diff --git a/Tethering/AndroidManifest.xml b/Tethering/AndroidManifest.xml
index c71d0d7..9328611 100644
--- a/Tethering/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/Tethering/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
          added to the privileged permissions whitelist for that package. -->
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
-    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_PRIVILEGED" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_USB" />
diff --git a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheredClient.java b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheredClient.java
index 8b8b9e5..48be0d9 100644
--- a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheredClient.java
+++ b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheredClient.java
@@ -64,16 +64,26 @@
         dest.writeInt(mTetheringType);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Get the MAC address used to identify the client.
+     */
     @NonNull
     public MacAddress getMacAddress() {
         return mMacAddress;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Get information on the list of addresses that are associated with the client.
+     */
     @NonNull
     public List<AddressInfo> getAddresses() {
         return new ArrayList<>(mAddresses);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Get the type of tethering used by the client.
+     * @return one of the {@code TetheringManager#TETHERING_*} constants.
+     */
     public int getTetheringType() {
         return mTetheringType;
     }
@@ -115,45 +125,47 @@
         private final LinkAddress mAddress;
         @Nullable
         private final String mHostname;
-        // TODO: use LinkAddress expiration time once it is supported
-        private final long mExpirationTime;
 
         /** @hide */
         public AddressInfo(@NonNull LinkAddress address, @Nullable String hostname) {
-            this(address, hostname, 0);
-        }
-
-        /** @hide */
-        public AddressInfo(@NonNull LinkAddress address, String hostname, long expirationTime) {
             this.mAddress = address;
             this.mHostname = hostname;
-            this.mExpirationTime = expirationTime;
         }
 
         private AddressInfo(Parcel in) {
-            this(in.readParcelable(null),  in.readString(), in.readLong());
+            this(in.readParcelable(null),  in.readString());
         }
 
         @Override
         public void writeToParcel(@NonNull Parcel dest, int flags) {
             dest.writeParcelable(mAddress, flags);
             dest.writeString(mHostname);
-            dest.writeLong(mExpirationTime);
         }
 
+        /**
+         * Get the link address (including prefix length and lifetime) used by the client.
+         *
+         * This may be an IPv4 or IPv6 address.
+         */
         @NonNull
         public LinkAddress getAddress() {
             return mAddress;
         }
 
+        /**
+         * Get the hostname that was advertised by the client when obtaining its address, if any.
+         */
         @Nullable
         public String getHostname() {
             return mHostname;
         }
 
-        /** @hide TODO: use expiration time in LinkAddress */
+        /**
+         * Get the expiration time of the address assigned to the client.
+         * @hide
+         */
         public long getExpirationTime() {
-            return mExpirationTime;
+            return mAddress.getExpirationTime();
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -163,7 +175,7 @@
 
         @Override
         public int hashCode() {
-            return Objects.hash(mAddress, mHostname, mExpirationTime);
+            return Objects.hash(mAddress, mHostname);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -173,8 +185,7 @@
             // Use .equals() for addresses as all changes, including address expiry changes,
             // should be included.
             return other.mAddress.equals(mAddress)
-                    && Objects.equals(mHostname, other.mHostname)
-                    && mExpirationTime == other.mExpirationTime;
+                    && Objects.equals(mHostname, other.mHostname);
         }
 
         @NonNull
diff --git a/Tethering/res/values/config.xml b/Tethering/res/values/config.xml
index 4af5c53..04d6215 100644
--- a/Tethering/res/values/config.xml
+++ b/Tethering/res/values/config.xml
@@ -157,4 +157,49 @@
 
     <!-- ComponentName of the service used to run no ui tether provisioning. -->
     <string translatable="false" name="config_wifi_tether_enable">com.android.settings/.wifi.tether.TetherService</string>
+
+    <!-- Enable tethering notification -->
+    <!-- Icons for showing tether enable notification.
+         Each item should have two elements and be separated with ";".
+
+         The first element is downstream types which is one of tethering. This element has to be
+         made by WIFI, USB, BT, and OR'd with the others. Use "|" to combine multiple downstream
+         types and use "," to separate each combinations. Such as
+
+             USB|BT,WIFI|USB|BT
+
+         The second element is icon for the item. This element has to be composed by
+         <package name>:drawable/<resource name>. Such as
+
+             1. com.android.networkstack.tethering:drawable/stat_sys_tether_general
+             2. android:drawable/xxx
+
+         So the entire string of each item would be
+
+             USB|BT,WIFI|USB|BT;com.android.networkstack.tethering:drawable/stat_sys_tether_general
+
+         NOTE: One config can be separated into two or more for readability. Such as
+
+               WIFI|USB,WIFI|BT,USB|BT,WIFI|USB|BT;android:drawable/xxx
+
+               can be separated into
+
+               WIFI|USB;android:drawable/xxx
+               WIFI|BT;android:drawable/xxx
+               USB|BT;android:drawable/xxx
+               WIFI|USB|BT;android:drawable/xxx
+
+         Notification will not show if the downstream type isn't listed in array.
+         Empty array means disable notifications. -->
+    <!-- In AOSP, hotspot is configured to no notification by default. Because status bar has showed
+         an icon on the right side already -->
+    <string-array translatable="false" name="tethering_notification_icons">
+        <item>USB;com.android.networkstack.tethering:drawable/stat_sys_tether_usb</item>
+        <item>BT;com.android.networkstack.tethering:drawable/stat_sys_tether_bluetooth</item>
+        <item>WIFI|USB,WIFI|BT,USB|BT,WIFI|USB|BT;com.android.networkstack.tethering:drawable/stat_sys_tether_general</item>
+    </string-array>
+    <!-- String for tether enable notification title. -->
+    <string name="tethering_notification_title">@string/tethered_notification_title</string>
+    <!-- String for tether enable notification message. -->
+    <string name="tethering_notification_message">@string/tethered_notification_message</string>
 </resources>
diff --git a/Tethering/res/values/overlayable.xml b/Tethering/res/values/overlayable.xml
index fe025c7..bbba3f3 100644
--- a/Tethering/res/values/overlayable.xml
+++ b/Tethering/res/values/overlayable.xml
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 <resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
     <overlayable name="TetheringConfig">
         <policy type="product|system|vendor">
+            <!-- Params from config.xml that can be overlaid -->
             <item type="array" name="config_tether_usb_regexs"/>
             <item type="array" name="config_tether_ncm_regexs" />
             <item type="array" name="config_tether_wifi_regexs"/>
@@ -31,6 +32,45 @@
             <item type="string" name="config_mobile_hotspot_provision_response"/>
             <item type="integer" name="config_mobile_hotspot_provision_check_period"/>
             <item type="string" name="config_wifi_tether_enable"/>
+            <!-- Configuration values for TetheringNotificationUpdater -->
+            <!-- Icons for showing tether enable notification.
+            Each item should have two elements and be separated with ";".
+
+            The first element is downstream types which is one of tethering. This element has to be
+            made by WIFI, USB, BT, and OR'd with the others. Use "|" to combine multiple downstream
+            types and use "," to separate each combinations. Such as
+
+            USB|BT,WIFI|USB|BT
+
+            The second element is icon for the item. This element has to be composed by
+            <package name>:drawable/<resource name>. Such as
+
+            1. com.android.networkstack.tethering:drawable/stat_sys_tether_general
+            2. android:drawable/xxx
+
+            So the entire string of each item would be
+
+            USB|BT,WIFI|USB|BT;com.android.networkstack.tethering:drawable/stat_sys_tether_general
+
+            NOTE: One config can be separated into two or more for readability. Such as
+
+                  WIFI|USB,WIFI|BT,USB|BT,WIFI|USB|BT;android:drawable/xxx
+
+                  can be separated into
+
+                  WIFI|USB;android:drawable/xxx
+                  WIFI|BT;android:drawable/xxx
+                  USB|BT;android:drawable/xxx
+                  WIFI|USB|BT;android:drawable/xxx
+
+            Notification will not show if the downstream type isn't listed in array.
+            Empty array means disable notifications. -->
+            <item type="array" name="tethering_notification_icons"/>
+            <!-- String for tether enable notification title. -->
+            <item type="string" name="tethering_notification_title"/>
+            <!-- String for tether enable notification message. -->
+            <item type="string" name="tethering_notification_message"/>
+            <!-- Params from config.xml that can be overlaid -->
         </policy>
     </overlayable>
 </resources>
diff --git a/Tethering/res/values/strings.xml b/Tethering/res/values/strings.xml
index 792bce9..ba98a66 100644
--- a/Tethering/res/values/strings.xml
+++ b/Tethering/res/values/strings.xml
@@ -15,19 +15,21 @@
 -->
 <resources>
     <!-- Shown when the device is tethered -->
-    <!-- Strings for tethered notification title [CHAR LIMIT=200] -->
+    <!-- String for tethered notification title [CHAR LIMIT=200] -->
     <string name="tethered_notification_title">Tethering or hotspot active</string>
-    <!-- Strings for tethered notification message [CHAR LIMIT=200] -->
+    <!-- String for tethered notification message [CHAR LIMIT=200] -->
     <string name="tethered_notification_message">Tap to set up.</string>
 
