diff --git a/DnsResolver/DnsBpfHelper.cpp b/DnsResolver/DnsBpfHelper.cpp
index de8bef5..0719ade 100644
--- a/DnsResolver/DnsBpfHelper.cpp
+++ b/DnsResolver/DnsBpfHelper.cpp
@@ -69,9 +69,10 @@
   // state, making it a trustworthy source. Since this library primarily serves DNS resolvers,
   // relying solely on V+ data prevents erroneous blocking of DNS queries.
   if (android::modules::sdklevel::IsAtLeastV() && metered) {
-    // The background data setting (PENALTY_BOX_MATCH) and unrestricted data usage setting
-    // (HAPPY_BOX_MATCH) for individual apps override the system wide Data Saver setting.
-    if (uidRules & PENALTY_BOX_MATCH) return true;
+    // The background data setting (PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH, PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH) and
+    // unrestricted data usage setting (HAPPY_BOX_MATCH) for individual apps override the system
+    // wide Data Saver setting.
+    if (uidRules & (PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH | PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH)) return true;
     if (uidRules & HAPPY_BOX_MATCH) return false;
 
     auto dataSaverSetting = mDataSaverEnabledMap.readValue(DATA_SAVER_ENABLED_KEY);
diff --git a/DnsResolver/DnsBpfHelperTest.cpp b/DnsResolver/DnsBpfHelperTest.cpp
index 67b5b95..18a5df4 100644
--- a/DnsResolver/DnsBpfHelperTest.cpp
+++ b/DnsResolver/DnsBpfHelperTest.cpp
@@ -158,23 +158,33 @@
     }
   } testConfigs[]{
     // clang-format off
-    // enabledRules, dataSaverEnabled, uidRules,                                        blocked
-    {NO_MATCH,       false,            NO_MATCH,                                        false},
-    {NO_MATCH,       false,            PENALTY_BOX_MATCH,                               true},
-    {NO_MATCH,       false,            HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,                                 false},
-    {NO_MATCH,       false,            PENALTY_BOX_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,               true},
-    {NO_MATCH,       true,             NO_MATCH,                                        true},
-    {NO_MATCH,       true,             PENALTY_BOX_MATCH,                               true},
-    {NO_MATCH,       true,             HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,                                 false},
-    {NO_MATCH,       true,             PENALTY_BOX_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,               true},
-    {STANDBY_MATCH,  false,            STANDBY_MATCH,                                   true},
-    {STANDBY_MATCH,  false,            STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_MATCH,                 true},
-    {STANDBY_MATCH,  false,            STANDBY_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,                   true},
-    {STANDBY_MATCH,  false,            STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, true},
-    {STANDBY_MATCH,  true,             STANDBY_MATCH,                                   true},
-    {STANDBY_MATCH,  true,             STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_MATCH,                 true},
-    {STANDBY_MATCH,  true,             STANDBY_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,                   true},
-    {STANDBY_MATCH,  true,             STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, true},
+    // enabledRules, dataSaverEnabled, uidRules,                                            blocked
+    {NO_MATCH,       false,            NO_MATCH,                                             false},
+    {NO_MATCH,       false,            PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH,                                true},
+    {NO_MATCH,       false,            PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH,                               true},
+    {NO_MATCH,       false,            PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH,        true},
+    {NO_MATCH,       false,            HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,                                      false},
+    {NO_MATCH,       false,            PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,                true},
+    {NO_MATCH,       false,            PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,               true},
+    {NO_MATCH,       true,             NO_MATCH,                                              true},
+    {NO_MATCH,       true,             PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH,                                true},
+    {NO_MATCH,       true,             PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH,                               true},
+    {NO_MATCH,       true,             PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH,        true},
+    {NO_MATCH,       true,             HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,                                      false},
+    {NO_MATCH,       true,             PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,                true},
+    {NO_MATCH,       true,             PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,               true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  false,            STANDBY_MATCH,                                         true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  false,            STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH,                  true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  false,            STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH,                 true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  false,            STANDBY_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,                         true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  false,            STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,  true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  false,            STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  true,             STANDBY_MATCH,                                         true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  true,             STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH,                  true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  true,             STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH,                 true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  true,             STANDBY_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,                         true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  true,             STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH,  true},
+    {STANDBY_MATCH,  true,             STANDBY_MATCH|PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH|HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, true},
     // clang-format on
   };
 
diff --git a/bpf_progs/netd.c b/bpf_progs/netd.c
index dfc7699..c3acaad 100644
--- a/bpf_progs/netd.c
+++ b/bpf_progs/netd.c
@@ -407,6 +407,9 @@
 
     BpfConfig enabledRules = getConfig(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY);
 
+    // BACKGROUND match does not apply to loopback traffic
+    if (skb->ifindex == 1) enabledRules &= ~BACKGROUND_MATCH;
+
     UidOwnerValue* uidEntry = bpf_uid_owner_map_lookup_elem(&uid);
     uint32_t uidRules = uidEntry ? uidEntry->rule : 0;
     uint32_t allowed_iif = uidEntry ? uidEntry->iif : 0;
@@ -644,7 +647,8 @@
 (struct __sk_buff* skb) {
     uint32_t sock_uid = bpf_get_socket_uid(skb);
     UidOwnerValue* denylistMatch = bpf_uid_owner_map_lookup_elem(&sock_uid);
-    if (denylistMatch) return denylistMatch->rule & PENALTY_BOX_MATCH ? BPF_MATCH : BPF_NOMATCH;
+    uint32_t penalty_box = PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH | PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH;
+    if (denylistMatch) return denylistMatch->rule & penalty_box ? BPF_MATCH : BPF_NOMATCH;
     return BPF_NOMATCH;
 }
 
diff --git a/bpf_progs/netd.h b/bpf_progs/netd.h
index 098147f..8a56b4a 100644
--- a/bpf_progs/netd.h
+++ b/bpf_progs/netd.h
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
 enum UidOwnerMatchType : uint32_t {
     NO_MATCH = 0,
     HAPPY_BOX_MATCH = (1 << 0),
-    PENALTY_BOX_MATCH = (1 << 1),
+    PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH = (1 << 1),
     DOZABLE_MATCH = (1 << 2),
     STANDBY_MATCH = (1 << 3),
     POWERSAVE_MATCH = (1 << 4),
@@ -192,7 +192,8 @@
     OEM_DENY_1_MATCH = (1 << 9),
     OEM_DENY_2_MATCH = (1 << 10),
     OEM_DENY_3_MATCH = (1 << 11),
-    BACKGROUND_MATCH = (1 << 12)
+    BACKGROUND_MATCH = (1 << 12),
+    PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH = (1 << 13),
 };
 // LINT.ThenChange(../framework/src/android/net/BpfNetMapsConstants.java)
 
diff --git a/common/FlaggedApi.bp b/common/FlaggedApi.bp
index 56625c5..21be1d3 100644
--- a/common/FlaggedApi.bp
+++ b/common/FlaggedApi.bp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 aconfig_declarations {
     name: "com.android.net.flags-aconfig",
     package: "com.android.net.flags",
-    container: "system",
+    container: "com.android.tethering",
     srcs: ["flags.aconfig"],
     visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"],
 }
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 aconfig_declarations {
     name: "com.android.net.thread.flags-aconfig",
     package: "com.android.net.thread.flags",
-    container: "system",
+    container: "com.android.tethering",
     srcs: ["thread_flags.aconfig"],
     visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"],
 }
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 aconfig_declarations {
     name: "nearby_flags",
     package: "com.android.nearby.flags",
-    container: "system",
+    container: "com.android.tethering",
     srcs: ["nearby_flags.aconfig"],
     visibility: ["//packages/modules/Connectivity:__subpackages__"],
 }
diff --git a/common/flags.aconfig b/common/flags.aconfig
index 30931df..40e6cd8 100644
--- a/common/flags.aconfig
+++ b/common/flags.aconfig
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 package: "com.android.net.flags"
-container: "system"
+container: "com.android.tethering"
 
 # This file contains aconfig flags for FlaggedAPI annotations
 # Flags used from platform code must be in under frameworks
@@ -83,3 +83,11 @@
   description: "Flag for API to register nsd offload engine"
   bug: "301713539"
 }
+
+flag {
+  name: "metered_network_firewall_chains"
+  is_exported: true
+  namespace: "android_core_networking"
+  description: "Flag for metered network firewall chain API"
+  bug: "332628891"
+}
diff --git a/common/nearby_flags.aconfig b/common/nearby_flags.aconfig
index b733849..55a865b 100644
--- a/common/nearby_flags.aconfig
+++ b/common/nearby_flags.aconfig
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 package: "com.android.nearby.flags"
-container: "system"
+container: "com.android.tethering"
 
 flag {
     name: "powered_off_finding"
diff --git a/common/thread_flags.aconfig b/common/thread_flags.aconfig
index 43fc147..43acd1b 100644
--- a/common/thread_flags.aconfig
+++ b/common/thread_flags.aconfig
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 package: "com.android.net.thread.flags"
-container: "system"
+container: "com.android.tethering"
 
 flag {
     name: "thread_enabled"
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
index 1001423..48d40e6 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdManager.java
@@ -389,6 +389,7 @@
     }
 
     private static final int FIRST_LISTENER_KEY = 1;
+    private static final int DNSSEC_PROTOCOL = 3;
 
     private final INsdServiceConnector mService;
     private final Context mContext;
@@ -1754,45 +1755,132 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private enum ServiceValidationType {
+        NO_SERVICE,
+        HAS_SERVICE, // A service with a positive port
+        HAS_SERVICE_ZERO_PORT, // A service with a zero port
+    }
+
+    private enum HostValidationType {
+        DEFAULT_HOST, // No host is specified so the default host will be used
+        CUSTOM_HOST, // A custom host with addresses is specified
+        CUSTOM_HOST_NO_ADDRESS, // A custom host without address is specified
+    }
+
+    private enum PublicKeyValidationType {
+        NO_KEY,
+        HAS_KEY,
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if the service is valid for registration and classify it as one of {@link
+     * ServiceValidationType}.
+     */
+    private static ServiceValidationType validateService(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo) {
+        final boolean hasServiceName = !TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getServiceName());
+        final boolean hasServiceType = !TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getServiceType());
+        if (!hasServiceName && !hasServiceType && serviceInfo.getPort() == 0) {
+            return ServiceValidationType.NO_SERVICE;
+        }
+        if (hasServiceName && hasServiceType) {
+            if (serviceInfo.getPort() < 0) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid port");
+            }
+            if (serviceInfo.getPort() == 0) {
+                return ServiceValidationType.HAS_SERVICE_ZERO_PORT;
+            }
+            return ServiceValidationType.HAS_SERVICE;
+        }
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The service name or the service type is missing");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if the host is valid for registration and classify it as one of {@link
+     * HostValidationType}.
+     */
+    private static HostValidationType validateHost(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo) {
+        final boolean hasHostname = !TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getHostname());
+        final boolean hasHostAddresses = !CollectionUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getHostAddresses());
+        if (!hasHostname) {
+            // Keep compatible with the legacy behavior: It's allowed to set host
+            // addresses for a service registration although the host addresses
+            // won't be registered. To register the addresses for a host, the
+            // hostname must be specified.
+            return HostValidationType.DEFAULT_HOST;
+        }
+        if (!hasHostAddresses) {
+            return HostValidationType.CUSTOM_HOST_NO_ADDRESS;
+        }
+        return HostValidationType.CUSTOM_HOST;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if the public key is valid for registration and classify it as one of {@link
+     * PublicKeyValidationType}.
+     *
+     * <p>For simplicity, it only checks if the protocol is DNSSEC and the RDATA is not fewer than 4
+     * bytes. See RFC 3445 Section 3.
+     */
+    private static PublicKeyValidationType validatePublicKey(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo) {
+        byte[] publicKey = serviceInfo.getPublicKey();
+        if (publicKey == null) {
+            return PublicKeyValidationType.NO_KEY;
+        }
+        if (publicKey.length < 4) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The public key should be at least 4 bytes long");
+        }
+        int protocol = publicKey[2];
+        if (protocol == DNSSEC_PROTOCOL) {
+            return PublicKeyValidationType.HAS_KEY;
+        }
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                "The public key's protocol ("
+                        + protocol
+                        + ") is invalid. It should be DNSSEC_PROTOCOL (3)");
+    }
+
     /**
      * Check if the {@link NsdServiceInfo} is valid for registration.
      *
-     * The following can be registered:
-     * - A service with an optional host.
-     * - A hostname with addresses.
+     * <p>Firstly, check if service, host and public key are all valid respectively. Then check if
+     * the combination of service, host and public key is valid.
      *
-     * Note that:
-     * - When registering a service, the service name, service type and port must be specified. If
-     *   hostname is specified, the host addresses can optionally be specified.
-     * - When registering a host without a service, the addresses must be specified.
+     * <p>If the {@code serviceInfo} is invalid, throw an {@link IllegalArgumentException}
+     * describing the reason.
+     *
+     * <p>There are the invalid combinations of service, host and public key:
+     *
+     * <ul>
+     *   <li>Neither service nor host is specified.
+     *   <li>No public key is specified and the service has a zero port.
+     *   <li>The registration only contains the hostname but addresses are missing.
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * <p>Keys are used to reserve hostnames or service names while the service/host is temporarily
+     * inactive, so registrations with a key and just a hostname or a service name are acceptable.
      *
      * @hide
      */
     public static void checkServiceInfoForRegistration(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(serviceInfo, "NsdServiceInfo cannot be null");
-        boolean hasServiceName = !TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getServiceName());
-        boolean hasServiceType = !TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getServiceType());
-        boolean hasHostname = !TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getHostname());
-        boolean hasHostAddresses = !CollectionUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getHostAddresses());
 
-        if (serviceInfo.getPort() < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid port");
+        final ServiceValidationType serviceValidation = validateService(serviceInfo);
+        final HostValidationType hostValidation = validateHost(serviceInfo);
+        final PublicKeyValidationType publicKeyValidation = validatePublicKey(serviceInfo);
+
+        if (serviceValidation == ServiceValidationType.NO_SERVICE
+                && hostValidation == HostValidationType.DEFAULT_HOST) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Nothing to register");
         }
-
-        if (hasServiceType || hasServiceName || (serviceInfo.getPort() > 0)) {
-            if (!(hasServiceType && hasServiceName && (serviceInfo.getPort() > 0))) {
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                        "The service type, service name or port is missing");
+        if (publicKeyValidation == PublicKeyValidationType.NO_KEY) {
+            if (serviceValidation == ServiceValidationType.HAS_SERVICE_ZERO_PORT) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("The port is missing");
             }
-        }
-
-        if (!hasServiceType && !hasHostname) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No service or host specified in NsdServiceInfo");
-        }
-
-        if (!hasServiceType && hasHostname && !hasHostAddresses) {
-            // TODO: b/317946010 - This may be allowed when it supports registering KEY RR.
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No host addresses specified in NsdServiceInfo");
+            if (serviceValidation == ServiceValidationType.NO_SERVICE
+                    && hostValidation == HostValidationType.CUSTOM_HOST_NO_ADDRESS) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                        "The host addresses must be specified unless there is a service");
+            }
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfo.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfo.java
index 9491a9c..2f675a9 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfo.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfo.java
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -69,6 +70,9 @@
     private int mPort;
 
     @Nullable
+    private byte[] mPublicKey;
+
+    @Nullable
     private Network mNetwork;
 
     private int mInterfaceIndex;
@@ -220,6 +224,40 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Set the public key RDATA to be advertised in a KEY RR (RFC 2535).
+     *
+     * <p>This is the public key of the key pair used for signing a DNS message (e.g. SRP). Clients
+     * typically don't need this information, but the KEY RR is usually published to claim the use
+     * of the DNS name so that another mDNS advertiser can't take over the ownership during a
+     * temporary power down of the original host device.
+     *
+     * <p>When the public key is set to non-null, exactly one KEY RR will be advertised for each of
+     * the service and host name if they are not null.
+     *
+     * @hide // For Thread only
+     */
+    public void setPublicKey(@Nullable byte[] publicKey) {
+        if (publicKey == null) {
+            mPublicKey = null;
+            return;
+        }
+        mPublicKey = Arrays.copyOf(publicKey, publicKey.length);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the public key RDATA in the KEY RR (RFC 2535) or {@code null} if no KEY RR exists.
+     *
+     * @hide // For Thread only
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public byte[] getPublicKey() {
+        if (mPublicKey == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return Arrays.copyOf(mPublicKey, mPublicKey.length);
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Unpack txt information from a base-64 encoded byte array.
      *
      * @param txtRecordsRawBytes The raw base64 encoded byte array.
@@ -622,6 +660,7 @@
         }
         dest.writeString(mHostname);
         dest.writeLong(mExpirationTime != null ? mExpirationTime.getEpochSecond() : -1);
+        dest.writeByteArray(mPublicKey);
     }
 
     /** Implement the Parcelable interface */
@@ -654,6 +693,7 @@
                 info.mHostname = in.readString();
                 final long seconds = in.readLong();
                 info.setExpirationTime(seconds < 0 ? null : Instant.ofEpochSecond(seconds));
+                info.mPublicKey = in.createByteArray();
                 return info;
             }
 
diff --git a/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt b/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
index 026d8a9..b2aafa0 100644
--- a/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
+++ b/framework/api/module-lib-current.txt
@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@
     field @FlaggedApi("com.android.net.flags.basic_background_restrictions_enabled") public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND = 6; // 0x6
     field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE = 1; // 0x1
     field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY = 5; // 0x5
+    field @FlaggedApi("com.android.net.flags.metered_network_firewall_chains") public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW = 10; // 0xa
+    field @FlaggedApi("com.android.net.flags.metered_network_firewall_chains") public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN = 12; // 0xc
+    field @FlaggedApi("com.android.net.flags.metered_network_firewall_chains") public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER = 11; // 0xb
     field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1 = 7; // 0x7
     field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2 = 8; // 0x8
     field public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3 = 9; // 0x9
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/BpfNetMapsConstants.java b/framework/src/android/net/BpfNetMapsConstants.java
index 5d0fe73..f3773de 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/BpfNetMapsConstants.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/BpfNetMapsConstants.java
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3;
@@ -67,7 +70,7 @@
     // LINT.IfChange(match_type)
     public static final long NO_MATCH = 0;
     public static final long HAPPY_BOX_MATCH = (1 << 0);
-    public static final long PENALTY_BOX_MATCH = (1 << 1);
+    public static final long PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH = (1 << 1);
     public static final long DOZABLE_MATCH = (1 << 2);
     public static final long STANDBY_MATCH = (1 << 3);
     public static final long POWERSAVE_MATCH = (1 << 4);
@@ -79,10 +82,11 @@
     public static final long OEM_DENY_2_MATCH = (1 << 10);
     public static final long OEM_DENY_3_MATCH = (1 << 11);
     public static final long BACKGROUND_MATCH = (1 << 12);
+    public static final long PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH = (1 << 13);
 
     public static final List<Pair<Long, String>> MATCH_LIST = Arrays.asList(
             Pair.create(HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, "HAPPY_BOX_MATCH"),
-            Pair.create(PENALTY_BOX_MATCH, "PENALTY_BOX_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH, "PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH"),
             Pair.create(DOZABLE_MATCH, "DOZABLE_MATCH"),
             Pair.create(STANDBY_MATCH, "STANDBY_MATCH"),
             Pair.create(POWERSAVE_MATCH, "POWERSAVE_MATCH"),
@@ -93,11 +97,13 @@
             Pair.create(OEM_DENY_1_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_1_MATCH"),
             Pair.create(OEM_DENY_2_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_2_MATCH"),
             Pair.create(OEM_DENY_3_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_3_MATCH"),
-            Pair.create(BACKGROUND_MATCH, "BACKGROUND_MATCH")
+            Pair.create(BACKGROUND_MATCH, "BACKGROUND_MATCH"),
+            Pair.create(PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH, "PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH")
     );
 
     /**
-     * List of all firewall allow chains.
+     * List of all firewall allow chains that are applied to all networks regardless of meteredness
+     * See {@link #METERED_ALLOW_CHAINS} for allow chains that are only applied to metered networks.
      *
      * Allow chains mean the firewall denies all uids by default, uids must be explicitly allowed.
      */
@@ -110,7 +116,8 @@
     );
 
     /**
-     * List of all firewall deny chains.
+     * List of all firewall deny chains that are applied to all networks regardless of meteredness
+     * See {@link #METERED_DENY_CHAINS} for deny chains that are only applied to metered networks.
      *
      * Deny chains mean the firewall allows all uids by default, uids must be explicitly denied.
      */
@@ -120,5 +127,24 @@
             FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2,
             FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3
     );
+
+    /**
+     * List of all firewall allow chains that are only applied to metered networks.
+     * See {@link #ALLOW_CHAINS} for allow chains that are applied to all networks regardless of
+     * meteredness.
+     */
+    public static final List<Integer> METERED_ALLOW_CHAINS = List.of(
+            FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW
+    );
+
+    /**
+     * List of all firewall deny chains that are only applied to metered networks.
+     * See {@link #DENY_CHAINS} for deny chains that are applied to all networks regardless of
+     * meteredness.
+     */
+    public static final List<Integer> METERED_DENY_CHAINS = List.of(
+            FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER,
+            FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN
+    );
     // LINT.ThenChange(../../../../bpf_progs/netd.h)
 }
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/BpfNetMapsUtils.java b/framework/src/android/net/BpfNetMapsUtils.java
index 19ecafb..4e01fee 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/BpfNetMapsUtils.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/BpfNetMapsUtils.java
@@ -25,11 +25,14 @@
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.HAPPY_BOX_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.LOW_POWER_STANDBY_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.MATCH_LIST;
+import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.METERED_ALLOW_CHAINS;
+import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.METERED_DENY_CHAINS;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.NO_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.OEM_DENY_1_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.OEM_DENY_2_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.OEM_DENY_3_MATCH;
-import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.PENALTY_BOX_MATCH;
+import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH;
+import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.POWERSAVE_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.RESTRICTED_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.STANDBY_MATCH;
@@ -37,6 +40,9 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3;
@@ -47,12 +53,15 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.EINVAL;
 
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Process;
 import android.os.ServiceSpecificException;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
 import android.system.Os;
 import android.util.Pair;
 
+import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
+
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.IBpfMap;
 import com.android.net.module.util.Struct;
@@ -70,6 +79,8 @@
 // Note that this class should be put into bootclasspath instead of static libraries.
 // Because modules could have different copies of this class if this is statically linked,
 // which would be problematic if the definitions in these modules are not synchronized.
+// Note that NetworkStack can not use this before U due to b/326143935
+@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
 public class BpfNetMapsUtils {
     // Bitmaps for calculating whether a given uid is blocked by firewall chains.
     private static final long sMaskDropIfSet;
@@ -117,6 +128,12 @@
                 return OEM_DENY_2_MATCH;
             case FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3:
                 return OEM_DENY_3_MATCH;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW:
+                return HAPPY_BOX_MATCH;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER:
+                return PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH;
+            case FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN:
+                return PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH;
             default:
                 throw new ServiceSpecificException(EINVAL, "Invalid firewall chain: " + chain);
         }
@@ -129,9 +146,9 @@
      * DENYLIST means the firewall allows all by default, uids must be explicitly denied
      */
     public static boolean isFirewallAllowList(final int chain) {
-        if (ALLOW_CHAINS.contains(chain)) {
+        if (ALLOW_CHAINS.contains(chain) || METERED_ALLOW_CHAINS.contains(chain)) {
             return true;
-        } else if (DENY_CHAINS.contains(chain)) {
+        } else if (DENY_CHAINS.contains(chain) || METERED_DENY_CHAINS.contains(chain)) {
             return false;
         }
         throw new ServiceSpecificException(EINVAL, "Invalid firewall chain: " + chain);
@@ -264,7 +281,7 @@
         }
 
         if (!isNetworkMetered) return false;
-        if ((uidMatch & PENALTY_BOX_MATCH) != 0) return true;
+        if ((uidMatch & (PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH | PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH)) != 0) return true;
         if ((uidMatch & HAPPY_BOX_MATCH) != 0) return false;
         return getDataSaverEnabled(dataSaverEnabledMap);
     }
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java b/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
index b1e636d..7823258 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
@@ -128,6 +128,8 @@
                 "com.android.net.flags.support_is_uid_networking_blocked";
         static final String BASIC_BACKGROUND_RESTRICTIONS_ENABLED =
                 "com.android.net.flags.basic_background_restrictions_enabled";
+        static final String METERED_NETWORK_FIREWALL_CHAINS =
+                "com.android.net.flags.metered_network_firewall_chains";
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1068,6 +1070,61 @@
     @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
     public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3 = 9;
 
+    /**
+     * Firewall chain for allow list on metered networks
+     *
+     * UIDs added to this chain have access to metered networks, unless they're also in one of the
+     * denylist, {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER},
+     * {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN}
+     *
+     * Note that this chain is used from a separate bpf program that is triggered by iptables and
+     * can not be controlled by {@link ConnectivityManager#setFirewallChainEnabled}.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    // TODO: Merge this chain with data saver and support setFirewallChainEnabled
+    @FlaggedApi(Flags.METERED_NETWORK_FIREWALL_CHAINS)
+    @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
+    public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW = 10;
+
+    /**
+     * Firewall chain for user-set restrictions on metered networks
+     *
+     * UIDs added to this chain do not have access to metered networks.
+     * UIDs should be added to this chain based on user settings.
+     * To restrict metered network based on admin configuration (e.g. enterprise policies),
+     * {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN} should be used.
+     * This chain corresponds to {@link #BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED}
+     *
+     * Note that this chain is used from a separate bpf program that is triggered by iptables and
+     * can not be controlled by {@link ConnectivityManager#setFirewallChainEnabled}.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    // TODO: Support setFirewallChainEnabled to control this chain
+    @FlaggedApi(Flags.METERED_NETWORK_FIREWALL_CHAINS)
+    @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
+    public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER = 11;
+
+    /**
+     * Firewall chain for admin-set restrictions on metered networks
+     *
+     * UIDs added to this chain do not have access to metered networks.
+     * UIDs should be added to this chain based on admin configuration (e.g. enterprise policies).
+     * To restrict metered network based on user settings, {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER}
+     * should be used.
+     * This chain corresponds to {@link #BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_ADMIN_DISABLED}
+     *
+     * Note that this chain is used from a separate bpf program that is triggered by iptables and
+     * can not be controlled by {@link ConnectivityManager#setFirewallChainEnabled}.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    // TODO: Support setFirewallChainEnabled to control this chain
+    @FlaggedApi(Flags.METERED_NETWORK_FIREWALL_CHAINS)
+    @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
+    public static final int FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN = 12;
+
     /** @hide */
     @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
     @IntDef(flag = false, prefix = "FIREWALL_CHAIN_", value = {
@@ -1079,7 +1136,10 @@
         FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND,
         FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1,
         FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2,
-        FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3
+        FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3,
+        FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW,
+        FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER,
+        FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN
     })
     public @interface FirewallChain {}
 
@@ -6065,7 +6125,7 @@
     })
     public void addUidToMeteredNetworkAllowList(final int uid) {
         try {
-            mService.updateMeteredNetworkAllowList(uid, true /* add */);
+            mService.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -6088,7 +6148,7 @@
     })
     public void removeUidFromMeteredNetworkAllowList(final int uid) {
         try {
-            mService.updateMeteredNetworkAllowList(uid, false /* remove */);
+            mService.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -6098,10 +6158,17 @@
      * Adds the specified UID to the list of UIDs that are not allowed to use background data on
      * metered networks. Takes precedence over {@link #addUidToMeteredNetworkAllowList}.
      *
+     * On V+, {@link #setUidFirewallRule} should be used with
+     * {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER} or {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN}
+     * based on the reason so that users can receive {@link #BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED}
+     * or {@link #BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_ADMIN_DISABLED}, respectively.
+     * This API always uses {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER}.
+     *
      * @param uid uid of target app
      * @throws IllegalStateException if updating deny list failed.
      * @hide
      */
+    // TODO(b/332649177): Deprecate this API after V
     @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
     @RequiresPermission(anyOf = {
             android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
@@ -6110,7 +6177,7 @@
     })
     public void addUidToMeteredNetworkDenyList(final int uid) {
         try {
-            mService.updateMeteredNetworkDenyList(uid, true /* add */);
+            mService.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -6121,10 +6188,17 @@
      * networks if background data is not restricted. The deny list takes precedence over the
      * allow list.
      *
+     * On V+, {@link #setUidFirewallRule} should be used with
+     * {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER} or {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN}
+     * based on the reason so that users can receive {@link #BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_USER_RESTRICTED}
+     * or {@link #BLOCKED_METERED_REASON_ADMIN_DISABLED}, respectively.
+     * This API always uses {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER}.
+     *
      * @param uid uid of target app
      * @throws IllegalStateException if updating deny list failed.
      * @hide
      */
+    // TODO(b/332649177): Deprecate this API after V
     @SystemApi(client = MODULE_LIBRARIES)
     @RequiresPermission(anyOf = {
             android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
@@ -6133,7 +6207,7 @@
     })
     public void removeUidFromMeteredNetworkDenyList(final int uid) {
         try {
-            mService.updateMeteredNetworkDenyList(uid, false /* remove */);
+            mService.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
@@ -6191,6 +6265,10 @@
     /**
      * Enables or disables the specified firewall chain.
      *
+     * Note that metered firewall chains can not be controlled by this API.
+     * See {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW}, {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER}, and
+     * {@link #FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN} for more detail.
+     *
      * @param chain target chain.
      * @param enable whether the chain should be enabled.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if called on pre-T devices.
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl b/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
index d3a02b9..55c7085 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
@@ -242,10 +242,6 @@
 
     void setDataSaverEnabled(boolean enable);
 
