diff --git a/OWNERS b/OWNERS
index 988af41..b2176cc 100644
--- a/OWNERS
+++ b/OWNERS
@@ -3,4 +3,3 @@
 file:platform/packages/modules/Connectivity:main:/OWNERS_core_networking
 
 per-file **IpSec* = file:platform/frameworks/base:main:/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/OWNERS
-per-file **Xfrm* = file:platform/frameworks/base:main:/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/OWNERS
diff --git a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/RouterAdvertisementDaemon.java b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/RouterAdvertisementDaemon.java
index 50d6c4b..5e9bbcb 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/RouterAdvertisementDaemon.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/RouterAdvertisementDaemon.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 import static android.system.OsConstants.AF_INET6;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_NONBLOCK;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_RAW;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.SOL_SOCKET;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.SO_SNDTIMEO;
@@ -38,12 +39,21 @@
 import android.net.MacAddress;
 import android.net.TrafficStats;
 import android.net.util.SocketUtils;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.HandlerThread;
+import android.os.Looper;
+import android.os.Message;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
 import android.system.Os;
 import android.system.StructTimeval;
 import android.util.Log;
+import android.util.Pair;
+
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
+import com.android.net.module.util.FdEventsReader;
 import com.android.net.module.util.InterfaceParams;
 import com.android.net.module.util.structs.Icmpv6Header;
 import com.android.net.module.util.structs.LlaOption;
@@ -103,6 +113,11 @@
 
     private static final int DAY_IN_SECONDS = 86_400;
 
+    // Commands for IpServer to control RouterAdvertisementDaemon
+    private static final int CMD_START        = 1;
+    private static final int CMD_STOP         = 2;
+    private static final int CMD_BUILD_NEW_RA = 3;
+
     private final InterfaceParams mInterface;
     private final InetSocketAddress mAllNodes;
 
@@ -120,9 +135,13 @@
     @GuardedBy("mLock")
     private RaParams mRaParams;
 
+    // To be accessed only from RaMessageHandler
+    private RsPacketListener mRsPacketListener;
+
     private volatile FileDescriptor mSocket;
     private volatile MulticastTransmitter mMulticastTransmitter;
-    private volatile UnicastResponder mUnicastResponder;
+    private volatile RaMessageHandler mRaMessageHandler;
+    private volatile HandlerThread mRaHandlerThread;
 
     /** Encapsulate the RA parameters for RouterAdvertisementDaemon.*/
     public static class RaParams {
@@ -244,6 +263,94 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private class RaMessageHandler extends Handler {
+        RaMessageHandler(Looper looper) {
+            super(looper);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
+            switch (msg.what) {
+                case CMD_START:
+                    mRsPacketListener = new RsPacketListener(this);
+                    mRsPacketListener.start();
+                    break;
+                case CMD_STOP:
+                    if (mRsPacketListener != null) {
+                        mRsPacketListener.stop();
+                        mRsPacketListener = null;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case CMD_BUILD_NEW_RA:
+                    synchronized (mLock) {
+                        // raInfo.first is deprecatedParams and raInfo.second is newParams.
+                        final Pair<RaParams, RaParams> raInfo = (Pair<RaParams, RaParams>) msg.obj;
+                        if (raInfo.first != null) {
+                            mDeprecatedInfoTracker.putPrefixes(raInfo.first.prefixes);
+                            mDeprecatedInfoTracker.putDnses(raInfo.first.dnses);
+                        }
+
+                        if (raInfo.second != null) {
+                            // Process information that is no longer deprecated.
+                            mDeprecatedInfoTracker.removePrefixes(raInfo.second.prefixes);
+                            mDeprecatedInfoTracker.removeDnses(raInfo.second.dnses);
+                        }
+                        mRaParams = raInfo.second;
+                        assembleRaLocked();
+                    }
+
+                    maybeNotifyMulticastTransmitter();
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Unknown message, cmd = " + String.valueOf(msg.what));
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class RsPacketListener extends FdEventsReader<RsPacketListener.RecvBuffer> {
+        private static final class RecvBuffer {
+            // The recycled buffer for receiving Router Solicitations from clients.
+            // If the RS is larger than IPV6_MIN_MTU the packets are truncated.
+            // This is fine since currently only byte 0 is examined anyway.
+            final byte[] mBytes = new byte[IPV6_MIN_MTU];
+            final InetSocketAddress mSrcAddr = new InetSocketAddress(0);
+        }
+
+        RsPacketListener(@NonNull Handler handler) {
+            super(handler, new RecvBuffer());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected int recvBufSize(@NonNull RecvBuffer buffer) {
+            return buffer.mBytes.length;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected FileDescriptor createFd() {
+            return mSocket;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected int readPacket(@NonNull FileDescriptor fd, @NonNull RecvBuffer buffer)
+                throws Exception {
+            return Os.recvfrom(
+                    fd, buffer.mBytes, 0, buffer.mBytes.length, 0 /* flags */, buffer.mSrcAddr);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected final void handlePacket(@NonNull RecvBuffer buffer, int length) {
+            // Do the least possible amount of validations.
+            if (buffer.mSrcAddr == null
+                    || length <= 0
+                    || buffer.mBytes[0] != asByte(ICMPV6_ROUTER_SOLICITATION)) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            maybeSendRA(buffer.mSrcAddr);
+        }
+    }
+
     public RouterAdvertisementDaemon(InterfaceParams ifParams) {
         mInterface = ifParams;
         mAllNodes = new InetSocketAddress(getAllNodesForScopeId(mInterface.index), 0);
@@ -252,48 +359,43 @@
 
     /** Build new RA.*/
     public void buildNewRa(RaParams deprecatedParams, RaParams newParams) {
-        synchronized (mLock) {
-            if (deprecatedParams != null) {
-                mDeprecatedInfoTracker.putPrefixes(deprecatedParams.prefixes);
-                mDeprecatedInfoTracker.putDnses(deprecatedParams.dnses);
-            }
-
-            if (newParams != null) {
-                // Process information that is no longer deprecated.
-                mDeprecatedInfoTracker.removePrefixes(newParams.prefixes);
-                mDeprecatedInfoTracker.removeDnses(newParams.dnses);
-            }
-
-            mRaParams = newParams;
-            assembleRaLocked();
-        }
-
-        maybeNotifyMulticastTransmitter();
+        final Pair<RaParams, RaParams> raInfo = new Pair<>(deprecatedParams, newParams);
+        sendMessage(CMD_BUILD_NEW_RA, raInfo);
     }
 
     /** Start router advertisement daemon. */
     public boolean start() {
         if (!createSocket()) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to start RouterAdvertisementDaemon.");
             return false;
         }
 
         mMulticastTransmitter = new MulticastTransmitter();
         mMulticastTransmitter.start();
 
-        mUnicastResponder = new UnicastResponder();
-        mUnicastResponder.start();
+        mRaHandlerThread = new HandlerThread(TAG);
+        mRaHandlerThread.start();
+        mRaMessageHandler = new RaMessageHandler(mRaHandlerThread.getLooper());
 
-        return true;
+        return sendMessage(CMD_START);
     }
 
     /** Stop router advertisement daemon. */
     public void stop() {
+        if (!sendMessage(CMD_STOP)) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "RouterAdvertisementDaemon has been stopped or was never started.");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mRaHandlerThread.quitSafely();
+        mRaHandlerThread = null;
+        mRaMessageHandler = null;
+
         closeSocket();
         // Wake up mMulticastTransmitter thread to interrupt a potential 1 day sleep before
         // the thread's termination.
         maybeNotifyMulticastTransmitter();
         mMulticastTransmitter = null;
-        mUnicastResponder = null;
     }
 
     @GuardedBy("mLock")
@@ -503,7 +605,7 @@
 
         final int oldTag = TrafficStats.getAndSetThreadStatsTag(TAG_SYSTEM_NEIGHBOR);
         try {
-            mSocket = Os.socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMPV6);
+            mSocket = Os.socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW | SOCK_NONBLOCK, IPPROTO_ICMPV6);
             // Setting SNDTIMEO is purely for defensive purposes.
             Os.setsockoptTimeval(
                     mSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, StructTimeval.fromMillis(send_timout_ms));
@@ -565,34 +667,17 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private final class UnicastResponder extends Thread {
-        private final InetSocketAddress mSolicitor = new InetSocketAddress(0);
-        // The recycled buffer for receiving Router Solicitations from clients.
-        // If the RS is larger than IPV6_MIN_MTU the packets are truncated.
-        // This is fine since currently only byte 0 is examined anyway.
-        private final byte[] mSolicitation = new byte[IPV6_MIN_MTU];
+    private boolean sendMessage(int cmd) {
+        return sendMessage(cmd, null);
+    }
 
-        @Override
-        public void run() {
-            while (isSocketValid()) {
-                try {
-                    // Blocking receive.
-                    final int rval = Os.recvfrom(
-                            mSocket, mSolicitation, 0, mSolicitation.length, 0, mSolicitor);
-                    // Do the least possible amount of validation.
-                    if (rval < 1 || mSolicitation[0] != asByte(ICMPV6_ROUTER_SOLICITATION)) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                } catch (ErrnoException | SocketException e) {
-                    if (isSocketValid()) {
-                        Log.e(TAG, "recvfrom error: " + e);
-                    }
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                maybeSendRA(mSolicitor);
-            }
+    private boolean sendMessage(int cmd, @Nullable Object obj) {
+        if (mRaMessageHandler == null) {
+            return false;
         }
+
+        return mRaMessageHandler.sendMessage(
+                Message.obtain(mRaMessageHandler, cmd, obj));
     }
 
     // TODO: Consider moving this to run on a provided Looper as a Handler,
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
index 996ee11..da3b584 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
@@ -327,8 +327,10 @@
                         return mConfig;
                     }
                 });
-        mUpstreamNetworkMonitor = mDeps.getUpstreamNetworkMonitor(mContext, mTetherMainSM, mLog,
-                TetherMainSM.EVENT_UPSTREAM_CALLBACK);
+        mUpstreamNetworkMonitor = mDeps.getUpstreamNetworkMonitor(mContext, mHandler, mLog,
+                (what, obj) -> {
+                    mTetherMainSM.sendMessage(TetherMainSM.EVENT_UPSTREAM_CALLBACK, what, 0, obj);
+                });
         mForwardedDownstreams = new HashSet<>();
 
         IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
@@ -2732,84 +2734,73 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private IpServer.Callback makeControlCallback() {
-        return new IpServer.Callback() {
-            @Override
-            public void updateInterfaceState(IpServer who, int state, int lastError) {
-                notifyInterfaceStateChange(who, state, lastError);
+    private class ControlCallback extends IpServer.Callback {
+        @Override
+        public void updateInterfaceState(IpServer who, int state, int lastError) {
+            final String iface = who.interfaceName();
+            final TetherState tetherState = mTetherStates.get(iface);
+            if (tetherState != null && tetherState.ipServer.equals(who)) {
+                tetherState.lastState = state;
+                tetherState.lastError = lastError;
+            } else {
+                if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "got notification from stale iface " + iface);
             }
 
-            @Override
-            public void updateLinkProperties(IpServer who, LinkProperties newLp) {
-                notifyLinkPropertiesChanged(who, newLp);
-            }
+            mLog.log(String.format("OBSERVED iface=%s state=%s error=%s", iface, state, lastError));
 
-            @Override
-            public void dhcpLeasesChanged() {
-                maybeDhcpLeasesChanged();
+            // If TetherMainSM is in ErrorState, TetherMainSM stays there.
+            // Thus we give a chance for TetherMainSM to recover to InitialState
+            // by sending CMD_CLEAR_ERROR
+            if (lastError == TETHER_ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR) {
+                mTetherMainSM.sendMessage(TetherMainSM.CMD_CLEAR_ERROR, who);
             }
-
-            @Override
-            public void requestEnableTethering(int tetheringType, boolean enabled) {
-                mTetherMainSM.sendMessage(TetherMainSM.EVENT_REQUEST_CHANGE_DOWNSTREAM,
-                        tetheringType, 0, enabled ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
+            int which;
+            switch (state) {
+                case IpServer.STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
+                case IpServer.STATE_AVAILABLE:
+                    which = TetherMainSM.EVENT_IFACE_SERVING_STATE_INACTIVE;
+                    break;
+                case IpServer.STATE_TETHERED:
+                case IpServer.STATE_LOCAL_ONLY:
+                    which = TetherMainSM.EVENT_IFACE_SERVING_STATE_ACTIVE;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    Log.wtf(TAG, "Unknown interface state: " + state);
+                    return;
             }
-        };
-    }
-
-    // TODO: Move into TetherMainSM.
-    private void notifyInterfaceStateChange(IpServer who, int state, int error) {
-        final String iface = who.interfaceName();
-        final TetherState tetherState = mTetherStates.get(iface);
-        if (tetherState != null && tetherState.ipServer.equals(who)) {
-            tetherState.lastState = state;
-            tetherState.lastError = error;
-        } else {
-            if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "got notification from stale iface " + iface);
+            mTetherMainSM.sendMessage(which, state, 0, who);
+            sendTetherStateChangedBroadcast();
         }
 
-        mLog.log(String.format("OBSERVED iface=%s state=%s error=%s", iface, state, error));
-
-        // If TetherMainSM is in ErrorState, TetherMainSM stays there.
-        // Thus we give a chance for TetherMainSM to recover to InitialState
-        // by sending CMD_CLEAR_ERROR
-        if (error == TETHER_ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR) {
-            mTetherMainSM.sendMessage(TetherMainSM.CMD_CLEAR_ERROR, who);
-        }
-        int which;
-        switch (state) {
-            case IpServer.STATE_UNAVAILABLE:
-            case IpServer.STATE_AVAILABLE:
-                which = TetherMainSM.EVENT_IFACE_SERVING_STATE_INACTIVE;
-                break;
-            case IpServer.STATE_TETHERED:
-            case IpServer.STATE_LOCAL_ONLY:
-                which = TetherMainSM.EVENT_IFACE_SERVING_STATE_ACTIVE;
-                break;
-            default:
-                Log.wtf(TAG, "Unknown interface state: " + state);
+        @Override
+        public void updateLinkProperties(IpServer who, LinkProperties newLp) {
+            final String iface = who.interfaceName();
+            final int state;
+            final TetherState tetherState = mTetherStates.get(iface);
+            if (tetherState != null && tetherState.ipServer.equals(who)) {
+                state = tetherState.lastState;
+            } else {
+                mLog.log("got notification from stale iface " + iface);
                 return;
-        }
-        mTetherMainSM.sendMessage(which, state, 0, who);
-        sendTetherStateChangedBroadcast();
-    }
+            }
 
-    private void notifyLinkPropertiesChanged(IpServer who, LinkProperties newLp) {
-        final String iface = who.interfaceName();
-        final int state;
-        final TetherState tetherState = mTetherStates.get(iface);
-        if (tetherState != null && tetherState.ipServer.equals(who)) {
-            state = tetherState.lastState;
-        } else {
-            mLog.log("got notification from stale iface " + iface);
-            return;
+            mLog.log(String.format(
+                    "OBSERVED LinkProperties update iface=%s state=%s lp=%s",
+                    iface, IpServer.getStateString(state), newLp));
+            final int which = TetherMainSM.EVENT_IFACE_UPDATE_LINKPROPERTIES;
+            mTetherMainSM.sendMessage(which, state, 0, newLp);
         }
 