     <!-- This notification is shown when tethering has been disabled on a user's device.
     The device is managed by the user's employer. Tethering can't be turned on unless the
     IT administrator allows it. The noun "admin" is another reference for "IT administrator." -->
-    <!-- Strings for tether disabling notification title [CHAR LIMIT=200] -->
+    <!-- String for tether disabling notification title [CHAR LIMIT=200] -->
     <string name="disable_tether_notification_title">Tethering is disabled</string>
-    <!-- Strings for tether disabling notification message [CHAR LIMIT=200] -->
+    <!-- String for tether disabling notification message [CHAR LIMIT=200] -->
     <string name="disable_tether_notification_message">Contact your admin for details</string>
 
-    <!-- Strings for tether notification channel name [CHAR LIMIT=200] -->
+    <!-- This string should be consistent with the "Hotspot & tethering" text in the "Network and
+    Internet" settings page. That is currently the tether_settings_title_all string. -->
+    <!-- String for tether notification channel name [CHAR LIMIT=200] -->
     <string name="notification_channel_tethering_status">Hotspot &amp; tethering status</string>
 </resources>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
index 38f8609..6c0c432 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 import static android.net.util.NetworkConstants.RFC7421_PREFIX_LENGTH;
 import static android.net.util.NetworkConstants.asByte;
 import static android.net.util.TetheringMessageBase.BASE_IPSERVER;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE;
 
 import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.INetworkStackStatusCallback;
@@ -448,7 +449,9 @@
             final ArrayList<TetheredClient> leases = new ArrayList<>();
             for (DhcpLeaseParcelable lease : leaseParcelables) {
                 final LinkAddress address = new LinkAddress(
-                        intToInet4AddressHTH(lease.netAddr), lease.prefixLength);
+                        intToInet4AddressHTH(lease.netAddr), lease.prefixLength,
+                        0 /* flags */, RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE /* as per RFC6724#3.2 */,
+                        lease.expTime /* deprecationTime */, lease.expTime /* expirationTime */);
 
                 final MacAddress macAddress;
                 try {
@@ -460,7 +463,7 @@
                 }
 
                 final TetheredClient.AddressInfo addressInfo = new TetheredClient.AddressInfo(
-                        address, lease.hostname, lease.expTime);
+                        address, lease.hostname);
                 leases.add(new TetheredClient(
                         macAddress,
                         Collections.singletonList(addressInfo),
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/OffloadController.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/OffloadController.java
index a402ffa..d43c5c6 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/OffloadController.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/OffloadController.java
@@ -39,8 +39,7 @@
 import android.net.netlink.ConntrackMessage;
 import android.net.netlink.NetlinkConstants;
 import android.net.netlink.NetlinkSocket;
-import android.net.netstats.provider.AbstractNetworkStatsProvider;
-import android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProviderCallback;
+import android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProvider;
 import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.provider.Settings;
@@ -89,8 +88,8 @@
     private final Handler mHandler;
     private final OffloadHardwareInterface mHwInterface;
     private final ContentResolver mContentResolver;
-    private final @NonNull OffloadTetheringStatsProvider mStatsProvider;
-    private final @Nullable NetworkStatsProviderCallback mStatsProviderCb;
+    @Nullable
+    private final OffloadTetheringStatsProvider mStatsProvider;
     private final SharedLog mLog;
     private final HashMap<String, LinkProperties> mDownstreams;
     private boolean mConfigInitialized;
@@ -124,19 +123,18 @@
         mHandler = h;
         mHwInterface = hwi;
         mContentResolver = contentResolver;
-        mStatsProvider = new OffloadTetheringStatsProvider();
         mLog = log.forSubComponent(TAG);
         mDownstreams = new HashMap<>();
         mExemptPrefixes = new HashSet<>();
         mLastLocalPrefixStrs = new HashSet<>();
-        NetworkStatsProviderCallback providerCallback = null;
+        OffloadTetheringStatsProvider provider = new OffloadTetheringStatsProvider();
         try {
-            providerCallback = nsm.registerNetworkStatsProvider(
-                    getClass().getSimpleName(), mStatsProvider);
+            nsm.registerNetworkStatsProvider(getClass().getSimpleName(), provider);
         } catch (RuntimeException e) {
             Log.wtf(TAG, "Cannot register offload stats provider: " + e);
+            provider = null;
         }
-        mStatsProviderCb = providerCallback;
+        mStatsProvider = provider;
     }
 
     /** Start hardware offload. */
@@ -185,7 +183,7 @@
                         // and we need to synchronize stats and limits between
                         // software and hardware forwarding.
                         updateStatsForAllUpstreams();
-                        mStatsProvider.pushTetherStats();
+                        if (mStatsProvider != null) mStatsProvider.pushTetherStats();
                     }
 
                     @Override
@@ -198,7 +196,7 @@
                         // limits set take into account any software tethering
                         // traffic that has been happening in the meantime.
                         updateStatsForAllUpstreams();
-                        mStatsProvider.pushTetherStats();
+                        if (mStatsProvider != null) mStatsProvider.pushTetherStats();
                         // [2] (Re)Push all state.
                         computeAndPushLocalPrefixes(UpdateType.FORCE);
                         pushAllDownstreamState();
@@ -217,10 +215,12 @@
                         // TODO: rev the HAL so that it provides an interface name.
 
