diff --git a/Cronet/tools/import/copy.bara.sky b/Cronet/tools/import/copy.bara.sky
index 64256a0..2acf8cd 100644
--- a/Cronet/tools/import/copy.bara.sky
+++ b/Cronet/tools/import/copy.bara.sky
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
     "**/Android.bp",
     "**/Android.mk",
 
-    # Exclude existing OWNERS files
-    "**/OWNERS",
+    # Exclude existing *OWNERS files
+    "**/*OWNERS",
 ]
 
 cronet_origin_files = glob(
diff --git a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsAccess.java b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsAccess.java
index b64fbdb..0585756 100644
--- a/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsAccess.java
+++ b/framework-t/src/android/net/NetworkStatsAccess.java
@@ -111,17 +111,18 @@
         final DevicePolicyManager mDpm = context.getSystemService(DevicePolicyManager.class);
         final TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager)
                 context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
-        boolean hasCarrierPrivileges;
-        final long token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+        final boolean hasCarrierPrivileges;
+        final boolean isDeviceOwner;
+        long token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
         try {
             hasCarrierPrivileges = tm != null
                     && tm.checkCarrierPrivilegesForPackageAnyPhone(callingPackage)
                             == TelephonyManager.CARRIER_PRIVILEGE_STATUS_HAS_ACCESS;
+            isDeviceOwner = mDpm != null && mDpm.isDeviceOwnerApp(callingPackage);
         } finally {
             Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(token);
         }
 
-        final boolean isDeviceOwner = mDpm != null && mDpm.isDeviceOwnerApp(callingPackage);
         final int appId = UserHandle.getAppId(callingUid);
 
         final boolean isNetworkStack = context.checkPermission(
@@ -135,15 +136,20 @@
             return NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICE;
         }
 
-        boolean hasAppOpsPermission = hasAppOpsPermission(context, callingUid, callingPackage);
+        final boolean hasAppOpsPermission =
+                hasAppOpsPermission(context, callingUid, callingPackage);
         if (hasAppOpsPermission || context.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(
                 READ_NETWORK_USAGE_HISTORY) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
             return NetworkStatsAccess.Level.DEVICESUMMARY;
         }
 
-        //TODO(b/169395065) Figure out if this flow makes sense in Device Owner mode.
-        boolean isProfileOwner = mDpm != null && (mDpm.isProfileOwnerApp(callingPackage)
-                || mDpm.isDeviceOwnerApp(callingPackage));
+        final boolean isProfileOwner;
+        token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+        try {
+            isProfileOwner = mDpm != null && mDpm.isProfileOwnerApp(callingPackage);
+        } finally {
+            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(token);
+        }
         if (isProfileOwner) {
             // Apps with the AppOps permission, profile owners, and apps with the privileged
             // permission can access data usage for all apps in this user/profile.
diff --git a/netd/BpfHandler.cpp b/netd/BpfHandler.cpp
index 7950ff7..2b773c9 100644
--- a/netd/BpfHandler.cpp
+++ b/netd/BpfHandler.cpp
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
     // cgroup if the program is pinned properly.
     // TODO: delete the if statement once all devices should support cgroup
     // socket filter (ie. the minimum kernel version required is 4.14).
-    if (!access(CGROUP_SOCKET_PROG_PATH, F_OK)) {
+    if (bpf::isAtLeastKernelVersion(4, 14, 0)) {
         RETURN_IF_NOT_OK(
                 attachProgramToCgroup(CGROUP_SOCKET_PROG_PATH, cg_fd, BPF_CGROUP_INET_SOCK_CREATE));
     }
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable.java
index fdd1478..c472a8f 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable.java
@@ -60,13 +60,21 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @NonNull
     private final WeakReference<MdnsSocketClientBase> weakRequestSender;
+    @NonNull
     private final MdnsPacketWriter packetWriter;
+    @NonNull
     private final String[] serviceTypeLabels;
+    @NonNull
     private final List<String> subtypes;
     private final boolean expectUnicastResponse;
     private final int transactionId;
+    @Nullable
     private final Network network;
+    private final boolean sendDiscoveryQueries;
+    @NonNull
+    private final List<MdnsResponse> servicesToResolve;
 
     EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable(
             @NonNull MdnsSocketClientBase requestSender,
@@ -75,7 +83,9 @@
             @NonNull Collection<String> subtypes,
             boolean expectUnicastResponse,
             int transactionId,
-            @Nullable Network network) {
+            @Nullable Network network,
+            boolean sendDiscoveryQueries,
+            @NonNull Collection<MdnsResponse> servicesToResolve) {
         weakRequestSender = new WeakReference<>(requestSender);
         this.packetWriter = packetWriter;
         serviceTypeLabels = TextUtils.split(serviceType, "\\.");
@@ -83,6 +93,8 @@
         this.expectUnicastResponse = expectUnicastResponse;
         this.transactionId = transactionId;
         this.network = network;
+        this.sendDiscoveryQueries = sendDiscoveryQueries;
+        this.servicesToResolve = new ArrayList<>(servicesToResolve);
     }
 
     // Incompatible return type for override of Callable#call().
@@ -96,9 +108,48 @@
                 return null;
             }
 
-            int numQuestions = 1;
-            if (!subtypes.isEmpty()) {
-                numQuestions += subtypes.size();
+            int numQuestions = 0;
+
+            if (sendDiscoveryQueries) {
+                numQuestions++; // Base service type
+                if (!subtypes.isEmpty()) {
+                    numQuestions += subtypes.size();
+                }
+            }
+
+            // List of (name, type) to query
+            final ArrayList<Pair<String[], Integer>> missingKnownAnswerRecords = new ArrayList<>();
+            for (MdnsResponse response : servicesToResolve) {
+                // In practice responses should always have at least one pointer record, since the
+                // record is added after creation in MdnsResponseDecoder. All PTR records point to
+                // the same instance name, since addPointerRecord is only called on instances
+                // obtained through MdnsResponseDecoder.findResponseWithPointer.
+                // TODO: also send queries to renew record TTL (as per RFC6762 7.1 no need to query
+                // if remaining TTL is more than half the original one, so send the queries if half
+                // the TTL has passed).
+                if (!response.hasPointerRecords() || response.isComplete()) continue;
+                final String[] instanceName = response.getPointerRecords().get(0).getPointer();
+                if (instanceName == null) continue;
+                if (!response.hasTextRecord()) {
+                    missingKnownAnswerRecords.add(new Pair<>(instanceName, MdnsRecord.TYPE_TXT));
+                }
+                if (!response.hasServiceRecord()) {
+                    missingKnownAnswerRecords.add(new Pair<>(instanceName, MdnsRecord.TYPE_SRV));
+                    // The hostname is not yet known, so queries for address records will be sent
+                    // the next time the EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable is enqueued if the reply does not
+                    // contain them. In practice, advertisers should include the address records
+                    // when queried for SRV, although it's not a MUST requirement (RFC6763 12.2).
+                } else if (!response.hasInet4AddressRecord() && !response.hasInet6AddressRecord()) {
+                    final String[] host = response.getServiceRecord().getServiceHost();
+                    missingKnownAnswerRecords.add(new Pair<>(host, MdnsRecord.TYPE_A));
+                    missingKnownAnswerRecords.add(new Pair<>(host, MdnsRecord.TYPE_AAAA));
+                }
+            }
+            numQuestions += missingKnownAnswerRecords.size();
+
+            if (numQuestions == 0) {
+                // No query to send
+                return null;
             }
 
             // Header.
@@ -109,28 +160,25 @@
             packetWriter.writeUInt16(0); // number of authority entries
             packetWriter.writeUInt16(0); // number of additional records
 
-            // Question(s). There will be one question for each (fqdn+subtype, recordType)
-          // combination,
-            // as well as one for each (fqdn, recordType) combination.
-
-            for (String subtype : subtypes) {
-                String[] labels = new String[serviceTypeLabels.length + 2];
-                labels[0] = MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_PREFIX + subtype;
-                labels[1] = MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_LABEL;
-                System.arraycopy(serviceTypeLabels, 0, labels, 2, serviceTypeLabels.length);
-
-                packetWriter.writeLabels(labels);
-                packetWriter.writeUInt16(MdnsRecord.TYPE_PTR);
-                packetWriter.writeUInt16(
-                        MdnsConstants.QCLASS_INTERNET
-                                | (expectUnicastResponse ? MdnsConstants.QCLASS_UNICAST : 0));
+            // Question(s) for missing records on known answers
+            for (Pair<String[], Integer> question : missingKnownAnswerRecords) {
+                writeQuestion(question.first, question.second);
             }
 
