15 0 0 0 0
-43 wlan0 0x0 10086 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-44 wlan0 0x0 10090 0 24327795 20224 920502 14661 24327795 20224 0 0 0 0 920502 14661 0 0 0 0
-45 wlan0 0x0 10090 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-46 wlan0 0x0 10092 0 36849 78 12449 81 36849 78 0 0 0 0 12449 81 0 0 0 0
-47 wlan0 0x0 10092 1 60 1 103 1 60 1 0 0 0 0 103 1 0 0 0 0
-48 wlan0 0x0 10095 0 131962 223 37069 241 131962 223 0 0 0 0 37069 241 0 0 0 0
-49 wlan0 0x0 10095 1 12949 21 3930 21 12949 21 0 0 0 0 3930 21 0 0 0 0
-50 wlan0 0x0 10106 0 30899554 22679 632476 12296 30895334 22645 4220 34 0 0 628256 12262 4220 34 0 0
-51 wlan0 0x0 10106 1 88923475 64963 1606962 35612 88917201 64886 3586 29 2688 48 1602032 35535 4930 77 0 0
-52 wlan0 0x40700000000 10020 0 705732 10589 404428 5504 705732 10589 0 0 0 0 404428 5504 0 0 0 0
-53 wlan0 0x40700000000 10020 1 2376 36 1296 18 2376 36 0 0 0 0 1296 18 0 0 0 0
-54 wlan0 0x40800000000 10020 0 34624 146 122525 160 34624 146 0 0 0 0 122525 160 0 0 0 0
-55 wlan0 0x40800000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-56 wlan0 0x40b00000000 10020 0 22411 85 7364 57 22411 85 0 0 0 0 7364 57 0 0 0 0
-57 wlan0 0x40b00000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-58 wlan0 0x120300000000 10020 0 76641 241 32783 169 76641 241 0 0 0 0 32783 169 0 0 0 0
-59 wlan0 0x120300000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-60 wlan0 0x130100000000 10020 0 73101 287 23236 203 73101 287 0 0 0 0 23236 203 0 0 0 0
-61 wlan0 0x130100000000 10020 1 264 4 144 2 264 4 0 0 0 0 144 2 0 0 0 0
-62 wlan0 0x180300000000 10020 0 330648 399 24736 232 330648 399 0 0 0 0 24736 232 0 0 0 0
-63 wlan0 0x180300000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-64 wlan0 0x180400000000 10020 0 21865 59 5022 42 21865 59 0 0 0 0 5022 42 0 0 0 0
-65 wlan0 0x180400000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-66 wlan0 0x300000000000 10020 0 15984 65 26927 57 15984 65 0 0 0 0 26927 57 0 0 0 0
-67 wlan0 0x300000000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-68 wlan0 0x1065fff00000000 10020 0 131871 599 93783 445 131871 599 0 0 0 0 93783 445 0 0 0 0
-69 wlan0 0x1065fff00000000 10020 1 264 4 144 2 264 4 0 0 0 0 144 2 0 0 0 0
-70 wlan0 0x1b24f4600000000 10034 0 15445 42 23329 45 15445 42 0 0 0 0 23329 45 0 0 0 0
-71 wlan0 0x1b24f4600000000 10034 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-72 wlan0 0x1000010000000000 10020 0 5542 9 1364 10 5542 9 0 0 0 0 1364 10 0 0 0 0
-73 wlan0 0x1000010000000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-74 wlan0 0x1000040100000000 10020 0 47196 184 213319 257 47196 184 0 0 0 0 213319 257 0 0 0 0
-75 wlan0 0x1000040100000000 10020 1 60 1 103 1 60 1 0 0 0 0 103 1 0 0 0 0
-76 wlan0 0x1000040700000000 10020 0 11599 50 10786 47 11599 50 0 0 0 0 10786 47 0 0 0 0
-77 wlan0 0x1000040700000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-78 wlan0 0x1000040800000000 10020 0 21902 145 174139 166 21902 145 0 0 0 0 174139 166 0 0 0 0
-79 wlan0 0x1000040800000000 10020 1 8568 88 105743 90 8568 88 0 0 0 0 105743 90 0 0 0 0
-80 wlan0 0x1000100300000000 10020 0 55213 118 194551 199 55213 118 0 0 0 0 194551 199 0 0 0 0
-81 wlan0 0x1000100300000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-82 wlan0 0x1000120300000000 10020 0 50826 74 21153 70 50826 74 0 0 0 0 21153 70 0 0 0 0
-83 wlan0 0x1000120300000000 10020 1 72 1 175 2 72 1 0 0 0 0 175 2 0 0 0 0
-84 wlan0 0x1000180300000000 10020 0 744198 657 65437 592 744198 657 0 0 0 0 65437 592 0 0 0 0
-85 wlan0 0x1000180300000000 10020 1 144719 132 10989 108 144719 132 0 0 0 0 10989 108 0 0 0 0
-86 wlan0 0x1000180600000000 10020 0 4599 8 1928 10 4599 8 0 0 0 0 1928 10 0 0 0 0
-87 wlan0 0x1000180600000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-88 wlan0 0x1000250000000000 10020 0 57740 98 13076 88 57740 98 0 0 0 0 13076 88 0 0 0 0
-89 wlan0 0x1000250000000000 10020 1 328 3 414 4 207 2 121 1 0 0 293 3 121 1 0 0
-90 wlan0 0x1000300000000000 10020 0 7675 30 31331 32 7675 30 0 0 0 0 31331 32 0 0 0 0
-91 wlan0 0x1000300000000000 10020 1 30173 97 101335 100 30173 97 0 0 0 0 101335 100 0 0 0 0
-92 wlan0 0x1000310200000000 10020 0 1681 9 2194 9 1681 9 0 0 0 0 2194 9 0 0 0 0
-93 wlan0 0x1000310200000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-94 wlan0 0x1000360000000000 10020 0 5606 20 2831 20 5606 20 0 0 0 0 2831 20 0 0 0 0
-95 wlan0 0x1000360000000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-96 wlan0 0x11065fff00000000 10020 0 18363 91 83367 104 18363 91 0 0 0 0 83367 104 0 0 0 0
-97 wlan0 0x11065fff00000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-98 wlan0 0x3000009600000000 10020 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-99 wlan0 0x3000009600000000 10020 1 6163 18 2424 18 6163 18 0 0 0 0 2424 18 0 0 0 0
-100 wlan0 0x3000009800000000 10020 0 23337 46 8723 39 23337 46 0 0 0 0 8723 39 0 0 0 0
-101 wlan0 0x3000009800000000 10020 1 33744 93 72437 89 33744 93 0 0 0 0 72437 89 0 0 0 0
-102 wlan0 0x3000020000000000 10020 0 4124 11 8969 19 4124 11 0 0 0 0 8969 19 0 0 0 0