                         updateStatsForCurrentUpstream();
-                        mStatsProvider.pushTetherStats();
-                        // Push stats to service does not cause the service react to it immediately.
-                        // Inform the service about limit reached.
-                        if (mStatsProviderCb != null) mStatsProviderCb.onLimitReached();
+                        if (mStatsProvider != null) {
+                            mStatsProvider.pushTetherStats();
+                            // Push stats to service does not cause the service react to it
+                            // immediately. Inform the service about limit reached.
+                            mStatsProvider.notifyLimitReached();
+                        }
                     }
 
                     @Override
@@ -263,13 +263,17 @@
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    class OffloadTetheringStatsProvider extends AbstractNetworkStatsProvider {
+    class OffloadTetheringStatsProvider extends NetworkStatsProvider {
         // These stats must only ever be touched on the handler thread.
         @NonNull
         private NetworkStats mIfaceStats = new NetworkStats(0L, 0);
         @NonNull
         private NetworkStats mUidStats = new NetworkStats(0L, 0);
 
+        /**
+         * A helper function that collect tether stats from local hashmap. Note that this does not
+         * invoke binder call.
+         */
         @VisibleForTesting
         @NonNull
         NetworkStats getTetherStats(@NonNull StatsType how) {
@@ -287,7 +291,7 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void setLimit(String iface, long quotaBytes) {
+        public void onSetLimit(String iface, long quotaBytes) {
             // Listen for all iface is necessary since upstream might be changed after limit
             // is set.
             mHandler.post(() -> {
@@ -315,13 +319,12 @@
          */
         public void pushTetherStats() {
             // TODO: remove the accumulated stats and report the diff from HAL directly.
-            if (null == mStatsProviderCb) return;
             final NetworkStats ifaceDiff =
                     getTetherStats(StatsType.STATS_PER_IFACE).subtract(mIfaceStats);
             final NetworkStats uidDiff =
                     getTetherStats(StatsType.STATS_PER_UID).subtract(mUidStats);
             try {
-                mStatsProviderCb.onStatsUpdated(0 /* token */, ifaceDiff, uidDiff);
+                notifyStatsUpdated(0 /* token */, ifaceDiff, uidDiff);
                 mIfaceStats = mIfaceStats.add(ifaceDiff);
                 mUidStats = mUidStats.add(uidDiff);
             } catch (RuntimeException e) {
@@ -330,7 +333,7 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void requestStatsUpdate(int token) {
+        public void onRequestStatsUpdate(int token) {
             // Do not attempt to update stats by querying the offload HAL
             // synchronously from a different thread than the Handler thread. http://b/64771555.
             mHandler.post(() -> {
@@ -340,7 +343,7 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void setAlert(long quotaBytes) {
+        public void onSetAlert(long quotaBytes) {
             // TODO: Ask offload HAL to notify alert without stopping traffic.
         }
     }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/Tethering.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/Tethering.java
index f89da84..3d8dbab 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/Tethering.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/Tethering.java
@@ -59,10 +59,8 @@
 import static android.telephony.CarrierConfigManager.ACTION_CARRIER_CONFIG_CHANGED;
 import static android.telephony.SubscriptionManager.INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID;
 
-import android.app.Notification;
-import android.app.NotificationChannel;
-import android.app.NotificationManager;
-import android.app.PendingIntent;
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.tethering.TetheringNotificationUpdater.DOWNSTREAM_NONE;
+
 import android.app.usage.NetworkStatsManager;
 import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
 import android.bluetooth.BluetoothPan;
@@ -72,7 +70,6 @@
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.IntentFilter;
-import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.hardware.usb.UsbManager;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
 import android.net.EthernetManager;
@@ -128,7 +125,6 @@
 import com.android.internal.util.MessageUtils;
 import com.android.internal.util.State;
 import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
-import com.android.networkstack.tethering.R;
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
@@ -224,14 +220,13 @@
     private final ActiveDataSubIdListener mActiveDataSubIdListener;
     private final ConnectedClientsTracker mConnectedClientsTracker;
     private final TetheringThreadExecutor mExecutor;
+    private final TetheringNotificationUpdater mNotificationUpdater;
     private int mActiveDataSubId = INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID;
     // All the usage of mTetheringEventCallback should run in the same thread.
     private ITetheringEventCallback mTetheringEventCallback = null;
 
     private volatile TetheringConfiguration mConfig;
     private InterfaceSet mCurrentUpstreamIfaceSet;
-    private Notification.Builder mTetheredNotificationBuilder;
-    private int mLastNotificationId;
 
     private boolean mRndisEnabled;       // track the RNDIS function enabled state
     // True iff. WiFi tethering should be started when soft AP is ready.
@@ -255,6 +250,7 @@
         mContext = mDeps.getContext();
         mNetd = mDeps.getINetd(mContext);
         mLooper = mDeps.getTetheringLooper();
+        mNotificationUpdater = mDeps.getNotificationUpdater(mContext);
 
         mPublicSync = new Object();
 
@@ -738,13 +734,10 @@
         final ArrayList<String> erroredList = new ArrayList<>();
         final ArrayList<Integer> lastErrorList = new ArrayList<>();
 
-        boolean wifiTethered = false;
-        boolean usbTethered = false;
-        boolean bluetoothTethered = false;
-
         final TetheringConfiguration cfg = mConfig;
         mTetherStatesParcel = new TetherStatesParcel();
 
+        int downstreamTypesMask = DOWNSTREAM_NONE;
         synchronized (mPublicSync) {
             for (int i = 0; i < mTetherStates.size(); i++) {
                 TetherState tetherState = mTetherStates.valueAt(i);
@@ -758,11 +751,11 @@
                     localOnlyList.add(iface);
                 } else if (tetherState.lastState == IpServer.STATE_TETHERED) {
                     if (cfg.isUsb(iface)) {
-                        usbTethered = true;
+                        downstreamTypesMask |= (1 << TETHERING_USB);
                     } else if (cfg.isWifi(iface)) {
-                        wifiTethered = true;
+                        downstreamTypesMask |= (1 << TETHERING_WIFI);
                     } else if (cfg.isBluetooth(iface)) {
-                        bluetoothTethered = true;
+                        downstreamTypesMask |= (1 << TETHERING_BLUETOOTH);
                     }
                     tetherList.add(iface);
                 }
@@ -796,98 +789,7 @@
                     "error", TextUtils.join(",", erroredList)));
         }
 