-    void updateMeteredNetworkAllowList(int uid, boolean add);
-
-    void updateMeteredNetworkDenyList(int uid, boolean add);
-
     void setUidFirewallRule(int chain, int uid, int rule);
 
     int getUidFirewallRule(int chain, int uid);
diff --git a/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp b/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp
index 710782d..ccb6acb 100644
--- a/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp
+++ b/netbpfload/NetBpfLoad.cpp
@@ -51,23 +51,22 @@
 #include "bpf/BpfUtils.h"
 #include "loader.h"
 
-using android::base::EndsWith;
-using android::bpf::domain;
+namespace android {
+namespace bpf {
+
+using base::EndsWith;
 using std::string;
 
-bool exists(const char* const path) {
+static bool exists(const char* const path) {
     int v = access(path, F_OK);
-    if (!v) {
-        ALOGI("%s exists.", path);
-        return true;
-    }
+    if (!v) return true;
     if (errno == ENOENT) return false;
     ALOGE("FATAL: access(%s, F_OK) -> %d [%d:%s]", path, v, errno, strerror(errno));
     abort();  // can only hit this if permissions (likely selinux) are screwed up
 }
 
 
-const android::bpf::Location locations[] = {
+const Location locations[] = {
         // S+ Tethering mainline module (network_stack): tether offload
         {
                 .dir = "/apex/com.android.tethering/etc/bpf/",
@@ -97,7 +96,7 @@
         },
 };
 
-int loadAllElfObjects(const unsigned int bpfloader_ver, const android::bpf::Location& location) {
+static int loadAllElfObjects(const unsigned int bpfloader_ver, const Location& location) {
     int retVal = 0;
     DIR* dir;
     struct dirent* ent;
@@ -111,12 +110,12 @@
             progPath += s;
 
             bool critical;
-            int ret = android::bpf::loadProg(progPath.c_str(), &critical, bpfloader_ver, location);
+            int ret = loadProg(progPath.c_str(), &critical, bpfloader_ver, location);
             if (ret) {
                 if (critical) retVal = ret;
                 ALOGE("Failed to load object: %s, ret: %s", progPath.c_str(), std::strerror(-ret));
             } else {
-                ALOGI("Loaded object: %s", progPath.c_str());
+                ALOGD("Loaded object: %s", progPath.c_str());
             }
         }
         closedir(dir);
@@ -124,7 +123,7 @@
     return retVal;
 }
 
-int createSysFsBpfSubDir(const char* const prefix) {
+static int createSysFsBpfSubDir(const char* const prefix) {
     if (*prefix) {
         mode_t prevUmask = umask(0);
 
@@ -147,8 +146,8 @@
 // Technically 'value' doesn't need to be newline terminated, but it's best
 // to include a newline to match 'echo "value" > /proc/sys/...foo' behaviour,
 // which is usually how kernel devs test the actual sysctl interfaces.
-int writeProcSysFile(const char *filename, const char *value) {
-    android::base::unique_fd fd(open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
+static int writeProcSysFile(const char *filename, const char *value) {
+    base::unique_fd fd(open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
     if (fd < 0) {
         const int err = errno;
         ALOGE("open('%s', O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC) -> %s", filename, strerror(err));
@@ -172,7 +171,7 @@
 #define APEX_MOUNT_POINT "/apex/com.android.tethering"
 const char * const platformBpfLoader = "/system/bin/bpfloader";
 
-int logTetheringApexVersion(void) {
+static int logTetheringApexVersion(void) {
     char * found_blockdev = NULL;
     FILE * f = NULL;
     char buf[4096];
@@ -198,7 +197,7 @@
     f = NULL;
 
     if (!found_blockdev) return 2;
-    ALOGD("Found Tethering Apex mounted from blockdev %s", found_blockdev);
+    ALOGV("Found Tethering Apex mounted from blockdev %s", found_blockdev);
 
     f = fopen("/proc/mounts", "re");
     if (!f) { free(found_blockdev); return 3; }
@@ -224,12 +223,12 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv, char * const envp[]) {
-    (void)argc;
-    android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::KernelLogger);
+static bool isGSI() {
+    // From //system/gsid/libgsi.cpp IsGsiRunning()
+    return !access("/metadata/gsi/dsu/booted", F_OK);
+}
 
-    ALOGI("NetBpfLoad '%s' starting...", argv[0]);
-
+static int doLoad(char** argv, char * const envp[]) {
     const int device_api_level = android_get_device_api_level();
     const bool isAtLeastT = (device_api_level >= __ANDROID_API_T__);
     const bool isAtLeastU = (device_api_level >= __ANDROID_API_U__);
@@ -240,9 +239,9 @@
     // first in U QPR2 beta~2
     const bool has_platform_netbpfload_rc = exists("/system/etc/init/netbpfload.rc");
 
-    ALOGI("NetBpfLoad api:%d/%d kver:%07x rc:%d%d",
-          android_get_application_target_sdk_version(), device_api_level,
-          android::bpf::kernelVersion(),
+    ALOGI("NetBpfLoad (%s) api:%d/%d kver:%07x (%s) rc:%d%d",
+          argv[0], android_get_application_target_sdk_version(), device_api_level,
+          kernelVersion(), describeArch(),
           has_platform_bpfloader_rc, has_platform_netbpfload_rc);
 
     if (!has_platform_bpfloader_rc && !has_platform_netbpfload_rc) {
@@ -262,27 +261,55 @@
         return 1;
     }
 
-    if (isAtLeastT && !android::bpf::isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 9, 0)) {
+    if (isAtLeastT && !isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 9, 0)) {
         ALOGE("Android T requires kernel 4.9.");
         return 1;
     }
 
-    if (isAtLeastU && !android::bpf::isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 14, 0)) {
+    if (isAtLeastU && !isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 14, 0)) {
         ALOGE("Android U requires kernel 4.14.");
         return 1;
     }
 
-    if (isAtLeastV && !android::bpf::isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 19, 0)) {
+    if (isAtLeastV && !isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 19, 0)) {
         ALOGE("Android V requires kernel 4.19.");
         return 1;
     }
 
-    if (isAtLeastV && android::bpf::isX86() && !android::bpf::isKernel64Bit()) {
+    if (isAtLeastV && isX86() && !isKernel64Bit()) {
         ALOGE("Android V requires X86 kernel to be 64-bit.");
         return 1;
     }
 
-    if (android::bpf::isUserspace32bit() && android::bpf::isAtLeastKernelVersion(6, 2, 0)) {
+    if (isAtLeastV) {
+        bool bad = false;
+
+        if (!isLtsKernel()) {
+            ALOGW("Android V only supports LTS kernels.");
+            bad = true;
+        }
+
+#define REQUIRE(maj, min, sub) \
+        if (isKernelVersion(maj, min) && !isAtLeastKernelVersion(maj, min, sub)) { \
+            ALOGW("Android V requires %d.%d kernel to be %d.%d.%d+.", maj, min, maj, min, sub); \
+            bad = true; \
+        }
+
+        REQUIRE(4, 19, 236)
+        REQUIRE(5, 4, 186)
+        REQUIRE(5, 10, 199)
+        REQUIRE(5, 15, 136)
+        REQUIRE(6, 1, 57)
+        REQUIRE(6, 6, 0)
+
+#undef REQUIRE
+
+        if (bad && !isGSI()) {
+            ALOGE("Unsupported kernel version (%07x).", kernelVersion());
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (isUserspace32bit() && isAtLeastKernelVersion(6, 2, 0)) {
         /* Android 14/U should only launch on 64-bit kernels
          *   T launches on 5.10/5.15
          *   U launches on 5.15/6.1
@@ -307,9 +334,9 @@
     }
 
     // Ensure we can determine the Android build type.
-    if (!android::bpf::isEng() && !android::bpf::isUser() && !android::bpf::isUserdebug()) {
+    if (!isEng() && !isUser() && !isUserdebug()) {
         ALOGE("Failed to determine the build type: got %s, want 'eng', 'user', or 'userdebug'",
-              android::bpf::getBuildType().c_str());
+              getBuildType().c_str());
         return 1;
     }
 
@@ -319,7 +346,7 @@
         // (this writeFile is known to fail on at least 4.19, but always defaults to 0 on
         // pre-5.13, on 5.13+ it depends on CONFIG_BPF_UNPRIV_DEFAULT_OFF)
         if (writeProcSysFile("/proc/sys/kernel/unprivileged_bpf_disabled", "0\n") &&
-            android::bpf::isAtLeastKernelVersion(5, 13, 0)) return 1;
+            isAtLeastKernelVersion(5, 13, 0)) return 1;
     }
 
     if (isAtLeastU) {
@@ -373,9 +400,9 @@
 
     int key = 1;
     int value = 123;
-    android::base::unique_fd map(
-            android::bpf::createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, sizeof(key), sizeof(value), 2, 0));
-    if (android::bpf::writeToMapEntry(map, &key, &value, BPF_ANY)) {
+    base::unique_fd map(
+            createMap(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, sizeof(key), sizeof(value), 2, 0));
+    if (writeToMapEntry(map, &key, &value, BPF_ANY)) {
         ALOGE("Critical kernel bug - failure to write into index 1 of 2 element bpf map array.");
         return 1;
     }
@@ -392,3 +419,21 @@
     ALOGI("mainline done!");
     return 0;
 }
+
+}  // namespace bpf
+}  // namespace android
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv, char * const envp[]) {
+    android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::KernelLogger);
+
+    if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "done")) {
+        // we're being re-exec'ed from platform bpfloader to 'finalize' things
+        if (!android::base::SetProperty("bpf.progs_loaded", "1")) {
+            ALOGE("Failed to set bpf.progs_loaded property to 1.");
+            return 125;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    return android::bpf::doLoad(argv, envp);
+}
diff --git a/netbpfload/loader.cpp b/netbpfload/loader.cpp
index 9dd0d2a..2b5f5c7 100644
--- a/netbpfload/loader.cpp
+++ b/netbpfload/loader.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#define LOG_TAG "NetBpfLoader"
+#define LOG_TAG "NetBpfLoad"
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@
 
         ret = readSectionByIdx(elfFile, i, cs_temp.data);
         if (ret) return ret;
-        ALOGD("Loaded code section %d (%s)", i, name.c_str());
+        ALOGV("Loaded code section %d (%s)", i, name.c_str());
 
         vector<string> csSymNames;
         ret = getSectionSymNames(elfFile, oldName, csSymNames, STT_FUNC);
@@ -532,13 +532,13 @@
             if (name == (".rel" + oldName)) {
                 ret = readSectionByIdx(elfFile, i + 1, cs_temp.rel_data);
                 if (ret) return ret;
-                ALOGD("Loaded relo section %d (%s)", i, name.c_str());
+                ALOGV("Loaded relo section %d (%s)", i, name.c_str());
             }
         }
 
         if (cs_temp.data.size() > 0) {
             cs.push_back(std::move(cs_temp));
-            ALOGD("Adding section %d to cs list", i);
+            ALOGV("Adding section %d to cs list", i);
         }
     }
     return 0;
@@ -769,7 +769,7 @@
               .max_entries = max_entries,
               .map_flags = md[i].map_flags,
             };
-            if (isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 14, 0))
+            if (isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 15, 0))
                 strlcpy(req.map_name, mapNames[i].c_str(), sizeof(req.map_name));
             fd.reset(bpf(BPF_MAP_CREATE, req));
             saved_errno = errno;
@@ -869,7 +869,7 @@
 
     // Occasionally might be useful for relocation debugging, but pretty spammy
     if (0) {
-        ALOGD("applying relo to instruction at byte offset: %llu, "
+        ALOGV("applying relo to instruction at byte offset: %llu, "
               "insn offset %d, insn %llx",
               (unsigned long long)offset, insnIndex, *(unsigned long long*)insn);
     }
@@ -1012,7 +1012,7 @@
               .log_size = static_cast<__u32>(log_buf.size()),
               .expected_attach_type = cs[i].expected_attach_type,
             };
-            if (isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 14, 0))
+            if (isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 15, 0))
                 strlcpy(req.prog_name, cs[i].name.c_str(), sizeof(req.prog_name));
             fd.reset(bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD, req));
 
@@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i < (int)mapFds.size(); i++)
-        ALOGD("map_fd found at %d is %d in %s", i, mapFds[i].get(), elfPath);
+        ALOGV("map_fd found at %d is %d in %s", i, mapFds[i].get(), elfPath);
 
     applyMapRelo(elfFile, mapFds, cs);
 
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/IpSecService.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/IpSecService.java
index ea91e64..54b9ced 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/IpSecService.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/IpSecService.java
@@ -1877,6 +1877,10 @@
         mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                 android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE, "IpsecService#getTransformState");
 
+        if (transformId == INVALID_RESOURCE_ID) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("This transform is already closed");
+        }
+
         UserRecord userRecord = mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Binder.getCallingUid());
         TransformRecord transformInfo =
                 userRecord.mTransformRecords.getResourceOrThrow(transformId);
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/NsdService.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/NsdService.java
index 7c1ca30..0a8adf0 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/NsdService.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/NsdService.java
@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@
     private static final int NO_SENT_QUERY_COUNT = 0;
     private static final int DISCOVERY_QUERY_SENT_CALLBACK = 1000;
     private static final int MAX_SUBTYPE_COUNT = 100;
+    private static final int DNSSEC_PROTOCOL = 3;
     private static final SharedLog LOGGER = new SharedLog("serviceDiscovery");
 
     private final Context mContext;
@@ -1009,6 +1010,17 @@
                                 break;
                             }
 
+                            if (!checkPublicKey(serviceInfo.getPublicKey())) {
+                                Log.e(TAG,
+                                        "Invalid public key: "
+                                                + Arrays.toString(serviceInfo.getPublicKey()));
+                                clientInfo.onRegisterServiceFailedImmediately(
+                                        clientRequestId,
+                                        NsdManager.FAILURE_BAD_PARAMETERS,
+                                        false /* isLegacy */);
+                                break;
+                            }
+
                             Set<String> subtypes = new ArraySet<>(serviceInfo.getSubtypes());
                             if (typeSubtype != null && typeSubtype.second != null) {
                                 for (String subType : typeSubtype.second) {
@@ -1842,6 +1854,25 @@
         return Pattern.compile(HOSTNAME_REGEX).matcher(hostname).matches();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Checks if the public key is valid.
+     *
+     * <p>For simplicity, it only checks if the protocol is DNSSEC and the RDATA is not fewer than 4
+     * bytes. See RFC 3445 Section 3.
+     *
+     * <p>Message format: flags (2 bytes), protocol (1 byte), algorithm (1 byte), public key.
+     */
+    private static boolean checkPublicKey(@Nullable byte[] publicKey) {
+        if (publicKey == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (publicKey.length < 4) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        int protocol = publicKey[2];
+        return protocol == DNSSEC_PROTOCOL;
+    }
+
     /** Returns {@code true} if {@code subtype} is a valid DNS-SD subtype label. */
     private static boolean checkSubtypeLabel(String subtype) {
         return Pattern.compile("^" + SUBTYPE_LABEL_REGEX + "$").matcher(subtype).matches();
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsAdvertiser.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsAdvertiser.java
index 98c2d86..42efcac 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsAdvertiser.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsAdvertiser.java
@@ -448,10 +448,11 @@
         /**
          * Get the ID of a conflicting registration due to host, or -1 if none.
          *
-         * <p>It's valid that multiple registrations from the same user are using the same hostname.
-         *
          * <p>If there's already another registration with the same hostname requested by another
-         * user, this is considered a conflict.
+         * user, this is a conflict.
+         *
+         * <p>If there're two registrations both containing address records using the same hostname,
+         * this is a conflict.
          */
         int getConflictingRegistrationDueToHost(@NonNull NsdServiceInfo info, int clientUid) {
             if (TextUtils.isEmpty(info.getHostname())) {
@@ -460,10 +461,17 @@
             for (int i = 0; i < mPendingRegistrations.size(); i++) {
                 final Registration otherRegistration = mPendingRegistrations.valueAt(i);
                 final NsdServiceInfo otherInfo = otherRegistration.getServiceInfo();
+                final int otherServiceId = mPendingRegistrations.keyAt(i);
                 if (clientUid != otherRegistration.mClientUid
                         && MdnsUtils.equalsIgnoreDnsCase(
                                 info.getHostname(), otherInfo.getHostname())) {
-                    return mPendingRegistrations.keyAt(i);
+                    return otherServiceId;
+                }
+                if (!info.getHostAddresses().isEmpty()
+                        && !otherInfo.getHostAddresses().isEmpty()
+                        && MdnsUtils.equalsIgnoreDnsCase(
+                                info.getHostname(), otherInfo.getHostname())) {
+                    return otherServiceId;
                 }
             }
             return -1;
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsKeyRecord.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsKeyRecord.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba8a56e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsKeyRecord.java
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
+
+import static com.android.net.module.util.HexDump.toHexString;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+
+import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/** An mDNS "KEY" record, which contains a public key for a name. See RFC 2535. */
+@VisibleForTesting(otherwise = VisibleForTesting.PACKAGE_PRIVATE)
+public class MdnsKeyRecord extends MdnsRecord {
+    @Nullable private byte[] rData;
+
+    public MdnsKeyRecord(@NonNull String[] name, @NonNull MdnsPacketReader reader)
+            throws IOException {
+        this(name, reader, false);
+    }
+
+    public MdnsKeyRecord(@NonNull String[] name, @NonNull MdnsPacketReader reader,
+            boolean isQuestion) throws IOException {
+        super(name, TYPE_KEY, reader, isQuestion);
+    }
+
+    public MdnsKeyRecord(@NonNull String[] name, boolean isUnicast) {
+        super(name, TYPE_KEY,
+                MdnsConstants.QCLASS_INTERNET | (isUnicast ? MdnsConstants.QCLASS_UNICAST : 0),
+                0L /* receiptTimeMillis */, false /* cacheFlush */, 0L /* ttlMillis */);
+    }
+
+    public MdnsKeyRecord(@NonNull String[] name, long receiptTimeMillis, boolean cacheFlush,
+            long ttlMillis, @Nullable byte[] rData) {
+        super(name, TYPE_KEY, MdnsConstants.QCLASS_INTERNET, receiptTimeMillis, cacheFlush,
+                ttlMillis);
+        if (rData != null) {
+            this.rData = Arrays.copyOf(rData, rData.length);
+        }
+    }
+    /** Returns the KEY RDATA in bytes **/
+    public byte[] getRData() {
+        if (rData == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return Arrays.copyOf(rData, rData.length);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void readData(MdnsPacketReader reader) throws IOException {
+        rData = new byte[reader.getRemaining()];
+        reader.readBytes(rData);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void writeData(MdnsPacketWriter writer) throws IOException {
+        if (rData != null) {
+            writer.writeBytes(rData);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "KEY: " + toHexString(rData);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return (super.hashCode() * 31) + Arrays.hashCode(rData);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable Object other) {
+        if (this == other) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (!(other instanceof MdnsKeyRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return super.equals(other) && Arrays.equals(rData, ((MdnsKeyRecord) other).rData);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacket.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacket.java
index 83ecabc..aef8211 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacket.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsPacket.java
@@ -196,6 +196,15 @@
                 }
             }
 
+            case MdnsRecord.TYPE_KEY: {
+                try {
+                    return new MdnsKeyRecord(name, reader, isQuestion);
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    throw new ParseException(MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_READING_KEY_RDATA,
+                            "Failed to read KEY record from mDNS response.", e);
+                }
+            }
+
             case MdnsRecord.TYPE_NSEC: {
                 try {
                     return new MdnsNsecRecord(name, reader, isQuestion);
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecord.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecord.java
index 1f9f42b..b865319 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecord.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecord.java
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
     public static final int TYPE_PTR = 0x000C;
     public static final int TYPE_SRV = 0x0021;
     public static final int TYPE_TXT = 0x0010;
+    public static final int TYPE_KEY = 0x0019;
     public static final int TYPE_NSEC = 0x002f;
     public static final int TYPE_ANY = 0x00ff;
 
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordRepository.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordRepository.java
index 073e465..39e8bcc 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordRepository.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordRepository.java
@@ -97,6 +97,8 @@
     @NonNull
     private final Looper mLooper;
     @NonNull
+    private final Dependencies mDeps;
+    @NonNull
     private final String[] mDeviceHostname;
     @NonNull
     private final MdnsFeatureFlags mMdnsFeatureFlags;
@@ -111,6 +113,7 @@
             @NonNull String[] deviceHostname, @NonNull MdnsFeatureFlags mdnsFeatureFlags) {
         mDeviceHostname = deviceHostname;
         mLooper = looper;
+        mDeps = deps;
         mMdnsFeatureFlags = mdnsFeatureFlags;
     }
 
@@ -127,6 +130,10 @@
         public Enumeration<InetAddress> getInterfaceInetAddresses(@NonNull NetworkInterface iface) {
             return iface.getInetAddresses();
         }
+
+        public long elapsedRealTime() {
+            return SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        }
     }
 
     private static class RecordInfo<T extends MdnsRecord> {
@@ -140,17 +147,25 @@
         public final boolean isSharedName;
 
         /**
-         * Last time (as per SystemClock.elapsedRealtime) when advertised via multicast, 0 if never
+         * Last time (as per SystemClock.elapsedRealtime) when advertised via multicast on IPv4, 0
+         * if never
          */
-        public long lastAdvertisedTimeMs;
+        public long lastAdvertisedOnIpv4TimeMs;
 
         /**
-         * Last time (as per SystemClock.elapsedRealtime) when sent via unicast or multicast,
-         * 0 if never
+         * Last time (as per SystemClock.elapsedRealtime) when advertised via multicast on IPv6, 0
+         * if never
          */
-        // FIXME: the `lastSentTimeMs` and `lastAdvertisedTimeMs` should be maintained separately
-        // for IPv4 and IPv6, because neither IPv4 nor and IPv6 clients can receive replies in
-        // different address space.
+        public long lastAdvertisedOnIpv6TimeMs;
+
+        /**
+         * Last time (as per SystemClock.elapsedRealtime) when sent via unicast or multicast, 0 if
+         * never.
+         *
+         * <p>Different from lastAdvertisedOnIpv(4|6)TimeMs, lastSentTimeMs is mainly used for
+         * tracking is a record is ever sent out, no matter unicast/multicast or IPv4/IPv6. It's
+         * unnecessary to maintain two versions (IPv4/IPv6) for it.
+         */
         public long lastSentTimeMs;
 
         RecordInfo(NsdServiceInfo serviceInfo, T record, boolean sharedName) {
@@ -169,6 +184,10 @@
         public final RecordInfo<MdnsServiceRecord> srvRecord;
         @Nullable
         public final RecordInfo<MdnsTextRecord> txtRecord;
+        @Nullable
+        public final RecordInfo<MdnsKeyRecord> serviceKeyRecord;
+        @Nullable
+        public final RecordInfo<MdnsKeyRecord> hostKeyRecord;
         @NonNull
         public final List<RecordInfo<MdnsInetAddressRecord>> addressRecords;
         @NonNull
@@ -230,7 +249,6 @@
                 nameRecordsTtlMillis = DEFAULT_NAME_RECORDS_TTL_MILLIS;
             }
 
-            final boolean hasService = !TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getServiceType());
             final boolean hasCustomHost = !TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getHostname());
             final String[] hostname =
                     hasCustomHost
@@ -238,9 +256,11 @@
                             : deviceHostname;
             final ArrayList<RecordInfo<?>> allRecords = new ArrayList<>(5);
 
-            if (hasService) {
-                final String[] serviceType = splitServiceType(serviceInfo);
-                final String[] serviceName = splitFullyQualifiedName(serviceInfo, serviceType);
+            final boolean hasService = !TextUtils.isEmpty(serviceInfo.getServiceType());
+            final String[] serviceType = hasService ? splitServiceType(serviceInfo) : null;
+            final String[] serviceName =
+                    hasService ? splitFullyQualifiedName(serviceInfo, serviceType) : null;
+            if (hasService && hasSrvRecord(serviceInfo)) {
                 // Service PTR records
                 ptrRecords = new ArrayList<>(serviceInfo.getSubtypes().size() + 1);
                 ptrRecords.add(new RecordInfo<>(
@@ -321,6 +341,36 @@
                 addressRecords = Collections.emptyList();
             }
 
+            final boolean hasKey = hasKeyRecord(serviceInfo);
+            if (hasKey && hasService) {
+                this.serviceKeyRecord = new RecordInfo<>(
+                        serviceInfo,
+                        new MdnsKeyRecord(
+                                serviceName,
+                                0L /*receiptTimeMillis */,
+                                true /* cacheFlush */,
+                                nameRecordsTtlMillis,
+                                serviceInfo.getPublicKey()),
+                        false /* sharedName */);
+                allRecords.add(this.serviceKeyRecord);
+            } else {
+                this.serviceKeyRecord = null;
+            }
+            if (hasKey && hasCustomHost) {
+                this.hostKeyRecord = new RecordInfo<>(
+                        serviceInfo,
+                        new MdnsKeyRecord(
+                                hostname,
+                                0L /*receiptTimeMillis */,
+                                true /* cacheFlush */,
+                                nameRecordsTtlMillis,
+                                serviceInfo.getPublicKey()),
+                        false /* sharedName */);
+                allRecords.add(this.hostKeyRecord);
+            } else {
+                this.hostKeyRecord = null;
+            }
+
             this.allRecords = Collections.unmodifiableList(allRecords);
             this.repliedServiceCount = repliedServiceCount;
             this.sentPacketCount = sentPacketCount;
@@ -471,6 +521,22 @@
                             ? inetAddressRecord.getInet6Address()
                             : inetAddressRecord.getInet4Address()));
         }
+
+        List<MdnsKeyRecord> keyRecords = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (registration.serviceKeyRecord != null) {
+            keyRecords.add(registration.serviceKeyRecord.record);
+        }
+        if (registration.hostKeyRecord != null) {
+            keyRecords.add(registration.hostKeyRecord.record);
+        }
+        for (MdnsKeyRecord keyRecord : keyRecords) {
+            probingRecords.add(new MdnsKeyRecord(
+                            keyRecord.getName(),
+                            0L /* receiptTimeMillis */,
+                            false /* cacheFlush */,
+                            keyRecord.getTtl(),
+                            keyRecord.getRData()));
+        }
         return new MdnsProber.ProbingInfo(serviceId, probingRecords);
     }
 
@@ -577,7 +643,8 @@
      */
     @Nullable
     public MdnsReplyInfo getReply(MdnsPacket packet, InetSocketAddress src) {
-        final long now = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        final long now = mDeps.elapsedRealTime();
+        final boolean isQuestionOnIpv4 = src.getAddress() instanceof Inet4Address;
 
         // TODO: b/322142420 - Set<RecordInfo<?>> may contain duplicate records wrapped in different
         // RecordInfo<?>s when custom host is enabled.
@@ -595,7 +662,7 @@
                     null /* serviceSrvRecord */, null /* serviceTxtRecord */,
                     null /* hostname */,
                     replyUnicastEnabled, now, answerInfo, additionalAnswerInfo,
-                    Collections.emptyList())) {
+                    Collections.emptyList(), isQuestionOnIpv4)) {
                 replyUnicast &= question.isUnicastReplyRequested();
             }
 
@@ -607,7 +674,7 @@
                         registration.srvRecord, registration.txtRecord,
                         registration.serviceInfo.getHostname(),
                         replyUnicastEnabled, now,
-                        answerInfo, additionalAnswerInfo, packet.answers)) {
+                        answerInfo, additionalAnswerInfo, packet.answers, isQuestionOnIpv4)) {
                     replyUnicast &= question.isUnicastReplyRequested();
                     registration.repliedServiceCount++;
                     registration.sentPacketCount++;
@@ -685,7 +752,7 @@
             // multicast responses. Unicast replies are faster as they do not need to wait for the
             // beacon interval on Wi-Fi.
             dest = src;
-        } else if (src.getAddress() instanceof Inet4Address) {
+        } else if (isQuestionOnIpv4) {
             dest = IPV4_SOCKET_ADDR;
         } else {
             dest = IPV6_SOCKET_ADDR;
@@ -697,7 +764,11 @@
             // TODO: consider actual packet send delay after response aggregation
             info.lastSentTimeMs = now + delayMs;
             if (!replyUnicast) {
-                info.lastAdvertisedTimeMs = info.lastSentTimeMs;
+                if (isQuestionOnIpv4) {
+                    info.lastAdvertisedOnIpv4TimeMs = info.lastSentTimeMs;
+                } else {
+                    info.lastAdvertisedOnIpv6TimeMs = info.lastSentTimeMs;
+                }
             }
             // Different RecordInfos may the contain the same record
             if (!answerRecords.contains(info.record)) {
@@ -729,7 +800,8 @@
             @Nullable String hostname,
             boolean replyUnicastEnabled, long now, @NonNull Set<RecordInfo<?>> answerInfo,
             @NonNull Set<RecordInfo<?>> additionalAnswerInfo,
-            @NonNull List<MdnsRecord> knownAnswerRecords) {
+            @NonNull List<MdnsRecord> knownAnswerRecords,
+            boolean isQuestionOnIpv4) {
         boolean hasDnsSdPtrRecordAnswer = false;
         boolean hasDnsSdSrvRecordAnswer = false;
         boolean hasFullyOwnedNameMatch = false;
@@ -778,10 +850,20 @@
 