-        mLog.log(String.format(
-                "OBSERVED LinkProperties update iface=%s state=%s lp=%s",
-                iface, IpServer.getStateString(state), newLp));
-        final int which = TetherMainSM.EVENT_IFACE_UPDATE_LINKPROPERTIES;
-        mTetherMainSM.sendMessage(which, state, 0, newLp);
+        @Override
+        public void dhcpLeasesChanged() {
+            maybeDhcpLeasesChanged();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void requestEnableTethering(int tetheringType, boolean enabled) {
+            mTetherMainSM.sendMessage(TetherMainSM.EVENT_REQUEST_CHANGE_DOWNSTREAM,
+                    tetheringType, 0, enabled ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
+        }
     }
 
     private boolean hasSystemFeature(final String feature) {
@@ -2851,7 +2842,7 @@
         mLog.i("adding IpServer for: " + iface);
         final TetherState tetherState = new TetherState(
                 new IpServer(iface, mHandler, interfaceType, mLog, mNetd, mBpfCoordinator,
-                        mRoutingCoordinator, makeControlCallback(), mConfig,
+                        mRoutingCoordinator, new ControlCallback(), mConfig,
                         mPrivateAddressCoordinator, mTetheringMetrics,
                         mDeps.getIpServerDependencies()), isNcm);
         mTetherStates.put(iface, tetherState);
@@ -2879,4 +2870,9 @@
             } catch (RemoteException e) { }
         });
     }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public TetherMainSM getTetherMainSMForTesting() {
+        return mTetherMainSM;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java
index c274165..d02e8e8 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
 
-import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.SdkUtil.LateSdk;
 import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
@@ -84,9 +83,9 @@
     /**
      * Get a reference to the UpstreamNetworkMonitor to be used by tethering.
      */
-    public UpstreamNetworkMonitor getUpstreamNetworkMonitor(Context ctx, StateMachine target,
-            SharedLog log, int what) {
-        return new UpstreamNetworkMonitor(ctx, target, log, what);
+    public UpstreamNetworkMonitor getUpstreamNetworkMonitor(Context ctx, Handler h,
+            SharedLog log, UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EventListener listener) {
+        return new UpstreamNetworkMonitor(ctx, h, log, listener);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
index ac2aa7b..7a05d74 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
-import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
 import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConnectivityManagerShimImpl;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.ConnectivityManagerShim;
@@ -111,9 +110,8 @@
 
     private final Context mContext;
     private final SharedLog mLog;
-    private final StateMachine mTarget;
     private final Handler mHandler;
-    private final int mWhat;
+    private final EventListener mEventListener;
     private final HashMap<Network, UpstreamNetworkState> mNetworkMap = new HashMap<>();
     private HashSet<IpPrefix> mLocalPrefixes;
     private ConnectivityManager mCM;
@@ -135,12 +133,11 @@
     private Network mDefaultInternetNetwork;
     private boolean mPreferTestNetworks;
 
-    public UpstreamNetworkMonitor(Context ctx, StateMachine tgt, SharedLog log, int what) {
+    public UpstreamNetworkMonitor(Context ctx, Handler h, SharedLog log, EventListener listener) {
         mContext = ctx;
-        mTarget = tgt;
-        mHandler = mTarget.getHandler();
+        mHandler = h;
         mLog = log.forSubComponent(TAG);
-        mWhat = what;
+        mEventListener = listener;
         mLocalPrefixes = new HashSet<>();
         mIsDefaultCellularUpstream = false;
         mCM = (ConnectivityManager) ctx.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
@@ -374,11 +371,12 @@
                     network, newNc));
         }
 
-        mNetworkMap.put(network, new UpstreamNetworkState(
-                prev.linkProperties, newNc, network));
+        final UpstreamNetworkState uns =
+                new UpstreamNetworkState(prev.linkProperties, newNc, network);
+        mNetworkMap.put(network, uns);
         // TODO: If sufficient information is available to select a more
         // preferable upstream, do so now and notify the target.
-        notifyTarget(EVENT_ON_CAPABILITIES, network);
+        mEventListener.onUpstreamEvent(EVENT_ON_CAPABILITIES, uns);
     }
 
     private @Nullable UpstreamNetworkState updateLinkProperties(@NonNull Network network,
@@ -411,7 +409,7 @@
     private void handleLinkProp(Network network, LinkProperties newLp) {
         final UpstreamNetworkState ns = updateLinkProperties(network, newLp);
         if (ns != null) {
-            notifyTarget(EVENT_ON_LINKPROPERTIES, ns);
+            mEventListener.onUpstreamEvent(EVENT_ON_LINKPROPERTIES, ns);
         }
     }
 
@@ -438,7 +436,7 @@
         // preferable upstream, do so now and notify the target.  Likewise,
         // if the current upstream network is gone, notify the target of the
         // fact that we now have no upstream at all.
-        notifyTarget(EVENT_ON_LOST, mNetworkMap.remove(network));
+        mEventListener.onUpstreamEvent(EVENT_ON_LOST, mNetworkMap.remove(network));
     }
 
     private void maybeHandleNetworkSwitch(@NonNull Network network) {
@@ -456,14 +454,14 @@
         // Default network changed. Update local data and notify tethering.
         Log.d(TAG, "New default Internet network: " + network);
         mDefaultInternetNetwork = network;
-        notifyTarget(EVENT_DEFAULT_SWITCHED, ns);
+        mEventListener.onUpstreamEvent(EVENT_DEFAULT_SWITCHED, ns);
     }
 
     private void recomputeLocalPrefixes() {
         final HashSet<IpPrefix> localPrefixes = allLocalPrefixes(mNetworkMap.values());
         if (!mLocalPrefixes.equals(localPrefixes)) {
             mLocalPrefixes = localPrefixes;
-            notifyTarget(NOTIFY_LOCAL_PREFIXES, localPrefixes.clone());
+            mEventListener.onUpstreamEvent(NOTIFY_LOCAL_PREFIXES, localPrefixes.clone());
         }
     }
 
@@ -502,12 +500,13 @@
                 // onLinkPropertiesChanged right after this method and mDefaultInternetNetwork will
                 // be updated then.
                 //
-                // Technically, not updating here isn't necessary, because the notifications to
-                // Tethering sent by notifyTarget are messages sent to a state machine running on
-                // the same thread as this method, and so cannot arrive until after this method has
-                // returned. However, it is not a good idea to rely on that because fact that
-                // Tethering uses multiple state machines running on the same thread is a major
-                // source of race conditions and something that should be fixed.
+                // Technically, mDefaultInternetNetwork could be updated here, because the
+                // Callback#onChange implementation sends messages to the state machine running
+                // on the same thread as this method. If there is new default network change,
+                // the message cannot arrive until onLinkPropertiesChanged returns.
+                // However, it is not a good idea to rely on that because fact that Tethering uses
+                // multiple state machines running on the same thread is a major source of race
+                // conditions and something that should be fixed.
                 //
                 // TODO: is it correct that this code always updates EntitlementManager?
                 // This code runs when the default network connects or changes capabilities, but the
@@ -551,7 +550,7 @@
                 mIsDefaultCellularUpstream = false;
                 mEntitlementMgr.notifyUpstream(false);
                 Log.d(TAG, "Lost default Internet network: " + network);
-                notifyTarget(EVENT_DEFAULT_SWITCHED, null);
+                mEventListener.onUpstreamEvent(EVENT_DEFAULT_SWITCHED, null);
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -569,14 +568,6 @@
         if (cb != null) cm().unregisterNetworkCallback(cb);
     }
 
-    private void notifyTarget(int which, Network network) {
-        notifyTarget(which, mNetworkMap.get(network));
-    }
-
-    private void notifyTarget(int which, Object obj) {
-        mTarget.sendMessage(mWhat, which, 0, obj);
-    }
-
     private static class TypeStatePair {
         public int type = TYPE_NONE;
         public UpstreamNetworkState ns = null;
@@ -698,4 +689,10 @@
     public void setPreferTestNetworks(boolean prefer) {
         mPreferTestNetworks = prefer;
     }
+
+    /** An interface to notify upstream network changes. */
+    public interface EventListener {
+        /** Notify the client of some event */
+        void onUpstreamEvent(int what, Object obj);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java
index 01600b8..47ecf58 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/BpfCoordinatorTest.java
@@ -1280,9 +1280,9 @@
         final Ipv6DownstreamRule rule = buildTestDownstreamRule(mobileIfIndex, NEIGH_A, MAC_A);
 
         final TetherDownstream6Key key = rule.makeTetherDownstream6Key();
-        assertEquals(key.iif, mobileIfIndex);
-        assertEquals(key.dstMac, MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS);  // rawip upstream
-        assertTrue(Arrays.equals(key.neigh6, NEIGH_A.getAddress()));
+        assertEquals(mobileIfIndex, key.iif);
+        assertEquals(MacAddress.ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS, key.dstMac);  // rawip upstream
+        assertArrayEquals(NEIGH_A.getAddress(), key.neigh6);
         // iif (4) + dstMac(6) + padding(2) + neigh6 (16) = 28.
         assertEquals(28, key.writeToBytes().length);
     }
@@ -1293,12 +1293,12 @@
         final Ipv6DownstreamRule rule = buildTestDownstreamRule(mobileIfIndex, NEIGH_A, MAC_A);
 
         final Tether6Value value = rule.makeTether6Value();
-        assertEquals(value.oif, DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX);
-        assertEquals(value.ethDstMac, MAC_A);
-        assertEquals(value.ethSrcMac, DOWNSTREAM_MAC);
-        assertEquals(value.ethProto, ETH_P_IPV6);
-        assertEquals(value.pmtu, NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_MTU);
-        // oif (4) + ethDstMac (6) + ethSrcMac (6) + ethProto (2) + pmtu (2) = 20.
+        assertEquals(DOWNSTREAM_IFINDEX, value.oif);
+        assertEquals(MAC_A, value.ethDstMac);
+        assertEquals(DOWNSTREAM_MAC, value.ethSrcMac);
+        assertEquals(ETH_P_IPV6, value.ethProto);
+        assertEquals(NetworkStackConstants.ETHER_MTU, value.pmtu);
+        // oif (4) + ethDstMac (6) + ethSrcMac (6) + ethProto (2) + pmtu (2) = 20
         assertEquals(20, value.writeToBytes().length);
     }
 
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
index 6eba590..5877fc5 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
@@ -187,7 +187,6 @@
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
-import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
 import com.android.internal.util.test.BroadcastInterceptingContext;
 import com.android.internal.util.test.FakeSettingsProvider;
 import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
@@ -310,6 +309,7 @@
     private BroadcastReceiver mBroadcastReceiver;
     private Tethering mTethering;
     private TestTetheringEventCallback mTetheringEventCallback;
+    private Tethering.TetherMainSM mTetherMainSM;
     private PhoneStateListener mPhoneStateListener;
     private InterfaceConfigurationParcel mInterfaceConfiguration;
     private TetheringConfiguration mConfig;
@@ -319,6 +319,7 @@
     private SoftApCallback mSoftApCallback;
     private SoftApCallback mLocalOnlyHotspotCallback;
     private UpstreamNetworkMonitor mUpstreamNetworkMonitor;
+    private UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EventListener mEventListener;
     private TetheredInterfaceCallbackShim mTetheredInterfaceCallbackShim;
 
     private TestConnectivityManager mCm;
@@ -432,7 +433,6 @@
     }
 
     public class MockTetheringDependencies extends TetheringDependencies {
-        StateMachine mUpstreamNetworkMonitorSM;
         ArrayList<IpServer> mAllDownstreams;
 
         @Override
@@ -456,12 +456,12 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public UpstreamNetworkMonitor getUpstreamNetworkMonitor(Context ctx,
-                StateMachine target, SharedLog log, int what) {
+        public UpstreamNetworkMonitor getUpstreamNetworkMonitor(Context ctx, Handler h,
+                SharedLog log, UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EventListener listener) {
             // Use a real object instead of a mock so that some tests can use a real UNM and some
             // can use a mock.
-            mUpstreamNetworkMonitorSM = target;
-            mUpstreamNetworkMonitor = spy(super.getUpstreamNetworkMonitor(ctx, target, log, what));
+            mEventListener = listener;
+            mUpstreamNetworkMonitor = spy(super.getUpstreamNetworkMonitor(ctx, h, log, listener));
             return mUpstreamNetworkMonitor;
         }
 
@@ -688,6 +688,7 @@
     private void initTetheringOnTestThread() throws Exception {
         mLooper = new TestLooper();
         mTethering = new Tethering(mTetheringDependencies);
+        mTetherMainSM = mTethering.getTetherMainSMForTesting();
         verify(mStatsManager, times(1)).registerNetworkStatsProvider(anyString(), any());
         verify(mNetd).registerUnsolicitedEventListener(any());
         verifyDefaultNetworkRequestFiled();
@@ -1182,10 +1183,7 @@
         initTetheringUpstream(upstreamState);
 
         // Upstream LinkProperties changed: UpstreamNetworkMonitor sends EVENT_ON_LINKPROPERTIES.
-        mTetheringDependencies.mUpstreamNetworkMonitorSM.sendMessage(
-                Tethering.TetherMainSM.EVENT_UPSTREAM_CALLBACK,
-                UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EVENT_ON_LINKPROPERTIES,
-                0,
+        mEventListener.onUpstreamEvent(UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EVENT_ON_LINKPROPERTIES,
                 upstreamState);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
 
@@ -2713,14 +2711,12 @@
     @Test
     public void testUpstreamNetworkChanged() throws Exception {
         initTetheringOnTestThread();
-        final Tethering.TetherMainSM stateMachine = (Tethering.TetherMainSM)
-                mTetheringDependencies.mUpstreamNetworkMonitorSM;
         final InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mNotificationUpdater);
 
         // Gain upstream.
         final UpstreamNetworkState upstreamState = buildMobileIPv4UpstreamState();
         initTetheringUpstream(upstreamState);
-        stateMachine.chooseUpstreamType(true);
+        mTetherMainSM.chooseUpstreamType(true);
         mTetheringEventCallback.expectUpstreamChanged(upstreamState.network);
         inOrder.verify(mNotificationUpdater)
                 .onUpstreamCapabilitiesChanged(upstreamState.networkCapabilities);
@@ -2728,7 +2724,7 @@
         // Set the upstream with the same network ID but different object and the same capability.
         final UpstreamNetworkState upstreamState2 = buildMobileIPv4UpstreamState();
         initTetheringUpstream(upstreamState2);
-        stateMachine.chooseUpstreamType(true);
+        mTetherMainSM.chooseUpstreamType(true);
         // Expect that no upstream change event and capabilities changed event.
         mTetheringEventCallback.assertNoUpstreamChangeCallback();
         inOrder.verify(mNotificationUpdater, never()).onUpstreamCapabilitiesChanged(any());
@@ -2738,17 +2734,17 @@
         assertFalse(upstreamState3.networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED));
         upstreamState3.networkCapabilities.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED);
         initTetheringUpstream(upstreamState3);
-        stateMachine.chooseUpstreamType(true);
+        mTetherMainSM.chooseUpstreamType(true);
         // Expect that no upstream change event and capabilities changed event.
         mTetheringEventCallback.assertNoUpstreamChangeCallback();
-        stateMachine.handleUpstreamNetworkMonitorCallback(EVENT_ON_CAPABILITIES, upstreamState3);
+        mTetherMainSM.handleUpstreamNetworkMonitorCallback(EVENT_ON_CAPABILITIES, upstreamState3);
         inOrder.verify(mNotificationUpdater)
                 .onUpstreamCapabilitiesChanged(upstreamState3.networkCapabilities);
 