-        if (usbTethered) {
-            if (wifiTethered || bluetoothTethered) {
-                showTetheredNotification(R.drawable.stat_sys_tether_general);
-            } else {
-                showTetheredNotification(R.drawable.stat_sys_tether_usb);
-            }
-        } else if (wifiTethered) {
-            if (bluetoothTethered) {
-                showTetheredNotification(R.drawable.stat_sys_tether_general);
-            } else {
-                /* We now have a status bar icon for WifiTethering, so drop the notification */
-                clearTetheredNotification();
-            }
-        } else if (bluetoothTethered) {
-            showTetheredNotification(R.drawable.stat_sys_tether_bluetooth);
-        } else {
-            clearTetheredNotification();
-        }
-    }
-
-    private void showTetheredNotification(int id) {
-        showTetheredNotification(id, true);
-    }
-
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    protected void showTetheredNotification(int id, boolean tetheringOn) {
-        NotificationManager notificationManager =
-                (NotificationManager) mContext.createContextAsUser(UserHandle.ALL, 0)
-                        .getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
-        if (notificationManager == null) {
-            return;
-        }
-        final NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(
-                "TETHERING_STATUS",
-                mContext.getResources().getString(R.string.notification_channel_tethering_status),
-                NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW);
-        notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
-
-        if (mLastNotificationId != 0) {
-            if (mLastNotificationId == id) {
-                return;
-            }
-            notificationManager.cancel(null, mLastNotificationId);
-            mLastNotificationId = 0;
-        }
-
-        Intent intent = new Intent();
-        intent.setClassName("com.android.settings", "com.android.settings.TetherSettings");
-        intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY);
-
-        PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(
-                mContext.createContextAsUser(UserHandle.CURRENT, 0), 0, intent, 0, null);
-
-        Resources r = mContext.getResources();
-        final CharSequence title;
-        final CharSequence message;
-
-        if (tetheringOn) {
-            title = r.getText(R.string.tethered_notification_title);
-            message = r.getText(R.string.tethered_notification_message);
-        } else {
-            title = r.getText(R.string.disable_tether_notification_title);
-            message = r.getText(R.string.disable_tether_notification_message);
-        }
-
-        if (mTetheredNotificationBuilder == null) {
-            mTetheredNotificationBuilder = new Notification.Builder(mContext, channel.getId());
-            mTetheredNotificationBuilder.setWhen(0)
-                    .setOngoing(true)
-                    .setColor(mContext.getColor(
-                            android.R.color.system_notification_accent_color))
-                    .setVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PUBLIC)
-                    .setCategory(Notification.CATEGORY_STATUS);
-        }
-        mTetheredNotificationBuilder.setSmallIcon(id)
-                .setContentTitle(title)
-                .setContentText(message)
-                .setContentIntent(pi);
-        mLastNotificationId = id;
-
-        notificationManager.notify(null, mLastNotificationId, mTetheredNotificationBuilder.build());
-    }
-
-    @VisibleForTesting
-    protected void clearTetheredNotification() {
-        NotificationManager notificationManager =
-                (NotificationManager) mContext.createContextAsUser(UserHandle.ALL, 0)
-                        .getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
-        if (notificationManager != null && mLastNotificationId != 0) {
-            notificationManager.cancel(null, mLastNotificationId);
-            mLastNotificationId = 0;
-        }
+        mNotificationUpdater.onDownstreamChanged(downstreamTypesMask);
     }
 
     private class StateReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@@ -1081,12 +983,10 @@
                 return;
             }
 
-            mWrapper.clearTetheredNotification();
+            // TODO: Add user restrictions notification.
             final boolean isTetheringActiveOnDevice = (mWrapper.getTetheredIfaces().length != 0);
 
             if (newlyDisallowed && isTetheringActiveOnDevice) {
-                mWrapper.showTetheredNotification(
-                        R.drawable.stat_sys_tether_general, false);
                 mWrapper.untetherAll();
                 // TODO(b/148139325): send tetheringSupported on restriction change
             }
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java
index e019c3a..0330dad 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/TetheringDependencies.java
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.Looper;
 