             // TODO: responses to probe queries should bypass this check and only ensure the
             // reply is sent 250ms after the last sent time (RFC 6762 p.15)
-            if (!(replyUnicastEnabled && question.isUnicastReplyRequested())
-                    && info.lastAdvertisedTimeMs > 0L
-                    && now - info.lastAdvertisedTimeMs < MIN_MULTICAST_REPLY_INTERVAL_MS) {
-                continue;
+            if (!(replyUnicastEnabled && question.isUnicastReplyRequested())) {
+                if (isQuestionOnIpv4) { // IPv4
+                    if (info.lastAdvertisedOnIpv4TimeMs > 0L
+                            && now - info.lastAdvertisedOnIpv4TimeMs
+                                    < MIN_MULTICAST_REPLY_INTERVAL_MS) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                } else { // IPv6
+                    if (info.lastAdvertisedOnIpv6TimeMs > 0L
+                            && now - info.lastAdvertisedOnIpv6TimeMs
+                                    < MIN_MULTICAST_REPLY_INTERVAL_MS) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                }
             }
 
             answerInfo.add(info);
@@ -1070,18 +1152,15 @@
                 Collections.emptyList() /* additionalRecords */);
     }
 
-    /** Check if the record is in any service registration */
-    private boolean hasInetAddressRecord(@NonNull MdnsInetAddressRecord record) {
-        for (int i = 0; i < mServices.size(); i++) {
-            final ServiceRegistration registration = mServices.valueAt(i);
-            if (registration.exiting) continue;
-
-            for (RecordInfo<MdnsInetAddressRecord> localRecord : registration.addressRecords) {
-                if (Objects.equals(localRecord.record, record)) {
-                    return true;
-                }
+    /** Check if the record is in a registration */
+    private static boolean hasInetAddressRecord(
+            @NonNull ServiceRegistration registration, @NonNull MdnsInetAddressRecord record) {
+        for (RecordInfo<MdnsInetAddressRecord> localRecord : registration.addressRecords) {
+            if (Objects.equals(localRecord.record, record)) {
+                return true;
             }
         }
+
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -1124,36 +1203,33 @@
         return conflicting;
     }
 
-
     private static boolean conflictForService(
             @NonNull MdnsRecord record, @NonNull ServiceRegistration registration) {
-        if (registration.srvRecord == null) {
+        String[] fullServiceName;
+        if (registration.srvRecord != null) {
+            fullServiceName = registration.srvRecord.record.getName();
+        } else if (registration.serviceKeyRecord != null) {
+            fullServiceName = registration.serviceKeyRecord.record.getName();
+        } else {
             return false;
         }
 
-        final RecordInfo<MdnsServiceRecord> srvRecord = registration.srvRecord;
-        if (!MdnsUtils.equalsDnsLabelIgnoreDnsCase(record.getName(), srvRecord.record.getName())) {
+        if (!MdnsUtils.equalsDnsLabelIgnoreDnsCase(record.getName(), fullServiceName)) {
             return false;
         }
 
         // As per RFC6762 9., it's fine if the "conflict" is an identical record with same
         // data.
-        if (record instanceof MdnsServiceRecord) {
-            final MdnsServiceRecord local = srvRecord.record;
-            final MdnsServiceRecord other = (MdnsServiceRecord) record;
-            // Note "equals" does not consider TTL or receipt time, as intended here
-            if (Objects.equals(local, other)) {
-                return false;
-            }
+        if (record instanceof MdnsServiceRecord && equals(record, registration.srvRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (record instanceof MdnsTextRecord && equals(record, registration.txtRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (record instanceof MdnsKeyRecord && equals(record, registration.serviceKeyRecord)) {
+            return false;
         }
 
-        if (record instanceof MdnsTextRecord) {
-            final MdnsTextRecord local = registration.txtRecord.record;
-            final MdnsTextRecord other = (MdnsTextRecord) record;
-            if (Objects.equals(local, other)) {
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -1165,6 +1241,11 @@
             return false;
         }
 
+        // It cannot be a hostname conflict because not record is registered with the hostname.
+        if (registration.addressRecords.isEmpty() && registration.hostKeyRecord == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
         // The record's name cannot be registered by NsdManager so it's not a conflict.
         if (record.getName().length != 2 || !record.getName()[1].equals(LOCAL_TLD)) {
             return false;
@@ -1176,13 +1257,26 @@
             return false;
         }
 
-        // If this registration has any address record and there's no identical record in the
-        // repository, it's a conflict. There will be no conflict if no registration has addresses
-        // for that hostname.
-        if (record instanceof MdnsInetAddressRecord) {
-            if (!registration.addressRecords.isEmpty()) {
-                return !hasInetAddressRecord((MdnsInetAddressRecord) record);
-            }
+        // As per RFC6762 9., it's fine if the "conflict" is an identical record with same
+        // data.
+        if (record instanceof MdnsInetAddressRecord
+                && hasInetAddressRecord(registration, (MdnsInetAddressRecord) record)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (record instanceof MdnsKeyRecord && equals(record, registration.hostKeyRecord)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Per RFC 6762 8.1, when a record is being probed, any answer containing a record with that
+        // name, of any type, MUST be considered a conflicting response.
+        if (registration.isProbing) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (record instanceof MdnsInetAddressRecord && !registration.addressRecords.isEmpty()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (record instanceof MdnsKeyRecord && registration.hostKeyRecord != null) {
+            return true;
         }
 
         return false;
@@ -1302,10 +1396,11 @@
         final ServiceRegistration registration = mServices.get(serviceId);
         if (registration == null) return;
 
-        final long now = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
+        final long now = mDeps.elapsedRealTime();
         for (RecordInfo<?> record : registration.allRecords) {
             record.lastSentTimeMs = now;
-            record.lastAdvertisedTimeMs = now;
+            record.lastAdvertisedOnIpv4TimeMs = now;
+            record.lastAdvertisedOnIpv6TimeMs = now;
         }
         registration.sentPacketCount += sentPacketCount;
     }
@@ -1370,4 +1465,21 @@
 
         return type;
     }
+
+    /** Returns whether there will be an SRV record when registering the {@code info}. */
+    private static boolean hasSrvRecord(@NonNull NsdServiceInfo info) {
+        return info.getPort() > 0;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns whether there will be KEY record(s) when registering the {@code info}. */
+    private static boolean hasKeyRecord(@NonNull NsdServiceInfo info) {
+        return info.getPublicKey() != null;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean equals(@NonNull MdnsRecord record, @Nullable RecordInfo<?> recordInfo) {
+        if (recordInfo == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return Objects.equals(record, recordInfo.record);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseErrorCode.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseErrorCode.java
index 73a7e3a..f509da2 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseErrorCode.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseErrorCode.java
@@ -37,4 +37,5 @@
     public static final int ERROR_END_OF_FILE = 12;
     public static final int ERROR_READING_NSEC_RDATA = 13;
     public static final int ERROR_READING_ANY_RDATA = 14;
+    public static final int ERROR_READING_KEY_RDATA = 15;
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java b/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java
index fc6d8c4..04d8ea4 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/BpfNetMaps.java
@@ -23,11 +23,9 @@
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.DATA_SAVER_ENABLED;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.DATA_SAVER_ENABLED_KEY;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.DATA_SAVER_ENABLED_MAP_PATH;
-import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.HAPPY_BOX_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.IIF_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.INGRESS_DISCARD_MAP_PATH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.LOCKDOWN_VPN_MATCH;
-import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.PENALTY_BOX_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.UID_OWNER_MAP_PATH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.UID_PERMISSION_MAP_PATH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY;
@@ -446,62 +444,6 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Add naughty app bandwidth rule for specific app
-     *
-     * @param uid uid of target app
-     * @throws ServiceSpecificException in case of failure, with an error code indicating the
-     *                                  cause of the failure.
-     */
-    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
-    public void addNaughtyApp(final int uid) {
-        throwIfPreT("addNaughtyApp is not available on pre-T devices");
-
-        addRule(uid, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH, "addNaughtyApp");
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Remove naughty app bandwidth rule for specific app
-     *
-     * @param uid uid of target app
-     * @throws ServiceSpecificException in case of failure, with an error code indicating the
-     *                                  cause of the failure.
-     */
-    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
-    public void removeNaughtyApp(final int uid) {
-        throwIfPreT("removeNaughtyApp is not available on pre-T devices");
-
-        removeRule(uid, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH, "removeNaughtyApp");
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Add nice app bandwidth rule for specific app
-     *
-     * @param uid uid of target app
-     * @throws ServiceSpecificException in case of failure, with an error code indicating the
-     *                                  cause of the failure.
-     */
-    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
-    public void addNiceApp(final int uid) {
-        throwIfPreT("addNiceApp is not available on pre-T devices");
-
-        addRule(uid, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, "addNiceApp");
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Remove nice app bandwidth rule for specific app
-     *
-     * @param uid uid of target app
-     * @throws ServiceSpecificException in case of failure, with an error code indicating the
-     *                                  cause of the failure.
-     */
-    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
-    public void removeNiceApp(final int uid) {
-        throwIfPreT("removeNiceApp is not available on pre-T devices");
-
-        removeRule(uid, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, "removeNiceApp");
-    }
-
-    /**
      * Set target firewall child chain
      *
      * @param childChain target chain to enable
@@ -637,6 +579,7 @@
         return BpfNetMapsUtils.getUidRule(sUidOwnerMap, childChain, uid);
     }
 
+    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
     private Set<Integer> getUidsMatchEnabled(final int childChain) throws ErrnoException {
         final long match = getMatchByFirewallChain(childChain);
         Set<Integer> uids = new ArraySet<>();
@@ -665,6 +608,7 @@
      * @param childChain target chain
      * @return Set of uids
      */
+    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
     public Set<Integer> getUidsWithAllowRuleOnAllowListChain(final int childChain)
             throws ErrnoException {
         if (!isFirewallAllowList(childChain)) {
@@ -686,6 +630,7 @@
      * @param childChain target chain
      * @return Set of uids
      */
+    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
     public Set<Integer> getUidsWithDenyRuleOnDenyListChain(final int childChain)
             throws ErrnoException {
         if (isFirewallAllowList(childChain)) {
@@ -980,6 +925,7 @@
         return sj.toString();
     }
 
+    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
     private void dumpOwnerMatchConfig(final IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
         try {
             final long match = sConfigurationMap.getValue(UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY).val;
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index a15a2bf..b99d0de 100755
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI_DIRECT;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.METERED_ALLOW_CHAINS;
+import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.METERED_DENY_CHAINS;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityDiagnosticsManager.ConnectivityReport.KEY_NETWORK_PROBES_ATTEMPTED_BITMASK;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityDiagnosticsManager.ConnectivityReport.KEY_NETWORK_PROBES_SUCCEEDED_BITMASK;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityDiagnosticsManager.ConnectivityReport.KEY_NETWORK_VALIDATION_RESULT;
@@ -12733,8 +12735,8 @@
         if (um.isManagedProfile(profile.getIdentifier())) {
             return true;
         }
-        if (mDeps.isAtLeastT() && dpm.getDeviceOwner() != null) return true;
-        return false;
+
+        return mDeps.isAtLeastT() && dpm.getDeviceOwnerComponentOnAnyUser() != null;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -13474,36 +13476,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public void updateMeteredNetworkAllowList(final int uid, final boolean add) {
-        enforceNetworkStackOrSettingsPermission();
-
-        try {
-            if (add) {
-                mBpfNetMaps.addNiceApp(uid);
-            } else {
-                mBpfNetMaps.removeNiceApp(uid);
-            }
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void updateMeteredNetworkDenyList(final int uid, final boolean add) {
-        enforceNetworkStackOrSettingsPermission();
-
-        try {
-            if (add) {
-                mBpfNetMaps.addNaughtyApp(uid);
-            } else {
-                mBpfNetMaps.removeNaughtyApp(uid);
-            }
-        } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
-        }
-    }
-
     private int setPackageFirewallRule(final int chain, final String packageName, final int rule)
             throws PackageManager.NameNotFoundException {
         final PackageManager pm = mContext.getPackageManager();
@@ -13563,6 +13535,8 @@
             case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1:
             case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2:
             case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3:
+            case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER:
+            case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN:
                 defaultRule = FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW;
                 break;
             case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE:
@@ -13570,6 +13544,7 @@
             case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_RESTRICTED:
             case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY:
             case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND:
+            case ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW:
                 defaultRule = FIREWALL_RULE_DENY;
                 break;
             default:
@@ -13580,6 +13555,7 @@
         return rule;
     }
 
+    @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
     private void closeSocketsForFirewallChainLocked(final int chain)
             throws ErrnoException, SocketException, InterruptedIOException {
         if (BpfNetMapsUtils.isFirewallAllowList(chain)) {
@@ -13606,6 +13582,12 @@
                     + " the feature is disabled.");
             return;
         }
+        if (METERED_ALLOW_CHAINS.contains(chain) || METERED_DENY_CHAINS.contains(chain)) {
+            // Metered chains are used from a separate bpf program that is triggered by iptables
+            // and can not be controlled by setFirewallChainEnabled.
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
+                    "Chain (" + chain + ") can not be controlled by setFirewallChainEnabled");
+        }
 
         try {
             mBpfNetMaps.setChildChain(chain, enable);
@@ -13626,6 +13608,13 @@
     public boolean getFirewallChainEnabled(final int chain) {
         enforceNetworkStackOrSettingsPermission();
 
+        if (METERED_ALLOW_CHAINS.contains(chain) || METERED_DENY_CHAINS.contains(chain)) {
+            // Metered chains are used from a separate bpf program that is triggered by iptables
+            // and can not be controlled by setFirewallChainEnabled.
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
+                    "getFirewallChainEnabled can not return status of chain (" + chain + ")");
+        }
+
         return mBpfNetMaps.isChainEnabled(chain);
     }
 
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyTracker.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyTracker.java
index 15d6adb..9c2b9e8 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyTracker.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/DscpPolicyTracker.java
@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@
         return "/sys/fs/bpf/net_shared/map_" + which + "_map";
     }
 
+    private final boolean mHaveProgram = TcUtils.isBpfProgramUsable(PROG_PATH);
+
     private Set<String> mAttachedIfaces;
 
     private final BpfMap<Struct.S32, DscpPolicyValue> mBpfDscpIpv4Policies;
@@ -325,6 +327,7 @@
      * Attach BPF program
      */
     private boolean attachProgram(@NonNull String iface) {
+        if (!mHaveProgram) return false;
         try {
             NetworkInterface netIface = NetworkInterface.getByName(iface);
             TcUtils.tcFilterAddDevBpf(netIface.getIndex(), false, PRIO_DSCP, (short) ETH_P_ALL,
diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorService.java b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorService.java
index 4d5001b..ac479b8 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorService.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorService.java
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_NONBLOCK;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_RAW;
 
+import static com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils.getIndexForValue;
+
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.net.MulticastRoutingConfig;
@@ -150,7 +152,7 @@
     }
 
     private Integer getInterfaceIndex(String ifName) {
-        int mapIndex = mInterfaces.indexOfValue(ifName);
+        int mapIndex = getIndexForValue(mInterfaces, ifName);
         if (mapIndex < 0) return null;
         return mInterfaces.keyAt(mapIndex);
     }
@@ -246,7 +248,7 @@
         if (virtualIndex == null) return;
 
         updateMfcs();
-        mInterfaces.removeAt(mInterfaces.indexOfValue(ifName));
+        mInterfaces.removeAt(getIndexForValue(mInterfaces, ifName));
         mVirtualInterfaces.remove(virtualIndex);
         try {
             mDependencies.setsockoptMrt6DelMif(mMulticastRoutingFd, virtualIndex);
@@ -270,7 +272,7 @@
 
     @VisibleForTesting
     public Integer getVirtualInterfaceIndex(String ifName) {
-        int mapIndex = mVirtualInterfaces.indexOfValue(ifName);
+        int mapIndex = getIndexForValue(mVirtualInterfaces, ifName);
         if (mapIndex < 0) return null;
         return mVirtualInterfaces.keyAt(mapIndex);
     }
@@ -291,7 +293,7 @@
 
     private void maybeAddAndTrackInterface(String ifName) {
         checkOnHandlerThread();
-        if (mVirtualInterfaces.indexOfValue(ifName) >= 0) return;
+        if (getIndexForValue(mVirtualInterfaces, ifName) >= 0) return;
 
         int nextVirtualIndex = getNextAvailableVirtualIndex();
         int ifIndex = mDependencies.getInterfaceIndex(ifName);
diff --git a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/TcUtils.java b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/TcUtils.java
index 9d2fb7f..a6b222f 100644
--- a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/TcUtils.java
+++ b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/TcUtils.java
@@ -101,4 +101,12 @@
      * @throws IOException
      */
     public static native void tcQdiscAddDevClsact(int ifIndex) throws IOException;
+
+    /**
+     * Attempt to fetch a bpf program from a path.
+     * Return true on success, false on non-existence or any other failure.
+     *
+     * @param bpfProgPath
+     */
+    public static native boolean isBpfProgramUsable(String bpfProgPath);
 }
diff --git a/staticlibs/framework/com/android/net/module/util/CollectionUtils.java b/staticlibs/framework/com/android/net/module/util/CollectionUtils.java
index 39e7ce9..f3d8c4a 100644
--- a/staticlibs/framework/com/android/net/module/util/CollectionUtils.java
+++ b/staticlibs/framework/com/android/net/module/util/CollectionUtils.java
@@ -389,4 +389,28 @@
         }
         return dest;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an index of the given SparseArray that contains the given value, or -1
+     * number if no keys map to the given value.
+     *
+     * <p>Note this is a linear search, and if multiple keys can map to the same value
+     * then the smallest index is returned.
+     *
+     * <p>This function compares values with {@code equals} while the
+     * {@link SparseArray#indexOfValue} compares values using {@code ==}.
+     */
+    public static <T> int getIndexForValue(SparseArray<T> sparseArray, T value) {
+        for(int i = 0, nsize = sparseArray.size(); i < nsize; i++) {
+            T valueAt = sparseArray.valueAt(i);
+            if (valueAt == null) {
+                if (value == null) {
+                    return i;
+                };
+            } else if (valueAt.equals(value)) {
+                return i;
+            }
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/staticlibs/framework/com/android/net/module/util/NetworkStackConstants.java b/staticlibs/framework/com/android/net/module/util/NetworkStackConstants.java
index 7c4abe0..19d8bbe 100644
--- a/staticlibs/framework/com/android/net/module/util/NetworkStackConstants.java
+++ b/staticlibs/framework/com/android/net/module/util/NetworkStackConstants.java
@@ -179,6 +179,7 @@
     public static final int ICMPV6_RA_HEADER_LEN = 16;
     public static final int ICMPV6_NS_HEADER_LEN = 24;
     public static final int ICMPV6_NA_HEADER_LEN = 24;
+    public static final int ICMPV6_ND_OPTION_TLLA_LEN = 8;
 
     public static final int NEIGHBOR_ADVERTISEMENT_FLAG_ROUTER    = 1 << 31;
     public static final int NEIGHBOR_ADVERTISEMENT_FLAG_SOLICITED = 1 << 30;
diff --git a/staticlibs/native/bpf_headers/include/bpf/KernelUtils.h b/staticlibs/native/bpf_headers/include/bpf/KernelUtils.h
index 59257b8..417a5c4 100644
--- a/staticlibs/native/bpf_headers/include/bpf/KernelUtils.h
+++ b/staticlibs/native/bpf_headers/include/bpf/KernelUtils.h
@@ -42,10 +42,26 @@
     return kver;
 }
 
-static inline __unused bool isAtLeastKernelVersion(unsigned major, unsigned minor, unsigned sub) {
+static inline bool isAtLeastKernelVersion(unsigned major, unsigned minor, unsigned sub) {
     return kernelVersion() >= KVER(major, minor, sub);
 }
 
+static inline bool isKernelVersion(unsigned major, unsigned minor) {
+    return isAtLeastKernelVersion(major, minor, 0) && !isAtLeastKernelVersion(major, minor + 1, 0);
+}
+
+static inline bool __unused isLtsKernel() {
+    return isKernelVersion(4,  4) ||  // minimum for Android R
+           isKernelVersion(4,  9) ||  // minimum for Android S & T
+           isKernelVersion(4, 14) ||  // minimum for Android U
+           isKernelVersion(4, 19) ||  // minimum for Android V
+           isKernelVersion(5,  4) ||  // first supported in Android R
+           isKernelVersion(5, 10) ||  // first supported in Android S
+           isKernelVersion(5, 15) ||  // first supported in Android T
+           isKernelVersion(6,  1) ||  // first supported in Android U
+           isKernelVersion(6,  6);    // first supported in Android V
+}
+
 // Figure out the bitness of userspace.
 // Trivial and known at compile time.
 static constexpr bool isUserspace32bit() {
diff --git a/staticlibs/native/bpf_syscall_wrappers/include/BpfSyscallWrappers.h b/staticlibs/native/bpf_syscall_wrappers/include/BpfSyscallWrappers.h
index 9995cb9..cb02de8 100644
--- a/staticlibs/native/bpf_syscall_wrappers/include/BpfSyscallWrappers.h
+++ b/staticlibs/native/bpf_syscall_wrappers/include/BpfSyscallWrappers.h
@@ -148,6 +148,13 @@
     return bpfFdGet(pathname, BPF_F_RDONLY);
 }
 
+inline bool usableProgram(const char* pathname) {
+    int fd = retrieveProgram(pathname);
+    bool ok = (fd >= 0);
+    if (ok) close(fd);
+    return ok;
+}
+
 inline int attachProgram(bpf_attach_type type, const BPF_FD_TYPE prog_fd,
                          const BPF_FD_TYPE cg_fd, uint32_t flags = 0) {
     return bpf(BPF_PROG_ATTACH, {
diff --git a/staticlibs/native/bpfmapjni/com_android_net_module_util_TcUtils.cpp b/staticlibs/native/bpfmapjni/com_android_net_module_util_TcUtils.cpp
index ab83da6..2a587b6 100644
--- a/staticlibs/native/bpfmapjni/com_android_net_module_util_TcUtils.cpp
+++ b/staticlibs/native/bpfmapjni/com_android_net_module_util_TcUtils.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@
 #include <nativehelper/scoped_utf_chars.h>
 #include <tcutils/tcutils.h>
 
+#define BPF_FD_JUST_USE_INT
+#include "BpfSyscallWrappers.h"
+
 namespace android {
 
 static void throwIOException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg, int error) {
@@ -96,6 +99,14 @@
   }
 }
 
+static jboolean com_android_net_module_util_TcUtils_isBpfProgramUsable(JNIEnv *env,
+                                                                       jclass clazz,
+                                                                       jstring bpfProgPath) {
+    ScopedUtfChars pathname(env, bpfProgPath);
+    return bpf::usableProgram(pathname.c_str());
+}
+
+
 /*
  * JNI registration.
  */
@@ -111,6 +122,8 @@
      (void *)com_android_net_module_util_TcUtils_tcFilterDelDev},
     {"tcQdiscAddDevClsact", "(I)V",
      (void *)com_android_net_module_util_TcUtils_tcQdiscAddDevClsact},
+    {"isBpfProgramUsable", "(Ljava/lang/String;)Z",
+     (void *)com_android_net_module_util_TcUtils_isBpfProgramUsable},
 };
 
 int register_com_android_net_module_util_TcUtils(JNIEnv *env,
diff --git a/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/CollectionUtilsTest.kt b/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/CollectionUtilsTest.kt
index e23f999..4ed3afd 100644
--- a/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/CollectionUtilsTest.kt
+++ b/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/CollectionUtilsTest.kt
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.android.net.module.util
 
+import android.util.SparseArray
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4
 import com.android.testutils.assertThrows
@@ -179,4 +180,20 @@
             CollectionUtils.assoc(listOf(1, 2), list15)
         }
     }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetIndexForValue() {
+        val sparseArray = SparseArray<String>();
+        sparseArray.put(5, "hello");
+        sparseArray.put(10, "abcd");
+        sparseArray.put(20, null);
+
+        val value1 = "abcd";
+        val value1Copy = String(value1.toCharArray())
+        val value2 = null;
+
+        assertEquals(1, CollectionUtils.getIndexForValue(sparseArray, value1));
+        assertEquals(1, CollectionUtils.getIndexForValue(sparseArray, value1Copy));
+        assertEquals(2, CollectionUtils.getIndexForValue(sparseArray, value2));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/staticlibs/testutils/devicetests/com/android/testutils/TestableNetworkCallback.kt b/staticlibs/testutils/devicetests/com/android/testutils/TestableNetworkCallback.kt
index 05c0444..f76916a 100644
--- a/staticlibs/testutils/devicetests/com/android/testutils/TestableNetworkCallback.kt
+++ b/staticlibs/testutils/devicetests/com/android/testutils/TestableNetworkCallback.kt
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@
             override val network: Network,
             val reason: Int
         ) : CallbackEntry()
+
         // Convenience constants for expecting a type
         companion object {
             @JvmField
@@ -216,7 +217,11 @@
     ) : this(null, timeoutMs, noCallbackTimeoutMs, waiterFunc)
 
     fun createLinkedCopy() = TestableNetworkCallback(
-            this, defaultTimeoutMs, defaultNoCallbackTimeoutMs, waiterFunc)
+        this,
+        defaultTimeoutMs,
+        defaultNoCallbackTimeoutMs,
+        waiterFunc
+    )
 
     // The last available network, or null if any network was lost since the last call to
     // onAvailable. TODO : fix this by fixing the tests that rely on this behavior
@@ -402,8 +407,11 @@
         from: Int = mark,
         crossinline predicate: (T) -> Boolean = { true }
     ): T = history.poll(timeoutMs, from) { it is T && predicate(it) }.also {
-        assertNotNull(it, "Callback ${T::class} not received within ${timeoutMs}ms. " +
-                "Got ${history.backtrace()}")
+        assertNotNull(
+            it,
+            "Callback ${T::class} not received within ${timeoutMs}ms. " +
+                "Got ${history.backtrace()}"
+        )
     } as T
 
     @JvmOverloads
@@ -412,8 +420,11 @@
         timeoutMs: Long = defaultTimeoutMs,
         predicate: (cb: T) -> Boolean = { true }
     ) = history.poll(timeoutMs) { type.java.isInstance(it) && predicate(it as T) }.also {
-        assertNotNull(it, "Callback ${type.java} not received within ${timeoutMs}ms. " +
-                "Got ${history.backtrace()}")
+        assertNotNull(
+            it,
+            "Callback ${type.java} not received within ${timeoutMs}ms. " +
+                "Got ${history.backtrace()}"
+        )
     } as T
 
     fun <T : CallbackEntry> eventuallyExpect(
@@ -422,8 +433,11 @@
         from: Int = mark,
         predicate: (cb: T) -> Boolean = { true }
     ) = history.poll(timeoutMs, from) { type.java.isInstance(it) && predicate(it as T) }.also {
-        assertNotNull(it, "Callback ${type.java} not received within ${timeoutMs}ms. " +
-                "Got ${history.backtrace()}")
+        assertNotNull(
+            it,
+            "Callback ${type.java} not received within ${timeoutMs}ms. " +
+                "Got ${history.backtrace()}"
+        )
     } as T
 
     // Expects onAvailable and the callbacks that follow it. These are:
@@ -534,8 +548,13 @@
         blockedReason: Int,
         tmt: Long = defaultTimeoutMs
     ) {
-        expectAvailableCallbacks(net, validated = false, suspended = false,
-                blockedReason = blockedReason, tmt = tmt)
+        expectAvailableCallbacks(
+            net,
+            validated = false,
+            suspended = false,
+            blockedReason = blockedReason,
+            tmt = tmt
+        )
         expectCaps(net, tmt) { it.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED) }
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/common/java/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfoTest.java b/tests/common/java/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfoTest.java
index 8e89037..21e34ab 100644
--- a/tests/common/java/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfoTest.java
+++ b/tests/common/java/android/net/nsd/NsdServiceInfoTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package android.net.nsd;
 
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
@@ -51,6 +52,23 @@
 
     private static final InetAddress IPV4_ADDRESS = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.1");
     private static final InetAddress IPV6_ADDRESS = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::");
+    private static final byte[] PUBLIC_KEY_RDATA = new byte[] {
+            (byte) 0x02, (byte)0x01,  // flag
+            (byte) 0x03, // protocol
+            (byte) 0x0d, // algorithm
+            // 64-byte public key below
+            (byte) 0xC1, (byte) 0x41, (byte) 0xD0, (byte) 0x63, (byte) 0x79, (byte) 0x60,
+            (byte) 0xB9, (byte) 0x8C, (byte) 0xBC, (byte) 0x12, (byte) 0xCF, (byte) 0xCA,
+            (byte) 0x22, (byte) 0x1D, (byte) 0x28, (byte) 0x79, (byte) 0xDA, (byte) 0xC2,
+            (byte) 0x6E, (byte) 0xE5, (byte) 0xB4, (byte) 0x60, (byte) 0xE9, (byte) 0x00,
+            (byte) 0x7C, (byte) 0x99, (byte) 0x2E, (byte) 0x19, (byte) 0x02, (byte) 0xD8,
+            (byte) 0x97, (byte) 0xC3, (byte) 0x91, (byte) 0xB0, (byte) 0x37, (byte) 0x64,
+            (byte) 0xD4, (byte) 0x48, (byte) 0xF7, (byte) 0xD0, (byte) 0xC7, (byte) 0x72,
+            (byte) 0xFD, (byte) 0xB0, (byte) 0x3B, (byte) 0x1D, (byte) 0x9D, (byte) 0x6D,
+            (byte) 0x52, (byte) 0xFF, (byte) 0x88, (byte) 0x86, (byte) 0x76, (byte) 0x9E,
+            (byte) 0x8E, (byte) 0x23, (byte) 0x62, (byte) 0x51, (byte) 0x35, (byte) 0x65,
+            (byte) 0x27, (byte) 0x09, (byte) 0x62, (byte) 0xD3
+    };
 