 
         // Lose upstream.
         initTetheringUpstream(null);
-        stateMachine.chooseUpstreamType(true);
+        mTetherMainSM.chooseUpstreamType(true);
         mTetheringEventCallback.expectUpstreamChanged(NULL_NETWORK);
         inOrder.verify(mNotificationUpdater).onUpstreamCapabilitiesChanged(null);
     }
@@ -2756,17 +2752,15 @@
     @Test
     public void testUpstreamCapabilitiesChanged() throws Exception {
         initTetheringOnTestThread();
-        final Tethering.TetherMainSM stateMachine = (Tethering.TetherMainSM)
-                mTetheringDependencies.mUpstreamNetworkMonitorSM;
         final InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mNotificationUpdater);
         final UpstreamNetworkState upstreamState = buildMobileIPv4UpstreamState();
         initTetheringUpstream(upstreamState);
 
-        stateMachine.chooseUpstreamType(true);
+        mTetherMainSM.chooseUpstreamType(true);
         inOrder.verify(mNotificationUpdater)
                 .onUpstreamCapabilitiesChanged(upstreamState.networkCapabilities);
 
-        stateMachine.handleUpstreamNetworkMonitorCallback(EVENT_ON_CAPABILITIES, upstreamState);
+        mTetherMainSM.handleUpstreamNetworkMonitorCallback(EVENT_ON_CAPABILITIES, upstreamState);
         inOrder.verify(mNotificationUpdater)
                 .onUpstreamCapabilitiesChanged(upstreamState.networkCapabilities);
 
@@ -2775,7 +2769,7 @@
         // Expect that capability is changed with new capability VALIDATED.
         assertFalse(upstreamState.networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED));
         upstreamState.networkCapabilities.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED);
-        stateMachine.handleUpstreamNetworkMonitorCallback(EVENT_ON_CAPABILITIES, upstreamState);
+        mTetherMainSM.handleUpstreamNetworkMonitorCallback(EVENT_ON_CAPABILITIES, upstreamState);
         inOrder.verify(mNotificationUpdater)
                 .onUpstreamCapabilitiesChanged(upstreamState.networkCapabilities);
 
@@ -2784,7 +2778,7 @@
         final UpstreamNetworkState upstreamState2 = new UpstreamNetworkState(
                 upstreamState.linkProperties, upstreamState.networkCapabilities,
                 new Network(WIFI_NETID));
-        stateMachine.handleUpstreamNetworkMonitorCallback(EVENT_ON_CAPABILITIES, upstreamState2);
+        mTetherMainSM.handleUpstreamNetworkMonitorCallback(EVENT_ON_CAPABILITIES, upstreamState2);
         inOrder.verify(mNotificationUpdater, never()).onUpstreamCapabilitiesChanged(any());
     }
 
@@ -2907,11 +2901,7 @@
             final String iface, final int transportType) {
         final UpstreamNetworkState upstream = buildV4UpstreamState(ipv4Address, network, iface,
                 transportType);
-        mTetheringDependencies.mUpstreamNetworkMonitorSM.sendMessage(
-                Tethering.TetherMainSM.EVENT_UPSTREAM_CALLBACK,
-                UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EVENT_ON_LINKPROPERTIES,
-                0,
-                upstream);
+        mEventListener.onUpstreamEvent(UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EVENT_ON_LINKPROPERTIES, upstream);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
     }
 
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java
index e756bd3..045c0cb 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java
@@ -30,10 +30,12 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.argThat;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyString;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
@@ -51,27 +53,23 @@
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Handler;
-import android.os.Looper;
-import android.os.Message;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
 
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
-import com.android.internal.util.State;
-import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
 import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TestConnectivityManager.NetworkRequestInfo;
 import com.android.networkstack.tethering.TestConnectivityManager.TestNetworkAgent;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreAfter;
 
-import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.InOrder;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
@@ -84,8 +82,6 @@
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
 public class UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest {
-    private static final int EVENT_UNM_UPDATE = 1;
-
     private static final boolean INCLUDES = true;
     private static final boolean EXCLUDES = false;
 
@@ -102,12 +98,13 @@
     @Mock private EntitlementManager mEntitleMgr;
     @Mock private IConnectivityManager mCS;
     @Mock private SharedLog mLog;
+    @Mock private UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EventListener mListener;
 
-    private TestStateMachine mSM;
     private TestConnectivityManager mCM;
     private UpstreamNetworkMonitor mUNM;
 
     private final TestLooper mLooper = new TestLooper();
+    private InOrder mCallbackOrder;
 
     @Before public void setUp() throws Exception {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
@@ -117,17 +114,11 @@
         when(mLog.forSubComponent(anyString())).thenReturn(mLog);
         when(mEntitleMgr.isCellularUpstreamPermitted()).thenReturn(true);
 
+        mCallbackOrder = inOrder(mListener);
         mCM = spy(new TestConnectivityManager(mContext, mCS));
         when(mContext.getSystemService(eq(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE))).thenReturn(mCM);
-        mSM = new TestStateMachine(mLooper.getLooper());
-        mUNM = new UpstreamNetworkMonitor(mContext, mSM, mLog, EVENT_UNM_UPDATE);
-    }
-
-    @After public void tearDown() throws Exception {
-        if (mSM != null) {
-            mSM.quit();
-            mSM = null;
-        }
+        mUNM = new UpstreamNetworkMonitor(mContext, new Handler(mLooper.getLooper()), mLog,
+                mListener);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -603,14 +594,17 @@
         mCM.makeDefaultNetwork(cellAgent);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verifyCurrentLinkProperties(cellAgent);
-        int messageIndex = mSM.messages.size() - 1;
+        verifyNotifyNetworkCapabilitiesChange(cellAgent.networkCapabilities);
+        verifyNotifyLinkPropertiesChange(cellLp);
+        verifyNotifyDefaultSwitch(cellAgent);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mListener);
 
         addLinkAddresses(cellLp, ipv6Addr1);
         mCM.sendLinkProperties(cellAgent, false /* updateDefaultFirst */);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         verifyCurrentLinkProperties(cellAgent);
-        verifyNotifyLinkPropertiesChange(messageIndex);
-        messageIndex = mSM.messages.size() - 1;
+        verifyNotifyLinkPropertiesChange(cellLp);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mListener);
 
         removeLinkAddresses(cellLp, ipv6Addr1);
         addLinkAddresses(cellLp, ipv6Addr2);
@@ -618,7 +612,8 @@
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
         assertEquals(cellAgent.linkProperties, mUNM.getCurrentPreferredUpstream().linkProperties);
         verifyCurrentLinkProperties(cellAgent);
-        verifyNotifyLinkPropertiesChange(messageIndex);
+        verifyNotifyLinkPropertiesChange(cellLp);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mListener);
     }
 
     private void verifyCurrentLinkProperties(TestNetworkAgent agent) {
@@ -626,12 +621,33 @@
         assertEquals(agent.linkProperties, mUNM.getCurrentPreferredUpstream().linkProperties);
     }
 
-    private void verifyNotifyLinkPropertiesChange(int lastMessageIndex) {
-        assertEquals(UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EVENT_ON_LINKPROPERTIES,
-                mSM.messages.get(++lastMessageIndex).arg1);
-        assertEquals(UpstreamNetworkMonitor.NOTIFY_LOCAL_PREFIXES,
-                mSM.messages.get(++lastMessageIndex).arg1);
-        assertEquals(lastMessageIndex + 1, mSM.messages.size());
+    private void verifyNotifyNetworkCapabilitiesChange(final NetworkCapabilities cap) {
+        mCallbackOrder.verify(mListener).onUpstreamEvent(
+                eq(UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EVENT_ON_CAPABILITIES),
+                argThat(uns -> uns instanceof UpstreamNetworkState
+                    && cap.equals(((UpstreamNetworkState) uns).networkCapabilities)));
+
+    }
+
+    private void verifyNotifyLinkPropertiesChange(final LinkProperties lp) {
+        mCallbackOrder.verify(mListener).onUpstreamEvent(
+                eq(UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EVENT_ON_LINKPROPERTIES),
+                argThat(uns -> uns instanceof UpstreamNetworkState
+                    && lp.equals(((UpstreamNetworkState) uns).linkProperties)));
+
+        mCallbackOrder.verify(mListener).onUpstreamEvent(
+                eq(UpstreamNetworkMonitor.NOTIFY_LOCAL_PREFIXES), any());
+    }
+
+    private void verifyNotifyDefaultSwitch(TestNetworkAgent agent) {
+        mCallbackOrder.verify(mListener).onUpstreamEvent(
+                eq(UpstreamNetworkMonitor.EVENT_DEFAULT_SWITCHED),
+                argThat(uns ->
+                    uns instanceof UpstreamNetworkState
+                    && agent.networkId.equals(((UpstreamNetworkState) uns).network)
+                    && agent.linkProperties.equals(((UpstreamNetworkState) uns).linkProperties)
+                    && agent.networkCapabilities.equals(
+                        ((UpstreamNetworkState) uns).networkCapabilities)));
     }
 
     private void addLinkAddresses(LinkProperties lp, String... addrs) {
@@ -673,33 +689,6 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    public static class TestStateMachine extends StateMachine {
-        public final ArrayList<Message> messages = new ArrayList<>();
-        private final State mLoggingState = new LoggingState();
-
-        class LoggingState extends State {
-            @Override public void enter() {
-                messages.clear();
-            }
-
-            @Override public void exit() {
-                messages.clear();
-            }
-
-            @Override public boolean processMessage(Message msg) {
-                messages.add(msg);
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-
-        public TestStateMachine(Looper looper) {
-            super("UpstreamNetworkMonitor.TestStateMachine", looper);
-            addState(mLoggingState);
-            setInitialState(mLoggingState);
-            super.start();
-        }
-    }
-
     static void assertPrefixSet(Set<IpPrefix> prefixes, boolean expectation, String... expected) {
         final Set<String> expectedSet = new HashSet<>();
         Collections.addAll(expectedSet, expected);
diff --git a/common/flags.aconfig b/common/flags.aconfig
index b85c2fe..ad78d62 100644
--- a/common/flags.aconfig
+++ b/common/flags.aconfig
@@ -15,13 +15,6 @@
 }
 
 flag {
-  name: "nsd_expired_services_removal"
-  namespace: "android_core_networking"
-  description: "Remove expired services from MdnsServiceCache"
-  bug: "304649384"
-}
-
-flag {
   name: "set_data_saver_via_cm"
   namespace: "android_core_networking"
   description: "Set data saver through ConnectivityManager API"
@@ -41,3 +34,10 @@
   description: "Block network access for apps in a low importance background state"
   bug: "304347838"
 }
+
+flag {
+  name: "register_nsd_offload_engine"
+  namespace: "android_core_networking"
+  description: "The flag controls the access for registerOffloadEngine API in NsdManager"
+  bug: "294777050"
+}
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
index ef0e34b..dae8914 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback;
+import android.net.ConnectivityThread;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.os.Handler;
-import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.os.Looper;
 import android.os.Message;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
@@ -632,10 +632,9 @@
      */
     public NsdManager(Context context, INsdManager service) {
         mContext = context;
-
-        HandlerThread t = new HandlerThread("NsdManager");
-        t.start();
-        mHandler = new ServiceHandler(t.getLooper());
+        // Use a common singleton thread ConnectivityThread to be shared among all nsd tasks.
+        // Instead of launching separate threads to handle tasks from the various instances.
+        mHandler = new ServiceHandler(ConnectivityThread.getInstanceLooper());
 
         try {
             mService = service.connect(new NsdCallbackImpl(mHandler), CompatChanges.isChangeEnabled(
diff --git a/framework/Android.bp b/framework/Android.bp
index fab37e9..10acbd0 100644
--- a/framework/Android.bp
+++ b/framework/Android.bp
@@ -94,7 +94,9 @@
         "framework-wifi.stubs.module_lib",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "mdns_aidl_interface-lateststable-java",
+        // Not using the latest stable version because all functions in the latest version of
+        // mdns_aidl_interface are deprecated.
+        "mdns_aidl_interface-V1-java",
         "modules-utils-backgroundthread",
         "modules-utils-build",
         "modules-utils-preconditions",
@@ -266,7 +268,7 @@
         ":framework-connectivity-t-pre-jarjar{.jar}",
         ":framework-connectivity.stubs.module_lib{.jar}",
         ":framework-connectivity-t.stubs.module_lib{.jar}",
-        ":framework-connectivity-flagged-apis{.jar}",
+        ":framework-connectivity-module-api-stubs-including-flagged{.jar}",
         "jarjar-excludes.txt",
     ],
     tools: [
@@ -279,7 +281,7 @@
         "--prefix android.net.connectivity " +
         "--apistubs $(location :framework-connectivity.stubs.module_lib{.jar}) " +
         "--apistubs $(location :framework-connectivity-t.stubs.module_lib{.jar}) " +
-        "--apistubs $(location :framework-connectivity-flagged-apis{.jar}) " +
+        "--apistubs $(location :framework-connectivity-module-api-stubs-including-flagged{.jar}) " +
         // Make a ":"-separated list. There will be an extra ":" but empty items are ignored.
         "--unsupportedapi $$(printf ':%s' $(locations :connectivity-hiddenapi-files)) " +
         "--excludes $(location jarjar-excludes.txt) " +
@@ -292,7 +294,7 @@
 }
 
 droidstubs {
-    name: "framework-connectivity-flagged-apis-droidstubs",
+    name: "framework-connectivity-module-api-stubs-including-flagged-droidstubs",
     srcs: [
         ":framework-connectivity-sources",
         ":framework-connectivity-tiramisu-updatable-sources",
@@ -300,7 +302,6 @@
         ":framework-thread-sources",
     ],
     flags: [
-        "--show-annotation android.annotation.FlaggedApi",
         "--show-for-stub-purposes-annotation android.annotation.SystemApi" +
         "\\(client=android.annotation.SystemApi.Client.PRIVILEGED_APPS\\)",
         "--show-for-stub-purposes-annotation android.annotation.SystemApi" +
@@ -315,8 +316,8 @@
 }
 
 java_library {
-    name: "framework-connectivity-flagged-apis",
-    srcs: [":framework-connectivity-flagged-apis-droidstubs"],
+    name: "framework-connectivity-module-api-stubs-including-flagged",
+    srcs: [":framework-connectivity-module-api-stubs-including-flagged-droidstubs"],
 }
 
 // Library providing limited APIs within the connectivity module, so that R+ components like
diff --git a/service/Android.bp b/service/Android.bp
index 76741bc..e2dab9e 100644
--- a/service/Android.bp
+++ b/service/Android.bp
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
         "androidx.annotation_annotation",
         "connectivity-net-module-utils-bpf",
         "connectivity_native_aidl_interface-lateststable-java",
-        "dnsresolver_aidl_interface-V12-java",
+        "dnsresolver_aidl_interface-V13-java",
         "modules-utils-shell-command-handler",
         "net-utils-device-common",
         "net-utils-device-common-ip",
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRanker.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRanker.java
index c473444..d94c8dc 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRanker.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRanker.java
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL;
-import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_PRIORITIZE_BANDWIDTH;
-import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_PRIORITIZE_LATENCY;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_BLUETOOTH;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_ETHERNET;
@@ -223,19 +221,6 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns whether the scorable has any of the PRIORITIZE_* capabilities.
-     *
-     * These capabilities code for customer slices, and a network that has one is a customer slice.
-     */
-    private boolean hasPrioritizedCapability(@NonNull final Scoreable nai) {
-        final NetworkCapabilities caps = nai.getCapsNoCopy();
-        final long anyPrioritizeCapability =
-                (1L << NET_CAPABILITY_PRIORITIZE_LATENCY)
-                | (1L << NET_CAPABILITY_PRIORITIZE_BANDWIDTH);
-        return 0 != (caps.getCapabilitiesInternal() & anyPrioritizeCapability);
-    }
-
-    /**
      * Get the best network among a list of candidates according to policy.
      * @param candidates the candidates
      * @param currentSatisfier the current satisfier, or null if none
@@ -339,12 +324,6 @@
         // change from the previous result. If there were, it's guaranteed candidates.size() > 0
         // because accepted.size() > 0 above.
 