-            packetWriter.writeLabels(serviceTypeLabels);
-            packetWriter.writeUInt16(MdnsRecord.TYPE_PTR);
-            packetWriter.writeUInt16(
-                    MdnsConstants.QCLASS_INTERNET
-                            | (expectUnicastResponse ? MdnsConstants.QCLASS_UNICAST : 0));
+            // Question(s) for discovering other services with the type. There will be one question
+            // for each (fqdn+subtype, recordType) combination, as well as one for each (fqdn,
+            // recordType) combination.
+            if (sendDiscoveryQueries) {
+                for (String subtype : subtypes) {
+                    String[] labels = new String[serviceTypeLabels.length + 2];
+                    labels[0] = MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_PREFIX + subtype;
+                    labels[1] = MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_LABEL;
+                    System.arraycopy(serviceTypeLabels, 0, labels, 2, serviceTypeLabels.length);
+
+                    writeQuestion(labels, MdnsRecord.TYPE_PTR);
+                }
+                writeQuestion(serviceTypeLabels, MdnsRecord.TYPE_PTR);
+            }
 
             if (requestSender instanceof MdnsMultinetworkSocketClient) {
                 sendPacketToIpv4AndIpv6(requestSender, MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT, network);
@@ -159,6 +207,14 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private void writeQuestion(String[] labels, int type) throws IOException {
+        packetWriter.writeLabels(labels);
+        packetWriter.writeUInt16(type);
+        packetWriter.writeUInt16(
+                MdnsConstants.QCLASS_INTERNET
+                        | (expectUnicastResponse ? MdnsConstants.QCLASS_UNICAST : 0));
+    }
+
     private void sendPacketTo(MdnsSocketClientBase requestSender, InetSocketAddress address)
             throws IOException {
         DatagramPacket packet = packetWriter.getPacket(address);
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManager.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManager.java
index cc6b98b..67059e7 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManager.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManager.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.Manifest.permission;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
+import android.net.Network;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.ArrayMap;
 import android.util.Log;
@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@
 import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.util.MdnsLogger;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Map;
 
 /**
@@ -119,22 +119,10 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public synchronized void onResponseReceived(@NonNull MdnsResponse response) {
-        String[] name =
-                response.getPointerRecords().isEmpty()
-                        ? null
-                        : response.getPointerRecords().get(0).getName();
-        if (name != null) {
-            for (MdnsServiceTypeClient serviceTypeClient : serviceTypeClients.values()) {
-                String[] serviceType = serviceTypeClient.getServiceTypeLabels();
-                if ((Arrays.equals(name, serviceType)
-                        || ((name.length == (serviceType.length + 2))
-                        && name[1].equals(MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_LABEL)
-                        && MdnsRecord.labelsAreSuffix(serviceType, name)))) {
-                    serviceTypeClient.processResponse(response);
-                    return;
-                }
-            }
+    public synchronized void onResponseReceived(@NonNull MdnsPacket packet,
+            int interfaceIndex, Network network) {
+        for (MdnsServiceTypeClient serviceTypeClient : serviceTypeClients.values()) {
+            serviceTypeClient.processResponse(packet, interfaceIndex, network);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsMultinetworkSocketClient.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsMultinetworkSocketClient.java
index d959065..93972d9 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsMultinetworkSocketClient.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsMultinetworkSocketClient.java
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 
@@ -48,7 +47,6 @@
 
     @NonNull private final Handler mHandler;
     @NonNull private final MdnsSocketProvider mSocketProvider;
-    @NonNull private final MdnsResponseDecoder mResponseDecoder;
 
     private final Map<MdnsServiceBrowserListener, InterfaceSocketCallback> mRequestedNetworks =
             new ArrayMap<>();
@@ -62,8 +60,6 @@
             @NonNull MdnsSocketProvider provider) {
         mHandler = new Handler(looper);
         mSocketProvider = provider;
-        mResponseDecoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(
-                new MdnsResponseDecoder.Clock(), null /* serviceType */);
     }
 
     private class InterfaceSocketCallback implements MdnsSocketProvider.SocketCallback {
@@ -170,19 +166,21 @@
             @NonNull Network network) {
         int packetNumber = ++mReceivedPacketNumber;
 
-        final List<MdnsResponse> responses = new ArrayList<>();
-        final int errorCode = mResponseDecoder.decode(
-                recvbuf, length, responses, interfaceIndex, network);
-        if (errorCode == MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS) {
-            for (MdnsResponse response : responses) {
+        final MdnsPacket response;
+        try {
+            response = MdnsResponseDecoder.parseResponse(recvbuf, length);
+        } catch (MdnsPacket.ParseException e) {
+            if (e.code != MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_NOT_RESPONSE_MESSAGE) {
+                Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage(), e);
                 if (mCallback != null) {
-                    mCallback.onResponseReceived(response);
+                    mCallback.onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(packetNumber, e.code);
                 }
             }
-        } else if (errorCode != MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_NOT_RESPONSE_MESSAGE) {
-            if (mCallback != null) {
-                mCallback.onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(packetNumber, errorCode);
-            }
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (mCallback != null) {
+            mCallback.onResponseReceived(response, interfaceIndex, network);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoder.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoder.java
index 82da2e4..31527c0 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoder.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoder.java
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 import com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.util.MdnsLogger;
 
 import java.io.EOFException;
-import java.net.DatagramPacket;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -82,34 +81,16 @@
 
     /**
      * Decodes all mDNS responses for the desired service type from a packet. The class does not
-     * check
-     * the responses for completeness; the caller should do that.
-     *
-     * @param packet The packet to read from.
-     * @param interfaceIndex the network interface index (or {@link
-     *     MdnsSocket#INTERFACE_INDEX_UNSPECIFIED} if not known) at which the packet was received
-     * @param network the network at which the packet was received, or null if it is unknown.
-     * @return A list of mDNS responses, or null if the packet contained no appropriate responses.
-     */
-    public int decode(@NonNull DatagramPacket packet, @NonNull List<MdnsResponse> responses,
-            int interfaceIndex, @Nullable Network network) {
-        return decode(packet.getData(), packet.getLength(), responses, interfaceIndex, network);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Decodes all mDNS responses for the desired service type from a packet. The class does not
-     * check
-     * the responses for completeness; the caller should do that.
+     * check the responses for completeness; the caller should do that.
      *
      * @param recvbuf The received data buffer to read from.
      * @param length The length of received data buffer.
-     * @param interfaceIndex the network interface index (or {@link
-     *     MdnsSocket#INTERFACE_INDEX_UNSPECIFIED} if not known) at which the packet was received
-     * @param network the network at which the packet was received, or null if it is unknown.
-     * @return A list of mDNS responses, or null if the packet contained no appropriate responses.
+     * @return A decoded {@link MdnsPacket}.
+     * @throws MdnsPacket.ParseException if a response packet could not be parsed.
      */
-    public int decode(@NonNull byte[] recvbuf, int length, @NonNull List<MdnsResponse> responses,
-            int interfaceIndex, @Nullable Network network) {
+    @NonNull
+    public static MdnsPacket parseResponse(@NonNull byte[] recvbuf, int length)
+            throws MdnsPacket.ParseException {
         MdnsPacketReader reader = new MdnsPacketReader(recvbuf, length);
 
         final MdnsPacket mdnsPacket;
@@ -117,21 +98,35 @@
             reader.readUInt16(); // transaction ID (not used)
             int flags = reader.readUInt16();
             if ((flags & MdnsConstants.FLAGS_RESPONSE_MASK) != MdnsConstants.FLAGS_RESPONSE) {
-                return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_NOT_RESPONSE_MESSAGE;
+                throw new MdnsPacket.ParseException(
+                        MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_NOT_RESPONSE_MESSAGE, "Not a response", null);
             }
 
             mdnsPacket = MdnsPacket.parseRecordsSection(reader, flags);
             if (mdnsPacket.answers.size() < 1) {
-                return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_NO_ANSWERS;
+                throw new MdnsPacket.ParseException(
+                        MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_NOT_RESPONSE_MESSAGE, "Response has no answers",
+                        null);
             }
+            return mdnsPacket;
         } catch (EOFException e) {
-            LOGGER.e("Reached the end of the mDNS response unexpectedly.", e);
-            return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_END_OF_FILE;
-        } catch (MdnsPacket.ParseException e) {
-            LOGGER.e(e.getMessage(), e);
-            return e.code;
+            throw new MdnsPacket.ParseException(MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_END_OF_FILE,
+                    "Reached the end of the mDNS response unexpectedly.", e);
         }
+    }
 
+    /**
+     * Builds mDNS responses for the desired service type from a packet.
+     *
+     * The class does not check the responses for completeness; the caller should do that.
+     *
+     * @param mdnsPacket The packet to read from.
+     * @param interfaceIndex the network interface index (or {@link
+     *     MdnsSocket#INTERFACE_INDEX_UNSPECIFIED} if not known) at which the packet was received.
+     * @param network the network at which the packet was received, or null if it is unknown.
+     */
+    public List<MdnsResponse> buildResponses(@NonNull MdnsPacket mdnsPacket, int interfaceIndex,
+            @Nullable Network network) {
         final ArrayList<MdnsRecord> records = new ArrayList<>(
                 mdnsPacket.questions.size() + mdnsPacket.answers.size()
                         + mdnsPacket.authorityRecords.size() + mdnsPacket.additionalRecords.size());
@@ -139,6 +134,8 @@
         records.addAll(mdnsPacket.authorityRecords);
         records.addAll(mdnsPacket.additionalRecords);
 