     @Test
     public void testLimits() throws Exception {
@@ -120,6 +138,7 @@
         fullInfo.setPort(4242);
         fullInfo.setHostAddresses(List.of(IPV4_ADDRESS));
         fullInfo.setHostname("home");
+        fullInfo.setPublicKey(PUBLIC_KEY_RDATA);
         fullInfo.setNetwork(new Network(123));
         fullInfo.setInterfaceIndex(456);
         checkParcelable(fullInfo);
@@ -136,6 +155,7 @@
         attributedInfo.setPort(4242);
         attributedInfo.setHostAddresses(List.of(IPV6_ADDRESS, IPV4_ADDRESS));
         attributedInfo.setHostname("home");
+        attributedInfo.setPublicKey(PUBLIC_KEY_RDATA);
         attributedInfo.setAttribute("color", "pink");
         attributedInfo.setAttribute("sound", (new String("にゃあ")).getBytes("UTF-8"));
         attributedInfo.setAttribute("adorable", (String) null);
@@ -172,6 +192,7 @@
         assertEquals(original.getServiceType(), result.getServiceType());
         assertEquals(original.getHost(), result.getHost());
         assertEquals(original.getHostname(), result.getHostname());
+        assertArrayEquals(original.getPublicKey(), result.getPublicKey());
         assertTrue(original.getPort() == result.getPort());
         assertEquals(original.getNetwork(), result.getNetwork());
         assertEquals(original.getInterfaceIndex(), result.getInterfaceIndex());
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3ce0b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_team: "trendy_team_framework_backstage_power",
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+java_test_host {
+    name: "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTests",
+    defaults: ["cts_defaults"],
+    // Only compile source java files in this apk.
+    srcs: [
+        "src/**/*.java",
+        ":ArgumentConstants",
+    ],
+    libs: [
+        "cts-tradefed",
+        "tradefed",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "modules-utils-build-testing",
+    ],
+    // Tag this module as a cts test artifact
+    test_suites: [
+        "cts",
+        "general-tests",
+        "sts",
+    ],
+    data: [
+        ":CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTestsApp",
+        ":CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTestsApp2",
+    ],
+    per_testcase_directory: true,
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/AndroidTest.xml b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44f77f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Config for CTS network policy host test cases">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="cts" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="component" value="networking" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="token" value="SIM_CARD" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="instant_app" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="not_multi_abi" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="secondary_user" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.compatibility.common.tradefed.targetprep.LocationCheck" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.cts.netpolicy.NetworkPolicyTestsPreparer" />
+
+    <!-- Enabling change id ALLOW_TEST_API_ACCESS allows that package to access @TestApi methods -->
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="am compat enable ALLOW_TEST_API_ACCESS com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2" />
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="am compat reset ALLOW_TEST_API_ACCESS com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2" />
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="cmd power set-mode 0" />
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="cmd battery reset" />
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="cmd netpolicy stop-watching" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.DeviceSetup">
+        <option name="force-skip-system-props" value="true" />
+        <option name="set-global-setting" key="verifier_verify_adb_installs" value="0" />
+        <option name="set-global-setting" key="low_power_standby_enabled" value="0" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.compatibility.common.tradefed.testtype.JarHostTest" >
+        <option name="jar" value="CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTests.jar" />
+        <option name="runtime-hint" value="3m56s" />
+    </test>
+
+    <metrics_collector class="com.android.tradefed.device.metric.FilePullerLogCollector">
+        <option name="directory-keys" value="/sdcard/CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTests" />
+        <option name="collect-on-run-ended-only" value="true" />
+    </metrics_collector>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/OWNERS b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea83e61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Bug component: 61373
+# Inherits parent owners
+include platform/frameworks/base:/services/core/java/com/android/server/net/OWNERS
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/TEST_MAPPING b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/TEST_MAPPING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57ac4f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+{
+  "presubmit-large": [
+    {
+      "name": "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTests",
+      "options": [
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "android.platform.test.annotations.FlakyTest"
+        },
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "android.platform.test.annotations.RequiresDevice"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ],
+  "postsubmit": [
+    {
+      // Postsubmit on virtual devices to monitor flakiness of all tests that don't require a
+      // physical device
+      "name": "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTests",
+      "options": [
+        {
+          "exclude-annotation": "androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b182090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package {
+    default_team: "trendy_team_framework_backstage_power",
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+java_test_helper_library {
+    name: "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTestsAidl",
+    sdk_version: "current",
+    srcs: [
+        "com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/*.aidl",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/IMyService.aidl b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/IMyService.aidl
similarity index 86%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/IMyService.aidl
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/IMyService.aidl
index 906024b..068d9d8 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/IMyService.aidl
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/IMyService.aidl
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import android.app.job.JobInfo;
 
-import com.android.cts.net.hostside.INetworkCallback;
-import com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkCheckResult;
+import com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.INetworkCallback;
+import com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkCheckResult;
 
 interface IMyService {
     void registerBroadcastReceiver();
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/INetworkCallback.aidl b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/INetworkCallback.aidl
similarity index 95%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/INetworkCallback.aidl
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/INetworkCallback.aidl
index 2048bab..38efc7b 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/INetworkCallback.aidl
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/INetworkCallback.aidl
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/INetworkStateObserver.aidl b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/INetworkStateObserver.aidl
similarity index 89%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/INetworkStateObserver.aidl
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/INetworkStateObserver.aidl
index 8ef4659..c6b7a1c 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/INetworkStateObserver.aidl
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/INetworkStateObserver.aidl
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import android.net.NetworkInfo;
 
-import com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkCheckResult;
+import com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkCheckResult;
 
 interface INetworkStateObserver {
     void onNetworkStateChecked(int resultCode, in NetworkCheckResult networkCheckResult);
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkCheckResult.aidl b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkCheckResult.aidl
similarity index 94%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkCheckResult.aidl
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkCheckResult.aidl
index cdd6b70..7aac2ab 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/aidl/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkCheckResult.aidl
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/aidl/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkCheckResult.aidl
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import android.net.NetworkInfo;
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a31c843
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+package {
+    default_team: "trendy_team_framework_backstage_power",
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+java_defaults {
+    name: "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTestsAppDefaults",
+    platform_apis: true,
+    static_libs: [
+        "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTestsAidl",
+        "androidx.test.ext.junit",
+        "androidx.test.rules",
+        "androidx.test.uiautomator_uiautomator",
+        "compatibility-device-util-axt",
+        "cts-net-utils",
+        "ctstestrunner-axt",
+        "modules-utils-build",
+    ],
+    libs: [
+        "android.test.runner",
+        "android.test.base",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "src/**/*.java",
+        ":ArgumentConstants",
+    ],
+    // Tag this module as a cts test artifact
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "sts",
+    ],
+}
+
+android_test_helper_app {
+    name: "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTestsApp",
+    defaults: [
+        "cts_support_defaults",
+        "framework-connectivity-test-defaults",
+        "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTestsAppDefaults",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/AndroidManifest.xml b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f19e35f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+     package="com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside">
+
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.QUERY_ALL_PACKAGES"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
+
+    <application android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true">
+        <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner"/>
+        <service android:name=".MyNotificationListenerService"
+             android:label="MyNotificationListenerService"
+             android:permission="android.permission.BIND_NOTIFICATION_LISTENER_SERVICE"
+             android:exported="true">
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.service.notification.NotificationListenerService"/>
+            </intent-filter>
+        </service>
+    </application>
+
+    <instrumentation android:name="androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
+         android:targetPackage="com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside"/>
+
+</manifest>
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractAppIdleTestCase.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractAppIdleTestCase.java
similarity index 96%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractAppIdleTestCase.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractAppIdleTestCase.java
index d9ff539..19e4364 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractAppIdleTestCase.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractAppIdleTestCase.java
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.APP_STANDBY_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.APP_STANDBY_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractBatterySaverModeTestCase.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractBatterySaverModeTestCase.java
similarity index 96%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractBatterySaverModeTestCase.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractBatterySaverModeTestCase.java
index 0d7365f..ae226e2 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractBatterySaverModeTestCase.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractBatterySaverModeTestCase.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractDefaultRestrictionsTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractDefaultRestrictionsTest.java
similarity index 98%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractDefaultRestrictionsTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractDefaultRestrictionsTest.java
index 8a3e790..da633c0 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractDefaultRestrictionsTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractDefaultRestrictionsTest.java
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import static android.app.ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_TOP_SLEEPING;
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractDozeModeTestCase.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractDozeModeTestCase.java
similarity index 95%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractDozeModeTestCase.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractDozeModeTestCase.java
index b037953..0c8cb70 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractDozeModeTestCase.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractDozeModeTestCase.java
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import static android.app.ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_BOUND_FOREGROUND_SERVICE;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DOZE_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.NOT_LOW_RAM_DEVICE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.DOZE_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.NOT_LOW_RAM_DEVICE;
 
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractExpeditedJobTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractExpeditedJobTest.java
similarity index 88%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractExpeditedJobTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractExpeditedJobTest.java
index 7cac2af..5435920 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractExpeditedJobTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractExpeditedJobTest.java
@@ -14,14 +14,14 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.APP_STANDBY_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DOZE_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.APP_STANDBY_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.DOZE_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java
similarity index 96%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java
index 4437986..d0203c5 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.java
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import static android.app.ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_BOUND_FOREGROUND_SERVICE;
 import static android.app.ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_FOREGROUND_SERVICE;
@@ -23,18 +23,18 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.ACTION_RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_CHANGED;
 import static android.os.BatteryManager.BATTERY_PLUGGED_ANY;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_CONNECTION_CHECK_CUSTOM_URL;
-import static com.android.cts.net.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_WAIVE_BIND_PRIORITY;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.executeShellCommand;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.forceRunJob;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.getConnectivityManager;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.getContext;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.getInstrumentation;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isAppStandbySupported;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isBatterySaverSupported;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isDozeModeSupported;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.restrictBackgroundValueToString;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackgroundInternal;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_CONNECTION_CHECK_CUSTOM_URL;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_WAIVE_BIND_PRIORITY;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.executeShellCommand;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.forceRunJob;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.getConnectivityManager;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.getContext;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.getInstrumentation;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isAppStandbySupported;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isBatterySaverSupported;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isDozeModeSupported;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.restrictBackgroundValueToString;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackgroundInternal;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@
 public abstract class AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase {
     public static final String TAG = "RestrictBackgroundNetworkTests";
 
-    protected static final String TEST_PKG = "com.android.cts.net.hostside";
-    protected static final String TEST_APP2_PKG = "com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2";
+    protected static final String TEST_PKG = "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside";
+    protected static final String TEST_APP2_PKG = "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2";
     // TODO(b/321797685): Configure it via device-config once it is available.
     protected static final long PROCESS_STATE_TRANSITION_DELAY_MS = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(5);
 
@@ -112,17 +112,17 @@
     private static final String MANIFEST_RECEIVER = "ManifestReceiver";
     private static final String DYNAMIC_RECEIVER = "DynamicReceiver";
     private static final String ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY =
-            "com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.FINISH_ACTIVITY";
+            "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.FINISH_ACTIVITY";
     private static final String ACTION_FINISH_JOB =
-            "com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.FINISH_JOB";
+            "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.FINISH_JOB";
     // Copied from com.android.server.net.NetworkPolicyManagerService class
     private static final String ACTION_SNOOZE_WARNING =
             "com.android.server.net.action.SNOOZE_WARNING";
 
     private static final String ACTION_RECEIVER_READY =
-            "com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.RECEIVER_READY";
+            "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.RECEIVER_READY";
     static final String ACTION_SHOW_TOAST =
-            "com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.SHOW_TOAST";
+            "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.SHOW_TOAST";
 
     protected static final String NOTIFICATION_TYPE_CONTENT = "CONTENT";
     protected static final String NOTIFICATION_TYPE_DELETE = "DELETE";
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AppIdleMeteredTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AppIdleMeteredTest.java
similarity index 85%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AppIdleMeteredTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AppIdleMeteredTest.java
index f1858d6..6b802f6 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AppIdleMeteredTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AppIdleMeteredTest.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
 
 @RequiredProperties({METERED_NETWORK})
 public class AppIdleMeteredTest extends AbstractAppIdleTestCase {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AppIdleNonMeteredTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AppIdleNonMeteredTest.java
similarity index 85%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AppIdleNonMeteredTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AppIdleNonMeteredTest.java
index e737a6d..2e725ae 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/AppIdleNonMeteredTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/AppIdleNonMeteredTest.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
 
 @RequiredProperties({NON_METERED_NETWORK})
 public class AppIdleNonMeteredTest extends AbstractAppIdleTestCase {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/BatterySaverModeMeteredTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/BatterySaverModeMeteredTest.java
similarity index 85%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/BatterySaverModeMeteredTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/BatterySaverModeMeteredTest.java
index c78ca2e..2e421f6 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/BatterySaverModeMeteredTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/BatterySaverModeMeteredTest.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
 
 @RequiredProperties({METERED_NETWORK})
 public class BatterySaverModeMeteredTest extends AbstractBatterySaverModeTestCase {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/BatterySaverModeNonMeteredTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/BatterySaverModeNonMeteredTest.java
similarity index 85%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/BatterySaverModeNonMeteredTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/BatterySaverModeNonMeteredTest.java
index fb52a54..0be5644 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/BatterySaverModeNonMeteredTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/BatterySaverModeNonMeteredTest.java
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
 
 @RequiredProperties({NON_METERED_NETWORK})
 public class BatterySaverModeNonMeteredTest extends AbstractBatterySaverModeTestCase {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ConnOnActivityStartTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/ConnOnActivityStartTest.java
similarity index 85%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ConnOnActivityStartTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/ConnOnActivityStartTest.java
index 3e22a23..811190f 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ConnOnActivityStartTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/ConnOnActivityStartTest.java
@@ -14,20 +14,20 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 
 import static android.app.ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_BOUND_FOREGROUND_SERVICE;
 import static android.app.ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_TOP_SLEEPING;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.getUiDevice;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.APP_STANDBY_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DOZE_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.getUiDevice;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.APP_STANDBY_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.DOZE_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
 
 import static org.junit.Assume.assumeTrue;
 
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
     @After
     public final void tearDown() throws Exception {
         super.tearDown();
+        finishActivity();
         resetDeviceState();
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DataSaverModeTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DataSaverModeTest.java
similarity index 95%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DataSaverModeTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DataSaverModeTest.java
index 790e031..66e0d00 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DataSaverModeTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DataSaverModeTest.java
@@ -14,17 +14,17 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_STATUS_DISABLED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_STATUS_ENABLED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_STATUS_WHITELISTED;
 
 import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.FeatureUtil.isTV;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.NO_DATA_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.NO_DATA_SAVER_MODE;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DataWarningReceiverTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DataWarningReceiverTest.java
similarity index 96%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DataWarningReceiverTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DataWarningReceiverTest.java
index 13bbab6..69ca206 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DataWarningReceiverTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DataWarningReceiverTest.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.clearSnoozeTimestamps;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.clearSnoozeTimestamps;
 
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.telephony.SubscriptionManager;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsMeteredTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsMeteredTest.java
similarity index 86%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsMeteredTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsMeteredTest.java
index f3a1026..810fd19 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsMeteredTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsMeteredTest.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
 
 @RequiredProperties({METERED_NETWORK})
 public class DefaultRestrictionsMeteredTest extends AbstractDefaultRestrictionsTest {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsNonMeteredTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsNonMeteredTest.java
similarity index 85%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsNonMeteredTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsNonMeteredTest.java
index 5651dd0..fef546c 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsNonMeteredTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DefaultRestrictionsNonMeteredTest.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
 
 @RequiredProperties({NON_METERED_NETWORK})
 public class DefaultRestrictionsNonMeteredTest extends AbstractDefaultRestrictionsTest {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DozeModeMeteredTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DozeModeMeteredTest.java
similarity index 85%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DozeModeMeteredTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DozeModeMeteredTest.java
index 4306c99..741dd7e 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DozeModeMeteredTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DozeModeMeteredTest.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
 
 @RequiredProperties({METERED_NETWORK})
 public class DozeModeMeteredTest extends AbstractDozeModeTestCase {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DozeModeNonMeteredTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DozeModeNonMeteredTest.java
similarity index 85%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DozeModeNonMeteredTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DozeModeNonMeteredTest.java
index 1e89f15..f343df5 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DozeModeNonMeteredTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DozeModeNonMeteredTest.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
 
 @RequiredProperties({NON_METERED_NETWORK})
 public class DozeModeNonMeteredTest extends AbstractDozeModeTestCase {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DumpOnFailureRule.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DumpOnFailureRule.java
similarity index 92%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DumpOnFailureRule.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DumpOnFailureRule.java
index 07434b1..2dc6cc4 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/DumpOnFailureRule.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/DumpOnFailureRule.java
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.TAG;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.TEST_APP2_PKG;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.TEST_PKG;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.TAG;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.TEST_APP2_PKG;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.TEST_PKG;
 
 import android.os.Environment;
 import android.os.FileUtils;
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 
 public class DumpOnFailureRule extends OnFailureRule {
     private File mDumpDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),
-            "CtsHostsideNetworkTests");
+            "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTests");
 
     @Override
     public void onTestFailure(Statement base, Description description, Throwable throwable) {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ExpeditedJobMeteredTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/ExpeditedJobMeteredTest.java
similarity index 85%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ExpeditedJobMeteredTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/ExpeditedJobMeteredTest.java
index 3809534..d56a50b 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ExpeditedJobMeteredTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/ExpeditedJobMeteredTest.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
 
 @RequiredProperties({METERED_NETWORK})
 public class ExpeditedJobMeteredTest extends AbstractExpeditedJobTest {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ExpeditedJobNonMeteredTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/ExpeditedJobNonMeteredTest.java
similarity index 85%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ExpeditedJobNonMeteredTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/ExpeditedJobNonMeteredTest.java
index 6596269..0a776ee 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/ExpeditedJobNonMeteredTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/ExpeditedJobNonMeteredTest.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
 
 @RequiredProperties({NON_METERED_NETWORK})
 public class ExpeditedJobNonMeteredTest extends AbstractExpeditedJobTest {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MeterednessConfigurationRule.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MeterednessConfigurationRule.java
similarity index 86%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MeterednessConfigurationRule.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MeterednessConfigurationRule.java
index 5c99c67..4f4e68e 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MeterednessConfigurationRule.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MeterednessConfigurationRule.java
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setupActiveNetworkMeteredness;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setupActiveNetworkMeteredness;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
 
 import android.util.ArraySet;
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MixedModesTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MixedModesTest.java
similarity index 95%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MixedModesTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MixedModesTest.java
index c9edda6..b0fa106 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MixedModesTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MixedModesTest.java
@@ -13,15 +13,15 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.APP_STANDBY_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DOZE_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.APP_STANDBY_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.DOZE_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.METERED_NETWORK;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.NON_METERED_NETWORK;
 
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.util.Log;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MyNotificationListenerService.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MyNotificationListenerService.java
similarity index 98%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MyNotificationListenerService.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MyNotificationListenerService.java
index 0132536..6dc9921 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MyNotificationListenerService.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MyNotificationListenerService.java
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import android.app.Notification;
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MyServiceClient.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MyServiceClient.java
similarity index 98%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MyServiceClient.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MyServiceClient.java
index 494192f..71b28f6 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/MyServiceClient.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/MyServiceClient.java
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import android.app.job.JobInfo;
 import android.content.ComponentName;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkCallbackTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkCallbackTest.java
similarity index 96%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkCallbackTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkCallbackTest.java
index 5552b8f..7038d02 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkCallbackTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkCallbackTest.java
@@ -14,18 +14,18 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import static android.app.ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_BOUND_FOREGROUND_SERVICE;
 import static android.app.ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_TOP_SLEEPING;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.SIGNAL_STRENGTH_UNSPECIFIED;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.canChangeActiveNetworkMeteredness;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.getActiveNetworkCapabilities;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.canChangeActiveNetworkMeteredness;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.getActiveNetworkCapabilities;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java
similarity index 95%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java
index 968e270..9b3fe9f 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkPolicyManagerTest.java
@@ -14,18 +14,18 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import static android.app.ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_BOUND_FOREGROUND_SERVICE;
 import static android.app.ActivityManager.PROCESS_STATE_TOP_SLEEPING;
 import static android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.assertNetworkingBlockedStatusForUid;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isUidNetworkingBlocked;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.assertIsUidRestrictedOnMeteredNetworks;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.assertNetworkingBlockedStatusForUid;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isUidNetworkingBlocked;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.setRestrictBackground;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.BATTERY_SAVER_MODE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.Property.DATA_SAVER_MODE;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestRunner.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestRunner.java
similarity index 96%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestRunner.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestRunner.java
index f340907..0207b00 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestRunner.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestRunner.java
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import androidx.test.internal.runner.junit4.AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner;
 
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java
similarity index 98%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java
index 5331601..26a88f2 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/NetworkPolicyTestUtils.java
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_STATUS_DISABLED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_STATUS_ENABLED;
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 import static android.net.wifi.WifiConfiguration.METERED_OVERRIDE_NONE;
 
 import static com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runShellCommandOrThrow;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.TAG;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.TAG;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/Property.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/Property.java
similarity index 72%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/Property.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/Property.java
index 18805f9..a03833f 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/Property.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/Property.java
@@ -13,15 +13,15 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.canChangeActiveNetworkMeteredness;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isActiveNetworkMetered;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isAppStandbySupported;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isBatterySaverSupported;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isDataSaverSupported;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isDozeModeSupported;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isLowRamDevice;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.canChangeActiveNetworkMeteredness;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isActiveNetworkMetered;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isAppStandbySupported;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isBatterySaverSupported;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isDataSaverSupported;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isDozeModeSupported;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkPolicyTestUtils.isLowRamDevice;
 
 public enum Property {
     BATTERY_SAVER_MODE(1 << 0) {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RequiredProperties.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/RequiredProperties.java
similarity index 95%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RequiredProperties.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/RequiredProperties.java
index 96838bb..799a513 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RequiredProperties.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/RequiredProperties.java
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.METHOD;
 import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RequiredPropertiesRule.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/RequiredPropertiesRule.java
similarity index 95%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RequiredPropertiesRule.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/RequiredPropertiesRule.java
index 01f9f3e..5dea67c 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RequiredPropertiesRule.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/RequiredPropertiesRule.java
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.TAG;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.AbstractRestrictBackgroundNetworkTestCase.TAG;
 
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java
similarity index 97%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java
index 4777bf4..f183f4e 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/RestrictedModeTest.java
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ef0b06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+package {
+    default_team: "trendy_team_framework_backstage_power",
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_test_helper_app {
+    name: "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTestsApp2",
+    defaults: ["cts_support_defaults"],
+    platform_apis: true,
+    static_libs: [
+        "androidx.annotation_annotation",
+        "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTestsAidl",
+        "modules-utils-build",
+    ],
+    srcs: ["src/**/*.java"],
+    // Tag this module as a cts test artifact
+    test_suites: [
+        "cts",
+        "general-tests",
+        "sts",
+    ],
+    certificate: ":cts-netpolicy-app",
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/AndroidManifest.xml b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..668f2da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+     Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+     package="com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2">
+
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_SPECIAL_USE"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STATS" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS" />
+
+    <!--
+     This application is used to listen to RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_CHANGED intents and store
+     them in a shared preferences which is then read by the test app. These broadcasts are
+     handled by 2 listeners, one defined the manifest and another dynamically registered by
+     a service.
+
+     The manifest-defined listener also handles ordered broadcasts used to share data with the
+     test app.
+
+     This application also provides a service, RemoteSocketFactoryService, that the test app can
+     use to open sockets to remote hosts as a different user ID.
+    -->
+    <application android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
+            android:testOnly="true"
+            android:debuggable="true">
+
+        <activity android:name=".MyActivity"
+             android:exported="true"/>
+        <service android:name=".MyService"
+             android:exported="true"/>
+        <service android:name=".MyForegroundService"
+             android:foregroundServiceType="specialUse"
+             android:exported="true">
+            <property android:name="android.app.PROPERTY_SPECIAL_USE_FGS_SUBTYPE"
+                      android:value="Connectivity" />
+        </service>
+        <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver"
+             android:exported="true">
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.net.conn.RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_CHANGED"/>
+                <action android:name="com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.GET_COUNTERS"/>
+                <action android:name="com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.GET_RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_STATUS"/>
+                <action android:name="com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.CHECK_NETWORK"/>
+                <action android:name="com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.SEND_NOTIFICATION"/>
+                <action android:name="com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.SHOW_TOAST"/>
+                </intent-filter>
+        </receiver>
+        <service android:name=".MyJobService"
+            android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE" />
+    </application>
+
+    <!--
+      Adding this to make sure that receiving the broadcast is not restricted by
+      package visibility restrictions.
+    -->
+    <queries>
+        <package android:name="android" />
+    </queries>
+
+</manifest>
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/res/drawable/ic_notification.png b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/res/drawable/ic_notification.png
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app2/res/drawable/ic_notification.png
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/res/drawable/ic_notification.png
Binary files differ
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/Common.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/Common.java
similarity index 91%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/Common.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/Common.java
index 1c45579..1719f9b 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/Common.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/Common.java
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.INetworkStateObserver.RESULT_ERROR_OTHER;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.INetworkStateObserver.RESULT_ERROR_UNEXPECTED_CAPABILITIES;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.INetworkStateObserver.RESULT_ERROR_UNEXPECTED_PROC_STATE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.INetworkStateObserver.RESULT_ERROR_OTHER;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.INetworkStateObserver.RESULT_ERROR_UNEXPECTED_CAPABILITIES;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.INetworkStateObserver.RESULT_ERROR_UNEXPECTED_PROC_STATE;
 
 import android.app.ActivityManager;
 import android.content.Context;
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
-import com.android.cts.net.hostside.INetworkStateObserver;
-import com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkCheckResult;
+import com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.INetworkStateObserver;
+import com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkCheckResult;
 
 import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
@@ -49,13 +49,13 @@
     static final String DYNAMIC_RECEIVER = "DynamicReceiver";
 
     static final String ACTION_RECEIVER_READY =
-            "com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.RECEIVER_READY";
+            "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.RECEIVER_READY";
     static final String ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY =
-            "com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.FINISH_ACTIVITY";
+            "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.FINISH_ACTIVITY";
     static final String ACTION_FINISH_JOB =
-            "com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.FINISH_JOB";
+            "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.FINISH_JOB";
     static final String ACTION_SHOW_TOAST =
-            "com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.SHOW_TOAST";
+            "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.action.SHOW_TOAST";
     // Copied from com.android.server.net.NetworkPolicyManagerService class
     static final String ACTION_SNOOZE_WARNING =
             "com.android.server.net.action.SNOOZE_WARNING";
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
     static final String NOTIFICATION_TYPE_ACTION_BUNDLE = "ACTION_BUNDLE";
     static final String NOTIFICATION_TYPE_ACTION_REMOTE_INPUT = "ACTION_REMOTE_INPUT";
 
-    static final String TEST_PKG = "com.android.cts.net.hostside";
+    static final String TEST_PKG = "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside";
     static final String KEY_NETWORK_STATE_OBSERVER = TEST_PKG + ".observer";
     static final String KEY_SKIP_VALIDATION_CHECKS = TEST_PKG + ".skip_validation_checks";
     static final String KEY_CUSTOM_URL =  TEST_PKG + ".custom_url";
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java
similarity index 90%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java
index aa58ff9..d274c50 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyActivity.java
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTY;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_FINISH_ACTIVITY;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.TYPE_COMPONENT_ACTIVTY;
 
 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyBroadcastReceiver.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyBroadcastReceiver.java
similarity index 86%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyBroadcastReceiver.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyBroadcastReceiver.java
index 1fd3745..27aec8c 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyBroadcastReceiver.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyBroadcastReceiver.java
@@ -14,22 +14,22 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2;
 
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.ACTION_RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_CHANGED;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_RECEIVER_READY;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_SHOW_TOAST;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_SNOOZE_WARNING;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.MANIFEST_RECEIVER;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_ACTION;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_ACTION_BUNDLE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_ACTION_REMOTE_INPUT;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_BUNDLE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_CONTENT;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_DELETE;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_FULL_SCREEN;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_RECEIVER_READY;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_SHOW_TOAST;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_SNOOZE_WARNING;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.MANIFEST_RECEIVER;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_ACTION;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_ACTION_BUNDLE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_ACTION_REMOTE_INPUT;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_BUNDLE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_CONTENT;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_DELETE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.NOTIFICATION_TYPE_FULL_SCREEN;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
 
 import android.app.Notification;
 import android.app.Notification.Action;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyForegroundService.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyForegroundService.java
similarity index 87%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyForegroundService.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyForegroundService.java
index b55761c..54cee3c 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyForegroundService.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyForegroundService.java
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TEST_PKG;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TYPE_COMPONENT_FOREGROUND_SERVICE;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.TEST_PKG;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.TYPE_COMPONENT_FOREGROUND_SERVICE;
 
 import android.R;
 import android.app.Notification;
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
-import com.android.cts.net.hostside.INetworkStateObserver;
+import com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.INetworkStateObserver;
 