-        // If any network is not a slice with prioritized bandwidth or latency, don't choose one
-        // that is.
-        partitionInto(candidates, nai -> !hasPrioritizedCapability(nai), accepted, rejected);
-        if (accepted.size() == 1) return accepted.get(0);
-        if (accepted.size() > 0 && rejected.size() > 0) candidates = new ArrayList<>(accepted);
-
         // If some of the networks have a better transport than others, keep only the ones with
         // the best transports.
         for (final int transport : PREFERRED_TRANSPORTS_ORDER) {
diff --git a/staticlibs/Android.bp b/staticlibs/Android.bp
index 6325b46..9f1debc 100644
--- a/staticlibs/Android.bp
+++ b/staticlibs/Android.bp
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
 java_library {
     name: "net-utils-device-common-netlink",
     srcs: [
-        "device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/*.java",
+        "device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/**/*.java",
     ],
     sdk_version: "module_current",
     min_sdk_version: "30",
diff --git a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/OWNERS b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97b4da0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Bug component: 1364804
+
+per-file **Xfrm* = file:platform/frameworks/base:main:/services/core/java/com/android/server/vcn/OWNERS
diff --git a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecStructXfrmAddressT.java b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/StructXfrmAddressT.java
similarity index 86%
rename from staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecStructXfrmAddressT.java
rename to staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/StructXfrmAddressT.java
index 4c19887..cef1f56 100644
--- a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecStructXfrmAddressT.java
+++ b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/StructXfrmAddressT.java
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.net.module.util.netlink;
+package com.android.net.module.util.netlink.xfrm;
+
+import static com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.IPV4_ADDR_LEN;
 
 import android.system.OsConstants;
 
@@ -41,21 +43,19 @@
  *
  * @hide
  */
-public class IpSecStructXfrmAddressT extends Struct {
-    private static final int IPV4_ADDRESS_LEN = 4;
-
+public class StructXfrmAddressT extends Struct {
     public static final int STRUCT_SIZE = 16;
 
     @Field(order = 0, type = Type.ByteArray, arraysize = STRUCT_SIZE)
     public final byte[] address;
 
     // Constructor that allows Strutc.parse(Class<T>, ByteBuffer) to work
-    public IpSecStructXfrmAddressT(@NonNull byte[] address) {
+    public StructXfrmAddressT(@NonNull final byte[] address) {
         this.address = address.clone();
     }
 
     // Constructor to build a new message
-    public IpSecStructXfrmAddressT(@NonNull InetAddress inetAddress) {
+    public StructXfrmAddressT(@NonNull final InetAddress inetAddress) {
         this.address = new byte[STRUCT_SIZE];
         final byte[] addressBytes = inetAddress.getAddress();
         System.arraycopy(addressBytes, 0, address, 0, addressBytes.length);
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
         if (family == OsConstants.AF_INET6) {
             addressBytes = this.address;
         } else if (family == OsConstants.AF_INET) {
-            addressBytes = new byte[IPV4_ADDRESS_LEN];
+            addressBytes = new byte[IPV4_ADDR_LEN];
             System.arraycopy(this.address, 0, addressBytes, 0, addressBytes.length);
         } else {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid IP family " + family);
diff --git a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecStructXfrmUsersaId.java b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/StructXfrmUsersaId.java
similarity index 76%
rename from staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecStructXfrmUsersaId.java
rename to staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/StructXfrmUsersaId.java
index 6f7b656..5ebc69c 100644
--- a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecStructXfrmUsersaId.java
+++ b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/StructXfrmUsersaId.java
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.net.module.util.netlink;
+package com.android.net.module.util.netlink.xfrm;
 
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
  *
  * @hide
  */
-public class IpSecStructXfrmUsersaId extends Struct {
+public class StructXfrmUsersaId extends Struct {
     public static final int STRUCT_SIZE = 24;
 
     @Field(order = 0, type = Type.ByteArray, arraysize = 16)
@@ -55,23 +55,23 @@
     @Field(order = 3, type = Type.U8, padding = 1)
     public final short proto;
 
-    @Computed private final IpSecStructXfrmAddressT mDestXfrmAddressT;
+    @Computed private final StructXfrmAddressT mDestXfrmAddressT;
 
     // Constructor that allows Strutc.parse(Class<T>, ByteBuffer) to work
-    public IpSecStructXfrmUsersaId(
-            @NonNull byte[] nestedStructDAddr, long spi, int family, short proto) {
+    public StructXfrmUsersaId(
+            @NonNull final byte[] nestedStructDAddr, long spi, int family, short proto) {
         this.nestedStructDAddr = nestedStructDAddr.clone();
         this.spi = spi;
         this.family = family;
         this.proto = proto;
 
-        mDestXfrmAddressT = new IpSecStructXfrmAddressT(this.nestedStructDAddr);
+        mDestXfrmAddressT = new StructXfrmAddressT(this.nestedStructDAddr);
     }
 
     // Constructor to build a new message
-    public IpSecStructXfrmUsersaId(
-            @NonNull InetAddress destAddress, long spi, int family, short proto) {
-        this(new IpSecStructXfrmAddressT(destAddress).writeToBytes(), spi, family, proto);
+    public StructXfrmUsersaId(
+            @NonNull final InetAddress destAddress, long spi, int family, short proto) {
+        this(new StructXfrmAddressT(destAddress).writeToBytes(), spi, family, proto);
     }
 
     /** Return the destination address */
diff --git a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecXfrmNetlinkMessage.java b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/XfrmNetlinkMessage.java
similarity index 81%
rename from staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecXfrmNetlinkMessage.java
rename to staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/XfrmNetlinkMessage.java
index 8ad784b..ee34e57 100644
--- a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecXfrmNetlinkMessage.java
+++ b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/XfrmNetlinkMessage.java
@@ -14,21 +14,24 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.net.module.util.netlink;
+package com.android.net.module.util.netlink.xfrm;
 
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 
+import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkMessage;
+import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.StructNlMsgHdr;
+
 /** Base calss for XFRM netlink messages */
 // Developer notes: The Linux kernel includes a number of XFRM structs that are not standard netlink
 // attributes (e.g., xfrm_usersa_id). These structs are unlikely to change size, so this XFRM
 // netlink message implementation assumes their sizes will remain stable. If any non-attribute
 // struct size changes, it should be caught by CTS and then developers should add
 // kernel-version-based behvaiours.
-public abstract class IpSecXfrmNetlinkMessage extends NetlinkMessage {
+public abstract class XfrmNetlinkMessage extends NetlinkMessage {
     // TODO: STOPSHIP: b/308011229 Remove it when OsConstants.IPPROTO_ESP is exposed
     public static final int IPPROTO_ESP = 50;
 
-    public IpSecXfrmNetlinkMessage(@NonNull StructNlMsgHdr header) {
+    public XfrmNetlinkMessage(@NonNull final StructNlMsgHdr header) {
         super(header);
     }
 
diff --git a/staticlibs/netd/Android.bp b/staticlibs/netd/Android.bp
index 56565ed..637a938 100644
--- a/staticlibs/netd/Android.bp
+++ b/staticlibs/netd/Android.bp
@@ -225,19 +225,6 @@
 
 }
 
-java_library {
-    name: "mdns_aidl_interface-lateststable-java",
-    sdk_version: "module_current",
-    min_sdk_version: "30",
-    static_libs: [
-        "mdns_aidl_interface-V1-java",
-    ],
-    apex_available: [
-        "//apex_available:platform",
-        "com.android.tethering",
-    ],
-}
-
 aidl_interface {
     name: "mdns_aidl_interface",
     local_include_dir: "binder",
diff --git a/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecStructXfrmUsersaIdTest.java b/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/StructXfrmUsersaIdTest.java
similarity index 84%
rename from staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecStructXfrmUsersaIdTest.java
rename to staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/StructXfrmUsersaIdTest.java
index 4266f68..52fd591 100644
--- a/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/IpSecStructXfrmUsersaIdTest.java
+++ b/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/xfrm/StructXfrmUsersaIdTest.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.net.module.util.netlink;
+package com.android.net.module.util.netlink.xfrm;
 
-import static com.android.net.module.util.netlink.IpSecXfrmNetlinkMessage.IPPROTO_ESP;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.netlink.xfrm.XfrmNetlinkMessage.IPPROTO_ESP;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
-public class IpSecStructXfrmUsersaIdTest {
+public class StructXfrmUsersaIdTest {
     private static final String EXPECTED_HEX_STRING =
             "C0000201000000000000000000000000" + "7768440002003200";
     private static final byte[] EXPECTED_HEX = HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(EXPECTED_HEX_STRING);
@@ -50,8 +50,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testEncode() throws Exception {
-        final IpSecStructXfrmUsersaId struct =
-                new IpSecStructXfrmUsersaId(DEST_ADDRESS, SPI, FAMILY, PROTO);
+        final StructXfrmUsersaId struct = new StructXfrmUsersaId(DEST_ADDRESS, SPI, FAMILY, PROTO);
 
         ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(EXPECTED_HEX.length);
         buffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
@@ -65,8 +64,8 @@
         final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(EXPECTED_HEX);
         buffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
 
-        final IpSecStructXfrmUsersaId struct =
-                IpSecStructXfrmUsersaId.parse(IpSecStructXfrmUsersaId.class, buffer);
+        final StructXfrmUsersaId struct =
+                StructXfrmUsersaId.parse(StructXfrmUsersaId.class, buffer);
 
         assertEquals(DEST_ADDRESS, struct.getDestAddress());
         assertEquals(SPI, struct.spi);
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
index 778f0c5..58f6d58 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
@@ -278,10 +278,8 @@
     private static final int MIN_KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL = 10;
 
     private static final int NETWORK_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 30_000;
-    // Timeout for waiting network to be validated. Set the timeout to 30s, which is more than
-    // DNS timeout.
-    // TODO(b/252972908): reset the original timer when aosp/2188755 is ramped up.
-    private static final int LISTEN_ACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS = 30_000;
+    // Timeout for waiting network to be validated.
+    private static final int LISTEN_ACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS = 5_000;
     private static final int NO_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 100;
     private static final int NETWORK_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 3000;
     private static final int SOCKET_TIMEOUT_MS = 100;
diff --git a/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt b/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt
index 9b082a4..496d163 100644
--- a/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt
+++ b/tests/integration/src/com/android/server/net/integrationtests/ConnectivityServiceIntegrationTest.kt
@@ -255,7 +255,12 @@
         na.connect()
 
         testCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(na.network, TEST_TIMEOUT_MS)
-        assertEquals(2, nsInstrumentation.getRequestUrls().size)
+        val requestedSize = nsInstrumentation.getRequestUrls().size
+        if (requestedSize == 2 || (requestedSize == 1 &&
+                nsInstrumentation.getRequestUrls()[0] == httpsProbeUrl)) {
+            return
+        }
+        fail("Unexpected request urls: ${nsInstrumentation.getRequestUrls()}")
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java
index 0965193..550a9ee 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
+@DevSdkIgnoreRunner.MonitorThreadLeak
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
 @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NsdServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NsdServiceTest.java
index 771edb2..ffc8aa1 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NsdServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/NsdServiceTest.java
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@
 // TODOs:
 //  - test client can send requests and receive replies
 //  - test NSD_ON ENABLE/DISABLED listening
+@DevSdkIgnoreRunner.MonitorThreadLeak
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @SmallTest
 @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java
index 545ed16..afb9abd 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java
@@ -140,7 +140,8 @@
         assertResolverOptionsEquals(actual.resolverOptions, expected.resolverOptions);
         assertContainsExactly(actual.transportTypes, expected.transportTypes);
         assertEquals(actual.meteredNetwork, expected.meteredNetwork);
-        assertFieldCountEquals(17, ResolverParamsParcel.class);
+        assertEquals(actual.dohParams, expected.dohParams);
+        assertFieldCountEquals(18, ResolverParamsParcel.class);
     }
 
     @Before
@@ -381,6 +382,7 @@
         expectedParams.transportTypes = TEST_TRANSPORT_TYPES;
         expectedParams.resolverOptions = null;
         expectedParams.meteredNetwork = true;
+        expectedParams.dohParams = null;
         assertResolverParamsEquals(actualParams, expectedParams);
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRankerTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRankerTest.kt
index 87f7369..1e3f389 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRankerTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkRankerTest.kt
@@ -18,12 +18,9 @@
 
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL as NET_CAP_PORTAL
-import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET as NET_CAP_INTERNET
-import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_PRIORITIZE_BANDWIDTH as NET_CAP_PRIO_BW
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI
 import android.net.NetworkScore.KEEP_CONNECTED_NONE
-import android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_TRANSPORT_PRIMARY
 import android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_EXITING as EXITING
 import android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_TRANSPORT_PRIMARY as PRIMARY
 import android.net.NetworkScore.POLICY_YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI as YIELD_TO_BAD_WIFI
@@ -53,8 +50,8 @@
 class NetworkRankerTest(private val activelyPreferBadWifi: Boolean) {
     private val mRanker = NetworkRanker(NetworkRanker.Configuration(activelyPreferBadWifi))
 