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+
 import com.android.internal.util.StateMachine;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -102,6 +104,13 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Get a reference to the TetheringNotificationUpdater to be used by tethering.
+     */
+    public TetheringNotificationUpdater getNotificationUpdater(@NonNull final Context ctx) {
+        return new TetheringNotificationUpdater(ctx);
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Get tethering thread looper.
      */
     public abstract Looper getTetheringLooper();
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/TetheringNotificationUpdater.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/TetheringNotificationUpdater.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b97f752
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/TetheringNotificationUpdater.java
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity.tethering;
+
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_BLUETOOTH;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_USB;
+import static android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_WIFI;
+
+import android.app.Notification;
+import android.app.NotificationChannel;
+import android.app.NotificationManager;
+import android.app.PendingIntent;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.content.res.Resources;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
+import android.provider.Settings;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import androidx.annotation.ArrayRes;
+import androidx.annotation.DrawableRes;
+import androidx.annotation.IntRange;
+import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.networkstack.tethering.R;
+
+/**
+ * A class to display tethering-related notifications.
+ *
+ * <p>This class is not thread safe, it is intended to be used only from the tethering handler
+ * thread. However the constructor is an exception, as it is called on another thread ;
+ * therefore for thread safety all members of this class MUST either be final or initialized
+ * to their default value (0, false or null).
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class TetheringNotificationUpdater {
+    private static final String TAG = TetheringNotificationUpdater.class.getSimpleName();
+    private static final String CHANNEL_ID = "TETHERING_STATUS";
+    private static final boolean NOTIFY_DONE = true;
+    private static final boolean NO_NOTIFY = false;
+    // Id to update and cancel tethering notification. Must be unique within the tethering app.
+    private static final int NOTIFY_ID = 20191115;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int NO_ICON_ID = 0;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    static final int DOWNSTREAM_NONE = 0;
+    private final Context mContext;
+    private final NotificationManager mNotificationManager;
+    private final NotificationChannel mChannel;
+    // Downstream type is one of ConnectivityManager.TETHERING_* constants, 0 1 or 2.
+    // This value has to be made 1 2 and 4, and OR'd with the others.
+    // WARNING : the constructor is called on a different thread. Thread safety therefore
+    // relies on this value being initialized to 0, and not any other value. If you need
+    // to change this, you will need to change the thread where the constructor is invoked,
+    // or to introduce synchronization.
+    private int mDownstreamTypesMask = DOWNSTREAM_NONE;
+
+    public TetheringNotificationUpdater(@NonNull final Context context) {
+        mContext = context;
+        mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) context.createContextAsUser(UserHandle.ALL, 0)
+                .getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
+        mChannel = new NotificationChannel(
+                CHANNEL_ID,
+                context.getResources().getString(R.string.notification_channel_tethering_status),
+                NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW);
+        mNotificationManager.createNotificationChannel(mChannel);
+    }
+
+    /** Called when downstream has changed */
+    public void onDownstreamChanged(@IntRange(from = 0, to = 7) final int downstreamTypesMask) {
+        if (mDownstreamTypesMask == downstreamTypesMask) return;
+        mDownstreamTypesMask = downstreamTypesMask;
+        updateNotification();
+    }
+
+    private void updateNotification() {
+        final boolean tetheringInactive = mDownstreamTypesMask <= DOWNSTREAM_NONE;
+
+        if (tetheringInactive || setupNotification() == NO_NOTIFY) {
+            clearNotification();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void clearNotification() {
+        mNotificationManager.cancel(null /* tag */, NOTIFY_ID);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the downstream types mask which convert from given string.
+     *
+     * @param types This string has to be made by "WIFI", "USB", "BT", and OR'd with the others.
+     *
+     * @return downstream types mask value.
+     */
+    @IntRange(from = 0, to = 7)
+    private int getDownstreamTypesMask(@NonNull final String types) {
+        int downstreamTypesMask = DOWNSTREAM_NONE;
+        final String[] downstreams = types.split("\\|");
+        for (String downstream : downstreams) {
+            if ("USB".equals(downstream.trim())) {
+                downstreamTypesMask |= (1 << TETHERING_USB);
+            } else if ("WIFI".equals(downstream.trim())) {
+                downstreamTypesMask |= (1 << TETHERING_WIFI);
+            } else if ("BT".equals(downstream.trim())) {
+                downstreamTypesMask |= (1 << TETHERING_BLUETOOTH);
+            }
+        }
+        return downstreamTypesMask;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the icons {@link android.util.SparseArray} which get from given string-array resource
+     * id.
+     *
+     * @param id String-array resource id
+     *
+     * @return {@link android.util.SparseArray} with downstream types and icon id info.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    private SparseArray<Integer> getIcons(@ArrayRes int id) {
+        final Resources res = mContext.getResources();
+        final String[] array = res.getStringArray(id);
+        final SparseArray<Integer> icons = new SparseArray<>();
+        for (String config : array) {
+            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(config)) continue;
+
+            final String[] elements = config.split(";");
+            if (elements.length != 2) {
+                Log.wtf(TAG,
+                        "Unexpected format in Tethering notification configuration : " + config);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            final String[] types = elements[0].split(",");
+            for (String type : types) {
+                int mask = getDownstreamTypesMask(type);
+                if (mask == DOWNSTREAM_NONE) continue;
+                icons.put(mask, res.getIdentifier(
+                        elements[1].trim(), null /* defType */, null /* defPackage */));
+            }
+        }
+        return icons;
+    }
+
+    private boolean setupNotification() {
+        final Resources res = mContext.getResources();
+        final SparseArray<Integer> downstreamIcons = getIcons(R.array.tethering_notification_icons);
+
+        final int iconId = downstreamIcons.get(mDownstreamTypesMask, NO_ICON_ID);
+        if (iconId == NO_ICON_ID) return NO_NOTIFY;
+
+        final String title = res.getString(R.string.tethering_notification_title);
+        final String message = res.getString(R.string.tethering_notification_message);
+
+        showNotification(iconId, title, message);
+        return NOTIFY_DONE;
+    }
+
+    private void showNotification(@DrawableRes final int iconId, @NonNull final String title,
+            @NonNull final String message) {
+        final Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_TETHER_SETTINGS);
+        final PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(
+                mContext.createContextAsUser(UserHandle.CURRENT, 0),
+                0 /* requestCode */, intent, 0 /* flags */, null /* options */);
+        final Notification notification =
+                new Notification.Builder(mContext, mChannel.getId())
+                        .setSmallIcon(iconId)
+                        .setContentTitle(title)
+                        .setContentText(message)
+                        .setOngoing(true)
+                        .setColor(mContext.getColor(
+                                android.R.color.system_notification_accent_color))
+                        .setVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PUBLIC)
+                        .setCategory(Notification.CATEGORY_STATUS)
+                        .setContentIntent(pi)
+                        .build();
+
+        mNotificationManager.notify(null /* tag */, NOTIFY_ID, notification);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/TetheredClientTest.kt b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/TetheredClientTest.kt
index d85389a..a20a0df 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/TetheredClientTest.kt
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/android/net/TetheredClientTest.kt
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.net.TetheredClient.AddressInfo
 import android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_BLUETOOTH
 import android.net.TetheringManager.TETHERING_USB
+import android.system.OsConstants.RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4
 import com.android.testutils.assertParcelSane
@@ -30,11 +31,19 @@
 
 private val TEST_MACADDR = MacAddress.fromBytes(byteArrayOf(12, 23, 34, 45, 56, 67))
 private val TEST_OTHER_MACADDR = MacAddress.fromBytes(byteArrayOf(23, 34, 45, 56, 67, 78))
-private val TEST_ADDR1 = LinkAddress(parseNumericAddress("192.168.113.3"), 24)
-private val TEST_ADDR2 = LinkAddress(parseNumericAddress("fe80::1:2:3"), 64)
+private val TEST_ADDR1 = makeLinkAddress("192.168.113.3", prefixLength = 24, expTime = 123L)
+private val TEST_ADDR2 = makeLinkAddress("fe80::1:2:3", prefixLength = 64, expTime = 456L)
 private val TEST_ADDRINFO1 = AddressInfo(TEST_ADDR1, "test_hostname")
 private val TEST_ADDRINFO2 = AddressInfo(TEST_ADDR2, null)
 
+private fun makeLinkAddress(addr: String, prefixLength: Int, expTime: Long) = LinkAddress(
+        parseNumericAddress(addr),
+        prefixLength,
+        0 /* flags */,
+        RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE,
+        expTime /* deprecationTime */,
+        expTime /* expirationTime */)
+
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
 @SmallTest
 class TetheredClientTest {
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/ConnectedClientsTrackerTest.kt b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/ConnectedClientsTrackerTest.kt
index 56f3e21..1cdc3bb 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/ConnectedClientsTrackerTest.kt
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/ConnectedClientsTrackerTest.kt
@@ -46,23 +46,28 @@
 
     private val client1Addr = MacAddress.fromString("01:23:45:67:89:0A")
     private val client1 = TetheredClient(client1Addr, listOf(
-            AddressInfo(LinkAddress("192.168.43.44/32"), null /* hostname */, clock.time + 20)),
+            makeAddrInfo("192.168.43.44/32", null /* hostname */, clock.time + 20)),
             TETHERING_WIFI)
     private val wifiClient1 = makeWifiClient(client1Addr)
     private val client2Addr = MacAddress.fromString("02:34:56:78:90:AB")
-    private val client2Exp30AddrInfo = AddressInfo(
-            LinkAddress("192.168.43.45/32"), "my_hostname", clock.time + 30)
+    private val client2Exp30AddrInfo = makeAddrInfo(
+            "192.168.43.45/32", "my_hostname", clock.time + 30)
     private val client2 = TetheredClient(client2Addr, listOf(
             client2Exp30AddrInfo,
-            AddressInfo(LinkAddress("2001:db8:12::34/72"), "other_hostname", clock.time + 10)),
+            makeAddrInfo("2001:db8:12::34/72", "other_hostname", clock.time + 10)),
             TETHERING_WIFI)
     private val wifiClient2 = makeWifiClient(client2Addr)
     private val client3Addr = MacAddress.fromString("03:45:67:89:0A:BC")
     private val client3 = TetheredClient(client3Addr,
-            listOf(AddressInfo(LinkAddress("2001:db8:34::34/72"), "other_other_hostname",
-                    clock.time + 10)),
+            listOf(makeAddrInfo("2001:db8:34::34/72", "other_other_hostname", clock.time + 10)),
             TETHERING_USB)
 