 /**
  * Service used to change app state to FOREGROUND_SERVICE.
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyJobService.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyJobService.java
similarity index 90%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyJobService.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyJobService.java
index 8c112b6..eba55ed 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyJobService.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyJobService.java
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_FINISH_JOB;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TYPE_COMPONENT_EXPEDITED_JOB;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_FINISH_JOB;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.TYPE_COMPONENT_EXPEDITED_JOB;
 
 import android.app.job.JobParameters;
 import android.app.job.JobService;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyService.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyService.java
similarity index 92%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyService.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyService.java
index 5010234..71bcead 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/app2/MyService.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/app2/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/hostside/app2/MyService.java
@@ -13,14 +13,14 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2;
 
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.ACTION_RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_CHANGED;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_RECEIVER_READY;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_SNOOZE_WARNING;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.DYNAMIC_RECEIVER;
-import static com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_RECEIVER_READY;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.ACTION_SNOOZE_WARNING;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.DYNAMIC_RECEIVER;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2.Common.TAG;
 
 import android.app.NotificationChannel;
 import android.app.NotificationManager;
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.util.Log;
 
-import com.android.cts.net.hostside.IMyService;
-import com.android.cts.net.hostside.INetworkCallback;
-import com.android.cts.net.hostside.NetworkCheckResult;
+import com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.IMyService;
+import com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.INetworkCallback;
+import com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.NetworkCheckResult;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 
 /**
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/certs/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/certs/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfbc341
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/certs/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package {
+    default_team: "trendy_team_framework_backstage_power",
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+android_app_certificate {
+    name: "cts-netpolicy-app",
+    certificate: "cts-net-app",
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/certs/README b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/certs/README
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/certs/README
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/certs/README
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/certs/cts-net-app.pk8 b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/certs/cts-net-app.pk8
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/certs/cts-net-app.pk8
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/certs/cts-net-app.pk8
Binary files differ
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/certs/cts-net-app.x509.pem b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/certs/cts-net-app.x509.pem
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/certs/cts-net-app.x509.pem
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/certs/cts-net-app.x509.pem
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/instrumentation_arguments/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/instrumentation_arguments/Android.bp
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/instrumentation_arguments/Android.bp
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/instrumentation_arguments/Android.bp
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/instrumentation_arguments/src/com/android/cts/net/arguments/InstrumentationArguments.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/instrumentation_arguments/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/arguments/InstrumentationArguments.java
similarity index 94%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/instrumentation_arguments/src/com/android/cts/net/arguments/InstrumentationArguments.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/instrumentation_arguments/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/arguments/InstrumentationArguments.java
index 911b129..0fe98e9 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/instrumentation_arguments/src/com/android/cts/net/arguments/InstrumentationArguments.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/instrumentation_arguments/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/arguments/InstrumentationArguments.java
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net.arguments;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy.arguments;
 
 public interface InstrumentationArguments {
     String ARG_WAIVE_BIND_PRIORITY = "waive_bind_priority";
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest.java
similarity index 91%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest.java
index fff716d..422231d 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest.java
@@ -14,13 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_WAIVE_BIND_PRIORITY;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_WAIVE_BIND_PRIORITY;
 
 import android.platform.test.annotations.FlakyTest;
 
-import com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit;
 import com.android.tradefed.device.DeviceNotAvailableException;
 import com.android.tradefed.invoker.TestInformation;
 import com.android.tradefed.testtype.junit4.AfterClassWithInfo;
@@ -30,8 +29,8 @@
 
 import java.util.Map;
 
-@SkipPresubmit(reason = "Out of SLO flakiness")
-public class HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest extends HostsideNetworkTestCase {
+@FlakyTest(bugId = 288324467)
+public class HostsideConnOnActivityStartTest extends HostsideNetworkPolicyTestCase {
     private static final String TEST_CLASS = TEST_PKG + ".ConnOnActivityStartTest";
 
     @BeforeClassWithInfo
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideDefaultNetworkRestrictionsTests.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideDefaultNetworkRestrictionsTests.java
similarity index 92%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideDefaultNetworkRestrictionsTests.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideDefaultNetworkRestrictionsTests.java
index faabbef..62952bb 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideDefaultNetworkRestrictionsTests.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideDefaultNetworkRestrictionsTests.java
@@ -14,11 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_WAIVE_BIND_PRIORITY;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_WAIVE_BIND_PRIORITY;
 
-import com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.FlakyTest;
+
 import com.android.tradefed.device.DeviceNotAvailableException;
 
 import org.junit.After;
@@ -28,8 +29,8 @@
 import java.util.Map;
 
 // TODO(b/321848487): Annotate with @RequiresFlagsEnabled to mirror the device-side tests.
-@SkipPresubmit(reason = "Monitoring for flakiness")
-public class HostsideDefaultNetworkRestrictionsTests extends HostsideNetworkTestCase {
+@FlakyTest(bugId = 288324467)
+public class HostsideDefaultNetworkRestrictionsTests extends HostsideNetworkPolicyTestCase {
     private static final String METERED_TEST_CLASS = TEST_PKG + ".DefaultRestrictionsMeteredTest";
     private static final String NON_METERED_TEST_CLASS =
             TEST_PKG + ".DefaultRestrictionsNonMeteredTest";
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkCallbackTests.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideNetworkCallbackTests.java
similarity index 88%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkCallbackTests.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideNetworkCallbackTests.java
index c4bcdfd..2c2b118 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkCallbackTests.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideNetworkCallbackTests.java
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_WAIVE_BIND_PRIORITY;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_WAIVE_BIND_PRIORITY;
 
-import com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit;
+import android.platform.test.annotations.FlakyTest;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@
 
 import java.util.Map;
 
-@SkipPresubmit(reason = "Out of SLO flakiness")
-public class HostsideNetworkCallbackTests extends HostsideNetworkTestCase {
+@FlakyTest(bugId = 288324467)
+public class HostsideNetworkCallbackTests extends HostsideNetworkPolicyTestCase {
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkPolicyManagerTests.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideNetworkPolicyManagerTests.java
similarity index 94%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkPolicyManagerTests.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideNetworkPolicyManagerTests.java
index 4730b14..8ffe360 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkPolicyManagerTests.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideNetworkPolicyManagerTests.java
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_WAIVE_BIND_PRIORITY;
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_WAIVE_BIND_PRIORITY;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 
 import java.util.Map;
 
-public class HostsideNetworkPolicyManagerTests extends HostsideNetworkTestCase {
+public class HostsideNetworkPolicyManagerTests extends HostsideNetworkPolicyTestCase {
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         uninstallPackage(TEST_APP2_PKG, false);
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideNetworkPolicyTestCase.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideNetworkPolicyTestCase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b662aa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideNetworkPolicyTestCase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2024 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy;
+
+import static com.android.cts.netpolicy.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_CONNECTION_CHECK_CUSTOM_URL;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+
+import com.android.ddmlib.Log;
+import com.android.tradefed.config.Option;
+import com.android.tradefed.device.DeviceNotAvailableException;
+import com.android.tradefed.invoker.TestInformation;
+import com.android.tradefed.targetprep.BuildError;
+import com.android.tradefed.targetprep.TargetSetupError;
+import com.android.tradefed.targetprep.suite.SuiteApkInstaller;
+import com.android.tradefed.testtype.DeviceJUnit4ClassRunner;
+import com.android.tradefed.testtype.junit4.AfterClassWithInfo;
+import com.android.tradefed.testtype.junit4.BaseHostJUnit4Test;
+import com.android.tradefed.testtype.junit4.BeforeClassWithInfo;
+import com.android.tradefed.testtype.junit4.DeviceTestRunOptions;
+import com.android.tradefed.util.RunUtil;
+
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+
+@RunWith(DeviceJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
+abstract class HostsideNetworkPolicyTestCase extends BaseHostJUnit4Test {
+    protected static final boolean DEBUG = false;
+    protected static final String TAG = "HostsideNetworkPolicyTests";
+    protected static final String TEST_PKG = "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside";
+    protected static final String TEST_APK = "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTestsApp.apk";
+    protected static final String TEST_APP2_PKG = "com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2";
+    protected static final String TEST_APP2_APK = "CtsHostsideNetworkPolicyTestsApp2.apk";
+
+    @Option(name = "custom-url", importance = Option.Importance.IF_UNSET,
+            description = "A custom url to use for testing network connections")
+    protected String mCustomUrl;
+
+    @BeforeClassWithInfo
+    public static void setUpOnceBase(TestInformation testInfo) throws Exception {
+        uninstallPackage(testInfo, TEST_PKG, false);
+        installPackage(testInfo, TEST_APK);
+    }
+
+    @AfterClassWithInfo
+    public static void tearDownOnceBase(TestInformation testInfo)
+            throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
+        uninstallPackage(testInfo, TEST_PKG, true);
+    }
+
+    // Custom static method to install the specified package, this is used to bypass auto-cleanup
+    // per test in BaseHostJUnit4.
+    protected static void installPackage(TestInformation testInfo, String apk)
+            throws DeviceNotAvailableException, TargetSetupError {
+        assertNotNull(testInfo);
+        final int userId = testInfo.getDevice().getCurrentUser();
+        final SuiteApkInstaller installer = new SuiteApkInstaller();
+        // Force the apk clean up
+        installer.setCleanApk(true);
+        installer.addTestFileName(apk);
+        installer.setUserId(userId);
+        installer.setShouldGrantPermission(true);
+        installer.addInstallArg("-t");
+        try {
+            installer.setUp(testInfo);
+        } catch (BuildError e) {
+            throw new TargetSetupError(
+                    e.getMessage(), e, testInfo.getDevice().getDeviceDescriptor(), e.getErrorId());
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void installPackage(String apk) throws DeviceNotAvailableException, TargetSetupError {
+        installPackage(getTestInformation(), apk);
+    }
+
+    protected static void uninstallPackage(TestInformation testInfo, String packageName,
+            boolean shouldSucceed)
+            throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
+        assertNotNull(testInfo);
+        final String result = testInfo.getDevice().uninstallPackage(packageName);
+        if (shouldSucceed) {
+            assertNull("uninstallPackage(" + packageName + ") failed: " + result, result);
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void uninstallPackage(String packageName,
+            boolean shouldSucceed)
+            throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
+        uninstallPackage(getTestInformation(), packageName, shouldSucceed);
+    }
+
+    protected void assertPackageUninstalled(String packageName) throws DeviceNotAvailableException,
+            InterruptedException {
+        final String command = "cmd package list packages " + packageName;
+        final int max_tries = 5;
+        for (int i = 1; i <= max_tries; i++) {
+            final String result = runCommand(command);
+            if (result.trim().isEmpty()) {
+                return;
+            }
+            // 'list packages' filters by substring, so we need to iterate with the results
+            // and check one by one, otherwise 'com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside' could return
+            // 'com.android.cts.netpolicy.hostside.app2'
+            boolean found = false;
+            for (String line : result.split("[\\r\\n]+")) {
+                if (line.endsWith(packageName)) {
+                    found = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (!found) {
+                return;
+            }
+            i++;
+            Log.v(TAG, "Package " + packageName + " not uninstalled yet (" + result
+                    + "); sleeping 1s before polling again");
+            RunUtil.getDefault().sleep(1000);
+        }
+        fail("Package '" + packageName + "' not uinstalled after " + max_tries + " seconds");
+    }
+
+    protected int getUid(String packageName) throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
+        final int currentUser = getDevice().getCurrentUser();
+        final String uidLines = runCommand(
+                "cmd package list packages -U --user " + currentUser + " " + packageName);
+        for (String uidLine : uidLines.split("\n")) {
+            if (uidLine.startsWith("package:" + packageName + " uid:")) {
+                final String[] uidLineParts = uidLine.split(":");
+                // 3rd entry is package uid
+                return Integer.parseInt(uidLineParts[2].trim());
+            }
+        }
+        throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to find the test app on the device; pkg="
+                + packageName + ", u=" + currentUser);
+    }
+
+    protected boolean runDeviceTestsWithCustomOptions(String packageName, String className)
+            throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
+        return runDeviceTestsWithCustomOptions(packageName, className, null);
+    }
+
+    protected boolean runDeviceTestsWithCustomOptions(String packageName, String className,
+            String methodName) throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
+        return runDeviceTestsWithCustomOptions(packageName, className, methodName, null);
+    }
+
+    protected boolean runDeviceTestsWithCustomOptions(String packageName, String className,
+            String methodName, Map<String, String> testArgs) throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
+        final DeviceTestRunOptions deviceTestRunOptions = new DeviceTestRunOptions(packageName)
+                .setTestClassName(className)
+                .setTestMethodName(methodName);
+
+        // Currently there is only one custom option that the test exposes.
+        if (mCustomUrl != null) {
+            deviceTestRunOptions.addInstrumentationArg(ARG_CONNECTION_CHECK_CUSTOM_URL, mCustomUrl);
+        }
+        // Pass over any test specific arguments.
+        if (testArgs != null) {
+            for (Map.Entry<String, String> arg : testArgs.entrySet()) {
+                deviceTestRunOptions.addInstrumentationArg(arg.getKey(), arg.getValue());
+            }
+        }
+        return runDeviceTests(deviceTestRunOptions);
+    }
+
+    protected String runCommand(String command) throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
+        Log.d(TAG, "Command: '" + command + "'");
+        final String output = getDevice().executeShellCommand(command);
+        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Output: " + output.trim());
+        return output;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java
similarity index 98%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java
index 7b9d3b5..0261c7d 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests.java
@@ -14,14 +14,14 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package com.android.cts.net;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
+import android.platform.test.annotations.FlakyTest;
 import android.platform.test.annotations.SecurityTest;
 
 import com.android.ddmlib.Log;
-import com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit;
 import com.android.tradefed.device.DeviceNotAvailableException;
 import com.android.tradefed.util.RunUtil;
 
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
-@SkipPresubmit(reason = "Out of SLO flakiness")
-public class HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests extends HostsideNetworkTestCase {
+@FlakyTest(bugId = 288324467)
+public class HostsideRestrictBackgroundNetworkTests extends HostsideNetworkPolicyTestCase {
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/NetworkPolicyTestsPreparer.java b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/NetworkPolicyTestsPreparer.java
similarity index 98%
rename from tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/NetworkPolicyTestsPreparer.java
rename to tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/NetworkPolicyTestsPreparer.java
index 23aca24..cbf2f4d 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/NetworkPolicyTestsPreparer.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside-network-policy/src/com/android/cts/netpolicy/NetworkPolicyTestsPreparer.java
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
-package com.android.cts.net;
+package com.android.cts.netpolicy;
 
 import com.android.tradefed.device.DeviceNotAvailableException;
 import com.android.tradefed.device.ITestDevice;
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp
index f6c0430..14d5d54 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/Android.bp
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
     // Only compile source java files in this apk.
     srcs: [
         "src/**/*.java",
-        ":ArgumentConstants",
     ],
     libs: [
         "net-tests-utils-host-device-common",
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/AndroidTest.xml b/tests/cts/hostside/AndroidTest.xml
index 0ffe81e..ea6b078 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/AndroidTest.xml
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
     <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="secondary_user" />
 
     <target_preparer class="com.android.compatibility.common.tradefed.targetprep.LocationCheck" />
-    <target_preparer class="com.android.cts.net.NetworkPolicyTestsPreparer" />
 
     <!-- Enabling change id ALLOW_TEST_API_ACCESS allows that package to access @TestApi methods -->
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
@@ -30,7 +29,6 @@
         <option name="teardown-command" value="am compat reset ALLOW_TEST_API_ACCESS com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2" />
         <option name="teardown-command" value="cmd power set-mode 0" />
         <option name="teardown-command" value="cmd battery reset" />
-        <option name="teardown-command" value="cmd netpolicy stop-watching" />
     </target_preparer>
 
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.DeviceSetup">
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/OWNERS b/tests/cts/hostside/OWNERS
deleted file mode 100644
index 20bc55e..0000000
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/OWNERS
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-# Bug component: 61373
-# Inherits parent owners
-sudheersai@google.com
-jchalard@google.com
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside/app/Android.bp
index cf4afa9..919e025 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/Android.bp
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@
     ],
     srcs: [
         "src/**/*.java",
-         ":ArgumentConstants",
     ],
     // Tag this module as a cts test artifact
     test_suites: [
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/AndroidManifest.xml b/tests/cts/hostside/app/AndroidManifest.xml
index ca3397b..e0f4cdc 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -43,14 +43,6 @@
                 <action android:name="android.net.VpnService"/>
             </intent-filter>
         </service>
-        <service android:name=".MyNotificationListenerService"
-             android:label="MyNotificationListenerService"
-             android:permission="android.permission.BIND_NOTIFICATION_LISTENER_SERVICE"
-             android:exported="true">
-            <intent-filter>
-                <action android:name="android.service.notification.NotificationListenerService"/>
-            </intent-filter>
-        </service>
     </application>
 
     <instrumentation android:name="androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java
index 0f86d78..8e7b3d4 100755
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app/src/com/android/cts/net/hostside/VpnTest.java
@@ -257,7 +257,6 @@
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
-        assumeTrue(supportedHardware());
         mNetwork = null;
         mTestContext = getInstrumentation().getContext();
         mTargetContext = getInstrumentation().getTargetContext();
@@ -272,6 +271,7 @@
         mDevice.waitForIdle();
         mCtsNetUtils = new CtsNetUtils(mTestContext);
         mPackageManager = mTestContext.getPackageManager();
+        assumeTrue(supportedHardware());
     }
 
     @After
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/Android.bp
index c526172..ad25562 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/Android.bp
@@ -35,5 +35,4 @@
         "general-tests",
         "sts",
     ],
-    certificate: ":cts-net-app",
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/AndroidManifest.xml b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/AndroidManifest.xml
index 2c2d957..412b307 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/app2/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/app2/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -40,33 +40,8 @@
     <application android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
             android:testOnly="true"
             android:debuggable="true">
-
-        <activity android:name=".MyActivity"
-             android:exported="true"/>
-        <service android:name=".MyService"
-             android:exported="true"/>
-        <service android:name=".MyForegroundService"
-             android:foregroundServiceType="specialUse"
-             android:exported="true">
-            <property android:name="android.app.PROPERTY_SPECIAL_USE_FGS_SUBTYPE" 
-                      android:value="Connectivity" />
-        </service>
         <service android:name=".RemoteSocketFactoryService"
              android:exported="true"/>
-
-        <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver"
-             android:exported="true">
-            <intent-filter>
-                <action android:name="android.net.conn.RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_CHANGED"/>
-                <action android:name="com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.GET_COUNTERS"/>
-                <action android:name="com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.GET_RESTRICT_BACKGROUND_STATUS"/>
-                <action android:name="com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.CHECK_NETWORK"/>
-                <action android:name="com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.SEND_NOTIFICATION"/>
-                <action android:name="com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2.action.SHOW_TOAST"/>
-                </intent-filter>
-        </receiver>
-        <service android:name=".MyJobService"
-            android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE" />
     </application>
 
     <!--
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/certs/Android.bp b/tests/cts/hostside/certs/Android.bp
deleted file mode 100644
index 301973e..0000000
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/certs/Android.bp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-package {
-    default_team: "trendy_team_fwk_core_networking",
-    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
-}
-
-android_app_certificate {
-    name: "cts-net-app",
-    certificate: "cts-net-app",
-}
diff --git a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkTestCase.java b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkTestCase.java
index d7dfa80..69d61b3 100644
--- a/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkTestCase.java
+++ b/tests/cts/hostside/src/com/android/cts/net/HostsideNetworkTestCase.java
@@ -16,15 +16,10 @@
 
 package com.android.cts.net;
 
-import static com.android.cts.net.arguments.InstrumentationArguments.ARG_CONNECTION_CHECK_CUSTOM_URL;
-
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
-import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
-import com.android.ddmlib.Log;
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.testing.DeviceSdkLevel;
-import com.android.tradefed.config.Option;
 import com.android.tradefed.device.DeviceNotAvailableException;
 import com.android.tradefed.invoker.TestInformation;
 import com.android.tradefed.targetprep.BuildError;
@@ -34,27 +29,17 @@
 import com.android.tradefed.testtype.junit4.AfterClassWithInfo;
 import com.android.tradefed.testtype.junit4.BaseHostJUnit4Test;
 import com.android.tradefed.testtype.junit4.BeforeClassWithInfo;
-import com.android.tradefed.testtype.junit4.DeviceTestRunOptions;
-import com.android.tradefed.util.RunUtil;
 
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
-import java.util.Map;
-
 @RunWith(DeviceJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
 abstract class HostsideNetworkTestCase extends BaseHostJUnit4Test {
-    protected static final boolean DEBUG = false;
-    protected static final String TAG = "HostsideNetworkTests";
     protected static final String TEST_PKG = "com.android.cts.net.hostside";
     protected static final String TEST_APK = "CtsHostsideNetworkTestsApp.apk";
     protected static final String TEST_APK_NEXT = "CtsHostsideNetworkTestsAppNext.apk";
     protected static final String TEST_APP2_PKG = "com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2";
     protected static final String TEST_APP2_APK = "CtsHostsideNetworkTestsApp2.apk";
 
-    @Option(name = "custom-url", importance = Option.Importance.IF_UNSET,
-            description = "A custom url to use for testing network connections")
-    protected String mCustomUrl;
-
     @BeforeClassWithInfo
     public static void setUpOnceBase(TestInformation testInfo) throws Exception {
         DeviceSdkLevel deviceSdkLevel = new DeviceSdkLevel(testInfo.getDevice());
@@ -110,85 +95,4 @@
             throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
         uninstallPackage(getTestInformation(), packageName, shouldSucceed);
     }
-
-    protected void assertPackageUninstalled(String packageName) throws DeviceNotAvailableException,
-            InterruptedException {
-        final String command = "cmd package list packages " + packageName;
-        final int max_tries = 5;
-        for (int i = 1; i <= max_tries; i++) {
-            final String result = runCommand(command);
-            if (result.trim().isEmpty()) {
-                return;
-            }
-            // 'list packages' filters by substring, so we need to iterate with the results
-            // and check one by one, otherwise 'com.android.cts.net.hostside' could return
-            // 'com.android.cts.net.hostside.app2'
-            boolean found = false;
-            for (String line : result.split("[\\r\\n]+")) {
-                if (line.endsWith(packageName)) {
-                    found = true;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-            if (!found) {
-                return;
-            }
-            i++;
-            Log.v(TAG, "Package " + packageName + " not uninstalled yet (" + result
-                    + "); sleeping 1s before polling again");
-            RunUtil.getDefault().sleep(1000);
-        }
-        fail("Package '" + packageName + "' not uinstalled after " + max_tries + " seconds");
-    }
-
-    protected int getUid(String packageName) throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
-        final int currentUser = getDevice().getCurrentUser();
-        final String uidLines = runCommand(
-                "cmd package list packages -U --user " + currentUser + " " + packageName);
-        for (String uidLine : uidLines.split("\n")) {
-            if (uidLine.startsWith("package:" + packageName + " uid:")) {
-                final String[] uidLineParts = uidLine.split(":");
-                // 3rd entry is package uid
-                return Integer.parseInt(uidLineParts[2].trim());
-            }
-        }
-        throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to find the test app on the device; pkg="
-                + packageName + ", u=" + currentUser);
-    }
-
-    protected boolean runDeviceTestsWithCustomOptions(String packageName, String className)
-            throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
-        return runDeviceTestsWithCustomOptions(packageName, className, null);
-    }
-
-    protected boolean runDeviceTestsWithCustomOptions(String packageName, String className,
-            String methodName) throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
-        return runDeviceTestsWithCustomOptions(packageName, className, methodName, null);
-    }
-
-    protected boolean runDeviceTestsWithCustomOptions(String packageName, String className,
-            String methodName, Map<String, String> testArgs) throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
-        final DeviceTestRunOptions deviceTestRunOptions = new DeviceTestRunOptions(packageName)
-                .setTestClassName(className)
-                .setTestMethodName(methodName);
-
-        // Currently there is only one custom option that the test exposes.
-        if (mCustomUrl != null) {
-            deviceTestRunOptions.addInstrumentationArg(ARG_CONNECTION_CHECK_CUSTOM_URL, mCustomUrl);
-        }
-        // Pass over any test specific arguments.
-        if (testArgs != null) {
-            for (Map.Entry<String, String> arg : testArgs.entrySet()) {
-                deviceTestRunOptions.addInstrumentationArg(arg.getKey(), arg.getValue());
-            }
-        }
-        return runDeviceTests(deviceTestRunOptions);
-    }
-
-    protected String runCommand(String command) throws DeviceNotAvailableException {
-        Log.d(TAG, "Command: '" + command + "'");
-        final String output = getDevice().executeShellCommand(command);
-        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Output: " + output.trim());
-        return output;
-    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/Android.bp b/tests/cts/net/Android.bp
index 074c587..768ba12 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/cts/net/Android.bp
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
     ],
     jarjar_rules: "jarjar-rules-shared.txt",
     static_libs: [
+        "ApfGeneratorLib",
         "bouncycastle-unbundled",
         "FrameworksNetCommonTests",
         "core-tests-support",
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ApfIntegrationTest.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ApfIntegrationTest.kt
index 3be44f7..4621a83 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ApfIntegrationTest.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ApfIntegrationTest.kt
@@ -22,35 +22,66 @@
 import android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_DEVICE_CONFIG
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager.FEATURE_WIFI
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager
+import android.net.Network
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities
 import android.net.NetworkRequest
 import android.net.apf.ApfCapabilities
+import android.net.apf.ApfConstants.ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET
+import android.net.apf.ApfConstants.ICMP6_TYPE_OFFSET
+import android.net.apf.ApfConstants.IPV6_NEXT_HEADER_OFFSET
+import android.net.apf.ApfV4Generator
+import android.net.apf.BaseApfGenerator
+import android.net.apf.BaseApfGenerator.MemorySlot
+import android.net.apf.BaseApfGenerator.Register.R0
+import android.net.apf.BaseApfGenerator.Register.R1
 import android.os.Build
+import android.os.Handler
+import android.os.HandlerThread
 import android.os.PowerManager
 import android.platform.test.annotations.AppModeFull
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig
 import android.provider.DeviceConfig.NAMESPACE_CONNECTIVITY
+import android.system.Os
 import android.system.OsConstants
+import android.system.OsConstants.AF_INET6
+import android.system.OsConstants.ETH_P_IPV6
+import android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_ICMPV6
+import android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_DGRAM
+import android.system.OsConstants.SOCK_NONBLOCK
+import android.util.Log
+import androidx.test.filters.RequiresDevice
 import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.PropertyUtil.getVsrApiLevel
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runShellCommand
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil.runShellCommandOrThrow
 import com.android.internal.util.HexDump
+import com.android.net.module.util.PacketReader
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
 import com.android.testutils.NetworkStackModuleTest
+import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback.CallbackEntry.Available
 import com.android.testutils.RecorderCallback.CallbackEntry.LinkPropertiesChanged
 import com.android.testutils.SkipPresubmit
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallback
 import com.android.testutils.runAsShell
+import com.android.testutils.waitForIdle
+import com.google.common.truth.Expect
 import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
 import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertWithMessage
 import com.google.common.truth.TruthJUnit.assume
+import java.io.FileDescriptor
 import java.lang.Thread
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException
 import kotlin.random.Random
+import kotlin.test.assertFailsWith
 import kotlin.test.assertNotNull
 import org.junit.After
+import org.junit.AfterClass
 import org.junit.Before
 import org.junit.BeforeClass
 import org.junit.Rule
@@ -61,16 +92,57 @@
 private const val TIMEOUT_MS = 2000L
 private const val APF_NEW_RA_FILTER_VERSION = "apf_new_ra_filter_version"
 private const val POLLING_INTERVAL_MS: Int = 100
+private const val RCV_BUFFER_SIZE = 1480
+private const val PING_HEADER_LENGTH = 8
 