-103 wlan0 0x3000020000000000 10020 1 5993 11 3815 14 5993 11 0 0 0 0 3815 14 0 0 0 0
-104 wlan0 0x3000040100000000 10020 0 113809 342 135666 308 113809 342 0 0 0 0 135666 308 0 0 0 0
-105 wlan0 0x3000040100000000 10020 1 142508 642 500579 637 142508 642 0 0 0 0 500579 637 0 0 0 0
-106 wlan0 0x3000040700000000 10020 0 365815 5119 213340 2733 365815 5119 0 0 0 0 213340 2733 0 0 0 0
-107 wlan0 0x3000040700000000 10020 1 30747 130 18408 100 30747 130 0 0 0 0 18408 100 0 0 0 0
-108 wlan0 0x3000040800000000 10020 0 34672 112 68623 92 34672 112 0 0 0 0 68623 92 0 0 0 0
-109 wlan0 0x3000040800000000 10020 1 78443 199 140944 192 78443 199 0 0 0 0 140944 192 0 0 0 0
-110 wlan0 0x3000040b00000000 10020 0 14949 33 4017 26 14949 33 0 0 0 0 4017 26 0 0 0 0
-111 wlan0 0x3000040b00000000 10020 1 996 15 576 8 996 15 0 0 0 0 576 8 0 0 0 0
-112 wlan0 0x3000090000000000 10020 0 11826 67 7309 52 11826 67 0 0 0 0 7309 52 0 0 0 0
-113 wlan0 0x3000090000000000 10020 1 24805 41 4785 41 24805 41 0 0 0 0 4785 41 0 0 0 0
-114 wlan0 0x3000100300000000 10020 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-115 wlan0 0x3000100300000000 10020 1 3112 10 1628 10 3112 10 0 0 0 0 1628 10 0 0 0 0
-116 wlan0 0x3000120300000000 10020 0 38249 107 20374 85 38249 107 0 0 0 0 20374 85 0 0 0 0
-117 wlan0 0x3000120300000000 10020 1 122581 174 36792 143 122581 174 0 0 0 0 36792 143 0 0 0 0
-118 wlan0 0x3000130100000000 10020 0 2700 41 1524 21 2700 41 0 0 0 0 1524 21 0 0 0 0
-119 wlan0 0x3000130100000000 10020 1 22515 59 8366 52 22515 59 0 0 0 0 8366 52 0 0 0 0
-120 wlan0 0x3000180200000000 10020 0 6411 18 14511 20 6411 18 0 0 0 0 14511 20 0 0 0 0
-121 wlan0 0x3000180200000000 10020 1 336 5 319 4 336 5 0 0 0 0 319 4 0 0 0 0
-122 wlan0 0x3000180300000000 10020 0 129301 136 17622 97 129301 136 0 0 0 0 17622 97 0 0 0 0
-123 wlan0 0x3000180300000000 10020 1 464787 429 41703 336 464787 429 0 0 0 0 41703 336 0 0 0 0
-124 wlan0 0x3000180400000000 10020 0 11014 39 2787 25 11014 39 0 0 0 0 2787 25 0 0 0 0
-125 wlan0 0x3000180400000000 10020 1 144040 139 7540 80 144040 139 0 0 0 0 7540 80 0 0 0 0
-126 wlan0 0x3000210100000000 10020 0 10278 44 4579 33 10278 44 0 0 0 0 4579 33 0 0 0 0
-127 wlan0 0x3000210100000000 10020 1 31151 73 14159 47 31151 73 0 0 0 0 14159 47 0 0 0 0
-128 wlan0 0x3000250000000000 10020 0 132 2 72 1 132 2 0 0 0 0 72 1 0 0 0 0
-129 wlan0 0x3000250000000000 10020 1 76614 143 17711 130 76080 137 534 6 0 0 17177 124 534 6 0 0
-130 wlan0 0x3000260100000000 10020 0 9426 26 3535 20 9426 26 0 0 0 0 3535 20 0 0 0 0
-131 wlan0 0x3000260100000000 10020 1 468 7 288 4 468 7 0 0 0 0 288 4 0 0 0 0
-132 wlan0 0x3000300000000000 10020 0 7241 29 12055 26 7241 29 0 0 0 0 12055 26 0 0 0 0
-133 wlan0 0x3000300000000000 10020 1 3273 23 11232 21 3273 23 0 0 0 0 11232 21 0 0 0 0
-134 wlan0 0x3000310000000000 10020 0 132 2 72 1 132 2 0 0 0 0 72 1 0 0 0 0
-135 wlan0 0x3000310000000000 10020 1 53425 64 8721 62 53425 64 0 0 0 0 8721 62 0 0 0 0
-136 wlan0 0x3000310500000000 10020 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-137 wlan0 0x3000310500000000 10020 1 9929 16 3879 18 9929 16 0 0 0 0 3879 18 0 0 0 0
-138 wlan0 0x3000320100000000 10020 0 6844 14 3745 13 6844 14 0 0 0 0 3745 13 0 0 0 0
-139 wlan0 0x3000320100000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-140 wlan0 0x3000360000000000 10020 0 8855 43 4749 31 8855 43 0 0 0 0 4749 31 0 0 0 0
-141 wlan0 0x3000360000000000 10020 1 5597 19 2456 19 5597 19 0 0 0 0 2456 19 0 0 0 0
-142 wlan0 0x3010000000000000 10090 0 605140 527 38435 429 605140 527 0 0 0 0 38435 429 0 0 0 0
-143 wlan0 0x3010000000000000 10090 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-144 wlan0 0x31065fff00000000 10020 0 22011 67 29665 64 22011 67 0 0 0 0 29665 64 0 0 0 0
-145 wlan0 0x31065fff00000000 10020 1 10695 34 18347 35 10695 34 0 0 0 0 18347 35 0 0 0 0
-146 wlan0 0x32e544f900000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-147 wlan0 0x32e544f900000000 10034 1 40143 54 7299 61 40143 54 0 0 0 0 7299 61 0 0 0 0
-148 wlan0 0x58872a4400000000 10018 0 4928 11 1669 13 4928 11 0 0 0 0 1669 13 0 0 0 0
-149 wlan0 0x58872a4400000000 10018 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-150 wlan0 0x5caeaa7b00000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-151 wlan0 0x5caeaa7b00000000 10034 1 74971 73 7103 75 74971 73 0 0 0 0 7103 75 0 0 0 0
-152 wlan0 0x9e00923800000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-153 wlan0 0x9e00923800000000 10034 1 72385 98 13072 110 72385 98 0 0 0 0 13072 110 0 0 0 0
-154 wlan0 0xb972bdd400000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-155 wlan0 0xb972bdd400000000 10034 1 15282 24 3034 27 15282 24 0 0 0 0 3034 27 0 0 0 0
-156 wlan0 0xc7c9f7ba00000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-157 wlan0 0xc7c9f7ba00000000 10034 1 194915 185 13316 138 194915 185 0 0 0 0 13316 138 0 0 0 0
-158 wlan0 0xc9395b2600000000 10034 0 6991 13 6215 14 6991 13 0 0 0 0 6215 14 0 0 0 0