-    private class TestScore(private val sc: FullScore, private val nc: NetworkCapabilities) :
-            NetworkRanker.Scoreable {
+    private class TestScore(private val sc: FullScore, private val nc: NetworkCapabilities)
+            : NetworkRanker.Scoreable {
         override fun getScore() = sc
         override fun getCapsNoCopy(): NetworkCapabilities = nc
     }
@@ -199,41 +196,4 @@
         val badExitingWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, EVER_VALIDATED, EXITING), CAPS_WIFI)
         assertEquals(cell, rank(cell, badExitingWifi))
     }
-
-    @Test
-    fun testValidatedPolicyStrongerThanSlice() {
-        val unvalidatedNonslice = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, NET_CAP_INTERNET))
-        val slice = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, IS_VALIDATED),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, NET_CAP_INTERNET, NET_CAP_PRIO_BW))
-        assertEquals(slice, rank(slice, unvalidatedNonslice))
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    fun testPrimaryPolicyStrongerThanSlice() {
-        val nonslice = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, NET_CAP_INTERNET))
-        val primarySlice = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, POLICY_TRANSPORT_PRIMARY),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, NET_CAP_INTERNET, NET_CAP_PRIO_BW))
-        assertEquals(primarySlice, rank(nonslice, primarySlice))
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    fun testPreferNonSlices() {
-        // Slices lose to non-slices for general ranking
-        val nonslice = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, IS_VALIDATED),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, NET_CAP_INTERNET))
-        val slice = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, IS_VALIDATED),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, NET_CAP_INTERNET, NET_CAP_PRIO_BW))
-        assertEquals(nonslice, rank(slice, nonslice))
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    fun testSlicePolicyStrongerThanTransport() {
-        val nonSliceCell = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, IS_VALIDATED),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, NET_CAP_INTERNET))
-        val sliceWifi = TestScore(score(EVER_EVALUATED, IS_VALIDATED),
-                caps(TRANSPORT_WIFI, NET_CAP_INTERNET, NET_CAP_PRIO_BW))
-        assertEquals(nonSliceCell, rank(nonSliceCell, sliceWifi))
-    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests.java
index 331a5b6..5251e2a 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests.java
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
 
 /** Tests for {@link MdnsDiscoveryManager}. */
+@DevSdkIgnoreRunner.MonitorThreadLeak
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
 public class MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests {
@@ -134,9 +135,10 @@
     }
 
     @After
-    public void tearDown() {
+    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
         if (thread != null) {
             thread.quitSafely();
+            thread.join();
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceCacheTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceCacheTest.kt
index 3cea5cb..b040ab6 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceCacheTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceCacheTest.kt
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 private const val TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME_MS = 123L
 private const val DEFAULT_TTL_TIME_MS = 120000L
 
+@DevSdkIgnoreRunner.MonitorThreadLeak
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
 @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 class MdnsServiceCacheTest {
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@
     @After
     fun tearDown() {
         thread.quitSafely()
+        thread.join()
     }
 
     private fun makeFlags(isExpiredServicesRemovalEnabled: Boolean = false) =
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClientTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClientTests.java
index 26a3796..7a2e4bf 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClientTests.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClientTests.java
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 /** Tests for {@link MdnsServiceTypeClient}. */
+@DevSdkIgnoreRunner.MonitorThreadLeak
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
 @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
 public class MdnsServiceTypeClientTests {
@@ -230,9 +231,10 @@
     }
 
     @After
-    public void tearDown() {
+    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
         if (thread != null) {
             thread.quitSafely();
+            thread.join();
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/internal/SocketNetlinkMonitorTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/internal/SocketNetlinkMonitorTest.kt
index c62a081..3e1dab8 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/internal/SocketNetlinkMonitorTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/internal/SocketNetlinkMonitorTest.kt
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 private val LINKADDRV4 = LinkAddress("192.0.2.0/24")
 private val IFACE_IDX = 32
 