 @AppModeFull(reason = "CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE permission can't be granted to instant apps")
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
+@RequiresDevice
 @NetworkStackModuleTest
+// ByteArray.toHexString is experimental API
+@kotlin.ExperimentalStdlibApi
 class ApfIntegrationTest {
     companion object {
+        private val PING_DESTINATION = InetSocketAddress("2001:4860:4860::8888", 0)
+
+        private val context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().context
+        private val powerManager = context.getSystemService(PowerManager::class.java)!!
+        private val wakeLock = powerManager.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, TAG)
+
+        fun pollingCheck(condition: () -> Boolean, timeout_ms: Int): Boolean {
+            var polling_time = 0
+            do {
+                Thread.sleep(POLLING_INTERVAL_MS.toLong())
+                polling_time += POLLING_INTERVAL_MS
+                if (condition()) return true
+            } while (polling_time < timeout_ms)
+            return false
+        }
+
+        fun turnScreenOff() {
+            if (!wakeLock.isHeld()) wakeLock.acquire()
+            runShellCommandOrThrow("input keyevent KEYCODE_SLEEP")
+            val result = pollingCheck({ !powerManager.isInteractive() }, timeout_ms = 2000)
+            assertThat(result).isTrue()
+        }
+
+        fun turnScreenOn() {
+            if (wakeLock.isHeld()) wakeLock.release()
+            runShellCommandOrThrow("input keyevent KEYCODE_WAKEUP")
+            val result = pollingCheck({ powerManager.isInteractive() }, timeout_ms = 2000)
+            assertThat(result).isTrue()
+        }
+
         @BeforeClass
         @JvmStatic
         @Suppress("ktlint:standard:no-multi-spaces")
         fun setupOnce() {
+            // TODO: assertions thrown in @BeforeClass / @AfterClass are not well supported in the
+            // test infrastructure. Consider saving excepion and throwing it in setUp().
+            // APF must run when the screen is off and the device is not interactive.
+            turnScreenOff()
+            // Wait for APF to become active.
+            Thread.sleep(1000)
             // TODO: check that there is no active wifi network. Otherwise, ApfFilter has already been
             // created.
             // APF adb cmds are only implemented in ApfFilter.java. Enable experiment to prevent
@@ -84,19 +156,96 @@
                 )
             }
         }
+
+        @AfterClass
+        @JvmStatic
+        fun tearDownOnce() {
+            turnScreenOn()
+        }
     }
 
-    @get:Rule
-    val ignoreRule = DevSdkIgnoreRule()
+    class Icmp6PacketReader(
+            handler: Handler,
+            private val network: Network
+    ) : PacketReader(handler, RCV_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+        private var sockFd: FileDescriptor? = null
+        private var futureReply: CompletableFuture<ByteArray>? = null
 
-    private val context by lazy { InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().context }
+        override fun createFd(): FileDescriptor {
+            // sockFd is closed by calling super.stop()
+            val sock = Os.socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM or SOCK_NONBLOCK, IPPROTO_ICMPV6)
+            // APF runs only on WiFi, so make sure the socket is bound to the right network.
+            network.bindSocket(sock)
+            sockFd = sock
+            return sock
+        }
+
+        override fun handlePacket(recvbuf: ByteArray, length: Int) {
+            // If zero-length or Type is not echo reply: ignore.
+            if (length == 0 || recvbuf[0] != 0x81.toByte()) {
+                return
+            }
+            // Only copy the ping data and complete the future.
+            val result = recvbuf.sliceArray(8..<length)
+            Log.i(TAG, "Received ping reply: ${result.toHexString()}")
+            futureReply!!.complete(recvbuf.sliceArray(8..<length))
+        }
+
+        fun sendPing(data: ByteArray) {
+            require(data.size == 56)
+
+            // rfc4443#section-4.1: Echo Request Message
+            //   0                   1                   2                   3
+            //   0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+            //  +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+            //  |     Type      |     Code      |          Checksum             |
+            //  +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+            //  |           Identifier          |        Sequence Number        |
+            //  +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+            //  |     Data ...
+            //  +-+-+-+-+-
+            val icmp6Header = byteArrayOf(0x80.toByte(), 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00)
+            val packet = icmp6Header + data
+            Log.i(TAG, "Sent ping: ${packet.toHexString()}")
+            futureReply = CompletableFuture<ByteArray>()
+            Os.sendto(sockFd!!, packet, 0, packet.size, 0, PING_DESTINATION)
+        }
+
+        fun expectPingReply(): ByteArray {
+            return futureReply!!.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+        }
+
+        fun expectPingDropped() {
+            assertFailsWith(TimeoutException::class) {
+                futureReply!!.get(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+            }
+        }
+
+        override fun start(): Boolean {
+            // Ignore the fact start() could return false or throw an exception.
+            handler.post({ super.start() })
+            handler.waitForIdle(TIMEOUT_MS)
+            return true
+        }
+
+        override fun stop() {
+            handler.post({ super.stop() })
+            handler.waitForIdle(TIMEOUT_MS)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @get:Rule val ignoreRule = DevSdkIgnoreRule()
+    @get:Rule val expect = Expect.create()
+
     private val cm by lazy { context.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager::class.java)!! }
     private val pm by lazy { context.packageManager }
-    private val powerManager by lazy { context.getSystemService(PowerManager::class.java)!! }
-    private val wakeLock by lazy { powerManager.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, TAG) }
+    private lateinit var network: Network
     private lateinit var ifname: String
     private lateinit var networkCallback: TestableNetworkCallback
     private lateinit var caps: ApfCapabilities
+    private val handlerThread = HandlerThread("$TAG handler thread").apply { start() }
+    private val handler = Handler(handlerThread.looper)
+    private lateinit var packetReader: Icmp6PacketReader
 
     fun getApfCapabilities(): ApfCapabilities {
         val caps = runShellCommand("cmd network_stack apf $ifname capabilities").trim()
@@ -107,36 +256,9 @@
         return ApfCapabilities(version, maxLen, packetFormat)
     }
 
-    fun pollingCheck(condition: () -> Boolean, timeout_ms: Int): Boolean {
-        var polling_time = 0
-        do {
-            Thread.sleep(POLLING_INTERVAL_MS.toLong())
-            polling_time += POLLING_INTERVAL_MS
-            if (condition()) return true
-        } while (polling_time < timeout_ms)
-        return false
-    }
-
-    fun turnScreenOff() {
-        if (!wakeLock.isHeld()) wakeLock.acquire()
-        runShellCommandOrThrow("input keyevent KEYCODE_SLEEP")
-        val result = pollingCheck({ !powerManager.isInteractive() }, timeout_ms = 2000)
-        assertThat(result).isTrue()
-    }
-
-    fun turnScreenOn() {
-        if (wakeLock.isHeld()) wakeLock.release()
-        runShellCommandOrThrow("input keyevent KEYCODE_WAKEUP")
-        val result = pollingCheck({ powerManager.isInteractive() }, timeout_ms = 2000)
-        assertThat(result).isTrue()
-    }
-
     @Before
     fun setUp() {
         assume().that(pm.hasSystemFeature(FEATURE_WIFI)).isTrue()
-        // APF must run when the screen is off and the device is not interactive.
-        // TODO: consider running some of the tests with screen on (capabilities, read / write).
-        turnScreenOff()
 
         networkCallback = TestableNetworkCallback()
         cm.requestNetwork(
@@ -146,6 +268,7 @@
                         .build(),
                 networkCallback
         )
+        network = networkCallback.expect<Available>().network
         networkCallback.eventuallyExpect<LinkPropertiesChanged>(TIMEOUT_MS) {
             ifname = assertNotNull(it.lp.interfaceName)
             true
@@ -155,17 +278,25 @@
         // respective VSR releases and all other tests are based on the capabilities indicated.
         runShellCommand("cmd network_stack apf $ifname pause")
         caps = getApfCapabilities()
+
+        packetReader = Icmp6PacketReader(handler, network)
+        packetReader.start()
     }
 
     @After
     fun tearDown() {
+        if (::packetReader.isInitialized) {
+            packetReader.stop()
+        }
+        handlerThread.quitSafely()
+        handlerThread.join()
+
         if (::ifname.isInitialized) {
             runShellCommand("cmd network_stack apf $ifname resume")
         }
         if (::networkCallback.isInitialized) {
             cm.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback)
         }
-        turnScreenOn()
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -203,7 +334,7 @@
     }
 
     fun installProgram(bytes: ByteArray) {
-        val prog = HexDump.toHexString(bytes, 0 /* offset */, bytes.size, false /* upperCase */)
+        val prog = bytes.toHexString()
         val result = runShellCommandOrThrow("cmd network_stack apf $ifname install $prog").trim()
         // runShellCommandOrThrow only throws on S+.
         assertThat(result).isEqualTo("success")
@@ -236,4 +367,103 @@
             assertWithMessage("read/write $i byte prog failed").that(readResult).isEqualTo(program)
         }
     }
+
+    fun ApfV4Generator.addPassIfNotIcmpv6EchoReply() {
+        // If not IPv6 -> PASS
+        addLoad16(R0, ETH_ETHERTYPE_OFFSET)
+        addJumpIfR0NotEquals(ETH_P_IPV6.toLong(), BaseApfGenerator.PASS_LABEL)
+
+        // If not ICMPv6 -> PASS
+        addLoad8(R0, IPV6_NEXT_HEADER_OFFSET)
+        addJumpIfR0NotEquals(IPPROTO_ICMPV6.toLong(), BaseApfGenerator.PASS_LABEL)
+
+        // If not echo reply -> PASS
+        addLoad8(R0, ICMP6_TYPE_OFFSET)
+        addJumpIfR0NotEquals(0x81, BaseApfGenerator.PASS_LABEL)
+    }
+
+    // APF integration is mostly broken before V
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
+    @Test
+    fun testDropPingReply() {
+        assumeApfVersionSupportAtLeast(4)
+
+        // clear any active APF filter
+        var gen = ApfV4Generator(4).addPass()
+        installProgram(gen.generate())
+        readProgram() // wait for install completion
+
+        // Assert that initial ping does not get filtered.
+        val data = ByteArray(56).also { Random.nextBytes(it) }
+        packetReader.sendPing(data)
+        assertThat(packetReader.expectPingReply()).isEqualTo(data)
+
+        // Generate an APF program that drops the next ping
+        gen = ApfV4Generator(4)
+
+        // If not ICMPv6 Echo Reply -> PASS
+        gen.addPassIfNotIcmpv6EchoReply()
+
+        // if not data matches -> PASS
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(R0, ICMP6_TYPE_OFFSET + PING_HEADER_LENGTH)
+        gen.addJumpIfBytesAtR0NotEqual(data, BaseApfGenerator.PASS_LABEL)
+
+        // else DROP
+        gen.addJump(BaseApfGenerator.DROP_LABEL)
+
+        val program = gen.generate()
+        installProgram(program)
+        readProgram() // wait for install completion
+
+        packetReader.sendPing(data)
+        packetReader.expectPingDropped()
+    }
+
+    fun clearApfMemory() = installProgram(ByteArray(caps.maximumApfProgramSize))
+
+    // APF integration is mostly broken before V
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
+    @Test
+    fun testPrefilledMemorySlotsV4() {
+        // Test v4 memory slots on both v4 and v6 interpreters.
+        assumeApfVersionSupportAtLeast(4)
+        clearApfMemory()
+        val gen = ApfV4Generator(4)
+
+        // If not ICMPv6 Echo Reply -> PASS
+        gen.addPassIfNotIcmpv6EchoReply()
+
+        // Store all prefilled memory slots in counter region [500, 520)
+        val counterRegion = 500
+        gen.addLoadImmediate(R1, counterRegion)
+        gen.addLoadFromMemory(R0, MemorySlot.PROGRAM_SIZE)
+        gen.addStoreData(R0, 0)
+        gen.addLoadFromMemory(R0, MemorySlot.RAM_LEN)
+        gen.addStoreData(R0, 4)
+        gen.addLoadFromMemory(R0, MemorySlot.IPV4_HEADER_SIZE)
+        gen.addStoreData(R0, 8)
+        gen.addLoadFromMemory(R0, MemorySlot.PACKET_SIZE)
+        gen.addStoreData(R0, 12)
+        gen.addLoadFromMemory(R0, MemorySlot.FILTER_AGE_SECONDS)
+        gen.addStoreData(R0, 16)
+
+        val program = gen.generate()
+        assertThat(program.size).isLessThan(counterRegion)
+        installProgram(program)
+        readProgram() // wait for install completion
+
+        // Trigger the program by sending a ping and waiting on the reply.
+        val data = ByteArray(56).also { Random.nextBytes(it) }
+        packetReader.sendPing(data)
+        packetReader.expectPingReply()
+
+        val readResult = readProgram()
+        val buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(readResult, counterRegion, 20 /* length */)
+        expect.withMessage("PROGRAM_SIZE").that(buffer.getInt()).isEqualTo(program.size)
+        expect.withMessage("RAM_LEN").that(buffer.getInt()).isEqualTo(caps.maximumApfProgramSize)
+        expect.withMessage("IPV4_HEADER_SIZE").that(buffer.getInt()).isEqualTo(0)
+        // Ping packet (64) + IPv6 header (40) + ethernet header (14)
+        expect.withMessage("PACKET_SIZE").that(buffer.getInt()).isEqualTo(64 + 40 + 14)
+        expect.withMessage("FILTER_AGE_SECONDS").that(buffer.getInt()).isLessThan(5)
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
index c0f1080..5ed4696 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
@@ -213,6 +213,7 @@
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
@@ -3556,6 +3557,8 @@
         doTestFirewallBlocking(FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE, ALLOWLIST);
     }
 
+    // Disable test - needs to be fixed
+    @Ignore
     @Test @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE) @ConnectivityModuleTest
     @AppModeFull(reason = "Socket cannot bind in instant app mode")
     public void testFirewallBlockingBackground() {
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetManagerTest.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetManagerTest.kt
index d052551..6fa2812 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetManagerTest.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/EthernetManagerTest.kt
@@ -905,13 +905,17 @@
         val iface = createInterface()
         val listener = EthernetStateListener()
         addInterfaceStateListener(listener)
+        // Uses eventuallyExpect to account for interfaces that could already exist on device
+        listener.eventuallyExpect(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
+
+        disableInterface(iface).expectResult(iface.name)
+        listener.eventuallyExpect(iface, STATE_LINK_DOWN, ROLE_CLIENT)
+
+        enableInterface(iface).expectResult(iface.name)
         listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
 
         disableInterface(iface).expectResult(iface.name)
         listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_LINK_DOWN, ROLE_CLIENT)
-
-        enableInterface(iface).expectResult(iface.name)
-        listener.expectCallback(iface, STATE_LINK_UP, ROLE_CLIENT)
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/IpSecManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/IpSecManagerTest.java
index b703f77..b5f43d3 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/IpSecManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/IpSecManagerTest.java
@@ -69,9 +69,11 @@
 import android.net.IpSecManager.SecurityParameterIndex;
 import android.net.IpSecManager.UdpEncapsulationSocket;
 import android.net.IpSecTransform;
+import android.net.IpSecTransformState;
 import android.net.NetworkUtils;
 import android.net.TrafficStats;
 import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.OutcomeReceiver;
 import android.platform.test.annotations.AppModeFull;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
 import android.system.Os;
@@ -101,6 +103,9 @@
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Map.Entry;
 import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
 @ConnectivityModuleTest
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@@ -1654,4 +1659,37 @@
                     newReplayBitmap(expectedPacketCount));
         }
     }
+
+    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
+    @Test
+    public void testRequestIpSecTransformStateOnClosedTransform() throws Exception {
+        assumeRequestIpSecTransformStateSupported();
+
+        final InetAddress localAddr = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(IPV6_LOOPBACK);
+        final CompletableFuture<RuntimeException> futureError = new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+        try (SecurityParameterIndex spi = mISM.allocateSecurityParameterIndex(localAddr);
+                IpSecTransform transform =
+                        buildTransportModeTransform(spi, localAddr, null /* encapSocket*/)) {
+            transform.close();
+
+            transform.requestIpSecTransformState(
+                    Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(),
+                    new OutcomeReceiver<IpSecTransformState, RuntimeException>() {
+                        @Override
+                        public void onResult(IpSecTransformState state) {
+                            fail("Expect to fail but received a state");
+                        }
+
+                        @Override
+                        public void onError(RuntimeException error) {
+                            futureError.complete(error);
+                        }
+                    });
+
+            assertTrue(
+                    futureError.get(SOCK_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+                            instanceof IllegalStateException);
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/MdnsTestUtils.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/MdnsTestUtils.kt
index 5ba6c4c..93cec9c 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/MdnsTestUtils.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/MdnsTestUtils.kt
@@ -287,6 +287,12 @@
 ): TestDnsPacket? = pollForMdnsPacket(timeoutMs) { it.isQueryFor(recordName, *requiredTypes) }
 
 fun TapPacketReader.pollForReply(
+    recordName: String,
+    type: Int,
+    timeoutMs: Long = MDNS_REGISTRATION_TIMEOUT_MS
+): TestDnsPacket? = pollForMdnsPacket(timeoutMs) { it.isReplyFor(recordName, type) }
+
+fun TapPacketReader.pollForReply(
     serviceName: String,
     serviceType: String,
     timeoutMs: Long = MDNS_REGISTRATION_TIMEOUT_MS
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/MultinetworkApiTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/MultinetworkApiTest.java
index 73f65e0..06a827b 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/MultinetworkApiTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/MultinetworkApiTest.java
@@ -265,6 +265,14 @@
      * Get all testable Networks with internet capability.
      */
     private Set<Network> getTestableNetworks() throws InterruptedException {
+        // Calling requestNetwork() to request a cell or Wi-Fi network via CtsNetUtils or
+        // NetworkCallbackRule requires the CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE permission. This permission cannot
+        // be granted to instant apps. Therefore, return currently available testable networks
+        // directly in instant mode.
+        if (mContext.getApplicationInfo().isInstantApp()) {
+            return new ArraySet<>(mCtsNetUtils.getTestableNetworks());
+        }
+
         // Obtain cell and Wi-Fi through CtsNetUtils (which uses NetworkCallbacks), as they may have
         // just been reconnected by the test using NetworkCallbacks, so synchronous calls may not
         // yet return them (synchronous calls and callbacks should not be mixed for a given
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NsdManagerTest.kt b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NsdManagerTest.kt
index 6dd4857..6394599 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NsdManagerTest.kt
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/NsdManagerTest.kt
@@ -81,7 +81,9 @@
 import com.android.compatibility.common.util.SystemUtil
 import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel.isAtLeastU
 import com.android.net.module.util.DnsPacket
+import com.android.net.module.util.DnsPacket.ANSECTION
 import com.android.net.module.util.HexDump
+import com.android.net.module.util.HexDump.hexStringToByteArray
 import com.android.net.module.util.NetworkStackConstants.IPV6_ADDR_LEN
 import com.android.net.module.util.PacketBuilder
 import com.android.testutils.ConnectivityModuleTest
@@ -96,6 +98,7 @@
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkAgent
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkAgent.CallbackEntry.OnNetworkCreated
 import com.android.testutils.TestableNetworkCallback
+import com.android.testutils.assertContainsExactly
 import com.android.testutils.assertEmpty
 import com.android.testutils.filters.CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk30
 import com.android.testutils.filters.CtsNetTestCasesMaxTargetSdk33
@@ -127,6 +130,7 @@
 import org.junit.Rule
 import org.junit.Test
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import kotlin.test.assertNotEquals
 
 private const val TAG = "NsdManagerTest"
 private const val TIMEOUT_MS = 2000L
@@ -138,6 +142,9 @@
 private const val DBG = false
 private const val TEST_PORT = 12345
 private const val MDNS_PORT = 5353.toShort()
+private const val TYPE_KEY = 25
+private const val QCLASS_INTERNET = 0x0001
+private const val NAME_RECORDS_TTL_MILLIS: Long = 120
 private val multicastIpv6Addr = parseNumericAddress("ff02::fb") as Inet6Address
 private val testSrcAddr = parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::123") as Inet6Address
 
@@ -167,6 +174,12 @@
     private val serviceType2 = "_nmt%09d._tcp".format(Random().nextInt(1_000_000_000))
     private val customHostname = "NsdTestHost%09d".format(Random().nextInt(1_000_000_000))
     private val customHostname2 = "NsdTestHost%09d".format(Random().nextInt(1_000_000_000))
+    private val publicKey = hexStringToByteArray(
+            "0201030dc141d0637960b98cbc12cfca"
+                    + "221d2879dac26ee5b460e9007c992e19"
+                    + "02d897c391b03764d448f7d0c772fdb0"
+                    + "3b1d9d6d52ff8886769e8e2362513565"
+                    + "270962d3")
     private val handlerThread = HandlerThread(NsdManagerTest::class.java.simpleName)
     private val ctsNetUtils by lazy{ CtsNetUtils(context) }
 
@@ -1451,10 +1464,8 @@
         handlerThread.waitForIdle(TIMEOUT_MS)
 
         tryTest {
-            repeat(3) {
-                assertNotNull(packetReader.pollForAdvertisement(serviceName, serviceType),
-                        "Expect 3 announcements sent after initial probing")
-            }
+            assertNotNull(packetReader.pollForAdvertisement(serviceName, serviceType),
+                "No announcements sent after initial probing")
 
             assertEquals(si.serviceName, registeredService.serviceName)
             assertEquals(si.hostname, registeredService.hostname)
@@ -2027,7 +2038,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testAdvertisingAndDiscovery_multipleRegistrationsForSameCustomHost_unionOfAddressesFound() {
+    fun testAdvertisingAndDiscovery_multipleRegistrationsForSameCustomHost_hostRenamed() {
         val hostAddresses1 = listOf(
                 parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.23"),
                 parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::1"),
@@ -2035,9 +2046,6 @@
         val hostAddresses2 = listOf(
                 parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.24"),
                 parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::3"))
-        val hostAddresses3 = listOf(
-                parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::3"),
-                parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::5"))
         val si1 = NsdServiceInfo().also {
             it.network = testNetwork1.network
             it.hostname = customHostname
@@ -2051,18 +2059,9 @@
             it.hostname = customHostname
             it.hostAddresses = hostAddresses2
         }
-        val si3 = NsdServiceInfo().also {
-            it.network = testNetwork1.network
-            it.serviceName = serviceName3
-            it.serviceType = serviceType
-            it.port = TEST_PORT + 1
-            it.hostname = customHostname
-            it.hostAddresses = hostAddresses3
-        }
 
         val registrationRecord1 = NsdRegistrationRecord()
         val registrationRecord2 = NsdRegistrationRecord()
-        val registrationRecord3 = NsdRegistrationRecord()
 
         val discoveryRecord = NsdDiscoveryRecord()
         tryTest {
@@ -2072,27 +2071,13 @@
             nsdManager.discoverServices(serviceType, NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD,
                     testNetwork1.network, Executor { it.run() }, discoveryRecord)
 
-            val discoveredInfo1 = discoveryRecord.waitForServiceDiscovered(
+            val discoveredInfo = discoveryRecord.waitForServiceDiscovered(
                     serviceName, serviceType, testNetwork1.network)
-            val resolvedInfo1 = resolveService(discoveredInfo1)
+            val resolvedInfo = resolveService(discoveredInfo)
 
-            assertEquals(TEST_PORT, resolvedInfo1.port)
-            assertEquals(si1.hostname, resolvedInfo1.hostname)
-            assertAddressEquals(
-                    hostAddresses1 + hostAddresses2,
-                    resolvedInfo1.hostAddresses)
-
-            registerService(registrationRecord3, si3)
-
-            val discoveredInfo2 = discoveryRecord.waitForServiceDiscovered(
-                    serviceName3, serviceType, testNetwork1.network)
-            val resolvedInfo2 = resolveService(discoveredInfo2)
-
-            assertEquals(TEST_PORT + 1, resolvedInfo2.port)
-            assertEquals(si2.hostname, resolvedInfo2.hostname)
-            assertAddressEquals(
-                    hostAddresses1 + hostAddresses2 + hostAddresses3,
-                    resolvedInfo2.hostAddresses)
+            assertEquals(TEST_PORT, resolvedInfo.port)
+            assertNotEquals(si1.hostname, resolvedInfo.hostname)
+            assertAddressEquals(hostAddresses2, resolvedInfo.hostAddresses)
         } cleanupStep {
             nsdManager.stopServiceDiscovery(discoveryRecord)
 
@@ -2100,7 +2085,6 @@
         } cleanup {
             nsdManager.unregisterService(registrationRecord1)
             nsdManager.unregisterService(registrationRecord2)
-            nsdManager.unregisterService(registrationRecord3)
         }
     }
 
@@ -2266,6 +2250,165 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    fun testAdvertising_registerServiceAndPublicKey_keyAnnounced() {
+        val si = NsdServiceInfo().also {
+            it.network = testNetwork1.network
+            it.serviceType = serviceType
+            it.serviceName = serviceName
+            it.port = TEST_PORT
+            it.publicKey = publicKey
+        }
+        val packetReader = TapPacketReader(Handler(handlerThread.looper),
+                testNetwork1.iface.fileDescriptor.fileDescriptor, 1500 /* maxPacketSize */)
+        packetReader.startAsyncForTest()
+        handlerThread.waitForIdle(TIMEOUT_MS)
+
+        val registrationRecord = NsdRegistrationRecord()
+        val discoveryRecord = NsdDiscoveryRecord()
+        tryTest {
+            registerService(registrationRecord, si)
+
+            val announcement = packetReader.pollForReply(
+                "$serviceName.$serviceType.local",
+                TYPE_KEY
+            )
+            assertNotNull(announcement)
+            val keyRecords = announcement.records[ANSECTION].filter { it.nsType == TYPE_KEY }
+            assertEquals(1, keyRecords.size)
+            val actualRecord = keyRecords.get(0)
+            assertEquals(TYPE_KEY, actualRecord.nsType)
+            assertEquals("$serviceName.$serviceType.local", actualRecord.dName)
+            assertEquals(NAME_RECORDS_TTL_MILLIS, actualRecord.ttl)
+            assertArrayEquals(publicKey, actualRecord.rr)
+
+            nsdManager.discoverServices(serviceType, NsdManager.PROTOCOL_DNS_SD,
+                    testNetwork1.network, Executor { it.run() }, discoveryRecord)
+
+            val discoveredInfo1 = discoveryRecord.waitForServiceDiscovered(
+                    serviceName, serviceType, testNetwork1.network)
+            val resolvedInfo1 = resolveService(discoveredInfo1)
+
+            assertEquals(serviceName, discoveredInfo1.serviceName)
+            assertEquals(TEST_PORT, resolvedInfo1.port)
+        } cleanupStep {
+            nsdManager.stopServiceDiscovery(discoveryRecord)
+
+            discoveryRecord.expectCallback<DiscoveryStopped>()
+        } cleanup {
+            nsdManager.unregisterService(registrationRecord)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testAdvertising_registerCustomHostAndPublicKey_keyAnnounced() {
+        val si = NsdServiceInfo().also {
+            it.network = testNetwork1.network
+            it.hostname = customHostname
+            it.hostAddresses = listOf(
+                    parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.23"),
+                    parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::1"),
+                    parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::2"))
+            it.publicKey = publicKey
+        }
+        val packetReader = TapPacketReader(Handler(handlerThread.looper),
+                testNetwork1.iface.fileDescriptor.fileDescriptor, 1500 /* maxPacketSize */)
+        packetReader.startAsyncForTest()
+        handlerThread.waitForIdle(TIMEOUT_MS)
+
+        val registrationRecord = NsdRegistrationRecord()
+        tryTest {
+            registerService(registrationRecord, si)
+
+            val announcement = packetReader.pollForReply("$customHostname.local", TYPE_KEY)
+            assertNotNull(announcement)
+            val keyRecords = announcement.records[ANSECTION].filter { it.nsType == TYPE_KEY }
+            assertEquals(1, keyRecords.size)
+            val actualRecord = keyRecords.get(0)
+            assertEquals(TYPE_KEY, actualRecord.nsType)
+            assertEquals("$customHostname.local", actualRecord.dName)
+            assertEquals(NAME_RECORDS_TTL_MILLIS, actualRecord.ttl)
+            assertArrayEquals(publicKey, actualRecord.rr)
+
+            // This test case focuses on key announcement so we don't check the details of the
+            // announcement of the custom host addresses.
+            val addressRecords = announcement.records[ANSECTION].filter {
+                it.nsType == DnsResolver.TYPE_AAAA ||
+                        it.nsType == DnsResolver.TYPE_A
+            }
+            assertEquals(3, addressRecords.size)
+        } cleanup {
+            nsdManager.unregisterService(registrationRecord)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testAdvertising_registerTwoServicesWithSameCustomHostAndPublicKey_keyAnnounced() {
+        val si1 = NsdServiceInfo().also {
+            it.network = testNetwork1.network
+            it.serviceType = serviceType
+            it.serviceName = serviceName
+            it.port = TEST_PORT
+            it.hostname = customHostname
+            it.hostAddresses = listOf(
+                parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.23"),
+                parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::1"),
+                parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::2"))
+            it.publicKey = publicKey
+        }
+        val si2 = NsdServiceInfo().also {
+            it.network = testNetwork1.network
+            it.serviceType = serviceType2
+            it.serviceName = serviceName2
+            it.port = TEST_PORT + 1
+            it.hostname = customHostname
+            it.hostAddresses = listOf()
+            it.publicKey = publicKey
+        }
+        val packetReader = TapPacketReader(Handler(handlerThread.looper),
+            testNetwork1.iface.fileDescriptor.fileDescriptor, 1500 /* maxPacketSize */)
+        packetReader.startAsyncForTest()
+        handlerThread.waitForIdle(TIMEOUT_MS)
+
+        val registrationRecord1 = NsdRegistrationRecord()
+        val registrationRecord2 = NsdRegistrationRecord()
+        tryTest {
+            registerService(registrationRecord1, si1)
+
+            var announcement =
+                packetReader.pollForReply("$serviceName.$serviceType.local", TYPE_KEY)
+            assertNotNull(announcement)
+            var keyRecords = announcement.records[ANSECTION].filter { it.nsType == TYPE_KEY }
+            assertEquals(2, keyRecords.size)
+            assertTrue(keyRecords.any { it.dName == "$serviceName.$serviceType.local" })
+            assertTrue(keyRecords.any { it.dName == "$customHostname.local" })
+            assertTrue(keyRecords.all { it.ttl == NAME_RECORDS_TTL_MILLIS })
+            assertTrue(keyRecords.all { it.rr.contentEquals(publicKey) })
+
+            // This test case focuses on key announcement so we don't check the details of the
+            // announcement of the custom host addresses.
+            val addressRecords = announcement.records[ANSECTION].filter {
+                it.nsType == DnsResolver.TYPE_AAAA ||
+                        it.nsType == DnsResolver.TYPE_A
+            }
+            assertEquals(3, addressRecords.size)
+
+            registerService(registrationRecord2, si2)
+
+            announcement = packetReader.pollForReply("$serviceName2.$serviceType2.local", TYPE_KEY)
+            assertNotNull(announcement)
+            keyRecords = announcement.records[ANSECTION].filter { it.nsType == TYPE_KEY }
+            assertEquals(2, keyRecords.size)
+            assertTrue(keyRecords.any { it.dName == "$serviceName2.$serviceType2.local" })
+            assertTrue(keyRecords.any { it.dName == "$customHostname.local" })
+            assertTrue(keyRecords.all { it.ttl == NAME_RECORDS_TTL_MILLIS })
+            assertTrue(keyRecords.all { it.rr.contentEquals(publicKey) })
+        } cleanup {
+            nsdManager.unregisterService(registrationRecord1)
+            nsdManager.unregisterService(registrationRecord2)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
     fun testServiceTypeClientRemovedAfterSocketDestroyed() {
         val si = makeTestServiceInfo(testNetwork1.network)
         // Register service on testNetwork1
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStackBpfNetMapsTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStackBpfNetMapsTest.kt
index a9ccbdd..b5d78f3 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStackBpfNetMapsTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/NetworkStackBpfNetMapsTest.kt
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@
 import android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.DATA_SAVER_ENABLED_KEY
 import android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.DOZABLE_MATCH
 import android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.HAPPY_BOX_MATCH
-import android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.PENALTY_BOX_MATCH
+import android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH
+import android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH
 import android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.STANDBY_MATCH
 import android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY
 import android.net.BpfNetMapsUtils.getMatchByFirewallChain
@@ -48,9 +49,9 @@
 private const val TEST_UID3 = TEST_UID2 + 1
 private const val NO_IIF = 0
 