-159 wlan0 0xc9395b2600000000 10034 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-160 wlan0 0xdaddf21100000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-161 wlan0 0xdaddf21100000000 10034 1 928676 849 81570 799 928676 849 0 0 0 0 81570 799 0 0 0 0
-162 wlan0 0xe8d195d100000000 10020 0 516 8 288 4 516 8 0 0 0 0 288 4 0 0 0 0
-163 wlan0 0xe8d195d100000000 10020 1 5905 15 2622 15 5905 15 0 0 0 0 2622 15 0 0 0 0
-164 wlan0 0xe8d195d100000000 10034 0 236640 524 312523 555 236640 524 0 0 0 0 312523 555 0 0 0 0
-165 wlan0 0xe8d195d100000000 10034 1 319028 539 188776 553 319028 539 0 0 0 0 188776 553 0 0 0 0
-166 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10006 0 80755 92 9122 99 80755 92 0 0 0 0 9122 99 0 0 0 0
-167 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10006 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-168 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10020 0 17874405 14068 223987 3065 17874405 14068 0 0 0 0 223987 3065 0 0 0 0
-169 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10020 1 11011258 8672 177693 2407 11011258 8672 0 0 0 0 177693 2407 0 0 0 0
-170 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10034 0 436062595 341880 5843990 79630 436062595 341880 0 0 0 0 5843990 79630 0 0 0 0
-171 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10034 1 63201220 49447 1005882 13713 63201220 49447 0 0 0 0 1005882 13713 0 0 0 0
-172 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10044 0 17159287 13702 356212 4778 17159287 13702 0 0 0 0 356212 4778 0 0 0 0
-173 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10044 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-174 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10078 0 10439 17 1665 15 10439 17 0 0 0 0 1665 15 0 0 0 0
-175 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10078 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-176 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10090 0 23722655 19697 881995 14231 23722655 19697 0 0 0 0 881995 14231 0 0 0 0
-177 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10090 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-178 wlan0 0xffffff0500000000 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-179 wlan0 0xffffff0500000000 1000 1 1592 5 314 1 0 0 1592 5 0 0 0 0 314 1 0 0
-180 wlan0 0xffffff0600000000 1000 0 0 0 36960 385 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36960 385 0 0
-181 wlan0 0xffffff0600000000 1000 1 96 1 480 5 0 0 96 1 0 0 0 0 480 5 0 0
-182 wlan0 0xffffff0700000000 1000 0 38732 229 16567 163 38732 229 0 0 0 0 16567 163 0 0 0 0
-183 wlan0 0xffffff0700000000 1000 1 18539 74 7562 66 18539 74 0 0 0 0 7562 66 0 0 0 0
-184 wlan0 0xffffff0900000000 1000 0 38381 43 2624 27 38381 43 0 0 0 0 2624 27 0 0 0 0
-185 wlan0 0xffffff0900000000 1000 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-186 dummy0 0x0 0 0 0 0 168 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 168 3
-187 dummy0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-188 wlan0 0x0 1029 0 0 0 8524052 130894 0 0 0 0 0 0 7871216 121284 108568 1325 544268 8285
-189 wlan0 0x0 1029 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_before b/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_before
deleted file mode 100644
index ce4bcc3..0000000
--- a/tests/unit/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_before
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,187 +0,0 @@
-idx iface acct_tag_hex uid_tag_int cnt_set rx_bytes rx_packets tx_bytes tx_packets rx_tcp_bytes rx_tcp_packets rx_udp_bytes rx_udp_packets rx_other_bytes rx_other_packets tx_tcp_bytes tx_tcp_packets tx_udp_bytes tx_udp_packets tx_other_bytes tx_other_packets
-2 r_rmnet_data0 0x0 0 0 0 0 392 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 392 6
-3 r_rmnet_data0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-4 v4-wlan0 0x0 0 0 58848 2070 2836 64 160 4 0 0 58688 2066 80 2 0 0 2756 62
-5 v4-wlan0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-6 v4-wlan0 0x0 10034 0 6192 11 1445 11 6192 11 0 0 0 0 1445 11 0 0 0 0
-7 v4-wlan0 0x0 10034 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-8 v4-wlan0 0x0 10057 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-9 v4-wlan0 0x0 10057 1 728 7 392 7 0 0 728 7 0 0 0 0 392 7 0 0
-10 v4-wlan0 0x0 10106 0 1488 12 1488 12 0 0 1488 12 0 0 0 0 1488 12 0 0
-11 v4-wlan0 0x0 10106 1 323981189 235142 3509032 84542 323979453 235128 1736 14 0 0 3502676 84363 6356 179 0 0
-12 wlan0 0x0 0 0 330187296 250652 0 0 329106990 236273 226202 1255 854104 13124 0 0 0 0 0 0
-13 wlan0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-14 wlan0 0x0 1000 0 77113 272 56151 575 77113 272 0 0 0 0 19191 190 36960 385 0 0
-15 wlan0 0x0 1000 1 20227 80 8356 72 18539 74 1688 6 0 0 7562 66 794 6 0 0
-16 wlan0 0x0 10006 0 80755 92 9122 99 80755 92 0 0 0 0 9122 99 0 0 0 0
-17 wlan0 0x0 10006 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-18 wlan0 0x0 10015 0 4390 7 14824 252 4390 7 0 0 0 0 14824 252 0 0 0 0