+        final ArrayList<MdnsResponse> responses = new ArrayList<>();
+
         // The response records are structured in a hierarchy, where some records reference
         // others, as follows:
         //
@@ -224,8 +221,7 @@
                 }
             }
         }
-
-        return SUCCESS;
+        return responses;
     }
 
     private static void assignInetRecord(MdnsResponse response, MdnsInetAddressRecord inetRecord) {
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSearchOptions.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSearchOptions.java
index 583c4a9..3da6bd0 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSearchOptions.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSearchOptions.java
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@
                 public MdnsSearchOptions createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
                     return new MdnsSearchOptions(source.createStringArrayList(),
                             source.readBoolean(), source.readBoolean(),
-                            source.readParcelable(null));
+                            source.readParcelable(null),
+                            source.readString());
                 }
 
                 @Override
@@ -56,6 +57,8 @@
             };
     private static MdnsSearchOptions defaultOptions;
     private final List<String> subtypes;
+    @Nullable
+    private final String resolveInstanceName;
 
     private final boolean isPassiveMode;
     private final boolean removeExpiredService;
@@ -64,7 +67,7 @@
 
     /** Parcelable constructs for a {@link MdnsSearchOptions}. */
     MdnsSearchOptions(List<String> subtypes, boolean isPassiveMode, boolean removeExpiredService,
-            @Nullable Network network) {
+            @Nullable Network network, @Nullable String resolveInstanceName) {
         this.subtypes = new ArrayList<>();
         if (subtypes != null) {
             this.subtypes.addAll(subtypes);
@@ -72,6 +75,7 @@
         this.isPassiveMode = isPassiveMode;
         this.removeExpiredService = removeExpiredService;
         mNetwork = network;
+        this.resolveInstanceName = resolveInstanceName;
     }
 
     /** Returns a {@link Builder} for {@link MdnsSearchOptions}. */
@@ -115,6 +119,15 @@
         return mNetwork;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * If non-null, queries should try to resolve all records of this specific service, rather than
+     * discovering all services.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public String getResolveInstanceName() {
+        return resolveInstanceName;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public int describeContents() {
         return 0;
@@ -126,6 +139,7 @@
         out.writeBoolean(isPassiveMode);
         out.writeBoolean(removeExpiredService);
         out.writeParcelable(mNetwork, 0);
+        out.writeString(resolveInstanceName);
     }
 
     /** A builder to create {@link MdnsSearchOptions}. */
@@ -134,6 +148,7 @@
         private boolean isPassiveMode = true;
         private boolean removeExpiredService;
         private Network mNetwork;
+        private String resolveInstanceName;
 
         private Builder() {
             subtypes = new ArraySet<>();
@@ -194,10 +209,22 @@
             return this;
         }
 
+        /**
+         * Set the instance name to resolve.
+         *
+         * If non-null, queries should try to resolve all records of this specific service,
+         * rather than discovering all services.
+         * @param name The instance name.
+         */
+        public Builder setResolveInstanceName(String name) {
+            resolveInstanceName = name;
+            return this;
+        }
+
         /** Builds a {@link MdnsSearchOptions} with the arguments supplied to this builder. */
         public MdnsSearchOptions build() {
             return new MdnsSearchOptions(new ArrayList<>(subtypes), isPassiveMode,
-                    removeExpiredService, mNetwork);
+                    removeExpiredService, mNetwork, resolveInstanceName);
         }
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClient.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClient.java
index d26fbdb..707a57e 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClient.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClient.java
@@ -21,9 +21,8 @@
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.net.Network;
-import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
-import android.util.ArraySet;
+import android.util.ArrayMap;
 import android.util.Pair;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
@@ -33,12 +32,12 @@
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.Future;
 import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
 
@@ -54,15 +53,19 @@
     private final String serviceType;
     private final String[] serviceTypeLabels;
     private final MdnsSocketClientBase socketClient;
+    private final MdnsResponseDecoder responseDecoder;
     private final ScheduledExecutorService executor;
     private final Object lock = new Object();
-    private final Set<MdnsServiceBrowserListener> listeners = new ArraySet<>();
+    private final ArrayMap<MdnsServiceBrowserListener, MdnsSearchOptions> listeners =
+            new ArrayMap<>();
     private final Map<String, MdnsResponse> instanceNameToResponse = new HashMap<>();
     private final boolean removeServiceAfterTtlExpires =
             MdnsConfigs.removeServiceAfterTtlExpires();
     private final boolean allowSearchOptionsToRemoveExpiredService =
             MdnsConfigs.allowSearchOptionsToRemoveExpiredService();
 
+    private final MdnsResponseDecoder.Clock clock;
+
     @Nullable private MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions;
 
     // The session ID increases when startSendAndReceive() is called where we schedule a
@@ -84,10 +87,21 @@
             @NonNull String serviceType,
             @NonNull MdnsSocketClientBase socketClient,
             @NonNull ScheduledExecutorService executor) {
+        this(serviceType, socketClient, executor, new MdnsResponseDecoder.Clock());
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public MdnsServiceTypeClient(
+            @NonNull String serviceType,
+            @NonNull MdnsSocketClientBase socketClient,
+            @NonNull ScheduledExecutorService executor,
+            @NonNull MdnsResponseDecoder.Clock clock) {
         this.serviceType = serviceType;
         this.socketClient = socketClient;
         this.executor = executor;
-        serviceTypeLabels = TextUtils.split(serviceType, "\\.");
+        this.serviceTypeLabels = TextUtils.split(serviceType, "\\.");
+        this.responseDecoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(clock, serviceTypeLabels);
+        this.clock = clock;
     }
 
     private static MdnsServiceInfo buildMdnsServiceInfoFromResponse(
@@ -148,7 +162,7 @@
             @NonNull MdnsSearchOptions searchOptions) {
         synchronized (lock) {
             this.searchOptions = searchOptions;
-            if (listeners.add(listener)) {
+            if (listeners.put(listener, searchOptions) == null) {
                 for (MdnsResponse existingResponse : instanceNameToResponse.values()) {
                     final MdnsServiceInfo info =
                             buildMdnsServiceInfoFromResponse(existingResponse, serviceTypeLabels);
@@ -197,30 +211,38 @@
         return serviceTypeLabels;
     }
 
-    public synchronized void processResponse(@NonNull MdnsResponse response) {
-        if (shouldRemoveServiceAfterTtlExpires()) {
-            // Because {@link QueryTask} and {@link processResponse} are running in different
-            // threads. We need to synchronize {@link lock} to protect
-            // {@link instanceNameToResponse} won’t be modified at the same time.
-            synchronized (lock) {
+    /**
+     * Process an incoming response packet.
+     */
+    public synchronized void processResponse(@NonNull MdnsPacket packet, int interfaceIndex,
+            Network network) {
+        final List<MdnsResponse> responses = responseDecoder.buildResponses(packet, interfaceIndex,
+                network);
+        for (MdnsResponse response : responses) {
+            if (shouldRemoveServiceAfterTtlExpires()) {
+                // Because {@link QueryTask} and {@link processResponse} are running in different
+                // threads. We need to synchronize {@link lock} to protect
+                // {@link instanceNameToResponse} won’t be modified at the same time.
+                synchronized (lock) {
+                    if (response.isGoodbye()) {
+                        onGoodbyeReceived(response.getServiceInstanceName());
+                    } else {
+                        onResponseReceived(response);
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
                 if (response.isGoodbye()) {
                     onGoodbyeReceived(response.getServiceInstanceName());
                 } else {
                     onResponseReceived(response);
                 }
             }
-        } else {
-            if (response.isGoodbye()) {
-                onGoodbyeReceived(response.getServiceInstanceName());
-            } else {
-                onResponseReceived(response);
-            }
         }
     }
 
     public synchronized void onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(int receivedPacketNumber, int errorCode) {
-        for (MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener : listeners) {
-            listener.onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(receivedPacketNumber, errorCode);
+        for (int i = 0; i < listeners.size(); i++) {
+            listeners.keyAt(i).onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(receivedPacketNumber, errorCode);
         }
     }
 
@@ -250,7 +272,8 @@
         MdnsServiceInfo serviceInfo =
                 buildMdnsServiceInfoFromResponse(currentResponse, serviceTypeLabels);
 
-        for (MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener : listeners) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < listeners.size(); i++) {
+            final MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener = listeners.keyAt(i);
             if (newServiceFound) {
                 listener.onServiceNameDiscovered(serviceInfo);
             }
@@ -270,7 +293,8 @@
         if (response == null) {
             return;
         }
-        for (MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener : listeners) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < listeners.size(); i++) {
+            final MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener = listeners.keyAt(i);
             final MdnsServiceInfo serviceInfo =
                     buildMdnsServiceInfoFromResponse(response, serviceTypeLabels);
             if (response.isComplete()) {
@@ -400,6 +424,36 @@
 