+@DevSdkIgnoreRunner.MonitorThreadLeak
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
 @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 internal class SocketNetlinkMonitorTest {
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@
     @After
     fun tearDown() {
         thread.quitSafely()
+        thread.join()
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/Android.bp b/thread/demoapp/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da7a5f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_app {
+    name: "ThreadNetworkDemoApp",
+    srcs: ["java/**/*.java"],
+    min_sdk_version: "34",
+    resource_dirs: ["res"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "androidx-constraintlayout_constraintlayout",
+        "androidx.appcompat_appcompat",
+        "androidx.navigation_navigation-common",
+        "androidx.navigation_navigation-fragment",
+        "androidx.navigation_navigation-ui",
+        "com.google.android.material_material",
+        "guava",
+    ],
+    libs: [
+        "framework-connectivity-t",
+    ],
+    certificate: "platform",
+    privileged: true,
+    platform_apis: true,
+}
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/AndroidManifest.xml b/thread/demoapp/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c31bb71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    package="com.android.threadnetwork.demoapp">
+
+    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="34" android:targetSdkVersion="35"/>
+    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.threadnetwork" android:required="true" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.THREAD_NETWORK_PRIVILEGED" />
+
+    <application
+        android:label="ThreadNetworkDemoApp"
+        android:theme="@style/Theme.ThreadNetworkDemoApp"
+        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
+        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
+        android:testOnly="true">
+        <activity android:name=".MainActivity" android:exported="true">
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
+                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
+            </intent-filter>
+        </activity>
+    </application>
+
+</manifest>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/ConnectivityToolsFragment.java b/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/ConnectivityToolsFragment.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f616eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/ConnectivityToolsFragment.java
@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.threadnetwork.demoapp;
+
+import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
+
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
+import android.net.Network;
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
+import android.net.NetworkRequest;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.Looper;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.view.LayoutInflater;
+import android.view.View;
+import android.view.ViewGroup;
+import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
+import android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView;
+import android.widget.Button;
+import android.widget.TextView;
+import android.widget.Toast;
+
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
+import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
+
+import com.android.threadnetwork.demoapp.concurrent.BackgroundExecutorProvider;
+
+import com.google.android.material.switchmaterial.SwitchMaterial;
+import com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputEditText;
+import com.google.common.io.CharStreams;
+import com.google.common.net.InetAddresses;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.FluentFuture;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.FutureCallback;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.Futures;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ListeningScheduledExecutorService;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.net.DatagramPacket;
+import java.net.DatagramSocket;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.SocketAddress;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+public final class ConnectivityToolsFragment extends Fragment {
+    private static final String TAG = "ConnectivityTools";
+
+    // This is a mirror of NetworkCapabilities#NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK which is @hide for now
+    private static final int NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK = 36;
+
+    private static final Duration PING_TIMEOUT = Duration.ofSeconds(10L);
+    private static final Duration UDP_TIMEOUT = Duration.ofSeconds(10L);
+    private final ListeningScheduledExecutorService mBackgroundExecutor =
+            BackgroundExecutorProvider.getBackgroundExecutor();
+    private final ArrayList<String> mServerIpCandidates = new ArrayList<>();
+    private final ArrayList<String> mServerPortCandidates = new ArrayList<>();
+    private Executor mMainExecutor;
+
+    private ListenableFuture<String> mPingFuture;
+    private ListenableFuture<String> mUdpFuture;
+    private ArrayAdapter<String> mPingServerIpAdapter;
+    private ArrayAdapter<String> mUdpServerIpAdapter;
+    private ArrayAdapter<String> mUdpServerPortAdapter;
+
+    private Network mThreadNetwork;
+    private boolean mBindThreadNetwork = false;
+
+    private void subscribeToThreadNetwork() {
+        ConnectivityManager cm = getActivity().getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
+        cm.registerNetworkCallback(
+                new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                        .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_THREAD)
+                        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK)
+                        .build(),
+                new ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onAvailable(Network network) {
+                        mThreadNetwork = network;
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onLost(Network network) {
+                        mThreadNetwork = network;
+                    }
+                },
+                new Handler(Looper.myLooper()));
+    }
+
+    private static String getPingCommand(String serverIp) {
+        try {
+            InetAddress serverAddress = InetAddresses.forString(serverIp);
+            return (serverAddress instanceof Inet6Address)
+                    ? "/system/bin/ping6"
+                    : "/system/bin/ping";
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            // The ping command can handle the illegal argument and output error message
+            return "/system/bin/ping6";
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public View onCreateView(
+            LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.connectivity_tools_fragment, container, false);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
+
+        mMainExecutor = ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(getActivity());
+
+        subscribeToThreadNetwork();
+
+        AutoCompleteTextView pingServerIpText = view.findViewById(R.id.ping_server_ip_address_text);
+        mPingServerIpAdapter =
+                new ArrayAdapter<String>(
+                        getActivity(), R.layout.list_server_ip_address_view, mServerIpCandidates);
+        pingServerIpText.setAdapter(mPingServerIpAdapter);
+        TextView pingOutputText = view.findViewById(R.id.ping_output_text);
+        Button pingButton = view.findViewById(R.id.ping_button);
+
+        pingButton.setOnClickListener(
+                v -> {
+                    if (mPingFuture != null) {
+                        mPingFuture.cancel(/* mayInterruptIfRunning= */ true);
+                        mPingFuture = null;
+                    }
+
+                    String serverIp = pingServerIpText.getText().toString().strip();
+                    updateServerIpCandidates(serverIp);
+                    pingOutputText.setText("Sending ping message to " + serverIp + "\n");
+
+                    mPingFuture = sendPing(serverIp);
+                    Futures.addCallback(
+                            mPingFuture,
+                            new FutureCallback<String>() {
+                                @Override
+                                public void onSuccess(String result) {
+                                    pingOutputText.append(result + "\n");
+                                }
+
+                                @Override
+                                public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
+                                    if (t instanceof CancellationException) {
+                                        // Ignore the cancellation error
+                                        return;
+                                    }
+                                    pingOutputText.append("Failed: " + t.getMessage() + "\n");
+                                }
+                            },
+                            mMainExecutor);
+                });
+
+        AutoCompleteTextView udpServerIpText = view.findViewById(R.id.udp_server_ip_address_text);
+        mUdpServerIpAdapter =
+                new ArrayAdapter<String>(
+                        getActivity(), R.layout.list_server_ip_address_view, mServerIpCandidates);
+        udpServerIpText.setAdapter(mUdpServerIpAdapter);
+        AutoCompleteTextView udpServerPortText = view.findViewById(R.id.udp_server_port_text);
+        mUdpServerPortAdapter =
+                new ArrayAdapter<String>(
+                        getActivity(), R.layout.list_server_port_view, mServerPortCandidates);
+        udpServerPortText.setAdapter(mUdpServerPortAdapter);
+        TextInputEditText udpMsgText = view.findViewById(R.id.udp_message_text);
+        TextView udpOutputText = view.findViewById(R.id.udp_output_text);
+
+        SwitchMaterial switchBindThreadNetwork = view.findViewById(R.id.switch_bind_thread_network);
+        switchBindThreadNetwork.setChecked(mBindThreadNetwork);
+        switchBindThreadNetwork.setOnCheckedChangeListener(
+                (buttonView, isChecked) -> {
+                    if (isChecked) {
+                        Log.i(TAG, "Binding to the Thread network");
+
+                        if (mThreadNetwork == null) {
+                            Log.e(TAG, "Thread network is not available");
+                            Toast.makeText(
+                                    getActivity().getApplicationContext(),
+                                    "Thread network is not available",
+                                    Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
+                            switchBindThreadNetwork.setChecked(false);
+                        } else {
+                            mBindThreadNetwork = true;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        mBindThreadNetwork = false;
+                    }
+                });
+
+        Button sendUdpButton = view.findViewById(R.id.send_udp_button);
+        sendUdpButton.setOnClickListener(
+                v -> {
+                    if (mUdpFuture != null) {
+                        mUdpFuture.cancel(/* mayInterruptIfRunning= */ true);
+                        mUdpFuture = null;
+                    }
+
+                    String serverIp = udpServerIpText.getText().toString().strip();
+                    String serverPort = udpServerPortText.getText().toString().strip();
+                    String udpMsg = udpMsgText.getText().toString().strip();
+                    updateServerIpCandidates(serverIp);
+                    updateServerPortCandidates(serverPort);
+                    udpOutputText.setText(
+                            String.format(
+                                    "Sending UDP message \"%s\" to [%s]:%s",
+                                    udpMsg, serverIp, serverPort));
+
+                    mUdpFuture = sendUdpMessage(serverIp, serverPort, udpMsg);
+                    Futures.addCallback(
+                            mUdpFuture,
+                            new FutureCallback<String>() {
+                                @Override
+                                public void onSuccess(String result) {
+                                    udpOutputText.append("\n" + result);
+                                }
+
+                                @Override
+                                public void onFailure(Throwable t) {
+                                    if (t instanceof CancellationException) {
+                                        // Ignore the cancellation error
+                                        return;
+                                    }
+                                    udpOutputText.append("\nFailed: " + t.getMessage());
+                                }
+                            },
+                            mMainExecutor);
+                });
+    }
+
+    private void updateServerIpCandidates(String newServerIp) {
+        if (!mServerIpCandidates.contains(newServerIp)) {
+            mServerIpCandidates.add(0, newServerIp);
+            mPingServerIpAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
+            mUdpServerIpAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void updateServerPortCandidates(String newServerPort) {
+        if (!mServerPortCandidates.contains(newServerPort)) {
+            mServerPortCandidates.add(0, newServerPort);
+            mUdpServerPortAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private ListenableFuture<String> sendPing(String serverIp) {
+        return FluentFuture.from(Futures.submit(() -> doSendPing(serverIp), mBackgroundExecutor))
+                .withTimeout(PING_TIMEOUT.getSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS, mBackgroundExecutor);
+    }
+
+    private String doSendPing(String serverIp) throws IOException {
+        String pingCommand = getPingCommand(serverIp);
+        Process process =
+                new ProcessBuilder()
+                        .command(pingCommand, "-c 1", serverIp)
+                        .redirectErrorStream(true)
+                        .start();
+
+        return CharStreams.toString(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
+    }
+
+    private ListenableFuture<String> sendUdpMessage(
+            String serverIp, String serverPort, String msg) {
+        return FluentFuture.from(
+                        Futures.submit(
+                                () -> doSendUdpMessage(serverIp, serverPort, msg),
+                                mBackgroundExecutor))
+                .withTimeout(UDP_TIMEOUT.getSeconds(), TimeUnit.SECONDS, mBackgroundExecutor);
+    }
+
+    private String doSendUdpMessage(String serverIp, String serverPort, String msg)
+            throws IOException {
+        SocketAddress serverAddr = new InetSocketAddress(serverIp, Integer.parseInt(serverPort));
+
+        try (DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket()) {
+            if (mBindThreadNetwork && mThreadNetwork != null) {
+                mThreadNetwork.bindSocket(socket);
+                Log.i(TAG, "Successfully bind the socket to the Thread network");
+            }
+
+            socket.connect(serverAddr);
+            Log.d(TAG, "connected " + serverAddr);
+
+            byte[] msgBytes = msg.getBytes();
+            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msgBytes, msgBytes.length);
+
+            Log.d(TAG, String.format("Sending message to server %s: %s", serverAddr, msg));
+            socket.send(packet);
+            Log.d(TAG, "Send done");
+
+            Log.d(TAG, "Waiting for server reply");
+            socket.receive(packet);
+            return new String(packet.getData(), packet.getOffset(), packet.getLength(), UTF_8);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/MainActivity.java b/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/MainActivity.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef97a6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/MainActivity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.threadnetwork.demoapp;
+
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+
+import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
+import androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar;
+import androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout;
+import androidx.navigation.NavController;
+import androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment;
+import androidx.navigation.ui.AppBarConfiguration;
+import androidx.navigation.ui.NavigationUI;
+
+import com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView;
+
+public final class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
+    @Override
+    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
+        setContentView(R.layout.main_activity);
+
+        NavHostFragment navHostFragment =
+                (NavHostFragment)
+                        getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.nav_host_fragment);
+
+        NavController navController = navHostFragment.getNavController();
+
+        DrawerLayout drawerLayout = findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
+        Toolbar topAppBar = findViewById(R.id.top_app_bar);
+        AppBarConfiguration appBarConfig =
+                new AppBarConfiguration.Builder(navController.getGraph())
+                        .setOpenableLayout(drawerLayout)
+                        .build();
+
+        NavigationUI.setupWithNavController(topAppBar, navController, appBarConfig);
+
+        NavigationView navView = findViewById(R.id.nav_view);
+        NavigationUI.setupWithNavController(navView, navController);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onActivityResult(int request, int result, Intent data) {
+        super.onActivityResult(request, result, data);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/ThreadNetworkSettingsFragment.java b/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/ThreadNetworkSettingsFragment.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e95feaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/ThreadNetworkSettingsFragment.java
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.threadnetwork.demoapp;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
+import android.net.LinkAddress;
+import android.net.LinkProperties;
+import android.net.Network;
+import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
+import android.net.NetworkRequest;
+import android.net.RouteInfo;
+import android.net.thread.ActiveOperationalDataset;
+import android.net.thread.OperationalDatasetTimestamp;
+import android.net.thread.PendingOperationalDataset;
+import android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkController;
+import android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkException;
+import android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkManager;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.Looper;
+import android.os.OutcomeReceiver;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.view.LayoutInflater;
+import android.view.View;
+import android.view.ViewGroup;
+import android.widget.Button;
+import android.widget.TextView;
+
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
+import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+public final class ThreadNetworkSettingsFragment extends Fragment {
+    private static final String TAG = "ThreadNetworkSettings";
+
+    // This is a mirror of NetworkCapabilities#NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK which is @hide for now
+    private static final int NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK = 36;
+
+    private ThreadNetworkController mThreadController;
+    private TextView mTextState;
+    private TextView mTextNetworkInfo;
+    private TextView mMigrateNetworkState;
+    private Executor mMainExecutor;
+
+    private int mDeviceRole;
+    private long mPartitionId;
+    private ActiveOperationalDataset mActiveDataset;
+
+    private static final byte[] DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET_TLVS =
+            base16().lowerCase()
+                    .decode(
+                            "0e080000000000010000000300001235060004001fffe00208dae21bccb8c321c40708fdc376ead74396bb0510c52f56cd2d38a9eb7a716954f8efd939030f4f70656e5468726561642d646231390102db190410fcb737e6fd6bb1b0fed524a4496363110c0402a0f7f8");
+    private static final ActiveOperationalDataset DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET =
+            ActiveOperationalDataset.fromThreadTlvs(DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET_TLVS);
+
+    private static String deviceRoleToString(int mDeviceRole) {
+        switch (mDeviceRole) {
+            case ThreadNetworkController.DEVICE_ROLE_STOPPED:
+                return "Stopped";
+            case ThreadNetworkController.DEVICE_ROLE_DETACHED:
+                return "Detached";
+            case ThreadNetworkController.DEVICE_ROLE_CHILD:
+                return "Child";
+            case ThreadNetworkController.DEVICE_ROLE_ROUTER:
+                return "Router";
+            case ThreadNetworkController.DEVICE_ROLE_LEADER:
+                return "Leader";
+            default:
+                return "Unknown";
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public View onCreateView(
+            LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.thread_network_settings_fragment, container, false);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
+
+        ConnectivityManager cm = getActivity().getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
+        cm.registerNetworkCallback(
+                new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                        .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_THREAD)
+                        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK)
+                        .build(),
+                new ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onAvailable(Network network) {
+                        Log.i(TAG, "New Thread network is available");
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onLinkPropertiesChanged(
+                            Network network, LinkProperties linkProperties) {
+                        updateNetworkInfo(linkProperties);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onLost(Network network) {
+                        Log.i(TAG, "Thread network " + network + " is lost");
+                        updateNetworkInfo(null /* linkProperties */);
+                    }
+                },
+                new Handler(Looper.myLooper()));
+
+        mMainExecutor = ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(getActivity());
+        ThreadNetworkManager threadManager =
+                getActivity().getSystemService(ThreadNetworkManager.class);
+        if (threadManager != null) {
+            mThreadController = threadManager.getAllThreadNetworkControllers().get(0);
+            mThreadController.registerStateCallback(
+                    mMainExecutor,
+                    new ThreadNetworkController.StateCallback() {
+                        @Override
+                        public void onDeviceRoleChanged(int mDeviceRole) {
+                            ThreadNetworkSettingsFragment.this.mDeviceRole = mDeviceRole;
+                            updateState();
+                        }
+
+                        @Override
+                        public void onPartitionIdChanged(long mPartitionId) {
+                            ThreadNetworkSettingsFragment.this.mPartitionId = mPartitionId;
+                            updateState();
+                        }
+                    });
+            mThreadController.registerOperationalDatasetCallback(
+                    mMainExecutor,
+                    newActiveDataset -> {
+                        this.mActiveDataset = newActiveDataset;
+                        updateState();
+                    });
+        }
+
+        mTextState = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.text_state);
+        mTextNetworkInfo = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.text_network_info);
+
+        if (mThreadController == null) {
+            mTextState.setText("Thread not supported!");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        ((Button) view.findViewById(R.id.button_join_network)).setOnClickListener(v -> doJoin());
+        ((Button) view.findViewById(R.id.button_leave_network)).setOnClickListener(v -> doLeave());
+
+        mMigrateNetworkState = view.findViewById(R.id.text_migrate_network_state);
+        ((Button) view.findViewById(R.id.button_migrate_network))
+                .setOnClickListener(v -> doMigration());
+
+        updateState();
+    }
+
+    private void doJoin() {
+        mThreadController.join(
+                DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET,
+                mMainExecutor,
+                new OutcomeReceiver<Void, ThreadNetworkException>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onError(ThreadNetworkException error) {
+                        Log.e(TAG, "Failed to join network " + DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET, error);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onResult(Void v) {
+                        Log.i(TAG, "Successfully Joined");
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    private void doLeave() {
+        mThreadController.leave(
+                mMainExecutor,
+                new OutcomeReceiver<>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onError(ThreadNetworkException error) {
+                        Log.e(TAG, "Failed to leave network " + DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET, error);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onResult(Void v) {
+                        Log.i(TAG, "Successfully Left");
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    private void doMigration() {
+        var newActiveDataset =
+                new ActiveOperationalDataset.Builder(DEFAULT_ACTIVE_DATASET)
+                        .setNetworkName("NewThreadNet")
+                        .setActiveTimestamp(OperationalDatasetTimestamp.fromInstant(Instant.now()))
+                        .build();
+        var pendingDataset =
+                new PendingOperationalDataset(
+                        newActiveDataset,
+                        OperationalDatasetTimestamp.fromInstant(Instant.now()),
+                        Duration.ofSeconds(30));
+        mThreadController.scheduleMigration(
+                pendingDataset,
+                mMainExecutor,
+                new OutcomeReceiver<Void, ThreadNetworkException>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onResult(Void v) {
+                        mMigrateNetworkState.setText(
+                                "Scheduled migration to network \"NewThreadNet\" in 30s");
+                        // TODO: update Pending Dataset state
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onError(ThreadNetworkException e) {
+                        mMigrateNetworkState.setText(
+                                "Failed to schedule migration: " + e.getMessage());
+                    }
+                });
+    }
+
+    private void updateState() {
+        Log.i(
+                TAG,
+                String.format(
+                        "Updating Thread states (mDeviceRole: %s)",
+                        deviceRoleToString(mDeviceRole)));
+
+        String state =
+                String.format(
+                        "Role             %s\n"
+                                + "Partition ID     %d\n"
+                                + "Network Name     %s\n"
+                                + "Extended PAN ID  %s",
+                        deviceRoleToString(mDeviceRole),
+                        mPartitionId,
+                        mActiveDataset != null ? mActiveDataset.getNetworkName() : null,
+                        mActiveDataset != null
+                                ? base16().encode(mActiveDataset.getExtendedPanId())
+                                : null);
+        mTextState.setText(state);
+    }
+
+    private void updateNetworkInfo(LinkProperties linProperties) {
+        if (linProperties == null) {
+            mTextNetworkInfo.setText("");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("Interface name:\n");
+        sb.append(linProperties.getInterfaceName() + "\n");
+        sb.append("Addresses:\n");
+        for (LinkAddress la : linProperties.getLinkAddresses()) {
+            sb.append(la + "\n");
+        }
+        sb.append("Routes:\n");
+        for (RouteInfo route : linProperties.getRoutes()) {
+            sb.append(route + "\n");
+        }
+        mTextNetworkInfo.setText(sb.toString());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/concurrent/BackgroundExecutorProvider.java b/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/concurrent/BackgroundExecutorProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d05ba73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/java/com/android/threadnetwork/demoapp/concurrent/BackgroundExecutorProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.threadnetwork.demoapp.concurrent;
+
+import androidx.annotation.GuardedBy;
+
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ListeningScheduledExecutorService;
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.MoreExecutors;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+
+/** Provides executors for executing tasks in background. */
+public final class BackgroundExecutorProvider {
+    private static final int CONCURRENCY = 4;
+
+    @GuardedBy("BackgroundExecutorProvider.class")
+    private static ListeningScheduledExecutorService backgroundExecutor;
+
+    private BackgroundExecutorProvider() {}
+
+    public static synchronized ListeningScheduledExecutorService getBackgroundExecutor() {
+        if (backgroundExecutor == null) {
+            backgroundExecutor =
+                    MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator(
+                            Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(/* maxConcurrency= */ CONCURRENCY));
+        }
+        return backgroundExecutor;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/drawable/ic_launcher_foreground.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/drawable/ic_launcher_foreground.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4dd8163
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/drawable/ic_launcher_foreground.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<vector
+    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    android:width="108dp"
+    android:height="108dp"
+    android:viewportWidth="108"
+    android:viewportHeight="108">
+  <group android:scaleX="0.0612"
+      android:scaleY="0.0612"
+      android:translateX="23.4"
+      android:translateY="23.683332">
+    <path
+        android:pathData="M0,0h1000v1000h-1000z"
+        android:fillColor="#00FFCEC7"/>
+    <path
+        android:pathData="m630.6,954.5l-113.5,0l0,-567.2l-170.5,0c-50.6,0 -92,41.2 -92,91.9c0,50.6 41.4,91.8 92,91.8l0,113.5c-113.3,0 -205.5,-92.1 -205.5,-205.4c0,-113.3 92.2,-205.5 205.5,-205.5l170.5,0l0,-57.5c0,-94.2 76.7,-171 171.1,-171c94.2,0 170.8,76.7 170.8,171c0,94.2 -76.6,171 -170.8,171l-57.6,0l0,567.2zM630.6,273.9l57.6,0c31.7,0 57.3,-25.8 57.3,-57.5c0,-31.7 -25.7,-57.5 -57.3,-57.5c-31.8,0 -57.6,25.8 -57.6,57.5l0,57.5z"
+        android:strokeLineJoin="miter"
+        android:strokeWidth="0"
+        android:fillColor="#000000"
+        android:fillType="nonZero"
+        android:strokeColor="#00000000"
+        android:strokeLineCap="butt"/>
+  </group>
+</vector>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/drawable/ic_menu_24dp.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/drawable/ic_menu_24dp.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a4cf80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/drawable/ic_menu_24dp.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+        android:width="24.0dp"
+        android:height="24.0dp"
+        android:viewportWidth="24.0"
+        android:viewportHeight="24.0"
+        android:tint="?android:attr/colorControlNormal">
+    <path
+        android:fillColor="#FFFFFFFF"
+        android:pathData="M3.0,18.0l18.0,0.0l0.0,-2.0L3.0,16.0l0.0,2.0zm0.0,-5.0l18.0,0.0l0.0,-2.0L3.0,11.0l0.0,2.0zm0.0,-7.0l0.0,2.0l18.0,0.0L21.0,6.0L3.0,6.0z"/>
+</vector>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/drawable/ic_thread_wordmark.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/drawable/ic_thread_wordmark.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..babaf54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/drawable/ic_thread_wordmark.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    android:width="167dp"
+    android:height="31dp"
+    android:viewportWidth="167"
+    android:viewportHeight="31">
+  <path
+      android:pathData="m32.413,7.977 l3.806,0 0,9.561 11.48,0 0,-9.561 3.837,0 0,22.957 -3.837,0 0,-9.558 -11.48,0 0,9.558 -3.806,0 0,-22.957z"
+      android:fillColor="#ffffff"/>
+  <path
+      android:pathData="m76.761,30.934 l-4.432,-7.641 -6.483,0 0,7.641 -3.807,0 0,-22.957 11.48,0c2.095,0 3.894,0.75 5.392,2.246 1.501,1.504 2.249,3.298 2.249,5.392 0,1.591 -0.453,3.034 -1.356,4.335 -0.885,1.279 -2.006,2.193 -3.376,2.747l4.732,8.236 -4.4,0zM73.519,11.812l-7.673,0 0,7.645 7.673,0c1.034,0 1.928,-0.379 2.678,-1.124 0.75,-0.752 1.126,-1.657 1.126,-2.717 0,-1.034 -0.376,-1.926 -1.126,-2.678C75.448,12.188 74.554,11.812 73.519,11.812Z"
+      android:fillColor="#ffffff"/>
+  <path
+      android:pathData="m106.945,7.977 l0,3.835 -11.478,0 0,5.757 11.478,0 0,3.807 -11.478,0 0,5.722 11.478,0 0,3.836 -15.277,0 0,-22.957 15.277,0z"
+      android:fillColor="#ffffff"/>
+  <path
+      android:pathData="m132.325,27.08 l-10.586,0 -1.958,3.854 -4.283,0 11.517,-23.519 11.522,23.519 -4.283,0 -1.928,-3.854zM123.627,23.267 L130.404,23.267 127.014,16.013 123.627,23.267z"
+      android:fillColor="#ffffff"/>
+  <path
+      android:pathData="m146.606,7.977 l7.638,0c1.569,0 3.044,0.304 4.436,0.907 1.387,0.609 2.608,1.437 3.656,2.485 1.047,1.047 1.869,2.266 2.479,3.653 0.609,1.391 0.909,2.866 0.909,4.435 0,1.563 -0.299,3.041 -0.909,4.432 -0.61,1.391 -1.425,2.608 -2.464,3.654 -1.037,1.05 -2.256,1.874 -3.656,2.48 -1.401,0.607 -2.882,0.91 -4.451,0.91l-7.638,0 0,-22.956zM154.244,27.098c1.06,0 2.054,-0.199 2.978,-0.599 0.925,-0.394 1.737,-0.945 2.432,-1.654 0.696,-0.702 1.241,-1.521 1.638,-2.446 0.397,-0.925 0.597,-1.907 0.597,-2.942 0,-1.037 -0.201,-2.02 -0.597,-2.948 -0.397,-0.925 -0.946,-1.737 -1.651,-2.447 -0.709,-0.703 -1.524,-1.256 -2.45,-1.653 -0.925,-0.397 -1.907,-0.597 -2.948,-0.597l-3.834,0 0,15.286 3.834,0z"
+      android:fillColor="#ffffff"/>
+  <path
+      android:pathData="m16.491,30.934 l-3.828,0 0,-19.128 -5.749,0c-1.705,0 -3.102,1.391 -3.102,3.1 0,1.706 1.397,3.097 3.102,3.097l0,3.83c-3.821,0 -6.931,-3.106 -6.931,-6.926 0,-3.822 3.111,-6.929 6.931,-6.929l5.749,0 0,-1.938c0,-3.179 2.587,-5.766 5.77,-5.766 3.175,0 5.76,2.588 5.76,5.766 0,3.179 -2.584,5.766 -5.76,5.766l-1.942,0 0,19.128zM16.491,7.977 L18.433,7.977c1.069,0 1.934,-0.869 1.934,-1.938 0,-1.069 -0.865,-1.938 -1.934,-1.938 -1.072,0 -1.942,0.869 -1.942,1.938l0,1.938z"
+      android:fillColor="#ffffff"/>
+</vector>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/layout/connectivity_tools_fragment.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/connectivity_tools_fragment.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1aa0d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/connectivity_tools_fragment.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<ScrollView
+    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    android:layout_width="match_parent"
+    android:layout_height="match_parent"
+    tools:context=".ConnectivityToolsFragment" >
+
+<LinearLayout
+    android:layout_width="match_parent"
+    android:layout_height="match_parent"
+    android:padding="8dp"
+    android:paddingBottom="16dp"
+    android:orientation="vertical">
+
+    <com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
+        android:id="@+id/ping_server_ip_address_layout"
+        style="@style/Widget.MaterialComponents.TextInputLayout.OutlinedBox.ExposedDropdownMenu"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
+        android:hint="Server IP Address">
+        <AutoCompleteTextView
+            android:id="@+id/ping_server_ip_address_text"
+            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:text="fdde:ad00:beef::ff:fe00:7400"
+            android:textSize="14sp"/>
+    </com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
+
+    <Button
+        android:id="@+id/ping_button"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
+        android:text="Ping"
+        android:textSize="20dp"/>
+
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/ping_output_text"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
+        android:scrollbars="vertical"
+        android:textIsSelectable="true"/>
+
+    <LinearLayout
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
+        android:orientation="horizontal" >
+
+        <com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
+            android:id="@+id/udp_server_ip_address_layout"
+            style="@style/Widget.MaterialComponents.TextInputLayout.OutlinedBox.ExposedDropdownMenu"
+            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:hint="Server IP Address">
+            <AutoCompleteTextView
+                android:id="@+id/udp_server_ip_address_text"
+                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+                android:text="fdde:ad00:beef::ff:fe00:7400"
+                android:textSize="14sp"/>
+        </com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
+
+        <com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
+            android:id="@+id/udp_server_port_layout"
+            style="@style/Widget.MaterialComponents.TextInputLayout.OutlinedBox.ExposedDropdownMenu"
+            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_marginLeft="2dp"
+            android:hint="Server Port">
+            <AutoCompleteTextView
+                android:id="@+id/udp_server_port_text"
+                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+                android:inputType="number"
+                android:text="12345"
+                android:textSize="14sp"/>
+        </com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
+    </LinearLayout>
+
+    <com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
+        android:id="@+id/udp_message_layout"
+        style="@style/Widget.MaterialComponents.TextInputLayout.OutlinedBox"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
+        android:hint="UDP Message">
+        <com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputEditText
+            android:id="@+id/udp_message_text"
+            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:text="Hello Thread!"
+            android:textSize="14sp"/>
+    </com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
+
+    <com.google.android.material.switchmaterial.SwitchMaterial
+        android:id="@+id/switch_bind_thread_network"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:checked="true"
+        android:text="Bind to Thread network" />
+
+    <Button
+        android:id="@+id/send_udp_button"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
+        android:text="Send UDP Message"
+        android:textSize="20dp"/>
+
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/udp_output_text"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
+        android:scrollbars="vertical"
+        android:textIsSelectable="true"/>
+</LinearLayout>
+</ScrollView>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/layout/list_server_ip_address_view.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/list_server_ip_address_view.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a8f02e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/list_server_ip_address_view.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<TextView
+    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    android:layout_width="match_parent"
+    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+    android:padding="8dp"
+    android:ellipsize="end"
+    android:maxLines="1"
+    android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceBody2"
+    />
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/layout/list_server_port_view.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/list_server_port_view.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a8f02e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/list_server_port_view.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<TextView
+    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    android:layout_width="match_parent"
+    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+    android:padding="8dp"
+    android:ellipsize="end"
+    android:maxLines="1"
+    android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceBody2"
+    />
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/layout/main_activity.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/main_activity.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12072e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/main_activity.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout
+    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
+    android:layout_width="match_parent"
+    android:layout_height="match_parent"
+    tools:context=".MainActivity">
+
+    <LinearLayout
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:layout_height="match_parent"
+        android:orientation="vertical">
+
+        <com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout
+            android:layout_width="match_parent"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
+
+            <com.google.android.material.appbar.MaterialToolbar
+                android:id="@+id/top_app_bar"
+                android:layout_width="match_parent"
+                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+                app:navigationIcon="@drawable/ic_menu_24dp" />
+
+        </com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout>
+
+        <androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainerView
+            android:id="@+id/nav_host_fragment"
+            android:name="androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment"
+            android:layout_width="match_parent"
+            android:layout_height="match_parent"
+            app:defaultNavHost="true"
+            app:navGraph="@navigation/nav_graph" />
+
+    </LinearLayout>
+
+    <com.google.android.material.navigation.NavigationView
+        android:id="@+id/nav_view"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="match_parent"
+        android:padding="16dp"
+        android:layout_gravity="start"
+        android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
+        app:headerLayout="@layout/nav_header"
+        app:menu="@menu/nav_menu" />
+
+</androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/layout/nav_header.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/nav_header.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b91fb9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/nav_header.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
+    android:layout_width="match_parent"
+    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+    android:gravity="bottom"
+    android:orientation="vertical" >
+
+  <ImageView
+      android:id="@+id/nav_header_image"
+      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+      android:paddingTop="@dimen/nav_header_vertical_spacing"
+      android:src="@drawable/ic_thread_wordmark" />
+</LinearLayout>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/layout/thread_network_settings_fragment.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/thread_network_settings_fragment.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cae46a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/layout/thread_network_settings_fragment.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<LinearLayout
+    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+    android:layout_width="match_parent"
+    android:layout_height="match_parent"
+    android:padding="8dp"
+    android:orientation="vertical"
+    tools:context=".ThreadNetworkSettingsFragment" >
+
+    <Button android:id="@+id/button_join_network"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:text="Join Network" />
+    <Button android:id="@+id/button_leave_network"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:text="Leave Network" />
+
+    <TextView
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:textSize="16dp"
+        android:textStyle="bold"
+        android:text="State" />
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/text_state"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:textSize="12dp"
+        android:typeface="monospace" />
+
+    <TextView
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
+        android:textSize="16dp"
+        android:textStyle="bold"
+        android:text="Network Info" />
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/text_network_info"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:textSize="12dp" />
+
+    <Button android:id="@+id/button_migrate_network"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:text="Migrate Network" />
+    <TextView
+        android:id="@+id/text_migrate_network_state"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:textSize="12dp" />
+</LinearLayout>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/menu/nav_menu.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/menu/nav_menu.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d036c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/menu/nav_menu.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
+    <item
+        android:id="@+id/thread_network_settings"
+        android:title="Thread Network Settings" />
+    <item
+        android:id="@+id/connectivity_tools"
+        android:title="Connectivity Tools" />
+</menu>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-anydpi-v26/ic_launcher.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-anydpi-v26/ic_launcher.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b111e91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-anydpi-v26/ic_launcher.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<adaptive-icon xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
+    <background android:drawable="@color/white"/>
+    <foreground android:drawable="@drawable/ic_launcher_foreground"/>
+</adaptive-icon>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-anydpi-v26/ic_launcher_round.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-anydpi-v26/ic_launcher_round.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b111e91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-anydpi-v26/ic_launcher_round.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<adaptive-icon xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
+    <background android:drawable="@color/white"/>
+    <foreground android:drawable="@drawable/ic_launcher_foreground"/>
+</adaptive-icon>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-hdpi/ic_launcher.png b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-hdpi/ic_launcher.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94e778f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-hdpi/ic_launcher.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-hdpi/ic_launcher_round.png b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-hdpi/ic_launcher_round.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..074a671
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-hdpi/ic_launcher_round.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-mdpi/ic_launcher.png b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-mdpi/ic_launcher.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..674e51f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-mdpi/ic_launcher.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-mdpi/ic_launcher_round.png b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-mdpi/ic_launcher_round.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e35c29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-mdpi/ic_launcher_round.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xhdpi/ic_launcher.png b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xhdpi/ic_launcher.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ee5d92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xhdpi/ic_launcher.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xhdpi/ic_launcher_round.png b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xhdpi/ic_launcher_round.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..78a3b7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xhdpi/ic_launcher_round.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxhdpi/ic_launcher.png b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxhdpi/ic_launcher.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ffb6261
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxhdpi/ic_launcher.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxhdpi/ic_launcher_round.png b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxhdpi/ic_launcher_round.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80fa037
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxhdpi/ic_launcher_round.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxxhdpi/ic_launcher.png b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxxhdpi/ic_launcher.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ca1bfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxxhdpi/ic_launcher.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxxhdpi/ic_launcher_round.png b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxxhdpi/ic_launcher_round.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fd92e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/mipmap-xxxhdpi/ic_launcher_round.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/navigation/nav_graph.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/navigation/nav_graph.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..472d1bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/navigation/nav_graph.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<navigation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+            xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+            xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
+            android:id="@+id/nav_graph"
+            app:startDestination="@+id/thread_network_settings" >
+    <fragment
+        android:id="@+id/thread_network_settings"
+        android:name=".ThreadNetworkSettingsFragment"
+        android:label="Thread Network Settings"
+        tools:layout="@layout/thread_network_settings_fragment">
+    </fragment>
+
+    <fragment
+        android:id="@+id/connectivity_tools"
+        android:name=".ConnectivityToolsFragment"
+        android:label="Connectivity Tools"
+        tools:layout="@layout/connectivity_tools_fragment">
+    </fragment>
+</navigation>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/values/colors.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/values/colors.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a65937
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/values/colors.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<resources>
+    <color name="purple_200">#FFBB86FC</color>
+    <color name="purple_500">#FF6200EE</color>
+    <color name="purple_700">#FF3700B3</color>
+    <color name="teal_200">#FF03DAC5</color>
+    <color name="teal_700">#FF018786</color>
+    <color name="black">#FF000000</color>
+    <color name="white">#FFFFFFFF</color>
+</resources>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/values/dimens.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/values/dimens.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5165951
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/values/dimens.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<resources>
+  <!-- Default screen margins, per the Android Design guidelines. -->
+  <dimen name="activity_horizontal_margin">16dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="activity_vertical_margin">16dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="nav_header_vertical_spacing">8dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="nav_header_height">176dp</dimen>
+  <dimen name="fab_margin">16dp</dimen>
+</resources>
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/res/values/themes.xml b/thread/demoapp/res/values/themes.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cb3403
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/demoapp/res/values/themes.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<resources xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
+    <!-- Base application theme. -->
+    <style name="Theme.ThreadNetworkDemoApp" parent="Theme.MaterialComponents.DayNight.NoActionBar">
+        <!-- Primary brand color. -->
+        <item name="colorPrimary">@color/purple_500</item>
+        <item name="colorPrimaryVariant">@color/purple_700</item>
+        <item name="colorOnPrimary">@color/white</item>
+        <!-- Secondary brand color. -->
+        <item name="colorSecondary">@color/teal_200</item>
+        <item name="colorSecondaryVariant">@color/teal_700</item>
+        <item name="colorOnSecondary">@color/black</item>
+        <!-- Status bar color. -->
+        <item name="android:statusBarColor" tools:targetApi="l">?attr/colorPrimaryVariant</item>
+        <!-- Customize your theme here. -->
+    </style>
+</resources>
diff --git a/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/IThreadNetworkController.aidl b/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/IThreadNetworkController.aidl
index 51e4d88..89dcd39 100644
--- a/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/IThreadNetworkController.aidl
+++ b/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/IThreadNetworkController.aidl
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 package android.net.thread;
 