-19 wlan0 0x0 10015 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-20 wlan0 0x0 10018 0 4928 11 1741 14 4928 11 0 0 0 0 1741 14 0 0 0 0
-21 wlan0 0x0 10018 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-22 wlan0 0x0 10020 0 21141412 34316 2329881 15262 21140807 34311 605 5 0 0 2329276 15257 605 5 0 0
-23 wlan0 0x0 10020 1 13835740 12938 1548555 6362 13833754 12920 1986 18 0 0 1546569 6344 1986 18 0 0
-24 wlan0 0x0 10023 0 13405 40 5042 44 13405 40 0 0 0 0 5042 44 0 0 0 0
-25 wlan0 0x0 10023 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-26 wlan0 0x0 10034 0 436394741 342648 6237981 80442 436394741 342648 0 0 0 0 6237981 80442 0 0 0 0
-27 wlan0 0x0 10034 1 64860872 51297 1335539 15546 64860872 51297 0 0 0 0 1335539 15546 0 0 0 0
-28 wlan0 0x0 10044 0 17614444 14774 521004 5694 17329882 14432 284562 342 0 0 419974 5408 101030 286 0 0
-29 wlan0 0x0 10044 1 17701 33 3100 28 17701 33 0 0 0 0 3100 28 0 0 0 0
-30 wlan0 0x0 10057 0 12311735 9335 435954 5448 12247721 9259 64014 76 0 0 414080 5386 21874 62 0 0
-31 wlan0 0x0 10057 1 1332953195 954797 31849632 457698 1331933207 953569 1019988 1228 0 0 31702284 456899 147348 799 0 0
-32 wlan0 0x0 10060 0 32972 200 433705 380 32972 200 0 0 0 0 433705 380 0 0 0 0
-33 wlan0 0x0 10060 1 32106 66 37789 87 32106 66 0 0 0 0 37789 87 0 0 0 0
-34 wlan0 0x0 10061 0 7675 23 2509 22 7675 23 0 0 0 0 2509 22 0 0 0 0
-35 wlan0 0x0 10061 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-36 wlan0 0x0 10074 0 38355 82 10447 97 38355 82 0 0 0 0 10447 97 0 0 0 0
-37 wlan0 0x0 10074 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-38 wlan0 0x0 10078 0 49013 79 7167 69 49013 79 0 0 0 0 7167 69 0 0 0 0
-39 wlan0 0x0 10078 1 5872 8 1236 10 5872 8 0 0 0 0 1236 10 0 0 0 0
-40 wlan0 0x0 10082 0 8301 13 1981 15 8301 13 0 0 0 0 1981 15 0 0 0 0
-41 wlan0 0x0 10082 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-42 wlan0 0x0 10086 0 7001 14 1579 15 7001 14 0 0 0 0 1579 15 0 0 0 0
-43 wlan0 0x0 10086 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-44 wlan0 0x0 10090 0 24327795 20224 920502 14661 24327795 20224 0 0 0 0 920502 14661 0 0 0 0
-45 wlan0 0x0 10090 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-46 wlan0 0x0 10092 0 36849 78 12449 81 36849 78 0 0 0 0 12449 81 0 0 0 0
-47 wlan0 0x0 10092 1 60 1 103 1 60 1 0 0 0 0 103 1 0 0 0 0
-48 wlan0 0x0 10095 0 131962 223 37069 241 131962 223 0 0 0 0 37069 241 0 0 0 0
-49 wlan0 0x0 10095 1 12949 21 3930 21 12949 21 0 0 0 0 3930 21 0 0 0 0
-50 wlan0 0x0 10106 0 30899554 22679 632476 12296 30895334 22645 4220 34 0 0 628256 12262 4220 34 0 0
-51 wlan0 0x0 10106 1 88922349 64952 1605126 35599 88916075 64875 3586 29 2688 48 1600196 35522 4930 77 0 0
-52 wlan0 0x40700000000 10020 0 705732 10589 404428 5504 705732 10589 0 0 0 0 404428 5504 0 0 0 0
-53 wlan0 0x40700000000 10020 1 2376 36 1296 18 2376 36 0 0 0 0 1296 18 0 0 0 0
-54 wlan0 0x40800000000 10020 0 34624 146 122525 160 34624 146 0 0 0 0 122525 160 0 0 0 0
-55 wlan0 0x40800000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-56 wlan0 0x40b00000000 10020 0 22411 85 7364 57 22411 85 0 0 0 0 7364 57 0 0 0 0
-57 wlan0 0x40b00000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-58 wlan0 0x120300000000 10020 0 76641 241 32783 169 76641 241 0 0 0 0 32783 169 0 0 0 0
-59 wlan0 0x120300000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-60 wlan0 0x130100000000 10020 0 73101 287 23236 203 73101 287 0 0 0 0 23236 203 0 0 0 0
-61 wlan0 0x130100000000 10020 1 264 4 144 2 264 4 0 0 0 0 144 2 0 0 0 0
-62 wlan0 0x180300000000 10020 0 330648 399 24736 232 330648 399 0 0 0 0 24736 232 0 0 0 0
-63 wlan0 0x180300000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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-65 wlan0 0x180400000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-66 wlan0 0x300000000000 10020 0 15984 65 26927 57 15984 65 0 0 0 0 26927 57 0 0 0 0
-67 wlan0 0x300000000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-68 wlan0 0x1065fff00000000 10020 0 131871 599 93783 445 131871 599 0 0 0 0 93783 445 0 0 0 0
-69 wlan0 0x1065fff00000000 10020 1 264 4 144 2 264 4 0 0 0 0 144 2 0 0 0 0
-70 wlan0 0x1b24f4600000000 10034 0 15445 42 23329 45 15445 42 0 0 0 0 23329 45 0 0 0 0
-71 wlan0 0x1b24f4600000000 10034 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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-74 wlan0 0x1000040100000000 10020 0 47196 184 213319 257 47196 184 0 0 0 0 213319 257 0 0 0 0
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-76 wlan0 0x1000040700000000 10020 0 11599 50 10786 47 11599 50 0 0 0 0 10786 47 0 0 0 0
-77 wlan0 0x1000040700000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-78 wlan0 0x1000040800000000 10020 0 21902 145 174139 166 21902 145 0 0 0 0 174139 166 0 0 0 0
-79 wlan0 0x1000040800000000 10020 1 8568 88 105743 90 8568 88 0 0 0 0 105743 90 0 0 0 0
-80 wlan0 0x1000100300000000 10020 0 55213 118 194551 199 55213 118 0 0 0 0 194551 199 0 0 0 0