+    private fun makeAddrInfo(addr: String, hostname: String?, expTime: Long) =
+            LinkAddress(addr).let {
+                AddressInfo(LinkAddress(it.address, it.prefixLength, it.flags, it.scope,
+                        expTime /* deprecationTime */, expTime /* expirationTime */), hostname)
+            }
+
     @Test
     fun testUpdateConnectedClients() {
         doReturn(emptyList<TetheredClient>()).`when`(server1).allLeases
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/OffloadControllerTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/OffloadControllerTest.java
index 7e62e5a..1d100e6 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/OffloadControllerTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/OffloadControllerTest.java
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAssertsKt.assertThrows;
 import static com.android.testutils.NetworkStatsUtilsKt.orderInsensitiveEquals;
 
+import static junit.framework.Assert.assertNotNull;
+
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
@@ -61,8 +63,7 @@
 import android.net.NetworkStats;
 import android.net.NetworkStats.Entry;
 import android.net.RouteInfo;
-import android.net.netstats.provider.AbstractNetworkStatsProvider;
-import android.net.netstats.provider.NetworkStatsProviderCallback;
+import android.net.netstats.provider.INetworkStatsProviderCallback;
 import android.net.util.SharedLog;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.Looper;
@@ -108,12 +109,10 @@
     @Mock private ApplicationInfo mApplicationInfo;
     @Mock private Context mContext;
     @Mock private NetworkStatsManager mStatsManager;
-    @Mock private NetworkStatsProviderCallback mTetherStatsProviderCb;
+    @Mock private INetworkStatsProviderCallback mTetherStatsProviderCb;
+    private OffloadController.OffloadTetheringStatsProvider mTetherStatsProvider;
     private final ArgumentCaptor<ArrayList> mStringArrayCaptor =
             ArgumentCaptor.forClass(ArrayList.class);
-    private final ArgumentCaptor<OffloadController.OffloadTetheringStatsProvider>
-            mTetherStatsProviderCaptor =
-            ArgumentCaptor.forClass(OffloadController.OffloadTetheringStatsProvider.class);
     private final ArgumentCaptor<OffloadHardwareInterface.ControlCallback> mControlCallbackCaptor =
             ArgumentCaptor.forClass(OffloadHardwareInterface.ControlCallback.class);
     private MockContentResolver mContentResolver;
@@ -126,8 +125,6 @@
         mContentResolver.addProvider(Settings.AUTHORITY, new FakeSettingsProvider());
         when(mContext.getContentResolver()).thenReturn(mContentResolver);
         FakeSettingsProvider.clearSettingsProvider();
-        when(mStatsManager.registerNetworkStatsProvider(anyString(), any()))
-                .thenReturn(mTetherStatsProviderCb);
     }
 
     @After public void tearDown() throws Exception {
@@ -154,8 +151,14 @@
     private OffloadController makeOffloadController() throws Exception {
         OffloadController offload = new OffloadController(new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()),
                 mHardware, mContentResolver, mStatsManager, new SharedLog("test"));
+        final ArgumentCaptor<OffloadController.OffloadTetheringStatsProvider>
+                tetherStatsProviderCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(OffloadController.OffloadTetheringStatsProvider.class);
         verify(mStatsManager).registerNetworkStatsProvider(anyString(),
-                mTetherStatsProviderCaptor.capture());
+                tetherStatsProviderCaptor.capture());
+        mTetherStatsProvider = tetherStatsProviderCaptor.getValue();
+        assertNotNull(mTetherStatsProvider);
+        mTetherStatsProvider.setProviderCallbackBinder(mTetherStatsProviderCb);
         return offload;
     }
 
@@ -413,9 +416,6 @@
         final OffloadController offload = makeOffloadController();
         offload.start();
 
-        final OffloadController.OffloadTetheringStatsProvider provider =
-                mTetherStatsProviderCaptor.getValue();
-
         final String ethernetIface = "eth1";
         final String mobileIface = "rmnet_data0";
 
@@ -443,8 +443,8 @@
         inOrder.verify(mHardware, times(1)).getForwardedStats(eq(mobileIface));
 
         // Verify that the fetched stats are stored.
-        final NetworkStats ifaceStats = provider.getTetherStats(STATS_PER_IFACE);
-        final NetworkStats uidStats = provider.getTetherStats(STATS_PER_UID);
+        final NetworkStats ifaceStats = mTetherStatsProvider.getTetherStats(STATS_PER_IFACE);
+        final NetworkStats uidStats = mTetherStatsProvider.getTetherStats(STATS_PER_UID);
         final NetworkStats expectedIfaceStats = new NetworkStats(0L, 2)
                 .addValues(buildTestEntry(STATS_PER_IFACE, mobileIface, 999, 99999))
                 .addValues(buildTestEntry(STATS_PER_IFACE, ethernetIface, 12345, 54321));
@@ -462,13 +462,12 @@
                 NetworkStats.class);
 
         // Force pushing stats update to verify the stats reported.
-        provider.pushTetherStats();
-        verify(mTetherStatsProviderCb, times(1)).onStatsUpdated(anyInt(),
-                ifaceStatsCaptor.capture(), uidStatsCaptor.capture());
+        mTetherStatsProvider.pushTetherStats();
+        verify(mTetherStatsProviderCb, times(1))
+                .notifyStatsUpdated(anyInt(), ifaceStatsCaptor.capture(), uidStatsCaptor.capture());
         assertTrue(orderInsensitiveEquals(expectedIfaceStats, ifaceStatsCaptor.getValue()));
         assertTrue(orderInsensitiveEquals(expectedUidStats, uidStatsCaptor.getValue()));
 
-
         when(mHardware.getForwardedStats(eq(ethernetIface))).thenReturn(
                 new ForwardedStats(100000, 100000));
         offload.setUpstreamLinkProperties(null);
@@ -483,8 +482,8 @@
         inOrder.verifyNoMoreInteractions();
 