-// pre-T devices does not support Bpf.
+// NetworkStack can not use this before U due to b/326143935
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
-@IgnoreUpTo(VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
+@IgnoreUpTo(VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU)
 class NetworkStackBpfNetMapsTest {
     @Rule
     @JvmField
@@ -102,14 +103,18 @@
         }
         // Verify the size matches, this also verifies no common item in allow and deny chains.
         assertEquals(
-            BpfNetMapsConstants.ALLOW_CHAINS.size +
-                BpfNetMapsConstants.DENY_CHAINS.size,
+                BpfNetMapsConstants.ALLOW_CHAINS.size +
+                        BpfNetMapsConstants.DENY_CHAINS.size +
+                        BpfNetMapsConstants.METERED_ALLOW_CHAINS.size +
+                        BpfNetMapsConstants.METERED_DENY_CHAINS.size,
             declaredChains.size
         )
         declaredChains.forEach {
             assertTrue(
-                BpfNetMapsConstants.ALLOW_CHAINS.contains(it.get(null)) ||
-                    BpfNetMapsConstants.DENY_CHAINS.contains(it.get(null))
+                    BpfNetMapsConstants.ALLOW_CHAINS.contains(it.get(null)) ||
+                            BpfNetMapsConstants.METERED_ALLOW_CHAINS.contains(it.get(null)) ||
+                            BpfNetMapsConstants.DENY_CHAINS.contains(it.get(null)) ||
+                            BpfNetMapsConstants.METERED_DENY_CHAINS.contains(it.get(null))
             )
         }
     }
@@ -190,7 +195,16 @@
 
         // Add uid1 to penalty box, verify the network is blocked for uid1, while uid2 is not
         // affected.
-        testUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(S32(TEST_UID1), UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH))
+        testUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(S32(TEST_UID1), UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH))
+        assertTrue(isUidNetworkingBlocked(TEST_UID1, metered = true))
+        assertFalse(isUidNetworkingBlocked(TEST_UID2, metered = true))
+        testUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(S32(TEST_UID1), UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH))
+        assertTrue(isUidNetworkingBlocked(TEST_UID1, metered = true))
+        assertFalse(isUidNetworkingBlocked(TEST_UID2, metered = true))
+        testUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(
+                S32(TEST_UID1),
+                UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH or PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH)
+        )
         assertTrue(isUidNetworkingBlocked(TEST_UID1, metered = true))
         assertFalse(isUidNetworkingBlocked(TEST_UID2, metered = true))
 
@@ -206,7 +220,14 @@
         // priority.
         testUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(
             S32(TEST_UID1),
-            UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH or HAPPY_BOX_MATCH)
+            UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH or HAPPY_BOX_MATCH)
+        )
+        assertTrue(isUidNetworkingBlocked(TEST_UID1, metered = true))
+        assertTrue(isUidNetworkingBlocked(TEST_UID2, metered = true))
+        assertFalse(isUidNetworkingBlocked(TEST_UID3, metered = true))
+        testUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(
+                S32(TEST_UID1),
+                UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH or HAPPY_BOX_MATCH)
         )
         assertTrue(isUidNetworkingBlocked(TEST_UID1, metered = true))
         assertTrue(isUidNetworkingBlocked(TEST_UID2, metered = true))
@@ -240,7 +261,7 @@
         for (uid in FIRST_APPLICATION_UID - 5..FIRST_APPLICATION_UID + 5) {
             // system uid is not blocked regardless of firewall chains
             val expectBlocked = uid >= FIRST_APPLICATION_UID
-            testUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(S32(uid), UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH))
+            testUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(S32(uid), UidOwnerValue(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH))
             assertEquals(
                 expectBlocked,
                     isUidNetworkingBlocked(uid, metered = true),
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java b/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java
index 27c4561..9c812a1 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/android/net/nsd/NsdManagerTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,11 @@
 
 package android.net.nsd;
 
+import static android.net.InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress;
+import static android.net.nsd.NsdManager.checkServiceInfoForRegistration;
+
+import static com.android.net.module.util.HexDump.hexStringToByteArray;
+
 import static libcore.junit.util.compat.CoreCompatChangeRule.DisableCompatChanges;
 import static libcore.junit.util.compat.CoreCompatChangeRule.EnableCompatChanges;
 
@@ -54,6 +59,7 @@
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
 import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.time.Duration;
 
@@ -395,6 +401,7 @@
         NsdManager.RegistrationListener listener4 = mock(NsdManager.RegistrationListener.class);
         NsdManager.RegistrationListener listener5 = mock(NsdManager.RegistrationListener.class);
         NsdManager.RegistrationListener listener6 = mock(NsdManager.RegistrationListener.class);
+        NsdManager.RegistrationListener listener7 = mock(NsdManager.RegistrationListener.class);
 
         NsdServiceInfo invalidService = new NsdServiceInfo(null, null);
         NsdServiceInfo validService = new NsdServiceInfo("a_name", "_a_type._tcp");
@@ -439,6 +446,19 @@
         validServiceWithCustomHostNoAddresses.setPort(2222);
         validServiceWithCustomHostNoAddresses.setHostname("a_host");
 
+        NsdServiceInfo validServiceWithPublicKey = new NsdServiceInfo("a_name", "_a_type._tcp");
+        validServiceWithPublicKey.setPublicKey(
+                hexStringToByteArray(
+                        "0201030dc141d0637960b98cbc12cfca"
+                                + "221d2879dac26ee5b460e9007c992e19"
+                                + "02d897c391b03764d448f7d0c772fdb0"
+                                + "3b1d9d6d52ff8886769e8e2362513565"
+                                + "270962d3"));
+
+        NsdServiceInfo invalidServiceWithTooShortPublicKey =
+                new NsdServiceInfo("a_name", "_a_type._tcp");
+        invalidServiceWithTooShortPublicKey.setPublicKey(hexStringToByteArray("0201"));
+
         // Service registration
         //  - invalid arguments
         mustFail(() -> { manager.unregisterService(null); });
@@ -449,6 +469,8 @@
         mustFail(() -> { manager.registerService(validService, PROTOCOL, null); });
         mustFail(() -> {
             manager.registerService(invalidMissingHostnameWithAddresses, PROTOCOL, listener1); });
+        mustFail(() -> {
+            manager.registerService(invalidServiceWithTooShortPublicKey, PROTOCOL, listener1); });
         manager.registerService(validService, PROTOCOL, listener1);
         //  - update without subtype is not allowed
         mustFail(() -> { manager.registerService(validServiceDuplicate, PROTOCOL, listener1); });
@@ -479,6 +501,9 @@
         //  - registering a service with a custom host with no addresses is valid
         manager.registerService(validServiceWithCustomHostNoAddresses, PROTOCOL, listener6);
         manager.unregisterService(listener6);
+        //  - registering a service with a public key is valid
+        manager.registerService(validServiceWithPublicKey, PROTOCOL, listener7);
+        manager.unregisterService(listener7);
 
         // Discover service
         //  - invalid arguments
@@ -506,6 +531,229 @@
         mustFail(() -> { manager.resolveService(validService, listener3); });
     }
 
+    private static final class NsdServiceInfoBuilder {
+        private static final String SERVICE_NAME = "TestService";
+        private static final String SERVICE_TYPE = "_testservice._tcp";
+        private static final int SERVICE_PORT = 12345;
+        private static final String HOSTNAME = "TestHost";
+        private static final List<InetAddress> HOST_ADDRESSES =
+                List.of(parseNumericAddress("192.168.2.23"), parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::3"));
+        private static final byte[] PUBLIC_KEY =
+                hexStringToByteArray(
+                        "0201030dc141d0637960b98cbc12cfca"
+                                + "221d2879dac26ee5b460e9007c992e19"
+                                + "02d897c391b03764d448f7d0c772fdb0"
+                                + "3b1d9d6d52ff8886769e8e2362513565"
+                                + "270962d3");
+
+        private final NsdServiceInfo mNsdServiceInfo = new NsdServiceInfo();
+
+        NsdServiceInfo build() {
+            return mNsdServiceInfo;
+        }
+
+        NsdServiceInfoBuilder setNoService() {
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setServiceName(null);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setServiceType(null);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setPort(0);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        NsdServiceInfoBuilder setService() {
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setServiceName(SERVICE_NAME);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setServiceType(SERVICE_TYPE);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setPort(SERVICE_PORT);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        NsdServiceInfoBuilder setZeroPortService() {
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setServiceName(SERVICE_NAME);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setServiceType(SERVICE_TYPE);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setPort(0);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        NsdServiceInfoBuilder setInvalidService() {
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setServiceName(SERVICE_NAME);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setServiceType(null);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setPort(SERVICE_PORT);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        NsdServiceInfoBuilder setDefaultHost() {
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setHostname(null);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setHostAddresses(Collections.emptyList());
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        NsdServiceInfoBuilder setCustomHost() {
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setHostname(HOSTNAME);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setHostAddresses(HOST_ADDRESSES);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        NsdServiceInfoBuilder setCustomHostNoAddress() {
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setHostname(HOSTNAME);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setHostAddresses(Collections.emptyList());
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        NsdServiceInfoBuilder setHostAddressesNoHostname() {
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setHostname(null);
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setHostAddresses(HOST_ADDRESSES);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        NsdServiceInfoBuilder setNoPublicKey() {
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setPublicKey(null);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        NsdServiceInfoBuilder setPublicKey() {
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setPublicKey(PUBLIC_KEY);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        NsdServiceInfoBuilder setInvalidPublicKey() {
+            mNsdServiceInfo.setPublicKey(new byte[3]);
+            return this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCheckServiceInfoForRegistration() {
+        // The service is invalid
+        mustFail(() -> checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setInvalidService()
+                        .setCustomHost()
+                        .setPublicKey().build()));
+        // Keep compatible with the legacy behavior: It's allowed to set host
+        // addresses for a service registration although the host addresses
+        // won't be registered. To register the addresses for a host, the
+        // hostname must be specified.
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setService()
+                        .setHostAddressesNoHostname()
+                        .setPublicKey().build());
+        // The public key is invalid
+        mustFail(() -> checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setService()
+                        .setCustomHost()
+                        .setInvalidPublicKey().build()));
+        // Invalid combinations
+        // 1. (service, custom host, key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setService()
+                        .setCustomHost()
+                        .setPublicKey().build());
+        // 2. (service, custom host, no key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setService()
+                        .setCustomHost()
+                        .setNoPublicKey().build());
+        // 3. (service, no-address custom host, key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setService()
+                        .setCustomHostNoAddress()
+                        .setPublicKey().build());
+        // 4. (service, no-address custom host, no key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setService()
+                        .setCustomHostNoAddress()
+                        .setNoPublicKey().build());
+        // 5. (service, default host, key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setService()
+                        .setDefaultHost()
+                        .setPublicKey().build());
+        // 6. (service, default host, no key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setService()
+                        .setDefaultHost()
+                        .setNoPublicKey().build());
+        // 7. (0-port service, custom host, valid key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setZeroPortService()
+                        .setCustomHost()
+                        .setPublicKey().build());
+        // 8. (0-port service, custom host, no key): invalid
+        mustFail(() -> checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setZeroPortService()
+                        .setCustomHost()
+                        .setNoPublicKey().build()));
+        // 9. (0-port service, no-address custom host, key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setZeroPortService()
+                        .setCustomHostNoAddress()
+                        .setPublicKey().build());
+        // 10. (0-port service, no-address custom host, no key): invalid
+        mustFail(() -> checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setZeroPortService()
+                        .setCustomHostNoAddress()
+                        .setNoPublicKey().build()));
+        // 11. (0-port service, default host, key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setZeroPortService()
+                        .setDefaultHost()
+                        .setPublicKey().build());
+        // 12. (0-port service, default host, no key): invalid
+        mustFail(() -> checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setZeroPortService()
+                        .setDefaultHost()
+                        .setNoPublicKey().build()));
+        // 13. (no service, custom host, key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setNoService()
+                        .setCustomHost()
+                        .setPublicKey().build());
+        // 14. (no service, custom host, no key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setNoService()
+                        .setCustomHost()
+                        .setNoPublicKey().build());
+        // 15. (no service, no-address custom host, key): valid
+        checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setNoService()
+                        .setCustomHostNoAddress()
+                        .setPublicKey().build());
+        // 16. (no service, no-address custom host, no key): invalid
+        mustFail(() -> checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setNoService()
+                        .setCustomHostNoAddress()
+                        .setNoPublicKey().build()));
+        // 17. (no service, default host, key): invalid
+        mustFail(() -> checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setNoService()
+                        .setDefaultHost()
+                        .setPublicKey().build()));
+        // 18. (no service, default host, no key): invalid
+        mustFail(() -> checkServiceInfoForRegistration(
+                new NsdServiceInfoBuilder()
+                        .setNoService()
+                        .setDefaultHost()
+                        .setNoPublicKey().build()));
+    }
+
     public void mustFail(Runnable fn) {
         try {
             fn.run();
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/BpfNetMapsTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/BpfNetMapsTest.java
index ea905d5..fa79795 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/BpfNetMapsTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/BpfNetMapsTest.java
@@ -31,13 +31,17 @@
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.OEM_DENY_1_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.OEM_DENY_2_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.OEM_DENY_3_MATCH;
-import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.PENALTY_BOX_MATCH;
+import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH;
+import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.POWERSAVE_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.RESTRICTED_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.STANDBY_MATCH;
 import static android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.UID_RULES_CONFIGURATION_KEY;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3;
@@ -334,146 +338,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private void doTestRemoveNaughtyApp(final int iif, final long match) throws Exception {
-        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new UidOwnerValue(iif, match));
-
-        mBpfNetMaps.removeNaughtyApp(TEST_UID);
-
-        checkUidOwnerValue(TEST_UID, iif, match & ~PENALTY_BOX_MATCH);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
-    public void testRemoveNaughtyApp() throws Exception {
-        doTestRemoveNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH);
-
-        // PENALTY_BOX_MATCH with other matches
-        doTestRemoveNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH);
-
-        // PENALTY_BOX_MATCH with IIF_MATCH
-        doTestRemoveNaughtyApp(TEST_IF_INDEX, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH | IIF_MATCH);
-
-        // PENALTY_BOX_MATCH is not enabled
-        doTestRemoveNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
-    public void testRemoveNaughtyAppMissingUid() {
-        // UidOwnerMap does not have entry for TEST_UID
-        assertThrows(ServiceSpecificException.class,
-                () -> mBpfNetMaps.removeNaughtyApp(TEST_UID));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
-    public void testRemoveNaughtyAppBeforeT() {
-        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
-                () -> mBpfNetMaps.removeNaughtyApp(TEST_UID));
-    }
-
-    private void doTestAddNaughtyApp(final int iif, final long match) throws Exception {
-        if (match != NO_MATCH) {
-            mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new UidOwnerValue(iif, match));
-        }
-
-        mBpfNetMaps.addNaughtyApp(TEST_UID);
-
-        checkUidOwnerValue(TEST_UID, iif, match | PENALTY_BOX_MATCH);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
-    public void testAddNaughtyApp() throws Exception {
-        doTestAddNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, NO_MATCH);
-
-        // Other matches are enabled
-        doTestAddNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH);
-
-        // IIF_MATCH is enabled
-        doTestAddNaughtyApp(TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH);
-
-        // PENALTY_BOX_MATCH is already enabled
-        doTestAddNaughtyApp(NO_IIF, PENALTY_BOX_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
-    public void testAddNaughtyAppBeforeT() {
-        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
-                () -> mBpfNetMaps.addNaughtyApp(TEST_UID));
-    }
-
-    private void doTestRemoveNiceApp(final int iif, final long match) throws Exception {
-        mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new UidOwnerValue(iif, match));
-
-        mBpfNetMaps.removeNiceApp(TEST_UID);
-
-        checkUidOwnerValue(TEST_UID, iif, match & ~HAPPY_BOX_MATCH);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
-    public void testRemoveNiceApp() throws Exception {
-        doTestRemoveNiceApp(NO_IIF, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH);
-
-        // HAPPY_BOX_MATCH with other matches
-        doTestRemoveNiceApp(NO_IIF, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH);
-
-        // HAPPY_BOX_MATCH with IIF_MATCH
-        doTestRemoveNiceApp(TEST_IF_INDEX, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH | IIF_MATCH);
-
-        // HAPPY_BOX_MATCH is not enabled
-        doTestRemoveNiceApp(NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
-    public void testRemoveNiceAppMissingUid() {
-        // UidOwnerMap does not have entry for TEST_UID
-        assertThrows(ServiceSpecificException.class,
-                () -> mBpfNetMaps.removeNiceApp(TEST_UID));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
-    public void testRemoveNiceAppBeforeT() {
-        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
-                () -> mBpfNetMaps.removeNiceApp(TEST_UID));
-    }
-
-    private void doTestAddNiceApp(final int iif, final long match) throws Exception {
-        if (match != NO_MATCH) {
-            mUidOwnerMap.updateEntry(new S32(TEST_UID), new UidOwnerValue(iif, match));
-        }
-
-        mBpfNetMaps.addNiceApp(TEST_UID);
-
-        checkUidOwnerValue(TEST_UID, iif, match | HAPPY_BOX_MATCH);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
-    public void testAddNiceApp() throws Exception {
-        doTestAddNiceApp(NO_IIF, NO_MATCH);
-
-        // Other matches are enabled
-        doTestAddNiceApp(NO_IIF, DOZABLE_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH | RESTRICTED_MATCH);
-
-        // IIF_MATCH is enabled
-        doTestAddNiceApp(TEST_IF_INDEX, IIF_MATCH);
-
-        // HAPPY_BOX_MATCH is already enabled
-        doTestAddNiceApp(NO_IIF, HAPPY_BOX_MATCH | DOZABLE_MATCH);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    @IgnoreAfter(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
-    public void testAddNiceAppBeforeT() {
-        assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class,
-                () -> mBpfNetMaps.addNiceApp(TEST_UID));
-    }
-
     private void doTestUpdateUidLockdownRule(final int iif, final long match, final boolean add)
             throws Exception {
         if (match != NO_MATCH) {
@@ -658,6 +522,9 @@
         doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1);
         doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2);
         doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3);
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW);
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER);
+        doTestSetUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -1079,7 +946,7 @@
     @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
     public void testDumpUidOwnerMap() throws Exception {
         doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, "HAPPY_BOX_MATCH");
-        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(PENALTY_BOX_MATCH, "PENALTY_BOX_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH, "PENALTY_BOX_USER_MATCH");
         doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(DOZABLE_MATCH, "DOZABLE_MATCH");
         doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(STANDBY_MATCH, "STANDBY_MATCH");
         doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(POWERSAVE_MATCH, "POWERSAVE_MATCH");
@@ -1089,6 +956,7 @@
         doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(OEM_DENY_1_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_1_MATCH");
         doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(OEM_DENY_2_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_2_MATCH");
         doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(OEM_DENY_3_MATCH, "OEM_DENY_3_MATCH");
+        doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH, "PENALTY_BOX_ADMIN_MATCH");
 
         doTestDumpUidOwnerMap(HAPPY_BOX_MATCH | POWERSAVE_MATCH,
                 "HAPPY_BOX_MATCH POWERSAVE_MATCH");
@@ -1137,7 +1005,6 @@
     @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
     public void testDumpUidOwnerMapConfig() throws Exception {
         doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(HAPPY_BOX_MATCH, "HAPPY_BOX_MATCH");
-        doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(PENALTY_BOX_MATCH, "PENALTY_BOX_MATCH");
         doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(DOZABLE_MATCH, "DOZABLE_MATCH");
         doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(STANDBY_MATCH, "STANDBY_MATCH");
         doTestDumpOwnerMatchConfig(POWERSAVE_MATCH, "POWERSAVE_MATCH");
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index ce49533..9f13d79 100755
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_DOZABLE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_LOW_POWER_STANDBY;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3;
@@ -457,6 +460,7 @@
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.net.DatagramSocket;
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
@@ -799,8 +803,10 @@
             // This relies on all contexts for a given user returning the same UM mock
             final DevicePolicyManager dpmMock = createContextAsUser(userHandle, 0 /* flags */)
                     .getSystemService(DevicePolicyManager.class);
-            doReturn(value).when(dpmMock).getDeviceOwner();
-            doReturn(value).when(mDevicePolicyManager).getDeviceOwner();
+            ComponentName componentName = value == null
+                    ? null : new ComponentName(value, "deviceOwnerClass");
+            doReturn(componentName).when(dpmMock).getDeviceOwnerComponentOnAnyUser();
+            doReturn(componentName).when(mDevicePolicyManager).getDeviceOwnerComponentOnAnyUser();
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -10497,6 +10503,9 @@
         doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_1, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
         doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_2, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
         doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_OEM_DENY_3, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
+        doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY);
+        doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
+        doTestSetUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_ADMIN, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW);
     }
 
     @Test @IgnoreUpTo(SC_V2)
@@ -19188,6 +19197,25 @@
         verifyClatdStop(null /* inOrder */, MOBILE_IFNAME);
     }
 
-    // Note : adding tests is ConnectivityServiceTest is deprecated, as it is too big for
+    private static final int EXPECTED_TEST_METHOD_COUNT = 332;
+
+    @Test
+    public void testTestMethodCount() {
+        final Class<?> testClass = this.getClass();
+
+        int actualTestMethodCount = 0;
+        for (final Method method : testClass.getDeclaredMethods()) {
+            if (method.isAnnotationPresent(Test.class)) {
+                actualTestMethodCount++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        assertEquals("Adding tests in ConnectivityServiceTest is deprecated, "
+                + "as it is too big for maintenance. Please consider adding new tests "
+                + "in subclasses of CSTest instead.",
+                EXPECTED_TEST_METHOD_COUNT, actualTestMethodCount);
+    }
+
+    // Note : adding tests in ConnectivityServiceTest is deprecated, as it is too big for
     // maintenance. Please consider adding new tests in subclasses of CSTest instead.
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorServiceTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorServiceTest.kt
index 6c2c256..5c994f5 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorServiceTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/MulticastRoutingCoordinatorServiceTest.kt
@@ -402,15 +402,18 @@
                 mService.getVirtualInterfaceIndex(mIfName1), oifsUpdate)
         val mf6cctlDel = createStructMf6cctl(mSourceAddress, mGroupAddressScope5,
                 mService.getVirtualInterfaceIndex(mIfName1), mEmptyOifs)
+        val ifName1Copy = String(mIfName1.toCharArray())
+        val ifName2Copy = String(mIfName2.toCharArray())
+        val ifName3Copy = String(mIfName3.toCharArray())
 
         verify(mDeps).setsockoptMrt6AddMfc(eq(mFd), eq(mf6cctlAdd))
 
-        applyMulticastForwardNone(mIfName1, mIfName2)
+        applyMulticastForwardNone(ifName1Copy, ifName2Copy)
         mLooper.dispatchAll()
 
         verify(mDeps).setsockoptMrt6AddMfc(eq(mFd), eq(mf6cctlUpdate))
 
-        applyMulticastForwardNone(mIfName1, mIfName3)
+        applyMulticastForwardNone(ifName1Copy, ifName3Copy)
         mLooper.dispatchAll()
 
         verify(mDeps, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS).times(1)).setsockoptMrt6DelMfc(eq(mFd), eq(mf6cctlDel))
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordRepositoryTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordRepositoryTest.kt
index 271cc65..d735dc6 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordRepositoryTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordRepositoryTest.kt
@@ -21,12 +21,13 @@
 import android.net.nsd.NsdServiceInfo
 import android.os.Build
 import android.os.HandlerThread
+import com.android.net.module.util.HexDump.hexStringToByteArray
 import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsAnnouncer.AnnouncementInfo
 import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsInterfaceAdvertiser.CONFLICT_HOST
 import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsInterfaceAdvertiser.CONFLICT_SERVICE
-import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsProber.ProbingInfo
 import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsRecord.TYPE_A
 import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsRecord.TYPE_AAAA
+import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsRecord.TYPE_KEY
 import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsRecord.TYPE_PTR
 import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsRecord.TYPE_SRV
 import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsRecord.TYPE_TXT
@@ -52,10 +53,6 @@
 import org.junit.Before
 import org.junit.Test
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
-import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor
-import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq
-import org.mockito.Mockito.mock
-import org.mockito.Mockito.verify
 
 private const val TEST_SERVICE_ID_1 = 42
 private const val TEST_SERVICE_ID_2 = 43
@@ -125,6 +122,20 @@
     port = TEST_PORT
 }
 
+private val TEST_PUBLIC_KEY = hexStringToByteArray(
+        "0201030dc141d0637960b98cbc12cfca"
+                + "221d2879dac26ee5b460e9007c992e19"
+                + "02d897c391b03764d448f7d0c772fdb0"
+                + "3b1d9d6d52ff8886769e8e2362513565"
+                + "270962d3")
+
+private val TEST_PUBLIC_KEY_2 = hexStringToByteArray(
+        "0201030dc141d0637960b98cbc12cfca"
+                + "221d2879dac26ee5b460e9007c992e19"
+                + "02d897c391b03764d448f7d0c772fdb0"
+                + "3b1d9d6d52ff8886769e8e2362513565"
+                + "270962d4")
+
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner::class)
 @DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.S_V2)
 class MdnsRecordRepositoryTest {
@@ -132,10 +143,23 @@
     private val deps = object : Dependencies() {
         override fun getInterfaceInetAddresses(iface: NetworkInterface) =
                 Collections.enumeration(TEST_ADDRESSES.map { it.address })
+
+        override fun elapsedRealTime() = now
+
+        fun elapse(duration: Long) {
+            now += duration
+        }
+
+        fun resetElapsedRealTime() {
+            now = 100
+        }
+
+        var now: Long = 100
     }
 
     @Before
     fun setUp() {
+        deps.resetElapsedRealTime();
         thread.start()
     }
 