-81 wlan0 0x1000100300000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-82 wlan0 0x1000120300000000 10020 0 50826 74 21153 70 50826 74 0 0 0 0 21153 70 0 0 0 0
-83 wlan0 0x1000120300000000 10020 1 72 1 175 2 72 1 0 0 0 0 175 2 0 0 0 0
-84 wlan0 0x1000180300000000 10020 0 744198 657 65437 592 744198 657 0 0 0 0 65437 592 0 0 0 0
-85 wlan0 0x1000180300000000 10020 1 144719 132 10989 108 144719 132 0 0 0 0 10989 108 0 0 0 0
-86 wlan0 0x1000180600000000 10020 0 4599 8 1928 10 4599 8 0 0 0 0 1928 10 0 0 0 0
-87 wlan0 0x1000180600000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-88 wlan0 0x1000250000000000 10020 0 57740 98 13076 88 57740 98 0 0 0 0 13076 88 0 0 0 0
-89 wlan0 0x1000250000000000 10020 1 328 3 414 4 207 2 121 1 0 0 293 3 121 1 0 0
-90 wlan0 0x1000300000000000 10020 0 7675 30 31331 32 7675 30 0 0 0 0 31331 32 0 0 0 0
-91 wlan0 0x1000300000000000 10020 1 30173 97 101335 100 30173 97 0 0 0 0 101335 100 0 0 0 0
-92 wlan0 0x1000310200000000 10020 0 1681 9 2194 9 1681 9 0 0 0 0 2194 9 0 0 0 0
-93 wlan0 0x1000310200000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-94 wlan0 0x1000360000000000 10020 0 5606 20 2831 20 5606 20 0 0 0 0 2831 20 0 0 0 0
-95 wlan0 0x1000360000000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-96 wlan0 0x11065fff00000000 10020 0 18363 91 83367 104 18363 91 0 0 0 0 83367 104 0 0 0 0
-97 wlan0 0x11065fff00000000 10020 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-98 wlan0 0x3000009600000000 10020 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-99 wlan0 0x3000009600000000 10020 1 6163 18 2424 18 6163 18 0 0 0 0 2424 18 0 0 0 0
-100 wlan0 0x3000009800000000 10020 0 23337 46 8723 39 23337 46 0 0 0 0 8723 39 0 0 0 0
-101 wlan0 0x3000009800000000 10020 1 33744 93 72437 89 33744 93 0 0 0 0 72437 89 0 0 0 0
-102 wlan0 0x3000020000000000 10020 0 4124 11 8969 19 4124 11 0 0 0 0 8969 19 0 0 0 0
-103 wlan0 0x3000020000000000 10020 1 5993 11 3815 14 5993 11 0 0 0 0 3815 14 0 0 0 0
-104 wlan0 0x3000040100000000 10020 0 106718 322 121557 287 106718 322 0 0 0 0 121557 287 0 0 0 0
-105 wlan0 0x3000040100000000 10020 1 142508 642 500579 637 142508 642 0 0 0 0 500579 637 0 0 0 0
-106 wlan0 0x3000040700000000 10020 0 365419 5113 213124 2730 365419 5113 0 0 0 0 213124 2730 0 0 0 0
-107 wlan0 0x3000040700000000 10020 1 30747 130 18408 100 30747 130 0 0 0 0 18408 100 0 0 0 0
-108 wlan0 0x3000040800000000 10020 0 34672 112 68623 92 34672 112 0 0 0 0 68623 92 0 0 0 0
-109 wlan0 0x3000040800000000 10020 1 78443 199 140944 192 78443 199 0 0 0 0 140944 192 0 0 0 0
-110 wlan0 0x3000040b00000000 10020 0 14949 33 4017 26 14949 33 0 0 0 0 4017 26 0 0 0 0
-111 wlan0 0x3000040b00000000 10020 1 996 15 576 8 996 15 0 0 0 0 576 8 0 0 0 0
-112 wlan0 0x3000090000000000 10020 0 4017 28 3610 25 4017 28 0 0 0 0 3610 25 0 0 0 0
-113 wlan0 0x3000090000000000 10020 1 24805 41 4545 38 24805 41 0 0 0 0 4545 38 0 0 0 0
-114 wlan0 0x3000100300000000 10020 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-115 wlan0 0x3000100300000000 10020 1 3112 10 1628 10 3112 10 0 0 0 0 1628 10 0 0 0 0
-116 wlan0 0x3000120300000000 10020 0 38249 107 20374 85 38249 107 0 0 0 0 20374 85 0 0 0 0
-117 wlan0 0x3000120300000000 10020 1 122581 174 36792 143 122581 174 0 0 0 0 36792 143 0 0 0 0
-118 wlan0 0x3000130100000000 10020 0 2700 41 1524 21 2700 41 0 0 0 0 1524 21 0 0 0 0
-119 wlan0 0x3000130100000000 10020 1 22515 59 8366 52 22515 59 0 0 0 0 8366 52 0 0 0 0
-120 wlan0 0x3000180200000000 10020 0 6411 18 14511 20 6411 18 0 0 0 0 14511 20 0 0 0 0
-121 wlan0 0x3000180200000000 10020 1 336 5 319 4 336 5 0 0 0 0 319 4 0 0 0 0
-122 wlan0 0x3000180300000000 10020 0 129301 136 17622 97 129301 136 0 0 0 0 17622 97 0 0 0 0
-123 wlan0 0x3000180300000000 10020 1 464787 429 41703 336 464787 429 0 0 0 0 41703 336 0 0 0 0
-124 wlan0 0x3000180400000000 10020 0 11014 39 2787 25 11014 39 0 0 0 0 2787 25 0 0 0 0
-125 wlan0 0x3000180400000000 10020 1 144040 139 7540 80 144040 139 0 0 0 0 7540 80 0 0 0 0
-126 wlan0 0x3000210100000000 10020 0 10278 44 4579 33 10278 44 0 0 0 0 4579 33 0 0 0 0
-127 wlan0 0x3000210100000000 10020 1 31151 73 14159 47 31151 73 0 0 0 0 14159 47 0 0 0 0
-128 wlan0 0x3000250000000000 10020 0 132 2 72 1 132 2 0 0 0 0 72 1 0 0 0 0
-129 wlan0 0x3000250000000000 10020 1 76614 143 17711 130 76080 137 534 6 0 0 17177 124 534 6 0 0
-130 wlan0 0x3000260100000000 10020 0 9426 26 3535 20 9426 26 0 0 0 0 3535 20 0 0 0 0
-131 wlan0 0x3000260100000000 10020 1 468 7 288 4 468 7 0 0 0 0 288 4 0 0 0 0
-132 wlan0 0x3000300000000000 10020 0 7241 29 12055 26 7241 29 0 0 0 0 12055 26 0 0 0 0
-133 wlan0 0x3000300000000000 10020 1 3273 23 11232 21 3273 23 0 0 0 0 11232 21 0 0 0 0
-134 wlan0 0x3000310000000000 10020 0 132 2 72 1 132 2 0 0 0 0 72 1 0 0 0 0
-135 wlan0 0x3000310000000000 10020 1 53425 64 8721 62 53425 64 0 0 0 0 8721 62 0 0 0 0
-136 wlan0 0x3000310500000000 10020 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-137 wlan0 0x3000310500000000 10020 1 9929 16 3879 18 9929 16 0 0 0 0 3879 18 0 0 0 0
-138 wlan0 0x3000360000000000 10020 0 8855 43 4749 31 8855 43 0 0 0 0 4749 31 0 0 0 0