         @Override
         public void run() {
+            final List<MdnsResponse> servicesToResolve = new ArrayList<>();
+            boolean sendDiscoveryQueries = false;
+            synchronized (lock) {
+                for (int i = 0; i < listeners.size(); i++) {
+                    final String resolveName = listeners.valueAt(i).getResolveInstanceName();
+                    if (resolveName == null) {
+                        sendDiscoveryQueries = true;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    MdnsResponse knownResponse = instanceNameToResponse.get(resolveName);
+                    if (knownResponse == null) {
+                        // The listener is requesting to resolve a service that has no info in
+                        // cache. Use the provided name to generate a minimal response with just a
+                        // PTR record, so other records are queried to complete it.
+                        // Only the names are used to know which queries to send, other
+                        // parameters do not matter.
+                        knownResponse = new MdnsResponse(
+                                0L /* now */, 0 /* interfaceIndex */, config.network);
+                        final ArrayList<String> instanceFullName = new ArrayList<>(
+                                serviceTypeLabels.length + 1);
+                        instanceFullName.add(resolveName);
+                        instanceFullName.addAll(Arrays.asList(serviceTypeLabels));
+                        knownResponse.addPointerRecord(new MdnsPointerRecord(
+                                serviceTypeLabels, 0L /* receiptTimeMillis */,
+                                false /* cacheFlush */, 0L /* ttlMillis */,
+                                instanceFullName.toArray(new String[0])));
+                    }
+                    servicesToResolve.add(knownResponse);
+                }
+            }
             Pair<Integer, List<String>> result;
             try {
                 result =
@@ -410,7 +464,9 @@
                                 config.subtypes,
                                 config.expectUnicastResponse,
                                 config.transactionId,
-                                config.network)
+                                config.network,
+                                sendDiscoveryQueries,
+                                servicesToResolve)
                                 .call();
             } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                 LOGGER.e(String.format("Failed to run EnqueueMdnsQueryCallable for subtype: %s",
@@ -435,8 +491,8 @@
                     }
                 }
                 if ((result != null)) {
-                    for (MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener : listeners) {
-                        listener.onDiscoveryQuerySent(result.second, result.first);
+                    for (int i = 0; i < listeners.size(); i++) {
+                        listeners.keyAt(i).onDiscoveryQuerySent(result.second, result.first);
                     }
                 }
                 if (shouldRemoveServiceAfterTtlExpires()) {
@@ -446,10 +502,11 @@
                         if (existingResponse.hasServiceRecord()
                                 && existingResponse
                                 .getServiceRecord()
-                                .getRemainingTTL(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime())
+                                .getRemainingTTL(clock.elapsedRealtime())
                                 == 0) {
                             iter.remove();
-                            for (MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener : listeners) {
+                            for (int i = 0; i < listeners.size(); i++) {
+                                final MdnsServiceBrowserListener listener = listeners.keyAt(i);
                                 String serviceInstanceName =
                                         existingResponse.getServiceInstanceName();
                                 if (serviceInstanceName != null) {
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClient.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClient.java
index 907687e..c03e6aa 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClient.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClient.java
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 package com.android.server.connectivity.mdns;
 
-import static com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsSocketClientBase.Callback;
-
 import android.Manifest.permission;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
@@ -35,7 +33,6 @@
 import java.net.DatagramPacket;
 import java.util.ArrayDeque;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Queue;
 import java.util.Timer;
@@ -73,7 +70,6 @@
     private final Context context;
     private final byte[] multicastReceiverBuffer = new byte[RECEIVER_BUFFER_SIZE];
     @Nullable private final byte[] unicastReceiverBuffer;
-    private final MdnsResponseDecoder responseDecoder;
     private final MulticastLock multicastLock;
     private final boolean useSeparateSocketForUnicast =
             MdnsConfigs.useSeparateSocketToSendUnicastQuery();
@@ -110,7 +106,6 @@
     public MdnsSocketClient(@NonNull Context context, @NonNull MulticastLock multicastLock) {
         this.context = context;
         this.multicastLock = multicastLock;
-        responseDecoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(new MdnsResponseDecoder.Clock(), null);
         if (useSeparateSocketForUnicast) {
             unicastReceiverBuffer = new byte[RECEIVER_BUFFER_SIZE];
         } else {
@@ -421,37 +416,27 @@
             int interfaceIndex, @Nullable Network network) {
         int packetNumber = ++receivedPacketNumber;
 
-        List<MdnsResponse> responses = new LinkedList<>();
-        int errorCode = responseDecoder.decode(packet, responses, interfaceIndex, network);
-        if (errorCode == MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS) {
-            if (responseType.equals(MULTICAST_TYPE)) {
-                receivedMulticastResponse = true;
-                if (cannotReceiveMulticastResponse.getAndSet(false)) {
-                    // If we are already in the bad state, receiving a multicast response means
-                    // we are recovered.
-                    LOGGER.e(
-                            "Recovered from the state where the phone can't receive any multicast"
-                                    + " response");
-                }
-            } else {
-                receivedUnicastResponse = true;
-            }
-            for (MdnsResponse response : responses) {
-                String serviceInstanceName = response.getServiceInstanceName();
-                LOGGER.log("mDNS %s response received: %s at ifIndex %d", responseType,
-                        serviceInstanceName, interfaceIndex);
-                if (callback != null) {
-                    callback.onResponseReceived(response);
-                }
-            }
-        } else if (errorCode != MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_NOT_RESPONSE_MESSAGE) {
+        final MdnsPacket response;
+        try {
+            response = MdnsResponseDecoder.parseResponse(packet.getData(), packet.getLength());
+        } catch (MdnsPacket.ParseException e) {
             LOGGER.w(String.format("Error while decoding %s packet (%d): %d",
-                    responseType, packetNumber, errorCode));
+                    responseType, packetNumber, e.code));
             if (callback != null) {
-                callback.onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(packetNumber, errorCode);
+                callback.onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(packetNumber, e.code);
             }
+            return e.code;
         }
-        return errorCode;
+
+        if (response == null) {
+            return MdnsResponseErrorCode.ERROR_NOT_RESPONSE_MESSAGE;
+        }
+
+        if (callback != null) {
+            callback.onResponseReceived(response, interfaceIndex, network);
+        }
+
+        return MdnsResponseErrorCode.SUCCESS;
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClientBase.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClientBase.java
index 23504a0..796dc83 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClientBase.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClientBase.java
@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@
     /*** Callback for mdns response  */
     interface Callback {
         /*** Receive a mdns response */
-        void onResponseReceived(@NonNull MdnsResponse response);
+        void onResponseReceived(@NonNull MdnsPacket packet, int interfaceIndex,
+                @Nullable Network network);
 
         /*** Parse a mdns response failed */
         void onFailedToParseMdnsResponse(int receivedPacketNumber, int errorCode);
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/IpSecManagerTest.java b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/IpSecManagerTest.java
index 4fa0080..9c30811 100644
--- a/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/IpSecManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/cts/net/src/android/net/cts/IpSecManagerTest.java
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@
     private static class StatsChecker {
         private static final double ERROR_MARGIN_BYTES = 1.05;
         private static final double ERROR_MARGIN_PKTS = 1.05;
-        private static final int MAX_WAIT_TIME_MILLIS = 1000;
+        private static final int MAX_WAIT_TIME_MILLIS = 3000;
 
         private static long uidTxBytes;
         private static long uidRxBytes;
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests.java
index 83e7696..e6b8326 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsDiscoveryManagerTests.java
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.net.Network;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 
 import com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRule;
@@ -35,7 +36,10 @@
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
 
 /** Tests for {@link MdnsDiscoveryManager}. */
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
@@ -111,25 +115,38 @@
         discoveryManager.registerListener(
                 SERVICE_TYPE_2, mockListenerTwo, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
 
-        MdnsResponse responseForServiceTypeOne = createMockResponse(SERVICE_TYPE_1);
-        discoveryManager.onResponseReceived(responseForServiceTypeOne);
-        verify(mockServiceTypeClientOne).processResponse(responseForServiceTypeOne);
+        MdnsPacket responseForServiceTypeOne = createMdnsPacket(SERVICE_TYPE_1);
+        final int ifIndex = 1;
+        final Network network = mock(Network.class);
+        discoveryManager.onResponseReceived(responseForServiceTypeOne, ifIndex, network);
+        verify(mockServiceTypeClientOne).processResponse(responseForServiceTypeOne, ifIndex,
+                network);
 
-        MdnsResponse responseForServiceTypeTwo = createMockResponse(SERVICE_TYPE_2);
-        discoveryManager.onResponseReceived(responseForServiceTypeTwo);
-        verify(mockServiceTypeClientTwo).processResponse(responseForServiceTypeTwo);
+        MdnsPacket responseForServiceTypeTwo = createMdnsPacket(SERVICE_TYPE_2);
+        discoveryManager.onResponseReceived(responseForServiceTypeTwo, ifIndex, network);
+        verify(mockServiceTypeClientTwo).processResponse(responseForServiceTypeTwo, ifIndex,
+                network);
 