         // Verify that the stored stats is accumulated.
-        final NetworkStats ifaceStatsAccu = provider.getTetherStats(STATS_PER_IFACE);
-        final NetworkStats uidStatsAccu = provider.getTetherStats(STATS_PER_UID);
+        final NetworkStats ifaceStatsAccu = mTetherStatsProvider.getTetherStats(STATS_PER_IFACE);
+        final NetworkStats uidStatsAccu = mTetherStatsProvider.getTetherStats(STATS_PER_UID);
         final NetworkStats expectedIfaceStatsAccu = new NetworkStats(0L, 2)
                 .addValues(buildTestEntry(STATS_PER_IFACE, mobileIface, 999, 99999))
                 .addValues(buildTestEntry(STATS_PER_IFACE, ethernetIface, 112345, 154321));
@@ -498,7 +497,7 @@
 
         // Verify that only diff of stats is reported.
         reset(mTetherStatsProviderCb);
-        provider.pushTetherStats();
+        mTetherStatsProvider.pushTetherStats();
         final NetworkStats expectedIfaceStatsDiff = new NetworkStats(0L, 2)
                 .addValues(buildTestEntry(STATS_PER_IFACE, mobileIface, 0, 0))
                 .addValues(buildTestEntry(STATS_PER_IFACE, ethernetIface, 100000, 100000));
@@ -506,8 +505,8 @@
         final NetworkStats expectedUidStatsDiff = new NetworkStats(0L, 2)
                 .addValues(buildTestEntry(STATS_PER_UID, mobileIface, 0, 0))
                 .addValues(buildTestEntry(STATS_PER_UID, ethernetIface, 100000, 100000));
-        verify(mTetherStatsProviderCb, times(1)).onStatsUpdated(anyInt(),
-                ifaceStatsCaptor.capture(), uidStatsCaptor.capture());
+        verify(mTetherStatsProviderCb, times(1))
+                .notifyStatsUpdated(anyInt(), ifaceStatsCaptor.capture(), uidStatsCaptor.capture());
         assertTrue(orderInsensitiveEquals(expectedIfaceStatsDiff, ifaceStatsCaptor.getValue()));
         assertTrue(orderInsensitiveEquals(expectedUidStatsDiff, uidStatsCaptor.getValue()));
     }
@@ -529,19 +528,18 @@
         lp.setInterfaceName(ethernetIface);
         offload.setUpstreamLinkProperties(lp);
 
-        AbstractNetworkStatsProvider provider = mTetherStatsProviderCaptor.getValue();
         final InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mHardware);
         when(mHardware.setUpstreamParameters(any(), any(), any(), any())).thenReturn(true);
         when(mHardware.setDataLimit(anyString(), anyLong())).thenReturn(true);
 
         // Applying an interface quota to the current upstream immediately sends it to the hardware.
-        provider.setLimit(ethernetIface, ethernetLimit);
+        mTetherStatsProvider.onSetLimit(ethernetIface, ethernetLimit);
         waitForIdle();
         inOrder.verify(mHardware).setDataLimit(ethernetIface, ethernetLimit);
         inOrder.verifyNoMoreInteractions();
 
         // Applying an interface quota to another upstream does not take any immediate action.
-        provider.setLimit(mobileIface, mobileLimit);
+        mTetherStatsProvider.onSetLimit(mobileIface, mobileLimit);
         waitForIdle();
         inOrder.verify(mHardware, never()).setDataLimit(anyString(), anyLong());
 
@@ -554,7 +552,7 @@
 
         // Setting a limit of ITetheringStatsProvider.QUOTA_UNLIMITED causes the limit to be set
         // to Long.MAX_VALUE.
-        provider.setLimit(mobileIface, ITetheringStatsProvider.QUOTA_UNLIMITED);
+        mTetherStatsProvider.onSetLimit(mobileIface, ITetheringStatsProvider.QUOTA_UNLIMITED);
         waitForIdle();
         inOrder.verify(mHardware).setDataLimit(mobileIface, Long.MAX_VALUE);
 
@@ -562,7 +560,7 @@
         when(mHardware.setUpstreamParameters(any(), any(), any(), any())).thenReturn(false);
         lp.setInterfaceName(ethernetIface);
         offload.setUpstreamLinkProperties(lp);
-        provider.setLimit(mobileIface, mobileLimit);
+        mTetherStatsProvider.onSetLimit(mobileIface, mobileLimit);
         waitForIdle();
         inOrder.verify(mHardware, never()).setDataLimit(anyString(), anyLong());
 
@@ -571,7 +569,7 @@
         when(mHardware.setDataLimit(anyString(), anyLong())).thenReturn(false);
         lp.setInterfaceName(mobileIface);
         offload.setUpstreamLinkProperties(lp);
-        provider.setLimit(mobileIface, mobileLimit);
+        mTetherStatsProvider.onSetLimit(mobileIface, mobileLimit);
         waitForIdle();
         inOrder.verify(mHardware).getForwardedStats(ethernetIface);
         inOrder.verify(mHardware).stopOffloadControl();
@@ -587,7 +585,7 @@
 
         OffloadHardwareInterface.ControlCallback callback = mControlCallbackCaptor.getValue();
         callback.onStoppedLimitReached();
-        verify(mTetherStatsProviderCb, times(1)).onStatsUpdated(anyInt(), any(), any());
+        verify(mTetherStatsProviderCb, times(1)).notifyStatsUpdated(anyInt(), any(), any());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -691,7 +689,7 @@
         verify(mHardware, times(1)).getForwardedStats(eq(RMNET0));
         verify(mHardware, times(1)).getForwardedStats(eq(WLAN0));
         // TODO: verify the exact stats reported.
-        verify(mTetherStatsProviderCb, times(1)).onStatsUpdated(anyInt(), any(), any());
+        verify(mTetherStatsProviderCb, times(1)).notifyStatsUpdated(anyInt(), any(), any());
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mTetherStatsProviderCb);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mHardware);
     }
@@ -756,7 +754,7 @@
         // Verify forwarded stats behaviour.
         verify(mHardware, times(1)).getForwardedStats(eq(RMNET0));
         verify(mHardware, times(1)).getForwardedStats(eq(WLAN0));
-        verify(mTetherStatsProviderCb, times(1)).onStatsUpdated(anyInt(), any(), any());
+        verify(mTetherStatsProviderCb, times(1)).notifyStatsUpdated(anyInt(), any(), any());
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mTetherStatsProviderCb);
 
         // TODO: verify local prefixes and downstreams are also pushed to the HAL.
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/TetheringTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/TetheringTest.java
index af7ad66..820c852 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/TetheringTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/server/connectivity/tethering/TetheringTest.java
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@
 import static android.net.wifi.WifiManager.WIFI_AP_STATE_ENABLED;
 import static android.telephony.SubscriptionManager.INVALID_SUBSCRIPTION_ID;
 