-139 wlan0 0x3000360000000000 10020 1 5597 19 2456 19 5597 19 0 0 0 0 2456 19 0 0 0 0
-140 wlan0 0x3010000000000000 10090 0 605140 527 38435 429 605140 527 0 0 0 0 38435 429 0 0 0 0
-141 wlan0 0x3010000000000000 10090 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-142 wlan0 0x31065fff00000000 10020 0 22011 67 29665 64 22011 67 0 0 0 0 29665 64 0 0 0 0
-143 wlan0 0x31065fff00000000 10020 1 10695 34 18347 35 10695 34 0 0 0 0 18347 35 0 0 0 0
-144 wlan0 0x32e544f900000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-145 wlan0 0x32e544f900000000 10034 1 40143 54 7299 61 40143 54 0 0 0 0 7299 61 0 0 0 0
-146 wlan0 0x58872a4400000000 10018 0 4928 11 1669 13 4928 11 0 0 0 0 1669 13 0 0 0 0
-147 wlan0 0x58872a4400000000 10018 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-148 wlan0 0x5caeaa7b00000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-149 wlan0 0x5caeaa7b00000000 10034 1 74971 73 7103 75 74971 73 0 0 0 0 7103 75 0 0 0 0
-150 wlan0 0x9e00923800000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-151 wlan0 0x9e00923800000000 10034 1 72385 98 13072 110 72385 98 0 0 0 0 13072 110 0 0 0 0
-152 wlan0 0xb972bdd400000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-153 wlan0 0xb972bdd400000000 10034 1 15282 24 3034 27 15282 24 0 0 0 0 3034 27 0 0 0 0
-154 wlan0 0xc7c9f7ba00000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-155 wlan0 0xc7c9f7ba00000000 10034 1 194915 185 13316 138 194915 185 0 0 0 0 13316 138 0 0 0 0
-156 wlan0 0xc9395b2600000000 10034 0 6991 13 6215 14 6991 13 0 0 0 0 6215 14 0 0 0 0
-157 wlan0 0xc9395b2600000000 10034 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-158 wlan0 0xdaddf21100000000 10034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-159 wlan0 0xdaddf21100000000 10034 1 928676 849 81570 799 928676 849 0 0 0 0 81570 799 0 0 0 0
-160 wlan0 0xe8d195d100000000 10020 0 516 8 288 4 516 8 0 0 0 0 288 4 0 0 0 0
-161 wlan0 0xe8d195d100000000 10020 1 5905 15 2622 15 5905 15 0 0 0 0 2622 15 0 0 0 0
-162 wlan0 0xe8d195d100000000 10034 0 236640 524 312523 555 236640 524 0 0 0 0 312523 555 0 0 0 0
-163 wlan0 0xe8d195d100000000 10034 1 319028 539 188776 553 319028 539 0 0 0 0 188776 553 0 0 0 0
-164 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10006 0 80755 92 9122 99 80755 92 0 0 0 0 9122 99 0 0 0 0
-165 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10006 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-166 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10020 0 17874405 14068 223987 3065 17874405 14068 0 0 0 0 223987 3065 0 0 0 0
-167 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10020 1 11011258 8672 177693 2407 11011258 8672 0 0 0 0 177693 2407 0 0 0 0
-168 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10034 0 436062595 341880 5843990 79630 436062595 341880 0 0 0 0 5843990 79630 0 0 0 0
-169 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10034 1 63201220 49447 1005882 13713 63201220 49447 0 0 0 0 1005882 13713 0 0 0 0
-170 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10044 0 17159287 13702 356212 4778 17159287 13702 0 0 0 0 356212 4778 0 0 0 0
-171 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10044 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-172 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10078 0 10439 17 1665 15 10439 17 0 0 0 0 1665 15 0 0 0 0
-173 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10078 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-174 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10090 0 23722655 19697 881995 14231 23722655 19697 0 0 0 0 881995 14231 0 0 0 0
-175 wlan0 0xffffff0100000000 10090 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-176 wlan0 0xffffff0500000000 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-177 wlan0 0xffffff0500000000 1000 1 1592 5 314 1 0 0 1592 5 0 0 0 0 314 1 0 0
-178 wlan0 0xffffff0600000000 1000 0 0 0 36960 385 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36960 385 0 0
-179 wlan0 0xffffff0600000000 1000 1 96 1 480 5 0 0 96 1 0 0 0 0 480 5 0 0
-180 wlan0 0xffffff0700000000 1000 0 38732 229 16567 163 38732 229 0 0 0 0 16567 163 0 0 0 0
-181 wlan0 0xffffff0700000000 1000 1 18539 74 7562 66 18539 74 0 0 0 0 7562 66 0 0 0 0
-182 wlan0 0xffffff0900000000 1000 0 38381 43 2624 27 38381 43 0 0 0 0 2624 27 0 0 0 0
-183 wlan0 0xffffff0900000000 1000 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-184 dummy0 0x0 0 0 0 0 168 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 168 3
-185 dummy0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-186 wlan0 0x0 1029 0 0 0 5855801 94173 0 0 0 0 0 0 5208040 84634 103637 1256 544124 8283
-187 wlan0 0x0 1029 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tools/Android.bp b/tools/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ce76f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+// Build tool used to generate jarjar rules for all classes in a jar, except those that are
+// API, UnsupportedAppUsage or otherwise excluded.