-        MdnsResponse responseForSubtype = createMockResponse("subtype._sub._googlecast._tcp.local");
-        discoveryManager.onResponseReceived(responseForSubtype);
-        verify(mockServiceTypeClientOne).processResponse(responseForSubtype);
+        MdnsPacket responseForSubtype = createMdnsPacket("subtype._sub._googlecast._tcp.local");
+        discoveryManager.onResponseReceived(responseForSubtype, ifIndex, network);
+        verify(mockServiceTypeClientOne).processResponse(responseForSubtype, ifIndex, network);
     }
 
-    private MdnsResponse createMockResponse(String serviceType) {
-        MdnsPointerRecord mockPointerRecord = mock(MdnsPointerRecord.class);
-        MdnsResponse mockResponse = mock(MdnsResponse.class);
-        when(mockResponse.getPointerRecords())
-                .thenReturn(Collections.singletonList(mockPointerRecord));
-        when(mockPointerRecord.getName()).thenReturn(TextUtils.split(serviceType, "\\."));
-        return mockResponse;
+    private MdnsPacket createMdnsPacket(String serviceType) {
+        final String[] type = TextUtils.split(serviceType, "\\.");
+        final ArrayList<String> name = new ArrayList<>(type.length + 1);
+        name.add("TestName");
+        name.addAll(Arrays.asList(type));
+        return new MdnsPacket(0 /* flags */,
+                Collections.emptyList() /* questions */,
+                List.of(new MdnsPointerRecord(
+                        type,
+                        0L /* receiptTimeMillis */,
+                        false /* cacheFlush */,
+                        120000 /* ttlMillis */,
+                        name.toArray(new String[0])
+                        )) /* answers */,
+                Collections.emptyList() /* authorityRecords */,
+                Collections.emptyList() /* additionalRecords */);
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsMultinetworkSocketClientTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsMultinetworkSocketClientTest.java
index 9d42a65..1e322e4 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsMultinetworkSocketClientTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsMultinetworkSocketClientTest.java
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MdnsSocketProvider.SocketCallback;
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.mdns.MulticastPacketReader.PacketHandler;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.timeout;
@@ -146,16 +146,23 @@
         // Send the data and verify the received records.
         final PacketHandler handler = handlerCaptor.getValue();
         handler.handlePacket(data, data.length, null /* src */);
-        final ArgumentCaptor<MdnsResponse> responseCaptor =
-                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(MdnsResponse.class);
-        verify(mCallback).onResponseReceived(responseCaptor.capture());
-        final MdnsResponse response = responseCaptor.getValue();
-        assertTrue(response.hasPointerRecords());
-        assertArrayEquals("_testtype._tcp.local".split("\\."),
-                response.getPointerRecords().get(0).getName());
-        assertTrue(response.hasServiceRecord());
-        assertEquals("testservice", response.getServiceRecord().getServiceInstanceName());
-        assertEquals("Android.local".split("\\."),
-                response.getServiceRecord().getServiceHost());
+        final ArgumentCaptor<MdnsPacket> responseCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(MdnsPacket.class);
+        verify(mCallback).onResponseReceived(responseCaptor.capture(), anyInt(), any());
+        final MdnsPacket response = responseCaptor.getValue();
+        assertEquals(0, response.questions.size());
+        assertEquals(0, response.additionalRecords.size());
+        assertEquals(0, response.authorityRecords.size());
+
+        final String[] serviceName = "testservice._testtype._tcp.local".split("\\.");
+        assertEquals(List.of(
+                new MdnsPointerRecord("_testtype._tcp.local".split("\\."),
+                        0L /* receiptTimeMillis */, false /* cacheFlush */, 4500000 /* ttlMillis */,
+                        serviceName),
+                new MdnsServiceRecord(serviceName, 0L /* receiptTimeMillis */,
+                        false /* cacheFlush */, 4500000 /* ttlMillis */, 0 /* servicePriority */,
+                        0 /* serviceWeight */, 31234 /* servicePort */,
+                        new String[] { "Android", "local" } /* serviceHost */)
+        ), response.answers);
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoderTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoderTests.java
index 4cae447..aaef048 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoderTests.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsResponseDecoderTests.java
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
-import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
 
 @RunWith(DevSdkIgnoreRunner.class)
@@ -154,35 +153,22 @@
     private static final String[] MATTER_SERVICE_TYPE =
             new String[] {MATTER_SERVICE_NAME, "_tcp", "local"};
 
-    private final List<MdnsResponse> responses = new LinkedList<>();
+    private List<MdnsResponse> responses;
 
     private final Clock mClock = mock(Clock.class);
 
     @Before
-    public void setUp() {
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
         MdnsResponseDecoder decoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(mClock, CAST_SERVICE_TYPE);
         assertNotNull(data);
-        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
-        packet.setSocketAddress(
-                new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
-        responses.clear();
-        int errorCode = decoder.decode(
-                packet, responses, MdnsSocket.INTERFACE_INDEX_UNSPECIFIED, mock(Network.class));
-        assertEquals(MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS, errorCode);
+        responses = decode(decoder, data);
         assertEquals(1, responses.size());
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDecodeWithNullServiceType() {
+    public void testDecodeWithNullServiceType() throws Exception {
         MdnsResponseDecoder decoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(mClock, null);
-        assertNotNull(data);
-        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
-        packet.setSocketAddress(
-                new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv4Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
-        responses.clear();
-        int errorCode = decoder.decode(
-                packet, responses, MdnsSocket.INTERFACE_INDEX_UNSPECIFIED, mock(Network.class));
-        assertEquals(MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS, errorCode);
+        responses = decode(decoder, data);
         assertEquals(2, responses.size());
     }
 
@@ -235,15 +221,9 @@
     public void testDecodeIPv6AnswerPacket() throws IOException {
         MdnsResponseDecoder decoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(mClock, CAST_SERVICE_TYPE);
         assertNotNull(data6);
-        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data6, data6.length);
-        packet.setSocketAddress(
-                new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
 
-        responses.clear();
-        int errorCode = decoder.decode(
-                packet, responses, MdnsSocket.INTERFACE_INDEX_UNSPECIFIED, mock(Network.class));
-        assertEquals(MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS, errorCode);
-
+        responses = decode(decoder, data6);
+        assertEquals(1, responses.size());
         MdnsResponse response = responses.get(0);
         assertTrue(response.isComplete());
 
@@ -283,39 +263,33 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void decode_withInterfaceIndex_populatesInterfaceIndex() {
+    public void decode_withInterfaceIndex_populatesInterfaceIndex() throws Exception {
         MdnsResponseDecoder decoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(mClock, CAST_SERVICE_TYPE);
         assertNotNull(data6);
         DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data6, data6.length);
         packet.setSocketAddress(
                 new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
 
-        responses.clear();
+        final MdnsPacket parsedPacket = MdnsResponseDecoder.parseResponse(data6, data6.length);
+        assertNotNull(parsedPacket);
+
         final Network network = mock(Network.class);
-        int errorCode = decoder.decode(
-                packet, responses, /* interfaceIndex= */ 10, network);
-        assertEquals(errorCode, MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS);
+        responses = decoder.buildResponses(parsedPacket,
+                /* interfaceIndex= */ 10, network /* expireOnExit= */);
+
         assertEquals(responses.size(), 1);
         assertEquals(responses.get(0).getInterfaceIndex(), 10);
         assertEquals(network, responses.get(0).getNetwork());
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void decode_singleHostname_multipleSrvRecords_flagEnabled_multipleCompleteResponses() {
+    public void decode_singleHostname_multipleSrvRecords_flagEnabled_multipleCompleteResponses()
+            throws Exception {
         //MdnsScannerConfigsFlagsImpl.allowMultipleSrvRecordsPerHost.override(true);
         MdnsResponseDecoder decoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(mClock, MATTER_SERVICE_TYPE);
         assertNotNull(matterDuplicateHostname);
 
-        DatagramPacket packet =
-                new DatagramPacket(matterDuplicateHostname, matterDuplicateHostname.length);
-
-        packet.setSocketAddress(
-                new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
-
-        responses.clear();
-        int errorCode = decoder.decode(
-                packet, responses, /* interfaceIndex= */ 0, mock(Network.class));
-        assertEquals(MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS, errorCode);
+        responses = decode(decoder, matterDuplicateHostname);
 
         // This should emit two records:
         assertEquals(2, responses.size());
@@ -336,21 +310,13 @@
 
     @Test
     @Ignore("MdnsConfigs is not configurable currently.")
-    public void decode_singleHostname_multipleSrvRecords_flagDisabled_singleCompleteResponse() {
+    public void decode_singleHostname_multipleSrvRecords_flagDisabled_singleCompleteResponse()
+            throws Exception {
         //MdnsScannerConfigsFlagsImpl.allowMultipleSrvRecordsPerHost.override(false);
         MdnsResponseDecoder decoder = new MdnsResponseDecoder(mClock, MATTER_SERVICE_TYPE);
         assertNotNull(matterDuplicateHostname);
 