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.tethering.TetheringNotificationUpdater.DOWNSTREAM_NONE;
+
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
@@ -53,7 +55,6 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.argThat;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.notNull;
-import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
@@ -188,6 +189,7 @@
     @Mock private NetworkRequest mNetworkRequest;
     @Mock private ConnectivityManager mCm;
     @Mock private EthernetManager mEm;
+    @Mock private TetheringNotificationUpdater mNotificationUpdater;
 
     private final MockIpServerDependencies mIpServerDependencies =
             spy(new MockIpServerDependencies());
@@ -207,6 +209,7 @@
     private PhoneStateListener mPhoneStateListener;
     private InterfaceConfigurationParcel mInterfaceConfiguration;
 
+
     private class TestContext extends BroadcastInterceptingContext {
         TestContext(Context base) {
             super(base);
@@ -249,11 +252,6 @@
             if (TelephonyManager.class.equals(serviceClass)) return Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE;
             return super.getSystemServiceName(serviceClass);
         }
-
-        @Override
-        public Context createContextAsUser(UserHandle user, int flags) {
-            return mContext;
-        }
     }
 
     public class MockIpServerDependencies extends IpServer.Dependencies {
@@ -315,12 +313,10 @@
     public class MockTetheringDependencies extends TetheringDependencies {
         StateMachine mUpstreamNetworkMonitorMasterSM;
         ArrayList<IpServer> mIpv6CoordinatorNotifyList;
-        int mIsTetheringSupportedCalls;
 
         public void reset() {
             mUpstreamNetworkMonitorMasterSM = null;
             mIpv6CoordinatorNotifyList = null;
-            mIsTetheringSupportedCalls = 0;
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -354,7 +350,6 @@
 
         @Override
         public boolean isTetheringSupported() {
-            mIsTetheringSupportedCalls++;
             return true;
         }
 
@@ -384,6 +379,11 @@
             // TODO: add test for bluetooth tethering.
             return null;
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public TetheringNotificationUpdater getNotificationUpdater(Context ctx) {
+            return mNotificationUpdater;
+        }
     }
 
     private static UpstreamNetworkState buildMobileUpstreamState(boolean withIPv4,
@@ -472,7 +472,6 @@
         when(mOffloadHardwareInterface.getForwardedStats(any())).thenReturn(mForwardedStats);
 
         mServiceContext = new TestContext(mContext);
-        when(mContext.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE)).thenReturn(null);
         mContentResolver = new MockContentResolver(mServiceContext);
         mContentResolver.addProvider(Settings.AUTHORITY, new FakeSettingsProvider());
         mIntents = new Vector<>();
@@ -605,7 +604,8 @@
         // it creates a IpServer and sends out a broadcast indicating that the
         // interface is "available".
         if (emulateInterfaceStatusChanged) {
-            assertEquals(1, mTetheringDependencies.mIsTetheringSupportedCalls);
+            // There is 1 IpServer state change event: STATE_AVAILABLE
+            verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(1)).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
             verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, EXTRA_AVAILABLE_TETHER);
             verify(mWifiManager).updateInterfaceIpState(
                     TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_UNSPECIFIED);
@@ -689,9 +689,8 @@
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
         verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, EXTRA_ACTIVE_LOCAL_ONLY);
         verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor, times(1)).startObserveAllNetworks();
-        // This will be called twice, one is on entering IpServer.STATE_AVAILABLE,
-        // and another one is on IpServer.STATE_TETHERED/IpServer.STATE_LOCAL_ONLY.
-        assertEquals(2, mTetheringDependencies.mIsTetheringSupportedCalls);
+        // There are 2 IpServer state change events: STATE_AVAILABLE -> STATE_LOCAL_ONLY
+        verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(2)).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
 
         // Emulate externally-visible WifiManager effects, when hotspot mode
         // is being torn down.
@@ -917,7 +916,8 @@
         sendWifiApStateChanged(WIFI_AP_STATE_ENABLED);
         mLooper.dispatchAll();
 
-        assertEquals(1, mTetheringDependencies.mIsTetheringSupportedCalls);
+        // There is 1 IpServer state change event: STATE_AVAILABLE
+        verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(1)).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
         verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, EXTRA_AVAILABLE_TETHER);
         verify(mWifiManager).updateInterfaceIpState(
                 TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_UNSPECIFIED);
@@ -961,9 +961,9 @@
         // In tethering mode, in the default configuration, an explicit request
         // for a mobile network is also made.
         verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor, times(1)).registerMobileNetworkRequest();
-        // This will be called twice, one is on entering IpServer.STATE_AVAILABLE,
-        // and another one is on IpServer.STATE_TETHERED/IpServer.STATE_LOCAL_ONLY.
-        assertEquals(2, mTetheringDependencies.mIsTetheringSupportedCalls);
+        // There are 2 IpServer state change events: STATE_AVAILABLE -> STATE_TETHERED
+        verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(1)).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
+        verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(1)).onDownstreamChanged(eq(1 << TETHERING_WIFI));
 
         /////
         // We do not currently emulate any upstream being found.
@@ -1034,9 +1034,10 @@
                 TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_UNSPECIFIED);
         verify(mWifiManager).updateInterfaceIpState(
                 TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, WifiManager.IFACE_IP_MODE_TETHERED);
-        // There are 3 state change event:
-        // AVAILABLE -> STATE_TETHERED -> STATE_AVAILABLE.
-        assertEquals(3, mTetheringDependencies.mIsTetheringSupportedCalls);
+        // There are 3 IpServer state change event:
+        //         STATE_AVAILABLE -> STATE_TETHERED -> STATE_AVAILABLE.
+        verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(2)).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
+        verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(1)).onDownstreamChanged(eq(1 << TETHERING_WIFI));
         verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, EXTRA_AVAILABLE_TETHER);
         // This is called, but will throw.
         verify(mNetd, times(1)).ipfwdEnableForwarding(TETHERING_NAME);
@@ -1071,9 +1072,6 @@
         ural.onUserRestrictionsChanged();
 
         verify(mockTethering, times(expectedInteractionsWithShowNotification))
-                .showTetheredNotification(anyInt(), eq(false));
-
-        verify(mockTethering, times(expectedInteractionsWithShowNotification))
                 .untetherAll();
     }
 
@@ -1429,9 +1427,8 @@
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
         verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_P2P_IFNAME, EXTRA_ACTIVE_LOCAL_ONLY);
         verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor, times(1)).startObserveAllNetworks();
-        // This will be called twice, one is on entering IpServer.STATE_AVAILABLE,
-        // and another one is on IpServer.STATE_TETHERED/IpServer.STATE_LOCAL_ONLY.
-        assertEquals(2, mTetheringDependencies.mIsTetheringSupportedCalls);
+        // There are 2 IpServer state change events: STATE_AVAILABLE -> STATE_LOCAL_ONLY
+        verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(2)).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
 
         assertEquals(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR, mTethering.getLastTetherError(TEST_P2P_IFNAME));