+python_binary_host {
+    name: "jarjar-rules-generator",
+    srcs: [
+        "gen_jarjar.py",
+    ],
+    main: "gen_jarjar.py",
+    visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"],
+}
+
+genrule_defaults {
+    name: "jarjar-rules-combine-defaults",
+    // Concat files with a line break in the middle
+    cmd: "for src in $(in); do cat $${src}; echo; done > $(out)",
+    defaults_visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"],
+}
+
+java_library {
+    name: "jarjar-rules-generator-testjavalib",
+    srcs: ["testdata/java/**/*.java"],
+    libs: ["unsupportedappusage"],
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+}
+
+// TODO(b/233723405) - Remove this workaround.
+// Temporary work around of b/233723405. Using the module_lib stub directly
+// in the test causes it to sometimes get the dex jar and sometimes get the
+// classes jar due to b/233111644. Statically including it here instead
+// ensures that it will always get the classes jar.
+java_library {
+    name: "framework-connectivity.stubs.module_lib-for-test",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "framework-connectivity.stubs.module_lib",
+    ],
+    // Not strictly necessary but specified as this MUST not have generate
+    // a dex jar as that will break the tests.
+    compile_dex: false,
+}
+
+java_library {
+    name: "framework-connectivity-t.stubs.module_lib-for-test",
+    visibility: ["//visibility:private"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "framework-connectivity-t.stubs.module_lib",
+    ],
+    // Not strictly necessary but specified as this MUST not have generate
+    // a dex jar as that will break the tests.
+    compile_dex: false,
+}
+
+python_test_host {
+    name: "jarjar-rules-generator-test",
+    srcs: [
+        "gen_jarjar.py",
+        "gen_jarjar_test.py",
+    ],
+    data: [
+        "testdata/test-jarjar-excludes.txt",
+        // two unsupportedappusage lists with different classes to test using multiple lists
+        "testdata/test-unsupportedappusage.txt",
+        "testdata/test-other-unsupportedappusage.txt",
+        ":framework-connectivity.stubs.module_lib-for-test",
+        ":framework-connectivity-t.stubs.module_lib-for-test",
+        ":jarjar-rules-generator-testjavalib",
+    ],
+    main: "gen_jarjar_test.py",
+}
diff --git a/tools/gen_jarjar.py b/tools/gen_jarjar.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..eb686ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/gen_jarjar.py
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+""" This script generates jarjar rule files to add a jarjar prefix to all classes, except those
+that are API, unsupported API or otherwise excluded."""
+
+import argparse
+import io
+import re
+import subprocess
+from xml import sax
+from xml.sax.handler import ContentHandler
+from zipfile import ZipFile
+
+
+def parse_arguments(argv):
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    parser.add_argument(
+        'jars', nargs='+',
+        help='Path to pre-jarjar JAR. Multiple jars can be specified.')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '--prefix', required=True,
+        help='Package prefix to use for jarjared classes, '
+             'for example "com.android.connectivity" (does not end with a dot).')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '--output', required=True, help='Path to output jarjar rules file.')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '--apistubs', action='append', default=[],
+        help='Path to API stubs jar. Classes that are API will not be jarjared. Can be repeated to '
+             'specify multiple jars.')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '--unsupportedapi',
+        help='Column(:)-separated paths to UnsupportedAppUsage hidden API .txt lists. '
+             'Classes that have UnsupportedAppUsage API will not be jarjared.')
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '--excludes', action='append', default=[],
+        help='Path to files listing classes that should not be jarjared. Can be repeated to '
+             'specify multiple files.'
+             'Each file should contain one full-match regex per line. Empty lines or lines '
+             'starting with "#" are ignored.')
+    return parser.parse_args(argv)
+
+
+def _list_toplevel_jar_classes(jar):
+    """List all classes in a .class .jar file that are not inner classes."""
+    return {_get_toplevel_class(c) for c in _list_jar_classes(jar)}
+
+def _list_jar_classes(jar):
+    with ZipFile(jar, 'r') as zip:
+        files = zip.namelist()
+        assert 'classes.dex' not in files, f'Jar file {jar} is dexed, ' \
+                                           'expected an intermediate zip of .class files'
+        class_len = len('.class')
+        return [f.replace('/', '.')[:-class_len] for f in files
+                if f.endswith('.class') and not f.endswith('/package-info.class')]
+
+
+def _list_hiddenapi_classes(txt_file):
+    out = set()
+    with open(txt_file, 'r') as f:
+        for line in f:
+            if not line.strip():
+                continue
+            assert line.startswith('L') and ';' in line, f'Class name not recognized: {line}'
+            clazz = line.replace('/', '.').split(';')[0][1:]
+            out.add(_get_toplevel_class(clazz))
+    return out
+
+
+def _get_toplevel_class(clazz):
+    """Return the name of the toplevel (not an inner class) enclosing class of the given class."""
+    if '$' not in clazz:
+        return clazz
+    return clazz.split('$')[0]
+
+
+def _get_excludes(path):
+    out = []
+    with open(path, 'r') as f:
+        for line in f:
+            stripped = line.strip()
+            if not stripped or stripped.startswith('#'):
+                continue
+            out.append(re.compile(stripped))
+    return out
+
+
+def make_jarjar_rules(args):
+    excluded_classes = set()
+    for apistubs_file in args.apistubs:
+        excluded_classes.update(_list_toplevel_jar_classes(apistubs_file))
+
+    unsupportedapi_files = (args.unsupportedapi and args.unsupportedapi.split(':')) or []
+    for unsupportedapi_file in unsupportedapi_files:
+        if unsupportedapi_file:
+            excluded_classes.update(_list_hiddenapi_classes(unsupportedapi_file))
+
+    exclude_regexes = []
+    for exclude_file in args.excludes:
+        exclude_regexes.extend(_get_excludes(exclude_file))
+
+    with open(args.output, 'w') as outfile:
+        for jar in args.jars:
+            jar_classes = _list_jar_classes(jar)
+            jar_classes.sort()
+            for clazz in jar_classes:
+                if (not clazz.startswith(args.prefix + '.') and
+                        _get_toplevel_class(clazz) not in excluded_classes and
+                        not any(r.fullmatch(clazz) for r in exclude_regexes)):
+                    outfile.write(f'rule {clazz} {args.prefix}.@0\n')
+                    # Also include jarjar rules for unit tests of the class, so the package matches
+                    outfile.write(f'rule {clazz}Test {args.prefix}.@0\n')
+                    outfile.write(f'rule {clazz}Test$* {args.prefix}.@0\n')
+
+
+def _main():
+    # Pass in None to use argv
+    args = parse_arguments(None)
+    make_jarjar_rules(args)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    _main()
diff --git a/tools/gen_jarjar_test.py b/tools/gen_jarjar_test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5bf499
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/gen_jarjar_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#  Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+#
+#  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+#  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+#  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#  limitations under the License.