-        DatagramPacket packet =
-                new DatagramPacket(matterDuplicateHostname, matterDuplicateHostname.length);
-
-        packet.setSocketAddress(
-                new InetSocketAddress(MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT));
-
-        responses.clear();
-        int errorCode = decoder.decode(
-                packet, responses, /* interfaceIndex= */ 0, mock(Network.class));
-        assertEquals(MdnsResponseDecoder.SUCCESS, errorCode);
+        responses = decode(decoder, matterDuplicateHostname);
 
         // This should emit only two records:
         assertEquals(2, responses.size());
@@ -359,4 +325,14 @@
         assertTrue(responses.get(0).isComplete());
         assertFalse(responses.get(1).isComplete());
     }
+
+
+    private List<MdnsResponse> decode(MdnsResponseDecoder decoder, byte[] data)
+            throws MdnsPacket.ParseException {
+        final MdnsPacket parsedPacket = MdnsResponseDecoder.parseResponse(data, data.length);
+        assertNotNull(parsedPacket);
+
+        return decoder.buildResponses(parsedPacket,
+                MdnsSocket.INTERFACE_INDEX_UNSPECIFIED, mock(Network.class));
+    }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClientTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClientTests.java
index a45ca68..d266b3d 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClientTests.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsServiceTypeClientTests.java
@@ -24,13 +24,10 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
-import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyLong;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.argThat;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
@@ -60,8 +57,7 @@
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.DatagramPacket;
-import java.net.Inet4Address;
-import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
@@ -85,6 +81,9 @@
     private static final InetSocketAddress IPV6_ADDRESS = new InetSocketAddress(
             MdnsConstants.getMdnsIPv6Address(), MdnsConstants.MDNS_PORT);
 
+    private static final long TEST_TTL = 120000L;
+    private static final long TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME = 123L;
+
     @Mock
     private MdnsServiceBrowserListener mockListenerOne;
     @Mock
@@ -95,6 +94,8 @@
     private MdnsMultinetworkSocketClient mockSocketClient;
     @Mock
     private Network mockNetwork;
+    @Mock
+    private MdnsResponseDecoder.Clock mockDecoderClock;
     @Captor
     private ArgumentCaptor<MdnsServiceInfo> serviceInfoCaptor;
 
@@ -111,6 +112,7 @@
     @SuppressWarnings("DoNotMock")
     public void setUp() throws IOException {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        doReturn(TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME).when(mockDecoderClock).elapsedRealtime();
 
         expectedIPv4Packets = new DatagramPacket[16];
         expectedIPv6Packets = new DatagramPacket[16];
@@ -160,7 +162,8 @@
                 .thenReturn(expectedIPv6Packets[15]);
 
         client =
-                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor) {
+                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor,
+                        mockDecoderClock) {
                     @Override
                     MdnsPacketWriter createMdnsPacketWriter() {
                         return mockPacketWriter;
@@ -424,6 +427,7 @@
         assertEquals(port, serviceInfo.getPort());
         assertEquals(subTypes, serviceInfo.getSubtypes());
         for (String key : attributes.keySet()) {
+            assertTrue(attributes.containsKey(key));
             assertEquals(attributes.get(key), serviceInfo.getAttributeByKey(key));
         }
         assertEquals(interfaceIndex, serviceInfo.getInterfaceIndex());
@@ -434,22 +438,19 @@
     public void processResponse_incompleteResponse() {
         client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
 
-        MdnsResponse response = mock(MdnsResponse.class);
-        when(response.getServiceInstanceName()).thenReturn("service-instance-1");
-        doReturn(INTERFACE_INDEX).when(response).getInterfaceIndex();
-        doReturn(mockNetwork).when(response).getNetwork();
-        when(response.isComplete()).thenReturn(false);
-
-        client.processResponse(response);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                "service-instance-1", null /* host */, 0 /* port */,
+                SERVICE_TYPE_LABELS,
+                Collections.emptyMap(), TEST_TTL), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
         verify(mockListenerOne).onServiceNameDiscovered(serviceInfoCaptor.capture());
         verifyServiceInfo(serviceInfoCaptor.getAllValues().get(0),
                 "service-instance-1",
                 SERVICE_TYPE_LABELS,
-                null /* ipv4Address */,
-                null /* ipv6Address */,
-                0 /* port */,
-                List.of() /* subTypes */,
-                Collections.singletonMap("key", null) /* attributes */,
+                /* ipv4Address= */ null,
+                /* ipv6Address= */ null,
+                /* port= */ 0,
+                /* subTypes= */ List.of(),
+                Collections.emptyMap(),
                 INTERFACE_INDEX,
                 mockNetwork);
 
@@ -463,28 +464,17 @@
         client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
 
         // Process the initial response.
-        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
-                createResponse(
-                        "service-instance-1",
-                        ipV4Address,
-                        5353,
-                        /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
-                        Collections.emptyMap(),
-                        /* interfaceIndex= */ 20,
-                        mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                "service-instance-1", ipV4Address, 5353,
+                /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
+                Collections.emptyMap(), TEST_TTL), /* interfaceIndex= */ 20, mockNetwork);
 
         // Process a second response with a different port and updated text attributes.
-        MdnsResponse secondResponse =
-                createResponse(
-                        "service-instance-1",
-                        ipV4Address,
-                        5354,
-                        /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
-                        Collections.singletonMap("key", "value"),
-                        /* interfaceIndex= */ 20,
-                        mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(secondResponse);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                "service-instance-1", ipV4Address, 5354,
+                /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
+                Collections.singletonMap("key", "value"), TEST_TTL),
+                /* interfaceIndex= */ 20, mockNetwork);
 
         // Verify onServiceNameDiscovered was called once for the initial response.
         verify(mockListenerOne).onServiceNameDiscovered(serviceInfoCaptor.capture());
@@ -529,31 +519,17 @@
         client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
 
         // Process the initial response.
-        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
-                createResponse(
-                        "service-instance-1",
-                        ipV6Address,
-                        5353,
-                        /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
-                        Collections.emptyMap(),
-                        /* interfaceIndex= */ 20,
-                        mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                "service-instance-1", ipV6Address, 5353,
+                /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
+                Collections.emptyMap(), TEST_TTL), /* interfaceIndex= */ 20, mockNetwork);
 
         // Process a second response with a different port and updated text attributes.
-        MdnsResponse secondResponse =
-                createResponse(
-                        "service-instance-1",
-                        ipV6Address,
-                        5354,
-                        /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
-                        Collections.singletonMap("key", "value"),
-                        /* interfaceIndex= */ 20,
-                        mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(secondResponse);
-
-        System.out.println("secondResponses ip"
-                + secondResponse.getInet6AddressRecord().getInet6Address().getHostAddress());
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                "service-instance-1", ipV6Address, 5354,
+                /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
+                Collections.singletonMap("key", "value"), TEST_TTL),
+                /* interfaceIndex= */ 20, mockNetwork);
 
         // Verify onServiceNameDiscovered was called once for the initial response.
         verify(mockListenerOne).onServiceNameDiscovered(serviceInfoCaptor.capture());
@@ -619,29 +595,25 @@
         final String serviceName = "service-instance-1";
         final String ipV6Address = "2000:3333::da6c:63ff:fe7c:7483";
         // Process the initial response.
-        final MdnsResponse initialResponse =
-                createResponse(
-                        serviceName,
-                        ipV6Address,
-                        5353 /* port */,
-                        /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
-                        Collections.emptyMap(),
-                        INTERFACE_INDEX,
-                        mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
-        MdnsResponse response = mock(MdnsResponse.class);
-        doReturn("goodbye-service").when(response).getServiceInstanceName();
-        doReturn(INTERFACE_INDEX).when(response).getInterfaceIndex();
-        doReturn(mockNetwork).when(response).getNetwork();
-        doReturn(true).when(response).isGoodbye();
-        client.processResponse(response);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                serviceName, ipV6Address, 5353,
+                SERVICE_TYPE_LABELS,
+                Collections.emptyMap(), TEST_TTL), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
+
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                "goodbye-service", ipV6Address, 5353,
+                SERVICE_TYPE_LABELS,
+                Collections.emptyMap(), /* ptrTtlMillis= */ 0L), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
+
         // Verify removed callback won't be called if the service is not existed.
         verifyServiceRemovedNoCallback(mockListenerOne);
         verifyServiceRemovedNoCallback(mockListenerTwo);
 
         // Verify removed callback would be called.
-        doReturn(serviceName).when(response).getServiceInstanceName();
-        client.processResponse(response);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                serviceName, ipV6Address, 5353,
+                SERVICE_TYPE_LABELS,
+                Collections.emptyMap(), 0L), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
         verifyServiceRemovedCallback(
                 mockListenerOne, serviceName, SERVICE_TYPE_LABELS, INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
         verifyServiceRemovedCallback(
@@ -651,16 +623,10 @@
     @Test
     public void reportExistingServiceToNewlyRegisteredListeners() throws Exception {
         // Process the initial response.
-        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
-                createResponse(
-                        "service-instance-1",
-                        "192.168.1.1",
-                        5353,
-                        /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
-                        Collections.emptyMap(),
-                        INTERFACE_INDEX,
-                        mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                "service-instance-1", "192.168.1.1", 5353,
+                /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
+                Collections.emptyMap(), TEST_TTL), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
 
         client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerOne, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
 