-import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.thread.ActiveOperationalDataset;
 import android.net.thread.IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver;
 import android.net.thread.IOperationalDatasetCallback;
diff --git a/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java b/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java
index 5c5fda9..34b0b06 100644
--- a/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java
+++ b/thread/framework/java/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkController.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
 import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.OutcomeReceiver;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 
@@ -98,7 +99,8 @@
     private final Map<OperationalDatasetCallback, OperationalDatasetCallbackProxy>
             mOpDatasetCallbackMap = new HashMap<>();
 
-    ThreadNetworkController(@NonNull IThreadNetworkController controllerService) {
+    /** @hide */
+    public ThreadNetworkController(@NonNull IThreadNetworkController controllerService) {
         requireNonNull(controllerService, "controllerService cannot be null");
         mControllerService = controllerService;
     }
@@ -180,12 +182,22 @@
 
         @Override
         public void onDeviceRoleChanged(@DeviceRole int deviceRole) {
-            mExecutor.execute(() -> mCallback.onDeviceRoleChanged(deviceRole));
+            final long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+            try {
+                mExecutor.execute(() -> mCallback.onDeviceRoleChanged(deviceRole));
+            } finally {
+                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
+            }
         }
 
         @Override
         public void onPartitionIdChanged(long partitionId) {
-            mExecutor.execute(() -> mCallback.onPartitionIdChanged(partitionId));
+            final long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+            try {
+                mExecutor.execute(() -> mCallback.onPartitionIdChanged(partitionId));
+            } finally {
+                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -282,13 +294,24 @@
         @Override
         public void onActiveOperationalDatasetChanged(
                 @Nullable ActiveOperationalDataset activeDataset) {
-            mExecutor.execute(() -> mCallback.onActiveOperationalDatasetChanged(activeDataset));
+            final long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+            try {
+                mExecutor.execute(() -> mCallback.onActiveOperationalDatasetChanged(activeDataset));
+            } finally {
+                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
+            }
         }
 
         @Override
         public void onPendingOperationalDatasetChanged(
                 @Nullable PendingOperationalDataset pendingDataset) {
-            mExecutor.execute(() -> mCallback.onPendingOperationalDatasetChanged(pendingDataset));
+            final long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+            try {
+                mExecutor.execute(
+                        () -> mCallback.onPendingOperationalDatasetChanged(pendingDataset));
+            } finally {
+                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -481,7 +504,13 @@
             OutcomeReceiver<T, ThreadNetworkException> receiver,
             int errorCode,
             String errorMsg) {
-        executor.execute(() -> receiver.onError(new ThreadNetworkException(errorCode, errorMsg)));
+        final long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+        try {
+            executor.execute(
+                    () -> receiver.onError(new ThreadNetworkException(errorCode, errorMsg)));
+        } finally {
+            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
+        }
     }
 
     private static final class ActiveDatasetReceiverProxy
@@ -498,7 +527,12 @@
 
         @Override
         public void onSuccess(ActiveOperationalDataset dataset) {
-            mExecutor.execute(() -> mResultReceiver.onResult(dataset));
+            final long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+            try {
+                mExecutor.execute(() -> mResultReceiver.onResult(dataset));
+            } finally {
+                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
+            }
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -520,7 +554,12 @@
 