+
+import gen_jarjar
+import unittest
+
+
+class TestGenJarjar(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_gen_rules(self):
+        args = gen_jarjar.parse_arguments([
+            "jarjar-rules-generator-testjavalib.jar",
+            "--prefix", "jarjar.prefix",
+            "--output", "test-output-rules.txt",
+            "--apistubs", "framework-connectivity.stubs.module_lib.jar",
+            "--unsupportedapi", ":testdata/test-unsupportedappusage.txt",
+            "--excludes", "testdata/test-jarjar-excludes.txt",
+        ])
+        gen_jarjar.make_jarjar_rules(args)
+
+        with open(args.output) as out:
+            lines = out.readlines()
+
+        self.maxDiff = None
+        self.assertListEqual([
+            'rule android.net.IpSecTransform jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule android.net.IpSecTransformTest jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule android.net.IpSecTransformTest$* jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.unsupportedappusage.OtherUnsupportedUsageClass jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.unsupportedappusage.OtherUnsupportedUsageClassTest jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.unsupportedappusage.OtherUnsupportedUsageClassTest$* jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClass jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClassTest jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClassTest$* jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClass$TestInnerClass jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClass$TestInnerClassTest jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClass$TestInnerClassTest$* jarjar.prefix.@0\n'
+        ], lines)
+
+    def test_gen_rules_repeated_args(self):
+        args = gen_jarjar.parse_arguments([
+            "jarjar-rules-generator-testjavalib.jar",
+            "--prefix", "jarjar.prefix",
+            "--output", "test-output-rules.txt",
+            "--apistubs", "framework-connectivity.stubs.module_lib.jar",
+            "--apistubs", "framework-connectivity-t.stubs.module_lib.jar",
+            "--unsupportedapi",
+            "testdata/test-unsupportedappusage.txt:testdata/test-other-unsupportedappusage.txt",
+            "--excludes", "testdata/test-jarjar-excludes.txt",
+        ])
+        gen_jarjar.make_jarjar_rules(args)
+
+        with open(args.output) as out:
+            lines = out.readlines()
+
+        self.maxDiff = None
+        self.assertListEqual([
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClass jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClassTest jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClassTest$* jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClass$TestInnerClass jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClass$TestInnerClassTest jarjar.prefix.@0\n',
+            'rule test.utils.TestUtilClass$TestInnerClassTest$* jarjar.prefix.@0\n'], lines)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    # Need verbosity=2 for the test results parser to find results
+    unittest.main(verbosity=2)
diff --git a/tools/testdata/java/android/net/IpSecTransform.java b/tools/testdata/java/android/net/IpSecTransform.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0140bc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testdata/java/android/net/IpSecTransform.java
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+/**
+ * Test class with a name matching a public API in a secondary (framework-connectivity-t) stubs jar.
+ */
+public class IpSecTransform {
+}
diff --git a/tools/testdata/java/android/net/LinkProperties.java b/tools/testdata/java/android/net/LinkProperties.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bdca377
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testdata/java/android/net/LinkProperties.java
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+/**
+ * Test class with a name matching a public API.
+ */
+public class LinkProperties {
+}
diff --git a/tools/testdata/java/jarjar/prefix/AlreadyInTargetPackageClass.java b/tools/testdata/java/jarjar/prefix/AlreadyInTargetPackageClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6859020
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testdata/java/jarjar/prefix/AlreadyInTargetPackageClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package jarjar.prefix;
+
+/**
+ * Sample class to test jarjar rules, already in the "jarjar.prefix" package.
+ */
+public class AlreadyInTargetPackageClass {
+    /** Test inner class that should not be jarjared either */
+    public static class TestInnerClass {}
+}
diff --git a/tools/testdata/java/test/jarjarexcluded/JarjarExcludedClass.java b/tools/testdata/java/test/jarjarexcluded/JarjarExcludedClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e3bee1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testdata/java/test/jarjarexcluded/JarjarExcludedClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package test.jarjarexcluded;
+
+/**
+ * Test class that is excluded from jarjar.
+ */
+public class JarjarExcludedClass {
+}
diff --git a/tools/testdata/java/test/unsupportedappusage/OtherUnsupportedUsageClass.java b/tools/testdata/java/test/unsupportedappusage/OtherUnsupportedUsageClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d3ae2e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testdata/java/test/unsupportedappusage/OtherUnsupportedUsageClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package test.unsupportedappusage;
+
+import android.compat.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
+
+public class OtherUnsupportedUsageClass {
+    // The annotation is just for completeness, what matters is the unsupportedappusage.txt file
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
+    public void testSecondMethod() {}
+}
diff --git a/tools/testdata/java/test/unsupportedappusage/TestUnsupportedAppUsageClass.java b/tools/testdata/java/test/unsupportedappusage/TestUnsupportedAppUsageClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..460c91b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testdata/java/test/unsupportedappusage/TestUnsupportedAppUsageClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package test.unsupportedappusage;
+
+
+import android.compat.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
+
+public class TestUnsupportedAppUsageClass {
+    // The annotation is just for completeness, what matters is the unsupportedappusage.txt file
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
+    public void testMethod() {}
+}
diff --git a/tools/testdata/java/test/utils/TestUtilClass.java b/tools/testdata/java/test/utils/TestUtilClass.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2162e45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testdata/java/test/utils/TestUtilClass.java
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package test.utils;
+
+/**
+ * Sample class to test jarjar rules.
+ */
+public class TestUtilClass {
+    public static class TestInnerClass {}
+}
diff --git a/tools/testdata/test-jarjar-excludes.txt b/tools/testdata/test-jarjar-excludes.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35d97a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testdata/test-jarjar-excludes.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Test file for excluded classes
+test\.jarj.rexcluded\.JarjarExcludedCla.s
+test\.jarjarexcluded\.JarjarExcludedClass\$TestInnerCl.ss
diff --git a/tools/testdata/test-other-unsupportedappusage.txt b/tools/testdata/test-other-unsupportedappusage.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7d74a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testdata/test-other-unsupportedappusage.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Ltest/unsupportedappusage/OtherUnsupportedUsageClass;->testSecondMethod()V
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tools/testdata/test-unsupportedappusage.txt b/tools/testdata/test-unsupportedappusage.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..331eff9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testdata/test-unsupportedappusage.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Ltest/unsupportedappusage/TestUnsupportedAppUsageClass;->testMethod()V
\ No newline at end of file