@@ -687,10 +653,10 @@
         assertNull(existingServiceInfo.getAttributeByKey("key"));
 
         // Process a goodbye message for the existing response.
-        MdnsResponse goodByeResponse = mock(MdnsResponse.class);
-        when(goodByeResponse.getServiceInstanceName()).thenReturn("service-instance-1");
-        when(goodByeResponse.isGoodbye()).thenReturn(true);
-        client.processResponse(goodByeResponse);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                "service-instance-1", "192.168.1.1", 5353,
+                SERVICE_TYPE_LABELS,
+                Collections.emptyMap(), /* ptrTtlMillis= */ 0L), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
 
         client.startSendAndReceive(mockListenerTwo, MdnsSearchOptions.getDefaultOptions());
 
@@ -709,17 +675,15 @@
         Runnable firstMdnsTask = currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearSubmittedRunnable();
 
         // Process the initial response.
-        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
-                createMockResponse(
-                        serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, List.of("ABCDE"),
-                        Map.of(), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
+                Collections.emptyMap(), TEST_TTL), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
 
         // Clear the scheduled runnable.
         currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable();
 
         // Simulate the case where the response is after TTL.
-        when(initialResponse.getServiceRecord().getRemainingTTL(anyLong())).thenReturn((long) 0);
+        doReturn(TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME + TEST_TTL + 1L).when(mockDecoderClock).elapsedRealtime();
         firstMdnsTask.run();
 
         // Verify removed callback was not called.
@@ -733,7 +697,8 @@
         //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.allowSearchOptionsToRemoveExpiredService.override(true);
         final String serviceInstanceName = "service-instance-1";
         client =
-                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor) {
+                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor,
+                        mockDecoderClock) {
                     @Override
                     MdnsPacketWriter createMdnsPacketWriter() {
                         return mockPacketWriter;
@@ -743,24 +708,22 @@
         Runnable firstMdnsTask = currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearSubmittedRunnable();
 
         // Process the initial response.
-        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
-                createMockResponse(
-                        serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, List.of("ABCDE"),
-                        Map.of(), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
+                Collections.emptyMap(), TEST_TTL), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
 
         // Clear the scheduled runnable.
         currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable();
 
         // Simulate the case where the response is under TTL.
-        when(initialResponse.getServiceRecord().getRemainingTTL(anyLong())).thenReturn((long) 1000);
+        doReturn(TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME + TEST_TTL - 1L).when(mockDecoderClock).elapsedRealtime();
         firstMdnsTask.run();
 
         // Verify removed callback was not called.
         verifyServiceRemovedNoCallback(mockListenerOne);
 
         // Simulate the case where the response is after TTL.
-        when(initialResponse.getServiceRecord().getRemainingTTL(anyLong())).thenReturn((long) 0);
+        doReturn(TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME + TEST_TTL + 1L).when(mockDecoderClock).elapsedRealtime();
         firstMdnsTask.run();
 
         // Verify removed callback was called.
@@ -773,7 +736,8 @@
             throws Exception {
         final String serviceInstanceName = "service-instance-1";
         client =
-                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor) {
+                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor,
+                        mockDecoderClock) {
                     @Override
                     MdnsPacketWriter createMdnsPacketWriter() {
                         return mockPacketWriter;
@@ -783,17 +747,15 @@
         Runnable firstMdnsTask = currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearSubmittedRunnable();
 
         // Process the initial response.
-        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
-                createMockResponse(
-                        serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, List.of("ABCDE"),
-                        Map.of(), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
+                Collections.emptyMap(), TEST_TTL), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
 
         // Clear the scheduled runnable.
         currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable();
 
         // Simulate the case where the response is after TTL.
-        when(initialResponse.getServiceRecord().getRemainingTTL(anyLong())).thenReturn((long) 0);
+        doReturn(TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME + TEST_TTL + 1L).when(mockDecoderClock).elapsedRealtime();
         firstMdnsTask.run();
 
         // Verify removed callback was not called.
@@ -807,7 +769,8 @@
         //MdnsConfigsFlagsImpl.removeServiceAfterTtlExpires.override(true);
         final String serviceInstanceName = "service-instance-1";
         client =
-                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor) {
+                new MdnsServiceTypeClient(SERVICE_TYPE, mockSocketClient, currentThreadExecutor,
+                        mockDecoderClock) {
                     @Override
                     MdnsPacketWriter createMdnsPacketWriter() {
                         return mockPacketWriter;
@@ -817,17 +780,15 @@
         Runnable firstMdnsTask = currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearSubmittedRunnable();
 
         // Process the initial response.
-        MdnsResponse initialResponse =
-                createMockResponse(
-                        serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, List.of("ABCDE"),
-                        Map.of(), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                serviceInstanceName, "192.168.1.1", 5353, /* subtype= */ "ABCDE",
+                Collections.emptyMap(), TEST_TTL), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
 
         // Clear the scheduled runnable.
         currentThreadExecutor.getAndClearLastScheduledRunnable();
 
         // Simulate the case where the response is after TTL.
-        when(initialResponse.getServiceRecord().getRemainingTTL(anyLong())).thenReturn((long) 0);
+        doReturn(TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME + TEST_TTL + 1L).when(mockDecoderClock).elapsedRealtime();
         firstMdnsTask.run();
 
         // Verify removed callback was called.
@@ -844,46 +805,26 @@
         InOrder inOrder = inOrder(mockListenerOne);
 
         // Process the initial response which is incomplete.
-        final MdnsResponse initialResponse =
-                createResponse(
-                        serviceName,
-                        null,
-                        5353,
-                        "ABCDE" /* subtype */,
-                        Collections.emptyMap(),
-                        INTERFACE_INDEX,
-                        mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(initialResponse);
+        final String subtype = "ABCDE";
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                serviceName, null, 5353, subtype,
+                Collections.emptyMap(), TEST_TTL), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
 
         // Process a second response which has ip address to make response become complete.
-        final MdnsResponse secondResponse =
-                createResponse(
-                        serviceName,
-                        ipV4Address,
-                        5353,
-                        "ABCDE" /* subtype */,
-                        Collections.emptyMap(),
-                        INTERFACE_INDEX,
-                        mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(secondResponse);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                serviceName, ipV4Address, 5353, subtype,
+                Collections.emptyMap(), TEST_TTL), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
 
         // Process a third response with a different ip address, port and updated text attributes.
-        final MdnsResponse thirdResponse =
-                createResponse(
-                        serviceName,
-                        ipV6Address,
-                        5354,
-                        "ABCDE" /* subtype */,
-                        Collections.singletonMap("key", "value"),
-                        INTERFACE_INDEX,
-                        mockNetwork);
-        client.processResponse(thirdResponse);
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                serviceName, ipV6Address, 5354, subtype,
+                Collections.singletonMap("key", "value"), TEST_TTL), INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
 
-        // Process the last response which is goodbye message.
-        final MdnsResponse lastResponse = mock(MdnsResponse.class);
-        doReturn(serviceName).when(lastResponse).getServiceInstanceName();
-        doReturn(true).when(lastResponse).isGoodbye();
-        client.processResponse(lastResponse);
+        // Process the last response which is goodbye message (with the main type, not subtype).
+        client.processResponse(createResponse(
+                serviceName, ipV6Address, 5354, SERVICE_TYPE_LABELS,
+                Collections.singletonMap("key", "value"), /* ptrTtlMillis= */ 0L),
+                INTERFACE_INDEX, mockNetwork);
 
         // Verify onServiceNameDiscovered was first called for the initial response.
         inOrder.verify(mockListenerOne).onServiceNameDiscovered(serviceInfoCaptor.capture());
@@ -893,7 +834,7 @@
                 null /* ipv4Address */,
                 null /* ipv6Address */,
                 5353 /* port */,
-                Collections.singletonList("ABCDE") /* subTypes */,
+                Collections.singletonList(subtype) /* subTypes */,
                 Collections.singletonMap("key", null) /* attributes */,
                 INTERFACE_INDEX,
                 mockNetwork);
@@ -906,7 +847,7 @@
                 ipV4Address /* ipv4Address */,
                 null /* ipv6Address */,
                 5353 /* port */,
-                Collections.singletonList("ABCDE") /* subTypes */,
+                Collections.singletonList(subtype) /* subTypes */,
                 Collections.singletonMap("key", null) /* attributes */,
                 INTERFACE_INDEX,
                 mockNetwork);
@@ -919,7 +860,7 @@
                 ipV4Address /* ipv4Address */,
                 ipV6Address /* ipv6Address */,
                 5354 /* port */,
-                Collections.singletonList("ABCDE") /* subTypes */,
+                Collections.singletonList(subtype) /* subTypes */,
                 Collections.singletonMap("key", "value") /* attributes */,
                 INTERFACE_INDEX,
                 mockNetwork);
@@ -1029,106 +970,68 @@
         }
     }
 