@@ -573,6 +597,7 @@
             TYPE_PTR -> return MdnsPointerRecord(name, false /* isUnicast */)
             TYPE_SRV -> return MdnsServiceRecord(name, false /* isUnicast */)
             TYPE_TXT -> return MdnsTextRecord(name, false /* isUnicast */)
+            TYPE_KEY -> return MdnsKeyRecord(name, false /* isUnicast */)
             TYPE_A, TYPE_AAAA -> return MdnsInetAddressRecord(name, type, false /* isUnicast */)
             else -> fail("Unexpected question type: $type")
         }
@@ -900,6 +925,159 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    fun testGetReply_keyQuestionForServiceName_returnsKeyRecord() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            serviceType = "_testservice._tcp"
+            serviceName = "MyTestService1"
+            port = TEST_PORT
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        })
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_SERVICE_ID_2, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            serviceType = "_testservice._tcp"
+            serviceName = "MyTestService2"
+            port = 0 // No SRV RR
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        })
+        val src = InetSocketAddress(parseNumericAddress("fe80::123"), 5353)
+        val serviceName1 = arrayOf("MyTestService1", "_testservice", "_tcp", "local")
+        val serviceName2 = arrayOf("MyTestService2", "_testservice", "_tcp", "local")
+
+        val query1 = makeQuery(TYPE_KEY to serviceName1)
+        val reply1 = repository.getReply(query1, src)
+
+        assertNotNull(reply1)
+        assertEquals(listOf(MdnsKeyRecord(serviceName1,
+                0, false, LONG_TTL, TEST_PUBLIC_KEY)),
+                reply1.answers)
+        assertEquals(listOf(),
+                reply1.additionalAnswers)
+
+        val query2 = makeQuery(TYPE_KEY to serviceName2)
+        val reply2 = repository.getReply(query2, src)
+
+        assertNotNull(reply2)
+        assertEquals(listOf(MdnsKeyRecord(serviceName2,
+                0, false, LONG_TTL, TEST_PUBLIC_KEY)),
+                reply2.answers)
+        assertEquals(listOf(MdnsNsecRecord(serviceName2,
+                0L, true, SHORT_TTL,
+                serviceName2 /* nextDomain */,
+                intArrayOf(TYPE_KEY))),
+                reply2.additionalAnswers)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetReply_keyQuestionForHostname_returnsKeyRecord() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            hostname = "MyHost1"
+            hostAddresses = listOf(
+                    parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::1"),
+                    parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::2"))
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        })
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_SERVICE_ID_2, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            hostname = "MyHost2"
+            hostAddresses = listOf() // No address records
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        })
+        val src = InetSocketAddress(parseNumericAddress("fe80::123"), 5353)
+        val hostname1 = arrayOf("MyHost1", "local")
+        val hostname2 = arrayOf("MyHost2", "local")
+
+        val query1 = makeQuery(TYPE_KEY to hostname1)
+        val reply1 = repository.getReply(query1, src)
+
+        assertNotNull(reply1)
+        assertEquals(listOf(MdnsKeyRecord(hostname1,
+                0, false, LONG_TTL, TEST_PUBLIC_KEY)),
+                reply1.answers)
+        assertEquals(listOf(),
+                reply1.additionalAnswers)
+
+        val query2 = makeQuery(TYPE_KEY to hostname2)
+        val reply2 = repository.getReply(query2, src)
+
+        assertNotNull(reply2)
+        assertEquals(listOf(MdnsKeyRecord(hostname2,
+                0, false, LONG_TTL, TEST_PUBLIC_KEY)),
+                reply2.answers)
+        assertEquals(listOf(MdnsNsecRecord(hostname2, 0L, true, SHORT_TTL,
+                hostname2 /* nextDomain */,
+                intArrayOf(TYPE_KEY))),
+                reply2.additionalAnswers)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetReply_keyRecordForHostRemoved_noAnswertoKeyQuestion() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            hostname = "MyHost1"
+            hostAddresses = listOf(
+                    parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::1"),
+                    parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::2"))
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        })
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_SERVICE_ID_2, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            hostname = "MyHost2"
+            hostAddresses = listOf() // No address records
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        })
+        repository.removeService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1)
+        repository.removeService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_2)
+        val src = InetSocketAddress(parseNumericAddress("fe80::123"), 5353)
+        val hostname1 = arrayOf("MyHost1", "local")
+        val hostname2 = arrayOf("MyHost2", "local")
+
+        val query1 = makeQuery(TYPE_KEY to hostname1)
+        val reply1 = repository.getReply(query1, src)
+
+        assertNull(reply1)
+
+        val query2 = makeQuery(TYPE_KEY to hostname2)
+        val reply2 = repository.getReply(query2, src)
+
+        assertNull(reply2)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetReply_keyRecordForServiceRemoved_noAnswertoKeyQuestion() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            serviceType = "_testservice._tcp"
+            serviceName = "MyTestService1"
+            port = TEST_PORT
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        })
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_SERVICE_ID_2, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            serviceType = "_testservice._tcp"
+            serviceName = "MyTestService2"
+            port = 0 // No SRV RR
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        })
+        repository.removeService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1)
+        repository.removeService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_2)
+        val src = InetSocketAddress(parseNumericAddress("fe80::123"), 5353)
+        val serviceName1 = arrayOf("MyTestService1", "_testservice", "_tcp", "local")
+        val serviceName2 = arrayOf("MyTestService2", "_testservice", "_tcp", "local")
+
+        val query1 = makeQuery(TYPE_KEY to serviceName1)
+        val reply1 = repository.getReply(query1, src)
+
+        assertNull(reply1)
+
+        val query2 = makeQuery(TYPE_KEY to serviceName2)
+        val reply2 = repository.getReply(query2, src)
+
+        assertNull(reply2)
+    }
+
+    @Test
     fun testGetReply_customHostRemoved_noAnswerToAAAAQuestion() {
         val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
         repository.initWithService(
@@ -1003,6 +1181,102 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    fun testGetReply_ipv4AndIpv6Queries_ipv4AndIpv6Replies() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+        repository.initWithService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, TEST_SERVICE_1, setOf(TEST_SUBTYPE))
+        val query = makeQuery(TYPE_PTR to arrayOf("_testservice", "_tcp", "local"))
+
+        val srcIpv4 = InetSocketAddress(parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.123"), 5353)
+        val replyIpv4 = repository.getReply(query, srcIpv4)
+        val srcIpv6 = InetSocketAddress(parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::123"), 5353)
+        val replyIpv6 = repository.getReply(query, srcIpv6)
+
+        assertNotNull(replyIpv4)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address(), replyIpv4.destination.address)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT, replyIpv4.destination.port)
+        assertNotNull(replyIpv6)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), replyIpv6.destination.address)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT, replyIpv6.destination.port)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetReply_twoIpv4QueriesInOneSecond_theSecondReplyIsThrottled() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+        repository.initWithService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, TEST_SERVICE_1, setOf(TEST_SUBTYPE))
+        val query = makeQuery(TYPE_PTR to arrayOf("_testservice", "_tcp", "local"))
+
+        val srcIpv4 = InetSocketAddress(parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.123"), 5353)
+        val firstReplyIpv4 = repository.getReply(query, srcIpv4)
+        deps.elapse(500L)
+        val secondReply = repository.getReply(query, srcIpv4)
+
+        assertNotNull(firstReplyIpv4)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address(), firstReplyIpv4.destination.address)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT, firstReplyIpv4.destination.port)
+        assertNull(secondReply)
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetReply_twoIpv6QueriesInOneSecond_theSecondReplyIsThrottled() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+        repository.initWithService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, TEST_SERVICE_1, setOf(TEST_SUBTYPE))
+        val query = makeQuery(TYPE_PTR to arrayOf("_testservice", "_tcp", "local"))
+
+        val srcIpv6 = InetSocketAddress(parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::123"), 5353)
+        val firstReplyIpv6 = repository.getReply(query, srcIpv6)
+        deps.elapse(500L)
+        val secondReply = repository.getReply(query, srcIpv6)
+
+        assertNotNull(firstReplyIpv6)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), firstReplyIpv6.destination.address)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT, firstReplyIpv6.destination.port)
+        assertNull(secondReply)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetReply_twoIpv4QueriesInMoreThanOneSecond_repliesAreNotThrottled() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+        repository.initWithService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, TEST_SERVICE_1, setOf(TEST_SUBTYPE))
+        val query = makeQuery(TYPE_PTR to arrayOf("_testservice", "_tcp", "local"))
+
+        val srcIpv4 = InetSocketAddress(parseNumericAddress("192.0.2.123"), 5353)
+        val firstReplyIpv4 = repository.getReply(query, srcIpv4)
+        // The longest possible interval that may make the reply throttled is
+        // 1000 (MIN_MULTICAST_REPLY_INTERVAL_MS) + 120 (delay for shared name) = 1120
+        deps.elapse(1121L)
+        val secondReplyIpv4 = repository.getReply(query, srcIpv4)
+
+        assertNotNull(firstReplyIpv4)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address(), firstReplyIpv4.destination.address)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT, firstReplyIpv4.destination.port)
+        assertNotNull(secondReplyIpv4)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address(), secondReplyIpv4.destination.address)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT, secondReplyIpv4.destination.port)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetReply_twoIpv6QueriesInMoreThanOneSecond_repliesAreNotThrottled() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+        repository.initWithService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, TEST_SERVICE_1, setOf(TEST_SUBTYPE))
+        val query = makeQuery(TYPE_PTR to arrayOf("_testservice", "_tcp", "local"))
+
+        val srcIpv6 = InetSocketAddress(parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::123"), 5353)
+        val firstReplyIpv6 = repository.getReply(query, srcIpv6)
+        // The longest possible interval that may make the reply throttled is
+        // 1000 (MIN_MULTICAST_REPLY_INTERVAL_MS) + 120 (delay for shared name) = 1120
+        deps.elapse(1121L)
+        val secondReplyIpv6 = repository.getReply(query, srcIpv6)
+
+        assertNotNull(firstReplyIpv6)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), firstReplyIpv6.destination.address)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT, firstReplyIpv6.destination.port)
+        assertNotNull(secondReplyIpv6)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), secondReplyIpv6.destination.address)
+        assertEquals(MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT, secondReplyIpv6.destination.port)
+    }
+
+    @Test
     fun testGetConflictingServices() {
         val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
         repository.addService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, TEST_SERVICE_1, null /* ttl */)
@@ -1117,8 +1391,8 @@
     @Test
     fun testGetConflictingServices_customHostsReplyHasFewerAddressesThanUs_noConflict() {
         val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
-        repository.addService(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_1, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_1, null /* ttl */)
-        repository.addService(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_2, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_2, null /* ttl */)
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_1, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_1)
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_2, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_2)
 
         val packet = MdnsPacket(
                 0, /* flags */
@@ -1136,10 +1410,30 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    fun testGetConflictingServices_customHostsReplyHasIdenticalHosts_noConflict() {
+    fun testGetConflictingServices_customHostsReplyHasSameNameRecord_conflictDuringProbing() {
         val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
         repository.addService(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_1, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_1, null /* ttl */)
-        repository.addService(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_2, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_2, null /* ttl */)
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_2, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_2)
+
+        val packet = MdnsPacket(
+            0, /* flags */
+            emptyList(), /* questions */
+            listOf(MdnsKeyRecord(arrayOf("TestHost", "local"),
+                    0L /* receiptTimeMillis */, true /* cacheFlush */,
+                    0L /* ttlMillis */, TEST_PUBLIC_KEY),
+            ) /* answers */,
+            emptyList() /* authorityRecords */,
+            emptyList() /* additionalRecords */)
+
+        assertEquals(mapOf(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_1 to CONFLICT_HOST),
+            repository.getConflictingServices(packet))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetConflictingServices_customHostsReplyHasIdenticalHosts_noConflict() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_1, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_1)
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_2, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_2)
 
         val packet = MdnsPacket(
                 0, /* flags */
@@ -1163,8 +1457,8 @@
     @Test
     fun testGetConflictingServices_customHostsCaseInsensitiveReplyHasIdenticalHosts_noConflict() {
         val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
-        repository.addService(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_1, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_1, null /* ttl */)
-        repository.addService(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_2, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_2, null /* ttl */)
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_1, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_1)
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_ID_2, TEST_CUSTOM_HOST_2)
 
         val packet = MdnsPacket(
                 0, /* flags */
@@ -1185,6 +1479,152 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    fun testGetConflictingServices_identicalKeyRecordsForService_noConflict() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+
+        repository.addService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            serviceType = "_testservice._tcp"
+            serviceName = "MyTestService"
+            port = TEST_PORT
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        }, null /* ttl */)
+
+        val otherTtlMillis = 1234L
+        val packet = MdnsPacket(
+                0 /* flags */,
+                emptyList() /* questions */,
+                listOf(
+                        MdnsKeyRecord(
+                                arrayOf("MyTestService", "_testservice", "_tcp", "local"),
+                                0L /* receiptTimeMillis */, true /* cacheFlush */,
+                                otherTtlMillis,
+                                TEST_PUBLIC_KEY)
+                ) /* answers */,
+                emptyList() /* authorityRecords */,
+                emptyList() /* additionalRecords */)
+
+        assertEquals(emptyMap(),
+                repository.getConflictingServices(packet))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetConflictingServices_differentKeyRecordsForService_conflict() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+
+        repository.addService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            serviceType = "_testservice._tcp"
+            serviceName = "MyTestService"
+            port = TEST_PORT
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        }, null /* null */)
+
+        val otherTtlMillis = 1234L
+        val packet = MdnsPacket(
+                0 /* flags */,
+                emptyList() /* questions */,
+                listOf(
+                        MdnsKeyRecord(
+                                arrayOf("MyTestService", "_testservice", "_tcp", "local"),
+                                0L /* receiptTimeMillis */, true /* cacheFlush */,
+                                otherTtlMillis,
+                                TEST_PUBLIC_KEY_2)
+                ) /* answers */,
+                emptyList() /* authorityRecords */,
+                emptyList() /* additionalRecords */)
+
+        assertEquals(mapOf(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1 to CONFLICT_SERVICE),
+                repository.getConflictingServices(packet))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetConflictingServices_identicalKeyRecordsForHost_noConflict() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+
+        repository.addServiceAndFinishProbing(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            hostname = "MyHost"
+            hostAddresses = listOf(
+                parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::1"),
+                parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::2")
+            )
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        })
+
+        val otherTtlMillis = 1234L
+        val packet = MdnsPacket(
+                0 /* flags */,
+                emptyList() /* questions */,
+                listOf(
+                        MdnsKeyRecord(
+                                arrayOf("MyHost", "local"),
+                                0L /* receiptTimeMillis */, true /* cacheFlush */,
+                                otherTtlMillis,
+                                TEST_PUBLIC_KEY)
+                ) /* answers */,
+                emptyList() /* authorityRecords */,
+                emptyList() /* additionalRecords */)
+
+        assertEquals(emptyMap(),
+                repository.getConflictingServices(packet))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetConflictingServices_keyForCustomHostReplySameRecordName_conflictDuringProbing() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+
+        repository.addService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            hostname = "MyHost"
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        }, null /* ttl */)
+
+        val otherTtlMillis = 1234L
+        val packet = MdnsPacket(
+            0 /* flags */,
+            emptyList() /* questions */,
+            listOf(MdnsInetAddressRecord(arrayOf("MyHost", "local"),
+                    0L /* receiptTimeMillis */,
+                    true /* cacheFlush */,
+                    otherTtlMillis,
+                    parseNumericAddress("192.168.2.111"))
+            ) /* answers */,
+            emptyList() /* authorityRecords */,
+            emptyList() /* additionalRecords */
+        )
+
+        assertEquals(mapOf(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1 to CONFLICT_HOST),
+            repository.getConflictingServices(packet))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testGetConflictingServices_differentKeyRecordsForHost_conflict() {
+        val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
+
+        repository.addService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, NsdServiceInfo().apply {
+            hostname = "MyHost"
+            hostAddresses = listOf(
+                    parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::1"),
+                    parseNumericAddress("2001:db8::2"))
+            publicKey = TEST_PUBLIC_KEY
+        }, null /* ttl */)
+
+        val otherTtlMillis = 1234L
+        val packet = MdnsPacket(
+                0 /* flags */,
+                emptyList() /* questions */,
+                listOf(
+                        MdnsKeyRecord(
+                                arrayOf("MyHost", "local"),
+                                0L /* receiptTimeMillis */, true /* cacheFlush */,
+                                otherTtlMillis,
+                                TEST_PUBLIC_KEY_2)
+                ) /* answers */,
+                emptyList() /* authorityRecords */,
+                emptyList() /* additionalRecords */)
+
+        assertEquals(mapOf(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1 to CONFLICT_HOST),
+                repository.getConflictingServices(packet))
+    }
+
+    @Test
     fun testGetConflictingServices_IdenticalService() {
         val repository = MdnsRecordRepository(thread.looper, deps, TEST_HOSTNAME, makeFlags())
         repository.addService(TEST_SERVICE_ID_1, TEST_SERVICE_1, null /* ttl */)
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordTests.java
index 55c2846..63548c1 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordTests.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsRecordTests.java
@@ -16,11 +16,13 @@
 
 package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
 
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsConstants.QCLASS_INTERNET;
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertThrows;
@@ -424,4 +426,92 @@
         assertEquals(new TextEntry("xyz", HexDump.hexStringToByteArray("FFEFDFCF")),
                 entries.get(2));
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testKeyRecord() throws IOException {
+        final byte[] dataIn =
+                HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+                        "09746573742d686f7374056c6f63616c"
+                                + "00001980010000000a00440201030dc1"
+                                + "41d0637960b98cbc12cfca221d2879da"
+                                + "c26ee5b460e9007c992e1902d897c391"
+                                + "b03764d448f7d0c772fdb03b1d9d6d52"
+                                + "ff8886769e8e2362513565270962d3");
+        final byte[] rData =
+                HexDump.hexStringToByteArray(
+                        "0201030dc141d0637960b98cbc12cfca"
+                                + "221d2879dac26ee5b460e9007c992e19"
+                                + "02d897c391b03764d448f7d0c772fdb0"
+                                + "3b1d9d6d52ff8886769e8e2362513565"
+                                + "270962d3");
+        assertNotNull(dataIn);
+        String dataInText = HexDump.dumpHexString(dataIn, 0, dataIn.length);
+
+        // Decode
+        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(dataIn, dataIn.length);
+        MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+
+        String[] name = reader.readLabels();
+        assertNotNull(name);
+        assertEquals(2, name.length);
+        String fqdn = MdnsRecord.labelsToString(name);
+        assertEquals("test-host.local", fqdn);
+
+        int type = reader.readUInt16();
+        assertEquals(MdnsRecord.TYPE_KEY, type);
+
+        MdnsKeyRecord keyRecord;
+
+        // MdnsKeyRecord(String[] name, MdnsPacketReader reader)
+        reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+        reader.readLabels(); // Skip labels
+        reader.readUInt16(); // Skip type
+        keyRecord = new MdnsKeyRecord(name, reader);
+        assertEquals(MdnsRecord.TYPE_KEY, keyRecord.getType());
+        assertTrue(keyRecord.getTtl() > 0); // Not a question so the TTL is greater than 0
+        assertTrue(keyRecord.getCacheFlush());
+        assertArrayEquals(new String[] {"test-host", "local"}, keyRecord.getName());
+        assertArrayEquals(rData, keyRecord.getRData());
+        assertNotEquals(rData, keyRecord.getRData()); // Uses a copy of the original RDATA
+        assertEquals(dataInText, toHex(keyRecord));
+
+        // MdnsKeyRecord(String[] name, MdnsPacketReader reader, boolean isQuestion)
+        reader = new MdnsPacketReader(packet);
+        reader.readLabels(); // Skip labels
+        reader.readUInt16(); // Skip type
+        keyRecord = new MdnsKeyRecord(name, reader, false /* isQuestion */);
+        assertEquals(MdnsRecord.TYPE_KEY, keyRecord.getType());
+        assertTrue(keyRecord.getTtl() > 0); // Not a question, so the TTL is greater than 0
+        assertTrue(keyRecord.getCacheFlush());
+        assertArrayEquals(new String[] {"test-host", "local"}, keyRecord.getName());
+        assertArrayEquals(rData, keyRecord.getRData());
+        assertNotEquals(rData, keyRecord.getRData()); // Uses a copy of the original RDATA
+
+        // MdnsKeyRecord(String[] name, boolean isUnicast)
+        keyRecord = new MdnsKeyRecord(name, false /* isUnicast */);
+        assertEquals(MdnsRecord.TYPE_KEY, keyRecord.getType());
+        assertEquals(0, keyRecord.getTtl());
+        assertEquals(QCLASS_INTERNET, keyRecord.getRecordClass());
+        assertFalse(keyRecord.getCacheFlush());
+        assertArrayEquals(new String[] {"test-host", "local"}, keyRecord.getName());
+        assertArrayEquals(null, keyRecord.getRData());
+
+        // MdnsKeyRecord(String[] name, long receiptTimeMillis, boolean cacheFlush, long ttlMillis,
+        // byte[] rData)
+        keyRecord =
+                new MdnsKeyRecord(
+                        name,
+                        10 /* receiptTimeMillis */,
+                        true /* cacheFlush */,
+                        20_000 /* ttlMillis */,
+                        rData);
+        assertEquals(MdnsRecord.TYPE_KEY, keyRecord.getType());
+        assertEquals(10, keyRecord.getReceiptTime());
+        assertTrue(keyRecord.getCacheFlush());
+        assertEquals(20_000, keyRecord.getTtl());
+        assertEquals(QCLASS_INTERNET, keyRecord.getRecordClass());
+        assertArrayEquals(new String[] {"test-host", "local"}, keyRecord.getName());
+        assertArrayEquals(rData, keyRecord.getRData());
+        assertNotEquals(rData, keyRecord.getRData()); // Uses a copy of the original RDATA
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSFirewallChainTest.kt b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSFirewallChainTest.kt
index 16de4da..83ccccd 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSFirewallChainTest.kt
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivityservice/CSFirewallChainTest.kt
@@ -16,7 +16,14 @@
 
 package com.android.server
 
-import android.net.ConnectivityManager
+import android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.METERED_ALLOW_CHAINS
+import android.net.BpfNetMapsConstants.METERED_DENY_CHAINS
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DEFAULT
+import android.net.ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY
 import android.os.Build
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
 import com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityFlags.BACKGROUND_FIREWALL_CHAIN
@@ -24,6 +31,7 @@
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreAfter
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule.IgnoreUpTo
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRunner
+import com.android.testutils.assertThrows
 import org.junit.Rule
 import org.junit.Test
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
@@ -52,13 +60,13 @@
     @FeatureFlags(flags = [Flag(BACKGROUND_FIREWALL_CHAIN, true)])
     @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
     fun setFirewallChainEnabled_backgroundChainEnabled_afterU() {
-        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, true)
-        verify(bpfNetMaps).setChildChain(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, true)
+        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, true)
+        verify(bpfNetMaps).setChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, true)
 
         clearInvocations(bpfNetMaps)
 
-        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, false)
-        verify(bpfNetMaps).setChildChain(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, false)
+        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, false)
+        verify(bpfNetMaps).setChildChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, false)
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -69,10 +77,10 @@
     }
 
     private fun verifySetFirewallChainEnabledOnBackgroundDoesNothing() {
-        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, true)
+        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, true)
         verify(bpfNetMaps, never()).setChildChain(anyInt(), anyBoolean())
 
-        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, false)
+        cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, false)
         verify(bpfNetMaps, never()).setChildChain(anyInt(), anyBoolean())
     }
 
@@ -88,8 +96,8 @@
     @IgnoreUpTo(Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
     fun replaceFirewallChain_backgroundChainEnabled_afterU() {
         val uids = intArrayOf(53, 42, 79)
-        cm.replaceFirewallChain(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uids)
-        verify(bpfNetMaps).replaceUidChain(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uids)
+        cm.replaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uids)
+        verify(bpfNetMaps).replaceUidChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uids)
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -101,7 +109,7 @@
 
     private fun verifyReplaceFirewallChainOnBackgroundDoesNothing() {
         val uids = intArrayOf(53, 42, 79)
-        cm.replaceFirewallChain(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uids)
+        cm.replaceFirewallChain(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uids)
         verify(bpfNetMaps, never()).replaceUidChain(anyInt(), any(IntArray::class.java))
     }
 
@@ -118,24 +126,18 @@
     fun setUidFirewallRule_backgroundChainEnabled_afterU() {
         val uid = 2345
 
-        cm.setUidFirewallRule(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid,
-            ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DEFAULT)
-        verify(bpfNetMaps).setUidRule(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid,
-            ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY)
+        cm.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_DEFAULT)
+        verify(bpfNetMaps).setUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY)
 
         clearInvocations(bpfNetMaps)
 
-        cm.setUidFirewallRule(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid,
-            ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY)
-        verify(bpfNetMaps).setUidRule(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid,
-            ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY)
+        cm.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY)
+        verify(bpfNetMaps).setUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY)
 
         clearInvocations(bpfNetMaps)
 
-        cm.setUidFirewallRule(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid,
-            ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW)
-        verify(bpfNetMaps).setUidRule(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid,
-            ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW)
+        cm.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW)
+        verify(bpfNetMaps).setUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW)
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -148,10 +150,49 @@
     private fun verifySetUidFirewallRuleOnBackgroundDoesNothing() {
         val uid = 2345
 
-        listOf(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DEFAULT, ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW,
-            ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_RULE_DENY).forEach { rule ->
-            cm.setUidFirewallRule(ConnectivityManager.FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid, rule)
+        listOf(FIREWALL_RULE_DEFAULT, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY).forEach { rule ->
+            cm.setUidFirewallRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_BACKGROUND, uid, rule)
             verify(bpfNetMaps, never()).setUidRule(anyInt(), anyInt(), anyInt())
         }
     }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testSetFirewallChainEnabled_meteredChain() {
+        (METERED_ALLOW_CHAINS + METERED_DENY_CHAINS).forEach {
+            assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException::class.java) {
+                cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(it, true)
+            }
+            assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException::class.java) {
+                cm.setFirewallChainEnabled(it, false)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testAddUidToMeteredNetworkAllowList() {
+        val uid = 1001
+        cm.addUidToMeteredNetworkAllowList(uid)
+        verify(bpfNetMaps).setUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testRemoveUidFromMeteredNetworkAllowList() {
+        val uid = 1001
+        cm.removeUidFromMeteredNetworkAllowList(uid)
+        verify(bpfNetMaps).setUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_ALLOW, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testAddUidToMeteredNetworkDenyList() {
+        val uid = 1001
+        cm.addUidToMeteredNetworkDenyList(uid)
+        verify(bpfNetMaps).setUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_DENY)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testRemoveUidFromMeteredNetworkDenyList() {
+        val uid = 1001
+        cm.removeUidFromMeteredNetworkDenyList(uid)
+        verify(bpfNetMaps).setUidRule(FIREWALL_CHAIN_METERED_DENY_USER, uid, FIREWALL_RULE_ALLOW)
+    }
 }
diff --git a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java
index 0e7f3be..dea4279 100644
--- a/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/cts/src/android/net/thread/cts/ThreadNetworkControllerTest.java
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@
 import android.net.thread.utils.TapTestNetworkTracker;
 import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule;
 import android.net.thread.utils.ThreadFeatureCheckerRule.RequiresThreadFeature;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.os.OutcomeReceiver;
 
@@ -782,10 +783,14 @@
     public void threadNetworkCallback_deviceAttached_threadNetworkIsAvailable() throws Exception {
         CompletableFuture<Network> networkFuture = new CompletableFuture<>();
         ConnectivityManager cm = mContext.getSystemService(ConnectivityManager.class);
-        NetworkRequest networkRequest =
-                new NetworkRequest.Builder()
-                        .addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_THREAD)
-                        .build();
+        NetworkRequest.Builder networkRequestBuilder =
+                new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_THREAD);
+        // Before V, we need to explicitly set `NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK` capability to request
+        // a Thread network.
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE) {
+            networkRequestBuilder.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK);
+        }
+        NetworkRequest networkRequest = networkRequestBuilder.build();
         ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback networkCallback =
                 new ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback() {
                     @Override
diff --git a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadIntegrationTest.java b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadIntegrationTest.java
index e211e22..998e70d 100644
--- a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadIntegrationTest.java
+++ b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/ThreadIntegrationTest.java
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 
 import static com.google.common.io.BaseEncoding.base16;
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertWithMessage;
 
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.InetAddresses;
@@ -237,6 +238,21 @@
         assertTunInterfaceMemberOfGroup(GROUP_ADDR_ALL_ROUTERS);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void edPingsMeshLocalAddresses_oneReplyPerRequest() throws Exception {
+        mController.joinAndWait(DEFAULT_DATASET);
+        startFtdChild(mFtd, DEFAULT_DATASET);
+        List<Inet6Address> meshLocalAddresses = mOtCtl.getMeshLocalAddresses();
+
+        for (Inet6Address address : meshLocalAddresses) {
+            assertWithMessage(
+                            "There may be duplicated replies of ping request to "
+                                    + address.getHostAddress())
+                    .that(mFtd.ping(address, 2))
+                    .isEqualTo(2);
+        }
+    }
+
     // TODO (b/323300829): add more tests for integration with linux platform and
     // ConnectivityService
 
diff --git a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/FullThreadDevice.java b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/FullThreadDevice.java
index 5e70f6c..9370ee3 100644
--- a/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/FullThreadDevice.java
+++ b/thread/tests/integration/src/android/net/thread/utils/FullThreadDevice.java
@@ -422,7 +422,21 @@
                 PING_TIMEOUT_SECONDS);
     }
 
-    private void ping(
+    /** Returns the number of ping reply packets received. */
+    public int ping(Inet6Address address, int count) {
+        List<String> output =
+                ping(
+                        address,
+                        null,
+                        PING_SIZE,
+                        count,
+                        PING_INTERVAL,
+                        HOP_LIMIT,
+                        PING_TIMEOUT_SECONDS);
+        return getReceivedPacketsCount(output);
+    }
+
+    private List<String> ping(
             Inet6Address address,
             Inet6Address source,
             int size,
@@ -445,7 +459,21 @@
                         + hopLimit
                         + " "
                         + timeout;
-        executeCommand(cmd);
+        return executeCommand(cmd);
+    }
+
+    private int getReceivedPacketsCount(List<String> stringList) {
+        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("([\\d]+) packets received");
+
+        for (String message : stringList) {
+            Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(message);
+            if (matcher.find()) {
+                String packetCountStr = matcher.group(1);
+                return Integer.parseInt(packetCountStr);
+            }
+        }
+        // No match found
+        return -1;
     }
 
     @FormatMethod