         @Override
         public void onSuccess() {
-            mExecutor.execute(() -> mResultReceiver.onResult(null));
+            final long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+            try {
+                mExecutor.execute(() -> mResultReceiver.onResult(null));
+            } finally {
+                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
+            }
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/thread/tests/cts/Android.bp b/thread/tests/cts/Android.bp
index 6862398..3cf31e5 100644
--- a/thread/tests/cts/Android.bp
+++ b/thread/tests/cts/Android.bp
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
     libs: [
         "android.test.base",
         "android.test.runner",
-        "framework-connectivity-flagged-apis"
+        "framework-connectivity-module-api-stubs-including-flagged"
     ],
     // Test coverage system runs on different devices. Need to
     // compile for all architectures.
diff --git a/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp b/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp
index 5863673..8092693 100644
--- a/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp
+++ b/thread/tests/unit/Android.bp
@@ -33,11 +33,11 @@
     static_libs: [
         "androidx.test.ext.junit",
         "compatibility-device-util-axt",
-        "ctstestrunner-axt",
         "framework-connectivity-pre-jarjar",
         "framework-connectivity-t-pre-jarjar",
         "guava",
         "guava-android-testlib",
+        "mockito-target-minus-junit4",
         "net-tests-utils",
         "truth",
     ],
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
         "android.test.base",
         "android.test.runner",
     ],
+    jarjar_rules: ":connectivity-jarjar-rules",
     // Test coverage system runs on different devices. Need to
     // compile for all architectures.
     compile_multilib: "both",
diff --git a/thread/tests/unit/AndroidTest.xml b/thread/tests/unit/AndroidTest.xml
index 663ff74..597c6a8 100644
--- a/thread/tests/unit/AndroidTest.xml
+++ b/thread/tests/unit/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
     <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.AndroidJUnitTest" >
         <option name="package" value="android.net.thread.unittests" />
+        <option name="hidden-api-checks" value="false"/>
         <!-- Ignores tests introduced by guava-android-testlib -->
         <option name="exclude-annotation" value="org.junit.Ignore"/>
     </test>
diff --git a/thread/tests/unit/src/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java b/thread/tests/unit/src/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f120b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/thread/tests/unit/src/android/net/thread/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net.thread;
+
+import static android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkController.DEVICE_ROLE_CHILD;
+import static android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkException.ERROR_UNAVAILABLE;
+import static android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkException.ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_CHANNEL;
+import static android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID;
+
+import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer;
+
+import android.net.thread.IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver;
+import android.net.thread.IOperationReceiver;
+import android.net.thread.IOperationalDatasetCallback;
+import android.net.thread.IStateCallback;
+import android.net.thread.IThreadNetworkController;
+import android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkController.OperationalDatasetCallback;
+import android.net.thread.ThreadNetworkController.StateCallback;
+import android.os.Binder;
+import android.os.OutcomeReceiver;
+import android.os.Process;
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
+import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+import org.mockito.invocation.InvocationOnMock;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+/** Unit tests for {@link ThreadNetworkController}. */
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public final class ThreadNetworkControllerTest {
+
+    @Mock private IThreadNetworkController mMockService;
+    private ThreadNetworkController mController;
+
+    // A valid Thread Active Operational Dataset generated from OpenThread CLI "dataset new":
+    // Active Timestamp: 1
+    // Channel: 19
+    // Channel Mask: 0x07FFF800
+    // Ext PAN ID: ACC214689BC40BDF
+    // Mesh Local Prefix: fd64:db12:25f4:7e0b::/64
+    // Network Key: F26B3153760F519A63BAFDDFFC80D2AF
+    // Network Name: OpenThread-d9a0
+    // PAN ID: 0xD9A0
+    // PSKc: A245479C836D551B9CA557F7B9D351B4
+    // Security Policy: 672 onrcb
+    private static final byte[] DEFAULT_DATASET_TLVS =
+            base16().decode(
+                            "0E080000000000010000000300001335060004001FFFE002"
+                                    + "08ACC214689BC40BDF0708FD64DB1225F47E0B0510F26B31"
+                                    + "53760F519A63BAFDDFFC80D2AF030F4F70656E5468726561"
+                                    + "642D643961300102D9A00410A245479C836D551B9CA557F7"
+                                    + "B9D351B40C0402A0FFF8");
+
+    private static final ActiveOperationalDataset DEFAULT_DATASET =
+            ActiveOperationalDataset.fromThreadTlvs(DEFAULT_DATASET_TLVS);
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mController = new ThreadNetworkController(mMockService);
+    }
+
+    private static void setBinderUid(int uid) {
+        // TODO: generally, it's not a good practice to depend on the implementation detail to set
+        // a custom UID, but Connectivity, Wifi, UWB and etc modules are using this trick. Maybe
+        // define a interface (e.b. CallerIdentityInjector) for easier mocking.
+        Binder.restoreCallingIdentity((((long) uid) << 32) | Binder.getCallingPid());
+    }
+
+    private static IStateCallback getStateCallback(InvocationOnMock invocation) {
+        return (IStateCallback) invocation.getArguments()[0];
+    }
+
+    private static IOperationReceiver getOperationReceiver(InvocationOnMock invocation) {
+        return (IOperationReceiver) invocation.getArguments()[0];
+    }
+
+    private static IOperationReceiver getJoinReceiver(InvocationOnMock invocation) {
+        return (IOperationReceiver) invocation.getArguments()[1];
+    }
+
+    private static IOperationReceiver getScheduleMigrationReceiver(InvocationOnMock invocation) {
+        return (IOperationReceiver) invocation.getArguments()[1];
+    }
+
+    private static IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver getCreateDatasetReceiver(
+            InvocationOnMock invocation) {
+        return (IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver) invocation.getArguments()[1];
+    }
+
+    private static IOperationalDatasetCallback getOperationalDatasetCallback(
+            InvocationOnMock invocation) {
+        return (IOperationalDatasetCallback) invocation.getArguments()[0];
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void registerStateCallback_callbackIsInvokedWithCallingAppIdentity() throws Exception {
+        setBinderUid(SYSTEM_UID);
+        doAnswer(
+                        invoke -> {
+                            getStateCallback(invoke).onDeviceRoleChanged(DEVICE_ROLE_CHILD);
+                            return null;
+                        })
+                .when(mMockService)
+                .registerStateCallback(any(IStateCallback.class));
+        AtomicInteger callbackUid = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        StateCallback callback = state -> callbackUid.set(Binder.getCallingUid());
+
+        try {
+            mController.registerStateCallback(Runnable::run, callback);
+
+            assertThat(callbackUid.get()).isNotEqualTo(SYSTEM_UID);
+            assertThat(callbackUid.get()).isEqualTo(Process.myUid());
+        } finally {
+            mController.unregisterStateCallback(callback);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void registerOperationalDatasetCallback_callbackIsInvokedWithCallingAppIdentity()
+            throws Exception {
+        setBinderUid(SYSTEM_UID);
+        doAnswer(
+                        invoke -> {
+                            getOperationalDatasetCallback(invoke)
+                                    .onActiveOperationalDatasetChanged(null);
+                            getOperationalDatasetCallback(invoke)
+                                    .onPendingOperationalDatasetChanged(null);
+                            return null;
+                        })
+                .when(mMockService)
+                .registerOperationalDatasetCallback(any(IOperationalDatasetCallback.class));
+        AtomicInteger activeCallbackUid = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        AtomicInteger pendingCallbackUid = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        OperationalDatasetCallback callback =
+                new OperationalDatasetCallback() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onActiveOperationalDatasetChanged(
+                            ActiveOperationalDataset dataset) {
+                        activeCallbackUid.set(Binder.getCallingUid());
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onPendingOperationalDatasetChanged(
+                            PendingOperationalDataset dataset) {
+                        pendingCallbackUid.set(Binder.getCallingUid());
+                    }
+                };
+
+        try {
+            mController.registerOperationalDatasetCallback(Runnable::run, callback);
+
+            assertThat(activeCallbackUid.get()).isNotEqualTo(SYSTEM_UID);
+            assertThat(activeCallbackUid.get()).isEqualTo(Process.myUid());
+            assertThat(pendingCallbackUid.get()).isNotEqualTo(SYSTEM_UID);
+            assertThat(pendingCallbackUid.get()).isEqualTo(Process.myUid());
+        } finally {
+            mController.unregisterOperationalDatasetCallback(callback);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void createRandomizedDataset_callbackIsInvokedWithCallingAppIdentity() throws Exception {
+        setBinderUid(SYSTEM_UID);
+        AtomicInteger successCallbackUid = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        AtomicInteger errorCallbackUid = new AtomicInteger(0);
+
+        doAnswer(
+                        invoke -> {
+                            getCreateDatasetReceiver(invoke).onSuccess(DEFAULT_DATASET);
+                            return null;
+                        })
+                .when(mMockService)
+                .createRandomizedDataset(anyString(), any(IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver.class));
+        mController.createRandomizedDataset(
+                "TestNet",
+                Runnable::run,
+                dataset -> successCallbackUid.set(Binder.getCallingUid()));
+        doAnswer(
+                        invoke -> {
+                            getCreateDatasetReceiver(invoke).onError(ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_CHANNEL, "");
+                            return null;
+                        })
+                .when(mMockService)
+                .createRandomizedDataset(anyString(), any(IActiveOperationalDatasetReceiver.class));
+        mController.createRandomizedDataset(
+                "TestNet",
+                Runnable::run,
+                new OutcomeReceiver<>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onResult(ActiveOperationalDataset dataset) {}
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onError(ThreadNetworkException e) {
+                        errorCallbackUid.set(Binder.getCallingUid());
+                    }
+                });
+
+        assertThat(successCallbackUid.get()).isNotEqualTo(SYSTEM_UID);
+        assertThat(successCallbackUid.get()).isEqualTo(Process.myUid());
+        assertThat(errorCallbackUid.get()).isNotEqualTo(SYSTEM_UID);
+        assertThat(errorCallbackUid.get()).isEqualTo(Process.myUid());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void join_callbackIsInvokedWithCallingAppIdentity() throws Exception {
+        setBinderUid(SYSTEM_UID);
+        AtomicInteger successCallbackUid = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        AtomicInteger errorCallbackUid = new AtomicInteger(0);
+
+        doAnswer(
+                        invoke -> {
+                            getJoinReceiver(invoke).onSuccess();
+                            return null;
+                        })
+                .when(mMockService)
+                .join(any(ActiveOperationalDataset.class), any(IOperationReceiver.class));
+        mController.join(
+                DEFAULT_DATASET,
+                Runnable::run,
+                v -> successCallbackUid.set(Binder.getCallingUid()));
+        doAnswer(
+                        invoke -> {
+                            getJoinReceiver(invoke).onError(ERROR_UNAVAILABLE, "");
+                            return null;
+                        })
+                .when(mMockService)
+                .join(any(ActiveOperationalDataset.class), any(IOperationReceiver.class));
+        mController.join(
+                DEFAULT_DATASET,
+                Runnable::run,
+                new OutcomeReceiver<>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onResult(Void unused) {}
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onError(ThreadNetworkException e) {
+                        errorCallbackUid.set(Binder.getCallingUid());
+                    }
+                });
+
+        assertThat(successCallbackUid.get()).isNotEqualTo(SYSTEM_UID);
+        assertThat(successCallbackUid.get()).isEqualTo(Process.myUid());
+        assertThat(errorCallbackUid.get()).isNotEqualTo(SYSTEM_UID);
+        assertThat(errorCallbackUid.get()).isEqualTo(Process.myUid());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void scheduleMigration_callbackIsInvokedWithCallingAppIdentity() throws Exception {
+        setBinderUid(SYSTEM_UID);
+        final PendingOperationalDataset pendingDataset =
+                new PendingOperationalDataset(
+                        DEFAULT_DATASET,
+                        new OperationalDatasetTimestamp(100, 0, false),
+                        Duration.ZERO);
+        AtomicInteger successCallbackUid = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        AtomicInteger errorCallbackUid = new AtomicInteger(0);
+
+        doAnswer(
+                        invoke -> {
+                            getScheduleMigrationReceiver(invoke).onSuccess();
+                            return null;
+                        })
+                .when(mMockService)
+                .scheduleMigration(
+                        any(PendingOperationalDataset.class), any(IOperationReceiver.class));
+        mController.scheduleMigration(
+                pendingDataset, Runnable::run, v -> successCallbackUid.set(Binder.getCallingUid()));
+        doAnswer(
+                        invoke -> {
+                            getScheduleMigrationReceiver(invoke).onError(ERROR_UNAVAILABLE, "");
+                            return null;
+                        })
+                .when(mMockService)
+                .scheduleMigration(
+                        any(PendingOperationalDataset.class), any(IOperationReceiver.class));
+        mController.scheduleMigration(
+                pendingDataset,
+                Runnable::run,
+                new OutcomeReceiver<>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onResult(Void unused) {}
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onError(ThreadNetworkException e) {
+                        errorCallbackUid.set(Binder.getCallingUid());
+                    }
+                });
+
+        assertThat(successCallbackUid.get()).isNotEqualTo(SYSTEM_UID);
+        assertThat(successCallbackUid.get()).isEqualTo(Process.myUid());
+        assertThat(errorCallbackUid.get()).isNotEqualTo(SYSTEM_UID);
+        assertThat(errorCallbackUid.get()).isEqualTo(Process.myUid());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void leave_callbackIsInvokedWithCallingAppIdentity() throws Exception {
+        setBinderUid(SYSTEM_UID);
+        AtomicInteger successCallbackUid = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        AtomicInteger errorCallbackUid = new AtomicInteger(0);
+
+        doAnswer(
+                        invoke -> {
+                            getOperationReceiver(invoke).onSuccess();
+                            return null;
+                        })
+                .when(mMockService)
+                .leave(any(IOperationReceiver.class));
+        mController.leave(Runnable::run, v -> successCallbackUid.set(Binder.getCallingUid()));
+        doAnswer(
+                        invoke -> {
+                            getOperationReceiver(invoke).onError(ERROR_UNAVAILABLE, "");
+                            return null;
+                        })
+                .when(mMockService)
+                .leave(any(IOperationReceiver.class));
+        mController.leave(
+                Runnable::run,
+                new OutcomeReceiver<>() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void onResult(Void unused) {}
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void onError(ThreadNetworkException e) {
+                        errorCallbackUid.set(Binder.getCallingUid());
+                    }
+                });
+
+        assertThat(successCallbackUid.get()).isNotEqualTo(SYSTEM_UID);
+        assertThat(successCallbackUid.get()).isEqualTo(Process.myUid());
+        assertThat(errorCallbackUid.get()).isNotEqualTo(SYSTEM_UID);
+        assertThat(errorCallbackUid.get()).isEqualTo(Process.myUid());
+    }
+}