-    // Creates a mock mDNS response.
-    private MdnsResponse createMockResponse(
-            @NonNull String serviceInstanceName,
-            @NonNull String host,
-            int port,
-            @NonNull List<String> subtypes,
-            @NonNull Map<String, String> textAttributes,
-            int interfaceIndex,
-            Network network)
-            throws Exception {
-        String[] hostName = new String[]{"hostname"};
-        MdnsServiceRecord serviceRecord = mock(MdnsServiceRecord.class);
-        when(serviceRecord.getServiceHost()).thenReturn(hostName);
-        when(serviceRecord.getServicePort()).thenReturn(port);
-
-        MdnsResponse response = spy(new MdnsResponse(0, interfaceIndex, network));
-
-        MdnsInetAddressRecord inetAddressRecord = mock(MdnsInetAddressRecord.class);
-        if (host.contains(":")) {
-            when(inetAddressRecord.getInet6Address())
-                    .thenReturn((Inet6Address) Inet6Address.getByName(host));
-            response.setInet6AddressRecord(inetAddressRecord);
-        } else {
-            when(inetAddressRecord.getInet4Address())
-                    .thenReturn((Inet4Address) Inet4Address.getByName(host));
-            response.setInet4AddressRecord(inetAddressRecord);
-        }
-
-        MdnsTextRecord textRecord = mock(MdnsTextRecord.class);
-        List<String> textStrings = new ArrayList<>();
-        List<TextEntry> textEntries = new ArrayList<>();
-        for (Map.Entry<String, String> kv : textAttributes.entrySet()) {
-            textStrings.add(kv.getKey() + "=" + kv.getValue());
-            textEntries.add(new TextEntry(kv.getKey(), kv.getValue().getBytes(UTF_8)));
-        }
-        when(textRecord.getStrings()).thenReturn(textStrings);
-        when(textRecord.getEntries()).thenReturn(textEntries);
-
-        response.setServiceRecord(serviceRecord);
-        response.setTextRecord(textRecord);
-
-        doReturn(false).when(response).isGoodbye();
-        doReturn(true).when(response).isComplete();
-        doReturn(serviceInstanceName).when(response).getServiceInstanceName();
-        doReturn(new ArrayList<>(subtypes)).when(response).getSubtypes();
-        return response;
-    }
-
-    // Creates a mDNS response.
-    private MdnsResponse createResponse(
+    private MdnsPacket createResponse(
             @NonNull String serviceInstanceName,
             @Nullable String host,
             int port,
             @NonNull String subtype,
             @NonNull Map<String, String> textAttributes,
-            int interfaceIndex,
-            Network network)
+            long ptrTtlMillis)
             throws Exception {
-        MdnsResponse response = new MdnsResponse(0, interfaceIndex, network);
+        final ArrayList<String> type = new ArrayList<>();
+        type.add(subtype);
+        type.add(MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_LABEL);
+        type.addAll(Arrays.asList(SERVICE_TYPE_LABELS));
+        return createResponse(serviceInstanceName, host, port, type.toArray(new String[0]),
+                textAttributes, ptrTtlMillis);
+    }
+
+    // Creates a mDNS response.
+    private MdnsPacket createResponse(
+            @NonNull String serviceInstanceName,
+            @Nullable String host,
+            int port,
+            @NonNull String[] type,
+            @NonNull Map<String, String> textAttributes,
+            long ptrTtlMillis) {
+
+        final ArrayList<MdnsRecord> answerRecords = new ArrayList<>();
 
         // Set PTR record
+        final ArrayList<String> serviceNameList = new ArrayList<>();
+        serviceNameList.add(serviceInstanceName);
+        serviceNameList.addAll(Arrays.asList(type));
+        final String[] serviceName = serviceNameList.toArray(new String[0]);
         final MdnsPointerRecord pointerRecord = new MdnsPointerRecord(
-                new String[]{subtype, MdnsConstants.SUBTYPE_LABEL, "test"} /* name */,
-                0L /* receiptTimeMillis */,
+                type,
+                TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME /* receiptTimeMillis */,
                 false /* cacheFlush */,
-                120000L /* ttlMillis */,
-                new String[]{serviceInstanceName});
-        response.addPointerRecord(pointerRecord);
+                ptrTtlMillis,
+                serviceName);
+        answerRecords.add(pointerRecord);
 
         // Set SRV record.
         final MdnsServiceRecord serviceRecord = new MdnsServiceRecord(
-                new String[] {"service"} /* name */,
-                0L /* receiptTimeMillis */,
+                serviceName,
+                TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME /* receiptTimeMillis */,
                 false /* cacheFlush */,
-                120000L /* ttlMillis */,
+                TEST_TTL,
                 0 /* servicePriority */,
                 0 /* serviceWeight */,
                 port,
                 new String[]{"hostname"});
-        response.setServiceRecord(serviceRecord);
+        answerRecords.add(serviceRecord);
 
         // Set A/AAAA record.
         if (host != null) {
-            if (InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(host) instanceof Inet6Address) {
-                final MdnsInetAddressRecord inetAddressRecord = new MdnsInetAddressRecord(
-                        new String[] {"address"} /* name */,
-                        0L /* receiptTimeMillis */,
-                        false /* cacheFlush */,
-                        120000L /* ttlMillis */,
-                        Inet6Address.getByName(host));
-                response.setInet6AddressRecord(inetAddressRecord);
-            } else {
-                final MdnsInetAddressRecord inetAddressRecord = new MdnsInetAddressRecord(
-                        new String[] {"address"} /* name */,
-                        0L /* receiptTimeMillis */,
-                        false /* cacheFlush */,
-                        120000L /* ttlMillis */,
-                        Inet4Address.getByName(host));
-                response.setInet4AddressRecord(inetAddressRecord);
-            }
+            final InetAddress addr = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(host);
+            final MdnsInetAddressRecord inetAddressRecord = new MdnsInetAddressRecord(
+                    new String[] {"hostname"} /* name */,
+                    TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME /* receiptTimeMillis */,
+                    false /* cacheFlush */,
+                    TEST_TTL,
+                    addr);
+            answerRecords.add(inetAddressRecord);
         }
 
         // Set TXT record.
@@ -1137,12 +1040,18 @@
             textEntries.add(new TextEntry(kv.getKey(), kv.getValue().getBytes(UTF_8)));
         }
         final MdnsTextRecord textRecord = new MdnsTextRecord(
-                new String[] {"text"} /* name */,
-                0L /* receiptTimeMillis */,
+                serviceName,
+                TEST_ELAPSED_REALTIME /* receiptTimeMillis */,
                 false /* cacheFlush */,
-                120000L /* ttlMillis */,
+                TEST_TTL,
                 textEntries);
-        response.setTextRecord(textRecord);
-        return response;
+        answerRecords.add(textRecord);
+        return new MdnsPacket(
+                0 /* flags */,
+                Collections.emptyList() /* questions */,
+                answerRecords,
+                Collections.emptyList() /* authorityRecords */,
+                Collections.emptyList() /* additionalRecords */
+        );
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClientTests.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClientTests.java
index 1d61cd3..9048686 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClientTests.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/connectivity/mdns/MdnsSocketClientTests.java
@@ -18,13 +18,11 @@
 
 import static com.android.testutils.DevSdkIgnoreRuleKt.SC_V2;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt;
-import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.argThat;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
@@ -48,7 +46,6 @@
 import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
-import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
 import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
@@ -373,7 +370,7 @@
         mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
 
         verify(mockCallback, timeout(TIMEOUT).atLeast(1))
-                .onResponseReceived(any(MdnsResponse.class));
+                .onResponseReceived(any(MdnsPacket.class), anyInt(), any());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -382,7 +379,7 @@
         mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
 
         verify(mockCallback, timeout(TIMEOUT).atLeastOnce())
-                .onResponseReceived(any(MdnsResponse.class));
+                .onResponseReceived(any(MdnsPacket.class), anyInt(), any());
 
         mdnsClient.stopDiscovery();
     }
@@ -514,7 +511,7 @@
         mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
 
         verify(mockCallback, timeout(TIMEOUT).atLeastOnce())
-                .onResponseReceived(argThat(response -> response.getInterfaceIndex() == 21));
+                .onResponseReceived(any(), eq(21), any());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -536,11 +533,7 @@
         mdnsClient.setCallback(mockCallback);
         mdnsClient.startDiscovery();
 
-        ArgumentCaptor<MdnsResponse> mdnsResponseCaptor =
-                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(MdnsResponse.class);
         verify(mockMulticastSocket, never()).getInterfaceIndex();
-        verify(mockCallback, timeout(TIMEOUT).atLeast(1))
-                .onResponseReceived(mdnsResponseCaptor.capture());
-        assertEquals(-1, mdnsResponseCaptor.getValue().getInterfaceIndex());
+        verify(mockCallback, timeout(TIMEOUT).atLeast(1)).onResponseReceived(any(), eq(-1), any());
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file